4751
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Chen X. On the convergence of Broyden-like methods for nonlinear equations with nondifferentiable terms. ANN I STAT MATH 1990. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00050844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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4752
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Ye G, Cao Q, Chen X, Li S, Jia B. Ulmus macrocarpa hance for the treatment of ulcerative colitis--a report of 36 cases. J TRADIT CHIN MED 1990; 10:97-8. [PMID: 2392003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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4753
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Albagli D, Ballinger R, Cammarata V, Chen X, Crooks RM, Fiore C, Gaudreau MPJ, Hwang I, Li CK, Linsay P, Luckhardt SC, Parker RR, Petrasso RD, Schloh MO, Wenzel KW, Wrighton MS. Measurement and analysis of neutron and gamma-ray emission rates, other fusion products, and power in electrochemical cells having Pd cathodes. JOURNAL OF FUSION ENERGY 1990. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02627578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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4754
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Abstract
The interaction of cultured rat GEC1 with several growth factors was explored in order to obtain a better understanding of in vivo factors which might stimulate GEC proliferation. GEC proliferated in response to EGF but not IGF-1, MSA or PDGF. Specific, saturable receptors for EGF were detected in saturation and competition binding studies utilizing 125I-EGF with an approximate Kd of 1.7 nM and 86,000 binding sites per cell. TGF-beta inhibited GEC growth in a time and dose dependent manner with a brief early exposure resulting in prolonged growth inhibition which was not reversible by EGF. Exposure to TGF-beta sufficient to maximally inhibit growth had no effect on EGF binding to GEC. More prolonged exposure to TGF-beta, however, did result in an increase in the apparent number of EGF receptors on GEC but no change in Kd. These studies suggest that EGF and TGF-beta released by inflammatory cells or platelets during the course of glomerular injury may play a role in modulating glomerular cell proliferation.
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4755
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Zhang X, Zhou C, Lu J, Ding D, Xu D, Huang W, Liu S, Chen X. [Biological characteristics of Psoralea corylifolia L]. ZHONGGUO ZHONG YAO ZA ZHI = ZHONGGUO ZHONGYAO ZAZHI = CHINA JOURNAL OF CHINESE MATERIA MEDICA 1990; 15:206-9, 253-4. [PMID: 2206370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
A study has been made on the biological characteristics of Psoralea corylifolia under general cultivating conditions. To search for the laws of growth and development so as to facilitate further studies on the cultivating techniques for higher production of Psoralea corylifolia.
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4756
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Chu GX, Chen X. Anti-lipid peroxidation and protection of ginsenosides against cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injuries in rats. ZHONGGUO YAO LI XUE BAO = ACTA PHARMACOLOGICA SINICA 1990; 11:119-23. [PMID: 2275384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The correlation between protective effect of ginsenosides Rb + R0 and brain endogenously-derived prostacyclin synthesis, thromboxane A2 formation and lipid peroxidation were estimated in rats. Ginsenosides Rb + R0 100 mg/kg iv 30 min before 4-vessel occlusion elevated 6-keto-PGF1 alpha level, declined thromboxane B2 and brain edema formation, reduced the rise of lipid peroxides and suppressed the reduction in both creatine phosphokinase (CK) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities in brain tissue after 40-min ischemia followed by 1-h reperfusion. Furthermore, these improvements were partially abolished by pretreating with iv indomethacin. It is concluded that ginsenosides possess protective effect on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury of rats and ginsenosides Rb + R0 are the active principles. The underlying mechanism of protection is ascribed partially or mainly to the facilitated synthesis and release of prostacyclin, reduced formation of thromboxane A2 and inhibited generation of free radicals and subsequent lipid peroxidation.
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4757
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Wu H, Chen X. [Effect of electro-acupuncture of zusanli on unit discharges in the lateral hypothalamic area induced by stomach distension]. ZHEN CI YAN JIU = ACUPUNCTURE RESEARCH 1990. [PMID: 2125878 DOI: 10.13702/j.1000-0607.1990.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies in our laboratory have shown that some unit discharges of the neurons in Feeding Centre of the lateral hypothalamic area (LHA) may be inhibited by distending stomach. The present study was performed to observe the effect of electro-acupuncture of "Zusanli" point on the discharge-inhibitory reaction induced by distending stomach in rats. Among 52 unit discharges observed, 36 (69.2%) showed that electro-acupuncturing "Zusanli" point abolished the inhibitory reaction induced by distending stomach. The durations of the effect range from 5 to 15 minutes. These results indicate that the somatic input from "Zusanli" plant may influence the reactivity of Feeding Centre of LHA to the activity of stomach.
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4758
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Chen X, Wang HY. [Types of left ventricular hypertrophy and their functional changes in essential hypertension]. ZHONGHUA XIN XUE GUAN BING ZA ZHI 1989; 17:336-7, 382. [PMID: 2534657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
104 patients of hypertensive left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) were studied by two-dimensional echocardiography. According to the changes of left ventricular wall thickness, wall mass, end-diastolic volume and ejection fraction, they were divided into three types (concentric, dilated, disproportionate): (1) Concentric LVH 83 cases (79.8%) with thickened ventricular wall and augmented mass. (2) Dilated LVH 13 cases (12.5%) with left ventricular cavity enlarged and both ventricular mass and volume increased, ejection fraction decreased. (3) Disproportionate LVH 8 cases (7.7%), similar to hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with excess increase in interventricular septal thickness. The thickness ratio between interventricular septal and left ventricular posterior wall was greater than or equal to 1.3.
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4759
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Abstract
The protection of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, captopril and ramiprilat, against free radical-mediated myocardial injury were studied in isolated working rat hearts. Free radicals were generated by electrolysis of Krebs-Henseleit solution with 10 mA direct current for 1 min. Both captopril (360 mumol/l) and ramiprilat (12.5 mumol/l) significantly reduced the decrease of left ventricle dP/dt'max, coronary flow (CF), myocardial superoxide dismutase (SOD) and creatine kinase (CK) activities and the elevation of S-T segment of epicardial ECG as well as the rise of myocardial malondialdehyde (MDA) content caused by electrolysed perfusate. Captopril afforded a dose-dependent protection on cardiac functions with various concentrations of 45, 90, 180 and 360 mumol/l. Iloprost (30 nmol/l), a stable mimetic of prostacyclin, could also alleviate free radical-mediated myocardial injuries. All the beneficial effects of ramiprilat (12.5 mumol/l) were abolished by the administration of indomethacin (5 mumol). In contrast, captopril (90 mumol/l) still exhibited significant protective effects after indomethacin (9 mumol) was administered, though these protective effects were insignificantly weakened. In order to assess the role of sulfhydryl (-SH) group in the effects of captopril, a SH-containing drug S8 and a disulfide DG4, both are deficient in ACE inhibitory properties in vitro, were examined. Data showed that S8 (180 mumol/l) provided a significant protection while DG4 showed no protective effect. It is concluded that ACE inhibitors can protect against free radical-induced myocardial damage. Ramiprilat, a non-SH-containing ACE inhibitor, inhibits free radical-induced damages mainly by stimulation of prostacyclin synthesis and/or release. In addition to this effect, captopril, a SH-containing ACE inhibitor, may exert additional anti-free radical effects by a mechanism which is probably related to the sulfhydryl group.
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4760
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Abstract
This paper reports on a study of dental caries conducted among 1744 urban and rural Chinese (from 20 to 80 years old), who were selected by means of a systematic stratified sampling procedure. The prevalence of one or more decayed or filled teeth ranged from 48 to 90% in urban residents, and from 51 to 97% in rural residents, depending on age. The mean number of decayed or filled teeth ranged from 1.2 (+/- 1.9) among 20-29-year-olds, to 6.2 (+/- 5.5) among 70+-year-olds, and was highest among rural residents. Among 20-29-year-olds, the main components of the DFT were enamel lesions and fillings. Among 30-49-year-olds, the DFT consisted mainly of enamel lesions and filled teeth, as well as teeth with lesions involving the pulpal tissues. In subjects over the age of 50 years, lesions involving pulpal tissues were the predominant type, followed by root-surface lesions. In subjects below the age of 50 years, most of the caries experience derived from coronal surfaces, particularly occlusal surfaces. Root-surface caries was predominantly a feature of persons aged 50 years and above. Despite a large number of surfaces being at risk of root-surface caries, less than 10% of the surfaces were so affected. Although cross-sectional in nature, these data indicate that when the oral hygiene standards are poor, caries lesions continue to develop and progress throughout life. With age, dental caries becomes a substantial oral health problem in this population of adult and elderly Chinese, despite the availability of some dental services.
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4761
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Chen X, Tai CY. Optical-bias-enhanced transient photocurrent in amorphous silicon. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1989; 40:9652-9660. [PMID: 9991485 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.40.9652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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4762
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Luan WM, Baelum V, Chen X, Fejerskov O. Tooth mortality and prosthetic treatment patterns in urban and rural Chinese aged 20-80 years. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 1989; 17:221-6. [PMID: 2791508 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0528.1989.tb00620.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The study describes tooth mortality levels and pattern of prosthetic treatments in a sample of 1744 Chinese aged 20-80 yr who are residents of Beijing area. Complete edentulousness was rarely seen before the age of 60 yr. Beyond this age up to 26% were edentulous, depending on age and sex. The mean number of teeth present ranged from 10.0 to 29.7 depending on age, sex, and area of residence. Below the age of 60 yr very few persons had experienced extensive loss of teeth but thereafter the number of teeth missing was substantially increased. Prosthetic treatments in the form of partial dentures, crowns, and bridges were frequently observed even in the younger age groups. In all age groups the number of teeth exhibiting caries lesions involving the pulp was much higher than the number of teeth exhibiting extensive mobility. Although many people retain a high number of teeth even late in life our findings indicate a substantial need for, in particular, relief of pain services. Concurrently, emphasis must be placed on preventive programs aiming at interfering with ongoing disease.
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4763
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Chen X, Finch LR. Novel arrangement of rRNA genes in Mycoplasma gallisepticum: separation of the 16S gene of one set from the 23S and 5S genes. J Bacteriol 1989; 171:2876-8. [PMID: 2708324 PMCID: PMC209978 DOI: 10.1128/jb.171.5.2876-2878.1989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Large restriction fragments from the DNA of Mycoplasma gallisepticum S6 and PG31, which were prepared by digestion with BglI, BssHII, SmaI, or XhoI and which were separated by pulsed-field electrophoresis, were hybridized with probes containing most, or different parts, of an rRNA operon of Mycoplasma capricolum. The results showed that the genomes contained three widely separated rRNA loci. One locus contained genes for all three rRNA species and another contained 23S and probably 5S rRNA genes, whereas the third appeared to have only a 16S rRNA gene.
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MESH Headings
- Blotting, Southern
- DNA, Bacterial/genetics
- DNA, Ribosomal/genetics
- Mycoplasma/genetics
- RNA, Ribosomal/genetics
- RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics
- RNA, Ribosomal, 23S/genetics
- RNA, Ribosomal, 5S/genetics
- Restriction Mapping
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4764
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Li YS, Chen X, Sun RL. [Pacemaker syndrome: a report of 6 cases]. ZHONGHUA NEI KE ZA ZHI 1989; 28:163-6, 187. [PMID: 2805951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Six patients suspected to have "pacemaker syndrome" were studied with hemodynamic and electrophysiologic methods. Symptoms appeared after implantation of ventricular pacemaker (VVI). Mile symptoms such as dizziness and fatigue and severe symptom of heart failure were noted. The results of the study suggested that cardiac output decreases due to loss of atrial contribution to ventricular filling and also as a result of increase of systemic venous pressure. If the patient has V-A conduction, cardiac output will decrease further. Restoration of atrioventricular synchronization is essential in the treatment of the pacemaker syndrome.
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4765
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Guo CY, Sun RL, Chen X. [Electrophysiologic study of concealed accessory A-V pathway]. ZHONGHUA NEI KE ZA ZHI 1989; 28:85-8, 126. [PMID: 2737040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The presence of concealed accessory A-V pathways (CAP) was demonstrated in 14 out of 18 (78%) patients with supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) and narrow QRS complexes. Such a high percentage of CAP mediated AVRT is a quite unique finding. The importance of a standard programmed electrical stimulation protocol in documenting CAP is emphasized. Careful atrial mapping and premature ventricular stimulation during SVT are very helpful for diagnosis and localization of CAP. We considered that a V-A interval of 75 ms or more on intracardiac electrogram or a R-P interval of 85 ms or more on esophageal electrogram is a good criterion for AVRT utilizing an accessory pathway.
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4766
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Pu JL, Chen X, Sun RL. [Acute electrophysiologic effects of intravenous ethmozin in patients with paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia due to WPW syndrome]. ZHONGHUA XIN XUE GUAN BING ZA ZHI 1988; 16:329-31, 381-2. [PMID: 3073934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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4767
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Chen X, Henderson K, Beinfeld MC, Westfall TC. Alterations in blood pressure of normotensive and hypertensive rats following intrathecal injections of neuropeptide Y. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 1988; 12:473-8. [PMID: 2465449 DOI: 10.1097/00005344-198810000-00014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The effect of the intrathecal administration of neuropeptide Y (NPY) on blood pressure and heart rate of anesthetized normotensive and hypertensive rats was studied. Neuropeptide Y was observed to produce a decrease in the blood pressure of Sprague-Dawley, Wistar Kyoto (WKY), DOCA-salt, and DOCA-sham control rats. The maximum percent decrease in blood pressure of Sprague-Dawley rats was 12.8 and 15.2% in response to 0.1 and 1.0 nmol NPY, respectively. Similar changes in heart rate were observed. The depressor effect of intrathecal NPY was attenuated by prior treatment with yohimbine and propranolol but not prazosin. The depressor effect of intrathecal NPY observed in normotensive and DOCA-salt hypertensive rats was not seen in the spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR). The studies extend to the spinal cord the list of regions and tissues where NPY can produce physiological effects. It is concluded that the effects of NPY are closely associated with sympathetic preganglionic neurons in the spinal cord that the depressor effect of NPY involves alpha 2 and beta adrenoceptors, and that a loss of the depressor effect of NPY may contribute to the development or maintenance of hypertension in the SHR.
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4768
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Sun RL, Guo CY, Hu SJ, Yu PZ, Tian RG, Chen X. Clinical application of antitachycardia pacemaker. A report of 6 cases. Chin Med J (Engl) 1988; 101:731-6. [PMID: 3150705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
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4769
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Chen X, Fang YX, Xiong WS, Su Z, Hu KL, Wu WJ, Liu ZQ. Comparative effects of captopril, nitroprusside, dopamine and lanatoside C on a new model of rabbit congestive heart failure. ZHONGGUO YAO LI XUE BAO = ACTA PHARMACOLOGICA SINICA 1988; 9:402-8. [PMID: 3064549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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4770
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Prout G, Lin CW, Benson R, Nseyo U, Daly J, Griffin P, Kinsey J, Tian ME, Lao YH, Main YZ, Chen X, Ren FM, Qiao SJ. Photodynamic Therapy With Hematoporphyrin Derivative in the Treatment of Superficial Transitional-Cell Carcinoma of the Bladder. J Urol 1988. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-5347(17)42809-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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4771
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Xin ZY, Brettell RIS, Cheng ZM, Waterhouse PM, Appels R, Banks PM, Zhou GH, Chen X, Larkin PJ. Characterization of a potential source of barley yellow dwarf virus resistance for wheat. Genome 1988. [DOI: 10.1139/g88-043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Resistance to barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV) has been described in lines derived from crosses between wheat and Thinopyrum intermedium. The resistance in one such line, Zhong 4, originating in China, was expressed against two different serotypes of BYDV as measured by accumulation of virus in infected seedlings. F1 hybrids between wheat (2n = 42) and Zhong 4 (2n = 56) had 49 chromosomes and intermediate levels of virus when compared to the parent lines. Cytological and molecular hybridization studies suggested that the BYDV resistance in Zhong 4 is carried on a set of seven pairs of nonwheat chromosomes that derived from a combination of the E and X genomes present in Th. intermedium.Key words: Barley yellow dwarf virus, wheat, ribosomal DNA, Agropyron intermedium, Thinopyrum intermedium, virus resistance.
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4772
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Chen X, Kozubowski J, Gerberich W. Hydrogen-induced sustained load cracking in single crystal Fe-3wt.%Si. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1988. [DOI: 10.1016/s0036-9748(88)80342-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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4773
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Simons K, Watson W, Simons F, Chen X. 167 The pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of hydroxyzine in the elderly. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1988. [DOI: 10.1016/0091-6749(88)90403-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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4774
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4775
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Westfall TC, Carpentier S, Chen X, Beinfeld MC, Naes L, Meldrum MJ. Prejunctional and postjunctional effects of neuropeptide Y at the noradrenergic neuroeffector junction of the perfused mesenteric arterial bed of the rat. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 1987; 10:716-22. [PMID: 2450243 DOI: 10.1097/00005344-198712000-00016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The effect of neuropeptide Y (NPY) on periarterial nerve stimulation-induced release of norepinephrine (NE) and increase in perfusion pressure in the perfused mesenteric arterial bed of the rat was examined. Perfusate effluents were continuously collected and assayed for endogenous NE by high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled to electrochemical detection. Perfusion pressure was continuously monitored by means of a pressure transducer. Periarterial nerve stimulation (8 or 16 Hz, 60 V, 2-ms duration for 30 s) resulted in a readily detectable increase in NE release and perfusion pressure that was attenuated by the prior administration of tetrodotoxin (TTX) (10(-5) M) or guanethidine (5 X 10(-5) M). NPY exerted both prejunctional and postjunctional effects on noradrenergic neurotransmission in this preparation. The peptide produced a concentration-dependent reduction in the release of NE over a concentration range of 10(-10) - 10(-7) M. A similar inhibition effect occurred at 8, 10, and 16 Hz. In contrast, low concentrations (10(-10) and 10(-9) M) decreased the effect of nerve stimulation on perfusion pressure, whereas higher concentrations (10(-7) M) produced a marked potentiation. The alpha 2-adrenoceptor antagonist, yohimbine, did not alter the inhibitory effect of NPY on evoked NE release or the effect on perfusion pressure. Prazosin similarly did not alter the inhibitory effect of NPY on NE release but prevented the increase in perfusion pressure. We conclude that NPY modulates noradrenergic neurotransmission in the mesenteric arterial bed by decreasing the evoked release of NE and producing a concentration-dependent biphasic response on vascular smooth muscle.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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4776
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Pan CY, Chen X. Renormalization-group study of high-spin Heisenberg antiferromagnets. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1987; 36:8600-8606. [PMID: 9942681 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.36.8600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
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4777
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Sun RL, Guo CY, Chen X. [Clinical use of antitachycardia pacemakers in 6 cases]. ZHONGHUA XIN XUE GUAN BING ZA ZHI 1987; 15:262-5, 310. [PMID: 3440428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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4778
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Chen X. Magic and myth of migration: a case study of a special economic zone in China. ASIA-PACIFIC POPULATION JOURNAL 1987; 2:57-76. [PMID: 12268937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
The town of Shenzhen, China, experienced rapid economic and demographic growth following the government's creation of four Special Economic Zones in 1980. The role of migration in the Shenzhen phenomenon is examined as a practicum for policymakers and demographic specialists. Specifically, the paper is concerned with "the sources and mechanisms of migration, and characteristics of migrants to Shenzhen in order to clarify the relationship between rapid economic growth and its demographic consequences in China. It also briefly assesses the problems associated with migration to Shenzhen and how they may affect the city's future."
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4779
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Li K, Chen X. Protective effects of captopril and enalapril on myocardial ischemia and reperfusion damage of rat. J Mol Cell Cardiol 1987; 19:909-15. [PMID: 2828645 DOI: 10.1016/s0022-2828(87)80619-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The protective effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) on myocardial ischemia and reperfusion damage was estimated in rat hearts, both in vivo and in vitro. Enalapril 2.5 mg/kg ip pretreatment at 24 and 5 h before coronary occlusion, significantly blunted the rise of CPK (445 +/- 151 vs 649 +/- 244 mu/ml, P less than 0.05) and improved electrocardiogram (ECG) 8 h after coronary occlusion. In global ischemia and reperfusion ex vivo, enalapril improved contractility (0.9 +/- 0.2 vs 0.3 +/- 0.3 g, P less than 0.05) and coronary flow (15.6 +/- 3.3 vs 11.9 +/- 3.1 ml/min/g, P less than 0.05), shortened significantly the duration of reperfusion arrhythmia (3.1 +/- 2.7 vs 9.7 +/- 8.1 min, P less than 0.05). In Langendorffs heart, captopril remarkably preserved force of contraction (2.1 +/- 0.4 vs 1.4 +/- 0.4 g, P less than 0.01) and coronary flow (2.7 +/- 0.5 vs 3.6 +/- 0.9 ml/min/g, P less than 0.05) in segmental infarction deteriorated by angiotensin I. Captopril 10(-5) M infusion reduced the release of CPK (435 +/- 112 vs 640 +/- 123 mu/min coronary flow, P less than 0.05). This action was almost completely abolished by pretreating and infusing with indomethacin. As a positive control, prostacyclin 5 X 10(-7) M infusion further reduced the release of CPK to 330 +/- 77 mu/min. It is concluded that angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor can protect both myocardial ischemia and reperfusion damage in rat hearts. The mechanism of protection was ascribed to reduced production of angiotensin II by ACE inhibition and increased prostacyclin release in the myocardium.
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4780
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Sun Y, Chen MH, Zhang YX, Xiao H, Liu HY, Chen X, Zeng Y. [Promoting effect of the Chinese medicinal herb, wikstroemia chamaedaphne and tung oil extracts on carcinoma of the uterine cervix induced by HSV-2 or methylcholanthrene (MCA) in mice]. ZHONGHUA ZHONG LIU ZA ZHI [CHINESE JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY] 1987; 9:345-7, 20. [PMID: 2838237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The promoting effect of the Chinese medicinal herb, Wikstroemia chamaedaphne and Tung oil extracts (WC and HHPA) on carcinoma of uterine cervix induced by HSV-2 or MCA in mice was studied. The results showed that WC and HHPA extracts were not carcinogenic themselves. After carcinogen HSV-2 and MCA treatment, WC and HHPA were added separately. The inducing rates by HSV-2 increased from 7.4% to 21.1% and 26.3%, those by MCA increased from 56.5% to 82.8% and 84.4%. There was a significant difference between the combined groups and groups with HSV-2 or MCA only. The experimental results suggest that these two kinds of extracts play a promoting effect on carcinogenesis. The relation between the carcinogenesis of uterine cervix or nasopharynx and WC or HHPA extracts is discussed.
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4781
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Chen X, Feng XW. Effects of anti-inflammatory Agent No.6 for injection on the oxidative burst of rat peritoneal macrophages. JOURNAL OF TONGJI MEDICAL UNIVERSITY = TONG JI YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO 1987; 7:65-9. [PMID: 3656488 DOI: 10.1007/bf02888163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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4782
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Fang YX, Chen X. [Effects of ginsenosides on myocardial lactic acid, cyclic nucleotides and ultrastructural myocardial changes in anoxia in mice]. ZHONG XI YI JIE HE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF MODERN DEVELOPMENTS IN TRADITIONAL MEDICINE 1987; 7:354-6, 326. [PMID: 3690759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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4783
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Smatlak DL, Chen X, Lane BG, Hokin SA, Post RS. Experimental observation of the hot-electron equilibrium in a minimum-B mirror plasma. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1987; 58:1853-1856. [PMID: 10034555 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.58.1853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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4784
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Zhang FL, Chen X. Effects of ginsenosides on sympathetic neurotransmitter release in pithed rats. ZHONGGUO YAO LI XUE BAO = ACTA PHARMACOLOGICA SINICA 1987; 8:217-220. [PMID: 2889319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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4785
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Chen X, Schmidt B, Dunkelberg H. [The induction of sister chromatid exchange by diethylstilbestrol and mitomycin C in lymphocytes of mothers and their newborn infants]. ZENTRALBLATT FUR BAKTERIOLOGIE, MIKROBIOLOGIE UND HYGIENE. SERIE B, UMWELTHYGIENE, KRANKENHAUSHYGIENE, ARBEITSHYGIENE, PRAVENTIVE MEDIZIN 1987; 184:78-86. [PMID: 3113098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Lymphocytes of mothers and their newborn infants were treated with varying concentrations of diethylstilbestrol (10(-6) M, 10(-5) M and 10(-4) M) and mitomycin C (0.003, 0.009 and 0.03 microgram/ml), and the incidence of sister chromatid exchanges (SCE) was determined. The results showed that the spontaneous SCE rate in the newborns is less than that of their mothers. A dose-related increase in SCEs was observed in cells exposed to the alkylating chemical mitomycin C, while increases in SCEs were not noted in cultures exposed to diethylstilbestrol. No different susceptibilities of lymphocytes from mothers and newborns to the chemical induction were observed.
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4786
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Chen X. [New concepts and methods in the study of anti-myocardial ischemia drugs]. YAO XUE XUE BAO = ACTA PHARMACEUTICA SINICA 1987; 22:150-5. [PMID: 2887085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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4787
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Dekmezian R, Chen X, Kuo T, Ordóñez N, Katz RL. DNA hybridization for human papillomavirus (HPV) in cervical lesions. Relationship of the presence of various viral subtypes to expression of HPV structural proteins, involucrin, and carcinoembryonic antigen. Arch Pathol Lab Med 1987; 111:22-7. [PMID: 3026279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
We studied cervical tissue from 20 patients with a variety of condylomatous, preneoplastic, and neoplastic lesions to detect various subtypes of human papillomavirus (HPV) at the molecular level by DNA hybridization. In addition, mirror image biopsy specimens were studied by an immunoperoxidase technique for the presence of HPV structural antigens, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), and involucrin, as markers of disturbed maturation and/or neoplasia. Of the 20 patients studied, we were able to demonstrate the presence of either HPV 16 or 18, or both, in three of seven squamous carcinomas tested, and three of five dysplasias. Interestingly, two cases of squamous carcinoma and one moderate dysplasia demonstrated HPV types 6 and 11 concurrently with HPV 16 and/or 18. Four of six condylomas showed HPV subtypes 6/11, and only one condyloma showed weak hybridization with HPV 18. Human papillomavirus structural antigen was seen in three of eight condylomas, and three of five dysplasias, but not in any carcinoma. All condylomas showed intense staining for involucrin in full-thickness of the epithelium, but the high-grade dysplasias and carcinomas showed only focal or absence of staining for involucrin. Carcinoembryonic antigen was expressed in 50% of the carcinomas with a pattern similar to that seen with involucrin, but did not correlate with any particular subtype of HPV. The molecular hybridization method seems to be superior for the detection of HPV lesions, and possibly for the prediction of their biologic behavior.
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4788
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Li YJ, Deng HW, Chen X. [The protective effect of ginsenosides and its components on myocytes anoxia/reoxygenation and myocardial reperfusion injury]. YAO XUE XUE BAO = ACTA PHARMACEUTICA SINICA 1987; 22:1-5. [PMID: 3604687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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4789
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Fang YX, Shen N, Chen X. Beneficial changes in prostacyclin and thromboxane A2 induced by ginsenosides in myocardial infarction and reperfusion injury in dogs. ZHONGGUO YAO LI XUE BAO = ACTA PHARMACOLOGICA SINICA 1986; 7:226-30. [PMID: 2954367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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4790
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Chen X. [Effect of development of rural commodity economy on family planning]. REN KOU YAN JIU = RENKOU YANJIU 1986:56-8. [PMID: 12280626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
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4791
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Chen X. [Electrophysiological study in WPW syndrome with supraventricular tachycardia]. ZHONGHUA XIN XUE GUAN BING ZA ZHI 1986; 14:47-51. [PMID: 3743389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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4792
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Wang FZ, Chen X, Sun RL. [Clinical experiences with a fully automatic pacemaker (DDD) in 10 patients]. ZHONGHUA NEI KE ZA ZHI 1985; 24:719-22, 768. [PMID: 3830618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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4793
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Chen X, Shi NK. [Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy--a report of 3 cases in one family]. ZHONGHUA XIN XUE GUAN BING ZA ZHI 1985; 13:268-9. [PMID: 3836884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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4794
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Qian BY, Guo JQ, Chen X. [Conduction disorders in the early postoperative period after open-heart surgery]. ZHONGHUA XIN XUE GUAN BING ZA ZHI 1985; 13:99-101, 157. [PMID: 4042857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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4795
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Pan HZ, Fen LM, Liu XB, Chen X, Zhang ZN, Huang WX, Zhang A. [Lipid peroxidation of paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) erythrocyte membrane]. ZHONGGUO YI XUE KE XUE YUAN XUE BAO. ACTA ACADEMIAE MEDICINAE SINICAE 1985; 7:126-9. [PMID: 2936498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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4796
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Wang FZ, Sun RL, Chen X. [208 cases of implantable pacemakers]. ZHONGHUA XIN XUE GUAN BING ZA ZHI 1985; 13:29-31, 77. [PMID: 4006701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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4797
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Hu SJ, Chen X, Sun RL. [Differentiation of ventricular tachycardia from supraventricular tachycardia by the His bundle electrogram in 10 patients]. ZHONGHUA XIN XUE GUAN BING ZA ZHI 1984; 12:268-70, 316. [PMID: 6544210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
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4798
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Chu CC, Sun CS, Chen X, Zhang WX, Du ZH. Somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration in callus from inflorescences of Hordeum vulgare X Triticum aestivum hybrids. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 1984; 68:375-379. [PMID: 24257648 DOI: 10.1007/bf00267892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/1984] [Accepted: 02/21/1984] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Embryogenic callus cultures were obtained by culturing young inflorescence tissues of Hordeum vulgare cv. 'PF51811' (2x)XTriticum aestivum cv. 'Chinese Spring' (6x) hybrids on 2,4-D-containing N6 medium. After subculture for about 10 months the calli retained a high potentiality for somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration. Of about 300 regenerated plants, approximately 100 were transplanted to potting soil. Eight embryoids and three regenerated plants examined had 28 chromosomes identical to the original hybrid plants, while one regenerated plant was found to be a mixploid composed of cells with 28 and 56 chromosomes. The possibility for obtaining amphiploid hybrids through tissue culture is discussed.
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4799
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Chen X, Pitt BR, Moalli R, Gillis CN. Correlation between lung and plasma angiotensin converting enzyme and the hypotensive effect of captopril in conscious rabbits. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1984; 229:649-53. [PMID: 6327968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
We measured both pulmonary and plasma angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) activity in conscious rabbits before and for 6 days after administration of captopril (2 mg/kg i.v.). Pulmonary ACE activity was measured by means of modified indicator-dilution techniques after bolus injection of [3H]benzoyl-phenyl-alanyl-alanyl-proline ( BPAP , synthetic substrate for ACE). Plasma ACE activity was also determined radiometrically with [3H] BPAP as substrate. In addition, we measured the systemic pressor response to i.v. bolus dose of angiotensin I both before and after captopril. Twenty-four hours after captopril, pulmonary metabolism of BPAP had decreased from control of 73 +/- 5 to 8 +/- 2%; even 6 days after drug treatment there was still evidence of inhibition. In contrast, plasma ACE activity was significantly (P less than .05) reduced within 15 min of treatment (to 20% of control levels) but recovered within 24 hr. The time course of changes in the pressor response to angiotensin I, after captopril, resembled that of plasma ACE activity. Mean systemic arterial blood pressure was 81 +/- 4 torr at control and reached its nadir at 24 hr (64 +/- 2 torr; P less than .05); thereafter a gradual recovery ensued, similar in time course to that of pulmonary ACE. These data suggest that inhibition of plasma ACE and also the pressor response to angiotensin I are unrelated temporally to the hypotensive effects of captopril.
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4800
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Abstract
Ginsenosides (saponins extracted from Panax ginseng) elicit qualitatively and quantitatively different responses in isolated, contracted ring preparations of different blood vessels from rabbits, dogs and humans. Ginsenosides themselves did not affect the tone of 'resting' isolated blood vessels directly, but contracted slightly the renal vein of rabbits at the maximum concentration tested. The mixture caused relaxation of the noradrenaline (NA) or prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2 alpha)-induced contraction of the pulmonary artery and intrapulmonary artery of rabbits, and the PGF 2 alpha-induced contraction of the canine mesenteric vein. Ginsenosides potentiated, in a concentration-dependent manner, the contractile responses of renal veins of dogs and rabbits to PGF2 alpha The reason for such heterogeneous responses of different blood vessels to ginsenosides in unknown. It is suggested that either potentiation of contraction or relaxation of contracted blood vessels might be mediated by interaction with endogenous vasoactive substances. The potentiation of PGF2 alpha-induced contraction may be related to the reduction of renal blood flow observed in anaesthetized dogs. The simultaneous contraction and relaxation effects may explain its biphasic actions on blood pressure.
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