51
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Lessons Learned from Two Decades of Modeling the Heat-Shock Response. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12111645. [DOI: 10.3390/biom12111645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The Heat Shock Response (HSR) is a highly conserved genetic system charged with protecting the proteome in a wide range of organisms and species. Experiments since the early 1980s have elucidated key elements in these pathways and revealed a canonical mode of regulation, which relies on a titration feedback. This system has been subject to substantial modeling work, addressing questions about resilience, design and control. The compact core regulatory circuit, as well as its apparent conservation, make this system an ideal ‘hydrogen atom’ model for the regulation of stress response. Here we take a broad view of the models of the HSR, focusing on the different questions asked and the approaches taken. After 20 years of modeling work, we ask what lessons had been learned that would have been hard to discover without mathematical models. We find that while existing models lay strong foundations, many important questions that can benefit from quantitative modeling are still awaiting investigation.
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52
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Papanagnou E, Gumeni S, Sklirou AD, Rafeletou A, Terpos E, Keklikoglou K, Kastritis E, Stamatelopoulos K, Sykiotis GP, Dimopoulos MA, Trougakos IP. Autophagy activation can partially rescue proteasome dysfunction-mediated cardiac toxicity. Aging Cell 2022; 21:e13715. [PMID: 36259256 PMCID: PMC9649605 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The ubiquitin-proteasome pathway and its functional interplay with other proteostatic and/or mitostatic modules are crucial for cell viability, especially in post-mitotic cells like cardiomyocytes, which are constantly exposed to proteotoxic, metabolic, and mechanical stress. Consistently, treatment of multiple myeloma patients with therapeutic proteasome inhibitors may induce cardiac failure; yet the effects promoted by heart-targeted proteasome dysfunction are not completely understood. We report here that heart-targeted proteasome knockdown in the fly experimental model results in increased proteome instability and defective mitostasis, leading to disrupted cardiac activity, systemic toxicity, and reduced longevity. These phenotypes were partially rescued by either heart targeted- or by dietary restriction-mediated activation of autophagy. Supportively, activation of autophagy by Rapamycin or Metformin administration in flies treated with proteasome inhibitors reduced proteome instability, partially restored mitochondrial function, mitigated cardiotoxicity, and improved flies' longevity. These findings suggest that autophagic inducers represent a novel promising intervention against proteasome inhibitor-induced cardiovascular complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleni‐Dimitra Papanagnou
- Department of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Faculty of BiologyNational and Kapodistrian University of AthensAthensGreece
| | - Sentiljana Gumeni
- Department of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Faculty of BiologyNational and Kapodistrian University of AthensAthensGreece
| | - Aimilia D. Sklirou
- Department of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Faculty of BiologyNational and Kapodistrian University of AthensAthensGreece
| | - Alexandra Rafeletou
- Department of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Faculty of BiologyNational and Kapodistrian University of AthensAthensGreece
| | - Evangelos Terpos
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, School of MedicineNational and Kapodistrian University of AthensAthensGreece
| | - Kleoniki Keklikoglou
- Institute of Marine Biology, Biotechnology and Aquaculture, Hellenic Centre for Marine Research (HCMR)CreteGreece,Biology DepartmentUniversity of CreteHeraklionGreece
| | - Efstathios Kastritis
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, School of MedicineNational and Kapodistrian University of AthensAthensGreece
| | - Kimon Stamatelopoulos
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, School of MedicineNational and Kapodistrian University of AthensAthensGreece
| | - Gerasimos P. Sykiotis
- Service of Endocrinology, Diabetology and MetabolismLausanne University Hospital and University of LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Meletios A. Dimopoulos
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, School of MedicineNational and Kapodistrian University of AthensAthensGreece
| | - Ioannis P. Trougakos
- Department of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Faculty of BiologyNational and Kapodistrian University of AthensAthensGreece
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53
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Servello FA, Fernandes R, Eder M, Harris N, Martin OMF, Oswal N, Lindberg A, Derosiers N, Sengupta P, Stroustrup N, Apfeld J. Neuronal temperature perception induces specific defenses that enable C. elegans to cope with the enhanced reactivity of hydrogen peroxide at high temperature. eLife 2022; 11:e78941. [PMID: 36226814 PMCID: PMC9635881 DOI: 10.7554/elife.78941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen peroxide is the most common reactive chemical that organisms face on the microbial battlefield. The rate with which hydrogen peroxide damages biomolecules required for life increases with temperature, yet little is known about how organisms cope with this temperature-dependent threat. Here, we show that Caenorhabditis elegans nematodes use temperature information perceived by sensory neurons to cope with the temperature-dependent threat of hydrogen peroxide produced by the pathogenic bacterium Enterococcus faecium. These nematodes preemptively induce the expression of specific hydrogen peroxide defenses in response to perception of high temperature by a pair of sensory neurons. These neurons communicate temperature information to target tissues expressing those defenses via an insulin/IGF1 hormone. This is the first example of a multicellular organism inducing their defenses to a chemical when they sense an inherent enhancer of the reactivity of that chemical.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rute Fernandes
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and TechnologyBarcelonaSpain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF)BarcelonaSpain
| | - Matthias Eder
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and TechnologyBarcelonaSpain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF)BarcelonaSpain
| | - Nathan Harris
- Department of Biology, Brandeis UniversityWalthamUnited States
| | - Olivier MF Martin
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and TechnologyBarcelonaSpain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF)BarcelonaSpain
| | - Natasha Oswal
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and TechnologyBarcelonaSpain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF)BarcelonaSpain
| | - Anders Lindberg
- Biology Department, Northeastern UniversityBostonUnited States
| | | | - Piali Sengupta
- Department of Biology, Brandeis UniversityWalthamUnited States
| | - Nicholas Stroustrup
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and TechnologyBarcelonaSpain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF)BarcelonaSpain
| | - Javier Apfeld
- Biology Department, Northeastern UniversityBostonUnited States
- Bioengineering Department, Northeastern UniversityBostonUnited States
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54
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Segref A, Vakkayil KL, Padvitski T, Li Q, Kroef V, Lormann J, Körner L, Finger F, Hoppe T. Thermosensation in Caenorhabditis elegans is linked to ubiquitin-dependent protein turnover via insulin and calcineurin signalling. Nat Commun 2022; 13:5874. [PMID: 36198694 PMCID: PMC9534930 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-33467-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Organismal physiology and survival are influenced by environmental conditions and linked to protein quality control. Proteome integrity is achieved by maintaining an intricate balance between protein folding and degradation. In Caenorhabditis elegans, acute heat stress determines cell non-autonomous regulation of chaperone levels. However, how the perception of environmental changes, including physiological temperature, affects protein degradation remains largely unexplored. Here, we show that loss-of-function of dyf-1 in Caenorhabditis elegans associated with dysfunctional sensory neurons leads to defects in both temperature perception and thermal adaptation of the ubiquitin/proteasome system centered on thermosensory AFD neurons. Impaired perception of moderate temperature changes worsens ubiquitin-dependent proteolysis in intestinal cells. Brain-gut communication regulating protein turnover is mediated by upregulation of the insulin-like peptide INS-5 and inhibition of the calcineurin-regulated forkhead-box transcription factor DAF-16/FOXO. Our data indicate that perception of ambient temperature and its neuronal integration is important for the control of proteome integrity in complex organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Segref
- Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, 50674, Cologne, Germany.
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany.
| | - Kavya L Vakkayil
- Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, 50674, Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Tsimafei Padvitski
- Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, 50674, Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Qiaochu Li
- Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, 50674, Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Virginia Kroef
- Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, 50674, Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jakob Lormann
- Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, 50674, Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Lioba Körner
- Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, 50674, Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Fabian Finger
- Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, 50674, Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thorsten Hoppe
- Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, 50674, Cologne, Germany.
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany.
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany.
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55
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Kishner M, Habaz L, Meshnik L, Meidan TD, Polonsky A, Ben-Zvi A. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone-like receptor 2 inversely regulates somatic proteostasis and reproduction in Caenorhabditis elegans. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:951199. [PMID: 36105349 PMCID: PMC9465036 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.951199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The quality control machinery regulates the cellular proteome to ensure proper protein homeostasis (proteostasis). In Caenorhabditis elegans, quality control networks are downregulated cell-nonautonomously by the gonadal longevity pathway or metabolic signaling at the onset of reproduction. However, how signals are mediated between the gonad and the somatic tissues is not known. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)-like signaling functions in the interplay between development and reproduction and have conserved roles in regulating reproduction, metabolism, and stress. We, therefore, asked whether GnRH-like signaling is involved in proteostasis collapse at the onset of reproduction. Here, we examine whether C. elegans orthologues of GnRH receptors modulate heat shock survival. We find that gnrr-2 is required for proteostasis remodeling in different somatic tissues during the transition to adulthood. We show that gnrr-2 likely functions in neurons downstream of the gonad in the gonadal-longevity pathway and modulate the somatic regulation of transcription factors HSF-1, DAF-16, and PQM-1. In parallel, gnrr-2 modulates egg-laying rates, vitellogenin production, and thus reproductive capacity. Taken together, our data suggest that gnrr-2 plays a GnRH-associated role, mediating the cross-talk between the reproduction system and the soma in the decision to commit to reproduction.
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56
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von Mikecz A. Exposome, Molecular Pathways and One Health: The Invertebrate Caenorhabditis elegans. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:9084. [PMID: 36012346 PMCID: PMC9409025 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23169084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to its preferred habitats in the environment, the free-living nematode Caenorhabditis elegans has become a realistic target organism for pollutants, including manufactured nanoparticles. In the laboratory, the invertebrate animal model represents a cost-effective tool to investigate the molecular mechanisms of the biological response to nanomaterials. With an estimated number of 22,000 coding genes and short life span of 2-3 weeks, the small worm is a giant when it comes to characterization of molecular pathways, long-term low dose pollutant effects and vulnerable age-groups. Here, we review (i) flows of manufactured nanomaterials and exposition of C. elegans in the environment, (ii) the track record of C. elegans in biomedical research, and (iii) its potential to contribute to the investigation of the exposome and bridge nanotoxicology between higher organisms, including humans. The role of C. elegans in the one health concept is taken one step further by proposing methods to sample wild nematodes and their molecular characterization by single worm proteomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna von Mikecz
- IUF-Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine GmbH, Auf'm Hennekamp 50, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany
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57
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Somogyvári M, Khatatneh S, Sőti C. Hsp90: From Cellular to Organismal Proteostasis. Cells 2022; 11:cells11162479. [PMID: 36010556 PMCID: PMC9406713 DOI: 10.3390/cells11162479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Assuring a healthy proteome is indispensable for survival and organismal health. Proteome disbalance and the loss of the proteostasis buffer are hallmarks of various diseases. The essential molecular chaperone Hsp90 is a regulator of the heat shock response via HSF1 and a stabilizer of a plethora of signaling proteins. In this review, we summarize the role of Hsp90 in the cellular and organismal regulation of proteome maintenance.
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58
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Lazaro-Pena MI, Ward ZC, Yang S, Strohm A, Merrill AK, Soto CA, Samuelson AV. HSF-1: Guardian of the Proteome Through Integration of Longevity Signals to the Proteostatic Network. FRONTIERS IN AGING 2022; 3:861686. [PMID: 35874276 PMCID: PMC9304931 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2022.861686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Discoveries made in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans revealed that aging is under genetic control. Since these transformative initial studies, C. elegans has become a premier model system for aging research. Critically, the genes, pathways, and processes that have fundamental roles in organismal aging are deeply conserved throughout evolution. This conservation has led to a wealth of knowledge regarding both the processes that influence aging and the identification of molecular and cellular hallmarks that play a causative role in the physiological decline of organisms. One key feature of age-associated decline is the failure of mechanisms that maintain proper function of the proteome (proteostasis). Here we highlight components of the proteostatic network that act to maintain the proteome and how this network integrates into major longevity signaling pathways. We focus in depth on the heat shock transcription factor 1 (HSF1), the central regulator of gene expression for proteins that maintain the cytosolic and nuclear proteomes, and a key effector of longevity signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria I. Lazaro-Pena
- Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Zachary C. Ward
- Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Sifan Yang
- Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
- Department of Biology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Alexandra Strohm
- Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
- Toxicology Training Program, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Alyssa K. Merrill
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
- Toxicology Training Program, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Celia A. Soto
- Department of Pathology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
- Cell Biology of Disease Graduate Program, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Andrew V. Samuelson
- Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
- *Correspondence: Andrew V. Samuelson,
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59
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Roy C, Molin L, Alcolei A, Solyga M, Bonneau B, Vachon C, Bessereau JL, Solari F. DAF-2/insulin IGF-1 receptor regulates motility during aging by integrating opposite signaling from muscle and neuronal tissues. Aging Cell 2022; 21:e13660. [PMID: 35808897 PMCID: PMC9381905 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
During aging, preservation of locomotion is generally considered an indicator of sustained good health, in elderlies and in animal models. In Caenorhabditis elegans, mutants of the insulin‐IGF‐1 receptor DAF2/IIRc represent a paradigm of healthy aging, as their increased lifespan is accompanied by a delay in age‐related loss of motility. Here, we investigated the DAF‐2/IIRc‐dependent relationship between longevity and motility using an auxin‐inducible degron to trigger tissue‐specific degradation of endogenous DAF‐2/IIRc. As previously reported, inactivation of DAF‐2/IIRc in neurons or intestine was sufficient to extend the lifespan of worms, whereas depletion in epidermis, germline, or muscle was not. However, neither intestinal nor neuronal depletion of DAF‐2/IIRc prevented the age‐related loss of motility. In 1‐day‐old adults, DAF‐2/IIRc depletion in neurons reduced motility in a DAF‐16/FOXO dependent manner, while muscle depletion had no effect. By contrast, DAF‐2 depletion in the muscle of middle‐age animals improved their motility independently of DAF‐16/FOXO but required UNC‐120/SRF. Yet, neuronal or muscle DAF‐2/IIRc depletion both preserved the mitochondria network in aging muscle. Overall, these results show that the motility pattern of daf‐2 mutants is determined by the sequential and opposing impact of neurons and muscle tissues and can be dissociated from the regulation of the lifespan. This work also provides the characterization of a versatile tool to analyze the tissue‐specific contribution of insulin‐like signaling in integrated phenotypes at the whole organism level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charline Roy
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS UMR5284, INSERMU1314, Institut NeuroMyoGène, MeLis, Lyon, France
| | - Laurent Molin
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS UMR5284, INSERMU1314, Institut NeuroMyoGène, MeLis, Lyon, France
| | - Allan Alcolei
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS UMR5284, INSERMU1314, Institut NeuroMyoGène, MeLis, Lyon, France
| | - Mathilde Solyga
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS UMR5284, INSERMU1314, Institut NeuroMyoGène, MeLis, Lyon, France
| | - Benjamin Bonneau
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS UMR5284, INSERMU1314, Institut NeuroMyoGène, MeLis, Lyon, France
| | - Camille Vachon
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS UMR5284, INSERMU1314, Institut NeuroMyoGène, MeLis, Lyon, France
| | - Jean-Louis Bessereau
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS UMR5284, INSERMU1314, Institut NeuroMyoGène, MeLis, Lyon, France
| | - Florence Solari
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS UMR5284, INSERMU1314, Institut NeuroMyoGène, MeLis, Lyon, France
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60
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Ferreira JV, da Rosa Soares A, Pereira P. Cell Non-autonomous Proteostasis Regulation in Aging and Disease. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:878296. [PMID: 35757551 PMCID: PMC9220288 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.878296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is a risk factor for a number of diseases, being the more notorious ones perhaps neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's. These and other age-related pathologies are often associated with accumulation of proteotoxic material inside cells, as well as with the accumulation of protein deposits extracellularly. It is widely accepted that this accumulation of toxic proteins trails a progressive decline in the mechanisms that regulate protein homeostasis, or proteostasis, during aging. However, despite significant efforts, the progress in terms of novel or improved therapies targeting accumulation of proteotoxic material has been rather limited. For example, clinical trials for new drugs aimed at treating Alzheimer's disease, by preventing accumulation of toxic proteins, have notoriously failed. On the other hand, it is becoming increasingly apparent that regulation of proteostasis is not a cell autonomous process. In fact, cells rely on complex transcellular networks to maintain tissue and organ homeostasis involving endocrine and paracrine signaling pathways. In this review we will discuss the impact of cell non-autonomous proteostasis mechanisms and their impact in aging and disease. We will focus on how transcellular proteostasis networks can shed new light into stablished paradigms about the aging of organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joao Vasco Ferreira
- Proteostasis and Intercellular Communication Lab, Chronic Diseases Research Centre (CEDOC), NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ana da Rosa Soares
- Proteostasis and Intercellular Communication Lab, Chronic Diseases Research Centre (CEDOC), NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Paulo Pereira
- Proteostasis and Intercellular Communication Lab, Chronic Diseases Research Centre (CEDOC), NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
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61
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Hodge F, Bajuszova V, van Oosten-Hawle P. The Intestine as a Lifespan- and Proteostasis-Promoting Signaling Tissue. FRONTIERS IN AGING 2022; 3:897741. [PMID: 35821863 PMCID: PMC9261303 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2022.897741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
In multicellular organisms such as Caenorhabditis elegans, cellular stress stimuli and responses are communicated between tissues to promote organismal health- and lifespan. The nervous system is the predominant regulator of cell nonautonomous proteostasis that orchestrates systemic stress responses to integrate both internal and external stimuli. This review highlights the role of the intestine in mediating cell nonautonomous stress responses and explores recent findings that suggest a central role for the intestine to regulate organismal proteostasis. As a tissue that receives and further transduces signals from the nervous system in response to dietary restriction, heat- and oxidative stress, and hypoxia, we explore evidence suggesting the intestine is a key regulatory organ itself. From the perspective of naturally occurring stressors such as dietary restriction and pathogen infection we highlight how the intestine can function as a key regulator of organismal proteostasis by integrating insulin/IGF-like signaling, miRNA-, neuropeptide- and metabolic signaling to alter distal tissue functions in promoting survival, health- and lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Patricija van Oosten-Hawle
- Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
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62
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Zhu A, Zheng F, Zhang W, Li L, Li Y, Hu H, Wu Y, Bao W, Li G, Wang Q, Li H. Oxidation and Antioxidation of Natural Products in the Model Organism Caenorhabditiselegans. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11040705. [PMID: 35453390 PMCID: PMC9029379 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11040705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural products are small molecules naturally produced by multiple sources such as plants, animals, fungi, bacteria and archaea. They exert both beneficial and detrimental effects by modulating biological targets and pathways involved in oxidative stress and antioxidant response. Natural products’ oxidative or antioxidative properties are usually investigated in preclinical experimental models, including virtual computing simulations, cell and tissue cultures, rodent and nonhuman primate animal models, and human studies. Due to the renewal of the concept of experimental animals, especially the popularization of alternative 3R methods for reduction, replacement and refinement, many assessment experiments have been carried out in new alternative models. The model organism Caenorhabditis elegans has been used for medical research since Sydney Brenner revealed its genetics in 1974 and has been introduced into pharmacology and toxicology in the past two decades. The data from C. elegans have been satisfactorily correlated with traditional experimental models. In this review, we summarize the advantages of C. elegans in assessing oxidative and antioxidative properties of natural products and introduce methods to construct an oxidative damage model in C. elegans. The biomarkers and signaling pathways involved in the oxidative stress of C. elegans are summarized, as well as the oxidation and antioxidation in target organs of the muscle, nervous, digestive and reproductive systems. This review provides an overview of the oxidative and antioxidative properties of natural products based on the model organism C. elegans.
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Affiliation(s)
- An Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350108, China; (Y.W.); (W.B.)
- Correspondence: (A.Z.); (G.L.); (Q.W.); (H.L.)
| | - Fuli Zheng
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350108, China; (F.Z.); (H.H.)
| | - Wenjing Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnostic and Traceability Technologies for Food Poisoning, Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing 100013, China;
| | - Ludi Li
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; (L.L.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yingzi Li
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; (L.L.); (Y.L.)
| | - Hong Hu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350108, China; (F.Z.); (H.H.)
| | - Yajiao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350108, China; (Y.W.); (W.B.)
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Wenqiang Bao
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350108, China; (Y.W.); (W.B.)
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Guojun Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnostic and Traceability Technologies for Food Poisoning, Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing 100013, China;
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
- Correspondence: (A.Z.); (G.L.); (Q.W.); (H.L.)
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; (L.L.); (Y.L.)
- Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Compatibility Toxicology, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Correspondence: (A.Z.); (G.L.); (Q.W.); (H.L.)
| | - Huangyuan Li
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350108, China; (F.Z.); (H.H.)
- The Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350108, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment Factors and Cancer, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350108, China
- Correspondence: (A.Z.); (G.L.); (Q.W.); (H.L.)
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63
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Regulation of Aging and Longevity by Ion Channels and Transporters. Cells 2022; 11:cells11071180. [PMID: 35406743 PMCID: PMC8997527 DOI: 10.3390/cells11071180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite significant advances in our understanding of the mechanisms that underlie age-related physiological decline, our ability to translate these insights into actionable strategies to extend human healthspan has been limited. One of the major reasons for the existence of this barrier is that with a few important exceptions, many of the proteins that mediate aging have proven to be undruggable. The argument put forth here is that the amenability of ion channels and transporters to pharmacological manipulation could be leveraged to develop novel therapeutic strategies to combat aging. This review delves into the established roles for ion channels and transporters in the regulation of aging and longevity via their influence on membrane excitability, Ca2+ homeostasis, mitochondrial and endolysosomal function, and the transduction of sensory stimuli. The goal is to provide the reader with an understanding of emergent themes, and prompt further investigation into how the activities of ion channels and transporters sculpt the trajectories of cellular and organismal aging.
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Bakrim WB, Nurcahyanti ADR, Dmirieh M, Mahdi I, Elgamal AM, El Raey MA, Wink M, Sobeh M. Phytochemical Profiling of the Leaf Extract of Ximenia americana var. caffra and Its Antioxidant, Antibacterial, and Antiaging Activities In Vitro and in Caenorhabditis elegans: A Cosmeceutical and Dermatological Approach. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:3486257. [PMID: 35387261 PMCID: PMC8979739 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3486257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
We previously annotated the phytochemical constituents of a root extract from Ximenia americana var. caffra and highlighted its hepatoprotective and hypoglycemic properties. We here extended our study on the leaf extract and identified its phytoconstituents using HPLC-PDA-ESI-MS/MS. In addition, we explored its antioxidant, antibacterial, and antiaging activities in vitro and in an animal model, Caenorhabditis elegans. Results from HPLC-PDA-ESI-MS/MS confirmed that the leaves contain 23 secondary metabolites consisting of condensed tannins, flavonol glycosides, flavone glycosides, and flavonol diglycosides. The leaf extract demonstrated significant antioxidant activity in vitro with IC50 value of 5 μg/mL in the DPPH assay and 18.32 μg/mL in the FRAP assay. It also inhibited four enzymes (collagenase, elastase, hyaluronidase, and tyrosinase) crucially involved in skin remodeling and aging processes with comparable activities to reference drugs along with four pure secondary metabolites identified from the extract. In accordance with the in vitro result, in vivo tests using two transgenic strains of C. elegans demonstrated its ability to reverse oxidative stress. Evidence included an increased survival rate in nematodes treated with the prooxidant juglone to 68.9% compared to the 24.8% in untreated worms and a reduced accumulation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) in a dose-dependent manner to 77.8%. The leaf extract also reduced levels of the expression of HSP 16.2 in a dose-dependent manner to 86.4%. Nuclear localization of the transcription factor DAF-16 was up to 10 times higher in worms treated with the leaf extract than in the untreated worms. The extract also inhibited the biofilm formation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (a pathogen in skin infections) and reduced the swimming and swarming mobilities in a dose-dependent fashion. In conclusion, leaves of X. americana are a promising candidate for preventing oxidative stress-induced conditions, including skin aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Widad Ben Bakrim
- AgroBioSciences, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Lot 660, Hay Moulay Rachid, Ben Guerir 43150, Morocco
- African Sustainable Agriculture Research Institute (ASARI), Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), Laayoune, Morocco
| | - Agustina Dwi Retno Nurcahyanti
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Pluit Raya 2, 14440 Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Malak Dmirieh
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 364, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ismail Mahdi
- AgroBioSciences, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Lot 660, Hay Moulay Rachid, Ben Guerir 43150, Morocco
| | - Abdelbaset M. Elgamal
- Department of Chemistry of Microbial and Natural Products, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo 12622, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A. El Raey
- Department of Phytochemistry and Plant Systematics, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo 12622, Egypt
| | - Michael Wink
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 364, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mansour Sobeh
- AgroBioSciences, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Lot 660, Hay Moulay Rachid, Ben Guerir 43150, Morocco
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65
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Vakkayil KL, Hoppe T. Temperature-Dependent Regulation of Proteostasis and Longevity. FRONTIERS IN AGING 2022; 3:853588. [PMID: 35821840 PMCID: PMC9261408 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2022.853588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Temperature is an important environmental condition that determines the physiology and behavior of all organisms. Animals use different response strategies to adapt and survive fluctuations in ambient temperature. The hermaphrodite Caenorhabditis elegans has a well-studied neuronal network consisting of 302 neurons. The bilateral AFD neurons are the primary thermosensory neurons in the nematode. In addition to regulating thermosensitivity, AFD neurons also coordinate cellular stress responses through systemic mechanisms involving neuroendocrine signaling. Recent studies have examined the effects of temperature on altering various signaling pathways through specific gene expression programs that promote stress resistance and longevity. These studies challenge the proposed theories of temperature-dependent regulation of aging as a passive thermodynamic process. Instead, they provide evidence that aging is a well-defined genetic program. Loss of protein homeostasis (proteostasis) is one of the key hallmarks of aging. Indeed, proteostasis pathways, such as the heat shock response and aggregation of metastable proteins, are also controlled by thermosensory neurons in C. elegans. Prolonged heat stress is thought to play a critical role in the development of neurodegenerative protein misfolding diseases in humans. This review presents the latest evidence on how temperature coordinates proteostasis and aging. It also discusses how studies of poikilothermic organisms can be applied to vertebrates and provides new therapeutic strategies for human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kavya Leo Vakkayil
- Institute for Genetics and Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Thorsten Hoppe
- Institute for Genetics and Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- *Correspondence: Thorsten Hoppe,
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66
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Dutta N, Garcia G, Higuchi-Sanabria R. Hijacking Cellular Stress Responses to Promote Lifespan. FRONTIERS IN AGING 2022; 3:860404. [PMID: 35821861 PMCID: PMC9261414 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2022.860404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Organisms are constantly exposed to stress both from the external environment and internally within the cell. To maintain cellular homeostasis under different environmental and physiological conditions, cell have adapted various stress response signaling pathways, such as the heat shock response (HSR), unfolded protein responses of the mitochondria (UPRMT), and the unfolded protein response of the endoplasmic reticulum (UPRER). As cells grow older, all cellular stress responses have been shown to deteriorate, which is a major cause for the physiological consequences of aging and the development of numerous age-associated diseases. In contrast, elevated stress responses are often associated with lifespan extension and amelioration of degenerative diseases in different model organisms, including C. elegans. Activating cellular stress response pathways could be considered as an effective intervention to alleviate the burden of aging by restoring function of essential damage-clearing machinery, including the ubiquitin-proteosome system, chaperones, and autophagy. Here, we provide an overview of newly emerging concepts of these stress response pathways in healthy aging and longevity with a focus on the model organism, C. elegans.
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67
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Zhang WH, Koyuncu S, Vilchez D. Insights Into the Links Between Proteostasis and Aging From C. elegans. FRONTIERS IN AGING 2022; 3:854157. [PMID: 35821832 PMCID: PMC9261386 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2022.854157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 04/20/2023]
Abstract
Protein homeostasis (proteostasis) is maintained by a tightly regulated and interconnected network of biological pathways, preventing the accumulation and aggregation of damaged or misfolded proteins. Thus, the proteostasis network is essential to ensure organism longevity and health, while proteostasis failure contributes to the development of aging and age-related diseases that involve protein aggregation. The model organism Caenorhabditis elegans has proved invaluable for the study of proteostasis in the context of aging, longevity and disease, with a number of pivotal discoveries attributable to the use of this organism. In this review, we discuss prominent findings from C. elegans across the many key aspects of the proteostasis network, within the context of aging and disease. These studies collectively highlight numerous promising therapeutic targets, which may 1 day facilitate the development of interventions to delay aging and prevent age-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Hongyu Zhang
- Cologne Excellence Cluster for Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Seda Koyuncu
- Cologne Excellence Cluster for Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - David Vilchez
- Cologne Excellence Cluster for Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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68
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Alagar Boopathy LR, Jacob-Tomas S, Alecki C, Vera M. Mechanisms tailoring the expression of heat shock proteins to proteostasis challenges. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:101796. [PMID: 35248532 PMCID: PMC9065632 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.101796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
All cells possess an internal stress response to cope with environmental and pathophysiological challenges. Upon stress, cells reprogram their molecular functions to activate a survival mechanism known as the heat shock response, which mediates the rapid induction of molecular chaperones such as the heat shock proteins (HSPs). This potent production overcomes the general suppression of gene expression and results in high levels of HSPs to subsequently refold or degrade misfolded proteins. Once the damage or stress is repaired or removed, cells terminate the production of HSPs and resume regular functions. Thus, fulfillment of the stress response requires swift and robust coordination between stress response activation and completion that is determined by the status of the cell. In recent years, single-cell fluorescence microscopy techniques have begun to be used in unravelling HSP-gene expression pathways, from DNA transcription to mRNA degradation. In this review, we will address the molecular mechanisms in different organisms and cell types that coordinate the expression of HSPs with signaling networks that act to reprogram gene transcription, mRNA translation, and decay and ensure protein quality control.
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69
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Bouchama A, Abuyassin B, Lehe C, Laitano O, Jay O, O'Connor FG, Leon LR. Classic and exertional heatstroke. Nat Rev Dis Primers 2022; 8:8. [PMID: 35115565 DOI: 10.1038/s41572-021-00334-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 194] [Impact Index Per Article: 64.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
In the past two decades, record-breaking heatwaves have caused an increasing number of heat-related deaths, including heatstroke, globally. Heatstroke is a heat illness characterized by the rapid rise of core body temperature above 40 °C and central nervous system dysfunction. It is categorized as classic when it results from passive exposure to extreme environmental heat and as exertional when it develops during strenuous exercise. Classic heatstroke occurs in epidemic form and contributes to 9-37% of heat-related fatalities during heatwaves. Exertional heatstroke sporadically affects predominantly young and healthy individuals. Under intensive care, mortality reaches 26.5% and 63.2% in exertional and classic heatstroke, respectively. Pathological studies disclose endothelial cell injury, inflammation, widespread thrombosis and bleeding in most organs. Survivors of heatstroke may experience long-term neurological and cardiovascular complications with a persistent risk of death. No specific therapy other than rapid cooling is available. Physiological and morphological factors contribute to the susceptibility to heatstroke. Future research should identify genetic factors that further describe individual heat illness risk and form the basis of precision-based public health response. Prioritizing research towards fundamental mechanism and diagnostic biomarker discovery is crucial for the design of specific management approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abderrezak Bouchama
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Experimental Medicine Department, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of National Guard - Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Bisher Abuyassin
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Experimental Medicine Department, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of National Guard - Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Cynthia Lehe
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Experimental Medicine Department, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of National Guard - Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Orlando Laitano
- Department of Nutrition & Integrative Physiology, College of Health and Human Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Ollie Jay
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Francis G O'Connor
- Military and Emergency Medicine, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Lisa R Leon
- Thermal and Mountain Medicine Division, United States Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, Massachusetts, USA
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70
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Chauve L, Hodge F, Murdoch S, Masoudzadeh F, Mann HJ, Lopez-Clavijo AF, Okkenhaug H, West G, Sousa BC, Segonds-Pichon A, Li C, Wingett SW, Kienberger H, Kleigrewe K, de Bono M, Wakelam MJO, Casanueva O. Neuronal HSF-1 coordinates the propagation of fat desaturation across tissues to enable adaptation to high temperatures in C. elegans. PLoS Biol 2021; 19:e3001431. [PMID: 34723964 PMCID: PMC8585009 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3001431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
To survive elevated temperatures, ectotherms adjust the fluidity of membranes by fine-tuning lipid desaturation levels in a process previously described to be cell autonomous. We have discovered that, in Caenorhabditis elegans, neuronal heat shock factor 1 (HSF-1), the conserved master regulator of the heat shock response (HSR), causes extensive fat remodeling in peripheral tissues. These changes include a decrease in fat desaturase and acid lipase expression in the intestine and a global shift in the saturation levels of plasma membrane's phospholipids. The observed remodeling of plasma membrane is in line with ectothermic adaptive responses and gives worms a cumulative advantage to warm temperatures. We have determined that at least 6 TAX-2/TAX-4 cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) gated channel expressing sensory neurons, and transforming growth factor ß (TGF-β)/bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) are required for signaling across tissues to modulate fat desaturation. We also find neuronal hsf-1 is not only sufficient but also partially necessary to control the fat remodeling response and for survival at warm temperatures. This is the first study to show that a thermostat-based mechanism can cell nonautonomously coordinate membrane saturation and composition across tissues in a multicellular animal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laetitia Chauve
- Epigenetics Department, Babraham Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Francesca Hodge
- Epigenetics Department, Babraham Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Sharlene Murdoch
- Epigenetics Department, Babraham Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | | | - Greg West
- Babraham Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Cheryl Li
- Epigenetics Department, Babraham Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Karin Kleigrewe
- Bavarian Centre for Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry, Freising, Germany
| | - Mario de Bono
- Institute of Science and Technology, Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | | | - Olivia Casanueva
- Epigenetics Department, Babraham Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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71
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Zhou L, Tong H, Tang H, Pang S. Fatty acid desaturation is essential for C. elegans longevity at high temperature. Mech Ageing Dev 2021; 200:111586. [PMID: 34655615 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2021.111586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming is crucial for the adaptation to environmental temperature stress. It is generally accepted that fatty acid (FA) desaturation is suppressed at high temperature, which decreases the ratio of unsaturated FAs to saturated FAs (UFAs/SFAs) to maintain the fluidity of cell membranes and favor cellular survival. Here by working in C. elegans, we found that FA desaturation is essential for longevity in response to temperature upshift at the organismal level, opposite to its role in cellular survival. High temperature unexpectedly increases the contents of total fat and multiple UFA species. Specifically, monounsaturated oleic acid (OA) is required for animal survival at high temperature. Mechanistic study showed that OA acts through HSF-1, which in turn promotes histone acetylation as well as the expression of defense genes that are crucial for longevity at high temperature. Together, our findings reveal an unprecedented role for FA desaturation in organismal fitness to temperature upshift, and implicate divergent metabolic requirements between cellular and organismal survival upon temperature stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhou
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, China; State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Haixiang Tong
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, China
| | - Haiqing Tang
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, China.
| | - Shanshan Pang
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, China.
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72
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Pagliuso DC, Bodas DM, Pasquinelli AE. Recovery from heat shock requires the microRNA pathway in Caenorhabditis elegans. PLoS Genet 2021; 17:e1009734. [PMID: 34351906 PMCID: PMC8370650 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1009734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The heat shock response (HSR) is a highly conserved cellular process that promotes survival during stress. A hallmark of the HSR is the rapid induction of heat shock proteins (HSPs), such as HSP-70, by transcriptional activation. Once the stress is alleviated, HSPs return to near basal levels through incompletely understood mechanisms. Here, we show that the microRNA pathway acts during heat shock recovery in Caenorhabditis elegans. Depletion of the miRNA Argonaute, Argonaute Like Gene 1 (ALG-1), after an episode of heat shock resulted in decreased survival and perdurance of high hsp-70 levels. We present evidence that regulation of hsp-70 is dependent on miR-85 and sequences in the hsp-70 3’UTR that contain target sites for this miRNA. Regulation of hsp-70 by the miRNA pathway was found to be particularly important during recovery from HS, as animals that lacked miR-85 or its target sites in the hsp-70 3’UTR overexpressed HSP-70 and exhibited reduced viability. In summary, our findings show that down-regulation of hsp-70 by miR-85 after HS promotes survival, highlighting a previously unappreciated role for the miRNA pathway during recovery from stress. In the natural world, organisms constantly face stressful conditions such as oxidative stress, pathogen infection, starvation and heat stress. While many studies have focused on the cellular response to stress, less is known about how gene expression re-sets after the stress has been ameliorated. Here, we show that the microRNA pathway plays a critical role during the recovery phase after an episode of heat shock in the nematode, Caenorhabditis elegans. Elevated temperatures induce high expression of heat shock proteins (HSPs), including HSP-70, that provide protection from the damaging effects of high heat. We found that restoration of basal levels of HSP-70 after heat shock depends on Argonaute Like Gene 1 and miR-85. Moreover, loss of miRNA-mediated repression of HSP-70 results in compromised survival following heat shock. Our study draws attention to the recovery phase of the heat shock response and highlights an important role for the microRNA pathway in re-establishing gene expression programs needed for organismal viability post stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delaney C. Pagliuso
- Division of Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Devavrat M. Bodas
- Division of Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Amy E. Pasquinelli
- Division of Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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73
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The regulation of animal behavior by cellular stress responses. Exp Cell Res 2021; 405:112720. [PMID: 34217715 PMCID: PMC8363813 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2021.112720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Cellular stress responses exist to detect the effects of stress on cells, and to activate protective mechanisms that promote resilience. As well as acting at the cellular level, stress response pathways can also regulate whole organism responses to stress. One way in which animals facilitate their survival in stressful environments is through behavioral adaptation; this review considers the evidence that activation of cellular stress responses plays an important role in mediating the changes to behavior that promote organismal survival upon stress.
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74
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Aranda-Anzaldo A, Dent MAR. Is cancer a disease set up by cellular stress responses? Cell Stress Chaperones 2021; 26:597-609. [PMID: 34031811 PMCID: PMC8275745 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-021-01214-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 09/29/2022] Open
Abstract
For several decades, the somatic mutation theory (SMT) has been the dominant paradigm on cancer research, leading to the textbook notion that cancer is fundamentally a genetic disease. However, recent discoveries indicate that mutations, including "oncogenic" ones, are widespread in normal somatic cells, suggesting that mutations may be necessary but not sufficient for cancer to develop. Indeed, a fundamental but as yet unanswered question is whether or not the first step in oncogenesis corresponds to a mutational event. On the other hand, for some time, it has been acknowledged the important role in cancer progression of molecular processes that participate in buffering cellular stress. However, their role is considered secondary or complementary to that of putative oncogenic mutations. Here we present and discuss evidence that cancer may have its origin in epigenetic processes associated with cellular adaptation to stressful conditions, and so it could be a direct consequence of stress-buffering mechanisms that allow cells with aberrant phenotypes (not necessarily associated with genetic mutations) to survive and propagate within the organism. We put forward the hypothesis that there would be an inverse correlation between the activation threshold of the cellular stress responses (CSRs) and the risk of cancer, so that species or individuals with low-threshold CSRs will display a higher incidence or risk of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armando Aranda-Anzaldo
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular y Neurociencias, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Paseo Tollocan y Jesús Carranza s/n, Toluca, 50180, Edo. Méx, México.
| | - Myrna A R Dent
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular y Neurociencias, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Paseo Tollocan y Jesús Carranza s/n, Toluca, 50180, Edo. Méx, México
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75
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Chen LT, Lin CT, Lin LY, Hsu JM, Wu YC, Pan CL. Neuronal mitochondrial dynamics coordinate systemic mitochondrial morphology and stress response to confer pathogen resistance in C. elegans. Dev Cell 2021; 56:1770-1785.e12. [PMID: 33984269 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2021.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial functions across different tissues are regulated in a coordinated fashion to optimize the fitness of an organism. Mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPRmt) can be nonautonomously elicited by mitochondrial perturbation in neurons, but neuronal signals that propagate such response and its physiological significance remain incompletely understood. Here, we show that in C. elegans, loss of neuronal fzo-1/mitofusin induces nonautonomous UPRmt through multiple neurotransmitters and neurohormones, including acetylcholine, serotonin, glutamate, tyramine, and insulin-like peptides. Neuronal fzo-1 depletion also triggers nonautonomous mitochondrial fragmentation, which requires autophagy and mitophagy genes. Systemic activation of UPRmt and mitochondrial fragmentation in C. elegans via perturbing neuronal mitochondrial dynamics improves resistance to pathogenic Pseudomonas infection, which is supported by transcriptomic signatures of immunity and stress-response genes. We propose that C. elegans surveils neuronal mitochondrial dynamics to coordinate systemic UPRmt and mitochondrial connectivity for pathogen defense and optimized survival under bacterial infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Tzu Chen
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, No.7 Chung-Shan South Road, Taipei 10002, Taiwan; Center of Precision Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, No.7 Chung-Shan South Road, Taipei 10002, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ta Lin
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, No.7 Chung-Shan South Road, Taipei 10002, Taiwan
| | - Liang-Yi Lin
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, No.7 Chung-Shan South Road, Taipei 10002, Taiwan
| | - Jiun-Min Hsu
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, No.7 Chung-Shan South Road, Taipei 10002, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chun Wu
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, No.7 Chung-Shan South Road, Taipei 10002, Taiwan; Center of Precision Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, No.7 Chung-Shan South Road, Taipei 10002, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Liang Pan
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, No.7 Chung-Shan South Road, Taipei 10002, Taiwan; Center of Precision Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, No.7 Chung-Shan South Road, Taipei 10002, Taiwan.
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76
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Bennett HL, McClanahan PD, Fang-Yen C, Kalb RG. Preconditioning of Caenorhabditis elegans to anoxic insult by inactivation of cholinergic, GABAergic and muscle activity. GENES, BRAIN, AND BEHAVIOR 2021; 20:e12713. [PMID: 33155386 DOI: 10.1111/gbb.12713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
For most metazoans, oxygen deprivation leads to cell dysfunction and if severe, death. Sublethal stress prior to a hypoxic or anoxic insult ("preconditioning") can protect cells from subsequent oxygen deprivation. The molecular mechanisms by which sublethal stress can buffer against a subsequent toxic insult and the role of the nervous system in the response are not well understood. We studied the role of neuronal activity preconditioning to oxygen deprivation in Caenorhabditis elegans. Animals expressing the histamine gated chloride channels (HisCl1) in select cell populations were used to temporally and spatially inactivate the nervous system or tissue prior to an anoxic insult. We find that inactivation of the nervous system for 3 h prior to the insult confers resistance to a 48-h anoxic insult in 4th-stage larval animals. Experiments show that this resistance can be attributed to loss of activity in cholinergic and GABAergic neurons as well as in body wall muscles. These observations indicate that the nervous system activity can mediate the organism's response to anoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather L Bennett
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neurology, Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Biology, Reem-Kayden Center for Science and Computation, Bard College, New York, New York, USA
| | - Patrick D McClanahan
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Christopher Fang-Yen
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Robert G Kalb
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neurology, Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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77
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Zhang X, Ma C, Sun L, He Z, Feng Y, Li X, Gan J, Chen X. Effect of policosanol from insect wax on amyloid β-peptide-induced toxicity in a transgenic Caenorhabditis elegans model of Alzheimer's disease. BMC Complement Med Ther 2021; 21:103. [PMID: 33785017 PMCID: PMC8011155 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-021-03278-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD), an age-related neurodegenerative disorder and a serious public health concern, is mainly caused by β-amyloid (Aβ)-induced toxicity. Currently, a limited number of drugs are effective against AD, and only a few are used for its treatment. According to traditional Chinese medicine, white wax is mainly composed of policosanol, hexacosanol, and octacosanol. Policosanol has been shown to reduce lipid levels in blood and alleviate the symptoms associated with diabetic complications and neurodegenerative disorders, such as Parkinson's disease and AD. However, the efficacy of policosanol depends on the purity and composition of the preparation, and the therapeutic efficacy of policosanol derived from insect wax (PIW) in AD is unknown. METHODS Here, we identified the main components of PIW and investigated the effects of PIW on Aβ-induced toxicity and life-span in a transgenic Caenorhabditis elegans model of AD, CL4176. Furthermore, we estimated the expression of amyloid precursor-like protein (apl-1) and the genes involved in various pathways associated with longevity and alleviation of AD-related symptoms in PIW-fed CL4176. RESULTS PIW mainly consists of tetracosanol, hexacosanol, octacosanol, and triacontanol; it could decrease the Aβ-induced paralysis rate from 86.87 to 66.97% (P < 0.01) and extend the life-span from 6.2 d to 7.8 d (P < 0.001) in CL4176 worms. Furthermore, PIW downregulated apl-1, a gene known to be associated with the levels of Aβ deposits in C. elegans. Additionally, our results showed that PIW modulated the expression of genes associated with longevity-related pathways such as heat shock response, anti-oxidative stress, and glutamine cysteine synthetase. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that PIW may be a potential therapeutic agent for the prevention and treatment of AD. However, its effects on murine models and patients with AD need to be explored further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Cultivating and Utilization of Resource Insects of State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Resource Insects, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Kunming, 650224, China
| | - Chenjing Ma
- The Key Laboratory of Cultivating and Utilization of Resource Insects of State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Resource Insects, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Kunming, 650224, China
| | - Long Sun
- The Key Laboratory of Cultivating and Utilization of Resource Insects of State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Resource Insects, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Kunming, 650224, China
| | - Zhao He
- The Key Laboratory of Cultivating and Utilization of Resource Insects of State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Resource Insects, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Kunming, 650224, China
| | - Ying Feng
- The Key Laboratory of Cultivating and Utilization of Resource Insects of State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Resource Insects, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Kunming, 650224, China.
| | - Xian Li
- The Key Laboratory of Cultivating and Utilization of Resource Insects of State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Resource Insects, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Kunming, 650224, China
| | - Jin Gan
- The Key Laboratory of Cultivating and Utilization of Resource Insects of State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Resource Insects, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Kunming, 650224, China
| | - Xiaoming Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Cultivating and Utilization of Resource Insects of State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Resource Insects, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Kunming, 650224, China
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78
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Modulating the Heat Stress Response to Improve Hyperthermia-Based Anticancer Treatments. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13061243. [PMID: 33808973 PMCID: PMC8001574 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13061243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Hyperthermia is a method to expose a tumor to elevated temperatures. Heating of the tumor promotes the effects of various treatment regimens that are based on chemo and radiotherapy. Several aspects, however, limit the efficacy of hyperthermia-based treatments. This review provides an overview of the effects and limitations of hyperthermia and discusses how current drawbacks of the therapy can potentially be counteracted by inhibiting the heat stress response—a mechanism that cells activate to defend themselves against hyperthermia. Abstract Cancer treatments based on mild hyperthermia (39–43 °C, HT) are applied to a widening range of cancer types, but several factors limit their efficacy and slow down more widespread adoption. These factors include difficulties in adequate heat delivery, a short therapeutic window and the acquisition of thermotolerance by cancer cells. Here, we explore the biological effects of HT, the cellular responses to these effects and their clinically-relevant consequences. We then identify the heat stress response—the cellular defense mechanism that detects and counteracts the effects of heat—as one of the major forces limiting the efficacy of HT-based therapies and propose targeting this mechanism as a potentially universal strategy for improving their efficacy.
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79
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Hetz C. Adapting the proteostasis capacity to sustain brain healthspan. Cell 2021; 184:1545-1560. [PMID: 33691137 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2021.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Sustaining neuronal proteostasis during the course of our life is a central aspect required for brain function. The dynamic nature of synaptic composition and abundance is a requisite to drive cognitive and motor processes involving a tight control of many aspects of protein biosynthesis and degradation. Through the concerted action of specialized stress sensors, the proteostasis network monitors and limits the accumulation of damaged, misfolded, or aggregated proteins. These stress pathways signal to the cytosol and nucleus to reprogram gene expression, enabling adaptive programs to recover cell function. During aging, the activity of the proteostasis network declines, which may increase the risk of accumulating abnormal protein aggregates, a hallmark of most neurodegenerative diseases. Here, I discuss emerging concepts illustrating the functional significance of adaptive signaling pathways to normal brain physiology and their contribution to age-related disorders. Pharmacological and gene therapy strategies to intervene and boost proteostasis are expected to extend brain healthspan and ameliorate disease states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Hetz
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile; Center for Geroscience, Brain Health and Metabolism, Santiago, Chile; Program of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile; Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA, USA.
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80
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Abstract
In its natural habitat, C. elegans encounters a wide variety of microbes, including food, commensals and pathogens. To be able to survive long enough to reproduce, C. elegans has developed a complex array of responses to pathogens. These activities are coordinated on scales that range from individual organelles to the entire organism. Often, the response is triggered within cells, by detection of infection-induced damage, mainly in the intestine or epidermis. C. elegans has, however, a capacity for cell non-autonomous regulation of these responses. This frequently involves the nervous system, integrating pathogen recognition, altering host biology and governing avoidance behavior. Although there are significant differences with the immune system of mammals, some mechanisms used to limit pathogenesis show remarkable phylogenetic conservation. The past 20 years have witnessed an explosion of host-pathogen interaction studies using C. elegans as a model. This review will discuss the broad themes that have emerged and highlight areas that remain to be fully explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Céline N Martineau
- Aix Marseille Université, Inserm, CNRS, CIML, Turing Centre for Living Systems, Marseille, France
| | | | - Nathalie Pujol
- Aix Marseille Université, Inserm, CNRS, CIML, Turing Centre for Living Systems, Marseille, France.
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81
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Joshi KK, Matlack TL, Pyonteck S, Vora M, Menzel R, Rongo C. Biogenic amine neurotransmitters promote eicosanoid production and protein homeostasis. EMBO Rep 2021; 22:e51063. [PMID: 33470040 PMCID: PMC7926251 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202051063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Metazoans use protein homeostasis (proteostasis) pathways to respond to adverse physiological conditions, changing environment, and aging. The nervous system regulates proteostasis in different tissues, but the mechanism is not understood. Here, we show that Caenorhabditis elegans employs biogenic amine neurotransmitters to regulate ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) proteostasis in epithelia. Mutants for biogenic amine synthesis show decreased poly-ubiquitination and turnover of a GFP-based UPS substrate. Using RNA-seq and mass spectrometry, we found that biogenic amines promote eicosanoid production from poly-unsaturated fats (PUFAs) by regulating expression of cytochrome P450 monooxygenases. Mutants for one of these P450s share the same UPS phenotype observed in biogenic amine mutants. The production of n-6 eicosanoids is required for UPS substrate turnover, whereas accumulation of n-6 eicosanoids accelerates turnover. Our results suggest that sensory neurons secrete biogenic amines to modulate lipid signaling, which in turn activates stress response pathways to maintain UPS proteostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kishore K Joshi
- Department of GeneticsThe Waksman InstituteRutgers The State University of New JerseyPiscatawayNJUSA
| | - Tarmie L Matlack
- Department of GeneticsThe Waksman InstituteRutgers The State University of New JerseyPiscatawayNJUSA
| | - Stephanie Pyonteck
- Department of GeneticsThe Waksman InstituteRutgers The State University of New JerseyPiscatawayNJUSA
| | - Mehul Vora
- Department of GeneticsThe Waksman InstituteRutgers The State University of New JerseyPiscatawayNJUSA
| | - Ralph Menzel
- Institute of Biology and EcologyHumboldt University BerlinBerlinGermany
| | - Christopher Rongo
- Department of GeneticsThe Waksman InstituteRutgers The State University of New JerseyPiscatawayNJUSA
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82
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Deonarine A, Walker MWG, Westerheide SD. HSF-1 displays nuclear stress body formation in multiple tissues in Caenorhabditis elegans upon stress and following the transition to adulthood. Cell Stress Chaperones 2021; 26:417-431. [PMID: 33392968 PMCID: PMC7925714 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-020-01188-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The transcription factor heat shock factor-1 (HSF-1) regulates the heat shock response (HSR), a cytoprotective response induced by proteotoxic stresses. Data from model organisms has shown that HSF-1 also has non-stress biological roles, including roles in the regulation of development and longevity. To better study HSF-1 function, we created a C. elegans strain containing HSF-1 tagged with GFP at its endogenous locus utilizing CRISPR/Cas9-guided transgenesis. We show that the HSF-1::GFP CRISPR worm strain behaves similarly to wildtype worms in response to heat and other stresses, and in other physiological processes. HSF-1 was expressed in all tissues assayed. Immediately following the initiation of reproduction, HSF-1 formed nuclear stress bodies, a hallmark of activation, throughout the germline. Upon the transition to adulthood, of HSF-1 nuclear stress bodies appeared in most somatic cells. Genetic loss of the germline suppressed nuclear stress body formation with age, suggesting that the germline influences HSF-1 activity. Interestingly, we found that various neurons did not form nuclear stress bodies after transitioning to adulthood. Therefore, the formation of HSF-1 nuclear stress bodies upon the transition to adulthood does not occur in a synchronous manner in all cell types. In sum, these studies enhance our knowledge of the expression and activity of the aging and proteostasis factor HSF-1 in a tissue-specific manner with age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Deonarine
- Department of Cell Biology, Microbiology and Molecular Biology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620 USA
| | - Matt W. G. Walker
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027 USA
| | - Sandy D. Westerheide
- Department of Cell Biology, Microbiology and Molecular Biology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620 USA
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83
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Build-UPS and break-downs: metabolism impacts on proteostasis and aging. Cell Death Differ 2021; 28:505-521. [PMID: 33398091 PMCID: PMC7862225 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-020-00682-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Perturbation of metabolism elicits cellular stress which profoundly modulates the cellular proteome and thus protein homeostasis (proteostasis). Consequently, changes in the cellular proteome due to metabolic shift require adaptive mechanisms by molecular protein quality control. The mechanisms vitally controlling proteostasis embrace the entire life cycle of a protein involving translational control at the ribosome, chaperone-assisted native folding, and subcellular sorting as well as proteolysis by the proteasome or autophagy. While metabolic imbalance and proteostasis decline have been recognized as hallmarks of aging and age-associated diseases, both processes are largely considered independently. Here, we delineate how proteome stability is governed by insulin/IGF1 signaling (IIS), mechanistic target of Rapamycin (TOR), 5′ adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), and NAD-dependent deacetylases (Sir2-like proteins known as sirtuins). This comprehensive overview is emphasizing the regulatory interconnection between central metabolic pathways and proteostasis, indicating the relevance of shared signaling nodes as targets for future therapeutic interventions. ![]()
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84
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Wu YC, Chiang YC, Chou SH, Pan CL. Wnt signalling and endocytosis: Mechanisms, controversies and implications for stress responses. Biol Cell 2020; 113:95-106. [PMID: 33253438 DOI: 10.1111/boc.202000099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Wnt signalling is one of a few conserved pathways that control diverse aspects of development and morphogenesis in all metazoan species. Endocytosis is a key mechanism that regulates the secretion and graded extracellular distribution of Wnt glycoproteins from the source cells, as well as Wnt signal transduction in the receiving cells. However, controversies exist regarding the requirement of clathrin-dependent endocytosis in Wnt signalling. Various lines of evidence from recent studies suggest that Wnt-β-catenin signalling is also involved in the regulation of cellular stress responses in adulthood, a role that is beyond its canonical functions in animal development. In this review, we summarise recent advances in the molecular and cellular mechanisms by which endocytosis modulates Wnt signalling. We also discuss how Wnt signalling could be repurposed to regulate mitochondrial stress response in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chun Wu
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Center for Precision Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yueh-Chen Chiang
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Center for Precision Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Hua Chou
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Center for Precision Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Liang Pan
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Center for Precision Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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85
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Miller HA, Dean ES, Pletcher SD, Leiser SF. Cell non-autonomous regulation of health and longevity. eLife 2020; 9:62659. [PMID: 33300870 PMCID: PMC7728442 DOI: 10.7554/elife.62659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
As the demographics of the modern world skew older, understanding and mitigating the effects of aging is increasingly important within biomedical research. Recent studies in model organisms demonstrate that the aging process is frequently modified by an organism’s ability to perceive and respond to changes in its environment. Many well-studied pathways that influence aging involve sensory cells, frequently neurons, that signal to peripheral tissues and promote survival during the presence of stress. Importantly, this activation of stress response pathways is often sufficient to improve health and longevity even in the absence of stress. Here, we review the current landscape of research highlighting the importance of cell non-autonomous signaling in modulating aging from C. elegans to mammals. We also discuss emerging concepts including retrograde signaling, approaches to mapping these networks, and development of potential therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hillary A Miller
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, United States
| | - Elizabeth S Dean
- Molecular & Integrative Physiology Department, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, United States
| | - Scott D Pletcher
- Molecular & Integrative Physiology Department, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, United States
| | - Scott F Leiser
- Molecular & Integrative Physiology Department, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, United States.,Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, United States
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86
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Higuchi-Sanabria R, Durieux J, Kelet N, Homentcovschi S, de Los Rios Rogers M, Monshietehadi S, Garcia G, Dallarda S, Daniele JR, Ramachandran V, Sahay A, Tronnes SU, Joe L, Dillin A. Divergent Nodes of Non-autonomous UPR ER Signaling through Serotonergic and Dopaminergic Neurons. Cell Rep 2020; 33:108489. [PMID: 33296657 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.108489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In multicellular organisms, neurons integrate a diverse array of external cues to affect downstream changes in organismal health. Specifically, activation of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) unfolded protein response (UPRER) in neurons increases lifespan by preventing age-onset loss of ER proteostasis and driving lipid depletion in a cell non-autonomous manner. The mechanism of this communication is dependent on the release of small clear vesicles from neurons. We find dopaminergic neurons are necessary and sufficient for activation of cell non-autonomous UPRER to drive lipid depletion in peripheral tissues, whereas serotonergic neurons are sufficient to drive protein homeostasis in peripheral tissues. These signaling modalities are unique and independent and together coordinate the beneficial effects of neuronal cell non-autonomous ER stress signaling upon health and longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Higuchi-Sanabria
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Jenni Durieux
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Naame Kelet
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Stefan Homentcovschi
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Mattias de Los Rios Rogers
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Samira Monshietehadi
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Gilberto Garcia
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Sofia Dallarda
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Joseph R Daniele
- TRACTION, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, South Campus Research, Houston, TX 77054, USA
| | - Vidhya Ramachandran
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Arushi Sahay
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Sarah U Tronnes
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - Larry Joe
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Andrew Dillin
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
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87
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Green EH, Kikis EA. Determining the effects of nanoparticulate air pollution on proteostasis in Caenorhabditis elegans. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0243419. [PMID: 33270781 PMCID: PMC7714337 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0243419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The proteostasis network comprises the biochemical pathways that together maintain and regulate proper protein synthesis, transport, folding, and degradation. Many neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by a failure of the proteostasis network to sustain the health of the proteome, resulting in protein misfolding, aggregation, and, often, neurotoxicity. Although important advances have been made in recent years to identify genetic risk factors for neurodegenerative diseases, we still know relatively little about environmental risk factors such as air pollution. Exposure to nano-sized particulate air pollution, referred to herein as nanoparticulate matter (nPM), has been shown to trigger the accumulation of misfolded and oligomerized amyloid beta in mice. This suggests that the ability to maintain proteostasis is likely compromised in Alzheimer 's disease (AD) pathogenesis upon exposure to nPM. We aim to determine whether this aspect of the environment interacts with proteostasis network machinery to trigger protein misfolding. This could at least partially explain how air pollution exacerbates the symptoms of neurodegenerative diseases of aging, such as AD. We hypothesize that nPM challenges the buffering capacity of the proteostasis network by reducing the efficiency of folding for metastable proteins, thereby disrupting what has proven to be a very delicate proteostasis balance. We will test this hypothesis using C. elegans as our model system. Specifically, we will determine the impact of particulate air pollution on the aggregation and toxicity of disease-associated reporters of proteostasis and on transcriptional responses to stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily H. Green
- Biology Department, The University of the South, Sewanee, TN, United States of America
| | - Elise A. Kikis
- Biology Department, The University of the South, Sewanee, TN, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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88
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Koopman MB, Rüdiger SGD. Alzheimer Cells on Their Way to Derailment Show Selective Changes in Protein Quality Control Network. Front Mol Biosci 2020; 7:214. [PMID: 33330614 PMCID: PMC7715003 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2020.00214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's Disease is driven by protein aggregation and is characterized by accumulation of Tau protein into neurofibrillary tangles. In healthy neurons the cellular protein quality control is successfully in charge of protein folding, which raises the question to which extent this control is disturbed in disease. Here, we describe that brain cells in Alzheimer's Disease show very specific derailment of the protein quality control network. We performed a meta-analysis on the Alzheimer's Disease Proteome database, which provides a quantitative assessment of disease-related proteome changes in six brain regions in comparison to age-matched controls. We noted that levels of all paralogs of the conserved Hsp90 chaperone family are reduced, while most other chaperones - or their regulatory co-chaperones - do not change in disease. The notable exception is a select group consisting of the stress inducible HSP70, its nucleotide exchange factor BAG3 - which links the Hsp70 system to autophagy - and neuronal small heat shock proteins, which are upregulated in disease. They are all members of a cascade controlled in the stress response, channeling proteins towards a pathway of chaperone assisted selective autophagy. Together, our analysis reveals that in an Alzheimer's brain, with exception of Hsp90, the players of the protein quality control are still present in full strength, even in brain regions most severely affected in disease. The specific upregulation of small heat shock proteins and HSP70:BAG3, ubiquitous in all brain areas analyzed, may represent a last, unsuccessful attempt to advert cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margreet B. Koopman
- Cellular Protein Chemistry, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Science for Life, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Stefan G. D. Rüdiger
- Cellular Protein Chemistry, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Science for Life, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
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Hwang HY, Dankovich L, Wang J. Thermotolerance of tax-2 Is Uncoupled From Life Span Extension and Influenced by Temperature During Development in C. elegans. Front Genet 2020; 11:566948. [PMID: 33133151 PMCID: PMC7573314 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.566948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Thermotolerance of an organism is a complex trait that is influenced by a multitude of genetic and environmental factors. Many factors controlling thermotolerance in Caenorhabditis elegans are known to extend life. To understand the regulation of thermotolerance, we performed a genetic screen for mutants with better survival at warm temperature. Here we identified by dauer survival a tax-2 mutation and several mutations disrupting an insulin signaling pathway including the daf-2 gene. While the tax-2 mutant has improved thermotolerance and long life span, the newly identified daf-2 and other insulin signaling mutants, unlike the canonical daf-2(e1370), do not show improved thermotolerance despite being long-lived. Examination of tax-2 mutations and their mutant phenotypes suggest that the control of thermotolerance is not coupled with the control of life span or dauer survival. With genetic interaction studies, we concluded that tax-2 has complex roles in life span and dauer survival and that tax-2 is a negative regulator of thermotolerance independent of other known thermotolerance genes including those in the insulin signaling pathway. Moreover, cold growth temperature during development weakens the improved thermotolerance associated with tax-2 and other thermotolerance-inducing mutations. Together, this study reveals previously unknown genetic and environmental factors controlling thermotolerance and their complex relationship with life span regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho-Yon Hwang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Laura Dankovich
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Jiou Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
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90
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Fujiwara M, Sun S, Dohms A, Nishimura Y, Suto K, Takezawa Y, Oshimi K, Zhao L, Sadzak N, Umehara Y, Teki Y, Komatsu N, Benson O, Shikano Y, Kage-Nakadai E. Real-time nanodiamond thermometry probing in vivo thermogenic responses. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:eaba9636. [PMID: 32917703 PMCID: PMC7486095 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aba9636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Real-time temperature monitoring inside living organisms provides a direct measure of their biological activities. However, it is challenging to reduce the size of biocompatible thermometers down to submicrometers, despite their potential applications for the thermal imaging of subtissue structures with single-cell resolution. Here, using quantum nanothermometers based on optically accessible electron spins in nanodiamonds, we demonstrate in vivo real-time temperature monitoring inside Caenorhabditis elegans worms. We developed a microscope system that integrates a quick-docking sample chamber, particle tracking, and an error correction filter for temperature monitoring of mobile nanodiamonds inside live adult worms with a precision of ±0.22°C. With this system, we determined temperature increases based on the worms' thermogenic responses during the chemical stimuli of mitochondrial uncouplers. Our technique demonstrates the submicrometer localization of temperature information in living animals and direct identification of their pharmacological thermogenesis, which may allow for quantification of their biological activities based on temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masazumi Fujiwara
- Department of Chemistry, Osaka City University, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 558-8585, Japan.
| | - Simo Sun
- Food and Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Human Life Science, Osaka City University, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - Alexander Dohms
- Institut für Physik and IRIS Adlershof, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Newtonstraße 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Yushi Nishimura
- Department of Chemistry, Osaka City University, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - Ken Suto
- Department of Chemistry, Osaka City University, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - Yuka Takezawa
- Food and Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Human Life Science, Osaka City University, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - Keisuke Oshimi
- Department of Chemistry, Osaka City University, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - Li Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X) and Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Nikola Sadzak
- Institut für Physik and IRIS Adlershof, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Newtonstraße 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Yumi Umehara
- Department of Chemistry, Osaka City University, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - Yoshio Teki
- Department of Chemistry, Osaka City University, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - Naoki Komatsu
- Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Oliver Benson
- Institut für Physik and IRIS Adlershof, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Newtonstraße 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Yutaka Shikano
- Quantum Computing Center, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi Kohoku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan.
- Institute for Quantum Studies, Chapman University, 1 University Dr., Orange, CA 92866, USA
| | - Eriko Kage-Nakadai
- Food and Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Human Life Science, Osaka City University, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 558-8585, Japan.
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91
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Prahlad V. The discovery and consequences of the central role of the nervous system in the control of protein homeostasis. J Neurogenet 2020; 34:489-499. [PMID: 32527175 PMCID: PMC7736053 DOI: 10.1080/01677063.2020.1771333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Organisms function despite wide fluctuations in their environment through the maintenance of homeostasis. At the cellular level, the maintenance of proteins as functional entities at target expression levels is called protein homeostasis (or proteostasis). Cells implement proteostasis through universal and conserved quality control mechanisms that surveil and monitor protein conformation. Recent studies that exploit the powerful ability to genetically manipulate specific neurons in C. elegans have shown that cells within this metazoan lose their autonomy over this fundamental survival mechanism. These studies have uncovered novel roles for the nervous system in controlling how and when cells activate their protein quality control mechanisms. Here we discuss the conceptual underpinnings, experimental evidence and the possible consequences of such a control mechanism. PRELUDE: Whether the detailed examination of parts of the nervous system and their selective perturbation is sufficient to reconstruct how the brain generates behavior, mental disease, music and religion remains an open question. Yet, Sydney Brenner's development of C. elegans as an experimental organism and his faith in the bold reductionist approach that 'the understanding of wild-type behavior comes best after the discovery and analysis of mutations that alter it', has led to discoveries of unexpected roles for neurons in the biology of organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veena Prahlad
- Department of Biology, Aging Mind and Brain Initiative, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
- Iowa Neuroscience Institute, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
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92
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Jones LM, Chen Y, van Oosten-Hawle P. Redefining proteostasis transcription factors in organismal stress responses, development, metabolism, and health. Biol Chem 2020; 401:1005-1018. [DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2019-0385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
AbstractEukaryotic organisms have evolved complex and robust cellular stress response pathways to ensure maintenance of proteostasis and survival during fluctuating environmental conditions. Highly conserved stress response pathways can be triggered and coordinated at the cell-autonomous and cell-nonautonomous level by proteostasis transcription factors, including HSF1, SKN-1/NRF2, HIF1, and DAF-16/FOXO that combat proteotoxic stress caused by environmental challenges. While these transcription factors are often associated with a specific stress condition, they also direct “noncanonical” transcriptional programs that serve to integrate a multitude of physiological responses required for development, metabolism, and defense responses to pathogen infections. In this review, we outline the established function of these key proteostasis transcription factors at the cell-autonomous and cell-nonautonomous level and discuss a newly emerging stress responsive transcription factor, PQM-1, within the proteostasis network. We look beyond the canonical stress response roles of proteostasis transcription factors and highlight their function in integrating different physiological stimuli to maintain cytosolic organismal proteostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura M. Jones
- School of Molecular and Cell Biology and Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Yannic Chen
- School of Molecular and Cell Biology and Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Patricija van Oosten-Hawle
- School of Molecular and Cell Biology and Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
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93
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Poupet C, Chassard C, Nivoliez A, Bornes S. Caenorhabditis elegans, a Host to Investigate the Probiotic Properties of Beneficial Microorganisms. Front Nutr 2020; 7:135. [PMID: 33425969 PMCID: PMC7786404 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2020.00135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Caenorhabditis elegans, a non-parasitic nematode emerges as a relevant and powerful candidate as an in vivo model for microorganisms-microorganisms and microorganisms-host interactions studies. Experiments have demonstrated the probiotic potential of bacteria since they can provide to the worm a longer lifespan, an increased resistance to pathogens and to oxidative or heat stresses. Probiotics are used to prevent or treat microbiota dysbiosis and associated pathologies but the molecular mechanisms underlying their capacities are still unknown. Beyond safety and healthy aspects of probiotics, C. elegans represents a powerful way to design large-scale studies to explore transkingdom interactions and to solve questioning about the molecular aspect of these interactions. Future challenges and opportunities would be to validate C. elegans as an in vivo tool for high-throughput screening of microorganisms for their potential probiotic use on human health and to enlarge the panels of microorganisms studied as well as the human diseases investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cyril Poupet
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, VetAgro Sup, UMRF, Aurillac, France
| | | | | | - Stéphanie Bornes
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, VetAgro Sup, UMRF, Aurillac, France
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94
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Xie YF, Wang XD, Zhong WH, Zhu DH, He Z. Transcriptome Profile Changes Associated With Heat Shock Reaction in the Entomopathogenic Nematode, Steinernema carpocapsae. Front Physiol 2020; 11:721. [PMID: 32754045 PMCID: PMC7365922 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The entomopathogenic nematode Steinernema carpocapsae has been used for control of soil insects. However, S. carpocapse is sensitive to environmental factors, particularly temperature. We studied an S. carpocapse group that was shocked with high temperature. We also studied the transcriptome-level responses associated with temperature stress using a BGIseq sequencing platform. We de novo assembled the reads from the treatment and control groups into one transcriptome consisting of 43.9 and 42.9 million clean reads, respectively. Based on the genome database, we aligned the clean reads to the Nr, Gene Ontology (GO), and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) databases and analyzed the differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Compared with the control, the heat-shocked group had significant differential expression of the heat shock protein (HSP) family, antioxidase [glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) and superoxide dismutase (SOD)], monooxygenase (P450), and transcription factor genes (DAF-16 and DAF-2). These DEGs were demonstrated to be part of the Longevity pathway and insulin/insulin-like signaling pathway. The results revealed the potential mechanisms, at the transcriptional level, of S. carpocapsae under thermal stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Fei Xie
- Hunan Academy of Forestry, Changsha, China.,College of Life Science, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Xiu-Dan Wang
- College of Life Science, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
| | | | - Dao-Hong Zhu
- College of Life Science, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Zhen He
- Hunan Academy of Forestry, Changsha, China
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95
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Abstract
Sustaining a healthy proteome is a lifelong challenge for each individual cell of an organism. However, protein homeostasis or proteostasis is constantly jeopardized since damaged proteins accumulate under proteotoxic stress that originates from ever-changing metabolic, environmental, and pathological conditions. Proteostasis is achieved via a conserved network of quality control pathways that orchestrate the biogenesis of correctly folded proteins, prevent proteins from misfolding, and remove potentially harmful proteins by selective degradation. Nevertheless, the proteostasis network has a limited capacity and its collapse deteriorates cellular functionality and organismal viability, causing metabolic, oncological, or neurodegenerative disorders. While cell-autonomous quality control mechanisms have been described intensely, recent work on Caenorhabditis elegans has demonstrated the systemic coordination of proteostasis between distinct tissues of an organism. These findings indicate the existence of intricately balanced proteostasis networks important for integration and maintenance of the organismal proteome, opening a new door to define novel therapeutic targets for protein aggregation diseases. Here, we provide an overview of individual protein quality control pathways and the systemic coordination between central proteostatic nodes. We further provide insights into the dynamic regulation of cellular and organismal proteostasis mechanisms that integrate environmental and metabolic changes. The use of C. elegans as a model has pioneered our understanding of conserved quality control mechanisms important to safeguard the organismal proteome in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thorsten Hoppe
- Institute for Genetics and Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) and
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne 50931, Germany and
| | - Ehud Cohen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, the Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada (IMRIC), the Hebrew University School of Medicine, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
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96
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Kim B, Lee J, Kim Y, Lee SJV. Regulatory systems that mediate the effects of temperature on the lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans. J Neurogenet 2020; 34:518-526. [PMID: 32633588 DOI: 10.1080/01677063.2020.1781849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Temperature affects animal physiology, including aging and lifespan. How temperature and biological systems interact to influence aging and lifespan has been investigated using model organisms, including the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. In this review, we discuss mechanisms by which diverse cellular factors modulate the effects of ambient temperatures on aging and lifespan in C. elegans. C. elegans thermosensory neurons alleviate lifespan-shortening effects of high temperatures via sterol endocrine signaling and probably through systemic regulation of cytosolic proteostasis. At low temperatures, C. elegans displays a long lifespan by upregulating the cold-sensing TRPA channel, lipid homeostasis, germline-mediated prostaglandin signaling, and autophagy. In addition, co-chaperone p23 amplifies lifespan changes affected by high and low temperatures. Our review summarizes how external temperatures modulate C. elegans lifespan and provides information regarding responses of biological processes to temperature changes, which may affect health and aging at an organism level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byounghun Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Jongsun Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Younghun Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Seung-Jae V Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea
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97
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Arribere JA, Kuroyanagi H, Hundley HA. mRNA Editing, Processing and Quality Control in Caenorhabditis elegans. Genetics 2020; 215:531-568. [PMID: 32632025 PMCID: PMC7337075 DOI: 10.1534/genetics.119.301807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
While DNA serves as the blueprint of life, the distinct functions of each cell are determined by the dynamic expression of genes from the static genome. The amount and specific sequences of RNAs expressed in a given cell involves a number of regulated processes including RNA synthesis (transcription), processing, splicing, modification, polyadenylation, stability, translation, and degradation. As errors during mRNA production can create gene products that are deleterious to the organism, quality control mechanisms exist to survey and remove errors in mRNA expression and processing. Here, we will provide an overview of mRNA processing and quality control mechanisms that occur in Caenorhabditis elegans, with a focus on those that occur on protein-coding genes after transcription initiation. In addition, we will describe the genetic and technical approaches that have allowed studies in C. elegans to reveal important mechanistic insight into these processes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hidehito Kuroyanagi
- Laboratory of Gene Expression, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan, and
| | - Heather A Hundley
- Medical Sciences Program, Indiana University School of Medicine-Bloomington, Indiana 47405
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98
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Pincus D. Regulation of Hsf1 and the Heat Shock Response. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1243:41-50. [PMID: 32297210 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-40204-4_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The heat shock response (HSR) is characterized by the induction of molecular chaperones following a sudden increase in temperature. In eukaryotes, the HSR comprises the set of genes controlled by the transcription factor Hsf1. The HSR is induced by defects in co-translational protein folding, ribosome biogenesis, organellar targeting of nascent proteins, and protein degradation by the ubiquitin proteasome system. Upon heat shock, these processes may be endogenous sources of polypeptide ligands that activate the HSR. Mechanistically, these ligands are thought to titrate the chaperone Hsp70 away from Hsf1, releasing Hsf1 to induce the full arsenal of cellular chaperones to restore protein homeostasis. In metazoans, this cell-autonomous feedback loop is modulated by the microenvironment and neuronal cues to enable tissue-level and organism-wide coordination.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Pincus
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology, Center for Physics of Evolving Systems, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
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99
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Lau Y, Oamen HP, Caudron F. Protein Phase Separation during Stress Adaptation and Cellular Memory. Cells 2020; 9:cells9051302. [PMID: 32456195 PMCID: PMC7291175 DOI: 10.3390/cells9051302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cells need to organise and regulate their biochemical processes both in space and time in order to adapt to their surrounding environment. Spatial organisation of cellular components is facilitated by a complex network of membrane bound organelles. Both the membrane composition and the intra-organellar content of these organelles can be specifically and temporally controlled by imposing gates, much like bouncers controlling entry into night-clubs. In addition, a new level of compartmentalisation has recently emerged as a fundamental principle of cellular organisation, the formation of membrane-less organelles. Many of these structures are dynamic, rapidly condensing or dissolving and are therefore ideally suited to be involved in emergency cellular adaptation to stresses. Remarkably, the same proteins have also the propensity to adopt self-perpetuating assemblies which properties fit the needs to encode cellular memory. Here, we review some of the principles of phase separation and the function of membrane-less organelles focusing particularly on their roles during stress response and cellular memory.
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100
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Bar-Ziv R, Frakes AE, Higuchi-Sanabria R, Bolas T, Frankino PA, Gildea HK, Metcalf MG, Dillin A. Measurements of Physiological Stress Responses in C. Elegans. J Vis Exp 2020. [PMID: 32510480 DOI: 10.3791/61001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Organisms are often exposed to fluctuating environments and changes in intracellular homeostasis, which can have detrimental effects on their proteome and physiology. Thus, organisms have evolved targeted and specific stress responses dedicated to repair damage and maintain homeostasis. These mechanisms include the unfolded protein response of the endoplasmic reticulum (UPRER), the unfolded protein response of the mitochondria (UPRMT), the heat shock response (HSR), and the oxidative stress response (OxSR). The protocols presented here describe methods to detect and characterize the activation of these pathways and their physiological consequences in the nematode, C. elegans. First, the use of pathway-specific fluorescent transcriptional reporters is described for rapid cellular characterization, drug screening, or large-scale genetic screening (e.g., RNAi or mutant libraries). In addition, complementary, robust physiological assays are described, which can be used to directly assess sensitivity of animals to specific stressors, serving as functional validation of the transcriptional reporters. Together, these methods allow for rapid characterization of the cellular and physiological effects of internal and external proteotoxic perturbations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raz Bar-Ziv
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley
| | - Ashley E Frakes
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley
| | | | - Theodore Bolas
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley
| | - Phillip A Frankino
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley
| | - Holly K Gildea
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley
| | - Melissa G Metcalf
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley
| | - Andrew Dillin
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley;
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