1651
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de Vroege L, van den Broek A. Substantial Impact of COVID-19 on Self-Reported Mental Health of Healthcare Professionals in the Netherlands. Front Public Health 2022; 9:796591. [PMID: 35083191 PMCID: PMC8785205 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.796591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Initially, the COVID-19 pandemic caused a continued pressure on professionals working in hospitals due to the increase of affected patients. At the moment, the pandemic continues but thanks to all kinds of measures (e.g., social distancing) workload seems to decrease at the hospitals. On the contrary, patients with long-lasting symptoms due to COVID-19 infection or the pandemic begin to merge at the mental healthcare institutions in the Netherlands but this also holds true for other countries. Furthermore, healthcare professionals are affected by safety measures such as working from home, which led to an increased feeling of stress and may have led to a misbalance in work and private life. As a result, the question whether healthcare employees in mental healthcare experience impaired mental health remains unclear and chances are fair that mental health problems such as exhaustion and burnout may be prevalent. This study describes an online survey in which mental health amongst mental healthcare professionals is investigated. About 1,300 professionals from a large number of mental healthcare institutions replied the survey. Around 50% of the respondents experienced increased levels of stress. Feelings of anxiety, anger, and sadness were also increasingly experienced due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Furthermore, 4.2% replied that they were considering resigning their jobs which is alarming considering the shortage of healthcare professionals in mental healthcare institutions. The results support the importance of treatment or support of professionals in mental healthcare that experience psychological ailments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars de Vroege
- Tranzo Department, Tilburg School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Tilburg University, Tilburg, Netherlands.,Department of Anxiety and Depression, GGz Breburg, Breda, Netherlands
| | - Anneloes van den Broek
- Department of Anxiety and Depression, GGz Breburg, Breda, Netherlands.,Department of Post Academic Psychology Training and Education, Breburg Academy, GGz Breburg, Tilburg, Netherlands
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1652
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Chang L, Wei Y, Hashimoto K. Brain Research Bulletin: Special Issue: Brain–body communication in health and diseases, Brain–gut–microbiota axis in depression: A historical overview and future directions. Brain Res Bull 2022; 182:44-56. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2022.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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1653
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Alhasani M, Alkhawaji A, Orji R, Duradoni M. Mental Health and Time Management Behavior among Students During COVID-19 Pandemic: Towards Persuasive Technology Design. Human Behavior and Emerging Technologies 2022; 2022:1-13. [DOI: 10.1155/2022/7376748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The study explored the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on students’ mental health in higher education while capturing their perceptions and attitudes towards time management. The aim was to examine relationships between stress, anxiety, and specific time management-related factors. Considering possible differences between genders and degree levels, we developed five structural equation models (SEMs) to delineate these relationships. Results of a large-scale study of 502 participants show that students suffered from stress and two types of COVID-19-related anxiety: disease and consequences. Students’ preference for organization was the only factor that significantly promoted their perceived control over time, which contributes to reducing stress, hence anxiety. However, female students reported higher stress and anxiety levels than male students. Graduate students reported higher anxiety levels related to the consequences of the pandemic compared to undergrads. To promote students’ preference for organization, we map the three categories of organization to corresponding persuasive strategies which could be used in the design of persuasive interventions. This creates an opportunity for developing technological interventions to improve students’ perceived control over time, thus reduce stress and anxiety.
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1654
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Rodrigues P, Cunha V, Ferreira M, Reis-henriques MA, Oliva-teles L, Guimarães L, Carvalho AP. Differential Molecular Responses of Zebrafish Larvae to Fluoxetine and Norfluoxetine. Water 2022; 14:417. [DOI: 10.3390/w14030417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
The occurrence of psychopharmaceuticals in aquatic ecosystems is a growing problem. Fluoxetine (FL) and its metabolite norfluoxetine (NF) are selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. Although they may be potentially harmful to non-target species, available knowledge on the effects of NF is sparse, relative to FL. This study aimed at contributing to the body of knowledge about the modes-of-action (MoA) of these compounds and their underlying mechanisms eliciting hazardous effects during the early development of the teleost model zebrafish (Danio rerio). One hour post-fertilisation (hpf), embryos were exposed up to 80 hpf to these compounds at levels found in surface waters and higher (FL, 0.0015 and 0.05 µM; NF, 0.00006 and 0.0014 µM). Developmental anomalies were observed at 8, 32 and 80 hpf. Larvae were collected at 80 hpf to assess the expression of 34 genes related to FL and NF MoA and metabolism, using qPCR (quantitative reverse transcription PCR). Results showed that both compounds elicited an increased frequency of embryos exhibiting abnormal pigmentation, relative to controls. Gene expression alterations were more pronounced in FL- than in NF-exposed larvae. Cluster Analysis revealed two groups of genes discriminating between the drugs. for their marked opposing responses. Globally, downregulation of gene expression was typical of FL, whilst upregulation or no alteration was found for NF. These clusters identified were linked to the adrenergic pathway and to the retinoid and peroxisome proliferator-activated nuclear receptors. Overall, our data contradict the prevailing notion that NF is more toxic than FL and unveiled the expression levels of genes drd2b, 5-ht2c and abcc2 as possible markers of exposure to FL.
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1655
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Antonazzo IC, Fornari C, Maumus-Robert S, Cei E, Paoletti O, Ferrara P, Conti S, Cortesi PA, Mantovani LG, Gini R, Mazzaglia G. Antidepressants Drug Use during COVID-19 Waves in the Tuscan General Population: An Interrupted Time-Series Analysis. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12020178. [PMID: 35207666 PMCID: PMC8879880 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12020178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
In Italy, during the COVID-19 waves two lockdowns were implemented to prevent virus diffusion in the general population. Data on antidepressant (AD) use in these periods are still scarce. This study aimed at exploring the impact of COVID-19 lockdowns on prevalence and incidence of antidepressant drug use in the general population. A population-based study using the healthcare administrative database of Tuscany was performed. We selected a dynamic cohort of subjects with at least one ADs dispensing from 1 January 2018 to 27 December 2020. The weekly prevalence and incidence of drug use were estimated across different segments: pre-lockdown (1 January 2018–8 March 2020), first lockdown (9 March 2020–15 June 2020), post-first lockdown (16 June 2020–15 November 2020) and second lockdown (16 November 2020–27 December 2020). An interrupted time-series analysis was used to assess the effect of lockdowns on the observed outcomes. Compared to the pre-lockdown we observed an abrupt reduction of ADs incidence (Incidence-Ratio: 0.82; 95% Confidence-Intervals: 0.74–0.91) and a slight weekly decrease of prevalence (Prevalence-Ratio: 0.997; 0.996–0.999). During the post-first lockdown AD use increased, with higher incidence- and similar prevalence values compared with those expected in the absence of the outbreak. This pandemic has impacted AD drug use in the general population with potential rebound effects during the period between waves. This calls for future studies aimed at exploring the mid–long term effects of this phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ippazio Cosimo Antonazzo
- Research Centre on Public Health (CESP), University of Milan-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy; (I.C.A.); (E.C.); (P.F.); (S.C.); (P.A.C.); (L.G.M.); (G.M.)
| | - Carla Fornari
- Research Centre on Public Health (CESP), University of Milan-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy; (I.C.A.); (E.C.); (P.F.); (S.C.); (P.A.C.); (L.G.M.); (G.M.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Sandy Maumus-Robert
- Team Pharmacoepidemiology, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, Inserm U1219, University of Bordeaux, F-33000 Bordeaux, France;
| | - Eleonora Cei
- Research Centre on Public Health (CESP), University of Milan-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy; (I.C.A.); (E.C.); (P.F.); (S.C.); (P.A.C.); (L.G.M.); (G.M.)
| | - Olga Paoletti
- Regional Agency for Healthcare Services of Tuscany, Epidemiology, 50141 Florence, Italy; (O.P.); (R.G.)
| | - Pietro Ferrara
- Research Centre on Public Health (CESP), University of Milan-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy; (I.C.A.); (E.C.); (P.F.); (S.C.); (P.A.C.); (L.G.M.); (G.M.)
- Value-Based Healthcare Unit, IRCCS Multi Medica, 20099 Sesto San Giovanni, Italy
| | - Sara Conti
- Research Centre on Public Health (CESP), University of Milan-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy; (I.C.A.); (E.C.); (P.F.); (S.C.); (P.A.C.); (L.G.M.); (G.M.)
| | - Paolo Angelo Cortesi
- Research Centre on Public Health (CESP), University of Milan-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy; (I.C.A.); (E.C.); (P.F.); (S.C.); (P.A.C.); (L.G.M.); (G.M.)
- Value-Based Healthcare Unit, IRCCS Multi Medica, 20099 Sesto San Giovanni, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Giovanni Mantovani
- Research Centre on Public Health (CESP), University of Milan-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy; (I.C.A.); (E.C.); (P.F.); (S.C.); (P.A.C.); (L.G.M.); (G.M.)
- Value-Based Healthcare Unit, IRCCS Multi Medica, 20099 Sesto San Giovanni, Italy
| | - Rosa Gini
- Regional Agency for Healthcare Services of Tuscany, Epidemiology, 50141 Florence, Italy; (O.P.); (R.G.)
| | - Giampiero Mazzaglia
- Research Centre on Public Health (CESP), University of Milan-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy; (I.C.A.); (E.C.); (P.F.); (S.C.); (P.A.C.); (L.G.M.); (G.M.)
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1656
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Dhaliwal M, Small R, Webb D, Cluver L, Ibrahim M, Bok L, Nascimento C, Wang C, Garagic A, Jensen L. Covid-19 as a long multiwave event: implications for responses to safeguard younger generations. BMJ 2022; 376:e068123. [PMID: 35086910 PMCID: PMC8792762 DOI: 10.1136/bmj-2021-068123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Mandeep Dhaliwal and colleagues call for urgent correction of the response to covid-19 to safeguard the development of children and young people
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Roy Small
- United Nations Development Programme, New York, USA
| | - Douglas Webb
- United Nations Development Programme, New York, USA
| | - Lucie Cluver
- University of Oxford. Oxford, UK
- University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | | | - Ludo Bok
- United Nations Development Programme, New York, USA
| | - Collin Nascimento
- OXY Occidental College, Kahane United Nations Program, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Cheng Wang
- OXY Occidental College, Kahane United Nations Program, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Aidan Garagic
- OXY Occidental College, Kahane United Nations Program, Los Angeles, USA
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1657
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Fridell A, Norrman HN, Girke L, Bölte S. Effects of the Early Phase of COVID-19 on the Autistic Community in Sweden: A Qualitative Multi-Informant Study Linking to ICF. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:ijerph19031268. [PMID: 35162290 PMCID: PMC8835079 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19031268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
While the COVID-19 pandemic is ongoing, early outcome studies indicate severe and pervasive global effects of the pandemic and associated measures to prevent the spread of the virus. General population studies, as well as insight into the outcomes for particular groups, will be necessary in order to mitigate potentially long-term effects as well as to prepare for future epidemics or pandemics. The pandemic conditions have been marked by rapid and abrupt changes and unpredictability which are circumstances that leave the autistic population particularly vulnerable to adverse outcomes following the distinctive features of the diagnosis. Studies are only beginning to delineate the outcomes of the global autism community and the present study adds to these findings by providing a local, multi-perspective, qualitative analysis of the lived experiences of the Swedish autism community. In this study, autistic youth and adults, caregivers of autistic individuals, as well as representatives of Swedish interest organizations were interviewed. Thematic analysis was performed on the population as a whole and patterns of results were formalized according to the International Classification of Function, Disability and Health (ICF-CY). Participants report wide-ranging adverse outcomes of the pandemic relating to mental health and access to support, participation in daily activities and socialization, education, and work as well as parental resources. However, participants also report positive outcomes relating to a reduction in specific social and everyday demands, and normalization of lived experiences. Additionally, interviews outlined some strategies used to cope during pandemic conditions. Implications of these findings are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Fridell
- Center of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (KIND), Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, 113 30 Stockholm, Sweden; (H.N.N.); (L.G.); (S.B.)
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm,118 61 Stockholm, Sweden
- Curtin Autism Research Group, Curtin School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia
- Correspondence:
| | - Hjalmar Nobel Norrman
- Center of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (KIND), Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, 113 30 Stockholm, Sweden; (H.N.N.); (L.G.); (S.B.)
| | - Linda Girke
- Center of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (KIND), Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, 113 30 Stockholm, Sweden; (H.N.N.); (L.G.); (S.B.)
- Department of Psychology, Developmental Psychology, Uppsala University, 751 05 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Sven Bölte
- Center of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (KIND), Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, 113 30 Stockholm, Sweden; (H.N.N.); (L.G.); (S.B.)
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm,118 61 Stockholm, Sweden
- Curtin Autism Research Group, Curtin School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia
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1658
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Zhang S, Liu Y, Song S, Peng S, Xiong M. The Psychological Nursing Interventions Based on Pygmalion Effect Could Alleviate Negative Emotions of Patients with Suspected COVID-19 Patients: a Retrospective Analysis. Int J Gen Med 2022; 15:513-522. [PMID: 35058708 PMCID: PMC8764294 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s347439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aims to explore the psychological status of suspected COVID-19 patients during quarantine and put forward a new yet effective psychological nursing strategy for intervention. PATIENTS AND METHODS We performed a retrospective study with suspected COVID-19 patients who were hospitalized to the two hospitals of Hunan province, China and accepted the intervention of psychological nursing from 01/2020 to 03/2020. The control group received routine psychological nursing care and the observation group received the new psychological nursing intervention according to Pygmalion effect. RESULTS A total of 89 objects were included in the analysis. Results of the questionnaire before intervention showed that the majority of isolated suspected COVID-19 patients showed negative emotions, with the incidence of depression (51.69%), anxiety (14.617%), inverted provocation (22.47%), extraverted provocation (25.84%). And the extraverted provocation scores of female patients was significantly higher than that of male counterparts (P < 0.05). At discharge, compared with the control group, the scores of depression, anxiety, introversion and extraversion of patients in the observation group were significantly lower after nursing intervention based on Pygmalion effect. The satisfaction rate of psychological care based on Pygmalion effect was 86.66%. CONCLUSION Suspected COVID-19 patients tend to show the symptoms of depression, anxiety and irritation during quarantine. The psychological nursing based on Pygmalion effect is helpful to alleviate their negative emotions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sisi Zhang
- Nursing Department, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital/The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yazi Liu
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital/The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuning Song
- Geriatric Department, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital/The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Shixiong Peng
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University/Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Changsha, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Mao Xiong
- Ophthalmology and Stomatology Department, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital/The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
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1659
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikram Patel
- Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard T H Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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1660
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Lee SY, Ro YS, Jeong J, Shin SD, Moon S. Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Incidence and Characteristics of Patients with Psychiatric Illnesses Visiting Emergency Departments in Korea. J Clin Med 2022; 11:488. [PMID: 35159940 PMCID: PMC8836502 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11030488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The global coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has had wide-ranging effects on the mental health of the public. This study aimed to investigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the characteristics of psychiatric patients who visited emergency departments (ED) during this time. A cross-sectional study was conducted including patients visiting 402 nationwide EDs from 27 January 2020 to 29 June 2020 (22 weeks; during-COVID) and the corresponding period in 2019 (28 January 2019 to 30 June 2019, 22 weeks; before-COVID) to control for seasonal influences. Among the 6,210,613 patients who visited the ED, 88,520 (2.5%) patients who visited before the pandemic and 73,281 (2.7%) patients who visited during the pandemic had some kind of psychiatric illness. The incidence rates of psychiatric self-harm increased from 0.54 before the pandemic to 0.56 during the pandemic per 1,000,000 person-days (p = 0.04). Age- and sex-standardized rates of psychiatric illnesses per 100,000 ED visits increased during the pandemic (rate differences (95% CIs); 45.7 (20.1–71.4) for all psychiatric disorders and 42.2 (36.2–48.3) for psychiatric self-harm). The incidence of psychiatric self-harm and the proportion of psychiatric patients visiting EDs increased during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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1661
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Li C, Tan Q, Zou M, Zeng L, Kang M, Chen L. Significantly Increased Public Interest in Major Depressive Disorder During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Insights From a Google Trends Analysis. Cureus 2022; 14:e21228. [PMID: 35174030 PMCID: PMC8841016 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.21228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background As early as before the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, nearly one billion people worldwide suffered from mental health problems. Of all the mental health conditions, major depressive disorder (MDD) is the leading cause of global health-related burden. During the COVID-19 pandemic, many uncertain factors affecting mental health accumulated, such as virus transmission, blockade and ban, public transport restrictions, closure of schools and enterprises, and reduction of social interaction, which led to an increase in the potential risk of MDD, further increasing the global health-related burden. Methodology To better clarify the public interest in major depressive disorder during the COVID-19 pandemic, a Google Trends analysis was employed with data from December 2019 to December 2021, taking the cumulative diagnosis rate and cumulative mortality rate of COVID-19 as the reference standard, The changes in public interest and behavior in online searching for major depressive disorder in the three countries most affected by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus (i.e. the United States, Brazil, and India) were evaluated. Results We observed that during the COVID-19 pandemic, public interest in major depressive disorder increased significantly on the Internet. At the same time, compared with the United States, this upward trend is more prominent in India and Brazil. The study found that the major depressive disorder search index of the United States reached the maximum at the end of September 2021, the major depressive disorder search index of Brazil reached the maximum at the beginning of July 2021, and the major depressive disorder search index of India reached the maximum at the beginning of June 2021. The above time nodes are the first turning point of decline after the continuous surge of COVID-19 confirmed cases in the United States, Brazil, and India, indicating that there is an important time correlation between the surge of COVID-19 cases and the public online search term major depressive disorder. Conclusion The Google Trends analysis shows that public interest in major depressive disorder is on the rise under the COVID-19 pandemic and that COVID-19 may be associated with MDD. These findings deserve further exploration, especially as a growing body of research reports suggests that the COVID-19 pandemic has led to a surge in the prevalence of MDD. The epidemic alerts the vast majority of countries to urgently strengthen mental health systems and provide patients with the necessary interventions based on the determinants of poor mental health.
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1662
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Ortega MA, Alvarez-Mon MA, García-Montero C, Fraile-Martinez O, Guijarro LG, Lahera G, Monserrat J, Valls P, Mora F, Rodríguez-Jiménez R, Quintero J, Álvarez-Mon M. Gut Microbiota Metabolites in Major Depressive Disorder-Deep Insights into Their Pathophysiological Role and Potential Translational Applications. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12010050. [PMID: 35050172 PMCID: PMC8778125 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12010050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota is a complex and dynamic ecosystem essential for the proper functioning of the organism, affecting the health and disease status of the individuals. There is continuous and bidirectional communication between gut microbiota and the host, conforming to a unique entity known as "holobiont". Among these crosstalk mechanisms, the gut microbiota synthesizes a broad spectrum of bioactive compounds or metabolites which exert pleiotropic effects on the human organism. Many of these microbial metabolites can cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) or have significant effects on the brain, playing a key role in the so-called microbiota-gut-brain axis. An altered microbiota-gut-brain (MGB) axis is a major characteristic of many neuropsychiatric disorders, including major depressive disorder (MDD). Significative differences between gut eubiosis and dysbiosis in mental disorders like MDD with their different metabolite composition and concentrations are being discussed. In the present review, the main microbial metabolites (short-chain fatty acids -SCFAs-, bile acids, amino acids, tryptophan -trp- derivatives, and more), their signaling pathways and functions will be summarized to explain part of MDD pathophysiology. Conclusions from promising translational approaches related to microbial metabolome will be addressed in more depth to discuss their possible clinical value in the management of MDD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel A. Ortega
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, University of Alcala, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (M.A.O.); (C.G.-M.); (O.F.-M.); (G.L.); (J.M.); (P.V.); (M.Á.-M.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain;
- Cancer Registry and Pathology Department, Hospital Universitario Principe de Asturias, 28806 Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - Miguel Angel Alvarez-Mon
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, University of Alcala, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (M.A.O.); (C.G.-M.); (O.F.-M.); (G.L.); (J.M.); (P.V.); (M.Á.-M.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain;
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hospital Universitario Infanta Leonor, 28031 Madrid, Spain; (F.M.); (J.Q.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Cielo García-Montero
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, University of Alcala, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (M.A.O.); (C.G.-M.); (O.F.-M.); (G.L.); (J.M.); (P.V.); (M.Á.-M.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Oscar Fraile-Martinez
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, University of Alcala, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (M.A.O.); (C.G.-M.); (O.F.-M.); (G.L.); (J.M.); (P.V.); (M.Á.-M.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Luis G. Guijarro
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain;
- Unit of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (CIBEREHD), Department of System Biology, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - Guillermo Lahera
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, University of Alcala, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (M.A.O.); (C.G.-M.); (O.F.-M.); (G.L.); (J.M.); (P.V.); (M.Á.-M.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain;
- Psychiatry Service, Center for Biomedical Research in the Mental Health Network, University Hospital Príncipe de Asturias, 28806 Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - Jorge Monserrat
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, University of Alcala, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (M.A.O.); (C.G.-M.); (O.F.-M.); (G.L.); (J.M.); (P.V.); (M.Á.-M.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Paula Valls
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, University of Alcala, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (M.A.O.); (C.G.-M.); (O.F.-M.); (G.L.); (J.M.); (P.V.); (M.Á.-M.)
| | - Fernando Mora
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hospital Universitario Infanta Leonor, 28031 Madrid, Spain; (F.M.); (J.Q.)
- Department of Legal Medicine and Psychiatry, Complutense University, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Roberto Rodríguez-Jiménez
- Department of Legal Medicine and Psychiatry, Complutense University, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
- Institute for Health Research 12 de Octubre Hospital, (Imas 12)/CIBERSAM (Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Mental Health), 28041 Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Quintero
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hospital Universitario Infanta Leonor, 28031 Madrid, Spain; (F.M.); (J.Q.)
- Department of Legal Medicine and Psychiatry, Complutense University, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Melchor Álvarez-Mon
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, University of Alcala, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (M.A.O.); (C.G.-M.); (O.F.-M.); (G.L.); (J.M.); (P.V.); (M.Á.-M.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain;
- Immune System Diseases-Rheumatology, Oncology Service an Internal Medicine, University Hospital Príncipe de Asturias, (CIBEREHD), 28806 Alcalá de Henares, Spain
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1663
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Chuang HW, Wang TY, Huang CC, Wei IH. Echinacoside exhibits antidepressant-like effects through AMPAR-Akt/ERK-mTOR pathway stimulation and BDNF expression in mice. Chin Med 2022; 17:9. [PMID: 34983570 PMCID: PMC8728918 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-021-00549-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Several natural products have been demonstrated to be effective in the treatment of depressive disorders. Echinacoside, a naturally occurring phenol extracted from Cistanche tubulosa, Echinacea angustifolia, and Cistanche spp, has a wide range of physiological effects, such as antioxidation, neuroprotection, anti-inflammatory, and immunoregulation, which are closely related to depression. In addition, echinacoside can activate protein kinase B (Akt), extracellular signal–regulated kinase (ERK), and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the brain. A key downstream event of the Akt, ERK, and BDNF signaling pathways, namely mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling, plays a crucial role in generating an rapid antidepressant effect. Thus, echinacoside is a promising therapeutic agent for depression. However, research regarding the role of echinacoside in antidepressant effect and brain mTOR activation remains lacking. Materials and methods The forced swimming test and Western blot analysis in C57BL/6 mice was used to investigate the antidepressant-like activities of echinacoside and the underlying mechanism involved inα-amino3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor (AMPAR)–Akt/ERK–mTOR pathway. Results We confirmed the suggestions by previous reports that echinacoside activates Akt/ERK signaling and further demonstrated that echinacoside could provide antidepressant-like effects in mice via the activation of AMPAR–Akt/ERK–mTOR pathway in the hippocampus. Conclusions To the best of our knowledge, our study is the first to reveal that echinacoside is a potential treatment for depressive disorders. Moreover, the present study suggests a mechanism for the neuroprotective effect of echinacoside. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13020-021-00549-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han-Wen Chuang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tse-Yen Wang
- Department of Post-baccalaureate Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Chia Huang
- Tsaotun Psychiatric Center, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Nantou, Taiwan. .,Department of Psychiatry, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan. .,Department of Psychiatry, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan. .,Program in Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - I-Hua Wei
- Department of Anatomy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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1664
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Su Z, McDonnell D, Cheshmehzangi A, Zhu J, Ahmad J, Šegalo S, da Veiga CP. Factors That Shape Women's Physical Activity: Development of the Reasons to Participate in Physical Activity Scale (RPPAS). Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:94. [PMID: 35052256 PMCID: PMC8775543 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10010094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Obesity could deepen women's susceptibility to COVID-19 infections and deaths. While physical activity has the potential to improve women's physical and psychological resilience to the pandemic, there is a dearth of research on factors that motivate women's participation in physical activity. Thus, to bridge the research gap, this study aims to identify factors that motivate women's participation in physical activity. (2) Methods: An online survey on motivations for physical activity was developed and distributed to the participants. A total of 108 women offered complete answers (N = 108, 18-33 years old, Mage = 20.34 ± 2.42 years). Participants selected factors that promote their physical activity from a list of 34 factors from the Reasons to Participate in Physical Activity Scale (RPPAS) developed in this study. (3) Results: Exploratory factor analysis revealed that factors that motivate women's participation in physical activity are: enjoyment and gratification, consideration for other activities (i.e., exergaming), health benefits, networking opportunities, and appearance and performance. Multiple linear regression analyses indicate that only consideration for appearance and performance was significantly associated with participants' physical activity levels after controlling for compounding factors. (4) Conclusions: The findings of this study underscore the importance of appearance and performance in shaping women's participation in physical activity. Furthermore, the results also emphasize the need for a nuanced understanding of factors that influence women's physical activity levels. Future research could investigate how to leverage these motivators in tailored health interventions that aim to improve women's physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaohui Su
- Center on Smart and Connected Health Technologies, Mays Cancer Center, School of Nursing, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Dean McDonnell
- Department of Humanities, Institute of Technology Carlow, R93 V960 Carlow, Ireland;
| | - Ali Cheshmehzangi
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo 315100, China;
| | - Jing Zhu
- Beijing Institute of Nutritional Resources, Beijing 100069, China;
| | - Junaid Ahmad
- Prime Institute of Public Health, Peshawar Medical College, Peshawar 25160, Pakistan;
| | - Sabina Šegalo
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sarajevo, 71000 Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina;
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1665
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Spernovasilis N, Tsiodras S, Poulakou G. Emerging and Re-Emerging Infectious Diseases: Humankind's Companions and Competitors. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10010098. [PMID: 35056547 PMCID: PMC8780145 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10010098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sotirios Tsiodras
- Fourth Department of Internal Medicine, Attikon University Hospital, 12462 Athens, Greece;
- School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece;
| | - Garyphallia Poulakou
- School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece;
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, Sotiria General Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece
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1666
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Yu Z, Liu H, Ye B, Tang C, Huang D, Liu L. Life Satisfaction and Suicidal Ideation Among Chinese College Students During the Recurrent Outbreak of COVID-19: A Moderated Mediation Model. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:937511. [PMID: 35898633 PMCID: PMC9309380 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.937511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study examined a moderated mediation model between life satisfaction and suicidal ideation among Chinese college students during the recurrent outbreak of COVID-19. Seven hundred and ninety college students participated in the study and completed questionnaires on life satisfaction, suicidal ideation, depression, and gratitude. Findings indicated that (1) Depression played a partial mediating role between life satisfaction and suicidal ideation. Life satisfaction was not only directly affected suicidal ideation, but also indirectly affected suicidal ideation through the mediating effect of college students' depression; (2) Gratitude played a moderating role in the effect of life satisfaction on depression, and the link between life satisfaction and suicide ideation was only significant for those with higher gratitude. This study provides practical implications for the prevention of suicidal behavior among Chinese college students during the recurrent outbreak of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijun Yu
- Center of Mental Health Education and Research, School of Psychology, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Haidong Liu
- Center of Mental Health Education and Research, School of Psychology, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Baojuan Ye
- Center of Mental Health Education and Research, School of Psychology, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Chunyan Tang
- Health Education and Counseling Center, Jiangxi Health Vocational College, Nanchang, China
| | - Dawu Huang
- Physical Education College, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Lu Liu
- Center of Mental Health Education and Research, School of Psychology, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China
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1667
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Tang ACY, Lee PH, Lam SC, Siu SCN, Ye CJ, Lee RLT. Prediction of problem gambling by demographics, gaming behavior and psychological correlates among gacha gamers: A cross-sectional online survey in Chinese young adults. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:940281. [PMID: 35990074 PMCID: PMC9389446 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.940281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study is to explore the association of problem gambling with demographics, psychological distress, and gaming behavior in young adult gacha gamers in Hong Kong. MATERIALS AND METHODS Cross-sectional data was collected in the first and fifth waves of COVID-19 pandemic in Hong Kong online. Participants who aged 18-25 years and had been playing gacha games over the past 12 months were recruited. Stepwise multiple regression was used to explore the association among risk of problem gambling, gaming behavior, participation in gaming activities and psychological distress. A two-sided p-value <0.05 was considered as statistical significance. RESULTS Three hundred and thirty-seven completed questionnaires were received with no missing data. 34.7% (n = 117) of the participants had non/low-risk of problem gambling. About 40% (n = 136) of them had moderate-risk and the remaining 25% (n = 84) were at high risk of problem gambling. A higher proportion of female participants (78.6%) were found in high-risk group as compared to 39.7% and 55.6% only in the non/low-risk and moderate-risk groups, respectively. The regression model (R 2 = 0.513, F = 71.895, p < 0.001) showed that 51.3% of the variance of the total problem gambling score could be explained by stress, anxiety, monthly expenses on gacha purchases, number of motives for gacha purchase and number of gambling activities engaged. CONCLUSION The present study provides empirical evidence to support the association between problem gambling and microtransaction especially for gacha which is the most popular type of video game microtransaction in Asia. The established regression model suggests that gacha gamers with higher risk of problem gambling tend to have greater stress, higher anxiety level, spend more on gacha purchase, have more motives for gacha purchases and engage in more gambling activities. In contrast to the extant literature, higher proportion of female participants in high-risk group indicates that female gacha gamers are also at very high risk of becoming problem gamblers.
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1668
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Tsagkaris C, Romash I, Kukhta O, Rayan RA, Neyko V, Papadakis M, Trompoukis C. WHEN QUARTAN FEVER RELIEVED DEPRESSION: THE INCEPTION OF PYRETOTHERAPY IN THE GRECO-ROMAN ANTIQUITY. Wiad Lek 2022; 75:1900-1902. [PMID: 36089876 DOI: 10.36740/wlek202208114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim: This paper explores the documentation of the effect of quartan fever on, the ancient Greek equivalent of conditions falling nowadays under the spectrum of depression, in Greco-Roman medical sources. PATIENTS AND METHODS Materials and methods: The authors searched original medical texts written in Greek by physicians who lived and practiced Medicine in the broader Mediterranean region from the 5th century BC to the 7th century AD for records related to quartan fever and neuropsychiatric diseases. CONCLUSION Conclusions: Quartan fever was used as a treatment for neuropsychiatric conditions until the middle of the 20th century. Although malaria can have severe neuropsychiatric sequelae, the neuroimmunological underpinnings of the effect of fever and heat on depression warrant further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ivan Romash
- IVANO-FRANKIVSK NATIONAL MEDICAL UNIVERSITY, IVANO-FRANKIVSK, UKRAINE
| | - Oksana Kukhta
- IVANO-FRANKIVSK NATIONAL MEDICAL UNIVERSITY, IVANO-FRANKIVSK, UKRAINE
| | | | - Vasyl Neyko
- IVANO-FRANKIVSK NATIONAL MEDICAL UNIVERSITY, IVANO-FRANKIVSK, UKRAINE
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1669
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Flodin P, Sörberg Wallin A, Tarantino B, Cerchiello P, Mladá K, Kuklová M, Kondrátová L, Parimbelli E, Osika W, Hollander AC, Dalman C. Differential impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on primary care utilization related to common mental disorders in four European countries: A retrospective observational study. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:1045325. [PMID: 36699500 PMCID: PMC9868724 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1045325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic is commonly believed to have increased common mental disorders (CMD, i.e., depression and anxiety), either directly due to COVID-19 contractions (death of near ones or residual conditions), or indirectly by increasing stress, economic uncertainty, and disruptions in daily life resulting from containment measure. Whereas studies reporting on initial changes in self-reported data frequently have reported increases in CMD, pandemic related changes in CMD related to primary care utilization are less well known. Analyzing time series of routinely and continuously sampled primary healthcare data from Sweden, Norway, Netherlands, and Latvia, we aimed to characterize the impact of the pandemic on CMD recorded prevalence in primary care. Furthermore, by relating these changes to country specific time-trajectories of two classes of containment measures, we evaluated the differential impact of containment strategies on CMD rates. Specifically, we wanted to test whether school restrictions would preferentially affect age groups corresponding to those of school children or their parents. METHODS For the four investigated countries, we collected time-series of monthly counts of unique CMD patients in primary healthcare from the year 2015 (or 2017) until 2021. Using pre-pandemic timepoints to train seasonal Auto Regressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) models, we predicted healthcare utilization during the pandemic. Discrepancies between observed and expected time series were quantified to infer pandemic related changes. To evaluate the effects of COVID-19 measures on CMD related primary care utilization, the predicted time series were related to country specific time series of levels of social distancing and school restrictions. RESULTS In all countries except Latvia there was an initial (April 2020) decrease in CMD care prevalence, where largest drops were found in Sweden (Prevalence Ratio, PR = 0.85; 95% CI 0.81-0.90), followed by Netherlands (0.86; 95% CI 0.76-1.02) and Norway (0.90; 95% CI 0.83-0.98). Latvia on the other hand experienced increased rates (1.25; 95% CI 1.08-1.49). Whereas PRs in Norway and Netherlands normalized during the latter half of 2020, PRs stayed low in Sweden and elevated in Latvia. The overall changes in PR during the pandemic year 2020 was significantly changed only for Sweden (0.91; 95% CI 0.90-0.93) and Latvia (1.20; 95% CI 1.14-1.26). Overall, the relationship between containment measures and CMD care prevalence were weak and non-significant. In particular, we could not observe any relationship of school restriction to CMD care prevalence for the age groups best corresponding to school children or their parents. CONCLUSION Common mental disorders prevalence in primary care decreased during the initial phase of the COVID-19 pandemic in all countries except from Latvia, but normalized in Norway and Netherlands by the latter half of 2020. The onset of the pandemic and the containment strategies were highly correlated within each country, limiting strong conclusions on whether restriction policy had any effects on mental health. Specifically, we found no evidence of associations between school restrictions and CMD care prevalence. Overall, current results lend no support to the common belief that the pandemic severely impacted the mental health of the general population as indicated by healthcare utilization, apart from in Latvia. However, since healthcare utilization is affected by multiple factors in addition to actual need, future studies should combine complementary types of data to better understand the mental health impacts of the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pär Flodin
- Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alma Sörberg Wallin
- Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Barbara Tarantino
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Paola Cerchiello
- Department of Economics and Management, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Karolína Mladá
- Department of Public Mental Health, National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czechia.,Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital in Pilsen, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Marie Kuklová
- Department of Public Mental Health, National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czechia.,Department of Demography and Geodemography, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Lucie Kondrátová
- Department of Public Mental Health, National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czechia
| | - Enea Parimbelli
- Department of Electrical, Computer and Biomedical Engineering, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.,Telfer School of Management, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Walter Osika
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Center for Social Sustainability, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Christina Dalman
- Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Center for Epidemiology and Community Medicine, Stockholm, Sweden
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1670
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Cheng X, Zhang Y, Zhao D, Yuan TF, Qiu J. Trait Anxiety Mediates Impulsivity and Suicidal Ideation in Depression During COVID-19 Pandemic. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:892442. [PMID: 35873250 PMCID: PMC9301462 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.892442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Suicidality in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) has been an urgent affair during the COVID-19 pandemic. It is well-established that impulsivity and trait anxiety are two risk factors for suicidal ideation. However, literature is still insufficient on the relationships among impulsivity, (state/trait) anxiety and suicidal ideation in individuals with MDD. The present study aims to explore the relationships of these three variables in MDD patients during the COVID-19 pandemic through three scales, including Barrett Impulsivity Scale (BIS), State-Trait Anxiety Scale (STAI) and Self-rating Idea of Suicide Scale (SIOSS). Sixty-three MDD patients (low SIOSS group and high SIOSS group, which were split by the mean score of SIOSS) and twenty-seven well-matched healthy controls were analyzed. Our results showed that the high SIOSS group had higher trait anxiety (p < 0.001, 95% CI = [-19.29, -5.02]) but there was no difference in state anxiety (p = 0.171, 95% CI = [-10.60, 1.25]), compared with the low SIOSS group. And the correlation between impulsivity and suicidal ideation was significant in MDD patients (r = 0.389, p = 0.002), yet it was not significant in healthy controls (r = 0.285, p = 0.167). Further, mediation analysis showed that trait anxiety significantly mediate impulsivity and suicidal ideation in patients with depression (total effect: β = 0.304, p = 0.002, 95% CI = [0.120, 0.489]; direct effect: β = 0.154, p = 0.076, 95% CI = [-0.169, 0.325]), indicating impulsivity influenced suicidal ideation through trait anxiety in MDD patients. In conclusion, our results suggested that trait anxiety might mediate the association of impulsivity and suicidal ideation in MDD patients. Clinicians may use symptoms of trait anxiety and impulsivity for screening when actively evaluating suicidal ideation in MDD patients, especially in the setting of COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Cheng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Di Zhao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ti-Fei Yuan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Jianyin Qiu
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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1671
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Goldberg X, Castaño-Vinyals G, Espinosa A, Carreras A, Liutsko L, Sicuri E, Foraster M, O’Callaghan-Gordo C, Dadvand P, Moncunill G, Dobaño C, Cortés B, Pleguezuelos V, Straif K, Garcia-Aymerich J, de Cid R, Cardis E, Kogevinas M. Mental health and COVID-19 in a general population cohort in Spain (COVICAT study). Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2022; 57:2457-2468. [PMID: 35633398 PMCID: PMC9142833 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-022-02303-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Mental health conditions may affect outcome of COVID-19 disease, while exposure to stressors during the pandemic may impact mental health. The purpose of this study was to examine these factors in relation to ocurrence of depression and anxiety after the first outbreak in Spain. METHODS We contacted 9515 participants from a population-based cohort study in Catalonia between May and October 2020. We drew blood samples to establish infection to the virus. Pre-pandemic mental health conditions were confirmed through Electronic Health Registries. We used the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale to assess severe depression and anxiety post-pandemic. Exposure to proximal, financial and wider environment stressors during the lockdown were collected. We calculated Relative Risks (RR), adjusting for individual- and contextual covariates. RESULTS Pre-pandemic mental health disorders were not associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection , but were associated with severity of COVID-19 disease. People with pre-existing mental health disorders showed higher prevalence of severe depression (25.4%) and anxiety (37.8%) than those without prior mental disorders (4.9% and 10.1%). Living alone was a strong predictor of severe depression among mental health patients (RR = 1.6, 95% CI 1.2-2.2). Among those without prior mental health disorders, post-lockdown depression and anxiety were associated with household interpersonal conflicts (RR = 2.6, 95% CI 2.1-3.1; RR = 2.1, 95% CI 1.9-2.4) and financial instability (RR = 2.2, 95% CI 1.8-2.9; 1.9, 95% CI 1.6-2.2). CONCLUSIONS The COVID-19 pandemic and the lockdown were associated with increased post-lockdown depression and anxiety. Patients with pre-existing mental health conditions are a vulnerable group for severe COVID-19 disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- X. Goldberg
- grid.434607.20000 0004 1763 3517ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain, Barcelona, Spain ,grid.488873.80000 0004 6346 3600Mental Health Department, Institut d’Investigació I Innovació Parc Taulí I3PT, Sabadell, Spain ,grid.512890.7CIBER Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain ,grid.5612.00000 0001 2172 2676Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - G. Castaño-Vinyals
- grid.434607.20000 0004 1763 3517ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain, Barcelona, Spain ,grid.411142.30000 0004 1767 8811IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain ,grid.5612.00000 0001 2172 2676Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain ,grid.466571.70000 0004 1756 6246CIBER Epidemiología Y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - A. Espinosa
- grid.434607.20000 0004 1763 3517ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain, Barcelona, Spain ,grid.411142.30000 0004 1767 8811IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain ,grid.5612.00000 0001 2172 2676Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain ,grid.466571.70000 0004 1756 6246CIBER Epidemiología Y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - A. Carreras
- grid.429186.00000 0004 1756 6852Genomes for Life-GCAT Lab, Germans Trias I Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Badalona, Spain
| | - L. Liutsko
- grid.434607.20000 0004 1763 3517ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain, Barcelona, Spain ,grid.5612.00000 0001 2172 2676Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain ,grid.466571.70000 0004 1756 6246CIBER Epidemiología Y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain ,grid.412761.70000 0004 0645 736XUrFU, Yekaterinburg, Russia
| | - E. Sicuri
- grid.410458.c0000 0000 9635 9413ISGlobal, Hospital Clínic - Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M. Foraster
- grid.434607.20000 0004 1763 3517ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain, Barcelona, Spain ,grid.5612.00000 0001 2172 2676Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain ,grid.466571.70000 0004 1756 6246CIBER Epidemiología Y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain ,grid.6162.30000 0001 2174 6723PHAGEX Research Group, Universitat Ramon Llull, Blanquerna School of Health Science, Barcelona, Spain
| | - C. O’Callaghan-Gordo
- grid.434607.20000 0004 1763 3517ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain, Barcelona, Spain ,grid.5612.00000 0001 2172 2676Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain ,grid.466571.70000 0004 1756 6246CIBER Epidemiología Y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain ,grid.36083.3e0000 0001 2171 6620Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - P. Dadvand
- grid.434607.20000 0004 1763 3517ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain, Barcelona, Spain ,grid.5612.00000 0001 2172 2676Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain ,grid.466571.70000 0004 1756 6246CIBER Epidemiología Y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - G. Moncunill
- grid.410458.c0000 0000 9635 9413ISGlobal, Hospital Clínic - Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - C. Dobaño
- grid.410458.c0000 0000 9635 9413ISGlobal, Hospital Clínic - Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - B. Cortés
- grid.429186.00000 0004 1756 6852Genomes for Life-GCAT Lab, Germans Trias I Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Badalona, Spain
| | | | - K. Straif
- grid.434607.20000 0004 1763 3517ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain, Barcelona, Spain ,grid.208226.c0000 0004 0444 7053Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA USA
| | - J. Garcia-Aymerich
- grid.434607.20000 0004 1763 3517ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain, Barcelona, Spain ,grid.5612.00000 0001 2172 2676Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain ,grid.466571.70000 0004 1756 6246CIBER Epidemiología Y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - R. de Cid
- grid.429186.00000 0004 1756 6852Genomes for Life-GCAT Lab, Germans Trias I Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Badalona, Spain
| | - E. Cardis
- grid.434607.20000 0004 1763 3517ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain, Barcelona, Spain ,grid.411142.30000 0004 1767 8811IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain ,grid.5612.00000 0001 2172 2676Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain ,grid.466571.70000 0004 1756 6246CIBER Epidemiología Y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - M. Kogevinas
- grid.434607.20000 0004 1763 3517ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain, Barcelona, Spain ,grid.411142.30000 0004 1767 8811IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain ,grid.5612.00000 0001 2172 2676Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain ,grid.466571.70000 0004 1756 6246CIBER Epidemiología Y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
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1672
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Vrublevska J, Renemane L, Kivite-Urtane A, Rancans E. Validation of the generalized anxiety disorder scales (GAD-7 and GAD-2) in primary care settings in Latvia. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:972628. [PMID: 36276320 PMCID: PMC9583259 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.972628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anxiety disorders are the most prevalent mental disorders in the world and have an important impact on the global burden of disease. Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is the most prevalent anxiety disorder encountered in primary care. There are no available validated anxiety screening tools in primary care in Latvia. We aimed to validate both a seven-item and a two-item generalized anxiety disorder scale (GAD-7 and GAD-2) in the Latvian and Russian languages, to detect generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) in primary care settings in Latvia. METHODS During a 1-week period, all patients aged 18 years or older visiting their GP (general practitioners) with any health concern at 24 primary care settings throughout Latvia were invited to complete the GAD-7 in their native language (Latvian or Russian). Criterion validity was assessed against the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI). RESULTS The study sample included 1,459 participants who completed the GAD-7 and the MINI. The GAD-7 items showed good internal reliability [Cronbach's alpha 0.87 for Latvian version and 0.85 for Russian version (for Latvia) of the GAD-7]. A cut-off score for detecting GAD of 5 or above was estimated for Latvian version of the GAD-7 (sensitivity 75.4%, specificity 68.9%, respectively) and 7 or above for Russian version of the GAD-7 (sensitivity 73.3%, specificity 84.1%, respectively). The internal reliability of the GAD-2 was lower for both languages (Cronbach's alpha 0.75 for Latvian version and 0.68 for Russian version of the GAD-2). A cut-off score of 2 or above was established for both the Latvian, and Russian versions of the GAD-2 (sensitivity 78.9 and 83.3%; specificity 63.7 and 69.1% for the Latvian and Russian versions of the GAD-2, accordingly) for detecting GAD. CONCLUSIONS This is the first study to report criterion validity of the Latvian and Russian (for Latvia) versions of the GAD-7 and GAD-2, assessed in a nationwide study conducted at the primary care level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelena Vrublevska
- Department of Psychiatry and Narcology, Riga Stradins University, Riga, Latvia.,Institute of Public Health, Riga Stradins University, Riga, Latvia
| | - Lubova Renemane
- Department of Psychiatry and Narcology, Riga Stradins University, Riga, Latvia
| | | | - Elmars Rancans
- Department of Psychiatry and Narcology, Riga Stradins University, Riga, Latvia
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1673
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Nishat JF, Shovo TEA, Ahammed B, Islam MA, Rahman MM, Hossain MT. Mental health status of early married girls during the COVID-19 pandemic: A study in the southwestern region of Bangladesh. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:1074208. [PMID: 36683997 PMCID: PMC9849885 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1074208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Due to unemployment, the prolonged lockdown during the COVID-19 pandemic caused panic and deepened poverty, especially among lower-class and marginal people. The related financial crises led to harmful practices such as the early marriage of adolescent girls, which deteriorated these girl's mental state. AIMS This study attempted to assess the prevalence of mental health problems among early married girls and determine the associated predictors of the growing mental health burden. METHODS This cross-sectional survey was conducted during the third wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Dumuria Upazila in the Khulna district of Bangladesh. Data were collected purposively from 304 girls who were married off during the COVID-19 pandemic, this was carried out between 22 July and 31 August 2022 by administering a semi-structured interview schedule, with mental health measured by the depression, anxiety, and stress scale 21 (DASS 21). The data were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics (version 25), and multiple linear regression was executed in order to predict mental health problems among early married girls. RESULTS The findings show that the overall prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress among early married girls during the COVID-19 pandemic in Bangladesh was 60.9% (95% CI: 0.554-0.663), 74.7% (95% CI: 0.698-0.796), and 23.7% (95% CI: 0.189-0.285). The prevalence was relatively higher among girls from the Sanatan (Hindu) religion and younger girls than among Muslim and older girls, respectively. The multiple linear regressions indicate that age, age at marriage, duration of the marriage, spousal occupation, intimate partner violence (IPV), and subjective happiness were the critical predictors of mental health problems among early married girls. CONCLUSION Early marriage, along with various adverse outcomes, i.e., IPV, maladjustment, and poor subjective happiness, has resulted in heightened mental health problems for young girls. Policymakers should implement coercive measures to prevent early marriage, especially during social, economic, political, and health crises; in addition, more research is recommended in order to explore the mechanisms that make early married girls psychologically vulnerable and thus formulate protective and preventive programs for addressing such vulnerabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Taufiq-E-Ahmed Shovo
- Sociology Discipline, Social Science School, Khulna University, Khulna, Bangladesh
| | - Benojir Ahammed
- Statistics Discipline, Science, Engineering and Technology School, Khulna University, Khulna, Bangladesh
| | - Md Akhtarul Islam
- Statistics Discipline, Science, Engineering and Technology School, Khulna University, Khulna, Bangladesh
| | | | - Md Tanvir Hossain
- Sociology Discipline, Social Science School, Khulna University, Khulna, Bangladesh
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1674
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Gomez-Baya D, Salinas-Perez JA, Sanchez-Lopez A, Paino-Quesada S, Mendoza-Berjano R. The Role of Developmental Assets in Gender Differences in Anxiety in Spanish Youth. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:810326. [PMID: 35546952 PMCID: PMC9081569 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.810326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Anxiety disorders are the most prevalent psychological disorders during emerging adulthood. Some consistent gender differences have been reported in anxiety with women suffering more anxiety than men, which has detrimental consequences in most life spheres in the youth and later life stages. The understanding of the development of anxiety in emerging adulthood requires a developmental perspective. The Developmental Assets Theory was postulated to describe the individual and the contextual resources which may foster positive youth development and mental health. The present study aims to analyze to what extent the gender differences in anxiety may be partly explained by gender differences in developmental assets. For this purpose, a cross-sectional study was conducted in which a sample of 1,044 youths (75.5% women; age range = 18-28; M age = 20.47, SD = 3.08) enrolled in 11 universities from different regions in Spain filled in self-report measures of developmental assets and anxiety symptoms. The participants completed an online survey with the scales, Developmental Assets Profile developed by the Search Institute (1) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) (2). The results showed more anxiety in the female subsample (at both the symptoms and clinical levels). Some gender differences in developmental assets were also observed. A partial mediation model, based on regression analyses, indicated that gender differences in anxiety were partly explained by gender differences in developmental assets. Thus, higher anxiety in the women was partly due to lower scores in positive identity and higher scores in positive values. These results suggested the need to design programs to prevent anxiety with specific measures for women youth to nurture positive identity and promote strengths and coping skills that allow them to get the benefits of well-being derived from positive values, thus, preventing worry and stress overload, which may lead to anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Gomez-Baya
- Department of Social, Developmental and Educational Psychology, Universidad de Huelva, Huelva, Spain
| | - Jose A Salinas-Perez
- Department of Quantitative Methods, Universidad Loyola Andalucía, Seville, Spain
| | - Alvaro Sanchez-Lopez
- Department of Personality, Evaluation and Psychological Treatment, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Susana Paino-Quesada
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Psychology, Universidad de Huelva, Huelva, Spain
| | - Ramon Mendoza-Berjano
- Department of Social, Developmental and Educational Psychology, Universidad de Huelva, Huelva, Spain
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1675
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Sapag JC, Traub C, Velasco PR, Arratia T, Alvarado R, Aracena M, Poblete FC, Villarroel L, Bravo P, Álvarez-Huenchulaf C, Jofré Escalona A, Vargas-Malebrán N, Bobbili S, Bustamante I, Khenti A, Corrigan PW. Reducing stigma toward mental illness and substance use issues in primary health care in Chile: Protocol of a cluster controlled trial study. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:1083042. [PMID: 36606131 PMCID: PMC9808783 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1083042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chile is implementing a Community Mental Health Model with a strong role of primary health care (PHC). PHC has great potential to early detection and provision of accessible and coordinated services to people who present mental illness and/or substance use issues (MISUI). However, stigma toward people with MISUI among PHC professionals is a significant barrier to accessing good quality of care. A wealth of literature supports the importance of reducing stigma for this population. The main goal of this research project is to determine the effectiveness of a comprehensive anti-stigma intervention in reducing stigmatizing attitudes and behaviors among PHC providers toward individuals with MISUI in the Chilean context, using Centros de Salud Familiar (CESFAMs) as the point of intervention. METHODS The intervention is based on an initiative that was previously developed in Canada and then also pilot-tested in Lima, Peru, with the Center for Addiction and Mental Health (Ontario, Canada). The model will be culturally adapted with CESFAM PHC provider and user inputs to be relevant and valid to Chile. The 18-month intervention includes five (5) components that are simultaneously implemented in CESFAMs: (1) Develop a Team of Local Champions in each intervention CESFAM, comprising PHC providers and users; (2) Analysis of Internal CESFAM Policies, Procedures, and Protocols to determine areas of improvement in service delivery for individuals with MISUI; (3) Raising Awareness of stigma toward MISUI using various forms of media within the CESFAM; (4) Innovative Contact-Based Education workshops on anti-stigma and recovery principles, co-lead by academic/clinical trainers and a person with lived experience of MISUI; and (5) Recovery-Based Arts, a multi-week arts workshop for PHC providers and users to produce artwork related to MISUI and recovery, culminating in an exhibition to showcase artwork for the CESFAM providers, users, and community. The expected intervention outcomes are the following: Participation in the experimental group will result in a significant decrease in stigmatizing attitudes among PHC providers toward individuals with MISUI compared with the control group as measured by the Chilean version of the Opening Minds Scale for Health Care Providers Scale (OMS-HC); Participation in the experimental group will result in a significant decrease of PHC users experiences of stigma conveyed by PHC providers compared with the control group as measured by the Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness (ISMI) scale, validated for the Chilean population. The changes in attitudes and behaviors within the experimental group will be sustained over time as measured at 6 months-follow-up. To evaluate the effectiveness of this 18-month intervention, a 4-year, two-arm, cluster-randomized controlled trial is proposed, with CESFAMs being the unit of randomization (or "cluster"). Implementation Science approach will be taken to measure relevant implementation outcomes for each component of the intervention, and through qualitative data collection with CESFAM providers and authorities. Data analysis will be carried out using SAS 9.4 (specifically, using POC MIXED and PROC GENMOD) and R 3.5. Mixed-effect modeling will used for both PHC provider and user data, which will include individuals and CESFAMs as random effects and group (intervention/control) as fixed effects. DISCUSSION This study represents a new stage of relevant and innovative research in mental health and stigma in Chile that will contribute to improving access and quality of care for people with MISUI. Evaluating the impact of the intervention model and its implementation will provide the necessary tools to scale the intervention up to other CESFAMs across Chile. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION [www.ClinicalTrials.gov], identifier [NCT05578066].
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaime C Sapag
- Departamento de Salud Pública, División de Salud Pública y Medicina Familiar, Escuela de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Departamento de Medicina Familiar, División de Salud Pública y Medicina Familiar, Escuela de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Carolina Traub
- Departamento de Salud Pública, División de Salud Pública y Medicina Familiar, Escuela de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Paola R Velasco
- Departamento de Salud Pública, División de Salud Pública y Medicina Familiar, Escuela de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Tamara Arratia
- Departamento de Salud Pública, División de Salud Pública y Medicina Familiar, Escuela de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Rubén Alvarado
- Departamento de Salud Pública, Escuela de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile.,Programa de Salud Mental, Escuela de Salud Pública, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Marcela Aracena
- Escuela de Psicología, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Fernando C Poblete
- Departamento de Salud Pública, División de Salud Pública y Medicina Familiar, Escuela de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Luis Villarroel
- Departamento de Salud Pública, División de Salud Pública y Medicina Familiar, Escuela de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Paulina Bravo
- Escuela de Enfermería, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Cinthia Álvarez-Huenchulaf
- Departamento de Salud Pública, División de Salud Pública y Medicina Familiar, Escuela de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ana Jofré Escalona
- Departamento de Salud Pública, División de Salud Pública y Medicina Familiar, Escuela de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Nelson Vargas-Malebrán
- Departamento de Salud Pública, División de Salud Pública y Medicina Familiar, Escuela de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Sireesha Bobbili
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Inés Bustamante
- Facultad de Salud Pública y Administración, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - Akwatu Khenti
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
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1676
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Kwok JOT, Yan RWK, Kwok CPC, Cheng GWH, Lin C, Wong BHC, Cheng ST, Lee ATC, Lam LCW. Common mental disorders during the COVID-19 pandemic in Hong Kong: Age-related differences and implications for dementia risk. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:909162. [PMID: 36186878 PMCID: PMC9515428 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.909162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic has imposed a profound negative impact on the mental health and wellbeing of societies and individuals worldwide. Older adults may be more vulnerable to the mental health effects of the pandemic, either directly from the infection itself or indirectly through the preventive measures. However, the existing literature on mental health in the older age groups has not been consistent so far. The aim of this study was therefore to assess the prevalence of common mental disorders (CMD; including depression and anxiety disorders) given their association with dementia risk, and to further examine age-related differences between older (≥60 years old) and younger (18-59 years old) adult's psychological status during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHOD This was a secondary analysis of a cross-sectional survey-study conducted during the second wave of COVID-19 pandemic in Hong Kong. The survey was disseminated through different social media platforms to the general population and included sociodemographic questions, self-reported physical health, and previous encounter with SARS or COVID-19. CMD was the primary outcome and was assessed using the 6-item Kessler Scale. A total of 1030 adults fulfilled inclusion criteria. RESULTS The prevalence of CMD during the pandemic was 16.1%. Compared to younger adults, older adults were significantly less likely to have a CMD (unadjusted OR = 0.07, 95% CI = 0.02-0.30, p < 0.001), with 18.1% of younger adults having CMD compared to 1.6% in the older cohort. Age differences remained significant after controlling for sociodemographic factors, physical health, and previous encounter with SARS or COVID-19 (adjusted OR = 0.12, 95% CI = 0.02-0.57, p = 0.008). CONCLUSION Common mental disorders are highly prevalent during the COVID-19 pandemic in Hong Kong, though older adults appeared to be less affected mentally. Present findings highlight the urgent need to implement measures and strategies to mitigate the mental health problems, with particular attention to the younger cohort. Given their association with higher dementia risk, early detection and treatment of depression and anxiety disorders will be of critical importance in providing some relief to the already pressurized dementia burden in the longer term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessie O T Kwok
- Department of Psychiatry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Rachel W K Yan
- Department of Psychiatry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Charlotte P C Kwok
- Department of Psychiatry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Gabriel W H Cheng
- Department of Psychiatry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Cuichan Lin
- Department of Psychiatry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Brian H C Wong
- Department of Psychiatry, Tai Po Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Sheung Tak Cheng
- Department of Health and Physical Education, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Allen T C Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Linda C W Lam
- Department of Psychiatry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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1677
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Lega I, Pelletier JF, Caroppo E. Editorial: Long term psychiatric care and COVID-19. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:979360. [PMID: 36016981 PMCID: PMC9396268 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.979360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Lega
- National Centre for Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Emanuele Caroppo
- Department of Mental Health, Roma 2 Local Health Authority, Rome, Italy
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1678
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Decio V, Pirard P, Pignon B, Bouaziz O, Perduca V, Chin F, Le Strat Y, Messika J, Kovess-Masfety V, Corruble E, Regnault N, Tebeka S. Hospitalization for COVID-19 is associated with a higher risk of subsequent hospitalization for psychiatric disorders: A French nationwide longitudinal study comparing hospitalizations for COVID-19 and for other reasons. Eur Psychiatry 2022; 65:e70. [DOI: 10.1192/j.eurpsy.2022.2331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Although COVID-19 has been associated with psychiatric symptoms in patients, no study to date has examined the risk of hospitalization for psychiatric disorders after hospitalization for this disease.
Objective
We aimed to compare the proportions of hospitalizations for psychiatric disorders in the 12 months following either hospitalization for COVID-19 or hospitalization for another reason in the adult general population in France during the first wave of the current pandemic.
Methods
We conducted a retrospective longitudinal nationwide study based on the national French administrative healthcare database.
Results
Among the 2,894,088 adults hospitalized, 96,313 (3.32%) were admitted for COVID-19. The proportion of patients subsequently hospitalized for a psychiatric disorder was higher for COVID-19 patients (11.09 vs. 9.24%, OR = 1.20 95%CI 1.18–1.23). Multivariable analyses provided similar results for a psychiatric disorder of any type and for psychotic and anxiety disorders (respectively, aOR = 1.06 95%CI 1.04–1.09, aOR = 1.09 95%CI 1.02–1.17, and aOR = 1.11 95%CI 1.08–1.14). Initial hospitalization for COVID-19 in intensive care units and psychiatric history were associated with a greater risk of subsequent hospitalization for any psychiatric disorder than initial hospitalization for another reason.
Discussion
Compared with hospitalizations for other reasons, hospitalizations for COVID-19 during the first wave of the pandemic in France were associated with a higher risk of hospitalization for a psychiatric disorder during the 12 months following initial discharge. This finding should encourage clinicians to increase the monitoring and assessment of psychiatric symptoms after hospital discharge for COVID-19, and to propose post-hospital care, especially for those treated in intensive care.
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1679
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Aebi NJ, Fink G, Wyss K, Schwenkglenks M, Baenteli I, Caviezel S, Studer A, Trost S, Tschudin S, Schaefert R, Meinlschmidt G. Association of Different Restriction Levels With COVID-19-Related Distress and Mental Health in Somatic Inpatients: A Secondary Analysis of Swiss General Hospital Data. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:872116. [PMID: 35592378 PMCID: PMC9113023 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.872116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and related countermeasures hinder health care access and affect mental wellbeing of non-COVID-19 patients. There is lack of evidence on distress and mental health of patients hospitalized due to other reasons than COVID-19-a vulnerable population group in two ways: First, given their risk for physical diseases, they are at increased risk for severe courses and death related to COVID-19. Second, they may struggle particularly with COVID-19 restrictions due to their dependence on social support. Therefore, we investigated the association of intensity of COVID-19 restrictions with levels of COVID-19-related distress, mental health (depression, anxiety, somatic symptom disorder, and mental quality of life), and perceived social support among Swiss general hospital non-COVID-19 inpatients. METHODS We analyzed distress of 873 hospital inpatients not admitted for COVID-19, recruited from internal medicine, gynecology, rheumatology, rehabilitation, acute geriatrics, and geriatric rehabilitation wards of three hospitals. We assessed distress due to the COVID-19 pandemic, and four indicators of mental health: depressive and anxiety symptom severity, psychological distress associated with somatic symptoms, and the mental component of health-related quality of life; additionally, we assessed social support. The data collection period was divided into modest (June 9 to October 18, 2020) and strong (October 19, 2020, to April 17, 2021) COVID-19 restrictions, based on the Oxford Stringency Index for Switzerland. RESULTS An additional 13% (95%-Confidence Interval 4-21%) and 9% (1-16%) of hospital inpatients reported distress related to leisure time and loneliness, respectively, during strong COVID-19 restrictions compared to times of modest restrictions. There was no evidence for changes in mental health or social support. CONCLUSIONS Focusing on the vulnerable population of general hospital inpatients not admitted for COVID-19, our results suggest that tightening of COVID-19 restrictions in October 2020 was associated with increased COVID-19-related distress regarding leisure time and loneliness, with no evidence for a related decrease in mental health. If this association was causal, safe measures to increase social interaction (e.g., virtual encounters and outdoor activities) are highly warranted. TRIAL REGISTRATION www.ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier: NCT04269005.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Julia Aebi
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Allschwil, Switzerland.,University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Günther Fink
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Allschwil, Switzerland.,University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Kaspar Wyss
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Allschwil, Switzerland.,University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Iris Baenteli
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Seraina Caviezel
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Anja Studer
- Department of Health Canton Basel-Stadt, Division of Prevention, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sarah Trost
- Department of Geriatric Medicine FELIX PLATTER, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sibil Tschudin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Rainer Schaefert
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Gunther Meinlschmidt
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Division of Clinical Psychology and Cognitive Behavioural Therapy, International Psychoanalytic University Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Division of Clinical Psychology and Epidemiology, Department of Psychology, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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1680
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Garcia FD, Neves MDCLD, Firmo JOA, Peixoto SV, Castro-Costa E. Prevalence of psychiatric symptoms and associated factors in the adult population from the area affected by the tailings dam rupture – Brumadinho Health Project. Rev bras epidemiol 2022; 25:e220011. [DOI: 10.1590/1980-549720220011.supl.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT: Objective: To examine the prevalence of psychiatric symptoms and associated factors in the adult population of Brumadinho (MG), after the dam collapse. Methods: We included 2,740 participants with information about symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, anxiety, thoughts of death/self-harm, and poor sleep quality collected in 2021. Prevalence values of all conditions were estimated to compare the prevalence of psychiatric symptoms with the participants’ sociodemographic characteristics and place of residence. Pearson’s c2 test was used, with Rao Scott’s correction. Crude and adjusted logistic regressions estimated odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals to assess the association between psychiatric symptoms and participants’ characteristics. Results: The most common condition was depressive symptoms (29.3%), followed by post-traumatic stress symptoms (22.9%) and anxious symptoms (18.9%). Regarding the association between participants’ characteristics in the adjusted analysis, being a female and living in a mining area was positively associated with symptoms of PTSD, depression, anxiety, thoughts of death/self-harm, and poor sleep quality. A positive association was also found between high school education and post-traumatic stress symptoms. In contrast a negative association was found between being aged ≥60 years and symptoms of PTSD, depression, and anxiety. Conclusion: High prevalence values were found for all psychiatric symptoms after the dam failure in Brumadinho. Being a female, living in the mining area, being ≥60 years old, and having an educational level were all associated with the psychiatric symptoms investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maila de Castro Lourenço das Neves
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil; Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil; Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil
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1681
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Tang Q, Wang Y, Li J, Luo D, Hao X, Xu J. Effect of Repeated Home Quarantine on Anxiety, Depression, and PTSD Symptoms in a Chinese Population During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-sectional Study. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:830334. [PMID: 35651827 PMCID: PMC9149163 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.830334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Strict quarantines can prevent the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic, but also increase the risk of mental illness. This study examined whether the people who have experienced repeated home quarantine performance more negative emotions such as anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in a Chinese population. METHODS We collected data from 2,514 participants in Pi County, Chengdu City, and stratified them into two groups. Group 1 comprised 1,214 individuals who were quarantined only once in early 2020, while Group 2 comprised 1,300 individuals who were quarantined in early 2020 and again in late 2020. Both groups were from the same community. The GAD-7, PHQ-9, and PCL-C scales were used to assess symptoms of anxiety, depression, and PTSD between the two groups. RESULTS Analyses showed that total PHQ-9 scores were significantly higher in Group 2 than in Group 1 (p < 0.001) and the quarantine times and age are independent predictors of symptoms of depression (p < 0.001). The two groups did not differ significantly in total GAD-7 or PCL-C scores. CONCLUSION Increasing quarantine times was associated with moderate to severe depression symptoms, but not with an increase in symptoms of anxiety or PTSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Tang
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, West China Hospital and West China School of Clinical Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ya Wang
- Department of Nursing, West China Hospital and West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, West China Hospital and West China School of Clinical Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dan Luo
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, West China Hospital and West China School of Clinical Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoting Hao
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital and West China School of Clinical Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiajun Xu
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, West China Hospital and West China School of Clinical Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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1682
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Hernández-Gómez A, Valdés-Florido MJ, Lahera G, Andrade-González N. Efficacy of Smartphone Apps in Patients With Depressive Disorders: A Systematic Review. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:871966. [PMID: 36032248 PMCID: PMC9411805 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.871966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Digital interventions have become an accessible format in clinical practice to provide better support for patients with mental disorders. However, the clinical efficacy in patients with depressive disorders is not well known. We aimed to determine the efficacy of smartphone applications (apps) in patients diagnosed with a depressive disorder. METHOD An electronic database search was performed of PubMed, PsycINFO, and Web of Science, to identify relevant articles up to June 12, 2021. Peer-reviewed articles were screened and selected based on predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria. RESULTS Seven articles met the inclusion criteria and therefore were selected for the systematic review, which included a total of 651 patients. The results were heterogeneous, essentially due to the different methodologies used in the selected studies. CONCLUSIONS Digital smartphone-delivered interventions do not appear to reduce depressive symptomatology nor improve the quality of life in patients diagnosed with depressive disorders when compared to an active control group. Taking into account the inherent methodological difficulties and the variability among such studies, it is apparent that further research-with more methodologically refined clinical trials, including larger sample sizes-is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Hernández-Gómez
- Department of Personality, Assessment and Clinical Psychology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - María José Valdés-Florido
- Psychiatry Service, University Hospital of Gran Canaria Dr. Negrín, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Guillermo Lahera
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Spain.,IRyCIS, CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain.,Príncipe de Asturias University Hospital, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - Nelson Andrade-González
- Psychiatry and Mental Health Research Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Spain.,Faculty of Medicine, Alfonso X el Sabio University, Villanueva de la Cañada, Madrid, Spain
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1683
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Shi W, Zhao L, Liu M, Hong B, Jiang L, Jia P. Resilience and mental health: A longitudinal cohort study of Chinese adolescents before and during COVID-19. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:948036. [PMID: 36061276 PMCID: PMC9428694 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.948036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 outbreak has resulted in mental health issues, mainly depression and anxiety, prompted by stressors such as the need to maintain social distance, adapting to quarantine, and lockdown policies. Resilience may be vital in protecting individuals from mental disorders. However, few studies have examined the longitudinal relationships between resilience and mental disorders (i.e., depression and anxiety) among adolescents before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to examine the association between resilience, depression, and anxiety among Chinese adolescents before and during COVID-19 using a longitudinal cross-lagged model. METHODS A total of 7,958 Chinese adolescents completed a baseline survey in the month before COVID-19 and were followed up after the COVID-19 lockdown. Structural equation modeling analyses were applied to evaluate the associations between resilience, depression, and anxiety after controlling for three covariates (i.e., gender, age, and COVID-19 effect). RESULTS A higher level of resilience before COVID-19 significantly predicted decreased severity of depression and anxiety after the lockdown. Moreover, the mean level of resilience and prevalence of mental disorders (i.e., depression and anxiety) among Chinese adolescents decreased after the lockdown. These findings suggest resilience is a vital protective factor against depression and anxiety among adolescents. Furthermore, younger participants and those less affected by the pandemic could be more resilient. No significant link was found between gender and resilience in the second wave. CONCLUSIONS Resilience is an essential protective factor for reducing mental disorders among Chinese adolescents exposed to COVID-19. Resilience-related interventions should be developed to efficiently promote mental health recovery among youth during pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Shi
- Institute for Disaster Management and Reconstruction (IDMR), Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Zhao
- Department of Health Policy and Management, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Min Liu
- Department of Health Behavior and Social Medicine, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Binxue Hong
- Department of Health Policy and Management, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lihua Jiang
- Department of Health Policy and Management, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Peng Jia
- Institute for Disaster Management and Reconstruction (IDMR), Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,International Institute of Spatial Lifecourse Health (ISLE), Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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1684
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Zhao G, Xie F, Li S, Ding Y, Li X, Liu H. The relationship between perceived social support with anxiety, depression, and insomnia among Chinese college students during the COVID-19 pandemic: The mediating role of self-control. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:994376. [PMID: 36276317 PMCID: PMC9582516 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.994376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECT We aimed to investigate the associations between perceived social support and anxiety, depression, and sleep disturbance via self-control among Chinese college students during the COVID-19 pandemic. MATERIALS AND METHODS The Perceived Social Support Scale, Self-control Scale, Self-rating Anxiety Scale, Self-rating Depression Scale, and Insomnia Severity Index Scale were used to survey 1,997 college students during the COVID-19 pandemic, who submitted valid questionnaires (M age = 19.93, SD age = 1.47, Range = 18-24 years, 62% female). RESULTS The perceived social support and self-control were significantly positively correlated, and they were significantly and negatively associated with anxiety, depression, and insomnia. Further analysis found that self-control partially mediated the relationships between perceived social support with anxiety, depression, and insomnia. CONCLUSION During the COVID-19 pandemic, Chinese college students' self-control played a partial mediating effect in the relationships between perceived social support and anxiety, depression, and insomnia. This study provides new insights and inspiration for improving college students' mental health in the context of the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guojun Zhao
- School of Psychology, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, China.,Academy of Plateau Science and Sustainability, Qinghai Normal University, Xining, China
| | - Fusen Xie
- School of Psychology, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Shuangchen Li
- School of Psychology, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yuee Ding
- Mental Health education Center, Gansu Health Vocational College, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xu Li
- Mental Health education Center, Gansu Health Vocational College, Lanzhou, China
| | - Haijian Liu
- School of Education, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, China
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1685
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Hatcher AM, Mkhize SP, Parker A, de Kadt J. Depressive symptoms and violence exposure in a population-based sample of adult women in South Africa. PLOS Glob Public Health 2022; 2:e0001079. [PMID: 36962572 PMCID: PMC10021317 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0001079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 03/26/2023]
Abstract
Depressive symptoms are a major burden of disease globally and is associated with violence and poverty. However, much of the research linking these conditions is from resource-rich settings and among smaller, clinical samples. Secondary data from a household survey in Gauteng Province of South Africa examines the cross-sectional association between adult women's elevated depressive symptoms and markers of violence. Using tablet computers, participants self-completed interview modules to screen for depressive symptoms (Patient Health Questionnaire 2-item screener), childhood exposure to physical and sexual abuse (Childhood Trauma Questionnaire 4-item index), as well as past-year exposure to sexual or intimate partner violence (SIPV; WHO Multicountry Study instrument 4-item index). Socio-economic status, food security, education, and income were self-reported. Representative data at the ward level allows for modeling of results using survey commands and mixed-level modeling. Of the 7,276 adult women participating in the household survey, 42.1% reported elevated depressive symptoms. A total of 63.9% reported childhood violence exposure and 5.3% had past-year SIPV. Multi-level modeling suggests that violence is a strong predictor of depressive symptoms. Childhood abuse alone increases the odds of high depressive symptomology, after controlling for individual-level markers of poverty and neighborhood of residence (aOR 1.31, 95%, CI 1.17-1.37). Combined exposure to childhood abuse and past-year SIPV increased odds of reporting elevated depressive symptoms (aOR 2.05, 95%, CI 1.54-2.71). Ward characteristics account for 6% of the variance in depressive symptoms, over and above the contributions of household food security and socio-economic status. Exposure to violence in childhood and past-year SIPV were associated with depressive symptoms among women. These associations persist after controlling for socio-economic markers and latent neighborhood characteristics, which also had significant association with elevated depressive symptoms. These data suggest that efforts to reduce the burden of depressive symptoms may benefit from approaches that prevent violence against women and children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail M Hatcher
- Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Sthembiso Pollen Mkhize
- Gauteng City Regional Observatory, University of Johannesburg and University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Alexandra Parker
- Gauteng City Regional Observatory, University of Johannesburg and University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Julia de Kadt
- Gauteng City Regional Observatory, University of Johannesburg and University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
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1686
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Guo XJ, Wu P, Jia X, Dong YM, Zhao CM, Chen NN, Zhang ZY, Miao YT, Yun KM, Gao CR, Ren Y. Mapping the structure of depression biomarker research: A bibliometric analysis. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:943996. [PMID: 36186850 PMCID: PMC9523516 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.943996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression is a common mental disorder and the diagnosis is still based on the descriptions of symptoms. Biomarkers can reveal disease characteristics for diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment. In recent years, many biomarkers relevant to the mechanisms of depression have been identified. This study uses bibliometric methods and visualization tools to analyse the literature on depression biomarkers and its hot topics, and research frontiers to provide references for future research. METHODS Scientific publications related to depression biomarkers published between 2009 and 2022 were obtained from the Web of Science database. The BICOMB software was used to extract high-frequency keywords and to construct binary word-document and co-word matrices. gCLUTO was used for bicluster and visual analyses of high-frequency keywords. Further graphical visualizations were generated using R, CiteSpace and VOSviewer software. RESULTS A total of 14,403 articles related to depression biomarkers were identified. The United States (34.81%) and China (15.68%), which together account for more than half of all publications, can be considered the research base for the field. Among institutions, the University of California, University of London, and Harvard University are among the top in terms of publication number. Three authors (Maes M, Penninx B.W.J.H., and Berk M) emerged as eminent researchers in the field. Finally, eight research hotspots for depression biomarkers were identified using reference co-citation analysis. CONCLUSION This study used bibliometric methods to characterize the body of literature and subject knowledge in the field of depression biomarker research. Among the core biomarkers of depression, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), cytokines, and oxidative stress are relatively well established; however, research on machine learning, metabolomics, and microRNAs holds potential for future development. We found "microRNAs" and "gut microbiota" to be the most recent burst terms in the study of depression biomarkers and the likely frontiers of future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Jie Guo
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Peng Wu
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xiao Jia
- College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yi-Ming Dong
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Chun-Mei Zhao
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Nian-Nian Chen
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Zhi-Yong Zhang
- Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yu-Ting Miao
- Department of Psychology, School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Ke-Ming Yun
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Cai-Rong Gao
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yan Ren
- Department of Psychiatry, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.,Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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1687
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Malandain L, Fountoulakis KN, Syunyakov T, Malashonkova E, Smirnova D, Thibaut F. Psychoactive substance use, internet use and mental health changes during the COVID-19 lockdown in a French population: A study of gender effect. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:958988. [PMID: 36072458 PMCID: PMC9441492 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.958988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION COVID-19 has enormous impacts on each individual. The goals of our study were (1) to assess the rate of internet and psychoactive substance use, clinical depression and anxiety in a French population during the lockdown (2) to study the role of clinical and socio-demographic variables (especially, gender). MATERIALS AND METHODS During lockdown, an online anonymous questionnaire was used to assess socio-demographic and health data, previous psychiatric history, anterior and current internet and psychoactive substance use, current anxiety, depression and suicidal ideation. The associations of socio-demographic, clinical variables with anxiety, depression, internet or psychoactive substance use were examined. RESULTS The study included 263 participants (aged 38.1 ± 15.3-197 males and 64 females). During the lockdown, internet use increased in 14.4% of cases, alcohol use in 20.2%, and tobacco use in 6.8%. In contrast, more participants reported a decrease in alcohol, tobacco or illicit drug use (25.9, 24, and 27.8% respectively). Anxiety was reported in 62.4% and depression in 20.2% of cases; 29.7% of participants reported an increase in anxiety and 25.5% an increase in depression. Depression was associated with an increase in internet and tobacco use. Tobacco and alcohol use were positively associated and an increase in use was more frequent in previous users of both substances. Maintaining a daily routine and relationships with family, being self-employed were associated to lower risks of depression and anxiety. CONCLUSION Higher rates of internet use, as well as depression and anxiety, were observed during the lockdown. Gender was not a significant associated factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leo Malandain
- Department of Psychiatry-Addictology, University Hospital Cochin (Hospital Tarnier, AP-HP), Paris, France
| | - Konstantinos N Fountoulakis
- Third Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Timur Syunyakov
- Education Center, Mental-health Clinic, N.A. Alexeev of Moscow Healthcare Department, Moscow, Russia.,Zakusov Institute of Pharmacology, Moscow, Russia.,International Centre for Education and Research in Neuropsychiatry, Samara State Medical University, Samara, Russia
| | | | - Daria Smirnova
- International Centre for Education and Research in Neuropsychiatry, Samara State Medical University, Samara, Russia.,Department of Psychiatry, Narcology, Psychotherapy and Clinical Psychology, Samara State Medical University, Samara, Russia.,Institute of Personalized Psychiatry and Neurology, V.M. Bekhterev National Medical Research Center for Psychiatry and Neurology, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Florence Thibaut
- Department of Psychiatry-Addictology, University Hospital Cochin (Hospital Tarnier, AP-HP), Paris, France.,INSERM U1266, Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, University of Paris Cité, Paris, France
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1688
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Wang H, Liu J, He J, Huang D, Xi Y, Xiao T, Ouyang Q, Zhang S, Wan S, Chen X. Potential mechanisms underlying the therapeutic roles of sinisan formula in depression: Based on network pharmacology and molecular docking study. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:1063489. [PMID: 36440424 PMCID: PMC9681910 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1063489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The incidence of depression has been increasing globally, which has brought a serious burden to society. Sinisan Formula (SNSF), a well-known formula of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), has been found to demonstrate an antidepressant effect. However, the therapeutic mechanism of this formula remains unclear. Thus, the present study aimed to explore the mechanism of SNSF in depression through network pharmacology combined with molecular docking methods. MATERIALS AND METHODS Bioactive compounds, potential targets of SNSF, and related genes of depression were obtained from public databases. Essential ingredients, potential targets, and signaling pathways were identified using bioinformatics analysis, including protein-protein interaction (PPI), the Gene Ontology (GO), and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG). Subsequently, Autodock software was further performed for conducting molecular docking to verify the binding ability of active ingredients to targets. RESULTS A total of 91 active compounds were successfully identified in SNSF with the use of the comprehensive network pharmacology approach, and they were found to be closely connected to 112 depression-related targets, among which CREB1, NOS3, CASP3, TP53, ESR1, and SLC6A4 might be the main potential targets for the treatment of depression. GO analysis revealed 801 biological processes, 123 molecular functions, and 67 cellular components. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis indicated that neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction, serotonergic synapse pathways, dopaminergic synapse pathways, and GABAergic synapse pathways might have played a role in treating depression. Molecular docking suggested that beta-sitosterol, nobiletin, and 7-methoxy-2-methyl isoflavone bound well to the main potential targets. CONCLUSION This study comprehensively illuminated the active ingredients, potential targets, primary pharmacological effects, and relevant mechanism of the SNSF in the treatment of depression. SNSF might exert its antidepressant effects by regulating the signaling pathway of 5-hydroxytryptamine, dopamine, GABA, and neuroactive ligand receptor interactions. Still, more pharmacological experiments are needed for verification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.,Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Jiaqin Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jinbiao He
- Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Dengxia Huang
- Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Yujiang Xi
- Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Ting Xiao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Qian Ouyang
- Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Shiwei Zhang
- Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Siyan Wan
- Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Xudong Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
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1689
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Itani R, Mattar L, Kharroubi S, Bosqui T, Diab-el-harake M, Jomaa L. Food insecurity and mental health of college students in Lebanon: a cross-sectional study. J Nutr Sci 2022; 11. [PMID: 36106091 PMCID: PMC9428660 DOI: 10.1017/jns.2022.68] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to assess the prevalence of food insecurity (FI) among college students and explore its association with indicators of mental and psychosocial health. Data were collected using a cross-sectional online survey from college students in different universities in Lebanon during the Spring 2021 semester. FI was assessed using the validated eight-item food insecurity experience scale. The mental health of college students was assessed using validated screening tools for depression, anxiety and well-being, namely the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), the General Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) and the World Health Organization (WHO-5) index, respectively. Multiple linear regression models were conducted to assess the relationship of FI with PHQ-9, GAD-7 and WHO-5 scores. A total of 745 students completed the online survey. Approximately 39 % of students in the sample were experiencing FI of which 27·4, 8·1, and 3·5 % were experiencing mild, moderate and severe FI , respectively. Low maternal education, low household monthly income and high levels of stress were significant correlates of FI among college students (P-trend < 0·001). In addition, 22·6 and 34·4 % of students showed severe symptoms of depression and anxiety, respectively. Regression models showed that FI was associated with higher scores on PHQ-9 and GAD-7 (β = 2·45; 95 % CI [1·41, 3·49]) and (β = 1·4; 95 % CI [1·1, 2·2], respectively) and lower scores on WHO-5 (β = −4·84; 95 % CI [−8·2, −1·5]). In conclusion, a remarkable proportion of college students reported experiencing different forms of FI, which was associated with poorer mental health and well-being outcomes. Public health programmes and interventions are needed to mitigate FI and improve student health-related outcomes.
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1690
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von Mücke-Heim IA, Walter I, Nischwitz S, Erhardt A. Combined Fainting and Psychogenic Non-epileptic Seizures as Significant Therapy Hurdles in Blood-Injury-Injection Phobia: A Mini-Review and Case Report. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:915058. [PMID: 35903630 PMCID: PMC9314666 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.915058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anxiety disorders are the most frequent mental disorders. Among the different subtypes, specific phobias are the commonest. Due to the ongoing SARS-CoV-19 pandemic, blood-injury-injection phobia (BII) has gained wider attention in the context of large-scale vaccination campaigns and public health. In this BII phobia mini-review and case report, we describe the successful treatment of a severe BII phobia case with combined fainting and psychogenic non-epileptic seizures (PNES) and demonstrate the role of specialized outpatient care. CASE REPORT The patient was a 28-year-old woman. She suffered from intense fear and recurrent fainting with regard to needles, injections, injuries, and at the sight of blood since early childhood. Medical history revealed infrequent events suggestive of PNES following panic attacks after sustained exposure to phobic stimuli. Family history was positive for circulation problems and BII fears. Psychopathological evaluation confirmed BII phobia symptoms and diagnosis was made according to the DSM-5. The Multidimensional Blood/Injury Phobia Inventory short version (MBPI-K) revealed severe manifestation of the disease. Neurological examination was ordinary. Repeated electroencephalography detected no epileptic pattern. Cranial magnetic resonance imaging showed normal morphology. Treatment was carried out by a seasoned, multidisciplinary team. Cognitive behavior therapy and exposure were performed. Modification of standard treatment protocol was necessary due to hurdles posed by recurrent fainting and a severe panic-triggered dissociative PNES during in vivo exposure. Modification was implemented by limiting in vivo exposure intensity to moderate anxiety levels. In addition to applied muscle tension and ventilation techniques, increased psychoeducation, cognitive restructuring, and distress tolerance skills (e.g., ice pack, verbal self-instructions) were used to strengthen the patient's situational control during in vivo exposure. A total of 15 sessions were performed. Therapy success was proven by 83% reduction in MBPI-K rating, SARS-CoV-19 vaccination, and a blood draw without psychological assistance, fainting, or seizure. CONCLUSION Taken together, this case demonstrates the potential of and need for specialized outpatient care and individualized treatment for severe BII phobia patients in order to provide them the perspective to have necessary medical procedures done and get vaccinated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iven-Alex von Mücke-Heim
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Outpatient Clinic, Munich, Germany.,International Max Planck Research School for Translational Psychiatry (IMPRS-TP), Munich, Germany
| | - Isabelle Walter
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Outpatient Clinic, Munich, Germany
| | - Sandra Nischwitz
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Outpatient Clinic, Munich, Germany
| | - Angelika Erhardt
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Outpatient Clinic, Munich, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry, Clinical Anxiety Research, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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1691
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Moreno M, Wielandt AM, Encina G, Ortiz L. Farmacogenética en psiquiatría: estudio de variantes alélicas del CYP450 en pacientes chilenos con patología psiquiátrica. Revista Médica Clínica Las Condes 2022; 33:58-67. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rmclc.2021.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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1692
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Tavares-Júnior JWL, Oliveira DN, da Silva JBS, Feitosa WLQ, Sousa AVM, Cunha LCV, Gaspar SDB, Gomes CMP, de Oliveira LLB, Moreira-Nunes CA, Montenegro RC, Sobreira-Neto MA, Braga-Neto P. Long-covid cognitive impairment: Cognitive assessment and apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotyping correlation in a Brazilian cohort. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:947583. [PMID: 36046159 PMCID: PMC9423011 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.947583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Few studies have objectively evaluated cognitive deficits after the acute phase of COVID-19 disease. Moreover, the role of apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotypes in cognitive decline in patients with COVID-19 has not been evaluated yet. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted in confirmed cases of COVID-19 patients with neurological symptoms that persisted for more than 3 months from the onset. We determined APOE genotypes. RESULTS The final sample consisted of 141 patients. The most frequent APOE genotype was E3/E3 (N = 95; 67.3%). In total, 93 patients (65.9%) had memory impairment symptoms as the main complaint, objectively confirmed through screening tests in 25 patients (17.7%). Patients with cognitive impairment had a lower frequency of anosmia than the normal and subjective cognitive decline (SCD) groups (p = 0.005). In addition, depression was recurrent in the cognitive impairment group and the SCD group (p = 0.046). Cognitive impairment was significantly more frequent in hospitalized patients and those with a lower education level. Cognitive status was not associated with APOE genotypes. DISCUSSION Hospitalized patients had more severe infection with a greater possibility of systemic complications, greater inflammatory response, and prolonged hospitalization, which could impact cognitive performance. Cognitive impairment in patients with COVID-19 does not necessarily involve specific APOE polymorphisms. However, psychiatric disorders may also be responsible for cognitive complaints. Cognitive complaints are frequent in patients with COVID-19, even after the acute phase of the disease and in mild cases. Hospitalized participants and depressed patients may have a higher risk of cognitive impairment. APOE genotypes or haplotypes may not significantly play a role in COVID-19 cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Danilo Nunes Oliveira
- Neurology Section, Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Jean Breno Silveira da Silva
- Drug Research and Development Center (NPDM), Pharmacogenetics Laboratory, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Werbety Lucas Queiroz Feitosa
- Neurology Section, Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Artur Victor Menezes Sousa
- Neurology Section, Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Letícia Chaves Vieira Cunha
- Neurology Section, Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | | | | | - Laís Lacerda Brasil de Oliveira
- Drug Research and Development Center (NPDM), Pharmacogenetics Laboratory, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Caroline Aquino Moreira-Nunes
- Drug Research and Development Center (NPDM), Pharmacogenetics Laboratory, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Raquel Carvalho Montenegro
- Drug Research and Development Center (NPDM), Pharmacogenetics Laboratory, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Manoel Alves Sobreira-Neto
- Neurology Section, Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Pedro Braga-Neto
- Neurology Section, Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.,Center of Health Sciences, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
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1693
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Abstract
The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is still spreading worldwide over 2 years since its outbreak. The psychopathological implications in COVID-19 survivors such as depression, anxiety, and cognitive impairments are now recognized as primary symptoms of the "post-acute COVID-19 syndrome." Depressive psychopathology was reported in around 35% of patients at short, medium, and long-term follow-up after the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Post-COVID-19 depressive symptoms are known to increase fatigue and affect neurocognitive functioning, sleep, quality of life, and global functioning in COVID-19 survivors. The psychopathological mechanisms underlying post-COVID-19 depressive symptoms are mainly related to the inflammation triggered by the peripheral immune-inflammatory response to the viral infection and to the persistent psychological burden during and after infection. The large number of SARS-CoV-2-infected patients and the high prevalence of post-COVID-19 depressive symptoms may significantly increase the pool of people suffering from depressive disorders. Therefore, it is essential to screen, diagnose, treat, and monitor COVID-19 survivors' psychopathology to counteract the depression disease burden and related years of life lived with disability. This paper reviews the current literature in order to synthesize the available evidence regarding epidemiology, clinical features, neurobiological underpinning, and pharmacological treatment of post-COVID-19 depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Gennaro Mazza
- Psychiatry and Clinical Psychobiology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS Scientific Institute Ospedale San Raffaele, San Raffaele Turro, Via Stamira d'Ancona 20, 20127, Milan, Italy. .,Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy. .,PhD Program in Cognitive Neuroscience, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.
| | - Mariagrazia Palladini
- Psychiatry and Clinical Psychobiology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS Scientific Institute Ospedale San Raffaele, San Raffaele Turro, Via Stamira d’Ancona 20, 20127 Milan, Italy ,grid.15496.3f0000 0001 0439 0892Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy ,grid.15496.3f0000 0001 0439 0892PhD Program in Cognitive Neuroscience, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Poletti
- Psychiatry and Clinical Psychobiology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS Scientific Institute Ospedale San Raffaele, San Raffaele Turro, Via Stamira d’Ancona 20, 20127 Milan, Italy ,grid.15496.3f0000 0001 0439 0892Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Benedetti
- Psychiatry and Clinical Psychobiology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS Scientific Institute Ospedale San Raffaele, San Raffaele Turro, Via Stamira d’Ancona 20, 20127 Milan, Italy ,grid.15496.3f0000 0001 0439 0892Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
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1694
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Gribble RSF, Durham JR, Roy SF. Hidden within a pandemic: how is international funding supporting mental health during COVID-19? Glob Ment Health (Camb) 2022; 9:173-80. [PMID: 36606234 DOI: 10.1017/gmh.2022.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is bringing to light the long-neglected area of mental health. Current evidence demonstrates an increase in mental, neurological and substance use conditions globally. Although long-established as a leading cause of disease burden, mental health has been historically grossly underfunded. This analysis seeks to demonstrate the extent to which funding for mental health has been prioritised within the international COVID-19 response. METHODS The authors analysed the development and humanitarian funding through data provided by the International Aid Transparency Initiative. Project-level COVID-19 data from January 2020 to March 2021 were reviewed for mental health relevance. Relevant projects were then classified into categories based on populations of concern for mental health and the degree of COVID-19 involvement. Financial information was assessed through project transaction data in US Dollars. RESULTS Of the 8319 projects provided, 417 were mental health relevant. Mental health-relevant funding accounted for less than 2% of all COVID-19 development and humanitarian funding. Target populations which received the majority of mental health relevant funding were children and humanitarian populations, and 46% of funding went towards activities which combined COVID-19 responses with general humanitarian actions. Over half of mental health relevant funding was received by ten countries, and ten donor organisations provided almost 90% of funding. CONCLUSION This analysis shows that the international donor community is currently falling short in supporting mental health within and beyond the COVID-19 pandemic. As the pandemic continues, sustainable country-led awareness, treatment, and prevention for mental, neurological and substance use conditions must be prioritised.
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1695
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Feng T, Ren L, Liu C, Li K, Wu L, Wei X, Yuan S, Cui LB, Yang X, Li D, Yang W, Li Y, Wang B, Wang H, Liu X. The relations between different components of intolerance of uncertainty and symptoms of depression during the COVID-19 pandemic: A network analysis. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:993814. [PMID: 36311506 PMCID: PMC9613443 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.993814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The relations between depression and intolerance of uncertainty (IU) have been extensively investigated during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, there is a lack of understanding on how each component of IU may differentially affect depression symptoms and vice versa. The current study used a network approach to reveal the component-to-symptom interplay between IU and depression and identify intervention targets for depression during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS A total of 624 college students participated in the current study. An IU-Depression network was estimated using items from the 12-item Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9. We examined the network structure, node centrality, and node bridge centrality to identify component-to-symptom pathways, central nodes, and bridge nodes within the IU-Depression network. RESULTS Several distinct pathways (e.g., "Frustration when facing uncertainty" and "Feelings of worthlessness") emerged between IU and Depression. "Fatigue" and "Frustration when facing uncertainty" were identified as the central nodes in the estimated network. "Frustration when facing uncertainty," "Psychomotor agitation/retardation," and "Depressed or sad mood" were identified as bridging nodes between the IU and Depression communities. CONCLUSION By delineating specific pathways between IU and depression and highlighting the influential role of "Frustration when facing uncertainty" in maintaining the IU-Depression co-occurrence, current findings may inform targeted prevention and interventions for depression during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingwei Feng
- Military Medical Psychology School, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lei Ren
- Military Medical Psychology School, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chang Liu
- BrainPark, Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health and School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Kuiliang Li
- School of Psychology, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lin Wu
- Military Medical Psychology School, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xinyi Wei
- Department of Psychology, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Shangqing Yuan
- School of Psychology, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Long-Biao Cui
- Military Medical Psychology School, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xi Yang
- Department of Health Economy Management, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Danyang Li
- College of Education Science, Changji University, Changji, China
| | - Wei Yang
- Psychological Counseling Center, Xijing University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ye Li
- Psychological Counseling Center, Xijing University, Xi'an, China
| | - Buyao Wang
- Clinical and Psychological Counseling, DongFang College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Langfang, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Military Medical Psychology School, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xufeng Liu
- Military Medical Psychology School, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
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1696
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Haimov I, Szepsenwol O, Cohen A. Associations Between Childhood Stressors, COVID-19-Related Anxiety, and Sleep Quality of Adults During the Third Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Israel. Nat Sci Sleep 2022; 14:1665-1675. [PMID: 36164409 PMCID: PMC9508998 DOI: 10.2147/nss.s378271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Studies point to a persistent effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on sleep quality and mental health, including anxiety. Exposure to stressors during childhood increases the susceptibility to anxiety in later life. Given the negative effects of anxiety on sleep quality, the present study aimed to examine the associations between various childhood stressors and poor sleep quality of adults during the COVID-19 pandemic, and whether these associations are mediated by COVID-19-related anxiety. PARTICIPANTS AND METHODS A total of 586 participants aged 18-40 (mean age 27.53± 6.48 years, 301 females) were recruited to take part in an online survey conducted in Israel between February 7 and 15, 2021, during the third wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. Participants completed questionnaires assessing retrospectively adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), childhood harshness (indexed separately by exposure to morbidity and mortality and low socioeconomic status, SES), and childhood unpredictability. COVID-19-related anxiety was assessed using two items. Sleep quality was measured using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and insomnia symptoms with the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI). Participants were asked to complete the ISI concerning two time points: (a) retrospectively, before the COVID-19 outbreak, and (b) currently, during the pandemic. RESULTS Path analysis indicated that poor sleep quality (PSQI) was directly and indirectly (through COVID-19-related anxiety) predicted by the number of ACEs and childhood morbidity-mortality exposure, directly predicted by childhood low SES, and indirectly predicted by childhood unpredictability. Insomnia symptoms increase (ISI) was indirectly predicted by the number of ACEs, childhood morbidity-mortality exposure, and childhood unpredictability. CONCLUSION ACEs as well as harsh and unpredictable childhood environments are predictive of poorer sleep during the COVID-19 pandemic. COVID-19-related anxiety mediates the effects of childhood stressors (other than low SES) on sleep. These findings may have clinical implications relevant to stressful periods in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris Haimov
- The Center for Psychobiological Research and The Department of Psychology, The Max Stern Yezreel Valley College, Yezreel Valley, Israel
| | - Ohad Szepsenwol
- The Center for Psychobiological Research and The Department of Education and Educational Counseling, The Max Stern Yezreel Valley College, Yezreel Valley, Israel
| | - Ami Cohen
- The Center for Psychobiological Research and The Department of Psychology, The Max Stern Yezreel Valley College, Yezreel Valley, Israel
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1697
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Chen F, Wang L, Ding Z. Alteration of whole-brain amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation and degree centrality in patients with mild to moderate depression: A resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging study. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:1061359. [PMID: 36569607 PMCID: PMC9768018 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1061359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mild to moderate depressive disorder has a high risk of progressing to major depressive disorder. METHODS Low-frequency amplitude and degree centrality were calculated to compare 49 patients with mild to moderate depression and 21 matched healthy controls. Correlation analysis was conducted to explore the correlation between the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) and the degree centrality (DC) of altered brain region and the scores of clinical scale. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were further analyzed to evaluate the predictive value of above altered ALFF and DC areas as image markers for mild to moderate depression. RESULTS Compared with healthy controls, patients with mild to moderate depression had lower ALFF values in the left precuneus and posterior cingulate gyrus [voxel p < 0.005, cluster p < 0.05, Gaussian random field correction (GRF) corrected] and lower DC values in the left insula (voxel p < 0.005, cluster p < 0.05, GRF corrected). There was a significant negative correlation between DC in the left insula and scale scores of Zung's Depression Scale (ZungSDS), Beck Self-Rating Depression Scale (BDI), Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS26), and Ruminative Thinking Response Scale (RRS_SUM, RRS_REFLECTION, RRS_DEPR). Finally, ROC analysis showed that the ALFF of the left precuneus and posterior cingulate gyrus had a sensitivity of 61.9% and a specificity of 79.6%, and the DC of the left insula had a sensitivity of 81% and a specificity of 85.7% in differentiating mild to moderate depression from healthy controls. CONCLUSION Intrinsic abnormality of the brain was mainly located in the precuneus and insular in patients with mild to moderate depression, which provides insight into potential neurological mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenyang Chen
- The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Luoyu Wang
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhongxiang Ding
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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1698
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Lin J, Ling F, Huang P, Chen M, Song M, Lu K, Wang W. The Development of GABAergic Network in Depression in Recent 17 Years: A Visual Analysis Based on CiteSpace and VOSviewer. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:874137. [PMID: 35664493 PMCID: PMC9157549 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.874137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we analyzed the status and research trends of the GABAergic system in depression from 2004 to 2020 to provide a reference for further research. The Web of Science database was used as the data source and 1,658 publishments were included. Using two visualization analysis software, CiteSpace and VOSviewer, we analyzed the publishing years, countries, institutions, authors, journals, categories, keywords, and research frontiers in depression. The publishments revealed an upward trend from 2004 to 2020; the most prolific country and institutions were the United States and INSERM, respectively. The journal of Neuroscience was the most published and cited journal. The most relevant category was neurosciences. The hot topics in this field were GABAergic research in Gaba(a) receptor; the research frontier was depressive model. These analysis results provide a new perspective for researchers to conduct studies on related topics in the future and guidance for scientists to identify potential collaborators and research cooperation institutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieping Lin
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fa Ling
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ping Huang
- Laboratory Animal Management Center, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Min Chen
- College of Medical Examination and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Min Song
- Southern Medical University Library, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kangrong Lu
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Safety Evaluation of Cosmetics, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wanshan Wang
- Laboratory Animal Management Center, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangzhou Southern Medical Laboratory Animal Sci. and Tech. Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, China
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1699
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Kavanagh BE, O'Donohue JS, Ashton MM, Lotfaliany M, McCallum M, Wrobel AL, Croce S, Berk M, Saunders L, Lai J, Berk L. Coping with COVID-19: Exploring coping strategies, distress, and post-traumatic growth during the COVID-19 pandemic in Australia. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:1025767. [PMID: 36339873 PMCID: PMC9630636 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1025767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to explore coping strategies, distress, and post-traumatic growth among Australians with and without a history of a mental health diagnosis during the COVID-19 pandemic. MATERIALS AND METHODS Australians (N = 381) completed an online survey between 4-August 2020 and 25-October-2020. Coping strategies, distress, and post-traumatic growth were ascertained via the Brief COPE, Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21), and Post-Traumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI), respectively. Linear regression was conducted to examine the relationship between the Brief COPE, DASS-21, and PTGI, adjusting for sociodemographic factors. Models were conducted separately for those with/without a history of a mental health diagnosis. RESULTS Higher distress was found among those with a history of a mental health diagnosis. Significant differences in the types of coping strategies associated with distress and post-traumatic growth were identified between the groups, however, behavioral disengagement and self-blame consistently predicted depression, anxiety, and stress. For those with a history of a mental health diagnosis, positive reframing decreased anxiety. Self-distraction was associated with post-traumatic growth across both groups. CONCLUSION There are important differences in the way people with and without a history of a mental health diagnosis cope with the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca E Kavanagh
- School of Medicine, Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Barwon Health, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Josephine S O'Donohue
- School of Medicine, Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Barwon Health, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Melanie M Ashton
- School of Medicine, Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Barwon Health, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Mojtaba Lotfaliany
- School of Medicine, Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Barwon Health, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Maddy McCallum
- School of Medicine, Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Barwon Health, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Anna L Wrobel
- School of Medicine, Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Barwon Health, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia.,Orygen, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Sarah Croce
- School of Medicine, Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Barwon Health, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Michael Berk
- School of Medicine, Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Barwon Health, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia.,Orygen, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Florey Institute for Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Lucy Saunders
- School of Medicine, Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Barwon Health, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Jerry Lai
- Deakin University, eResearch, Deakin eSolutions, Geelong, VIC, Australia.,Intersect Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Lesley Berk
- School of Medicine, Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Barwon Health, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
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1700
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Li G, Liu H, Qiu C, Tang W. Fear of COVID-19, prolonged smartphone use, sleep disturbances, and depression in the time of COVID-19: A nation-wide survey. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:971800. [PMID: 36311498 PMCID: PMC9614217 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.971800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic has had a wide range of behavioral and psychological effects on the general population. This study examined the relationship between fear of COVID-19, daily smartphone use, sleep disturbance, and depression in the general population during the early stage of COVID-19. METHODS An online nation-wide survey was conducted from March 20 to April 10, 2020. Sociodemographic information, including age, gender, educational attainment, vocation, and duration of self-isolation, was collected; fear of COVID-19 and other objective exposures, daily hours of smartphone use, night sleep duration, sleep disturbance, and depressive symptoms were measured with structured questions and PHQ-9. There were 1,280 questionnaires in total, and 1,250 valid questionnaires remained. RESULTS The prevalence of sleep disturbance and depression were found to be 13.1 and 10.7%, respectively. Feelings of extreme fear, longer smartphone use, difficulty initiating sleep, and early morning awakening were significant risk factors for depression. Daily hours of smartphone use, difficulty initiating sleep, and early morning awakening partially mediated the association between feeling extremely scared of the pandemic and depression. CONCLUSION Psychological interventions in a major public health crisis should focus more on the subjective perception of pandemic fear. At the same time, daily smartphone use and sleep disturbances could serve as targets for monitoring and intervention for depression during a pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gangqin Li
- Department of Forensic Psychiatry, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hao Liu
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Changjian Qiu
- Mental Health Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wanjie Tang
- Mental Health Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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