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Parfenteva OI, Kulemin NA, Bondareva EA, Ahmetov II. Prevalence and Predictors of Normal-Weight Obesity among Women. Nutrients 2024; 16:2579. [PMID: 39203715 PMCID: PMC11357504 DOI: 10.3390/nu16162579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2024] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/03/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to (a) assess normal-weight obesity (NWO) and general obesity prevalence among women of different ages residing in urban areas, (b) evaluate subcutaneous fat thickness (SFT) in women with NWO, (c) establish SFT cutoff points for distinguishing NWO, and (d) explore eating habits linked to NWO. This cross-sectional study with 184 women aged 18-65 with NWO, normal weight without obesity (NWNO), overweight and general obesity included evaluation of body composition, SFT assessment using 2.5 MHz A-mode ultrasound (ISAK protocol, 7 sites) and lifestyle inquiries. The curvilinear relationship between body fat and BMI rendered BMI an unreliable indicator of adiposity in women with normal weight (BMI < 25 kg/m2). Almost 30% of women with a high body fat percentage (BFP ≥ 30%) were misclassified when BMI was used to measure adiposity. The overall obesity prevalence defined by BFP was almost four times higher than that defined by BMI (56.0 vs. 18.0%, p = 1 × 10-4). Women with NWO, overweight and general obesity shared a similar SFT profile and eating habits, setting them apart from those with NWNO. The mean SFT was the most reliable NWO predictor, with a threshold set at 12 mm equal to the 66th percentile. Mean SFT accurately classified 85% of women with NWO. While age did not significantly affect subcutaneous fat accumulation, total fat levels increased with age (R2 = 0.07 and R2 = 0.19, padj = 0.1 and padj = 9 × 10-4). Higher NWO prevalence in middle-aged women was linked to age-related increase in fat mass and decrease in fat-free mass. Engaging in regular physical activity and reducing snack consumption effectively countered age-related changes in body composition (padj < 0.05). Women under 45 years who consumed sweet bakery items, fast food, and snacks more frequently showed higher BFP and NWO status (padj < 0.05). Prevention strategies should focus on monitoring body composition and promoting healthy behaviors, particularly among young women transitioning into adulthood and women over 45 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga I. Parfenteva
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Lopukhin Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, 119435 Moscow, Russia; (O.I.P.); (E.A.B.)
| | - Nikolay A. Kulemin
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Lopukhin Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, 119435 Moscow, Russia; (O.I.P.); (E.A.B.)
| | - Elvira A. Bondareva
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Lopukhin Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, 119435 Moscow, Russia; (O.I.P.); (E.A.B.)
| | - Ildus I. Ahmetov
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Lopukhin Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, 119435 Moscow, Russia; (O.I.P.); (E.A.B.)
- Laboratory of Genetics of Aging and Longevity, Kazan State Medical University, 420012 Kazan, Russia
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool L3 5AF, UK
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Jones EM, Venkatachalam AM, Ifejika NL. Weathering the storm: Effect of climate change on acute stroke care and stroke rehabilitation. PM R 2024. [PMID: 39016015 DOI: 10.1002/pmrj.13218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
Climate change has deleterious effects on stroke recovery, disproportionately affecting populations with increased stroke incidence. These effects start prior to the acute care hospitalization, precipitated by environmental etiologies and are sustained throughout the life course of stroke survivors. Health care practitioners play a critical role in identifying these concerns and mitigating their impact through effective strategies at the patient level, interventions at the community level, and advocacy at the state and federal level. As the experts on improvement in function, quality of life, and the mitigation of disability, physiatrists have the opportunity to lead efforts in this space for stroke survivors and their caregivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica M Jones
- Department of Neurology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | | | - Nneka L Ifejika
- Department of Neurology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
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3
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Perry AS, Zhang K, Murthy VL, Choi B, Zhao S, Gajjar P, Colangelo LA, Hou L, Rice MB, Carr JJ, Carson AP, Nigra AE, Vasan RS, Gerszten RE, Khan SS, Kalhan R, Nayor M, Shah RV. Proteomics, Human Environmental Exposure, and Cardiometabolic Risk. Circ Res 2024; 135:138-154. [PMID: 38662804 PMCID: PMC11189739 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.124.324559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The biological mechanisms linking environmental exposures with cardiovascular disease pathobiology are incompletely understood. We sought to identify circulating proteomic signatures of environmental exposures and examine their associations with cardiometabolic and respiratory disease in observational cohort studies. METHODS We tested the relations of >6500 circulating proteins with 29 environmental exposures across the built environment, green space, air pollution, temperature, and social vulnerability indicators in ≈3000 participants of the CARDIA study (Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults) across 4 centers using penalized and ordinary linear regression. In >3500 participants from FHS (Framingham Heart Study) and JHS (Jackson Heart Study), we evaluated the prospective relations of proteomic signatures of the envirome with cardiovascular disease and mortality using Cox models. RESULTS Proteomic signatures of the envirome identified novel/established cardiovascular disease-relevant pathways including DNA damage, fibrosis, inflammation, and mitochondrial function. The proteomic signatures of the envirome were broadly related to cardiometabolic disease and respiratory phenotypes (eg, body mass index, lipids, and left ventricular mass) in CARDIA, with replication in FHS/JHS. A proteomic signature of social vulnerability was associated with a composite of cardiovascular disease/mortality (1428 events; FHS: hazard ratio, 1.16 [95% CI, 1.08-1.24]; P=1.77×10-5; JHS: hazard ratio, 1.25 [95% CI, 1.14-1.38]; P=6.38×10-6; hazard ratio expressed as per 1 SD increase in proteomic signature), robust to adjustment for known clinical risk factors. CONCLUSIONS Environmental exposures are related to an inflammatory-metabolic proteome, which identifies individuals with cardiometabolic disease and respiratory phenotypes and outcomes. Future work examining the dynamic impact of the environment on human cardiometabolic health is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew S Perry
- Vanderbilt Translational and Clinical Cardiovascular Research Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN (A.S.P., S.Z., J.J.C., R.V.S.)
| | - Kai Zhang
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University at Albany, State University of New York, (K.Z.)
| | | | - Bina Choi
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA (B.C.)
| | - Shilin Zhao
- Vanderbilt Translational and Clinical Cardiovascular Research Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN (A.S.P., S.Z., J.J.C., R.V.S.)
| | - Priya Gajjar
- Cardiovascular Medicine Section, Department of Medicine (P.G.), Boston University School of Medicine, MA
| | - Laura A Colangelo
- Department of Preventive Medicine (L.A.C., L.H.), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Lifang Hou
- Department of Preventive Medicine (L.A.C., L.H.), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Mary B Rice
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA (M.B.R.)
| | - J Jeffrey Carr
- Vanderbilt Translational and Clinical Cardiovascular Research Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN (A.S.P., S.Z., J.J.C., R.V.S.)
| | - April P Carson
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson (A.P.C.)
| | - Anne E Nigra
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY (A.E.N.)
| | - Ramachandran S Vasan
- School of Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Texas San Antonio (R.S.V.)
| | - Robert E Gerszten
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA (R.E.G.)
- Cardiovascular Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (R.E.G.)
| | - Sadiya S Khan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine (S.S.K.), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Ravi Kalhan
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine (R.K.), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Matthew Nayor
- Sections of Cardiovascular Medicine and Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Department of Medicine (M.N.), Boston University School of Medicine, MA
| | - Ravi V Shah
- Vanderbilt Translational and Clinical Cardiovascular Research Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN (A.S.P., S.Z., J.J.C., R.V.S.)
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4
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Tharrey M, Bohn T, Klein O, Bulaev D, Van Beek J, Nazare JA, Franco M, Malisoux L, Perchoux C. Local retail food environment exposure and diet quality in rural and urban adults: A longitudinal analysis of the ORISCAV-LUX cohort study. Health Place 2024; 87:103240. [PMID: 38593577 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2024.103240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Despite growing interest in understanding how food environments shape dietary behaviors, European longitudinal evidence is scarce. We aimed to investigate the associations of 9-year average and change in exposure to local retail food environments with the diet quality of residents in Luxembourg. We used data from 566 adults enrolled in both waves of the nationwide ORISCAV-LUX study (2007-2017). Dietary quality was assessed by the Diet Quality Index-International (DQI-I). Exposure to "healthy" and "less healthy" food outlets was assessed by both absolute and relative GIS-based measurements. The results showed a 56.3% increase in less healthy food outlets over the period. In adjusted linear mixed models, high (vs. low) 9-year average exposure to less healthy food outlets was associated with lower DQI-I, when examining spatial access (β = -1.25, 95% CI: -2.29, -0.22) and proportions (β = -1.24, 95% CI: -2.15, -0.33). Stratified analyses showed these associations to be significant only among urban residents. There was no association between change in exposure to less healthy food outlets and DQI-I. Increased exposure to healthy outlets in rural areas, using absolute measurements, was associated with worsened DQI-I. Neighborhood socioeconomic status did not moderate the above associations. Findings suggest that the proliferation of less healthy food outlets may have contributed to the deterioration of the diet quality of urban residents, and support the use of relative measurements to fully capture the healthiness of food environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Tharrey
- Department of Urban Development and Mobility, Luxembourg Institute of Socio-Economic Research, 11 Porte des Sciences, 4366, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg; Department of Precision Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 1A-B Rue Thomas Edison, 1445, Strassen, Luxembourg.
| | - Torsten Bohn
- Department of Precision Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 1A-B Rue Thomas Edison, 1445, Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Olivier Klein
- Department of Urban Development and Mobility, Luxembourg Institute of Socio-Economic Research, 11 Porte des Sciences, 4366, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Dmitry Bulaev
- Competence Center for Methodology and Statistics, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Juliette Van Beek
- Department of Urban Development and Mobility, Luxembourg Institute of Socio-Economic Research, 11 Porte des Sciences, 4366, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg; Department of Geography and Spatial Planning, Faculty of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences, University of Luxembourg, Esch/Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Julie-Anne Nazare
- Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Rhône-Alpes, CarMeN Laboratory, Univ-Lyon, INSERM, INRAe, Claude Bernard Lyon 1 University, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Pierre Bénite, France
| | - Manuel Franco
- Surgery and Medical and Social Sciences Department, Public Health and Epidemiology Research Group, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Laurent Malisoux
- Department of Precision Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 1A-B Rue Thomas Edison, 1445, Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Camille Perchoux
- Department of Urban Development and Mobility, Luxembourg Institute of Socio-Economic Research, 11 Porte des Sciences, 4366, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
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Odoms-Young A, Brown AGM, Agurs-Collins T, Glanz K. Food Insecurity, Neighborhood Food Environment, and Health Disparities: State of the Science, Research Gaps and Opportunities. Am J Clin Nutr 2024; 119:850-861. [PMID: 38160801 PMCID: PMC10972712 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2023.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Food insecurity and the lack of access to affordable, nutritious food are associated with poor dietary quality and an increased risk of diet-related diseases, including cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and certain types of cancer. Those of lower socioeconomic status and racial and ethnic minority groups experience higher rates of food insecurity, are more likely to live in under-resourced food environments, and continue to bear the greatest burden of diet-related chronic diseases in the United States. Despite the growing body of literature in this area, there are still significant gaps in our understanding of the various pathways that link food insecurity and neighborhood food environments to racial/ethnic and socioeconomic disparities in health and the most effective intervention strategies to address these disparities. To better understand the science in this area, the National Institutes of Health, in collaboration with the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) and Prevention and the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), convened a virtual 3-d workshop 21-23 September 2021: Food Insecurity, Neighborhood Food Environment, and Nutrition Health Disparities: State of the Science. The workshop brought together a diverse group of researchers, practitioners, policymakers, and federal partners with expertise in nutrition, the food environment, health and social policy, and behavioral and social sciences. The workshop had the following 3 research objectives: 1) summarize the state of the science and knowledge gaps related to food insecurity, neighborhood food environments, and nutrition health disparities, 2) identify research opportunities and strategies to address research gaps, and 3) examine evidence-based interventions and implementation approaches to address food insecurity and neighborhood food environments to promote health equity. This article summarizes workshop proceedings and describes research gaps and future opportunities that emerged from discussions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Odoms-Young
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, College of Human Ecology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - Alison G M Brown
- National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States.
| | - Tanya Agurs-Collins
- National Cancer Institute, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Karen Glanz
- Perelman School of Medicine and School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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Adamou H, Robitaille É, Paquette MC, Lebel A. Food environment trajectories: a sequence analysis from the CARTaGENE cohort. Public Health Nutr 2024; 27:e90. [PMID: 38250947 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980024000119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to create a typology of longitudinal exposure to food environment based on socio-economic context. DESIGN Food environment trajectories were modelled using a sequence analysis method, followed by a logistic regression to describe those trajectories. SETTING The study took place in Quebec, Canada, using food environment data from 2009, 2011 and 2018 merged with participants' demographic and socio-economic characteristics. PARTICIPANT At recruitment, 38 627 participants between the ages of 40 and 69 years from six urban areas in Quebec were included in the CARTaGENE cohort study. The cohort was representative of the Quebec urban population within this age range. RESULTS Our study revealed five trajectories of food access over time: (1) limited access to food stores throughout the study period, (2) limited access improving, (3) good access diminishing, (4) good access throughout the period and (5) low access throughout the period. Logistic regression analysis showed that participants who were unable to work (OR = 1·42, CI = 1·08-1·86), lived in households with five or more persons (OR = 1·69, CI = 1·17-2·42) and those living in low-income households (OR = 1·32, CI = 1·03-1·71) had higher odds of experiencing a disadvantaged food environment trajectory. Additionally, the level of education and age of participants were associated with the odds of experiencing a disadvantaged food environment trajectory. CONCLUSIONS The study demonstrates that people facing socio-economic disadvantage are more likely to experience a disadvantaged food environment trajectory over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Habila Adamou
- Center for Research in Regional Planning and Development (CRAD), Laval University, Quebec, Canada
- Evaluation Platform on Obesity Prevention, Quebec Heart and Lung Institute Research Center, Quebec, Canada
| | - Éric Robitaille
- Institut national de santé publique du Québec, 190, boulevard Crémazie Est, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- ESPUM, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Marie-Claude Paquette
- Institut national de santé publique du Québec, 190, boulevard Crémazie Est, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Département de nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Alexandre Lebel
- Center for Research in Regional Planning and Development (CRAD), Laval University, Quebec, Canada
- Evaluation Platform on Obesity Prevention, Quebec Heart and Lung Institute Research Center, Quebec, Canada
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Siapno AED, Quintanilla NE, Piqueiras E, Litwin MS. A qualitative study of barriers and facilitators for health behavior change in low-income men with prostate cancer. Support Care Cancer 2024; 32:81. [PMID: 38175287 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-023-08272-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Low-income prostate cancer survivors, who typically have worse outcomes and greater all-cause mortality, often have poor health-promoting behaviors. Our objective was to assess perceived facilitators of and barriers to healthy behavior change by interviewing low-income men with prostate cancer who received no-cost treatment through a state-funded program. METHODS Between September 2021 and April 2022, we conducted semi-structured interviews with 19 men (ages 60-75). Purposive sampling was utilized from participants of a cohort of men with prostate cancer from low-income backgrounds. Interviews were recorded, transcribed, and then coded by the authors to generate salient themes via thematic analysis. RESULTS We found internal characteristics and structural characteristics that functioned independently and in concert to promote and/or hinder healthy behavior change. Internal characteristics such as motivations (prostate cancer diagnosis, self-perceptions, support system, and preferences) and determination, defined as level of motivation, drove behavior actualization. Structural characteristics that influenced behavior change included resources (access to food and opportunities for exercise) and social support. CONCLUSIONS These outcomes suggest that motivation and determination can serve as protective facilitators encouraging healthy behaviors despite structural barriers low-income prostate cancer survivors may face. However, motivations challenged by financial constraints were not sufficient to guide healthy behavior change. With this in mind, we recommend that interventions promoting healthy behavior change among this population should focus on identifying and strengthening internal assets such as motivations, self-perceptions, preferences, and support systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allen E D Siapno
- Department of Urology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Nancy E Quintanilla
- Department of Urology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Eduardo Piqueiras
- Department of Urology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Mark S Litwin
- Department of Urology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Health Policy & Management, The Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- School of Nursing, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Verde L, Barrea L, Bowman-Busato J, Yumuk VD, Colao A, Muscogiuri G. Obesogenic environments as major determinants of a disease: It is time to re-shape our cities. Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2024; 40:e3748. [PMID: 38287716 DOI: 10.1002/dmrr.3748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
Obesity rates are increasing in almost all high- and low-income countries, and population-based approaches are necessary to reverse this trend. The current global efforts are focused on identifying the root causes of obesity and developing effective methods for early diagnosis, screening, treatment, and long-term management, both at an individual and health system level. However, there is a relative lack of effective options for early diagnosis, treatment, and long-term management, which means that population-based strategies are also needed. These strategies involve conceptual shifts towards community- and environment-focused approaches. This review aimed to provide evidence on how environmental factors contribute to the risk of obesity and how reshaping cities can help slow down obesity prevalence rates and improve long-term management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludovica Verde
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- Centro Italiano per la cura e il Benessere del Paziente con Obesità (C.I.B.O), Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Unità di Endocrinologia, Diabetologia e Andrologia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi Barrea
- Centro Italiano per la cura e il Benessere del Paziente con Obesità (C.I.B.O), Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Unità di Endocrinologia, Diabetologia e Andrologia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze Umanistiche, U-niversità Telematica Pegaso, Napoli, Italy
| | | | - Volkan Demirhan Yumuk
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Cerrahpaşa Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Annamaria Colao
- Centro Italiano per la cura e il Benessere del Paziente con Obesità (C.I.B.O), Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Unità di Endocrinologia, Diabetologia e Andrologia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Unità di Endocrinologia, Diabetologia e Andrologia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
- Cattedra Unesco "Educazione alla salute e allo sviluppo sostenibile", University Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanna Muscogiuri
- Centro Italiano per la cura e il Benessere del Paziente con Obesità (C.I.B.O), Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Unità di Endocrinologia, Diabetologia e Andrologia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Unità di Endocrinologia, Diabetologia e Andrologia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
- Cattedra Unesco "Educazione alla salute e allo sviluppo sostenibile", University Federico II, Naples, Italy
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9
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Alba C, An R. Using Mobile Phone Data to Assess Socio-Economic Disparities in Unhealthy Food Reliance during the COVID-19 Pandemic. HEALTH DATA SCIENCE 2023; 3:0101. [PMID: 38487207 PMCID: PMC10904071 DOI: 10.34133/hds.0101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Background: Although COVID-19 has disproportionately affected socio-economically vulnerable populations, research on its impact on socio-economic disparities in unhealthy food reliance remains scarce. Methods: This study uses mobile phone data to evaluate the impact of COVID-19 on socio-economic disparities in reliance on convenience stores and fast food. Reliance is defined in terms of the proportion of visits to convenience stores out of the total visits to both convenience and grocery stores, and the proportion of visits to fast food restaurants out of the total visits to both fast food and full-service restaurants. Visits to each type of food outlet at the county level were traced and aggregated using mobile phone data before being analyzed with socio-economic demographics and COVID-19 incidence data. Results: Our findings suggest that a new COVID-19 case per 1,000 population decreased a county's odds of relying on convenience stores by 3.41% and increased its odds of fast food reliance by 0.72%. As a county's COVID-19 incidence rate rises by an additional case per 1,000 population, the odds of relying on convenience stores increased by 0.01%, 0.02%, and 0.06% for each additional percentage of Hispanics, college-educated residents, and every additional year in median age, respectively. For fast food reliance, as a county's COVID-19 incidence rate increases by one case per 1,000 population, the odds decreased by 0.003% for every additional percentage of Hispanics but increased by 0.02% for every additional year in the county's median age. Conclusion: These results complement existing literature to promote equitable food environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles Alba
- Division of Computational & Data Sciences,
Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Ruopeng An
- Division of Computational & Data Sciences,
Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO, USA
- Brown School,
Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO, USA
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10
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Richardson AS, Collins RL, Burns RM, Cantor J, Siddiqi SM, Dubowitz T. Police Bias and Low Relatability and Diet Quality: Examining the Importance of Psychosocial Factors in Predominantly Black Communities. J Urban Health 2023; 100:924-936. [PMID: 37792250 PMCID: PMC10618126 DOI: 10.1007/s11524-023-00785-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
How police bias and low relatability may contribute to poor dietary quality is poorly understood. In this cross-sectional study, we analyzed data from 2021 from a cohort of n = 724 adults living in predominantly Black communities in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; these adults were mostly Black (90.6%), low-income (median household income $17,500), and women (79.3%). We estimated direct and indirect paths between police mistrust and dietary quality (measured by Healthy Eating Index (HEI)-2015) through perceived stress, community connectedness, and subjective social status. Dietary quality was poor (mean HEI-2015 score was 50) and mistrust of police was high: 78% of participants either agreed or strongly agreed that something they say might be interpreted as criminal by the police due to their race/ethnicity. Police bias and low relatability was associated with lower perceived social status [Formula: see text]= - 0.03 (95% confidence interval [CI]: - 0.05, - 0.01). Police bias and low relatability was marginally associated with low dietary quality β = - 0.14 (95% CI: - 0.29, 0.02). Nineteen percent of the total association between police bias and low relatability and lower dietary quality β = - 0.16 (- 0.01, - 0.31) was explained by an indirect association through lower community connectedness, or how close respondents felt with their community [Formula: see text] Police bias and low relatability may play a role in community connection, social status, and ultimately dietary disparities for Black Americans. Addressing police bias and low relatability is a continuing and pressing public health issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea S Richardson
- Department of Behavioral and Policy Sciences, RAND Corporation, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
| | - Rebecca L Collins
- Department of Behavioral and Policy Sciences, RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, CA, 90401, USA
| | - Rachel M Burns
- Department of Behavioral and Policy Sciences, RAND Corporation, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
- Department of Economics, Statistics, and Sociology, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Jonathan Cantor
- Department of Economics, Statistics, and Sociology, RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, CA, 90401, USA
| | - Sameer M Siddiqi
- Department of Behavioral and Policy Sciences, RAND Corporation, Arlington, VA, 22202, USA
| | - Tamara Dubowitz
- Department of Behavioral and Policy Sciences, RAND Corporation, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
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11
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Zhang H, Hu L, Zheng P, Jia G. Application of wearable devices for monitoring cardiometabolic dysfunction under the exposome paradigm. Chronic Dis Transl Med 2023; 9:200-209. [PMID: 37711864 PMCID: PMC10497849 DOI: 10.1002/cdt3.67] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Environmental factors, including chemical/physical pollutants, as well as lifestyle and psychological factors, contribute greatly to the pathways leading to cardiometabolic diseases with a heavy disease burden and economic loss. The concept of exposomes provides a novel paradigm for combining all exposure characteristics to evaluate disease risk. A solution-like exposome requires technological support to provide continuous data to monitor vital signs and detect abnormal fluctuations. Wearable devices allow people to conveniently monitor signals during their daily routines. These new technologies empower users to more actively prevent and manage cardiometabolic disease by reviewing risk factors of the disease, especially lifestyle factors, such as sleeping time, screen time, and mental health condition. Devices with multiple sensors can monitor electrocardiography data, oxygen saturation, intraocular pressure, respiratory rate, and heart rate to enhance the exposome study and provide precise suggestions for disease prevention and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haodong Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public HealthPeking UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Lingming Hu
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University)National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital)BeijingChina
| | - Pai Zheng
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public HealthPeking UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Guang Jia
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public HealthPeking UniversityBeijingChina
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12
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Hobbs M, McLeod GFH, Mackenbach JD, Marek L, Wiki J, Deng B, Eggleton P, Boden JM, Bhubaneswor D, Campbell M, Horwood LJ. Change in the food environment and measured adiposity in adulthood in the Christchurch Health and development birth cohort, Aotearoa, New Zealand: A birth cohort study. Health Place 2023; 83:103078. [PMID: 37517383 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2023.103078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated associations between change in the food environment and change in measured body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) in the Christchurch Health and Development Study (CHDS) birth cohort. Our findings suggest that cohort members who experienced the greatest proportional change towards better access to fast food outlets had the slightly larger increases in BMI and WC. Contrastingly, cohort members who experienced the greatest proportional change towards shorter distance and better access to supermarkets had slightly smaller increases in BMI and WC. Our findings may help explain the changes in BMI and WC at a population level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Hobbs
- Faculty of Health, University of Canterbury - Te Whare Wānanga o Waitaha, Christchurch, Canterbury, New Zealand; Te Taiwhenua o Te Hauora - GeoHealth Laboratory, University of Canterbury - Te Whare Wānanga o Waitaha, Christchurch, Canterbury, New Zealand; The Cluster for Community and Urban Resilience (CURe), University of Canterbury - Te Whare Wānanga o Waitaha, Christchurch, Canterbury, New Zealand.
| | - Geraldine F H McLeod
- Christchurch Health and Development Study, University of Otago - Te Whare Wānanga o Ōtākou, Christchurch, Canterbury, New Zealand
| | - Joreintje D Mackenbach
- Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Upstream Team, www.upstreamteam.nl, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Lukas Marek
- Faculty of Health, University of Canterbury - Te Whare Wānanga o Waitaha, Christchurch, Canterbury, New Zealand; Te Taiwhenua o Te Hauora - GeoHealth Laboratory, University of Canterbury - Te Whare Wānanga o Waitaha, Christchurch, Canterbury, New Zealand
| | - Jesse Wiki
- Te Taiwhenua o Te Hauora - GeoHealth Laboratory, University of Canterbury - Te Whare Wānanga o Waitaha, Christchurch, Canterbury, New Zealand; School of Population Health, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland - Waipapa Taumata Rau, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Bingyu Deng
- Faculty of Health, University of Canterbury - Te Whare Wānanga o Waitaha, Christchurch, Canterbury, New Zealand; Te Taiwhenua o Te Hauora - GeoHealth Laboratory, University of Canterbury - Te Whare Wānanga o Waitaha, Christchurch, Canterbury, New Zealand
| | - Phoebe Eggleton
- Faculty of Health, University of Canterbury - Te Whare Wānanga o Waitaha, Christchurch, Canterbury, New Zealand; Te Taiwhenua o Te Hauora - GeoHealth Laboratory, University of Canterbury - Te Whare Wānanga o Waitaha, Christchurch, Canterbury, New Zealand
| | - Joseph M Boden
- Christchurch Health and Development Study, University of Otago - Te Whare Wānanga o Ōtākou, Christchurch, Canterbury, New Zealand
| | - Dhakal Bhubaneswor
- Christchurch Health and Development Study, University of Otago - Te Whare Wānanga o Ōtākou, Christchurch, Canterbury, New Zealand
| | - Malcolm Campbell
- Te Taiwhenua o Te Hauora - GeoHealth Laboratory, University of Canterbury - Te Whare Wānanga o Waitaha, Christchurch, Canterbury, New Zealand; School of Earth and Environment, University of Canterbury - Te Whare Wānanga o Waitaha, Christchurch, Canterbury, New Zealand
| | - L John Horwood
- Christchurch Health and Development Study, University of Otago - Te Whare Wānanga o Ōtākou, Christchurch, Canterbury, New Zealand
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13
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Nicholas KM, Thompson AL, Wasser HM, Bentley ME. Healthy home food environments of pregnant Black women are shaped by food outlet access and participation in nutrition assistance programs. Am J Hum Biol 2023; 35:e23903. [PMID: 37025042 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.23903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Improving access to healthy food in Black communities is imperative to combat intergenerational health disparities. Pregnant Black women represent an especially vulnerable population to multiple (and overlapping) sources of socioeconomic and political disenfranchisement and thus for whom maternal nutrition is crucial. This study aimed to (1) define household food environment types, (2) determine whether the distribution of community food outlets is associated with these household food environment types, and (3) determine whether the community-household food environment relationship differs by maternal education or participation in nutrition assistance programs. METHODS Cross-sectional data for pregnant Black women in North Carolina (n = 429) come from the Mothers & Others study, an obesity-prevention randomized control trial, with linked spatial data on all community food outlets (n = 6312) in the study area in 2015. Factor analysis was used to define household food environment types. These factor scores were regressed on access metrics to community food outlets. Adjusted linear regressions tested interaction by maternal education and nutrition assistance programs. RESULTS Four household food environment types were defined: Factor 1 (fresh fruits and vegetables (F/V), low snack), Factor 2 (canned F/V, sweet drinks), Factor 3 (dried/frozen F/V, candy), and Factor 4 (low F/V, soda). Having more convenience stores within 0.25 miles was associated with higher Factor 4 scores. No food outlets were associated with higher Factor 1 scores overall. However, SNAP or WIC participating households saw higher Factor 1 scores with increased access to supermarkets, convenience stores, and dollar stores. CONCLUSIONS Nutrition assistance programs play an important role as buffers against unhealthy community food environments which influence household food environments and maternal nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khristopher M Nicholas
- Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Amanda L Thompson
- Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Anthropology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Heather M Wasser
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Margaret E Bentley
- Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
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14
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Ho I, Chng T, Kleve S, Choi T, Brimblecombe J. Exploration of the food environment in different socioeconomic areas in Hong Kong and Singapore: a cross-sectional case study. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:1127. [PMID: 37308892 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-15953-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023] Open
Abstract
This study explored the local food environment of Hong Kong and Singapore using a qualitative case study approach to inform future upstream public health nutrition policies. Food outlets that provide food to be eaten in the home were mapped in selected areas of high and low socioeconomic status (SES) of Hong Kong and Singapore. Food outlet density relative to land area was determined. In both countries, lower SES areas surveyed were shown to have higher food outlet density while higher SES areas had fewer but larger food outlets. In Hong Kong, both SES areas reported similar proportions of healthy and unhealthy food outlets.This study highlights the accessibility of food outlet types through their geographical location and density. Future research assessing the differences in eating culture between these two countries should be considered alongside this study's findings, to investigate strategies influencing the food environment in order to promote healthier eating habits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Ho
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Vic, 3168, Australia
| | - Tricia Chng
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Vic, 3168, Australia
| | - Sue Kleve
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Vic, 3168, Australia
| | - Tammie Choi
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Vic, 3168, Australia
| | - Julie Brimblecombe
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Vic, 3168, Australia.
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15
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AlTamimi JZ, AlFaris NA, Alshwaiyat NM, Alkhalidy H, AlKehayez NM, Alsemari MA, Alagal RI. Prevalence of fast-food intake among a multi-ethnic population of middle-aged men and connection with sociodemographic factors and obesity. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e33555. [PMID: 37058044 PMCID: PMC10101309 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000033555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Adults are increasingly eating fast-food, which is connected to adverse health outcomes such as obesity and chronic diseases. This work was carried out to study the prevalence of fast-food intake among a multi-ethnic population of middle-aged men and its connection with sociodemographic factors and obesity. This cross-sectional study enrolled 1800 middle-aged men from Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. A valid and reliable questionnaire was used to assess participants fast-food intake frequency. Fast-food was consumed weekly by 87.8% of participants and daily by 45.6% of participants. The nationality of participants was determined as a predictor of fast-food intake. The highest and lowest prevalence of weekly fast-food intake was reported among Turkish (99.6%) and Sudanese (48.3%) participants. The highest and lowest daily intake rates were reported among participants from the Philippines (85.9%) and Bangladesh (10.0%). Another factor predicting fast-food intake was obesity. Obese participants had a significantly higher odds ratio (OR) of weekly (OR = 5.83, P <.001) and daily (OR = 1.93, P <.001) fast-food intake than non-overweight/nonobese participants. Fast-food intake was prevalent among middle-aged men who reside in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Results connect fast-food intake with nationality and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jozaa Z. AlTamimi
- Department of Physical Sports Sciences, College of Education, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University Riyadh, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nora A. AlFaris
- Department of Physical Sports Sciences, College of Education, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University Riyadh, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naseem M. Alshwaiyat
- School of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Hana Alkhalidy
- Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Nora M. AlKehayez
- Department of Physical Sports Sciences, College of Education, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University Riyadh, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Malak A. Alsemari
- Department of Medical Imaging – MRI, King Abdullah Bin Abdulaziz University Hospital (KAAUH), Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reham I. Alagal
- Department of Health Sciences, College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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16
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Kouritzin T, Spence JC, Lee K. Food Intake and Food Selection Following Physical Relocation: A Scoping Review. Public Health Rev 2023; 44:1605516. [PMID: 36817863 PMCID: PMC9928753 DOI: 10.3389/phrs.2023.1605516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives: To synthesize the current available evidence on the changes in food intake and food selection after physical relocation in non-refugee populations. Methods: The inclusion criteria were studies with a measurement of food selection and/or food intake in non-refugee populations where physical relocation had occurred with self-reported or objective assessment of the neighbourhood physical environment before and after relocation. Databases searched included MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL and SCOPUS from 1946 to August 2022. Results: A total of four articles met the inclusion criteria. Overall, these studies gave longitudinal (n = 2) and cross-sectional (n = 2) evidence to suggest that moving to an urban neighbourhood with more convenience stores, cafés and restaurants around the home was associated with an increase in unhealthy food intake in adult populations. Additional factors such as income, vehicle access, cost, availability and perceptions of the local food environment played a role in shaping food selection and food intake. Conclusion: Four internal migration studies were found. The limited evidence base calls for more research. Future studies should include children and apply appropriate research designs to account for neighbourhood self-selection and concurrent life events. International migration studies should include assessment of neighbourhood physical environments pre- and post-relocation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trevor Kouritzin
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada,*Correspondence: Trevor Kouritzin,
| | - John C. Spence
- Faculty of Kinesiology, Sport, and Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Karen Lee
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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17
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Consistent and changing consumption of fast-food and full-service meals and 3-year weight change in a large population cohort study. Am J Clin Nutr 2023; 117:392-401. [PMID: 36811570 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2022.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND An average American consumes 3 meals weekly from fast-food or full-service restaurants, which contain more calories, fat, sodium, and cholesterol than meals prepared at home. OBJECTIVES This study examined whether consistent and changing fast-food or full-service consumption was associated with weight change over a 3-y period. METHODS Among 98,589 US adults from the American Cancer Society's Cancer Prevention Study-3, self-reported weight and fast-food and full-service consumption from 2015 and 2018 were examined using a multivariable-adjusted linear regression analysis to assess the association of consistent and changing consumption on 3-y weight change. RESULTS Individuals who made no changes to their fast-food or full-service intake over the study period gained weight regardless of consumption frequency, although low consumers gained less weight than high consumers (low fast-food: β = -1.08; 95% CI: -1.22, -0.93; low full-service: β = -0.35; 95% CI: -0.50, -0.21; P < 0.001). Decreased fast-food intake during the study period (e.g., from high [>1 meal/wk] to low [≤0.5 meal/wk], high to medium [>0.5 to ≤1 meal/wk], or medium to low) and decreased full-service intake from high (≥1 meal/wk) to low (<1 meal/mo) were significantly associated with weight loss (high-low: β = -2.77; 95% CI: -3.23, -2.31; high-medium: β = -1.53; 95% CI: -1.72, -1.33; medium-low: β = -0.85; 95% CI: -1.06, -0.63; high-low full-service: β = -0.92; 95% CI: -1.36, -0.49; P < 0.001). Decreased consumption of both fast-food and full-service restaurant meals was associated with greater weight loss than decreasing fast-food alone (both: β = -1.65; 95% CI: -1.82, -1.37; fast-food only: β = -0.95; 95% CI: -1.12, -0.79; P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Decreased consumption of fast-food and full-service meals over 3 y, particularly among high consumers at baseline, was associated with weight loss and may be an effective approach to weight loss. Moreover, decreasing both fast-food and full-service meal consumption was associated with a greater weight loss than decreasing only fast-food meal consumption.
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18
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AlTamimi JZ, Alshwaiyat NM, Alkhalidy H, AlFaris NA, AlKehayez NM, Alsemari MA, Alagal RI. Prevalence of Fast Food Intake among a Multi-Ethnic Population of Young Men and Its Connection with Sociodemographic Determinants and Obesity. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph192214933. [PMID: 36429650 PMCID: PMC9690178 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192214933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Fast food is commonly consumed by young adults. Eating fast food is connected with the risk of obesity and other related diseases. The present study examines the prevalence of fast food intake in a diverse sample of young men. This cross-sectional study included 3600 young men (20-35 years) who resided in Riyadh, KSA. The frequency of fast food intake was assessed using a valid and reliable questionnaire. Weekly and daily intake of fast food were the two outcome variables adopted to assess the intake frequency. Weight and height were measured. Fast food was eaten by 88.8% and 50.1% of participants weekly and daily, respectively. Fast food intake was predicted by the nationality of participants. The highest prevalence of weekly fast food intake (99.7%) was observed among Saudi, Egyptian, and Indian participants, while the lowest rate was observed among Sudanese participants (48.6%). The highest and lowest rates of daily intake were seen among Filipino (83.4%) and Bangladeshi (6.3%) participants. Obesity was another predictor of fast food intake. Obese participants had a significantly higher odds ratio of weekly (OR = 2.89, p = 0.006) and daily (OR = 1.39, p = 0.021) fast food intake than non-overweight/non-obese participants. In conclusion, fast food is frequently consumed by young men in KSA. Our findings link the likelihood of fast food intake to sociodemographic determinants and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jozaa Z. AlTamimi
- Department of Physical Sports Sciences, College of Education, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naseem M. Alshwaiyat
- School of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Gong Badak Campus, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Kuala Nerus 21300, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Hana Alkhalidy
- Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | - Nora A. AlFaris
- Department of Physical Sports Sciences, College of Education, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nora M. AlKehayez
- Department of Physical Sports Sciences, College of Education, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Malak A. Alsemari
- Department of Medical Imaging—MRI, King Abdullah bin Abdulaziz University Hospital (KAAUH), Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reham I. Alagal
- Department of Health Sciences, College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence:
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19
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Investigating the association between the socioeconomic environment of the service area and fast food visitation: A context-based crystal growth approach. Health Place 2022; 76:102855. [PMID: 35834903 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2022.102855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Fast food consumption is one of the major causes of rising obesity rates. Fast food consumers are mostly residents located in the service area-the fast food outlet's surrounding area. Conventional buffer approaches may exhibit bias in measuring service areas by ignoring the local community's detailed spatial configuration and transportation preferences. This study uses fast food outlets and their visits provided by a mobile phone-based dataset named SafeGraph and applies a novel context-based crystal growth algorithm (CG) to delineate improved service areas of fast food outlets in Chicago. We also explore how socioeconomic variables in service areas by CG and buffer-based approaches are related to visits to fast food outlets. Results show that compared to conventional buffers, CG produces improved service areas as it excludes inaccessible barriers and adjusts the accessible areas by transportation preferences. Further, the model using service areas of public transport users by CG yields the best performance. Additionally, the rate of single-mother households and the number of other fast food outlets nearby are positively related to fast food visits in all models. Findings acknowledge the advantages of CG and help make policy interventions to reduce fast food consumption.
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20
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Titis E, Procter R, Walasek L. Assessing physical access to healthy food across United Kingdom: A systematic review of measures and findings. Obes Sci Pract 2022; 8:233-246. [PMID: 35388348 PMCID: PMC8976549 DOI: 10.1002/osp4.563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Existing research suggests that physical access to food can affect diet quality and thus obesity rates. When defining retail food environment (RFE) quantitatively, there is a little agreement on how to measure "lack of healthy food" and what parameters to use, resulting in a heterogeneity of study designs and outcome measures. In turn, this leads to a conflicting evidence base being one of the many barriers to using evidence in policy-making. Aims This systematic review aimed to identify and describe methods used to assess food accessibility in the United Kingdom (UK) to overcome heterogeneity by providing a classification of measures. Materials & Methods The literature search included electronic and manual searches of peer-reviewed literature and was restricted to studies published in English between January 2010 and March 2021. A total of 9365 articles were assessed for eligibility, of which 44 articles were included in the review. All included studies were analysed with regards to their main characteristics (e.g., associations between variables of interest, setting, sample, design, etc.) and definition of RFE and its metrics. When defining these metrics, the present review distinguishes between a point of origin (centroid, address) from which distance was calculated, summary statistic of accessibility (proximity, buffer, Kernel), and definition of distance (Euclidean, network distance). Trends, gaps and limitations are identified and recommendations made for food accessibility research in UK. Results Multiple theoretical and methodological constructs are currently used, mostly quantifying distance by means of Euclidean and ring-buffer distance, using both proximity- and density-based approaches, and ranging from absolute to relative measures. The association between RFE and diet and health in rural areas, as well as a spatiotemporal domain of food access, remains largely unaccounted. Discussion Evidence suggests that the duration of exposure may bear a greater importance than the level of exposure and that density-based measures may better capture RFE when compared with proximity-based measures, however, using more complex measures not necessarily produce better results. To move the field forward, studies have called for a greater focus on causality, individual access and the use of various measures, neighbourhood definitions and potential confounders to capture different aspects and dimensions of the RFE, which requires using univariate measures of accessibility and considering the overall context in terms of varying types of neighbourhoods. Conclusion In order to render ongoing heterogeneity in measuring RFE, researchers should prioritise measures that may provide a more accurate and realistic account of people's lives and follow an intuitive approach based on convergence of results until consensus could be reached on using some useful standards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elzbieta Titis
- Department of Computer ScienceWarwick Institute for the Science of CitiesUniversity of WarwickCoventryUK
| | - Rob Procter
- Department of Computer ScienceUniversity of WarwickCoventryUK
- Alan Turing InstituteLondonUK
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21
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Powell-Wiley TM, Baumer Y, Baah FO, Baez AS, Farmer N, Mahlobo CT, Pita MA, Potharaju KA, Tamura K, Wallen GR. Social Determinants of Cardiovascular Disease. Circ Res 2022; 130:782-799. [PMID: 35239404 PMCID: PMC8893132 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.121.319811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 261] [Impact Index Per Article: 130.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Social determinants of health (SDoH), which encompass the economic, social, environmental, and psychosocial factors that influence health, play a significant role in the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors as well as CVD morbidity and mortality. The COVID-19 pandemic and the current social justice movement sparked by the death of George Floyd have laid bare long-existing health inequities in our society driven by SDoH. Despite a recent focus on these structural drivers of health disparities, the impact of SDoH on cardiovascular health and CVD outcomes remains understudied and incompletely understood. To further investigate the mechanisms connecting SDoH and CVD, and ultimately design targeted and effective interventions, it is important to foster interdisciplinary efforts that incorporate translational, epidemiological, and clinical research in examining SDoH-CVD relationships. This review aims to facilitate research coordination and intervention development by providing an evidence-based framework for SDoH rooted in the lived experiences of marginalized populations. Our framework highlights critical structural/socioeconomic, environmental, and psychosocial factors most strongly associated with CVD and explores several of the underlying biologic mechanisms connecting SDoH to CVD pathogenesis, including excess stress hormones, inflammation, immune cell function, and cellular aging. We present landmark studies and recent findings about SDoH in our framework, with careful consideration of the constructs and measures utilized. Finally, we provide a roadmap for future SDoH research focused on individual, clinical, and policy approaches directed towards developing multilevel community-engaged interventions to promote cardiovascular health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiffany M. Powell-Wiley
- Social Determinants of Obesity and Cardiovascular Risk Laboratory, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (T.M.P.-W., Y.B., F.O.B., A.S.B., C.T.M., M.A.P., K.A.P.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
- Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities (T.M.P.-W.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Yvonne Baumer
- Social Determinants of Obesity and Cardiovascular Risk Laboratory, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (T.M.P.-W., Y.B., F.O.B., A.S.B., C.T.M., M.A.P., K.A.P.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Foster Osei Baah
- Social Determinants of Obesity and Cardiovascular Risk Laboratory, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (T.M.P.-W., Y.B., F.O.B., A.S.B., C.T.M., M.A.P., K.A.P.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Andrew S. Baez
- Social Determinants of Obesity and Cardiovascular Risk Laboratory, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (T.M.P.-W., Y.B., F.O.B., A.S.B., C.T.M., M.A.P., K.A.P.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Nicole Farmer
- Translational Biobehavioral and Health Disparities Branch, National Institutes of Health, Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD (N.F., G.R.W.)
| | - Christa T. Mahlobo
- Social Determinants of Obesity and Cardiovascular Risk Laboratory, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (T.M.P.-W., Y.B., F.O.B., A.S.B., C.T.M., M.A.P., K.A.P.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
- The Pennsylvania State University (C.T.M.)
| | - Mario A. Pita
- Social Determinants of Obesity and Cardiovascular Risk Laboratory, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (T.M.P.-W., Y.B., F.O.B., A.S.B., C.T.M., M.A.P., K.A.P.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Kameswari A. Potharaju
- Social Determinants of Obesity and Cardiovascular Risk Laboratory, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (T.M.P.-W., Y.B., F.O.B., A.S.B., C.T.M., M.A.P., K.A.P.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Kosuke Tamura
- Neighborhood Social and Geospatial Determinants of Health Disparities Laboratory, Population and Community Sciences Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities (K.T.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Gwenyth R. Wallen
- Translational Biobehavioral and Health Disparities Branch, National Institutes of Health, Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD (N.F., G.R.W.)
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22
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de Albuquerque FM, Pessoa MC, De Santis Filgueiras M, Gardone DS, de Novaes JF. Retail food outlets and metabolic syndrome: a systematic review of longitudinal studies. Nutr Rev 2022; 80:1599-1618. [PMID: 35182145 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuab111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT The community food environment covers the type, quantity, density, location, and access to retail food outlets, and its influence on eating behavior, obesity, and metabolic syndrome has been investigated. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the evidence on longitudinal associations between objectively measured retail food outlets and metabolic syndrome components in children, adolescents, and adults. DATA EXTRACTION This systematic review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Study quality and risk of bias were assessed with the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. DATA SOURCES The Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, Scielo, PubMed, MEDLINE, and Lilacs databases were searched without any restriction on publication dates. DATA ANALYSIS Of the 18 longitudinal studies included, significant associations were reported in 9 between retail food outlets and metabolic syndrome components in adults (6 positive associations, 2 negative, and 1 both positive and negative), and in 3 studies of children and adolescents (2 negative associations and 1 both positive and negative). Six studies with adults found no association. CONCLUSION Limited evidence was found for longitudinal associations between retail food outlets and metabolic syndrome components. In future studies, researchers should consider the use of standardized retail food outlet measurements and accurate analysis to better understand the influence of the community food environment on metabolic syndrome. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION PROSPERO registration no: CRD42020177137.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Milene Cristine Pessoa
- Department of Nutrition, Nursing School, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Danielle Soares Gardone
- Department of Nutrition, Nursing School, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Juliana Farias de Novaes
- Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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23
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Socio-Psychological Factors Associated with Young Australian Adults' Consumption of Energy Dense and Nutrient Poor (EDNP) Foods. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14040812. [PMID: 35215462 PMCID: PMC8879312 DOI: 10.3390/nu14040812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Young Australian adults' exhibit high consumption of Energy Dense and Nutrient Poor (EDNP) foods; however, there is limited research concerning the factors influencing their consumption. This study aimed to explore socio-psychological factors associated with young Australian adults' (18-30 years) consumption of EDNP foods with consideration of the Food Related Lifestyle Model (FRLM) as a potential framework. Through qualitative descriptive research methodology, 38 young adults were interviewed. Data were thematically analyzed. Participants were classified into three groups based on their living arrangements namely, parental, shared and independent households. Five themes emerged, (1) psychological factors (2) intrinsic qualities of EDNP foods, (3) social factors, (4) accessibility and affordability and (5) health related beliefs. The FRLM takes into consideration some of the factors reported in this study as influencers of EDNP food intakes. However, the FRLM omits important psychological factors (motivation, restraint, cravings, coping strategies and habits) identified by participants as influencers over their EDNP food intakes. The FRLM may need to be extended in its application to EDNP food intakes of young Australian adults. Social marketing campaigns highlighting health risks, addressing social and environmental factors are suggested. The social desirability of healthier alternatives in social gatherings of young adults could be increased.
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24
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Gomes CS, Silveira EA, Velasquez-Melendez G. Neighborhood environment is associated with unhealthy food intake in a Brazilian urban area. Appetite 2022; 172:105972. [PMID: 35176434 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2022.105972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Unhealthy food intake is one of the main risk factors for morbidity and mortality for non-communicable diseases (NCDs), and is associated with multiple factors, including the neighborhood environment. The present study aimed to examine the association between the neighborhood context and unhealthy food intake in adults. This is a cross-sectional study, carried out in Belo Horizonte, Brazil. This study used the database of Surveillance System for Risk and Protective Factors for Chronic Diseases by Telephone Survey (Vigitel), which was georeferenced and linked to a database with information on the physical and social realities of a neighborhood context. The administrative boundary of the basic health units (ABBHU) was used as a neighborhood unit. Unhealthy food intake was assessed by the regular consumption of meat with excess fat, soft drinks, and red meat, as well as the irregular consumption of fruits and vegetables. To characterize the physical and social realities of a neighborhood, this study used georeferenced data of establishments selling foods, population density, homicide rates, health vulnerability Index, and total income. For data analysis, multilevel logistic regression was used. The sample consisted of 5783 adults. It was observed that younger, males, people with a lower-level education, who were inactive during leisure time, who had abusive alcohol consumption, and who were current smokers, were associated with a greater chance of having an unhealthy food intake. After adjusting for individual characteristics, it was observed that living in ABBHU, with a low mean income and an extremely high vulnerability, increases the individual's chances of having an unhealthy food intake. An unhealthy food intake is partially explained by demographic characteristics and socioeconomic conditions in the neighborhood. The present study can contribute to improving the understanding of the importance of the urban environment in food choices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Crizian Saar Gomes
- Department of Maternal and Child Nursing and Public Health, School of Nursing, Federal Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Erika Aparecida Silveira
- Health Science Post-graduate Program, Medicine Faculty, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Velasquez-Melendez
- Department of Maternal and Child Nursing and Public Health, School of Nursing, Federal Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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25
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Braun LM, Ward D, Hales D, Vaughn A, Erinosho T. Food Outlet Density, Distance, and Food Quality Offered to Preschool-Aged Children at Family Child Care Homes. JOURNAL OF NUTRITION EDUCATION AND BEHAVIOR 2022; 54:109-117. [PMID: 34922836 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneb.2021.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine how food environments around family child care homes (FCCHs) are associated with the healthfulness of foods served to children. DESIGN Cross-sectional data from a mail survey of FCCH providers, InfoUSA. PARTICIPANTS The study included 132 Mississippi FCCHs (26% response). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Dependent: compliance with nutrition best practices for 9 food categories; composite healthfulness score. Independent: counts of supermarkets, small-medium grocery stores, produce stores, convenience stores within 5 miles; distance to supermarket. ANALYSIS Logistic regression estimated associations between best-practice compliance and food environment. Linear regression estimated associations between composite food healthfulness and food environment. Models stratified by rural/urban location. RESULTS Rural FCCHs with higher counts of supermarkets, convenience stores, and produce stores had lower compliance with selected best practices (fried/prefried potatoes, high-sugar/high-fat foods). Urban FCCHs with more supermarkets had higher compliance with fruit not canned in syrup; those with more small-medium grocery stores and convenience stores had lower compliance with selected best practices (fried/prefried potatoes, vegetables, low-fat meats). CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Food environment measures were associated with some nutrition best practices, though not consistently in the expected direction. Future research could examine food quality at stores near rural FCCHs. Programs that improve local food environments may improve foods served at FCCHs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay M Braun
- Department of Urban and Regional Planning, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL.
| | - Dianne Ward
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Derek Hales
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Amber Vaughn
- Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC; Dr Vaughn was formerly with the Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC (now retired)
| | - Temitope Erinosho
- Department of Applied Health Science, Indiana University Bloomington, Bloomington, IN
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26
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Beulens JWJ, Pinho MGM, Abreu TC, den Braver NR, Lam TM, Huss A, Vlaanderen J, Sonnenschein T, Siddiqui NZ, Yuan Z, Kerckhoffs J, Zhernakova A, Brandao Gois MF, Vermeulen RCH. Environmental risk factors of type 2 diabetes-an exposome approach. Diabetologia 2022; 65:263-274. [PMID: 34792619 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-021-05618-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes is one of the major chronic diseases accounting for a substantial proportion of disease burden in Western countries. The majority of the burden of type 2 diabetes is attributed to environmental risks and modifiable risk factors such as lifestyle. The environment we live in, and changes to it, can thus contribute substantially to the prevention of type 2 diabetes at a population level. The 'exposome' represents the (measurable) totality of environmental, i.e. nongenetic, drivers of health and disease. The external exposome comprises aspects of the built environment, the social environment, the physico-chemical environment and the lifestyle/food environment. The internal exposome comprises measurements at the epigenetic, transcript, proteome, microbiome or metabolome level to study either the exposures directly, the imprints these exposures leave in the biological system, the potential of the body to combat environmental insults and/or the biology itself. In this review, we describe the evidence for environmental risk factors of type 2 diabetes, focusing on both the general external exposome and imprints of this on the internal exposome. Studies provided established associations of air pollution, residential noise and area-level socioeconomic deprivation with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes, while neighbourhood walkability and green space are consistently associated with a reduced risk of type 2 diabetes. There is little or inconsistent evidence on the contribution of the food environment, other aspects of the social environment and outdoor temperature. These environmental factors are thought to affect type 2 diabetes risk mainly through mechanisms incorporating lifestyle factors such as physical activity or diet, the microbiome, inflammation or chronic stress. To further assess causality of these associations, future studies should focus on investigating the longitudinal effects of our environment (and changes to it) in relation to type 2 diabetes risk and whether these associations are explained by these proposed mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joline W J Beulens
- Department of Epidemiology & Data Science, Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, location VUmc, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
| | - Maria G M Pinho
- Department of Epidemiology & Data Science, Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, location VUmc, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Taymara C Abreu
- Department of Epidemiology & Data Science, Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, location VUmc, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Nicole R den Braver
- Department of Epidemiology & Data Science, Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, location VUmc, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Thao M Lam
- Department of Epidemiology & Data Science, Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, location VUmc, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Anke Huss
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Jelle Vlaanderen
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Tabea Sonnenschein
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Department of Human Geography and Spatial Planning, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Noreen Z Siddiqui
- Department of Epidemiology & Data Science, Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, location VUmc, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Zhendong Yuan
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Jules Kerckhoffs
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Alexandra Zhernakova
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Milla F Brandao Gois
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Roel C H Vermeulen
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
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27
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Gao X, Engeda J, Moore LV, Auchincloss AH, Moore K, Mujahid MS. Longitudinal associations between objective and perceived healthy food environment and diet: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. Soc Sci Med 2022; 292:114542. [PMID: 34802783 PMCID: PMC8748383 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2021.114542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Research examining the influence of neighborhood healthy food environment on diet has been mostly cross-sectional and has lacked robust characterization of the food environment. We examined longitudinal associations between features of the local food environment and healthy diet, and whether associations were modified by race/ethnicity. METHODS Data on 3634 adults aged 45-84 followed for 10 years were obtained from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. Diet quality was assessed using the Alternative Healthy Eating Index at Exam 1 (2000-2002) and Exam 5 (2010-2012). We assessed four measures of the local food environment using survey-based measures (e.g. perceptions of healthier food availability) and geographic information system (GIS)-based measures (e.g. distance to and density of healthier food stores) at Exam 1 and Exam 5. Random effects models adjusted for age, sex, education, moving status, per capita adjusted income, and neighborhood socioeconomic status, and used interaction terms to assess effect measure modification by race/ethnicity. RESULTS Net of confounders, one standard z-score higher average composite local food environment was associated with higher average AHEI diet score (β=1.39, 95% CI: 1.05, 1.73) over the follow-up period from Exam 1 to 5. This pattern of association was consistent across both GIS-based and survey-based measures of local food environment and was more pronounced among minoritized racial/ethnic groups. There was no association between changes in neighborhood environment and change in AHEI score, or effect measure modification by race/ethnicity. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that neighborhood-level food environment is associated with better diet quality, especially among racially/ethnically minoritized populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Gao
- Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.
| | - Joseph Engeda
- Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA; Social & Scientific Systems, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Latetia V Moore
- Division of Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Obesity, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Amy H Auchincloss
- Urban Health Collaborative, Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Kari Moore
- Urban Health Collaborative, Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Mahasin S Mujahid
- Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.
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28
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Kibe LW, Bazargan M. Fruit and Vegetable Intake Among Older African American and Hispanic Adults With Cardiovascular Risk Factors. Gerontol Geriatr Med 2022; 8:23337214211057730. [PMID: 35340364 PMCID: PMC8943447 DOI: 10.1177/23337214211057730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
African Americans and Hispanics are disproportionately burdened by cardiovascular risk
factors including hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and obesity. There is evidence that
fruits and vegetables have protective benefits for cardiovascular health. Factors
associated with fruit and vegetable intake among older minority adults are not well
established. A cross-sectional analysis of African American and Hispanic adults
>55 years with diagnosis of hypertension and/or diabetes was conducted. Daily intake of
fruits and vegetables was analyzed by socio-demographic, health status, health behaviors,
and access to fruits and vegetables. 77% of participants did not meet the United States
Department of Agriculture ≥5 a day serving guidelines. Fruit and vegetable consumption was
not associated with having hypertension or diabetes. Body mass index >25 and regular
exercise were significantly associated with more vegetable intake, but not fruit. African
Americans consumed significantly less fruits and vegetables than Hispanics. Among those
with access to fruits and vegetables, 78% did not meet the guidelines. Many older African
American and Hispanic adults with cardiovascular disease risk factors do not meet the
fruit and vegetable intake guidelines. Inadequate intake is worse among African Americans,
sedentary, and non-overweight/obese adults. Studies are needed to understand the barriers
associated with fruit and vegetable intake in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy W Kibe
- Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Mohsen Bazargan
- Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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29
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Winkler MR, Mui Y, Hunt SL, Laska MN, Gittelsohn J, Tracy M. Applications of Complex Systems Models to Improve Retail Food Environments for Population Health: A Scoping Review. Adv Nutr 2021; 13:1028-1043. [PMID: 34999752 PMCID: PMC9340968 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmab138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Retail food environments (RFEs) are complex systems with important implications for population health. Studying the complexity within RFEs comes with challenges. Complex systems models are computational tools that can help. We performed a systematic scoping review of studies that used complex systems models to study RFEs for population health. We examined the purpose for using the model, RFE features represented, extent to which the complex systems approach was maximized, and quality and transparency of methods employed. The PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews) guidelines were followed. Studies using agent-based modeling, system dynamics, discrete event simulations, networks, hybrid, or microsimulation models were identified from 7 multidisciplinary databases. Fifty-six studies met the inclusion criteria, including 23 microsimulation, 13 agent-based, 10 hybrid, 4 system dynamics, 4 network, and 2 discrete event simulation models. Most studies (n = 45) used models for experimental purposes and evaluated effects of simulated RFE policies and interventions. RFE characteristics simulated in models were diverse, and included the features (e.g., prices) customers encounter when shopping (n = 55), the settings (e.g., restaurants, supermarkets) where customers purchase food and beverages (n = 30), and the actors (e.g., store managers, suppliers) who make decisions that influence RFEs (n = 25). All models incorporated characteristics of complexity (e.g., feedbacks, conceptual representation of multiple levels), but these were captured to varying degrees across model types. The quality of methods was adequate overall; however, few studies engaged stakeholders (n = 10) or provided sufficient transparency to verify the model (n = 12). Complex systems models are increasingly utilized to study RFEs and their contributions to public health. Opportunities to advance the use of these approaches remain, and areas to improve future research are discussed. This comprehensive review provides the first marker of the utility of leveraging these approaches to address RFEs for population health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yeeli Mui
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Shanda L Hunt
- Health Sciences Library, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Melissa N Laska
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Joel Gittelsohn
- Center for Human Nutrition, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Melissa Tracy
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University at Albany School of Public Health, Rensselaer, NY, USA
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30
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Arshad T, Paik JM, Biswas R, Alqahtani SA, Henry L, Younossi ZM. Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Prevalence Trends Among Adolescents and Young Adults in the United States, 2007-2016. Hepatol Commun 2021; 5:1676-1688. [PMID: 34558817 PMCID: PMC8485885 DOI: 10.1002/hep4.1760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the burden of NAFLD among adolescents and young adults has become increasingly relevant. Our aim was to estimate the prevalence of NAFLD among adolescents and young adults in the United States. Data were obtained from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2007-2016. Adolescents and young adults aged 12 to 29 years were included. NAFLD was determined by the U.S. Fatty Liver Index in the absence of secondary causes of liver disease, and the differences in prevalence trends were analyzed based on age, gender, and race. Complete data were available for 4,654 adolescents and young adults (mean age 21 years; 50.9% male; 56.8% White, 20.9% Hispanic, and 13.3% Black). The overall prevalence of NAFLD among adolescents and young adults was 18.5%, ranging from 13.2% among early and middle adolescents (12-17 years) to 18.7% among late adolescents and young adults (18-24 years), to 24.0% among older young adults (25-30 years) (trend P < 0.001). The prevalence of NAFLD was higher for boys than for girls (aged 12-17: 15.1% vs. 11.3%; aged 18-24: 21.1% vs. 16.2%; aged 25-30: 28.7% vs. 19.2%, all P < 0.030). Among all age groups, Hispanics had a higher prevalence of NAFLD than Whites and Blacks (pairwise P < 0.001). Over the study time period, the prevalence of NAFLD among early and middle adolescents and young adults did not change (trend P > 0.80). In contrast, NAFLD prevalence among late adolescents increased (trend P = 0.018). In fact, White and Hispanic late adolescents were the drivers behind this increase in the prevalence of NAFLD. Conclusion: These data indicate an increasing trend in NAFLD prevalence among 18-24-year-olds. These data have important public health and policy implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamoore Arshad
- Center for Liver DiseaseDepartment of MedicineInova Fairfax Medical CampusFalls ChurchVAUSA
| | - James M. Paik
- Betty and Guy Beatty Center for Integrated ResearchInova Health SystemFalls ChurchVAUSA
| | - Rakesh Biswas
- Center for Liver DiseaseDepartment of MedicineInova Fairfax Medical CampusFalls ChurchVAUSA
| | - Saleh A. Alqahtani
- Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMDUSA
- Center for Outcomes Research in Liver DiseaseWashingtonDCUSA
| | - Linda Henry
- Center for Outcomes Research in Liver DiseaseWashingtonDCUSA
| | - Zobair M. Younossi
- Center for Liver DiseaseDepartment of MedicineInova Fairfax Medical CampusFalls ChurchVAUSA
- Betty and Guy Beatty Center for Integrated ResearchInova Health SystemFalls ChurchVAUSA
- Inova MedicineInova Health SystemFalls ChurchVAUSA
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31
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Haynes-Maslow L, McGuirt J, Trippichio G, Armstrong-Brown J, Ammerman AS, Leone LA. Examining commonly used perceived and objective measures of fruit and vegetable access in low-income populations and their association with consumption. Transl Behav Med 2021; 10:1342-1349. [PMID: 33421088 DOI: 10.1093/tbm/ibaa077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Perception-based and objective food access measures are often examined as factors influencing individuals' shopping decisions and dietary habits, but the relative influence of these two factors on behaviors needs further examination. This study sought to (a) determine if perception-based and objective measures of fruit and vegetable (F&V) access were related and (b) examine perception-based and objective access measures as predictors of F&V consumption. Participants were recruited as part of a larger intervention study from 12 sites across three urban North Carolina counties. Perception-based food access measured included self-reported perceptions of convenience, variety, and quality of F&V within a neighborhood. Food outlet density was used as the objective measure. This was derived by summing the total number of geocoded convenience stores, grocery stores, supermarkets, and supercenters located within 1 road network mile of participants' home address. Associations between perception-based and objective measures were examined using Pearson's correlations, and associations of F&V access and intake were examined using linear regression models. Pearson correlations between perception-based and objective measures revealed that F&V variety was associated with supermarkets. Regression results show that perception-based barriers to F&V access were not significantly associated with intake, but supercenter density within 1 mile was significantly associated with decreased F&V intake. Common measures of perception-based and objective measures of food access may not be the best predictor of F&V intake. Understanding the relationships of these factors for lower-income populations can offer guidance for future policies and programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsey Haynes-Maslow
- Department of Agricultural & Human Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Jared McGuirt
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, USA
| | - Gina Trippichio
- Center for Obesity Research and Education, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Alice S Ammerman
- Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Lucia A Leone
- Department of Community Health and Health Behavior, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
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Pinho MGM, Lakerveld J, Harbers MC, Sluijs I, Vermeulen R, Huss A, Boer JMA, Verschuren WMM, Brug J, Beulens JWJ, Mackenbach JD. Ultra-processed food consumption patterns among older adults in the Netherlands and the role of the food environment. Eur J Nutr 2021; 60:2567-2580. [PMID: 33236180 PMCID: PMC8275501 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-020-02436-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To describe the patterns of ultra-processed foods (UPFs) consumption in the Netherlands; to test if exposure to the food environment is associated with UPFs consumption; and if this association differed across educational levels and neighbourhood urbanisation. METHODS Cross-sectional study using 2015-data of 8104 older adults from the Dutch EPIC cohort. Proportion of UPFs consumption was calculated from a validated food-frequency questionnaire. Exposure to the food environment was defined as proximity and availability of supermarkets, fast-food restaurants, full-service restaurants, convenience stores, candy stores and cafés. Consumption of UPFs was expressed as both percentage of total grams and total kilocalories. RESULTS The study population was aged 70(± 10 SD) years and 80.5% was female. Average UPFs consumption was 17.8% of total food intake in grams and 37% of total energy intake. Those who consumed greater amounts of UPFs had a poorer overall diet quality. Adjusted linear regression models showed that closer proximity and larger availability to any type of food retailer was associated with lower UPFs consumption (both in grams and kilocalories). Somewhat stronger significant associations were found for proximity to restaurants (β = - 1.6%, 95% confidence interval (CI) = - 2.6; - 0.6), and supermarkets (β = - 2.2%, 95%CI = - 3.3; - 1.1); i.e., Individuals living within 500 m from the closest supermarket, as compared to 1500 m, had 2.6% less calories from UPFs. No differences were found on analyses stratified for urbanisation and education. CONCLUSIONS Using various measures of exposure to the food environment, we found that exposure to restaurants and supermarkets was associated with somewhat lower consumption of UPFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Gabriela M Pinho
- Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, de Boelelaan 1089A, 1081 BT, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Upstream Team, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1089a, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Jeroen Lakerveld
- Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, de Boelelaan 1089A, 1081 BT, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Upstream Team, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1089a, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 100, 3584 CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Faculty of Geosciences, Utrecht University, Princetonlaan 8a, 3584 CB, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Marjolein C Harbers
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 100, 3584 CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ivonne Sluijs
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 100, 3584 CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Roel Vermeulen
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 100, 3584 CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 1, 3584 CL, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Anke Huss
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 1, 3584 CL, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jolanda M A Boer
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Antonie van Leeuwenhoeklaan 9, 3721 MA, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - W M Monique Verschuren
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 100, 3584 CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Antonie van Leeuwenhoeklaan 9, 3721 MA, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Johannes Brug
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Antonie van Leeuwenhoeklaan 9, 3721 MA, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam School of Communication Research (ASCoR), University of Amsterdam, Nieuwe Achtergracht 166, 1018 WV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Joline W J Beulens
- Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, de Boelelaan 1089A, 1081 BT, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Upstream Team, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1089a, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 100, 3584 CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Joreintje D Mackenbach
- Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, de Boelelaan 1089A, 1081 BT, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Upstream Team, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1089a, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Harbers MC, Beulens JWJ, Boer JM, Karssenberg D, Mackenbach JD, Rutters F, Vaartjes I, Verschuren WMM, van der Schouw YT. Residential exposure to fast-food restaurants and its association with diet quality, overweight and obesity in the Netherlands: a cross-sectional analysis in the EPIC-NL cohort. Nutr J 2021; 20:56. [PMID: 34134701 PMCID: PMC8210363 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-021-00713-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Unhealthy food environments may contribute to unhealthy diets and risk of overweight and obesity through increased consumption of fast-food. Therefore, we aimed to study the association of relative exposure to fast-food restaurants (FFR) with overall diet quality and risk of overweight and obesity in a sample of older adults. Methods We analyzed cross-sectional data of the EPIC-NL cohort (n = 8,231). Data on relative FFR exposure was obtained through linkage of home address in 2015 with a retail outlet database. We calculated relative exposure to FFR by dividing the densities of FFR in street-network buffers of 400, 1000, and 1500 m around the home of residence by the density of all food retailers in the corresponding buffer. We calculated scores on the Dutch Healthy Diet 2015 (DHD15) index using data from a validated food-frequency questionnaire. BMI was categorized into normal weight (BMI < 25), overweight (25 ≤ BMI < 30), and obesity (BMI ≥ 30). We used multivariable linear regression (DHD15-index) and multinomial logistic regression (weight status), using quartiles of relative FFR exposure as independent variable, adjusting for lifestyle and environmental characteristics. Results Relative FFR exposure was not significantly associated with DHD15-index scores in the 400, 1000, and 1500 m buffers (βQ4vsQ1= -0.21 [95 %CI: -1.12; 0.70]; βQ4vsQ1= -0.12 [95 %CI: -1.10; 0.87]; βQ4vsQ1 = 0.37 [95 %CI: -0.67; 1.42], respectively). Relative FFR exposure was also not related to overweight in consecutive buffers (ORQ4vsQ1=1.10 [95 %CI: 0.97; 1.25]; ORQ4vsQ1=0.97 [95 %CI: 0.84; 1.11]; ORQ4vsQ1= 1.04 [95 %CI: 0.90–1.20]); estimates for obesity were similar to those of overweight. Conclusions A high proportion of FFR around the home of residence was not associated with diet quality or overweight and obesity in this large Dutch cohort of older adults. We conclude that although the food environment may be a determinant of food choice, this may not directly translate into effects on diet quality and weight status. Methodological improvements are warranted to provide more conclusive evidence. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12937-021-00713-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjolein C Harbers
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
| | - Joline W J Beulens
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.,Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jolanda Ma Boer
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - Derek Karssenberg
- Department of Physical Geography, Faculty of Geosciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Joreintje D Mackenbach
- Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Upstream Team, www.upstreamteam.nl, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Femke Rutters
- Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ilonca Vaartjes
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - W M Monique Verschuren
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.,National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - Yvonne T van der Schouw
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
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Bryce R, WolfsonBryce JA, CohenBryce A, Milgrom N, Garcia D, Steele A, Yaphe S, Pike D, Valbuena F, Miller-Matero LR. A pilot randomized controlled trial of a fruit and vegetable prescription program at a federally qualified health center in low income uncontrolled diabetics. Prev Med Rep 2021; 23:101410. [PMID: 34150472 PMCID: PMC8193138 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2021.101410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Eating a healthy diet is important for managing diabetes. Although there are high rates of diabetes in low-income urban areas, these patients often have limited access to fruits and vegetables. The 15-week Fresh Prescription (Fresh Rx) program was designed to improve access and consumption of fruits and vegetables among low-income patients with diabetes in Detroit, MI. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of a fruit and vegetable prescription program on changes in hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C), blood pressure (BP), and body mass index (BMI) in patients with diabetes in a randomized controlled trial at a federally qualified health center (FQHC). Patients randomized to the Fresh Rx group (n = 56) were allotted up to $80 ($10 for up to eight weeks) for purchase of produce from a farmers market based at the FQHC. The control group (n = 56) received standard treatment plus information on community resources to improve health. Outcomes were compared at baseline and within three months of program completion. There were no significant between-group differences for any of the outcomes at program completion (p > .05); however, there was a small effect size for HbA1c (partial η2 = 0.02). Within the Fresh Rx group, HbA1c significantly decreased from 9.64% to 9.14% (p = 0.006). However, no changes were noted within the control group (9.38 to 9.41%, p = 0.89). BMI and BP did not change from pre- to post-study in either group (p > .05). Results from this study offer preliminary evidence that produce prescription programs may reduce HbA1C in low-income patients with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Bryce
- Community Health and Social Services (CHASS) Center, 5635 W. Fort St., Detroit, MI 48209, USA.,Department of Family Medicine and Public Health Sciences, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 540 E. Canfield St., Detroit, MI 48201, USA.,Department of Family Medicine, Henry Ford Health System, 2799 W. Grand Blvd., Detroit, MI 48202, USA
| | - Julia A WolfsonBryce
- Department of Health Management and Policy, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Alicia CohenBryce
- Providence VA Medical Center, Providence, RI, USA.,Department of Family Medicine, Alpert Medical School, Brown University and Department of Health Services, Policy, and Practice, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Nicki Milgrom
- Ecology Center, 339 E. Liberty St., Suite 300, Ann Arbor, MI 48104, USA
| | - Danny Garcia
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health Sciences, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 540 E. Canfield St., Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Alicia Steele
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health Sciences, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 540 E. Canfield St., Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Sean Yaphe
- Department of Family Medicine, Henry Ford Health System, 2799 W. Grand Blvd., Detroit, MI 48202, USA
| | - Denise Pike
- Community Health and Social Services (CHASS) Center, 5635 W. Fort St., Detroit, MI 48209, USA
| | - Felix Valbuena
- Community Health and Social Services (CHASS) Center, 5635 W. Fort St., Detroit, MI 48209, USA.,Department of Family Medicine, Henry Ford Health System, 2799 W. Grand Blvd., Detroit, MI 48202, USA
| | - Lisa R Miller-Matero
- Department of Behavioral Health, Henry Ford Health System, 2799 W. Grand Blvd., Detroit, MI 48202, USA
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Are neighbourhood restaurants related to frequency of restaurant meals and dietary quality? Prevalence and changes over time in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. Public Health Nutr 2021; 24:4630-4641. [PMID: 34030763 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980021002196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine whether the density of neighbourhood restaurants affected the frequency of eating restaurant meals and subsequently affected diet quality. DESIGN Cross-sectional and longitudinal designs. Structural equation models assessed the indirect relationship between restaurant density (≤3 miles (4·8 km) of participant addresses) and dietary quality (Healthy Eating Index 2010 (HEI)) via the frequency of eating restaurant meals, after adjustment for sociodemographics, select health conditions, region, residence duration and area-level income. SETTING Urbanised areas in multiple regions of the USA, years 2000-2002 and 2010-2012. PARTICIPANTS Participants aged 45-84 years were followed for 10 years (n 3567). RESULTS Median HEI (out of 100) was fifty-nine at baseline and sixty-two at follow-up. The cross-sectional analysis found that residing in areas with a high density of restaurants (highest-ranked quartile) was associated with 52 % higher odds of frequently eating restaurant meals (≥3 times/week, OR: 1·52, 95 % CI 1·18, 1·98) and 3 % higher odds of having lower dietary quality (HEI lowest quartile < 54, OR: 1·03, 95 % CI 1·01, 1·06); associations were not sustained in longitudinal analyses. The cross-sectional analysis found 34 % higher odds of having lower dietary quality for those who frequently ate at restaurants (OR: 1·34, 95 % CI 1·12, 1·61), and more restaurant meals (over time increase ≥ 1 time/week) were associated with higher odds of having worse dietary quality at follow-up (OR: 1·21, 95 % CI 1·00, 1·46). CONCLUSIONS Restaurant density was associated with frequently eating out in cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses but was associated with the lower dietary quality only in cross-sectional analyses. Frequent restaurant meals were negatively related to dietary quality. Interventions that encourage less frequent eating out may improve population dietary quality.
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Dhakal CK, Khadka S. Heterogeneities in Consumer Diet Quality and Health Outcomes of Consumers by Store Choice and Income. Nutrients 2021; 13:1046. [PMID: 33804858 PMCID: PMC8063805 DOI: 10.3390/nu13041046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity and other diet-related health conditions have received much attention in the public health literature over the past two decades. This study investigates the relationship between household food budget shares at different food outlets with diet quality and weight-related health outcomes in the United States. Our analysis used event-level food purchase data from the national household food acquisition and purchases survey (FoodAPS). We find that, after controlling for observables, food purchase location is significantly associated with diet quality and body mass index (BMI). Our findings indicate that larger food budget shares at convenience stores and restaurants are linked with poor diet quality based on the healthy eating index-2015 (HEI-2015) scores and higher BMI. We further explored potential heterogeneity on outcomes of interest across income groups. Results suggest heterogeneous effects may exist across income groups: low-income households, who spent a larger share of their food budget at convenience stores and fast-food restaurants are related to poor diet quality and more likely to be obese. Our findings will help improve understanding of the causes of diet-related health problems and may illuminate potential avenues of intervention to address obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandra K. Dhakal
- Department of Agricultural and Applied Economics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA;
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Sreedhara M, Goins KV, Frisard C, Rosal MC, Lemon SC. Healthy Eating Policy Strategies in Community Health Improvement Plans: A Cross-Sectional Survey of US Local Health Departments. JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE 2021; 27:125-134. [PMID: 31834204 PMCID: PMC7289666 DOI: 10.1097/phh.0000000000001104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Policies (eg, regulations, taxes, and zoning ordinances) can increase opportunities for healthy eating. Community Health Improvement Plans (CHIP) may foster collaboration and local health department (LHD) engagement in policy decision making to improve local food environments. Limited research describes what policies supportive of healthy food environments are included in CHIPs nationally and relationships between LHD characteristics and participation in plans including such policies. OBJECTIVES To determine the proportion of US LHDs who participated in development of a CHIP containing healthy eating policy strategies and assess the association between LHD characteristics and inclusion of any healthy eating policy strategy in a CHIP. DESIGN A cross-sectional national probability survey. PARTICIPANTS Of the 209 US LHDs (serving populations <500 000) (response rate: 30.2%), 176 LHDs with complete data on CHIP status, outcomes, and covariates were eligible for analysis. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Thirteen healthy eating policy strategies were organized into 3 categories: increasing availability/identification of healthy foods, reducing access to unhealthy foods, and improving school food environments. Strategies and categories were identified from literature and public health recommendations. RESULTS In total, 32.2% of LHDs reported inclusion of 1 or more healthy eating policy strategies in a CHIP. The proportion of departments reporting specific strategies ranged from 20.8% for school district policies to 1.1% for sugar-sweetened beverage taxes. Local health departments serving 25 000 to 49 999 residents (odds ratio [OR]: 5.00; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.71-14.63), 100 000 to 499 999 residents (OR: 3.66; 95% CI: 1.12-11.95), pursuing national accreditation (OR: 4.46; 95% CI: 1.83-10.83), or accredited (OR: 3.22; 95% CI: 1.08-9.63) were more likely to include 1 or more healthy eating policy strategies in a CHIP than smaller LHDs (<25 000) and LHDs not seeking accreditation, respectively, after adjusting for covariates. CONCLUSIONS Few LHDs serving less than 500 000 residents reported CHIPs that included a policy-based approach to improve food environments, indicating room for improvement. Population size served and accreditation may affect LHD policy engagement to enhance local food environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meera Sreedhara
- Division of Preventive and Behavioral Medicine, Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences (Mss Sreedhara, Valentine Goins, and Frisard and Drs Rosal and Lemon) and Clinical and Population Health Research PhD Program, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences (Ms Sreedhara), University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts
| | - Karin Valentine Goins
- Division of Preventive and Behavioral Medicine, Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences (Mss Sreedhara, Valentine Goins, and Frisard and Drs Rosal and Lemon) and Clinical and Population Health Research PhD Program, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences (Ms Sreedhara), University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts
| | - Christine Frisard
- Division of Preventive and Behavioral Medicine, Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences (Mss Sreedhara, Valentine Goins, and Frisard and Drs Rosal and Lemon) and Clinical and Population Health Research PhD Program, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences (Ms Sreedhara), University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts
| | - Milagros C. Rosal
- Division of Preventive and Behavioral Medicine, Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences (Mss Sreedhara, Valentine Goins, and Frisard and Drs Rosal and Lemon) and Clinical and Population Health Research PhD Program, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences (Ms Sreedhara), University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts
| | - Stephenie C. Lemon
- Division of Preventive and Behavioral Medicine, Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences (Mss Sreedhara, Valentine Goins, and Frisard and Drs Rosal and Lemon) and Clinical and Population Health Research PhD Program, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences (Ms Sreedhara), University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts
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Mölenberg FJM, Mackenbach JD, Poelman MP, Santos S, Burdorf A, van Lenthe FJ. Socioeconomic inequalities in the food environment and body composition among school-aged children: a fixed-effects analysis. Int J Obes (Lond) 2021; 45:2554-2561. [PMID: 34389801 PMCID: PMC8606311 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-021-00934-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 07/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is limited evidence regarding socioeconomic inequalities of exposure to the food environment and its contribution to childhood obesity. METHODS We used data from 4235 children from the Generation R Study, a large birth-cohort conducted in the city of Rotterdam, The Netherlands. We included 11,277 person-observations of body mass index (BMI) and 6240 person-observations of DXA-derived fat mass index (FMI) and fat-free mass index (FFMI) when children were between 4 and 14 years. We applied linear regression models to evaluate changes in the relative and absolute exposure of fast-food outlets, and the healthiness of the food environment within 400 m from home by maternal education. Furthermore, we used individual-level fixed-effects models to study changes in the food environment to changes in BMI, FMI and FFMI. RESULTS Children from lower educated mothers were exposed to more fast-food outlets at any time-point between the age of 4 and 14 years. Over a median period of 7.1 years, the absolute (0.6 fast-food outlet (95% CI: 0.4-0.8)) and relative (2.0%-point (95% CI: 0.7-3.4)) amount of fast-food outlets increased more for children from lower as compared to higher educated mothers. The food environment became more unhealthy over time, but no differences in trends were seen by maternal education level. Changes in the food environment were not associated with subsequent changes in BMI, FMI and FFMI. For children from lower educated mothers not exposed to fast-food at first, we found some evidence that the introduction of fast-food was associated with small increases in BMI. CONCLUSIONS Our findings provide evidence of widening inequalities in exposure to fast-food in an already poor food environment. Access to more fast-food outlets does not seem to have an additional impact on BMI in contemporary contexts with ubiquitous fast-food outlets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Famke J. M. Mölenberg
- grid.5645.2000000040459992XDepartment of Public Health, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands ,grid.5645.2000000040459992XThe Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Joreintje D. Mackenbach
- grid.12380.380000 0004 1754 9227Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maartje P. Poelman
- grid.4818.50000 0001 0791 5666Chair Group Consumption and Healthy Lifestyles, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Susana Santos
- grid.5645.2000000040459992XThe Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands ,grid.5645.2000000040459992XDepartment of Paediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Alex Burdorf
- grid.5645.2000000040459992XDepartment of Public Health, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Frank J. van Lenthe
- grid.5645.2000000040459992XDepartment of Public Health, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands ,grid.5477.10000000120346234Faculty of Geosciences, Department of Human Geography and Spatial Planning, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Strodl E, Markey C, Aimé A, Rodgers RF, Dion J, Coco GL, Gullo S, McCabe M, Mellor D, Granero-Gallegos A, Sicilia A, Castelnuovo G, Probst M, Maïano C, Manzoni GM, Begin C, Blackburn ME, Pietrabissa G, Alcaraz-Ibánez M, Hayami-Chisuwa N, He Q, Caltabiano ML, Fuller-Tyszkiewicz M. A cross-country examination of emotional eating, restrained eating and intuitive eating: Measurement Invariance across eight countries. Body Image 2020; 35:245-254. [PMID: 33147542 DOI: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2020.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
This study examined the measurement invariance of three scales that assessed emotional eating, restrained eating, and intuitive eating across eight countries (Australia, Belgium, Canada, China, Italy, Japan, Spain and the United States) in order to determine their suitability for cross-country body image research. A total of 6272 young adults took part in this study. Participants completed an online survey including the Emotional Eating subscale of the Three Factor Eating Questionnaire-Revised 21, the Restraint subscale of the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire, and the Reliance on Hunger and Satiety Cues subscale of The Intuitive Eating Scale-2. Multi-group confirmatory factor analysis was used to evaluate potential cross-country differences in functioning of the measures. Partial invariance for all three scales was found, with only minor levels of non-invariance identified. Multiple indicator multiple cause models identified BMI and gender as potential influences on scores for these measures. Sources of invariance across groups are discussed, as well as implications for further substantive research across countries involving these measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esben Strodl
- School of Psychology and Counselling, Queensland University of Technology, Victoria Park Rd, Kelvin Grove, Queensland, 4059, Australia.
| | - Charlotte Markey
- Department of Psychology, Health Sciences Centre, Rutgers University, Camden, NJ 08102, USA.
| | - Annie Aimé
- Department of Psychoeducation and Psychology, Université du Québec en Outaouais, Saint-Jérôme (Québec), Canada.
| | - Rachel F Rodgers
- APPEAR, Department of Applied Psychology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Psychiatric Emergency & Acute Care, Lapeyronie Hospital, CHRU Montpellier, France.
| | - Jacinthe Dion
- Department of Health Sciences, Université du Quebec a Chicoutimi, 555, boul. De l'universite, Chicoutimi, Quebec, G7H 2BI, Canada.
| | - Gianluca Lo Coco
- Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, edificio 15 Palermo 90128, Italy.
| | - Salvatore Gullo
- Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, edificio 15 Palermo 90128, Italy.
| | - Marita McCabe
- School of Health Sciences, Swinburne University, Burwood Road, Hawthorn, 3122, Australia.
| | - David Mellor
- Deakin University, 1 Gheringhap Street, Geelong, Victoria, 3220, Australia.
| | - Antonio Granero-Gallegos
- Health Research Centre and Department of Education, University of Almería, Ctra de Sacramento, s/n, 04120 Almería, Spain.
| | - Alvaro Sicilia
- Health Research Centre and Department of Education, University of Almería, Ctra de Sacramento, s/n, 04120 Almería, Spain.
| | - Gianluca Castelnuovo
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, San Giuseppe Hospital, Strada Cadorna 90, 28824, Oggebbio (VB), Italy; Department of Psychology, Catholic University of Milan, Largo Agostino Gemelli, 1, 20123, Milan, Italy.
| | - Michel Probst
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, O&N4Herestraat 49, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Christophe Maïano
- Department of Psychoeducation and Psychology, Université du Québec en Outaouais, Saint-Jérôme, Canada.
| | - Gian Mauro Manzoni
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, San Giuseppe Hospital, Strada Cadorna 90, 28824, Oggebbio (VB), Italy; Department of Psychology, eCampus University, Via Isimbardi, 10, 22060, Novedrate (CO), Italy.
| | - Catherine Begin
- School of Psychology, Université Laval, 2325 Allee des Bibliotheques, Quebec, GIV OA6, Canada.
| | - Marie-Eve Blackburn
- ECOBES-Research and Transfer, Cegep de Jonquiere, 2505, Saint-Hubert Street, Jonquiere, Quebec, Canada.
| | - Giada Pietrabissa
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, San Giuseppe Hospital, Strada Cadorna 90, 28824, Oggebbio (VB), Italy; Department of Psychology, Catholic University of Milan, Largo Agostino Gemelli, 1, 20123, Milan, Italy.
| | - Manuel Alcaraz-Ibánez
- Health Research Centre and Department of Education, University of Almería, Ctra de Sacramento, s/n, 04120 Almería, Spain.
| | - Naomi Hayami-Chisuwa
- Graduate School of Human Life Sciences, Osaka City University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka, 558-8585, Japan.
| | - Qiqiang He
- School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, PR China.
| | - Marie L Caltabiano
- School of Psychology, James Cook University, McGregor Road, Smithfield, Queensland, 4870, Australia.
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Anokye R, Radavelli-Bagatini S, Bondonno CP, Sim M, Blekkenhorst LC, Connolly E, Bondonno NP, Schousboe JT, Woodman R, Zhu K, Szulc P, Jackson B, Dimmock J, Schlaich MP, Cox KL, Kiel DP, Lim WH, Devine A, Thompson PL, Gianoudis J, De Ross B, Daly RM, Hodgson JM, Lewis JR, Stanley M. Implementation, mechanisms of impact and key contextual factors involved in outcomes of the Modification of Diet, Exercise and Lifestyle (MODEL) randomised controlled trial in Australian adults: protocol for a mixed-method process evaluation. BMJ Open 2020; 10:e036395. [PMID: 33177130 PMCID: PMC7661373 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-036395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The Modification of Diet, Exercise and Lifestyle (MODEL) study aims to examine the impact of providing visualisation and pictorial representation of advanced structural vascular disease (abdominal aortic calcification), on 'healthful' improvements to diet and lifestyle. This paper reports the protocol for the process evaluation for the MODEL study. METHODS AND ANALYSIS The overall aim of the process evaluation is to understand the processes that took place during participation in the MODEL study trial and which elements were effective or ineffective for influencing 'healthful' behavioural change, and possible ways of improvement to inform wider implementation strategies. A mixed-method approach will be employed with the use of structured questionnaires and semistructured in-depth interviews. All 200 participants enrolled in the trial will undertake the quantitative component of the study and maximum variation sampling will be used to select a subsample for the qualitative component. The sample size for the qualitative component will be determined based on analytical saturation. Interviews will be digitally recorded and transcribed verbatim. Qualitative data will be analysed thematically and reported according to the Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research (COREQ) guidelines. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The MODEL study process evaluation has received approval from Edith Cowan University Human Research Ethics Committee (Project Number: 20513 HODGSON). Written informed consent will be obtained from all participants before they are included in the study. The study results will be shared with the individuals and institutions associated with this study as well as academic audiences through peer-reviewed publication and probable presentation at conferences. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER ACTRN12618001087246.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reindolf Anokye
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Simone Radavelli-Bagatini
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Catherine P Bondonno
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Marc Sim
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Lauren C Blekkenhorst
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Emma Connolly
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Nicola P Bondonno
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - John T Schousboe
- Park Nicollet Osteoporosis Center and Health Partners Institute and Division of Health Policy and Management, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Richard Woodman
- Flinders Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Kun Zhu
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Pawel Szulc
- INSERM UMR1033, University of Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Ben Jackson
- School of Human Sciences (Exercise and Sport Science), University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - James Dimmock
- Department of Psychology, College of Healthcare Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| | - Markus P Schlaich
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Kay L Cox
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Douglas P Kiel
- Hinda and Arthur Marcus Institute for Aging Research, Hebrew Senior Life, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Wai H Lim
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Department of Renal Medicine, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Amanda Devine
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Peter L Thompson
- Department of Cardiology, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Jenny Gianoudis
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Science, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Belinda De Ross
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Science, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Robin M Daly
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Science, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jonathan M Hodgson
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Joshua R Lewis
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Centre for Kidney Research, Children's Hospital at Westmead, School of Public Health, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Mandy Stanley
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
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Drisdelle C, Kestens Y, Hamelin AM, Mercille G. Disparities in Access to Healthy Diets: How Food Security and Food Shopping Behaviors Relate to Fruit and Vegetable Intake. J Acad Nutr Diet 2020; 120:1847-1858. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2020.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Racial Differences in Perceived Food Swamp and Food Desert Exposure and Disparities in Self-Reported Dietary Habits. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17197143. [PMID: 33003573 PMCID: PMC7579470 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17197143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Both food swamps and food deserts have been associated with racial, ethnic, and socioeconomic disparities in obesity rates. Little is known about how the distribution of food deserts and food swamps relate to disparities in self-reported dietary habits, and health status, particularly for historically marginalized groups. In a national U.S. sample of 4305 online survey participants (age 18+), multinomial logistic regression analyses were used to assess by race and ethnicity the likelihood of living in a food swamp or food desert area. Predicted probabilities of self-reported dietary habits, health status, and weight status were calculated using the fitted values from ordinal or multinomial logistic regression models adjusted for relevant covariates. Results showed that non-Hispanic, Black participants (N = 954) were most likely to report living in a food swamp. In the full and White subsamples (N = 2912), the perception of residing in a food swamp/desert was associated with less-healthful self-reported dietary habits overall. For non-Hispanic Blacks, regression results also showed that residents of perceived food swamp areas (OR = 0.66, p < 0.01, 95% CI (0.51, 0.86)) had a lower diet quality than those not living in a food swamp/food desert area. Black communities in particular may be at risk for environment-linked diet-related health inequities. These findings suggest that an individual's perceptions of food swamp and food desert exposure may be related to diet habits among adults.
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Bivoltsis A, Trapp G, Knuiman M, Hooper P, Ambrosini GL. Do Changes in the Local Food Environment Within New Residential Developments Influence the Diets of Residents? Longitudinal Results from RESIDE. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17186778. [PMID: 32957529 PMCID: PMC7576477 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17186778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Background: There is limited longitudinal evidence supporting a link between food outlet locations and dietary outcomes to inform policy and urban planning. This study examined how longitudinal changes in the local food environment within new residential developments influenced changes in adult dietary intake. Methods: Adult participant data (n = 3223 person-observations) were sourced from the RESIDential Environments (RESIDE) project across three time points between 2004 to 2012 in Perth, Western Australia. Fixed effects regression estimated the relationship between change in spatial exposure to the local food environment, individual behaviours and perceptions of the local food environment with dietary outcome variables (healthy diet score, unhealthy diet score, diet quality score and fruit/vegetable intake). Results: An increase over time in the percentage of healthy food outlets around the home was significantly (p ≤ 0.05) associated with an increase in healthy diet scores and an increase in the distance from home to the nearest café restaurant was significantly (p ≤ 0.05) associated with an increase in diet quality scores. Conclusions: Modifying the local food environment by increasing the relative proportion of healthy food outlets around the home may support healthier dietary intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexia Bivoltsis
- School of Population and Global Health, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia; (G.T.); (M.K.); (G.L.A.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Gina Trapp
- School of Population and Global Health, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia; (G.T.); (M.K.); (G.L.A.)
- Telethon Kids Institute, PO Box 855, West Perth, WA 6872, Australia
| | - Matthew Knuiman
- School of Population and Global Health, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia; (G.T.); (M.K.); (G.L.A.)
| | - Paula Hooper
- Australian Urban Design Centre, School of Design, The University of Western Australia, 1002 Hay Street, Perth, WA 6000, Australia;
| | - Gina L. Ambrosini
- School of Population and Global Health, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia; (G.T.); (M.K.); (G.L.A.)
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Albalawi A, Hambly C, Speakman JR. Frequency of Restaurant, Delivery and Takeaway Usage Is Not Related to BMI among Adults in Scotland. Nutrients 2020; 12:E2501. [PMID: 32825066 PMCID: PMC7551913 DOI: 10.3390/nu12092501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The frequency of visits to restaurants has been suggested to contribute to the pandemic of obesity. However, few studies have examined how individual use of these restaurants is related to Body Mass Index (BMI). AIM To investigate the association between the usage of different types of food outlets and BMI among adults in Scotland. METHOD The study was cross-sectional. Participants completed an online survey for seven consecutive days where all food purchased at food outlets was reported each day. We explored the relationship between BMI and usage of these food outlets. RESULTS The total number of participants that completed the survey was 681. The BMI of both males and females was not related to frequency of use of Full-Service Restaurants (FSRs), Fast-Food Restaurants (FFRs), delivery or takeaways, when assessed individually or combined (TFOs = total food outlets). CONCLUSION These cross-sectional data do not support the widespread belief that consumption of food out of the home at fast-food and full-service restaurants, combined with that derived from deliveries and takeaways, is a major driver of obesity in Scotland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Albalawi
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Tillydrone Ave, Aberdeen AB24 2TZ, UK; (A.A.); (C.H.)
| | - Catherine Hambly
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Tillydrone Ave, Aberdeen AB24 2TZ, UK; (A.A.); (C.H.)
| | - John R. Speakman
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Tillydrone Ave, Aberdeen AB24 2TZ, UK; (A.A.); (C.H.)
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Development Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Centre of Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China
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Scott CK, Colasanti K, Parks CA. The Weekend Food Odyssey: Perceptions of Accessibility to Urban Food Outlets. JOURNAL OF HUNGER & ENVIRONMENTAL NUTRITION 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/19320248.2020.1806982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Kelly Scott
- Department of Agricultural Economics, Sociology, and Education, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Kathryn Colasanti
- Center for Regional Food Systems, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
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Abdallah AAM, Nasr El-Deen NAM, Abd El-Aziz HI, Neamat-Allah ANF. Effect of the aqueous root extract of Curcuma longa L. (turmeric) against thermally oxidized oil-induced hematological, biochemical and histopathological alterations. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s00580-020-03108-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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The influence of the local food environment on diet following residential relocation: longitudinal results from RESIDential Environments (RESIDE). Public Health Nutr 2020; 23:2132-2144. [PMID: 32375916 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980019005111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the associations of changes in the local food environment, individual behaviours and perceptions with changes in dietary intake, following relocation from an established neighbourhood to a new residential development. DESIGN Spatial food environment exposure measures were generated relative to each participant's home address using the locations of food outlets at baseline (before moving house) and follow-up (1-2 years after relocation). Self-reported data on socio-demographics, self-selection, usual dietary intake, individual behaviours and perceptions of the local food environment were sourced from the RESIDential Environments (RESIDE) Project. Changes in spatial exposure measures, individual behaviours and perceptions with changes in dietary outcomes were examined using mixed linear models. SETTING Perth, Western Australia, 2003-2007. PARTICIPANTS Adults (n 1200) from the RESIDE Project. RESULTS Moving to a new residential development with more convenience stores and café restaurants around the home was significantly associated with an increase in unhealthy food intake (β = 0·049, 95 % CI 0·010, 0·089; β = 0·020, 95 % CI 0·007, 0·033) and was partially mediated by individual behaviours and perceptions. A greater percentage of healthy food outlets around the home following relocation was significantly associated with an increase in healthy food (β = 0·003, 95 % CI 0·001, 0·005) and fruit/vegetable intake (β = 0·002, 95 % CI 0·001, 0·004). CONCLUSIONS Policy and planning may influence dietary intakes by restricting the number of convenience stores and other unhealthy food outlets and increasing the relative percentage of healthy food outlets.
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Sharpe PA, Bell BA, Liese AD, Wilcox S, Stucker J, Hutto BE. Effects of a food hub initiative in a disadvantaged community: A quasi-experimental evaluation. Health Place 2020; 63:102341. [PMID: 32543428 PMCID: PMC7357735 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2020.102341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A quasi-experiment evaluated a food hub's (FH) impact in a low-income/low-access (food desert) setting on fruit and vegetable (F&V) intake, diet quality, kilocalories, perceived food environment, BMI, and farmers' market shopping versus a matched community (n = 265 FH, n = 262 Comparison). Comparison shoppers had better baseline perceptions of their food environment, but FH shoppers improved significantly more than Comparison shoppers. Comparison shoppers significantly increased F&V intake versus FH shoppers. Effects were not significant for other diet outcomes, BMI, or farmers' market shopping. Factors besides spacial access to healthy food need consideration to address dietary intake and obesity in disadvantaged communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia A Sharpe
- Prevention Research Center, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, 921 Assembly Street, Columbia, SC, 29208, United States.
| | - Bethany A Bell
- College of Social Work, University of South Carolina, 1512 Pendelton Street, Columbia, SC, 29208, United States.
| | - Angela D Liese
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, 915 Greene Street, Columbia, SC, 29208, United States.
| | - Sara Wilcox
- Prevention Research Center, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, 921 Assembly Street, Columbia, SC, 29208, United States; Department of Exercise Science, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, 921 Assembly Street, Columbia, SC, 29208, United States.
| | - Jessica Stucker
- Prevention Research Center, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, 921 Assembly Street, Columbia, SC, 29208, United States.
| | - Brent E Hutto
- Prevention Research Center, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, 921 Assembly Street, Columbia, SC, 29208, United States.
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Food Access and Nutritional Status of Rural Adolescents in India: Pune Maternal Nutrition Study. Am J Prev Med 2020; 58:728-735. [PMID: 31982230 DOI: 10.1016/j.amepre.2019.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 10/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The relationships among food access, foods consumed, and nutritional status and health in developing countries are not well understood. Between 2013 and 2018, differences in the rural food environment and access to food, nutritional status, and body size in the rural villages where the Pune Maternal Nutrition birth cohort was recruited were measured and analyzed. METHODS Food access measures included the number of shops per 1,000 population, water availability, and distance from the highway. A total of 418 adolescents (223 boys, 195 girls) aged 18 years had diet assessed by a quantitative food frequency questionnaire; height, weight, and waist measured; body fat percentage determined by dual x-ray absorptiometry; and blood biomarkers (vitamin B12 and hemoglobin) assayed. RESULTS By village, the number of shops per 1,000 population ranged from 3.85 to 23.29. Boys and girls from the 2 villages with the highest food access, year-round water availability, and closest to the highway were heavier and had higher BMI, waist circumference, and body fat percentage compared with those from the lowest tertile of food access (p<0.05 for all, adjusted for SES). Across all villages, dietary diversity was poor and B12 insufficiency and anemia were prevalent. With easier access to food, consumption of staple foods decreased and outside food increased. On multivariate regression analysis, higher BMI of the adolescents was significantly associated with higher food access, along with higher weight at birth, socioeconomic scores, and daily energy consumption. CONCLUSIONS Results demonstrate a strong link between rural food access, foods consumed, and measures of nutritional status in an undernourished, mostly vegetarian, rural population.
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Yoon SR, Fogleman SK, Kim H, Lee KE, Kim OY. Breakfast Intake Effect on the Association between Fast-Food Consumption and the Risk of Obesity and Dyslipidemia in Korean Adults Aged 20-39 Years Based on the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey IV 2013-2014. Clin Nutr Res 2020; 9:107-121. [PMID: 32395441 PMCID: PMC7192669 DOI: 10.7762/cnr.2020.9.2.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the association between fast-food (FF) consumptions and the risk of overweight/obesity and dyslipidemia in Korean adults (20-39 years) based on the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2013-2014). We also examined the effect of breakfast intake on the risk of overweight/obesity and dyslipidemia according to their frequencies of FF consumption. FF consumption was categorized into 3 groups: < 1 time/month (n = 79); 1-3 times/month (n = 1,173); and ≥ 1 time/week (n = 474). People consuming FF ≥ 1 time/week had unhealthy lifestyles, higher intake of total calorie, fat, and protein, and higher levels of blood pressure, total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol than those consuming FF < 1 time/month. Logistic regression analysis showed higher risk of overweight/obesity in people consuming FF 1-3 times/month (odds ratio [OR], 2.525; confidence intervals [CIs], 1.169-5.452; p = 0.018) and ≥ 1 time/week (OR, 2.646; CIs, 1.128-6.208; p = 0.025) than those consuming FF < 1 time/month after the adjustment. The risk of dyslipidemia was also higher in people consuming FF ≥ 1 time/week than those consuming FF < 1 time/month after the adjustment (OR, 2.444; CIs, 1.047-5.704; p = 0.039). Furthermore, among people consuming FF ≥ 1 time/week, irregular breakfast consumers (≤ 2 times/week, n = 215) had significantly higher levels of triglyceride, TC, and LDL-C than regular breakfast consumers (5-6 times/week, n=180). Irregular breakfast consumers also showed a higher risk of dyslipidemia than regular breakfast consumers after the adjustment (OR, 2.913; CIs, 1.463-5.801; p = 0.002). In conclusion, frequent FF consumption increases the risk of obesity and dyslipidemia in Korean adults aged 20-39 years. Particularly among the frequent FF consumers, irregular breakfast intake may contribute to the increased risk of dyslipidemia. It may provide an evidence for proper dietary education to reduce the risk of overweight/obesity and dyslipidemia in Koreans adults aged 20-39 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- So Ra Yoon
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Dong-A University, Busan 49315, Korea
- Center for Silver-targeted Biomaterials, Brain Busan 21 Plus Program, Dong A University, Busan 49315, Korea
- Institute of Health Insurance and Clinical Research, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Goyang 10444, Korea
| | - Sockju K. Fogleman
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Meredith College, Raleigh, NC 27607-5298, USA
| | - Hyunyoung Kim
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Dong-A University, Busan 49315, Korea
- Center for Silver-targeted Biomaterials, Brain Busan 21 Plus Program, Dong A University, Busan 49315, Korea
| | - Kyung Eun Lee
- Divison of Applied Food System, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul Women's University, Seoul 01797, Korea
| | - Oh Yoen Kim
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Dong-A University, Busan 49315, Korea
- Center for Silver-targeted Biomaterials, Brain Busan 21 Plus Program, Dong A University, Busan 49315, Korea
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