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Shi S, Ming Y, Wu H, Zhi C, Yang L, Meng S, Si Y, Wang D, Fei B, Hu J. A Bionic Skin for Health Management: Excellent Breathability, In Situ Sensing, and Big Data Analysis. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2306435. [PMID: 37607262 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202306435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Developing an intelligent wearable system is of great significance to human health management. An ideal health-monitoring patch should possess key characteristics such as high air permeability, moisture-wicking function, high sensitivity, and a comfortable user experience. However, such a patch that encompasses all these functions is rarely reported. Herein, an intelligent bionic skin patch for health management is developed by integrating bionic structures, nano-welding technology, flexible circuit design, multifunctional sensing functions, and big data analysis using advanced electrospinning technology. By controlling the preparation of nanofibers and constructing bionic secondary structures, the resulting nanofiber membrane closely resembles human skin, exhibiting excellent air/moisture permeability, and one-side sweat-wicking properties. Additionally, the bionic patch is endowed with a high-precision signal acquisition capabilities for sweat metabolites, including glucose, lactic acid, and pH; skin temperature, skin impedance, and electromyographic signals can be precisely measured through the in situ sensing electrodes and flexible circuit design. The achieved intelligent bionic skin patch holds great potential for applications in health management systems and rehabilitation engineering management. The design of the smart bionic patch not only provides high practical value for health management but also has great theoretical value for the development of the new generation of wearable electronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Shi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
| | - Yang Ming
- School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, 999077, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Hanbai Wu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
| | - Chuanwei Zhi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
| | - Liangtao Yang
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1068 Xueyuan Avenue, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Shuo Meng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
| | - Yifan Si
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
| | - Dong Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
- College of Textile Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Eco-Textile Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
| | - Bin Fei
- School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, 999077, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jinlian Hu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
- City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, 518057, P. R. China
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Li H, Tan P, Rao Y, Bhattacharya S, Wang Z, Kim S, Gangopadhyay S, Shi H, Jankovic M, Huh H, Li Z, Maharjan P, Wells J, Jeong H, Jia Y, Lu N. E-Tattoos: Toward Functional but Imperceptible Interfacing with Human Skin. Chem Rev 2024; 124:3220-3283. [PMID: 38465831 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
The human body continuously emits physiological and psychological information from head to toe. Wearable electronics capable of noninvasively and accurately digitizing this information without compromising user comfort or mobility have the potential to revolutionize telemedicine, mobile health, and both human-machine or human-metaverse interactions. However, state-of-the-art wearable electronics face limitations regarding wearability and functionality due to the mechanical incompatibility between conventional rigid, planar electronics and soft, curvy human skin surfaces. E-Tattoos, a unique type of wearable electronics, are defined by their ultrathin and skin-soft characteristics, which enable noninvasive and comfortable lamination on human skin surfaces without causing obstruction or even mechanical perception. This review article offers an exhaustive exploration of e-tattoos, accounting for their materials, structures, manufacturing processes, properties, functionalities, applications, and remaining challenges. We begin by summarizing the properties of human skin and their effects on signal transmission across the e-tattoo-skin interface. Following this is a discussion of the materials, structural designs, manufacturing, and skin attachment processes of e-tattoos. We classify e-tattoo functionalities into electrical, mechanical, optical, thermal, and chemical sensing, as well as wound healing and other treatments. After discussing energy harvesting and storage capabilities, we outline strategies for the system integration of wireless e-tattoos. In the end, we offer personal perspectives on the remaining challenges and future opportunities in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbian Li
- Department of Aerospace Engineering and Engineering Mechanics, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Philip Tan
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Yifan Rao
- Department of Aerospace Engineering and Engineering Mechanics, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Sarnab Bhattacharya
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Zheliang Wang
- Department of Aerospace Engineering and Engineering Mechanics, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Sangjun Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Susmita Gangopadhyay
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Hongyang Shi
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Matija Jankovic
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Heeyong Huh
- Department of Aerospace Engineering and Engineering Mechanics, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Zhengjie Li
- Department of Aerospace Engineering and Engineering Mechanics, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Pukar Maharjan
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Jonathan Wells
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Hyoyoung Jeong
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Yaoyao Jia
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Nanshu Lu
- Department of Aerospace Engineering and Engineering Mechanics, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
- Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
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3
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Ok J, Park S, Jung YH, Kim TI. Wearable and Implantable Cortisol-Sensing Electronics for Stress Monitoring. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2211595. [PMID: 36917076 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202211595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Cortisol is a steroid hormone that is released from the body in response to stress. Although a moderate level of cortisol secretion can help the body maintain homeostasis, excessive secretion can cause various diseases, such as depression and anxiety. Conventional methods for cortisol measurement undergo procedures that limit continuous monitoring, typically collecting samples of bodily fluids, followed by separate analysis in a laboratory setting that takes several hours. Thus, recent studies demonstrate wearable, miniaturized sensors integrated with electronic modules that enable wireless real-time analysis. Here, the primary focus is on wearable and implantable electronic devices that continuously measure cortisol concentration. Diverse types of cortisol-sensing techniques, such as antibody-, DNA-aptamer-, and molecularly imprinted polymer-based sensors, as well as wearable and implantable devices that aim to continuously monitor cortisol in a minimally invasive fashion are discussed. In addition to the cortisol monitors that directly measure stress levels, other schemes that indirectly measure stress, such as electrophysiological signals and sweat are also summarized. Finally, the challenges and future directions in stress monitoring and management electronics are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jehyung Ok
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Sumin Park
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Yei Hwan Jung
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Il Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
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Abd-Elbaki MKM, Ragab TM, Ismael NER, Khalil ASG. Robust, self-adhesive and anti-bacterial silk-based LIG electrodes for electrophysiological monitoring. RSC Adv 2023; 13:31704-31719. [PMID: 37908662 PMCID: PMC10613951 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra05730e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Flexible wearable electrodes have been extensively used for obtaining electrophysiological signals towards smart health monitoring and disease diagnosis. Here, low-cost, and non-conductive silk fabric (SF) have been processed into highly conductive laser induced graphene (LIG) electrodes while maintaining the original structure of SF. A CO2-pulsed laser was utilized to produce LIG-SF with controlled sheet resistance and mechanical properties. Laser processing of SFs under optimized conditions yielded LIG-SF electrodes with a high degree of homogeneity on both, top and bottom layers. Silk fibroin/Ca2+ adhesive layers effectively promoted the adhesive, anti-bacterial properties and provided a conformal contact of LIG-SF electrodes with human skin. Compared with conventional Ag/AgCl electrodes, LIG-SF electrodes possesses a much lower contact impedance in contact with human skin enabling highly stable electrophysiological signals recording. The applicability of adhesive LIG-SF electrodes to acquire electrocardiogram (ECG) signals was investigated. ECG signals recordings of adhesive LIG-SF electrodes showed excellent performance compared to conventional Ag/AgCl electrodes at intense body movements while running at different speeds for up to 9 km over a duration of 24 h. Therefore, our proposed adhesive LIG-SF electrodes can be applied for long-term personalized healthcare monitoring and sports management applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tamer Mosaad Ragab
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University 63514 Fayoum Egypt
| | - Naglaa E R Ismael
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Fayoum University 63514 Fayoum Egypt
| | - Ahmed S G Khalil
- Physics Department, Environmental and Smart Technology Group, Faculty of Science, Fayoum University 63514 Fayoum Egypt
- Institute of Basic and Applied Sciences, Faculty of Engineering, Egypt-Japan University of Science and Technology (E-JUST) 179 New Borg El-Arab City Egypt
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5
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Yu S, Park TH, Jiang W, Lee SW, Kim EH, Lee S, Park JE, Park C. Soft Human-Machine Interface Sensing Displays: Materials and Devices. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2204964. [PMID: 36095261 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202204964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The development of human-interactive sensing displays (HISDs) that simultaneously detect and visualize stimuli is important for numerous cutting-edge human-machine interface technologies. Therefore, innovative device platforms with optimized architectures of HISDs combined with novel high-performance sensing and display materials are demonstrated. This study comprehensively reviews the recent advances in HISDs, particularly the device architectures that enable scaling-down and simplifying the HISD, as well as material designs capable of directly visualizing input information received by various sensors. Various HISD platforms for integrating sensors and displays are described. HISDs consist of a sensor and display connected through a microprocessor, and attempts to assemble the two devices by eliminating the microprocessor are detailed. Single-device HISD technologies are highlighted in which input stimuli acquired by sensory components are directly visualized with various optical components, such as electroluminescence, mechanoluminescence and structural color. The review forecasts future HISD technologies that demand the development of materials with molecular-level synthetic precision that enables simultaneous sensing and visualization. Furthermore, emerging HISDs combined with artificial intelligence technologies and those enabling simultaneous detection and visualization of extrasensory information are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seunggun Yu
- Insulation Materials Research Center, Korea Electrotechnology Research Institute (KERI), Jeongiui-gil 12, Seongsan-gu, Changwon, 51543, Republic of Korea
- Electro-functional Materials Engineering, University of Science and Technology (UST), Jeongiui-gil 12, Seongsan-gu, Changwon, 51543, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Hyun Park
- KIURI Institute, Yonsei University, Yonsei-ro 50, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Wei Jiang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Yonsei-ro 50, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Won Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Yonsei-ro 50, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Eui Hyuk Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Yonsei-ro 50, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Seokyeong Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Yonsei-ro 50, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Eun Park
- LOTTE Chemical, Gosan-ro 56, Uiwang-si, Gyeonggi-do, 16073, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheolmin Park
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Yonsei-ro 50, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Spin Convergence Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
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Sanchez-Pinto LN, Bhavani SV, Atreya MR, Sinha P. Leveraging Data Science and Novel Technologies to Develop and Implement Precision Medicine Strategies in Critical Care. Crit Care Clin 2023; 39:627-646. [PMID: 37704331 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccc.2023.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
Precision medicine aims to identify treatments that are most likely to result in favorable outcomes for subgroups of patients with similar clinical and biological characteristics. The gaps for the development and implementation of precision medicine strategies in the critical care setting are many, but the advent of data science and multi-omics approaches, combined with the rich data ecosystem in the intensive care unit, offer unprecedented opportunities to realize the promise of precision critical care. In this article, the authors review the data-driven and technology-based approaches being leveraged to discover and implement precision medicine strategies in the critical care setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lazaro N Sanchez-Pinto
- Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA; Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | | | - Mihir R Atreya
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Pratik Sinha
- Division of Clinical and Translational Research, Department of Anesthesia, Washington University School of Medicine, 1 Barnes Jewish Hospital Plaza, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Division of Critical Care, Department of Anesthesia, Washington University School of Medicine, 1 Barnes Jewish Hospital Plaza, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
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7
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Yao Y, Huang W, Chen J, Liu X, Bai L, Chen W, Cheng Y, Ping J, Marks TJ, Facchetti A. Flexible and Stretchable Organic Electrochemical Transistors for Physiological Sensing Devices. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2209906. [PMID: 36808773 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202209906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Flexible and stretchable bioelectronics provides a biocompatible interface between electronics and biological systems and has received tremendous attention for in situ monitoring of various biological systems. Considerable progress in organic electronics has made organic semiconductors, as well as other organic electronic materials, ideal candidates for developing wearable, implantable, and biocompatible electronic circuits due to their potential mechanical compliance and biocompatibility. Organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs), as an emerging class of organic electronic building blocks, exhibit significant advantages in biological sensing due to the ionic nature at the basis of the switching behavior, low driving voltage (<1 V), and high transconductance (in millisiemens range). During the past few years, significant progress in constructing flexible/stretchable OECTs (FSOECTs) for both biochemical and bioelectrical sensors has been reported. In this regard, to summarize major research accomplishments in this emerging field, this review first discusses structure and critical features of FSOECTs, including working principles, materials, and architectural engineering. Next, a wide spectrum of relevant physiological sensing applications, where FSOECTs are the key components, are summarized. Last, major challenges and opportunities for further advancing FSOECT physiological sensors are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Yao
- School of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, P. R. China
- Innovation Platform of Micro/Nano Technology for Biosensing, ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Hangzhou, 311200, P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry and the Materials Research Center, Northwestern University, Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Chemistry and the Materials Research Center, Northwestern University, Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
- School of Automation Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu, Sichuan, 611731, P. R. China
| | - Jianhua Chen
- Department of Chemistry and the Materials Research Center, Northwestern University, Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Xiaoxue Liu
- School of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, P. R. China
- Innovation Platform of Micro/Nano Technology for Biosensing, ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Hangzhou, 311200, P. R. China
| | - Libing Bai
- School of Automation Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu, Sichuan, 611731, P. R. China
| | - Wei Chen
- School of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, P. R. China
| | - Yuhua Cheng
- School of Automation Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu, Sichuan, 611731, P. R. China
| | - Jianfeng Ping
- School of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, P. R. China
- Innovation Platform of Micro/Nano Technology for Biosensing, ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Hangzhou, 311200, P. R. China
| | - Tobin J Marks
- Department of Chemistry and the Materials Research Center, Northwestern University, Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Antonio Facchetti
- Department of Chemistry and the Materials Research Center, Northwestern University, Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, Norrköping, 60174, Sweden
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Mohamed MA, Abd El-Rahman MK, Mousavi MPS. Electrospun nanofibers: promising nanomaterials for biomedical applications. ELECTROCHEMISTRY 2023:225-260. [DOI: 10.1039/bk9781839169366-00225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
With the rapid development of nanotechnology and nanomaterials science, electrospun nanofibers emerged as a new material with great potential for a variety of applications. Electrospinning is a simple and adaptable process for generation of nanofibers from a viscoelastic fluid using electrostatic repulsion between surface charges. Electrospinning has been used to manufacture nanofibers with low diameters from a wide range of materials. Electrospinning may also be used to construct nanofibers with a variety of secondary structures, including those having a porous, hollow, or core–sheath structure. Due to many attributes including their large specific surface area and high porosity, electrospun nanofibers are suitable for biosensing and environmental monitoring. This book chapter discusses the different methods of nanofiber preparations and the challenges involved, recent research progress in electrospun nanofibers, and the ways to commercialize these nanofiber materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona A. Mohamed
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Egyptian Drug Authority Giza Egypt
- Biomedical Engineering University of Southern California Los Angeles USA
| | - Mohamed K. Abd El-Rahman
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy Cairo University, Kasr-El Aini Street Cairo 11562 Egypt
| | - Maral P. S. Mousavi
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy Cairo University, Kasr-El Aini Street Cairo 11562 Egypt
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Zeng X, Xu L, Xia X, Bai X, Zhong C, Fan J, Ren L, Sun R, Zeng X. The Synergy of Hydrogen Bond and Entanglement of Elastomer Captures Unprecedented Flaw Insensitivity Rate. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2207409. [PMID: 36683211 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202207409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Elastomers are regarded as one of the best candidates for the matrix material of soft electronics, yet they are susceptible to fracture due to the inevitable flaws generated during applications. Introducing microstructures, sacrificial bonds, and sliding cross-linking has been recognized as an effective way to improve the flaw insensitivity rate (Rinsen ). However, these elastomers still prone to failure under tensile loads with the presence of even small flaws. Here, this work reports a polybutadiene elastomer with unprecedented Rinsen via the synergy of hydrogen bond and entanglement. The resulting polybutadiene elastomer exhibits a Rinsen ≈1.075, which is much higher than those of reported elastomers. By molecular chain interaction and molecular chain conformation analysis, this work demonstrates that the synergistic effect of hydrogen bond dissociation and entanglement slip in the polybutadiene elastomers during stretching leads to the high Rinsen . Using polybutadiene elastomer as matrix of thermal interface materials, this work demonstrates effective heat transfer for strain sensor and electronic devices. In addition, cytocompatibility of the elastomers is verified by cell proliferation and live/dead viability assays. The combination of outstanding biocompatible and excellent mechanical properties of the elastomers creates new opportunities for their applications in electronic skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangliang Zeng
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Lushan South Road, Yuelu District, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Lu Xu
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, International Cancer Center, Shenzhen Key Laboratory, Hematology Institution of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Xueyuan AVE 1098, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Xinnian Xia
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Lushan South Road, Yuelu District, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Xue Bai
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Electronic Materials, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Cheng Zhong
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Electronic Materials, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Jianfeng Fan
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Electronic Materials, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Linlin Ren
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Electronic Materials, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Rong Sun
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Electronic Materials, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Xiaoliang Zeng
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Electronic Materials, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
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10
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Dong P, Song Y, Yu S, Zhang Z, Mallipattu SK, Djurić PM, Yao S. Electromyogram-Based Lip-Reading via Unobtrusive Dry Electrodes and Machine Learning Methods. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2205058. [PMID: 36703524 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202205058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Lip-reading provides an effective speech communication interface for people with voice disorders and for intuitive human-machine interactions. Existing systems are generally challenged by bulkiness, obtrusiveness, and poor robustness against environmental interferences. The lack of a truly natural and unobtrusive system for converting lip movements to speech precludes the continuous use and wide-scale deployment of such devices. Here, the design of a hardware-software architecture to capture, analyze, and interpret lip movements associated with either normal or silent speech is presented. The system can recognize different and similar visemes. It is robust in a noisy or dark environment. Self-adhesive, skin-conformable, and semi-transparent dry electrodes are developed to track high-fidelity speech-relevant electromyogram signals without impeding daily activities. The resulting skin-like sensors can form seamless contact with the curvilinear and dynamic surfaces of the skin, which is crucial for a high signal-to-noise ratio and minimal interference. Machine learning algorithms are employed to decode electromyogram signals and convert them to spoken words. Finally, the applications of the developed lip-reading system in augmented reality and medical service are demonstrated, which illustrate the great potential in immersive interaction and healthcare applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Penghao Dong
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA
| | - Yuanqing Song
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA
| | - Shangyouqiao Yu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA
| | - Zimeng Zhang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA
| | - Sandeep K Mallipattu
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA
- Renal Section, Northport VA Medical Center, Northport, NY, 11768, USA
| | - Petar M Djurić
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA
| | - Shanshan Yao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA
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Ismail SNA, Nayan NA, Mohammad Haniff MAS, Jaafar R, May Z. Wearable Two-Dimensional Nanomaterial-Based Flexible Sensors for Blood Pressure Monitoring: A Review. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:852. [PMID: 36903730 PMCID: PMC10005058 DOI: 10.3390/nano13050852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Flexible sensors have been extensively employed in wearable technologies for physiological monitoring given the technological advancement in recent years. Conventional sensors made of silicon or glass substrates may be limited by their rigid structures, bulkiness, and incapability for continuous monitoring of vital signs, such as blood pressure (BP). Two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials have received considerable attention in the fabrication of flexible sensors due to their large surface-area-to-volume ratio, high electrical conductivity, cost effectiveness, flexibility, and light weight. This review discusses the transduction mechanisms, namely, piezoelectric, capacitive, piezoresistive, and triboelectric, of flexible sensors. Several 2D nanomaterials used as sensing elements for flexible BP sensors are reviewed in terms of their mechanisms, materials, and sensing performance. Previous works on wearable BP sensors are presented, including epidermal patches, electronic tattoos, and commercialized BP patches. Finally, the challenges and future outlook of this emerging technology are addressed for non-invasive and continuous BP monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siti Nor Ashikin Ismail
- Department of Electrical, Electronic and Systems Engineering, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600 UKM, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nazrul Anuar Nayan
- Department of Electrical, Electronic and Systems Engineering, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600 UKM, Selangor, Malaysia
- Institute Islam Hadhari, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600 UKM, Selangor, Malaysia
| | | | - Rosmina Jaafar
- Department of Electrical, Electronic and Systems Engineering, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600 UKM, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Zazilah May
- Electrical and Electronic Engineering Department, Universiti Teknologi Petronas, Seri Iskandar 32610, Perak, Malaysia
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Deng Z, Guo L, Chen X, Wu W. Smart Wearable Systems for Health Monitoring. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:s23052479. [PMID: 36904682 PMCID: PMC10007426 DOI: 10.3390/s23052479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Smart wearable systems for health monitoring are highly desired in personal wisdom medicine and telemedicine. These systems make the detecting, monitoring, and recording of biosignals portable, long-term, and comfortable. The development and optimization of wearable health-monitoring systems have focused on advanced materials and system integration, and the number of high-performance wearable systems has been gradually increasing in recent years. However, there are still many challenges in these fields, such as balancing the trade-off between flexibility/stretchability, sensing performance, and the robustness of systems. For this reason, more evolution is required to promote the development of wearable health-monitoring systems. In this regard, this review summarizes some representative achievements and recent progress of wearable systems for health monitoring. Meanwhile, a strategy overview is presented about selecting materials, integrating systems, and monitoring biosignals. The next generation of wearable systems for accurate, portable, continuous, and long-term health monitoring will offer more opportunities for disease diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyong Deng
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Nuclear Power Institute of China, Huayang, Shuangliu District, Chengdu 610213, China
| | - Lihao Guo
- School of Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Interdisciplinary Research Center of Smart Sensors, Xidian University, Xi’an 710126, China
| | - Ximeng Chen
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Weiwei Wu
- School of Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Interdisciplinary Research Center of Smart Sensors, Xidian University, Xi’an 710126, China
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Chung CK, Huang YJ, Wang TK, Lo YL. Fiber-Based Triboelectric Nanogenerator for Mechanical Energy Harvesting and Its Application to a Human-Machine Interface. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 22:s22249632. [PMID: 36560001 PMCID: PMC9783752 DOI: 10.3390/s22249632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Mechanical energy harvesters including piezoelectric nanogenerators, electromagnetic generators and triboelectric nanogenerators (TENG) used to convert the mechanical motion into electricity are more and more important in the recent decades. Specifically, the fiber-based TENG (FTENG) has gained considerable favors due to its flexibility, light weight, and high environmental tolerance for the wearable devices. The traditional FTENGs made of Teflon result in better performance but are not suitable for long-term wear in person. Here, we propose a novel FTENG using a flexible micro-needle-structured polydimethylsiloxane (MN-PDMS) together with the comfortable commercially available 2D-polyester fibers, and electroless nickel-plated cotton cloth of which two are widely used in human daily life. The MN-PDMS is formed by a laser engraved mold for improving its output performance of FTENG compared to the flat-PDMS. The open-circuit voltage (Voc) and the short-circuit current (Isc) of MN-FTENG increased to 73.6 V and 36 μA, respectively, which are 34% and 37% higher than the flat-FTENG. In terms of power, the performance of MN-FTENG reaches 1.296 mW which is 89% higher than that of flat-TENG and it can also light up 90 LEDs. For application, human motion at the joints can be detected and collected with various signals that are used for the human-machine interface (HMI) through the cooperation of components for the Internet of Things (IoT). It can light up the LED bulb through MN-FTENG to potentially develop IoT HMI systems for human motion control of robot in the future.
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Trovato V, Sfameni S, Rando G, Rosace G, Libertino S, Ferri A, Plutino MR. A Review of Stimuli-Responsive Smart Materials for Wearable Technology in Healthcare: Retrospective, Perspective, and Prospective. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27175709. [PMID: 36080476 PMCID: PMC9457686 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27175709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In recent years thanks to the Internet of Things (IoT), the demand for the development of miniaturized and wearable sensors has skyrocketed. Among them, novel sensors for wearable medical devices are mostly needed. The aim of this review is to summarize the advancements in this field from current points of view, focusing on sensors embedded into textile fabrics. Indeed, they are portable, lightweight, and the best candidates for monitoring biometric parameters. The possibility of integrating chemical sensors into textiles has opened new markets in smart clothing. Many examples of these systems are represented by color-changing materials due to their capability of altering optical properties, including absorption, reflectance, and scattering, in response to different external stimuli (temperature, humidity, pH, or chemicals). With the goal of smart health monitoring, nanosized sol-gel precursors, bringing coupling agents into their chemical structure, were used to modify halochromic dyestuffs, both minimizing leaching from the treated surfaces and increasing photostability for the development of stimuli-responsive sensors. The literature about the sensing properties of functionalized halochromic azo dyestuffs applied to textile fabrics is reviewed to understand their potential for achieving remote monitoring of health parameters. Finally, challenges and future perspectives are discussed to envisage the developed strategies for the next generation of functionalized halochromic dyestuffs with biocompatible and real-time stimuli-responsive capabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Trovato
- Department of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Bergamo, Viale Marconi 5, 24044 Dalmine, Italy
| | - Silvia Sfameni
- Department of Engineering, University of Messina, Contrada di Dio, S. Agata, 98166 Messina, Italy
- Institute for the Study of Nanostructured Materials, ISMN–CNR, Palermo, c/o Department of ChiBioFarAm, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d’Alcontres 31, Vill. S. Agata, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Giulia Rando
- Institute for the Study of Nanostructured Materials, ISMN–CNR, Palermo, c/o Department of ChiBioFarAm, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d’Alcontres 31, Vill. S. Agata, 98166 Messina, Italy
- Department of ChiBioFarAm, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d’Alcontres 31, Vill. S. Agata, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Rosace
- Department of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Bergamo, Viale Marconi 5, 24044 Dalmine, Italy
- Correspondence: (G.R.); (S.L.); (A.F.); (M.R.P.)
| | - Sebania Libertino
- Institute of Microelectronics and MicrosystemsCNR–IMM, Ottava Strada 5, 95121 Catania, Italy
- Correspondence: (G.R.); (S.L.); (A.F.); (M.R.P.)
| | - Ada Ferri
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico Di Torino, Corso Duca Degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy
- Correspondence: (G.R.); (S.L.); (A.F.); (M.R.P.)
| | - Maria Rosaria Plutino
- Institute for the Study of Nanostructured Materials, ISMN–CNR, Palermo, c/o Department of ChiBioFarAm, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d’Alcontres 31, Vill. S. Agata, 98166 Messina, Italy
- Correspondence: (G.R.); (S.L.); (A.F.); (M.R.P.)
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Tang Y, Zhong L, Wang W, He Y, Han T, Xu L, Mo X, Liu Z, Ma Y, Bao Y, Gan S, Niu L. Recent Advances in Wearable Potentiometric pH Sensors. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:membranes12050504. [PMID: 35629830 PMCID: PMC9147059 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12050504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Wearable sensors reflect the real–time physiological information and health status of individuals by continuously monitoring biochemical markers in biological fluids, including sweat, tears and saliva, and are a key technology to realize portable personalized medicine. Flexible electrochemical pH sensors can play a significant role in health since the pH level affects most biochemical reactions in the human body. pH indicators can be used for the diagnosis and treatment of diseases as well as the monitoring of biological processes. The performances and applications of wearable pH sensors depend significantly on the properties of the pH–sensitive materials used. At present, existing pH–sensitive materials are mainly based on polyaniline (PANI), hydrogen ionophores (HIs) and metal oxides (MOx). In this review, we will discuss the recent progress in wearable pH sensors based on these sensitive materials. Finally, a viewpoint for state–of–the–art wearable pH sensors and a discussion of their existing challenges are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yitian Tang
- School of Civil Engineering, c/o Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Sensing Materials & Devices, Center for Advanced Analytical Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (Y.T.); (W.W.); (Y.H.); (T.H.); (L.X.); (X.M.); (Z.L.); (Y.M.); (Y.B.); (S.G.)
| | - Lijie Zhong
- School of Civil Engineering, c/o Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Sensing Materials & Devices, Center for Advanced Analytical Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (Y.T.); (W.W.); (Y.H.); (T.H.); (L.X.); (X.M.); (Z.L.); (Y.M.); (Y.B.); (S.G.)
- Correspondence: (L.Z.); (L.N.)
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Civil Engineering, c/o Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Sensing Materials & Devices, Center for Advanced Analytical Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (Y.T.); (W.W.); (Y.H.); (T.H.); (L.X.); (X.M.); (Z.L.); (Y.M.); (Y.B.); (S.G.)
| | - Ying He
- School of Civil Engineering, c/o Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Sensing Materials & Devices, Center for Advanced Analytical Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (Y.T.); (W.W.); (Y.H.); (T.H.); (L.X.); (X.M.); (Z.L.); (Y.M.); (Y.B.); (S.G.)
| | - Tingting Han
- School of Civil Engineering, c/o Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Sensing Materials & Devices, Center for Advanced Analytical Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (Y.T.); (W.W.); (Y.H.); (T.H.); (L.X.); (X.M.); (Z.L.); (Y.M.); (Y.B.); (S.G.)
| | - Longbin Xu
- School of Civil Engineering, c/o Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Sensing Materials & Devices, Center for Advanced Analytical Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (Y.T.); (W.W.); (Y.H.); (T.H.); (L.X.); (X.M.); (Z.L.); (Y.M.); (Y.B.); (S.G.)
| | - Xiaocheng Mo
- School of Civil Engineering, c/o Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Sensing Materials & Devices, Center for Advanced Analytical Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (Y.T.); (W.W.); (Y.H.); (T.H.); (L.X.); (X.M.); (Z.L.); (Y.M.); (Y.B.); (S.G.)
| | - Zhenbang Liu
- School of Civil Engineering, c/o Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Sensing Materials & Devices, Center for Advanced Analytical Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (Y.T.); (W.W.); (Y.H.); (T.H.); (L.X.); (X.M.); (Z.L.); (Y.M.); (Y.B.); (S.G.)
- School of Computer Science and Cyber Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yingming Ma
- School of Civil Engineering, c/o Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Sensing Materials & Devices, Center for Advanced Analytical Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (Y.T.); (W.W.); (Y.H.); (T.H.); (L.X.); (X.M.); (Z.L.); (Y.M.); (Y.B.); (S.G.)
| | - Yu Bao
- School of Civil Engineering, c/o Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Sensing Materials & Devices, Center for Advanced Analytical Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (Y.T.); (W.W.); (Y.H.); (T.H.); (L.X.); (X.M.); (Z.L.); (Y.M.); (Y.B.); (S.G.)
| | - Shiyu Gan
- School of Civil Engineering, c/o Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Sensing Materials & Devices, Center for Advanced Analytical Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (Y.T.); (W.W.); (Y.H.); (T.H.); (L.X.); (X.M.); (Z.L.); (Y.M.); (Y.B.); (S.G.)
| | - Li Niu
- School of Civil Engineering, c/o Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Sensing Materials & Devices, Center for Advanced Analytical Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (Y.T.); (W.W.); (Y.H.); (T.H.); (L.X.); (X.M.); (Z.L.); (Y.M.); (Y.B.); (S.G.)
- Correspondence: (L.Z.); (L.N.)
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Antecedents for Older Adults' Intention to Use Smart Health Wearable Devices-Technology Anxiety as a Moderator. Behav Sci (Basel) 2022; 12:bs12040114. [PMID: 35447686 PMCID: PMC9028451 DOI: 10.3390/bs12040114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The increase in the demands for surveillance of chronic diseases, long-term care, and self-health management has allowed mobile smart health wearable devices to become products with greater business potential in past years. Wearable devices being able to be worn for long periods are the most suitable for 24-h weatherproof monitoring. Nevertheless, most technological products are not developed specifically for older adults. Older adults might be apprehensive and fearful about the use of technological equipment and might appear “technologically anxious”, so it was wondered whether older adults could smoothly operate and comfortably use smart wearable device products, and how “technological anxiety” would affect their behavior and attitude towards using these devices. The variables of “technology readiness”, “technological interactivity”, “perceived usefulness”, “perceived ease of use”, “attitude”, and “intention to use” are therefore discussed in this study. Taking “technological anxiety” as the moderating variable to develop the questionnaire scale, the quantitative research with structural equation model is applied to discuss the older adults’ intention to use smart health wearable devices. The questionnaire was distributed to older adults’ community care centers, senior centers, and senior learning centers in Taiwan, and to an older adults’ group above the age of 60 with experience in using smart bracelets. A total of 200 questionnaires were distributed, and 183 were retrieved, with 166 valid copies. The research results reveal that users with higher technology readiness, and older adult users with higher technological interactivity, present a higher perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness. Technological anxiety would affect users’ attitude and further influence the intention to use. The research results could help understand older adults’ needs for using smart health wearable devices.
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Li Y, Cui Y, Zhang M, Li X, Li R, Si W, Sun Q, Yu L, Huang C. Ultrasensitive Pressure Sensor Sponge Using Liquid Metal Modulated Nitrogen-Doped Graphene Nanosheets. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:2817-2825. [PMID: 35333055 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c04976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Wearable pressure sensors are crucial for real-time monitoring of human activities and biomimetic robot status. Here, the ultrasensitive pressure sensor sponge is prepared by a facile method, realizing ultrasensitive pressure sensing for wearable health monitoring. Since the liquid metal in the sponge-skeleton structure under pressure is conducive to adjust the contact area with nitrogen-doped graphene nanosheets and thus facilitates the charge transfer at the interface, such sensors exhibit a fast response and recovery speed with the response/recovery time 0.41/0.12 s and a comprehensive response range with a sensitivity of up to 476 KPa-1. Notably, the liquid metal-based spongy pressure sensor can accurately monitor the human body's pulse, the pressure on the skin, throat swallowing, and other activities in real time, demonstrating a broad application prospect. Those results provide a convenient and low-cost way to fabricate easily perceptible pressure sensors, expanded the application potential of liquid metal-based composites for future electronic skin development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Organic Solids Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yanguang Cui
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, P.R. of China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Mingjia Zhang
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, P.R. of China
- College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266100, P.R. China
| | - Xiaodong Li
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, P.R. of China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ru Li
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, P.R. of China
| | - Wenyan Si
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, P.R. of China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Quanhu Sun
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, P.R. of China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lingmin Yu
- School of Material and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an 710021, P.R. of China
| | - Changshui Huang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Organic Solids Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, P.R. of China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Chen W, Wang Z, Wang L, Chen X. Smart Chemical Engineering-Based Lightweight and Miniaturized Attachable Systems for Advanced Drug Delivery and Diagnostics. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2106701. [PMID: 34643302 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202106701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Smart attachable systems have attracted much attention owing to their capabilities in terms of body performance evaluation, disease diagnostics, and drug delivery. Recent advances in chemical and engineering techniques provide many opportunities to improve device fabrication and applications owing to the advantages of being lightweight and easy to control as well as their battery absence and functional diversity. This review highlights the latest developments in the field of chemical engineering-based lightweight and miniaturized attachable systems, which are mainly inspired by the natural world. Their applications for real-time monitoring, point-of-care sampling, biomarker detection, and controlled release are discussed thoroughly with respect to specific products/prototypes. The perspectives of the field, including persistence guarantee, burden reduction, and personality improvement, are also discussed. It is believed that chemical engineering-based lightweight and miniaturized attachable systems have good potential in both clinical and industrial fields, indicating a large potential to improve human lives in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Pharmacodynamic Evaluation, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Research Center for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Union Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Research Center for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Union Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Union Hospital, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Chen
- Departments of Diagnostic Radiology and Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117597, Singapore
- Departments of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117597, Singapore
- Clinical Imaging Research Centre, Centre for Translational Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117597, Singapore
- Nanomedicine Translational Research Program, NUS Center for Nanomedicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117597, Singapore
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Impact of Actual Use Behavior of Healthcare Wearable Devices on the Quality of Life: A Cross-Sectional Survey of People with Dementia and Their Caregivers in Ghana. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10020275. [PMID: 35206890 PMCID: PMC8872618 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10020275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing prevalence of dementia has necessitated the introduction and use of healthcare wearable devices to augment the healthcare services delivered to people with dementia (PWDs). Unfortunately, evidence on user feedback and the real impact of the actual use of these devices on the quality of life of PWDs has not been fully explored, especially in the context of developing countries. This study, therefore, seeks to evaluate the impact of actual use behavior (AUB) of healthcare wearable devices on the quality of life (QoL) of PWDs in Ghana by using constructs from the extended Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT2) model and the SF-36 quality of life instrument. Data were collected from people with dementia and, in some cases, caregivers (acting as proxies) in three administrative regions of Ghana using structured questionnaires. Of the 420 questionnaires distributed, 356 were returned, giving a response rate of (356/420, 84.8%). Three hundred and twenty (320) responses were used for further analysis, employing the Partial Least Squares based on Structural Equation Modeling. The results showed a significant positive relationship between AUB and QoL (p < 0.001). Other predictors such as behavioral intention, facilitating conditions, effort expectancy and social influence were also found to significantly impact the actual use behavior of healthcare wearable devices among PWDs. The study also revealed that 4% (14) of patients rated their reported health transition associated with the use of healthcare wearable devices as excellent, 42.5% (136) as very good, and 39.4% (126) as good, respectively at the time of the study compared to a year ago. This study provided empirical evidence of the positive impact of the actual use of healthcare wearable devices on the quality of life of PWDs and further highlighted the factors that drive actual use behavior among PWDs in Ghana. Based on the findings of this study, stakeholders need to create the necessary conditions that will facilitate the adoption and use of healthcare wearable devices, as this will help improve the quality of life, reduce the burden of the disease on caregivers, and enable independent living of PWDs.
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Choi SH, Lee JS, Choi WJ, Seo JW, Choi SJ. Nanomaterials for IoT Sensing Platforms and Point-of-Care Applications in South Korea. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 22:610. [PMID: 35062576 PMCID: PMC8781063 DOI: 10.3390/s22020610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Herein, state-of-the-art research advances in South Korea regarding the development of chemical sensing materials and fully integrated Internet of Things (IoT) sensing platforms were comprehensively reviewed for verifying the applicability of such sensing systems in point-of-care testing (POCT). Various organic/inorganic nanomaterials were synthesized and characterized to understand their fundamental chemical sensing mechanisms upon exposure to target analytes. Moreover, the applicability of nanomaterials integrated with IoT-based signal transducers for the real-time and on-site analysis of chemical species was verified. In this review, we focused on the development of noble nanostructures and signal transduction techniques for use in IoT sensing platforms, and based on their applications, such systems were classified into gas sensors, ion sensors, and biosensors. A future perspective for the development of chemical sensors was discussed for application to next-generation POCT systems that facilitate rapid and multiplexed screening of various analytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Ho Choi
- Division of Materials of Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Korea; (S.-H.C.); (J.-S.L.); (W.-J.C.); (J.-W.S.)
| | - Joon-Seok Lee
- Division of Materials of Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Korea; (S.-H.C.); (J.-S.L.); (W.-J.C.); (J.-W.S.)
| | - Won-Jun Choi
- Division of Materials of Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Korea; (S.-H.C.); (J.-S.L.); (W.-J.C.); (J.-W.S.)
| | - Jae-Woo Seo
- Division of Materials of Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Korea; (S.-H.C.); (J.-S.L.); (W.-J.C.); (J.-W.S.)
| | - Seon-Jin Choi
- Division of Materials of Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Korea; (S.-H.C.); (J.-S.L.); (W.-J.C.); (J.-W.S.)
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Korea
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21
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Zhang X, Xia Y, Liu Y, Mugo SM, Zhang Q. Integrated Wearable Sensors for Sensing Physiological Pressure Signals and β-Hydroxybutyrate in Physiological Fluids. Anal Chem 2021; 94:993-1002. [PMID: 34958203 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c03884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Flexible and wearable sensors have attracted much attention for their applications in health monitoring and the human-machine interaction. The most studied wearable sensors have been demonstrated for sensing a limited range of metabolites such as ions, glucose, uric acid, lactate, etc. Both sweat and urine contain numerous other physiologically relevant metabolites indicative of health and wellness. This work demonstrates the use of the wearable sensor for the detection of β-hydroxybutyrate (HB) in sweat. HB is an important biomarker for diabetic ketoacidosis, a condition caused by the accumulation of ketone bodies in hyperglycemia or metabolic acidosis patients. Herein, we fabricated an integrated sensing system coupling an HB detection chamber with a serpentine electrode for sensing physiological signals such as pulse beat, vocal cord vibration, etc. The real-time HB detection was based on a β-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase enzymatic reaction. The stability of the enzyme and the cofactor couple was achieved by cross-linking networks and a redox mediator, thereby achieving high selectivity and low detection limits to HB in urine and sweat. The dual-functional sensor was integrated with a signal processing circuitry for signal transduction, conditioning, processing, wireless transmission, and real-time convenient health monitoring display to a smartphone via home-developed software.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xieli Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, P. R. China.,School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
| | - Yong Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, P. R. China.,School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
| | - Yang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, P. R. China
| | - Samuel M Mugo
- Physical Science Department, MacEwan University, Edmonton, Alberta T5J 4S2, Canada
| | - Qiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, P. R. China.,School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
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22
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Zheng Y, Omar R, Hu Z, Duong T, Wang J, Haick H. Bioinspired Triboelectric Nanosensors for Self-Powered Wearable Applications. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2021; 9:2087-2102. [PMID: 34961316 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.1c01106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The sustainable operation of wearable sensors plays an important role in continuous and longtime health monitoring. Conventional batteries, which are bulky and rigid, do not satisfy these requirements and, rather, cause additional economic burdens and environmental problems by regular replacement of power sources. This article provides a review on an alternative solution in the form of self-powered devices that can harvest energy from the surrounding environment to support the operation of the wearable sensor. The Review starts with an introduction of the self-powered triboelectric nanosensors (TENSs) and its two independent modules: the energy harvester and the sensing module. The Review continues with the TENS-related bioinspired designs for wearable applications, while providing a bird's-eye view of their characteristics and applications. The ongoing challenges and prospects for providing personal healthcare with self-powered TENS are presented and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youbin Zheng
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Rawan Omar
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Zhipeng Hu
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Tuan Duong
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Hossam Haick
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel.,School of Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Interdisciplinary Research Center of Smart Sensors, Xidian University, Xi'an 710126, P. R. China
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23
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Deng X, Li Z, Liu H, Zhao Y, Zheng L, Shi X, Wang L, Fang X, Zheng H. Dramatic Responsivity Enhancement Through Concentrated H 2 SO 4 Treatment on PEDOT:PSS/TiO 2 Heterojunction Fibrous Photodetectors. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2101674. [PMID: 34342118 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202101674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In order to satisfy the growing requirements of wearable electronic devices, 1D fiber-shaped devices with outstanding sensitivity, flexibility, and stability are urgently needed. In this study, a novel inorganic-organic heterojunction fibrous photodetector (FPD) based on poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) and highly ordered TiO2 nanotube array is fabricated, which endows a high responsivity, large external quantum efficiency, and fast response speed at 3 V bias. To further ameliorate its performance in the self-powered mode, a facile acid treatment is adopted and the assembled H-PEDOT:PSS/TiO2 FPD demonstrates outstanding self-powered properties with ≈3000% responsivity enhancement (161 mA W-1 at 0 V under 365 nm irradiation, photocurrent enhancement of ≈50 times) compared with the untreated device. It is found that the concentrated H2 SO4 post-treatment helps decrease the tube wall thickness of TiO2 and partially removes the insulated PSS component in PEDOT:PSS, leading to enhanced conductivity and facilitated charge transportation, and thereby superb responsivity/photocurrent enhancement of self-powered H-PEDOT:PSS/TiO2 FPD. This low-cost and high-performance self-powered FPD shows high potential for applications in wearable electronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolei Deng
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, P. R. China
| | - Ziliang Li
- Department of Materials Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Hui Liu
- Department of Materials Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Yijian Zhao
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, P. R. China
| | - Lingxia Zheng
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry Synthesis Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, P. R. China
| | - Xiaowei Shi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry Synthesis Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, P. R. China
| | - Liang Wang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry Synthesis Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, P. R. China
| | - Xiaosheng Fang
- Department of Materials Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Huajun Zheng
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry Synthesis Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, P. R. China
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24
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Jo YK, Jeong SY, Moon YK, Jo YM, Yoon JW, Lee JH. Exclusive and ultrasensitive detection of formaldehyde at room temperature using a flexible and monolithic chemiresistive sensor. Nat Commun 2021; 12:4955. [PMID: 34400624 PMCID: PMC8368006 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-25290-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Formaldehyde, a probable carcinogen, is a ubiquitous indoor pollutant, but its highly selective detection has been a long-standing challenge. Herein, a chemiresistive sensor that can detect ppb-level formaldehyde in an exclusive manner at room temperature is designed. The TiO2 sensor exhibits under UV illumination highly selective detection of formaldehyde and ethanol with negligible cross-responses to other indoor pollutants. The coating of a mixed matrix membrane (MMM) composed of zeolitic imidazole framework (ZIF-7) nanoparticles and polymers on TiO2 sensing films removed ethanol interference completely by molecular sieving, enabling an ultrahigh selectivity (response ratio > 50) and response (resistance ratio > 1,100) to 5 ppm formaldehyde at room temperature. Furthermore, a monolithic and flexible sensor is fabricated successfully using a TiO2 film sandwiched between a flexible polyethylene terephthalate substrate and MMM overlayer. Our work provides a strategy to achieve exclusive selectivity and high response to formaldehyde, demonstrating the promising potential of flexible gas sensors for indoor air monitoring. Formaldehyde, a probable carcinogen, is a ubiquitous indoor pollutant, but its ultraselective detection has been a long-standing challenge. Here, the authors develop a chemiresistive sensor that can detect ppb-level formaldehyde in an exclusive manner at room temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Kun Jo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Yong Jeong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Kook Moon
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Moo Jo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Wook Yoon
- Department of Information Materials Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Heun Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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25
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Tharmatt A, Malhotra D, Sharma H, Bedi N. Pharmaceutical Perspective in Wearable Drug Delivery Systems. Assay Drug Dev Technol 2021; 19:386-401. [PMID: 34339259 DOI: 10.1089/adt.2021.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Humans have been dealing with health problems for millions of years. Normal health services need well-trained personnel and high-cost diagnostic tests, which forces patients to go to hospitals if medical treatment is required. To address this, prototype testing has been carried out into the wearable drug delivery health care perspectives. Researchers have devised a wide variety of formulations for the treatment of various diseases at home by performing real-time monitoring of different routes of drug administration such as ocular, transdermal, intraoral, intracochlear, and several more. A comprehensive review of the different types of wearable drug delivery systems with respect to their manufacturing, mechanism of action and specifications has been done. In the pharmaceutical context, these devices are technologically well-equipped interfaces for diverse physicochemical signals. Above mentioned information with a broader perspective has also been discussed in this article. Several wearable drug delivery systems have been introduced in the market in recent years. But a lot of testing needs to be conducted to address the numerous obstacles before the wearable devices are successfully launched in the market.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhay Tharmatt
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Danish Malhotra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Hamayal Sharma
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS) Pilani, Pilani, India
| | - Neena Bedi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
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26
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Vishinkin R, Busool R, Mansour E, Fish F, Esmail A, Kumar P, Gharaa A, Cancilla JC, Torrecilla JS, Skenders G, Leja M, Dheda K, Singh S, Haick H. Profiles of Volatile Biomarkers Detect Tuberculosis from Skin. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2021; 8:e2100235. [PMID: 34075714 PMCID: PMC8336503 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202100235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease that threatens >10 million people annually. Despite advances in TB diagnostics, patients continue to receive an insufficient diagnosis as TB symptoms are not specific. Many existing biodiagnostic tests are slow, have low clinical performance, and can be unsuitable for resource-limited settings. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), a rapid, sputum-free, and cost-effective triage test for real-time detection of TB is urgently needed. This article reports on a new diagnostic pathway enabling a noninvasive, fast, and highly accurate way of detecting TB. The approach relies on TB-specific volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that are detected and quantified from the skin headspace. A specifically designed nanomaterial-based sensors array translates these findings into a point-of-care diagnosis by discriminating between active pulmonary TB patients and controls with sensitivity above 90%. This fulfills the WHO's triage test requirements and poses the potential to become a TB triage test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rotem Vishinkin
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Russell Berrie Nanotechnology InstituteTechnion‐Israel Institute of TechnologyHaifa3200003Israel
| | - Rami Busool
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Russell Berrie Nanotechnology InstituteTechnion‐Israel Institute of TechnologyHaifa3200003Israel
| | - Elias Mansour
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Russell Berrie Nanotechnology InstituteTechnion‐Israel Institute of TechnologyHaifa3200003Israel
| | - Falk Fish
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Russell Berrie Nanotechnology InstituteTechnion‐Israel Institute of TechnologyHaifa3200003Israel
| | - Ali Esmail
- Centre for Lung Infection and ImmunityDivision of PulmonologyDepartment of Medicine and UCT Lung Institute & South African MRC/UCT Centre for the Study of Antimicrobial ResistanceUniversity of Cape TownCape Town 7925South Africa
| | - Parveen Kumar
- All India Institute of Medical SciencesNew Delhi110029India
| | - Alaa Gharaa
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Russell Berrie Nanotechnology InstituteTechnion‐Israel Institute of TechnologyHaifa3200003Israel
| | | | - Jose S. Torrecilla
- Department of Chemical and Materials EngineeringComplutense University of MadridMadrid28040Spain
| | - Girts Skenders
- Institute of Clinical and Preventive MedicineUniversity of Latvia and Riga east University HospitalRigaLV1079Latvia
| | - Marcis Leja
- Institute of Clinical and Preventive MedicineUniversity of Latvia and Riga east University HospitalRigaLV1079Latvia
| | - Keertan Dheda
- Centre for Lung Infection and ImmunityDivision of PulmonologyDepartment of Medicine and UCT Lung Institute & South African MRC/UCT Centre for the Study of Antimicrobial ResistanceUniversity of Cape TownCape Town 7925South Africa
- Faculty of Infectious and Tropical DiseasesDepartment of Infection BiologyLondon School of Hygiene and Tropical MedicineLondonWC1E 7HTUK
| | - Sarman Singh
- All India Institute of Medical SciencesNew Delhi110029India
| | - Hossam Haick
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Russell Berrie Nanotechnology InstituteTechnion‐Israel Institute of TechnologyHaifa3200003Israel
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27
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Tang N, Zheng Y, Yuan M, Jin K, Haick H. High-Performance Polyimide-Based Water-Solid Triboelectric Nanogenerator for Hydropower Harvesting. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:32106-32114. [PMID: 34223763 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c06330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Water-solid triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) are insensitive to ambient humidity, providing a wide range of possibilities for designing stable water-energy-based harvesters and self-powered sensors. However, the wide application of most water-solid TENGs has been limited by low triboelectrification performance. To boost the output performance of water-solid TENGs, a newly structured TENG has been developed by adding a polyimide (PI) as a charge storage intermediate layer between the friction layer and the conducting layer, significantly improving the output performance (1.260 mW), with a 5-fold increase compared to the water-solid TENG without the PI intermediate layer (0.234 mW). This analysis shows that adding an intermediate layer with a high density of electron capture sites to the TENG results in more triboelectric charge being retained, thereby improving the electrical performance of TENG. The electrical performance of TENG is related to the thickness of the PI layer, but this is not a positive correlation. Contact angles and falling heights between the droplet and the device also affect the output performance. Finally, the water-solid PI-TENG we have developed has promise in hydropower harvesting capabilities and can be used to power warning signals on a dark and rainy night to ensure the safety of people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Tang
- School of Aerospace Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710126, China
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Youbin Zheng
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Miaomiao Yuan
- The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518033, China
| | - Ke Jin
- School of Aerospace Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710126, China
| | - Hossam Haick
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
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28
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Broza YY, Haick H. Biodiagnostics in an era of global pandemics-From biosensing materials to data management. VIEW 2021; 3:20200164. [PMID: 34766159 PMCID: PMC8441813 DOI: 10.1002/viw.20200164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The novel corona virus SARS‐CoV‐2 (COVID‐19) has exposed the world to challenges never before seen in fast diagnostics, monitoring, and prevention of the outbreak. As a result, different approaches for fast diagnostic and screening are made and yet to find the ideal way. The current mini‐review provides and examines evidence‐based innovative and rapid chemical sensing and related biodiagnostic solutions to deal with infectious disease and related pandemic emergencies, which could offer the best possible care for the general population and improve the approachability of the pandemic information, insights, and surrounding contexts. The review discusses how integration of sensing devices with big data analysis, artificial Intelligence or machine learning, and clinical decision support system, could improve the accuracy of the recorded patterns of the disease conditions within an ocean of information. At the end, the mini‐review provides a prospective on the requirements to improve our coping of the pandemic‐related biodiagnostics as well as future opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoav Y Broza
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute Technion-Israel Institute of Technology Haifa Israel
| | - Hossam Haick
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute Technion-Israel Institute of Technology Haifa Israel
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29
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Milyutin Y, Abud-Hawa M, Kloper-Weidenfeld V, Mansour E, Broza YY, Shani G, Haick H. Fabricating and printing chemiresistors based on monolayer-capped metal nanoparticles. Nat Protoc 2021; 16:2968-2990. [PMID: 34012107 DOI: 10.1038/s41596-021-00528-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Chemiresistors that are based on monolayer-capped metal nanoparticles (MCNPs) have been used in a wide variety of innovative sensing applications, including detection and monitoring of diagnostic markers in body fluids, explosive materials, environmental contaminations and food quality control. The sensing mechanism is based on reversible swelling or aggregation and/or changes in dielectric constant of the MCNPs. In this protocol, we describe a procedure for producing MCNP-based chemiresistive sensors that is reproducible from device to device and from batch to batch. The approach relies on three main steps: (i) controlled synthesis of gold MCNPs, (ii) fabrication of electrodes that are surrounded with a microbarrier ring to confine the deposited MCNP solution and (iii) a tailor-made drying process to enable evaporation of solvent residues from the MCNP sensing layer to prevent a coffee-ring effect. Application of this approach has been shown to produce devices with ±1.5% variance-a value consistent with the criterion for commercial sensors-as well as long shelf life and stability. Fabrication of chemical sensors based on dodecanethiol- or 2-ethylhexanethiol-capped MCNPs with this approach provides high sensitivity and accuracy in the detection of volatile organic compounds (e.g., octane and decane), toxic gaseous species (e.g., HCl and NH3) in air and simulated mixtures of lung and gastric cancer from exhaled breath.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yana Milyutin
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Manal Abud-Hawa
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Viki Kloper-Weidenfeld
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Elias Mansour
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Yoav Y Broza
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Gidi Shani
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Hossam Haick
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.
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30
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Ilami M, Bagheri H, Ahmed R, Skowronek EO, Marvi H. Materials, Actuators, and Sensors for Soft Bioinspired Robots. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2003139. [PMID: 33346386 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202003139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Revised: 08/15/2020] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Biological systems can perform complex tasks with high compliance levels. This makes them a great source of inspiration for soft robotics. Indeed, the union of these fields has brought about bioinspired soft robotics, with hundreds of publications on novel research each year. This review aims to survey fundamental advances in bioinspired soft actuators and sensors with a focus on the progress between 2017 and 2020, providing a primer for the materials used in their design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Ilami
- School for Engineering of Matter, Transport & Energy, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287, USA
| | - Hosain Bagheri
- School for Engineering of Matter, Transport & Energy, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287, USA
| | - Reza Ahmed
- School for Engineering of Matter, Transport & Energy, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287, USA
| | - E Olga Skowronek
- School for Engineering of Matter, Transport & Energy, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287, USA
| | - Hamid Marvi
- School for Engineering of Matter, Transport & Energy, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287, USA
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31
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Zhao L, Zhao J, Zhang F, Xu Z, Chen F, Shi Y, Hou C, Huang Y, Lin C, Yu R, Guo W. Highly Stretchable, Adhesive, and Self-Healing Silk Fibroin-Dopted Hydrogels for Wearable Sensors. Adv Healthc Mater 2021; 10:e2002083. [PMID: 33763942 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202002083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, the preparations of flexible electronic devices have attracted great attention. Here, a simple one-pot method of thermal polymerization is introduced to fabricate silk fibroin-dopted hydrogels (SFHs), which are both chemically and physically cross-linked by acrylamide (AM), acrylic acid (AA), and silk fibroin (SF). The addition of SF can effectively enhance the mechanical property of the SFH12% by 59% compared with SFH0% . Taking the advantage of its wide working range of stress (about 0.455-568.9 kPa), the SFH can work as a resistance-type pressure sensor to monitor different human motions. What is more, the excellent adhesion, about 75.17 N m-1 of SFH46% enables it to fit tightly to other objects during the testing, which significantly reduces the loss of small signals due to poor fit. In addition, the SFH demonstrates excellent self-healing property without requiring external excitation and a sensitive temperature response in the range of -10 to 60 °C. The SFH is expected to be applied in the field of electronic skin, soft robots, and other flexible electronic products as well as speech recognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhao
- Research Institute for Biomimetics and Soft Matter College of Physical Science and Technology Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 P. R. China
| | - Jizhong Zhao
- Research Institute for Biomimetics and Soft Matter College of Physical Science and Technology Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 P. R. China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Research Institute for Biomimetics and Soft Matter College of Physical Science and Technology Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Estuarine Ecological Security and Environmental Health of Fujian Province University School of Environmental Science and Engineering Xiamen University Tan Kah Kee College Zhangzhou 363105 P. R. China
| | - Zijie Xu
- Research Institute for Biomimetics and Soft Matter College of Physical Science and Technology Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 P. R. China
| | - Fan Chen
- Research Institute for Biomimetics and Soft Matter College of Physical Science and Technology Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 P. R. China
| | - Yating Shi
- Research Institute for Biomimetics and Soft Matter College of Physical Science and Technology Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 P. R. China
| | - Chen Hou
- Research Institute for Biomimetics and Soft Matter College of Physical Science and Technology Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 P. R. China
| | - Yicheng Huang
- Key Laboratory of Estuarine Ecological Security and Environmental Health of Fujian Province University School of Environmental Science and Engineering Xiamen University Tan Kah Kee College Zhangzhou 363105 P. R. China
| | - Changjian Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 P. R. China
| | - Rui Yu
- Research Institute for Biomimetics and Soft Matter College of Physical Science and Technology Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 P. R. China
| | - Wenxi Guo
- Research Institute for Biomimetics and Soft Matter College of Physical Science and Technology Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 P. R. China
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Karimi-Maleh H, Orooji Y, Karimi F, Alizadeh M, Baghayeri M, Rouhi J, Tajik S, Beitollahi H, Agarwal S, Gupta VK, Rajendran S, Ayati A, Fu L, Sanati AL, Tanhaei B, Sen F, Shabani-Nooshabadi M, Asrami PN, Al-Othman A. A critical review on the use of potentiometric based biosensors for biomarkers detection. Biosens Bioelectron 2021; 184:113252. [PMID: 33895688 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 202] [Impact Index Per Article: 67.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Potentiometric-based biosensors have the potential to advance the detection of several biological compounds and help in early diagnosis of various diseases. They belong to the portable analytical class of biosensors for monitoring biomarkers in the human body. They contain ion-sensitive membranes sensors can be used to determine potassium, sodium, and chloride ions activity while being used as a biomarker to gauge human health. The potentiometric based ion-sensitive membrane systems can be coupled with various techniques to create a sensitive tool for the fast and early detection of cancer biomarkers and other critical biological compounds. This paper discusses the application of potentiometric-based biosensors and classifies them into four major categories: photoelectrochemical potentiometric biomarkers, potentiometric biosensors amplified with molecular imprinted polymer systems, wearable potentiometric biomarkers and light-addressable potentiometric biosensors. This review demonstrated the development of several innovative biosensor-based techniques that could potentially provide reliable tools to test biomarkers. Some challenges however remain, but these can be removed by coupling techniques to maximize the testing sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Karimi-Maleh
- School of Resources and Environment, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, P.O. Box 611731, Xiyuan Ave, Chengdu, PR China; Department of Chemical Engineering and Energy, Quchan University of Technology, Quchan, 9477177870, Iran; Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein Campus, 2028 Johannesburg, P.O. Box 17011, South Africa.
| | - Yasin Orooji
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing 210037, China; Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
| | - Fatemeh Karimi
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Energy, Quchan University of Technology, Quchan, 9477177870, Iran.
| | - Marzieh Alizadeh
- Laboratory of Basic Sciences, Mohammad Rasul Allah Research Tower, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, 71348-14336, Iran
| | - Mehdi Baghayeri
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hakim Sabzevari University, PO. Box 397, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Jalal Rouhi
- Faculty of Physics, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, 51566, Iran
| | - Somayeh Tajik
- Research Center for Tropical and Infectious Diseases, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, 7616913555, Iran
| | - Hadi Beitollahi
- Environment Department, Institute of Science and High Technology and Environmental Sciences, Graduate University of Advanced Technology, Kerman, 7631133131, Iran
| | - Shilpi Agarwal
- Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Vinod K Gupta
- Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saravanan Rajendran
- Faculty of Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Tarapaca, Avda. General Velasquez, 1775 Arica, Chile
| | - Ali Ayati
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Energy, Quchan University of Technology, Quchan, 9477177870, Iran
| | - Li Fu
- College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, 310018, PR China
| | - Afsaneh L Sanati
- Institute of Systems and Robotics, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Coimbra, Polo II, 3030-290, Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Bahareh Tanhaei
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Energy, Quchan University of Technology, Quchan, 9477177870, Iran
| | - Fatih Sen
- Sen Research Group, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Arts and Science, Dumlupınar University, Evliya Çelebi Campus, 43100, Kütahya, Turkey
| | | | | | - Amani Al-Othman
- Department of Chemical Engineering, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah, PO. Box 26666, United Arab Emirates
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Zhang X, Ai J, Zou R, Su B. Compressible and Stretchable Magnetoelectric Sensors Based on Liquid Metals for Highly Sensitive, Self-Powered Respiratory Monitoring. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:15727-15737. [PMID: 33779131 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c04457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Healthcare monitoring, especially for respiration, has attracted tremendous attention from academics considering the great significance of health information feedback. The respiratory rate, as a critical health indicator, has been used to screen and evaluate potential illness risks in early medical diagnoses. A self-powered sensing system for medical monitoring is critical and imperative due to needless battery replacement and simple assembly. However, the development of a self-powered respiratory sensor with highly sensitive performance is still a daunting challenge. In this work, a compressible and stretchable magnetoelectric sensor (CSMS) with an arch-shaped air gap is reported, enabling self-powered respiratory monitoring driven by exhaled/inhaled breath. The CSMS contains two key functional materials: liquid metals and magnetic powders both with low Young's modulus, allowing for sensing compressibility and stretchability simultaneously. More importantly, such a magnetoelectric sensor exhibits mechanoelectrical converting capacity under an external force, which has been verified by Maxwell numerical simulation. Owing to the air-layer introduction, the magnetoelectric sensors achieve high sensitivity (up to 17.73 kPa-1), fast response, and long-term stability. The highly sensitive and self-powered magnetoelectric sensor can be further applied as a noninvasive, miniaturized, and portable respiratory monitoring system with the aim of warning for potential health risks. We anticipate that this technique will create an avenue for self-powered respiratory monitoring fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, P. R. China
- ARC Hub for Computational Particle Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Jingwei Ai
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Ruiping Zou
- ARC Hub for Computational Particle Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Bin Su
- State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, P. R. China
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Salamanca-Buentello F, Daar AS. Nanotechnology, equity and global health. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 16:358-361. [PMID: 33782590 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-021-00899-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Salamanca-Buentello
- Bridgepoint Collaboratory for Research and Innovation, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Abdallah S Daar
- Department of Surgery, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, Toronto, Ontario (Emeritus), Canada
- Department of Clinical Public Health, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto (Emeritus), Toronto, Canada
- Stellenbosch Institute for Advanced Study, Stellenbosch, Western Cape, South Africa
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Xia Y, Wang C, Dong B, Wang G, Chen Y, MacKenzie RCI, Dong W, Ruan S, Liu Y, Wen S. Molecular Doping Inhibits Charge Trapping in Low-Temperature-Processed ZnO toward Flexible Organic Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:14423-14432. [PMID: 33733730 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c23087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
There has been a growing interest in the development of efficient flexible organic solar cells (OSCs) due to their unique capacity to provide energy sources for flexible electronics. To this end, it is required to design a compatible interlayer with low processing temperature and high electronic quality. In this work, we present that the electronic quality of the ZnO interlayer fabricated from a low-temperature (130 °C) sol-gel method can be significantly improved by doping an organic small molecule, TPT-S. The doped TPT-S, on the one hand, passivates uncoordinated Zn-related defects by forming N-Zn bonds. On the other hand, photoinduced charge transfer from TPT-S to ZnO is confirmed, which further fills up electron-deficient trap states. This renders ZnO improved electron transport capability and reduced charge recombination. By illuminating devices with square light pulses of varying intensities, we also reveal that an unfavorable charge trapping/detrapping process observed in low-temperature-processed devices is significantly inhibited after TPT-S doping. OSCs based on PBDB-T-2F:IT-4F with ZnO:TPT-S being the cathode interlayer yield efficiencies of 12.62 and 11.33% on rigid and flexible substrates, respectively. These observations convey the practicality of such hybrid ZnO in high-performance flexible devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqiu Xia
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics and College of Electronic Science & Engineering, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Chen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Biao Dong
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics and College of Electronic Science & Engineering, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Ge Wang
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics and College of Electronic Science & Engineering, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Yi Chen
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics and College of Electronic Science & Engineering, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Roderick C I MacKenzie
- Faculty of Engineering, The University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K
| | - Wei Dong
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics and College of Electronic Science & Engineering, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Shengping Ruan
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics and College of Electronic Science & Engineering, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Yizhan Liu
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics and College of Electronic Science & Engineering, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Shanpeng Wen
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics and College of Electronic Science & Engineering, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
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Haick H, Tang N. Artificial Intelligence in Medical Sensors for Clinical Decisions. ACS NANO 2021; 15:3557-3567. [PMID: 33620208 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c00085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Due to the limited ability of conventional methods and the limited perspective of human diagnostics, patients are often diagnosed incorrectly or at a late stage as their disease condition progresses. They may then undergo unnecessary treatments due to inaccurate diagnoses. In this Perspective, we offer a brief overview on the integration of nanotechnology-based medical sensors and artificial intelligence (AI) for advanced clinical decision support systems to help decision-makers and healthcare systems improve how they approach information, insights, and the surrounding contexts, as well as to promote the uptake of personalized medicine on an individualized basis. Relying on these milestones, wearable sensing devices could enable interactive and evolving clinical decisions that could be used for evidence-based analysis and recommendations as well as for personalized monitoring of disease progress and treatment. We present and discuss the ongoing challenges and future opportunities associated with AI-enabled medical sensors in clinical decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossam Haick
- The Department of Chemical Engineering and the Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Ning Tang
- The Department of Chemical Engineering and the Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
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37
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Voulgari E, Krummenacher F, Kayal M. ANTIGONE: A Programmable Energy-Efficient Current Digitizer for an ISFET Wearable Sweat Sensing System. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 21:2074. [PMID: 33809491 PMCID: PMC8002162 DOI: 10.3390/s21062074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
This article describes the design and the characterization of the ANTIGONE (ANalog To dIGital cONvErter) ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit) built in AMS 0.35 m technology for low dc-current sensing. This energy-efficient ASIC was specifically designed to interface with multiple Ion-Sensitive Field-Effect Transistors (ISFETs) and detect biomarkers like pH, Na+, K+ and Ca2+ in human sweat. The ISFET-ASIC system can allow real-time noninvasive and continuous health monitoring. The ANTIGONE ASIC architecture is based on the current-to-frequency converter through the charge balancing principle. The same front-end can digitize multiple currents produced by four sweat ISFET sensors in time multiplexing. The front-end demonstrates good linearity over a dynamic range that spans from 1 pA up to 500 nA. The consumed energy per conversion is less than 1 J. The chip is programmable and works in eight different modes of operation. The system uses a standard Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) to configure, control and read the digitally converted sensor data. The chip is controlled by a portable device over Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) through a Microcontroller Unit (MCU). The sweat sensing system is part of a bigger wearable platform that exploits the convergence of multiparameter biosensors and environmental sensors for personalized and preventive healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evgenia Voulgari
- École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; (F.K.); (M.K.)
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Yin YM, Li HY, Xu J, Zhang C, Liang F, Li X, Jiang Y, Cao JW, Feng HF, Mao JN, Qin L, Kang YF, Zhu G. Facile Fabrication of Flexible Pressure Sensor with Programmable Lattice Structure. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:10388-10396. [PMID: 33601883 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c21407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Flexible pressure sensors have attracted intense attention because of their widespread applications in electronic skin, human-machine interfaces, and healthcare monitoring. Conductive porous structures are always utilized as active layers to improve the sensor sensitivities. However, flexible pressure sensors derived from traditional foaming techniques have limited structure designability. Besides, random pore distribution causes difference in structure and signal repeatability between different samples even in one batch, therefore limiting the batch production capabilities. Herein, we introduce a structure designable lattice structure pressure sensor (LPS) produced by bottom-up digital light processing (DLP) 3D printing technique, which is capable of efficiently producing 55 high fidelity lattice structure models in 30 min. The LPS shows high sensitivity (1.02 kPa-1) with superior linearity over a wide pressure range (0.7 Pa to 160 kPa). By adjusting the design parameters such as lattice type and layer thickness, the electrical sensitivities and mechanical properties of LPS can be accurately controlled. In addition, the LPS endures up to 60000 compression cycles (at 10 kPa) without any obvious electrical signal degradation. This benefits from the firm carbon nanotubes (CNTs) coating derived from high-energy ultrasonic probe and the subsequent thermal curing process of UV-heat dual-curing photocurable resin. For practical applications, the LPS is used for real time pulse monitoring, voice recognition and Morse code communication. Furthermore, the LPS is also integrated to make a flexible 4 × 4 sensor arrays for detecting spatial pressure distribution and a flexible insole for foot pressure monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Ming Yin
- New Materials Institute, Department of Mechanical, Materials and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo 315100, China
| | - Hua Yang Li
- New Materials Institute, Department of Mechanical, Materials and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo 315100, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Jin Xu
- New Materials Institute, Department of Mechanical, Materials and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo 315100, China
| | - Chen Zhang
- Locomotive and Car Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Railway Sciences Co., Ltd., Beijing 100081, China
| | - Fei Liang
- Institute of Textiles & Clothing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xin Li
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yang Jiang
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jin Wei Cao
- New Materials Institute, Department of Mechanical, Materials and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo 315100, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Han Fang Feng
- New Materials Institute, Department of Mechanical, Materials and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo 315100, China
| | - Jia Nan Mao
- New Materials Institute, Department of Mechanical, Materials and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo 315100, China
| | - Ling Qin
- New Materials Institute, Department of Mechanical, Materials and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo 315100, China
| | - Yi Fan Kang
- New Materials Institute, Department of Mechanical, Materials and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo 315100, China
| | - Guang Zhu
- New Materials Institute, Department of Mechanical, Materials and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo 315100, China
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Wen H, Chen C, Li S, Shi Y, Wang H, Guo W, Liu X. Array Integration and Far-Field Detection of Biocompatible Wireless LC Pressure Sensors. SMALL METHODS 2021; 5:e2001055. [PMID: 34927837 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202001055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, three configurations of LC (inductor-capacitor) pressure sensors are developed, namely series LC pressure sensors, compact LC pressure sensors, and far-field LC pressure sensor tags. The modified silk protein films have been chosen as substrates due to their good biocompatibility and air/water permeability, which is suitable for continuously pasting such substrates on skin. For series LC pressure sensors, conducting wire is used to connect the flexible capacitor and spiral inductor. It exhibits good cycling stability and high sensitivities, suitable for electronic skin. For compact LC pressure sensors, the spiral coil functions as inductor, antenna, and capacitor electrode simultaneously, minimizing the space cost and is suitable for array integration, while the sensitivities remain the same. By tailoring the turn of the spiral coil, the resonate frequency can be regulated continuously. An annular array of compact LC sensors with ten distinct resonate frequencies ranged from 400 to 1000 MHz is developed to remotely monitor the press of number 0-9. Finally, far-field LC pressure sensor tags with elongated detection distances are developed in which each compact LC sensor acts as a filter. A wireless in-shoe plantar to detect the sole pressure distribution using the far-field LC sensor configuration is developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wen
- Department of Physics, College of Physical Science and Technology, Research Institution for Biomimetics and Soft Matter, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Soft Functional Materials Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Caifeng Chen
- Department of Physics, College of Physical Science and Technology, Research Institution for Biomimetics and Soft Matter, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Soft Functional Materials Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Shengyou Li
- Department of Physics, College of Physical Science and Technology, Research Institution for Biomimetics and Soft Matter, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Soft Functional Materials Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Yating Shi
- Department of Physics, College of Physical Science and Technology, Research Institution for Biomimetics and Soft Matter, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Soft Functional Materials Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Physics, College of Physical Science and Technology, Research Institution for Biomimetics and Soft Matter, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Soft Functional Materials Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Wenxi Guo
- Department of Physics, College of Physical Science and Technology, Research Institution for Biomimetics and Soft Matter, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Soft Functional Materials Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Xiangyang Liu
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117542, Singapore
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Khatib M, Zohar O, Haick H. Self-Healing Soft Sensors: From Material Design to Implementation. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2004190. [PMID: 33533124 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202004190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The demand for interfacing electronics in everyday life is rapidly accelerating, with an ever-growing number of applications in wearable electronics and electronic skins for robotics, prosthetics, and other purposes. Soft sensors that efficiently detect environmental or biological/physiological stimuli have been extensively studied due to their essential role in creating the necessary interfaces for these applications. Unfortunately, due to their natural softness, these sensors are highly sensitive to structural and mechanical damage. The integration of natural properties, such as self-healing, into these systems should improve their reliability, stability, and long-term performance. Recent studies on self-healing soft sensors for varying chemical and physical parameters are herein reviewed. In addition, contemporary studies on material design, device structure, and fabrication methods for sensing platforms are also discussed. Finally, the main challenges and future perspectives in this field are introduced, while focusing on the most promising examples and directions already reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Khatib
- The Department of Chemical Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 3200003, Israel
| | - Orr Zohar
- The Department of Chemical Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 3200003, Israel
| | - Hossam Haick
- The Department of Chemical Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 3200003, Israel
- The Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 3200003, Israel
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41
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Wu H, Yang G, Zhu K, Liu S, Guo W, Jiang Z, Li Z. Materials, Devices, and Systems of On-Skin Electrodes for Electrophysiological Monitoring and Human-Machine Interfaces. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2021; 8:2001938. [PMID: 33511003 PMCID: PMC7816724 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202001938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2020] [Revised: 09/19/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
On-skin electrodes function as an ideal platform for collecting high-quality electrophysiological (EP) signals due to their unique characteristics, such as stretchability, conformal interfaces with skin, biocompatibility, and wearable comfort. The past decade has witnessed great advancements in performance optimization and function extension of on-skin electrodes. With continuous development and great promise for practical applications, on-skin electrodes are playing an increasingly important role in EP monitoring and human-machine interfaces (HMI). In this review, the latest progress in the development of on-skin electrodes and their integrated system is summarized. Desirable features of on-skin electrodes are briefly discussed from the perspective of performances. Then, recent advances in the development of electrode materials, followed by the analysis of strategies and methods to enhance adhesion and breathability of on-skin electrodes are examined. In addition, representative integrated electrode systems and practical applications of on-skin electrodes in healthcare monitoring and HMI are introduced in detail. It is concluded with the discussion of key challenges and opportunities for on-skin electrodes and their integrated systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wu
- Flexible Electronics Research CenterState Key Laboratory of Digital Manufacturing Equipment and TechnologySchool of Mechanical Science and EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei430074China
| | - Ganguang Yang
- Flexible Electronics Research CenterState Key Laboratory of Digital Manufacturing Equipment and TechnologySchool of Mechanical Science and EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei430074China
| | - Kanhao Zhu
- Flexible Electronics Research CenterState Key Laboratory of Digital Manufacturing Equipment and TechnologySchool of Mechanical Science and EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei430074China
| | - Shaoyu Liu
- Flexible Electronics Research CenterState Key Laboratory of Digital Manufacturing Equipment and TechnologySchool of Mechanical Science and EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei430074China
| | - Wei Guo
- Flexible Electronics Research CenterState Key Laboratory of Digital Manufacturing Equipment and TechnologySchool of Mechanical Science and EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei430074China
| | - Zhuo Jiang
- Department of Materials ScienceFudan UniversityShanghai200433China
| | - Zhuo Li
- Department of Materials ScienceFudan UniversityShanghai200433China
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42
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Liu Y, Fan X, Feng W, Shi X, Li F, Wu J, Ji X, Liang J. An in situ and rapid self-healing strategy enabling a stretchable nanocomposite with extremely durable and highly sensitive sensing features. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2021; 8:250-258. [PMID: 34821303 DOI: 10.1039/d0mh01539c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Progress toward the development of wearable electromechanical sensors with durable and reliable sensing performance is critical for emerging wearable integrated electronic applications. However, it remains a long-standing challenge to realize mechanically stretchable sensing materials with extremely durable and high-performing sensing ability due to the fundamental dilemma lying in the sensing mechanism. In this work, we proposed an in situ and rapid self-healing strategy through nano-confining a dynamic host-guest supramolecular polymer network in a graphene-based multilevel nanocomposite matrix to fabricate a mechanically stretchable and structurally healable sensing nanocomposite which is provided with intriguing sensing durability and sensitivity simultaneously. When repeatedly stretching and releasing the nanocomposite sensing film, the fast association kinetics of cyclodextrin and adamantane host-guest inclusion complexes and good polymer chain dynamics in the supramolecular polymer network endowed by the nanoconfinement effect enable autonomous and rapid repair of the micro-cracks in situ generated in the sensing material. As a result, our strain sensing devices can achieve an extremely high durability and retain stable sensing performance even after over 100 000 stretching-releasing cycles at large strain of 50%. Moreover, the brittle nature originated from the inorganically dominated structure in conjunction with the thermodynamically stable host-guest interactions and dynamic hydrogen bonds inside the multilevel nanocomposite allow the sensing material to exhibit an ultrahigh gauge factor over 1500 with a large working strain of 58%. This work presents a reliable approach for the construction of ultradurable and high-performing wearable electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, National Institute for Advanced Materials, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China.
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43
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Xiong Y, Zhang X, Ma X, Wang W, Yan F, Zhao X, Chu X, Xu W, Sun C. A review of the properties and applications of bioadhesive hydrogels. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py00282a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Due to their outstanding properties, bioadhesive hydrogels have been extensively studied by researchers in recent years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingshuo Xiong
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Ludong University
- Yantai 264025
- China
| | - Xiaoran Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Ludong University
- Yantai 264025
- China
| | - Xintao Ma
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Ludong University
- Yantai 264025
- China
| | - Wenqi Wang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Ludong University
- Yantai 264025
- China
| | - Feiyan Yan
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Ludong University
- Yantai 264025
- China
| | - Xiaohan Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Ludong University
- Yantai 264025
- China
| | - Xiaoxiao Chu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Ludong University
- Yantai 264025
- China
| | - Wenlong Xu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Ludong University
- Yantai 264025
- China
| | - Changmei Sun
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Ludong University
- Yantai 264025
- China
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Kim DH, Jung Y, Jung K, Kwak DH, Park DM, Shin MG, Tak HJ, Ko JS. Hollow polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) foam with a 3D interconnected network for highly sensitive capacitive pressure sensors. MICRO AND NANO SYSTEMS LETTERS 2020. [DOI: 10.1186/s40486-020-00127-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
AbstractWe propose a highly sensitive capacitive pressure sensor made of hollow polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) foam with a three-dimensional network structure. The stiffness of the foam is adjusted by the viscosity of the PDMS solution. The fabricated PDMS-30 (PDMS 30 wt%) foam shows extremely high porosity (> 86%) approximately 19 times that of bare PDMS (PDMS 100 wt%) foam. Capacitive pressure sensors fabricated using the foam possess high sensitivity, good compressibility (up to 80% strain), and consistent output characteristics in a 2000-cycle test.
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45
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Wang Y, Duan L, Deng Z, Liao J. Electrically Transduced Gas Sensors Based on Semiconducting Metal Oxide Nanowires. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 20:E6781. [PMID: 33260973 PMCID: PMC7729516 DOI: 10.3390/s20236781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Semiconducting metal oxide-based nanowires (SMO-NWs) for gas sensors have been extensively studied for their extraordinary surface-to-volume ratio, high chemical and thermal stabilities, high sensitivity, and unique electronic, photonic and mechanical properties. In addition to improving the sensor response, vast developments have recently focused on the fundamental sensing mechanism, low power consumption, as well as novel applications. Herein, this review provides a state-of-art overview of electrically transduced gas sensors based on SMO-NWs. We first discuss the advanced synthesis and assembly techniques for high-quality SMO-NWs, the detailed sensor architectures, as well as the important gas-sensing performance. Relationships between the NWs structure and gas sensing performance are established by understanding general sensitization models related to size and shape, crystal defect, doped and loaded additive, and contact parameters. Moreover, major strategies for low-power gas sensors are proposed, including integrating NWs into microhotplates, self-heating operation, and designing room-temperature gas sensors. Emerging application areas of SMO-NWs-based gas sensors in disease diagnosis, environmental engineering, safety and security, flexible and wearable technology have also been studied. In the end, some insights into new challenges and future prospects for commercialization are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence & Optical Information, Ministry of Education, School of Science, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China;
| | - Li Duan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Security and Privacy in Intelligent Transportation, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China;
| | - Zhen Deng
- Key Laboratory for Renewable Energy, Beijing Key Laboratory for New Energy Materials and Devices, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Jianhui Liao
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices, Department of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China;
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46
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Tang D, Hu J, Liu H, Li Z, Shi Q, Zhao G, Gao B, Lou J, Yao C, Xu F. Diagnosis and prognosis for exercise-induced muscle injuries: from conventional imaging to emerging point-of-care testing. RSC Adv 2020; 10:38847-38860. [PMID: 35518400 PMCID: PMC9057463 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra07321k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
With the development of modern society, we have witnessed a significant increase of people who join in sport exercises, which also brings significantly increasing exercise-induced muscle injuries, resulting in reduction and even cessation of participation in sports and physical activities. Although severely injured muscles can hardly realize full functional restoration, skeletal muscles subjected to minor muscle injuries (e.g., tears, lacerations, and contusions) hold remarkable regeneration capacity to be healed without therapeutic interventions. However, delayed diagnosis or inappropriate prognosis will cause exacerbation of the injuries. Therefore, timely diagnosis and prognosis of muscle injuries is important to the recovery of injured muscles. Here, in this review, we discuss the definition and classification of exercise-induced muscle injuries, and then analyze their underlying mechanism. Subsequently, we provide detailed introductions to both conventional and emerging techniques for evaluation of exercise-induced muscle injuries with focus on emerging portable and wearable devices for point-of-care testing (POCT). Finally, we point out existing challenges and prospects in this field. We envision that an integrated system that combines physiological and biochemical analyses is anticipated to be realized in the future for assessing muscle injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deding Tang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 P. R. China
- Maanshan Teachers College Ma Anshan 243041 P. R. China
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 P. R. China
| | - Jie Hu
- Suzhou DiYinAn Biotech Co., Ltd., Suzhou Innovation Center for Life Science and Technology Suzhou 215129 P. R. China
| | - Hao Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 P. R. China
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 P. R. China
| | - Zedong Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 P. R. China
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 P. R. China
| | - Qiang Shi
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 P. R. China
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 P. R. China
- Anhui College of Traditional Chinese Medicine Wuhu 241000 P. R. China
| | - Guoxu Zhao
- School of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Technological University Xi'an 710021 P. R. China
| | - Bin Gao
- Department of Endocrinology, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Military Medical University Xi'an 710038 P. R. China
| | - Jiatao Lou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200030 P. R. China
| | - Chunyan Yao
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University Chongqing 400038 P. R. China
| | - Feng Xu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 P. R. China
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 P. R. China
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Abstract
Abstract
Wearable electronics are an essential direction for the future development of smart wearables. Among them, the battery life of wearable electronics is a key technology that limits their development. The proposal of self-powered wearable electronics (SWE) provides a promising solution to the problem of long-term stable working of wearable electronics. This review has made a comprehensive summary and analysis of recent advances on SWE from the perspectives of energy, materials, and ergonomics methods. At the same time, some representative research work was introduced in detail. SWE can be divided into energy type SWE and sensor type SWE according to their working types. Both types of SWE are broadly applied in human–machine interaction, motion information monitoring, diagnostics, and therapy systems. Finally, this article summarizes the existing bottlenecks of SWE, and predicts the future development direction of SWE.
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Qin F, Wang W, Sun L, Jiang X, Hu L, Xiong S, Liu T, Dong X, Li J, Jiang Y, Hou J, Fukuda K, Someya T, Zhou Y. Robust metal ion-chelated polymer interfacial layer for ultraflexible non-fullerene organic solar cells. Nat Commun 2020; 11:4508. [PMID: 32908141 PMCID: PMC7481191 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-18373-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Achieving high power conversion efficiency and good mechanical robustness is still challenging for the ultraflexible organic solar cells. Interlayers simultaneously having good mechanical robustness and good chemical compatibility with the active layer are highly desirable. In this work, we present an interlayer of Zn2+-chelated polyethylenimine (denoted as PEI-Zn), which can endure a maximum bending strain over twice as high as that of ZnO and is chemically compatible with the recently emerging efficient nonfullerene active layers. On 1.3 μm polyethylene naphthalate substrates, ultraflexible nonfullerene solar cells with the PEI-Zn interlayer display a power conversion efficiency of 12.3% on PEDOT:PSS electrodes and 15.0% on AgNWs electrodes. Furthermore, the ultraflexible cells show nearly unchanged power conversion efficiency during 100 continuous compression-flat deformation cycles with a compression ratio of 45%. At the end, the ultraflexible cell is demonstrated to be attached onto the finger joint and displays reversible current output during the finger bending-spreading. Simultaneously achieving high efficiency and mechanical robustness is challenging for ultraflexible organic solar cells. Here, Qin et al. present a robust interlayer of Zinc-chelated polyethylenimine (PEI-Zn) to facilitate the demonstration of efficient and mechanically robust ultraflexible solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Qin
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Wen Wang
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Lulu Sun
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Xueshi Jiang
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Lin Hu
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Sixing Xiong
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Tiefeng Liu
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Xinyun Dong
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Jing Li
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Youyu Jiang
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Jianhui Hou
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, China
| | - Kenjiro Fukuda
- Thin-Film Device Laboratory & Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Takao Someya
- Thin-Film Device Laboratory & Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan.,Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Systems, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Yinhua Zhou
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China.
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Zhang Q, Fang T, Liu F, Li A, Wu Y, Zhu T, Zhao X. Tuning Optimum Temperature Range of Bi
2
Te
3
‐Based Thermoelectric Materials by Defect Engineering. Chem Asian J 2020; 15:2775-2792. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.202000793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials School of Materials Science and Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Teng Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials School of Materials Science and Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Feng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials School of Materials Science and Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Airan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials School of Materials Science and Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Yehao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials School of Materials Science and Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Tiejun Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials School of Materials Science and Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Xinbing Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials School of Materials Science and Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
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50
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Padash M, Enz C, Carrara S. Microfluidics by Additive Manufacturing for Wearable Biosensors: A Review. SENSORS 2020; 20:s20154236. [PMID: 32751404 PMCID: PMC7435802 DOI: 10.3390/s20154236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 07/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Wearable devices are nowadays at the edge-front in both academic research as well as in industry, and several wearable devices have been already introduced in the market. One of the most recent advancements in wearable technologies for biosensing is in the area of the remote monitoring of human health by detection on-the-skin. However, almost all the wearable devices present in the market nowadays are still providing information not related to human ‘metabolites and/or disease’ biomarkers, excluding the well-known case of the continuous monitoring of glucose in diabetic patients. Moreover, even in this last case, the glycaemic level is acquired under-the-skin and not on-the-skin. On the other hand, it has been proven that human sweat is very rich in molecules and other biomarkers (e.g., ions), which makes sweat a quite interesting human liquid with regards to gathering medical information at the molecular level in a totally non-invasive manner. Of course, a proper collection of sweat as it is emerging on top of the skin is required to correctly convey such liquid to the molecular biosensors on board of the wearable system. Microfluidic systems have efficiently come to the aid of wearable sensors, in this case. These devices were originally built using methods such as photolithographic and chemical etching techniques with rigid materials. Nowadays, fabrication methods of microfluidic systems are moving towards three-dimensional (3D) printing methods. These methods overcome some of the limitations of the previous method, including expensiveness and non-flexibility. The 3D printing methods have a high speed and according to the application, can control the textures and mechanical properties of an object by using multiple materials in a cheaper way. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to review all the most recent advancements in the methods for 3D printing to fabricate wearable fluidics and provide a critical frame for the future developments of a wearable device for the remote monitoring of the human metabolism directly on-the-skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahshid Padash
- Laboratory of Integrated Circuits, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-2002 Neuchâtel, Switzerland or (M.P.); (C.E.)
- Chemistry Department, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman 76169-13439, Iran
| | - Christian Enz
- Laboratory of Integrated Circuits, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-2002 Neuchâtel, Switzerland or (M.P.); (C.E.)
| | - Sandro Carrara
- Laboratory of Integrated Circuits, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-2002 Neuchâtel, Switzerland or (M.P.); (C.E.)
- Correspondence:
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