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Gokulnath T, Kim H, Kranthiraja K, Cho BH, Park HY, Jee J, Kim YY, Yoon J, Jin SH. Accomplishing High-Performance Organic Solar Sub-Modules (≈55 cm 2) with >16% Efficiency by Controlling the Aggregation of an Engineered Non-Fullerene Acceptor. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024:e2404997. [PMID: 38888516 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202404997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
The fabrication of environmentally benign, solvent-processed, efficient, organic photovoltaic sub-modules remains challenging due to the rapid aggregation of the current high performance non-fullerene acceptors (NFAs). In this regard, design of new NFAs capable of achieving optimal aggregation in large-area organic photovoltaic modules has not been realized. Here, an NFA named BTA-HD-Rh is synthesized with longer (hexyl-decyl) side chains that exhibit good solubility and optimal aggregation. Interestingly, integrating a minute amount of new NFA (BTA-HD-Rh) into the PM6:L8-BO system enables the improved solubility in halogen-free solvents (o-xylene:carbon disulfide (O-XY:CS2)) with controlled aggregation is found. Then solar sub-modules are fabricated at ambient condition (temperature at 25 ± 3 °C and humidity: 30-45%). Ultimately, the champion 55 cm2 sub-modules achieve exciting efficiency of >16% in O-XY:CS2 solvents, which is the highest PCE reported for sub-modules. Notably, the highest efficiency of BTA-HD-Rh doped PM6:L8-BO is very well correlated with high miscibility with low Flory-Huggins parameter (0.372), well-defined nanoscale morphology, and high charge transport. This study demonstrates that a careful choice of side chain engineering for an NFA offers fascinating features that control the overall aggregation of active layer, which results in superior sub-module performance with environmental-friendly solvents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thavamani Gokulnath
- Department of Chemistry Education, Graduate Department of Chemical Materials, Institute for Plastic Information and Energy Materials, Sustainable Utilization of Photovoltaic Energy Research Center (ERC), Pusan National University, Busandaehakro 63-2, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyerin Kim
- Department of Chemistry Education, Graduate Department of Chemical Materials, Institute for Plastic Information and Energy Materials, Sustainable Utilization of Photovoltaic Energy Research Center (ERC), Pusan National University, Busandaehakro 63-2, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Kakaraparthi Kranthiraja
- Department of Chemistry Education, Graduate Department of Chemical Materials, Institute for Plastic Information and Energy Materials, Sustainable Utilization of Photovoltaic Energy Research Center (ERC), Pusan National University, Busandaehakro 63-2, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
- Centre for Material Science, Department of Chemistry and Physics, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, 4000, Australia
| | - Bo Hyeon Cho
- Department of Chemistry Education, Graduate Department of Chemical Materials, Institute for Plastic Information and Energy Materials, Sustainable Utilization of Photovoltaic Energy Research Center (ERC), Pusan National University, Busandaehakro 63-2, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho-Yeol Park
- Department of Chemistry Education, Graduate Department of Chemical Materials, Institute for Plastic Information and Energy Materials, Sustainable Utilization of Photovoltaic Energy Research Center (ERC), Pusan National University, Busandaehakro 63-2, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Jesung Jee
- Department of Chemistry Education, Graduate Department of Chemical Materials, Institute for Plastic Information and Energy Materials, Sustainable Utilization of Photovoltaic Energy Research Center (ERC), Pusan National University, Busandaehakro 63-2, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Yong Kim
- Beamline Division, Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinhwan Yoon
- Department of Chemistry Education, Graduate Department of Chemical Materials, Institute for Plastic Information and Energy Materials, Sustainable Utilization of Photovoltaic Energy Research Center (ERC), Pusan National University, Busandaehakro 63-2, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Ho Jin
- Department of Chemistry Education, Graduate Department of Chemical Materials, Institute for Plastic Information and Energy Materials, Sustainable Utilization of Photovoltaic Energy Research Center (ERC), Pusan National University, Busandaehakro 63-2, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
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Liu J, Liu X, Xin J, Zhang Y, Wen L, Liang Q, Miao Z. Dual Function of the Third Component in Ternary Organic Solar Cells: Broaden the Spectrum and Optimize the Morphology. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2308863. [PMID: 38287727 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202308863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
Ternary organic solar cells (T-OSCs) have attracted significant attention as high-performance devices. In recent years, T-OSCs have achieved remarkable progress with power conversion efficiency (PCE) exceeding 19%. However, the introduction of the third component complicates the intermolecular interaction compared to the binary blend, resulting in poor controllability of active layer and limiting performance improvement. To address these issues, dual-functional third components have been developed that not only broaden the spectral range but also optimize morphology. In this review, the effect of the third component on expanding the absorption range of T-OSCs is first discussed. Second, the extra functions of the third component are introduced, including adjusting the crystallinity and molecular stack in active layer, regulating phase separation and purity, altering molecular orientation of the donor or acceptor. Finally, a summary of the current research progress is provided, followed by a discussion of future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangang Liu
- School of Electronics and Information, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710129, China
| | - Xingpeng Liu
- School of Electronics and Information, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710129, China
| | - Jingming Xin
- School of Electronics and Information, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710129, China
| | - Yutong Zhang
- School of Electronics and Information, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710129, China
| | - Liangquan Wen
- School of Electronics and Information, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710129, China
| | - Qiuju Liang
- School of Microelectronics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710129, China
| | - Zongcheng Miao
- School of Artificial Intelligence, Optics and Electronics (iOPEN), Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
- School of Electronic Information, Xijing University, Xi'an, 710123, China
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3
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Go E, Jin H, Yoon S, Ahn H, Kim J, Lim C, Kim JH, Din HU, Lee JH, Jun Y, Yu H, Son HJ. Spectrally Resolved Exciton Polarizability for Understanding Charge Generation in Organic Bulk Hetero-Junction Diodes. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:14724-14733. [PMID: 38757532 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c02361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Despite decades of research, the dominant charge generation mechanism in organic bulk heterojunction (BHJ) devices is not completely understood. While the local dielectric environments of the photoexcited molecules are important for exciton dissociation, conventional characterizations cannot separately measure the polarizability of electron-donor and electron-acceptor, respectively, in their blends, making it difficult to decipher the spectrally different charge generation efficiencies in organic BHJ devices. Here, by spectrally resolved electroabsorption spectroscopy, we report extraction of the excited state polarizability for individual donors and acceptors in a series of organic blend films. Regardless of the donor and acceptor, we discovered that larger exciton polarizability is linked to larger π-π coherence length and faster charge transfer across the heterojunction, which fundamentally explains the origin of the higher charge generation efficiency near 100% in the BHJ photodiodes. We also show that the molecular packing of the donor and acceptor influence each other, resulting in a synergetic enhancement in the exciton polarizability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enoch Go
- Advanced Photovoltaics Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
- Graduate School of Energy and Environment (KU-KIST GREEN SCHOOL), Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunjung Jin
- Advanced Photovoltaics Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
- Graduate School of Energy and Environment (KU-KIST GREEN SCHOOL), Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Seongwon Yoon
- Advanced Photovoltaics Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyungju Ahn
- Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Joonsoo Kim
- Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Chanwoo Lim
- Advanced Photovoltaics Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hee Kim
- Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- Department of Physics, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Haleem Ud Din
- Computational Science Research Center, KIST, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Hoon Lee
- Computational Science Research Center, KIST, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Yongseok Jun
- Graduate School of Energy and Environment (KU-KIST GREEN SCHOOL), Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeonggeun Yu
- Advanced Photovoltaics Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
- Nanoscience and Technology, KIST School, University of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae Jung Son
- Advanced Photovoltaics Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
- Graduate School of Energy and Environment (KU-KIST GREEN SCHOOL), Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
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4
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Liu C, Lüer L, Corre VML, Forberich K, Weitz P, Heumüller T, Du X, Wortmann J, Zhang J, Wagner J, Ying L, Hauch J, Li N, Brabec CJ. Understanding Causalities in Organic Photovoltaics Device Degradation in a Machine-Learning-Driven High-Throughput Platform. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2300259. [PMID: 36961263 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202300259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Organic solar cells (OSCs) now approach power conversion efficiencies of 20%. However, in order to enter mass markets, problems in upscaling and operational lifetime have to be solved, both concerning the connection between processing conditions and active layer morphology. Morphological studies supporting the development of structure-process-property relations are time-consuming, complex, and expensive to undergo and for which statistics, needed to assess significance, are difficult to be collected. This work demonstrates that causal relationships between processing conditions, morphology, and stability can be obtained in a high-throughput method by combining low-cost automated experiments with data-driven analysis methods. An automatic spectral modeling feeds parametrized absorption data into a feature selection technique that is combined with Gaussian process regression to quantify deterministic relationships linking morphological features and processing conditions with device functionality. The effect of the active layer thickness and the morphological order is further modeled by drift-diffusion simulations and returns valuable insight into the underlying mechanisms for improving device stability by tuning the microstructure morphology with versatile approaches. Predicting microstructural features as a function of processing parameters is decisive know-how for the large-scale production of OSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Liu
- Institute of Materials for Electronics and Energy Technology (i-MEET), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität, Erlangen-Nürnberg, Martensstrasse 7, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Larry Lüer
- Institute of Materials for Electronics and Energy Technology (i-MEET), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität, Erlangen-Nürnberg, Martensstrasse 7, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institute Erlangen-Nürnberg (HI ERN), Immerwahrstraße 2, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Vincent M Le Corre
- Institute of Materials for Electronics and Energy Technology (i-MEET), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität, Erlangen-Nürnberg, Martensstrasse 7, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Karen Forberich
- Institute of Materials for Electronics and Energy Technology (i-MEET), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität, Erlangen-Nürnberg, Martensstrasse 7, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institute Erlangen-Nürnberg (HI ERN), Immerwahrstraße 2, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Paul Weitz
- Institute of Materials for Electronics and Energy Technology (i-MEET), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität, Erlangen-Nürnberg, Martensstrasse 7, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Thomas Heumüller
- Institute of Materials for Electronics and Energy Technology (i-MEET), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität, Erlangen-Nürnberg, Martensstrasse 7, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institute Erlangen-Nürnberg (HI ERN), Immerwahrstraße 2, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Xiaoyan Du
- School of Physics, Shandong University, 27 Shanda Nanlu, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Jonas Wortmann
- Institute of Materials for Electronics and Energy Technology (i-MEET), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität, Erlangen-Nürnberg, Martensstrasse 7, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institute Erlangen-Nürnberg (HI ERN), Immerwahrstraße 2, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jiyun Zhang
- Institute of Materials for Electronics and Energy Technology (i-MEET), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität, Erlangen-Nürnberg, Martensstrasse 7, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institute Erlangen-Nürnberg (HI ERN), Immerwahrstraße 2, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jerrit Wagner
- Helmholtz-Institute Erlangen-Nürnberg (HI ERN), Immerwahrstraße 2, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Lei Ying
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Device, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Jens Hauch
- Helmholtz-Institute Erlangen-Nürnberg (HI ERN), Immerwahrstraße 2, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Ning Li
- Institute of Materials for Electronics and Energy Technology (i-MEET), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität, Erlangen-Nürnberg, Martensstrasse 7, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institute Erlangen-Nürnberg (HI ERN), Immerwahrstraße 2, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Device, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Christoph J Brabec
- Institute of Materials for Electronics and Energy Technology (i-MEET), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität, Erlangen-Nürnberg, Martensstrasse 7, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institute Erlangen-Nürnberg (HI ERN), Immerwahrstraße 2, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
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5
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Choi J, Song CE, Lim E. Optimizing Alkyl Side Chains in Difluorobenzene-Rhodanine Small-Molecule Acceptors for Organic Solar Cells. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:1875. [PMID: 38673232 PMCID: PMC11052290 DOI: 10.3390/ma17081875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
A series of small molecules, T-2FB-T-ORH, T-2FB-T-BORH, and T-2FB-T-HDRH, were synthesized to have a thiophene-flanked difluorobenzene (T-2FB-T) core and alkyl-substituted rhodanine (RH) end groups for their use as nonfullerene acceptors (NFAs) in organic solar cells (OSCs). Octyl, 2-butyloctyl (BO), and 2-hexyldecyl (HD) alkyl side chains were introduced into RHs to control the material's physical properties based on the length and size of the alkyl chains. The optical properties of the three NFAs were found to be almost the same, irrespective of the alkyl chain length, whereas the molecular crystallinity and material solubility significantly differed depending on the alkyl side chains. Owing to the sufficient solubility of T-2FB-T-HDRH, OSCs based on PTB7-Th and T-2FB-T-HDRH were fabricated. A power conversion efficiency of up to 4.49% was obtained by solvent vapor annealing (SVA). The AFM study revealed that improved charge mobility and a smooth and homogeneous film morphology without excessive aggregation could be obtained in the SVA-treated film.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jongchan Choi
- Department of Chemistry, Kyonggi University, Suwon 16227, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Eun Song
- Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea;
| | - Eunhee Lim
- Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Seoul, Seoul 02504, Republic of Korea
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Jin J, Wang Q, Shen W, Belfiore LA, Tang J. High-Efficiency Ternary Polymer Solar Cells with a Gradient-Blended Structure Fabricated by Sequential Deposition. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024. [PMID: 38501443 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c00411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Acquiring the ideal blend morphology of the active layer to optimize charge separation and collection is a constant goal of polymer solar cells (PSCs). In this paper, the ternary strategy and the sequential deposition process were combined to make sufficient use of the solar spectrum, optimize the energy-level structure, regulate the vertical phase separation morphology, and ultimately enhance the power conversion efficiency (PCE) and stability of the PSCs. Specifically, the donor and acceptor illustrated a gradient-blended distribution in the sequential deposition-processed films, thus resulting in facilitated carrier characteristics in the gradient-blended devices. Consequently, the PSCs based on D18-Cl/Y6:ZY-4Cl have achieved a device efficiency of over 18% with the synergetic improvement of open-circuit voltage (VOC), short-circuit current density (JSC), and fill factor (FF). Therefore, this work reveals a facile approach to fabricating PSCs with improved performance and stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianghao Jin
- Institute of Hybrid Materials, National Center of International Joint Research for Hybrid Materials Technology, National Base of International Science & Technology Cooperation on Hybrid Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Qiao Wang
- Institute of Hybrid Materials, National Center of International Joint Research for Hybrid Materials Technology, National Base of International Science & Technology Cooperation on Hybrid Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Wenfei Shen
- Institute of Hybrid Materials, National Center of International Joint Research for Hybrid Materials Technology, National Base of International Science & Technology Cooperation on Hybrid Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Laurence A Belfiore
- Institute of Hybrid Materials, National Center of International Joint Research for Hybrid Materials Technology, National Base of International Science & Technology Cooperation on Hybrid Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Jianguo Tang
- Institute of Hybrid Materials, National Center of International Joint Research for Hybrid Materials Technology, National Base of International Science & Technology Cooperation on Hybrid Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China
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7
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Ma L, Zhang S, Ryu DH, Wang G, Song CE, Shin WS, Ren J, Hou J. Design of Chlorinated Indaceno[1,2-b:5,6-b']dithiophene Acceptors toward Efficient Organic Photovoltaics. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:1243-1250. [PMID: 38143313 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c16382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
Chlorinated modifications have been extensively employed to modulate the optoelectronic properties of π-conjugated materials. Herein, the Cl substitution in designing nonfullerene acceptors (NFAs) with various bandgaps is studied. Four narrow-bandgap electron acceptors (GS-40, GS-41, GS-42, and GS-43) were synthesized by tuning the electrostatic potential distributions of the molecular conjugated backbones. The optical absorption onset of these NFAs ranges from 900 to 1030 nm. Compared to the nonchlorinated analogue, the introduction of Cl atoms on the core of indaceno[1,2-b:5,6-b'] dithiophene (IDT) and π spacer results in an upward shift of the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital levels and induces a blue shift in the absorption spectra of the NFAs. This alteration facilitates achieving appropriate energy-level alignment and favorable bulk heterojunction morphology when blended with the widely used donor PBDB-TF. The PBDB-TF:GS-43-based solar cells show an optimal power conversion efficiency of 13.3%. This work suggests the potential of employing chlorine-modified IDT and thiophene units as fundamental building blocks for developing high-performance photoactive materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijiao Ma
- School of Chemistry and Biology Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular, Sciences CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Shaoqing Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Biology Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, P. R. China
| | - Du Hyeon Ryu
- Energy Materials Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34114, South Korea
| | - Guanlin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular, Sciences CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- School of Chemical Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Chang Eun Song
- Energy Materials Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34114, South Korea
| | - Won Suk Shin
- Energy Materials Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34114, South Korea
| | - Junzhen Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular, Sciences CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- School of Chemical Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Jianhui Hou
- School of Chemistry and Biology Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular, Sciences CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- School of Chemical Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
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8
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Wu P, Duan Y, Li Y, Xu X, Li R, Yu L, Peng Q. 18.6% Efficiency All-Polymer Solar Cells Enabled by a Wide Bandgap Polymer Donor Based on Benzo[1,2-d:4,5-d']bisthiazole. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2306990. [PMID: 37766648 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202306990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
The limited selection of wide bandgap polymer donors for all-polymer solar cells (all-PSCs) is a bottleneck problem restricting their further development and remains poorly studied. Herein, a new wide bandgap polymer, namely PBBTz-Cl, is designed and synthesized by bridging the benzobisthiazole acceptor block and chlorinated benzodithiophene donor block with thiophene units for application as an electron donor in all-PSCs. PBBTz-Cl not only possesses wide bandgap and deep energy levels but also displays strong absorption, high-planar structure, and good crystallinity, making it a promising candidate for application as a polymer donor in organic solar cells. When paired with the narrow bandgap polymer acceptor PY-IT, a fibril-like morphology forms, which facilitates exciton dissociation and charge transport, contributing to a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 17.15% of the corresponding all-PSCs. Moreover, when introducing another crystalline polymer acceptor BTP-2T2F into the PBBTz-Cl:PY-IT host blend, the absorption ditch in the range of 600-750 nm is filled, and the blend morphology is further optimized with the trap density reducing. As a result, the ternary blend all-PSCs achieve a significantly improved PCE of 18.60%, which is among the highest values for all-PSCs to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peixi Wu
- School of Chemical Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, P. R. China
| | - Yuwei Duan
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry Ministry of Education Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology School of Materials Science & Engineering Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, P. R. China
| | - Yinfeng Li
- School of Chemical Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, P. R. China
| | - Xiaopeng Xu
- School of Chemical Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, P. R. China
| | - Ruipeng Li
- National Synchrotron Light Source II Brookhaven National Lab, Suffolk, Upton, NY, 11973, USA
| | - Liyang Yu
- School of Chemical Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, P. R. China
| | - Qiang Peng
- School of Chemical Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, P. R. China
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9
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Li D, Zhang H, Cui X, Chen YN, Wei N, Ran G, Lu H, Chen S, Zhang W, Li C, Liu Y, Liu Y, Bo Z. Halogenated Nonfused Ring Electron Acceptor for Organic Solar Cells with a Record Efficiency of over 17. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2310362. [PMID: 37994270 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202310362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Three nonfused ring electron acceptors (NFREAs), namely, 3TT-C2-F, 3TT-C2-Cl, and 3TT-C2, are purposefully designed and synthesized with the concept of halogenation. The incorporation of F or/and Cl atoms into the molecular structure (3TT-C2-F and 3TT-C2-Cl) enhances the π-π stacking, improves electron mobility, and regulates the nanofiber morphology of blend films, thus facilitating the exciton dissociation and charge transport. In particular, blend films based on D18:3TT-C2-F demonstrate a high charge mobility, an extended exciton diffusion distance, and a well-formed nanofiber network. These factors contribute to devices with a remarkable power conversion efficiency of 17.19%, surpassing that of 3TT-C2-Cl (16.17%) and 3TT-C2 (15.42%). To the best of knowledge, this represents the highest efficiency achieved in NFREA-based devices up to now. These results highlight the potential of halogenation in NFREAs as a promising approach to enhance the performance of organic solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawei Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Huarui Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Xinyue Cui
- College of Textiles and Clothing, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Ya-Nan Chen
- College of Textiles and Clothing, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Nan Wei
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Guangliu Ran
- Department of Physics and Applied Optics Beijing Area Major Laboratory, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Hao Lu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Shenhua Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Wenkai Zhang
- Department of Physics and Applied Optics Beijing Area Major Laboratory, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Cuihong Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Yahui Liu
- College of Textiles and Clothing, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Yuqiang Liu
- College of Textiles and Clothing, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Zhishan Bo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
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10
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Deng M, Xu X, Duan Y, Qiu W, Yu L, Li R, Peng Q. 19.32% Efficiency Polymer Solar Cells Enabled by Fine-Tuning Stacking Modes of Y-Type Molecule Acceptors: Synergistic Bromine and Fluorine Substitution of the End Groups. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023:e2308216. [PMID: 38100817 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202308216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
The success of Y6-type nonfullerene small molecule acceptors (NF-SMAs) in polymer solar cells (PSCs) can be attributed to their unique honeycomb stacking style, which leads to favorable thin-film morphologies. The intermolecular interactions related to the crystallization tendency of these NF-SMAs is closely governed by their electron accepting end groups. For example, the high performance Y6 derivative L8-BO (BTP-4F) presents three types of stacking modes in contrast to two stacking modes of Y6. Hence, it is ultimately interesting to obtain more insight on the packing properties and the preferences influenced by chemical modifications such as end group engineering. This work designs and synthesizes asymmetric and symmetric L8-BO derivatives with brominated end groups and explores the stacking preferences in various modes. The asymmetric BTP-3FBr displays an optimized crystallization tendency and thin film morphology, leading to a decent power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 18.34% in binary devices and a top PCE of 19.32% in ternary devices containing 15 wt% IDIC as the second acceptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Deng
- College of Materials and Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, P. R. China
| | - Xiaopeng Xu
- School of Chemical Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, P. R. China
| | - Yuwei Duan
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices, Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy, Technology, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, P. R. China
| | - Wuke Qiu
- School of Chemical Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, P. R. China
| | - Liyang Yu
- College of Materials and Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, P. R. China
- School of Chemical Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, P. R. China
| | - Ruipeng Li
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Lab, Suffolk, Upton, NY, 11973, USA
| | - Qiang Peng
- College of Materials and Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, P. R. China
- School of Chemical Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, P. R. China
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11
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Yang C, An Q, Jiang M, Ma X, Mahmood A, Zhang H, Zhao X, Zhi HF, Jee MH, Woo HY, Liao X, Deng D, Wei Z, Wang JL. Optimized Crystal Framework by Asymmetric Core Isomerization in Selenium-Substituted Acceptor for Efficient Binary Organic Solar Cells. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202313016. [PMID: 37823882 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202313016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Both the regional isomerization and selenium-substitution of the small molecular acceptors (SMAs) play significant roles in developing efficient organic solar cells (OSCs), while their synergistic effects remain elusive. Herein, we developed three isomeric SMAs (S-CSeF, A-ISeF, and A-OSeF) via subtly manipulating the mono-selenium substituted position (central, inner, or outer) and type of heteroaromatic ring on the central core by synergistic strategies for efficient OSCs, respectively. Crystallography of asymmetric A-OSeF presents a closer intermolecular π-π stacking and more ordered 3-dimensional network packing and efficient charge-hopping pathways. With the successive out-shift of the mono-selenium substituted position, the neat films give a slightly wider band gap and gradually higher crystallinity and electron mobility. The PM1 : A-OSeF afford favourable fibrous phase separation morphology with more ordered molecular packing and efficient charge transportation compared to the other two counterparts. Consequently, the A-OSeF-based devices achieve a champion efficiency of 18.5 %, which represents the record value for the reported selenium-containing SMAs in binary OSCs. Our developed precise molecular engineering of the position and type of selenium-based heteroaromatic ring of SMAs provides a promising synergistic approach to optimizing crystal stacking and boosting top-ranked selenium-containing SMAs-based OSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Yang
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Qiaoshi An
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Mengyun Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Xiaoming Ma
- National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Asif Mahmood
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Heng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Hong-Fu Zhi
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Min Hun Jee
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul, 136-713, Republic of Korea
| | - Han Young Woo
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul, 136-713, Republic of Korea
| | - Xilin Liao
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Dan Deng
- National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Zhixiang Wei
- National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Jin-Liang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
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12
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Tan H, Fan W, Zhu M, Zhu J, Wang X, Xiao M, Yang R, Zhu W, Yu J. Nonfused Ring Electron Acceptors for Ternary Polymer Solar Cells with Low Energy Loss and Efficiency Over 18. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2304368. [PMID: 37649173 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202304368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Ternary polymer solar cells(PSCs) have been identified as an effective approach to improving power conversion efficiency (PCE) of binary PSCs. However, most of the third component, especially Y-series non-fullerene acceptors, is a fused ring acceptor which often requires a rather tedious synthesis and the use of hazardous organostannane reagents. In this work, two nonfused ring acceptors IOEH-4F and IOEH-N2F are synthesized by a green synthetic route and incorporated into PM6:Y6 blend. Encouragingly, the IOEH-4F and IOEH-N2F-based ternary PSCs exhibited more efficient charge transfer, exciton separation, and lower energy loss than PM6:Y6-based PSCs. And the IOEH-4F and IOEH-N2F-based ternary PSCs achieved an impressive PCE of 17.80% and 18.13%, respectively, which are higher than that of PM6:Y6 based PSCs (16.18%). Notably, these PCE values are also the highest PCEs for ternary PSCs including non-fused ring acceptors. Importantly, even when the IOEH-N2F:Y6 ratios increased from 0.05:1.2 to 0.50:1.2, the PCE of IOEH-N2F-based ternary PSCs (16.70%) are still higher than that of PM6:Y6 based PSCs, indicating the great potential for cost saving. It is believed that the findings will help the design of better nonfused ring acceptors and the optimization of corresponding ternary PSCs with cost-saving advantage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Tan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Light-Electricity-Heat Energy-Converting Materials and Applications, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164, P. R. China
| | - Weixue Fan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Light-Electricity-Heat Energy-Converting Materials and Applications, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164, P. R. China
| | - Mengbing Zhu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Light-Electricity-Heat Energy-Converting Materials and Applications, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164, P. R. China
| | - Jianing Zhu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Light-Electricity-Heat Energy-Converting Materials and Applications, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164, P. R. China
| | - Xunchang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, School of Optoelectronic Materials & Technology, Jianghan University, Wuhan, 430056, P. R. China
| | - Manjun Xiao
- College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, 411105, P. R. China
| | - Renqiang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, School of Optoelectronic Materials & Technology, Jianghan University, Wuhan, 430056, P. R. China
| | - Weiguo Zhu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Light-Electricity-Heat Energy-Converting Materials and Applications, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164, P. R. China
| | - Junting Yu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Light-Electricity-Heat Energy-Converting Materials and Applications, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164, P. R. China
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13
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Ran X, Shi Y, Qiu D, Zhang J, Lu K, Wei Z. The central core size effect in quinoxaline-based non-fullerene acceptors for high VOC organic solar cells. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:18291-18299. [PMID: 37941482 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr05077g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
For organic solar cells (OSCs), obtaining a high open circuit voltage (VOC) is often accompanied by the sacrifice of the circuit current density (JSC) and filling factor (FF), and it is difficult to strike a balance between VOC and JSC × FF. The trade-off of these parameters is often the critical factor limiting the improvement of the power conversion efficiency (PCE). Extended backbone conjugation and side chain engineering of non-fullerene acceptors (NFAs) are effective strategies to optimize the performance of OSCs. Herein, based on the quinoxaline central core and branched alkyl chains at the β position of the thiophene unit, we designed and synthesized three NFAs with different sized cores. Interestingly, Qx-BO-3 with a smaller central core showed better planarity and more appropriate crystallinity. As a result, PM6:Qx-BO-3-based devices obtained more suitable phase separation, more efficient exciton dissociation, and charge transport properties. Therefore, the OSCs based on PM6:Qx-BO-3 yielded an outstanding PCE of 17.03%, significantly higher than the devices based on PM6:Qx-BO-1 (10.57%) and PM6:Qx-BO-2 (11.34%) although the latter two devices have lower VOC losses. These results indicated that fine-tuning the central core size can effectively optimize the molecular geometry of NFAs and the film morphology of OSCs. This work provides an effective method for designing high-performance NFA-OSCs with high VOCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinya Ran
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China.
- Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research, Sino-Danish College University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yanan Shi
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China.
| | - Dingding Qiu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China.
- Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research, Sino-Danish College University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Jianqi Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China.
| | - Kun Lu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China.
- Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research, Sino-Danish College University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Zhixiang Wei
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China.
- Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research, Sino-Danish College University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
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14
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Yu K, Zhou T, Liang W, Zhou X, Xu X, Yu L, Hou B, Huang Y, Chen F, Liao Y, Hu H. High-Performance Nonfused Electron Acceptor with Precisely Controlled Side Chain Fluorination. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:45158-45166. [PMID: 37708412 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c09076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Modification of the molecular packing of nonfullerene acceptors through fluorination represents one of the most promising strategies to achieve highly efficient organic solar cells (OSCs). In this work, three nonfused electron acceptors, namely, DTCBT-Fx (x = 0, 5, 9) with precisely controlled amounts of fluorine atoms in the side chains are designed and synthesized, and the effect of side chain fluorination is systematically studied. The results demonstrate that the light absorption, energy levels, molecular ordering, and film morphology could be effectively tuned by precisely controlling the side chain fluorination. DTCBT-F5 with an appropriate fluorine functionalization exhibits suitable miscibility with the donor polymer (PM6), leading to diminished charge recombination and improved charge carrier mobility. Consequently, a promising power conversion efficiency of 12.7% was obtained for DTCBT-F5-based solar cells, which outperforms those OSCs based on DTCBT-F0 (11.4%) and DTCBT-F9 (11.6%), respectively. This work demonstrates that precise control of the fluorine functionalization in side chains of nonfused electron acceptors is an effective strategy for realizing highly efficient OSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kexin Yu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Tao Zhou
- College of Chemistry and School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Wenting Liang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Xiaoli Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Xiaopeng Xu
- College of Chemistry and School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Liyang Yu
- College of Chemistry and School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Bo Hou
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF24 3AA, U.K
| | - Yangen Huang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Fengkun Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
- Shanxi-Zheda Institute of Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Yaozu Liao
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Huawei Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
- Key Laboratory of Fluorine and Silicon for Energy Materials and Chemistry of Ministry of Education/National Engineering Research Center for Carbohydrate Synthesis, Jiangxi Normal University, 99 Ziyang Avenue, Nanchang 330022, China
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15
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Khan MR, Jarząbek B. Optimization and Efficiency Enhancement of Modified Polymer Solar Cells. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3674. [PMID: 37765529 PMCID: PMC10536275 DOI: 10.3390/polym15183674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, an organic bulk heterojunction (BHJ) solar cell with a spiro OMeTAD as a hole transport layer (HTL) and a PDINO as an electron transport layer (ETL) was simulated through the one-dimensional solar capacitance simulator (SCAPS-1D) software to examine the performance of this type of organic polymer thin-film solar cell. As an active layer, a blend of polymer donor PBDB-T and non-fullerene acceptor ITIC-OE was used. Numerical simulation was performed by varying the thickness of the HTL and the active layer. Firstly, the HTL layer thickness was optimized to 50 nm; after that, the active-layer thickness was varied up to 80 nm. The results of these simulations demonstrated that the HTL thickness has rather little impact on efficiency while the active-layer thickness improves efficiency significantly. The temperature effect on the performance of the solar cells was considered by simulations performed for temperatures from 300 to 400 K; the efficiency of the solar cell decreased with increasing temperature. Generally, polymer films are usually full of traps and defects; the density of the defect (Nt) value was also introduced to the simulation, and it was confirmed that with the increase in defect density (Nt), the efficiency of the solar cell decreases. After thickness, temperature and defect density optimization, a reflective coating was also applied to the cell. It turned out that by introducing the reflective coating to the back side of the solar cell, the efficiency increased by 2.5%. Additionally, the positive effects of HTL and ETL doping on the efficiency of this type of solar cells were demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Raheel Khan
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sklodowska-Curie 34 Str., 41-819 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Bożena Jarząbek
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sklodowska-Curie 34 Str., 41-819 Zabrze, Poland
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16
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Fan Q, Ma R, Yang J, Gao J, Bai H, Su W, Liang Z, Wu Y, Tang L, Li Y, Wu Q, Wang K, Yan L, Zhang R, Gao F, Li G, Ma W. Unidirectional Sidechain Engineering to Construct Dual-Asymmetric Acceptors for 19.23 % Efficiency Organic Solar Cells with Low Energy Loss and Efficient Charge Transfer. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202308307. [PMID: 37463122 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202308307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
Achieving both high open-circuit voltage (Voc ) and short-circuit current density (Jsc ) to boost power-conversion efficiency (PCE) is a major challenge for organic solar cells (OSCs), wherein high energy loss (Eloss ) and inefficient charge transfer usually take place. Here, three new Y-series acceptors of mono-asymmetric asy-YC11 and dual-asymmetric bi-asy-YC9 and bi-asy-YC12 are developed. They share the same asymmetric D1 AD2 (D1 =thieno[3,2-b]thiophene and D2 =selenopheno[3,2-b]thiophene) fused-core but have different unidirectional sidechain on D1 side, allowing fine-tuned molecular properties, such as intermolecular interaction, packing pattern, and crystallinity. Among the binary blends, the PM6 : bi-asy-YC12 one has better morphology with appropriate phase separation and higher order packing than the PM6 : asy-YC9 and PM6 : bi-asy-YC11 ones. Therefore, the PM6 : bi-asy-YC12-based OSCs offer a higher PCE of 17.16 % with both high Voc and Jsc , due to the reduced Eloss and efficient charge transfer properties. Inspired by the high Voc and strong NIR-absorption, bi-asy-YC12 is introduced into efficient binary PM6 : L8-BO to construct ternary OSCs. Thanks to the broadened absorption, optimized morphology, and furtherly minimized Eloss , the PM6 : L8-BO : bi-asy-YC12-based OSCs achieve a champion PCE of 19.23 %, which is one of the highest efficiencies among these annealing-free devices. Our developed unidirectional sidechain engineering for constructing bi-asymmetric Y-series acceptors provides an approach to boost PCE of OSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qunping Fan
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Ruijie Ma
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Research Institute for Smart Energy (RISE), Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao (GHM) Joint Laboratory for Photonic-Thermal-Electrical Energy Materials and Devices, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Jie Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Jingshun Gao
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 451191, China
| | - Hairui Bai
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Wenyan Su
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, 710054, China
| | - Zezhou Liang
- Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education & Shaanxi, Key Lab of Photonic Technique for Information, School of Electronics Science & Engineering, Faculty of Electronic and Information Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Yue Wu
- Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Novel Semiconductor-Optoelectronics Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Lingxiao Tang
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Yuxiang Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, 710054, China
| | - Qiang Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Kun Wang
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 451191, China
| | - Lihe Yan
- Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education & Shaanxi, Key Lab of Photonic Technique for Information, School of Electronics Science & Engineering, Faculty of Electronic and Information Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology (IFM), Linköping University, 58183, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Feng Gao
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology (IFM), Linköping University, 58183, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Research Institute for Smart Energy (RISE), Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao (GHM) Joint Laboratory for Photonic-Thermal-Electrical Energy Materials and Devices, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Wei Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
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17
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Wu G, Xu X, Liao C, Yu L, Li R, Peng Q. Improving Cooperative Interactions Between Halogenated Aromatic Additives and Aromatic Side Chain Acceptors for Realizing 19.22% Efficiency Polymer Solar Cells. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2302127. [PMID: 37116119 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202302127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Processing additive plays an important role in the standard operation procedures for fabricating top performing polymer solar cells (PSCs) through efficient interactions with key photovoltaic materials. However, improving interaction study of acceptor materials to high performance halogenated aromatic additives such as diiodobenzene (DIB) is a widely neglected route for molecular engineering toward more efficient device performances. In this work, two novel Y-type acceptor molecules of BTP-TT and BTP-TTS with different aromatic side chains on the outer positions are designed and synthesized. The resulting aromatic side chains significantly enhanced the interactions between the acceptor molecules and DIB through an arene/halogenated arene interaction, which improved the crystallinity of the acceptor molecules and induced a polymorph with better photovoltaic performances. Thus, high power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of 18.04% and 19.22% are achieved in binary and ternary blend devices using BTP-TTS as acceptor and DIB as additive. Aromatic side chain engineering for improving additive interactions is proved to be an effective strategy for achieving much higher performance photovoltaic materials and devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guowei Wu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology of Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, P. R. China
| | - Xiaopeng Xu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology of Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, P. R. China
| | - Chentong Liao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology of Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, P. R. China
| | - Liyang Yu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology of Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, P. R. China
| | - Ruipeng Li
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Lab, Suffolk, Upton, NY, 11973, USA
| | - Qiang Peng
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology of Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, P. R. China
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18
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Zheng Y, Zhao J, Liang H, Zhao Z, Kan Z. Double-Dipole Induced by Incorporating Nitrogen-Bromine Hybrid Cathode Interlayers Leads to Suppressed Current Leakage and Enhanced Charge Extraction in Non-Fullerene Organic Solar Cells. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2302460. [PMID: 37401166 PMCID: PMC10502809 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202302460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
The cathode interlayer plays a vital role in organic solar cells, which can modify the work function of electrodes, lower the electron extraction barriers, smooth the surface of the active layer, and remove solvent residuals. However, the development of organic cathode interlayer lags behind the rapidly improved organic solar cells because their intrinsic high surface tension can lead to poor contact with the active layers. Herein, a double-dipole strategy is proposed to enhance the properties of organic cathode interlayers, which is induced by incorporating nitrogen- and bromine-containing interlayer materials. To verify this approach, the state-of-the-art active layer composed of PM6:Y6 and two prototypical cathode interlayer materials, PDIN and PFN-Br is selected. Using the cathode interlayer PDIN: PFN-Br (0.9:0.1, in wt.%) in the devices can reduce the electrode work function, suppress the dark current leakage, and improve charge extractions, leading to enhanced short circuit current density and fill factor. The bromine ions tend to break from PFN-Br and form a new chemical bond with the silver electrode, which can adsorb extra dipoles directed from the interlayer to silver. These findings on the double-dipole strategy provide insights into the hybrid cathode interlayers for efficient non-fullerene organic solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangchao Zheng
- Center on Nanoenergy ResearchGuangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Blue Energy and Systems IntegrationCarbon Peak and Neutrality Science and Technology Development InstituteSchool of Physical Science & TechnologyGuangxi UniversityNanning530004China
| | - Jingjing Zhao
- Center on Nanoenergy ResearchGuangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Blue Energy and Systems IntegrationCarbon Peak and Neutrality Science and Technology Development InstituteSchool of Physical Science & TechnologyGuangxi UniversityNanning530004China
| | - Huanpeng Liang
- Center on Nanoenergy ResearchGuangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Blue Energy and Systems IntegrationCarbon Peak and Neutrality Science and Technology Development InstituteSchool of Physical Science & TechnologyGuangxi UniversityNanning530004China
| | - Zhenmin Zhao
- Center on Nanoenergy ResearchGuangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Blue Energy and Systems IntegrationCarbon Peak and Neutrality Science and Technology Development InstituteSchool of Physical Science & TechnologyGuangxi UniversityNanning530004China
| | - Zhipeng Kan
- Center on Nanoenergy ResearchGuangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Blue Energy and Systems IntegrationCarbon Peak and Neutrality Science and Technology Development InstituteSchool of Physical Science & TechnologyGuangxi UniversityNanning530004China
- State Key Laboratory of Featured Metal Materials and Life‐cycle Safety for Composite StructuresNanning530004China
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19
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Zhang Y, He Y, Zeng L, Lüer L, Deng W, Chen Y, Zhou J, Wang Z, Brabec CJ, Wu H, Xie Z, Duan C. Unraveling the Role of Non-Fullerene Acceptor with High Dielectric Constant in Organic Solar Cells. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023:e2302314. [PMID: 37191278 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202302314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Increasing the relative dielectric constant is a constant pursuit of organic semiconductors, but it often leads to multiple changes in device characteristics, hindering the establishment of a reliable relationship between dielectric constant and photovoltaic performance. Herein, a new non-fullerene acceptor named BTP-OE is reported by replacing the branched alkyl chains on Y6-BO with branched oligoethylene oxide chains. This replacement successfully increases the relative dielectric constant from 3.28 to 4.62. To surprise, BTP-OE offers consistently lower device performance relative to Y6-BO in organic solar cells (16.27% vs 17.44%) due to the losses in open-circuit voltage and fill factor. Further investigations unravel that BTP-OE has resulted in reduced electron mobility, increased trap density, enhanced first order recombination, and enlarged energetic disorder. These results demonstrate the complex relationship between dielectric constant and device performance, which provide valuable implications for the development of organic semiconductors with high dielectric constant for photovoltaic application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhang
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Yakun He
- Institute of Materials for Electronics and Energy Technology (i-MEET), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Martensstrasse 7, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Liang Zeng
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Larry Lüer
- Institute of Materials for Electronics and Energy Technology (i-MEET), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Martensstrasse 7, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Wanyuan Deng
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Yuting Chen
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Jiadong Zhou
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Zhiqiang Wang
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Christoph J Brabec
- Institute of Materials for Electronics and Energy Technology (i-MEET), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Martensstrasse 7, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Hongbin Wu
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Zengqi Xie
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Chunhui Duan
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
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20
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Busireddy MR, Huang SC, Su YJ, Lee ZY, Wang CH, Scharber MC, Chen JT, Hsu CS. Eco-Friendly Solvent-Processed Dithienosilicon-Bridged Carbazole-Based Small-Molecule Acceptors Achieved over 25.7% PCE in Ternary Devices under Indoor Conditions. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:24658-24669. [PMID: 37186869 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c02966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Terminal acceptor atoms and side-chain functionalization play a vital role in the construction of efficient nonfullerene small-molecule acceptors (NF-SMAs) for AM1.5G/indoor organic photovoltaic (OPV) applications. In this work, we report three dithienosilicon-bridged carbazole-based (DTSiC) ladder-type (A-DD'D-A) NF-SMAs for AM1.5G/indoor OPVs. First, we synthesize DTSiC-4F and DTSiC-2M, which are composed of a fused DTSiC-based central core with difluorinated 1,1-dicyanomethylene-3-indanone (2F-IC) and methylated IC (M-IC) end groups, respectively. Then, alkoxy chains are introduced in the fused carbazole backbone of DTSiC-4F to form DTSiCODe-4F. From solution to film absorption, DTSiC-4F exhibits a bathochromic shift with strong π-π interactions, which improves the short-circuit current density (Jsc) and the fill factor (FF). On the other hand, DTSiC-2M and DTSiCODe-4F display up-shifting lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) energy levels, which enhances the open-circuit voltage (Voc). As a result, under both AM1.5G/indoor conditions, the devices based on PM7:DTSiC-4F, PM7:DTSiC-2M, and PM7:DTSiCOCe-4F show power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of 13.13/21.80%, 8.62/20.02, and 9.41/20.56%, respectively. Furthermore, the addition of a third component to the active layer of binary devices is also a simple and efficient strategy to achieve higher photovoltaic efficiencies. Therefore, the conjugated polymer donor PTO2 is introduced into the PM7:DTSiC-4F active layer because of the hypsochromically shifted complementary absorption, deep highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) energy level, good miscibility with PM7 and DTSiC-4F, and optimal film morphology. The resulting ternary OSC device based on PTO2:PM7:DTSiC-4F can improve exciton generation, phase separation, charge transport, and charge extraction. As a consequence, the PTO2:PM7:DTSiC-4F-based ternary device achieves an outstanding PCE of 13.33/25.70% under AM1.5G/indoor conditions. As far as we know, the obtained PCE results under indoor conditions are one of the best binary/ternary-based systems processed from eco-friendly solvents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manohar Reddy Busireddy
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001 University Rood, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
- Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001 University Rood, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Ci Huang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001 University Rood, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
- Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001 University Rood, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Jia Su
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001 University Rood, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
- Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001 University Rood, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Ze-Ye Lee
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001 University Rood, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
- Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001 University Rood, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Chuan-Hsin Wang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001 University Rood, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
- Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001 University Rood, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Markus C Scharber
- Linz Institute of Organic Solar Cells (LIOS), Institute of Physical Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenbergerstrasse 69, 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Jiun-Tai Chen
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001 University Rood, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
- Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001 University Rood, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Chain-Shu Hsu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001 University Rood, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
- Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001 University Rood, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
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21
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Pang B, Liao C, Xu X, Yu L, Li R, Peng Q. Benzo[d]thiazole Based Wide Bandgap Donor Polymers Enable 19.54% Efficiency Organic Solar Cells Along with Desirable Batch-to-Batch Reproducibility and General Applicability. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2300631. [PMID: 36870079 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202300631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The limited selection pool of high-performance wide bandgap (WBG) polymer donors is a bottleneck problem of the nonfullerene acceptor (NFA) based organic solar cells (OSCs) that impedes the further improvement of their photovoltaic performances. Herein, a series of new WBG polymers, namely PH-BTz, PS-BTz, PF-BTz, and PCl-BTz, are developed by using the bicyclic difluoro-benzo[d]thiazole (BTz) as the acceptor block and benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b']dithiophene (BDT) derivatives as the donor units. By introducing S, F, and Cl atoms to the alkylthienyl sidechains on BDT, the resulting polymers exhibit lowered energy levels and enhanced aggregation properties. The fluorinated PBTz-F not only exhibits a low-lying HOMO level, but also has stronger face-on packing order and results in more uniform fibril-like interpenetrating networks in the related PF-BTz:L8-BO blend. A high-power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 18.57% is achieved. Moreover, PBTz-F also exhibits a good batch-to-batch reproducibility and general applicability. In addition, ternary blend OSCs based on the host PBTz-F:L8-BO blend and PM6 guest donor exhibits a further enhanced PCE of 19.54%, which is among the highest values of OSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Pang
- School of Chemical Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, P. R. China
| | - Chentong Liao
- School of Chemical Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, P. R. China
| | - Xiaopeng Xu
- School of Chemical Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, P. R. China
| | - Liyang Yu
- School of Chemical Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, P. R. China
| | - Ruipeng Li
- National Synchrotron Light Source II Brookhaven National Lab, Suffolk, Upton, NY, 11973, USA
| | - Qiang Peng
- School of Chemical Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, P. R. China
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22
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Gokulnath T, Kim J, Kim H, Park J, Song D, Park HY, Kumaresan R, Kim YY, Yoon J, Jin SH. Finely Tuned Molecular Packing Realized by a New Rhodanine-Based Acceptor Enabling Excellent Additive-Free Small- and Large-Area Organic Photovoltaic Devices Approaching 19 and 12.20% Efficiencies. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:19307-19318. [PMID: 37016485 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c01121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
A new nonfullerene acceptor (NFA), BTA-ERh, was synthesized and integrated into a PM6:Y7:PC71BM ternary system to regulate the blend film morphology for enhanced device performance. Due to BTA-ERh's good miscibility with host active blend films, an optimized film morphology was obtained with appropriate phase separation and fine-tuning of film crystallinity, which ultimately resulted in efficient exciton dissociation, charge transport, lower recombination loss, and decreased trap-state density. The resulting additive-free quaternary devices achieved a remarkable efficiency of 18.90%, with a high voltage, fill factor, and current density of 0.87 V, 76.32%, and 28.60 mA cm-2, respectively. By adding less of a new small molecule with high crystallinity, the favorable nanomorphology shape of blend films containing NFAs might be adjusted. Consequently, this strategy can enhance photovoltaic device performance for cutting-edge NFA-based organic solar cells (OSCs). In contrast, the additive-free OSCs exhibited good operational stability. More importantly, large-area modules with the quaternary device showed a remarkable efficiency of 12.20%, with an area as high as 55 cm2 (substrate size, 100 cm2) in an air atmosphere via D-bar coating. These results highlight the enormous research potential for a multicomponent strategy for future additive-free OSC applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thavamani Gokulnath
- Department of Chemistry Education, Graduate Department of Chemical Materials, Institute for Plastic Information and Energy Materials, Sustainable Utilization of Photovoltaic Energy Research Center (ERC), Pusan National University, Busandaehakro 63-2, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeonghyeon Kim
- Department of Chemistry Education, Graduate Department of Chemical Materials, Institute for Plastic Information and Energy Materials, Sustainable Utilization of Photovoltaic Energy Research Center (ERC), Pusan National University, Busandaehakro 63-2, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyerin Kim
- Department of Chemistry Education, Graduate Department of Chemical Materials, Institute for Plastic Information and Energy Materials, Sustainable Utilization of Photovoltaic Energy Research Center (ERC), Pusan National University, Busandaehakro 63-2, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeonghyeon Park
- Department of Chemistry Education, Graduate Department of Chemical Materials, Institute for Plastic Information and Energy Materials, Sustainable Utilization of Photovoltaic Energy Research Center (ERC), Pusan National University, Busandaehakro 63-2, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Donghyun Song
- Department of Chemistry Education, Graduate Department of Chemical Materials, Institute for Plastic Information and Energy Materials, Sustainable Utilization of Photovoltaic Energy Research Center (ERC), Pusan National University, Busandaehakro 63-2, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho-Yeol Park
- Department of Chemistry Education, Graduate Department of Chemical Materials, Institute for Plastic Information and Energy Materials, Sustainable Utilization of Photovoltaic Energy Research Center (ERC), Pusan National University, Busandaehakro 63-2, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Raja Kumaresan
- Department of Chemistry Education, Graduate Department of Chemical Materials, Institute for Plastic Information and Energy Materials, Sustainable Utilization of Photovoltaic Energy Research Center (ERC), Pusan National University, Busandaehakro 63-2, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Yong Kim
- Beamline Division, Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinhwan Yoon
- Department of Chemistry Education, Graduate Department of Chemical Materials, Institute for Plastic Information and Energy Materials, Sustainable Utilization of Photovoltaic Energy Research Center (ERC), Pusan National University, Busandaehakro 63-2, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Ho Jin
- Department of Chemistry Education, Graduate Department of Chemical Materials, Institute for Plastic Information and Energy Materials, Sustainable Utilization of Photovoltaic Energy Research Center (ERC), Pusan National University, Busandaehakro 63-2, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
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