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Liu C, Wang Z, Wang Q, Bai J, Wang H, Liu X. Fluorine-ion-regulated yolk-shell carbon-silicon anode material for high performance lithium ion batteries. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 668:666-677. [PMID: 38703514 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.04.208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
Silicon is considered as the next-generation anode material for lithium-ion batteries due to its high theoretical specific capacity and abundant crustal abundance. However, its poor electrical conductivity results in slow diffusion of lithium ions during battery operation. Simultaneously, the alloying process of silicon undergoes a 300 % volume change, leading to structural fractures in silicon during the cycling process. As a result, it loses contact with the current collector, continuously exposing active sites, and forming a sustained solid electrolyte interface (SEI) membrane. This paper presents the design of a fluorine-ion-regulated yolk-shell carbon-silicon anode material, highlighting the following advantages: (a) Alleviating volume changes through the design of a yolk-shell structure, thereby maintaining material structural integrity during cycling. (b) Carbon shell prevents silicon from coming into contact with the electrolyte, simultaneously improving silicon's electrical conductivity and increasing ion/electron conductivity. (c) Utilizing fluorine-ion interface modification to obtain an SEI membrane rich in fluorine components (such as LiF), thereby enhancing its long cycling performance. The F-Si@Void@C exhibits outstanding electrochemical performance, with a reversible capacity of 1166 mAh/g after 900 cycles at a current density of 0.5 A/g.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengxin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, PR China
| | - Zeping Wang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, PR China
| | - Qian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, PR China
| | - Jinbo Bai
- Laboratoire Mécanique des Sols, Structures et Matériaux (MSSMat), CNRS UMR 8579, Ecole CentraleSupélec, Université Paris-Saclay, 8-10 rue Joliot-Curie, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Hui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, PR China
| | - Xiaojie Liu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, PR China.
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2
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Cui M, Qin Y, Li Z, Zhao H, Liu L, Jiang Z, Cao Z, Zhao J, Mao B, Yu W, Su Y, Vasant Kumar R, Ding S, Qu Z, Xi K. Retarding anion migration for alleviating concentration polarization towards stable polymer lithium-metal batteries. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2024; 69:1706-1715. [PMID: 38616150 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2024.03.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Traditional dual-ion lithium salts have been widely used in solid polymer lithium-metal batteries (LMBs). Nevertheless, concentration polarization caused by uncontrolled migration of free anions has severely caused the growth of lithium dendrites. Although single-ion conductor polymers (SICP) have been developed to reduce concentration polarization, the poor ionic conductivity caused by low carrier concentration limits their application. Herein, a dual-salt quasi-solid polymer electrolyte (QSPE), containing the SICP network as a salt and traditional dual-ion lithium salt, is designed for retarding the movement of free anions and simultaneously providing sufficient effective carriers to alleviate concentration polarization. The dual salt network of this designed QSPE is prepared through in-situ crosslinking copolymerization of SICP monomer, regular ionic conductor, crosslinker with the presence of the dual-ion lithium salt, delivering a high lithium-ion transference number (0.75) and satisfactory ionic conductivity (1.16 × 10-3 S cm-1 at 30 °C). Comprehensive characterizations combined with theoretical calculation demonstrate that polyanions from SICP exerts a potential repulsive effect on the transport of free anions to reduce concentration polarization inhibiting lithium dendrites. As a consequence, the Li||LiFePO4 cell achieves a long-cycle stability for 2000 cycles and a 90% capacity retention at 30 °C. This work provides a new perspective for reducing concentration polarization and simultaneously enabling enough lithium-ions migration for high-performance polymer LMBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manying Cui
- School of Chemistry, Engineering Research Center of Energy Storage Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, National Innovation Platform (Center) for Industry-Education Integration of Energy Storage Technology, State Key Laboratory for Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Yanyang Qin
- School of Chemistry, Engineering Research Center of Energy Storage Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, National Innovation Platform (Center) for Industry-Education Integration of Energy Storage Technology, State Key Laboratory for Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Zhichao Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Thermo-Fluid Science and Engineering, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Hongyang Zhao
- School of Chemistry, Engineering Research Center of Energy Storage Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, National Innovation Platform (Center) for Industry-Education Integration of Energy Storage Technology, State Key Laboratory for Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Limin Liu
- School of Chemistry, Engineering Research Center of Energy Storage Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, National Innovation Platform (Center) for Industry-Education Integration of Energy Storage Technology, State Key Laboratory for Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Zhiyuan Jiang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Zhenjiang Cao
- School of Chemistry, Engineering Research Center of Energy Storage Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, National Innovation Platform (Center) for Industry-Education Integration of Energy Storage Technology, State Key Laboratory for Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Jianyun Zhao
- School of Chemistry, Engineering Research Center of Energy Storage Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, National Innovation Platform (Center) for Industry-Education Integration of Energy Storage Technology, State Key Laboratory for Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Boyang Mao
- Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB30FA, UK
| | - Wei Yu
- School of Chemistry, Engineering Research Center of Energy Storage Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, National Innovation Platform (Center) for Industry-Education Integration of Energy Storage Technology, State Key Laboratory for Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Yaqiong Su
- School of Chemistry, Engineering Research Center of Energy Storage Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, National Innovation Platform (Center) for Industry-Education Integration of Energy Storage Technology, State Key Laboratory for Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - R Vasant Kumar
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB30FS, UK
| | - Shujiang Ding
- School of Chemistry, Engineering Research Center of Energy Storage Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, National Innovation Platform (Center) for Industry-Education Integration of Energy Storage Technology, State Key Laboratory for Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China.
| | - Zhiguo Qu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Thermo-Fluid Science and Engineering, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Kai Xi
- School of Chemistry, Engineering Research Center of Energy Storage Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, National Innovation Platform (Center) for Industry-Education Integration of Energy Storage Technology, State Key Laboratory for Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China.
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3
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Yu X, Chen M, Li Z, Tan X, Zhang H, Wang J, Tang Y, Xu J, Yin W, Yang Y, Chao D, Wang F, Zou Y, Feng G, Qiao Y, Zhou H, Sun SG. Unlocking Dynamic Solvation Chemistry and Hydrogen Evolution Mechanism in Aqueous Zinc Batteries. J Am Chem Soc 2024. [PMID: 38869216 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c02558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Understanding the interfacial hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is crucial to regulate the electrochemical behavior in aqueous zinc batteries. However, the mechanism of HER related to solvation chemistry remains elusive, especially the time-dependent dynamic evolution of the hydrogen bond (H-bond) under an electric field. Herein, we combine in situ spectroscopy with molecular dynamics simulation to unravel the dynamic evolution of the interfacial solvation structure. We find two critical change processes involving Zn-electroplating/stripping, including the initial electric double layer establishment to form an H2O-rich interface (abrupt change) and the subsequent dynamic evolution of an H-bond (gradual change). Moreover, the number of H-bonds increases, and their strength weakens in comparison with the bulk electrolyte under bias potential during Zn2+ desolvation, forming a diluted interface, resulting in massive hydrogen production. On the contrary, a concentrated interface (H-bond number decreases and strength enhances) is formed and produces a small amount of hydrogen during Zn2+ solvation. The insights on the above results contribute to deciphering the H-bond evolution with competition/corrosion HER during Zn-electroplating/stripping and clarifying the essence of electrochemical window widened and HER suppression by high concentration. This work presents a new strategy for aqueous electrolyte regulation by benchmarking the abrupt change of the interfacial state under an electric field as a zinc performance-enhancement criterion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Ming Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Zhengang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Xi Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Haitang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Junhao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Yonglin Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Juping Xu
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
- Spallation Neutron Source Science Center, Dongguan 523803, China
| | - Wen Yin
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
- Spallation Neutron Source Science Center, Dongguan 523803, China
| | - Yang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Dongliang Chao
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Materials Science, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yeguo Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Energy Materials of China (Tan Kah Kee Innovation Laboratory), Xiamen 361005, PR China
| | - Guang Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Yu Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Energy Materials of China (Tan Kah Kee Innovation Laboratory), Xiamen 361005, PR China
| | - Haoshen Zhou
- Center of Energy-storage Materials & Technology, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Shi-Gang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
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Huang A, Ma Z, Kumar P, Liang H, Cai T, Zhao F, Cao Z, Cavallo L, Li Q, Ming J. Low-Temperature and Fast-Charging Lithium Metal Batteries Enabled by Solvent-Solvent Interaction Mediated Electrolyte. NANO LETTERS 2024. [PMID: 38856230 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c01591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Lithium metal batteries utilizing lithium metal as the anode can achieve a greater energy density. However, it remains challenging to improve low-temperature performance and fast-charging features. Herein, we introduce an electrolyte solvation chemistry strategy to regulate the properties of ethylene carbonate (EC)-based electrolytes through intermolecular interactions, utilizing weakly solvated fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) to replace EC, and incorporating the low-melting-point solvent 1,2-difluorobenzene (2FB) as a diluent. We identified that the intermolecular interaction between 2FB and solvent can facilitate Li+ desolvation and lower the freezing point of the electrolyte effectively. The resulting electrolyte enables the LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2||Li cell to operate at -30 °C for more than 100 cycles while delivering a high capacity of 154 mAh g-1 at 5.0C. We present a solvation structure and interfacial model to analyze the behavior of the formulated electrolyte composition, establishing a relationship with cell performance and also providing insights for the electrolyte design under extreme conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Zheng Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China
| | - Pushpendra Kumar
- School of Physical Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Honghong Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Tao Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Fei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Zhen Cao
- KAUST Catalysis Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Luigi Cavallo
- KAUST Catalysis Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Qian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China
| | - Jun Ming
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
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Fu Y, Sun J, Zhang Y, Qu W, Wang W, Yao M, Zhang Y, Wang Q, Tang Y. Revealing Na +-coordination induced Failure Mechanism of Metal Sulfide Anode for Sodium Ion Batteries. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024:e202403463. [PMID: 38661020 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202403463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Metal sulfide (MS) is regarded as a promising candidate of the anode materials for sodium-ion battery (SIB) with ideal capacity and low cost, yet still suffers from the inferior cycling stability and voltage degradation. Herein, the coordination relationship between the discharge product Na2S with the Na+ (NaPF6) in the electrolyte, is revealed as the root cause for the cycling failure of MS. Na+-coordination effect assistants the dissolution of Na2S, further delocalizing Na2S from the reaction interface under the function of electric field, which leads to the solo oxidation of the discharge product element metal without the participation of Na2S. Besides, the higher highest occupied molecular orbital of Na2S suggest the facilitated Na2S solo oxidation to produce sodium polysulfides (NaPSs). Based on these, lowering the Na+ concentration of the electrolyte is proposed as a potential improvement strategy to change the coordination environment of Na2S, suppressing the side reactions of the solo-oxidation of element metal and Na2S. Consequently, the enhanced conversion reaction reversibility and prolonged cycle life are achieved. This work renders in-depth perception of failure mechanism and inspiration for realizing advanced conversion-type anode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yucheng Fu
- Department of Advanced Energy Materials College of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 61006, P. R. China
| | - Jun Sun
- Department Clean Nano Energy Center, State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, 066004, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology (MMST), Hebei Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, 066004, P. R. China
| | - Yunsheng Zhang
- Department of Advanced Energy Materials College of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 61006, P. R. China
| | - Wei Qu
- Department of Advanced Energy Materials College of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 61006, P. R. China
| | - Weichao Wang
- Department of Advanced Energy Materials College of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 61006, P. R. China
| | - Meng Yao
- Department of Advanced Energy Materials College of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 61006, P. R. China
- Engineering Research Center of Alternative Energy Materials & Devices, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 61006, P. R. China
| | - Yun Zhang
- Department of Advanced Energy Materials College of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 61006, P. R. China
- Engineering Research Center of Alternative Energy Materials & Devices, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 61006, P. R. China
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Advanced Energy Materials College of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 61006, P. R. China
- Engineering Research Center of Alternative Energy Materials & Devices, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 61006, P. R. China
| | - Yongfu Tang
- Department Clean Nano Energy Center, State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, 066004, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology (MMST), Hebei Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, 066004, P. R. China
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Yue L, Yu M, Li X, Shen Y, Wu Y, Fa C, Li N, Xu J. Wide Temperature Electrolytes for Lithium Batteries: Solvation Chemistry and Interfacial Reactions. SMALL METHODS 2024:e2400183. [PMID: 38647122 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202400183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Improving the wide-temperature operation of rechargeable batteries is crucial for boosting the adoption of electric vehicles and further advancing their application scope in harsh environments like deep ocean and space probes. Herein, recent advances in electrolyte solvation chemistry are critically summarized, aiming to address the long-standing challenge of notable energy diminution at sub-zero temperatures and rapid capacity degradation at elevated temperatures (>45°C). This review provides an in-depth analysis of the fundamental mechanisms governing the Li-ion transport process, illustrating how these insights have been effectively harnessed to synergize with high-capacity, high-rate electrodes. Another critical part highlights the interplay between solvation chemistry and interfacial reactions, as well as the stability of the resultant interphases, particularly in batteries employing ultrahigh-nickel layered oxides as cathodes and high-capacity Li/Si materials as anodes. The detailed examination reveals how these factors are pivotal in mitigating the rapid capacity fade, thereby ensuring a long cycle life, superior rate capability, and consistent high-/low-temperature performance. In the latter part, a comprehensive summary of in situ/operational analysis is presented. This holistic approach, encompassing innovative electrolyte design, interphase regulation, and advanced characterization, offers a comprehensive roadmap for advancing battery technology in extreme environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liguo Yue
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Manqing Yu
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Xiangrong Li
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Yinlin Shen
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Yingru Wu
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Chang Fa
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Nan Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Jijian Xu
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
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Qin M, Zeng Z, Cheng S, Xie J. Two-Dimensional Electrolyte Design: Broadening the Horizons of Functional Electrolytes in Lithium Batteries. Acc Chem Res 2024; 57:1163-1173. [PMID: 38556989 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.4c00022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
ConspectusSince their commercialization in the 1990s, lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have been increasingly used in applications such as portable electronics, electric vehicles, and large-scale energy storage. The increasing use of LIBs in modern society has necessitated superior-performance LIB development, including electrochemical reversibility, interfacial stability, efficient kinetics, environmental adaptability, and intrinsic safety, which is difficult to simultaneously achieve in commercialized electrolytes. Current electrolyte systems contain a solution with Li salts (e.g., LiPF6) and solvents (e.g., ethylene carbonate and dimethyl carbonate), in which the latter dissolves Li salts and strongly interacts with Li+ (lithiophilic feature). Only lithiophilic agents can be functionally modified (e.g., additives and solvents), altering the bulk and interfacial behaviors of Li+ solvates. However, such approaches alter pristine Li+ solvation and electrochemical processes, making it difficult to strike a balance between the electrochemical performance and other desired electrolyte functions. This common electrolyte design in lithiophilic solvents shows strong coupling among formulation, coordination, electrochemistry, and electrolyte function. The invention of lithiophobic cosolvents (e.g., multifluorinated ether and fluoroaromatic hydrocarbons) has expanded the electrolyte design space to lithiophilic (interacts with Li+) and lithiophobic (interacts with solvents but not with Li+) dimensions. Functional modifications switch to lithiophobic cosolvents, affording superior properties (carried by lithiophobic cosolvents) with little impact on primary Li+ solvation (dictated by lithiophilic solvents). This electrolyte engineering technique based on lithiophobic cosolvents is the 2D electrolyte (TDE) principle, which decouples formulation, coordination, electrochemistry, and function. The molecular-scale understanding of TDEs is expected to accelerate electrolyte innovations in next-generation LIBs.This Account provides insights into recent advancements in electrolytes for superior LIBs from the perspective of lithiophobic agents (i.e., lithiophobic additives and cosolvents), establishing a generalized TDE principle for functional electrolyte design. In bulk electrolytes, a microsolvating competition emerges because of cosolvent-induced dipole-dipole and ion-dipole interactions, forming a loose solvation shell and a kinetically favorable electrolyte. At the electrode/electrolyte interface, the lithiophobic cosolvent affords reliable passivation and efficient desolvation, with interfacial compatibility and electrochemical reversibility even under harsh conditions. Based on this unique coordination chemistry, functional electrolytes are formulated without significantly sacrificing their electrochemical performance. First, lithiophobic cosolvents are used to tune Li+-solvent affinity and anion mobility, promoting Li+ diffusion and electrochemical kinetics of the electrolyte to benefit high-rate and low-temperature applications. Second, the lithiophobic cosolvent undergoes less thermally induced decomposition and constructs a thermally stable interphase in TDEs, affording electrolytes with high-temperature adaptability and cycling stability. Third, the lithiophobic cosolvent modifies the local Li+-solvent-anion topography, controlling electrolyte electrochemical reversibility to afford numerous promising solvents that cannot be used in common electrolyte design. Finally, the lithiophobic cosolvent mitigates detrimental crosstalk between flame retardants and carbonate solvents, improving the intrinsic electrolyte safety without compromising electrochemical performance, which broadens the horizons of electrolyte design by optimizing versatile cosolvents and solvents, inspiring new ideas in liquid electrochemistry in other battery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingsheng Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Technology, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, Hubei P. R. China
| | - Ziqi Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Technology, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Shijie Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Technology, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Jia Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Technology, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, P. R. China
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Fang H, Huang Y, Hu W, Song Z, Wei X, Geng J, Jiang Z, Qu H, Chen J, Li F. Regulating Ion-Dipole Interactions in Weakly Solvating Electrolyte towards Ultra-Low Temperature Sodium-Ion Batteries. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202400539. [PMID: 38332434 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202400539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) are recognized as promising energy storage devices. However, they suffer from rapid capacity decay at ultra-low temperatures due to high Na+ desolvation energy barrier and unstable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI). Herein, a weakly solvating electrolyte (WSE) with decreased ion-dipole interactions is designed for stable sodium storage in hard carbon (HC) anode at ultra-low temperatures. 2-methyltetrahydrofuran with low solvating power is incorporated into tetrahydrofuran to regulate the interactions between Na+ and solvents. The reduced Na+-dipole interactions facilitate more anionic coordination in the first solvation sheath, which consistently maintains anion-enhanced solvation structures from room to low temperatures to promote inorganic-rich SEI formation. These enable WSE with a low freezing point of -83.3 °C and faster Na+ desolvation kinetics. The HC anode thus affords reversible capacities of 243.2 and 205.4 mAh g-1 at 50 mA g-1 at -40 and -60 °C, respectively, and the full cell of HC||Na3V2(PO4)3 yields an extended lifespan over 250 cycles with high capacity retention of ~100 % at -40 °C. This work sheds new lights on the ion-dipole regulation for ultra-low temperature SIBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hengyi Fang
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Power Sources, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Yaohui Huang
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Power Sources, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Wei Hu
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Power Sources, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Zihao Song
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Power Sources, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Xiangshuai Wei
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Power Sources, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Jiarun Geng
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Power Sources, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Zhuoliang Jiang
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Power Sources, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Heng Qu
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Power Sources, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Power Sources, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Fujun Li
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Power Sources, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin, 300192, China
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9
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Li Y, Ding F, Shao Y, Wang H, Guo X, Liu C, Sui X, Sun G, Zhou J, Wang Z. Solvation Structure and Derived Interphase Tuning for High-Voltage Ni-Rich Lithium Metal Batteries with High Safety Using Gem-Difluorinated Ionic Liquid Based Dual-Salt Electrolytes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202317148. [PMID: 38169131 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202317148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Revised: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Stabilizing electrolytes for high-voltage lithium metal batteries (LMBs) is crucial yet challenging, as they need to ensure stability against both Li anodes and high-voltage cathodes (above 4.5 V versus Li/Li+ ), addressing issues like poor cycling and thermal runaway. Herein, a novel gem-difluorinated skeleton of ionic liquid (IL) is designed and synthesized, and its non-flammable electrolytes successfully overcome aforementioned challenges. By creatively using dual salts, fluorinated ionic liquid and dimethyl carbonate as a co-solvent, the solvation structure of Li+ ions is efficiently controlled through electrostatic and weak interactions that are well unveiled and illuminated via nuclear magnetic resonance spectra. The as-prepared electrolytes exhibit high security avoiding thermal runaway and show excellent compatibility with high-voltage cathodes. Besides, the solvation structure derives a robust and stable F-rich interphase, resulting in high reversibility and Li-dendrite prevention. LiNi0.6 Co0.2 Mn0.2 O2 /Li LMBs (4.5 V) demonstrate excellent long-term stability with a high average Coulombic efficiency (CE) of at least 99.99 % and a good capacity retention of 90.4 % over 300 cycles, even can work at a higher voltage of 4.7 V. Furthermore, the ultrahigh Ni-rich LiNi0.88 Co0.09 Mn0.03 O2 /Li system also delivers excellent electrochemical performance, highlighting the significance of fluorinated IL-based electrolyte design and enhanced interphasial chemistry in improving battery performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixing Li
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518071, China
- College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Fangwei Ding
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518071, China
- College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Yueyue Shao
- State Key Lab of Urban Water Resource and Environment School of Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, State Key Laboratory of Space Power-Sources, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, No. 92 West-Da Zhi Street, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Hongyu Wang
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, State Key Laboratory of Space Power-Sources, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, No. 92 West-Da Zhi Street, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Xiaolong Guo
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518071, China
| | - Chang Liu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518071, China
- College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Xulei Sui
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518071, China
- College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Gang Sun
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518071, China
- College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Jia Zhou
- State Key Lab of Urban Water Resource and Environment School of Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, State Key Laboratory of Space Power-Sources, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, No. 92 West-Da Zhi Street, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Zhenbo Wang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518071, China
- College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, State Key Laboratory of Space Power-Sources, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, No. 92 West-Da Zhi Street, Harbin, 150001, China
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10
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Xu J, Koverga V, Phan A, Min Li A, Zhang N, Baek M, Jayawardana C, Lucht BL, Ngo AT, Wang C. Revealing the Anion-Solvent Interaction for Ultralow Temperature Lithium Metal Batteries. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2306462. [PMID: 38013502 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202306462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Anion solvation in electrolytes can largely change the electrochemical performance of the electrolytes, yet has been rarely investigated. Herein, three anions of bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (TFSI), bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (FSI), and derived asymmetric (fluorosulfonyl)(trifluoro-methanesulfonyl)imide (FTFSI) are systematically examined in a weakly Li+ cation solvating solvent of bis(3-fluoropropyl)ether (BFPE). In-situ liquid secondary ion mass spectrometry demonstrates that FTFSI- and FSI- anions are associated with BFPE solvent, while weak TFSI- /BFPE cluster signals are detected. Molecular modeling further reveals that the anion-solvent interaction is accompanied by the formation of H-bonding-like interactions. Anion solvation enhances the Li+ cation transfer number and reduces the organic component in solid electrolyte interphase, which enhances the Li plating/stripping Coulombic efficiency at a low temperature of -30 °C from 42.4% in TFSI-based electrolytes to 98.7% in 1.5 m LiFTFSI and 97.9% in LiFSI-BFPE electrolytes. The anion-solvent interactions, especially asymmetric anion solvation also accelerate the Li+ desolvation kinetics. The 1.5 m LiFTFSI-BFPE electrolyte with strong anion-solvent interaction enables LiNi0.8 Mn0.1 Co0.1 O2 (NMC811)||Li (20 µm) full cell with stable cyclability even under -40 °C, retaining over 92% of initial capacity (115 mAh g-1 , after 100 cycles). The anion-solvent interactions insights allow to rational design the electrolyte for lithium metal batteries and beyond to achieve high performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jijian Xu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Volodymyr Koverga
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60608, USA
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, 60439, USA
| | - An Phan
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Ai Min Li
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Nan Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Minsung Baek
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Chamithri Jayawardana
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island, 02881, USA
| | - Brett L Lucht
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island, 02881, USA
| | - Anh T Ngo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60608, USA
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, 60439, USA
| | - Chunsheng Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
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11
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Yang XT, Han C, Xie YM, Fang R, Zheng S, Tian JH, Lin XM, Zhang H, Mao BW, Gu Y, Wang YH, Li JF. Highly Stable Lithium Metal Batteries Enabled by Tuning the Molecular Polarity of Diluents in Localized High-Concentration Electrolytes. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2311393. [PMID: 38287737 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202311393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
Electrolyte plays a crucial role in ensuring stable operation of lithium metal batteries (LMBs). Localized high-concentration electrolytes (LHCEs) have the potential to form a robust solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI) and mitigate Li dendrite growth, making them a highly promising electrolyte option. However, the principles governing the selection of diluents, a crucial component in LHCE, have not been clearly determined, hampering the advancement of such a type of electrolyte systems. Herein, the diluents from the perspective of molecular polarity are rationally designed and developed. A moderately fluorinated solvent, 1-(1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethoxy)propane (TNE), is employed as a diluent to create a novel LHCE. The unique molecular structure of TNE enhances the intrinsic dipole moment, thereby altering solvent interactions and the coordination environment of Li-ions in LHCE. The achieved solvation structure not only enhances the bulk properties of LHCE, but also facilitates the formation of more stable anion-derived SEIs featured with a higher proportion of inorganic species. Consequently, the corresponding full cells of both Li||LiFePO4 and Li||LiNi0.8 Co0.1 Mn0.1 O2 cells utilizing Li thin-film anodes exhibit extended long-term stability with significantly improved average Coulombic efficiency. This work offers new insights into the functions of diluents in LHCEs and provides direction for further optimizing the LHCEs for LMBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Tao Yang
- College of Materials, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, iChEM, College of Energy, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Chong Han
- College of Materials, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, iChEM, College of Energy, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Yi-Meng Xie
- College of Materials, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, iChEM, College of Energy, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Rong Fang
- College of Materials, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, iChEM, College of Energy, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Shisheng Zheng
- College of Materials, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, iChEM, College of Energy, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Jing-Hua Tian
- Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM), Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Xiu-Mei Lin
- Department of Chemistry and Environment Science, Fujian Province University Key Laboratory of Analytical Science, Minnan Normal University, Zhangzhou, 363000, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- College of Materials, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, iChEM, College of Energy, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Bing-Wei Mao
- College of Materials, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, iChEM, College of Energy, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Yu Gu
- College of Materials, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, iChEM, College of Energy, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Yao-Hui Wang
- College of Materials, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, iChEM, College of Energy, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Jian-Feng Li
- College of Materials, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, iChEM, College of Energy, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
- Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM), Xiamen, 361005, China
- Department of Chemistry and Environment Science, Fujian Province University Key Laboratory of Analytical Science, Minnan Normal University, Zhangzhou, 363000, China
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12
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Liu X, Mariani A, Diemant T, Di Pietro ME, Dong X, Mele A, Passerini S. Reinforcing the Electrode/Electrolyte Interphases of Lithium Metal Batteries Employing Locally Concentrated Ionic Liquid Electrolytes. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2309062. [PMID: 37956687 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202309062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Lithium metal batteries (LMBs) with nickel-rich cathodes are promising candidates for next-generation high-energy-density batteries, but the lack of sufficiently protective electrode/electrolyte interphases (EEIs) limits their cyclability. Herein, trifluoromethoxybenzene is proposed as a cosolvent for locally concentrated ionic liquid electrolytes (LCILEs) to reinforce the EEIs. With a comparative study of a neat ionic liquid electrolyte (ILE) and three LCILEs employing fluorobenzene, trifluoromethylbenzene, or trifluoromethoxybenzene as cosolvents, it is revealed that the fluorinated groups tethered to the benzene ring of the cosolvents not only affect the electrolytes' ionic conductivity and fluidity, but also the EEIs' composition via adjusting the contribution of the 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium cation (Emim+ ) and bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide anion. Trifluoromethoxybenzene, as the optimal cosolvent, leads to a stable cycling of LMBs employing 5 mAh cm-2 lithium metal anodes (LMAs), 21 mg cm-2 LiNi0.8 Co0.15 Al0.05 (NCA) cathodes, and 4.2 µL mAh-1 electrolytes for 150 cycles with a remarkable capacity retention of 71%, thanks to a solid electrolyte interphase rich in inorganic species on LMAs and, particularly, a uniform cathode/electrolyte interphase rich in Emim+ -derived species on NCA cathodes. By contrast, the capacity retention under the same condition is only 16%, 46%, and 18% for the neat ILE and the LCILEs based on fluorobenzene and benzotrifluoride, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Liu
- Helmholtz Institute Ulm (HIU), Helmholtzstraße 11, D-89081, Ulm, Germany
- Department of Chemistry and Biosciences, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), P.O. Box 3640, D-76021, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | | | - Thomas Diemant
- Helmholtz Institute Ulm (HIU), Helmholtzstraße 11, D-89081, Ulm, Germany
- Department of Chemistry and Biosciences, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), P.O. Box 3640, D-76021, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Maria Enrica Di Pietro
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, Milan, I-20133, Italy
| | - Xu Dong
- Helmholtz Institute Ulm (HIU), Helmholtzstraße 11, D-89081, Ulm, Germany
- Department of Chemistry and Biosciences, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), P.O. Box 3640, D-76021, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Andrea Mele
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, Milan, I-20133, Italy
| | - Stefano Passerini
- Helmholtz Institute Ulm (HIU), Helmholtzstraße 11, D-89081, Ulm, Germany
- Department of Chemistry and Biosciences, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), P.O. Box 3640, D-76021, Karlsruhe, Germany
- Chemistry Department, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, Rome, I-00185, Italy
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13
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Li M, An H, Song Y, Liu Q, Wang J, Huo H, Lou S, Wang J. Ion-Dipole-Interaction-Induced Encapsulation of Free Residual Solvent for Long-Cycle Solid-State Lithium Metal Batteries. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:25632-25642. [PMID: 37943571 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c07482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Owing to high ionic conductivity and mechanical strength, poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) electrolytes have attracted increasing attention for solid-state lithium batteries, but highly reactive residual solvents severely plague cycling stability. Herein, we report a free-solvent-capturing strategy triggered by reinforced ion-dipole interactions between Li+ and residual solvent molecules. Lithium difluoro(oxalato)borate (LiDFOB) salt additive with electron-withdrawing capability serves as a redistributor of the Li+ electropositive state, which offers more binding sites for residual solvents. Benefiting from the modified coordination environment, the kinetically stable anion-derived interphases are preferentially formed, effectively mitigating the interfacial side reactions between the electrodes and electrolytes. As a result, the assembled solid-state battery shows a lifetime of over 2000 cycles with an average Coulombic efficiency of 99.9% and capacity retention of 80%. Our discovery sheds fresh light on the targeted regulation of the reactive residual solvent to extend the cycle life of solid-state batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menglu Li
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
- State Key Laboratory of Space Power-Sources, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
- Chongqing Research Institute of HIT, Chongqing 401135, China
| | - Hanwen An
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
- State Key Laboratory of Space Power-Sources, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
- Chongqing Research Institute of HIT, Chongqing 401135, China
| | - Yajie Song
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
- State Key Laboratory of Space Power-Sources, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Qingsong Liu
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
- State Key Laboratory of Space Power-Sources, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
- Chongqing Research Institute of HIT, Chongqing 401135, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Canadian Light Source Inc., University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 2V3, Canada
| | - Hua Huo
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
- State Key Laboratory of Space Power-Sources, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Shuaifeng Lou
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
- State Key Laboratory of Space Power-Sources, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
- Chongqing Research Institute of HIT, Chongqing 401135, China
| | - Jiajun Wang
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
- State Key Laboratory of Space Power-Sources, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
- Chongqing Research Institute of HIT, Chongqing 401135, China
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14
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Gu Y, Yan H, Wang WW, Zhang XG, Yan J, Mao BW. Unraveling the Mechanism of Very Initial Dendritic Growth Under Lithium Ion Transport Control in Lithium Metal Anodes. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:9872-9879. [PMID: 37856869 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c02784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Lithium metal deposition is strongly affected by the intrinsic properties of the solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI) and working electrolyte, but a relevant understanding is far from complete. Here, by employing multiple electrochemical techniques and the design of SEI and electrolyte, we elucidate the electrochemistry of Li deposition under mass transport control. It is discovered that SEIs with a lower Li ion transference number and/or conductivity induce a distinctive current transition even under moderate potentiostatic polarization, which is associated with the control regime transition of Li ion transport from the SEI to the electrolyte. Furthermore, our findings help reveal the creation of a space-charge layer at the electrode/SEI interface due to the involvement of the diffusion process of Li ions through the SEI, which promotes the formation of dendrite embryos that develop and eventually trigger SEI breakage and the control regime transition of Li ion transport. Our insight into the very initial dendritic growth mechanism offers a bridge toward design and control for superior SEIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM), and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM), and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei-Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM), and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Xia-Guang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiawei Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM), and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing-Wei Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM), and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, People's Republic of China
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15
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Liu Y, Lin Y, Yang Z, Lin C, Zhang X, Chen S, Hu G, Sa B, Chen Y, Zhang Y. Stable Harsh-Temperature Lithium Metal Batteries Enabled by Tailoring Solvation Structure in Ether Electrolytes. ACS NANO 2023; 17:19625-19639. [PMID: 37819135 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c01895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
For lithium metal batteries (LMBs), the elevated operating temperature results in severe capacity fading and safety issues due to unstable electrode-electrolyte interphases and electrolyte solvation structures. Therefore, it is crucial to construct advanced electrolytes capable of tolerating harsh environments to ensure stable LMBs. Here, we proposed a stable localized high-concentration electrolyte (LHCE) by introducing the highly solvating power solvent diethylene glycol dimethyl ether (DGDME). Computational and experimental evidence discloses that the original DGDME-LHCE shows favorable features for high-temperature LMBs, including high Li+-binding stability, electro-oxidation resistance, thermal stability, and nonflammability. The tailored solvated sheath structure achieves the preferred decomposition of anions, inducing the stable (cathode and Li anode)/interphases simultaneously, which enables a homogeneous Li plating-stripping behavior on the anode side and a high-voltage tolerance on the cathode side. For the Li||Li cells coupled with DGDME-LHCE, they showcase outstanding reversibility (a long lifespan of exceeding 1900 h). We demonstrate exceptional cyclic stability (∼95.59%, 250 cycles), high Coulombic efficiency (>99.88%), and impressive high-voltage (4.5 V) and high-temperature (60 °C) performances in Li||NCM523 cells using DGDME-LHCE. Our advances shed light on an encouraging ether electrolyte tactic for the Li-metal batteries confronted with stringent high-temperature challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongchuan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials Chemistry and Physics, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 155 Yangqiao Road West, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuansheng Lin
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials Chemistry and Physics, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 155 Yangqiao Road West, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Eco-materials Advanced Technology, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhanlin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Eco-materials Advanced Technology, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, People's Republic of China
| | - Changxin Lin
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials Chemistry and Physics, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 155 Yangqiao Road West, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangxin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials Chemistry and Physics, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 155 Yangqiao Road West, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, People's Republic of China
| | - Sujing Chen
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials Chemistry and Physics, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 155 Yangqiao Road West, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, People's Republic of China
| | - Guolin Hu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials Chemistry and Physics, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 155 Yangqiao Road West, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Eco-materials Advanced Technology, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, People's Republic of China
| | - Baisheng Sa
- Key Laboratory of Eco-materials Advanced Technology, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanqiang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials Chemistry and Physics, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 155 Yangqiao Road West, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, People's Republic of China
| | - Yining Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials Chemistry and Physics, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 155 Yangqiao Road West, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, People's Republic of China
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16
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Liang H, Ma Z, Wang Y, Zhao F, Cao Z, Cavallo L, Li Q, Ming J. Solvent-Solvent Interaction Mediated Lithium-Ion (De)intercalation Chemistry in Propylene Carbonate Based Electrolytes for Lithium-Sulfur Batteries. ACS NANO 2023; 17:18062-18073. [PMID: 37703060 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c04790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
Reversible lithium-ion (de)intercalation in the carbon-based anodes using ethylene carbonate (EC) based electrolytes has enabled the commercialization of lithium-ion batteries, allowing them to dominate the energy storage markets for hand-held electronic devices and electric vehicles. However, this issue always fails in propylene carbonate (PC) based electrolytes due to the cointercalation of Li+-PC. Herein, we report that a reversible Li+ (de)intercalation could be achieved by tuning the solvent-solvent interaction in a PC-based electrolyte containing a fluoroether. We study the existence of such previously unknown interactions mainly by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, while the analysis reveals positive effects on the solvation structure and desolvation process. We have found that the fluoroether solvents interact with PC via their δ-F and δ+H atoms, respectively, leading to a reduced Li+-PC solvent interaction and effective Li+ desolvation followed by a successful Li+ intercalation at the graphite anodes. We also propose an interfacial model to interpret the varied electrolyte stability by the differences in the kinetic and thermodynamic properties of the Li+-solvent and Li+-solvent-anion complexes. Compared to the conventional strategies of tuning electrolyte concentration and/or adding additives, our discovery provides an opportunity to enhance the compatibility of PC-based electrolytes with the graphite anodes, which will enable the design of high-energy density batteries (e.g., Li-S battery) with better environmental adaptabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honghong Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Zheng Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuqi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Cao
- Materials Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Luigi Cavallo
- Materials Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Qian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Ming
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
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17
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Zhou P, Hou W, Xia Y, Ou Y, Zhou HY, Zhang W, Lu Y, Song X, Liu F, Cao Q, Liu H, Yan S, Liu K. Tuning and Balancing the Donor Number of Lithium Salts and Solvents for High-Performance Li Metal Anode. ACS NANO 2023; 17:17169-17179. [PMID: 37655688 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c05016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
The low reversibility of Li deposition/stripping in conventional carbonate electrolytes hinders the development of lithium metal batteries. Herein, we proposed a combination of solvents with a moderate donor number (DN) and LiNO3 as the sole salt, which has rarely been attempted due to its low solubility or dissociation degree in common solvents. It is found that the DN value of solvents is highly correlated to the reversibility of Li deposition behavior when LiNO3 is applied as the sole salt. The combination of LiNO3 and solvents with moderate DN behaves like a quasi-concentrated electrolyte even at a common or moderate concentration, while neither the solvents with poor solubility and low dissociation for LiNO3 (which usually corresponds to a low DN) nor the solvents with high dissociation for LiNO3 (which usually corresponds to an overly high DN) can achieve a high reversibility for low conductivity or excessive solvent decomposition. As a result, a Coulombic efficiency as high as 99.6% for Li deposition/stripping is achieved with the optimized combination. We believe this work will give a better understanding of the role of anions and solvents in the regulation of the solvation structure, and DN can be utilized as an important guideline to sieve suitable solvents for LiNO3 as the main salt to exhibit intriguing properties beyond traditional cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Zhou
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenhui Hou
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingchun Xia
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Ou
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Hang-Yu Zhou
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Weili Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Lu
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuan Song
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Fengxiang Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingbin Cao
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuaishuai Yan
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
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18
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Yuan B, Wu L, Geng S, Xu Q, Zhao X, Wang Y, Liao M, Ye L, Qu Z, Zhang X, Wang S, Ouyang Z, Tang S, Peng H, Sun H. Unlocking Reversible Silicon Redox for High-Performing Chlorine Batteries. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202306789. [PMID: 37455280 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202306789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Chlorine (Cl)-based batteries such as Li/Cl2 batteries are recognized as promising candidates for energy storage with low cost and high performance. However, the current use of Li metal anodes in Cl-based batteries has raised serious concerns regarding safety, cost, and production complexity. More importantly, the well-documented parasitic reactions between Li metal and Cl-based electrolytes require a large excess of Li metal, which inevitably sacrifices the electrochemical performance of the full cell. Therefore, it is crucial but challenging to establish new anode chemistry, particularly with electrochemical reversibility, for Cl-based batteries. Here we show, for the first time, reversible Si redox in Cl-based batteries through efficient electrolyte dilution and anode/electrolyte interface passivation using 1,2-dichloroethane and cyclized polyacrylonitrile as key mediators. Our Si anode chemistry enables significantly increased cycling stability and shelf lives compared with conventional Li metal anodes. It also avoids the use of a large excess of anode materials, thus enabling the first rechargeable Cl2 full battery with remarkable energy and power densities of 809 Wh kg-1 and 4,277 W kg-1 , respectively. The Si anode chemistry affords fast kinetics with remarkable rate capability and low-temperature electrochemical performance, indicating its great potential in practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Yuan
- Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhangjiang Institute for Advanced Study, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Liang Wu
- Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhangjiang Institute for Advanced Study, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Shitao Geng
- Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhangjiang Institute for Advanced Study, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Qiuchen Xu
- Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhangjiang Institute for Advanced Study, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Xiaoju Zhao
- Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhangjiang Institute for Advanced Study, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhangjiang Institute for Advanced Study, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Meng Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Lei Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Zongtao Qu
- Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhangjiang Institute for Advanced Study, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhangjiang Institute for Advanced Study, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Shuo Wang
- Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhangjiang Institute for Advanced Study, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Zhaofeng Ouyang
- Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhangjiang Institute for Advanced Study, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Shanshan Tang
- Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhangjiang Institute for Advanced Study, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Huisheng Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Hao Sun
- Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhangjiang Institute for Advanced Study, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
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19
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Su L, Lu F, Li Y, Li X, Chen L, Gao Y, Zheng L, Gao X. Microstructural Evolution of Zinc-Ion Species from Aqueous to Hydrated Eutectic Electrolyte for Zn-Ion Batteries. CHEMSUSCHEM 2023; 16:e202300285. [PMID: 37010877 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202300285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Despite their intrinsic safety and environmental friendliness, typical aqueous Zn-ion rechargeable batteries have been struggling with poor reversibility and electrochemical stability. Hydrated eutectic electrolytes (HEEs) have been attracting extensive attention due to their appealing features of high designability and superior performances over typical aqueous electrolytes. However, an in-depth understanding of unique microstructure in HEEs and the ensuing superior performances remains obscure, limiting the development of enhanced electrolytes. Herein, we demonstrate a distinct evolution path of Zn-ion species from aqueous to superior hydrated eutectic electrolytes, which experience a special transition state enriched with H-bonds between eutectic molecules. Complementary with the well-studied reorganized solvation structure induced by short-ranged salt-solvent interaction, long-range solvent-solvent interactions arising from the H-bond reorganizes the extended electrolyte microstructure, which in turn influences the cation diffusion mechanisms and interfacial reaction kinetics. Overall, we highlight the importance of ion species microstructural evolution in the rational design of superior aqueous electrolytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Su
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
| | - Fei Lu
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Advanced Materials in Tropical Island Resources, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, P. R. China
| | - Yanrui Li
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
| | - Xia Li
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Advanced Materials in Tropical Island Resources, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, P. R. China
| | - Liangdan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Advanced Materials in Tropical Island Resources, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, P. R. China
| | - Yanan Gao
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Advanced Materials in Tropical Island Resources, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, P. R. China
| | - Liqiang Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
| | - Xinpei Gao
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Advanced Materials in Tropical Island Resources, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, P. R. China
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20
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Shen Y, Wang Y, Miao Y, Li Q, Zhao X, Shen X. Anion-Incorporated Mg-Ion Solvation Modulation Enables Fast Magnesium Storage Kinetics of Conversion-Type Cathode Materials. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2208289. [PMID: 36893768 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202208289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Rechargeable magnesium batteries (RMB) have emerged as one of the most promising alternatives to lithium-ion batteries due to the prominent advantages of magnesium metal anodes. Nevertheless, their application is hindered by sluggish Mg-ion storage kinetics in cathodes, although various structural modifications of cathode materials have been performed. Herein, an electrolyte design using an anion-incorporated Mg-ion solvation structure is developed to promote the Mg-ion storage reactions of conversion-type cathode materials. The addition of the trifluoromethanesulfonate anion (OTf- ) in the ether-based Mg-ion electrolyte modulates the solvation structure of Mg2+ from [Mg(DME)3 ]2+ to [Mg(DME)2.5 OTf]+ (DME = dimethoxy ethane), which facilitates Mg-ion desolvation and thus significantly expedites the charge transfer of the cathode material. As a result, the as-prepared CuSe cathode material on copper current collector exhibits a considerable increase in magnesium storage capacity from 61% (228 mAh g-1 ) to 95% (357 mAh g-1 ) of the theoretical capacity at 0.1 A g-1 and a more than twofold capacity increase at a high current density of 1.0 A g-1 . This work provides an efficient strategy via electrolyte modulation to achieve high-rate conversion-type cathode materials for RMBs. The incorporation of the trifluoromethanesulfonate anion in the Mg-ion solvation structure of the borate-based Mg-ion electrolyte enables the fast magnesium storage kinetics of the conversion-type cathode materials. The as-prepared copper selenide cathode achieved a more than twofold capacity increase at a high rate and the highest reversible capacities compared to those of the previously reported metal selenide cathodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinlin Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Inorganic Functional Composites, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Yujia Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Inorganic Functional Composites, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Yingchun Miao
- Advanced Analysis and Testing Center, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Qiang Li
- School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China
| | - Xiangyu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Inorganic Functional Composites, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Xiaodong Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Inorganic Functional Composites, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China
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21
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Liu X, Mariani A, Adenusi H, Passerini S. Locally Concentrated Ionic Liquid Electrolytes for Lithium-Metal Batteries. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202219318. [PMID: 36727727 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202219318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Non-flammable ionic liquid electrolytes (ILEs) are well-known candidates for safer and long-lifespan lithium metal batteries (LMBs). However, the high viscosity and insufficient Li+ transport limit their practical application. Recently, non-solvating and low-viscosity co-solvents diluting ILEs without affecting the local Li+ solvation structure are employed to solve these problems. The diluted electrolytes, i.e., locally concentrated ionic liquid electrolytes (LCILEs), exhibiting lower viscosity, faster Li+ transport, and enhanced compatibility toward lithium metal anodes, are feasible options for the next-generation high-energy-density LMBs. Herein, the progress of the recently developed LCILEs are summarised, including their physicochemical properties, solution structures, and applications in LMBs with a variety of high-energy cathode materials. Lastly, a perspective on the future research directions of LCILEs to further understanding and achieve improved cell performances is outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Liu
- Helmholtz Institute Ulm (HIU), Helmholtzstraße 11, 89081 Ulm (Germany), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), P.O. Box 3640, 76021, UlmKarlsruhe, Germany
| | - Alessandro Mariani
- Helmholtz Institute Ulm (HIU), Helmholtzstraße 11, 89081 Ulm (Germany), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), P.O. Box 3640, 76021, UlmKarlsruhe, Germany.,Present address: ELETTRA Synchrotron of Trieste, 34012 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - Henry Adenusi
- Hong Kong Quantum AI Lab, 17 Science Park West Avenue, Hong Kong, China
| | - Stefano Passerini
- Helmholtz Institute Ulm (HIU), Helmholtzstraße 11, 89081 Ulm (Germany), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), P.O. Box 3640, 76021, UlmKarlsruhe, Germany.,Chemistry Department, Sapienza University, Piazzale A. Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
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