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George AM, Viswanathan A, Best LG, Monahan C, Limmina M, Ganguly A, Kalish JM. Expanded phenotype and cancer risk in patients with Beckwith-Wiedemann spectrum caused by CDKN1C variants. Am J Med Genet A 2024:e63777. [PMID: 38822599 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.63777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
Beckwith-Wiedemann spectrum (BWSp) is caused by genetic and epigenetic alterations on chromosome 11 that regulate cell growth and division. Considering the diverse phenotypic landscape in BWSp, the characterization of the CDKN1C molecular subtype remains relatively limited. Here, we investigate the role of CDKN1C in the broader BWSp phenotype. Notably, patients with CDKN1C variants appear to exhibit a different tumor risk than other BWSp molecular subtypes. We performed a comprehensive literature review using the search term "CDKN1C Beckwith" to identify 113 cases of patients with molecularly confirmed CDKN1C-BWSp. We then assessed the genotype and phenotype in a novel cohort of patients with CDKN1C-BWSp enrolled in the BWS Research Registry. Cardinal and suggestive features were evaluated for all patients reported, and tumor risk was established based on available reports. The most common phenotypes included macroglossia, omphalocele, and ear creases/pits. Tumor types reported from the literature included neuroblastoma, acute lymphocytic leukemia, superficial spreading melanoma, and intratubular germ cell neoplasia. Overall, this study identifies unique features associated with CDKN1C variants in BWSp, enabling more accurate clinical management. The absence of Wilms tumor and hepatoblastoma suggests that screening for these tumors may not be necessary, while the neuroblastoma risk warrants appropriate screening recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew M George
- Division of Human Genetics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Aravind Viswanathan
- Division of Human Genetics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Lyle G Best
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota, USA
| | - Caitlin Monahan
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Maria Limmina
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Arupa Ganguly
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jennifer M Kalish
- Division of Human Genetics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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2
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Takeuchi Y, Inoue S, Muta Y, Kawaguchi K, Odaka A. A rare case of extremely low birth weight infant with Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome. Int J Surg Case Rep 2024; 119:109777. [PMID: 38781840 PMCID: PMC11143787 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2024.109777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2024] [Revised: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome (BWS) manifests distinctive features, such as macroglossia, overgrowth, and abdominal wall defects. In this report, we describe a case of BWS in an extremely low birth weight infant diagnosed at three months after birth because of the intensive care for low birth weight. PRESENTATION OF CASE A female infant was delivered at 24 weeks and 6 days of gestation with a weight of 845 g. After birth, significant small intestinal intra-umbilical prolapse was observed, and abdominal wall closure using a sutureless method was performed on day zero. Careful neonatal management was performed; however, an episode of bloody stools led to a diagnosis of intestinal volvulus due to intestinal malrotation. At 119 days of age, the Ladd procedure was performed. Notably, during anaesthesia induction, features suggestive of BWS were observed, leading to its diagnosis. DISCUSSION Early diagnosis of BWS is vital because of its association with tumors. However, because she was an extremely low birth weight infant who required oral intubation and supine management for respiratory control, nevus flammeus and macroglossia were not observed. Therefore, BWS was not diagnosed for approximately three months after birth. It is important to recognize that omphalocele in extremely low birth weight infants is a risk factor for delayed diagnosis of BWS. CONCLUSION Timely diagnosis of BWS is critical because of its association with tumors and varied clinical presentations. Early screening, especially for tumors, and awareness among surgical practitioners can aid in timely interventions and improved patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuta Takeuchi
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, 1981 Kamoda, Kawagoe, Saitama 350-8550, Japan.
| | - Seiichiro Inoue
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, 1981 Kamoda, Kawagoe, Saitama 350-8550, Japan.
| | - Yuki Muta
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, 1981 Kamoda, Kawagoe, Saitama 350-8550, Japan.
| | - Kohei Kawaguchi
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, 1981 Kamoda, Kawagoe, Saitama 350-8550, Japan.
| | - Akio Odaka
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, 1981 Kamoda, Kawagoe, Saitama 350-8550, Japan.
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3
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Hasan HA, Johnstone LS, Benedetti DJ. A case of pancreatoblastoma in a child with Simpson-Golabi-Behmel syndrome: Highlighting the importance of alpha fetoprotein monitoring. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2024:e31097. [PMID: 38773720 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.31097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Hira A Hasan
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Lindsey S Johnstone
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Daniel J Benedetti
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Division of Pediatric Hematology Oncology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
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Choi N, Kim HY, Ko JM. Development of disease-specific growth charts for Korean children with Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome. Clin Genet 2024; 105:533-542. [PMID: 38265109 DOI: 10.1111/cge.14488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome (BWS) is an epigenetic overgrowth syndrome. Despite its distinctive growth pattern, the detailed growth trajectories of children with BWS remain largely unknown. We retrospectively analyzed 413 anthropometric measurements over an average of 4.4 years of follow-up in 51 children with BWS. We constructed sex-specific percentile curves for height, weight, and head circumference using a generalized additive model for location, scale, and shape. Males with BWS exhibited greater height at all ages evaluated, weight before the age of 10, and head circumference before the age of 9 than those of the general population. Females with BWS showed greater height before the age of 7, weight before the age of 4.5, and head circumference before the age of 7 than those of the general population. At the latest follow-up visit at a mean 8.4 years of age, bone age was significantly higher than chronological age. Compared to paternal uniparental disomy (pUPD), males with imprinting center region 2-loss of methylation (IC2-LOM) had higher standard deviation score (SDS) for height and weight, while females with IC2-LOM showed larger SDS for head circumference. These disease-specific growth charts can serve as valuable tools for clinical monitoring of children with BWS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naye Choi
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hwa Young Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam-Si, South Korea
| | - Jung Min Ko
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Rare Disease Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
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5
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Perotti D, Williams RD, Wegert J, Brzezinski J, Maschietto M, Ciceri S, Gisselsson D, Gadd S, Walz AL, Furtwaengler R, Drost J, Al-Saadi R, Evageliou N, Gooskens SL, Hong AL, Murphy AJ, Ortiz MV, O'Sullivan MJ, Mullen EA, van den Heuvel-Eibrink MM, Fernandez CV, Graf N, Grundy PE, Geller JI, Dome JS, Perlman EJ, Gessler M, Huff V, Pritchard-Jones K. Hallmark discoveries in the biology of Wilms tumour. Nat Rev Urol 2024; 21:158-180. [PMID: 37848532 DOI: 10.1038/s41585-023-00824-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
The modern study of Wilms tumour was prompted nearly 50 years ago, when Alfred Knudson proposed the 'two-hit' model of tumour development. Since then, the efforts of researchers worldwide have substantially expanded our knowledge of Wilms tumour biology, including major advances in genetics - from cloning the first Wilms tumour gene to high-throughput studies that have revealed the genetic landscape of this tumour. These discoveries improve understanding of the embryonal origin of Wilms tumour, familial occurrences and associated syndromic conditions. Many efforts have been made to find and clinically apply prognostic biomarkers to Wilms tumour, for which outcomes are generally favourable, but treatment of some affected individuals remains challenging. Challenges are also posed by the intratumoural heterogeneity of biomarkers. Furthermore, preclinical models of Wilms tumour, from cell lines to organoid cultures, have evolved. Despite these many achievements, much still remains to be discovered: further molecular understanding of relapse in Wilms tumour and of the multiple origins of bilateral Wilms tumour are two examples of areas under active investigation. International collaboration, especially when large tumour series are required to obtain robust data, will help to answer some of the remaining unresolved questions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Perotti
- Predictive Medicine: Molecular Bases of Genetic Risk, Department of Experimental Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy.
| | - Richard D Williams
- Developmental Biology and Cancer Research and Teaching Department, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
- Section of Genetics and Genomics, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Jenny Wegert
- Theodor-Boveri-Institute/Biocenter, Developmental Biochemistry, Wuerzburg University, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Jack Brzezinski
- Division of Haematology/Oncology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mariana Maschietto
- Research Center, Boldrini Children's Hospital, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sara Ciceri
- Predictive Medicine: Molecular Bases of Genetic Risk, Department of Experimental Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - David Gisselsson
- Cancer Cell Evolution Unit, Division of Clinical Genetics, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Clinical Genetics, Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics, Office of Medical Services, Skåne, Sweden
| | - Samantha Gadd
- Department of Pathology, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Amy L Walz
- Division of Hematology,Oncology, Neuro-Oncology, and Stem Cell Transplant, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Rhoikos Furtwaengler
- Division of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Department of Pediatrics, Inselspital Bern University, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Jarno Drost
- Princess Máxima Center for Paediatric Oncology, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Oncode Institute, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Reem Al-Saadi
- Developmental Biology and Cancer Research and Teaching Department, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
- Department of Histopathology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, UK
| | - Nicholas Evageliou
- Divisions of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, CHOP Specialty Care Center, Vorhees, NJ, USA
| | - Saskia L Gooskens
- Princess Máxima Center for Paediatric Oncology, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Andrew L Hong
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Emory University and Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Andrew J Murphy
- Department of Surgery, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Michael V Ortiz
- Department of Paediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Maureen J O'Sullivan
- Histology Laboratory, Children's Health Ireland at Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland
- Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Elizabeth A Mullen
- Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Conrad V Fernandez
- Division of Paediatric Hematology Oncology, IWK Health Centre and Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Norbert Graf
- Department of Paediatric Oncology and Hematology, Saarland University Hospital, Homburg, Germany
| | - Paul E Grundy
- Department of Paediatrics Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - James I Geller
- Division of Oncology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Jeffrey S Dome
- Division of Oncology, Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Children's National Hospital and the Department of Paediatrics, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Elizabeth J Perlman
- Department of Pathology, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Manfred Gessler
- Theodor-Boveri-Institute/Biocenter, Developmental Biochemistry, Wuerzburg University, Wuerzburg, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Mainfranken, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Vicki Huff
- Department of Genetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Kathy Pritchard-Jones
- Developmental Biology and Cancer Research and Teaching Department, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
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Binhezaim A, Al Qurashi AA, Alissa S, Alyazeedi IA. Effective Collaboration in the Surgical Management of Macroglossia in Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome. PLASTIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY-GLOBAL OPEN 2024; 12:e5635. [PMID: 38463705 PMCID: PMC10923374 DOI: 10.1097/gox.0000000000005635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome (BWS) is a complex congenital overgrowth disorder necessitating a multidisciplinary approach for effective management. A 5-year-old Saudi girl with BWS received comprehensive care involving various specialists, including a plastic surgeon who performed a keyhole technique tongue reduction to address macroglossia. The intervention resulted in significant improvements in speech and quality of life, with no postoperative complications. Intensive speech therapy further enhanced speech development. This case report emphasizes the importance of a multidisciplinary approach and the critical role of the plastic surgeon in managing BWS patients with macroglossia to achieve optimal outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Abdullah A. Al Qurashi
- College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sami Alissa
- Security Forces Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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7
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Martins JMES, Braga BL, Sampaio KNF, de Souza Garcia T, Van de Sande Lee J, Cechinel E, Simoni G, Nascimento ML, da Silva PCA, Fragoso MCV, Bachega TAAS, Nishi MY, Mendonca BB. Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome mimicking the classical form of congenital adrenal hyperplasia in newborn screening. ARCHIVES OF ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM 2024; 68:e220395. [PMID: 38427811 PMCID: PMC10948032 DOI: 10.20945/2359-4292-2022-0395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome (BWS) is a common genetic congenital disease characterized by somatic overgrowth and its broad clinical spectrum includes pre- and post-natal macrosomia, macroglossia, visceromegaly, increased risk of neonatal hypoglycemia, and development of embryonic tumors. BWS occurs due to genetic/epigenetic changes involving growth-regulating genes, located on region 11p15, with an important genotype-phenotype correlation. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) comprises a spectrum of autosomal recessive diseases presenting a variety of clinical manifestations due to a deficiency in one of the enzymes involved in cortisol secretion. Early diagnosis based on newborn screening prevents the adrenal crisis and early infant death. However, high 17-hydroxyprogesterone (17-OHP) levels can occur in newborns or premature infants without CAH, in situations of stress due to maternal or neonatal factors. Here, we report new cases of false-positive diagnosis of 21-hydroxylase deficiency during newborn screening - two girls and one boy with BWS. Methylation-specific multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification revealed a gain of methylation in the H19 differentially methylated region. Notably, all three cases showed a complete normalization of biochemical changes, highlighting the transient nature of these hormonal findings that imitate the classical form of CAH. This report sheds light on a new cause of false-positive 21-hydroxylase deficiency diagnosis during newborn screening: Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Barbara Leitao Braga
- Departamento de Endocrinologia do Desenvolvimento, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil,
| | - Klevia Nunes Feitosa Sampaio
- Departamento de Endocrinologia do Desenvolvimento, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | | | | | - Edson Cechinel
- Hospital Infantil Joana de Gusmão, Florianópolis, SC, Brasil
| | - Genoir Simoni
- Hospital Infantil Joana de Gusmão, Florianópolis, SC, Brasil
| | | | | | - Maria C V Fragoso
- Departamento de Endocrinologia do Desenvolvimento, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Tania A A S Bachega
- Departamento de Endocrinologia do Desenvolvimento, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Mirian Y Nishi
- Departamento de Endocrinologia do Desenvolvimento, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Berenice B Mendonca
- Departamento de Endocrinologia do Desenvolvimento, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
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8
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Connolly GK, Harris RD, Shumate C, Rednam SP, Canfield MA, Plon SE, Nguyen J, Schraw JM, Lupo PJ. Pediatric cancer incidence among individuals with overgrowth syndromes and overgrowth features: A population-based assessment in seven million children. Cancer 2024; 130:467-475. [PMID: 37788149 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.35041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Overgrowth syndromes (e.g., Beckwith-Wiedemann) are associated with an increased risk of pediatric cancer, although there are few population-based estimates of risk. There are also limited studies describing associations between other overgrowth features (e.g., hepatosplenomegaly) and pediatric cancer. Therefore, cancer risk among children with these conditions was evaluated with data from a large, diverse population-based registry linkage study. METHODS This study includes all live births in Texas during the years 1999-2017. Children with overgrowth features and syndromes were identified from the Texas Birth Defects Registry; children with cancer were identified by linkage to the Texas Cancer Registry. Cox regression models were used to estimate the hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for the association between each overgrowth syndrome/feature and cancer, which were adjusted for infant sex and maternal age. RESULTS In the total birth cohort (n = 6,997,422), 21,207 children were identified as having an overgrowth syndrome or feature. Children with Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome were 42 times more likely to develop pediatric cancer (95% CI, 24.20-71.83), with hepatoblastoma being the most common, followed by Wilms tumor. The presence of any isolated overgrowth feature was associated with increased cancer risk (HR, 4.70; 95% CI, 3.83-5.77); associations were strongest for hepatosplenomegaly (HR, 23.04; 95% CI, 13.37-39.69) and macroglossia (HR, 11.18; 95% CI, 6.35-19.70). CONCLUSIONS This population-based assessment confirmed prior findings that children with either overgrowth syndromes or features were significantly more likely to develop cancer. Overall, this study supports recommendations for cancer surveillance in children with these conditions and may also inform future research into cancer etiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gillean K Connolly
- Section of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Rachel D Harris
- Section of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Section of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Charles Shumate
- Environmental Epidemiology and Disease Registries Section, Birth Defects Epidemiology and Surveillance Branch, Texas Department of State Health Services, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Surya P Rednam
- Section of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Mark A Canfield
- Environmental Epidemiology and Disease Registries Section, Birth Defects Epidemiology and Surveillance Branch, Texas Department of State Health Services, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Sharon E Plon
- Section of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Joanne Nguyen
- Environmental Epidemiology and Disease Registries Section, Birth Defects Epidemiology and Surveillance Branch, Texas Department of State Health Services, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Jeremy M Schraw
- Section of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Section of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Philip J Lupo
- Section of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Section of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
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9
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Eggermann T. Human Reproduction and Disturbed Genomic Imprinting. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:163. [PMID: 38397153 PMCID: PMC10888310 DOI: 10.3390/genes15020163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Genomic imprinting is a specific mode of gene regulation which particularly accounts for the factors involved in development. Its disturbance affects the fetus, the course of pregnancy and even the health of the mother. In children, aberrant imprinting signatures are associated with imprinting disorders (ImpDis). These alterations also affect the function of the placenta, which has consequences for the course of the pregnancy. The molecular causes of ImpDis comprise changes at the DNA level and methylation disturbances (imprinting defects/ImpDefs), and there is an increasing number of reports of both pathogenic fetal and maternal DNA variants causing ImpDefs. These ImpDefs can be inherited, but prediction of the pregnancy complications caused is difficult, as they can cause miscarriages, aneuploidies, health issues for the mother and ImpDis in the child. Due to the complexity of imprinting regulation, each pregnancy or patient with suspected altered genomic imprinting requires a specific workup to identify the precise molecular cause and also careful clinical documentation. This review will cover the current knowledge on the molecular causes of aberrant imprinting signatures and illustrate the need to identify this basis as the prerequisite for personalized genetic and reproductive counselling of families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Eggermann
- Institute for Human Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Medical Faculty, RWTH University Aachen, Pauwelsstr. 3, D-52074 Aachen, Germany
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10
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Faivre L, Crépin JC, Réda M, Nambot S, Carmignac V, Abadie C, Mirault T, Faure-Conter C, Mazereeuw-Hautier J, Maza A, Puzenat E, Collonge-Rame MA, Bursztejn AC, Philippe C, Thauvin-Robinet C, Chevarin M, Abasq-Thomas C, Amiel J, Arpin S, Barbarot S, Baujat G, Bessis D, Bourrat E, Boute O, Chassaing N, Coubes C, Demeer B, Edery P, El Chehadeh S, Goldenberg A, Hadj-Rabia S, Haye D, Isidor B, Jacquemont ML, Van Kien PK, Lacombe D, Lehalle D, Lambert L, Martin L, Maruani A, Morice-Picard F, Petit F, Phan A, Pinson L, Rossi M, Touraine R, Vanlerberghe C, Vincent M, Vincent-Delorme C, Whalen S, Willems M, Marle N, Verkarre V, Devalland C, Devouassoux-Shisheboran M, Abad M, Rioux-Leclercq N, Bonniaud B, Duffourd Y, Martel J, Binquet C, Kuentz P, Vabres P. Low risk of embryonic and other cancers in PIK3CA-related overgrowth spectrum: Impact on screening recommendations. Clin Genet 2023; 104:554-563. [PMID: 37580112 DOI: 10.1111/cge.14410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
The PIK3CA-related overgrowth spectrum (PROS) encompasses various conditions caused by mosaic activating PIK3CA variants. PIK3CA somatic variants are also involved in various cancer types. Some generalized overgrowth syndromes are associated with an increased risk of Wilms tumor (WT). In PROS, abdominal ultrasound surveillance has been advocated to detect WT. We aimed to determine the risk of embryonic and other types of tumors in patients with PROS in order to evaluate surveillance relevance. We searched the clinical charts from 267 PROS patients for the diagnosis of cancer, and reviewed the medical literature for the risk of cancer. In our cohort, six patients developed a cancer (2.2%), and Kaplan Meier analyses estimated cumulative probabilities of cancer occurrence at 45 years of age was 5.6% (95% CI = 1.35%-21.8%). The presence of the PIK3CA variant was only confirmed in two out of four tumor samples. In the literature and our cohort, six cases of Wilms tumor/nephrogenic rests (0.12%) and four cases of other cancers have been reported out of 483 proven PIK3CA patients, in particular the p.(His1047Leu/Arg) variant. The risk of WT in PROS being lower than 5%, this is insufficient evidence to recommend routine abdominal imaging. Long-term follow-up studies are needed to evaluate the risk of other cancer types, as well as the relationship with the extent of tissue mosaicism and the presence or not of the variant in the tumor samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurence Faivre
- Equipe INSERM UMR1231, Génétique des Anomalies du Développement, FHU TRANSLAD, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
- Centre de Génétique, Centre de Référence Anomalies du Développement et Syndromes Malformatifs et FHU TRANSLAD, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | - Jean-Charles Crépin
- Equipe INSERM UMR1231, Génétique des Anomalies du Développement, FHU TRANSLAD, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
- Service de Dermatologie, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, Dijon, France
- Centre de référence Maladies Rares Génétiques à Expression Cutanée (MAGEC), CHU Dijon, Dijon, France
| | - Manon Réda
- Oncogénétique, Centre de lutte contre le cancer Georges François Leclerc, Dijon, France
| | - Sophie Nambot
- Equipe INSERM UMR1231, Génétique des Anomalies du Développement, FHU TRANSLAD, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
- Centre de Génétique, Centre de Référence Anomalies du Développement et Syndromes Malformatifs et FHU TRANSLAD, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, Dijon, France
- Oncogénétique, Centre de lutte contre le cancer Georges François Leclerc, Dijon, France
| | - Virginie Carmignac
- Equipe INSERM UMR1231, Génétique des Anomalies du Développement, FHU TRANSLAD, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
- Centre de référence Maladies Rares Génétiques à Expression Cutanée (MAGEC), CHU Dijon, Dijon, France
| | | | - Tristan Mirault
- Université Paris Cité, PARCC INSERM U970, Centre de référence des maladies vasculaires rares, Hôpital européen Georges-Pompidou, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | | | | | - Aude Maza
- Service de Dermatologie, CHU Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Eve Puzenat
- Service de Dermatologie, CHU Besançon, Besançon, France
| | | | | | - Christophe Philippe
- Equipe INSERM UMR1231, Génétique des Anomalies du Développement, FHU TRANSLAD, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
- UF6254 Innovation en Diagnostic Génomique des Maladies Rares, Plate-forme de Biologie Hospitalo-Universitaire, CHU Dijon-Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | - Christel Thauvin-Robinet
- Equipe INSERM UMR1231, Génétique des Anomalies du Développement, FHU TRANSLAD, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
- Centre de Référence Déficiences Intellectuelles de Causes Rares, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | - Martin Chevarin
- Equipe INSERM UMR1231, Génétique des Anomalies du Développement, FHU TRANSLAD, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
- UF6254 Innovation en Diagnostic Génomique des Maladies Rares, Plate-forme de Biologie Hospitalo-Universitaire, CHU Dijon-Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | - Claire Abasq-Thomas
- Département de Pédiatrie et Génétique Médicale, CHU Brest Morvan, Brest, France
| | - Jeanne Amiel
- Service de Médecine Génomique des Maladies Rares et Centre de Référence Anomalies du Développement et Syndromes Malformatifs, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Stéphanie Arpin
- Service de Génétique Clinique et Centre de Référence Anomalies du Développement et Syndromes Malformatifs, CHRU de Tours, Tours, France
| | | | - Geneviève Baujat
- Service de Médecine Génomique des Maladies Rares et Centre de Référence Anomalies du Développement et Syndromes Malformatifs, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Didier Bessis
- Département de Dermatologie, CHRU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Emmanuelle Bourrat
- Service de dermatologie, centre de référence maladies génétiques à expression cutanée MAGEC, CHU St-Louis, Service de pédiatrie générale, CHU Robert Debré, Paris, France
| | - Odile Boute
- Service de Génétique Clinique et Centre de Référence Anomalies du Développement et Syndromes Malformatifs, CHU Lille, Lille, France
| | - Nicolas Chassaing
- Service de Génétique Médicale et Centre de Compétence Anomalies du Développement et Syndromes Malformatifs, CHU Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Christine Coubes
- Département de Génétique Médicale, Maladies rares et Médecine Personnalisée, et Centre de Référence Anomalies du Développement et Syndromes Malformatifs, CHRU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Bénédicte Demeer
- Centre d'Activité de Génétique Clinique et Oncogénétique, CHU d'Amiens, Amiens, France
| | - Patrick Edery
- Service de génétique, Centre de Référence Anomalies du Développement, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron, France
- INSERM U1028, CNRS UMR5292, Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, GENDEV Team, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Bron, France
| | - Salima El Chehadeh
- Service de Génétique Médicale, Centre de Référence Déficiences Intellectuelles de Causes Rares, Institut de Génétique Médicale d'Alsace (IGMA), CHRU de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Alice Goldenberg
- Service de Génétique et Centre de Référence Anomalies du Développement et Syndromes Malformatifs, CHU de Rouen et Centre Normand de Génomique Médicale et Médecine Personnalisée, Rouen, France
| | - Smail Hadj-Rabia
- Service de Dermatologie et Centre de Référence des Maladies Rares Génétiques à Expression Cutanée (MAGEC), Université Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité, Institut Imagine, Hôpital Universitaire Necker Enfants Malades, Paris, France
| | - Damien Haye
- Service de Génétique Clinique et Centre de Référence Anomalies du Développement et Syndromes Malformatifs, CHRU de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Bertrand Isidor
- Service de Génétique Médicale et Centre de Référence Anomalies du Développement et Syndromes Malformatifs, CHU de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Marie-Line Jacquemont
- Unité de Génétique Médicale et Centre de Référence Anomalies du Développement et Syndromes Malformatifs, CHU de la Réunion, Saint-Pierre, France
| | - Philippe Khau Van Kien
- Unité de Génétique Médicale et Cytogénétique, Centre de Compétence Anomalies du Développement et Syndromes Malformatifs, CHU de Nîmes, Nîmes, France
| | - Didier Lacombe
- Service de Génétique Médicale et Centre de Référence Anomalies du Développement et Syndromes Malformatifs, CHU de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Daphné Lehalle
- Equipe INSERM UMR1231, Génétique des Anomalies du Développement, FHU TRANSLAD, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Laetitia Lambert
- Service de Génétique Clinique et Centre de Référence Anomalies du Développement et Syndromes Malformatifs, CHU de Nancy, Nancy, France
| | | | | | - Fanny Morice-Picard
- Service de Génétique Clinique et Centre de Référence Anomalies du Développement et Syndromes Malformatifs, CHU de Nancy, Nancy, France
- Service de Dermatologie, CHU de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Florence Petit
- Service de Génétique Clinique et Centre de Référence Anomalies du Développement et Syndromes Malformatifs, CHU Lille, Lille, France
| | - Alice Phan
- Service de Dermatologie, CHU de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Lucile Pinson
- Département de Génétique Médicale, Maladies rares et Médecine Personnalisée, et Centre de Référence Anomalies du Développement et Syndromes Malformatifs, CHRU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Massimiliano Rossi
- Service de génétique, Centre de Référence Anomalies du Développement, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron, France
- INSERM U1028, CNRS UMR5292, Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, GENDEV Team, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Bron, France
| | - Renaud Touraine
- Service de Génétique Clinique et Centre de Compétence Anomalies du Développement et Syndromes Malformatifs, CHU de Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Clémence Vanlerberghe
- Service de Génétique Clinique et Centre de Référence Anomalies du Développement et Syndromes Malformatifs, CHU Lille, Lille, France
| | - Marie Vincent
- Service de Génétique Médicale et Centre de Référence Anomalies du Développement et Syndromes Malformatifs, CHU de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Catherine Vincent-Delorme
- Service de Génétique Clinique et Centre de Référence Anomalies du Développement et Syndromes Malformatifs, CHU Lille, Lille, France
| | - Sandra Whalen
- Unité Fonctionnelle de Génétique Clinique, Hôpital Armand-Trousseau, Paris, France
| | - Marjolaine Willems
- Département de Génétique Médicale, Maladies rares et Médecine Personnalisée, et Centre de Référence Anomalies du Développement et Syndromes Malformatifs, CHRU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Nathalie Marle
- UF6254 Innovation en Diagnostic Génomique des Maladies Rares, Plate-forme de Biologie Hospitalo-Universitaire, CHU Dijon-Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | - Virginie Verkarre
- Service d'Anatomie Pathologique, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France et INSERM UMR 970, Equipe 13, PARCC Université de Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Christine Devalland
- Service d'Anatomie Pathologique, Hôpital Nord Franche Comté, Trevenans, France
| | | | - Marine Abad
- Service d'Anatomie Pathologique, CHU Besançon, Besançon, France
| | | | | | - Yannis Duffourd
- Equipe INSERM UMR1231, Génétique des Anomalies du Développement, FHU TRANSLAD, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Jehanne Martel
- Centre de référence Maladies Rares Génétiques à Expression Cutanée (MAGEC), CHU Dijon, Dijon, France
| | - Christine Binquet
- INSERM, Université de Bourgogne, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, CIC 1432, Module Épidémiologie Clinique, Dijon, France
| | - Paul Kuentz
- Equipe INSERM UMR1231, Génétique des Anomalies du Développement, FHU TRANSLAD, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
- Oncobiologie Génétique Bioinformatique, PCBio, CHU Besançon, Besançon, France
| | - Pierre Vabres
- Equipe INSERM UMR1231, Génétique des Anomalies du Développement, FHU TRANSLAD, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
- Service de Dermatologie, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, Dijon, France
- Centre de référence Maladies Rares Génétiques à Expression Cutanée (MAGEC), CHU Dijon, Dijon, France
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11
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Wagner CS, Pontell ME, Barrero CE, Salinero LK, Low DW, Liao EC, Nah HD, Kalish JM, Taylor JA. Associations between the timing of tongue reduction surgery, (Epi)genotype, and dentoskeletal development in patients with Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 2023; 51:568-573. [PMID: 37599200 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcms.2023.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Tongue reduction surgery is often pursued to manage the adverse effects of macroglossia in patients with Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome (BWS). This study characterized dental outcomes in patients with BWS based on surgical timing and molecular diagnosis. A retrospective study was designed to include patients with BWS over the age of two who had clinical or radiographic documentation of dental development. Patients were grouped by history of tongue reduction surgery and surgical timing (early: <12 months). One hundred three patients were included (55 no tongue reduction, 18 early, 30 late). Patients who underwent late surgery had lower odds of class I occlusion (OR 0.11, 95% CI 0.02-0.58, p = 0.009) and higher odds of anterior open bite (OR 7.5, 95% CI 1.14-49.4, p = 0.036). Patients with clinical diagnoses and negative molecular testing had anterior open bite less frequently than patients with imprinting center 2 loss of methylation and paternal uniparental isodisomy of 11p15.5 (p = 0.009). Compared to reference values, patients who had tongue reductions had an increased mandibular plane angle (32.0 ± 4.5° versus 36.9 ± 5.0°, p = 0.001), indicative of hyperdivergent growth. The results of this study help to understand the complex nature of dentoskeletal growth in BWS and shed insight on how surgical timing and molecular diagnosis influence prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Connor S Wagner
- Division of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Oral Surgery, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, USA
| | - Matthew E Pontell
- Division of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Oral Surgery, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, USA
| | - Carlos E Barrero
- Division of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Oral Surgery, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, USA
| | - Lauren K Salinero
- Division of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Oral Surgery, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, USA
| | - David W Low
- Division of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Oral Surgery, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, USA
| | - Eric C Liao
- Division of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Oral Surgery, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, USA
| | - Hyun-Duck Nah
- Division of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Oral Surgery, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, USA
| | - Jennifer M Kalish
- Division of Human Genetics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, USA; Departments of Pediatrics and Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, USA.
| | - Jesse A Taylor
- Division of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Oral Surgery, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, USA.
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12
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Eggermann T, Monk D, de Nanclares GP, Kagami M, Giabicani E, Riccio A, Tümer Z, Kalish JM, Tauber M, Duis J, Weksberg R, Maher ER, Begemann M, Elbracht M. Imprinting disorders. Nat Rev Dis Primers 2023; 9:33. [PMID: 37386011 DOI: 10.1038/s41572-023-00443-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
Imprinting disorders (ImpDis) are congenital conditions that are characterized by disturbances of genomic imprinting. The most common individual ImpDis are Prader-Willi syndrome, Angelman syndrome and Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome. Individual ImpDis have similar clinical features, such as growth disturbances and developmental delay, but the disorders are heterogeneous and the key clinical manifestations are often non-specific, rendering diagnosis difficult. Four types of genomic and imprinting defect (ImpDef) affecting differentially methylated regions (DMRs) can cause ImpDis. These defects affect the monoallelic and parent-of-origin-specific expression of imprinted genes. The regulation within DMRs as well as their functional consequences are mainly unknown, but functional cross-talk between imprinted genes and functional pathways has been identified, giving insight into the pathophysiology of ImpDefs. Treatment of ImpDis is symptomatic. Targeted therapies are lacking owing to the rarity of these disorders; however, personalized treatments are in development. Understanding the underlying mechanisms of ImpDis, and improving diagnosis and treatment of these disorders, requires a multidisciplinary approach with input from patient representatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Eggermann
- Institute for Human Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.
| | - David Monk
- School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - Guiomar Perez de Nanclares
- Rare Diseases Research Group, Molecular (Epi)Genetics Laboratory, Bioaraba Research Health Institute, Araba University Hospital-Txagorritxu, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Masayo Kagami
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Eloïse Giabicani
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, APHP, Hôpital Armand Trousseau, Endocrinologie Moléculaire et Pathologies d'Empreinte, Paris, France
| | - Andrea Riccio
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, Università della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Caserta, Italy
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics A. Buzzati-Traverso, CNR, Naples, Italy
| | - Zeynep Tümer
- Kennedy Center, Department of Clinical Genetics, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jennifer M Kalish
- Division of Human Genetics and Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and the Departments of Pediatrics and Genetics at the Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Maithé Tauber
- Centre de Référence Maladies Rares PRADORT (syndrome de PRADer-Willi et autres Obésités Rares avec Troubles du comportement alimentaire), Hôpital des Enfants, CHU Toulouse, Toulouse, France
- Institut Toulousain des Maladies Infectieuses et Inflammatoires (Infinity) INSERM UMR1291 - CNRS UMR5051 - Université Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
| | - Jessica Duis
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Rosanna Weksberg
- Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, Department of Paediatrics and Genetics and Genome Biology Program, Research Institute, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute of Medical Sciences and Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Eamonn R Maher
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Matthias Begemann
- Institute for Human Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Miriam Elbracht
- Institute for Human Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
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13
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Eklund MJ, States LJ, Acord MR, Alazraki AL, Behr GG, El-Ali AM, Morin CE, Saigal G, Shet NS, Thacker PG, Trout AT. Imaging of pediatric pancreas tumors: A COG Diagnostic Imaging Committee/SPR Oncology Committee White Paper. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2023; 70 Suppl 4:e29975. [PMID: 36215203 PMCID: PMC10642208 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.29975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Primary pancreatic tumors in children are rare with an overall age-adjusted incidence of 0.018 new cases per 100,000 pediatric patients. The most prevalent histologic type is the solid pseudopapillary neoplasm, followed by pancreatoblastoma. This paper describes relevant imaging modalities and presents consensus-based recommendations for imaging at diagnosis and follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meryle J Eklund
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Lisa J States
- Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Michael R Acord
- Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Adina L Alazraki
- Departments of Pediatrics and Radiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Gerald G Behr
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Alexander M El-Ali
- Department of Radiology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Cara E Morin
- Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Gaurav Saigal
- Department of Radiology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Narendra S Shet
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Radiology, Children's National Hospital, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Paul G Thacker
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Andrew T Trout
- Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
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14
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Maas SM, Krzyzewska IM, Lombardi MPR, Mannens MMA, Vos N, Bliek J. Should testing for mosaic genome-wide paternal uniparental disomy in Beckwith-Wiedemann spectrum (BWSp) be implemented in diagnostic testing? Eur J Hum Genet 2023; 31:615-616. [PMID: 37012326 PMCID: PMC10250354 DOI: 10.1038/s41431-023-01354-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Saskia M Maas
- Department of Human Genetics, Amsterdam Reproduction and Development Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- European Reference Network for Rare Craniofacial Anomalies and ENT Disorders (ERN CRANIO), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Izabela M Krzyzewska
- Department of Human Genetics, Amsterdam Reproduction and Development Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maria P R Lombardi
- Department of Human Genetics, Amsterdam Reproduction and Development Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marcel M A Mannens
- Department of Human Genetics, Amsterdam Reproduction and Development Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Niels Vos
- Department of Human Genetics, Amsterdam Reproduction and Development Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jet Bliek
- Department of Human Genetics, Amsterdam Reproduction and Development Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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15
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Pawlukowska W, Patalan M, Bagińska E, Giżewska M, Masztalewicz M. Application of Original Therapy for Stimulation of Oral Areas Innervated by the Trigeminal Nerve in a Child with Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome. Brain Sci 2023; 13:brainsci13050829. [PMID: 37239301 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13050829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
About 90% of children diagnosed with classic BWS have macroglossia, and 40% of them are submitted to surgical tongue reduction. The purpose of our article is to present a case study of a 5-month-old child with BWS who was treated with an original therapy for stimulation of oral areas innervated by the trigeminal nerve. The therapy included stimulation of the upper and lower lip and muscles of the floor of the mouth. The treatment was provided by a therapist once a week. In addition, the child was stimulated every day at home by his mother. After 3 months, a significant improvement in oral alignment and function was achieved. Preliminary observations of therapy application for stimulation regions innervated by the trigeminal nerve in children with Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome seem promising. The original therapy for stimulation of oral areas innervated by the trigeminal nerve is a good alternative to existing methods of surgical tongue reduction in children with BWS and macroglossia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michał Patalan
- Department of Pediatrics, Endocrinology, Diabetology, Metabolic Diseases and Cardiology, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Ewelina Bagińska
- Department of Neurology, Pomeranian Medical University, 71-252 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Maria Giżewska
- Department of Pediatrics, Endocrinology, Diabetology, Metabolic Diseases and Cardiology, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Marta Masztalewicz
- Department of Neurology, Pomeranian Medical University, 71-252 Szczecin, Poland
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16
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Libes J, Hol J, Neto JCDA, Vallance KL, Tinteren HV, Benedetti DJ, Villar GLR, Duncan C, Ehrlich PF. Pediatric renal tumor epidemiology: Global perspectives, progress, and challenges. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2023; 70 Suppl 2:e30343. [PMID: 37096796 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.30343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
Pediatric renal tumors account for 3%-11% of childhood cancers, the most common of which is Wilms tumor or nephroblastoma. Epidemiology plays a key role in cancer prevention and control by describing the distribution of cancer and discovering risk factors for cancer. Large pediatric research consortium trials have led to a clearer understanding of pediatric renal tumors, identification of risk factors, and development of more risk-adapted therapies. These therapies have improved event-free and overall survival for children. However, several challenges remain and not all children have benefited from the improved outcomes. In this article, we review the global epidemiology of pediatric renal tumors, including key consortium and global studies. We identify current knowledge gaps and challenges facing both high and low middle-incomes countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaime Libes
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Peoria, Illinois, USA
| | - Janna Hol
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | | | - Kelly L Vallance
- Hematology and Oncology, Cook Children's Medical Center, Fort Worth, Texas, USA
| | | | - Daniel J Benedetti
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Gema Lucia Ramirez Villar
- Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocio, Pediatric Oncology Unit, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - Catriona Duncan
- Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children (GOSH), NHS Foundation Trust, NIHR, Great Ormond Street Hospital Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK
| | - Peter F Ehrlich
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, C.S. Mott Children's Hospital, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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17
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Klein SD, DeMarchis M, Linn RL, MacFarland SP, Kalish JM. Occurrence of Hepatoblastomas in Patients with Beckwith-Wiedemann Spectrum (BWSp). Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15092548. [PMID: 37174013 PMCID: PMC10177446 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15092548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome (BWS), an epigenetic imprinting disorder involving alterations in genes at the 11p15 chromosomal location, are predisposed to develop hepatoblastomas (HBs), which are rare embryonal liver tumors. Tumors can develop after a BWS diagnosis or, conversely, can be the presenting feature leading to a subsequent diagnosis. While HBs are the cardinal tumors of BWS, not all patients with the BWS spectrum will develop HBs. This observation has led to many hypotheses, including genotype-associated risk, tissue mosaicism, and tumor-specific second hits. To explore these hypotheses, we present the largest cohort of patients with BWS and HBs to date. Our cohort comprised 16 cases, and we broadened our sample size by searching the literature for all cases of BWS with HBs. From these isolated case studies, we amassed another 34 cases, bringing the total number to 50 cases of BWS-HB. We observed that paternal uniparental isodisomy (upd(11)pat) was the most common genotype, representing 38% of cases. The next most common genotype was IC2 LOM, representing 14% of cases. Five patients had clinical BWS without a molecular diagnosis. To investigate the potential mechanism of HBs in BWS, we analyzed normal liver and HB samples from eight cases and isolated tumor samples from another two cases. These samples underwent methylation testing, and 90% of our tumor samples underwent targeted cancer next-generation sequencing (NGS) panels. These matched samples provided novel insights into the oncogenesis of HBs in BWS. We found that 100% of the HBs that underwent NGS panel testing had variants in the CTNNB1 gene. We further identified three distinct groups of BWS-HB patients based on epigenotype. We also demonstrated epigenotype mosaicism, where 11p15 alterations can differ between the blood, HB, and normal liver. In light of this epigenotype mosaicism, tumor risk assessment based on blood profiling may not be accurate. Therefore, universal screening is recommended for all patients with BWS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven D Klein
- Division of Human Genetics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Madison DeMarchis
- Division of Human Genetics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Rebecca L Linn
- Department of Pathology and Lab Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Suzanne P MacFarland
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Division of Oncology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Jennifer M Kalish
- Division of Human Genetics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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Tüysüz B, Bozlak S, Uludağ Alkaya D, Ocak S, Kasap B, Sunamak Çifçi E, Seker A, Bayhan IA, Apak H. Investigation of 11p15.5 Methylation Defects Associated with Beckwith-Wiedemann Spectrum and Embryonic Tumor Risk in Lateralized Overgrowth Patients. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15061872. [PMID: 36980758 PMCID: PMC10046725 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15061872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The Beckwith-Wiedemann spectrum (BWSp) ranges from isolated lateralized overgrowth (ILO) to classic phenotypes. In this broad clinical spectrum, an epigenetic alteration on chromosome 11p15.5 can be detected. The risk for embryonal tumors is high, especially in patients with lateralized overgrowth (LO). The aim of this study is to investigate epigenetic alterations in 11p15.5 and tumor risk in 87 children with LO. The methylation level of 11p15.5 was examined in the blood of all patients and in skin samples or buccal swabs from 40 patients with negative blood tests; 63.2% of patients were compatible with the ILO phenotype, 18.4% were atypical, and 18.4% were classic. The molecular diagnosis rate was 81.2% for the atypical and classic phenotypes, and 10.9% for the ILO phenotype. In patients with epigenetic alterations, LO was statistically significantly more severe than in test negatives. Tumors developed in six (6.9%) of the total 87 patients with LO; four belonged to the atypical or classical phenotype (12.5%) and two to ILO (3.5%). Three of the four patients with atypical/classical phenotypes had pUPD11, one had IC1-GOM alteration, and two ILO patients were negative. We conclude that LO patients should be monitored for tumor risk even if their epigenetic tests are negative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beyhan Tüysüz
- Department of Pediatric Genetics, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, 34098 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Serdar Bozlak
- Department of Pediatric Genetics, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, 34098 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Dilek Uludağ Alkaya
- Department of Pediatric Genetics, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, 34098 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Süheyla Ocak
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, 34098 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Büşra Kasap
- Department of Pediatric Genetics, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, 34098 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Evrim Sunamak Çifçi
- Department of Pediatric Genetics, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, 34098 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ali Seker
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, 34098 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ilhan Avni Bayhan
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Baltalimani Bone Diseases Training and Research Center, University of Health Sciences, 34470 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hilmi Apak
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, 34098 Istanbul, Turkey
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Partial Glossectomy Combined With Radiofrequency Ablation for Macroglossia in Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome. J Craniofac Surg 2023; 34:650-655. [PMID: 36168118 DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000009018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE As the most common feature of Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome (BWS), macroglossia may influence the quality of life, maxillofacial growth, and speech development of children. The retrospective study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effect of partial glossectomy combined with radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for macroglossia patients in BWS. METHODS A retrospective study was conducted in BWS-derived macroglossia patients who underwent partial glossectomy combined with RFA from May 2019 to January 2021. In total, 35 patients consisting of 17 males and 18 females met the inclusion criteria and underwent surgery by the same plastic surgeon. Demographic characteristics, BWS features, operation details, preoperative and postoperative outcomes, satisfaction evaluations, and subgroup analysis were collected and assessed. RESULTS Of the 35 patients involved, the average age at the time of surgery was 14.05±8.08 months, and the average surgery duration was 48.17±6.72 minutes. Only 1 patient suffered ventral tongue wound dehiscence, and the rest of the patients did not develop any other complications. The severity and frequency of tongue protrusion, drooling, snoring, and feeding difficulty were significantly ameliorated. The patient's parents showed satisfaction towards the overall surgery, tongue's appearance, and tongue's motor function. Tongue's height decreased from 32.09±1.16 mm before the operation to 29.29±1.33 mm after the operation. CONCLUSION The partial glossectomy combined RFA exerts a safe, effective and viable technique to treat BWS-derived macroglossia.
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Quarello P, Carli D, Biasoni D, Gerocarni Nappo S, Morosi C, Cotti R, Garelli E, Zucchetti G, Spadea M, Tirtei E, Spreafico F, Fagioli F. Implications of an Underlying Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome for Wilms Tumor Treatment Strategies. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15041292. [PMID: 36831633 PMCID: PMC9954715 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15041292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome (BWS) is a pediatric overgrowth disorder involving a predisposition to embryonal tumors. Most of the tumors associated with BWS occur in the first 8-10 years of life, and the most common is Wilms tumor (WT). BWS clinical heterogeneity includes subtle overgrowth features or even silent phenotypes, and WT may be the presenting symptom of BWS. WT in BWS individuals exhibit distinct characteristics from those of sporadic WT, and the management of these patients needs a peculiar approach. The most important feature is a higher risk of developing bilateral disease at some time in the course of the illness (synchronous bilateral disease at diagnosis or metachronous recurrence after initial presentation with unilateral disease). Accordingly, neoadjuvant chemotherapy is the recommended approach also for BWS patients with unilateral WT to facilitate nephron-sparing surgical approaches. This review emphasizes the importance of early BWS recognition, particularly if a WT has already occurred, as this will result in an urgent consideration of first-line cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Quarello
- Pediatric Onco-Hematology, Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy Division, Regina Margherita Children’s Hospital, 10126 Turin, Italy
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Turin, 10124 Turin, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-011-313-5801
| | - Diana Carli
- Immunogenetics and Transplant Biology Service, Città della Salute e della Scienza University Hospital, 10126 Turin, Italy
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10124 Turin, Italy
| | - Davide Biasoni
- Pediatric Surgical Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | | | - Carlo Morosi
- Department of Radiology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Roberta Cotti
- Pediatric Radiology, Regina Margherita Children’s Hospital, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Emanuela Garelli
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Turin, 10124 Turin, Italy
| | - Giulia Zucchetti
- Pediatric Onco-Hematology, Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy Division, Regina Margherita Children’s Hospital, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Manuela Spadea
- Pediatric Onco-Hematology, Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy Division, Regina Margherita Children’s Hospital, 10126 Turin, Italy
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Turin, 10124 Turin, Italy
| | - Elisa Tirtei
- Pediatric Onco-Hematology, Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy Division, Regina Margherita Children’s Hospital, 10126 Turin, Italy
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Turin, 10124 Turin, Italy
| | - Filippo Spreafico
- Pediatric Oncology Unit, Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS, Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Franca Fagioli
- Pediatric Onco-Hematology, Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy Division, Regina Margherita Children’s Hospital, 10126 Turin, Italy
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Turin, 10124 Turin, Italy
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21
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Best LG, Duffy KA, George AM, Ganguly A, Kalish JM. Familial Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome in a multigenerational family: Forty years of careful phenotyping. Am J Med Genet A 2023; 191:348-356. [PMID: 36322462 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.63026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Beckwith-Wiedemann Spectrum (BWSp) is an overgrowth and cancer predisposition disorder characterized by a wide spectrum of phenotypic manifestations including macroglossia, abdominal wall defects, neonatal hypoglycemia, and predisposition to embryonal tumors. In 1981, Best and Hoekstra reported four patients with BWSp in a single family which suggested autosomal dominant inheritance, but standard clinical testing for BWSp was not available during this time. Meticulous phenotyping of this family has occurred over the past 40 years of follow-up with additional family members being identified and samples collected for genetic testing. Genetic testing revealed a pathogenic mutation in CDKN1C, consistent with the most common cause of familial BWSp. CDKN1C mutations account for just 5% of sporadic cases of BWSp. Here, we report the variable presentation of BWSp across the individuals affected by the CDKN1C mutation and other extended family members spanning multiple generations, all examined by the same physician. Additional phenotypes thought to be atypical in patients with BWSp were reported which included cardiac abnormalities. The incidence of tumors was documented in extended family members and included rhabdomyosarcoma, astrocytoma, and thyroid carcinoma, which have previously been reported in patients with BWSp. These observations suggest that in addition to the inheritance of the CDKN1C variant, there are modifying factors in this family driving the phenotypic spectrum observed. Alternative theories are suggested to explain the etiology of clinical variability including diffused mosaicism, anticipation, and the presence of additional variants tracking in the family. This study highlights the necessity of long-term follow-up in patients with BWSp and consideration of individual familial characteristics in the context of phenotype and/or (epi)genotype associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lyle G Best
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota, USA
| | - Kelly A Duffy
- Division of Human Genetics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Andrew M George
- Division of Human Genetics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Arupa Ganguly
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jennifer M Kalish
- Division of Human Genetics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.,Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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22
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van der Sluijs PJ, Vergano SA, Roeder ER, Jongmans MCJ, Santen GWE. Recommending revised hepatoblastoma surveillance in children with a pathogenic ARID1A variant. Reply to "Cancer in ARID1A-Coffin-Siris syndrome: Review and report of a child with hepatoblastoma" by Cárcamo et al. 2022. Eur J Med Genet 2023; 66:104694. [PMID: 36592690 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2022.104694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- P J van der Sluijs
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Division of Medical Genetics and Metabolism, Children's Hospital of the King's Daughters, Norfolk, VA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, San Antonio, TX, USA; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA; Princess Maxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Clinical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - S A Vergano
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Division of Medical Genetics and Metabolism, Children's Hospital of the King's Daughters, Norfolk, VA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, San Antonio, TX, USA; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA; Princess Maxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Clinical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - E R Roeder
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Division of Medical Genetics and Metabolism, Children's Hospital of the King's Daughters, Norfolk, VA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, San Antonio, TX, USA; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA; Princess Maxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Clinical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - M C J Jongmans
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Division of Medical Genetics and Metabolism, Children's Hospital of the King's Daughters, Norfolk, VA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, San Antonio, TX, USA; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA; Princess Maxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Clinical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - G W E Santen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Division of Medical Genetics and Metabolism, Children's Hospital of the King's Daughters, Norfolk, VA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, San Antonio, TX, USA; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA; Princess Maxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Clinical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.
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23
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Performance Metrics of the Scoring System for the Diagnosis of the Beckwith-Wiedemann Spectrum (BWSp) and Its Correlation with Cancer Development. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15030773. [PMID: 36765732 PMCID: PMC9913441 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15030773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Different scoring systems for the clinical diagnosis of the Beckwith-Wiedemann spectrum (BWSp) have been developed over time, the most recent being the international consensus score. Here we try to validate and provide data on the performance metrics of these scoring systems of the 2018 international consensus and the previous ones, relating them to BWSp features, molecular tests, and the probability of cancer development in a cohort of 831 patients. The consensus scoring system had the best performance (sensitivity 0.85 and specificity 0.43). In our cohort, the diagnostic yield of tests on blood-extracted DNA was low in patients with a low consensus score (~20% with a score = 2), and the score did not correlate with cancer development. We observed hepatoblastoma (HB) in 4.3% of patients with UPD(11)pat and Wilms tumor in 1.9% of patients with isolated lateralized overgrowth (ILO). We validated the efficacy of the currently used consensus score for BWSp clinical diagnosis. Based on our observation, a first-tier analysis of tissue-extracted DNA in patients with <4 points may be considered. We discourage the use of the consensus score value as an indicator of the probability of cancer development. Moreover, we suggest considering cancer screening for negative patients with ILO (risk ~2%) and HB screening for patients with UPD(11)pat (risk ~4%).
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Libes J, Hol J, Neto JCDA, Vallance KL, Tinteren HV, Benedetti DJ, Villar GLR, Duncan C, Ehrlich PF. Pediatric renal tumor epidemiology: Global perspectives, progress, and challenges. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2023; 70:e30006. [PMID: 36326750 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.30006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Pediatric renal tumors account for 3%-11% of childhood cancers, the most common of which is Wilms tumor or nephroblastoma. Epidemiology plays a key role in cancer prevention and control by describing the distribution of cancer and discovering risk factors for cancer. Large pediatric research consortium trials have led to a clearer understanding of pediatric renal tumors, identification of risk factors, and development of more risk-adapted therapies. These therapies have improved event-free and overall survival for children. However, several challenges remain and not all children have benefited from the improved outcomes. In this article, we review the global epidemiology of pediatric renal tumors, including key consortium and global studies. We identify current knowledge gaps and challenges facing both high and low middle-incomes countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaime Libes
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Peoria, Illinois, USA
| | - Janna Hol
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | | | - Kelly L Vallance
- Hematology and Oncology, Cook Children's Medical Center, Fort Worth, Texas, USA
| | | | - Daniel J Benedetti
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Gema Lucia Ramirez Villar
- Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocio, Pediatric Oncology Unit, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - Catriona Duncan
- Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children (GOSH), NHS Foundation Trust, NIHR, Great Ormond Street Hospital Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK
| | - Peter F Ehrlich
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, C.S. Mott Children's Hospital, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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25
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Splicing-Disrupting Mutations in Inherited Predisposition to Solid Pediatric Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14235967. [PMID: 36497448 PMCID: PMC9739414 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14235967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of hereditary cancer in children was estimated to be very low until recent studies suggested that at least 10% of pediatric cancer patients carry a germline mutation in a cancer predisposition gene. A significant proportion of pathogenic variants associated with an increased risk of hereditary cancer are variants affecting splicing. RNA splicing is an essential process involved in different cellular processes such as proliferation, survival, and differentiation, and alterations in this pathway have been implicated in many human cancers. Hereditary cancer genes are highly susceptible to splicing mutations, and among them there are several genes that may contribute to pediatric solid tumors when mutated in the germline. In this review, we have focused on the analysis of germline splicing-disrupting mutations found in pediatric solid tumors, as the discovery of pathogenic splice variants in pediatric cancer is a growing field for the development of personalized therapies. Therapies developed to correct aberrant splicing in cancer are also discussed as well as the options to improve the diagnostic yield based on the increase in the knowledge in splicing.
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Eggermann T, Prawitt D. Further understanding of paternal uniparental disomy in Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome. Expert Rev Endocrinol Metab 2022; 17:513-521. [PMID: 36377076 DOI: 10.1080/17446651.2022.2144228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Paternal uniparental disomy of chromosome 11 (upd(11)pat) accounts for up to 20% of molecularly confirmed Beckwith-Wiedemann spectrum (BWSp) cases. It belongs to the BWSp subgroup with the second highest tumor risk, and therefore needs particular awareness in research, diagnostics and clinical management. AREAS COVERED We overview the contribution of paternal (mosaic) uniparental disomy of chromosome 11 (UPD, upd(11)pat) and mosaic paternal uniparental diploidy in patients with Beckwith-Wiedemann features. The review comprises the current knowledge on their formation and their molecular and clinical consequences. Accordingly, the consequences for diagnostic testing and clinical monitoring are compiled. EXPERT OPINION The necessity to diagnostically identify and thus discriminate genome-wide paternal uniparental disomy, and upd(11)pat becomes obvious, due to the differences in the clinical course, disease prognosis, and treatment. In particular, monitoring of tumor development by liquid biopsy might be a promising option in the future. From the research point of view, it should be addressed why 11p is prone to mitotic recombination and thus also provide to the role of upd(11) as second hit in tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Eggermann
- Medical Faculty, Institute of Human Genetics, RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Dirk Prawitt
- Center for Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
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27
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Kim HY, Shin CH, Lee YA, Shin CH, Kim GH, Ko JM. Deciphering Epigenetic Backgrounds in a Korean Cohort with Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome. Ann Lab Med 2022; 42:668-677. [PMID: 35765875 PMCID: PMC9277041 DOI: 10.3343/alm.2022.42.6.668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Beckwith–Wiedemann syndrome (BWS) is a congenital overgrowth disorder caused by genetic or epigenetic alterations at two imprinting centers (ICs) in the 11p15.5 region. Delineation of the molecular defects is important for prognosis and predicting familial recurrence. We evaluated epigenetic alterations and potential epigenotype–phenotype correlations in Korean children with BWS. Methods Forty children with BWS with proven genetic or epigenetic defects in the 11p15.5 region were included. The phenotype was scored using the BWS consensus scoring system. Methylation-specific multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MS-MLPA), bisulfite pyrosequencing, a single-nucleotide polymorphism microarray, and CDKN1C sequencing were used for confirmative diagnosis. Results Patients met the criteria for genetic testing, with a mean clinical score of 5.4±2.0. Methylation alterations were consistent between MS-MLPA and bisulfite pyrosequencing in all patients. Twenty-six patients (65.0%) had IC2 loss of methylation (IC2-LoM), 11 (27.5%) had paternal uniparental disomy (patUPD), and one (2.5%) had IC1 gain of methylation. Macroglossia and external ear anomalies were more common in IC2-LoM than in patUPD, and lateralized overgrowth was more common in patUPD than in IC2-LoM (all P<0.05). Methylation levels at IC2 were inversely correlated with birth weight standard deviation score (r=–0.476, P=0.014) and clinical score (r=–0.520, P=0.006) in the IC2-LoM group. Conclusions Comprehensive molecular analysis of the 11p15.5 region revealed epigenotype–phenotype correlations in our BWS cohort. Bisulfite pyrosequencing can help clarify epigenotypes. Methylation levels were correlated with fetal growth and clinical severity in patients with BWS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hwa Young Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Choong Ho Shin
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Ah Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chang Ho Shin
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Gu-Hwan Kim
- Medical Genetics Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung Min Ko
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Rare Disease Center, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Nussbaumer G, Benesch M. Hepatoblastoma in molecularly defined, congenital diseases. Am J Med Genet A 2022; 188:2527-2535. [PMID: 35478319 PMCID: PMC9545988 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.62767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Beckwith-Wiedemann spectrum, Simpson-Golabi-Behmel syndrome, familial adenomatous polyposis and trisomy 18 are the most common congenital conditions associated with an increased incidence of hepatoblastoma (HB). In patients with these genetic disorders, screening protocols for HB are proposed that include periodic abdominal ultrasound and measurement of alpha-fetoprotein levels. Surveillance in these children may contribute to the early detection of HB and possibly improve their chances of overall survival. Therefore, physicians must be aware of the high HB incidence in children with certain predisposing genetic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gunther Nussbaumer
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent MedicineMedical University of GrazGrazAustria
| | - Martin Benesch
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent MedicineMedical University of GrazGrazAustria
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Cardoso LCDA, Parra A, Gil CR, Arias P, Gallego N, Romanelli V, Kantaputra PN, Lima L, Llerena Júnior JC, Arberas C, Guillén-Navarro E, Nevado J, Tenorio-Castano J, Lapunzina P. Clinical Spectrum and Tumour Risk Analysis in Patients with Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome Due to CDKN1C Pathogenic Variants. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14153807. [PMID: 35954470 PMCID: PMC9367242 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14153807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome spectrum (BWSp) is an overgrowth disorder caused by imprinting or genetic alterations at the 11p15.5 locus. Clinical features include overgrowth, macroglossia, neonatal hypoglycaemia, omphalocele, hemihyperplasia, cleft palate, and increased neoplasm incidence. The most common molecular defect observed is hypomethylation at the imprinting centre 2 (KCNQ1OT1:TSS DMR) in the maternal allele, which accounts for approximately 60% of cases, although CDKN1C pathogenic variants have been reported in 5-10% of patients, with a higher incidence in familial cases. In this study, we examined the clinical and molecular features of all cases of BWSp identified by the Spanish Overgrowth Registry Initiative with pathogenic or likely pathogenic CDKN1C variants, ascertained by Sanger sequencing or next-generation sequencing, with special focus on the neoplasm incidence, given that there is scarce knowledge of this feature in CDKN1C-associated BWSp. In total, we evaluated 21 cases of BWSp with CDKN1C variants; 19 were classified as classical BWS according to the BWSp scoring classification by Brioude et al. One of our patients developed a mediastinal ganglioneuroma. Our study adds evidence that tumour development in patients with BWSp and CDKN1C variants is infrequent, but it is extremely relevant to the patient's follow-up and supports the high heterogeneity of BWSp clinical features associated with CDKN1C variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Cabral de Almeida Cardoso
- INGEMM-Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital La Paz (IdiPAZ), Hospital Universitario La Paz, 28046 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alejandro Parra
- INGEMM-Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital La Paz (IdiPAZ), Hospital Universitario La Paz, 28046 Madrid, Spain
- CIBERER, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, ISCIII, 28046 Madrid, Spain
- ITHACA-European Reference Network, Hospital La Paz, 28046 Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Ríos Gil
- INGEMM-Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital La Paz (IdiPAZ), Hospital Universitario La Paz, 28046 Madrid, Spain
- CIBERER, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, ISCIII, 28046 Madrid, Spain
- ITHACA-European Reference Network, Hospital La Paz, 28046 Madrid, Spain
| | - Pedro Arias
- INGEMM-Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital La Paz (IdiPAZ), Hospital Universitario La Paz, 28046 Madrid, Spain
| | - Natalia Gallego
- INGEMM-Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital La Paz (IdiPAZ), Hospital Universitario La Paz, 28046 Madrid, Spain
- CIBERER, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, ISCIII, 28046 Madrid, Spain
- ITHACA-European Reference Network, Hospital La Paz, 28046 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Piranit Nik Kantaputra
- Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Leonardo Lima
- Instituto Fernandes Figueira IFF/FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro 22250-020, Brazil
| | | | - Claudia Arberas
- Hospital de Niños Dr. Ricardo Gutiérrez, Sección Genética Médica Gallo 1330, C1425EFD CABA, Argentina
| | - Encarna Guillén-Navarro
- CIBERER, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, ISCIII, 28046 Madrid, Spain
- Sección Genética Médica, Servicio de Pediatría, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, IMIB-Arrixaca, Universidad de Murcia, El Palmar, 30120 Murcia, Spain
| | - Julián Nevado
- INGEMM-Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital La Paz (IdiPAZ), Hospital Universitario La Paz, 28046 Madrid, Spain
- CIBERER, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, ISCIII, 28046 Madrid, Spain
- ITHACA-European Reference Network, Hospital La Paz, 28046 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Jair Tenorio-Castano
- INGEMM-Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital La Paz (IdiPAZ), Hospital Universitario La Paz, 28046 Madrid, Spain
- CIBERER, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, ISCIII, 28046 Madrid, Spain
- ITHACA-European Reference Network, Hospital La Paz, 28046 Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo Lapunzina
- INGEMM-Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital La Paz (IdiPAZ), Hospital Universitario La Paz, 28046 Madrid, Spain
- CIBERER, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, ISCIII, 28046 Madrid, Spain
- ITHACA-European Reference Network, Hospital La Paz, 28046 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +34-91-727-72-17; Fax: +34-91-207-10-40
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30
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Liu Y, Chen Y, Zhang Y, Zhong Q, Zhu X, Wu Q. A functionalized magnetic nanoparticle regulated CRISPR-Cas12a sensor for the ultrasensitive detection of alpha-fetoprotein. Analyst 2022; 147:3186-3192. [PMID: 35697344 DOI: 10.1039/d2an00697a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is an important clinical tumor marker of hepatoblastoma, and the concentration of AFP in serum is closely related to the staging of hepatoblastoma. We report a magnetic bead separation platform based on a switching aptamer triggered hybridization chain reaction (SAT-HCR) and the CRISPR-Cas12a sensor for the in vitro detection of AFP. AFP aptamer, as an easily regulated nucleic acid strand, is responsible for binding to AFP into nucleic acid detection, while HCR-CRISPR-Cas12a, regulated by functionalized magnetic nanoparticles, is responsible for highly specific nucleic acid signal amplification. Under the optimal conditions, the fluorescence intensity was proportional to the concentration of AFP in the range of 0.5-104 ng mL-1 and the limit of detection was 0.170 ng mL-1. In addition, we have successfully applied this biosensor to detect AFP in clinical samples from patients with hepatoblastoma, with greater sensitivity relative to ELISA. Our proposed method showed great potential application in clinical diagnosis and pharmaceutical-related fields with the properties of high sensitivity, low cost and high selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China.
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China.
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Central Laboratory, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Qi Zhong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China.
| | - Xiaoli Zhu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China.
| | - Qi Wu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital Chong Ming Branch, 202150, China.,Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China.
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Mannens MMAM, Lombardi MP, Alders M, Henneman P, Bliek J. Further Introduction of DNA Methylation (DNAm) Arrays in Regular Diagnostics. Front Genet 2022; 13:831452. [PMID: 35860466 PMCID: PMC9289263 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.831452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Methylation tests have been used for decades in regular DNA diagnostics focusing primarily on Imprinting disorders or specific loci annotated to specific disease associated gene promotors. With the introduction of DNA methylation (DNAm) arrays such as the Illumina Infinium HumanMethylation450 Beadchip array or the Illumina Infinium Methylation EPIC Beadchip array (850 k), it has become feasible to study the epigenome in a timely and cost-effective way. This has led to new insights regarding the complexity of well-studied imprinting disorders such as the Beckwith Wiedemann syndrome, but it has also led to the introduction of tests such as EpiSign, implemented as a diagnostic test in which a single array experiment can be compared to databases with known episignatures of multiple genetic disorders, especially neurodevelopmental disorders. The successful use of such DNAm tests is rapidly expanding. More and more disorders are found to be associated with discrete episignatures which enables fast and definite diagnoses, as we have shown. The first examples of environmentally induced clinical disorders characterized by discrete aberrant DNAm are discussed underlining the broad application of DNAm testing in regular diagnostics. Here we discuss exemplary findings in our laboratory covering this broad range of applications and we discuss further use of DNAm tests in the near future.
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Molecular Basis of Beckwith–Wiedemann Syndrome Spectrum with Associated Tumors and Consequences for Clinical Practice. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14133083. [PMID: 35804856 PMCID: PMC9265096 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14133083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Beckwith–Wiedemann syndrome (BWS, OMIM 130650) is an inborn overgrowth disorder caused by molecular alterations in chromosome 11p15.5. These molecular changes affect so-called imprinted genes, i.e., genes which underlie a complex regulation which is linked to the parental origin of the gene copy. Thus, either the maternal gene copy is expressed or the paternal, but this balanced regulation is prone to disturbances. In fact, different types of molecular variants have been identified in BWS, resulting in a variable phenotype; thus, it was consented that the syndromic entity was extended to the Beckwith–Wiedemann spectrum (BWSp). Some molecular subgroups of BWSp are associated with an increased embryonic tumor risk and have different likelihoods for specific tumors. Therefore, the precise determination of the molecular subgroup is needed for precise monitoring and treatment, but the molecular diagnostic procedure has several limitations and challenges which have to be considered. Abstract Beckwith–Wiedemann syndrome (BWS, OMIM 130650) is a congenital imprinting condition with a heterogenous clinical presentation of overgrowth and an increased childhood cancer risk (mainly nephroblastoma, hepatoblastoma or neuroblastoma). Due to the varying clinical presentation encompassing classical, clinical BWS without a molecular diagnosis and BWS-related phenotypes with an 11p15.5 molecular anomaly, the syndromic entity was extended to the Beckwith–Wiedemann spectrum (BWSp). The tumor risk of up to 30% depends on the molecular subtype of BWSp with causative genetic or epigenetic alterations in the chromosomal region 11p15.5. The molecular diagnosis of BWSp can be challenging for several reasons, including the range of causative molecular mechanisms which are frequently mosaic. The molecular basis of tumor formation appears to relate to stalled cellular differentiation in certain organs that predisposes persisting embryonic cells to accumulate additional molecular defects, which then results in a range of embryonal tumors. The molecular subtype of BWSp not only influences the overall risk of neoplasia, but also the likelihood of specific embryonal tumors.
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IGF2: Development, Genetic and Epigenetic Abnormalities. Cells 2022; 11:cells11121886. [PMID: 35741015 PMCID: PMC9221339 DOI: 10.3390/cells11121886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Revised: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In the 30 years since the first report of parental imprinting in insulin-like growth factor 2 (Igf2) knockout mouse models, we have learnt much about the structure of this protein, its role and regulation. Indeed, many animal and human studies involving innovative techniques have shed light on the complex regulation of IGF2 expression. The physiological roles of IGF-II have also been documented, revealing pleiotropic tissue-specific and developmental-stage-dependent action. Furthermore, in recent years, animal studies have highlighted important interspecies differences in IGF-II function, gene expression and regulation. The identification of human disorders due to impaired IGF2 gene expression has also helped to elucidate the major role of IGF-II in growth and in tumor proliferation. The Silver-Russell and Beckwith-Wiedemann syndromes are the most representative imprinted disorders, as they constitute both phenotypic and molecular mirrors of IGF2-linked abnormalities. The characterization of patients with either epigenetic or genetic defects altering IGF2 expression has confirmed the central role of IGF-II in human growth regulation, particularly before birth, and its effects on broader body functions, such as metabolism or tumor susceptibility. Given the long-term health impact of these rare disorders, it is important to understand the consequences of IGF2 defects in these patients.
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Ongoing Challenges in the Diagnosis of 11p15.5-Associated Imprinting Disorders. Mol Diagn Ther 2022; 26:263-272. [PMID: 35522427 DOI: 10.1007/s40291-022-00587-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/03/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The overgrowth disorder Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome and the growth restriction disorder Silver-Russell syndrome have been described as 'mirror' syndromes, in both their clinical features and molecular causes. Clinically, their nonspecific features, focused around continuous variables of atypical growth, make it hard to set diagnostic thresholds that are pragmatic without potentially excluding some cases. Molecularly, both are imprinting disorders, classically associated with 'opposite' genetic and epigenetic changes to genes on chromosome 11p15, but both are associated with somatic mosaicism as well as an increasing range of alternative (epi)genetic changes to other genes, which make molecular diagnosis an increasingly complex process. In this Current Opinion, we explore how the understanding of Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome and Silver-Russell syndrome has evolved in recent years, stretching the canonical 'mirror' designations in different ways for the two disorders and how this is changing clinical and molecular diagnosis. We suggest some possible directions of travel toward more timely and stratified diagnosis, so that patients can access the early interventions that are so critical for good outcome.
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35
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Maxillo-Facial Morphology in Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome: A Preliminary Study on (epi)Genotype-Phenotype Association in Caucasians. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19042448. [PMID: 35206635 PMCID: PMC8872180 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19042448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Beckwith–Wiedemann syndrome (BWS) is a congenital overgrowth disorder caused by various (epi)genetic alterations affecting the expression of genes on chromosome 11p15. Cardinal features include abdominal wall defects, macroglossia, and cancer predisposition. Several (epi)genotype–phenotype associations were described so far, but specific studies on the evolution over time of maxillo-facial phenotype in the molecular subtypes still are scanty. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to associate maxillo-facial morphology and growth pattern with genoype in 25 Caucasian children with BWS and macroglossia. Twelve patients experienced a loss of metilation at imprinting center 2 (IC2-LoM), five had mosaic paternal uniparental isodisomy of chromosome 11 (UPD(11)pat), and eight were negative. A more marked tongue enlargement was detected in patients with IC2-LoM and negative genotype, while UPD(11)pat children showed mild macroglossia (p = 0.048). A cluster analysis did not demonstrate any specific relationship between (epi)genotype and maxillo-facial phenotype, but separated BWS patients based on their cephalometric characteristics. Children with IC2-LoM or negative genotype displayed hyperdivergence values > 30°, clockwise growth tendency, and skeletal class II into the same cluster. They had a negative prognostic score. These preliminary data suggest the need for developing individualized protocols for early monitoring of the craniofacial growth in such patients.
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36
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Weir P, Kumaria A, Mohmed A, Javed S, Paine S, Byrne P. Glioblastoma in Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome: first case report and review of potential pathomechanisms. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 2022; 164:419-422. [PMID: 34993619 DOI: 10.1007/s00701-021-05105-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome (BWS) is a rare congenital overgrowth syndrome associated with certain childhood tumours. We present the case of a 36-year-old lady with BWS who developed a left frontoinsular secondary glioblastoma. This is the first case report in the literature of glioblastoma associated with BWS. We explore similarities in the molecular pathomechanisms of BWS and glioblastoma.
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Bresnahan M, Wojcik MH. Follow-up for a Preterm Infant with Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome. Neoreviews 2022; 23:e60-e66. [PMID: 34970667 DOI: 10.1542/neo.23-1-e60] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Monica H Wojcik
- Divisions of Newborn Medicine and.,Genetics and Genomics, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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Mussa A, Carli D, Cardaropoli S, Ferrero GB, Resta N. Lateralized and Segmental Overgrowth in Children. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13246166. [PMID: 34944785 PMCID: PMC8699773 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13246166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Congenital disorders of lateralized or segmental overgrowth (LO) are heterogeneous conditions with increased tissue growth in a body region. LO can affect every region, be localized or extensive, involve one or several embryonic tissues, showing variable severity, from mild forms with minor body asymmetry to severe ones with progressive tissue growth and related relevant complications. Recently, next-generation sequencing approaches have increased the knowledge on the molecular defects in LO, allowing classifying them based on the deranged cellular signaling pathway. LO is caused by either genetic or epigenetic somatic anomalies affecting cell proliferation. Most LOs are classifiable in the Beckwith-Wiedemann spectrum (BWSp), PI3KCA/AKT-related overgrowth spectrum (PROS/AROS), mosaic RASopathies, PTEN Hamartoma Tumor Syndrome, mosaic activating variants in angiogenesis pathways, and isolated LO (ILO). These disorders overlap over common phenotypes, making their appraisal and distinction challenging. The latter is crucial, as specific management strategies are key: some LO is associated with increased cancer risk making imperative tumor screening since childhood. Interestingly, some LO shares molecular mechanisms with cancer: recent advances in tumor biological pathway druggability and growth downregulation offer new avenues for the treatment of the most severe and complicated LO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Mussa
- Department of Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy; (D.C.); (S.C.)
- Pediatric Clinical Genetics Unit, Regina Margherita Children’s Hospital, Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0113135372
| | - Diana Carli
- Department of Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy; (D.C.); (S.C.)
- Pediatric Onco-Hematology, Stem Cell Transplantation and Cell Therapy Division, Regina Margherita Children’s Hospital, Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Simona Cardaropoli
- Department of Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy; (D.C.); (S.C.)
| | | | - Nicoletta Resta
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology (DIMO), Medical Genetics, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70121 Bari, Italy;
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Duffy KA, Getz KD, Hathaway ER, Byrne ME, MacFarland SP, Kalish JM. Characteristics Associated with Tumor Development in Individuals Diagnosed with Beckwith-Wiedemann Spectrum: Novel Tumor-(epi)Genotype-Phenotype Associations in the BWSp Population. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12111839. [PMID: 34828445 PMCID: PMC8621885 DOI: 10.3390/genes12111839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Beckwith–Wiedemann Spectrum (BWSp) is the most common epigenetic childhood cancer predisposition disorder. BWSp is caused by (epi)genetic changes affecting the BWS critical region on chromosome 11p15. Clinically, BWSp represents complex molecular and phenotypic heterogeneity resulting in a range of presentations from Classic BWS to milder features. The previously reported tumor risk based on Classic BWS cohorts is 8–10% and routine tumor screening has been recommended. This work investigated the tumor risk and correlation with phenotype within a cohort of patients from Classic BWS to BWSp using a mixed-methods approach to explore phenotype and epigenotype profiles associated with tumor development through statistical analyses with post-hoc retrospective case series review. We demonstrated that tumor risk across BWSp differs from Classic BWS and that certain phenotypic features are associated with specific epigenetic causes; nephromegaly and/or hyperinsulinism appear associated with cancer in some patients. We also demonstrated that prenatal and perinatal factors that are not currently part of the BWSp classification may factor into tumor risk. Additionally, blood testing results are not necessarily synonymous with tissue testing results. Together, it appears that the current understanding from Classic BWS of (epi)genetics and phenotype correlations with tumors is not represented in the BWSp. Further study is needed in this complex population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly A. Duffy
- Division of Human Genetics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (K.A.D.); (E.R.H.); (M.E.B.)
| | - Kelly D. Getz
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA;
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA;
| | - Evan R. Hathaway
- Division of Human Genetics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (K.A.D.); (E.R.H.); (M.E.B.)
| | - Mallory E. Byrne
- Division of Human Genetics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (K.A.D.); (E.R.H.); (M.E.B.)
| | - Suzanne P. MacFarland
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA;
- Division of Oncology, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Jennifer M. Kalish
- Division of Human Genetics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (K.A.D.); (E.R.H.); (M.E.B.)
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA;
- Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-215-590-1278
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Duffy KA, Hathaway ER, Klein SD, Ganguly A, Kalish JM. Epigenetic mosaicism and cell burden in Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome due to loss of methylation at imprinting control region 2. Cold Spring Harb Mol Case Stud 2021; 7:mcs.a006115. [PMID: 34697083 PMCID: PMC8751414 DOI: 10.1101/mcs.a006115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Beckwith–Wiedemann syndrome (BWS) is a rare overgrowth disorder caused by epigenetic alterations on Chromosome 11p15.5. Most molecular changes are sporadic and are thought to occur in a mosaic pattern. Thereby, the distribution of affected cells differs between tissues for each individual, which can complicate genotype–phenotype correlations. In two of the BWS molecular subtypes, tissue mosaicism has been demonstrated; however, mosaicism has not been specifically studied in the most common cause of BWS, loss of methylation (LOM) at KCNQ1OT1:TSS differentially methylated region (DMR) imprinting center 2 (IC2) LOM. The increased prevalence of twinning associated with the IC2 LOM subtype and the discordant phenotypes between the twins previously led to the proposal of diffused epigenetic mosaicism, leading to asymmetric distribution of affected cells during embryonic development. In this study, we evaluated the level of methylation detected in 64 samples collected from 30 individuals with IC2 LOM. We demonstrate that the IC2 LOM defect can occur in mosaic and nonmosaic patterns, and tissues from the same individual can show variable patterns, which suggests that this asymmetric distribution occurs during development. We further suggest that the clinical phenotype in individuals with BWS IC2 LOM is correlated with the epigenetic burden of affected cells in each tissue type. This series is the first report to demonstrate tissue mosaicism within the IC2 LOM epigenotype, and consideration of this mosaicism is necessary to understanding the pathogenesis of BWS.
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Nakata K, Williams R, Kinoshita Y, Koshinaga T, Moroz V, Al-Saadi R, Vujanic G, Oue T, Pritchard-Jones K. Comparative analysis of the clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with Wilms tumor in the United Kingdom and Japan. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2021; 68:e29143. [PMID: 34056846 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.29143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Wilms tumor (WT) demonstrates epidemiological differences by world region and ethnicity. To enhance understanding of these differences, we retrospectively analyzed clinical trial data sets from the UK and Japan over a 20-year period. PROCEDURE We used data from three consecutive clinical trials in the UK and a single study in Japan that enrolled patients diagnosed during 1996-2015, to compare clinical characteristics and outcomes between countries. RESULTS During 1996-2015, 1395 patients in the UK and 537 in Japan were included. Japanese patients have a significantly younger median age at diagnosis than those in the UK (28 months vs 39 months). The proportion of patients with stage IV, large tumors, and anaplastic histology appears to be higher in the UK than in Japan (18% vs 11%, 62% vs 49%, 8% vs 3%, respectively). During 2005-2015, 77 hospitals treated WT in Japan compared with only 20 hospitals in the UK. Five-year overall survival of patients with WT was over 90% in both countries, but five-year event-free survival of patients with stage IV was significantly lower in Japan than in the UK (50.0% vs 76.2%, P = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Differences in age of onset, tumor size at diagnosis, and histology may reflect differences in the genetic background of patients with WT between countries, but population-based phenotype-genotype data are lacking. The difference in survival probability for stage IV patients may be due to different diagnostic criteria or different treatment strategies. Prospective, international clinical studies including genomic analyses are needed to confirm these findings and improve clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayo Nakata
- Cancer Control Center, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, Japan
| | - Richard Williams
- Developmental Biology and Cancer Research and Teaching Department, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
- Imperial BRC Genomics Facility, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Yoshiaki Kinoshita
- Malignant Tumor Committee, Japanese Society of Pediatric Surgeons, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Veronica Moroz
- Cancer Research UK Clinical Trials Unit, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Reem Al-Saadi
- Developmental Biology and Cancer Research and Teaching Department, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
- Department of Histopathology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | | | - Takaharu Oue
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Hyogo College of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Kathy Pritchard-Jones
- Developmental Biology and Cancer Research and Teaching Department, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
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Feng SG, Bhandari R, Ya L, Zhixuan B, Qiuhui P, Jiabei Z, Sewi M, Ni Z, Jing W, Fenyong S, Ji M, Bhandari R. SNHG9 promotes Hepatoblastoma Tumorigenesis via miR-23a-5p/Wnt3a Axis. J Cancer 2021; 12:6031-6049. [PMID: 34539877 PMCID: PMC8425203 DOI: 10.7150/jca.60748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Hepatoblastoma is a common hepatic tumor occurring in children between 0-5 years. Accumulating studies have shown lncRNA's potential role in distinct cancer progression and development, including hepatoblastoma. SnoRNA host gene 9 (SNHG9) is associated with the progression of distinct human cancers, but, its specific molecular mechanisms in hepatoblastoma is not unknown. Methods: In this study, we estimated SNHG9 expression in hepatoblastoma tissue and cell lines by quantitative Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR). Next, we downregulated and upregulated SNHG9 expression in hepatoblastoma cell lines and then determined cell proliferation (CCK-8), colony formation, and cellular apoptosis activity. The dual luciferase reporter activity, RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP), biotin RNA pull down and Spemann's Pearson correlation coefficient assay were performed to establish the interaction between SNHG9, WNt3a and miR- 23a-5p. A xenograft in-vivo tumorgenicity test was performed to elucidate the role of SNHG9 hepatoblastoma in tumorigenesis. SNHG9 role in Cisplatin drug resistance in hepatoblastoma was also determined. Results: SNHG9 was significantly upregulated in hepatoblastoma tissue and cell lines. SNHG9 overexpression on HUH6 & HepG2 resulted in a significant increase in cell proliferation and clonogenic activity while SNHG9 knock down resulted in a sustained inhibition of cell proliferation and clonogenic activity. Dual luciferase activity, RNA immunoprecipitation and biotin pull down confirmed the direct interaction of miR-23a-5p with SNHG9. The xenograft tumorgenicity test showed SNHG9 downregulation significantly inhibited the tumor growth in BALB/c mice. ROC and Kaplan-Meier analysis showed potential prognostic and diagnostic importance of SNHG9 in hepatoblastoma. Conclusion: We concluded that SNHG9/miR-23a-5p/Wnt3a axis promotes the progression hepatoblastoma tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun Gui Feng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Chengdu Second Peoples Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610021, PR China.,Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University of Medicine Shanghai, China
| | - Rajeev Bhandari
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Chengdu Second Peoples Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610021, PR China
| | - Liu Ya
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University of Medicine Shanghai, China
| | - Bian Zhixuan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Pan Qiuhui
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Zhu Jiabei
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Mao Sewi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Zhen Ni
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Wang Jing
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Sun Fenyong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University of Medicine Shanghai, China
| | - Ma Ji
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Ramesh Bhandari
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University of Medicine Shanghai, China
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Sassi H, Elaribi Y, Jilani H, Rejeb I, Hizem S, Sebai M, Kasdallah N, Bouthour H, Hannachi S, Beygo J, Saad A, Buiting K, H'mida Ben-Brahim D, BenJemaa L. Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome: Clinical, histopathological and molecular study of two Tunisian patients and review of literature. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2021; 9:e1796. [PMID: 34510813 PMCID: PMC8580078 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.1796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Beckwith–Wiedemann syndrome (BWS) is a rare overgrowth syndrome characterized by congenital malformations and predisposition to embryonic tumors. Loss of methylation of imprinting center 2 (IC2) is the most frequent alteration and rarely associated with tumors compared to paternal uniparental disomy of chromosome 11 (UPD(11)pat) and gain of methylation of imprinting center 1. Methods Our study aimed to describe the clinical, histopathological and genetic characteristics of two patients and establish genotype‐phenotype correlations. The clinical diagnosis was based on the criteria defined by the international expert consensus of BWS. Molecular study of 11p15.5 methylation status was assessed using methylation‐specific‐multiplex ligation probe amplification (MS‐MLPA). Results Patients were aged 12 months and 3 months and fulfilled the clinical score of BWS. MS‐MLPA showed molecular alterations consisting of loss of methylation in IC2 (IC2‐LOM) at the maternal allele for one patient and a mosaic UPD(11)pat for the second patient in whom follow‐up at 6months revealed adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) with low grade of malignancy. Molecular subtypes guide the follow‐up and tumor surveillance, our major concern. Conclusion We have to take into account the psychological impact of a possible tumor whatever the underlying mechanism is. Nevertheless, the tumor risk remains high for UPD(11)pat. Our study extended the phenotype of BWS with absence of macrosomia in Tunisian patients, contrasting with literature, and added a supplementary case of ACC in the tumor spectrum of BWS patients with UPD(11)pat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hela Sassi
- Department of Congenital and Hereditary Diseases, Mongi Slim Hospital Marsa, Tunis, Tunisia.,Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Yasmina Elaribi
- Department of Congenital and Hereditary Diseases, Mongi Slim Hospital Marsa, Tunis, Tunisia.,Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Houweyda Jilani
- Department of Congenital and Hereditary Diseases, Mongi Slim Hospital Marsa, Tunis, Tunisia.,Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Imen Rejeb
- Department of Congenital and Hereditary Diseases, Mongi Slim Hospital Marsa, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Syrine Hizem
- Department of Congenital and Hereditary Diseases, Mongi Slim Hospital Marsa, Tunis, Tunisia.,Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Molka Sebai
- Department of Congenital and Hereditary Diseases, Mongi Slim Hospital Marsa, Tunis, Tunisia.,Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Nadia Kasdallah
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia.,Paediatric Department, Military Hospital of Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Habib Bouthour
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia.,Department of Paediatric Surgery, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Samia Hannachi
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia.,Laboratory of Pathology Anatomy and Cytology, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Jasmin Beygo
- Institute for Human Genetics, Essen University Hospital, Essen, Germany
| | - Ali Saad
- Department of Cytogenetics and Reproductive Biology, Farhat Hached University Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia.,Faculty of Medicine of Sousse, University of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Karin Buiting
- Institute for Human Genetics, Essen University Hospital, Essen, Germany
| | - Dorra H'mida Ben-Brahim
- Department of Cytogenetics and Reproductive Biology, Farhat Hached University Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia.,Faculty of Medicine of Sousse, University of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Lamia BenJemaa
- Department of Congenital and Hereditary Diseases, Mongi Slim Hospital Marsa, Tunis, Tunisia.,Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
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Maciaszek JL, Oak N, Nichols KE. Recent advances in Wilms' tumor predisposition. Hum Mol Genet 2021; 29:R138-R149. [PMID: 32412586 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddaa091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Wilms' tumor (WT), the most common childhood kidney cancer, develops in association with an underlying germline predisposition in up to 15% of cases. Germline alterations affecting the WT1 gene and epigenetic alterations affecting the 11p15 locus are associated with a selective increase in WT risk. Nevertheless, WT also occurs in the context of more pleiotropic cancer predispositions, such as DICER1, Li-Fraumeni and Bloom syndrome, as well as Fanconi anemia. Recent germline genomic investigations have increased our understanding of the host genetic factors that influence WT risk, with sequencing of rare familial cases and large WT cohorts revealing an expanding array of predisposition genes and associated genetic conditions. Here, we describe evidence implicating WT1, the 11p15 locus, and the recently identified genes CTR9, REST and TRIM28 in WT predisposition. We discuss the clinical features, mode of inheritance and biological aspects of tumorigenesis, when known. Despite these described associations, many cases of familial WT remain unexplained. Continued investigations are needed to fully elucidate the landscape of germline genetic alterations in children with WT. Establishing a genetic diagnosis is imperative for WT families so that individuals harboring a predisposing germline variant can undergo surveillance, which should enable the early detection of tumors and use of less intensive treatments, thereby leading to improved overall outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie L Maciaszek
- Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Ninad Oak
- Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Kim E Nichols
- Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
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45
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Imaging for Staging of Pediatric Abdominal Tumors: An Update, From the AJR Special Series on Cancer Staging. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2021; 217:786-799. [PMID: 33825502 DOI: 10.2214/ajr.20.25310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The three most common pediatric solid tumors of the abdomen are neuroblastoma, Wilms tumor, and hepatoblastoma. These embryonal tumors most commonly present in the first decade of life. Each tumor has unique imaging findings, including locoregional presentation and patterns of distant spread. Neuroblastoma, Wilms tumor, and hepatoblastoma have unique staging systems that rely heavily on imaging and influence surgical and oncologic management. The staging systems include image-defined risk factors for neuroblastoma, the Children's Oncology Group staging system for Wilms tumor, and the pretreatment extent of tumor system (PRETEXT) for hepatoblastoma. It is important for radiologists to be aware of these staging systems to optimize image acquisition and interpretation. This article provides a practical and clinically oriented approach to the role of imaging in the staging of these common embryonal tumors of childhood. The selection among imaging modalities, key findings for determining tumor stage, and the role of imaging in posttreatment response evaluation and surveil-lance are discussed. Recent updates to the relevant staging systems are highlighted with attention to imaging findings of particular prognostic importance. The information presented will help radiologists tailor the imaging approach to the individual patient and guide optimal oncologic management.
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46
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Ainuz BY, Geisler EL, Hallac RR, Perez JK, Seaward JR, Kane AA. Anterior "W" Tongue Reduction for Macroglossia in Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome. Cleft Palate Craniofac J 2021; 59:1145-1154. [PMID: 34402311 DOI: 10.1177/10556656211036607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Macroglossia occurs in 80% to 99% of patients with Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome (BWS) and a variety of surgical techniques for tongue reduction are offered by surgeons. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the postoperative outcomes of the anterior "W" tongue reduction technique in patients with BWS. METHODS A retrospective review was conducted of all patients diagnosed with BWS that underwent an anterior "W" tongue reduction for macroglossia in the past 7 years, performed by 2 surgeons. Demographics, procedural characteristics, perioperative outcomes, and complications were assessed. RESULTS A total of 19 patients met inclusion criteria consisting of 8 male and 11 female patients. The mean age at the time of surgery was 405 days, mean surgeon operating time was 1.06 h, and mean length of follow-up was 467 days. Postoperative oral competence was observed in 100% of patients. There was no reported history of sleep apnea or airway compromise. Speech delay was seen in 4 patients pre- and postoperatively. Feeding issues decreased from 7 patients preoperatively to 1 patient postoperatively. Preoperative prevalence of class III malocclusion (53%) and isolated anterior open bite (26%) decreased postoperatively to 37% and 16%, respectively. The only reported complications were superficial tip wound dehiscence in 3 patients treated with nystatin antifungal therapy. None of the patients required revisional surgery. CONCLUSION Patients treated with the anterior "W" tongue reduction technique had low rates of perioperative complications and significant improvements in oral competence. Anterior "W" tongue reduction is safe and effective for the correction of macroglossia in patients with BWS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bar Y Ainuz
- Department of Plastic Surgery, 12334University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,2755Childrens Health Systems of Texas, Analytical Imaging and Modeling (AIM) Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Emily L Geisler
- Department of Plastic Surgery, 12334University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,2755Childrens Health Systems of Texas, Analytical Imaging and Modeling (AIM) Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Rami R Hallac
- Department of Plastic Surgery, 12334University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,2755Childrens Health Systems of Texas, Analytical Imaging and Modeling (AIM) Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,Department of Plastic Surgery, 2755University of Texas Southwestern School of Medicine, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Jeyna K Perez
- Department of Plastic Surgery, 12334University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,2755Childrens Health Systems of Texas, Analytical Imaging and Modeling (AIM) Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - James R Seaward
- Department of Plastic Surgery, 12334University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,2755Childrens Health Systems of Texas, Analytical Imaging and Modeling (AIM) Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,Department of Plastic Surgery, 2755University of Texas Southwestern School of Medicine, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Alex A Kane
- Department of Plastic Surgery, 12334University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,2755Childrens Health Systems of Texas, Analytical Imaging and Modeling (AIM) Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,Department of Plastic Surgery, 2755University of Texas Southwestern School of Medicine, Dallas, TX, USA
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47
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Hol JA, Jewell R, Chowdhury T, Duncan C, Nakata K, Oue T, Gauthier-Villars M, Littooij AS, Kaneko Y, Graf N, Bourdeaut F, van den Heuvel-Eibrink MM, Pritchard-Jones K, Maher ER, Kratz CP, Jongmans MCJ. Wilms tumour surveillance in at-risk children: Literature review and recommendations from the SIOP-Europe Host Genome Working Group and SIOP Renal Tumour Study Group. Eur J Cancer 2021; 153:51-63. [PMID: 34134020 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2021.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 05/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Since previous consensus-based Wilms tumour (WT) surveillance guidelines were published, novel genes and syndromes associated with WT risk have been identified, and diagnostic molecular tests for previously known syndromes have improved. In view of this, the International Society of Pediatric Oncology (SIOP)-Europe Host Genome Working Group and SIOP Renal Tumour Study Group hereby present updated WT surveillance guidelines after an extensive literature review and international consensus meetings. These guidelines are for use by clinical geneticists, pediatricians, pediatric oncologists and radiologists involved in the care of children at risk of WT. Additionally, we emphasise the need to register all patients with a cancer predisposition syndrome in national or international databases, to enable the development of better tumour risk estimates and tumour surveillance programs in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janna A Hol
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Rosalyn Jewell
- Yorkshire Regional Genetics Service, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Tanzina Chowdhury
- Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, United Kingdom; University College London Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, United Kingdom
| | - Catriona Duncan
- Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kayo Nakata
- Cancer Control Center, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takaharu Oue
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Hyōgo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyōgo, Japan
| | | | - Annemieke S Littooij
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Yasuhiko Kaneko
- Research Institute for Clinical Oncology, Saitama Cancer Center, Saitama, Japan
| | - Norbert Graf
- Department of Pediatric Oncology & Hematology, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Franck Bourdeaut
- SIREDO Pediatric Oncology Center, Institut Curie Hospital, Paris, France
| | | | - Kathy Pritchard-Jones
- Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, United Kingdom; University College London Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, United Kingdom
| | - Eamonn R Maher
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Cambridge and NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Christian P Kratz
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology & Rare Disease Program, Hannover Medical School, Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Hannover, Germany
| | - Marjolijn C J Jongmans
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht / Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
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48
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Alnefaie M, Jefri M, Almahmoudi F. A case of unilateral sectoral iris heterochromia in an infant with Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome. Am J Ophthalmol Case Rep 2021; 23:101150. [PMID: 34189344 PMCID: PMC8220324 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajoc.2021.101150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To report a case of unilateral sectoral iris heterochromia in an infant with Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome (BWS). Observations An 8-month-old girl known case of BWS, due to hypomethylation of the DMR2 (KCNQ1OT1) on chromosome 11p15.5, with features of macroglossia, neonatal hypoglycaemia and an unusual finding of partial iris hypopegmentaion in her left eye. Conclusions This is the first reported case of iris heterochromia in a BWS patient. Further studies are needed to support the association between eye findings and BWS related genetic defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maram Alnefaie
- Umm Al-Qura University Faculty of Medicine, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
- Corresponding author. 8663, Walyalahad, 24353, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mona Jefri
- Umm Al-Qura University Faculty of Medicine, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fayqah Almahmoudi
- King Fahd Armed Forces Hospital, Department of Ophthalmology, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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49
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Lamfoon S, Abuzinada S, Yamani A, Binmadi N. Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome with macroglossia as the most significant manifestation: A case report. Clin Case Rep 2021; 9:e04479. [PMID: 34257987 PMCID: PMC8259928 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.4479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome is a complex multisystem disorder that requires collaboration of medical and dental teamfor its diagnosis and management. We present a dental overview and an update of the clinical and molecular diagnoses of Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome and its management with emphasis on macroglossia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shatha Lamfoon
- Oral Diagnostic Sciences DepartmentFaculty of DentistryKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddahSaudi Arabia
| | - Sondos Abuzinada
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery DepartmentFaculty of DentistryKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddahSaudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad Yamani
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery DepartmentFaculty of DentistryKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddahSaudi Arabia
| | - Nada Binmadi
- Oral Diagnostic Sciences DepartmentFaculty of DentistryKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddahSaudi Arabia
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50
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Mlakar V, Morel E, Mlakar SJ, Ansari M, Gumy-Pause F. A review of the biological and clinical implications of RAS-MAPK pathway alterations in neuroblastoma. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2021; 40:189. [PMID: 34103089 PMCID: PMC8188681 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-021-01967-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Neuroblastoma is the most common extra-cranial solid tumor in children, representing approximately 8% of all malignant childhood tumors and 15% of pediatric cancer-related deaths. Recent sequencing and transcriptomics studies have demonstrated the RAS-MAPK pathway’s contribution to the development and progression of neuroblastoma. This review compiles up-to-date evidence of this pathway’s involvement in neuroblastoma. We discuss the RAS-MAPK pathway’s general functioning, the clinical implications of its deregulation in neuroblastoma, and current promising therapeutics targeting proteins involved in signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vid Mlakar
- CANSEARCH Research Platform for Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Department of Pediatrics, Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Avenue de la Roseraie 64, 1205, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Edouard Morel
- CANSEARCH Research Platform for Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Department of Pediatrics, Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Avenue de la Roseraie 64, 1205, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Simona Jurkovic Mlakar
- CANSEARCH Research Platform for Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Department of Pediatrics, Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Avenue de la Roseraie 64, 1205, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Marc Ansari
- CANSEARCH Research Platform for Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Department of Pediatrics, Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Avenue de la Roseraie 64, 1205, Geneva, Switzerland.,Division of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Department of Women, Child and Adolescent, University Hospital of Geneva, Rue Willy-Donzé 6, 1205, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Fabienne Gumy-Pause
- CANSEARCH Research Platform for Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Department of Pediatrics, Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Avenue de la Roseraie 64, 1205, Geneva, Switzerland. .,Division of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Department of Women, Child and Adolescent, University Hospital of Geneva, Rue Willy-Donzé 6, 1205, Geneva, Switzerland.
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