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Martel RD, Papafragou G, Weigand S, Rolke R, Prawitt D, Birklein F, Treede RD, Magerl W. Interindividual variability in cold-pressor pain sensitivity is not explained by peripheral vascular responding and generalizes to a C-nociceptor-specific pain phenotype. Pain 2024; 165:e1-e14. [PMID: 38284423 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000003049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Pain sensitivity of healthy subjects in the cold-pressor (CP) test was proposed to be dichotomously distributed and to represent a pain sensitivity trait. Still, it has not been systematically explored which factors influence this pain sensitivity readout. The aim of this study was to distinguish potential contributions of local tissue-related factors such as perfusion and thermoregulation or gain settings in nociceptive systems. Cold-pressor-sensitive and CP-insensitive students screened from a medical student laboratory course were recruited for a CP retest with additional cardiovascular and bilateral local vascular monitoring. In addition, comprehensive quantitative sensory testing according to Deutscher Forschungsverbund Neuropathischer Schmerz standards and a sustained pinch test were performed. Cold pressor was reproducible across sessions (Cohen kappa 0.61 ± 0.14, P < 0.005). At 30 seconds in ice water, CP-sensitive subjects exhibited not only more pain (78.6 ± 26.3 vs 29.5 ± 17.5, P < 0.0001) but also significantly stronger increases in mean arterial blood pressure (12.6 ± 9.3 vs 5.6 ± 8.1 mm Hg, P < 0.05) and heart rate (15.0 ± 8.2 vs 7.1 ± 6.2 bpm, P < 0.005), and lower baroreflex sensitivity, but not local or vasoconstrictor reflex-mediated microcirculatory responses. Cold-pressor-sensitive subjects exhibited significantly lower pain thresholds also for cold, heat, and blunt pressure, and enhanced pain summation, but no significant differences in Aδ-nociceptor-mediated punctate mechanical pain. In conclusion, differences in nociceptive signal processing drove systemic cardiovascular responses. Baroreceptor activation suppressed pain and cardiovascular responses more efficiently in CP-insensitive subjects. Cold-pressor sensitivity generalized to a pain trait of C-fiber-mediated nociceptive channels, which was independent of local thermal and vascular changes in the ice-water-exposed hand. Thus, the C-fiber pain trait reflects gain setting of the nociceptive system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard D Martel
- Department of Neurophysiology, Mannheim Center for Translational Neurosciences (MCTN), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany. Martel is now with the Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany. Papafragou is now with the Vitos Orthopädische Klinik Kassel, Kassel, Germany. Weigand is now with the Department of Internal Medicine I, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany. Rolke is now with the Department of Palliative Care, RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Georgios Papafragou
- Department of Neurophysiology, Mannheim Center for Translational Neurosciences (MCTN), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany. Martel is now with the Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany. Papafragou is now with the Vitos Orthopädische Klinik Kassel, Kassel, Germany. Weigand is now with the Department of Internal Medicine I, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany. Rolke is now with the Department of Palliative Care, RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Sylvia Weigand
- Department of Neurophysiology, Mannheim Center for Translational Neurosciences (MCTN), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany. Martel is now with the Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany. Papafragou is now with the Vitos Orthopädische Klinik Kassel, Kassel, Germany. Weigand is now with the Department of Internal Medicine I, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany. Rolke is now with the Department of Palliative Care, RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | | | - Dirk Prawitt
- Pediatric Medicine, Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | | | - Rolf-Detlef Treede
- Department of Neurophysiology, Mannheim Center for Translational Neurosciences (MCTN), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany. Martel is now with the Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany. Papafragou is now with the Vitos Orthopädische Klinik Kassel, Kassel, Germany. Weigand is now with the Department of Internal Medicine I, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany. Rolke is now with the Department of Palliative Care, RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Walter Magerl
- Department of Neurophysiology, Mannheim Center for Translational Neurosciences (MCTN), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany. Martel is now with the Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany. Papafragou is now with the Vitos Orthopädische Klinik Kassel, Kassel, Germany. Weigand is now with the Department of Internal Medicine I, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany. Rolke is now with the Department of Palliative Care, RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
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2
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Eggermann T, Prawitt D. Further understanding of paternal uniparental disomy in Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome. Expert Rev Endocrinol Metab 2022; 17:513-521. [PMID: 36377076 DOI: 10.1080/17446651.2022.2144228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Paternal uniparental disomy of chromosome 11 (upd(11)pat) accounts for up to 20% of molecularly confirmed Beckwith-Wiedemann spectrum (BWSp) cases. It belongs to the BWSp subgroup with the second highest tumor risk, and therefore needs particular awareness in research, diagnostics and clinical management. AREAS COVERED We overview the contribution of paternal (mosaic) uniparental disomy of chromosome 11 (UPD, upd(11)pat) and mosaic paternal uniparental diploidy in patients with Beckwith-Wiedemann features. The review comprises the current knowledge on their formation and their molecular and clinical consequences. Accordingly, the consequences for diagnostic testing and clinical monitoring are compiled. EXPERT OPINION The necessity to diagnostically identify and thus discriminate genome-wide paternal uniparental disomy, and upd(11)pat becomes obvious, due to the differences in the clinical course, disease prognosis, and treatment. In particular, monitoring of tumor development by liquid biopsy might be a promising option in the future. From the research point of view, it should be addressed why 11p is prone to mitotic recombination and thus also provide to the role of upd(11) as second hit in tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Eggermann
- Medical Faculty, Institute of Human Genetics, RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Dirk Prawitt
- Center for Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
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3
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van der Kaay DCM, Rochtus A, Binder G, Kurth I, Prawitt D, Netchine I, Johannsson G, Hokken-Koelega ACS, Elbracht M, Eggermann T. Comprehensive genetic testing approaches as the basis for personalized management of growth disturbances: current status and perspectives. Endocr Connect 2022; 11:e220277. [PMID: 36064195 PMCID: PMC9578069 DOI: 10.1530/ec-22-0277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The implementation of high-throughput and deep sequencing methods in routine genetic diagnostics has significantly improved the diagnostic yield in patient cohorts with growth disturbances and becomes increasingly important as the prerequisite of personalized medicine. They provide considerable chances to identify even rare and unexpected situations; nevertheless, we must be aware of their limitations. A simple genetic test in the beginning of a testing cascade might also help to identify the genetic cause of specific growth disorders. However, the clinical picture of genetically caused growth disturbance phenotypes can vary widely, and there is a broad clinical overlap between different growth disturbance disorders. As a consequence, the clinical diagnosis and therewith connected the decision on the appropriate genetic test is often a challenge. In fact, the clinician asking for genetic testing has to weigh different aspects in this decision process, including appropriateness (single gene test, stepwise procedure, comprehensive testing), turnaround time as the basis for rapid intervention, and economic considerations. Therefore, a frequent question in that context is 'what to test when'. In this review, we aim to review genetic testing strategies and their strengths and limitations and to raise awareness for the future implementation of interdisciplinary genome medicine in diagnoses, treatment, and counselling of growth disturbances.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anne Rochtus
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Gerhard Binder
- University Children’s Hospital, Pediatric Endocrinology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ingo Kurth
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Dirk Prawitt
- Center for Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Irène Netchine
- Sorbonne Université, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, INSERM, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
| | - Gudmundur Johannsson
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Endocrinology at Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anita C S Hokken-Koelega
- Erasmus University Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, Subdivision of Endocrinology, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Miriam Elbracht
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Thomas Eggermann
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
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4
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Galetzka D, Böck J, Wagner L, Dittrich M, Sinizyn O, Ludwig M, Rossmann H, Spix C, Radsak M, Scholz-Kreisel P, Mirsch J, Linke M, Brenner W, Marron M, Poplawski A, Haaf T, Schmidberger H, Prawitt D. Hypermethylation of RAD9A intron 2 in childhood cancer patients, leukemia and tumor cell lines suggest a role for oncogenic transformation. EXCLI J 2022; 21:117-143. [PMID: 35221838 PMCID: PMC8859646 DOI: 10.17179/excli2021-4482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Most childhood cancers occur sporadically and cannot be explained by an inherited mutation or an unhealthy lifestyle. However, risk factors might trigger the oncogenic transformation of cells. Among other regulatory signals, hypermethylation of RAD9A intron 2 is responsible for the increased expression of RAD9A protein, which may play a role in oncogenic transformation. Here, we analyzed the RAD9A intron 2 methylation in primary fibroblasts of 20 patients with primary cancer in childhood and second primary cancer (2N) later in life, 20 matched patients with only one primary cancer in childhood (1N) and 20 matched cancer-free controls (0N), using bisulfite pyrosequencing and deep bisulfite sequencing (DBS). Four 1N patients and one 2N patient displayed elevated mean methylation levels (≥ 10 %) of RAD9A. DBS revealed ≥ 2 % hypermethylated alleles of RAD9A, indicative for constitutive mosaic epimutations. Bone marrow samples of NHL and AML tumor patients (n=74), EBV (Epstein Barr Virus) lymphoblasts (n=6), tumor cell lines (n=5) and FaDu subclones (n=13) were analyzed to substantiate our findings. We find a broad spectrum of tumor entities with an aberrant methylation of RAD9A. We detected a significant difference in mean methylation of RAD9A for NHL versus AML patients (p ≤0.025). Molecular karyotyping of AML samples during therapy with hypermethylated RAD9A showed an evolving duplication of 1.8 kb on Chr16p13.3 including the PKD1 gene. Radiation, colony formation assays, cell proliferation, PCR and molecular karyotyping SNP-array experiments using generated FaDu subclones suggest that hypermethylation of RAD9A intron 2 is associated with genomic imbalances in regions with tumor-relevant genes and survival of the cells. In conclusion, this is the very first study of RAD9A intron 2 methylation in childhood cancer and Leukemia. RAD9A epimutations may have an impact on leukemia and tumorigenesis and can potentially serve as a biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danuta Galetzka
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Radiation Therapy, University Medical Centre, Mainz, Germany
| | - Julia Böck
- Institute of Human Genetics, Julius Maximilians University, Würzburg, Germany.,Institute of Pathology, Julius Maximilians University, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Lukas Wagner
- Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Centre, Mainz, Germany
| | - Marcus Dittrich
- Bioinformatics Department, Julius Maximilians University, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Olesja Sinizyn
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Radiation Therapy, University Medical Centre, Mainz, Germany
| | | | - Heidi Rossmann
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Centre, Mainz, Germany
| | - Claudia Spix
- Division of Childhood Cancer Epidemiology, Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University Medical Centre, Mainz, Germany
| | - Markus Radsak
- Department of Hematology, University Medical Centre, Mainz, Germany
| | | | - Johanna Mirsch
- Radiation Biology and DNA Repair, Technical University of Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Matthias Linke
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Centre, Mainz, Germany
| | - Walburgis Brenner
- Department of Obstetrics and Women's Health, University Medical Centre, Mainz, Germany
| | - Manuela Marron
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Bremen, Germany
| | - Alicia Poplawski
- Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University Medical Centre, Mainz, Germany
| | - Thomas Haaf
- Institute of Human Genetics, Julius Maximilians University, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Heinz Schmidberger
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Radiation Therapy, University Medical Centre, Mainz, Germany
| | - Dirk Prawitt
- Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Centre, Mainz, Germany
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Bahn A, Brocherie P, Prawitt D. Hyperuricemia Drives Pancreatic β‐cell Death Facilitated by DEPTOR uratylation. FASEB J 2021. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2021.35.s1.02240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Dirk Prawitt
- Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent MedicineJohannes Gutenberg University Medical CentreMainz
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Abstract
Abstract
Genomic imprinting ensures the parent-specific expression of either the maternal or the paternal allele, by different epigenetic processes (DNA methylation and histone modifications) that confer parent-specific marks (imprints) in the paternal and maternal germline, respectively. Most protein-coding imprinted genes are involved in embryonic growth, development, and behavior. They are usually organized in genomic domains that are regulated by differentially methylated regions (DMRs). Genomic imprints are erased in the primordial germ cells and then reset in a gene-specific manner according to the sex of the germline. The imprinted genes regulate and interact with other genes, consistent with the existence of an imprinted gene network. Defects of genomic imprinting result in syndromal imprinting disorders. To date a dozen congenital imprinting disorders are known. Usually, a given imprinting disorder can be caused by different types of defects, including point mutations, deletions/duplications, uniparental disomy, and epimutations. Causative trans-acting factors in imprinting disorders, including ZFP57 and the subcortical maternal complex (SCMC), have the potential to affect multiple DMRs across the genome, resulting in a multi-locus imprinting disturbance. There is evidence that mutations in components of the SCMC can confer an increased risk for imprinting disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dirk Prawitt
- Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine , University Medical Centre Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz , Obere Zahlbacher Str. 63 , Mainz , Germany
| | - Thomas Haaf
- Institute of Human Genetics , Julius Maximilians University , Würzburg , Germany
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7
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Galetzka D, Müller T, Dittrich M, Endres M, Kartal N, Sinizyn O, Rapp S, Zeller T, Müller C, Hankeln T, Scholz-Kreisel P, Chorzempa H, Mirsch J, Poplawski A, Rossmann H, Spix C, Haaf T, Prawitt D, Marron M, Schmidberger H. Correction to: Molecular karyotyping and gene expression analysis in childhood cancer patients. J Mol Med (Berl) 2020; 98:1657. [PMID: 32978668 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-020-01986-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The correct Author names are presented in this paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danuta Galetzka
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Radiation Therapy, University Medical Centre, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Obere Zahlbacher Str. 63, 55131, Mainz, Germany.
| | - Tobias Müller
- Bioinformatics Department, Julius Maximilians University, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Marcus Dittrich
- Bioinformatics Department, Julius Maximilians University, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Miriam Endres
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Radiation Therapy, University Medical Centre, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Obere Zahlbacher Str. 63, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Nergiz Kartal
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Radiation Therapy, University Medical Centre, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Obere Zahlbacher Str. 63, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Olesja Sinizyn
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Radiation Therapy, University Medical Centre, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Obere Zahlbacher Str. 63, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Steffen Rapp
- Institute of Organismal and Molecular Evolution, Molecular Genetics and Genome Analysis, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany.,Preventive Cardiology and Preventive Medicine, Center for Cardiology, University Medical Centre, Mainz, Germany
| | - Tanja Zeller
- University Heart & Vascular Center, Clinic for Cardiology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,Dzhk (Deutsches Zentrum für Herzkreislauf-Forschung), Standort Hamburg, Lübeck, Kiel, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christian Müller
- University Heart & Vascular Center, Clinic for Cardiology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,Dzhk (Deutsches Zentrum für Herzkreislauf-Forschung), Standort Hamburg, Lübeck, Kiel, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Hankeln
- Institute of Organismal and Molecular Evolution, Molecular Genetics and Genome Analysis, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Peter Scholz-Kreisel
- Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University Medical Centre, Mainz, Germany
| | - Heather Chorzempa
- Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Centre, Mainz, Germany.,Institute of Human Genetics, Julius Maximilians University, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Johanna Mirsch
- Radiation Biology and DNA Repair, University of Technology, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Alicia Poplawski
- Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University Medical Centre, Mainz, Germany
| | - Heidi Rossmann
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Centre, Mainz, Germany
| | - Claudia Spix
- German Childhood Cancer Registry, Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University Medical Centre, Mainz, Germany
| | - Thomas Haaf
- Institute of Human Genetics, Julius Maximilians University, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Dirk Prawitt
- Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Centre, Mainz, Germany
| | - Manuela Marron
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Bremen, Germany
| | - Heinz Schmidberger
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Radiation Therapy, University Medical Centre, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Obere Zahlbacher Str. 63, 55131, Mainz, Germany
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Eggermann T, Elbracht M, Kurth I, Juul A, Johannsen TH, Netchine I, Mastorakos G, Johannsson G, Musholt TJ, Zenker M, Prawitt D, Pereira AM, Hiort O. Genetic testing in inherited endocrine disorders: joint position paper of the European reference network on rare endocrine conditions (Endo-ERN). Orphanet J Rare Dis 2020; 15:144. [PMID: 32513286 PMCID: PMC7278165 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-020-01420-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background With the development of molecular high-throughput assays (i.e. next generation sequencing), the knowledge on the contribution of genetic and epigenetic alterations to the etiology of inherited endocrine disorders has massively expanded. However, the rapid implementation of these new molecular tools in the diagnostic settings makes the interpretation of diagnostic data increasingly complex. Main body This joint paper of the ENDO-ERN members aims to overview chances, challenges, limitations and relevance of comprehensive genetic diagnostic testing in rare endocrine conditions in order to achieve an early molecular diagnosis. This early diagnosis of a genetically based endocrine disorder contributes to a precise management and helps the patients and their families in their self-determined planning of life. Furthermore, the identification of a causative (epi)genetic alteration allows an accurate prognosis of recurrence risks for family planning as the basis of genetic counselling. Asymptomatic carriers of pathogenic variants can be identified, and prenatal testing might be offered, where appropriate. Conclusions The decision on genetic testing in the diagnostic workup of endocrine disorders should be based on their appropriateness to reliably detect the disease-causing and –modifying mutation, their informational value, and cost-effectiveness. The future assessment of data from different omic approaches should be embedded in interdisciplinary discussions using all available clinical and molecular data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Eggermann
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany.
| | - Miriam Elbracht
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Ingo Kurth
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Anders Juul
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Rigshospitalet, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Trine Holm Johannsen
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Rigshospitalet, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Irène Netchine
- INSERM, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Sorbonne Université, UFR Médecine, AP-HP, Hôpital Armand Trousseau-Explorations Fonctionnelles Endocriniennes, Paris, France
| | - George Mastorakos
- Unit of Endocrinology, Diabetes Mellitus and Metabolism, ARETAIEION Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Gudmundur Johannsson
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg and Department of Endocrinology at Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Thomas J Musholt
- Section of Endocrine Surgery, Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Martin Zenker
- Institute of Human Genetics, Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Dirk Prawitt
- Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Alberto M Pereira
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Olaf Hiort
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Paediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
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Breuksch I, Welter J, Bauer HK, Enklaar T, Frees S, Thüroff JW, Hasenburg A, Prawitt D, Brenner W. In renal cell carcinoma the PTEN splice variant PTEN-Δ shows similar function as the tumor suppressor PTEN itself. Cell Commun Signal 2018; 16:35. [PMID: 29954386 PMCID: PMC6025732 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-018-0247-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Loss of PTEN is involved in tumor progression of several tumor entities including renal cell carcinoma (RCC). During the translation process PTEN generates a number of splice variants, including PTEN-Δ. We analyzed the impact of PTEN-Δ in RCC progression. Methods In specimens of RCC patients the expression of PTEN-Δ and PTEN was quantified. The PTEN expressing RCC cell line A498 and the PTEN deficient 786-O cell line were stably transfected with the PTEN-Δ or PTEN transcript. In Caki-1 cells that highly express PTEN-Δ, this isoform was knocked down by siRNA. Cell migration, adhesion, apoptosis and signaling pathways activities were consequently analyzed in vitro. Results Patients with a higher PTEN-Δ expression had a longer lymph node metastasis free and overall survival. In RCC specimens, the PTEN-Δ expression correlated with the PTEN expression. PTEN-Δ as well as PTEN induced a reduced migration when using extracellular matrix (ECM) compounds as chemotaxins. This effect was confirmed by knockdown of PTEN-Δ, inducing an enhanced migration. Likewise a decreased adhesion on these ECM components could be shown in PTEN-Δ and PTEN transfected cells. The apoptosis rate was slightly increased by PTEN-Δ. In a phospho-kinase array and Western blot analyses a consequently reduced activity of AKT, p38 and JNK could be shown. Conclusions We could show that the PTEN splice variant PTEN-Δ acts similar to PTEN in a tumor suppressive manner, suggesting synergistic effects of the two isoforms. The impact of PTEN-Δ in context of tumor progression should thus be taken into account when generating new therapeutic options targeting PTEN signaling in RCC. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12964-018-0247-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines Breuksch
- Department of Gynecology, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany.,Department of Urology, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Jonas Welter
- Department of Urology, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Heide-Katharina Bauer
- Department of Gynecology, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Thorsten Enklaar
- Department of Pediatrics, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Sebastian Frees
- Department of Urology, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Joachim W Thüroff
- Department of Urology, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Annette Hasenburg
- Department of Gynecology, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Dirk Prawitt
- Department of Pediatrics, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Walburgis Brenner
- Department of Gynecology, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany. .,Department of Urology, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany.
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10
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Elbracht M, Prawitt D, Nemetschek R, Kratz C, Eggermann T. [Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome (BWS) Current Status of Diagnosis and Clinical Management: Summary of the First International Consensus Statement]. Klin Padiatr 2018; 230:151-159. [PMID: 29660755 DOI: 10.1055/a-0591-9479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome (BWS) belongs to the group of imprinting disorders and is characterized by variable clinical features, including overgrowth, macroglossia, abdominal wall defect, neonatal hypoglycemia, body asymmetry and an increased risk for embryonal tumors. In the majority of cases, molecular alterations of the Imprinting Center (IC) regions in the chromosomal region 11p15.5 can be detected, and a correlation of single clinical features with specific genomic and epigenetic changes is obvious. Therefore, the detailed molecular diagnosis is a prerequisite for a precise prediction of the tumor risk and the tumor spectrum. Furthermore, it is the basis for a well-directed genetic counselling of the families. Despite a huge number of comprehensive studies based on a large number of cases, standardized diagnostic criteria and advices for therapeutic management were missing. In the following, the recently published first international consensus guidelines drafted by 41 experts in the field of BWS from 11 European countries and the USA are summarized. Patients support groups had been included as well. In total, 72 consented recommendations for clinical and molecular diagnosis as well as for the clinical management of BWS have been published. They refer both to patients with the classical BWS phenotype and to those with "atypical" phenotypes which are summarized as BWS spectrum (BWSp). A modified clinical scoring system is now suggested, which represents the basis to initiate molecular diagnostics. Therapeutic recommendations comprise the major clinical questions in BWS/BWSp, i. e. early monitoring of an increased tumor risk, treatment of the macroglossia and the abdominal wall defects, and therapeutic interventions for hypoglycemia. However, though there was a broad consensus on the majority of therapeutic interventions, discussions on tumor monitoring are foreseeable. Thus, prospective studies to evaluate the consensus guidelines and their use are planned.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Elbracht
- Human Genetics, University Hospital, RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Dirk Prawitt
- Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Universitätsmedizin Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Rebekka Nemetschek
- Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Christian Kratz
- Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Thomas Eggermann
- Human Genetics, University Hospital, RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
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11
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Brioude F, Kalish JM, Mussa A, Foster AC, Bliek J, Ferrero GB, Boonen SE, Cole T, Baker R, Bertoletti M, Cocchi G, Coze C, De Pellegrin M, Hussain K, Ibrahim A, Kilby MD, Krajewska-Walasek M, Kratz CP, Ladusans EJ, Lapunzina P, Le Bouc Y, Maas SM, Macdonald F, Õunap K, Peruzzi L, Rossignol S, Russo S, Shipster C, Skórka A, Tatton-Brown K, Tenorio J, Tortora C, Grønskov K, Netchine I, Hennekam RC, Prawitt D, Tümer Z, Eggermann T, Mackay DJG, Riccio A, Maher ER. Expert consensus document: Clinical and molecular diagnosis, screening and management of Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome: an international consensus statement. Nat Rev Endocrinol 2018; 14:229-249. [PMID: 29377879 PMCID: PMC6022848 DOI: 10.1038/nrendo.2017.166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 308] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome (BWS), a human genomic imprinting disorder, is characterized by phenotypic variability that might include overgrowth, macroglossia, abdominal wall defects, neonatal hypoglycaemia, lateralized overgrowth and predisposition to embryonal tumours. Delineation of the molecular defects within the imprinted 11p15.5 region can predict familial recurrence risks and the risk (and type) of embryonal tumour. Despite recent advances in knowledge, there is marked heterogeneity in clinical diagnostic criteria and care. As detailed in this Consensus Statement, an international consensus group agreed upon 72 recommendations for the clinical and molecular diagnosis and management of BWS, including comprehensive protocols for the molecular investigation, care and treatment of patients from the prenatal period to adulthood. The consensus recommendations apply to patients with Beckwith-Wiedemann spectrum (BWSp), covering classical BWS without a molecular diagnosis and BWS-related phenotypes with an 11p15.5 molecular anomaly. Although the consensus group recommends a tumour surveillance programme targeted by molecular subgroups, surveillance might differ according to the local health-care system (for example, in the United States), and the results of targeted and universal surveillance should be evaluated prospectively. International collaboration, including a prospective audit of the results of implementing these consensus recommendations, is required to expand the evidence base for the design of optimum care pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frédéric Brioude
- Sorbonne Université, Pierre and Marie Curie-Paris VI University (UPMC) Université Paris 06, INSERM UMR_S938 Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), APHP Hôpital Trousseau, Explorations Fonctionnelles Endocriniennes, 26 Avenue du Docteur Arnold Netter, F-75012 Paris, France
| | - Jennifer M Kalish
- Division of Human Genetics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and the Department of Pediatrics at the Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Alessandro Mussa
- Department of Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, University of Torino, Piazza Polonia 94, 10126 Torino, Italy
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Sant'Anna Hospital, Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Corso Spezia 60, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Alison C Foster
- Birmingham Health Partners, West Midlands Regional Genetics Service, Birmingham Women's and Children's National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, Birmingham B15 2TG, UK
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Jet Bliek
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, PO Box 7057 1007 MB Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Giovanni Battista Ferrero
- Department of Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, University of Torino, Piazza Polonia 94, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Susanne E Boonen
- Clinical Genetic Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Zealand University Hospital, Sygehusvej 10 4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Trevor Cole
- Birmingham Health Partners, West Midlands Regional Genetics Service, Birmingham Women's and Children's National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, Birmingham B15 2TG, UK
| | - Robert Baker
- Beckwith-Wiedemann Support Group UK, The Drum and Monkey, Wonston, Hazelbury Bryan, Sturminster Newton, Dorset DT10 2EE, UK
| | - Monica Bertoletti
- Italian Association of Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome (AIBWS) Piazza Turati, 3, 21029, Vergiate (VA), Italy
| | - Guido Cocchi
- Alma Mater Studiorum, Bologna University, Paediatric Department, Neonatology Unit, Via Massarenti 11, 40138 Bologna BO, Italy
| | - Carole Coze
- Aix-Marseille Univ et Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM), Hôpital d'Enfants de La Timone, Service d'Hématologie-Oncologie Pédiatrique, 264 Rue Saint Pierre, 13385 Marseille, France
| | - Maurizio De Pellegrin
- Pediatric Orthopaedic Unit IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Via Olgettina Milano, 60, 20132 Milano MI, Italy
| | - Khalid Hussain
- Department of Paediatric Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Sidra Medical and Research Center, Al Gharrafa Street, Ar-Rayyan, Doha, Qatar
| | - Abdulla Ibrahim
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, North Bristol National Health Service (NHS) Trust, Southmead Hospital, Bristol BS10 5NB, UK
| | - Mark D Kilby
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
- Fetal Medicine Centre, Birmingham Women's and Children's National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TG, UK
| | | | - Christian P Kratz
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Strasse 1 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Edmund J Ladusans
- Department of Paediatric Cardiology, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, Manchester, M13 8WL UK
| | - Pablo Lapunzina
- Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM)-IdiPAZ, Hospital Universitario La Paz-UAM Paseo de La Castellana, 261, 28046, Madrid, Spain
- CIBERER, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, ISCIII, Calle de Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Yves Le Bouc
- Sorbonne Université, Pierre and Marie Curie-Paris VI University (UPMC) Université Paris 06, INSERM UMR_S938 Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), APHP Hôpital Trousseau, Explorations Fonctionnelles Endocriniennes, 26 Avenue du Docteur Arnold Netter, F-75012 Paris, France
| | - Saskia M Maas
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, PO Box 7057 1007 MB Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Fiona Macdonald
- West Midlands Regional Genetics Laboratory, Birmingham Women's and Children's National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, Birmingham, B15 2TG UK
| | - Katrin Õunap
- Department of Clinical Genetics, United Laboratories, Tartu University Hospital and Department of Clinical Genetics, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tartu, L. Puusepa 2, 51014, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Licia Peruzzi
- European Society for Paediatric Nephrology (ESPN), Inherited Kidney Disorders Working Group
- AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Regina Margherita Children's Hospital, Turin, Italy
| | - Sylvie Rossignol
- Service de Pédiatrie, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Laboratoire de Génétique Médicale, INSERM U1112 Avenue Molière 67098 STRASBOURG Cedex, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Université de Strasbourg, 4 Rue Kirschleger, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Silvia Russo
- Medical Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Centro di Ricerche e Tecnologie Biomediche IRCCS, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Via Zucchi 18, 20095 Cusano, Milan, Italy
| | - Caroleen Shipster
- Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, London, WC1N 3JH, UK
| | - Agata Skórka
- Department of Medical Genetics, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, 20, 04-730, Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Pediatrics, The Medical University of Warsaw, Zwirki i Wigury 63a, 02-091 Warszawa, Poland
| | - Katrina Tatton-Brown
- South West Thames Regional Genetics Service and St George's University of London and Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW17 0RE, UK
| | - Jair Tenorio
- Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM)-IdiPAZ, Hospital Universitario La Paz-UAM Paseo de La Castellana, 261, 28046, Madrid, Spain
- CIBERER, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, ISCIII, Calle de Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Chiara Tortora
- Regional Center for CLP, Smile House, San Paolo University Hospital, Via Antonio di Rudinì, 8, 20142, Milan, Italy
| | - Karen Grønskov
- Kennedy Center, Department of Clinical Genetics, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Irène Netchine
- Sorbonne Université, Pierre and Marie Curie-Paris VI University (UPMC) Université Paris 06, INSERM UMR_S938 Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), APHP Hôpital Trousseau, Explorations Fonctionnelles Endocriniennes, 26 Avenue du Docteur Arnold Netter, F-75012 Paris, France
| | - Raoul C Hennekam
- Department of Pediatrics, Emma Children's Hospital, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam-Zuidoost, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dirk Prawitt
- Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Langenbeckstr. 1, D-55101, Mainz, Germany
| | - Zeynep Tümer
- Kennedy Center, Department of Clinical Genetics, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thomas Eggermann
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital, Technical University of Aachen, Templergraben 55, 52062, Aachen, Germany
| | - Deborah J G Mackay
- Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Andrea Riccio
- Department of Environmental, Biological, and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (DiSTABiF), University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Caserta and Institute of Genetics and Biophysics "A. Buzzati-Traverso" - CNR, Via Pietro Castellino, 111,80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Eamonn R Maher
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Cambridge and National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre and Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
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12
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Frees S, Breuksch I, Haber T, Bauer HK, Chavez-Munoz C, Raven P, Moskalev I, D Costa N, Tan Z, Daugaard M, Thüroff JW, Haferkamp A, Prawitt D, So A, Brenner W. Calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) promotes development of bone metastasis in renal cell carcinoma. Oncotarget 2018; 9:15766-15779. [PMID: 29644008 PMCID: PMC5884663 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 02/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone metastasis is an important prognostic factor in renal cell carcinoma (RCC). The calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) has been associated with bone metastasis in several different malignancies. We analyzed the impact of CaSR in bone metastasis in RCC in vitro and in vivo. The RCC cell line 786-O was stably transfected with the CaSR gene and treated with calcium alone or in combination with the CaSR antagonist NPS2143. Afterwards migration, adhesion, proliferation and prominent signaling molecules were analyzed. Calcium treated CaSR-transfected 768-O cells showed an increased adhesion to endothelial cells and the extracellular matrix components fibronectin and collagen I, but not to collagen IV. The chemotactic cell migration and proliferation was also induced by calcium. The activity of SHC, AKT, ERK, P90RSK and JNK were enhanced after calcium treatment of CaSR-transfected cells. These effects were abolished by NPS2143. Development of bone metastasis was evaluated in vivo in a mouse model. Intracardiac injection of CaSR-transfected 768-O cells showed an increased rate of bone metastasis. The results indicate CaSR as an important component in the mechanism of bone metastasis in RCC. Therefore, targeting CaSR might be beneficial in patients with bone metastatic RCC with a high CaSR expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Frees
- Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver Prostate Centre, British Columbia, Canada.,Department of Urology, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Ines Breuksch
- Department of Gynecology, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Tobias Haber
- Department of Urology, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Heide-Katharina Bauer
- Department of Gynecology, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Claudia Chavez-Munoz
- Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver Prostate Centre, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Peter Raven
- Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver Prostate Centre, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Igor Moskalev
- Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver Prostate Centre, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Ninadh D Costa
- Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver Prostate Centre, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Zheng Tan
- Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver Prostate Centre, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Mads Daugaard
- Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver Prostate Centre, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Joachim W Thüroff
- Department of Urology, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany.,Current address: Department of Urology, University Clinic Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Axel Haferkamp
- Department of Urology, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Dirk Prawitt
- Department of Pediatrics, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Alan So
- Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver Prostate Centre, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Walburgis Brenner
- Department of Urology, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany.,Department of Gynecology, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
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13
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Monk D, Morales J, den Dunnen JT, Russo S, Court F, Prawitt D, Eggermann T, Beygo J, Buiting K, Tümer Z. Recommendations for a nomenclature system for reporting methylation aberrations in imprinted domains. Epigenetics 2018; 13:117-121. [PMID: 27911167 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2016.1264561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The analysis of DNA methylation has become routine in the pipeline for diagnosis of imprinting disorders, with many publications reporting aberrant methylation associated with imprinted differentially methylated regions (DMRs). However, comparisons between these studies are routinely hampered by the lack of consistency in reporting sites of methylation evaluated. To avoid confusion surrounding nomenclature, special care is needed to communicate results accurately, especially between scientists and other health care professionals. Within the European Network for Human Congenital Imprinting Disorders we have discussed these issues and designed a nomenclature for naming imprinted DMRs as well as for reporting methylation values. We apply these recommendations for imprinted DMRs that are commonly assayed in clinical laboratories and show how they support standardized database submission. The recommendations are in line with existing recommendations, most importantly the Human Genome Variation Society nomenclature, and should facilitate accurate reporting and data exchange among laboratories and thereby help to avoid future confusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Monk
- a Imprinting and Cancer group, Cancer Epigenetic and Biology Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute , Barcelona , Spain
| | - Joannella Morales
- b European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus , Hinxton, Cambridge , UK
| | - Johan T den Dunnen
- c Human Genetics and Clinical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center , Leiden , the Netherlands
| | - Silvia Russo
- d Laboratory of Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics, Istituto Auxologico Italiano , Milan , Italy
| | - Franck Court
- e Reproduction and Developmental Genetics , Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique , Clermont-Ferrand , France
| | - Dirk Prawitt
- f Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Obere Zahlbacher , Mainz , Germany
| | - Thomas Eggermann
- g Institute of Human Genetics, Technical University of Aachen , Aachen , Germany
| | - Jasmin Beygo
- h Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen , Germany
| | - Karin Buiting
- h Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen , Germany
| | - Zeynep Tümer
- i Applied Human Molecular Genetics, Kennedy Centre, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet , Glostrup , Denmark
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14
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Breuksch I, Prosinger F, Baehr F, Engelhardt FP, Bauer HK, Thüroff JW, Heimes AS, Hasenburg A, Prawitt D, Brenner W. Integrin α5 triggers the metastatic potential in renal cell carcinoma. Oncotarget 2017; 8:107530-107542. [PMID: 29296184 PMCID: PMC5746086 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.22501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2017] [Accepted: 10/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The therapy of advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is still a major challenge. To intervene therapeutically a deeper comprehension of the particular steps of metastasis is necessary. In this context membrane bound receptors like integrins play a decisive role. We analyzed the integrin α5 expression in 141 clear cell RCC patients by Western blot. Patients with RCC expressed a significant higher level of integrin α5 in tumor than in normal tissue. The integrin α5 expression correlated with tumor grade, the development of distant metastases within five years after tumor nephrectomy and reduced survival. The RCC cell lines Caki-1 and CCF-RC1, which highly express integrin α5, were treated with fibronectin in combination with or without an inhibiting anti-integrin α5 antibody. Afterwards the migration, adhesion, viability and prominent signaling molecules were analyzed. Both cell lines showed a significant reduced migration potential as well as a decreased adhesion potential to fibronectin after treatment with an integrin α5 blocking antibody. A contribution of the AKT and ERK1/2 signaling pathways could be demonstrated. The results indicate integrin α5 as a potent marker to discriminate patients’ tumor prognosis. Consequently the integrin subunit α5 can be considered as a target for individual therapy of advanced RCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines Breuksch
- Department of Gynecology, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, 55131 Mainz, Germany.,Department of Urology, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Franz Prosinger
- Department of Gynecology, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Fabian Baehr
- Department of Urology, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Franz-Peter Engelhardt
- Department of Urology, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Heide-Katharina Bauer
- Department of Gynecology, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Joachim W Thüroff
- Department of Urology, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Anne-Sophie Heimes
- Department of Gynecology, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Annette Hasenburg
- Department of Gynecology, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Dirk Prawitt
- Department of Pediatrics, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Walburgis Brenner
- Department of Gynecology, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, 55131 Mainz, Germany.,Department of Urology, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, 55131 Mainz, Germany
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15
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Ishibashi K, Haber T, Breuksch I, Gebhard S, Sugino T, Kubo H, Hata J, Koguchi T, Yabe M, Kataoka M, Ogawa S, Hiraki H, Yanagida T, Haga N, Thüroff JW, Prawitt D, Brenner W, Kojima Y. Overriding TKI resistance of renal cell carcinoma by combination therapy with IL-6 receptor blockade. Oncotarget 2017; 8:55230-55245. [PMID: 28903416 PMCID: PMC5589655 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.19420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a tumor entity with poor prognosis due to limited therapy options. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) represent the standard of care for RCCs, however a significant proportion of RCC patients develop resistance to this therapy. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is considered to be associated with poor prognosis in RCCs. We therefore hypothesized that TKI resistance and IL-6 secretion are causally connected. We first analyzed IL-6 expression after TKI treatment in RCC cells and RCC tumor specimens. Cell proliferation and signal transduction activity were then quantified after co-treatment with tocilizumab, an IL-6R inhibitor, in vitro and in vivo. 786-O RCC cells secrete high IL-6 levels after low dose stimulation with the TKIs sorafenib, sunitinib and pazopanib, inducing activation of AKT-mTOR pathway, NFκB, HIF-2α and VEGF expression. Tocilizumab neutralizes the AKT-mTOR pathway activation and results in reduced proliferation. Using a mouse xenograft model we can show that a combination therapy with tocilizumab and low dosage of sorafenib suppresses 786-O tumor growth, reduces AKT-mTOR pathway and inhibits angiogenesis in vivo more efficient than sorafenib alone. Furthermore FDG-PET imaging detected early decrease of maximum standardized uptake values prior to extended central necrosis. Our findings suggest that a combination therapy of IL-6R inhibitors and TKIs may represent a novel therapeutic approach for RCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kei Ishibashi
- Department of Urology, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan.,Department of Urology, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Tobias Haber
- Department of Urology, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Ines Breuksch
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Susanne Gebhard
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Takashi Sugino
- Department of Pathology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Kubo
- Advanced Clinical Research Center, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Junya Hata
- Department of Urology, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Koguchi
- Department of Urology, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Michihiro Yabe
- Department of Urology, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Masao Kataoka
- Department of Urology, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Soichiro Ogawa
- Department of Urology, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Hiraki
- Department of Urology, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Yanagida
- Department of Urology, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Haga
- Department of Urology, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Joachim W Thüroff
- Department of Urology, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Dirk Prawitt
- Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Walburgis Brenner
- Department of Urology, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany.,Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Yoshiyuki Kojima
- Department of Urology, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
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16
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van den Bruck R, Weil PP, Ziegenhals T, Schreiner P, Juranek S, Gödde D, Vogel S, Schuster F, Orth V, Dörner J, Pembaur D, Röper M, Störkel S, Zirngibl H, Wirth S, Jenke ACW, Postberg J, Boy N, Heringer J, Haege G, Glahn EM, Hoffmann GF, Garbade SF, Burgard P, Kölker S, Chao CM, Yahya F, Moiseenko A, Shrestha A, Ahmadvand N, Quantius J, Wilhelm J, El-Agha E, Zimmer KP, Bellusci S, Staufner C, Kölker S, Prokisch H, Hoffmann GF, Seeliger S, Müller M, Hippe A, Steinkraus H, Wauer R, Lachmann B, Hofmann SR, Hedrich CM, Zierk J, Arzideh F, Haeckel R, Rascher W, Rauh M, Metzler M, Thieme S, Bandoła J, Richter C, Ryser M, Jamal A, Ashton MP, von Bonin M, Kuhn M, Hedrich CM, Bonifacio E, Berner R, Brenner S, Hammersen J, Has C, Naumann-Bartsch N, Stachel D, Kiritsi D, Söder S, Tardieu M, Metzler M, Bruckner-Tuderman L, Schneider H, Bohne F, Langer D, Cencic R, Eggermann T, Zechner U, Pelletier J, Zepp F, Enklaar T, Prawitt D, Pech M, Weckmann M, Heinsen FA, Franke A, Happle C, Dittrich AM, Hansen G, Fuchs O, von Mutius E, Oliver BG, Kopp MV, Paret C, Russo A, Theruvath J, Keller B, El Malki K, Lehmann N, Wingerter A, Neu MA, Aslihan GA, Wagner W, Sommer C, Pietsch T, Seidmann L, Faber J, Schreiner F, Ackermann M, Michalik M, Rother E, Bilkei-Gorzo A, Racz I, Bindila L, Lutz B, Dötsch J, Zimmer A, Woelfle J, Fischer HS, Ullrich TL, Bührer C, Czernik C, Schmalisch G, Stein R, Hofmann SR, Hagenbuchner J, Kiechl-Kohlendorfer U, Obexer P, Ausserlechner MJ, Loges NT, Frommer AT, Wallmeier J, Omran H, Öner-Sieben S, Gimpfl M, Rozman J, Irmler M, Beckers J, De Angelis MH, Roscher A, Wolf E, Ensenauer R, Nemes K, Frühwald M, Hasselblatt M, Siebert R, Kordes U, Kool M, Wang H, Hardy H, Refai O, Barwick KES, Zimmerman HH, Weis J, Baple EL, Crosby AH, Cirak S, Hellmuth C, Uhl O, Standl M, Heinrich J, Thiering E, Koletzko B, Blümel L, Kerl K, Picard D, Frühwald MC, Liebau MC, Reifenberger G, Borkhardt A, Hasselblatt M, Remke M, Tews D, Wabitsch M, Fischer-Posovszky P, Westhoff MA, Nonnenmacher L, Langhans J, Schneele L, Trenkler N, Debatin KM. Abstracts of the 52nd Workshop for Pediatric Research : Frankfurt, Germany. 27-28 October 2016. Mol Cell Pediatr 2017; 4:5. [PMID: 28516419 PMCID: PMC5435609 DOI: 10.1186/s40348-017-0071-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rhea van den Bruck
- Department of Paediatrics, HELIOS Medical Centre Wuppertal, Centre for Clinical and Translational Research (CCTR), Witten/Herdecke University Hospital, Centre for Biomedical Education and Research (ZBAF), Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Patrick P Weil
- Department of Paediatrics, HELIOS Medical Centre Wuppertal, Centre for Clinical and Translational Research (CCTR), Witten/Herdecke University Hospital, Centre for Biomedical Education and Research (ZBAF), Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Thomas Ziegenhals
- Chair of Biochemistry, Theodor-Boveri-Institute at the Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Philipp Schreiner
- Chair of Biochemistry, Theodor-Boveri-Institute at the Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Juranek
- Chair of Biochemistry, Theodor-Boveri-Institute at the Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Daniel Gödde
- Molecular Pathology Department, HELIOS Medical Centre Wuppertal, Witten/Herdecke University Hospital, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Silvia Vogel
- Molecular Pathology Department, HELIOS Medical Centre Wuppertal, Witten/Herdecke University Hospital, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Frauke Schuster
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, HELIOS Medical Centre Wuppertal, Witten/Herdecke University Hospital, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Valerie Orth
- Department of Surgery II, HELIOS Medical Centre Wuppertal, Witten/Herdecke University Hospital, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Johannes Dörner
- Department of Surgery II, HELIOS Medical Centre Wuppertal, Witten/Herdecke University Hospital, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Daniel Pembaur
- Department of Paediatrics, HELIOS Medical Centre Wuppertal, Centre for Clinical and Translational Research (CCTR), Witten/Herdecke University Hospital, Centre for Biomedical Education and Research (ZBAF), Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Meike Röper
- Department of Paediatrics, HELIOS Medical Centre Wuppertal, Centre for Clinical and Translational Research (CCTR), Witten/Herdecke University Hospital, Centre for Biomedical Education and Research (ZBAF), Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Stefan Störkel
- Molecular Pathology Department, HELIOS Medical Centre Wuppertal, Witten/Herdecke University Hospital, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Hubert Zirngibl
- Department of Surgery II, HELIOS Medical Centre Wuppertal, Witten/Herdecke University Hospital, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Stefan Wirth
- Department of Paediatrics, HELIOS Medical Centre Wuppertal, Centre for Clinical and Translational Research (CCTR), Witten/Herdecke University Hospital, Centre for Biomedical Education and Research (ZBAF), Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Andreas C W Jenke
- Department of Paediatrics, HELIOS Medical Centre Wuppertal, Centre for Clinical and Translational Research (CCTR), Witten/Herdecke University Hospital, Centre for Biomedical Education and Research (ZBAF), Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Jan Postberg
- Department of Paediatrics, HELIOS Medical Centre Wuppertal, Centre for Clinical and Translational Research (CCTR), Witten/Herdecke University Hospital, Centre for Biomedical Education and Research (ZBAF), Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Nikolas Boy
- Centre for Child and Adolescent Medicine, Department of General Pediatrics, Division of Neuropaediatrics and Metabolic Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 430, D-69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jana Heringer
- Centre for Child and Adolescent Medicine, Department of General Pediatrics, Division of Neuropaediatrics and Metabolic Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 430, D-69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Gisela Haege
- Centre for Child and Adolescent Medicine, Department of General Pediatrics, Division of Neuropaediatrics and Metabolic Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 430, D-69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Esther M Glahn
- Centre for Child and Adolescent Medicine, Department of General Pediatrics, Division of Neuropaediatrics and Metabolic Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 430, D-69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Georg F Hoffmann
- Centre for Child and Adolescent Medicine, Department of General Pediatrics, Division of Neuropaediatrics and Metabolic Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 430, D-69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sven F Garbade
- Centre for Child and Adolescent Medicine, Department of General Pediatrics, Division of Neuropaediatrics and Metabolic Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 430, D-69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Peter Burgard
- Centre for Child and Adolescent Medicine, Department of General Pediatrics, Division of Neuropaediatrics and Metabolic Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 430, D-69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stefan Kölker
- Centre for Child and Adolescent Medicine, Department of General Pediatrics, Division of Neuropaediatrics and Metabolic Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 430, D-69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Cho-Ming Chao
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary System, Gießen, Germany.,Department for General Pediatrics and Neonatology, University Children's Hospital, Gießen, Germany.,German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Gießen, Germany
| | - Faady Yahya
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary System, Gießen, Germany.,German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Gießen, Germany
| | - Alena Moiseenko
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary System, Gießen, Germany.,German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Gießen, Germany
| | - Amit Shrestha
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary System, Gießen, Germany.,German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Gießen, Germany
| | - Negah Ahmadvand
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary System, Gießen, Germany.,German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Gießen, Germany
| | - Jennifer Quantius
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary System, Gießen, Germany.,German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Gießen, Germany
| | - Jochen Wilhelm
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary System, Gießen, Germany.,German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Gießen, Germany
| | - Elie El-Agha
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary System, Gießen, Germany.,German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Gießen, Germany
| | - Klaus-Peter Zimmer
- Department for General Pediatrics and Neonatology, University Children's Hospital, Gießen, Germany
| | - Saverio Bellusci
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary System, Gießen, Germany.,German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Gießen, Germany
| | - Christian Staufner
- Department of General Pediatrics, University Children's Hospital, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stefan Kölker
- Department of General Pediatrics, University Children's Hospital, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Holger Prokisch
- Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany.,Institute of Human Genetics, Technische Universität München, 81675, Munich, Germany
| | - Georg F Hoffmann
- Department of General Pediatrics, University Children's Hospital, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stephan Seeliger
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Intensive Care and Neonatology, University Hospital Goettingen, 37075, Goettingen, Germany.,Clinics for children and adolescents, 86633, Neuburg/Donau, Germany
| | - Matthias Müller
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Intensive Care and Neonatology, University Hospital Goettingen, 37075, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Andreas Hippe
- Department of Dermatology, Heinrich Heine University, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Henrik Steinkraus
- Department of Anesthesiology, MSP, Surgical Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital, Charité, Campus Virchow Clinic, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Roland Wauer
- Department of Neonatology, Charité, University of Medicine, 10098, Berlin, Germany
| | - Burkhard Lachmann
- Department of Anesthesiology, MSP, Surgical Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital, Charité, Campus Virchow Clinic, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sigrun R Hofmann
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Christian M Hedrich
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Jakob Zierk
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Farhad Arzideh
- Department of Statistics, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Rainer Haeckel
- Bremer Zentrum für Laboratoriumsmedizin, Klinikum Bremen Mitte, Bremen, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Rascher
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Manfred Rauh
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Markus Metzler
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Sebastian Thieme
- Department of Pediatrics, University Clinic Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Joanna Bandoła
- Department of Pediatrics, University Clinic Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Cornelia Richter
- Department of Pediatrics, University Clinic Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Martin Ryser
- Department of Pediatrics, University Clinic Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Arshad Jamal
- Department of Pediatrics, University Clinic Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Michelle P Ashton
- DFG-Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden, Cluster of Excellence, Technische Universitaet Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Malte von Bonin
- Medical Clinic I, University Clinic Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,DKTK-German Cancer Consortium, Partner Site Dresden, University Clinic Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,DKFZ-German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Matthias Kuhn
- Institute for Medical Informatics and Biometry, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universitaet Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | | | - Ezio Bonifacio
- DFG-Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden, Cluster of Excellence, Technische Universitaet Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Reinhard Berner
- Department of Pediatrics, University Clinic Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Sebastian Brenner
- Department of Pediatrics, University Clinic Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,DFG-Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden, Cluster of Excellence, Technische Universitaet Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Johanna Hammersen
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Cristina Has
- Department of Dermatology, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | | | - Daniel Stachel
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Dimitra Kiritsi
- Department of Dermatology, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Stephan Söder
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Mathilde Tardieu
- Dermatologie Pédiatrique, University Hospital Grenoble, Grenoble, France
| | - Markus Metzler
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | | | - Holm Schneider
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - F Bohne
- Centre for Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Centre, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55101, Mainz, Germany
| | - D Langer
- Centre for Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Centre, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55101, Mainz, Germany
| | - R Cencic
- Department of Biochemistry and The Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Research; Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - T Eggermann
- Institute of Human Genetics, RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - U Zechner
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Centre, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55101, Mainz, Germany
| | - J Pelletier
- Department of Biochemistry and The Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Research; Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - F Zepp
- Centre for Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Centre, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55101, Mainz, Germany
| | - T Enklaar
- Centre for Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Centre, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55101, Mainz, Germany
| | - D Prawitt
- Centre for Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Centre, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55101, Mainz, Germany
| | - Martin Pech
- University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Division Pediatric Pneumology & Allergology, Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.,Airway Research Center North (ARCN), Member of of the German Center of Lung Research (DZL), Borstel, Germany
| | - Markus Weckmann
- University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Division Pediatric Pneumology & Allergology, Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.,Airway Research Center North (ARCN), Member of of the German Center of Lung Research (DZL), Borstel, Germany
| | - Femke-Anouska Heinsen
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Andre Franke
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Christine Happle
- Hannover Medical School, Department of Pediatric Pneumology, Allergology and Neonatology, Hannover, Germany.,Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Member of of the German Center of Lung Research (DZL), Hannover, Germany
| | - Anna-Maria Dittrich
- Hannover Medical School, Department of Pediatric Pneumology, Allergology and Neonatology, Hannover, Germany.,Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Member of of the German Center of Lung Research (DZL), Hannover, Germany
| | - Gesine Hansen
- Hannover Medical School, Department of Pediatric Pneumology, Allergology and Neonatology, Hannover, Germany.,Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Member of of the German Center of Lung Research (DZL), Hannover, Germany
| | - Oliver Fuchs
- Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Dr von Hauner Children's Hospital, Munich, Germany.,Comprehensive Pneumology Center München (CPC-M), Member of of the German Center of Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Erika von Mutius
- Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Dr von Hauner Children's Hospital, Munich, Germany.,Comprehensive Pneumology Center München (CPC-M), Member of of the German Center of Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Brian G Oliver
- Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, Australia
| | - Matthias V Kopp
- University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Division Pediatric Pneumology & Allergology, Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.,Airway Research Center North (ARCN), Member of of the German Center of Lung Research (DZL), Borstel, Germany
| | - Claudia Paret
- Section of Pediatric Oncology, Children's Hospital, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Alexandra Russo
- Section of Pediatric Oncology, Children's Hospital, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Johanna Theruvath
- Section of Pediatric Oncology, Children's Hospital, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Bettina Keller
- Section of Pediatric Oncology, Children's Hospital, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Khalifa El Malki
- Section of Pediatric Oncology, Children's Hospital, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Nadine Lehmann
- Section of Pediatric Oncology, Children's Hospital, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Arthur Wingerter
- Section of Pediatric Oncology, Children's Hospital, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Marie A Neu
- Section of Pediatric Oncology, Children's Hospital, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Gerhold-Ay Aslihan
- Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics (IMBEI), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Wagner
- Section of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Clemens Sommer
- Devision of Neuropathology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Torsten Pietsch
- Department of Neuropathology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Larissa Seidmann
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Jörg Faber
- Section of Pediatric Oncology, Children's Hospital, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.,UCT Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Felix Schreiner
- Pediatric Endocrinology, Children's Hospital, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Merle Ackermann
- Pediatric Endocrinology, Children's Hospital, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Michael Michalik
- Pediatric Endocrinology, Children's Hospital, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Eva Rother
- Pediatric Endocrinology, Children's Hospital, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | | | - Ildiko Racz
- Molecular Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Laura Bindila
- Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Beat Lutz
- Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Jörg Dötsch
- Pediatric Endocrinology, Children's Hospital, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Andreas Zimmer
- Molecular Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Joachim Woelfle
- Pediatric Endocrinology, Children's Hospital, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Hendrik S Fischer
- Department of Neonatology, Charité University Medical Center, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tim L Ullrich
- Department of Neonatology, Charité University Medical Center, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christoph Bührer
- Department of Neonatology, Charité University Medical Center, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christoph Czernik
- Department of Neonatology, Charité University Medical Center, Berlin, Germany
| | - Gerd Schmalisch
- Department of Neonatology, Charité University Medical Center, Berlin, Germany
| | - Robert Stein
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Sigrun R Hofmann
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | | | | | - Petra Obexer
- Department of Pediatrics II, Innsbruck, Austria.,Tyrolean Cancer Research Institute, Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | - Niki T Loges
- Department of General Pediatrics, University Children's Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Adrien Tobias Frommer
- Department of General Pediatrics, University Children's Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Julia Wallmeier
- Department of General Pediatrics, University Children's Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Heymut Omran
- Department of General Pediatrics, University Children's Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Soner Öner-Sieben
- Experimental Pediatrics, University Children's Hospital, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Martina Gimpfl
- Research Center, University Children's Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) München, München, Germany
| | - Jan Rozman
- Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, München, Germany
| | - Martin Irmler
- Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, München, Germany
| | - Johannes Beckers
- Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, München, Germany
| | | | - Adelbert Roscher
- Research Center, University Children's Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) München, München, Germany
| | - Eckhard Wolf
- Institute of Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, Gene Center, LMU München, München, Germany
| | - Regina Ensenauer
- Experimental Pediatrics, University Children's Hospital, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.,Research Center, University Children's Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) München, München, Germany
| | - Karolina Nemes
- Children's Hospital Augsburg, Swabian Children's Cancer Center, Stenglinstr. 2, 86156, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Michael Frühwald
- Children's Hospital Augsburg, Swabian Children's Cancer Center, Stenglinstr. 2, 86156, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Martin Hasselblatt
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Münster, Pottkamp 2, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Reiner Siebert
- Department of Human Genetics, Institute of Human Genetics, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Uwe Kordes
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Marcel Kool
- Division of Pediatric Neurooncology (B062), German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Haicui Wang
- Uniklinik Köln, Klinik für Kinderheilkunde und Jugendmedizin, Köln, Germany
| | - Holly Hardy
- RILD Wellcome Wolfson Centre, Royal Devon & Exeter NHS Foundation Trust, Barrack Road, Exeter, UK
| | | | - Katy E S Barwick
- RILD Wellcome Wolfson Centre, Royal Devon & Exeter NHS Foundation Trust, Barrack Road, Exeter, UK
| | - Holly H Zimmerman
- University of Mississippi, Medical Center of Jackson, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Joachim Weis
- Uniklinik Aachen, Institut für Neuropathologie, Aachen, Germany
| | - Emma L Baple
- RILD Wellcome Wolfson Centre, Royal Devon & Exeter NHS Foundation Trust, Barrack Road, Exeter, UK
| | - Andrew H Crosby
- RILD Wellcome Wolfson Centre, Royal Devon & Exeter NHS Foundation Trust, Barrack Road, Exeter, UK
| | - Sebahattin Cirak
- Uniklinik Köln, Klinik für Kinderheilkunde und Jugendmedizin, Köln, Germany
| | - C Hellmuth
- Ludwig-Maximilian-Universität Munich, Div. Metabolic and Nutritional Medicine, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, University of Munich Medical Center, Munich, Germany
| | - O Uhl
- Ludwig-Maximilian-Universität Munich, Div. Metabolic and Nutritional Medicine, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, University of Munich Medical Center, Munich, Germany
| | - M Standl
- Institute of Epidemiology I, Helmholtz Zentrum München- German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - J Heinrich
- Institute of Epidemiology I, Helmholtz Zentrum München- German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.,Institute and Outpatient Clinic for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Inner City Clinic, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - E Thiering
- Institute of Epidemiology I, Helmholtz Zentrum München- German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - B Koletzko
- Ludwig-Maximilian-Universität Munich, Div. Metabolic and Nutritional Medicine, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, University of Munich Medical Center, Munich, Germany
| | - Lena Blümel
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.,Division of Pediatric Neuro-Oncogenomics, German Cancer Consortium and German Cancer Research Center - partner site Essen/Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.,Institute of Neuropathology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Kornelius Kerl
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Daniel Picard
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.,Division of Pediatric Neuro-Oncogenomics, German Cancer Consortium and German Cancer Research Center - partner site Essen/Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.,Institute of Neuropathology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Michael C Frühwald
- Swabian Childrens' Cancer Center, Children's Hospital Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Max C Liebau
- Department of Pediatrics and Center for Molecular Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Guido Reifenberger
- Institute of Neuropathology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Arndt Borkhardt
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Martin Hasselblatt
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Marc Remke
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.,Division of Pediatric Neuro-Oncogenomics, German Cancer Consortium and German Cancer Research Center - partner site Essen/Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.,Institute of Neuropathology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - D Tews
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - M Wabitsch
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - P Fischer-Posovszky
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Mike-Andrew Westhoff
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Lisa Nonnenmacher
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Julia Langhans
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Lukas Schneele
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Nancy Trenkler
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Klaus-Michael Debatin
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
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17
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Frees S, Haber T, Moskalev I, Breuksch I, Struss W, Thüroff J, Gleave M, Prawitt D, So A, Brenner W. MP60-07 THE CALCIUM-SENSING RECEPTOR (CASR) IS RESPONSIBLE FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF BONE METASTASIS IN RENAL CANCER. J Urol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2017.02.1844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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18
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Bachmann N, Crazzolara R, Bohne F, Kotzot D, Maurer K, Enklaar T, Prawitt D, Bergmann C. Novel deletion in 11p15.5 imprinting center region 1 in a patient with Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome provides insight into distal enhancer regulation and tumorigenesis. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2017; 64. [PMID: 27650505 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.26241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Revised: 07/23/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome (BWS) is an early-onset overgrowth disorder with a high risk for embryonal tumors. It is mainly caused by dysregulation of imprinted genes on chromosome 11p15.5; however, the driving forces in the development of tumors are not fully understood. PROCEDURE We report on a female patient presenting with macrosomia, macroglossia, organomegaly and extensive bilateral nephroblastomatosis. Adjuvant chemotherapy was initiated; however, the patient developed hepatoblastoma and Wilms tumor at 5 and 12 months of age, respectively. Subsequent radiofrequency ablation of the liver tumor and partial nephrectomy followed by consolidation therapy achieved complete remission. RESULTS Molecular genetic analysis revealed a maternally derived large deletion of the complete H19-differentially methylated region (H19-DMR; imprinting control region-1 [ICR1]), the whole H19 gene itself as well as large parts of the distal enhancer region within the imprinting cluster-1 (IC1). Extended analysis showed highly elevated insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) expression, possibly explaining at least in part the distinct BWS features and tumor manifestations. CONCLUSIONS This study of a large maternal deletion encompassing the H19 gene and complete ICR1 is the first to demonstrate transcriptional consequences on IGF2 in addition to methylation effects resulting in severe overgrowth and occurrence of multiple tumors in a BWS patient. Studying this deletion helps to clarify the complex molecular processes involved in BWS and provides further insight into tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Roman Crazzolara
- Department for Pediatrics, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.,Tyrolean Cancer Research Institute, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Florian Bohne
- Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Dieter Kotzot
- Division of Human Genetics, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Kathrin Maurer
- Department for Pediatrics, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Thorsten Enklaar
- Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Dirk Prawitt
- Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Carsten Bergmann
- Center for Human Genetics, Bioscientia, Ingelheim, Germany.,Department of Medicine, University Hospital Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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19
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Eggermann K, Bliek J, Brioude F, Algar E, Buiting K, Russo S, Tümer Z, Monk D, Moore G, Antoniadi T, Macdonald F, Netchine I, Lombardi P, Soellner L, Begemann M, Prawitt D, Maher ER, Mannens M, Riccio A, Weksberg R, Lapunzina P, Grønskov K, Mackay DJG, Eggermann T. EMQN best practice guidelines for the molecular genetic testing and reporting of chromosome 11p15 imprinting disorders: Silver-Russell and Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome. Eur J Hum Genet 2016; 24:1377-87. [PMID: 27165005 PMCID: PMC5027690 DOI: 10.1038/ejhg.2016.45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2015] [Revised: 02/23/2016] [Accepted: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular genetic testing for the 11p15-associated imprinting disorders Silver-Russell and Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome (SRS, BWS) is challenging because of the molecular heterogeneity and complexity of the affected imprinted regions. With the growing knowledge on the molecular basis of these disorders and the demand for molecular testing, it turned out that there is an urgent need for a standardized molecular diagnostic testing and reporting strategy. Based on the results from the first external pilot quality assessment schemes organized by the European Molecular Quality Network (EMQN) in 2014 and in context with activities of the European Network of Imprinting Disorders (EUCID.net) towards a consensus in diagnostics and management of SRS and BWS, best practice guidelines have now been developed. Members of institutions working in the field of SRS and BWS diagnostics were invited to comment, and in the light of their feedback amendments were made. The final document was ratified in the course of an EMQN best practice guideline meeting and is in accordance with the general SRS and BWS consensus guidelines, which are in preparation. These guidelines are based on the knowledge acquired from peer-reviewed and published data, as well as observations of the authors in their practice. However, these guidelines can only provide a snapshot of current knowledge at the time of manuscript submission and readers are advised to keep up with the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katja Eggermann
- Institut für Humangenetik, RWTH University Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Jet Bliek
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Academic Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Frédéric Brioude
- INSERM, UMR_S 938, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Universities, UPMC Univ Paris 06; UMR_S 938, Paris, France
- Armand Trousseau Hospital, Pediatric Endocrinology, Paris, France
| | - Elizabeth Algar
- Genetics and Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Monash Health and Hudson Institute, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Karin Buiting
- Institut für Humangenetik, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Silvia Russo
- Laboratory of Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics, Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | - Zeynep Tümer
- Clinical Genetic Unit, Kennedy Center, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - David Monk
- Imprinting and Cancer Group, Cancer Epigenetic and Biology Program (PEBC), Institut d'Investigació Biomedica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gudrun Moore
- Fetal Growth and Developmental Group, Genetics and Genomic Medicine Programme, UCL-ICH, London, UK
| | - Thalia Antoniadi
- West Midlands Regional Genetics Laboratory, Birmingham Women's Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | - Fiona Macdonald
- West Midlands Regional Genetics Laboratory, Birmingham Women's Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | - Irène Netchine
- INSERM, UMR_S 938, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Universities, UPMC Univ Paris 06; UMR_S 938, Paris, France
- Armand Trousseau Hospital, Pediatric Endocrinology, Paris, France
| | - Paolo Lombardi
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Academic Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lukas Soellner
- Institut für Humangenetik, RWTH University Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | | | - Dirk Prawitt
- Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Eamonn R Maher
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Cambridge and NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge, UK
| | - Marcel Mannens
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Academic Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Andrea Riccio
- DiSTABiF, Seconda Università degli Studi di Napoli, Caserta, Italy
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics – ABT, CNR, Napoli, Italy
| | - Rosanna Weksberg
- Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto ON, Canada
- Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Departments of Paediatrics and Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Pablo Lapunzina
- INGEMM, Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular, IdiPAZ, Hospital Universitario la Paz, CIBERER, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Karen Grønskov
- Clinical Genetic Unit, Kennedy Center, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - Deborah JG Mackay
- Human Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- Wessex Clinical Genetics Service, Princess Anne Hospital, Southampton, UK
| | - Thomas Eggermann
- Institut für Humangenetik, RWTH University Aachen, Aachen, Germany
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20
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Bens S, Kolarova J, Beygo J, Buiting K, Caliebe A, Eggermann T, Gillessen-Kaesbach G, Prawitt D, Thiele-Schmitz S, Begemann M, Enklaar T, Gutwein J, Haake A, Paul U, Richter J, Soellner L, Vater I, Monk D, Horsthemke B, Ammerpohl O, Siebert R. Phenotypic spectrum and extent of DNA methylation defects associated with multilocus imprinting disturbances. Epigenomics 2016; 8:801-16. [PMID: 27323310 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2016-0007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To characterize the genotypic and phenotypic extent of multilocus imprinting disturbances (MLID). MATERIALS & METHODS We analyzed 37 patients with imprinting disorders (explorative cohort) for DNA methylation changes using the Infinium HumanMethylation450 BeadChip. For validation, three independent cohorts with imprinting disorders or cardinal features thereof were analyzed (84 patients with imprinting disorders, 52 with growth disorder, 81 with developmental delay). RESULTS In the explorative cohort 21 individuals showed array-based MLID with each one displaying an Angelman or Temple syndrome phenotype, respectively. Epimutations in ZDBF2 and FAM50B were associated with severe MLID regarding number of affected regions. By targeted analysis we identified methylation changes of ZDBF2 and FAM50B also in the three validation cohorts. CONCLUSION We corroborate epimutations in ZDBF2 and FAM50B as frequent changes in MLID whereas these rarely occur in other patients with cardinal features of imprinting disorders. Moreover, we show cell lineage specific differences in the genomic extent of FAM50B epimutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Bens
- Institute of Human Genetics, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel & University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, D 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Julia Kolarova
- Institute of Human Genetics, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel & University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, D 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Jasmin Beygo
- Institut für Humangenetik, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Universität Duisburg-Essen, D 45122 Essen, Germany
| | - Karin Buiting
- Institut für Humangenetik, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Universität Duisburg-Essen, D 45122 Essen, Germany
| | - Almuth Caliebe
- Institute of Human Genetics, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel & University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, D 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Thomas Eggermann
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Aachen, D 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | | | - Dirk Prawitt
- Section of Molecular Pediatrics University Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, D 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Susanne Thiele-Schmitz
- Division of Experimental Paediatric Endocrinology & Diabetes, Department of Paediatrics, University of Lübeck, D 23562 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Matthias Begemann
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Aachen, D 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Thorsten Enklaar
- Section of Molecular Pediatrics University Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, D 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Jana Gutwein
- Institute of Human Genetics, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel & University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, D 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Andrea Haake
- Institute of Human Genetics, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel & University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, D 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Ulrike Paul
- Institute of Human Genetics, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel & University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, D 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Julia Richter
- Institute of Human Genetics, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel & University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, D 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Lukas Soellner
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Aachen, D 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Inga Vater
- Institute of Human Genetics, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel & University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, D 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - David Monk
- Institut d'Investigació Biomedica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), Cancer Epigenetic & Biology Program (PEBC), Catalan Institute of Oncology, Hospital Duran i Reynals Barcelona, Barcelona, ES 08907, Spain
| | - Bernhard Horsthemke
- Institut für Humangenetik, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Universität Duisburg-Essen, D 45122 Essen, Germany
| | - Ole Ammerpohl
- Institute of Human Genetics, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel & University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, D 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Reiner Siebert
- Institute of Human Genetics, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel & University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, D 24105 Kiel, Germany
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21
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Eggermann T, Brioude F, Russo S, Lombardi MP, Bliek J, Maher ER, Larizza L, Prawitt D, Netchine I, Gonzales M, Grønskov K, Tümer Z, Monk D, Mannens M, Chrzanowska K, Walasek MK, Begemann M, Soellner L, Eggermann K, Tenorio J, Nevado J, Moore GE, Mackay DJG, Temple K, Gillessen-Kaesbach G, Ogata T, Weksberg R, Algar E, Lapunzina P. Prenatal molecular testing for Beckwith-Wiedemann and Silver-Russell syndromes: a challenge for molecular analysis and genetic counseling. Eur J Hum Genet 2016; 24:784-93. [PMID: 26508573 PMCID: PMC4867462 DOI: 10.1038/ejhg.2015.224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2015] [Revised: 09/03/2015] [Accepted: 09/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Beckwith-Wiedemann and Silver-Russell syndromes (BWS/SRS) are two imprinting disorders (IDs) associated with disturbances of the 11p15.5 chromosomal region. In BWS, epimutations and genomic alterations within 11p15.5 are observed in >70% of patients, whereas in SRS they are observed in about 60% of the cases. In addition, 10% of the SRS patients carry a maternal uniparental disomy of chromosome 7 11p15.5. There is an increasing demand for prenatal testing of these disorders owing to family history, indicative prenatal ultrasound findings or aberrations involving chromosomes 7 and 11. The complex molecular findings underlying these disorders are a challenge not only for laboratories offering these tests but also for geneticists counseling affected families. The scope of counseling must consider the range of detectable disturbances and their origin, the lack of precise quantitative knowledge concerning the inheritance and recurrence risks for the epigenetic abnormalities, which are hallmarks of these developmental disorders. In this paper, experts in the field of BWS and SRS, including members of the European network of congenital IDs (EUCID.net; www.imprinting-disorders.eu), put together their experience and work in the field of 11p15.5-associated IDs with a focus on prenatal testing. Altogether, prenatal tests of 160 fetuses (122 referred for BWS, 38 for SRS testing) from 5 centers were analyzed and reviewed. We summarize the current knowledge on BWS and SRS with respect to diagnostic testing, the consequences for prenatal genetic testing and counseling and our cumulative experience in dealing with these disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Eggermann
- Institut für Humangenetik, RWTH University Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Frédéric Brioude
- INSERM, UMR_S 938, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Universities, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Paris, France
- Armand Trousseau Hospital, Pediatric Endocrinology, Paris, France
| | - Silvia Russo
- Laboratory of Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | - Maria P Lombardi
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Academic Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jet Bliek
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Academic Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Eamonn R Maher
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Cambridge and NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge, UK
| | - Lidia Larizza
- Laboratory of Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | - Dirk Prawitt
- Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Irène Netchine
- INSERM, UMR_S 938, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Universities, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Paris, France
- Armand Trousseau Hospital, Pediatric Endocrinology, Paris, France
| | - Marie Gonzales
- Department of Medical Genetics, Armand Trousseau Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Universitie, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Paris, France
| | - Karen Grønskov
- Clinical Genetic Unit, Kennedy Center, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - Zeynep Tümer
- Clinical Genetic Unit, Kennedy Center, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - David Monk
- Imprinting and Cancer Group, Cancer Epigenetic and Biology Program (PEBC), Institut d'Investigació Biomedica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marcel Mannens
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Academic Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Krystyna Chrzanowska
- Department of Medical Genetics, The Children's Memorial Health Insitute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Malgorzata K Walasek
- Department of Medical Genetics, The Children's Memorial Health Insitute, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Lukas Soellner
- Institut für Humangenetik, RWTH University Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Katja Eggermann
- Institut für Humangenetik, RWTH University Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Jair Tenorio
- Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM)-IdiPAZ, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain
- CIBERER, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Julián Nevado
- Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM)-IdiPAZ, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain
- CIBERER, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gudrun E Moore
- Fetal Growth and Developmental group, Genetics and Genomic Medicine Programme, UCL-ICH, London, UK
| | - Deborah JG Mackay
- Human Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine University of Southampto; Wessex Clinical Genetics Service, Princess Anne Hospital, Southampton, UK
| | - Karen Temple
- Human Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine University of Southampto; Wessex Clinical Genetics Service, Princess Anne Hospital, Southampton, UK
| | | | - Tsutomu Ogata
- Department of Pediatrics, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamastu, Japan
| | - Rosanna Weksberg
- Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Elizabeth Algar
- Genetics and Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Monash Health and Hudson Institute, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Pablo Lapunzina
- Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM)-IdiPAZ, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain
- CIBERER, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
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22
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Bohne F, Langer D, Martiné U, Eider CS, Cencic R, Begemann M, Elbracht M, Bülow L, Eggermann T, Zechner U, Pelletier J, Zabel BU, Enklaar T, Prawitt D. Kaiso mediates human ICR1 methylation maintenance and H19 transcriptional fine regulation. Clin Epigenetics 2016; 8:47. [PMID: 27152123 PMCID: PMC4857248 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-016-0215-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2016] [Accepted: 04/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Genomic imprinting evolved in a common ancestor to marsupials and eutherian mammals and ensured the transcription of developmentally important genes from defined parental alleles. The regulation of imprinted genes is often mediated by differentially methylated imprinting control regions (ICRs) that are bound by different proteins in an allele-specific manner, thus forming unique chromatin loops regulating enhancer-promoter interactions. Factors that maintain the allele-specific methylation therefore are essential for the proper transcriptional regulation of imprinted genes. Binding of CCCTC-binding factor (CTCF) to the IGF2/H19-ICR1 is thought to be the key regulator of maternal ICR1 function. Disturbances of the allele-specific CTCF binding are causative for imprinting disorders like the Silver-Russell syndrome (SRS) or the Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome (BWS), the latter one being associated with a dramatically increased risk to develop nephroblastomas. Methods Kaiso binding to the human ICR1 was detected and analyzed by chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) and electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSA). The role of Kaiso-ICR1 binding on DNA methylation was tested by lentiviral Kaiso knockdown and CRISPR/Cas9 mediated editing of a Kaiso binding site. Results We find that another protein, Kaiso (ZBTB33), characterized as binding to methylated CpG repeats as well as to unmethylated consensus sequences, specifically binds to the human ICR1 and its unmethylated Kaiso binding site (KBS) within the ICR1. Depletion of Kaiso transcription as well as deletion of the ICR1-KBS by CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing results in reduced methylation of the paternal ICR1. Additionally, Kaiso affects transcription of the lncRNA H19 and specifies a role for ICR1 in the transcriptional regulation of this imprinted gene. Conclusions Kaiso binding to unmethylated KBS in the human ICR1 is necessary for ICR1 methylation maintenance and affects transcription rates of the lncRNA H19. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13148-016-0215-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Bohne
- Centre for Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Centre, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55101 Mainz, Germany
| | - David Langer
- Centre for Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Centre, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55101 Mainz, Germany
| | - Ursula Martiné
- Centre for Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Centre, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55101 Mainz, Germany
| | - Claudia S Eider
- Centre for Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Centre, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55101 Mainz, Germany
| | - Regina Cencic
- Department of Biochemistry and the Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3G 1Y6 Canada
| | - Matthias Begemann
- Institute of Human Genetics, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Miriam Elbracht
- Institute of Human Genetics, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Luzie Bülow
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Centre, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55101 Mainz, Germany
| | - Thomas Eggermann
- Institute of Human Genetics, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Ulrich Zechner
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Centre, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55101 Mainz, Germany
| | - Jerry Pelletier
- Department of Biochemistry and the Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3G 1Y6 Canada
| | - Bernhard Ulrich Zabel
- Centre for Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Centre, Mathildenstr. 1, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Thorsten Enklaar
- Centre for Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Centre, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55101 Mainz, Germany
| | - Dirk Prawitt
- Centre for Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Centre, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55101 Mainz, Germany.,Centre for Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Centre, Obere Zahlbacher Str. 63, 55131 Mainz, Germany
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23
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Theruvath J, Russo A, Kron B, Paret C, Wingerter A, El Malki K, Neu MA, Alt F, Staatz G, Stein R, Seidmann L, Prawitt D, Faber J. Next-generation sequencing reveals germline mutations in an infant with synchronous occurrence of nephro- and neuroblastoma. Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2016; 33:264-75. [PMID: 27285993 DOI: 10.1080/08880018.2016.1184362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Although neuro- and nephroblastoma are common solid tumors in children, the simultaneous occurrence is very rare and is often associated with syndromes. Here, we present a unique case of synchronous occurrence of neuro- and nephroblastoma in an infant with no signs of congenital anomalies or a syndrome. We performed genetic testing for possible candidate genes as underlying mutation using the next-generation sequencing (NGS) approach to target 94 genes and 284 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) involved in cancer. We uncovered a novel heterozygous germline missense mutation p.F58L (c.172T→C) in the anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene and one novel heterozygous rearrangement Q418Hfs(*)11 (c.1254_1264delins TTACTTAGTACAAGAACTG) in the Fanconi anemia gene FANCD2 leading to a truncated protein. Besides, several SNPs associated with the occurrence of neuroblastoma and/or nephroblastoma or multiple primary tumors were identified. The next-generation sequencing approach might in the future be useful not only in understanding tumor etiology but also in recognizing new genetic markers and targets for future personalized therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Theruvath
- a Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology , University Medical Center Mainz , Mainz , Germany
| | - Alexandra Russo
- a Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology , University Medical Center Mainz , Mainz , Germany
| | - Bettina Kron
- a Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology , University Medical Center Mainz , Mainz , Germany
| | - Claudia Paret
- a Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology , University Medical Center Mainz , Mainz , Germany
| | - Arthur Wingerter
- a Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology , University Medical Center Mainz , Mainz , Germany
| | - Khalifa El Malki
- a Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology , University Medical Center Mainz , Mainz , Germany
| | - Marie A Neu
- a Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology , University Medical Center Mainz , Mainz , Germany
| | - Francesca Alt
- a Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology , University Medical Center Mainz , Mainz , Germany
| | - Gundula Staatz
- b Department of Pediatric Radiology , University Medical Center Mainz , Mainz , Germany
| | - Raimund Stein
- c Department of Pediatric Urology , University Medical Center Mainz , Mainz , Germany
| | - Larissa Seidmann
- d Department of Pediatric Pathology , University Medical Center Mainz , Mainz , Germany
| | - Dirk Prawitt
- e Department of Molecular Pediatrics , Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine , University Medical Center Mainz , Mainz , Germany
| | - Jörg Faber
- a Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology , University Medical Center Mainz , Mainz , Germany
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Haber T, Jöckel E, Roos FC, Junker K, Prawitt D, Hampel C, Thüroff JW, Brenner W. Bone Metastasis in Renal Cell Carcinoma is Preprogrammed in the Primary Tumor and Caused by AKT and Integrin α5 Signaling. J Urol 2015; 194:539-46. [PMID: 25623744 DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2015.01.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/14/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Bone metastasis develops in 30% of all patients with renal cell carcinoma. We elucidated the mechanisms that lead to and predict bone metastasis of renal cell carcinoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS Nine renal cell carcinoma primary cell lines and 30 renal cell carcinoma tissue specimens (normal and tumor tissue) were collected from 3 patients with no metastasis and 10 with lung or bone metastasis within 5 years after nephrectomy. Cell migration was analyzed in a Boyden chamber and proliferation was assessed by bromodeoxyuridine incorporation. Adhesion to fibronectin, and collagen I and IV was determined after cell staining. The expression and/or activity of cellular signaling molecules was quantified by Western blot. RESULTS Compared to renal cell carcinoma cells from patients without metastasis, the migration of cells from patients with bone metastasis was enhanced 13.5-fold (p = 0.034), and adhesion to fibronectin and collagen I was enhanced 5.8-fold and 6.1-fold (p = 0.002 and 0.014, respectively). In general proliferation was decreased in metastasizing cells. In accordance with these results we detected higher activity of AKT (p = 0.011) and FAK (p = 0.054), higher integrin α5 expression (p = 0.052) and lower PTEN expression in primary cells from patients with bone metastasis compared to nonmetastasizing cells. An almost similarly altered expression pattern was also observed in the renal cell carcinoma tissue specimens and the normal renal tissue of patients with bone metastasis. CONCLUSIONS We describe evidence that molecular predispositions determine the potential for bone metastasis to develop in renal cell carcinoma, which may serve as prognostic markers after initial tumor detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Haber
- Department of Urology, University Medical Center, University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Elke Jöckel
- Department of Urology, University Medical Center, University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Frederik C Roos
- Department of Urology, University Medical Center, University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Kerstin Junker
- Department of Urology, University Homburg/Saar, Homburg, Germany
| | - Dirk Prawitt
- Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Christian Hampel
- Department of Urology, University Medical Center, University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Joachim W Thüroff
- Department of Urology, University Medical Center, University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Walburgis Brenner
- Department of Urology, University Medical Center, University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
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25
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Eggermann T, Binder G, Brioude F, Maher ER, Lapunzina P, Cubellis MV, Bergadá I, Prawitt D, Begemann M. CDKN1C mutations: two sides of the same coin. Trends Mol Med 2014; 20:614-22. [PMID: 25262539 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2014.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2014] [Revised: 08/13/2014] [Accepted: 09/02/2014] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK)-inhibitor 1C (CDKN1C) negatively regulates cellular proliferation and it has been shown that loss-of-function mutations in the imprinted CDKN1C gene (11p15.5) are associated with the overgrowth disorder Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome (BWS). With recent reports of gain-of-function mutations of the PCNA domain of CDKN1C in growth-retarded patients with IMAGe syndrome or Silver-Russell syndrome (SRS), its key role for growth has been confirmed. Thereby, the last gap in the spectrum of molecular alterations in 11p15.5 in growth-retardation and overgrowth syndromes could be closed. Recent functional studies explain the strict association of CDKN1C mutations with clinically opposite phenotypes and thereby contribute to our understanding of the function and regulation of the gene in particular and epigenetic regulation in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Eggermann
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital, Technical University Aachen, Aachen, Germany.
| | - Gerhard Binder
- University Children's Hospital, Paediatric Endocrinology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Frédéric Brioude
- AP-HP, Hôpital Armand Trousseau, Explorations Fonctionnelles Endocriniennes, Paris, France
| | - Eamonn R Maher
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge, UK
| | - Pablo Lapunzina
- INGEMM, Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular, Hospital Universitario La Paz, IdiPAZ, CIBERER-ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Ignacio Bergadá
- Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas 'Dr César Bergadá' (CEDIE), CONICET-FEI-División de Endocrinología, Hospital de Niños Ricardo Gutiérrez, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Dirk Prawitt
- Molekulare Pädiatrie, Zentrum für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Universitätsmedizin Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Matthias Begemann
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital, Technical University Aachen, Aachen, Germany
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26
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Joeckel E, Haber T, Prawitt D, Junker K, Hampel C, Thüroff JW, Roos FC, Brenner W. High calcium concentration in bones promotes bone metastasis in renal cell carcinomas expressing calcium-sensing receptor. Mol Cancer 2014; 13:42. [PMID: 24576174 PMCID: PMC3945739 DOI: 10.1186/1476-4598-13-42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2013] [Accepted: 02/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The prognosis for renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is related to a high rate of metastasis, including 30% of bone metastasis. Characteristic for bone tissue is a high concentration of calcium ions. In this study, we show a promoting effect of an enhanced extracellular calcium concentration on mechanisms of bone metastasis via the calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) and its downstream signaling molecules. Methods Our analyses were performed using 33 (11/category) matched specimens of normal and tumor tissue and 9 (3/category) primary cells derived from RCC patients of the 3 categories: non-metastasized, metastasized into the lung and metastasized into bones during a five-year period after nephrectomy. Expression of CaSR was determined by RT-PCR, Western blot analyses and flow cytometry, respectively. Cells were treated by calcium and the CaSR inhibitor NPS 2143. Cell migration was measured in a Boyden chamber with calcium (10 μM) as chemotaxin and proliferation by BrdU incorporation. The activity of intracellular signaling mediators was quantified by a phospho-kinase array and Western blot. Results The expression of CaSR was highest in specimens and cells of patients with bone metastases. Calcium treatment induced an increased migration (19-fold) and proliferation (2.3-fold) exclusively in RCC cells from patients with bone metastases. The CaSR inhibitor NPS 2143 elucidated the role of CaSR on the calcium-dependent effects. After treatment with calcium, the activity of AKT, PLCγ-1, p38α and JNK was clearly enhanced and PTEN expression was almost completely abolished in bone metastasizing RCC cells. Conclusions Our results indicate a promoting effect of extracellular calcium on cell migration and proliferation of bone metastasizing RCC cells via highly expressed CaSR and its downstream signaling pathways. Consequently, CaSR may be regarded as a new prognostic marker predicting RCC bone metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Walburgis Brenner
- Department of Urology, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Langenbeckstr 1, Mainz 55131, Germany.
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Bohne F, Martiné U, Begemann M, Eggermann T, Enklaar T, Prawitt D. Uncovering common pathogenic transcriptional dysregulations in Silver-Russell syndrome. Mol Cell Pediatr 2014. [PMCID: PMC4715023 DOI: 10.1186/2194-7791-1-s1-a13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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28
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Eggermann T, Algar E, Lapunzina P, Mackay D, Maher ER, Mannens M, Netchine I, Prawitt D, Riccio A, Temple IK, Weksberg R. Clinical utility gene card for: Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome. Eur J Hum Genet 2013; 22:ejhg2013132. [PMID: 23820480 DOI: 10.1038/ejhg.2013.132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Eggermann
- Department of Human Genetics, University Hospital, RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Elizabeth Algar
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Pathology, Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, Australia
| | - Pablo Lapunzina
- INGEMM, Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular, Hospital Universitario La Paz, IdiPAZ, CIBERER, ISCII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Deborah Mackay
- Department of Epigenetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Wessex Regional Genetics Laboratory, Salisbury Health Care Trust, Salisbury, UK
| | - Eamonn R Maher
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Cambridge Clinical School, Addenbrooke's Hospital Treatment Centre, Cambridge, UK
| | - Marcel Mannens
- Department of Clinical Genetics, University of Amsterdam, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Irène Netchine
- Hôpital Trousseau, INSERM U938, UPMC, Paris 6, Explorations fonctionnelles endocriniennes, Paris, France
| | - Dirk Prawitt
- Centre for Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Centre Mainz, Germany
| | - Andrea Riccio
- Seconda Università degli Studi di Napoli, Institute of Genetics and Biophysics - ABT, Napoli, Italy
| | - I Karen Temple
- Department of Human Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton Wessex Clinical Genetics Service, Princess Anne Hospital, Southampton, UK
| | - Rosanna Weksberg
- Department of Paediatrics and Genome Biology Program, Hospital for Sick Children and Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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Schneider E, Haber T, Roos FC, Prawitt D, Junker K, Hampel C, Thueroff JW, Brenner W. 616 CHARACTERISTICS OF PRIMARY TUMOR MAY PREDICT BONE METASTASIS IN RENAL CELL CARCINOMA. J Urol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2013.02.167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Beygo J, Citro V, Sparago A, De Crescenzo A, Cerrato F, Heitmann M, Rademacher K, Guala A, Enklaar T, Anichini C, Cirillo Silengo M, Graf N, Prawitt D, Cubellis MV, Horsthemke B, Buiting K, Riccio A. The molecular function and clinical phenotype of partial deletions of the IGF2/H19 imprinting control region depends on the spatial arrangement of the remaining CTCF-binding sites. Hum Mol Genet 2012; 22:544-57. [PMID: 23118352 PMCID: PMC3542864 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/dds465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
At chromosome 11p15.5, the imprinting centre 1 (IC1) controls the parent of origin-specific expression of the IGF2 and H19 genes. The 5 kb IC1 region contains multiple target sites (CTS) for the zinc-finger protein CTCF, whose binding on the maternal chromosome prevents the activation of IGF2 and allows that of H19 by common enhancers. CTCF binding helps maintaining the maternal IC1 methylation-free, whereas on the paternal chromosome gamete-inherited DNA methylation inhibits CTCF interaction and enhancer-blocking activity resulting in IGF2 activation and H19 silencing. Maternally inherited 1.4–2.2 kb deletions are associated with methylation of the residual CTSs and Beckwith–Wiedemann syndrome, although with different penetrance and expressivity. We explored the relationship between IC1 microdeletions and phenotype by analysing a number of previously described and novel mutant alleles. We used a highly quantitative assay based on next generation sequencing to measure DNA methylation in affected families and analysed enhancer-blocking activity and CTCF binding in cultured cells. We demonstrate that the microdeletions mostly affect IC1 function and CTCF binding by changing CTS spacing. Thus, the extent of IC1 inactivation and the clinical phenotype are influenced by the arrangement of the residual CTSs. A CTS spacing similar to the wild-type allele results in moderate IC1 inactivation and is associated with stochastic DNA methylation of the maternal IC1 and incomplete penetrance. Microdeletions with different CTS spacing display severe IC1 inactivation and are associated with IC1 hypermethylation and complete penetrance. Careful characterization of the IC1 microdeletions is therefore needed to predict recurrence risks and phenotypical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmin Beygo
- Institut für Humangenetik, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Essen, Germany
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Schneider E, Keppler R, Prawitt D, Steinwender C, Roos FC, Thüroff JW, Lausch E, Brenner W. Migration of renal tumor cells depends on dephosphorylation of Shc by PTEN. Int J Oncol 2010; 38:823-31. [PMID: 21206972 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2010.893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2010] [Accepted: 10/27/2010] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumor suppressor PTEN is a phosphatase using FAK and Shc as direct substrates, and Akt as a key effector via PIP3. PTEN regulates cell migration and may influence metastases. We quantified PTEN in 135 clear cell renal cell carcinomas (ccRCC) by Western blot analysis and found statistically significant lower PTEN expression in patients who died, usually caused by metastases, within 5 years after surgery, compared to those surviving this time period. In athymic mice, PTEN transfected 786-O cells were injected into the tail vein and metastatic load of the lungs was quantified. We observed a strongly reduced metastatic load after PTEN transfection. For analyses of the PTEN activities, transfections with mutated PTEN genes were performed, leading to loss of lipid phosphatase activity and/or protein phosphatase activity, and of the C-terminal tail. Cell migration was analyzed in a Boyden chamber and phosphorylation of PTEN downstream targets Akt, FAK and Shc by Western blotting. 786-O cells transfected with the functional PTEN gene showed profoundly diminished migration. Transfection with a mutated PTEN isoform leading to loss of protein phosphatase activity, but not of lipid phosphatase activity, abolished this effect. Shc but not FAK seems to mediate this effect. These results show a critical role of PTEN in metastasis of RCC, depending on protein phosphatase activity via Shc. This new insight opens an alley of additional approaches complementing current cancer therapy and metastasis prediction in RCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elke Schneider
- Department of Urology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, Mainz, Germany
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Abstract
Insulin secretion in β-pancreatic cells after glucose stimulation requires the concerted action of a number of different ion channels. The main players seem to be the ATP sensitive K(+) (KATP-) channels, and voltage gated ion channels that drive Ca(2+) influx into β-cells. Recently two calcium activated nonselective (CAN) cation channels (TRPM4 and TRPM5) have been shown to influence efficient insulin response upon glucose stimulation. This addendum summarizes the data known for these two TRP channels in β-cells, discusses some of the remaining open questions and addresses a possible scenario that involves and integrates the triggering and amplifying pathway of glucose mediated insulin secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thorsten Enklaar
- Centre for Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Centre of the Johannes Guetenberg-University, Mainz, Germany
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Brixel LR, Monteilh-Zoller MK, Ingenbrandt CS, Fleig A, Penner R, Enklaar T, Zabel BU, Prawitt D. TRPM5 regulates glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. Pflugers Arch 2010. [PMID: 20393858 DOI: 10.1007/s00424‐010‐0835‐z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/29/2022]
Abstract
Insulin secretion in beta-pancreatic cells due to glucose stimulation requires the coordinated alteration of cellular ion concentrations and a substantial membrane depolarization to enable insulin vesicle fusion with the cellular membrane. The cornerstones of this cascade are well characterized, yet current knowledge argues for the involvement of additional ion channels in this process. TRPM5 is a cation channel expressed in beta-cells and proposed to be involved in coupling intracellular Ca(2+) release to electrical activity and cellular responses. Here, we report that TRPM5 acts as an indispensable regulator of insulin secretion. In vivo glucose tolerance tests showed that Trpm5 (-/-) -mice maintain elevated blood glucose levels for over an hour compared to wild-type littermates, while insulin sensitivity is normal in Trpm5 (-/-) -mice. In pancreatic islets isolated from Trpm5 (-/-) -mice, hyperglycemia as well as arginine-induced insulin secretion was diminished. The presented results describe a major role for TRPM5 in glucose-induced insulin secretion beyond membrane depolarization. Dysfunction of the TRPM5 protein could therefore be an important factor in the etiology of some forms of type 2 diabetes, where disruption of the normal pattern of secretion is observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili R Brixel
- Centre for Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Obere Zahlbacher Str. 63, 55131 Mainz, Germany
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Brenner W, Schneider E, Prawitt D, Roos FC, Lausch E, Hampel C, Thüroff JW. 364 THE TUMORSUPPRESSOR PTEN INFLUENCES METASTASES OF CLEAR CELL RENAL CELL CARCINOMA (CCRCC) BY DEPHOSPHORYLATION OF SHC. J Urol 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2010.02.431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Abstract
UNLABELLED We report four children originating from two unrelated German families with congenital hypothyroidism (CH) due to mutations in the thyroid peroxidase (TPO) gene. Three female siblings (family 1) were found to be compound heterozygous for two mutations, a known mutation in exon 9 (W527C), and a mutation in exon 8 (Q446H), which has not been described before. In the second family we identified a boy with goitrous CH, who had a novel homozygous mutation in the TPO gene in exon 16 (W873X). All children of family 1 were diagnosed postnatally by newborn screening. The case of the boy of family 2 has already been reported for the in utero treatment of a goiter with hypothyroidism. CONCLUSION Our results confirm existing data on the phenotypic variability of patients with TPO gene mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diemud Simm
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
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Birklein F, Depmeier C, Rolke R, Hansen C, Rautenstrauss B, Prawitt D, Magerl W. A family-based investigation of cold pain tolerance. Pain 2008; 138:111-118. [PMID: 18194840 DOI: 10.1016/j.pain.2007.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2007] [Revised: 11/10/2007] [Accepted: 11/19/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
In the present study the question was addressed whether sensitivity to experimental pain stimuli differs between families, which are previously characterized by the degree of cold tolerance (very insensitive or very sensitive) of one family member. A total of 232 healthy medical students were screened for cold pain tolerance employing a cold pressor test. Subsequently 50 of them were investigated in detail under laboratory conditions. The water temperature was 1 degrees C, the maximum time in water 3 min, cold pain was rated on a 101 step numerical rating scale every 10s. Two of the most cold pain sensitive (shortest time in ice water) and insensitive (lowest ratings) students were selected and as many as possible of their family members were recruited. In all of them cold pressor test, pinprick pain threshold, pressure pain threshold, skin temperature, hospital anxiety and depression scale and COMT val158met polymorphism (with the exception of three individuals) were assessed. Analysis (ANOVA) revealed that the cold pressor results of the students predicted the mean ratings (p<0.04) and the time in ice water (p<0.03) of their own families. Furthermore, pinprick pain threshold (p<0.002) and to a lesser extent pressure pain thresholds (p<0.03) were significantly related to cold pain tolerance. The other variables, including the COMT polymorphism, were not related to cold pain tolerance in our study. In conclusion our results suggest that cold pain tolerance may be at least partially inherited. Genetic or environmental factors might explain family clustering of cold pain sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Birklein
- Department of Neurology, Johannes Gutenberg - University Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany Institute of Physiology, Johannes Gutenberg - University Mainz, Germany Department of Pediatrics, Johannes Gutenberg - University Mainz, Germany Department of Human Genetics, Friedrich-Alexander-University, Erlangen and MGZ, Munic, Germany
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Algar EM, St Heaps L, Darmanian A, Dagar V, Prawitt D, Peters GB, Collins F. Paternally Inherited Submicroscopic Duplication at 11p15.5 Implicates Insulin-like Growth Factor II in Overgrowth and Wilms' Tumorigenesis. Cancer Res 2007; 67:2360-5. [PMID: 17325026 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-06-3383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Loss of imprinting at insulin-like growth factor II (IGFII), in association with H19 silencing, has been described previously in a subgroup of Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome (BWS) patients who have an elevated risk for Wilms' tumor. An equivalent somatic mutation occurs in sporadic Wilms' tumor. We describe a family with overgrowth in three generations and Wilms' tumor in two generations, with paternal inheritance of a cis-duplication at 11p15.5 spanning the BWS IC1 region and including H19, IGFII, INS, and TH. The duplicated region was below the limit of detection by high-resolution karyotyping and fluorescence in situ hybridization, has a predicted minimum size of 400 kb, and was confirmed by genotyping and gene-dosage analysis on a CytoChip comparative genomic hybridization bacterial artificial chromosome array. IGFII is the only known paternally expressed oncogene mapping within the duplicated region and our findings directly implicate IGFII in Wilms' tumorigenesis and add to the mutation spectrum that increases the effective dose of IGFII. Furthermore, this study raises the possibility that sporadic cases of overgrowth and Wilms' tumor, presenting with apparent gain of methylation at IC1, may be explained by submicroscopic paternal duplications. This finding has important implications for determining the transmission risk in these disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth M Algar
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Melbourne and Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville 3052, Victoria, Australia.
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Hengstler JG, Bockamp EO, Hermes M, Brulport M, Bauer A, Schormann W, Schiffer IB, Hausherr C, Eshkind L, Antunes C, Franzen A, Krishnamurthi K, Lausch E, Lessig R, Chakrabarti T, Prawitt D, Zabel B, Spangenberg C. Oncogene-blocking therapies: new insights from conditional mouse tumor models. Curr Cancer Drug Targets 2006; 6:603-12. [PMID: 17100566 DOI: 10.2174/156800906778742488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Identification of oncogene dependent signaling pathways controlling aggressive tumor growth has led to the emergence of a new era of oncogene-blocking therapies, including Herceptin and Gleevec. In the recent years conditional mouse tumor models have been established that allow switching-off the expression of specific oncogenes controlling tumor growth. The results may have two important implications for oncogene-blocking therapies: (i) downregulation of oncogenes, for instance HER2, MYC, RAS, RAF, BCR-ABL or WNT1, usually leads to a rapid tumor remission. However, it was observed that the initial remission was followed by recurrent tumor growth in most studies. Interestingly, different oncogenes controlled tumor growth in the recurrent than in the primary tumors. This could explain the astonishing clinical observation that inhibitors of a broader spectrum of protein kinases (so-called: "dirty inhibitors") may be superior over highly specific substances. Due to their additional "unspecific" inhibition of a broader spectrum of kinases, they may hamper the escape mechanisms by antagonizing also the pathways controlling recurrent tumor growth. (ii) Experiments with cell systems that allow switching-on oncogene expression point to a so far possibly underestimated cancer drug target: the dormant tumor cell. Oncogene expression (for instance: NeuT or RAS) led to a phenomenon named oncogene-induced senescence or dormancy. Dormant cells are unresponsive to mitogenic stimuli. Importantly, such cells are not at all ready to die, but can remain viable for extended periods of time. Recently, dormant tumor cells have been shown to be more resistant to stresses such as hypoxia or exposure to cytostatic drugs. It still is a matter of debate if and under which conditions dormant tumor cells can be "kissed to life". If these cells contribute to carcinogenesis, it will be important to identify substances specifically killing senescent cells. This review will focus on the possible relevance of senescence both as a pre-oncogenic condition and also for therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- J G Hengstler
- Center for Toxicology, Institute of Legal Medicine, University of Leipzig, Germany.
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Abstract
Beckwith–Wiedemann syndrome (BWS) is a congenital overgrowth condition with an increased risk of developing embryonic tumours, such as Wilms' tumour. The cardinal features are abdominal wall defects, macroglossia and gigantism. BWS is generally sporadic; only 10–15% of cases are familial. A variety of molecular aberrations have been associated with BWS. The only mutations within a gene are loss-of-function mutations in the CDKN1C gene, which codes for an imprinted cell-cycle regulator. CDKN1C mutations appear to be particularly associated with umbilical abnormalities, but not with increased predisposition to Wilms' tumour. In the remaining BWS subgroups, a disturbance of the tight epigenetic regulation of gene expression (patUPD 11p, microdeletions or epimutations) seems to be the cause of the syndrome. Here we describe the clinical presentation of BWS and its dissociation from phenotypically overlapping overgrowth syndromes. We then review the current concepts of causative molecular genetic and epigenetic mechanisms, and discuss future directions of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thorsten Enklaar
- Section of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Children's Hospital, Johannes-Gutenberg University of Mainz, 55101 Mainz, Germany
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40
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Spangenberg C, Lausch EU, Trost TM, Prawitt D, May A, Keppler R, Fees SA, Reutzel D, Bell C, Schmitt S, Schiffer IB, Weber A, Brenner W, Hermes M, Sahin U, Türeci O, Koelbl H, Hengstler JG, Zabel BU. ERBB2-mediated transcriptional up-regulation of the alpha5beta1 integrin fibronectin receptor promotes tumor cell survival under adverse conditions. Cancer Res 2006; 66:3715-25. [PMID: 16585198 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-05-2823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Oncogenic activation of the receptor tyrosine kinase ERBB2 is a key event in the development of a number of epithelial malignancies. In these tumors, high levels of ERBB2 are strongly associated with metastatic disease and poor prognosis. Paradoxically, an inherent cellular response to hypermitogenic signaling by ERBB2 and other oncogenes seems to be growth arrest, rather than proliferation. Molecular characterization of this yet undefined antiproliferative state in independent cell lines overexpressing either wild-type ERBB2 or the mutationally activated receptor unveiled a dramatic induction of the alpha5beta1 integrin fibronectin receptor. alpha5 Integrin up-regulation is mainly a transcriptional response mediated by the hypoxia-inducible transcription factors (HIF), leading to a massive increase in membrane-resident receptor molecules and enhanced fibronectin adhesiveness of the respective cells. Functionally, ERBB2-dependent ligation of fibronectin results in improved survival of mammary adenocarcinoma cells under adverse conditions, like serum withdrawal, hypoxia, and chemotherapy. HIF-1alpha is an independent predictor of poor overall survival in patients with breast cancer. In particular, HIF-1alpha overexpression correlates significantly with early local relapse and distant metastasis, a phenotype also highly characteristic of ERBB2-positive tumors. As HIF-1alpha is known to be stabilized by ERBB2 signaling under normoxic conditions, we propose that alpha5 integrin is a major effector in this regulatory circuit and may represent the molecular basis for the HIF-1alpha-dependent aggressiveness observed in ERBB2-overexpressing breast carcinomas. Hypermitogenic ERBB2 signaling and tumor hypoxia may act synergistically to favor the establishment of chemoresistant dormant micrometastatic cells frequently observed in patients with breast cancer. This new insight could be the basis for additional approaches complementing current cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Spangenberg
- Children's Hospital, University of Mainz, Obere Zahlbacher Strasse 63, 55131 Mainz, Germany.
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Hausherr CK, Schiffer IB, Gebhard S, Banić A, Tanner B, Kolbl H, Thoenes E, Beckers T, Spangenberg C, Prawitt D, Trost T, Zabel B, Oesch F, Hermes M, Hengstler JG. Dephosphorylation of p-ERK1/2 in relation to tumor remission after HER-2 and Raf1 blocking therapy in a conditional mouse tumor model. Mol Carcinog 2006; 45:302-8. [PMID: 16496387 DOI: 10.1002/mc.20157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Several studies have shown that HER-2/neu (erbB-2) blocking therapy strategies can cause tumor remission. However, the responsible molecular mechanisms are not yet known. Both ERK1/2 and Akt/PKB are critical for HER-2-mediated signal transduction. Therefore, we used a mouse tumor model that allows downregulation of HER-2 in tumor tissue by administration of anhydrotetracycline (ATc). Switching-off HER-2 caused a rapid tumor remission by more than 95% within 7 d of ATc administration compared to the volume before switching-off HER-2. Interestingly, HER-2 downregulation caused a dephosphorylation of p-ERK1/2 by more than 80% already before tumor remission occurred. Levels of total ERK protein were not influenced. In contrast, dephosphorylation of p-Akt occurred later, when the tumor was already in remission. These data suggest that in our HER-2 tumor model dephosphorylation of p-ERK1/2 may be more critical for tumor remission than dephosphorylation of p-Akt. To test this hypothesis we used a second mouse tumor model that allows ATc controlled expression of BXB-Raf1 because the latter constitutively signals to ERK1/2, but cannot activate Akt/PKB. As expected, downregulation of BXB-Raf1 in tumor tissue caused a strong dephosphorylation of p-ERK1/2, but did not decrease levels of p-Akt. Interestingly, tumor remission after switching-off BXB-Raf1 was similarly efficient as the effect of HER-2 downregulation, despite the lack of p-Akt dephosphorylation. In conclusion, two lines of evidence strongly suggest that dephosphorylation of p-ERK1/2 and not that of p-Akt is critical for the rapid tumor remission after downregulation of HER-2 or BXB-Raf1 in our tumor model: (i) dephosphorylation of p-ERK1/2 but not that of p-Akt precedes tumor remission after switching-off HER-2 and (ii) downregulation of BXB-Raf1 leads to a similarly efficient tumor remission as downregulation of HER-2, although no p-Akt dephosphorylation was observed after switching-off BXB-Raf1.
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Prawitt D, Enklaar T, Gärtner-Rupprecht B, Spangenberg C, Lausch E, Reutzel D, Fees S, Korzon M, Brozek I, Limon J, Housman DE, Pelletier J, Zabel B. Microdeletion and IGF2 loss of imprinting in a cascade causing Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome with Wilms' tumor. Nat Genet 2005; 37:785-6; author reply 786-7. [PMID: 16049499 DOI: 10.1038/ng0805-785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Pfarr N, Prawitt D, Kirschfink M, Schroff C, Knuf M, Habermehl P, Mannhardt W, Zepp F, Fairbrother WG, Fairbrother W, Loos M, Burge CB, Pohlenz J. Linking C5 Deficiency to an Exonic Splicing Enhancer Mutation. J Immunol 2005; 174:4172-7. [PMID: 15778377 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.174.7.4172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
As an important component of the innate immune system, complement provides the initial response to prevent infections by pathogenic microorganisms. Patients with dysfunction of C5 display a propensity for severe recurrent infections. In this study, we present a patient with C5 deficiency demonstrated by immunochemical and functional analyses. Direct sequencing of all C5 exons displayed no mutation of obvious functional significance, except for an A to G transition in exon 10 predicting an exchange from lysine to arginine. This sequence alteration was present in only one allele of family members with a reduced serum C5 concentration and in both alleles of the patient with almost complete C5 deficiency, suggesting that this alteration may be producing the phenotype. Recent findings indicate that distinct nucleotide sequences, termed exonic splicing enhancers (ESEs), influence the splicing process. cDNA from all family members harboring the mutated allele showed skipping of exon 10, which resulted in a premature STOP codon, explaining the lack of C5 in the propositus. Sequence analysis of the mutated region revealed the substitution to be located within an ESE, as predicted by the RESCUE-ESE program. The altered ESE sequence is located close to the 5' splicing site and also lowers the predicted strength of the splice site itself. This apparently inconsequential sequence alteration represents a noncanonical splicing mutation altering an ESE. Our finding sheds a new light on the role of putative silent/conservative mutations in disease-associated genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Pfarr
- Children's Hospital of Johannes Gutenberg-University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
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44
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Prawitt D, Enklaar T, Gärtner-Rupprecht B, Spangenberg C, Oswald M, Lausch E, Schmidtke P, Reutzel D, Fees S, Lucito R, Korzon M, Brozek I, Limon J, Housman DE, Pelletier J, Zabel B. Microdeletion of target sites for insulator protein CTCF in a chromosome 11p15 imprinting center in Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome and Wilms' tumor. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2005; 102:4085-90. [PMID: 15743916 PMCID: PMC554791 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0500037102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
We have analyzed several cases of Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome (BWS) with Wilms' tumor in a familial setting, which give insight into the complex controls of imprinting and gene expression in the chromosome 11p15 region. We describe a 2.2-kbp microdeletion in the H19/insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2)-imprinting center eliminating three target sites of the chromatin insulator protein CTCF that we believe here is necessary, but not sufficient, to cause BWS and Wilms' tumor. Maternal inheritance of the deletion is associated with IGF2 loss of imprinting and up-regulation of IGF2 mRNA. However, in at least one affected family member a second genetic lesion (a duplication of maternal 11p15) was identified and accompanied by a further increase in IGF2 mRNA levels 35-fold higher than control values. Our results suggest that the combined effects of the H19/IGF2-imprinting center microdeletion and 11p15 chromosome duplication were necessary for manifestation of BWS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dirk Prawitt
- Children's Hospital, University of Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, D-55101 Mainz, Germany.
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45
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Trost TM, Lausch EU, Fees SA, Schmitt S, Enklaar T, Reutzel D, Brixel LR, Schmidtke P, Maringer M, Schiffer IB, Heimerdinger CK, Hengstler JG, Fritz G, Bockamp EO, Prawitt D, Zabel BU, Spangenberg C. Premature senescence is a primary fail-safe mechanism of ERBB2-driven tumorigenesis in breast carcinoma cells. Cancer Res 2005; 65:840-9. [PMID: 15705882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
The receptor tyrosine kinase ERBB2 plays a central role in the development of breast cancer and other epithelial malignancies. Elevated ERBB2 activity is believed to transform cells by transmitting mitogenic and antiapoptotic signals. Here we show that tightly regulated overexpression of oncogenic ERBB2 in human breast carcinoma cells does not stimulate proliferation but provokes premature senescence, accompanied by up-regulation of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor P21(WAF1/CIP1). A similar effect was caused by retrovirus-mediated overexpression of oncogenic ERBB2 in low-passage murine embryonic fibroblasts. In contrast to previous observations based on constitutively overexpressing cell lines, P21 induced by tetracycline-regulated ERBB2 localizes to the nucleus in arrested cells. P21 up-regulation seems to be independent of the P53 tumor suppressor protein, and senescence-associated phenotypic alterations are reversed by specific inhibition of P38 mitogen-activated protein kinases. Functional inactivation of P21 by antisense oligonucleotides is sufficient to prevent cell cycle arrest as well as the senescent phenotype, thereby identifying the P21 protein as the key mediator of hypermitogenic cell cycle arrest and premature senescence in breast carcinoma cells. Our results may thus indicate that premature senescence represents an inherent anticarcinogenic program during ERBB2-driven mammary tumorigenesis. We propose a multistep model for the process of malignant transformation by ERBB2 wherein secondary lesions either target P21 or downstream effectors of senescence to bypass this primary fail-safe mechanism.
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MESH Headings
- Breast Neoplasms/genetics
- Breast Neoplasms/metabolism
- Breast Neoplasms/pathology
- Cell Cycle/physiology
- Cell Cycle Proteins/genetics
- Cell Cycle Proteins/metabolism
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Nucleus/metabolism
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/genetics
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/metabolism
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/pathology
- Cellular Senescence/physiology
- Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Humans
- Oligonucleotides, Antisense/genetics
- Oligonucleotides, Antisense/pharmacology
- Receptor, ErbB-2/biosynthesis
- Receptor, ErbB-2/genetics
- Receptor, ErbB-2/physiology
- Signal Transduction
- p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases/physiology
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatjana M Trost
- Children's Hospital, University of Mainz, Obere Zahlbacher Strasse 63, 55131 Mainz, Germany
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46
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Eger K, Hermes M, Uhlemann K, Rodewald S, Ortwein J, Brulport M, Bauer AW, Schormann W, Lupatsch F, Schiffer IB, Heimerdinger CK, Gebhard S, Spangenberg C, Prawitt D, Trost T, Zabel B, Sauer C, Tanner B, Kolbl H, Krugel U, Franke H, Illes P, Madaj-Sterba P, Bockamp EO, Beckers T, Hengstler JG. 4-Epidoxycycline: an alternative to doxycycline to control gene expression in conditional mouse models. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2004; 323:979-86. [PMID: 15381096 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2004.08.187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2004] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Since the pioneering work by Gossen and Bujard in 1992 demonstrating the usefulness of the Escherichia coli derived tet resistance operon for regulating gene expression a large collection of doxycycline-controlled transgenic mice has been established. Gene switching in eukaryotic tissue culture cells or mice requires administration of tetracycline, anhydrotetracycline or doxycycline to efficiently inactivate the transactivator protein tTA (TET-OFF system) or alternatively to activate the reverse transactivator protein rtTA (TET-ON system). However, the antibiotic activity of doxycycline can create an imbalance of the intestinal flora, resulting in diarrhoea and in a smaller number of animals in colitis. Previous studies reported that 4-epidoxycycline (4-ED), a hepatic metabolite of doxycycline, does not function as an antibiotic in mice. This gave us the idea that 4-ED might be useful for controlling gene expression in mice without the unwanted antibiotic side effect. To study the applicability of 4-ED for control of gene expression we used cell lines expressing the oncogene HER2 under control of tTA (TET-OFF) as well as rtTA (TET-ON). 4-ED and doxycycline were similarly efficient in switching on or -off HER2 expression. In vivo we used a conditional mouse model that allows switching off HER2 in tumor tissue. We show that (i) doxycycline, 7.5mg/ml in drinking water (used as a positive control), (ii) 4-ED, 7.5mg/ml in drinking water, (iii) 4-ED, 10mg/kg body weight, s.c., and (iv) anhydrotetracycline, 10mg/kg, s.c. (used as a second positive control), were similarly efficient. Using mice with tumor volumes of 1.6cm(3) all four schedules led to a tumor remission of more than 95% within 7 days. In conclusion, 4-ED is similarly efficient as doxycycline to control gene expression in vitro and in mice. Since 4-ED lacks the antibiotic activity of doxycycline it may help to avoid adverse side effects and selection of resistant bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Eger
- Institute of Pharmacy, University of Leipzig, Germany
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47
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von Mach MA, Hengstler JG, Brulport M, Eberhardt M, Schormann W, Hermes M, Prawitt D, Zabel B, Grosche J, Reichenbach A, Müller B, Weilemann LS, Zulewski H. In Vitro Cultured Islet-Derived Progenitor Cells of Human Origin Express Human Albumin in Severe Combined Immunodeficiency Mouse Liver In Vivo. Stem Cells 2004; 22:1134-41. [PMID: 15579634 DOI: 10.1634/stemcells.2004-0061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Studies in rodents suggest the presence of a hepatopancreatic stem cell in adult pancreas that may give rise to liver cells in vivo. The aim of the present study was to determine the ability of human islet-derived cells to adopt a hepatic phenotype in vivo. Cultured human islet-derived progenitor cells that did not express albumin in vitro were stained with the red fluorescent dye PKH26 and injected into the liver of severe combined immunodeficiency mice. After 3 or 12 weeks, red fluorescent cells were detected in 11 of 15 livers and were mostly single cells that were well integrated into the liver tissue. Human albumin was found in 8 of 11 animals by immunohistochemistry, and human albumin mRNA was detected in 4 of 10 host livers. The mechanism underlying this phenomenon seems to be transdifferentiation, because human and mouse albumin were found to be expressed in distinct cells in the host liver.
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48
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Prawitt D, Brixel L, Spangenberg C, Eshkind L, Heck R, Oesch F, Zabel B, Bockamp E. RNAi knock-down mice: an emerging technology for post-genomic functional genetics. Cytogenet Genome Res 2004; 105:412-21. [PMID: 15237229 DOI: 10.1159/000078214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2003] [Accepted: 11/20/2003] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
RNA interference (RNAi) has been extensively used for sequence-specific silencing of gene function in mammalian cells. The latest major breakthrough in the application of RNAi technology came from experiments demonstrating RNAi-mediated gene repression in mice and rats. After more than two decades of functional mouse research aimed at developing and continuously improving transgenic and knock-out technology, the advent of RNAi knock-down mice represents a valuable new alternative for studying gene function in vivo. In this review we provide some basic insight as to how RNAi can induce gene silencing to then focus on recent findings concerning the applicability of RNAi for regulating gene function in the mouse. Reviewed topics will include delivery methods for RNAi-mediating molecules, a comparison between traditional knock-out and innovative transgenic RNAi technology and the generation of graded RNAi knock-down phenotypes. Apart from the exciting possibilities RNAi provides for studying gene function in mice, we discuss several caveats and limitations to be considered. Finally, we present prospective strategies as to how RNAi technology might be applied for generating conditional and tissue-restricted knock-down mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Prawitt
- Children's Hospital, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
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49
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Albrecht S, Hartmann W, Houshdaran F, Koch A, Gärtner B, Prawitt D, Zabel BU, Russo P, Von Schweinitz D, Pietsch T. Allelic loss but absence of mutations in the polyspecific transporter geneBWR1Aon 11p15.5 in hepatoblastoma. Int J Cancer 2004; 111:627-32. [PMID: 15239143 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.20280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Chromosomal region 11p15.5 shows frequent maternal allelic loss in embryonal tumors, including rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS), Wilms' tumor (WT) and hepatoblastoma (HB), consistent with the presence of at least one tumor suppressor gene in this region, which should be paternally imprinted, i.e., expressed from the maternal allele only. The BWR1A gene encodes a polyspecific transmembrane transporter and is located on 11p15.5. It is highly expressed in liver, paternally imprinted and was found to be mutated in an RMS cell line, making it a plausible tumor suppressor gene for HB. We therefore screened 62 HBs, 3 HB cell lines and 1 pediatric hepatocellular carcinoma for BWR1A mutations using single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis. Allelic loss on 11p15.5 was assessed by PCR-based microsatellite analysis in 56 of the cases for which constitutional DNA was available. BWR1A mRNA expression was determined in 14 HBs by differential RT-PCR of matched cDNA samples from tumor and normal liver. Western blot analysis was performed on 4 tumors and matching normal liver tissue. Except for sequence polymorphisms (in exons 2, 3 and 10 as well as in introns 6 and 7), no mutations were found. Thirteen HBs (23%) had allelic loss on 11p15.5; this included BWR1A in 12 but it was telomeric to BWR1A in 1. Expression of BWR1A mRNA was reduced in 11 out of 14 cases by 19-92%, independent from allelic loss of 11p15.5. By Western blot analysis, all 4 tumors and matching liver samples displayed a 48-51 kd band corresponding to BWR1A. These results make it unlikely that BWR1A is the target of the allelic deletions in HB. However, similar to the putative 11p15.5 tumor suppressor H19, BWR1A appears to be reduced in expression. Reduced expression in the absence of mutations may contribute to HB development; however, to understand the significance of this finding will require further studies on the function of BWR1A, specifically its role in liver development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steffen Albrecht
- Department of Pathology, Sir Mortimer B. Davis-Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
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50
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Prawitt D, Monteilh-Zoller MK, Brixel L, Spangenberg C, Zabel B, Fleig A, Penner R. TRPM5 is a transient Ca2+-activated cation channel responding to rapid changes in [Ca2+]i. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2003; 100:15166-71. [PMID: 14634208 PMCID: PMC299937 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2334624100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 280] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Transient receptor potential (TRP) proteins are a diverse family of proteins with structural features typical of ion channels. TRPM5, a member of the TRPM subfamily, plays an important role in taste receptors, although its activation mechanism remains controversial and its function in signal transduction is unknown. Here we characterize the functional properties of heterologously expressed human TRPM5 in HEK-293 cells. TRPM5 displays characteristics of a calcium-activated, nonselective cation channel with a unitary conductance of 25 pS. TRPM5 is a monovalent-specific, nonselective cation channel that carries Na+, K+, and Cs+ ions equally well, but not Ca2+ ions. It is directly activated by [Ca2+]i at concentrations of 0.3-1 microM, whereas higher concentrations are inhibitory, resulting in a bell-shaped dose-response curve. It activates and deactivates rapidly even during sustained elevations in [Ca2+]i, thereby inducing a transient membrane depolarization. TRPM5 does not simply mirror levels of [Ca2+]i, but instead responds to the rate of change in [Ca2+]i in that it requires rapid changes in [Ca2+]i to generate significant whole-cell currents, whereas slow elevations in [Ca2+]i to equivalent levels are ineffective. Moreover, we demonstrate that TRPM5 is not limited to taste signal transduction, because we detect the presence of TRPM5 in a variety of tissues and we identify endogenous TRPM5-like currents in a pancreatic beta cell line. TRPM5 can be activated physiologically by inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate-producing receptor agonists, and it may therefore couple intracellular Ca2+ release to electrical activity and subsequent cellular responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dirk Prawitt
- Children's Hospital, University of Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, D-55101 Mainz, Germany
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