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Xu J, Zhang H, Chen D, Xu K, Li Z, Wu H, Geng X, Wei X, Wu J, Cui W, Wei S. Looking for a Beam of Light to Heal Chronic Pain. J Pain Res 2024; 17:1091-1105. [PMID: 38510563 PMCID: PMC10953534 DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s455549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic pain (CP) is a leading cause of disability and a potential factor that affects biological processes, family relationships, and self-esteem of patients. However, the need for treatment of CP is presently unmet. Current methods of pain management involve the use of drugs, but there are different degrees of concerning side effects. At present, the potential mechanisms underlying CP are not completely clear. As research progresses and novel therapeutic approaches are developed, the shortcomings of current pain treatment methods may be overcome. In this review, we discuss the retinal photoreceptors and brain regions associated with photoanalgesia, as well as the targets involved in photoanalgesia, shedding light on its potential underlying mechanisms. Our aim is to provide a foundation to understand the mechanisms underlying CP and develop light as a novel analgesic treatment has its biological regulation principle for CP. This approach may provide an opportunity to drive the field towards future translational, clinical studies and support pain drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialing Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Classic Theory of Ministry of Education, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji’nan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
- Chinese Medicine and Brain Science Interdisciplinary Research Institute, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji’nan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hao Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Classic Theory of Ministry of Education, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji’nan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
- Chinese Medicine and Brain Science Interdisciplinary Research Institute, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji’nan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dan Chen
- Chinese Medicine and Brain Science Interdisciplinary Research Institute, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji’nan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kaiyong Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Classic Theory of Ministry of Education, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji’nan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
- Chinese Medicine and Brain Science Interdisciplinary Research Institute, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji’nan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zifa Li
- The Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Classic Theory of Ministry of Education, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji’nan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
- Chinese Medicine and Brain Science Interdisciplinary Research Institute, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji’nan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongyun Wu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji’nan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiwen Geng
- The Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Classic Theory of Ministry of Education, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji’nan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
- Chinese Medicine and Brain Science Interdisciplinary Research Institute, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji’nan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xia Wei
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Generic Drugs, Shandong Institute for Food and Drug Control, Ji’nan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jibiao Wu
- The Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Classic Theory of Ministry of Education, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji’nan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
- Chinese Medicine and Brain Science Interdisciplinary Research Institute, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji’nan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenqiang Cui
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji’nan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Sheng Wei
- The Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Classic Theory of Ministry of Education, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji’nan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
- Chinese Medicine and Brain Science Interdisciplinary Research Institute, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji’nan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
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Zhang Y, Deng J, Tian H, Qi H, Xiong T, Lin S, Dong Y, Luo L, Wu D, Zhang K, Ji M, Du T, Sheng L, Chen X, Xu H. Design, Synthesis, and Bioevaluation of Novel Reversibly Photoswitchable PI3K Inhibitors Based on Phenylazopyridine Derivatives toward Light-Controlled Cancer Treatment. J Med Chem 2024; 67:3504-3519. [PMID: 38377311 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c01864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Photopharmacology is an emerging approach for achieving light-controlled drug activity. Herein, we design and synthesize a novel series of photoswitchable PI3K inhibitors by replacing a sulfonamide moiety with an azo group in a 4-methylquinazoline-based scaffold. Through structure-activity relationship studies, compound 6g is identified to be effectively switched between its trans- and cis-configuration under irradiation with proper wavelengths. Molecular docking studies show the cis-isomer of 6g is favorable to bind to the PI3K target, supporting compound 6g in the PSS365 (cis-isomer enriched) was more potent than that in the PSSdark (trans-isomer dominated) in PI3K enzymatic assay, cell antiproliferative assay, Western blotting analysis on PI3K downstream effectors, cell cycle analysis, colony formation assay, and wound-healing assay. Relative to the cis-isomer, the trans-isomer is more metabolically stable and shows good pharmacokinetic properties in mice. Moreover, compound 6g inhibits tumor growth in nude mice and a zebrafish HGC-27 xenograft model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substances Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- CAMS Key Laboratory of Small Molecule Immuno-Oncology Drug Discovery, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Jialing Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substances Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- CAMS Key Laboratory of Small Molecule Immuno-Oncology Drug Discovery, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Hua Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substances Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- CAMS Key Laboratory of Small Molecule Immuno-Oncology Drug Discovery, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Haixiang Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substances Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- CAMS Key Laboratory of Small Molecule Immuno-Oncology Drug Discovery, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Tianning Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substances Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- CAMS Key Laboratory of Small Molecule Immuno-Oncology Drug Discovery, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Songwen Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substances Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- CAMS Key Laboratory of Small Molecule Immuno-Oncology Drug Discovery, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yi Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substances Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- CAMS Key Laboratory of Small Molecule Immuno-Oncology Drug Discovery, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Lijun Luo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Non-Clinical Drug Metabolism and PK/PD Study, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Deyu Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substances Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- CAMS Key Laboratory of Small Molecule Immuno-Oncology Drug Discovery, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Kehui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substances Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- CAMS Key Laboratory of Small Molecule Immuno-Oncology Drug Discovery, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Ming Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- CAMS Key Laboratory of Small Molecule Immuno-Oncology Drug Discovery, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Tingting Du
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- CAMS Key Laboratory of Small Molecule Immuno-Oncology Drug Discovery, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Li Sheng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Non-Clinical Drug Metabolism and PK/PD Study, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Xiaoguang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- CAMS Key Laboratory of Small Molecule Immuno-Oncology Drug Discovery, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Heng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substances Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- CAMS Key Laboratory of Small Molecule Immuno-Oncology Drug Discovery, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, China
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McKinstry-Wu AR, Wasilczuk AZ, Dailey WP, Eckenhoff RG, Kelz MB. In Vivo Photoadduction of Anesthetic Ligands in Mouse Brain Markedly Extends Sedation and Hypnosis. J Neurosci 2023; 43:2338-2348. [PMID: 36849414 PMCID: PMC10072292 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1884-22.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Photoaffinity ligands are best known as tools used to identify the specific binding sites of drugs to their molecular targets. However, photoaffinity ligands have the potential to further define critical neuroanatomic targets of drug action. In the brains of WT male mice, we demonstrate the feasibility of using photoaffinity ligands in vivo to prolong anesthesia via targeted yet spatially restricted photoadduction of azi-m-propofol (aziPm), a photoreactive analog of the general anesthetic propofol. Systemic administration of aziPm with bilateral near-ultraviolet photoadduction in the rostral pons, at the border of the parabrachial nucleus and locus coeruleus, produced a 20-fold increase in the duration of sedative and hypnotic effects compared with control mice without UV illumination. Photoadduction that missed the parabrachial-coerulean complex also failed to extend the sedative or hypnotic actions of aziPm and was indistinguishable from nonadducted controls. Paralleling the prolonged behavioral and EEG consequences of on target in vivo photoadduction, we conducted electrophysiologic recordings in rostral pontine brain slices. Using neurons within the locus coeruleus to further highlight the cellular consequences of irreversible aziPm binding, we demonstrate transient slowing of spontaneous action potentials with a brief bath application of aziPm that becomes irreversible on photoadduction. Together, these findings suggest that photochemistry-based strategies are a viable new approach for probing CNS physiology and pathophysiology.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Photoaffinity ligands are drugs capable of light-induced irreversible binding, which have unexploited potential to identify the neuroanatomic sites of drug action. We systemically administer a centrally acting anesthetic photoaffinity ligand in mice, conduct localized photoillumination within the brain to covalently adduct the drug at its in vivo sites of action, and successfully enrich irreversible drug binding within a restricted 250 µm radius. When photoadduction encompassed the pontine parabrachial-coerulean complex, anesthetic sedation and hypnosis was prolonged 20-fold, thus illustrating the power of in vivo photochemistry to help unravel neuronal mechanisms of drug action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew R McKinstry-Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Philadelphia 19104
- Neuroscience of Unconsciousness and Reanimation Research Alliance, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Philadelphia 19104
| | - Andrzej Z Wasilczuk
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Philadelphia 19104
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Philadelphia 19104
- Neuroscience of Unconsciousness and Reanimation Research Alliance, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Philadelphia 19104
| | - William P Dailey
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania School of Arts and Sciences, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104
| | - Roderic G Eckenhoff
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Philadelphia 19104
| | - Max B Kelz
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Philadelphia 19104
- Mahoney Institute for Neurosciences, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Philadelphia 19104
- Neuroscience of Unconsciousness and Reanimation Research Alliance, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Philadelphia 19104
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4
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Singer NK, Sánchez‐Murcia PA, Ernst M, González L. Unravelling the Turn-On Fluorescence Mechanism of a Fluorescein-Based Probe in GABA A Receptors. ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 134:e202205198. [PMID: 38529084 PMCID: PMC10962554 DOI: 10.1002/ange.202205198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
GABAA (γ-aminobutyric acid type A) receptors are ligand-gated ion channels mediating fast inhibitory transmission in the mammalian brain. Here we report the molecular and electronic mechanism governing the turn-on emission of a fluorescein-based imaging probe able to target the human GABAA receptor. Multiscale calculations evidence a drastic conformational change of the probe from folded in solution to extended upon binding to the receptor. Intramolecular ππ-stacking interactions present in the folded probe are responsible for quenching fluorescence in solution. In contrast, unfolding within the GABAA receptor changes the nature of the bright excited state triggering emission. Remarkably, this turn-on effect only manifests for the dianionic prototropic form of the imaging probe, which is found to be the strongest binder to the GABAA receptor. This study is expected to assist the design of new photoactivatable screening tools for allosteric modulators of the GABAA receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadja K. Singer
- Institute of Theoretical ChemistryFaculty of ChemistryUniversity of ViennaWähringer Str. 171090ViennaAustria
- Vienna Doctoral School in Chemistry (DoSChem)University of ViennaWähringer Str. 421090ViennaAustria
| | - Pedro A. Sánchez‐Murcia
- Institute of Theoretical ChemistryFaculty of ChemistryUniversity of ViennaWähringer Str. 171090ViennaAustria
- Present address: Division of Physiological ChemistryOtto-Loewi Research CenterMedical University of GrazNeue Stiftingtalstr. 6/III8010GrazAustria
| | - Margot Ernst
- Department of Molecular Neurosciences (Center for Brain Research)Medical University of ViennaSpitalgasse 41090ViennaAustria
| | - Leticia González
- Institute of Theoretical ChemistryFaculty of ChemistryUniversity of ViennaWähringer Str. 171090ViennaAustria
- Vienna Research Platform on Accelerating Photoreaction DiscoveryUniversity of ViennaWähringer Str. 171090ViennaAustria
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5
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Singer NK, Sánchez‐Murcia PA, Ernst M, González L. Unravelling the Turn‐On Fluorescence Mechanism of a Fluorescein‐Based Probe in GABA
A
Receptors. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202205198. [PMID: 35482315 PMCID: PMC9400872 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202205198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
GABAA (γ‐aminobutyric acid type A) receptors are ligand‐gated ion channels mediating fast inhibitory transmission in the mammalian brain. Here we report the molecular and electronic mechanism governing the turn‐on emission of a fluorescein‐based imaging probe able to target the human GABAA receptor. Multiscale calculations evidence a drastic conformational change of the probe from folded in solution to extended upon binding to the receptor. Intramolecular ππ‐stacking interactions present in the folded probe are responsible for quenching fluorescence in solution. In contrast, unfolding within the GABAA receptor changes the nature of the bright excited state triggering emission. Remarkably, this turn‐on effect only manifests for the dianionic prototropic form of the imaging probe, which is found to be the strongest binder to the GABAA receptor. This study is expected to assist the design of new photoactivatable screening tools for allosteric modulators of the GABAA receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadja K. Singer
- Institute of Theoretical ChemistryFaculty of ChemistryUniversity of ViennaWähringer Str. 171090ViennaAustria
- Vienna Doctoral School in Chemistry (DoSChem)University of ViennaWähringer Str. 421090ViennaAustria
| | - Pedro A. Sánchez‐Murcia
- Institute of Theoretical ChemistryFaculty of ChemistryUniversity of ViennaWähringer Str. 171090ViennaAustria
- Present address: Division of Physiological ChemistryOtto-Loewi Research CenterMedical University of GrazNeue Stiftingtalstr. 6/III8010GrazAustria
| | - Margot Ernst
- Department of Molecular Neurosciences (Center for Brain Research)Medical University of ViennaSpitalgasse 41090ViennaAustria
| | - Leticia González
- Institute of Theoretical ChemistryFaculty of ChemistryUniversity of ViennaWähringer Str. 171090ViennaAustria
- Vienna Research Platform on Accelerating Photoreaction DiscoveryUniversity of ViennaWähringer Str. 171090ViennaAustria
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6
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Noev A, Kuznetsov N, Korenev G, Morozova N, Vasil’ev Y, Suvorov N, Diachkova E, Usachev M, Pankratov A, Grin M. A Novel Photoswitchable Azobenzene-Containing Local Anesthetic Ethercaine with Light-Controlled Biological Activity In Vivo. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23105352. [PMID: 35628162 PMCID: PMC9141926 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Pain is a common symptom that impairs the quality of life for people around the world. Local anesthetics widely used for pain relief have a number of side effects, which makes the development of both new drugs and new ways to control their activity particularly important. Photopharmacology makes it possible to reduce the side effects of an anesthetic and control its biological activity in the body. The purpose of this work was to create a new light-controlled local anesthetic and study its biological activity in animals. A compound with a simple scheme of synthesis was chosen to shift the UV-Vis absorption band towards the visible range of the spectrum and was synthesized for the first time. Some computer calculations were performed to make sure that the aforementioned changes would not lead to loss of biological activity. The micellar form of the new compound was prepared, and in vivo biological studies were carried out in rabbits. The existence of a local anesthetic effect, which disappeared almost completely on irradiation with light (λ = 395 nm), was shown using the surface anesthesia model. Moreover, the possibility of multiple reversible changes in the biological activity of ethercaine under the action of light was demonstrated. The latter compound manifests no local irritating effect, either. The data obtained indicate the prospects for the development of new compounds based on azobenzene for light-controlled local anesthesia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey Noev
- Department of Chemistry and Technology of Biologically Active Compounds, Medicinal and Organic Chemistry, Institute of Fine Chemical Technologies, MIREA-Russian Technological University, 86 Vernadsky Avenue, 119571 Moscow, Russia; (N.K.); (G.K.); (N.S.); (M.U.); (M.G.)
- P. Hertsen Moscow Oncology Research Institute—Branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Centre of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 2nd Botkinsky pr. 3, 125284 Moscow, Russia; (N.M.); (A.P.)
- Correspondence: (A.N.); (E.D.)
| | - Nikita Kuznetsov
- Department of Chemistry and Technology of Biologically Active Compounds, Medicinal and Organic Chemistry, Institute of Fine Chemical Technologies, MIREA-Russian Technological University, 86 Vernadsky Avenue, 119571 Moscow, Russia; (N.K.); (G.K.); (N.S.); (M.U.); (M.G.)
| | - Georgiy Korenev
- Department of Chemistry and Technology of Biologically Active Compounds, Medicinal and Organic Chemistry, Institute of Fine Chemical Technologies, MIREA-Russian Technological University, 86 Vernadsky Avenue, 119571 Moscow, Russia; (N.K.); (G.K.); (N.S.); (M.U.); (M.G.)
| | - Natalia Morozova
- P. Hertsen Moscow Oncology Research Institute—Branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Centre of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 2nd Botkinsky pr. 3, 125284 Moscow, Russia; (N.M.); (A.P.)
| | - Yuriy Vasil’ev
- Department of Topographic Anatomy and Operative Surgery, Sklifosovskii Institute of Clinical Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Trubetskaya St. bldg. 8\2, 119435 Moscow, Russia;
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Dental Faculty, Kazan State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Str. Butlerova 49, 420012 Kazan, Russia
| | - Nikita Suvorov
- Department of Chemistry and Technology of Biologically Active Compounds, Medicinal and Organic Chemistry, Institute of Fine Chemical Technologies, MIREA-Russian Technological University, 86 Vernadsky Avenue, 119571 Moscow, Russia; (N.K.); (G.K.); (N.S.); (M.U.); (M.G.)
| | - Ekaterina Diachkova
- Department of Topographic Anatomy and Operative Surgery, Sklifosovskii Institute of Clinical Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Trubetskaya St. bldg. 8\2, 119435 Moscow, Russia;
- Department of Oral Surgery Borovskiy Institute of Dentistry, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Trubetskaya St. bldg. 8\2, 119435 Moscow, Russia
- Correspondence: (A.N.); (E.D.)
| | - Maksim Usachev
- Department of Chemistry and Technology of Biologically Active Compounds, Medicinal and Organic Chemistry, Institute of Fine Chemical Technologies, MIREA-Russian Technological University, 86 Vernadsky Avenue, 119571 Moscow, Russia; (N.K.); (G.K.); (N.S.); (M.U.); (M.G.)
| | - Andrei Pankratov
- P. Hertsen Moscow Oncology Research Institute—Branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Centre of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 2nd Botkinsky pr. 3, 125284 Moscow, Russia; (N.M.); (A.P.)
| | - Mikhail Grin
- Department of Chemistry and Technology of Biologically Active Compounds, Medicinal and Organic Chemistry, Institute of Fine Chemical Technologies, MIREA-Russian Technological University, 86 Vernadsky Avenue, 119571 Moscow, Russia; (N.K.); (G.K.); (N.S.); (M.U.); (M.G.)
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7
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Qiao Z, Fu W, Huang Q, Li Z, Zhao C, Shao X. Optical Regulation of GABA Receptor by Visible Light via Azobenzene-Phenylpyrazole. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:5541-5550. [PMID: 35475355 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c01463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Photopharmacology provides superior temporal and spatial resolution for the study of biological functions of γ-aminobutyric acid receptors (GABARs), and photopharmacology based on GABARs has significantly advanced the research of neurons and cells. Herein, we reported the azobenzene-phenylpyrazole (ABPs) for controlling the function of GABARs by light. The insecticidal activity of ABPs against Aedes albopictus larvae was different before and after light illumination. ABP3 (1 μM) could induce depolarization of dorsal unpaired median neurons and enable the real-time photoregulation of mosquito larval behavior. An electrophysiological experiment indicated that ABP3 had different inhibitory effects on GABARs before and after illumination. ABPs realized optical control of GABARs utilizing visible light, providing valuable supplements to the existing GABAR photocontrol tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Qiao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Wen Fu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Qiutang Huang
- Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Zhong Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Chunqing Zhao
- Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xusheng Shao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
- Shanghai Frontier Science Research Base of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
- Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
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8
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Mizukami S. Development of Photoresponsive Probes to Investigate Cellular Functions. YAKUGAKU ZASSHI 2022; 142:503-511. [DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.21-00203-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shin Mizukami
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University
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9
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Nin-Hill A, Mueller NPF, Molteni C, Rovira C, Alfonso-Prieto M. Photopharmacology of Ion Channels through the Light of the Computational Microscope. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:12072. [PMID: 34769504 PMCID: PMC8584574 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222112072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Revised: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The optical control and investigation of neuronal activity can be achieved and carried out with photoswitchable ligands. Such compounds are designed in a modular fashion, combining a known ligand of the target protein and a photochromic group, as well as an additional electrophilic group for tethered ligands. Such a design strategy can be optimized by including structural data. In addition to experimental structures, computational methods (such as homology modeling, molecular docking, molecular dynamics and enhanced sampling techniques) can provide structural insights to guide photoswitch design and to understand the observed light-regulated effects. This review discusses the application of such structure-based computational methods to photoswitchable ligands targeting voltage- and ligand-gated ion channels. Structural mapping may help identify residues near the ligand binding pocket amenable for mutagenesis and covalent attachment. Modeling of the target protein in a complex with the photoswitchable ligand can shed light on the different activities of the two photoswitch isomers and the effect of site-directed mutations on photoswitch binding, as well as ion channel subtype selectivity. The examples presented here show how the integration of computational modeling with experimental data can greatly facilitate photoswitchable ligand design and optimization. Recent advances in structural biology, both experimental and computational, are expected to further strengthen this rational photopharmacology approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Nin-Hill
- Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica (Secció de Química Orgànica) and Institut de Química Teòrica i Computacional (IQTCUB), Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (A.N.-H.); (C.R.)
| | - Nicolas Pierre Friedrich Mueller
- Institute for Advanced Simulations IAS-5 and Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine INM-9, Computational Biomedicine, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany;
- Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Carla Molteni
- Physics Department, King’s College London, London WC2R 2LS, UK;
| | - Carme Rovira
- Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica (Secció de Química Orgànica) and Institut de Química Teòrica i Computacional (IQTCUB), Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (A.N.-H.); (C.R.)
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), 08020 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mercedes Alfonso-Prieto
- Institute for Advanced Simulations IAS-5 and Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine INM-9, Computational Biomedicine, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany;
- Cécile and Oskar Vogt Institute for Brain Research, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
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10
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Schultzke S, Walther M, Staubitz A. Active Ester Functionalized Azobenzenes as Versatile Building Blocks. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26133916. [PMID: 34206950 PMCID: PMC8272017 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26133916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Azobenzenes are important molecular switches that can still be difficult to functionalize selectively. A high yielding Pd-catalyzed cross-coupling method under mild conditions for the introduction of NHS esters to azobenzenes and diazocines has been established. Yields were consistently high with very few exceptions. The NHS functionalized azobenzenes react with primary amines quantitatively. These amines are ubiquitous in biological systems and in material science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sven Schultzke
- Institute for Analytical and Organic Chemistry, University of Bremen, Leobener Straße 7, D-28359 Bremen, Germany; (S.S.); (M.W.)
- MAPEX Center for Materials and Processes, University of Bremen, Bibliothekstraße 1, D-28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Melanie Walther
- Institute for Analytical and Organic Chemistry, University of Bremen, Leobener Straße 7, D-28359 Bremen, Germany; (S.S.); (M.W.)
- MAPEX Center for Materials and Processes, University of Bremen, Bibliothekstraße 1, D-28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Anne Staubitz
- Institute for Analytical and Organic Chemistry, University of Bremen, Leobener Straße 7, D-28359 Bremen, Germany; (S.S.); (M.W.)
- MAPEX Center for Materials and Processes, University of Bremen, Bibliothekstraße 1, D-28359 Bremen, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-421-218-63210
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11
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Bregestovski PD, Ponomareva DN. Photochromic Modulation of Cys-loop
Ligand-gated Ion Channels. J EVOL BIOCHEM PHYS+ 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s0022093021020162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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12
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Thapaliya ER, Mony L, Sanchez R, Serraz B, Paoletti P, Ellis-Davies GCR. Photochemical control of drug efficacy - a comparison of uncaging and photoswitching ifenprodil on NMDA receptors. CHEMPHOTOCHEM 2021; 5:445-454. [PMID: 36540756 PMCID: PMC9762817 DOI: 10.1002/cptc.202000240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Ifenprodil is an important negative allosteric modulator of the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors. We have synthesized caged and photoswitchable derivatives of this small molecule drug. Caged ifenprodil was biologically inert before photolysis, UV irradiation efficiently released the drug allowing selective inhibition of GluN2B-containing NMDA receptors. Azobenzene-modified ifenprodil, on the other hand, is inert in both its trans and cis configurations, although in silico modeling predicted the trans form to be able to bind to the receptor. The disparity in effectiveness between the two compounds reflects, in part, the inherent ability of each method in manipulating the binding properties of drugs. With appropriate structure-activity relationship uncaging enables binary control of effector binding, whereas photoswitching using feely diffusable chromophores shifts the dose-response curve of drug-receptor interaction. Our data suggest that the efficacy of pharmacophores having a confined binding site such as ifenprodil can be controlled more easily by uncaging in comparison to photoswitching.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ek Raj Thapaliya
- Department of Neuroscience, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Equal contribution
| | - Laetitia Mony
- Institut de Biologie de l’Ecole Normale Supérieure (IBENS), École Normale Supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, Université PSL, Paris 75005, France
- Equal contribution
| | - Roberto Sanchez
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences and Drug Discovery Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Benjamin Serraz
- Institut de Biologie de l’Ecole Normale Supérieure (IBENS), École Normale Supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, Université PSL, Paris 75005, France
| | - Pierre Paoletti
- Institut de Biologie de l’Ecole Normale Supérieure (IBENS), École Normale Supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, Université PSL, Paris 75005, France
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13
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Borghese CM, Wang HYL, McHardy SF, Messing RO, Trudell JR, Harris RA, Bertaccini EJ. Modulation of α1β3γ2 GABA A receptors expressed in X. laevis oocytes using a propofol photoswitch tethered to the transmembrane helix. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:e2008178118. [PMID: 33593898 PMCID: PMC7923644 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2008178118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Tethered photoswitches are molecules with two photo-dependent isomeric forms, each with different actions on their biological targets. They include reactive chemical groups capable of covalently binding to their target. Our aim was to develop a β-subunit-tethered propofol photoswitch (MAP20), as a tool to better study the mechanism of anesthesia through the GABAA α1β3γ2 receptor. We used short spacers between the tether (methanethiosulfonate), the photosensitive moiety (azobenzene), and the ligand (propofol), to allow a precise tethering adjacent to the putative propofol binding site at the β+α- interface of the receptor transmembrane helices (TMs). First, we used molecular modeling to identify possible tethering sites in β3TM3 and α1TM1, and then introduced cysteines in the candidate positions. Two mutant subunits [β3(M283C) and α1(V227C)] showed photomodulation of GABA responses after incubation with MAP20 and illumination with lights at specific wavelengths. The α1β3(M283C)γ2 receptor showed the greatest photomodulation, which decreased as GABA concentration increased. The location of the mutations that produced photomodulation confirmed that the propofol binding site is located in the β+α- interface close to the extracellular side of the transmembrane helices. Tethering the photoswitch to cysteines introduced in the positions homologous to β3M283 in two other subunits (α1W288 and γ2L298) also produced photomodulation, which was not entirely reversible, probably reflecting the different nature of each interface. The results are in agreement with a binding site in the β+α- interface for the anesthetic propofol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia M Borghese
- Waggoner Center for Alcohol and Addiction Research, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712;
- Department of Neuroscience, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712
| | - Hua-Yu L Wang
- Center for Innovative Drug Discovery, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78249
| | - Stanton F McHardy
- Center for Innovative Drug Discovery, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78249
| | - Robert O Messing
- Waggoner Center for Alcohol and Addiction Research, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712
- Department of Neuroscience, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712
| | - James R Trudell
- Department of Anesthesia, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94305
- Beckman Program for Molecular and Genetic Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94305
| | - R Adron Harris
- Waggoner Center for Alcohol and Addiction Research, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712
- Department of Neuroscience, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712
| | - Edward J Bertaccini
- Department of Anesthesia, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94305
- Department of Anesthesia, Palo Alto VA Health Care System, Palo Alto Division, Palo Alto, CA 94304
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14
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Kolarski D, Sugiyama A, Rodat T, Schulte A, Peifer C, Itami K, Hirota T, Feringa BL, Szymanski W. Reductive stability evaluation of 6-azopurine photoswitches for the regulation of CKIα activity and circadian rhythms. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:2312-2321. [DOI: 10.1039/d1ob00014d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
6-Azopurines were evaluated for their reductive stability, and the ability to modulate CKIα activity and cellular circadian rhythms, revealing key challenges for long-term activity modulation utilizing chronophotopharmacology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dušan Kolarski
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry
- University of Groningen
- Groningen
- The Netherlands
| | - Akiko Sugiyama
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM)
- Nagoya University
- Nagoya 464-8601
- Japan
| | - Theo Rodat
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry
- Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel
- 24118 Kiel
- Germany
| | - Albert Schulte
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry
- University of Groningen
- Groningen
- The Netherlands
| | - Christian Peifer
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry
- Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel
- 24118 Kiel
- Germany
| | - Kenichiro Itami
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM)
- Nagoya University
- Nagoya 464-8601
- Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Hirota
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM)
- Nagoya University
- Nagoya 464-8601
- Japan
| | - Ben L. Feringa
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry
- University of Groningen
- Groningen
- The Netherlands
| | - Wiktor Szymanski
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry
- University of Groningen
- Groningen
- The Netherlands
- Medical Imaging Center
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15
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Dimitrov IV, Suonio EEK. Syntheses of Analogues of Propofol: A Review. SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART 2020. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1707287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
AbstractPropofol (2,6-diisopropylphenol) is an intravenous sedative/hypnotic agent that is used extensively for introduction and maintenance of general anaesthesia, sedation of critically ill patients and procedural sedation (e.g., endoscopy). Propofol has a rapid onset and offset of action and shows only minimal accumulation upon prolonged use. Propofol is only sparingly soluble in water and is currently marketed in 10% soybean oil-based lipid emulsion. Propofol’s anaesthetic properties were discovered over forty years ago, and it has been in clinical use for over thirty years. The main use of propofol remains as an anaesthetic but, over the years, analogues have been developed with varying properties from anticancer, anticonvulsant and antioxidant. In addition, large synthetic efforts have been made towards improving propofol’s water-solubility, its activity, and elucidating its structure–activity relationship and exact mechanism of action have been made. This review provides an overview of the research pertaining to propofol-like molecules and covers the efforts of synthetic chemists towards propofol analogues over the last 40 years.1 Introduction2 History3 Early Work4 Improving Water Solubility5 The Importance of the Phenol6 Exploring the Structure–Activity Relationship and Attempts to Improve Activity7 Anticancer Activity8 Anticonvulsant Properties9 Antioxidant Activity10 Photoactive Labelling to Elucidate Mechanism of Action11 Photoregulation12 Conclusion
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivaylo V. Dimitrov
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, School of Medical Sciences, University of Auckland
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16
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Gomila AMJ, Rustler K, Maleeva G, Nin-Hill A, Wutz D, Bautista-Barrufet A, Rovira X, Bosch M, Mukhametova E, Petukhova E, Ponomareva D, Mukhamedyarov M, Peiretti F, Alfonso-Prieto M, Rovira C, König B, Bregestovski P, Gorostiza P. Photocontrol of Endogenous Glycine Receptors In Vivo. Cell Chem Biol 2020; 27:1425-1433.e7. [PMID: 32846115 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2020.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Glycine receptors (GlyRs) are indispensable for maintaining excitatory/inhibitory balance in neuronal circuits that control reflexes and rhythmic motor behaviors. Here we have developed Glyght, a GlyR ligand controlled with light. It is selective over other Cys-loop receptors, is active in vivo, and displays an allosteric mechanism of action. The photomanipulation of glycinergic neurotransmission opens new avenues to understanding inhibitory circuits in intact animals and to developing drug-based phototherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre M J Gomila
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Karin Rustler
- University of Regensburg, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Regensburg 93053, Germany
| | - Galyna Maleeva
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona 08028, Spain; Aix-Marseille Université, INSERM, INS, Institut de Neurosciences des Systèmes, Marseille 13005, France
| | - Alba Nin-Hill
- University of Barcelona, Department of Inorganic and Organic Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry (IQTCUB), Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Daniel Wutz
- University of Regensburg, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Regensburg 93053, Germany
| | - Antoni Bautista-Barrufet
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Xavier Rovira
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Miquel Bosch
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Elvira Mukhametova
- Aix-Marseille Université, INSERM, INS, Institut de Neurosciences des Systèmes, Marseille 13005, France; Kazan Federal University, Open Lab of Motor Neurorehabilitation, Kazan, Russia
| | - Elena Petukhova
- Institute of Neurosciences, Kazan State Medical University, Kazan, Russia
| | - Daria Ponomareva
- Institute of Neurosciences, Kazan State Medical University, Kazan, Russia
| | | | - Franck Peiretti
- Aix Marseille Université, INSERM 1263, INRA 1260, C2VN, Marseille, France
| | - Mercedes Alfonso-Prieto
- Institute for Advanced Simulation IAS-5 and Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine INM-9, Computational Biomedicine, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany; Cécile and Oskar Vogt Institute for Brain Research, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Carme Rovira
- University of Barcelona, Department of Inorganic and Organic Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry (IQTCUB), Barcelona 08028, Spain; Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Barcelona 08003 Spain.
| | - Burkhard König
- University of Regensburg, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Regensburg 93053, Germany.
| | - Piotr Bregestovski
- Aix-Marseille Université, INSERM, INS, Institut de Neurosciences des Systèmes, Marseille 13005, France; Institute of Neurosciences, Kazan State Medical University, Kazan, Russia.
| | - Pau Gorostiza
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona 08028, Spain; Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Barcelona 08003 Spain; CIBER-BBN, Madrid 28001 Spain.
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17
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Morstein J, Impastato AC, Trauner D. Photoswitchable Lipids. Chembiochem 2020; 22:73-83. [PMID: 32790211 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202000449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Photoswitchable lipids are emerging tools for the precise manipulation and study of lipid function. They can modulate many aspects of membrane biophysics, including permeability, fluidity, lipid mobility and domain formation. They are also very useful in lipid physiology and enable optical control of a wide array of lipid receptors, such as ion channels, G protein-coupled receptors, nuclear hormone receptors, and enzymes that translocate to membranes. Enzymes involved in lipid metabolism often process them in a light-dependent fashion. Photoswitchable lipids complement other functionalized lipids widely used in lipid chemical biology, including isotope-labeled lipids (lipidomics), fluorescent lipids (imaging), bifunctional lipids (lipid-protein crosslinking), photocaged lipids (photopharmacology), and other labeled variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Morstein
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, 100 Washington Square East, New York, NY, 10003-6699, USA
| | - Anna C Impastato
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, 100 Washington Square East, New York, NY, 10003-6699, USA
| | - Dirk Trauner
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, 100 Washington Square East, New York, NY, 10003-6699, USA
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18
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Rustler K, Maleeva G, Gomila AMJ, Gorostiza P, Bregestovski P, König B. Optical Control of GABA A Receptors with a Fulgimide-Based Potentiator. Chemistry 2020; 26:12722-12727. [PMID: 32307732 PMCID: PMC7589408 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202000710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Optogenetic and photopharmacological tools to manipulate neuronal inhibition have limited efficacy and reversibility. We report the design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of Fulgazepam, a fulgimide derivative of benzodiazepine that behaves as a pure potentiator of ionotropic γ‐aminobutyric acid receptors (GABAARs) and displays full and reversible photoswitching in vitro and in vivo. The compound enables high‐resolution studies of GABAergic neurotransmission, and phototherapies based on localized, acute, and reversible neuroinhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Rustler
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Regensburg, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Galyna Maleeva
- INSERM, INS, Institut de Neurosciences des Systèmes, Aix-Marseille University, 13005, Marseille, France.,Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, 08028, Spain
| | - Alexandre M J Gomila
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, 08028, Spain
| | - Pau Gorostiza
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, 08028, Spain.,Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), 08020, Barcelona, Spain.,Network Biomedical Research Center in Biomaterials, Bioengineering and Nanomedicine (CIBER-bbn)
| | - Piotr Bregestovski
- INSERM, INS, Institut de Neurosciences des Systèmes, Aix-Marseille University, 13005, Marseille, France.,M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia.,Institute of Neurosciences, Kazan State Medical University, Kazan, Russia
| | - Burkhard König
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Regensburg, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
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19
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Scheiner M, Sink A, Spatz P, Endres E, Decker M. Photopharmacology on Acetylcholinesterase: Novel Photoswitchable Inhibitors with Improved Pharmacological Profiles. CHEMPHOTOCHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cptc.202000119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Scheiner
- Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie Institut für Pharmazie und Lebensmittelchemie Julius-Maximilians Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Alexandra Sink
- Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie Institut für Pharmazie und Lebensmittelchemie Julius-Maximilians Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Philipp Spatz
- Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie Institut für Pharmazie und Lebensmittelchemie Julius-Maximilians Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Erik Endres
- Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie Institut für Pharmazie und Lebensmittelchemie Julius-Maximilians Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Michael Decker
- Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie Institut für Pharmazie und Lebensmittelchemie Julius-Maximilians Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
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20
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Fu X, Yu J, Dai N, Huang Y, Lv F, Liu L, Wang S. Optical Tuning of Antibacterial Activity of Photoresponsive Antibiotics. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2020; 3:4751-4755. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c00877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xuancheng Fu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- College of Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Jiamu Yu
- The Experimental High School Attached to Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100032, P. R. China
| | - Nan Dai
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Yiming Huang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Fengting Lv
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Libing Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Shu Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- College of Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
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21
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Paoletti P, Ellis-Davies GCR, Mourot A. Optical control of neuronal ion channels and receptors. Nat Rev Neurosci 2020; 20:514-532. [PMID: 31289380 DOI: 10.1038/s41583-019-0197-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Light-controllable tools provide powerful means to manipulate and interrogate brain function with relatively low invasiveness and high spatiotemporal precision. Although optogenetic approaches permit neuronal excitation or inhibition at the network level, other technologies, such as optopharmacology (also known as photopharmacology) have emerged that provide molecular-level control by endowing light sensitivity to endogenous biomolecules. In this Review, we discuss the challenges and opportunities of photocontrolling native neuronal signalling pathways, focusing on ion channels and neurotransmitter receptors. We describe existing strategies for rendering receptors and channels light sensitive and provide an overview of the neuroscientific insights gained from such approaches. At the crossroads of chemistry, protein engineering and neuroscience, optopharmacology offers great potential for understanding the molecular basis of brain function and behaviour, with promises for future therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Paoletti
- Institut de Biologie de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure (IBENS), Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, Université PSL, Paris, France.
| | | | - Alexandre Mourot
- Neuroscience Paris Seine-Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (NPS-IBPS), CNRS, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France.
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22
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Abstract
As the inhibitory γ-aminobutyric acid-ergic (GABAergic) transmission has a pivotal role in the central nervous system (CNS) and defective forms of its synapses are associated with serious neurological disorders, numerous versions of caged GABA and, more recently, photoswitchable ligands have been developed to investigate such transmission. While the complementary nature of these probes is evident, the mechanisms by which the GABA receptors can be photocontrolled have not been fully exploited. In fact, the ultimate need for specificity is critical for the proper synaptic exploration. No caged allosteric modulators of the GABAA receptor have been reported so far; to introduce such an investigational approach, we exploited the structural motifs of the benzodiazepinic scaffold to develop a photocaged version of diazepam (CD) that was tested on basolateral amygdala (BLa) pyramidal cells in mouse brain slices. CD is devoid of any intrinsic activity toward the GABAA receptor before irradiation. Importantly, CD is a photoreleasable GABAA receptor-positive allosteric modulator that offers a different probing mechanism compared to caged GABA and photoswitchable ligands. CD potentiates the inhibitory signaling by prolonging the decay time of postsynaptic GABAergic currents upon photoactivation. Additionally, no effect on presynaptic GABA release was recorded. We developed a photochemical technology to individually study the GABAA receptor, which specifically expands the toolbox available to study GABAergic synapses.
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Trads JB, Hüll K, Matsuura BS, Laprell L, Fehrentz T, Görldt N, Kozek KA, Weaver CD, Klöcker N, Barber DM, Trauner D. Sign Inversion in Photopharmacology: Incorporation of Cyclic Azobenzenes in Photoswitchable Potassium Channel Blockers and Openers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201905790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julie B. Trads
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Integrated Protein Science (CIPSM) Ludwig Maximilian University Munich Butenandtstr. 5–13 81377 Munich Germany
- Center for DNA Nanotechnology Department of Chemistry and iNANO Aarhus University Gustav Wieds Vej 14 8000 Aarhus C Denmark
| | - Katharina Hüll
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Integrated Protein Science (CIPSM) Ludwig Maximilian University Munich Butenandtstr. 5–13 81377 Munich Germany
- Department of Chemistry New York University 100 Washington Square East New York NY 10003-6699 USA
| | - Bryan S. Matsuura
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Integrated Protein Science (CIPSM) Ludwig Maximilian University Munich Butenandtstr. 5–13 81377 Munich Germany
- Department of Chemistry New York University 100 Washington Square East New York NY 10003-6699 USA
| | - Laura Laprell
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Integrated Protein Science (CIPSM) Ludwig Maximilian University Munich Butenandtstr. 5–13 81377 Munich Germany
| | - Timm Fehrentz
- Institute of Neural and Sensory Physiology, Medical Faculty University of Düsseldorf Düsseldorf Germany
| | - Nicole Görldt
- Institute of Neural and Sensory Physiology, Medical Faculty University of Düsseldorf Düsseldorf Germany
| | - Krystian A. Kozek
- Department of Pharmacology Vanderbilt University School of Medicine Nashville TN USA
| | - C. David Weaver
- Departments of Pharmacology and Chemistry Institute of Chemical Biology Vanderbilt University School of Medicine Nashville TN USA
| | - Nikolaj Klöcker
- Institute of Neural and Sensory Physiology, Medical Faculty University of Düsseldorf Düsseldorf Germany
| | - David M. Barber
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Integrated Protein Science (CIPSM) Ludwig Maximilian University Munich Butenandtstr. 5–13 81377 Munich Germany
| | - Dirk Trauner
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Integrated Protein Science (CIPSM) Ludwig Maximilian University Munich Butenandtstr. 5–13 81377 Munich Germany
- Department of Chemistry New York University 100 Washington Square East New York NY 10003-6699 USA
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24
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Trads JB, Hüll K, Matsuura BS, Laprell L, Fehrentz T, Görldt N, Kozek KA, Weaver CD, Klöcker N, Barber DM, Trauner D. Sign Inversion in Photopharmacology: Incorporation of Cyclic Azobenzenes in Photoswitchable Potassium Channel Blockers and Openers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:15421-15428. [PMID: 31441199 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201905790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Photopharmacology relies on ligands that change their pharmacodynamics upon photoisomerization. Many of these ligands are azobenzenes that are thermodynamically more stable in their elongated trans-configuration. Often, they are biologically active in this form and lose activity upon irradiation and photoisomerization to their cis-isomer. Recently, cyclic azobenzenes, so-called diazocines, have emerged, which are thermodynamically more stable in their bent cis-form. Incorporation of these switches into a variety of photopharmaceuticals could convert dark-active ligands into dark-inactive ligands, which is preferred in most biological applications. This "pharmacological sign-inversion" is demonstrated for a photochromic blocker of voltage-gated potassium channels, termed CAL, and a photochromic opener of G protein-coupled inwardly rectifying potassium (GIRK) channels, termed CLOGO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie B Trads
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Integrated Protein Science (CIPSM), Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, Butenandtstr. 5-13, 81377, Munich, Germany.,Center for DNA Nanotechnology, Department of Chemistry and iNANO, Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Katharina Hüll
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Integrated Protein Science (CIPSM), Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, Butenandtstr. 5-13, 81377, Munich, Germany.,Department of Chemistry, New York University, 100 Washington Square East, New York, NY, 10003-6699, USA
| | - Bryan S Matsuura
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Integrated Protein Science (CIPSM), Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, Butenandtstr. 5-13, 81377, Munich, Germany.,Department of Chemistry, New York University, 100 Washington Square East, New York, NY, 10003-6699, USA
| | - Laura Laprell
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Integrated Protein Science (CIPSM), Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, Butenandtstr. 5-13, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Timm Fehrentz
- Institute of Neural and Sensory Physiology, Medical Faculty, University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Nicole Görldt
- Institute of Neural and Sensory Physiology, Medical Faculty, University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Krystian A Kozek
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - C David Weaver
- Departments of Pharmacology and Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Nikolaj Klöcker
- Institute of Neural and Sensory Physiology, Medical Faculty, University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - David M Barber
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Integrated Protein Science (CIPSM), Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, Butenandtstr. 5-13, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Dirk Trauner
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Integrated Protein Science (CIPSM), Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, Butenandtstr. 5-13, 81377, Munich, Germany.,Department of Chemistry, New York University, 100 Washington Square East, New York, NY, 10003-6699, USA
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25
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Lotz TS, Halbritter T, Kaiser C, Rudolph MM, Kraus L, Groher F, Steinwand S, Wachtveitl J, Heckel A, Suess B. A light-responsive RNA aptamer for an azobenzene derivative. Nucleic Acids Res 2019; 47:2029-2040. [PMID: 30517682 PMCID: PMC6393235 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gky1225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Revised: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulation of complex biological networks has proven to be a key bottleneck in synthetic biology. Interactions between the structurally flexible RNA and various other molecules in the form of riboswitches have shown a high-regulation specificity and efficiency and synthetic riboswitches have filled the toolbox of devices in many synthetic biology applications. Here we report the development of a novel, small molecule binding RNA aptamer, whose binding is dependent on light-induced change of conformation of its small molecule ligand. As ligand we chose an azobenzene because of its reliable photoswitchability and modified it with chloramphenicol for a better interaction with RNA. The synthesis of the ligand 'azoCm' was followed by extensive biophysical analysis regarding its stability and photoswitchability. RNA aptamers were identified after several cycles of in vitro selection and then studied regarding their binding specificity and affinity toward the ligand. We show the successful development of an RNA aptamer that selectively binds to only the trans photoisomer of azoCm with a KD of 545 nM. As the aptamer cannot bind to the irradiated ligand (λ = 365 nm), a light-selective RNA binding system is provided. Further studies may now result in the engineering of a reliable, light-responsible riboswitch.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thea S Lotz
- Technische Universität Darmstadt, Department of Biology, Schnittspahnstrasse 10, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Thomas Halbritter
- Goethe-University Frankfurt, Institute for Organic Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 9, 60438 Frankfurt (M), Germany
| | - Christoph Kaiser
- Goethe-University Frankfurt, Institute for Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 7, 60438 Frankfurt (M), Germany
| | - Martin M Rudolph
- Technische Universität Darmstadt, Department of Biology, Schnittspahnstrasse 10, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Leon Kraus
- Technische Universität Darmstadt, Department of Biology, Schnittspahnstrasse 10, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Florian Groher
- Technische Universität Darmstadt, Department of Biology, Schnittspahnstrasse 10, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Sabrina Steinwand
- Goethe-University Frankfurt, Institute for Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 7, 60438 Frankfurt (M), Germany
| | - Josef Wachtveitl
- Goethe-University Frankfurt, Institute for Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 7, 60438 Frankfurt (M), Germany
| | - Alexander Heckel
- Goethe-University Frankfurt, Institute for Organic Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 9, 60438 Frankfurt (M), Germany
| | - Beatrix Suess
- Technische Universität Darmstadt, Department of Biology, Schnittspahnstrasse 10, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
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26
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Pittolo S, Lee H, Lladó A, Tosi S, Bosch M, Bardia L, Gómez-Santacana X, Llebaria A, Soriano E, Colombelli J, Poskanzer KE, Perea G, Gorostiza P. Reversible silencing of endogenous receptors in intact brain tissue using 2-photon pharmacology. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:13680-13689. [PMID: 31196955 PMCID: PMC6613107 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1900430116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The physiological activity of proteins is often studied with loss-of-function genetic approaches, but the corresponding phenotypes develop slowly and can be confounding. Photopharmacology allows direct, fast, and reversible control of endogenous protein activity, with spatiotemporal resolution set by the illumination method. Here, we combine a photoswitchable allosteric modulator (alloswitch) and 2-photon excitation using pulsed near-infrared lasers to reversibly silence metabotropic glutamate 5 (mGlu5) receptor activity in intact brain tissue. Endogenous receptors can be photoactivated in neurons and astrocytes with pharmacological selectivity and with an axial resolution between 5 and 10 µm. Thus, 2-photon pharmacology using alloswitch allows investigating mGlu5-dependent processes in wild-type animals, including synaptic formation and plasticity, and signaling pathways from intracellular organelles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Pittolo
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Hyojung Lee
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Lladó
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sébastien Tosi
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miquel Bosch
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lídia Bardia
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier Gómez-Santacana
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IQAC-CSIC), 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Amadeu Llebaria
- Institute of Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IQAC-CSIC), 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eduardo Soriano
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, University of Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), 08010 Barcelona, Spain
- Network Center of Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), 28031 Madrid, Spain
| | - Julien Colombelli
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Kira E Poskanzer
- Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), CA 94158
- Kavli Institute for Fundamental Neuroscience, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158
| | - Gertrudis Perea
- Cajal Institute, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IC-CSIC), 28002 Madrid, Spain
| | - Pau Gorostiza
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08028 Barcelona, Spain;
- Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), 08010 Barcelona, Spain
- Network Center of Biomedical Research in Bioengineering, Biomaterials, and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 50015 Zaragoza, Spain
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27
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Maleeva G, Wutz D, Rustler K, Nin-Hill A, Rovira C, Petukhova E, Bautista-Barrufet A, Gomila-Juaneda A, Scholze P, Peiretti F, Alfonso-Prieto M, König B, Gorostiza P, Bregestovski P. A photoswitchable GABA receptor channel blocker. Br J Pharmacol 2019; 176:2661-2677. [PMID: 30981211 PMCID: PMC6609548 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2018] [Revised: 03/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Anion-selective Cys-loop receptors (GABA and glycine receptors) provide the main inhibitory drive in the CNS. Both types of receptor operate via chloride-selective ion channels, though with different kinetics, pharmacological profiles, and localization. Disequilibrium in their function leads to a variety of disorders, which are often treated with allosteric modulators. The few available GABA and glycine receptor channel blockers effectively suppress inhibitory currents in neurons, but their systemic administration is highly toxic. With the aim of developing an efficient light-controllable modulator of GABA receptors, we constructed azobenzene-nitrazepam (Azo-NZ1), which is composed of a nitrazepam moiety merged to an azobenzene photoisomerizable group. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH The experiments were carried out on cultured cells expressing Cys-loop receptors of known subunit composition and in brain slices using patch-clamp. Site-directed mutagenesis and molecular modelling approaches were applied to evaluate the mechanism of action of Azo-NZ1. KEY RESULTS At visible light, being in trans-configuration, Azo-NZ1 blocked heteromeric α1/β2/γ2 GABAA receptors, ρ2 GABAA (GABAC ), and α2 glycine receptors, whereas switching the compound into cis-state by UV illumination restored the activity. Azo-NZ1 successfully photomodulated GABAergic currents recorded from dentate gyrus neurons. We demonstrated that in trans-configuration, Azo-NZ1 blocks the Cl-selective ion pore of GABA receptors interacting mainly with the 2' level of the TM2 region. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Azo-NZ1 is a soluble light-driven Cl-channel blocker, which allows photo-modulation of the activity induced by anion-selective Cys-loop receptors. Azo-NZ1 is able to control GABAergic postsynaptic currents and provides new opportunities to study inhibitory neurotransmission using patterned illumination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Galyna Maleeva
- INSERM, INS, Institut de Neurosciences des Systèmes, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Daniel Wutz
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Karin Rustler
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Alba Nin-Hill
- Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica (Secció de Química Orgànica) and Institut de Química Teòrica i Computacional (IQTCUB), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carme Rovira
- Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica (Secció de Química Orgànica) and Institut de Química Teòrica i Computacional (IQTCUB), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elena Petukhova
- Department of Normal Physiology, Kazan State Medical University, Kazan, Russia
| | - Antoni Bautista-Barrufet
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alexandre Gomila-Juaneda
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Petra Scholze
- Department of Pathobiology of the Nervous System, Center for Brain Research, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Franck Peiretti
- INSERM 1263, INRA 1260, C2VN, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Mercedes Alfonso-Prieto
- Department of Computational Biomedicine, Institute for Advanced Simulations IAS-5 and Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine INM-9, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Germany.,Cécile and Oskar Vogt Institute for Brain Research, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Burkhard König
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Pau Gorostiza
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain.,Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain.,Network Biomedical Research Center in Biomaterials, Bioengineering and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Spain
| | - Piotr Bregestovski
- INSERM, INS, Institut de Neurosciences des Systèmes, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France.,Department of Normal Physiology, Kazan State Medical University, Kazan, Russia.,Institute of Neurosciences, Kazan State Medical University, Kazan, Russia
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28
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Photoactive Boron–Nitrogen–Carbon Hybrids: From Azo-borazines to Polymeric Materials. J Org Chem 2019; 84:9101-9116. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b01046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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29
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Solomon VR, Tallapragada VJ, Chebib M, Johnston G, Hanrahan JR. GABA allosteric modulators: An overview of recent developments in non-benzodiazepine modulators. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 171:434-461. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.03.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2018] [Revised: 02/17/2019] [Accepted: 03/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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30
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Mashita T, Kowada T, Takahashi H, Matsui T, Mizukami S. Light‐Wavelength‐Based Quantitative Control of Dihydrofolate Reductase Activity by Using a Photochromic Isostere of an Inhibitor. Chembiochem 2019; 20:1382-1386. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201800816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takato Mashita
- Department of ChemistryGraduate School of ScienceTohoku University 6-3, Aoba Aramaki Aoba-ku Sendai Miyagi 980–8578 Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Kowada
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced MaterialsTohoku University 2-1-1, Katahira Aoba-ku Sendai Miyagi 980–8577 Japan
- Department of ChemistryGraduate School of ScienceTohoku University 6-3, Aoba Aramaki Aoba-ku Sendai Miyagi 980–8578 Japan
- Graduate School of Life SciencesTohoku University 2-1-1, Katahira Aoba-ku Sendai Miyagi 980–8577 Japan
| | - Hiroto Takahashi
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced MaterialsTohoku University 2-1-1, Katahira Aoba-ku Sendai Miyagi 980–8577 Japan
| | - Toshitaka Matsui
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced MaterialsTohoku University 2-1-1, Katahira Aoba-ku Sendai Miyagi 980–8577 Japan
- Department of ChemistryGraduate School of ScienceTohoku University 6-3, Aoba Aramaki Aoba-ku Sendai Miyagi 980–8578 Japan
- Graduate School of Life SciencesTohoku University 2-1-1, Katahira Aoba-ku Sendai Miyagi 980–8577 Japan
| | - Shin Mizukami
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced MaterialsTohoku University 2-1-1, Katahira Aoba-ku Sendai Miyagi 980–8577 Japan
- Department of ChemistryGraduate School of ScienceTohoku University 6-3, Aoba Aramaki Aoba-ku Sendai Miyagi 980–8578 Japan
- Graduate School of Life SciencesTohoku University 2-1-1, Katahira Aoba-ku Sendai Miyagi 980–8577 Japan
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31
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Pianowski ZL. Recent Implementations of Molecular Photoswitches into Smart Materials and Biological Systems. Chemistry 2019; 25:5128-5144. [PMID: 30614091 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201805814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 176] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Revised: 12/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Light is a nearly ideal stimulus for molecular systems. It delivers information encoded in the form of wavelengths and their intensities with high precision in space and time. Light is a mild trigger that does not permanently contaminate targeted samples. Its energy can be reversibly transformed into molecular motion, polarity, or flexibility changes. This leads to sophisticated functions at the supramolecular and macroscopic levels, from light-triggered nanomaterials to photocontrol over biological systems. New methods and molecular adapters of light are reported almost daily. Recently reported applications of photoresponsive systems, particularly azobenzenes, spiropyrans, diarylethenes, and indigoids, for smart materials and photocontrol of biological setups are described herein with the aim to demonstrate that the 21st century has become the Age of Enlightenment-"Le siècle des Lumières"-in molecular sciences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zbigniew L Pianowski
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Karlsruher Institut für Technologie, Fritz-Haber-Weg 6, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany.,Institut für Toxikologie und Genetik, Karlsruher Institut für Technologie, Campus Nord, Hermann-von-Helmholtz Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
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32
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Schmidt D, Rodat T, Heintze L, Weber J, Horbert R, Girreser U, Raeker T, Bußmann L, Kriegs M, Hartke B, Peifer C. Axitinib: A Photoswitchable Approved Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor. ChemMedChem 2018; 13:2415-2426. [PMID: 30199151 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201800531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The goal of photopharmacology is to develop photoswitchable enzyme modulators as tunable (pro-)drugs that can be spatially and temporally controlled by light. In this context, the tyrosine kinase inhibitor axitinib, which contains a photosensitive stilbene-like moiety that allows for E/Z isomerization, is of interest. Axitinib is an approved drug that targets the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2) and is licensed for second-line therapy of renal cell carcinoma. The photoinduced E/Z isomerization of axitinib has been investigated to explore if its inhibitory effect can be turned "on" and "off", as triggered by light. Under controlled light conditions, (Z)-axitinib is 43 times less active than that of the E isomer in an VEGFR2 assay. Furthermore, it was proven that kinase activity in human umbilical vein cells (HUVECs) was decreased by (E)-axitinib, but only weakly affected by (Z)-axitinib. By irradiating (Z)-axitinib in vitro with UV light (λ=385 nm), it is possible to switch it almost quantitatively into the E isomer and to completely restore the biological activity of (E)-axitinib. However, switching the biological activity off from (E)- to (Z)-axitinib was not possible in aqueous solution due to a competing irreversible [2+2]-photocycloaddition, which yielded a biologically inactive axitinib dimer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorian Schmidt
- Institute of Pharmacy, Christian Albrechts University of Kiel, Gutenbergstraße 76, 24116, Kiel, Germany
| | - Theo Rodat
- Institute of Pharmacy, Christian Albrechts University of Kiel, Gutenbergstraße 76, 24116, Kiel, Germany
| | - Linda Heintze
- Institute of Pharmacy, Christian Albrechts University of Kiel, Gutenbergstraße 76, 24116, Kiel, Germany
| | - Jantje Weber
- Institute of Pharmacy, Christian Albrechts University of Kiel, Gutenbergstraße 76, 24116, Kiel, Germany
| | - Rebecca Horbert
- Institute of Pharmacy, Christian Albrechts University of Kiel, Gutenbergstraße 76, 24116, Kiel, Germany
| | - Ulrich Girreser
- Institute of Pharmacy, Christian Albrechts University of Kiel, Gutenbergstraße 76, 24116, Kiel, Germany
| | - Tim Raeker
- Institute for Physical Chemistry, Christian Albrechts University of Kiel, Max-Eyth-Strasse 1, 24118, Kiel, Germany
| | - Lara Bußmann
- University Cancer Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Martinistrasse 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany.,Laboratory of Radiobiology & Experimental Radiooncology and UCCH Kinomics Core Facility, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Malte Kriegs
- Laboratory of Radiobiology & Experimental Radiooncology and UCCH Kinomics Core Facility, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Bernd Hartke
- Institute for Physical Chemistry, Christian Albrechts University of Kiel, Max-Eyth-Strasse 1, 24118, Kiel, Germany
| | - Christian Peifer
- Institute of Pharmacy, Christian Albrechts University of Kiel, Gutenbergstraße 76, 24116, Kiel, Germany
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33
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Abstract
Molecular motors are Nature's solution for (supra)molecular transport and muscle functioning and are involved in most forms of directional motion at the cellular level. Their synthetic counterparts have also found a myriad of applications, ranging from molecular machines and smart materials to catalysis and anion transport. Although light-driven rotary molecular motors are likely to be suitable for use in an artificial cell, as well as in bionanotechnology, thus far they are not readily applied under physiological conditions. This results mainly from their inherently aromatic core structure, which makes them insoluble in aqueous solution. Here, the study of the dynamic behavior of these motors in biologically relevant media is described. Two molecular motors were equipped with solubilizing substituents and studied in aqueous solutions. Additionally, the behavior of a previously reported molecular motor was studied in micelles, as a model system for the biologically relevant confined environment. Design principles were established for molecular motors in these media, and insights are given into pH-dependent behavior. The work presented herein may provide a basis for the application of the remarkable properties of molecular motors in more advanced biohybrid systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anouk S Lubbe
- Center for Systems Chemistry, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry , University of Groningen , Nijenborgh 4 , 9747 AG Groningen , The Netherlands
| | - Christian Böhmer
- Center for Systems Chemistry, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry , University of Groningen , Nijenborgh 4 , 9747 AG Groningen , The Netherlands
| | - Filippo Tosi
- Center for Systems Chemistry, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry , University of Groningen , Nijenborgh 4 , 9747 AG Groningen , The Netherlands
| | - Wiktor Szymanski
- Center for Systems Chemistry, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry , University of Groningen , Nijenborgh 4 , 9747 AG Groningen , The Netherlands.,Department of Radiology , University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen , Hanzeplein 1 , 9713 GZ Groningen , The Netherlands
| | - Ben L Feringa
- Center for Systems Chemistry, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry , University of Groningen , Nijenborgh 4 , 9747 AG Groningen , The Netherlands
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34
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Hüll
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, 100 Washington Square East, New York, New York 10003-6699, United States
| | - Johannes Morstein
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, 100 Washington Square East, New York, New York 10003-6699, United States
| | - Dirk Trauner
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, 100 Washington Square East, New York, New York 10003-6699, United States
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35
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Bregestovski P, Maleeva G, Gorostiza P. Light-induced regulation of ligand-gated channel activity. Br J Pharmacol 2018; 175:1892-1902. [PMID: 28859250 PMCID: PMC5979632 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Revised: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The control of ligand-gated receptors with light using photochromic compounds has evolved from the first handcrafted examples to accurate, engineered receptors, whose development is supported by rational design, high-resolution protein structures, comparative pharmacology and molecular biology manipulations. Photoswitchable regulators have been designed and characterized for a large number of ligand-gated receptors in the mammalian nervous system, including nicotinic acetylcholine, glutamate and GABA receptors. They provide a well-equipped toolbox to investigate synaptic and neuronal circuits in all-optical experiments. This focused review discusses the design and properties of these photoswitches, their applications and shortcomings and future perspectives in the field. LINKED ARTICLES This article is part of a themed section on Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v175.11/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Bregestovski
- Aix Marseille Université, INSERM 1106 Institut de Neurosciences des SystèmesMarseilleFrance
- Department of PhysiologyKazan Medical State UniversityKazanRussia
| | - Galyna Maleeva
- Aix Marseille Université, INSERM 1106 Institut de Neurosciences des SystèmesMarseilleFrance
| | - Pau Gorostiza
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and TechnologyBarcelonaSpain
- ICREABarcelonaSpain
- CIBER‐BBNMadridSpain
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36
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Hammer CA, Falahati K, Jakob A, Klimek R, Burghardt I, Heckel A, Wachtveitl J. Sensitized Two-Photon Activation of Coumarin Photocages. J Phys Chem Lett 2018; 9:1448-1453. [PMID: 29498870 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.7b03364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Here we report the design of a new coumarin-based photolabile protecting group with enhanced two-photon absorption. Two-photon excited fluorescence (TPEF), color-tuned ultrafast transient absorption spectroscopy and infrared (IR) measurements are employed to photochemically characterize the newly designed ATTO 390-DEACM-cargo triad. Increased two-photon cross-section values of the novel cage in comparison to the widely used protecting group DEACM ([7-(diethylamino)coumarin-4-yl]methyl) are extracted from TPEF experiments. Femtosecond pump-probe experiments reveal a fast intramolecular charge transfer, a finding that is confirmed by quantum chemical calculations. Uncaging of glutamate is monitored in IR measurements by photodecarboxylation of the carbamate linker between the photolabile protecting group and the glutamate, showing the full functionality of the novel two-photon activatable photocage.
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37
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Hauwert NJ, Mocking TAM, Da Costa Pereira D, Kooistra AJ, Wijnen LM, Vreeker GCM, Verweij EWE, De Boer AH, Smit MJ, De Graaf C, Vischer HF, de Esch IJP, Wijtmans M, Leurs R. Synthesis and Characterization of a Bidirectional Photoswitchable Antagonist Toolbox for Real-Time GPCR Photopharmacology. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:4232-4243. [PMID: 29470065 PMCID: PMC5879491 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b11422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Noninvasive methods
to modulate G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs)
with temporal and spatial precision are in great demand. Photopharmacology
uses photons to control in situ the biological properties
of photoswitchable small-molecule ligands, which bodes well for chemical
biological precision approaches. Integrating the light-switchable
configurational properties of an azobenzene into the ligand core,
we developed a bidirectional antagonist toolbox for an archetypical
family A GPCR, the histamine H3 receptor (H3R). From 16 newly synthesized photoswitchable compounds, VUF14738
(28) and VUF14862 (33) were selected as
they swiftly and reversibly photoisomerize and show over 10-fold increased
or decreased H3R binding affinities, respectively, upon
illumination at 360 nm. Both ligands combine long thermal half-lives
with fast and high photochemical trans-/cis conversion, allowing their use in real-time electrophysiology experiments
with oocytes to confirm dynamic photomodulation of H3R
activation in repeated second-scale cycles. VUF14738 and VUF14862
are robust and fatigue-resistant photoswitchable GPCR antagonists
suitable for spatiotemporal studies of H3R signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niels J Hauwert
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines and Systems, Faculty of Science , Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam , De Boelelaan 1108 , 1081 HZ Amsterdam , The Netherlands
| | - Tamara A M Mocking
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines and Systems, Faculty of Science , Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam , De Boelelaan 1108 , 1081 HZ Amsterdam , The Netherlands
| | - Daniel Da Costa Pereira
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines and Systems, Faculty of Science , Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam , De Boelelaan 1108 , 1081 HZ Amsterdam , The Netherlands
| | - Albert J Kooistra
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines and Systems, Faculty of Science , Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam , De Boelelaan 1108 , 1081 HZ Amsterdam , The Netherlands
| | - Lisa M Wijnen
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines and Systems, Faculty of Science , Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam , De Boelelaan 1108 , 1081 HZ Amsterdam , The Netherlands
| | - Gerda C M Vreeker
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines and Systems, Faculty of Science , Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam , De Boelelaan 1108 , 1081 HZ Amsterdam , The Netherlands
| | - Eléonore W E Verweij
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines and Systems, Faculty of Science , Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam , De Boelelaan 1108 , 1081 HZ Amsterdam , The Netherlands
| | - Albertus H De Boer
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines and Systems, Faculty of Science , Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam , De Boelelaan 1108 , 1081 HZ Amsterdam , The Netherlands
| | - Martine J Smit
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines and Systems, Faculty of Science , Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam , De Boelelaan 1108 , 1081 HZ Amsterdam , The Netherlands
| | - Chris De Graaf
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines and Systems, Faculty of Science , Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam , De Boelelaan 1108 , 1081 HZ Amsterdam , The Netherlands
| | - Henry F Vischer
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines and Systems, Faculty of Science , Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam , De Boelelaan 1108 , 1081 HZ Amsterdam , The Netherlands
| | - Iwan J P de Esch
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines and Systems, Faculty of Science , Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam , De Boelelaan 1108 , 1081 HZ Amsterdam , The Netherlands
| | - Maikel Wijtmans
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines and Systems, Faculty of Science , Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam , De Boelelaan 1108 , 1081 HZ Amsterdam , The Netherlands
| | - Rob Leurs
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines and Systems, Faculty of Science , Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam , De Boelelaan 1108 , 1081 HZ Amsterdam , The Netherlands
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38
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Ankenbruck N, Courtney T, Naro Y, Deiters A. Optochemical Control of Biological Processes in Cells and Animals. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:2768-2798. [PMID: 28521066 PMCID: PMC6026863 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201700171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 292] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2017] [Revised: 05/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Biological processes are naturally regulated with high spatial and temporal control, as is perhaps most evident in metazoan embryogenesis. Chemical tools have been extensively utilized in cell and developmental biology to investigate cellular processes, and conditional control methods have expanded applications of these technologies toward resolving complex biological questions. Light represents an excellent external trigger since it can be controlled with very high spatial and temporal precision. To this end, several optically regulated tools have been developed and applied to living systems. In this review we discuss recent developments of optochemical tools, including small molecules, peptides, proteins, and nucleic acids that can be irreversibly or reversibly controlled through light irradiation, with a focus on applications in cells and animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Ankenbruck
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15260, USA
| | - Taylor Courtney
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15260, USA
| | - Yuta Naro
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15260, USA
| | - Alexander Deiters
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15260, USA
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39
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Woll KA, Eckenhoff RG. High-Throughput Screening to Identify Anesthetic Ligands Using Xenopus laevis Tadpoles. Methods Enzymol 2018; 602:177-187. [PMID: 29588028 DOI: 10.1016/bs.mie.2018.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
General anesthetics are considered among the most significant advances in modern medicine; however, they are also some of the most dangerous commonly administered drugs. Despite this, the discovery of novel anesthetics has been slow, with few clinically used agents regardless of their nearly 200-year history. Xenopus laevis frogs have a long history as a model organism and provide a vital bridge between in vitro and preclinical mammalian assays. The provided protocols are efficient and cost-effective and therefore readily amendable for high-throughput evaluation of novel anesthetic ligands. By using the X. laevis bioassay, a researcher is capable of determining relative general anesthetic tolerance and/or cross-tolerance for candidate nonvolatile and/or volatile ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kellie A Woll
- University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Roderic G Eckenhoff
- University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States.
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40
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Zussy C, Gómez-Santacana X, Rovira X, De Bundel D, Ferrazzo S, Bosch D, Asede D, Malhaire F, Acher F, Giraldo J, Valjent E, Ehrlich I, Ferraguti F, Pin JP, Llebaria A, Goudet C. Dynamic modulation of inflammatory pain-related affective and sensory symptoms by optical control of amygdala metabotropic glutamate receptor 4. Mol Psychiatry 2018; 23:509-520. [PMID: 27994221 DOI: 10.1038/mp.2016.223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2016] [Revised: 10/06/2016] [Accepted: 10/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Contrary to acute pain, chronic pain does not serve as a warning signal and must be considered as a disease per se. This pathology presents a sensory and psychological dimension at the origin of affective and cognitive disorders. Being largely refractory to current pharmacotherapies, identification of endogenous systems involved in persistent and chronic pain is crucial. The amygdala is a key brain region linking pain sensation with negative emotions. Here, we show that activation of a specific intrinsic neuromodulatory system within the amygdala associated with type 4 metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGlu4) abolishes sensory and affective symptoms of persistent pain such as hypersensitivity to pain, anxiety- and depression-related behaviors, and fear extinction impairment. Interestingly, neuroanatomical and synaptic analysis of the amygdala circuitry suggests that the effects of mGlu4 activation occur outside the central nucleus via modulation of multisensory thalamic inputs to lateral amygdala principal neurons and dorso-medial intercalated cells. Furthermore, we developed optogluram, a small diffusible photoswitchable positive allosteric modulator of mGlu4. This ligand allows the control of endogenous mGlu4 activity with light. Using this photopharmacological approach, we rapidly and reversibly inhibited behavioral symptoms associated with persistent pain through optical control of optogluram in the amygdala of freely behaving animals. Altogether, our data identify amygdala mGlu4 signaling as a mechanism that bypasses central sensitization processes to dynamically modulate persistent pain symptoms. Our findings help to define novel and more precise therapeutic interventions for chronic pain, and exemplify the potential of optopharmacology to study the dynamic activity of endogenous neuromodulatory mechanisms in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Zussy
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, CNRS, UMR-5203, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,INSERM, U1191, Montpellier, France
| | - X Gómez-Santacana
- MCS, Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain.,Laboratory of Molecular Neuropharmacology and Bioinformatics, Institut de Neurociències and Unitat de Bioestadística, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - X Rovira
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, CNRS, UMR-5203, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,INSERM, U1191, Montpellier, France
| | - D De Bundel
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, CNRS, UMR-5203, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,INSERM, U1191, Montpellier, France
| | - S Ferrazzo
- Department of Pharmacology, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - D Bosch
- Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Werner Reichardt Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - D Asede
- Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Werner Reichardt Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - F Malhaire
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, CNRS, UMR-5203, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,INSERM, U1191, Montpellier, France
| | - F Acher
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Biochimie Pharmacologiques et Toxicologiques, CNRS UMR8601, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - J Giraldo
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuropharmacology and Bioinformatics, Institut de Neurociències and Unitat de Bioestadística, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain.,Network Biomedical Research Center on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - E Valjent
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, CNRS, UMR-5203, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,INSERM, U1191, Montpellier, France
| | - I Ehrlich
- Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Werner Reichardt Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - F Ferraguti
- Department of Pharmacology, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - J-P Pin
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, CNRS, UMR-5203, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,INSERM, U1191, Montpellier, France
| | - A Llebaria
- MCS, Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - C Goudet
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, CNRS, UMR-5203, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,INSERM, U1191, Montpellier, France
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41
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Huckvale R, Mortensen M, Pryde D, Smart TG, Baker JR. Azogabazine; a photochromic antagonist of the GABAA receptor. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 14:6676-8. [PMID: 27327397 DOI: 10.1039/c6ob01101b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The design and synthesis of azogabazine is described, which represents a highly potent (IC50 = 23 nM) photoswitchable antagonist of the GABAA receptor. An azologization strategy is adopted, in which a benzyl phenyl ether in a high affinity gabazine analogue is replaced by an azobenzene, with resultant retention of antagonist potency. We show that cycling from blue to UV light, switching between trans and cis isomeric forms, leads to photochemically controlled antagonism of the GABA ion channel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosemary Huckvale
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London, WC1H 0AJ, UK.
| | - Martin Mortensen
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology & Pharmacology, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK.
| | - David Pryde
- Pfizer Worldwide Medicinal Chemistry, Neuroscience and Pain Research Unit, Portway Building, Granta Park, Great Abington, Cambridgeshire, CB21 6GS, UK
| | - Trevor G Smart
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology & Pharmacology, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK.
| | - James R Baker
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London, WC1H 0AJ, UK.
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42
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Ankenbruck N, Courtney T, Naro Y, Deiters A. Optochemische Steuerung biologischer Vorgänge in Zellen und Tieren. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201700171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Ankenbruck
- Department of Chemistry University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh Pennsylvania 15260 USA
| | - Taylor Courtney
- Department of Chemistry University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh Pennsylvania 15260 USA
| | - Yuta Naro
- Department of Chemistry University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh Pennsylvania 15260 USA
| | - Alexander Deiters
- Department of Chemistry University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh Pennsylvania 15260 USA
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43
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Goudet C, Rovira X, Llebaria A. Shedding light on metabotropic glutamate receptors using optogenetics and photopharmacology. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2018; 38:8-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2018.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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44
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Vulcano R, Pengo P, Velari S, Wouters J, De Vita A, Tecilla P, Bonifazi D. Toward Fractioning of Isomers through Binding-Induced Acceleration of Azobenzene Switching. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:18271-18280. [PMID: 29064236 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b09568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The E/Z isomerization process of a uracil-azobenzene derivative in which the nucleobase is conjugated to a phenyldiazene tail is studied in view of its ability to form triply H-bonded complexes with a suitably complementary 2,6-diacetylamino-4-pyridine ligand. UV-vis and 1H NMR investigations of the photochemical and thermal isomerization kinetics show that the thermal Z → E interconversion is 4-fold accelerated upon formation of the H-bonded complex. DFT calculations show that the formation of triple H-bonds triggers a significant elongation of the N═N double bond, caused by an increase of its πg* antibonding character. This results in a reduction of the N═N torsional barrier and thus in accelerated thermal Z → E isomerization. Combined with light-controlled E → Z isomerization, this enables controllable fractional tuning of the two configurational isomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosaria Vulcano
- Department of Chemistry, University of Namur (UNamur) , Rue de Bruxelles 61, Namur, 5000, Belgium
| | | | | | - Johan Wouters
- Department of Chemistry, University of Namur (UNamur) , Rue de Bruxelles 61, Namur, 5000, Belgium
| | - Alessandro De Vita
- Department of Physics, King's College London , Strand, London WC2R 2LS, United Kingdom
| | | | - Davide Bonifazi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Namur (UNamur) , Rue de Bruxelles 61, Namur, 5000, Belgium.,School of Chemistry, Cardiff University , Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
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45
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Durand-de Cuttoli R, Mondoloni S, Mourot A. [Optically dissecting brain nicotinic receptor function with photo-controllable designer receptors]. Biol Aujourdhui 2017; 211:173-188. [PMID: 29236669 DOI: 10.1051/jbio/2017022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) are pentameric ligand-gated ion channels widely expressed in the central nervous system and the periphery. They play an important modulatory role in learning, memory and attention, and have been implicated in various diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, epilepsy, schizophrenia and addiction. These receptors are activated by the endogenous neurotransmitter acetylcholine, or by nicotine, the alkaloid found in tobacco leaves. Both molecules open the ion channel and cause the movement of cations across the membrane, which directly affects neuronal excitability and synaptic plasticity. nAChRs are very heterogeneous in their subunit composition (α2-10 et β2-4), in their brain distribution (cortex, midbrain, striatum…) and in their sub-cellular localization (pre- vs post-synaptic, axonal, dendritic…). This heterogeneity highly contributes to the very diverse roles these receptors have in health and disease. The ability to activate or block a specific nAChR subtype, at a defined time and space within the brain, would greatly help obtaining a clearer picture of these various functions. To this aim, we are developing novel optogenetic pharmacology strategies for optically controlling endogenous nAChR isoforms within the mouse brain. The idea is to tether a chemical photoswitch on the surface of a cysteine-modified nAChR, and use light for rapidly and reversibly turning that receptor mutant on and off. Here we will discuss the history of optogenetic pharmacology, and the recent advances for the optical control of brain nicotinic receptors in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romain Durand-de Cuttoli
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM, CNRS, Neuroscience Paris Seine - Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (NPS - IBPS), 75005 Paris, France
| | - Sarah Mondoloni
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM, CNRS, Neuroscience Paris Seine - Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (NPS - IBPS), 75005 Paris, France
| | - Alexandre Mourot
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM, CNRS, Neuroscience Paris Seine - Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (NPS - IBPS), 75005 Paris, France
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46
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Mourot A, Herold C, Kienzler MA, Kramer RH. Understanding and improving photo-control of ion channels in nociceptors with azobenzene photo-switches. Br J Pharmacol 2017. [PMID: 28635081 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The photo-isomerizable local anaesthetic, quaternary ammonium-azobenzene-quaternary ammonium (QAQ), provides rapid, optical control over pain signalling without involving genetic modification. In darkness or in green light, trans-QAQ blocks voltage-gated K+ and Na+ channels and silences action potentials in pain-sensing neurons. Upon photo-isomerization to cis with near UV light, QAQ blockade is rapidly relieved, restoring neuronal activity. However, the molecular mechanism of cis and trans QAQ blockade is not known. Moreover, the absorption spectrum of QAQ requires UV light for photo-control, precluding use deep inside neural tissue. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Electrophysiology and molecular modelling were used to characterize the binding of cis and trans QAQ to voltage-gated K+ channels and to develop quaternary ammonium-ethylamine-azobenzene-quaternary ammonium (QENAQ), a red-shifted QAQ derivative controlled with visible light. KEY RESULTS trans QAQ was sixfold more potent than cis QAQ, in blocking current through Shaker K+ channels. Both isomers were use-dependent, open channel blockers, binding from the cytoplasmic side, but only trans QAQ block was slightly voltage dependent. QENAQ also blocked native K+ and Na+ channels preferentially in the trans state. QENAQ was photo-isomerized to cis with blue light and spontaneously reverted to trans within seconds in darkness, enabling rapid photo-control of action potentials in sensory neurons. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Light-switchable local anaesthetics provide a means to non-invasively photo-control pain signalling with high selectivity and fast kinetics. Understanding the mode of action of QAQ and related compounds will help to design of drugs with improved photo-pharmacological properties. LINKED ARTICLES This article is part of a themed section on Recent Advances in Targeting Ion Channels to Treat Chronic Pain. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v175.12/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Mourot
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Inserm, CNRS, Neuroscience Paris Seine - Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (NPS-IBPS), Paris, France
| | - Christian Herold
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.,Biophysics Graduate Group, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | | | - Richard H Kramer
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
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47
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Mogaki R, Okuro K, Aida T. Adhesive Photoswitch: Selective Photochemical Modulation of Enzymes under Physiological Conditions. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:10072-10078. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b05151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rina Mogaki
- Department
of Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku,
Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Kou Okuro
- Department
of Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku,
Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Takuzo Aida
- Department
of Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku,
Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
- Riken Center for Emergent Matter Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
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48
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Kienzler MA, Isacoff EY. Precise modulation of neuronal activity with synthetic photoswitchable ligands. Curr Opin Neurobiol 2017; 45:202-209. [PMID: 28690101 DOI: 10.1016/j.conb.2017.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Revised: 05/22/2017] [Accepted: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ehud Y Isacoff
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Bioscience Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
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49
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Kaiser C, Halbritter T, Heckel A, Wachtveitl J. Thermal, Photochromic and Dynamic Properties of Water-Soluble Spiropyrans. ChemistrySelect 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201700868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Kaiser
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry; Goethe-University Frankfurt; Max-von-Laure-Str. 7 60438 Frankfurt Germany
| | - Thomas Halbritter
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Chemical Biology; Goethe-University Frankfurt; Max-von-Laure-Str. 7 60438 Frankfurt Germany
| | - Alexander Heckel
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Chemical Biology; Goethe-University Frankfurt; Max-von-Laure-Str. 7 60438 Frankfurt Germany
| | - Josef Wachtveitl
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry; Goethe-University Frankfurt; Max-von-Laure-Str. 7 60438 Frankfurt Germany
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50
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Berlin S, Isacoff EY. Synapses in the spotlight with synthetic optogenetics. EMBO Rep 2017; 18:677-692. [PMID: 28396573 DOI: 10.15252/embr.201744010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Revised: 03/02/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Membrane receptors and ion channels respond to various stimuli and relay that information across the plasma membrane by triggering specific and timed processes. These include activation of second messengers, allowing ion permeation, and changing cellular excitability, to name a few. Gaining control over equivalent processes is essential to understand neuronal physiology and pathophysiology. Recently, new optical techniques have emerged proffering new remote means to control various functions of defined neuronal populations by light, dubbed optogenetics. Still, optogenetic tools do not typically address the activity of receptors and channels native to neurons (or of neuronal origin), nor gain access to their signaling mechanisms. A related method-synthetic optogenetics-bridges this gap by endowing light sensitivity to endogenous neuronal receptors and channels by the appending of synthetic, light-receptive molecules, or photoswitches. This provides the means to photoregulate neuronal receptors and channels and tap into their native signaling mechanisms in select regions of the neurons, such as the synapse. This review discusses the development of synthetic optogenetics as a means to study neuronal receptors and channels remotely, in their natural environment, with unprecedented spatial and temporal precision, and provides an overview of tool design, mode of action, potential clinical applications and insights and achievements gained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shai Berlin
- The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion- Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Ehud Y Isacoff
- Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.,Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.,Physical Bioscience Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
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