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Wang X, Prokhnevsky AI, Skarjinskaia M, Razzak MA, Streatfield SJ, Lee J. Facilitating viral vector movement enhances heterologous protein production in an established plant system. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2023; 21:635-645. [PMID: 36511837 PMCID: PMC9946140 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Molecular farming technology using transiently transformed Nicotiana plants offers an economical approach to the pharmaceutical industry to produce an array of protein targets including vaccine antigens and therapeutics. It can serve as a desirable alternative approach for those proteins that are challenging or too costly to produce in large quantities using other heterologous protein expression systems. However, since cost metrics are such a critical factor in selecting a production host, any system-wide modifications that can increase recombinant protein yields are key to further improving the platform and making it applicable for a wider range of target molecules. Here, we report on the development of a new approach to improve target accumulation in an established plant-based expression system that utilizes viral-based vectors to mediate transient expression in Nicotiana benthamiana. We show that by engineering the host plant to support viral vectors to spread more effectively between host cells through plasmodesmata, protein target accumulation can be increased by up to approximately 60%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Wang
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, College of Agriculture and Natural ResourcesUniversity of DelawareDelawareNewarkUSA
- Present address:
Department of Plant Physiology and BiochemistryUniversity of HohenheimBaden‐WürttembergStuttgartGermany
| | | | - Marina Skarjinskaia
- Fraunhofer USA Inc.Center Mid‐Atlantic, Biotechnology DivisionDelawareNewarkUSA
| | - Md Abdur Razzak
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, College of Agriculture and Natural ResourcesUniversity of DelawareDelawareNewarkUSA
| | | | - Jung‐Youn Lee
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, College of Agriculture and Natural ResourcesUniversity of DelawareDelawareNewarkUSA
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and SciencesUniversity of DelawareDelawareNewarkUSA
- Delaware Biotechnology InstituteUniversity of DelawareDelawareNewarkUSA
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2
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Klocko AL. Genetic Containment for Molecular Farming. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11182436. [PMID: 36145835 PMCID: PMC9501302 DOI: 10.3390/plants11182436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Plant molecular farming can provide humans with a wide variety of plant-based products including vaccines, therapeutics, polymers, industrial enzymes, and more. Some of these products, such as Taxol, are produced by endogenous plant genes, while many others require addition of genes by artificial gene transfer. Thus, some molecular farming plants are transgenic (or cisgenic), while others are not. Both the transgenic nature of many molecular farming plants and the fact that the products generated are of high-value and specific in purpose mean it is essential to prevent accidental cross-over of molecular farming plants and products into food or feed. Such mingling could occur either by gene flow during plant growth and harvest or by human errors in material handling. One simple approach to mitigate possible transfer would be to use only non-food non-feed species for molecular farming purposes. However, given the extent of molecular farming products in development, testing, or approval that do utilize food or feed crops, a ban on use of these species would be challenging to implement. Therefore, other approaches will need to be considered for mitigation of cross-flow between molecular farming and non-molecular-farming plants. This review summarized some of the production systems available for molecular farming purposes and options to implement or improve plant containment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy L Klocko
- Department of Biology, University of Colorado Colorado Springs, Colorado Springs, CO 80918, USA
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3
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Fukuzawa N, Masuta C, Matsumura T. Rapid transient protein production by the coat protein-deficient cucumber mosaic virus vector: non-packaged CMV system, NoPaCS. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2018; 37:1513-1522. [PMID: 30039464 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-018-2322-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE We developed a non-packaged CMV system (NoPaCS) for CMV-agroinfection with a virus-inescapable transgenic plant platform, enabling rapid, high production of a large-sequence target protein. For rapidly producing high levels of a desirable protein, many plant virus vectors have been developed. However, there is always a concern that such recombinant viruses may escape into the environment. Especially for insect-transmissible viruses, certain measures must be taken. We here developed a new cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) RNA 3-based vector that is not transmitted by aphids because we deleted the coat protein (CP) gene responsible for aphid transmission and replaced it with a foreign gene. Transgenic Nicotiana benthamiana plants expressing CMV RNA 1 (CR1Tg) were found to be the most suitable platform for producing a recombinant protein using the CMV vector. By agroinfiltrating CR1Tg plants with the RNA 2 construct and the CMV vector harboring the green fluorescence protein (GFP) gene instead of the CP gene, we achieved a high yield of GFP (e.g., ~ 750 mg/kg FW) throughout the bacteria-infiltrated tissues at 2-3 days after infiltration. Furthermore, with this CMV-agroinfection system, a large gene such as the β-glucuronidase (GUS) gene can be expressed because the viral RNAs are not necessarily encapsidated for replication. The system is designated "non-packaged CMV system (NoPaCS)".
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Affiliation(s)
- Noriho Fukuzawa
- Bioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 2-17-2-1 Tsukisamu-Higashi, Toyohira-ku, Sapporo, 062-8517, Japan
| | - Chikara Masuta
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Kita 9, Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8589, Japan
| | - Takeshi Matsumura
- Bioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 2-17-2-1 Tsukisamu-Higashi, Toyohira-ku, Sapporo, 062-8517, Japan.
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4
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Giritch A, Klimyuk V, Gleba Y. 125 years of virology and ascent of biotechnologies based on viral expressio. CYTOL GENET+ 2017. [DOI: 10.3103/s0095452717020037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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5
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Ortega-Berlanga B, Musiychuk K, Shoji Y, Chichester JA, Yusibov V, Patiño-Rodríguez O, Noyola DE, Alpuche-Solís ÁG. Engineering and expression of a RhoA peptide against respiratory syncytial virus infection in plants. PLANTA 2016; 243:451-8. [PMID: 26474991 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-015-2416-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2015] [Accepted: 09/23/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION : A RhoA-derived peptide fused to carrier molecules from plants showed enhanced biological activity of in vitro assays against respiratory syncytial virus compared to the RhoA peptide alone or the synthetic RhoA peptide. A RhoA-derived peptide has been reported for over a decade as a potential inhibitor of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection both in vitro and in vivo and is anticipated to be a promising alternative to monoclonal antibody-based therapy against RSV infection. However, there are several challenges to furthering development of this antiviral peptide, including improvement in the peptide’s bioavailability, development of an efficient delivery system and identification of a cost-effective production platform. In this study, we have engineered a RhoA peptide as a genetic fusion to two carrier molecules, either lichenase (LicKM) or the coat protein (CP) of Alfalfa mosaic virus. These constructs were introduced into Nicotiana benthamiana plants using a tobacco mosaic virus-based expression vector and targets purified. The results demonstrated that the RhoA peptide fusion proteins were efficiently expressed in N. benthamiana plants, and that two of the resulting fusion proteins, RhoA-LicKM and RhoA2-FL-d25CP, inhibited RSV growth in vitro by 50 and 80 %, respectively. These data indicate the feasibility of transient expression of this biologically active antiviral RhoA peptide in plants and the advantage of using a carrier molecule to enhance target expression and efficacy.
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Seid CA, Curti E, Jones RM, Hudspeth E, Rezende W, Pollet J, Center L, Versteeg L, Pritchard S, Musiychuk K, Yusibov V, Hotez PJ, Bottazzi ME. Expression, purification, and characterization of the Necator americanus aspartic protease-1 (Na-APR-1 (M74)) antigen, a component of the bivalent human hookworm vaccine. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2015; 11:1474-88. [PMID: 25905574 PMCID: PMC4514214 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2015.1036207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2014] [Revised: 03/13/2015] [Accepted: 03/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Over 400 million people living in the world's poorest developing nations are infected with hookworms, mostly of the genus Necator americanus. A bivalent human hookworm vaccine composed of the Necator americanus Glutathione S-Transferase-1 (Na-GST-1) and the Necator americanus Aspartic Protease-1 (Na-APR-1 (M74)) is currently under development by the Sabin Vaccine Institute Product Development Partnership (Sabin PDP). Both monovalent vaccines are currently in Phase 1 trials. Both Na-GST-1 and Na-APR-1 antigens are expressed as recombinant proteins. While Na-GST-1 was found to express with high yields in Pichia pastoris, the level of expression of Na-APR-1 in this host was too low to be suitable for a manufacturing process. When the tobacco plant Nicotiana benthamiana was evaluated as an expression system, acceptable levels of solubility, yield, and stability were attained. Observed expression levels of Na-APR-1 (M74) using this system are ∼300 mg/kg. Here we describe the achievements and obstacles encountered during process development as well as characterization and stability of the purified Na-APR-1 (M74) protein and formulated vaccine. The expression, purification and analysis of purified Na-APR-1 (M74) protein obtained from representative 5 kg reproducibility runs performed to qualify the Na-APR-1 (M74) production process is also presented. This process has been successfully transferred to a pilot plant and a 50 kg scale manufacturing campaign under current Good Manufacturing Practice (cGMP) has been performed. The 50 kg run has provided a sufficient amount of protein to support the ongoing hookworm vaccine development program of the Sabin PDP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher A Seid
- Departments of Pediatrics and Molecular Virology and Microbiology; National School of Tropical Medicine; Baylor College of Medicine; Houston, TX, USA
- Sabin Vaccine Institute and Texas Children's Hospital Center for Vaccine Development; Houston, TX, USA
| | - Elena Curti
- Departments of Pediatrics and Molecular Virology and Microbiology; National School of Tropical Medicine; Baylor College of Medicine; Houston, TX, USA
- Sabin Vaccine Institute and Texas Children's Hospital Center for Vaccine Development; Houston, TX, USA
| | - R Mark Jones
- Fraunhofer Center for Molecular Biotechnology; Newark, DE, USA
| | - Elissa Hudspeth
- Departments of Pediatrics and Molecular Virology and Microbiology; National School of Tropical Medicine; Baylor College of Medicine; Houston, TX, USA
- Sabin Vaccine Institute and Texas Children's Hospital Center for Vaccine Development; Houston, TX, USA
| | - Wanderson Rezende
- Departments of Pediatrics and Molecular Virology and Microbiology; National School of Tropical Medicine; Baylor College of Medicine; Houston, TX, USA
- Sabin Vaccine Institute and Texas Children's Hospital Center for Vaccine Development; Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jeroen Pollet
- Departments of Pediatrics and Molecular Virology and Microbiology; National School of Tropical Medicine; Baylor College of Medicine; Houston, TX, USA
- Sabin Vaccine Institute and Texas Children's Hospital Center for Vaccine Development; Houston, TX, USA
| | - Lori Center
- Departments of Pediatrics and Molecular Virology and Microbiology; National School of Tropical Medicine; Baylor College of Medicine; Houston, TX, USA
- Sabin Vaccine Institute and Texas Children's Hospital Center for Vaccine Development; Houston, TX, USA
| | - Leroy Versteeg
- Departments of Pediatrics and Molecular Virology and Microbiology; National School of Tropical Medicine; Baylor College of Medicine; Houston, TX, USA
- Sabin Vaccine Institute and Texas Children's Hospital Center for Vaccine Development; Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sonya Pritchard
- Fraunhofer Center for Molecular Biotechnology; Newark, DE, USA
| | | | - Vidadi Yusibov
- Fraunhofer Center for Molecular Biotechnology; Newark, DE, USA
| | - Peter J Hotez
- Departments of Pediatrics and Molecular Virology and Microbiology; National School of Tropical Medicine; Baylor College of Medicine; Houston, TX, USA
- Sabin Vaccine Institute and Texas Children's Hospital Center for Vaccine Development; Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Biology; Baylor University; Waco, TX, USA
| | - Maria Elena Bottazzi
- Departments of Pediatrics and Molecular Virology and Microbiology; National School of Tropical Medicine; Baylor College of Medicine; Houston, TX, USA
- Sabin Vaccine Institute and Texas Children's Hospital Center for Vaccine Development; Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Biology; Baylor University; Waco, TX, USA
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7
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Shamloul M, Trusa J, Mett V, Yusibov V. Optimization and utilization of Agrobacterium-mediated transient protein production in Nicotiana. J Vis Exp 2014:51204. [PMID: 24796351 PMCID: PMC4174718 DOI: 10.3791/51204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Agrobacterium-mediated transient protein production in plants is a promising approach to produce vaccine antigens and therapeutic proteins within a short period of time. However, this technology is only just beginning to be applied to large-scale production as many technological obstacles to scale up are now being overcome. Here, we demonstrate a simple and reproducible method for industrial-scale transient protein production based on vacuum infiltration of Nicotiana plants with Agrobacteria carrying launch vectors. Optimization of Agrobacterium cultivation in AB medium allows direct dilution of the bacterial culture in Milli-Q water, simplifying the infiltration process. Among three tested species of Nicotiana, N. excelsiana (N. benthamiana × N. excelsior) was selected as the most promising host due to the ease of infiltration, high level of reporter protein production, and about two-fold higher biomass production under controlled environmental conditions. Induction of Agrobacterium harboring pBID4-GFP (Tobacco mosaic virus-based) using chemicals such as acetosyringone and monosaccharide had no effect on the protein production level. Infiltrating plant under 50 to 100 mbar for 30 or 60 sec resulted in about 95% infiltration of plant leaf tissues. Infiltration with Agrobacterium laboratory strain GV3101 showed the highest protein production compared to Agrobacteria laboratory strains LBA4404 and C58C1 and wild-type Agrobacteria strains at6, at10, at77 and A4. Co-expression of a viral RNA silencing suppressor, p23 or p19, in N. benthamiana resulted in earlier accumulation and increased production (15-25%) of target protein (influenza virus hemagglutinin).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jason Trusa
- Fraunhofer USA Center for Molecular Biotechnology
| | - Vadim Mett
- Fraunhofer USA Center for Molecular Biotechnology
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8
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Jones RM, Chichester JA, Mett V, Jaje J, Tottey S, Manceva S, Casta LJ, Gibbs SK, Musiychuk K, Shamloul M, Norikane J, Mett V, Streatfield SJ, van de Vegte-Bolmer M, Roeffen W, Sauerwein RW, Yusibov V. A plant-produced Pfs25 VLP malaria vaccine candidate induces persistent transmission blocking antibodies against Plasmodium falciparum in immunized mice. PLoS One 2013; 8:e79538. [PMID: 24260245 PMCID: PMC3832600 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0079538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2013] [Accepted: 09/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Malaria transmission blocking vaccines (TBVs) are considered an effective means to control and eventually eliminate malaria. The Pfs25 protein, expressed predominantly on the surface of the sexual and sporogonic stages of Plasmodium falciparum including gametes, zygotes and ookinetes, is one of the primary targets for TBV. It has been demonstrated that plants are an effective, highly scalable system for the production of recombinant proteins, including virus-like particles (VLPs). We engineered VLPs (Pfs25-CP VLP) comprising Pfs25 fused to the Alfalfa mosaic virus coat protein (CP) and produced these non-enveloped hybrid VLPs in Nicotiana benthamiana plants using a Tobacco mosaic virus-based ‘launch’ vector. Purified Pfs25-CP VLPs were highly consistent in size (19.3±2.4 nm in diameter) with an estimated 20–30% incorporation of Pfs25 onto the VLP surface. Immunization of mice with one or two doses of Pfs25-CP VLPs plus Alhydrogel® induced serum antibodies with complete transmission blocking activity through the 6 month study period. These results support the evaluation of Pfs25-CP VLP as a potential TBV candidate and the feasibility of the ‘launch’ vector technology for the production of VLP-based recombinant vaccines against infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Mark Jones
- Fraunhofer USA Center for Molecular Biotechnology, Newark, Delaware, United States of America
| | - Jessica A. Chichester
- Fraunhofer USA Center for Molecular Biotechnology, Newark, Delaware, United States of America
| | - Vadim Mett
- Fraunhofer USA Center for Molecular Biotechnology, Newark, Delaware, United States of America
| | - Jennifer Jaje
- Fraunhofer USA Center for Molecular Biotechnology, Newark, Delaware, United States of America
| | - Stephen Tottey
- Fraunhofer USA Center for Molecular Biotechnology, Newark, Delaware, United States of America
| | - Slobodanka Manceva
- Fraunhofer USA Center for Molecular Biotechnology, Newark, Delaware, United States of America
| | - Louis J. Casta
- Fraunhofer USA Center for Molecular Biotechnology, Newark, Delaware, United States of America
| | - Sandra K. Gibbs
- Fraunhofer USA Center for Molecular Biotechnology, Newark, Delaware, United States of America
| | - Konstantin Musiychuk
- Fraunhofer USA Center for Molecular Biotechnology, Newark, Delaware, United States of America
| | - Moneim Shamloul
- Fraunhofer USA Center for Molecular Biotechnology, Newark, Delaware, United States of America
| | - Joey Norikane
- Fraunhofer USA Center for Molecular Biotechnology, Newark, Delaware, United States of America
| | - Valentina Mett
- Fraunhofer USA Center for Molecular Biotechnology, Newark, Delaware, United States of America
| | - Stephen J. Streatfield
- Fraunhofer USA Center for Molecular Biotechnology, Newark, Delaware, United States of America
| | | | - Will Roeffen
- Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Vidadi Yusibov
- Fraunhofer USA Center for Molecular Biotechnology, Newark, Delaware, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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9
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Musiychuk K, Sivalenka R, Jaje J, Bi H, Flores R, Shaw B, Jones RM, Golovina T, Schnipper J, Khandker L, Sun R, Li C, Kang L, Voskinarian-Berse V, Zhang X, Streatfield S, Hambor J, Abbot S, Yusibov V. Plant-produced human recombinant erythropoietic growth factors support erythroid differentiation in vitro. Stem Cells Dev 2013; 22:2326-40. [PMID: 23517237 PMCID: PMC3730378 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2012.0489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2012] [Accepted: 03/21/2013] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Clinically available red blood cells (RBCs) for transfusions are at high demand, but in vitro generation of RBCs from hematopoietic stem cells requires significant quantities of growth factors. Here, we describe the production of four human growth factors: erythropoietin (EPO), stem cell factor (SCF), interleukin 3 (IL-3), and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), either as non-fused proteins or as fusions with a carrier molecule (lichenase), in plants, using a Tobacco mosaic virus vector-based transient expression system. All growth factors were purified and their identity was confirmed by western blotting and peptide mapping. The potency of these plant-produced cytokines was assessed using TF1 cell (responsive to EPO, IL-3 and SCF) or MCF-7 cell (responsive to IGF-1) proliferation assays. The biological activity estimated here for the cytokines produced in plants was slightly lower or within the range cited in commercial sources and published literature. By comparing EC50 values of plant-produced cytokines with standards, we have demonstrated that all four plant-produced growth factors stimulated the expansion of umbilical cord blood-derived CD34+ cells and their differentiation toward erythropoietic precursors with the same potency as commercially available growth factors. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the generation of all key bioactive cytokines required for the erythroid development in a cost-effective manner using a plant-based expression system.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jennifer Jaje
- Fraunhofer USA Center for Molecular Biotechnology, Newark, Delaware
| | - Hong Bi
- Fraunhofer USA Center for Molecular Biotechnology, Newark, Delaware
| | - Rosemary Flores
- Fraunhofer USA Center for Molecular Biotechnology, Newark, Delaware
| | - Brenden Shaw
- Fraunhofer USA Center for Molecular Biotechnology, Newark, Delaware
| | - R. Mark Jones
- Fraunhofer USA Center for Molecular Biotechnology, Newark, Delaware
| | - Tatiana Golovina
- Fraunhofer USA Center for Molecular Biotechnology, Newark, Delaware
| | | | | | - Ruiqiang Sun
- Celgene Cellular Therapeutics, Warren, New Jersey
| | - Chang Li
- Celgene Cellular Therapeutics, Warren, New Jersey
| | - Lin Kang
- Celgene Cellular Therapeutics, Warren, New Jersey
| | | | | | | | - John Hambor
- Celgene Cellular Therapeutics, Warren, New Jersey
| | | | - Vidadi Yusibov
- Fraunhofer USA Center for Molecular Biotechnology, Newark, Delaware
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10
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Chichester JA, Manceva SD, Rhee A, Coffin MV, Musiychuk K, Mett V, Shamloul M, Norikane J, Streatfield SJ, Yusibov V. A plant-produced protective antigen vaccine confers protection in rabbits against a lethal aerosolized challenge with Bacillus anthracis Ames spores. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2013; 9:544-52. [PMID: 23324615 PMCID: PMC3891710 DOI: 10.4161/hv.23233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2012] [Accepted: 11/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The potential use of Bacillus anthracis as a bioterrorism weapon threatens the security of populations globally, requiring the immediate availability of safe, efficient and easily delivered anthrax vaccine for mass vaccination. Extensive research efforts have been directed toward the development of recombinant subunit vaccines based on protective antigen (PA), the principal virulence factor of B. anthracis. Among the emerging technologies for the production of these vaccine antigens is our launch vector-based plant transient expression system. Using this system, we have successfully engineered, expressed, purified and characterized full-length PA (pp-PA83) in Nicotiana benthamiana plants using agroinfiltration. This plant-produced antigen elicited high toxin neutralizing antibody titers in mice and rabbits after two vaccine administrations with Alhydrogel. In addition, immunization with this vaccine candidate protected 100% of rabbits from a lethal aerosolized B. anthracis challenge. The vaccine effects were dose-dependent and required the presence of Alhydrogel adjuvant. In addition, the vaccine antigen formulated with Alhydrogel was stable and retained immunogenicity after two-week storage at 4°C, the conditions intended for clinical use. These results support the testing of this vaccine candidate in human volunteers and the utility of our plant expression system for the production of a recombinant anthrax vaccine.
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MESH Headings
- Adjuvants, Immunologic/administration & dosage
- Aerosols
- Aluminum Hydroxide/administration & dosage
- Animals
- Anthrax/immunology
- Anthrax/prevention & control
- Anthrax Vaccines/administration & dosage
- Anthrax Vaccines/immunology
- Antibodies, Bacterial/blood
- Antibodies, Neutralizing/blood
- Antigens, Bacterial/administration & dosage
- Antigens, Bacterial/genetics
- Antigens, Bacterial/immunology
- Antigens, Bacterial/isolation & purification
- Bacterial Toxins/administration & dosage
- Bacterial Toxins/genetics
- Bacterial Toxins/immunology
- Bacterial Toxins/isolation & purification
- Disease Models, Animal
- Inhalation Exposure
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Plants, Genetically Modified/genetics
- Rabbits
- Survival Analysis
- Nicotiana/genetics
- Treatment Outcome
- Vaccines, Subunit/administration & dosage
- Vaccines, Subunit/immunology
- Vaccines, Synthetic/administration & dosage
- Vaccines, Synthetic/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Amy Rhee
- Fraunhofer USA Center for Molecular Biotechnology; Newark, DE USA
| | - Megan V. Coffin
- Fraunhofer USA Center for Molecular Biotechnology; Newark, DE USA
| | | | - Vadim Mett
- Fraunhofer USA Center for Molecular Biotechnology; Newark, DE USA
| | - Moneim Shamloul
- Fraunhofer USA Center for Molecular Biotechnology; Newark, DE USA
| | - Joey Norikane
- Fraunhofer USA Center for Molecular Biotechnology; Newark, DE USA
| | | | - Vidadi Yusibov
- Fraunhofer USA Center for Molecular Biotechnology; Newark, DE USA
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11
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Shoji Y, Jones RM, Mett V, Chichester JA, Musiychuk K, Sun X, Tumpey TM, Green BJ, Shamloul M, Norikane J, Bi H, Hartman CE, Bottone C, Stewart M, Streatfield SJ, Yusibov V. A plant-produced H1N1 trimeric hemagglutinin protects mice from a lethal influenza virus challenge. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2013; 9:553-60. [PMID: 23296194 PMCID: PMC3891711 DOI: 10.4161/hv.23234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2012] [Accepted: 12/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The increased worldwide awareness of seasonal and pandemic influenza, including pandemic H1N1 virus, has stimulated interest in the development of economic platforms for rapid, large-scale production of safe and effective subunit vaccines. In recent years, plants have demonstrated their utility as such a platform and have been used to produce vaccine antigens against various infectious diseases. Previously, we have produced in our transient plant expression system a recombinant monomeric hemagglutinin (HA) protein (HAC1) derived from A/California/04/09 (H1N1) strain of influenza virus and demonstrated its immunogenicity and safety in animal models and human volunteers. In the current study, to mimic the authentic HA structure presented on the virus surface and to improve stability and immunogenicity of the HA antigen, we generated trimeric HA by introducing a trimerization motif from a heterologous protein into the HA sequence. Here, we describe the engineering, production in Nicotiana benthamiana plants, and characterization of the highly purified recombinant trimeric HA protein (tHA-BC) from A/California/04/09 (H1N1) strain of influenza virus. The results demonstrate the induction of serum hemagglutination inhibition antibodies by tHA-BC and its protective efficacy in mice against a lethal viral challenge. In addition, the immunogenic and protective doses of tHA-BC were much lower compared with monomeric HAC1. Further investigation into the optimum vaccine dose and/or regimen as well as the stability of trimerized HA is necessary to determine whether trimeric HA is a more potent vaccine antigen than monomeric HA.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibodies, Bacterial/blood
- Disease Models, Animal
- Hemagglutination Inhibition Tests
- Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus/administration & dosage
- Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus/genetics
- Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus/immunology
- Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus/isolation & purification
- Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype/genetics
- Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype/immunology
- Influenza Vaccines/administration & dosage
- Influenza Vaccines/immunology
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Orthomyxoviridae Infections/immunology
- Orthomyxoviridae Infections/prevention & control
- Plants, Genetically Modified/genetics
- Protein Engineering
- Protein Multimerization
- Survival Analysis
- Nicotiana/genetics
- Treatment Outcome
- Vaccines, Subunit/administration & dosage
- Vaccines, Subunit/immunology
- Vaccines, Synthetic/administration & dosage
- Vaccines, Synthetic/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoko Shoji
- Fraunhofer USA Center for Molecular Biotechnology; Newark, DE USA
| | - R. Mark Jones
- Fraunhofer USA Center for Molecular Biotechnology; Newark, DE USA
| | - Vadim Mett
- Fraunhofer USA Center for Molecular Biotechnology; Newark, DE USA
| | | | | | - Xiangjie Sun
- Influenza Division; National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Atlanta, GA USA
| | - Terrence M. Tumpey
- Influenza Division; National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Atlanta, GA USA
| | - Brian J. Green
- Fraunhofer USA Center for Molecular Biotechnology; Newark, DE USA
| | - Moneim Shamloul
- Fraunhofer USA Center for Molecular Biotechnology; Newark, DE USA
| | - Joey Norikane
- Fraunhofer USA Center for Molecular Biotechnology; Newark, DE USA
| | - Hong Bi
- Fraunhofer USA Center for Molecular Biotechnology; Newark, DE USA
| | | | - Cory Bottone
- Fraunhofer USA Center for Molecular Biotechnology; Newark, DE USA
| | - Michelle Stewart
- Fraunhofer USA Center for Molecular Biotechnology; Newark, DE USA
| | | | - Vidadi Yusibov
- Fraunhofer USA Center for Molecular Biotechnology; Newark, DE USA
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12
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Green factory: Plants as bioproduction platforms for recombinant proteins. Biotechnol Adv 2012; 30:1171-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2011.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2011] [Revised: 08/24/2011] [Accepted: 08/30/2011] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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13
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Shoji Y, Farrance CE, Bautista J, Bi H, Musiychuk K, Horsey A, Park H, Jaje J, Green BJ, Shamloul M, Sharma S, Chichester JA, Mett V, Yusibov V. A plant-based system for rapid production of influenza vaccine antigens. Influenza Other Respir Viruses 2012; 6:204-10. [PMID: 21974811 PMCID: PMC4941669 DOI: 10.1111/j.1750-2659.2011.00295.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Influenza virus is a globally important respiratory pathogen that causes a high degree of annual morbidity and mortality. Significant antigenic drift results in emergence of new, potentially pandemic, virus variants. The best prophylactic option for controlling emerging virus strains is to manufacture and administer pandemic vaccines in sufficient quantities and to do so in a timely manner without impacting the regular seasonal influenza vaccine capacity. Current, egg-based, influenza vaccine production is well established and provides an effective product, but has limited capacity and speed. OBJECTIVES To satisfy the additional global demand for emerging influenza vaccines, high-performance cost-effective technologies need to be developed. Plants have a potential as an economic and efficient large-scale production platform for vaccine antigens. METHODS In this study, a plant virus-based transient expression system was used to produce hemagglutinin (HA) proteins from the three vaccine strains used during the 2008-2009 influenza season, A/Brisbane/59/07 (H1N1), A/Brisbane/10/07 (H3N2), and B/Florida/4/06, as well as from the recently emerged novel H1N1 influenza A virus, A/California/04/09. RESULTS The recombinant plant-based HA proteins were engineered and produced in Nicotiana benthamiana plants within 2 months of obtaining the genetic sequences specific to each virus strain. These antigens expressed at the rate of 400-1300 mg/kg of fresh leaf tissue, with >70% solubility. Immunization of mice with these HA antigens induced serum anti-HA IgG and hemagglutination inhibition antibody responses at the levels considered protective against these virus infections. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate the feasibility of our transient plant expression system for the rapid production of influenza vaccine antigens.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibodies, Viral/immunology
- Antigens, Viral/genetics
- Antigens, Viral/immunology
- Gene Expression
- Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus/genetics
- Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus/immunology
- Humans
- Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype/genetics
- Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype/immunology
- Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype/genetics
- Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype/immunology
- Influenza Vaccines/genetics
- Influenza Vaccines/immunology
- Influenza, Human/immunology
- Influenza, Human/prevention & control
- Influenza, Human/virology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Orthomyxoviridae/genetics
- Orthomyxoviridae/immunology
- Nicotiana/genetics
- Nicotiana/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoko Shoji
- Fraunhofer USA Center for Molecular Biotechnology, Newark, DE, USA
| | | | - James Bautista
- Fraunhofer USA Center for Molecular Biotechnology, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Hong Bi
- Fraunhofer USA Center for Molecular Biotechnology, Newark, DE, USA
| | | | - April Horsey
- Fraunhofer USA Center for Molecular Biotechnology, Newark, DE, USA
| | - HeeWoo Park
- Fraunhofer USA Center for Molecular Biotechnology, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Jennifer Jaje
- Fraunhofer USA Center for Molecular Biotechnology, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Brian J. Green
- Fraunhofer USA Center for Molecular Biotechnology, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Moneim Shamloul
- Fraunhofer USA Center for Molecular Biotechnology, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Satish Sharma
- Fraunhofer USA Center for Molecular Biotechnology, Newark, DE, USA
| | | | - Vadim Mett
- Fraunhofer USA Center for Molecular Biotechnology, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Vidadi Yusibov
- Fraunhofer USA Center for Molecular Biotechnology, Newark, DE, USA
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14
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Figueiredo JFL, Römer P, Lahaye T, Graham JH, White FF, Jones JB. Agrobacterium-mediated transient expression in citrus leaves: a rapid tool for gene expression and functional gene assay. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2011; 30:1339-45. [PMID: 21424250 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-011-1045-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2010] [Revised: 02/11/2011] [Accepted: 02/26/2011] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we present a method for transient expression of the type III effector AvrGf1 from Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri strain A(w) in grapefruit leaves (Citrus paradisi) via Agrobacterium tumefaciens. The coding sequence of avrGf1 was placed under the control of the constitutive CaMV 35S promoter in the binary vectors pGWB2 and pGWB5. Infiltration of grapefruit leaves with A. tumefaciens carrying these constructs triggered a hypersensitive response (HR) in grapefruit 4 days after inoculation. When transiently expressed in grapefruit leaves, two mutants, AvrGf1ΔN116 and AvrGf1ΔC83, failed to induce an HR. Moreover, using bioinformatics tools, a chloroplast transit signal was predicted at the N terminus of AvrGf1. We demonstrated chloroplast localization by using an AvrGf1::GFP fusion protein, where confocal images revealed that GFP fluorescence was accumulating in the stomatal cells that are abundant in chloroplasts. Transient expression in citrus has the potential for aiding in the development of new disease defense strategies in citrus.
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15
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A plant-produced Pfs230 vaccine candidate blocks transmission of Plasmodium falciparum. CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY : CVI 2011; 18:1351-7. [PMID: 21715576 DOI: 10.1128/cvi.05105-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Plasmodium falciparum is transmitted to a new host after completing its sexual cycle within a mosquito. Developing vaccines against the parasite sexual stages is a critical component in the fight against malaria. We are targeting multiple proteins of P. falciparum which are found only on the surfaces of the sexual forms of the parasite and where antibodies against these proteins have been shown to block the progression of the parasite's life cycle in the mosquito and thus block transmission to the next human host. We have successfully produced a region of the Pfs230 antigen in our plant-based transient-expression system and evaluated this vaccine candidate in an animal model. This plant-produced protein, 230CMB, is expressed at approximately 800 mg/kg in fresh whole leaf tissue and is 100% soluble. Administration of 230CMB with >90% purity induces strong immune responses in rabbits with high titers of transmission-blocking antibodies, resulting in a greater than 99% reduction in oocyst counts in the presence of complement, as determined by a standard membrane feeding assay. Our data provide a clear perspective on the clinical development of a Pfs230-based transmission-blocking malaria vaccine.
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16
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Fan Y, Li W, Wang J, Liu J, Yang M, Xu D, Zhu X, Wang X. Efficient production of human acidic fibroblast growth factor in pea (Pisum sativum L.) plants by agroinfection of germinated seeds. BMC Biotechnol 2011; 11:45. [PMID: 21548923 PMCID: PMC3112411 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6750-11-45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2010] [Accepted: 05/06/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND For efficient and large scale production of recombinant proteins in plants transient expression by agroinfection has a number of advantages over stable transformation. Simple manipulation, rapid analysis and high expression efficiency are possible. In pea, Pisum sativum, a Virus Induced Gene Silencing System using the pea early browning virus has been converted into an efficient agroinfection system by converting the two RNA genomes of the virus into binary expression vectors for Agrobacterium transformation. RESULTS By vacuum infiltration (0.08 Mpa, 1 min) of germinating pea seeds with 2-3 cm roots with Agrobacteria carrying the binary vectors, expression of the gene for Green Fluorescent Protein as marker and the gene for the human acidic fibroblast growth factor (aFGF) was obtained in 80% of the infiltrated developing seedlings. Maximal production of the recombinant proteins was achieved 12-15 days after infiltration. CONCLUSIONS Compared to the leaf injection method vacuum infiltration of germinated seeds is highly efficient allowing large scale production of plants transiently expressing recombinant proteins. The production cycle of plants for harvesting the recombinant protein was shortened from 30 days for leaf injection to 15 days by applying vacuum infiltration. The synthesized aFGF was purified by heparin-affinity chromatography and its mitogenic activity on NIH 3T3 cells confirmed to be similar to a commercial product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajun Fan
- Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
- Department of Biology, Changchun Normal University, Changchun 130032, China
| | - Wei Li
- Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Junjie Wang
- Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
- Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau Institute of Biodiversity, Qujing Normal University, Qujing 655000, China
| | - Jingying Liu
- Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Meiying Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Duo Xu
- Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Xiaojuan Zhu
- Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Xingzhi Wang
- Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
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17
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Sempere RN, Gómez P, Truniger V, Aranda MA. Development of expression vectors based on pepino mosaic virus. PLANT METHODS 2011; 7:6. [PMID: 21396092 PMCID: PMC3065447 DOI: 10.1186/1746-4811-7-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2011] [Accepted: 03/11/2011] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plant viruses are useful expression vectors because they can mount systemic infections allowing large amounts of recombinant protein to be produced rapidly in differentiated plant tissues. Pepino mosaic virus (PepMV) (genus Potexvirus, family Flexiviridae), a widespread plant virus, is a promising candidate expression vector for plants because of its high level of accumulation in its hosts and the absence of severe infection symptoms. We report here the construction of a stable and efficient expression vector for plants based on PepMV. RESULTS Agroinfectious clones were produced from two different PepMV genotypes (European and Chilean), and these were able to initiate typical PepMV infections. We explored several strategies for vector development including coat protein (CP) replacement, duplication of the CP subgenomic promoter (SGP) and the creation of a fusion protein using the foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) 2A catalytic peptide. We found that CP replacement vectors were unable to move systemically and that vectors with duplicated SGPs (even heterologous SGPs) suffered from significant transgene instability. The fusion protein incorporating the FMDV 2A catalytic peptide gave by far the best results, maintaining stability through serial passages and allowing the accumulation of GFP to 0.2-0.4 g per kg of leaf tissue. The possible use of PepMV as a virus-induced gene silencing vector to study gene function was also demonstrated. Protocols for the use of this vector are described. CONCLUSIONS A stable PepMV vector was generated by expressing the transgene as a CP fusion using the sequence encoding the foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) 2A catalytic peptide to separate them. We have generated a novel tool for the expression of recombinant proteins in plants and for the functional analysis of virus and plant genes. Our experiments have also highlighted virus requirements for replication in single cells as well as intercellular and long-distance movement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel N Sempere
- Departamento de Biología del Estrés y Patología Vegetal, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura (CEBAS)- CSIC, PO Box 164, 30100 Espinardo, Murcia, Spain
- Bioprodin SL, Edificio CEEIM, Campus de Espinardo s/n, 30100 Espinardo, Murcia, Spain
| | - Pedro Gómez
- Departamento de Biología del Estrés y Patología Vegetal, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura (CEBAS)- CSIC, PO Box 164, 30100 Espinardo, Murcia, Spain
- Department of Zoology, Oxford University, Oxford OX1 3PS, UK
| | - Verónica Truniger
- Departamento de Biología del Estrés y Patología Vegetal, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura (CEBAS)- CSIC, PO Box 164, 30100 Espinardo, Murcia, Spain
| | - Miguel A Aranda
- Departamento de Biología del Estrés y Patología Vegetal, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura (CEBAS)- CSIC, PO Box 164, 30100 Espinardo, Murcia, Spain
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18
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Komarova TV, Baschieri S, Donini M, Marusic C, Benvenuto E, Dorokhov YL. Transient expression systems for plant-derived biopharmaceuticals. Expert Rev Vaccines 2010; 9:859-76. [PMID: 20673010 DOI: 10.1586/erv.10.85] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
In the molecular farming area, transient expression approaches for pharmaceutical proteins production, mainly recombinant monoclonal antibodies and vaccines, were developed almost two decades ago and, to date, these systems basically depend on Agrobacterium-mediated delivery and virus expression machinery. We survey here the current state-of-the-art of this research field. Several vectors have been designed on the basis of DNA- and RNA-based plant virus genomes and viral vectors are used both as single- and multicomponent expression systems in different combinations depending on the protein of interest. The obvious advantages of these systems are ease of manipulation, speed, low cost and high yield of proteins. In addition, Agrobacterium-mediated expression also allows the production in plants of complex proteins assembled from subunits. Currently, the transient expression methods are preferential over any other transgenic system for the exploitation of large and unrestricted numbers of plants in a contained environment. By designing optimal constructs and related means of delivery into plant cells, the overall technology plan considers scenarios that envisage high yield of bioproducts and ease in monitoring the whole spectrum of upstream production, before entering good manufacturing practice facilities. In this way, plant-derived bioproducts show promise of high competitiveness towards classical eukaryotic cell factory systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana V Komarova
- N.I. Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Science and A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Moscow State University, Russia
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19
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Roy G, Weisburg S, Rabindran S, Yusibov V. A novel two-component Tobacco mosaic virus-based vector system for high-level expression of multiple therapeutic proteins including a human monoclonal antibody in plants. Virology 2010; 405:93-9. [PMID: 20673747 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2010.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2010] [Revised: 05/12/2010] [Accepted: 05/16/2010] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Expression of multiple therapeutic proteins from Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV)-based vectors was not successful when plants were coinoculated with a mixture of two TMV vectors engineered to express two foreign genes individually. Here, we have engineered and developed a defective RNA (dRNA)-based TMV vector (dRT-V) that utilizes two components of the same virus, with the dRNA component depending on the helper virus for replication. Agrobacterium-mediated coinoculation of Nicotiana benthamiana plants with both components of the dRT-V resulted in high-level expression of a human growth hormone and a lichenase-fused lethal factor protein of Bacillus anthracis. Furthermore, both heavy and light chains were expressed and assembled into a monoclonal antibody (mAb) specific to the protective antigen of B. anthracis, and the average yield of the purified antibody obtained was 120 mg/kg of fresh tissue. Our data suggest that dRT-V has a potential for rapid, cost-effective, large-scale manufacturing of multiple therapeutic proteins including mAbs in response to any biological emergencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gourgopal Roy
- Fraunhofer USA Center for Molecular Biotechnology, Newark, DE, USA.
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20
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Rybicki EP. Plant-made vaccines for humans and animals. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2010; 8:620-37. [PMID: 20233333 PMCID: PMC7167690 DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-7652.2010.00507.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 187] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2009] [Revised: 11/30/2009] [Accepted: 12/02/2009] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
The concept of using plants to produce high-value pharmaceuticals such as vaccines is 20 years old this year and is only now on the brink of realisation as an established technology. The original reliance on transgenic plants has largely given way to transient expression; proofs of concept for human and animal vaccines and of efficacy for animal vaccines have been established; several plant-produced vaccines have been through Phase I clinical trials in humans and more are scheduled; regulatory requirements are more clear than ever, and more facilities exist for manufacture of clinic-grade materials. The original concept of cheap edible vaccines has given way to a realisation that formulated products are required, which may well be injectable. The technology has proven its worth as a means of cheap, easily scalable production of materials: it now needs to find its niche in competition with established technologies. The realised achievements in the field as well as promising new developments will be reviewed, such as rapid-response vaccines for emerging viruses with pandemic potential and bioterror agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward P Rybicki
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, South Africa. ed.rybicki@ uct.ac.za
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21
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Daniell H, Singh ND, Mason H, Streatfield SJ. Plant-made vaccine antigens and biopharmaceuticals. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2009; 14:669-79. [PMID: 19836291 PMCID: PMC2787751 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2009.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 256] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2009] [Revised: 08/30/2009] [Accepted: 09/24/2009] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Plant cells are ideal bioreactors for the production and oral delivery of vaccines and biopharmaceuticals, eliminating the need for expensive fermentation, purification, cold storage, transportation and sterile delivery. Plant-made vaccines have been developed for two decades but none has advanced beyond Phase I. However, two plant-made biopharmaceuticals are now advancing through Phase II and Phase III human clinical trials. In this review, we evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of different plant expression systems (stable nuclear and chloroplast or transient viral) and their current limitations or challenges. We provide suggestions for advancing this valuable concept for clinical applications and conclude that greater research emphasis is needed on large-scale production, purification, functional characterization, oral delivery and preclinical evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry Daniell
- Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, University of Central Florida, College of Medicine, 336 Biomolecular Science Building, Orlando, FL 32816-2364, USA.
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Shoji Y, Bi H, Musiychuk K, Rhee A, Horsey A, Roy G, Green B, Shamloul M, Farrance CE, Taggart B, Mytle N, Ugulava N, Rabindran S, Mett V, Chichester JA, Yusibov V. Plant-derived hemagglutinin protects ferrets against challenge infection with the A/Indonesia/05/05 strain of avian influenza. Vaccine 2009; 27:1087-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2008.11.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2008] [Revised: 11/22/2008] [Accepted: 11/26/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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