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Gerred K, Kapoor A. A fit-for-purpose validation of a commercial radioimmunoassay for measurement of human peripheral oxytocin. Biochem Biophys Rep 2024; 38:101666. [PMID: 38434143 PMCID: PMC10907144 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2024.101666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Oxytocin (OT) is a peptide hormone synthesized in the hypothalamus and released into systemic circulation or other areas of the brain. Its physiological roles include action as a hormone with stimulation of uterine contractions and that as a neuromodulator with involvement in social behaviors and regulation of mood. Its small size and low levels within biological matrices make it challenging to accurately measure. The goal of this study was to demonstrate the specificity of the antibody, sensitivity, and reproducibility of the Phoenix Pharmaceuticals (PP) OT radioimmunoassay (RIA) for use in human urine, serum, and saliva. Specificity of the antibody was assessed by high pressure liquid chromatography with ultraviolet (HPLC-UV) separation and assay of the fractions. Immunoreactivity was evaluated using the percent OT bound, and the fraction retention times were compared to the retention time of an intact OT standard to determine which fractions contained OT in the extracted samples. Reproducibility was assessed by running replicates of pools of each biomatrix over several assays. Sensitivity was assessed by repeated measurement of physiologically relevant low-concentration specimens. In all tested specimens the greatest reactivity in assay corresponded to the same fraction(s) as the OT standard. Only minimal reactivity was found in the other fractions, suggesting that in an unfractionated sample the antibody reacts mostly with intact OT. Reproducibility was acceptable for all specimens and the coefficient of variation (CV) ranged from 3.72 to 8.04% and 5.89-12.8%, for intra and inter-assay, respectively. The limits of quantitation (LOQ) were sufficient for measurement of normal values in urine (0.643 & 1.43 pg/mL), serum (1.90 pg/mL), and saliva pools (0.485 & 4.42 pg/mL). In conclusion, the PP OT RIA is specific and sensitive enough for reproducible measurement of intact OT in human peripheral biological matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keenan Gerred
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1220 Capitol Court, Madison, WI, 53715, USA
| | - Amita Kapoor
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1220 Capitol Court, Madison, WI, 53715, USA
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2
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Ryabinin A, Johnson M, Zweig J, Zhang Y, Nunez L, Ryabinina O, Hibert M. Effects of Oxytocin Receptor Agonism on Acquisition and Expression of Pair Bonding in Male Prairie Voles. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-4351761. [PMID: 38798348 PMCID: PMC11118693 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4351761/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
There is much interest in targeting the activity in the oxytocin system to regulate social bonding. However, studies with exogenous administration of oxytocin face the caveats of its low stability, poor brain permeability and insufficient receptor specificity. The use of a small-molecule oxytocin receptor-specific agonist could overcome these caveats. Prior to testing the potential effects of a brain-penetrant oxytocin receptor agonist in clinical settings, it is important to assess how such an agonist would affect social bonds in animal models. The facultatively monogamous prairie voles ( Microtus ochrogaster ), capable of forming long-term social attachments between adult individuals, are an ideal rodent model for such testing. Therefore, in a series of experiments we investigated the effects of the recently developed oxytocin receptor-specific agonist LIT-001 on the acquisition and expression of partner preference, a well-established model of pair bonding, in prairie voles. LIT-001 (10 mg/kg, intraperitoneal), as expected, facilitated the acquisition of partner preference when administered prior to a 4-hour cohabitation. In contrast, while animals injected with vehicle after the 4-hour cohabitation exhibited significant partner preference, animals that were injected with LIT-001 did not show such partner preference. This result suggests that OXTR activation during expression of pair bonding can inhibit partner preference. The difference in effects of LIT-001 on acquisition versus expression was not due to basal differences in partner preference between the experiments, as LIT-001 had no significant effects on expression of partner preference if administered following a shorter (2 hour-long) cohabitation. Instead, this difference agrees with the hypothesis that the activation of oxytocin receptors acts as a signal of presence of a social partner. Our results indicate that the effects of pharmacological activation of oxytocin receptors crucially depend on the phase of social attachments.
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3
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Maier E, Grinevich V. Social neuroscience: How we learn to avoid the bully. Curr Biol 2024; 34:R320-R322. [PMID: 38653200 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2024.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
During social interactions, individuals evaluate relationships with their peers and switch from approach to avoidance, particularly in response to aggressive encounters. A new study in mice investigated the underlying brain mechanisms and identified oxytocin as a key regulator of social avoidance learning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduard Maier
- Department of Neuropeptide Research in Psychiatry, Central Institute for Mental Health, University of Heidelberg, J5, 68159 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Valery Grinevich
- Department of Neuropeptide Research in Psychiatry, Central Institute for Mental Health, University of Heidelberg, J5, 68159 Mannheim, Germany.
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4
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Inada K. Neurobiological mechanisms underlying oxytocin-mediated parental behavior in rodents. Neurosci Res 2024:S0168-0102(24)00052-X. [PMID: 38642676 DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2024.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
Parental behavior is essential for mammalian offspring to survive. Because of this significance, elucidating the neurobiological mechanisms that facilitate parental behavior has received strong interest. Decades of studies utilizing pharmacology and molecular biology have revealed that in addition to its facilitatory effects on parturition and lactation, oxytocin (OT) promotes the expression of parental behavior in rodents. Recent studies have also described the modulation of sensory processing by OT and the interaction of the OT system with other brain regions associated with parental behavior. However, the precise neurobiological mechanisms underlying the facilitation of caregiving behaviors by OT remain unclear. In this Review, I summarize the findings from rats and mice with a view toward integrating past and recent progress. I then review recent advances in the understanding of the molecular, cellular, and circuit mechanisms of OT-mediated parental behavior. Based on these observations, I propose a hypothetical model that would explain the mechanisms underlying OT-mediated parental behavior. Finally, I conclude by discussing some major remaining questions and propose potential future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kengo Inada
- RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, 2-2-3 Minatojima minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0047, Japan.
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5
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Kuroda KO, Fukumitsu K, Kurachi T, Ohmura N, Shiraishi Y, Yoshihara C. Parental brain through time: The origin and development of the neural circuit of mammalian parenting. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2024; 1534:24-44. [PMID: 38426943 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.15111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
This review consolidates current knowledge on mammalian parental care, focusing on its neural mechanisms, evolutionary origins, and derivatives. Neurobiological studies have identified specific neurons in the medial preoptic area as crucial for parental care. Unexpectedly, these neurons are characterized by the expression of molecules signaling satiety, such as calcitonin receptor and BRS3, and overlap with neurons involved in the reproductive behaviors of males but not females. A synthesis of comparative ecology and paleontology suggests an evolutionary scenario for mammalian parental care, possibly stemming from male-biased guarding of offspring in basal vertebrates. The terrestrial transition of tetrapods led to prolonged egg retention in females and the emergence of amniotes, skewing care toward females. The nocturnal adaptation of Mesozoic mammalian ancestors reinforced maternal care for lactation and thermal regulation via endothermy, potentially introducing metabolic gate control in parenting neurons. The established maternal care may have served as the precursor for paternal and cooperative care in mammals and also fostered the development of group living, which may have further contributed to the emergence of empathy and altruism. These evolution-informed working hypotheses require empirical validation, yet they offer promising avenues to investigate the neural underpinnings of mammalian social behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumi O Kuroda
- RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama, Japan
- School of Life Sciences and Technologies, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kansai Fukumitsu
- RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama, Japan
- Department of Physiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Takuma Kurachi
- RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama, Japan
- Department of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nami Ohmura
- RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama, Japan
- Center for Brain, Mind and Kansei Sciences Research, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yuko Shiraishi
- RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama, Japan
- Kawamura Gakuen Woman's University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Chihiro Yoshihara
- RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama, Japan
- School of Life Sciences and Technologies, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Kanagawa, Japan
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6
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Osakada T, Yan R, Jiang Y, Wei D, Tabuchi R, Dai B, Wang X, Zhao G, Wang CX, Liu JJ, Tsien RW, Mar AC, Lin D. A dedicated hypothalamic oxytocin circuit controls aversive social learning. Nature 2024; 626:347-356. [PMID: 38267576 PMCID: PMC11102773 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06958-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
To survive in a complex social group, one needs to know who to approach and, more importantly, who to avoid. In mice, a single defeat causes the losing mouse to stay away from the winner for weeks1. Here through a series of functional manipulation and recording experiments, we identify oxytocin neurons in the retrochiasmatic supraoptic nucleus (SOROXT) and oxytocin-receptor-expressing cells in the anterior subdivision of the ventromedial hypothalamus, ventrolateral part (aVMHvlOXTR) as a key circuit motif for defeat-induced social avoidance. Before defeat, aVMHvlOXTR cells minimally respond to aggressor cues. During defeat, aVMHvlOXTR cells are highly activated and, with the help of an exclusive oxytocin supply from the SOR, potentiate their responses to aggressor cues. After defeat, strong aggressor-induced aVMHvlOXTR cell activation drives the animal to avoid the aggressor and minimizes future defeat. Our study uncovers a neural process that supports rapid social learning caused by defeat and highlights the importance of the brain oxytocin system in social plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Osakada
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Rongzhen Yan
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yiwen Jiang
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Dongyu Wei
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rina Tabuchi
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Bing Dai
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Xiaohan Wang
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Gavin Zhao
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Clara Xi Wang
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jing-Jing Liu
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Richard W Tsien
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Adam C Mar
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Dayu Lin
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Psychiatry, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
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7
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Tsai SF, Kuo YM. The Role of Central Oxytocin in Autonomic Regulation. CHINESE J PHYSIOL 2024; 67:3-14. [PMID: 38780268 DOI: 10.4103/ejpi.ejpi-d-23-00037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Oxytocin (OXT), a neuropeptide originating from the hypothalamus and traditionally associated with peripheral functions in parturition and lactation, has emerged as a pivotal player in the central regulation of the autonomic nervous system (ANS). This comprehensive ANS, comprising sympathetic, parasympathetic, and enteric components, intricately combines sympathetic and parasympathetic influences to provide unified control. The central oversight of sympathetic and parasympathetic outputs involves a network of interconnected regions spanning the neuroaxis, playing a pivotal role in the real-time regulation of visceral function, homeostasis, and adaptation to challenges. This review unveils the significant involvement of the central OXT system in modulating autonomic functions, shedding light on diverse subpopulations of OXT neurons within the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus and their intricate projections. The narrative progresses from the basics of central ANS regulation to a detailed discussion of the central controls of sympathetic and parasympathetic outflows. The subsequent segment focuses specifically on the central OXT system, providing a foundation for exploring the central role of OXT in ANS regulation. This review synthesizes current knowledge, paving the way for future research endeavors to unravel the full scope of autonomic control and understand multifaceted impact of OXT on physiological outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Feng Tsai
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Min Kuo
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
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8
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Earnhardt-San AL, Baker EC, Riley DG, Ghaffari N, Long CR, Cardoso RC, Randel RD, Welsh TH. Differential Expression of Circadian Clock Genes in the Bovine Neuroendocrine Adrenal System. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:2082. [PMID: 38003025 PMCID: PMC10670998 DOI: 10.3390/genes14112082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Knowledge of circadian rhythm clock gene expression outside the suprachiasmatic nucleus is increasing. The purpose of this study was to determine whether expression of circadian clock genes differed within or among the bovine stress axis tissues (e.g., amygdala, hypothalamus, pituitary, adrenal cortex, and adrenal medulla). Tissues were obtained at an abattoir from eight mature nonpregnant Brahman cows that had been maintained in the same pasture and nutritional conditions. Sample tissues were stored in RNase-free sterile cryovials at -80 °C until the total RNA was extracted, quantified, assessed, and sequenced (NovaSeq 6000 system; paired-end 150 bp cycles). The trimmed reads were then mapped to a Bos taurus (B. taurus) reference genome (Umd3.1). Further analysis used the edgeR package. Raw gene count tables were read into RStudio, and low-expression genes were filtered out using the criteria of three minimum reads per gene in at least five samples. Normalization factors were then calculated using the trimmed mean of M values method to produce normalized gene counts within each sample tissue. The normalized gene counts important for a circadian rhythm were analyzed within and between each tissue of the stress axis using the GLM and CORR procedures of the Statistical Analysis System (SAS). The relative expression profiles of circadian clock genes differed (p < 0.01) within each tissue, with neuronal PAS domain protein 2 (NPAS2) having greater expression in the amygdala (p < 0.01) and period circadian regulator (PER1) having greater expression in all other tissues (p < 0.01). The expression among tissues also differed (p < 0.01) for individual circadian clock genes, with circadian locomotor output cycles protein kaput (CLOCK) expression being greater within the adrenal tissues and nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group D member 1 (NR1D1) expression being greater within the other tissues (p < 0.01). Overall, the results indicate that within each tissue, the various circadian clock genes were differentially expressed, in addition to being differentially expressed among the stress tissues of mature Brahman cows. Future use of these findings may assist in improving livestock husbandry and welfare by understanding interactions of the environment, stress responsiveness, and peripheral circadian rhythms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey L. Earnhardt-San
- Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (A.L.E.-S.); (E.C.B.); (D.G.R.); (R.C.C.)
- Texas A&M AgriLife Research Center, Overton, TX 75684, USA; (C.R.L.); (R.D.R.)
| | - Emilie C. Baker
- Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (A.L.E.-S.); (E.C.B.); (D.G.R.); (R.C.C.)
| | - David G. Riley
- Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (A.L.E.-S.); (E.C.B.); (D.G.R.); (R.C.C.)
| | - Noushin Ghaffari
- Department of Computer Science, Prairie View A&M University, Prairie View, TX 77070, USA;
| | - Charles R. Long
- Texas A&M AgriLife Research Center, Overton, TX 75684, USA; (C.R.L.); (R.D.R.)
| | - Rodolfo C. Cardoso
- Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (A.L.E.-S.); (E.C.B.); (D.G.R.); (R.C.C.)
| | - Ronald D. Randel
- Texas A&M AgriLife Research Center, Overton, TX 75684, USA; (C.R.L.); (R.D.R.)
| | - Thomas H. Welsh
- Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (A.L.E.-S.); (E.C.B.); (D.G.R.); (R.C.C.)
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9
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Gruber T, Lechner F, Murat C, Contreras RE, Sanchez-Quant E, Miok V, Makris K, Le Thuc O, González-García I, García-Clave E, Althammer F, Krabichler Q, DeCamp LM, Jones RG, Lutter D, Williams RH, Pfluger PT, Müller TD, Woods SC, Pospisilik JA, Martinez-Jimenez CP, Tschöp MH, Grinevich V, García-Cáceres C. High-calorie diets uncouple hypothalamic oxytocin neurons from a gut-to-brain satiation pathway via κ-opioid signaling. Cell Rep 2023; 42:113305. [PMID: 37864798 PMCID: PMC10636643 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxytocin-expressing paraventricular hypothalamic neurons (PVNOT neurons) integrate afferent signals from the gut, including cholecystokinin (CCK), to adjust whole-body energy homeostasis. However, the molecular underpinnings by which PVNOT neurons orchestrate gut-to-brain feeding control remain unclear. Here, we show that mice undergoing selective ablation of PVNOT neurons fail to reduce food intake in response to CCK and develop hyperphagic obesity on a chow diet. Notably, exposing wild-type mice to a high-fat/high-sugar (HFHS) diet recapitulates this insensitivity toward CCK, which is linked to diet-induced transcriptional and electrophysiological aberrations specifically in PVNOT neurons. Restoring OT pathways in diet-induced obese (DIO) mice via chemogenetics or polypharmacology sufficiently re-establishes CCK's anorexigenic effects. Last, by single-cell profiling, we identify a specialized PVNOT neuronal subpopulation with increased κ-opioid signaling under an HFHS diet, which restrains their CCK-evoked activation. In sum, we document a (patho)mechanism by which PVNOT signaling uncouples a gut-brain satiation pathway under obesogenic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Gruber
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; Department of Metabolism and Nutritional Programming, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI 49506, USA; Department of Epigenetics, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI 49506, USA.
| | - Franziska Lechner
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Cahuê Murat
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Raian E Contreras
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Eva Sanchez-Quant
- Helmholtz Pioneer Campus (HPC), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Viktorian Miok
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Konstantinos Makris
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; Computational Discovery Research, Institute for Diabetes and Obesity (IDO), Helmholtz Diabetes Center (HDC), Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Ophélia Le Thuc
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Ismael González-García
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Elena García-Clave
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | | | - Quirin Krabichler
- Department of Neuropeptide Research in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Lisa M DeCamp
- Department of Metabolism and Nutritional Programming, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI 49506, USA
| | - Russell G Jones
- Department of Metabolism and Nutritional Programming, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI 49506, USA
| | - Dominik Lutter
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; Computational Discovery Research, Institute for Diabetes and Obesity (IDO), Helmholtz Diabetes Center (HDC), Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Rhiannan H Williams
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute for Neurogenomics, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Paul T Pfluger
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; Research Unit NeuroBiology of Diabetes, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; Neurobiology of Diabetes, TUM School of Medicine, Technical University Munich, 80333 Munich, Germany
| | - Timo D Müller
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapy, Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Eberhard Karls Hospitals and Clinics, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Stephen C Woods
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - John Andrew Pospisilik
- Department of Metabolism and Nutritional Programming, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI 49506, USA; Department of Epigenetics, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI 49506, USA
| | - Celia P Martinez-Jimenez
- Department of Epigenetics, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI 49506, USA; TUM School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Matthias H Tschöp
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; Division of Metabolic Diseases, Department of Medicine, Technische Universität, Munich, Germany
| | - Valery Grinevich
- Department of Neuropeptide Research in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany; Center for Neuroinflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
| | - Cristina García-Cáceres
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 80336 Munich, Germany.
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10
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Qian T, Wang H, Wang P, Geng L, Mei L, Osakada T, Wang L, Tang Y, Kania A, Grinevich V, Stoop R, Lin D, Luo M, Li Y. A genetically encoded sensor measures temporal oxytocin release from different neuronal compartments. Nat Biotechnol 2023; 41:944-957. [PMID: 36593404 DOI: 10.1038/s41587-022-01561-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Oxytocin (OT), a peptide hormone and neuromodulator, is involved in diverse physiological and pathophysiological processes in the central nervous system and the periphery. However, the regulation and functional sequences of spatial OT release in the brain remain poorly understood. We describe a genetically encoded G-protein-coupled receptor activation-based (GRAB) OT sensor called GRABOT1.0. In contrast to previous methods, GRABOT1.0 enables imaging of OT release ex vivo and in vivo with suitable sensitivity, specificity and spatiotemporal resolution. Using this sensor, we visualize stimulation-induced OT release from specific neuronal compartments in mouse brain slices and discover that N-type calcium channels predominantly mediate axonal OT release, whereas L-type calcium channels mediate somatodendritic OT release. We identify differences in the fusion machinery of OT release for axon terminals versus somata and dendrites. Finally, we measure OT dynamics in various brain regions in mice during male courtship behavior. Thus, GRABOT1.0 provides insights into the role of compartmental OT release in physiological and behavioral functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongrui Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Peking University School of Life Sciences, Beijing, China
- PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, China
| | - Huan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Peking University School of Life Sciences, Beijing, China
- PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Medical Center for Human Reproduction, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lan Geng
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Peking University School of Life Sciences, Beijing, China
- PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, China
| | - Long Mei
- Neuroscience Institute, Department of Psychiatry, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Takuya Osakada
- Neuroscience Institute, Department of Psychiatry, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Peking University School of Life Sciences, Beijing, China
- PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, China
- Peking University-Tsinghua University-National Institute of Biological Sciences Joint Graduate Program, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Tang
- Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital Center (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Alan Kania
- Department of Neuropeptide Research in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Valery Grinevich
- Department of Neuropeptide Research in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Ron Stoop
- Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital Center (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Dayu Lin
- Neuroscience Institute, Department of Psychiatry, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Minmin Luo
- National Institute of Biological Sciences (NIBS), Beijing, China
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, China
- Tsinghua Institute of Multidisciplinary Biomedical Research (TIMBR), Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yulong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Peking University School of Life Sciences, Beijing, China.
- PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, China.
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, China.
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China.
- National Biomedical Imaging Center, Peking University, Beijing, China.
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11
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Tunheim EG, Skallevold HE, Rokaya D. Role of hormones in bone remodeling in the craniofacial complex: A review. J Oral Biol Craniofac Res 2023; 13:210-217. [PMID: 36718389 PMCID: PMC9883279 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2023.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Diseases such as periodontitis and osteoporosis are expected to rise tremendously by 2050. Bone formation and remodeling are complex processes that are disturbed in a variety of diseases influenced by various hormones. Objective This study aimed to review and present the roles of various hormones that regulate bone remodeling of the craniofacial complex. Methods A literature search was conducted on PubMed and Google Scholar for studies related to hormones and jawbone. Search strategies included the combinations ("name of hormone" + "dental term") of the following terms: "hormones", "oxytocin", "estrogen", "adiponectin", "parathyroid hormone", "testosterone", "insulin", "angiotensin", "cortisol", and "erythropoietin", combined with a dental term "jaw bone", "alveolar bone", "dental implant", "jaw + bone regeneration, healing or repair", "dentistry", "periodontitis", "dry socket", "osteoporosis" or "alveolitis". The papers were screened according to the inclusion criteria from January 1, 2000 to March 31, 2021 in English. Publications included reviews, book chapters, and original research papers; in vitro studies, in vivo animal, or human studies, including clinical studies, and meta-analyses. Results Bone formation and remodeling is a complex continuous process involving many hormones. Bone volume reduction following tooth extractions and bone diseases, such as periodontitis and osteoporosis, cause serious problems and require a great understanding of the process. Conclusion Hormones are with us all the time, shape our development and regulate homeostasis. Newly discovered effects of hormones influencing bone healing open the possibilities of using hormones as therapeutics to combat bone-related diseases.
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Key Words
- ACE, Angiotensin-converting enzyme
- ACE2/Ang-(1-7)/MasR, ACE 2/angiotensin-(1-7)/mas receptor
- AD, Androgens
- AGEs, Advanced glycation end-products
- AN, Adiponectin
- Bone formation
- Bone homeostasis
- Bone regeneration
- Bone resportion
- DHT, Dihydrotestosterone
- DIZE, Diminazene aceturate
- DM, Diabetes mellitus
- EPO, Erythropoietin
- ER, Estrogen receptors
- ERα, ER alpha
- ERβ, ER beta
- ES, Estrogen
- GPER1, G-protein coupled estrogen receptor 1
- HIF-PHIs, Hypoxia inducible factor-prolyl hydroxylase inhibitors
- Hormones
- IGF-1, Insulin-like growth factor-1
- Jawbone
- MAPK, Mitogen-activated protein kinase
- OT, Oxytocin
- PTH, Parathyroid hormone
- RAGEs, Receptor advanced glycation end-products
- RANKL, Receptor activator of NF-κB ligand
- RAS, Renin-angiotensin system
- VEGF, Vascular endothelial growth factor
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin Grinde Tunheim
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, UIT the Arctic University of Norway, 9037, Tromsö, Norway
| | - Hans Erling Skallevold
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Dinesh Rokaya
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, Walailak University International College of Dentistry, Walailak University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
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12
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Ugartemendia L, De Guzman RM, Cai J, Rajamanickam S, Jiang Z, Tao J, Zuloaga DG, Justice NJ. A subpopulation of oxytocin neurons initiate expression of CRF receptor 1 (CRFR1) in females post parturition. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2022; 145:105918. [PMID: 36116320 PMCID: PMC9881188 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2022.105918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Oxytocin (OT) is essential for successful reproduction, particularly during parturition and lactation. During the postpartum period, OT also influences maternal behavior to promote bonding between mothers and their newborns, and increases stress resilience. However, the mechanism by which stress influences OT neuron activity and OT release has remained unclear. Here, we provide evidence that a subpopulation of OT neurons initiate expression of the receptor for the stress neuropeptide Corticotropin Releasing Factor (CRF), CRFR1, in reproductive females. OT neuron expression of CRFR1 begins at the first parturition and increases during the postpartum period until weaning. The percentage of OT neurons that express CRFR1 increases with successive breeding cycles until it reaches a plateau of 20-25% of OT neurons. OT neuron expression of CRFR1 in reproductive females is maintained after they are no longer actively breeding. CRFR1 expression leads to activation of OT neurons when animals are stressed. We propose a model in which direct CRF signaling to OT neurons selectively in reproductive females potentiates OT release to promote stress resilience in mothers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lierni Ugartemendia
- Center for Metabolic and Degenerative Diseases, Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Sciences Center, Houston, TX 77030, United States
| | - Rose M De Guzman
- Department of Psychology, University at Albany, Albany, NY 12222, United States
| | - Jing Cai
- Center for Metabolic and Degenerative Diseases, Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Sciences Center, Houston, TX 77030, United States
| | - Shivakumar Rajamanickam
- Center for Metabolic and Degenerative Diseases, Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Sciences Center, Houston, TX 77030, United States
| | - Zhiying Jiang
- Center for Metabolic and Degenerative Diseases, Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Sciences Center, Houston, TX 77030, United States
| | - Jonathan Tao
- Center for Metabolic and Degenerative Diseases, Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Sciences Center, Houston, TX 77030, United States
| | - Damian G Zuloaga
- Department of Psychology, University at Albany, Albany, NY 12222, United States.
| | - Nicholas J Justice
- Center for Metabolic and Degenerative Diseases, Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Sciences Center, Houston, TX 77030, United States.
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13
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Pekarek BT, Kochukov M, Lozzi B, Wu T, Hunt PJ, Tepe B, Hanson Moss E, Tantry EK, Swanson JL, Dooling SW, Patel M, Belfort BDW, Romero JM, Bao S, Hill MC, Arenkiel BR. Oxytocin signaling is necessary for synaptic maturation of adult-born neurons. Genes Dev 2022; 36:1100-1118. [PMID: 36617877 PMCID: PMC9851403 DOI: 10.1101/gad.349930.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Neural circuit plasticity and sensory response dynamics depend on forming new synaptic connections. Despite recent advances toward understanding the consequences of circuit plasticity, the mechanisms driving circuit plasticity are unknown. Adult-born neurons within the olfactory bulb have proven to be a powerful model for studying circuit plasticity, providing a broad and accessible avenue into neuron development, migration, and circuit integration. We and others have shown that efficient adult-born neuron circuit integration hinges on presynaptic activity in the form of diverse signaling peptides. Here, we demonstrate a novel oxytocin-dependent mechanism of adult-born neuron synaptic maturation and circuit integration. We reveal spatial and temporal enrichment of oxytocin receptor expression within adult-born neurons in the murine olfactory bulb, with oxytocin receptor expression peaking during activity-dependent integration. Using viral labeling, confocal microscopy, and cell type-specific RNA-seq, we demonstrate that oxytocin receptor signaling promotes synaptic maturation of newly integrating adult-born neurons by regulating their morphological development and expression of mature synaptic AMPARs and other structural proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon T Pekarek
- Genetics and Genomics Graduate Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Mikhail Kochukov
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Brittney Lozzi
- Genetics and Genomics Graduate Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Timothy Wu
- Genetics and Genomics Graduate Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Patrick J Hunt
- Genetics and Genomics Graduate Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Burak Tepe
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Elizabeth Hanson Moss
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Evelyne K Tantry
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Jessica L Swanson
- Genetics and Genomics Graduate Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Sean W Dooling
- Genetics and Genomics Graduate Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Mayuri Patel
- Development, Disease Models, and Therapeutics Graduate Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Benjamin D W Belfort
- Genetics and Genomics Graduate Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Juan M Romero
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Suyang Bao
- Development, Disease Models, and Therapeutics Graduate Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Matthew C Hill
- Development, Disease Models, and Therapeutics Graduate Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Benjamin R Arenkiel
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
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14
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Grassi D, Marraudino M, Garcia-Segura LM, Panzica GC. The hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus as a central hub for the estrogenic modulation of neuroendocrine function and behavior. Front Neuroendocrinol 2022; 65:100974. [PMID: 34995643 DOI: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2021.100974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Estradiol and hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) help coordinate reproduction with body physiology, growth and metabolism. PVN integrates hormonal and neural signals originating in the periphery, generating an output mediated both by its long-distance neuronal projections, and by a variety of neurohormones produced by its magnocellular and parvocellular neurosecretory cells. Here we review the cyto-and chemo-architecture, the connectivity and function of PVN and the sex-specific regulation exerted by estradiol on PVN neurons and on the expression of neurotransmitters, neuromodulators, neuropeptides and neurohormones in PVN. Classical and non-classical estrogen receptors (ERs) are expressed in neuronal afferents to PVN and in specific PVN interneurons, projecting neurons, neurosecretory neurons and glial cells that are involved in the input-output integration and coordination of neurohormonal signals. Indeed, PVN ERs are known to modulate body homeostatic processes such as autonomic functions, stress response, reproduction, and metabolic control. Finally, the functional implications of the estrogenic modulation of the PVN for body homeostasis are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Grassi
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Neuroscience, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Marraudino
- Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi (NICO), Orbassano, Torino, Italy
| | - L M Garcia-Segura
- Instituto Cajal, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - G C Panzica
- Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi (NICO), Orbassano, Torino, Italy; Department of Neuroscience Rita Levi Montalcini, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.
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15
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Aspesi D, Choleris E. Neuroendocrine underpinning of social recognition in males and females. J Neuroendocrinol 2022; 34:e13070. [PMID: 34927288 DOI: 10.1111/jne.13070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Social recognition is an essential skill for the expression of appropriate behaviors towards conspecifics in most social species. Several studies point to oxytocin (OT) and arginine vasopressin (AVP) as key mediators of social recognition in males and females. However, sex differences in social cognitive behaviors highlight an important interplay between OT, AVP and the sex steroids. Estrogens facilitate social recognition by regulating OT action in the hypothalamus and that of OT receptor in the medial amygdala. The role of OT in these brain regions appears to be essential for social recognition in both males and females. Conversely, social recognition in male rats and mice is more dependent on AVP release in the lateral septum than in females. The AVP system comprises a series of highly sexually dimorphic brain nuclei, including the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, the amygdala and the lateral septum. Various studies suggest that testosterone and its metabolites, including estradiol, influence social recognition in males by modulating the activity of the AVP at V1a receptor. Intriguingly, both estrogens and androgens can affect social recognition very rapidly, through non-genomic mechanisms. In addition, the androgen metabolites, namely 3α-diol and 3β-diol, may also have an impact on social behaviors either by interacting with the estrogen receptors or through other mechanisms. Overall, the regulation of OT and AVP by sex steroids fine tunes social recognition and the behaviors that depend upon it (e.g., social bond, hierarchical organization, aggression) in a sex-dependent manner. Elucidating the sex-dependent interaction between sex steroids and neuroendocrine systems is essential for understanding sex differences in the normal and abnormal expression of social behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dario Aspesi
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience Program, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Elena Choleris
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience Program, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
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16
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Soumier A, Habart M, Lio G, Demily C, Sirigu A. Differential fate between oxytocin and vasopressin cells in the developing mouse brain. iScience 2022; 25:103655. [PMID: 35028535 PMCID: PMC8741612 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.103655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxytocin (OXT) and arginine vasopressin (AVP), two neuropeptides involved in socio-emotional behaviors have been anatomically defined in the adult brain. Yet their spatial organization during postnatal development is not clearly defined. We built a developmental atlas using 3D imaging of cleared immunolabeled tissue over four early postnatal (P) stages, from birth (P0, P3, P7, P14) to young adulthood (≥P56). Our atlas-based mapping revealed that the number of OXT neurons doubles according to unique temporal dynamics in selective hypothalamic regions, namely, the periventricular and paraventricular nuclei, and in a novel location we named the antero-lateral preoptic. In the paraventricular nucleus, single-cell densities and fluorescence analysis demonstrated selective expansion of OXT cells in the antero-ventral division, whereas the postero-dorsal division contained cells present at birth. No changes were observed for AVP neurons. Our findings show the coexisting of innate and plastic OXT/AVP brain circuits probably triggered by environmental adaptation of the social brain. The OXT system continues to mature during early development but not the AVP system OXT hypothalamic nuclei emerge at different rates after birth PVN cells gradually acquire an oxytocinergic phenotype OXT cells are organized into innate and adaptive neural networks
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Affiliation(s)
- Amelie Soumier
- iMIND, Center of Excellence for Autism, le Vinatier Hospital, Bron, France.,Institute of Cognitive Science Marc Jeannerod, CNRS, Bron, France
| | - Marie Habart
- iMIND, Center of Excellence for Autism, le Vinatier Hospital, Bron, France.,Institute of Cognitive Science Marc Jeannerod, CNRS, Bron, France
| | - Guillaume Lio
- iMIND, Center of Excellence for Autism, le Vinatier Hospital, Bron, France.,Institute of Cognitive Science Marc Jeannerod, CNRS, Bron, France
| | - Caroline Demily
- iMIND, Center of Excellence for Autism, le Vinatier Hospital, Bron, France.,Institute of Cognitive Science Marc Jeannerod, CNRS, Bron, France
| | - Angela Sirigu
- iMIND, Center of Excellence for Autism, le Vinatier Hospital, Bron, France.,Institute of Cognitive Science Marc Jeannerod, CNRS, Bron, France
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17
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Leptin enhances social motivation and reverses chronic unpredictable stress-induced social anhedonia during adolescence. Mol Psychiatry 2022; 27:4948-4958. [PMID: 36138127 PMCID: PMC9763124 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-022-01778-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Social anhedonia, a loss of interest and pleasure in social interactions, is a common symptom of major depression as well as other psychiatric disorders. Depression can occur at any age, but typically emerges in adolescence or early adulthood, which represents a sensitive period for social interaction that is vulnerable to stress. In this study, we evaluated social interaction reward using a conditioned place preference (CPP) paradigm in adolescent male and female mice. Adolescent mice of both sexes exhibited a preference for the social interaction-associated context. Chronic unpredictable stress (CUS) impaired the development of CPP for social interaction, mimicking social anhedonia in depressed adolescents. Conversely, administration of leptin, an adipocyte-derived hormone, enhanced social interaction-induced CPP in non-stressed control mice and reversed social anhedonia in CUS mice. By dissecting the motivational processes of social CPP into social approach and isolation avoidance components, we demonstrated that leptin treatment increased isolation aversion without overt social reward effect. Further mechanistic exploration revealed that leptin stimulated oxytocin gene transcription in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus, while oxytocin receptor blockade abolished the leptin-induced enhancement of socially-induced CPP. These results establish that chronic unpredictable stress can be used to study social anhedonia in adolescent mice and provide evidence that leptin modulates social motivation possibly via increasing oxytocin synthesis and oxytocin receptor activation.
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18
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Reilly MP, Kunkel MN, Thompson LM, Zentay A, Weeks CD, Crews D, Cormack LK, Gore AC. Effects of endocrine-disrupting chemicals on hypothalamic oxytocin and vasopressin systems. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL ZOOLOGY. PART A, ECOLOGICAL AND INTEGRATIVE PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 337:75-87. [PMID: 34018699 PMCID: PMC8606018 DOI: 10.1002/jez.2475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Exposures to endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) perturb hormonal systems. EDCs are particularly problematic when exposure happens in the fetus and infant due to the high sensitivity of developing organisms to hormone actions. Previous work has shown that prenatal polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) exposure disrupts hypothalamic development, reproductive physiology, mate preference behavior, and social behaviors in a sexually dimorphic manner. Based on evidence that EDCs perturb social behaviors in rodents, we examined effects of PCBs on the neuropeptides oxytocin (OXT) and vasopressin (AVP) that are involved in regulating these behaviors. Rats were exposed prenatally (gestational days 16 and 18) to the weakly estrogenic PCB mixture Aroclor 1221 (0.5 or 1 mg/kg), to estradiol benzoate (EB, a positive control), or to the vehicle (3% dimethyl sulfoxide). In adult (~P90) brains, we counted immunolabeled oxytocin and vasopressin cell numbers in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) and supraoptic nucleus (SON) of the hypothalamus. EDCs did not change absolute numbers of oxytocin or vasopressin cells in either region, although there were some modest shifts in the rostral-caudal distribution. Second, expression of genes for these nonapeptides (Oxt, Avp), their receptors (Oxtr, Avpr1a), and the estrogen receptor beta (Esr2), was determined by qPCR. In the PVN, there were dose-dependent effects of PCBs in males (Oxt, Oxtr), and effects of EB in females (Avp, Esr2). In the SON, Oxt, and Esr2 were affected by treatments in males. These changes to protein and gene expression caused by prenatal treatments suggest that transcriptional and posttranscriptional mechanisms play roles in mediating how EDCs reprogram hypothalamic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael P. Reilly
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712
| | - M. Nicole Kunkel
- Department of Psychology The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712
| | - Lindsay M. Thompson
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712
| | - Andrew Zentay
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712
| | - Connor D. Weeks
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712
| | - David Crews
- Department of Psychology The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712,Department of Integrative Biology The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712
| | - Lawrence K. Cormack
- Department of Psychology The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712,Institute for Neuroscience; The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712
| | - Andrea C. Gore
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712,Department of Psychology The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712,Institute for Neuroscience; The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712,Corresponding author: Andrea C. Gore, PhD, , University of Texas at Austin Telephone: 512-471-3669, 107 W. Dean Keeton, C0875 Fax: 512-471-5002, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
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19
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Oxytocin Facilitates Allomaternal Behavior under Stress in Laboratory Mice. eNeuro 2022; 9:ENEURO.0405-21.2022. [PMID: 35017259 PMCID: PMC8868028 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0405-21.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxytocin (Oxt) controls reproductive physiology and various kinds of social behaviors, but the exact contribution of Oxt to different components of parental care still needs to be determined. Here, we illustrate the neuroanatomical relations of the parental nurturing-induced neuronal activation with magnocellular Oxt neurons and fibers in the medial preoptic area (MPOA), the brain region critical for parental and alloparental behaviors. We used genetically-targeted mouse lines for Oxt, Oxt receptor (Oxtr), vasopressin receptor 1a (Avpr1a), vasopressin receptor 1b (Avpr1b), and thyrotropin-releasing hormone (Trh) to systematically examine the role of Oxt-related signaling in pup-directed behaviors. The Oxtr-Avpr1a-Avpr1b triple knock-out (TKO), and Oxt-Trh-Avpr1a-Avpr1b quadruple KO (QKO) mice were grossly healthy and fertile, except for their complete deficiency in milk ejection and modest deficiency in parturition secondary to maternal loss of the Oxt or Oxtr gene. In our minimal stress conditions, pup-directed behaviors in TKO and QKO mothers and fathers, virgin females and males were essentially indistinguishable from those of their littermates with other genotypes. However, Oxtr KO virgin females did show decreased pup retrieval in the pup-exposure assay performed right after restraint stress. This stress vulnerability in the Oxtr KO was abolished by the additional Avpr1b KO. The general stress sensitivity, as measured by plasma cortisol elevation after restraint stress or by the behavioral performance in the open field (OF) and elevated plus maze (EPM), were not altered in the Oxtr KO but were reduced in the Avpr1b KO females, indicating that the balance of neurohypophysial hormones affects the outcome of pup-directed behaviors.
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20
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Leng G, Leng RI. Oxytocin: A citation network analysis of 10 000 papers. J Neuroendocrinol 2021; 33:e13014. [PMID: 34328668 DOI: 10.1111/jne.13014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Our understanding of the oxytocin system has been built over the last 70 years by the work of hundreds of scientists, reported in thousands of papers. Here, we construct a map to that literature, using citation network analysis in conjunction with bibliometrics. The map identifies ten major 'clusters' of papers on oxytocin that differ in their particular research focus and that densely cite papers from the same cluster. We identify highly cited papers within each cluster and in each decade, not because citations are a good indicator of quality, but as a guide to recognising what questions were of wide interest at particular times. The clusters differ in their temporal profiles and bibliometric features; here, we attempt to understand the origins of these differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gareth Leng
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Rhodri I Leng
- Department of Science, Technology and Innovation Studies, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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21
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Gumbel JH, Yang CB, Hubscher CH. Timeline of Changes in Biomarkers Associated with Spinal Cord Injury-Induced Polyuria. Neurotrauma Rep 2021; 2:462-475. [PMID: 34901942 PMCID: PMC8655813 DOI: 10.1089/neur.2021.0046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Deficits in upper and lower urinary tract function, which include detrusor overactivity, urinary incontinence, detrusor-sphincter dyssynergia, and polyuria, are among the leading issues that arise after spinal cord injury (SCI) affecting quality of life. Given that overproduction of urine (polyuria) has been shown to be associated with an imbalance in key regulators of body fluid homeostasis, the current study examined the timing of changes in levels of various relevant hormones, peptides, receptors, and channels post-contusion injury in adult male Wistar rats. The results show significant up- or downregulation at various time points, beginning at 7 days post-injury, in levels of urinary atrial natriuretic peptide, serum arginine vasopressin (AVP), kidney natriuretic peptide receptor-A, kidney vasopressin-2 receptor, kidney aquaporin-2 channels, and kidney epithelial sodium channels (β- and γ-, but not α-, subunits). The number of AVP-labeled neurons in the hypothalamus (supraoptic and -chiasmatic, but not paraventricular, nuclei) was also significantly altered at one or more time points. These data show significant fluctuations in key biomarkers involved in body fluid homeostasis during the post-SCI secondary injury phase, suggesting that therapeutic interventions (e.g., desmopressin, a synthetic analogue of AVP) should be considered early post-SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason H. Gumbel
- Department of Anatomical Sciences and Neurobiology, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Cui Bo Yang
- Department of Anatomical Sciences and Neurobiology, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Charles H. Hubscher
- Department of Anatomical Sciences and Neurobiology, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
- Kentucky Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
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22
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Kiss A, Osacka J. The effect of amisulpride, olanzapine, quetiapine, and aripiprazole single administration on c-Fos expression in vasopressinergic and oxytocinergic neurons of the rat hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus. Neuropeptides 2021; 87:102148. [PMID: 33887540 DOI: 10.1016/j.npep.2021.102148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Antipsychotics, including amisulpride (AMI), quetiapine (QUE), aripiprazole (ARI), and olanzapine (OLA), are used to treat mental illnesses associated with psychotic symptoms. The effect of these drugs on c-Fos expression in vasopressinergic (AVP) and oxytocinergic (OXY) neurons was studied in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of rats. The presence of c-Fos in AVP and OXY perikarya was investigated in seven PVN cells segregations: the anterior (Ant), dorsal cup (Dc), wing-shaped (Wi), periventricular zone (Pe), circle-shaped core (Co) and shell of core (Sh), and the posterior (pPVN) after an acute treatment with AMI-20 mg/kg, QUE-15 mg/kg, ARI-10 mg/kg, and OLA-5 mg/kg/bw in rats. Ninety min after treatments, the animals were sacrificed by transcardial perfusion with fixative and the PVN area sliced into 35 μm thick coronal sections for immunohistochemistry. The c-Fos was processed by avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex intensified with nickel-enhanced 3,3'-diaminobenzidine tetrahydrochloride. Visualization of AVP- and OXY-synthesizing neurons was achieved by a fluorescent marker Alexa Flour 568. The c-Fos-AVP and c-Fos-OXY colocalizations were evaluated from c-Fos stained sections merged with AVP or OXY ones. AMI, QUE, ARI, and OLA, single administration distinctly increased the c-Fos expression in each of the PVN cells segregations. QUE induced the highest magnitude of activation of AVP and OXY neurons, while OLA and AMI had only moderate effects. Incontestable variabilities detected in c-Fos expression in PVN AVP and OXY neurons extend the knowledge of selected antipsychotics extra-striatal actions and may also be helpful in a presumption of their possible functional impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Kiss
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska Cesta 9, 84505 Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - Jana Osacka
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska Cesta 9, 84505 Bratislava, Slovakia
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23
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Yoshihara C, Tokita K, Maruyama T, Kaneko M, Tsuneoka Y, Fukumitsu K, Miyazawa E, Shinozuka K, Huang AJ, Nishimori K, McHugh TJ, Tanaka M, Itohara S, Touhara K, Miyamichi K, Kuroda KO. Calcitonin receptor signaling in the medial preoptic area enables risk-taking maternal care. Cell Rep 2021; 35:109204. [PMID: 34077719 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Maternal mammals exhibit heightened motivation to care for offspring, but the underlying neuromolecular mechanisms have yet to be clarified. Here, we report that the calcitonin receptor (Calcr) and its ligand amylin are expressed in distinct neuronal populations in the medial preoptic area (MPOA) and are upregulated in mothers. Calcr+ MPOA neurons activated by parental care project to somatomotor and monoaminergic brainstem nuclei. Retrograde monosynaptic tracing reveals that significant modification of afferents to Calcr+ neurons occurs in mothers. Knockdown of either Calcr or amylin gene expression hampers risk-taking maternal care, and specific silencing of Calcr+ MPOA neurons inhibits nurturing behaviors, while pharmacogenetic activation prevents infanticide in virgin males. These data indicate that Calcr+ MPOA neurons are required for both maternal and allomaternal nurturing behaviors and that upregulation of amylin-Calcr signaling in the MPOA at least partially mediates risk-taking maternal care, possibly via modified connectomics of Calcr+ neurons postpartum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chihiro Yoshihara
- Laboratory for Affiliative Social Behavior, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Kenichi Tokita
- Laboratory for Affiliative Social Behavior, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama 351-0198, Japan; The Institute of Natural Sciences, Senshu University, Tokyo 101-8425, Japan
| | - Teppo Maruyama
- Laboratory for Affiliative Social Behavior, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama 351-0198, Japan; Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Applied Life Science, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Musashino, Tokyo 180-8602, Japan
| | - Misato Kaneko
- Laboratory for Affiliative Social Behavior, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama 351-0198, Japan; Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Applied Life Science, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Musashino, Tokyo 180-8602, Japan
| | - Yousuke Tsuneoka
- Laboratory for Affiliative Social Behavior, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama 351-0198, Japan; Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Toho University, Tokyo 143-8540, Japan
| | - Kansai Fukumitsu
- Laboratory for Affiliative Social Behavior, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Eri Miyazawa
- Laboratory for Affiliative Social Behavior, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Kazutaka Shinozuka
- Laboratory for Affiliative Social Behavior, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Arthur J Huang
- Laboratory for Circuit and Behavioral Physiology, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Katsuhiko Nishimori
- Department of Obesity and Internal Inflammation, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan
| | - Thomas J McHugh
- Laboratory for Circuit and Behavioral Physiology, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Minoru Tanaka
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Applied Life Science, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Musashino, Tokyo 180-8602, Japan
| | - Shigeyoshi Itohara
- Laboratory for Behavioral Genetics, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Kazushige Touhara
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan; ERATO Touhara Chemosensory Signal Project, Japan Science and Technology Agency, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan; International Research Center for Neurointelligence (WPI-IRCN), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Kazunari Miyamichi
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan; International Research Center for Neurointelligence (WPI-IRCN), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan; Laboratory for Comparative Connectomics, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Hyogo 650-0047, Japan
| | - Kumi O Kuroda
- Laboratory for Affiliative Social Behavior, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama 351-0198, Japan.
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24
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Hoffiz YC, Castillo-Ruiz A, Hall MAL, Hite TA, Gray JM, Cisternas CD, Cortes LR, Jacobs AJ, Forger NG. Birth elicits a conserved neuroendocrine response with implications for perinatal osmoregulation and neuronal cell death. Sci Rep 2021; 11:2335. [PMID: 33504846 PMCID: PMC7840942 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-81511-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Long-standing clinical findings report a dramatic surge of vasopressin in umbilical cord blood of the human neonate, but the neural underpinnings and function(s) of this phenomenon remain obscure. We studied neural activation in perinatal mice and rats, and found that birth triggers activation of the suprachiasmatic, supraoptic, and paraventricular nuclei of the hypothalamus. This was seen whether mice were born vaginally or via Cesarean section (C-section), and when birth timing was experimentally manipulated. Neuronal phenotyping showed that the activated neurons were predominantly vasopressinergic, and vasopressin mRNA increased fivefold in the hypothalamus during the 2–3 days before birth. Copeptin, a surrogate marker of vasopressin, was elevated 30-to 50-fold in plasma of perinatal mice, with higher levels after a vaginal than a C-section birth. We also found an acute decrease in plasma osmolality after a vaginal, but not C-section birth, suggesting that the difference in vasopressin release between birth modes is functionally meaningful. When vasopressin was administered centrally to newborns, we found an ~ 50% reduction in neuronal cell death in specific brain areas. Collectively, our results identify a conserved neuroendocrine response to birth that is sensitive to birth mode, and influences peripheral physiology and neurodevelopment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yarely C Hoffiz
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, 30302, USA
| | | | - Megan A L Hall
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, 30302, USA
| | - Taylor A Hite
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, 30302, USA
| | - Jennifer M Gray
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, 30302, USA
| | - Carla D Cisternas
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, 30302, USA.,Instituto de Investigación Médica M Y M Ferreyra, INIMEC-CONICET-UNC, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Laura R Cortes
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, 30302, USA
| | - Andrew J Jacobs
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, 30302, USA
| | - Nancy G Forger
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, 30302, USA.
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25
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Sheng JA, Bales NJ, Myers SA, Bautista AI, Roueinfar M, Hale TM, Handa RJ. The Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis: Development, Programming Actions of Hormones, and Maternal-Fetal Interactions. Front Behav Neurosci 2021; 14:601939. [PMID: 33519393 PMCID: PMC7838595 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2020.601939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis is a complex system of neuroendocrine pathways and feedback loops that function to maintain physiological homeostasis. Abnormal development of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis can further result in long-term alterations in neuropeptide and neurotransmitter synthesis in the central nervous system, as well as glucocorticoid hormone synthesis in the periphery. Together, these changes can potentially lead to a disruption in neuroendocrine, behavioral, autonomic, and metabolic functions in adulthood. In this review, we will discuss the regulation of the HPA axis and its development. We will also examine the maternal-fetal hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and disruption of the normal fetal environment which becomes a major risk factor for many neurodevelopmental pathologies in adulthood, such as major depressive disorder, anxiety, schizophrenia, and others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julietta A. Sheng
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - Natalie J. Bales
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - Sage A. Myers
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - Anna I. Bautista
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - Mina Roueinfar
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - Taben M. Hale
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Phoenix, AZ, United States
| | - Robert J. Handa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Phoenix, AZ, United States
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26
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Althammer F, Eliava M, Grinevich V. Central and peripheral release of oxytocin: Relevance of neuroendocrine and neurotransmitter actions for physiology and behavior. HANDBOOK OF CLINICAL NEUROLOGY 2021; 180:25-44. [PMID: 34225933 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-820107-7.00003-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The hypothalamic neuropeptide oxytocin (OT) is critically involved in the modulation of socio-emotional behavior, sexual competence, and pain perception and anticipation. While intracellular signaling of OT and its receptor (OTR), as well as the functional connectivity of hypothalamic and extra-hypothalamic OT projections, have been recently explored, it remains elusive how one single molecule has pleotropic effects from cell proliferation all the way to modulation of complex cognitive processes. Moreover, there are astonishing species-dependent differences in the way OT regulates various sensory modalities such as touch, olfaction, and vision, which can be explained by differences in OTR expression in brain regions processing sensory information. Recent research highlights a small subpopulation of OT-synthesizing cells, namely, parvocellular cells, which merely constitute 1% of the total number of OT cells but act as "master cells' that regulate the activity of the entire OT system. In this chapter, we summarize the latest advances in the field of OT research with a particular focus on differences between rodents, monkeys and humans and highlight the main differences between OT and its "sister" peptide arginine-vasopressin, which often exerts opposite effects on physiology and behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferdinand Althammer
- Neuroscience Department, Center for Neuroinflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Marina Eliava
- Department of Neuropeptide Research in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Valery Grinevich
- Department of Neuropeptide Research in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany.
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27
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Møller M. Vasopressin and oxytocin beyond the pituitary in the human brain. HANDBOOK OF CLINICAL NEUROLOGY 2021; 180:7-24. [PMID: 34225951 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-820107-7.00002-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Vasopressin and oxytocin are primarily synthesized in the magnocellular supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei of the hypothalamus and transported to the posterior pituitary. In the human, an extensive accessory magnocellular neuroendocrine system is present with contact to the posterior pituitary and blood vessels in the hypothalamus itself. Vasopressin and oxytocin are involved in social and behavioral functions. However, only few neocortical areas are targeted by vasopressinergic and oxytocinergic nerve fibers, which mostly project to limbic areas in the forebrain, where also their receptors are located. Vasopressinergic/oxytocinergic perikarya in the forebrain project to the brain stem and spinal cord targeting nuclei and areas involved in autonomic functions. Parvocellular neurons containing vasopressin are located in the suprachiasmatic nucleus and synchronize the activity of the pacemaker in this nucleus. From the suprachiasmatic nucleus fibers project to the parvocellular part of the paraventricular nucleus, where preautonomic neurons project to the intermediolateral nucleus in the thoracic spinal cord, from where the superior cervical ganglion is reached whose noradrenergic fibers terminate in the pineal gland to stimulate melatonin secretion at night. The pineal gland is also innervated by vasopressin- and oxytocin-containing fibers reaching the gland via the "central innervation" in the pineal stalk, which might be involve in an annual regulation of melatonin secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morten Møller
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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28
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Wang JS, Liu JL, Zhang J, Tan J, Huang T, Lu CX, Peng XY, Guo Y, Zheng L. Descended Social Anxiety Disorder and Craving in Women Heroin Dependence Through Exercise Alerts Plasma Oxytocin Levels. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:624993. [PMID: 34899404 PMCID: PMC8663167 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.624993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: This study explored the association between peripheral blood oxytocin (OT) and social anxiety disorder (SAD) and cue-induced cravings in female heroin addicts. The effect of exercise on alleviation of SAD and OT levels was also explored. Methods: A total of 72 females with heroin dependence were assigned to three groups based on SAD severity. The three groups were Non-SAD control, SAD control, and SAD exercise groups. Subjects in the SAD exercise group underwent aerobic exercise and resistance training for 8 weeks (60 min/day, 5 days/week). Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay analysis and Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale (LSAS) scores were used to determine plasma OT concentration and SAD, respectively. Cue-induced craving was assessed using Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and Desires for Drug Questionnaire (DDQ). Mixed-effect analysis of variance and Pearson correlation analysis were used to explore the effect and correlation between different parameters. Results: OT levels in the SAD exercise group were significantly high after exercise (p < 0.01). LSAS, VAS, and DDQ ("Desire and Intention" and "Negative reinforcement") scores in the SAD exercise group were significantly lower after exercise (p < 0.01). Plasma OT level was negatively correlated with LSAS score (r = -0.534, p < 0.001), VAS score (r = -0.609, p < 0.001), "Desire and Intention" score (r = -0.555, p < 0.001), and "Negative reinforcement" score (r = -0.332, p < 0.01) and positively correlated with the "control" score (r = 0.258, p < 0.05). LSAS was positively correlated with VAS score (r = 0.588, p < 0.001) and "Desire and Intention" score (r = 0.282, p < 0.05). Conclusions: The findings of the present study indicate that plasma OT is a potential peripheral biomarker for prediction of the severity of social anxiety in female heroin withdrawal patients. Aerobic exercise combined with resistance training plus incremental load for 8 weeks can increase plasma OT levels and significantly reduce severity of SAD and cue-induced cravings in female heroin addicts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Song Wang
- Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Sports Rehabilitation of the Hunan Province, College of Physical Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Jing Lin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Sports Rehabilitation of the Hunan Province, College of Physical Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Hunan Judicial Police Vocational College, Changsha, China
| | - Jun Tan
- College of Physical Education, Hunan International Economics University, Changsha, China
| | - Ting Huang
- Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Sports Rehabilitation of the Hunan Province, College of Physical Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Chun Xia Lu
- Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Sports Rehabilitation of the Hunan Province, College of Physical Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Xi Yang Peng
- Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Sports Rehabilitation of the Hunan Province, College of Physical Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Yin Guo
- Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Sports Rehabilitation of the Hunan Province, College of Physical Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Lan Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Sports Rehabilitation of the Hunan Province, College of Physical Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
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29
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MacGregor DJ, Leng G. Network and Population Function in Neuroendocrine Systems. SYSTEMS MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-801238-3.11371-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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30
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Zhang B, Qiu L, Xiao W, Ni H, Chen L, Wang F, Mai W, Wu J, Bao A, Hu H, Gong H, Duan S, Li A, Gao Z. Reconstruction of the Hypothalamo-Neurohypophysial System and Functional Dissection of Magnocellular Oxytocin Neurons in the Brain. Neuron 2020; 109:331-346.e7. [PMID: 33212012 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2020.10.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The hypothalamo-neurohypophysial system (HNS), comprising hypothalamic magnocellular neuroendocrine cells (MNCs) and the neurohypophysis, plays a pivotal role in regulating reproduction and fluid homeostasis by releasing oxytocin and vasopressin into the bloodstream. However, its structure and contribution to the central actions of oxytocin and vasopressin remain incompletely understood. Using viral tracing and whole-brain imaging, we reconstruct the three-dimensional architecture of the HNS and observe collaterals of MNCs within the brain. By dual viral tracing, we further uncover that subsets of MNCs collaterally project to multiple extrahypothalamic regions. Selective activation of magnocellular oxytocin neurons promote peripheral oxytocin release and facilitate central oxytocin-mediated social interactions, whereas inhibition of these neurons elicit opposing effects. Our work reveals the previously unrecognized complexity of the HNS and provides structural and functional evidence for MNCs in coordinating both peripheral and central oxytocin-mediated actions, which will shed light on the mechanistic understanding of oxytocin-related psychiatric diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Zhang
- Department of Neurobiology and Department of Neurology of Second Affiliated Hospital, NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China; The MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Research and Brain-Machine Integration, Zhejiang University School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Liyao Qiu
- Department of Neurobiology and Department of Neurology of Second Affiliated Hospital, NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China; The MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Research and Brain-Machine Integration, Zhejiang University School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Wei Xiao
- Department of Neurobiology and Department of Neurology of Second Affiliated Hospital, NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China; The MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Research and Brain-Machine Integration, Zhejiang University School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Hong Ni
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, MOE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Lunhao Chen
- Department of Neurobiology and Department of Neurology of Second Affiliated Hospital, NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China; The MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Research and Brain-Machine Integration, Zhejiang University School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Fan Wang
- Department of Neurobiology and Department of Neurology of Second Affiliated Hospital, NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China; The MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Research and Brain-Machine Integration, Zhejiang University School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Weihao Mai
- Department of Neurobiology and Department of Neurology of Second Affiliated Hospital, NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China; The MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Research and Brain-Machine Integration, Zhejiang University School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jintao Wu
- Department of Neurobiology and Department of Neurology of Second Affiliated Hospital, NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China; The MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Research and Brain-Machine Integration, Zhejiang University School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Aimin Bao
- Department of Neurobiology and Department of Neurology of Second Affiliated Hospital, NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China; The MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Research and Brain-Machine Integration, Zhejiang University School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Hailan Hu
- The MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Research and Brain-Machine Integration, Zhejiang University School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Hui Gong
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, MOE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Shumin Duan
- Department of Neurobiology and Department of Neurology of Second Affiliated Hospital, NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China; The MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Research and Brain-Machine Integration, Zhejiang University School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Anan Li
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, MOE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai 200031, China.
| | - Zhihua Gao
- Department of Neurobiology and Department of Neurology of Second Affiliated Hospital, NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China; The MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Research and Brain-Machine Integration, Zhejiang University School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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Liao PY, Chiu YM, Yu JH, Chen SK. Mapping Central Projection of Oxytocin Neurons in Unmated Mice Using Cre and Alkaline Phosphatase Reporter. Front Neuroanat 2020; 14:559402. [PMID: 33192340 PMCID: PMC7604466 DOI: 10.3389/fnana.2020.559402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxytocin, a neuropeptide and peptide hormone, is produced by neurons in the hypothalamus and released by the posterior pituitary to control breastfeeding and labor. Recent studies have revealed that oxytocin in the central nervous system is also involved in modulating social interaction. To understand the potential role and innervation pattern of oxytocin neurons before sexual interaction, here we used transgenic mice which have the Cre recombinase under the control of an endogenous oxytocin promoter and Cre-dependent human placental alkaline phosphatase (AP) reporter to label the oxytocin neurons in the naive mouse brain. Since AP is located on the membrane of oxytocin neurons, AP histochemistry staining enabled us to observe the fine axonal terminals and the innervation pattern of oxytocin neurons in the thick serial coronal brain slices. Here we show that the number of AP-labeled cells varies with staining reaction time and ranges from 30% of the oxytocin immune-positive cell count to slightly higher than the oxytocin immune-positive cell count. Using AP staining with extended reaction time, which may not label all oxytocin neurons, we confirmed many innervation targets of oxytocin neurons from the anterior olfactory nucleus, some cortex regions, the limbic system, the hypothalamus, and the hindbrain, while the cell bodies were exclusively located in the hypothalamus and the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis. Finally, we observe some individual variance at the olfactory area, isocortex, striatum, paraventricular nucleus of thalamus, locus coeruleus, and Barrington's nucleus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Yu Liao
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yan-Min Chiu
- Genome and Systems Biology, National Taiwan University and Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jo-Hsien Yu
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Kuo Chen
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Genome and Systems Biology, National Taiwan University and Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- Center for Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Social touch promotes interfemale communication via activation of parvocellular oxytocin neurons. Nat Neurosci 2020; 23:1125-1137. [PMID: 32719563 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-020-0674-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Oxytocin (OT) is a great facilitator of social life but, although its effects on socially relevant brain regions have been extensively studied, OT neuron activity during actual social interactions remains unexplored. Most OT neurons are magnocellular neurons, which simultaneously project to the pituitary and forebrain regions involved in social behaviors. In the present study, we show that a much smaller population of OT neurons, parvocellular neurons that do not project to the pituitary but synapse onto magnocellular neurons, is preferentially activated by somatosensory stimuli. This activation is transmitted to the larger population of magnocellular neurons, which consequently show coordinated increases in their activity during social interactions between virgin female rats. Selectively activating these parvocellular neurons promotes social motivation, whereas inhibiting them reduces social interactions. Thus, parvocellular OT neurons receive particular inputs to control social behavior by coordinating the responses of the much larger population of magnocellular OT neurons.
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Ohbuchi T, Saito T, Yokoyama T, Hashimoto H, Maruyama T, Suzuki H, Ueta Y. Osmotic perception of GABAergic synaptic transmission in the supraoptic nucleus of rats. IBRO Rep 2020; 9:58-64. [PMID: 32685762 PMCID: PMC7355382 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibror.2020.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular osmolality plays a crucial role in controlling the activation of neurons. Hypertonic stimulation modulates glutamatergic inputs to the supraoptic nucleus (SON) magnocellular neurosecretory cells (MNCs) putative vasopressin (VP) neurons through capsaicin-insensitive transient receptor potential vanilloid (TRPV) 1 channels on the presynaptic terminals. However, it remains unclear whether osmotic stimulation modulates GABAergic inputs to VP-secreting neurons within punched-out slices containing only the SON and the perinuclear zone. To answer this question, we studied the effects of various osmotic conditions on the miniature GABAergic postsynaptic currents (mGPSCs) using the whole-cell patch-clamp technique on rat SON putative VP-secreting neurons in small slice preparations. We revealed that incubation in hypertonic solution for 2 h reduced both the frequency and amplitude of the mGPSCs to the SON putative VP neurons, whereas the mGPSCs were unaffected when the external osmolality was changed from isotonic to hypotonic. Of interest, we found that changing from a hypertonic to hypotonic environment increased the frequency of the mGPSCs. This effect was independent of TRPV4. We hypothesize that two coordinated mechanisms may play an important role in the regulation of a wide range of physiological functions of VP.: 1) the modulation of GABAA receptor properties by brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)-induced tyrosine kinase B receptor-mediated signaling under hypertonic conditions, and 2) cell swelling-induced activation of whole-cell anion currents under hypotonic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toyoaki Ohbuchi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Takeshi Saito
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan.,Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Toru Yokoyama
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Hashimoto
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Takashi Maruyama
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Hideaki Suzuki
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Yoichi Ueta
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
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Brown CH, Ludwig M, Tasker JG, Stern JE. Somato-dendritic vasopressin and oxytocin secretion in endocrine and autonomic regulation. J Neuroendocrinol 2020; 32:e12856. [PMID: 32406599 PMCID: PMC9134751 DOI: 10.1111/jne.12856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Somato-dendritic secretion was first demonstrated over 30 years ago. However, although its existence has become widely accepted, the function of somato-dendritic secretion is still not completely understood. Hypothalamic magnocellular neurosecretory cells were among the first neuronal phenotypes in which somato-dendritic secretion was demonstrated and are among the neurones for which the functions of somato-dendritic secretion are best characterised. These neurones secrete the neuropeptides, vasopressin and oxytocin, in an orthograde manner from their axons in the posterior pituitary gland into the blood circulation to regulate body fluid balance and reproductive physiology. Retrograde somato-dendritic secretion of vasopressin and oxytocin modulates the activity of the neurones from which they are secreted, as well as the activity of neighbouring populations of neurones, to provide intra- and inter-population signals that coordinate the endocrine and autonomic responses for the control of peripheral physiology. Somato-dendritic vasopressin and oxytocin have also been proposed to act as hormone-like signals in the brain. There is some evidence that somato-dendritic secretion from magnocellular neurosecretory cells modulates the activity of neurones beyond their local environment where there are no vasopressin- or oxytocin-containing axons but, to date, there is no conclusive evidence for, or against, hormone-like signalling throughout the brain, although it is difficult to imagine that the levels of vasopressin found throughout the brain could be underpinned by release from relatively sparse axon terminal fields. The generation of data to resolve this issue remains a priority for the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colin H. Brown
- Department of Physiology, Brain Health Research Centre, Centre for Neuroendocrinology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Mike Ludwig
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Department of Immunology, Centre for Neuroendocrinology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Jeffrey G. Tasker
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Brain Institute, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Javier E. Stern
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
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Effect of amisulpride, olanzapine, quetiapine, and aripiprazole single administration on c-Fos expression in vasopressinergic and oxytocinergic neurons of the rat hypothalamic supraoptic nucleus. Endocr Regul 2020; 54:77-84. [PMID: 32597151 DOI: 10.2478/enr-2020-0010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The goal of this study was to reveal the impact of four types of atypical antipsychotics including amisulpride (AMI), olanzapine (OLA), quetiapine (QUE), and aripiprazole (ARI), with different receptor-affinity profile and dissociation constant, on the activity of hypothalamic supraoptic nucleus (SON) vasopressinergic and oxytocinergic neurons. METHODS Male Sprague Dawley rats received a single injection of vehicle (VEH) (0.1 ml/100g), AMI (20 mg/kg), OLA (5 mg/kg), QUE (15 mg/kg/) or ARI (10 mg/kg). Ninety min after treatment, the animals were fixed by transcardial perfusion, the brains removed, and cryocut into serial coronal sections of 35 µm thickness. The sections were processed for c-Fos staining using an avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex and visualized by nickel intensified diaminobenzidine to reach black end product. Afterwards, the sections were exposed to vasopressin (AVP) and oxytocin (OXY) antibodies and the reaction product visualized by biotin-labeled fluorescent Alexa Fluor 568 dye. The data were evaluated from c-Fos and AVP or OXY merged sections. RESULTS The present study shows that all four antipsychotics applied induced c-Fos expression in the SON. With respect to the stimulation efficacy of the individual antipsychotics, estimated based on the quantity of c-Fos-labeled AVP and OXY neurons, could be a preferential action assigned to QUE over moderate effect of ARI and lower effect to OLA and reduced effect of AMI (VEH < AMI < OLA < ARI < QUE). CONCLUSION The present data for the first time provide an insight into the quantitative pattern of brain activity within the clusters of SON AVP and OXY cells in response to different atypical antipsychotics single treatment.
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Li YX, An H, Wen Z, Tao ZY, Cao DY. Can oxytocin inhibit stress-induced hyperalgesia? Neuropeptides 2020; 79:101996. [PMID: 31776011 DOI: 10.1016/j.npep.2019.101996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Stress-induced hyperalgesia is a problematic condition that lacks an effective therapeutic measure, and hence impairs health-related quality of life. The regulation of stress by oxytocin (OT) has overlapping effects on pain. OT can alleviate pain directly mainly at the spinal level and the peripheral tissues. Additionally, OT plays an analgesic role by dealing with stress and fear learning. When OT relieves stress by targeting the prefrontal brain regions and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, the body's sensitivity to pain is attenuated. Meanwhile, OT facilitates fear learning and may, in turn, enhance the anticipatory actions to painful stimulation. The unique therapeutic value of OT in patients suffering from stress and stress-related hyperalgesia conditions is worth considering. We reviewed recent advances in animal and human studies involving the effects of OT on stress and pain, and discussed the possible targets of OT within the descending and ascending pathways in the central nervous system. This review provides an overview of the evidence on the role of OT in alleviating stress-induced hyperalgesia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue-Xin Li
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, Research Center of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Stomatology, 98 West 5th Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, PR China; Department of Special Dental Care, Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Stomatology, 98 West 5th Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, PR China
| | - Hong An
- Department of Special Dental Care, Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Stomatology, 98 West 5th Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, PR China.
| | - Zhuo Wen
- Department of Special Dental Care, Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Stomatology, 98 West 5th Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, PR China
| | - Zhuo-Ying Tao
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, Research Center of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Stomatology, 98 West 5th Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, PR China
| | - Dong-Yuan Cao
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, Research Center of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Stomatology, 98 West 5th Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, PR China.
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37
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Kania A, Sambak P, Gugula A, Szlaga A, Soltys Z, Blasiak T, Hess G, Rajfur Z, Blasiak A. Electrophysiology and distribution of oxytocin and vasopressin neurons in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus: a study in male and female rats. Brain Struct Funct 2019; 225:285-304. [DOI: 10.1007/s00429-019-01989-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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38
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Costa HC, Da-Silva JM, Diniz GB, Motta-Teixeira LC, Da-Silva RJ, Battagello DS, Sita LV, de-Moraes Machado C, Horta-Júnior JAC, Bittencourt JC. Characterisation and origins of melanin-concentrating hormone immunoreactive fibres of the posterior lobe of the pituitary and median eminence during lactation in the Long-Evans rat. J Neuroendocrinol 2019; 31:e12723. [PMID: 31034718 DOI: 10.1111/jne.12723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Although the melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) and its coding mRNA are predominantly found in the tuberal hypothalamus, there is detectable synthesis of MCH in the preoptic hypothalamus exclusively in lactating dams, suggesting a participation of MCH in the alterations that take place after parturition. Also implicated in the dam physiology is oxytocin, a neurohormone released from the posterior pituitary that is necessary for milk ejection. Because the projection fields from oxytocin-immunoreactive (-IR) neurones and the mediobasal preoptic hypothalamus overlap and MCH-IR neurones are found in proximity to oxytocin neurones, we investigated the spatial relationship between MCH and oxytocin fibres. Accordingly, we employed multiple immunohistochemistry labelling for MCH and oxytocin for light and electron microscopy techniques, in addition to i.v. tracer injection combined with in situ hybridisation to identify MCH neurones that project to neurosecretory areas. As described for other strains, lactating Long-Evans dams also display immunoreactivity for MCH in the preoptic hypothalamus on days 12 and 19 of lactation. The appearance of these neurones is contemporaneous with an increase in MCH-IR fibres in both the internal layer of the median eminence and the posterior pituitary. In both regions, MCH- and oxytocin-IR fibres were found in great proximity, although there was no evidence for synaptic interaction between these two populations at the ultrastructural level. The tracer injection revealed that only mediobasal preoptic MCH neurones project to the posterior pituitary, suggesting a neuroendocrine-modulatory role for this population. When taken together, the results obtained in the present study indicate that neuroplasticity events at the mediobasal preoptic hypothalamus that occur during late lactation may be part of a neuroendocrinology control loop involving both MCH and oxytocin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helder C Costa
- Laboratory of Chemical Neuroanatomy, Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Joelcimar M Da-Silva
- Laboratory of Chemical Neuroanatomy, Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Giovanne B Diniz
- Laboratory of Chemical Neuroanatomy, Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Livia C Motta-Teixeira
- Laboratory of Chemical Neuroanatomy, Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Renata J Da-Silva
- Laboratory of Chemical Neuroanatomy, Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Daniella S Battagello
- Laboratory of Chemical Neuroanatomy, Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
- Center for Neuroscience and Behavior, Institute of Psychology, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luciane V Sita
- Laboratory of Chemical Neuroanatomy, Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carla de-Moraes Machado
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
| | - José A C Horta-Júnior
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
- Electron Microscopy Center, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Jackson C Bittencourt
- Laboratory of Chemical Neuroanatomy, Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
- Center for Neuroscience and Behavior, Institute of Psychology, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
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A Fear Memory Engram and Its Plasticity in the Hypothalamic Oxytocin System. Neuron 2019; 103:133-146.e8. [PMID: 31104950 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2019.04.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Revised: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Oxytocin (OT) release by axonal terminals onto the central nucleus of the amygdala exerts anxiolysis. To investigate which subpopulation of OT neurons contributes to this effect, we developed a novel method: virus-delivered genetic activity-induced tagging of cell ensembles (vGATE). With the vGATE method, we identified and permanently tagged a small subpopulation of OT cells, which, by optogenetic stimulation, strongly attenuated contextual fear-induced freezing, and pharmacogenetic silencing of tagged OT neurons impaired context-specific fear extinction, demonstrating that the tagged OT neurons are sufficient and necessary, respectively, to control contextual fear. Intriguingly, OT cell terminals of fear-experienced rats displayed enhanced glutamate release in the amygdala. Furthermore, rats exposed to another round of fear conditioning displayed 5-fold more activated magnocellular OT neurons in a novel environment than a familiar one, possibly for a generalized fear response. Thus, our results provide first evidence that hypothalamic OT neurons represent a fear memory engram.
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Popescu IR, Buraei Z, Haam J, Weng F, Tasker JG. Lactation induces increased IPSC bursting in oxytocinergic neurons. Physiol Rep 2019; 7:e14047. [PMID: 31008554 PMCID: PMC6475881 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.14047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Revised: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypothalamic magnocellular neurosecretory cells (MNCs) undergo dramatic structural reorganization during lactation in female rats that is thought to contribute to the pulsatile secretion of oxytocin critical for milk ejection. MNCs from male rats generate robust bursts of GABAergic synaptic currents, a subset of which are onset-synchronized between MNC pairs, but the functional role of the IPSC bursts is not known. To determine the physiological relevance of IPSC bursts, we compared MNCs from lactating and non-lactating female rats using whole-cell recordings in brain slices. We recorded a sixfold increase in the incidence of IPSC bursts in oxytocin (OT)-MNCs from lactating rats compared to non-lactating rats, whereas there was no change in IPSC bursts in vasopressin (VP)-MNCs. Synchronized bursts of IPSCs were observed in pairs of MNCs in slices from lactating rats. Our data indicate, therefore, that IPSC bursts are upregulated specifically in OT-MNCs during lactation, and may, therefore, contribute via rebound depolarization to the spike trains in OT neurons that lead to reflex milk ejection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ion R. Popescu
- Department of Cell and Molecular BiologyTulane UniversityNew OrleansLouisiana
| | - Zafir Buraei
- Department of Cell and Molecular BiologyTulane UniversityNew OrleansLouisiana
- Present address:
Department of BiologyPace UniversityNew York CityNew York
| | - Juhee Haam
- Department of Cell and Molecular BiologyTulane UniversityNew OrleansLouisiana
- Present address:
Neurobiology LaboratoryNational Institute of Environmental Health SciencesDepartment of Health and Human ServicesNational Institutes of HealthResearch Triangle ParkNorth Carolina
| | - Feng‐Ju Weng
- Department of Cell and Molecular BiologyTulane UniversityNew OrleansLouisiana
- Present address:
Department of Brain and Cognitive ScienceMassachusetts Institute of TechnologyBostonMassachusetts
| | - Jeffrey G. Tasker
- Department of Cell and Molecular BiologyTulane UniversityNew OrleansLouisiana
- Tulane Brain InstituteTulane UniversityNew OrleansLouisiana
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Schalla MA, Stengel A. The role of phoenixin in behavior and food intake. Peptides 2019; 114:38-43. [PMID: 30953667 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2019.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Revised: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The recently discovered peptide phoenixin was initially implicated in reproduction as a regulator of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)-stimulated luteinizing hormone (LH) release from the pituitary. Subsequently, various functions of phoenixin have been demonstrated including mediation of itching sensation, stimulation of vasopressin secretion, stimulation of white adipogenesis and hypothalamic nutrient sensing. Subsequently, additional actions of phoenixin have been described, namely effects on behavior. A systematic search of four data bases was performed and original articles selected accordingly. The present systematic review will present the current knowledge on the effects of phoenixin on different behaviors such as anxiety and food intake as well as cognition. Lastly, gaps in knowledge will be mentioned to stimulate further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martha A Schalla
- Charité Center for Internal Medicine and Dermatology, Department for Psychosomatic Medicine; Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Stengel
- Charité Center for Internal Medicine and Dermatology, Department for Psychosomatic Medicine; Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Medical University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
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42
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Shenton FC, Pyner S. Transient receptor potential vanilloid type 4 is expressed in vasopressinergic neurons within the magnocellular subdivision of the rat paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus. J Comp Neurol 2018; 526:3035-3044. [PMID: 30078222 PMCID: PMC6492187 DOI: 10.1002/cne.24514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Revised: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Changes in plasma osmolality can drive changes in the output from brain centres known to control cardiovascular homeostasis, such as the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN). Within the PVN hypotonicity reduces the firing rate of parvocellular neurons, a neuronal pool known to be involved in modulating sympathetic vasomotor tone. Also present in the PVN is the transient receptor potential vanilloid type 4 (TRPV4) ion channel. Activation of TRPV4 within the PVN mimics the reduction in firing rate of the parvocellular neurons but it is unknown if these neurons express the channel. We used neuronal tracing and immunohistochemistry to investigate which neurons expressed the TRPV4 ion channel protein and its relationship with neurons known to play a role in plasma volume regulation. Spinally projecting preautonomic neurons within the PVN were labelled after spinal cord injection of FluoroGold (FG). This was followed by immunolabelling with anti‐TRPV4 antibody in combination with either anti‐oxytocin (OXT) or anti‐vasopressin (AVP). The TRPV4 ion channel was expressed on 63% of the vasopressinergic magnocellular neurosecretory cells found predominantly within the posterior magnocellular division of the PVN. Oxytocinergic neurons and FG labelled preautonomic neurons were present in the same location, but were distinct from the TRPV4/vasopressin expressing neurons. Vasopressinergic neurons within the supraoptic nucleus (SON) were also found to express TRPV4 and the fibres extending between the SON and PVN. In conclusion within the PVN, TRPV4 is well placed to respond to changes in osmolality by regulating vasopressin secretion, which in turn influences sympathetic output via preautonomic neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- F C Shenton
- Department of Biosciences, Durham University, Durham, UK
| | - S Pyner
- Department of Biosciences, Durham University, Durham, UK
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Yokoyama T, Terawaki K, Minami K, Miyano K, Nonaka M, Uzu M, Kashiwase Y, Yanagihara K, Ueta Y, Uezono Y. Modulation of synaptic inputs in magnocellular neurones in a rat model of cancer cachexia. J Neuroendocrinol 2018; 30:e12630. [PMID: 29944778 DOI: 10.1111/jne.12630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 06/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In cancer cachexia, abnormal metabolism and neuroendocrine dysfunction cause anorexia, tissue damage and atrophy, which can in turn alter body fluid balance. Arginine vasopressin, which regulates fluid homeostasis, is secreted by magnocellular neurosecretory cells (MNCs) of the hypothalamic supraoptic nucleus. Arginine vasopressin secretion by MNCs is regulated by both excitatory and inhibitory synaptic activity, alterations in plasma osmolarity and various peptides, including angiotensin II. In the present study, we used whole-cell patch-clamp recordings of brain slices to determine whether hyperosmotic stimulation and/or angiotensin II potentiate excitatory synaptic input in a rat model of cancer cachexia, similar to their effects in normal (control) rats. Hyperosmotic (15 and 60 mmol L-1 mannitol) stimulation and angiotensin II (0.1 μmol L-1 ) increased the frequency, but not the amplitude, of miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents in normal rats; in model rats, both effects were significantly attenuated. These results suggest that cancer cachexia alters supraoptic MNC sensitivity to osmotic and angiotensin II stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toru Yokoyama
- Cancer Pathophysiology Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Terawaki
- Cancer Pathophysiology Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
- Tsumura Research Laboratories, Tsumura & Co., Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Kouichiro Minami
- Cancer Pathophysiology Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Japan
| | - Kanako Miyano
- Cancer Pathophysiology Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Miki Nonaka
- Cancer Pathophysiology Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Miaki Uzu
- Cancer Pathophysiology Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yohei Kashiwase
- Cancer Pathophysiology Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology and Metabolic Disease, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Japan
| | - Kazuyoshi Yanagihara
- Division of Biomarker Discovery, Exploratory Oncology Research & Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Yoichi Ueta
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Yasuhito Uezono
- Cancer Pathophysiology Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
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Jurek B, Neumann ID. The Oxytocin Receptor: From Intracellular Signaling to Behavior. Physiol Rev 2018; 98:1805-1908. [DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00031.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 408] [Impact Index Per Article: 68.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The many facets of the oxytocin (OXT) system of the brain and periphery elicited nearly 25,000 publications since 1930 (see FIGURE 1 , as listed in PubMed), which revealed central roles for OXT and its receptor (OXTR) in reproduction, and social and emotional behaviors in animal and human studies focusing on mental and physical health and disease. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms of OXT expression and release, expression and binding of the OXTR in brain and periphery, OXTR-coupled signaling cascades, and their involvement in behavioral outcomes to assemble a comprehensive picture of the central and peripheral OXT system. Traditionally known for its role in milk let-down and uterine contraction during labor, OXT also has implications in physiological, and also behavioral, aspects of reproduction, such as sexual and maternal behaviors and pair bonding, but also anxiety, trust, sociability, food intake, or even drug abuse. The many facets of OXT are, on a molecular basis, brought about by a single receptor. The OXTR, a 7-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptor capable of binding to either Gαior Gαqproteins, activates a set of signaling cascades, such as the MAPK, PKC, PLC, or CaMK pathways, which converge on transcription factors like CREB or MEF-2. The cellular response to OXT includes regulation of neurite outgrowth, cellular viability, and increased survival. OXTergic projections in the brain represent anxiety and stress-regulating circuits connecting the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus, amygdala, bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, or the medial prefrontal cortex. Which OXT-induced patterns finally alter the behavior of an animal or a human being is still poorly understood, and studying those OXTR-coupled signaling cascades is one initial step toward a better understanding of the molecular background of those behavioral effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Jurek
- Department of Behavioural and Molecular Neurobiology, Institute of Zoology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Inga D. Neumann
- Department of Behavioural and Molecular Neurobiology, Institute of Zoology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
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45
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The accessory magnocellular neurosecretory system of the rostral human hypothalamus. Cell Tissue Res 2018; 373:487-498. [DOI: 10.1007/s00441-018-2818-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2017] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Maícas-Royo J, Leng G, MacGregor DJ. A Predictive, Quantitative Model of Spiking Activity and Stimulus-Secretion Coupling in Oxytocin Neurons. Endocrinology 2018; 159:1433-1452. [PMID: 29342276 PMCID: PMC5934744 DOI: 10.1210/en.2017-03068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Oxytocin neurons of the rat hypothalamus project to the posterior pituitary, where they secrete their products into the bloodstream. The pattern and quantity of that release depends on the afferent inputs to the neurons, on their intrinsic membrane properties, and on nonlinear interactions between spiking activity and exocytosis: A given number of spikes will trigger more secretion when they arrive close together. Here we present a quantitative computational model of oxytocin neurons that can replicate the results of a wide variety of published experiments. The spiking model mimics electrophysiological data of oxytocin cells responding to cholecystokinin (CCK), a peptide produced in the gut after food intake. The secretion model matches results from in vitro experiments on stimulus-secretion coupling in the posterior pituitary. We mimic the plasma clearance of oxytocin with a two-compartment model, replicating the dynamics observed experimentally after infusion and injection of oxytocin. Combining these models allows us to infer, from measurements of oxytocin in plasma, the spiking activity of the oxytocin neurons that produced that secretion. We have tested these inferences with experimental data on oxytocin secretion and spiking activity in response to intravenous injections of CCK. We show how intrinsic mechanisms of the oxytocin neurons determine this relationship: In particular, we show that the presence of an afterhyperpolarization (AHP) in oxytocin neurons dramatically reduces the variability of their spiking activity and even more markedly reduces the variability of oxytocin secretion. The AHP thus acts as a filter, protecting the final product of oxytocin cells from noisy fluctuations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Maícas-Royo
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Gareth Leng
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Duncan J MacGregor
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Correspondence: Duncan J. MacGregor, PhD, Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Hugh Robson Building, George Square, Edinburgh EH8 9XD, United Kingdom. E-mail:
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Reppucci C, Gergely C, Veenema A. Activation patterns of vasopressinergic and oxytocinergic brain regions following social play exposure in juvenile male and female rats. J Neuroendocrinol 2018; 30:10.1111/jne.12582. [PMID: 29424020 PMCID: PMC6085164 DOI: 10.1111/jne.12582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 02/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Social play is a highly rewarding and motivated behavior predominately displayed by juveniles and expressed by nearly all mammalian species. Prior work suggested that the vasopressin (AVP) and oxytocin (OT) systems can regulate the expression of social play in sex-specific ways. Here we investigated whether there are sex differences in the recruitment of vasopressinergic and oxytocinergic brain regions following social play exposure in juvenile rats. Single-housed rats were allowed to play, in their home cage, with an age- and sex-matched unfamiliar conspecific for 10 min, or received similar handling but no partner. Double-labeled fluorescent immunohistochemistry for Fos and either AVP or OT was completed in adjacent series of tissue to determine recruitment of AVP- and OT-immunoreactive neurons in response to social play. Exposure to social play did not increase recruitment of AVP or OT neurons in the supraoptic (SO) or paraventricular (PVH) hypothalamic nuclei of either sex compared to the no-play control condition. Interestingly, there was a robust sex difference in SO recruitment, irrespective of social play condition, with males exhibiting twice the recruitment of SO-AVP and SO-OT neurons compared to females. Lastly, exposure to social play increased recruitment of the posterior bed nuclei of the stria terminalis (pBST) and the posterodorsal medial amygdalar nucleus (MEApd) compared to the no-play control condition, and this effect was most pronounced in females. Our findings revealed sex differences in the recruitment of brain regions (i) independent of play condition (i.e., SO) possibly representing a sex difference in the baseline levels of AVP and OT signaling required for typical functioning and (ii) specific to play condition (i.e., pBST, MEApd). In sum, this study provides further evidence that the neural substrates underlying social play behavior are sex-specific. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- C.J. Reppucci
- Department of Psychology & Neuroscience Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, United States
| | - C.K. Gergely
- Department of Psychology, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467, United States
| | - A.H. Veenema
- Department of Psychology & Neuroscience Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, United States
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Jones C, Barrera I, Brothers S, Ring R, Wahlestedt C. Oxytocin and social functioning. DIALOGUES IN CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCE 2018. [PMID: 28867943 PMCID: PMC5573563 DOI: 10.31887/dcns.2017.19.2/cjones] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Social anxiety is a form of anxiety characterized by continuous fear of one or more social or performance situations. Although multiple treatment modalities (cognitive behavioral therapy, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors/selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, benzodiazepines) exist for social anxiety, they are effective for only 60% to 70% of patients. Thus, researchers have looked for other candidates for social anxiety treatment. Our review focuses on the peptide oxytocin as a potential therapeutic option for individuals with social anxiety. Animal research both in nonprimates and primates supports oxytocin's role in facilitation of prosocial behaviors and its anxiolytic effects. Human studies indicate significant associations between social anxiety and oxytocin receptor gene alleles, as well as social anxiety and oxytocin plasma levels. In addition, intranasal administration of oxytocin in humans has favorable effects on social anxiety symptomology. Other disorders, including autism, schizophrenia, and anorexia, have components of social anxiety in their pathophysiology. The therapeutic role of oxytocin for social dysfunction in these disorders is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Candace Jones
- University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Ingrid Barrera
- University of Miami Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Shaun Brothers
- University of Miami Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Robert Ring
- Drexel University Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Claes Wahlestedt
- University of Miami Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Miami, Florida, USA
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Korpal AK, Han SY, Schwenke DO, Brown CH. A switch from GABA inhibition to excitation of vasopressin neurons exacerbates the development angiotensin II-dependent hypertension. J Neuroendocrinol 2017; 30. [PMID: 29222949 DOI: 10.1111/jne.12564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Hypothalamic magnocellular neurons secrete vasopressin into the systemic circulation to maintain blood pressure by increasing renal water reabsorption and by vasoconstriction. When blood pressure rises, baroreflex activation normally inhibits vasopressin neurons via activation of GABAergic inputs. However, plasma vasopressin levels are paradoxically elevated in several models of hypertension and in some patients with essential hypertension, despite increased blood pressure. We have previously shown that vasopressin neuron activity is increased early in the development of moderate angiotensin II-dependent hypertension via blunted baroreflex inhibition of vasopressin neurons. Here, we show that antagonism of vasopressin-induced vasoconstriction slows the development of hypertension and that local administration of a GABAA receptor antagonist inhibits vasopressin neurons during, but not before, the onset of hypertension. Taken together, our data suggest that vasopressin exacerbates the increase in blood pressure evident early in the development hypertension and that blunted baroreflex inhibition of vasopressin neurons is underpinned by an excitatory shift in their response to endogenous GABA signalling. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron K Korpal
- Brain Health Research Centre University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
- Centre for, Neuroendocrinology University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
- Heart Otago and University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Su Young Han
- Brain Health Research Centre University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
- Centre for, Neuroendocrinology University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
- Heart Otago and University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Daryl O Schwenke
- Heart Otago and University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
- Department of Physiology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Colin H Brown
- Brain Health Research Centre University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
- Centre for, Neuroendocrinology University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
- Heart Otago and University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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50
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Mitre M, Kranz TM, Marlin BJ, Schiavo JK, Erdjument-Bromage H, Zhang X, Minder J, Neubert TA, Hackett TA, Chao MV, Froemke RC. Sex-Specific Differences in Oxytocin Receptor Expression and Function for Parental Behavior. GENDER AND THE GENOME 2017; 1:142-166. [PMID: 32959027 PMCID: PMC7500123 DOI: 10.1089/gg.2017.0017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Revised: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Parental care is among the most profound behavior expressed by humans and other animals. Despite intense interest in understanding the biological basis of parental behaviors, it remains unknown how much of parenting is encoded by the genome and which abilities instead are learned or can be refined by experience. One critical factor at the intersection between innate behaviors and experience-dependent learning is oxytocin, a neurohormone important for maternal physiology and neuroplasticity. Oxytocin acts throughout the body and brain to promote prosocial and maternal behaviors and modulates synaptic transmission to affect neural circuit dynamics. Recently we developed specific antibodies to mouse oxytocin receptors, found that oxytocin receptors are left lateralized in female auditory cortex, and examined how oxytocin enables maternal behavior by sensitizing the cortex to infant distress sounds. In this study we compare oxytocin receptor expression and function in male and female mice. Receptor expression is higher in adult female left auditory cortex than in right auditory cortex or males. Developmental profiles and mRNA expression were comparable between males and females. Behaviorally, male and female mice began expressing parental behavior similarly after cohousing with experienced females; however, oxytocin enhanced parental behavior onset in females but not males. This suggests that left lateralization of oxytocin receptor expression in females provides a mechanism for accelerating maternal behavior onset, although male mice can also effectively co-parent after experience with infants. The sex-specific pattern of oxytocin receptor expression might genetically predispose female cortex to respond to infant cues, which both males and females can also rapidly learn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariela Mitre
- Skirball Institute for Biomolecular Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
- Department of Otolaryngology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
- Department of Cell Biology, Psychiatry, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Thorsten M. Kranz
- Skirball Institute for Biomolecular Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
- Department of Otolaryngology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
- Department of Cell Biology, Psychiatry, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Bianca J. Marlin
- Skirball Institute for Biomolecular Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
- Department of Otolaryngology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Jennifer K. Schiavo
- Skirball Institute for Biomolecular Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
- Department of Otolaryngology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Hediye Erdjument-Bromage
- Skirball Institute for Biomolecular Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | | | - Jess Minder
- Skirball Institute for Biomolecular Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
- Department of Otolaryngology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Thomas A. Neubert
- Skirball Institute for Biomolecular Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Troy A. Hackett
- Department of Hearing and Speech Sciences, Vanderbilt Kennedy Center for Research on Human Development, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Moses V. Chao
- Skirball Institute for Biomolecular Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
- Department of Cell Biology, Psychiatry, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Robert C. Froemke
- Skirball Institute for Biomolecular Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
- Department of Otolaryngology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
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