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Yue J, Mei Q, Wang P, Miao P, Dong WF, Li L. A Yellow Fluorescence Probe for the Detection of Oxidized Glutathione and Biological Imaging. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:17119-17127. [PMID: 35394762 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c01857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
It is well-known that the ratio of reduced l-glutathione (GSH) to oxidized l-glutathione (GSSG) is a vital biomarker for monitoring overall cellular health, thus detecting the intracellular concentration of glutathione is of great significance. Recently, an increasing number of reports have published various methods for GSH detection, but studies on the detection of GSSG are still rare. Here, we report a kind of new yellow fluorescent carbon dots (CDs) for the detection of GSSG through a fluorescence "off-on" process. Because the surface is rich in amino groups, the CDs show a positive potential. When the concentration of GSSG was continuously increased, the CDs' fluorescence dropped sharply, while the fluorescence gradually recovered after the addition of sodium sulfide. The phenomenon of fluorescence quenching is linear with the concentration of the quencher (GSSG)(0-200 μM), and 0.18 μM is calculated as the detection limit. More interestingly, as a fluorescent probe, the CDs can be further used for fluorescence imaging in living cells and zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Yue
- School of Biomedical Engineering (Suzhou), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biomedical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Science (CAS), Suzhou 215163, China
| | - Qian Mei
- School of Biomedical Engineering (Suzhou), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biomedical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Science (CAS), Suzhou 215163, China
| | - Panyong Wang
- School of Biomedical Engineering (Suzhou), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biomedical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Science (CAS), Suzhou 215163, China
| | - Peng Miao
- Jihua Laboratory, Foshan 528200, China
| | - Wen-Fei Dong
- School of Biomedical Engineering (Suzhou), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biomedical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Science (CAS), Suzhou 215163, China
| | - Li Li
- School of Biomedical Engineering (Suzhou), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biomedical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Science (CAS), Suzhou 215163, China
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2
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Kasprzyk W, Koper F, Flis A, Szreder D, Pamuła E, Bogdał D, Wybraniec S, Ortyl J, Swiergosz T. Fluorescence assay for the determination of glutathione based on a ring-fused 2-pyridone derivative in dietary supplements. Analyst 2021; 146:1897-1906. [PMID: 33480890 DOI: 10.1039/d0an02245d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Herein, a novel fluorescent method for the determination of GSH levels in aqueous solutions involving the utilization of citric acid as a derivatization reagent was developed. Therefore, the crucial parameters of the derivatization process were established from what has resulted in the development of a sensitive, reproducible, and accurate GSH assay. The method was validated, and its applicability in the characterization of the GSH concentration in dietary supplements concerning the selectivity in the determination of GSH over GSSG was both confirmed. The chemical structure of the new fluorophore 3-[(carboxymethyl)carbamoyl]-5-oxo-2,3-dihydro-5H-[1,3]thiazolo[3,2-a]pyridine-7-carboxylic acid - CTPC was elucidated using detailed NMR: one-dimensional (1H, 13C), as well as two-dimensional NMR spectra (1H-1H COSY, 1H-13C HSQC, 1H-13C HMBC, 1H-15N HSQC, 1H-15N HMBC) experiments. Besides, the essential optical, biological and antioxidative properties of CTPC were investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wiktor Kasprzyk
- Department of Biotechnology and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, 31-155 Kraków, Poland.
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Zhang X, Mariano CF, Ando Y, Shen K. Bioengineering tools for probing intracellular events in T lymphocytes. WIREs Mech Dis 2020; 13:e1510. [PMID: 33073545 DOI: 10.1002/wsbm.1510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
T lymphocytes are the central coordinator and executor of many immune functions. The activation and function of T lymphocytes are mediated through the engagement of cell surface receptors and regulated by a myriad of intracellular signaling network. Bioengineering tools, including imaging modalities and fluorescent probes, have been developed and employed to elucidate the cellular events throughout the functional lifespan of T cells. A better understanding of these events can broaden our knowledge in the immune systems biology, as well as accelerate the development of effective diagnostics and immunotherapies. Here we review the commonly used and recently developed techniques and probes for monitoring T lymphocyte intracellular events, following the order of intracellular events in T cells from activation, signaling, metabolism to apoptosis. The techniques introduced here can be broadly applied to other immune cells and cell systems. This article is categorized under: Immune System Diseases > Molecular and Cellular Physiology Immune System Diseases > Biomedical Engineering Infectious Diseases > Biomedical Engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyuan Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Chelsea F Mariano
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Yuta Ando
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Keyue Shen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.,USC Stem Cell, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
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Huang J, Hou L, Bian X, Chang K. Analysis of intracellular reactive oxygen species by micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography with laser-induced-fluorescence detector. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2019.1625369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jianping Huang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Water Pollution and Soil Damage Remediation, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation and Treatment, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lijun Hou
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaozheng Bian
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Kai Chang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou, China
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Fang XX, Li HY, Fang P, Pan JZ, Fang Q. A handheld laser-induced fluorescence detector for multiple applications. Talanta 2015; 150:135-41. [PMID: 26838391 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2015.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Revised: 12/02/2015] [Accepted: 12/10/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, we present a compact handheld laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) detector based on a 450 nm laser diode and quasi-confocal optical configuration with a total size of 9.1 × 6.2 × 4.1 cm(3). Since there are few reports on the use of 450 nm laser diode in LIF detection, especially in miniaturized LIF detector, we systematically investigated various optical arrangements suitable for the requirements of 450 nm laser diode and system miniaturization, including focusing lens, filter combination, and pinhole, as well as Raman effect of water at 450 nm excitation wavelength. As the result, the handheld LIF detector integrates the light source (450 nm laser diode), optical circuit module (including a 450 nm band-pass filter, a dichroic mirror, a collimating lens, a 525 nm band-pass filter, and a 1.0mm aperture), optical detector (miniaturized photomultiplier tube), as well as electronic module (including signal recording, processing and displaying units). This detector is capable of working independently with a cost of ca. $2000 for the whole instrument. The detection limit of the instrument for sodium fluorescein solution is 0.42 nM (S/N=3). The broad applicability of the present system was demonstrated in capillary electrophoresis separation of fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) labeled amino acids and in flow cytometry of tumor cells as an on-line LIF detector, as well as in droplet array chip analysis as a LIF scanner. We expect such a compact LIF detector could be applied in flow analysis systems as an on-line detector, and in field analysis and biosensor analysis as a portable universal LIF detector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Xia Fang
- Institute of Microanalytical Systems, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Han-Yang Li
- Institute of Microanalytical Systems, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Pan Fang
- Institute of Microanalytical Systems, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jian-Zhang Pan
- Institute of Microanalytical Systems, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Qun Fang
- Institute of Microanalytical Systems, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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Li H, Li L, Wang X, Li Q, Du M, Tang B. Dual-calibration coefficient: a more accurate protocol for simultaneous determination of superoxide and hydrogen peroxide in human HepG2 cell extracts. Sci China Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-015-5396-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Hodáková J, Preisler J, Foret F, Kubáň P. Sensitive determination of glutathione in biological samples by capillary electrophoresis with green (515nm) laser-induced fluorescence detection. J Chromatogr A 2015; 1391:102-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2015.02.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2014] [Revised: 02/02/2015] [Accepted: 02/20/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Du F, Cao S, Fung YS. A serial dual-electrode detector based on electrogenerated bromine for capillary electrophoresis. Electrophoresis 2014; 35:3556-63. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201400257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2014] [Revised: 08/30/2014] [Accepted: 08/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fuying Du
- Department of Water Quality Engineering, School of Power and Mechanical Engineering; Wuhan University; Wuhan China
- Department of Chemistry; The University of Hong Kong; Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Shunan Cao
- Department of Water Quality Engineering, School of Power and Mechanical Engineering; Wuhan University; Wuhan China
| | - Ying-Sing Fung
- Department of Chemistry; The University of Hong Kong; Hong Kong SAR China
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Dual labeling for simultaneous determination of nitric oxide, glutathione and cysteine in macrophage RAW264.7 cells by microchip electrophoresis with fluorescence detection. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1359:309-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2014] [Revised: 07/10/2014] [Accepted: 07/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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10
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Tu FQ, Zhang LY, Guo XF, Wang H, Zhang HS. Development of a potential method based on microchip electrophoresis with fluorescence detection for the sensitive determination of intracellular thiols in RAW264.7 cells. Electrophoresis 2014; 35:1188-95. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201300452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2013] [Revised: 12/06/2013] [Accepted: 12/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Qin Tu
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education); College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences; Wuhan University; Wuhan P. R. China
| | - Li-Yun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education); College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences; Wuhan University; Wuhan P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Feng Guo
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education); College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences; Wuhan University; Wuhan P. R. China
| | - Hong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education); College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences; Wuhan University; Wuhan P. R. China
| | - Hua-Shan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education); College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences; Wuhan University; Wuhan P. R. China
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12
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Chen Z, Li Q, Sun Q, Chen H, Wang X, Li N, Yin M, Xie Y, Li H, Tang B. Simultaneous Determination of Reactive Oxygen and Nitrogen Species in Mitochondrial Compartments of Apoptotic HepG2 Cells and PC12 Cells Based On Microchip Electrophoresis–Laser-Induced Fluorescence. Anal Chem 2012; 84:4687-94. [DOI: 10.1021/ac300255n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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13
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Zhao W, Chen Q, Wu R, Wu H, Fung Y, O W. Capillary electrophoresis with LIF detection for assessment of mitochondrial number based on the cardiolipin content. Electrophoresis 2011; 32:3025-33. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201100165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2011] [Revised: 06/16/2011] [Accepted: 07/17/2011] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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AL-Othman ZA, Ali I. NANO CAPILLARY ELECTROPHORESIS IN MICROCHIPS: A NEED OF THE PRESENT CENTURY. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2011. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2011.566031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zeid A. AL-Othman
- a Department of Chemistry, College of Science , King Saud University , Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Imran Ali
- b Department of Chemistry , Jamia Millia Islamia, (Central University) , New Delhi, India
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Li H, Li Q, Wang X, Xu K, Chen Z, Gong X, Liu X, Tong L, Tang B. Simultaneous determination of superoxide and hydrogen peroxide in macrophage RAW 264.7 cell extracts by microchip electrophoresis with laser-induced fluorescence detection. Anal Chem 2010; 81:2193-8. [PMID: 19206207 DOI: 10.1021/ac801777c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A method for the first time to simultaneously determine superoxide and hydrogen peroxide in macrophage RAW 264.7 cell extracts by microchip electrophoresis with laser-induced fluorescence detection (MCE-LIF) was developed. 2-Chloro-1,3-dibenzothiazolinecyclohexene (DBZTC) and bis(p-methylbenzenesulfonyl) dichlorofluorescein (FS), two probes that can be specifically derivatized by superoxide and hydrogen peroxide, respectively, were synthesized and used. Parameters influencing the derivatization and on-chip separation were optimized. With the use of a HEPES (20 mM, pH 7.4) running buffer, a 50 mm long separation channel, and a separation voltage of 1800 V, baseline separation was achieved within 48 s for the two derivatization products, DBZTC-oxide (DBO) and 2,7-dichlorofluorescein (DCF). The linearity ranges of the method were 0.08-5.0 and 0.02-5.0 microM with detection limits (signal-to-noise ratio = 3) of 10 nM (1.36 amol) and 5.6 nM (0.76 amol) for superoxide and hydrogen peroxide, respectively. The relative standard deviations (RSDs) of migration time and peak area were less than 2.0% and 5.0%, respectively. The recoveries of the cell extract samples spiked with 1.0 microM standard solutions were 96.1% and 93.0% for superoxide and hydrogen peroxide, respectively. With the use of this method, superoxide and hydrogen peroxide in phorbol myristate acetate (PMA)-stimulated macrophage RAW 264.7 cell extracts were found to be 0.78 and 1.14 microM, respectively. The method has paved a way for simultaneously determining two or more reactive oxygen species (ROS) in a biological system with high resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongmin Li
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Engineering Research Center of Pesticide and Medicine Intermediate Clean Production, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, People's Republic of China
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Wu J, Ferrance JP, Landers JP, Weber SG. Integration of a precolumn fluorogenic reaction, separation, and detection of reduced glutathione. Anal Chem 2010; 82:7267-73. [PMID: 20698502 PMCID: PMC2932763 DOI: 10.1021/ac101182r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Reduced glutathione (GSH) has been determined by fluorescence detection after derivatization together with a variety of separations. The reactions between GSH and fluorescent reagents usually are carried out during the sample pretreatment and require minutes to hours for complete reactions. For continuous monitoring of GSH, it would be very convenient to have an integrated microdevice that could perform online precolumn derivatization, separation, and detection. Heretofore, thiol-specific fluorogenic reagents require fairly long reaction times, preventing effective online precolumn derivatization. We demonstrate here that the fluorogenic, thiol-specific reagent, ThioGlo-1, reacts rapidly enough for efficient precolumn derivatization. The second order rate constant for the reaction of GSH and reagent (pH 7.5, room temperature) is 2.1 x 10(4) M(-1)s(-1). The microchip integrates this precolumn derivatization, continuous flow gated sampling, separation, and detection on a single device. We have validated this device for monitoring GSH concentration continuously by studying the kinetics of glutathione reductase (EC 1.8.1.7), an enzyme that catalyzes the reduction of oxidized glutathione (GSSG) to GSH in the presence of beta-NADPH (beta-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, reduced form) as a reducing cofactor. During the experiment, GSH being generated in the enzymatic reaction was labeled with ThioGlo-1 as it passed through a mixing channel on the microfluidic chip. Derivatization reaction products were introduced into the analysis channel every 10 s using flow gated injections of 0.1 s. Baseline separation of the internal standard, ThioGlo-1, and the fluorescently labeled GSH was successfully achieved within 4.5 s in a 9 mm separation channel. Relative standard deviations of the peak area, peak height, and full width at half-maximum (fwhm) for the internal standard were 2.5%, 2.0%, and 1.0%, respectively, with migration time reproducibility for the internal standard of less than 0.1% RSD in any experiment. The GSH concentration and mass detection limit were 4.2 nM and approximately 10(-18) mol, respectively. The Michaelis constants (K(m)) for GSSG and beta-NADPH were found to be 40 +/- 11 and 4.4 +/- 0.6 muM, respectively, comparable with those obtained from UV/vis spectrophotometric measurements. These results show that this system is capable of integrating derivatization, injection, separation, and detection for continuous GSH determinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juanfang Wu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260
| | - Jerome P. Ferrance
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904
| | - James P. Landers
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904
| | - Stephen G. Weber
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260
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Yeh KY, Chang JWC, Li YY, Wang CH, Wang HM. Tumor growth inhibition of metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell lines by low dose of arsenic trioxide via alteration of cell cycle progression and induction of apoptosis. Head Neck 2010; 33:734-42. [PMID: 20737493 DOI: 10.1002/hed.21535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/28/2010] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although arsenic trioxide (ATO) has displayed anticancer activity against primary nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), its efficacy in metastatic NPC deserved further investigation because the biological/therapeutic difference in cancer cells probably exists between primary and distant sites. METHODS Two human metastatic NPC cell lines (NPC-BM1 and NPC-BM2) were investigated. We measured cellular proliferation, cell cycle, and apoptotic extent of BM1 and BM2 cells treated with ATO in vitro. Furthermore, we evaluated the tumor growth after ATO treatment in vivo. RESULTS Low-dose ATO treatment is sufficient to induce an antiproliferative effect, alter the cell cycle, and increase apoptosis in BM1 and BM2 cells. BM1 tumor growth in a xenograft model with low-dose and short-schedule (1 mg/kg/day, intraperitoneal injection for 5 consecutive days) of ATO treatment significantly slowed in vivo. CONCLUSION ATO at low dose seems to be an encouraging schedule for palliative treatment of metastatic NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun-Yun Yeh
- Division of Hemato-oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung & Chang Gung University, College of Medicine, Taiwan, Providence of China.
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Ye N, Wang MW, Qin J, Lin B. Microfluidic devices for characterizing the agonist of formyl peptide receptor in RBL-FPR cells. Biomed Microdevices 2010; 12:513-21. [DOI: 10.1007/s10544-010-9408-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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19
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Chen Z, Li Q, Wang X, Wang Z, Zhang R, Yin M, Yin L, Xu K, Tang B. Potent Method for the Simultaneous Determination of Glutathione and Hydrogen Peroxide in Mitochondrial Compartments of Apoptotic Cells with Microchip Electrophoresis-Laser Induced Fluorescence. Anal Chem 2010; 82:2006-12. [DOI: 10.1021/ac902741r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhen Chen
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Engineering Research Center of Pesticide and Medicine Intermediate Clean Production, Ministry of Education, Shandong Normal University, and College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Qingling Li
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Engineering Research Center of Pesticide and Medicine Intermediate Clean Production, Ministry of Education, Shandong Normal University, and College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Xu Wang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Engineering Research Center of Pesticide and Medicine Intermediate Clean Production, Ministry of Education, Shandong Normal University, and College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Zhiyuan Wang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Engineering Research Center of Pesticide and Medicine Intermediate Clean Production, Ministry of Education, Shandong Normal University, and College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Ruirui Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Engineering Research Center of Pesticide and Medicine Intermediate Clean Production, Ministry of Education, Shandong Normal University, and College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Miao Yin
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Engineering Research Center of Pesticide and Medicine Intermediate Clean Production, Ministry of Education, Shandong Normal University, and College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Lingling Yin
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Engineering Research Center of Pesticide and Medicine Intermediate Clean Production, Ministry of Education, Shandong Normal University, and College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Kehua Xu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Engineering Research Center of Pesticide and Medicine Intermediate Clean Production, Ministry of Education, Shandong Normal University, and College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Bo Tang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Engineering Research Center of Pesticide and Medicine Intermediate Clean Production, Ministry of Education, Shandong Normal University, and College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
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21
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Determination of glutathione and glutathione disulfide in biological samples: An in-depth review. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2009; 877:3331-46. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2009.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 197] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2009] [Revised: 06/02/2009] [Accepted: 06/10/2009] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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22
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YIN LL, CHEN ZZ, TONG LL, XU KH, TANG B. Progress on Fluorescent Probes for Thiols. CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2040(08)60117-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Gong X, Li Q, Xu K, Liu X, Li H, Chen Z, Tong L, Tang B, Zhong H. A new route for simple and rapid determination of hydrogen peroxide in RAW264.7 macrophages by microchip electrophoresis. Electrophoresis 2009; 30:1983-90. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.200800635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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24
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Liu X, Li Q, Gong X, Li H, Chen Z, Tong L, Tang B. Rapid determination of superoxide free radical in hepatocellular carcinoma cells by MCE with LIF. Electrophoresis 2009; 30:1077-83. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.200800421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Yu L, Huang H, Dong X, Wu D, Qin J, Lin B. Simple, fast and high-throughput single-cell analysis on PDMS microfluidic chips. Electrophoresis 2009; 29:5055-60. [PMID: 19130590 DOI: 10.1002/elps.200800331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
This paper demonstrated the chemical analysis of single cell on a cross PDMS microfluidic chip in a simple, fast, and high-throughput mode. The pre-stained cells were sequentially loaded into the cross section by hydrodynamic force, lysed by 0.2% SDS and subsequently the lysates were detected by LIF. Each cell can be lysed within 500 ms due to its high concentration of SDS at cross section resulted from the absence of electroosmosis after surface coating in microchannel. The reliability and quality of the analysis was confirmed by analysis of glutathione and rhodamine 123 in single K562 cells. In each run, approximately 100 cells could be analyzed in about 10 min, which demonstrated the comparatively high throughput. The proposed microfluidic method is simple, fast, and high throughput, which might be of significance in identifying the biological molecules involved in fast biochemical processes and studying heterogenous cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linfen Yu
- Department of Biotechnology, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, PR China
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26
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Yin X, Zhu L, Wang M. Intracellular Labeling Methods for Chip-Based Capillary Electrophoresis. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2008. [DOI: 10.1080/10826070802128698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xuefeng Yin
- a Institute of Microanalytical Systems, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Lanlan Zhu
- a Institute of Microanalytical Systems, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Min Wang
- a Institute of Microanalytical Systems, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou, P. R. China
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27
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Casiopeína IIgly induced cytotoxicity to HeLa cells depletes the levels of reduced glutathione and is prevented by dimethyl sulfoxide. Toxicol In Vitro 2008; 22:710-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2007.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2007] [Revised: 10/18/2007] [Accepted: 11/12/2007] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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28
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Wu D, Qin J, Lin B. Electrophoretic separations on microfluidic chips. J Chromatogr A 2008; 1184:542-59. [PMID: 18207148 PMCID: PMC7094303 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2007.11.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2007] [Revised: 11/17/2007] [Accepted: 11/30/2007] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This review presents a brief outline and novel developments of electrophoretic separation in microfluidic chips. Distinct characteristics of microchip electrophoresis (MCE) are discussed first, in which sample injection plug, joule heat, channel turn, surface adsorption and modification are introduced, and some successful strategies and recognized conclusions are also included. Important achievements of microfluidic electrophoresis separation in small molecules, DNA and protein are then summarized. This review is aimed at researchers, who are interested in MCE and want to adopt MCE as a functional unit in their integrated microsystems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jianhua Qin
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Bingcheng Lin
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
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29
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Abstract
The article brings a comprehensive survey of recent developments and applications of high-performance capillary electromigration methods, zone electrophoresis, ITP, IEF, affinity electrophoresis, EKC, and electrochromatography, to analysis, preparation, and physicochemical characterization of peptides. New approaches to the theoretical description and experimental verification of electromigration behavior of peptides and to methodology of their separations, such as sample preparation, adsorption suppression, and detection, are presented. Novel developments in individual CE and CEC modes are shown and several types of their applications to peptide analysis are presented: conventional qualitative and quantitative analysis, purity control, determination in biomatrices, monitoring of chemical and enzymatical reactions and physical changes, amino acid and sequence analysis, and peptide mapping of proteins. Some examples of micropreparative peptide separations are given and capabilities of CE and CEC techniques to provide important physicochemical characteristics of peptides are demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Václav Kasicka
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic.
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30
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Ye N, Qin J, Shi W, Liu X, Lin B. Cell-based high content screening using an integrated microfluidic device. LAB ON A CHIP 2007; 7:1696-704. [PMID: 18030389 DOI: 10.1039/b711513j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
High content screening (HCS) has quickly established itself as a core technique in the early stage of drug discovery for secondary compound screening. It allows several independent cellular parameters to be measured in a single cell or populations of cells in a single assay. In this work, we describe high content screening for the multiparametric measurement of cellular responses in human liver carcinoma (HepG2) cells using an integrated microfluidic device. This device consists of multiple drug gradient generators and parallel cell culture chambers, in which the processes of liquid dilution and diffusion, micro-scale cell culture, cell stimulation and cell labeling can be integrated into a single device. The simple assay provides multiparametric measurements of plasma membrane permeability, nuclear size, mitochondrial transmembrane potential and intracellular redox states in anti-cancer drug-induced apoptosis of HepG2 cells. The established platform is able to rapidly extract the maximum of information from tumor cells in response to several drugs varying in concentration, with minimal sample and less time, which is very useful for basic biomedical research and cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nannan Ye
- Department of Biotechnology, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116023, China
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31
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Gao N, Li L, Shi Z, Zhang X, Jin W. High-throughput determination of glutathione and reactive oxygen species in single cells based on fluorescence images in a microchannel. Electrophoresis 2007; 28:3966-75. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.200700124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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32
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Liu D, Wang L, Zhong R, Li B, Ye N, Liu X, Lin B. Parallel microfluidic networks for studying cellular response to chemical modulation. J Biotechnol 2007; 131:286-92. [PMID: 17706314 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2007.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2007] [Revised: 05/24/2007] [Accepted: 06/06/2007] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
A microfluidic chip featuring parallel gradient-generating networks etched on glass plate was designed and fabricated. The dam and weir structures were fabricated to facilitate cell positioning and seeding, respectively. The microchip contains five gradient generators and 30 cell chambers where the resulted concentration gradients of drugs are delivered to stimulate the on-chip cultured cells. This microfluidics exploits the advantage of lab-on-a-chip technology by integrating the generation of drug concentration gradients and a series of cell operations including seeding, culture, stimulation and staining into a chip. Steady parallel concentration gradients were generated by flowing two fluids in each network. The microchip described above was applied in studying the role of reduced glutathione (GSH) in MCF-7 cells' chemotherapy sensitivity. The parental breast cancer cell line, MCF-7 and the derived adriamycin resistant cell line MCF-7(adm) were treated with concentration gradients of arsenic trioxide (ATO) and N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) for GSH modulation, followed by exposure to adriamycin. The intracellular GSH level and cell viability were assessed by fluorescence image analysis. GSH levels of both cell lines were down-regulated upon ATO treatment and up-regulated upon NAC treatment. For both cell lines, suppression of intracellular GSH by treatment with ATO has been shown to increase chemotherapy sensitivity; conversely, elevation of intracellular GSH by treatment with NAC leads to increased drug resistance. The results indicated that high intracellular GSH level has negative effect on chemotherapy sensitivity, while depletion of cellular GSH may serve as an effective way to improve chemotherapy sensitivity. The integrated microfluidic chip is able to perform multiparametric pharmacological profiling with easy operation, thus, holds great potential for extrapolation to the high-content drug screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dayu Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineer Center, Improve Medical Instrument's Co., Ltd., 510370 Guangzhou, PR China.
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33
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Ye N, Qin J, Liu X, Shi W, Lin B. Characterizing doxorubicin-induced apoptosis in HepG2 cells using an integrated microfluidic device. Electrophoresis 2007; 28:1146-53. [PMID: 17330224 DOI: 10.1002/elps.200600450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Apoptosis has now established its importance in numerous areas of biology and is recently receiving great attention as an important topic related to the development of diseases. In this work, an integrated microfluidic device was developed to characterize doxorubicin-induced apoptosis in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cells. A continuous concentration gradient of stimulator (doxorubicin) was generated in the upstream network and used to perfuse downstream cultured HepG2 cells. The appropriate fluorescent dyes were introduced into cells from the inlets connected to the cell culture chambers, allowing one to distinguish apoptotic cells from nonapoptotic or necrotic cells. The resultant fluorescence of cellular population was monitored and quantified with single-cell resolution to infer the apoptosis process being studied. The feasibility of studying apoptosis was demonstrated by measuring several apoptotic events, including morphological alterations, plasma membrane phosphatidylserine externalization, and mitochondrial membrane potential collapse. This microfluidic device, integrating the cell culture, stimulation, staining, and washing steps into a single device, can simultaneously generate a number of experimental conditions and investigate multiple parameters relating stimulation to apoptosis. It offers a unique platform to characterize various cellular responses in a high-throughput fashion, which is otherwise impossible with conventional methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nannan Ye
- Department of Biotechnology, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, PR China
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34
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Rammouz G, Lacroix M, Garrigues JC, Poinsot V, Couderc F. The use of naphthalene-2,3-dicarboxaldehyde for the analysis of primary amines using high-performance liquid chromatography and capillary electrophoresis. Biomed Chromatogr 2007; 21:1223-39. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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35
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Götz S, Karst U. Recent developments in optical detection methods for microchip separations. Anal Bioanal Chem 2007; 387:183-92. [PMID: 17031620 PMCID: PMC7080113 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-006-0820-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2006] [Revised: 08/18/2006] [Accepted: 08/31/2006] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
This paper summarizes the features and performances of optical detection systems currently applied in order to monitor separations on microchip devices. Fluorescence detection, which delivers very high sensitivity and selectivity, is still the most widely applied method of detection. Instruments utilizing laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) and lamp-based fluorescence along with recent applications of light-emitting diodes (LED) as excitation sources are also covered in this paper. Since chemiluminescence detection can be achieved using extremely simple devices which no longer require light sources and optical components for focusing and collimation, interesting approaches based on this technique are presented, too. Although UV/vis absorbance is a detection method that is commonly used in standard desktop electrophoresis and liquid chromatography instruments, it has not yet reached the same level of popularity for microchip applications. Current applications of UV/vis absorbance detection to microchip separations and innovative approaches that increase sensitivity are described. This article, which contains 85 references, focuses on developments and applications published within the last three years, points out exciting new approaches, and provides future perspectives on this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Götz
- Chemical Analysis Group and MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Uwe Karst
- Chemical Analysis Group and MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
- Present Address: Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstr. 30, 48149 Münster, Germany
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36
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Abstract
The history and current status of research on microfluidics in China is summarized in this review. The recent representative contributions in this field by Chinese scientists are cited. A perspective on some trends in future development of this field in China is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingcheng Lin
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, PR China.
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37
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Huynh BH, Fogarty BA, Nandi P, Lunte SM. A microchip electrophoresis device with on-line microdialysis sampling and on-chip sample derivatization by naphthalene 2,3-dicarboxaldehyde/2-mercaptoethanol for amino acid and peptide analysis. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2006; 42:529-34. [PMID: 16829012 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2006.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2006] [Revised: 05/16/2006] [Accepted: 05/22/2006] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The integration of rapid on-chip sample derivatization employing naphthalene 2,3-dicarboxaldehyde and 2-mercaptoethanol (NDA/2ME) with an easily assembled microdialysis/microchip electrophoresis device was carried out. The microchip device consisted of a glass layer with etched microfluidic channels that was sealed with a layer of poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) via plasma oxidation. This simple sealing procedure alleviated the need for glass thermal bonding and allowed the device to be re-sealed in the event of blockages within the channels. The device was used for analysis of a mixture of amino acids and peptides derivatized on-chip with NDA/2ME for laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) detection. A 0.6 mM NDA/1.2 mM 2ME mixture was simply added into the buffer reservoir for dynamic on-column derivatization of sample mixtures introduced at a flow rate of 1.0 microl/min. Using this scheme, sample injection plugs were derivatized and separated simultaneously. Injections of ca. 12 fmol of 5 mM amino acid and peptide samples were conducted using the system. Finally, a three-component mixture of Arg, Gly-Pro, and Asp was sampled from a vial using microdialysis, derivatized, separated and detected with the system. The ultimate goal of this effort is the creation of a micro-total analysis system for high-temporal resolution monitoring of primary amines in biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryan H Huynh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Kansas, 2095 Constant Avenue, Lawrence, KS 66047, USA
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38
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Kramarenko GG, Wilke WW, Dayal D, Buettner GR, Schafer FQ. Ascorbate enhances the toxicity of the photodynamic action of Verteporfin in HL-60 cells. Free Radic Biol Med 2006; 40:1615-27. [PMID: 16632121 PMCID: PMC2626188 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2005.12.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2005] [Revised: 12/02/2005] [Accepted: 12/23/2005] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
As a reducing agent, ascorbate serves as an antioxidant. However, its reducing function can in some settings initiate an oxidation cascade, i.e., seem to be a "pro-oxidant." This dichotomy also seems to hold when ascorbate is present during photosensitization. Ascorbate can react with singlet oxygen, producing hydrogen peroxide. Thus, if ascorbate is present during photosensitization the formation of highly diffusible hydrogen peroxide could enhance the toxicity of the photodynamic action. On the other hand, ascorbate could decrease toxicity by converting highly reactive singlet oxygen to less reactive hydrogen peroxide, which can be removed via peroxide-removing systems such as glutathione and catalase. To test the influence of ascorbate on photodynamic treatment we incubated leukemia cells (HL-60 and U937) with ascorbate and a photosensitizer (Verteporfin; VP) and examined ascorbic acid monoanion uptake, levels of glutathione, changes in membrane permeability, cell growth, and toxicity. Accumulation of VP was similar in each cell line. Under our experimental conditions, HL-60 cells were found to accumulate less ascorbate and have lower levels of intracellular GSH compared to U937 cells. Without added ascorbate, HL-60 cells were more sensitive to VP and light treatment than U937 cells. When cells were exposed to VP and light, ascorbate acted as an antioxidant in U937 cells, whereas it was a pro-oxidant for HL-60 cells. One possible mechanism to explain these observations is that HL-60 cells express myeloperoxidase activity, whereas in U937 cells it is below the detection limit. Inhibition of myeloperoxidase activity with 4-aminobenzoic acid hydrazide (4-ABAH) had minimal influence on the phototoxicity of VP in HL-60 cells in the absence of ascorbate. However, 4-ABAH decreased the toxicity of ascorbate on HL-60 cells during VP photosensitization, but had no affect on ascorbate toxicity in U937 cells. These data demonstrate that ascorbate increases hydrogen peroxide production by VP and light. This hydrogen peroxide activates myeloperoxidase, producing toxic oxidants. These observations suggest that in some settings, ascorbate may enhance the toxicity of photodynamic action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Galina G. Kramarenko
- Free Radical and Radiation Biology & ESR Facility, EMRB 68, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242-1101
| | - Werner W. Wilke
- Free Radical and Radiation Biology & ESR Facility, EMRB 68, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242-1101
| | - Disha Dayal
- Free Radical and Radiation Biology & ESR Facility, EMRB 68, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242-1101
| | - Garry R. Buettner
- Free Radical and Radiation Biology & ESR Facility, EMRB 68, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242-1101
| | - Freya Q. Schafer
- Free Radical and Radiation Biology & ESR Facility, EMRB 68, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242-1101
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39
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Development of a fluorescence-based microtiter plate method for the measurement of glutathione in yeast. Talanta 2006; 70:876-82. [PMID: 18970853 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2006.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2005] [Revised: 01/04/2006] [Accepted: 02/07/2006] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The present work was aimed to the development of a fluorescence assay using the universal 96-well microplate format, for the measurement of reduced glutathione (GSH) in yeast cells. The method relies upon the reaction between GSH and a highly selective fluorogenic probe, i.e. naphthalene-2,3-dicarboxaldehyde (NDA). The optimization of the method included the extraction step of GSH from cultured yeast cells in a cold perchloric acid solution, derivatization conditions (10-min reaction at pH 8.6 and at 20+/-2 degrees C in darkness) and stability studies of the resulting fluorescent adduct. Full selectivity was observed versus other endogenous thiols (except for gamma-glutamylcysteine), glutathione disulfide (GSSG) and enzymatic reducing reagents of GSSG. Linearity was verified in the range 0.3-6.5muM (R(2)>0.98) and limits of quantification and detection were 0.3 and 0.05muM, respectively. Relative standard deviation corresponding to repeatability (n=3) and inter-day precision (n=5) were 2.8 and 6.1%, respectively. Mean GSH recovery from cell extracts was 95%. The method appeared highly correlated (R(2)=0.96) with a previously reported HPLC method. The method was then applied to the monitoring of GSH in the yeast strain Kluyveromyces lactis during its growth period and in the presence of an inhibitor of GSH biosynthesis. The method presents the main advantage of a high throughput for the measurement of biological samples. The extent of the method to the study of the redox couple GSSG/GSH by including an enzymatic reduction step and the enhancement of the fluorescence signal using cyclodextrins were discussed.
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40
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Shen Z, Liu X, Long Z, Liu D, Ye N, Qin J, Dai Z, Lin B. Parallel analysis of biomolecules on a microfabricated capillary array chip. Electrophoresis 2006; 27:1084-92. [PMID: 16470779 DOI: 10.1002/elps.200500689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
This paper focused on a self-developed microfluidic array system with microfabricated capillary array electrophoresis (mu-CAE) chip for parallel chip electrophoresis of biomolecules. The microfluidic array layout consists of two common reservoirs coupled to four separation channels connected to sample injection channel on the soda-lime glass substrate. The excitation scheme for distributing a 20 mW laser beam to separation channels in an array is achieved. Under the control of program, the sample injection and separation in multichannel can be achieved through six high-voltage modules' output. A CCD camera was used to monitor electrophoretic separations simultaneously in four channels with LIF detection, and the electropherograms can be plotted directly without reconstruction by additional software. Parallel multichannel electrophoresis of series biomolecules including amino acids, proteins, and nucleic acids was performed on this system and the results showed fine reproducibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Shen
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, P. R. China
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41
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Ling YY, Yin XF, Fang ZL. Simultaneous determination of glutathione and reactive oxygen species in individual cells by microchip electrophoresis. Electrophoresis 2005; 26:4759-66. [PMID: 16278919 DOI: 10.1002/elps.200500232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
A microchip electrophoresis method was developed for simultaneous determination of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reduced glutathione (GSH) in the individual erythrocyte cell. In this method, cell sampling, single-cell loading, docking, lysing, and capillary electrophoretic separation with LIF detection were integrated on a microfluidic chip with crossed channels. ROS was labeled with dihydrorhodamine 123 in the intact cell, while GSH was on-chip labeled with 2,3-naphthalene-dicarboxaldehyde, which was included in the separation medium. On-chip electrical lysis, characterized by extremely fast disruption of the cellular membrane (<40 ms), was exploited to minimize enzymatic effects on analyte concentrations during the determination. The microfluidic network was optimized to prevent cell leaking from the sample reservoir (S) into separation during the separation phase. The structure of the S was modified to avoid blockage of its outlet by deposited cells. Detection limits of 0.5 and 6.9 amol for ROS and GSH, respectively, were achieved. The average cell throughput was 25 cells/h. The effectiveness of the method was demonstrated in the simultaneous determination of GSH and ROS in individual cells and the variations of cellular GSH and ROS contents in response to external stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Yang Ling
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Microanalytical Systems, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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42
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Abstract
Chiral separations of FITC-labeled basic drugs on multichannel microfluidic chips with LIF detector were investigated. A preliminary screening procedure for seven neutral CDs was performed under optimized conditions for chiral separations of three FITC-labeled drugs (baclofen, norfenefrine, and tocainide) on a mono-channel microfluidic chip. According to the results of screening, FITC-baclofen and FITC-norfenefrine as well as two chiral selectors including gamma-CD and dimethyl-beta-CD (DM-beta-CD) were selected as models to perform chiral separations on a two-channel chip. FITC-baclofen enantiomers were separated completely by gamma-CD in one channel, while resolution of FITC-norfenefrine enantiomers was achieved by DM-beta-CD in the other channel in the same run. Furthermore, the feasibility of using one chiral selector to separate multiple chiral samples was studied on a four-channel chip. These results show that multichannel chip has a potential for chiral high-throughput screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Gao
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, P. R. China
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43
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Abstract
Apoptosis is the outcome of a metabolic cascade that results in cell death in a controlled manner. Due to its important role in maintaining balance in organisms, in mechanisms of diseases, and tissue homeostasis, apoptosis is of great interest in the emerging fields of systems biology. Research into cell death regulation and efforts to model apoptosis processes have become powerful drivers for new technologies to acquire ever more comprehensive information from cells and cell populations. The microfluidic technology promises to integrate and miniaturize many bioanalytical processes, which offers an alternative platform for the analysis of apoptosis. This review aims to highlight the recent developments of microfluidic devices in measuring the hallmarks as well as the dynamic process of cellular apoptosis. The potential capability and an outlook of microfluidic devices for the study of apoptosis are addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhua Qin
- Department of Biotechnology, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, China
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