1
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Suzuki R, Shirataki Y, Tomomura A, Bandow K, Sakagami H, Tomomura M. Isolation of Pro-Osteogenic Compounds from Euptelea polyandra That Reciprocally Regulate Osteoblast and Osteoclast Differentiation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17479. [PMID: 38139307 PMCID: PMC10743613 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Plants contain a large number of small-molecule compounds that are useful for targeting human health and in drug discovery. Healthy bone metabolism depends on the balance between bone-forming osteoblast activity and bone-resorbing osteoclast activity. In an ongoing study searching for 22 plant extracts effective against osteoporosis, we found that the crude extract of Euptelea polyandra Sieb. et Zucc (E. polyandra) had osteogenic bioactivity. In this study, we isolated two compounds, isoquercitrin (1) and astragalin (2), responsible for osteogenic bioactivity in osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells from the leaf of E. polyandra using column chromatography and the spectroscopic technique. This is the first report to isolate astragalin from E. polyandra. Compounds (1) and (2) promoted osteoblast differentiation by increasing alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and alizarin red S stain-positive calcium deposition, while simultaneously suppressing tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP)-positive osteoclast differentiation in RAW264.7 cells at non-cytotoxic concentrations. Isoquercitrin (1) and astragalin (2) increased the expression of osteoblastic differentiation genes, Osterix, ALP, and Osteoprotegerin in the MC3T3-E1 cells, while suppressing osteoclast differentiation genes, TRAP, Cathepsin K, and MMP 9 in the RAW264.7 cells. These compounds may be ideal targets for the treatment of osteoporosis due to their dual function of promoting bone formation and inhibiting bone resorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryuichiro Suzuki
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, 1-1 Keyakidai, Sakado 350-0295, Saitama, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Shirataki
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, 1-1 Keyakidai, Sakado 350-0295, Saitama, Japan
| | - Akito Tomomura
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Oral Biology & Tissue Engineering, Meikai University School of Dentistry, Sakado 350-0283, Saitama, Japan (K.B.)
| | - Kenjiro Bandow
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Oral Biology & Tissue Engineering, Meikai University School of Dentistry, Sakado 350-0283, Saitama, Japan (K.B.)
| | - Hiroshi Sakagami
- Meikai University Research Institute of Odontology (M-RIO), Sakado 350-0283, Saitama, Japan;
| | - Mineko Tomomura
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, 1-1 Keyakidai, Sakado 350-0295, Saitama, Japan
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Oral Biology & Tissue Engineering, Meikai University School of Dentistry, Sakado 350-0283, Saitama, Japan (K.B.)
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2
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Patel J, Chen S, Katzmeyer T, Pei YA, Pei M. Sex-dependent variation in cartilage adaptation: from degeneration to regeneration. Biol Sex Differ 2023; 14:17. [PMID: 37024929 PMCID: PMC10077643 DOI: 10.1186/s13293-023-00500-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite acknowledgement in the scientific community of sex-based differences in cartilage biology, the implications for study design remain unclear, with many studies continuing to arbitrarily assign demographics. Clinically, it has been well-established that males and females differ in cartilage degeneration, and accumulating evidence points to the importance of sex differences in the field of cartilage repair. However, a comprehensive review of the mechanisms behind this trend and the influence of sex on cartilage regeneration has not yet been presented. This paper aims to summarize current findings regarding sex-dependent variation in knee anatomy, sex hormones' effect on cartilage, and cartilaginous degeneration and regeneration, with a focus on stem cell therapies. Findings suggest that the stem cells themselves, as well as their surrounding microenvironment, contribute to sex-based differences. Accordingly, this paper underscores the contribution of both stem cell donor and recipient sex to sex-related differences in treatment efficacy. Cartilage regeneration is a field that needs more research to optimize strategies for better clinical results; taking sex into account could be a big factor in developing more effective and personalized treatments. The compilation of this information emphasizes the importance of investing further research in sex differences in cartilage biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jhanvee Patel
- Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics, West Virginia University, 64 Medical Center Drive, PO Box 9196, Morgantown, WV, 26506-9196, USA
| | - Song Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, 610083, Sichuan, China
| | - Torey Katzmeyer
- Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics, West Virginia University, 64 Medical Center Drive, PO Box 9196, Morgantown, WV, 26506-9196, USA
| | - Yixuan Amy Pei
- Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics, West Virginia University, 64 Medical Center Drive, PO Box 9196, Morgantown, WV, 26506-9196, USA
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Ming Pei
- Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics, West Virginia University, 64 Medical Center Drive, PO Box 9196, Morgantown, WV, 26506-9196, USA.
- WVU Cancer Institute, Robert C. Byrd Health Sciences Center, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA.
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3
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Brindisi M, Frattaruolo L, Fiorillo M, Dolce V, Sotgia F, Lisanti MP, Cappello AR. New insights into cholesterol-mediated ERRα activation in breast cancer progression and pro-tumoral microenvironment orchestration. FEBS J 2023; 290:1481-1501. [PMID: 36237175 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer remains the greatest cause of cancer-related death in women worldwide. Its aggressiveness and progression derive from intricate processes that occur simultaneously both within the tumour itself and in the neighbouring cells that make up its microenvironment. The aim of the present work was firstly to study how elevated cholesterol levels increase tumour aggressiveness. Herein, we demonstrate that cholesterol, by activating ERRα pathway, promotes epithelium-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in breast cancer cells (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231) as well as the release of pro-inflammatory factors able to orchestrate the tumour microenvironment. A further objective of this work was to study the close symbiosis between tumour cells and the microenvironment. Our results allow us to highlight, for the first time, that breast cancer cells exposed to high cholesterol levels promote (a) greater macrophages infiltration with induction of an M2 phenotype, (b) angiogenesis and endothelial branching, as well as (c) a cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) phenotype. The effects observed could be due to direct activation of the ERRα pathway by high cholesterol levels, since the simultaneous inhibition of this pathway subverts such effects. Overall, these findings enable us to identify the cholesterol-ERRα synergy as an interesting target for breast cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Brindisi
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
- Cell Adhesion Unit, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Frattaruolo
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
| | - Marco Fiorillo
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
- Translational Medicine, School of Science, Engineering and the Environment (SEE), University of Salford, Greater Manchester, UK
| | - Vincenza Dolce
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
| | - Federica Sotgia
- Translational Medicine, School of Science, Engineering and the Environment (SEE), University of Salford, Greater Manchester, UK
| | - Michael P Lisanti
- Translational Medicine, School of Science, Engineering and the Environment (SEE), University of Salford, Greater Manchester, UK
| | - Anna Rita Cappello
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
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4
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Feng C, Xu Z, Tang X, Cao H, Zhang G, Tan J. Estrogen-Related Receptor α: A Significant Regulator and Promising Target in Bone Homeostasis and Bone Metastasis. Molecules 2022; 27:3976. [PMID: 35807221 PMCID: PMC9268386 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27133976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Revised: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone homeostasis is maintained with the balance between bone formation and bone resorption, which is involved in the functional performance of osteoblast and osteoclast. Disruption of this equilibrium usually causes bone disorders including osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, and osteosclerosis. In addition, aberrant activity of bone also contributes to the bone metastasis that frequently occurs in the late stage of aggressive cancers. Orphan nuclear receptor estrogen-related receptor (ERRα) has been demonstrated to control the bone cell fate and the progression of tumor cells in bone through crosstalk with various molecules and signaling pathways. However, the defined function of this receptor in bone is inconsistent and controversial. Therefore, we summarized the latest research and conducted an overview to reveal the regulatory effect of ERRα on bone homeostasis and bone metastasis, this review may broaden the present understanding of the cellular and molecular model of ERRα and highlight its potential implication in clinical therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Feng
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong Technology Innovation Center of Molecular Targeting and Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, China; (C.F.); (Z.X.)
| | - Zhaowei Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong Technology Innovation Center of Molecular Targeting and Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, China; (C.F.); (Z.X.)
| | - Xiaojie Tang
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264100, China; (X.T.); (H.C.)
| | - Haifei Cao
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264100, China; (X.T.); (H.C.)
| | - Guilong Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong Technology Innovation Center of Molecular Targeting and Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, China; (C.F.); (Z.X.)
| | - Jiangwei Tan
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264100, China; (X.T.); (H.C.)
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5
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Marie JC, Bonnelye E. Effects of Estrogens on Osteoimmunology: A Role in Bone Metastasis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:899104. [PMID: 35677054 PMCID: PMC9168268 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.899104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone loss associated with estrogen deficiency indicates a fundamental role of these hormones in skeletal growth and bone remodeling. In the last decades, growing recent evidence demonstrated that estrogens can also affect the immune compartment of the bone. In this review, we summarize the impacts of estrogens on bone immune cells and their consequences on bone homeostasis, metastasis settlement into the bone and tumor progression. We also addressed the role of an orphan nuclear receptor ERRalpha (“Estrogen-receptor Related Receptor alpha”) on macrophages and T lymphocytes, and as an immunomodulator in bone metastases. Hence, this review links estrogens to bone immune cells in osteo-oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien C Marie
- Cancer Research Center of Lyon (CRCL), Tumor Escape Resistance Immunity Department, INSERM-1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Edith Bonnelye
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR9020-UMR1277-Canther-Cancer Heterogeneity, Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, Lille, France
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6
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Fehsel K, Christl J. Comorbidity of osteoporosis and Alzheimer's disease: Is `AKT `-ing on cellular glucose uptake the missing link? Ageing Res Rev 2022; 76:101592. [PMID: 35192961 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2022.101592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Osteoporosis and Alzheimer's disease (AD) are both degenerative diseases. Osteoporosis often proceeds cognitive deficits, and multiple studies have revealed common triggers that lead to energy deficits in brain and bone. Risk factors for osteoporosis and AD, such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, aging, chemotherapy, vitamin deficiency, alcohol abuse, and apolipoprotein Eε4 and/or Il-6 gene variants, reduce cellular glucose uptake, and protective factors, such as estrogen, insulin, exercise, mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitors, hydrogen sulfide, and most phytochemicals, increase uptake. Glucose uptake is a fine-tuned process that depends on an abundance of glucose transporters (Gluts) on the cell surface. Gluts are stored in vesicles under the plasma membrane, and protective factors cause these vesicles to fuse with the membrane, resulting in presentation of Gluts on the cell surface. This translocation depends mainly on AKT kinase signaling and can be affected by a range of factors. Reduced AKT kinase signaling results in intracellular glucose deprivation, which causes endoplasmic reticulum stress and iron depletion, leading to activation of HIF-1α, the transcription factor necessary for higher Glut expression. The link between diseases and aging is a topic of growing interest. Here, we show that diseases that affect the same biochemical pathways tend to co-occur, which may explain why osteoporosis and/or diabetes are often associated with AD.
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7
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Ye J, Xiao J, Wang J, Ma Y, Zhang Y, Zhang Q, Zhang Z, Yin H. The Interaction Between Intracellular Energy Metabolism and Signaling Pathways During Osteogenesis. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 8:807487. [PMID: 35155568 PMCID: PMC8832142 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.807487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoblasts primarily mediate bone formation, maintain bone structure, and regulate bone mineralization, which plays an important role in bone remodeling. In the past decades, the roles of cytokines, signaling proteins, and transcription factors in osteoblasts have been widely studied. However, whether the energy metabolism of cells can be regulated by these factors to affect the differentiation and functioning of osteoblasts has not been explored in depth. In addition, the signaling and energy metabolism pathways are not independent but closely connected. Although energy metabolism is mediated by signaling pathways, some intermediates of energy metabolism can participate in protein post-translational modification. The content of intermediates, such as acetyl coenzyme A (acetyl CoA) and uridine diphosphate N-acetylglucosamine (UDP-N-acetylglucosamine), determines the degree of acetylation and glycosylation in terms of the availability of energy-producing substrates. The utilization of intracellular metabolic resources and cell survival, proliferation, and differentiation are all related to the integration of metabolic and signaling pathways. In this paper, the interaction between the energy metabolism pathway and osteogenic signaling pathway in osteoblasts and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiapeng Ye
- Wuxi TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jirimutu Xiao
- Mongolian Medicine College, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - Jianwei Wang
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Wuxi TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Wuxi, China
- *Correspondence: Jianwei Wang, ; Heng Yin,
| | - Yong Ma
- Wuxi TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yafeng Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Wuxi TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Wuxi, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Wuxi TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Zongrui Zhang
- Wuxi TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Heng Yin
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Wuxi TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Wuxi, China
- *Correspondence: Jianwei Wang, ; Heng Yin,
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8
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Tang J, Liu T, Wen X, Zhou Z, Yan J, Gao J, Zuo J. Estrogen-related receptors: novel potential regulators of osteoarthritis pathogenesis. Mol Med 2021; 27:5. [PMID: 33446092 PMCID: PMC7809777 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-021-00270-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic inflammatory disease that is associated with articular cartilage destruction, subchondral bone alterations, synovitis, and even joint deformity and the loss of joint function. Although current basic research on the pathogenesis of OA has made remarkable progress, our understanding of this disease still needs to be further improved. Recent studies have shown that the estrogen-related receptor (ERR) family members ERRα and ERRγ may play significant roles in the pathogenesis of OA. In this review, we refer to the latest research on ERRs and the pathogenesis of OA, elucidate the structure and physiopathological functions of the ERR orphan nuclear receptor family, and systematically examine the relationship between ERRs and OA at the molecular level. Moreover, we also discuss and predict the capacity of ERRs as potential targets in the clinical treatment of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinshuo Tang
- Department of Orthopeadics, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, Jilin, China
| | - Tong Liu
- Department of Orthopeadics, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, Jilin, China
| | - Xinggui Wen
- Department of Hand Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, Jilin, China
| | - Zhongsheng Zhou
- Department of Orthopeadics, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, Jilin, China
| | - Jingtong Yan
- Department of Orthopeadics, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, Jilin, China
| | - Jianpeng Gao
- Department of Orthopeadics, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, Jilin, China
| | - Jianlin Zuo
- Department of Orthopeadics, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, Jilin, China.
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9
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Zheng ZG, Cheng HM, Zhou YP, Zhu ST, Thu PM, Li HJ, Li P, Xu X. Dual targeting of SREBP2 and ERRα by carnosic acid suppresses RANKL-mediated osteoclastogenesis and prevents ovariectomy-induced bone loss. Cell Death Differ 2020; 27:2048-2065. [PMID: 31907393 PMCID: PMC7308277 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-019-0484-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Revised: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis develops because of impaired bone formation and/or excessive bone resorption. Several pharmacological treatment of osteoporosis has been developed; however, new treatments are still necessary. Cholesterol and estrogen receptor-related receptor alpha (ERRα) promote osteoclasts formation, survival, and cellular fusion and thus become high risk factors of osteoporosis. In this study, we identified that carnosic acid (CA) suppressed bone loss by dual-targeting of sterol regulatory element-binding protein 2 (SREBP2, a major regulator that regulates cholesterol synthesis) and ERRα. Mechanistically, CA reduced nuclear localization of mature SREBP2 and suppressed de novo biogenesis of cholesterol. CA subsequently decreased the interaction between ERRα and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-beta (PGC1β), resulting in decreased the transcription activity of ERRα and its target genes expression. Meanwhile, CA directly bound to the ligand-binding domain of ERRα and significantly promoted its ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation. Subsequently, STUB1 was identified as the E3 ligase of ERRα. The lysine residues (K51 and K68) are essential for ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of ERRα by CA. In conclusion, CA dually targets SREBP2 and ERRα, thus inhibits the RANKL-induced osteoclast formation and improves OVX-induced bone loss. CA may serve as a lead compound for pharmacological control of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zu-Guo Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 210009, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hui-Min Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 210009, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ya-Ping Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 210009, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Si-Tong Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 210009, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Pyone Myat Thu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 210009, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hui-Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 210009, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 210009, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Xiaojun Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 210009, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, China Pharmaceutical University, 210009, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
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10
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Tripathi M, Yen PM, Singh BK. Estrogen-Related Receptor Alpha: An Under-Appreciated Potential Target for the Treatment of Metabolic Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E1645. [PMID: 32121253 PMCID: PMC7084735 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21051645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The estrogen-related receptor alpha (ESRRA) is an orphan nuclear receptor (NR) that significantly influences cellular metabolism. ESRRA is predominantly expressed in metabolically-active tissues and regulates the transcription of metabolic genes, including those involved in mitochondrial turnover and autophagy. Although ESRRA activity is well-characterized in several types of cancer, recent reports suggest that it also has an important role in metabolic diseases. This minireview focuses on the regulation of cellular metabolism and function by ESRRA and its potential as a target for the treatment of metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Brijesh Kumar Singh
- Laboratory of Hormonal Regulation, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore; (M.T.); (P.M.Y.)
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11
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Glutamine Metabolism Is Essential for Stemness of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Bone Homeostasis. Stem Cells Int 2019; 2019:8928934. [PMID: 31611919 PMCID: PMC6757285 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8928934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Skeleton has emerged as an endocrine organ which is both capable of regulating energy metabolism and being a target for it. Glutamine is the most bountiful and flexible amino acid in the body which provides adenosine 5′-triphosphate (ATP) demands for cells. Emerging evidences support that glutamine which acts as the second metabolic regulator after glucose exerts crucial roles in bone homeostasis at cellular level, including the lineage allocation and proliferation of bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), the matrix mineralization of osteoblasts, and the biosynthesis in chondrocytes. The integrated mechanism consisting of WNT, mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), and reactive oxygen species (ROS) signaling pathway in a glutamine-dependent pattern is responsible to regulate the complex intrinsic biological process, despite more extensive molecules are deserved to be elucidated in glutamine metabolism further. Indeed, dysfunctional glutamine metabolism enhances the development of degenerative bone diseases, such as osteoporosis and osteoarthritis, and glutamine or glutamine progenitor supplementation can partially restore bone defects which may promote treatment of bone diseases, although the mechanisms are not quite clear. In this review, we will summarize and update the latest research findings and clinical trials on the crucial regulatory roles of glutamine metabolism in BMSCs and BMSC-derived bone cells, also followed with the osteoclasts which are important in bone resorption.
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12
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Vargas G, Bouchet M, Bouazza L, Reboul P, Boyault C, Gervais M, Kan C, Benetollo C, Brevet M, Croset M, Mazel M, Cayrefourcq L, Geraci S, Vacher S, Pantano F, Filipits M, Driouch K, Bieche I, Gnant M, Jacot W, Aubin JE, Duterque-Coquillaud M, Alix-Panabières C, Clézardin P, Bonnelye E. ERRα promotes breast cancer cell dissemination to bone by increasing RANK expression in primary breast tumors. Oncogene 2019; 38:950-964. [PMID: 30478447 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-018-0579-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Bone is the most common metastatic site for breast cancer. Estrogen-related-receptor alpha (ERRα) has been implicated in cancer cell invasiveness. Here, we established that ERRα promotes spontaneous metastatic dissemination of breast cancer cells from primary mammary tumors to the skeleton. We carried out cohort studies, pharmacological inhibition, gain-of-function analyses in vivo and cellular and molecular studies in vitro to identify new biomarkers in breast cancer metastases. Meta-analysis of human primary breast tumors revealed that high ERRα expression levels were associated with bone but not lung metastases. ERRα expression was also detected in circulating tumor cells from metastatic breast cancer patients. ERRα overexpression in murine 4T1 breast cancer cells promoted spontaneous bone micro-metastases formation when tumor cells were inoculated orthotopically, whereas lung metastases occurred irrespective of ERRα expression level. In vivo, Rank was identified as a target for ERRα. That was confirmed in vitro in Rankl stimulated tumor cell invasion, in mTOR/pS6K phosphorylation, by transactivation assay, ChIP and bioinformatics analyses. Moreover, pharmacological inhibition of ERRα reduced primary tumor growth, bone micro-metastases formation and Rank expression in vitro and in vivo. Transcriptomic studies and meta-analysis confirmed a positive association between metastases and ERRα/RANK in breast cancer patients and also revealed a positive correlation between ERRα and BRCA1mut carriers. Taken together, our results reveal a novel ERRα/RANK axis by which ERRα in primary breast cancer promotes early dissemination of cancer cells to bone. These findings suggest that ERRα may be a useful therapeutic target to prevent bone metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Vargas
- INSERM-UMR1033, Lyon, France
- University of Lyon1, Lyon, France
| | - M Bouchet
- INSERM-UMR1033, Lyon, France
- University of Lyon1, Lyon, France
- IGFL, Lyon, France
| | - L Bouazza
- INSERM-UMR1033, Lyon, France
- University of Lyon1, Lyon, France
| | - P Reboul
- UMR7365-CNRS-Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | - C Boyault
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble, France
| | - M Gervais
- INSERM-UMR1033, Lyon, France
- University of Lyon1, Lyon, France
| | - C Kan
- INSERM-UMR1033, Lyon, France
- University of Lyon1, Lyon, France
- Center for Cancer Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - C Benetollo
- University of Lyon1, Lyon, France
- INSERM-U1028-CNRS-UMR5292, Lyon, France
| | - M Brevet
- INSERM-UMR1033, Lyon, France
- Centre de Biologie et de Pathologie Est, Bron, France
| | - M Croset
- INSERM-UMR1033, Lyon, France
- University of Lyon1, Lyon, France
| | - M Mazel
- EA2415-Institut Universitaire de Recherche Clinique, Montpellier, France
| | - L Cayrefourcq
- EA2415-Institut Universitaire de Recherche Clinique, Montpellier, France
| | - S Geraci
- INSERM-UMR1033, Lyon, France
- University of Lyon1, Lyon, France
| | - S Vacher
- Department of Genetics, Institut-Curie, Paris, France
| | - F Pantano
- University-Campus-Bio-Medico, Rome, 00128, Italy
| | - M Filipits
- Department of Surgery and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical-University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - K Driouch
- Department of Genetics, Institut-Curie, Paris, France
| | - I Bieche
- Department of Genetics, Institut-Curie, Paris, France
| | - M Gnant
- Department of Surgery and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical-University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - W Jacot
- Montpellier Cancer Institute, Montpellier, France
| | - J E Aubin
- University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | | | - C Alix-Panabières
- EA2415-Institut Universitaire de Recherche Clinique, Montpellier, France
| | - P Clézardin
- INSERM-UMR1033, Lyon, France
- University of Lyon1, Lyon, France
| | - E Bonnelye
- INSERM-UMR1033, Lyon, France.
- University of Lyon1, Lyon, France.
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13
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Kim H, Kim BK, Ohk B, Yoon H, Kang WY, Cho S, Seong SJ, Lee HW, Yoon Y. Estrogen‐related receptor γ negatively regulates osteoclastogenesis and protects against inflammatory bone loss. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:1659-1670. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hyun‐Ju Kim
- Department of Molecular Medicine Cell and Matrix Research Institute, BK21 Plus KNU Biomedical Convergence Program, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University Daegu Republic of Korea
- Clinical Trial Center, Kyungpook National University Hospital Daegu Republic of Korea
| | - Bo Kyung Kim
- Department of Molecular Medicine Cell and Matrix Research Institute, BK21 Plus KNU Biomedical Convergence Program, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University Daegu Republic of Korea
- Clinical Trial Center, Kyungpook National University Hospital Daegu Republic of Korea
| | - Boram Ohk
- Department of Molecular Medicine Cell and Matrix Research Institute, BK21 Plus KNU Biomedical Convergence Program, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University Daegu Republic of Korea
- Clinical Trial Center, Kyungpook National University Hospital Daegu Republic of Korea
| | - Hye‐Jin Yoon
- Clinical Trial Center, Kyungpook National University Hospital Daegu Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Youl Kang
- Clinical Trial Center, Kyungpook National University Hospital Daegu Republic of Korea
| | - Seungil Cho
- Clinical Trial Center, Kyungpook National University Hospital Daegu Republic of Korea
| | - Sook Jin Seong
- Clinical Trial Center, Kyungpook National University Hospital Daegu Republic of Korea
| | - Hae Won Lee
- Clinical Trial Center, Kyungpook National University Hospital Daegu Republic of Korea
| | - Young‐Ran Yoon
- Department of Molecular Medicine Cell and Matrix Research Institute, BK21 Plus KNU Biomedical Convergence Program, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University Daegu Republic of Korea
- Clinical Trial Center, Kyungpook National University Hospital Daegu Republic of Korea
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14
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Casaburi I, Chimento A, De Luca A, Nocito M, Sculco S, Avena P, Trotta F, Rago V, Sirianni R, Pezzi V. Cholesterol as an Endogenous ERRα Agonist: A New Perspective to Cancer Treatment. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018; 9:525. [PMID: 30254608 PMCID: PMC6141749 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The estrogen-related receptors (ERRs) are important members of nuclear receptors which contain three isoforms (α, β, and γ). ERRα is the best-characterized isoform expressed mainly in high-energy demanding tissues where it preferentially works in association with the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ co-activator 1α (PGC-1α) and PGC-1β. ERRα together with its cofactors modulates cellular metabolism, supports the growth of rapidly dividing cells, directs metabolic programs required for cell differentiation and maintains cellular energy homeostasis in differentiated cells. In cancer cells, the functional association between ERRα and PGC-1s is further influenced by oncogenic signals and induces metabolic programs favoring cell growth and proliferation as well as tumor progression. Recently, cholesterol has been identified as a natural ERRα ligand using a combined biochemical strategy. This new finding highlighted some important physiological aspects related to the use of cholesterol-lowering drugs such as statins and bisphosphonates. Even more meaningful is the link between increased cholesterol levels and certain cancer phenotypes characterized by an overexpressed ERRα such as mammary, prostatic, and colorectal cancers, where the metabolic adaptation affects many cancer processes. Moreover, high-energy demanding cancer-related processes are strictly related to the cross-talk between tumor cells and some key players of tumor microenvironment, such as tumor-associated macrophage that fuels cancer progression. Some evidence suggests that high cholesterol content and ERRα activity favor the inflammatory environment by the production of different cytokines. In this review, starting from the most recent observations on the physiological role of the new signaling activated by the natural ligand of ERRα, we propose a new hypothesis on the suitability to control cholesterol levels as a chance in modulating ERRα activity in those tumors in which its expression and activity are increased.
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15
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Son YO, Park S, Kwak JS, Won Y, Choi WS, Rhee J, Chun CH, Ryu JH, Kim DK, Choi HS, Chun JS. Estrogen-related receptor γ causes osteoarthritis by upregulating extracellular matrix-degrading enzymes. Nat Commun 2017; 8:2133. [PMID: 29247173 PMCID: PMC5732273 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-01868-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 10/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The estrogen-related receptor (ERR) family of orphan nuclear receptor is composed of ERRα, ERRβ, and ERRγ, which are known to regulate various isoform-specific functions under normal and pathophysiological conditions. Here, we investigate the involvement of ERRs in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis (OA) in mice. Among ERR family members, ERRγ is markedly upregulated in cartilage from human OA patients and various mouse models of OA. Adenovirus-mediated overexpression of ERRγ in mouse knee joint or transgenic expression of ERRγ in cartilage leads to OA. ERRγ overexpression in chondrocytes directly upregulates matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-3 and MMP13, which are known to play crucial roles in cartilage destruction in OA. In contrast, genetic ablation of Esrrg or shRNA-mediated downregulation of Esrrg in joint tissues abrogates experimental OA in mice. Our results collectively indicate that ERRγ is a novel catabolic regulator of OA pathogenesis. The pathogenesis of osteoarthritis is unclear. The authors show that estrogen-related receptor gamma is upregulated in cartilage from patients and mouse models, where it drives production of matrix-degrading MMPs in chondrocytes, and that its downregulation ameliorates pathology in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Ok Son
- National Creative Research Initiatives Center for Osteoarthritis Pathogenesis and School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Seulki Park
- National Creative Research Initiatives Center for Osteoarthritis Pathogenesis and School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Sun Kwak
- National Creative Research Initiatives Center for Osteoarthritis Pathogenesis and School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoonkyung Won
- National Creative Research Initiatives Center for Osteoarthritis Pathogenesis and School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Wan-Su Choi
- National Creative Research Initiatives Center for Osteoarthritis Pathogenesis and School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinseol Rhee
- National Creative Research Initiatives Center for Osteoarthritis Pathogenesis and School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Churl-Hong Chun
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Iksan, 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - Je-Hwang Ryu
- Research Center for Biomineralization Disorders, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Don-Kyu Kim
- National Creative Research Initiatives Center for Nuclear Receptor Signals and School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Hueng-Sik Choi
- National Creative Research Initiatives Center for Nuclear Receptor Signals and School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Jang-Soo Chun
- National Creative Research Initiatives Center for Osteoarthritis Pathogenesis and School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea.
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16
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Bae S, Lee MJ, Mun SH, Giannopoulou EG, Yong-Gonzalez V, Cross JR, Murata K, Giguère V, van der Meulen M, Park-Min KH. MYC-dependent oxidative metabolism regulates osteoclastogenesis via nuclear receptor ERRα. J Clin Invest 2017; 127:2555-2568. [PMID: 28530645 PMCID: PMC5490751 DOI: 10.1172/jci89935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2016] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a metabolic bone disorder associated with compromised bone strength and an increased risk of fracture. Inhibition of the differentiation of bone-resorbing osteoclasts is an effective strategy for the treatment of osteoporosis. Prior work by our laboratory and others has shown that MYC promotes osteoclastogenesis in vitro, but the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. In addition, the in vivo importance of osteoclast-expressed MYC in physiological and pathological bone loss is not known. Here, we have demonstrated that deletion of Myc in osteoclasts increases bone mass and protects mice from ovariectomy-induced (OVX-induced) osteoporosis. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that MYC drives metabolic reprogramming during osteoclast differentiation and functions as a metabolic switch to an oxidative state. We identified a role for MYC action in the transcriptional induction of estrogen receptor-related receptor α (ERRα), a nuclear receptor that cooperates with the transcription factor nuclear factor of activated T cells, c1 (NFATc1) to drive osteoclastogenesis. Accordingly, pharmacological inhibition of ERRα attenuated OVX-induced bone loss in mice. Our findings highlight a MYC/ERRα pathway that contributes to physiological and pathological bone loss by integrating the MYC/ERRα axis to drive metabolic reprogramming during osteoclast differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyeon Bae
- Arthritis and Tissue Degeneration Program, David Z. Rosensweig Genomics Research Center, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA
| | - Min Joon Lee
- Arthritis and Tissue Degeneration Program, David Z. Rosensweig Genomics Research Center, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA
| | - Se Hwan Mun
- Arthritis and Tissue Degeneration Program, David Z. Rosensweig Genomics Research Center, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA
| | - Eugenia G. Giannopoulou
- Arthritis and Tissue Degeneration Program, David Z. Rosensweig Genomics Research Center, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA
- Biological Sciences Department, New York City College of Technology, City University of New York, Brooklyn, New York, USA
| | - Vladimir Yong-Gonzalez
- Donald B. and Catherine C. Marron Cancer Metabolism Center, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Justin R. Cross
- Donald B. and Catherine C. Marron Cancer Metabolism Center, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Koichi Murata
- Arthritis and Tissue Degeneration Program, David Z. Rosensweig Genomics Research Center, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA
| | - Vincent Giguère
- Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Canada; Departments of Biochemistry, Medicine and Oncology, McGill University, Montréal, Canada
| | - Marjolein van der Meulen
- Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
- Musculoskeletal Integrity Program, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA
| | - Kyung-Hyun Park-Min
- Arthritis and Tissue Degeneration Program, David Z. Rosensweig Genomics Research Center, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA
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17
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McRobb LS, McGrath KCY, Tsatralis T, Liong EC, Tan JTM, Hughes G, Handelsman DJ, Heather AK. Estrogen Receptor Control of Atherosclerotic Calcification and Smooth Muscle Cell Osteogenic Differentiation. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2017; 37:1127-1137. [PMID: 28473445 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.117.309054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Vascular calcification is associated with increased risk of myocardial infarction and stroke. The objective of this work was to examine the ability of 17β-estradiol (E2) to stimulate calcification of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) in vivo, using aged apolipoprotein E-null mice with advanced atherosclerotic lesions, and subsequently to explore underlying mechanisms in vitro. APPROACH AND RESULTS Silastic E2 capsules were implanted into male and female apolipoprotein E-null mice aged 34 weeks. Plaque and calcified area were measured in the aortic sinus and innominate artery after 8 weeks. Immunohistochemical analysis examined expression of the estrogen receptors (estrogen receptor alpha and estrogen receptor beta [ERβ]). VSMC expression of osteogenic markers was examined using digital polymerase chain reaction. Advanced atherosclerotic lesions were present in all mice at the end of 8 weeks. In both male and female mice, E2 increased calcified area in a site-specific manner in the aortic sinus independently of plaque growth or lipid levels and occurred in association with a site-specific decrease in the proportion of ERβ-positive intimal cells. Calcified lesions expressed collagen I and bone sialoprotein, with decreased matrix Gla protein. In vitro, E2 suppressed ERβ expression and increased VSMC mineralization, demonstrating increased collagen I and II, osteocalcin and bone sialoprotein, and reduced matrix Gla protein and osteopontin. Antagonism or RNA silencing of estrogen receptor alpha, ERβ, or both further increased VSMC mineralization. CONCLUSIONS We have demonstrated that E2 can drive calcification in advanced atherosclerotic lesions by promoting the differentiation of VSMC to osteoblast-like cells, a process which is augmented by inhibition of estrogen receptor alpha or ERβ activity.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Apolipoproteins E/deficiency
- Apolipoproteins E/genetics
- Atherosclerosis/chemically induced
- Atherosclerosis/genetics
- Atherosclerosis/metabolism
- Atherosclerosis/pathology
- Calcium-Binding Proteins/metabolism
- Cattle
- Cell Differentiation/drug effects
- Cells, Cultured
- Collagen/metabolism
- Disease Models, Animal
- Drug Implants
- Estradiol/administration & dosage
- Estradiol/toxicity
- Estrogen Receptor Antagonists/pharmacology
- Estrogen Receptor alpha/agonists
- Estrogen Receptor alpha/genetics
- Estrogen Receptor alpha/metabolism
- Estrogen Receptor beta/agonists
- Estrogen Receptor beta/genetics
- Estrogen Receptor beta/metabolism
- Extracellular Matrix Proteins/metabolism
- Female
- Genetic Predisposition to Disease
- Humans
- Integrin-Binding Sialoprotein/metabolism
- Male
- Mice, Knockout
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/drug effects
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/pathology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/drug effects
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/metabolism
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/pathology
- Neointima
- Osteocalcin/metabolism
- Osteogenesis/drug effects
- Osteopontin/metabolism
- Phenotype
- Plaque, Atherosclerotic
- RNA Interference
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Transfection
- Vascular Calcification/chemically induced
- Vascular Calcification/genetics
- Vascular Calcification/metabolism
- Vascular Calcification/pathology
- Matrix Gla Protein
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucinda S McRobb
- From the Heart Research Institute, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia (L.S.M., K.C.Y.M., T.T., E.C.L., J.T.M.T.); Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia (L.S.M.); School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, New South Wales, Australia (K.C.Y.M.); Sydney Medical School (J.T.M.T.) and ANZAC Research Institute (D.J.H.), University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; and Department of Physiology, Otago School of Medical Sciences (G.H., A.K.H.) and HeartOtago (A.K.H.), University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Kristine C Y McGrath
- From the Heart Research Institute, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia (L.S.M., K.C.Y.M., T.T., E.C.L., J.T.M.T.); Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia (L.S.M.); School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, New South Wales, Australia (K.C.Y.M.); Sydney Medical School (J.T.M.T.) and ANZAC Research Institute (D.J.H.), University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; and Department of Physiology, Otago School of Medical Sciences (G.H., A.K.H.) and HeartOtago (A.K.H.), University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Tania Tsatralis
- From the Heart Research Institute, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia (L.S.M., K.C.Y.M., T.T., E.C.L., J.T.M.T.); Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia (L.S.M.); School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, New South Wales, Australia (K.C.Y.M.); Sydney Medical School (J.T.M.T.) and ANZAC Research Institute (D.J.H.), University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; and Department of Physiology, Otago School of Medical Sciences (G.H., A.K.H.) and HeartOtago (A.K.H.), University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Eleanore C Liong
- From the Heart Research Institute, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia (L.S.M., K.C.Y.M., T.T., E.C.L., J.T.M.T.); Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia (L.S.M.); School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, New South Wales, Australia (K.C.Y.M.); Sydney Medical School (J.T.M.T.) and ANZAC Research Institute (D.J.H.), University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; and Department of Physiology, Otago School of Medical Sciences (G.H., A.K.H.) and HeartOtago (A.K.H.), University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Joanne T M Tan
- From the Heart Research Institute, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia (L.S.M., K.C.Y.M., T.T., E.C.L., J.T.M.T.); Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia (L.S.M.); School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, New South Wales, Australia (K.C.Y.M.); Sydney Medical School (J.T.M.T.) and ANZAC Research Institute (D.J.H.), University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; and Department of Physiology, Otago School of Medical Sciences (G.H., A.K.H.) and HeartOtago (A.K.H.), University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Gillian Hughes
- From the Heart Research Institute, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia (L.S.M., K.C.Y.M., T.T., E.C.L., J.T.M.T.); Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia (L.S.M.); School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, New South Wales, Australia (K.C.Y.M.); Sydney Medical School (J.T.M.T.) and ANZAC Research Institute (D.J.H.), University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; and Department of Physiology, Otago School of Medical Sciences (G.H., A.K.H.) and HeartOtago (A.K.H.), University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - David J Handelsman
- From the Heart Research Institute, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia (L.S.M., K.C.Y.M., T.T., E.C.L., J.T.M.T.); Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia (L.S.M.); School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, New South Wales, Australia (K.C.Y.M.); Sydney Medical School (J.T.M.T.) and ANZAC Research Institute (D.J.H.), University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; and Department of Physiology, Otago School of Medical Sciences (G.H., A.K.H.) and HeartOtago (A.K.H.), University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Alison K Heather
- From the Heart Research Institute, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia (L.S.M., K.C.Y.M., T.T., E.C.L., J.T.M.T.); Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia (L.S.M.); School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, New South Wales, Australia (K.C.Y.M.); Sydney Medical School (J.T.M.T.) and ANZAC Research Institute (D.J.H.), University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; and Department of Physiology, Otago School of Medical Sciences (G.H., A.K.H.) and HeartOtago (A.K.H.), University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
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18
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Huang T, Liu R, Fu X, Yao D, Yang M, Liu Q, Lu WW, Wu C, Guan M. Aging Reduces an ERRalpha-Directed Mitochondrial Glutaminase Expression Suppressing Glutamine Anaplerosis and Osteogenic Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Stem Cells 2017; 35:411-424. [PMID: 27501743 DOI: 10.1002/stem.2470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2016] [Revised: 07/07/2016] [Accepted: 07/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Aging deteriorates osteogenic capacity of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs), contributing to imbalanced bone remodeling and osteoporosis. Glutaminase (Gls) catabolizes glutamine into glutamate at the first step of mitochondrial glutamine (Gln)-dependent anaplerosis which is essential for MSCs upon osteogenic differentiation. Estrogen-related receptor α (ERRα) regulates genes required for mitochondrial function. Here, we found that ERRα and Gls are upregulated by osteogenic induction in human MSCs (hMSCs). In contrast, osteogenic differentiation capacity and glutamine consumption of MSCs, as well as ERRα, Gls and osteogenic marker genes are significantly reduced with age. We demonstrated that ERRα binds to response elements on Gls promoter and affects glutamine anaplerosis through transcriptional induction of Gls. Conversely, mTOR inhibitor rapamycin, ERRα inverse agonist compound 29 or Gls inhibitor BPTES leads to reduced Gln anaplerosis and deteriorated osteogenic differentiation of hMSCs. Importantly, overexpression of ERRα or Gls restored impairment by these inhibitors. Finally, we proved that compensated ERRα or Gls expression indeed potentiated Gln anaplerosis and osteogenic capability of elderly mice MSCs in vitro. Together, we establish that Gls is a novel ERRα target gene and ERRα/Gls signaling pathway plays an important role in osteogenic differentiation of MSCs, providing new sights into novel regenerative therapeutics development. Our findings suggest that restoring age-related mitochondrial Gln-dependent anaplerosis may be beneficial for degenerative bone disorders such as osteoporosis. Stem Cells 2017;35:411-424.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongling Huang
- National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Center for Human Tissues and Organs Degeneration, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Renzhong Liu
- National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Center for Human Tissues and Organs Degeneration, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xuekun Fu
- Center for Human Tissues and Organs Degeneration, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Dongsheng Yao
- National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Meng Yang
- Center for Human Tissues and Organs Degeneration, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Qingli Liu
- Center for Human Tissues and Organs Degeneration, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - William W Lu
- Center for Human Tissues and Organs Degeneration, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chuanyue Wu
- Department of Biology and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, South University of Science and Technology of China, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Min Guan
- Center for Human Tissues and Organs Degeneration, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
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19
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Fradet A, Bouchet M, Delliaux C, Gervais M, Kan C, Benetollo C, Pantano F, Vargas G, Bouazza L, Croset M, Bala Y, Leroy X, Rosol TJ, Rieusset J, Bellahcène A, Castronovo V, Aubin JE, Clézardin P, Duterque-Coquillaud M, Bonnelye E. Estrogen related receptor alpha in castration-resistant prostate cancer cells promotes tumor progression in bone. Oncotarget 2016; 7:77071-77086. [PMID: 27776343 PMCID: PMC5363569 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2016] [Accepted: 10/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone metastases are one of the main complications of prostate cancer and they are incurable. We investigated whether and how estrogen receptor-related receptor alpha (ERRα) is involved in bone tumor progression associated with advanced prostate cancer. By meta-analysis, we first found that ERRα expression is correlated with castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), the hallmark of progressive disease. We then analyzed tumor cell progression and the associated signaling pathways in gain-of-function/loss-of-function CRPC models in vivo and in vitro. Increased levels of ERRα in tumor cells led to rapid tumor progression, with both bone destruction and formation, and direct impacts on osteoclasts and osteoblasts. VEGF-A, WNT5A and TGFβ1 were upregulated by ERRα in tumor cells and all of these factors also significantly and positively correlated withERRα expression in CRPC patient specimens. Finally, high levels of ERRα in tumor cells stimulated the pro-metastatic factor periostin expression in the stroma, suggesting that ERRα regulates the tumor stromal cell microenvironment to enhance tumor progression. Taken together, our data demonstrate that ERRα is a regulator of CRPC cell progression in bone. Therefore, inhibiting ERRα may constitute a new therapeutic strategy for prostate cancer skeletal-related events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anais Fradet
- InsermUMR1033, F-69372 Lyon, France
- Université-Lyon1, F-69008 Lyon, France
| | - Mathilde Bouchet
- InsermUMR1033, F-69372 Lyon, France
- Université-Lyon1, F-69008 Lyon, France
| | - Carine Delliaux
- CNRS-UMR8161, F-59021 Lille, France
- Université-Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Manon Gervais
- InsermUMR1033, F-69372 Lyon, France
- Université-Lyon1, F-69008 Lyon, France
| | - Casina Kan
- InsermUMR1033, F-69372 Lyon, France
- Université-Lyon1, F-69008 Lyon, France
| | - Claire Benetollo
- Université-Lyon1, F-69008 Lyon, France
- InsermU1028-CNRS-UMR5292, Lyon, France
| | | | - Geoffrey Vargas
- InsermUMR1033, F-69372 Lyon, France
- Université-Lyon1, F-69008 Lyon, France
| | - Lamia Bouazza
- InsermUMR1033, F-69372 Lyon, France
- Université-Lyon1, F-69008 Lyon, France
| | - Martine Croset
- InsermUMR1033, F-69372 Lyon, France
- Université-Lyon1, F-69008 Lyon, France
| | - Yohann Bala
- InsermUMR1033, F-69372 Lyon, France
- Université-Lyon1, F-69008 Lyon, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Jane E Aubin
- University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Philippe Clézardin
- InsermUMR1033, F-69372 Lyon, France
- Université-Lyon1, F-69008 Lyon, France
| | | | - Edith Bonnelye
- InsermUMR1033, F-69372 Lyon, France
- Université-Lyon1, F-69008 Lyon, France
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20
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Carnesecchi J, Vanacker JM. Estrogen-Related Receptors and the control of bone cell fate. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2016; 432:37-43. [PMID: 26206717 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2015.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2015] [Revised: 06/23/2015] [Accepted: 07/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Bone loss is naturally occurring in aging males and females and exacerbated in the latter after menopause, altogether leading to cumulative skeleton fragility and increased fracture risk. Two types of therapeutic strategies can be envisioned to counteract age- or menopause-associated bone loss, aiming at either reducing bone resorption exerted by osteoclasts or, alternatively, promoting bone formation by osteoblasts. We here summarize data suggesting that inhibition of the Estrogen-Related Receptors α and/or γ could promote bone formation and compensate for bone loss induced by ageing or estrogen-deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Carnesecchi
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon, Université de Lyon, Université Lyon I, CNRS UMR5242, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Jean-Marc Vanacker
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon, Université de Lyon, Université Lyon I, CNRS UMR5242, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Lyon, France.
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21
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Auerbach S, Filer D, Reif D, Walker V, Holloway AC, Schlezinger J, Srinivasan S, Svoboda D, Judson R, Bucher JR, Thayer KA. Prioritizing Environmental Chemicals for Obesity and Diabetes Outcomes Research: A Screening Approach Using ToxCast™ High-Throughput Data. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2016; 124:1141-54. [PMID: 26978842 PMCID: PMC4977057 DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1510456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2015] [Revised: 10/09/2015] [Accepted: 02/08/2016] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes and obesity are major threats to public health in the United States and abroad. Understanding the role that chemicals in our environment play in the development of these conditions is an emerging issue in environmental health, although identifying and prioritizing chemicals for testing beyond those already implicated in the literature is challenging. This review is intended to help researchers generate hypotheses about chemicals that may contribute to diabetes and to obesity-related health outcomes by summarizing relevant findings from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) ToxCast™ high-throughput screening (HTS) program. OBJECTIVES Our aim was to develop new hypotheses around environmental chemicals of potential interest for diabetes- or obesity-related outcomes using high-throughput screening data. METHODS We identified ToxCast™ assay targets relevant to several biological processes related to diabetes and obesity (insulin sensitivity in peripheral tissue, pancreatic islet and β cell function, adipocyte differentiation, and feeding behavior) and presented chemical screening data against those assay targets to identify chemicals of potential interest. DISCUSSION The results of this screening-level analysis suggest that the spectrum of environmental chemicals to consider in research related to diabetes and obesity is much broader than indicated by research papers and reviews published in the peer-reviewed literature. Testing hypotheses based on ToxCast™ data will also help assess the predictive utility of this HTS platform. CONCLUSIONS More research is required to put these screening-level analyses into context, but the information presented in this review should facilitate the development of new hypotheses. CITATION Auerbach S, Filer D, Reif D, Walker V, Holloway AC, Schlezinger J, Srinivasan S, Svoboda D, Judson R, Bucher JR, Thayer KA. 2016. Prioritizing environmental chemicals for obesity and diabetes outcomes research: a screening approach using ToxCast™ high-throughput data. Environ Health Perspect 124:1141-1154; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1510456.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott Auerbach
- Division of the National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Dayne Filer
- National Center for Computational Toxicology, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - David Reif
- Bioinformatics Research Center, Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Vickie Walker
- Division of the National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Alison C. Holloway
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jennifer Schlezinger
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Supriya Srinivasan
- Department of Chemical Physiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Daniel Svoboda
- SciOme, LLC, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Richard Judson
- National Center for Computational Toxicology, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - John R. Bucher
- Division of the National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Kristina A. Thayer
- Division of the National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
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22
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Kim YI, No Lee J, Bhandari S, Nam IK, Yoo KW, Kim SJ, Oh GS, Kim HJ, So HS, Choe SK, Park R. Cartilage development requires the function of Estrogen-related receptor alpha that directly regulates sox9 expression in zebrafish. Sci Rep 2015; 5:18011. [PMID: 26657540 PMCID: PMC4675082 DOI: 10.1038/srep18011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Accepted: 11/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Estrogen-related receptor alpha (ESRRa) regulates a number of cellular processes including development of bone and muscles. However, direct evidence regarding its involvement in cartilage development remains elusive. In this report, we establish an in vivo role of Esrra in cartilage development during embryogenesis in zebrafish. Gene expression analysis indicates that esrra is expressed in developing pharyngeal arches where genes necessary for cartilage development are also expressed. Loss of function analysis shows that knockdown of esrra impairs expression of genes including sox9, col2a1, sox5, sox6, runx2 and col10a1 thus induces abnormally formed cartilage in pharyngeal arches. Importantly, we identify putative ESRRa binding elements in upstream regions of sox9 to which ESRRa can directly bind, indicating that Esrra may directly regulate sox9 expression. Accordingly, ectopic expression of sox9 rescues defective formation of cartilage induced by the knockdown of esrra. Taken together, our results indicate for the first time that ESRRa is essential for cartilage development by regulating sox9 expression during vertebrate development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Il Kim
- Department of Microbiology and Center for Metabolic Function Regulation, Iksan, Jeonbuk, 570-749, South Korea
| | - Joon No Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Center for Metabolic Function Regulation, Iksan, Jeonbuk, 570-749, South Korea
| | - Sushil Bhandari
- Department of Microbiology and Center for Metabolic Function Regulation, Iksan, Jeonbuk, 570-749, South Korea
| | - In-Koo Nam
- Department of Microbiology and Center for Metabolic Function Regulation, Iksan, Jeonbuk, 570-749, South Korea
| | - Kyeong-Won Yoo
- Department of Microbiology and Center for Metabolic Function Regulation, Iksan, Jeonbuk, 570-749, South Korea
| | - Se-Jin Kim
- Department of Microbiology and Center for Metabolic Function Regulation, Iksan, Jeonbuk, 570-749, South Korea
| | - Gi-Su Oh
- Department of Microbiology and Center for Metabolic Function Regulation, Iksan, Jeonbuk, 570-749, South Korea
| | - Hyung-Jin Kim
- Department of Microbiology and Center for Metabolic Function Regulation, Iksan, Jeonbuk, 570-749, South Korea
| | - Hong-Seob So
- Department of Microbiology and Center for Metabolic Function Regulation, Iksan, Jeonbuk, 570-749, South Korea
| | - Seong-Kyu Choe
- Department of Microbiology and Center for Metabolic Function Regulation, Iksan, Jeonbuk, 570-749, South Korea
- Integrated Omics Institute, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Iksan, Jeonbuk, 570-749, South Korea
| | - Raekil Park
- Department of Microbiology and Center for Metabolic Function Regulation, Iksan, Jeonbuk, 570-749, South Korea
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23
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Constitutive activities of estrogen-related receptors: Transcriptional regulation of metabolism by the ERR pathways in health and disease. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2015; 1852:1912-27. [PMID: 26115970 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2015.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2015] [Revised: 06/15/2015] [Accepted: 06/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The estrogen-related receptors (ERRs) comprise a small group of orphan nuclear receptor transcription factors. The ERRα and ERRγ isoforms play a central role in the regulation of metabolic genes and cellular energy metabolism. Although less is known about ERRβ, recent studies have revealed the importance of this isoform in the maintenance of embryonic stem cell pluripotency. Thus, ERRs are essential to many biological processes. The development of several ERR knockout and overexpression models and the application of advanced functional genomics have allowed rapid advancement of our understanding of the physiology regulated by ERR pathways. Moreover, it has enabled us to begin to delineate the distinct programs regulated by ERRα and ERRγ that have overlapping effects on metabolism and growth. The current review primarily focuses on the physiologic roles of ERR isoforms related to their metabolic regulation; therefore, the ERRα and ERRγ are discussed in the greatest detail. We emphasize findings from gain- and loss-of-function models developed to characterize ERR control of skeletal muscle, heart and musculoskeletal physiology. These models have revealed that coordinating metabolic capacity with energy demand is essential for seemingly disparate processes such as muscle differentiation and hypertrophy, innate immune function, thermogenesis, and bone remodeling. Furthermore, the models have revealed that ERRα- and ERRγ-deficiency in mice accelerates progression of pathologic processes and implicates ERRs as etiologic factors in disease. We highlight the human diseases in which ERRs and their downstream metabolic pathways are perturbed, including heart failure and diabetes. While no natural ligand has been identified for any of the ERR isoforms, the potential for using synthetic small molecules to modulate their activity has been demonstrated. Based on our current understanding of their transcriptional mechanisms and physiologic relevance, the ERRs have emerged as potential therapeutic targets for treatment of osteoporosis, muscle atrophy, insulin resistance and heart failure in humans.
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24
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Gao B, Huang Q, Jie Q, Wang L, Zhang HY, Liu J, Yang L, Luo ZJ. Dose-response estrogen promotes osteogenic differentiation via GPR40 (FFAR1) in murine BMMSCs. Biochimie 2015; 110:36-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2015.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2014] [Accepted: 01/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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25
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Cardelli M, Aubin JE. ERRγ is not required for skeletal development but is a RUNX2-dependent negative regulator of postnatal bone formation in male mice. PLoS One 2014; 9:e109592. [PMID: 25313644 PMCID: PMC4196935 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0109592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2014] [Accepted: 09/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
To assess the effects of the orphan nuclear Estrogen receptor-related receptor gamma (ERRγ) deficiency on skeletal development and bone turnover, we utilized an ERRγ global knockout mouse line. While we observed no gross morphological anomalies or difference in skeletal length in newborn mice, by 8 weeks of age ERRγ +/− males but not females exhibited increased trabecular bone, which was further increased by 14 weeks. The increase in trabecular bone was due to an increase in active osteoblasts on the bone surface, without detectable alterations in osteoclast number or activity. Consistent with the histomorphometric results, we observed an increase in gene expression of the bone formation markers alkaline phosphatase (Alp) and bone sialoprotein (Bsp) in bone and increase in serum ALP, but no change in the osteoclast regulators receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL) and osteoprotegerin (OPG) or the resorption marker carboxy-terminal collagen crosslinks (CTX). More colony forming units-alkaline phosphatase and -osteoblast (CFU-ALP, CFU-O respectively) but not CFU-fibroblast (CFU-F) formed in ERRγ +/− versus ERRγ +/+ stromal cell cultures, suggesting that ERRγ negatively regulates osteoblast differentiation and matrix mineralization but not mesenchymal precursor number. By co-immunoprecipitation experiments, we found that ERRγ and RUNX2 interact in an ERRγ DNA binding domain (DBD)-dependent manner. Treatment of post-confluent differentiating bone marrow stromal cell cultures with Runx2 antisense oligonucleotides resulted in a reduction of CFU-ALP/CFU-O in ERRγ +/− but not ERRγ +/+ mice compared to their corresponding sense controls. Our data indicate that ERRγ is not required for skeletal development but is a sex-dependent negative regulator of postnatal bone formation, acting in a RUNX2- and apparently differentiation stage-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Cardelli
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jane E. Aubin
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- * E-mail:
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26
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Chen P, Wang H, Duan Z, Zou JX, Chen H, He W, Wang J. Estrogen-related receptor alpha confers methotrexate resistance via attenuation of reactive oxygen species production and P53 mediated apoptosis in osteosarcoma cells. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:616025. [PMID: 24967384 PMCID: PMC4055217 DOI: 10.1155/2014/616025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2014] [Accepted: 04/25/2014] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is a malignant tumor mainly occurring in children and adolescents. Methotrexate (MTX), a chemotherapy agent, is widely used in treating OS. However, treatment failures are common due to acquired chemoresistance, for which the underlying molecular mechanisms are still unclear. In this study, we report that overexpression of estrogen-related receptor alpha (ERR α ), an orphan nuclear receptor, promoted cell survival and blocked MTX-induced cell death in U2OS cells. We showed that MTX induced ROS production in MTX-sensitive U2OS cells while ERR α effectively blocked the ROS production and ROS associated cell apoptosis. Our further studies demonstrated that ERR α suppressed ROS induction of tumor suppressor P53 and its target genes NOXA and XAF1 which are mediators of P53-dependent apoptosis. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that ERR α plays an important role in the development of MTX resistance through blocking MTX-induced ROS production and attenuating the activation of p53 mediated apoptosis signaling pathway, and points to ERR α as a novel target for improving osteosarcoma therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Chen
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China
- Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Haibin Wang
- State Key Hip Joints Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No. 12 Jichang Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510405, China
| | - Zhijian Duan
- Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - June X. Zou
- Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Hongwu Chen
- Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Wei He
- State Key Hip Joints Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No. 12 Jichang Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510405, China
| | - Junjian Wang
- Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
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27
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Zirngibl RA, Chan JSM, Aubin JE. Divergent regulation of the Osteopontin promoter by the estrogen receptor-related receptors is isoform- and cell context dependent. J Cell Biochem 2014; 114:2356-62. [PMID: 23633411 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.24583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2013] [Accepted: 04/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
We sought to determine whether the estrogen receptor-related receptor gamma (mEsrrg) regulated the Osteopontin (Opn) promoter through the same AP1/CAAT box element that we have previously described for mEsrra. In HeLa cells mEsrrg used an additional site present in the 5'UTR, while in ROS17/2.8 cells the AP1/CAAT site was not used, but a completely novel site surrounding the transcription start site was used. We also find that in ROS17/2.8 cells mEsrra repressed, while mEsrrg activated the Opn promoter. None of the sites identified conform to established Esrr response elements (ERREs). Additionally, the two reported mEsrrg protein isoforms showed differences in their activation potential. Mutations in the activation function 2 (AF2) of mEsrra, predicted to abolish activation, surprisingly turned mEsrra into a better activator. In contrast, similar AF2 mutations in Esrrg2 abolished its ability to activate the Opn promoter. Mutation of the DNA binding domain of mEsrra/g2 abolished transcriptional activity in HeLa and ROS17/2.8 cells. Our data indicate, first, that the two Esrr isoforms regulate Opn in a cell context-dependent manner. Second, they suggest that although the DNA binding domains of mEsrra and mEsrrg are 93% identical and required for regulation, the receptors bind to distinct Opn promoter elements, suggesting that the two isoforms may co-regulate Opn, and perhaps other genes, without competing for the same site in the promoter. Finally, the results suggest that each isoform interacts differently with co-activators and co-repressors, as highlighted by the AF2 mutation that turns mEsrra into a better activator but abolishes activity of Esrrg2.
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Affiliation(s)
- R A Zirngibl
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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28
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Cartilage-specific overexpression of ERRγ results in Chondrodysplasia and reduced chondrocyte proliferation. PLoS One 2013; 8:e81511. [PMID: 24349082 PMCID: PMC3857204 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0081511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2013] [Accepted: 10/14/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
While the role of estrogen receptor-related receptor alpha (ERRα) in chondrogenesis has been investigated, the involvement of ERR gamma (ERRγ) has not been determined. To assess the effect of increased ERRγ activity on cartilage development in vivo, we generated two transgenic (Tg) lines overexpressing ERRγ2 via a chondrocyte-specific promoter; the two lines exhibited ∼3 and ∼5 fold increased ERRγ2 protein expression respectively in E14.5 Tg versus wild type (WT) limbs. On postnatal day seven (P7), we observed a 4–10% reduction in the size of the craniofacial, axial and appendicular skeletons in Tg versus WT mice. The reduction in bone length was already present at birth and did not appear to involve bones that are derived via intramembranous bone formation as the bones of the calvaria, clavicle, and the mandible developed normally. Histological analysis of P7 growth plates revealed a reduction in the length of the Tg versus WT growth plate, the majority of which was attributable to a reduced proliferative zone. The reduced proliferative zone paralleled a decrease in the number of Ki67-positive proliferating cells, with no significant change in apoptosis, and was accompanied by large cell-free swaths of cartilage matrix, which extended through multiple zones of the growth plate. Using a bioinformatics approach, we identified known chondrogenesis-associated genes with at least one predicted ERR binding site in their proximal promoters, as well as cell cycle regulators known to be regulated by ERRγ. Of the genes identified, Col2al, Agg, Pth1r, and Cdkn1b (p27) were significantly upregulated, suggesting that ERRγ2 negatively regulates chondrocyte proliferation and positively regulates matrix synthesis to coordinate growth plate height and organization.
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29
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Abstract
The nuclear receptor superfamily includes many receptors, identified based on their similarity to steroid hormone receptors but without a known ligand. The study of how these receptors are diversely regulated to interact with genomic regions to control a plethora of biological processes has provided critical insight into development, physiology, and the molecular pathology of disease. Here we provide a compendium of these so-called orphan receptors and focus on what has been learned about their modes of action, physiological functions, and therapeutic promise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon E Mullican
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, and The Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
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