1
|
Zeljkovic A, Vekic J, Stefanovic A. Obesity and dyslipidemia in early life: Impact on cardiometabolic risk. Metabolism 2024; 156:155919. [PMID: 38653373 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2024.155919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Childhood obesity with its growing prevalence worldwide presents one of the most important health challenges nowadays. Multiple mechanisms are involved in the development of this condition, as well as in its associations with various cardiometabolic complications, such as insulin resistance, diabetes, metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and cardiovascular diseases. Recent findings suggest that childhood obesity and associated dyslipidemia at least partly originate from epigenetic modifications that take place in the earliest periods of life, namely prenatal and perinatal periods. Hence, alterations of maternal metabolism could be fundamentally responsible for fetal and neonatal metabolic programming and consequently, for metabolic health of offspring in later life. In this paper, we will review recent findings on the associations among intrauterine and early postnatal exposure to undesirable modulators of metabolism, development of childhood obesity and later cardiometabolic complications. Special attention will be given to maternal dyslipidemia as a driven force for undesirable epigenetic modulations in offspring. In addition, newly proposed lipid biomarkers of increased cardiometabolic risk in obese children and adolescents will be analyzed, with respect to their predictive potential and clinical applicability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Zeljkovic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Belgrade-Faculty of Pharmacy, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelena Vekic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Belgrade-Faculty of Pharmacy, Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Aleksandra Stefanovic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Belgrade-Faculty of Pharmacy, Belgrade, Serbia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Mao TH, Huang HQ, Zhang CH. Clinical characteristics and treatment compounds of obesity-related kidney injury. World J Diabetes 2024; 15:1091-1110. [DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v15.i6.1091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Disorders in energy homeostasis can lead to various metabolic diseases, particularly obesity. The obesity epidemic has led to an increased incidence of obesity-related nephropathy (ORN), a distinct entity characterized by proteinuria, glomerulomegaly, progressive glomerulosclerosis, and renal function decline. Obesity and its associated renal damage are common in clinical practice, and their incidence is increasing and attracting great attention. There is a great need to identify safe and effective therapeutic modalities, and therapeutics using chemical compounds and natural products are receiving increasing attention. However, the summary is lacking about the specific effects and mechanisms of action of compounds in the treatment of ORN. In this review, we summarize the important clinical features and compound treatment strategies for obesity and obesity-induced kidney injury. We also summarize the pathologic and clinical features of ORN as well as its pathogenesis and potential therapeutics targeting renal inflammation, oxidative stress, insulin resistance, fibrosis, kidney lipid accumulation, and dysregulated autophagy. In addition, detailed information on natural and synthetic compounds used for the treatment of obesity-related kidney disease is summarized. The synthesis of detailed information aims to contribute to a deeper understanding of the clinical treatment modalities for obesity-related kidney diseases, fostering the anticipation of novel insights in this domain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tuo-Hua Mao
- Department of Endocrinology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, Hubei Province, China
| | - Han-Qi Huang
- Department of Endocrinology, Hubei No. 3 People’s Hospital of Jianghan University, Wuhan 430033, Hubei Province, China
| | - Chuan-Hai Zhang
- Department of Physiology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, United States
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Xu Y, Huang L, Zhuang Y, Huang H. Modulation of adipose tissue metabolism by exosomes in obesity. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2024; 326:E709-E722. [PMID: 38416071 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00155.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Obesity and its related metabolic complications represent a significant global health challenge. Central to this is the dysregulation of glucolipid metabolism, with a predominant focus on glucose metabolic dysfunction in the current research, whereas adipose metabolism impairment garners less attention. Exosomes (EXs), small extracellular vesicles (EVs) secreted by various cells, have emerged as important mediators of intercellular communication and have the potential to be biomarkers, targets, and therapeutic tools for diverse diseases. In particular, EXs have been found to play a role in adipose metabolism by transporting cargoes such as noncoding RNAs (ncRNA), proteins, and other factors. This review article summarizes the current understanding of the role of EXs in mediating adipose metabolism disorders in obesity. It highlights their roles in adipogenesis (encompassing adipogenic differentiation and lipid synthesis), lipid catabolism, lipid transport, and white adipose browning. The insights provided by this review offer new avenues for developing exosome-based therapies to treat obesity and its associated comorbidities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yajing Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Linghong Huang
- Department of Endocrinology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Zhuang
- Department of Endocrinology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Huibin Huang
- Department of Endocrinology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Gholampoor N, Sharif AH, Mellor D. The effect of observing religious or faith-based fasting on cardiovascular disease risk factors: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2024; 34:1097-1109. [PMID: 38508992 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2024.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
AIMS Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading cause of death worldwide. Fasting is common in many religions and is associated with health benefits. This systematic review to compares the impact of different religious fasting practices, on risk of cardiometabolic diseases. DATA SYNTHESIS The search covered five databases following PRISMA guidelines to identify papers published in English from inception to March 2023 (updated January 2024). Inclusion criteria were healthy adults in observational studies, who engaged in religious fasting practices, studies were included where data on matched non-fasting individuals was available. Outcomes were systolic and diastolic blood pressure, body mass index (BMI), triglycerides, total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLc), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLc), and fasting plasma glucose levels. A meta-analysis was conducted, and the review was registered (CRD42022352197). Fourteen studies were met the inclusion criteria with ten studies data being suitable for meta-analysis, reporting on 755 adults participating in fasting practices and 661 non-fasting controls. Religious fasting was associated with a reduction in BMI (-0.40 kg/m2, 95% CI [-0.70, -0.10], p < 0.01). Observance of Ramadan fasting was associated with decreased systolic blood pressure (-3.83 mmHg, 95% CI [-7.44, -0.23], p = 0.04). The observance of Orthodox Christian fasting was associated with a reduction in TC (-0.52 mmoL/l, 95%CI [-0.64, -0.39], p < 0.01). No difference was found for the other outcomes. CONCLUSION This review found religious fasting practices which were associated with a reduction in some biomarkers of cardiometabolic diseases risk. Further research on other fasting practices is needed due to limited data.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Negin Gholampoor
- Aston Medical School, College of Health and Life Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, United Kingdom.
| | | | - Duane Mellor
- Aston Medical School, College of Health and Life Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Rojo-Sánchez A, Carmona-Martes A, Díaz-Olmos Y, Santamaría-Torres M, Cala MP, Orozco-Acosta E, Aroca-Martínez G, Pacheco-Londoño L, Navarro-Quiroz E, Pacheco-Lugo LA. Urinary metabolomic profiling of a cohort of Colombian patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Sci Rep 2024; 14:9555. [PMID: 38664528 PMCID: PMC11045835 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-60217-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune and multisystem disease with a high public health impact. Lupus nephritis (LN), commonly known as renal involvement in SLE, is associated with a poorer prognosis and increased rates of morbidity and mortality in patients with SLE. Identifying new urinary biomarkers that can be used for LN prognosis or diagnosis is essential and is part of current active research. In this study, we applied an untargeted metabolomics approach involving liquid and gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry to urine samples collected from 17 individuals with SLE and no kidney damage, 23 individuals with LN, and 10 clinically healthy controls (HCs) to identify differential metabolic profiles for SLE and LN. The data analysis revealed a differentially abundant metabolite expression profile for each study group, and those metabolites may act as potential differential biomarkers of SLE and LN. The differential metabolic pathways found between the LN and SLE patients with no kidney involvement included primary bile acid biosynthesis, branched-chain amino acid synthesis and degradation, pantothenate and coenzyme A biosynthesis, lysine degradation, and tryptophan metabolism. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis revealed that monopalmitin, glycolic acid, and glutamic acid allowed for the differentiation of individuals with SLE and no kidney involvement and individuals with LN considering high confidence levels. While the results offer promise, it is important to recognize the significant influence of medications and other external factors on metabolomics studies. This impact has the potential to obscure differences in metabolic profiles, presenting a considerable challenge in the identification of disease biomarkers. Therefore, experimental validation should be conducted with a larger sample size to explore the diagnostic potential of the metabolites found as well as to examine how treatment and disease activity influence the identified chemical compounds. This will be crucial for refining the accuracy and effectiveness of using urine metabolomics for diagnosing and monitoring lupus and lupus nephritis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra Rojo-Sánchez
- Life Sciences Research Center, School of Basic and Biomedical Sciences, Universidad Simón Bolívar, Barranquilla, Colombia
| | - Ada Carmona-Martes
- Life Sciences Research Center, School of Basic and Biomedical Sciences, Universidad Simón Bolívar, Barranquilla, Colombia
| | - Yirys Díaz-Olmos
- Health Sciences Division, Medicine Program, Universidad del Norte, Barranquilla, Colombia
| | - Mary Santamaría-Torres
- Metabolomics Core Facility-MetCore, Vice-Presidency for Research, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Mónica P Cala
- Metabolomics Core Facility-MetCore, Vice-Presidency for Research, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Erick Orozco-Acosta
- Life Sciences Research Center, School of Basic and Biomedical Sciences, Universidad Simón Bolívar, Barranquilla, Colombia
| | - Gustavo Aroca-Martínez
- Life Sciences Research Center, School of Basic and Biomedical Sciences, Universidad Simón Bolívar, Barranquilla, Colombia
- Clínica de la Costa, Barranquilla, Colombia
| | - Leonardo Pacheco-Londoño
- Life Sciences Research Center, School of Basic and Biomedical Sciences, Universidad Simón Bolívar, Barranquilla, Colombia
| | - Elkin Navarro-Quiroz
- Life Sciences Research Center, School of Basic and Biomedical Sciences, Universidad Simón Bolívar, Barranquilla, Colombia
| | - Lisandro A Pacheco-Lugo
- Life Sciences Research Center, School of Basic and Biomedical Sciences, Universidad Simón Bolívar, Barranquilla, Colombia.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ordulj I, Tandara M, Jerković K, Šarić F, Beneš M, Lovrić Kojundžić S, Marinović Guić M, Budimir Mršić D. Does the Location of Fat Accumulation Affect the Degree of Aortic and Renal Arterial Calcification? Biomedicines 2024; 12:860. [PMID: 38672214 PMCID: PMC11048273 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12040860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The vascular risk associated with obesity is particularly associated with visceral adiposity, but recent studies suggest that ectopic fat might contribute to the increased risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Our study aimed to explore the connection between arterial calcification of the aorta and renal arteries with visceral and ectopic fat deposits, including liver, pancreatic, and renal sinus fat. Retrospective analysis of thoracoabdominal multi-slice computed tomography (MSCT) scans of 302 patients included measurements of calcification volumes of thoracic and abdominal aorta, and of both renal arteries. On the same scans, the visceral fat volume, liver-to-spleen ratio, pancreatic-to-spleen ratio, and both renal sinus fat areas were retrieved. Logistic regression showed the left kidney sinus fat area to be the most strongly associated with calcifications in the aorta and both renal arteries (coef. from 0.578 to 0.913, p < 0.05). The visceral fat positively predicted aortic calcification (coef. = 0.462, p = 0.008), and on the contrary, the pancreatic fat accumulation even showed protective effects on thoracic and abdominal aorta calcification (coef. = -0.611 and -0.761, p < 0.001, respectively). The results suggest that ectopic fat locations differently impact the calcification of arteries, which should be further explored.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Ordulj
- Clinical Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital of Split, Spinčićeva 1, 21000 Split, Croatia; (I.O.); (M.T.); (K.J.); (F.Š.); (S.L.K.); (M.M.G.)
| | - Mirko Tandara
- Clinical Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital of Split, Spinčićeva 1, 21000 Split, Croatia; (I.O.); (M.T.); (K.J.); (F.Š.); (S.L.K.); (M.M.G.)
| | - Kristian Jerković
- Clinical Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital of Split, Spinčićeva 1, 21000 Split, Croatia; (I.O.); (M.T.); (K.J.); (F.Š.); (S.L.K.); (M.M.G.)
| | - Frano Šarić
- Clinical Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital of Split, Spinčićeva 1, 21000 Split, Croatia; (I.O.); (M.T.); (K.J.); (F.Š.); (S.L.K.); (M.M.G.)
| | - Miodrag Beneš
- Institute of Public Health Sveti Rok Virovitica, Podravina County, 33000 Virovitica, Croatia;
| | - Sanja Lovrić Kojundžić
- Clinical Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital of Split, Spinčićeva 1, 21000 Split, Croatia; (I.O.); (M.T.); (K.J.); (F.Š.); (S.L.K.); (M.M.G.)
- School of Medicine, University of Split, Šoltanska 2, 21000 Split, Croatia
- University Department of Health Studies, University of Split, Ruđera Boškovića 35, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Maja Marinović Guić
- Clinical Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital of Split, Spinčićeva 1, 21000 Split, Croatia; (I.O.); (M.T.); (K.J.); (F.Š.); (S.L.K.); (M.M.G.)
- School of Medicine, University of Split, Šoltanska 2, 21000 Split, Croatia
- University Department of Health Studies, University of Split, Ruđera Boškovića 35, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Danijela Budimir Mršić
- Clinical Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital of Split, Spinčićeva 1, 21000 Split, Croatia; (I.O.); (M.T.); (K.J.); (F.Š.); (S.L.K.); (M.M.G.)
- School of Medicine, University of Split, Šoltanska 2, 21000 Split, Croatia
- University Department of Health Studies, University of Split, Ruđera Boškovića 35, 21000 Split, Croatia
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Lu F, Fan J, Li F, Liu L, Chen Z, Tian Z, Zuo L, Yu D. Abdominal adipose tissue and type 2 diabetic kidney disease: adipose radiology assessment, impact, and mechanisms. Abdom Radiol (NY) 2024; 49:560-574. [PMID: 37847262 DOI: 10.1007/s00261-023-04062-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a significant healthcare burden worldwide that substantially increases the risk of kidney failure and cardiovascular events. To reduce the prevalence of DKD, extensive research is being conducted to determine the risk factors and consequently implement early interventions. Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are more likely to be obese. Abdominal adiposity is associated with a greater risk of kidney damage than general obesity. Abdominal adipose tissue can be divided into different fat depots according to the location and function, including visceral adipose tissue (VAT), subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), perirenal adipose tissue (PAT), and renal sinus adipose tissue (RSAT), which can be accurately measured by radiology techniques, such as computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Abdominal fat depots may affect the development of DKD through different mechanisms, and radiologic abdominal adipose characteristics may serve as imaging indicators of DKD risk. This review will first describe the CT/MRI-based assessment of abdominal adipose depots and subsequently describe the current studies on abdominal adipose tissue and DKD development, as well as the underlying mechanisms in patients of T2DM with DKD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fei Lu
- School of Medical Imaging, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261053, Shandong, China
- Department of Radiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Jinlei Fan
- Department of Radiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Fangxuan Li
- Department of Ultrasound, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Lijing Liu
- Department of Imaging, Yantaishan Hospital, Yantai, 264001, Shandong, China
| | - Zhiyu Chen
- Department of Radiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Ziyu Tian
- Department of Radiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Liping Zuo
- Department of Radiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Dexin Yu
- School of Medical Imaging, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261053, Shandong, China.
- Department of Radiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Gao P, Gao X, Xie B, Tse G, Liu T. Aging and atrial fibrillation: A vicious circle. Int J Cardiol 2024; 395:131445. [PMID: 37848123 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2023.131445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the commonest sustained cardiac arrhythmia observed in clinical practice. Its prevalence increases dramatically with advancing age. This review article discusses the recent advances in studies investigating the relationship between aging and AF and the possible underlying mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pan Gao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xinyi Gao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Bingxin Xie
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Gary Tse
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China; School of Nursing and Health Studies, Hong Kong Metropolitan University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tong Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Duan S, Li H, Wang Z, Li J, Huang W, Fang Z, Li C, Zeng Z, Sun B, Liu Y. Tibetan tea consumption prevents obesity by modulating the cellular composition and metabolic reprogramming of white adipose tissue. Food Funct 2024; 15:208-222. [PMID: 38047533 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo03506a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Obesity, a global health concern, is linked with numerous metabolic and inflammatory disorders. Tibetan tea, a traditional Chinese beverage rich in theabrownin, is investigated in this study for its potential anti-obesity effects. Our work demonstrates that Tibetan tea consumption in C57BL/6J mice significantly mitigates obesity-related phenotypic changes without altering energy intake. Computational prediction revealed that Tibetan tea consumption reconstructs gene expression in white adipose tissue (WAT), promoting lipid catabolism and thereby increasing energy expenditure. We also note that Tibetan tea suppresses inflammation in WAT, reducing adipocyte hyperplasia and immune cell infiltration. Furthermore, Tibetan tea induces profound metabolic reprogramming, influencing amino acid metabolic pathways, specifically enhancing glutamine synthesis, which in turn suppresses pro-inflammatory chemokine production. These findings highlight Tibetan tea as a potential candidate in obesity prevention, providing a nuanced understanding of its capacity to modulate the cellular composition and metabolic landscape of WAT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Songqi Duan
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan, 625014, China.
| | - Hongyu Li
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan, 625014, China.
| | - Ziqi Wang
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan, 625014, China.
| | - Junqi Li
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan, 625014, China.
| | - Weimin Huang
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan, 625014, China.
| | - Zhengfeng Fang
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan, 625014, China.
| | - Cheng Li
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan, 625014, China.
| | - Zhen Zeng
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan, 625014, China.
| | - Baofa Sun
- Frontiers Science Center for Cell Responses, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yuntao Liu
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan, 625014, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Chu M, Luo Y, Wang D, Liu Z, Niu H, Wu X, Wang Y, Lin J, Wang Q, Zhao J. Prediction of poststroke cognitive impairment based on the systemic inflammatory response index. Brain Behav 2024; 14:e3372. [PMID: 38376025 PMCID: PMC10771225 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.3372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Poststroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) is a prevalent complication among stroke survivors. Although the systemic inflammatory response index (SIRI) has been shown to be a reliable predictor of a variety of inflammatory diseases, the association between the SIRI and PSCI is still unclear. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between SIRI and PSCI, and to design a nomogram to predict the risk of PSCI in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients. METHODS A total of 1342 patients with AIS were included in the study. Using the Mini-Mental State Examination scale, patients were separated into PSCI and non-PSCI groups within 2 weeks of stroke. Clinical data and SIRI values were compared between the groups. We developed the optimal nomogram for predicting PSCI using multivariate logistic regression. Finally, the nomogram was validated using the receiver operating characteristic curve, calibration curve, and decision curve analysis (DCA). RESULTS In total, 690 (51.4%) patients were diagnosed with PSCI. After adjusting for potential confounders, the SIRI (OR = 1.226, OR: 1.095-1.373, p < .001) was shown to be an independent risk factor for PSCI in the logistic regression analysis. The nomogram based on patient gender, age, admission National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale scores, education, diabetes mellitus, and SIRI had good discriminative ability with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.716. The calibration curve and Hosmer-Lemeshow test revealed excellent predictive accuracy for the nomogram. Finally, the DCA showed the good clinical utility of the model. CONCLUSION Increased SIRI on admission is correlated with PSCI, and the nomogram built with SIRI as one of the predictors can help identify PSCI early.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min Chu
- Department of NeurologyMinhang HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Yunhe Luo
- Department of NeurologyMinhang HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Daosheng Wang
- Department of NeurosurgeryMinhang HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Zhuohang Liu
- Department of NeurologyMinhang HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Huicong Niu
- Department of NeurologyMinhang HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Xuechun Wu
- Department of NeurologyMinhang HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of NeurologyMinhang HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Jixian Lin
- Department of NeurologyMinhang HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Qiang Wang
- Department of Cardiothoracic SurgeryZhoupu Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Medical College of HealthShanghaiChina
| | - Jing Zhao
- Department of NeurologyMinhang HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Gentile AM, Lhamyani S, Mengual-Mesa M, García-Fuentes E, Bermúdez-Silva FJ, Rojo-Martínez G, Clemente-Postigo M, Rodriguez-Cañete A, Olveira G, El Bekay R. MiR-221-3p/222-3p Cluster Expression in Human Adipose Tissue Is Related to Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17449. [PMID: 38139277 PMCID: PMC10744326 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The progression of obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D) is intricately linked with adipose tissue (AT) angiogenesis. Despite an established network of microRNAs (miRNAs) regulating AT function, the specific role of angiogenic miRNAs remains less understood. The miR-221/222 cluster has recently emerged as being associated with antiangiogenic activity. However, no studies have explored its role in human AT amidst the concurrent development of obesity and T2D. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the association between the miR-221-3p/222-3p cluster in human AT and its regulatory network with obesity and T2D. MiR-221-3p/222-3p and their target gene (TG) expression levels were quantified through qPCR in visceral (VAT) and subcutaneous (SAT) AT from patients (n = 33) categorized based on BMI as normoweight (NW) and obese (OB) and by glycemic status as normoglycemic (NG) and type 2 diabetic (T2D) subjects. In silico analyses of miR-221-3p/222-3p and their TGs were conducted to identify pertinent signaling pathways. The results of a multivariate analysis, considering the simultaneous expression of miR-221-3p and miR-222-3p as dependent variables, revealed statistically significant distinctions when accounting for variables such as tissue depot, obesity, sex, and T2D as independent factors. Furthermore, both miRNAs and their TGs exhibited differential expression patterns based on obesity severity, glycemic status, sex, and type of AT depot. Our in silico analysis indicated that miR-221-3p/222-3p cluster TGs predominantly participate in angiogenesis, WNT signaling, and apoptosis pathways. In conclusion, these findings underscore a promising avenue for future research, emphasizing the miR-221-3p/222-3p cluster and its associated regulatory networks as potential targets for addressing obesity and related metabolic disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adriana-Mariel Gentile
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, 29580 Málaga, Spain; (A.-M.G.); (S.L.); (E.G.-F.); (F.-J.B.-S.); (G.R.-M.); (G.O.)
- Clinical Unit of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Regional Hospital of Málaga, 29009 Málaga, Spain
| | - Said Lhamyani
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, 29580 Málaga, Spain; (A.-M.G.); (S.L.); (E.G.-F.); (F.-J.B.-S.); (G.R.-M.); (G.O.)
- Clinical Unit of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Regional Hospital of Málaga, 29009 Málaga, Spain
- Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - María Mengual-Mesa
- Andalucía Tech, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Systems and Automation Engineering, School of Industrial Engineering, Universidad de Málaga, Teatinos Campus, 29071 Málaga, Spain;
| | - Eduardo García-Fuentes
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, 29580 Málaga, Spain; (A.-M.G.); (S.L.); (E.G.-F.); (F.-J.B.-S.); (G.R.-M.); (G.O.)
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Aparato Digestivo, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, 29010 Málaga, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Málaga, Spain
| | - Francisco-Javier Bermúdez-Silva
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, 29580 Málaga, Spain; (A.-M.G.); (S.L.); (E.G.-F.); (F.-J.B.-S.); (G.R.-M.); (G.O.)
- Clinical Unit of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Regional Hospital of Málaga, 29009 Málaga, Spain
- The Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Gemma Rojo-Martínez
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, 29580 Málaga, Spain; (A.-M.G.); (S.L.); (E.G.-F.); (F.-J.B.-S.); (G.R.-M.); (G.O.)
- Clinical Unit of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Regional Hospital of Málaga, 29009 Málaga, Spain
- The Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Mercedes Clemente-Postigo
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital, 29010 Málaga, Spain
- Institute of Biomedical Research in Málaga (IBIMA)-Bionand Platform, 29590 Málaga, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology, Genetics, and Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain
| | - Alberto Rodriguez-Cañete
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Cirugía General, Digestiva y Trasplantes, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain;
| | - Gabriel Olveira
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, 29580 Málaga, Spain; (A.-M.G.); (S.L.); (E.G.-F.); (F.-J.B.-S.); (G.R.-M.); (G.O.)
- Clinical Unit of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Regional Hospital of Málaga, 29009 Málaga, Spain
- The Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Medicina y Cirugía, Universidad de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain
| | - Rajaa El Bekay
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, 29580 Málaga, Spain; (A.-M.G.); (S.L.); (E.G.-F.); (F.-J.B.-S.); (G.R.-M.); (G.O.)
- Clinical Unit of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Regional Hospital of Málaga, 29009 Málaga, Spain
- Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- IBIMA-Plataforma Bionand, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Haidar A, Horwich T. Obesity, Cardiorespiratory Fitness, and Cardiovascular Disease. Curr Cardiol Rep 2023; 25:1565-1571. [PMID: 37831388 PMCID: PMC10682063 DOI: 10.1007/s11886-023-01975-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Obesity, generally defined by body mass index (BMI), is an established risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD), while cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) decreases risk. In chronic CVD, an obesity survival paradox in which higher BMI is associated with improved prognosis has been reported. This paper will examine the effect of obesity on CVD risk, explore obesity as a risk factor in patients with established CVD, and investigate the relationship between CRF, obesity, and CVD. RECENT FINDINGS Through metabolic and hemodynamic changes, obesity increases the risk for CVD and contributes to the development of other cardiovascular risk factors such as diabetes, dyslipidemia, and hypertension. Obesity is associated with metabolic, hormonal, and inflammatory changes that leads to atherosclerosis increasing the risk for coronary artery disease, and myocardial remodeling increasing the risk for heart failure. However, it has also been observed that overweight/obese patients with established CVD have a better prognosis when compared to non-obese individuals termed the obesity paradox. CRF is a vital component of health associated with improved cardiovascular outcomes and furthermore has been shown to markedly attenuate or nullify the relationship between obesity and CVD risk/prognosis. Increasing CRF mitigates CVD risk factors and improves overall prognosis in CVD regardless of obesity status.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amier Haidar
- Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Tamara Horwich
- Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Song Q, diFlorio-Alexander RM, Sieberg RT, Dwan D, Boyce W, Stumetz K, Patel SD, Karagas MR, MacKenzie TA, Hassanpour S. Automated classification of fat-infiltrated axillary lymph nodes on screening mammograms. Br J Radiol 2023; 96:20220835. [PMID: 37751215 PMCID: PMC10607412 DOI: 10.1259/bjr.20220835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Fat-infiltrated axillary lymph nodes (LNs) are unique sites for ectopic fat deposition. Early studies showed a strong correlation between fatty LNs and obesity-related diseases. Confirming this correlation requires large-scale studies, hindered by scarce labeled data. With the long-term goal of developing a rapid and generalizable tool to aid data labeling, we developed an automated deep learning (DL)-based pipeline to classify the status of fatty LNs on screening mammograms. METHODS Our internal data set included 886 mammograms from a tertiary academic medical institution, with a binary status of the fat-infiltrated LNs based on the size and morphology of the largest visible axillary LN. A two-stage DL model training and fine-tuning pipeline was developed to classify the fat-infiltrated LN status using the internal training and development data set. The model was evaluated on a held-out internal test set and a subset of the Digital Database for Screening Mammography. RESULTS Our model achieved 0.97 (95% CI: 0.94-0.99) accuracy and 1.00 (95% CI: 1.00-1.00) area under the receiver operator characteristic curve on 264 internal testing mammograms, and 0.82 (95% CI: 0.77-0.86) accuracy and 0.87 (95% CI: 0.82-0.91) area under the receiver operator characteristic curve on 70 external testing mammograms. CONCLUSION This study confirmed the feasibility of using a DL model for fat-infiltrated LN classification. The model provides a practical tool to identify fatty LNs on mammograms and to allow for future large-scale studies to evaluate the role of fatty LNs as an imaging biomarker of obesity-associated pathologies. ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE Our study is the first to classify fatty LNs using an automated DL approach.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qingyuan Song
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, New Hampshire, United States
| | | | - Ryan T. Sieberg
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, United States
| | - Dennis Dwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Carney Hospital, Dorchester, Massachusetts, United States
| | - William Boyce
- Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, New Hampshire, United States
| | - Kyle Stumetz
- Department of Radiology, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire, United States
| | - Sohum D. Patel
- Department of Radiology, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire, United States
| | - Margaret R. Karagas
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, New Hampshire, United States
| | - Todd A. MacKenzie
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, New Hampshire, United States
| | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Zhang Z, Li L, Hu Z, Zhou L, Zhang Z, Xiong Y, Yao Y. The causal associations of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease with blood pressure and the mediating effects of cardiometabolic risk factors: A Mendelian randomization study. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2023; 33:2151-2159. [PMID: 37580235 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2023.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is prevalent in hypertensive people, but the causal effect remains unclear. We employed Mendelian randomization (MR) approach to assess the causality between NAFLD and different blood pressure (BP) parameters. METHOD AND RESULTS Instrumental variables for genetically predicted NAFLD, including chronically elevated serum alanine aminotransferase levels (cALT) and imaging and biopsy-confirmed NAFLD, were obtained from a genome-wide association study (N = 164,197). Multiple MR methods were implemented, including Inverse variance weighted, MR-Egger, Maximum likelihood, Weighted median, Simple median, Penalised weighted median, MR-RAPS, and cML-MA. Outliers were detected using MR-PRESSO, and pleiotropy was assessed using MR-Egger intercept and Phenoscanner. Heterogeneity was quantified using Cochran's Q and Rucker's Q' tests. Potential shared risk factors were analyzed to reveal the mediating effect. A higher genetic predisposition to cALT was causally associated with an increased risk of elevated BP levels, resulting in 0.65 mmHg (95% CI, 0.42-0.87), 0.38 mmHg (95% CI, 0.25-0.50) and 0.33 mmHg (95% CI, 0.22-0.44) higher for systolic BP, diastolic BP and pulse pressure, respectively. When more stringent criteria were used, imaging and biopsy-confirmed NAFLD showed a 1.12 mmHg (95% CI, 0.94-1.30) increase in SBP and a 0.55 mmHg (95% CI, 0.39-0.70) increase in DBP. Risk factor and mediation analyses suggested type 2 diabetes and fasting insulin levels might mediate the causal relationship between NAFLD and BP. CONCLUSION The two-sample MR analyses showed robust causal effects of genetically predicted NAFLD on 3 different BP indices. The shared genetic profile between NAFLD and BP may suggest important therapeutic targets and early interventions for cardiometabolic risk factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhuxin Zhang
- Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, National Key Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Le Li
- Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, National Key Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zhao Hu
- Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, National Key Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Likun Zhou
- Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, National Key Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenhao Zhang
- Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, National Key Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yulong Xiong
- Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, National Key Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Yao
- Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, National Key Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Bhullar SK, Dhalla NS. Status of Mitochondrial Oxidative Phosphorylation during the Development of Heart Failure. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1941. [PMID: 38001794 PMCID: PMC10669359 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12111941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are specialized organelles, which serve as the "Power House" to generate energy for maintaining heart function. These organelles contain various enzymes for the oxidation of different substrates as well as the electron transport chain in the form of Complexes I to V for producing ATP through the process of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). Several studies have shown depressed OXPHOS activity due to defects in one or more components of the substrate oxidation and electron transport systems which leads to the depletion of myocardial high-energy phosphates (both creatine phosphate and ATP). Such changes in the mitochondria appear to be due to the development of oxidative stress, inflammation, and Ca2+-handling abnormalities in the failing heart. Although some investigations have failed to detect any changes in the OXPHOS activity in the failing heart, such results appear to be due to a loss of Ca2+ during the mitochondrial isolation procedure. There is ample evidence to suggest that mitochondrial Ca2+-overload occurs, which is associated with impaired mitochondrial OXPHOS activity in the failing heart. The depression in mitochondrial OXPHOS activity may also be due to the increased level of reactive oxygen species, which are formed as a consequence of defects in the electron transport complexes in the failing heart. Various metabolic interventions which promote the generation of ATP have been reported to be beneficial for the therapy of heart failure. Accordingly, it is suggested that depression in mitochondrial OXPHOS activity plays an important role in the development of heart failure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Naranjan S. Dhalla
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada;
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Malaikah S, Willis SA, Henson J, Sargeant JA, Yates T, Thackray AE, Goltz FR, Roberts MJ, Bodicoat DH, Aithal GP, Stensel DJ, King JA. Associations of objectively measured physical activity, sedentary time and cardiorespiratory fitness with adipose tissue insulin resistance and ectopic fat. Int J Obes (Lond) 2023; 47:1000-1007. [PMID: 37491534 PMCID: PMC10511317 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-023-01350-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Inadequate movement, excess adiposity, and insulin resistance augment cardiometabolic risk. This study examined the associations of objectively measured moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA), sedentary time and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), with adipose tissue insulin resistance and ectopic fat. METHODS Data were combined from two previous experimental studies with community volunteers (n = 141, male = 60%, median (interquartile range) age = 37 (19) years, body mass index (BMI) = 26.1 (6.3) kg·m-2). Adipose tissue insulin resistance was assessed using the adipose tissue insulin resistance index (Adipo-IR); whilst magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to measure liver, visceral (VAT) and subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue (ScAT). Sedentary time and MVPA were measured via an ActiGraph GT3X+ accelerometer. Generalized linear models examined the association of CRF, MVPA, and sedentary time with Adipo-IR and fat depots. Interaction terms explored the moderating influence of age, sex, BMI and CRF. RESULTS After controlling for BMI and cardiometabolic variables, sedentary time was positively associated with Adipo-IR (β = 0.68 AU [95%CI = 0.27 to 1.10], P < 0.001). The association between sedentary time and Adipo-IR was moderated by age, CRF and BMI; such that it was stronger in individuals who were older, had lower CRF and had a higher BMI. Sedentary time was also positively associated with VAT (β = 0.05 L [95%CI = 0.01 to 0.08], P = 0.005) with the relationship being stronger in females than males. CRF was inversely associated with VAT (β = -0.02 L [95%CI = -0.04 to -0.01], P = 0.003) and ScAT (β = -0.10 L [95%CI = -0.13 to -0.06], P < 0.001); with sex and BMI moderating the strength of associations with VAT and ScAT, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Sedentary time is positively associated with adipose tissue insulin resistance which regulates lipogenesis and lipolysis. CRF is independently related to central fat storage which is a key risk factor for cardiometabolic disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sundus Malaikah
- National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine, School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust and University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- Clinical Nutrition Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Scott A Willis
- National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine, School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust and University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Joseph Henson
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust and University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Jack A Sargeant
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust and University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Thomas Yates
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust and University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Alice E Thackray
- National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine, School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust and University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Fernanda R Goltz
- National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine, School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust and University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Matthew J Roberts
- National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine, School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust and University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | | | - Guruprasad P Aithal
- Nottingham Digestive Diseases Centre, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and the University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - David J Stensel
- National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine, School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust and University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, Japan
- Department of Sport Science and Physical Education, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Central Ave, Hong Kong
| | - James A King
- National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine, School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK.
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust and University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Preda A, Carbone F, Tirandi A, Montecucco F, Liberale L. Obesity phenotypes and cardiovascular risk: From pathophysiology to clinical management. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2023; 24:901-919. [PMID: 37358728 PMCID: PMC10492705 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-023-09813-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
Obesity epidemic reached the dimensions of a real global health crisis with more than one billion people worldwide living with obesity. Multiple obesity-related mechanisms cause structural, functional, humoral, and hemodynamic alterations with cardiovascular (CV) deleterious effects. A correct assessment of the cardiovascular risk in people with obesity is critical for reducing mortality and preserving quality of life. The correct identification of the obesity status remains difficult as recent evidence suggest that different phenotypes of obesity exist, each one associated with different degrees of CV risk. Diagnosis of obesity cannot depend only on anthropometric parameters but should include a precise assessment of the metabolic status. Recently, the World Heart Federation and World Obesity Federation provided an action plan for management of obesity-related CV risk and mortality, stressing for the instauration of comprehensive structured programs encompassing multidisciplinary teams. In this review we aim at providing an updated summary regarding the different obesity phenotypes, their specific effects on CV risk and differences in clinical management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Federico Carbone
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genoa - Italian Cardiovascular Network, Genoa, Italy
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Amedeo Tirandi
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genoa - Italian Cardiovascular Network, Genoa, Italy
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Montecucco
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genoa - Italian Cardiovascular Network, Genoa, Italy.
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132, Genoa, Italy.
| | - Luca Liberale
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genoa - Italian Cardiovascular Network, Genoa, Italy
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Buitinga M, Veeraiah P, Haans F, Schrauwen-Hinderling VB. Ectopic lipid deposition in muscle and liver, quantified by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2023; 31:2447-2459. [PMID: 37667838 DOI: 10.1002/oby.23865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
Advances in the development of noninvasive imaging techniques have spurred investigations into ectopic lipid deposition in the liver and muscle and its implications in the development of metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes. Computed tomography and ultrasound have been applied in the past, though magnetic resonance-based methods are currently considered the gold standard as they allow more accurate quantitative detection of ectopic lipid stores. This review focuses on methodological considerations of magnetic resonance-based methods to image hepatic and muscle fat fractions, and it emphasizes anatomical and morphological aspects and how these may influence data acquisition, analysis, and interpretation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mijke Buitinga
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Pandichelvam Veeraiah
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Scannexus (Ultra-High Field Imaging Center), Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Faculty of Health Medicine and Life Sciences (FHML), Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Florian Haans
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Vera B Schrauwen-Hinderling
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center and Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Golubeva JA, Sheptulina AF, Elkina AY, Liusina EO, Kiselev AR, Drapkina OM. Which Comes First, Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease or Arterial Hypertension? Biomedicines 2023; 11:2465. [PMID: 37760906 PMCID: PMC10525922 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11092465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and arterial hypertension (AH) are widespread noncommunicable diseases in the global population. Since hypertension and NAFLD are diseases associated with metabolic syndrome, they are often comorbid. In fact, many contemporary published studies confirm the association of these diseases with each other, regardless of whether other metabolic factors, such as obesity, dyslipidemia, and type 2 diabetes mellites, are present. This narrative review considers the features of the association between NAFLD and AH, as well as possible pathophysiological mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julia A. Golubeva
- Department of Fundamental and Applied Aspects of Obesity, National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine, 101990 Moscow, Russia
| | - Anna F. Sheptulina
- Department of Fundamental and Applied Aspects of Obesity, National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine, 101990 Moscow, Russia
- Department of Therapy and Preventive Medicine, A.I. Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, 127473 Moscow, Russia
| | - Anastasia Yu. Elkina
- Department of Fundamental and Applied Aspects of Obesity, National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine, 101990 Moscow, Russia
- Department of Intermediate Level Therapy, Saratov State Medical University, 410012 Saratov, Russia
| | - Ekaterina O. Liusina
- Department of Fundamental and Applied Aspects of Obesity, National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine, 101990 Moscow, Russia
| | - Anton R. Kiselev
- Coordinating Center for Fundamental Research, National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine, 101990 Moscow, Russia
| | - Oxana M. Drapkina
- Department of Fundamental and Applied Aspects of Obesity, National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine, 101990 Moscow, Russia
- Department of Therapy and Preventive Medicine, A.I. Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, 127473 Moscow, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Zhang QH, Chen LH, An Q, Pi P, Dong YF, Zhao Y, Wang N, Fang X, Pu RW, Song QW, Lin LJ, Liu JH, Liu AL. Quantification of the renal sinus fat and exploration of its relationship with ectopic fat deposition in normal subjects using MRI fat fraction mapping. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1187781. [PMID: 37621645 PMCID: PMC10446762 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1187781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose To determine the renal sinus fat (RSF) volume and fat fraction (FF) in normal Chinese subjects using MRI fat fraction mapping and to explore their associations with age, gender, body mass index (BMI) and ectopic fat deposition. Methods A total of 126 subjects were included in the analysis. RSF volume and FF, visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) area, and hepatic and pancreatic FFs were measured for each subject. The comparisons in gender were determined using two-tailed t-tests or the nonparametric Mann-Whitney U-test for normally or non-normally distributed data for continuous variables and the chi-square test for categorical variables. Comparisons of RFS volume and FF between right and left kidneys were determined using paired sample t-tests. Multivariable logistic models were performed to confirm whether RSF differences between men and women are independent of VAT or SAT area. When parameters were normally distributed, the Pearson correlation coefficient was used; otherwise, the Spearman correlation coefficient was applied. Results The RSF volumes (cm3) of both kidneys in men (26.86 ± 8.81 for right and 31.62 ± 10.32 for left kidneys) were significantly bigger than those of women (21.47 ± 6.90 for right and 26.03 ± 8.55 for left kidneys) (P < 0.05). The RSF FFs (%) of both kidneys in men (28.33 ± 6.73 for right and 31.21 ± 6.29 for left kidneys) were significantly higher than those of the women (23.82 ± 7.74 for right and 27.92 ± 8.15 for left kidneys) (P < 0.05). The RSF differences between men and women are independent of SAT area and dependent of VAT area (except for right RSF volume). In addition, the RSF volumes and FFs in both kidneys in the overall subjects show significant correlations with age, BMI, VAT area, hepatic fat fraction and pancreatic fat fraction (P < 0.05). However, the patterns of these correlations varied by gender. The RSF volume and FF of left kidney were significantly larger than those of the right kidney (P < 0.05). Conclusion The association between renal sinus fat and ectopic fat deposition explored in this study may help establish a consensus on the normal values of RSF volume and FF for the Chinese population. This will facilitate the identification of clinicopathological changes and aid in the investigation of whether RSF volume and FF can serve as early biomarkers for metabolic diseases and renal dysfunction in future studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qin-He Zhang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Li-Hua Chen
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Qi An
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Peng Pi
- Department of Medical Imaging, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yi-Fan Dong
- Department of Medical Imaging, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Ying Zhao
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Nan Wang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Xin Fang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Ren-Wang Pu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Qing-Wei Song
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Liang-Jie Lin
- Clinical & Technical Solutions, Philips Healthcare, Beijing, China
| | - Jing-Hong Liu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Ai-Lian Liu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Visco V, Izzo C, Bonadies D, Di Feo F, Caliendo G, Loria F, Mancusi C, Chivasso P, Di Pietro P, Virtuoso N, Carrizzo A, Vecchione C, Ciccarelli M. Interventions to Address Cardiovascular Risk in Obese Patients: Many Hands Make Light Work. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2023; 10:327. [PMID: 37623340 PMCID: PMC10455377 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd10080327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a growing public health epidemic worldwide and is implicated in slowing improved life expectancy and increasing cardiovascular (CV) risk; indeed, several obesity-related mechanisms drive structural, functional, humoral, and hemodynamic heart alterations. On the other hand, obesity may indirectly cause CV disease, mediated through different obesity-associated comorbidities. Diet and physical activity are key points in preventing CV disease and reducing CV risk; however, these strategies alone are not always sufficient, so other approaches, such as pharmacological treatments and bariatric surgery, must support them. Moreover, these strategies are associated with improved CV risk factors and effectively reduce the incidence of death and CV events such as myocardial infarction and stroke; consequently, an individualized care plan with a multidisciplinary approach is recommended. More precisely, this review explores several interventions (diet, physical activity, pharmacological and surgical treatments) to address CV risk in obese patients and emphasizes the importance of adherence to treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Visco
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (V.V.); (C.I.); (D.B.); (F.D.F.); (G.C.); (F.L.); (P.D.P.); (A.C.); (C.V.)
| | - Carmine Izzo
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (V.V.); (C.I.); (D.B.); (F.D.F.); (G.C.); (F.L.); (P.D.P.); (A.C.); (C.V.)
| | - Davide Bonadies
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (V.V.); (C.I.); (D.B.); (F.D.F.); (G.C.); (F.L.); (P.D.P.); (A.C.); (C.V.)
| | - Federica Di Feo
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (V.V.); (C.I.); (D.B.); (F.D.F.); (G.C.); (F.L.); (P.D.P.); (A.C.); (C.V.)
| | - Giuseppe Caliendo
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (V.V.); (C.I.); (D.B.); (F.D.F.); (G.C.); (F.L.); (P.D.P.); (A.C.); (C.V.)
| | - Francesco Loria
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (V.V.); (C.I.); (D.B.); (F.D.F.); (G.C.); (F.L.); (P.D.P.); (A.C.); (C.V.)
| | - Costantino Mancusi
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, 80138 Naples, Italy;
| | - Pierpaolo Chivasso
- Department of Emergency Cardiac Surgery, Cardio-Thoracic-Vascular, University Hospital “San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi D’Aragona”, 84131 Salerno, Italy;
| | - Paola Di Pietro
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (V.V.); (C.I.); (D.B.); (F.D.F.); (G.C.); (F.L.); (P.D.P.); (A.C.); (C.V.)
| | - Nicola Virtuoso
- Cardiology Unit, University Hospital “San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d’Aragona”, 84131 Salerno, Italy;
| | - Albino Carrizzo
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (V.V.); (C.I.); (D.B.); (F.D.F.); (G.C.); (F.L.); (P.D.P.); (A.C.); (C.V.)
- Vascular Physiopathology Unit, IRCCS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Carmine Vecchione
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (V.V.); (C.I.); (D.B.); (F.D.F.); (G.C.); (F.L.); (P.D.P.); (A.C.); (C.V.)
- Vascular Physiopathology Unit, IRCCS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Michele Ciccarelli
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (V.V.); (C.I.); (D.B.); (F.D.F.); (G.C.); (F.L.); (P.D.P.); (A.C.); (C.V.)
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Morales-Ferra DL, Zavala-Sánchez MÁ, Jiménez-Ferrer E, Trejo-Moreno C, González-Cortazar M, Gamboa-Gómez CI, Guerrero-Romero F, Zamilpa A. Chemical Characterization, Antilipidemic Effect and Anti-Obesity Activity of Ludwigia octovalvis in a Murine Model of Metabolic Syndrome. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2578. [PMID: 37447139 DOI: 10.3390/plants12132578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Ludwigia octovalvis (Jacq.) P.H. Raven is widely used in traditional medicine for different illnesses, including diabetes and hypertension. However, its impact on lipotoxicity and metabolic syndrome in vivo has not been addressed. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of this plant on the metabolic syndrome parameters in a C57BL6J mouse hypercaloric diet model. L. octovalvis hydroalcoholic extract and its ethyl acetate fraction (25 mg/kg/day) were used for sub-chronic assessment (10 weeks). Additionally, four subfractions (25 mg/kg) were evaluated in the postprandial triglyceridemia test in healthy C57BL6J mice. The hydroalcoholic extract and ethyl acetate fraction significantly decreased body weight gain (-6.9 g and -1.5 g), fasting glycemia (-46.1 and -31.2 mg/dL), systolic (-26.0 and -22.5 mmHg) and diastolic (-8.1 and 16.2 mmHg) blood pressure, free fatty acid concentration (-13.8 and -8.0 μg/mL) and insulin-resistance (measured by TyG index, -0.207 and -0.18), compared to the negative control. A postprandial triglyceridemia test showed that the effects in the sub-chronic model are due, at least in part, to improvement in this parameter. L. octovalvis treatments, particularly the hydroalcoholic extract, improve MS alterations and decrease free fatty acid concentration. These effects are possibly due to high contents of corilagin and ellagic acid.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dulce Lourdes Morales-Ferra
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica del Sur, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Xochitepec 62790, Mexico
- Doctorado en Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, División de Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana (UAM), Mexico City 04960, Mexico
| | - Miguel Ángel Zavala-Sánchez
- Departamento de Sistemas Biológicos, División de Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana (UAM), Mexico City 04960, Mexico
| | - Enrique Jiménez-Ferrer
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica del Sur, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Xochitepec 62790, Mexico
| | - Celeste Trejo-Moreno
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca 62350, Mexico
| | - Manasés González-Cortazar
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica del Sur, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Xochitepec 62790, Mexico
| | - Claudia I Gamboa-Gómez
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Canoas 100, Durango 34067, Mexico
| | - Fernando Guerrero-Romero
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Canoas 100, Durango 34067, Mexico
| | - Alejandro Zamilpa
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica del Sur, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Xochitepec 62790, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Nachit M, Horsmans Y, Summers RM, Leclercq IA, Pickhardt PJ. AI-based CT Body Composition Identifies Myosteatosis as Key Mortality Predictor in Asymptomatic Adults. Radiology 2023; 307:e222008. [PMID: 37191484 PMCID: PMC10315523 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.222008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Background Body composition data have been limited to adults with disease or older age. The prognostic impact in otherwise asymptomatic adults is unclear. Purpose To use artificial intelligence-based body composition metrics from routine abdominal CT scans in asymptomatic adults to clarify the association between obesity, liver steatosis, myopenia, and myosteatosis and the risk of mortality. Materials and Methods In this retrospective single-center study, consecutive adult outpatients undergoing routine colorectal cancer screening from April 2004 to December 2016 were included. Using a U-Net algorithm, the following body composition metrics were extracted from low-dose, noncontrast, supine multidetector abdominal CT scans: total muscle area, muscle density, subcutaneous and visceral fat area, and volumetric liver density. Abnormal body composition was defined by the presence of liver steatosis, obesity, muscle fatty infiltration (myosteatosis), and/or low muscle mass (myopenia). The incidence of death and major adverse cardiovascular events were recorded during a median follow-up of 8.8 years. Multivariable analyses were performed accounting for age, sex, smoking status, myosteatosis, liver steatosis, myopenia, type 2 diabetes, obesity, visceral fat, and history of cardiovascular events. Results Overall, 8982 consecutive outpatients (mean age, 57 years ± 8 [SD]; 5008 female, 3974 male) were included. Abnormal body composition was found in 86% (434 of 507) of patients who died during follow-up. Myosteatosis was found in 278 of 507 patients (55%) who died (15.5% absolute risk at 10 years). Myosteatosis, obesity, liver steatosis, and myopenia were associated with increased mortality risk (hazard ratio [HR]: 4.33 [95% CI: 3.63, 5.16], 1.27 [95% CI: 1.06, 1.53], 1.86 [95% CI: 1.56, 2.21], and 1.75 [95% CI: 1.43, 2.14], respectively). In 8303 patients (excluding 679 patients without complete data), after multivariable adjustment, myosteatosis remained associated with increased mortality risk (HR, 1.89 [95% CI: 1.52, 2.35]; P < .001). Conclusion Artificial intelligence-based profiling of body composition from routine abdominal CT scans identified myosteatosis as a key predictor of mortality risk in asymptomatic adults. © RSNA, 2023 Supplemental material is available for this article. See also the editorial by Tong and Magudia in this issue.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maxime Nachit
- From the Laboratory of Hepato-Gastroenterology, Institut de Recherche
Expérimentale et Clinique, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium (M.N., I.A.L.);
Service d'Hépato-Gastro-Entérologie, Cliniques
Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium (Y.H.); Imaging Biomarkers and
Computer-Aided Diagnosis Laboratory, Radiology and Imaging Sciences, National
Institutes of Health Clinical Center, Bethesda, Md (R.M.S.); and Department of
Radiology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine & Public Health,
Madison, Wis (P.J.P.)
| | - Yves Horsmans
- From the Laboratory of Hepato-Gastroenterology, Institut de Recherche
Expérimentale et Clinique, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium (M.N., I.A.L.);
Service d'Hépato-Gastro-Entérologie, Cliniques
Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium (Y.H.); Imaging Biomarkers and
Computer-Aided Diagnosis Laboratory, Radiology and Imaging Sciences, National
Institutes of Health Clinical Center, Bethesda, Md (R.M.S.); and Department of
Radiology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine & Public Health,
Madison, Wis (P.J.P.)
| | - Ronald M. Summers
- From the Laboratory of Hepato-Gastroenterology, Institut de Recherche
Expérimentale et Clinique, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium (M.N., I.A.L.);
Service d'Hépato-Gastro-Entérologie, Cliniques
Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium (Y.H.); Imaging Biomarkers and
Computer-Aided Diagnosis Laboratory, Radiology and Imaging Sciences, National
Institutes of Health Clinical Center, Bethesda, Md (R.M.S.); and Department of
Radiology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine & Public Health,
Madison, Wis (P.J.P.)
| | - Isabelle A. Leclercq
- From the Laboratory of Hepato-Gastroenterology, Institut de Recherche
Expérimentale et Clinique, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium (M.N., I.A.L.);
Service d'Hépato-Gastro-Entérologie, Cliniques
Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium (Y.H.); Imaging Biomarkers and
Computer-Aided Diagnosis Laboratory, Radiology and Imaging Sciences, National
Institutes of Health Clinical Center, Bethesda, Md (R.M.S.); and Department of
Radiology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine & Public Health,
Madison, Wis (P.J.P.)
| | - Perry J. Pickhardt
- From the Laboratory of Hepato-Gastroenterology, Institut de Recherche
Expérimentale et Clinique, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium (M.N., I.A.L.);
Service d'Hépato-Gastro-Entérologie, Cliniques
Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium (Y.H.); Imaging Biomarkers and
Computer-Aided Diagnosis Laboratory, Radiology and Imaging Sciences, National
Institutes of Health Clinical Center, Bethesda, Md (R.M.S.); and Department of
Radiology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine & Public Health,
Madison, Wis (P.J.P.)
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Coronado-Alvarado CD, Limon-Miro AT, Mendivil-Alvarado H, Lizardi-Mendoza J, Carvajal-Millan E, Méndez-Estrada RO, González-Ríos H, Astiazaran-Garcia H. Biophysical Parameters of Plasma-Derived Extracellular Vesicles as Potential Biomarkers of Bone Disturbances in Breast Cancer Patients Receiving an Individualized Nutrition Intervention. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15081963. [PMID: 37111181 PMCID: PMC10141602 DOI: 10.3390/nu15081963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are implicated in several biological conditions, including bone metabolism disturbances in breast cancer patients (BCPs). These disorders hinder the adjustment of nutrition interventions due to changes in bone mineral density (BMD). The biophysical properties of EVs (e.g., size or electrostatic repulsion) affect their cellular uptake, however, their clinical relevance is unclear. In this study, we aimed to investigate the association between the biophysical properties of the plasma-derived EVs and BMDs in BCPs who received an individualized nutrition intervention during the first six months of antineoplastic treatment. As part of the nutritional assessment before and after the intervention, body composition including bone densitometry and plasma samples were obtained. In 16 BCPs, EVs were isolated using ExoQuick® and their biophysical properties were analyzed using light-scattering techniques. We found that the average hydrodynamic diameter of large EVs was associated with femoral neck bone mineral content, lumbar spine BMD, and neoplasms' molecular subtypes. These results provide evidence that EVs play a role in BCPs' bone disorders and suggest that the biophysical properties of EVs may serve as potential nutritional biomarkers. Further studies are needed to evaluate EVs' biophysical properties as potential nutritional biomarkers in a clinical context.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos D Coronado-Alvarado
- Departamento de Nutrición y Metabolismo, Coordinación de Nutrición, CIAD, A.C., Hermosillo 83304, Mexico
| | - Ana Teresa Limon-Miro
- Departamento de Nutrición y Metabolismo, Coordinación de Nutrición, CIAD, A.C., Hermosillo 83304, Mexico
- Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R7, Canada
| | - Herminia Mendivil-Alvarado
- Departamento de Nutrición y Metabolismo, Coordinación de Nutrición, CIAD, A.C., Hermosillo 83304, Mexico
| | - Jaime Lizardi-Mendoza
- Coordinación de Tecnología de Alimentos de Origen Animal, CIAD, A.C., Hermosillo 83304, Mexico
| | | | - Rosa Olivia Méndez-Estrada
- Departamento de Nutrición y Metabolismo, Coordinación de Nutrición, CIAD, A.C., Hermosillo 83304, Mexico
| | - Humberto González-Ríos
- Coordinación de Tecnología de Alimentos de Origen Animal, CIAD, A.C., Hermosillo 83304, Mexico
| | - Humberto Astiazaran-Garcia
- Departamento de Nutrición y Metabolismo, Coordinación de Nutrición, CIAD, A.C., Hermosillo 83304, Mexico
- Dpto de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Universidad de Sonora, Hermosillo 83000, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Wan Q, Calhoun C, Zahr T, Qiang L. Uncoupling Lipid Synthesis from Adipocyte Development. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11041132. [PMID: 37189751 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11041132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity results from the expansion of adipose tissue, a versatile tissue regulating energy homeostasis, adipokine secretion, thermogenesis, and inflammation. The primary function of adipocytes is thought to be lipid storage through lipid synthesis, which is presumably intertwined with adipogenesis. However, during prolonged fasting, adipocytes are depleted of lipid droplets yet retain endocrine function and an instant response to nutrients. This observation led us to question whether lipid synthesis and storage can be uncoupled from adipogenesis and adipocyte function. By inhibiting key enzymes in the lipid synthesis pathway during adipocyte development, we demonstrated that a basal level of lipid synthesis is essential for adipogenesis initiation but not for maturation and maintenance of adipocyte identity. Furthermore, inducing dedifferentiation of mature adipocytes abrogated adipocyte identity but not lipid storage. These findings suggest that lipid synthesis and storage are not the defining features of adipocytes and raise the possibility of uncoupling lipid synthesis from adipocyte development to achieve smaller and healthier adipocytes for the treatment of obesity and related disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qianfen Wan
- Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Carmen Calhoun
- Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Tarik Zahr
- Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Li Qiang
- Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Palmitic Acid Inhibits Myogenic Activity and Expression of Myosin Heavy Chain MHC IIb in Muscle Cells through Phosphorylation-Dependent MyoD Inactivation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065847. [PMID: 36982919 PMCID: PMC10054354 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia associated with aging and obesity is characterized by the atrophy of fast-twitch muscle fibers and an increase in intramuscular fat deposits. However, the mechanism of fast-twitch fiber-specific atrophy remains unclear. In this study, we aimed to assess the effect of palmitic acid (PA), the most common fatty acid component of human fat, on muscle fiber type, focusing on the expression of fiber-type-specific myosin heavy chain (MHC). Myotubes differentiated from C2C12 myoblasts were treated with PA. The PA treatment inhibited myotube formation and hypertrophy while reducing the gene expression of MHC IIb and IIx, specific isoforms of fast-twitch fibers. Consistent with this, a significant suppression of MHC IIb protein expression in PA-treated cells was observed. A reporter assay using plasmids containing the MHC IIb gene promoter revealed that the PA-induced reduction in MHC IIb gene expression was caused by the suppression of MyoD transcriptional activity through its phosphorylation. Treatment with a specific protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor recovered the reduction in MHC IIb gene expression levels in PA-treated cells, suggesting the involvement of the PA-induced activation of PKC. Thus, PA selectively suppresses the mRNA and protein expression of fast-twitch MHC by modulating MyoD activity. This finding provides a potential pathogenic mechanism for age-related sarcopenia.
Collapse
|
27
|
YİLDİRİM SİMSİR I, SOYALTİN UE, CETİNKALP S, AKİNCİ B. The subtleties of insulin treatment in patients with lipodystrophy. EGE TIP DERGISI 2023. [DOI: 10.19161/etd.1262624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
In the treatment of Diabetes Mellitus (DM), which develops on the basis of insulin resistance in
patients with lipodystrophy (LD) often require high doses of insulin. Traditionally in practice is to
gradually increase the insulin doses to achieve blood glucose normalization.
The fact that high insulin doses require a larger injection volume, which causes impairment in the
absorption of insulin from the subcutaneous tissue to the circulation.
In this article, we discussed the clinical approach to insulin practice in the treatment of DM in patients
with LD and reviewed systematically the literature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ilgin YİLDİRİM SİMSİR
- Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism Disorders, Izmir, Türkiye
| | - Utku Erdem SOYALTİN
- Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism Disorders, Izmir, Türkiye
| | - Sevki CETİNKALP
- Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism Disorders, Izmir, Türkiye
| | - Baris AKİNCİ
- Dokuz Eylul University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism Disorders, Izmir, Türkiye
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Risk Factors of Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in the Iranian Adult Population: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. HEPATITIS MONTHLY 2023. [DOI: 10.5812/hepatmon-131523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
Context: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is progressing considerably worldwide. Identifying the risk factors of NAFLD is a critical step in preventing its progression. Methods: In November 2022, two independent researchers studied seven databases, including PubMed, ISI/WoS, ProQuest, Scopus, SID, Magiran, and Google Scholar, and reference list of relevant articles, searching studies that assessed NAFLD risk factors in the Iranian adult population. Heterogeneity between studies was assessed by Cochran’s test and its composition using I2 statistics. A random-effects model was used when heterogeneity was observed; otherwise, a fixed-effects model was applied. Egger’s regression test and Trim-and-Fill analysis were used to assess publication bias. Comprehensive Meta-analysis software (version 3) was used for the analyses of the present study. Results: The results of this study showed significant associations between NAFLD with age [n = 15, odds ratio (OR) = 2.12, 95% CI: 1.79 - 2.51], body mass index (n = 46, OR = 5.00, 95% CI: 3.34 - 7.49), waist circumference (n = 20, OR = 6.37, 95% CI: 3.25 - 12.48), waist-to-hip ratio (n = 17, OR = 4.72, 95% CI: 3.93 - 5.66), total cholesterol (n = 39, OR = 1.80, 95% CI: 1.52 - 2.13), high-density lipoprotein (n = 37, OR = 0.53, 95% CI: 0.44 - 0.65), low-density lipoprotein (n = 31, OR = 1.68, 95% CI: 1.38 - 2.05), triglyceride (n = 31, OR = 3.21, 95% CI: 2.67 - 3.87), alanine aminotransferase (n = 26, OR = 4.06, 95% CI: 2.94 - 5.62), aspartate aminotransferase (n = 27, OR = 2.16, 95% CI: 1.50 - 3.12), hypertension (n = 13, OR = 2.53, 95% CI: 2.32 - 2.77), systolic blood pressure (n = 13, OR = 1.83, 95% CI: 1.53 - 2.18), diastolic blood pressure (n = 14, OR = 1.80, 95% CI: 1.48 - 2.20), fasting blood sugar (n = 31,OR = 2.91, 95% CI: 2.11- 4.01), homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (n = 5, OR = 1.92, 95% CI: 1.48 - 2.59), diabetes mellitus (n = 15, OR = 3.04, 95% CI: 2.46 - 3.75), metabolic syndrome (n = 10, OR = 3.56, 95% CI: 2.79 - 4.55), and physical activity (n = 11, OR = 0.32, 95% CI: 0.24 - 0.43) (P < 0.05). Conclusions: In conclusion, several factors are significantly associated with NAFLD. However, anthropometric indices had the strongest relationship with NAFLD in the Iranian adult population.
Collapse
|
29
|
Ali S, Alam R, Ahsan H, Khan S. Role of adipokines (omentin and visfatin) in coronary artery disease. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2023; 33:483-493. [PMID: 36653284 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2022.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Adipose tissue is considered as an endocrine organ that releases bioactive factors known as adipokines which contribute to the pathogenesis of rotundity-linked metabolic and cardiovascular complications. Rotundity is a major predisposer for the development and progression of coronary artery disease (CAD). DATA SYNTHESIS The literature survey from various databases such as Pubmed/Medline, DOAJ, Scopus, Clarivate analytics/Web of Science and Google Scholar were used to prepare this article. The epidemic of rotundity has gained significant attention to understand the biology of adipocytes and the metabolism of adipose tissue in obese individuals. In CAD, visfatin/NAMPT was primarily indicated as a clinical marker of atherosclerosis, endothelial dysfunction and vascular injury having a prognostic significance. Visfatin/NAMPT is a factor that promotes vascular inflammation and atherosclerosis. Omentin is an anti-inflammatory and anti-atherogenic adipokine regulating cardiovascular functions. CONCLUSIONS This review highlights and summarizes the scientific information pertaining to the role of the adipokines - omentin and visfatin in CAD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saif Ali
- Department of Biochemistry, Integral Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Integral University, Lucknow, India
| | - Roshan Alam
- Department of Biochemistry, Integral Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Integral University, Lucknow, India
| | - Haseeb Ahsan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi, India
| | - Saba Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, Integral Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Integral University, Lucknow, India.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Couch CA, Fowler LA, Goss AM, Gower BA. Associations of renal sinus fat with blood pressure and ectopic fat in a diverse cohort of adults. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY. CARDIOVASCULAR RISK AND PREVENTION 2023; 16:200165. [PMID: 36874041 PMCID: PMC9975207 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcrp.2022.200165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Background Renal sinus fat (RSF) is an ectopic fat depot shown to be associated with visceral adiposity and hypertension in predominantly white populations. The purpose of this analysis is to investigate RSF and associations between RSF and blood pressure in a cohort of African American (AA) and European American (EA) adults. A secondary purpose was to explore risk factors associated with RSF. Methods Participants were 116 A A and EA adult men and women. Ectopic fat depots were assessed with MRI: RSF, intraabdominal adipose tissue (IAAT), intermuscular adipose tissue (IMAT), perimuscular adipose tissue (PMAT), and liver fat. Cardiovascular measures included diastolic blood pressure (DBP), systolic blood pressure (SBP), pulse pressure, mean arterial pressure, and flow mediated dilation. Matsuda index was calculated for insulin sensitivity. Pearson correlations were used to investigate associations of RSF with cardiovascular measures. Multiple linear regression was used to evaluate contributions of RSF on SBP and DBP and to explore factors associated with RSF. Results No difference was observed in RSF between AA and EA participants. RSF was positively associated with DBP in AA participants, but this was not independent of age and sex. Age, male sex, and total body fat were positively associated with RSF in AA participants. Insulin sensitivity was inversely and IAAT and PMAT were positively associated with RSF in EA participants. Conclusions Differential associations of RSF with age, insulin sensitivity, and adipose depots among AA and EA adults suggest unique pathophysiological mechanisms influence RSF deposition, which may contribute to chronic disease etiology and progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Catharine A. Couch
- Department of Nutrition Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Lauren A. Fowler
- Department of Nutrition Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Amy M. Goss
- Department of Nutrition Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Barbara A. Gower
- Department of Nutrition Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Freitas IN, da Silva Jr JA, de Oliveira KM, Lourençoni Alves B, Dos Reis Araújo T, Camporez JP, Carneiro EM, Davel AP. Insights by which TUDCA is a potential therapy against adiposity. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1090039. [PMID: 36896173 PMCID: PMC9989466 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1090039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue is an organ with metabolic and endocrine activity. White, brown and ectopic adipose tissues have different structure, location, and function. Adipose tissue regulates energy homeostasis, providing energy in nutrient-deficient conditions and storing it in high-supply conditions. To attend to the high demand for energy storage during obesity, the adipose tissue undergoes morphological, functional and molecular changes. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress has been evidenced as a molecular hallmark of metabolic disorders. In this sense, the ER stress inhibitor tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA), a bile acid conjugated to taurine with chemical chaperone activity, has emerged as a therapeutic strategy to minimize adipose tissue dysfunction and metabolic alterations associated with obesity. In this review, we highlight the effects of TUDCA and receptors TGR5 and FXR on adipose tissue in the setting of obesity. TUDCA has been demonstrated to limit metabolic disturbs associated to obesity by inhibiting ER stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in adipocytes. The beneficial effect of TUDCA on perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) function and adiponectin release may be related to cardiovascular protection in obesity, although more studies are needed to clarify the mechanisms. Therefore, TUDCA has emerged as a potential therapeutic strategy for obesity and comorbidities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Israelle Netto Freitas
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - João Paulo Camporez
- Department of Physiology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Everardo Magalhães Carneiro
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Davel
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Ana Paula Davel,
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Choi HN, Lim H, Kim YS, Rhee SY, Yim JE. Differences of Regional Fat Distribution Measured by Magnetic Resonance Imaging According to Obese Phenotype in Koreans. Metab Syndr Relat Disord 2022; 20:551-557. [PMID: 36269325 DOI: 10.1089/met.2022.0044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Obesity is commonly associated with a high risk of metabolic disorders, and obesity-related metabolic abnormalities are affected by some specific obesity phenotypes, regional fat distribution, and body mass index. However, few studies have investigated the relationship between obesity phenotypes and regional fat distribution in Korean subjects. This study aimed to assess regional fat distribution by gender using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and to identify a link between fat distribution and metabolic disorders in Korean subjects. Methods: This study included 35 Korean subjects (20 women, 15 men) who were classified into two groups by gender, and further divided into two groups based on their obesity phenotype: a metabolically abnormal obesity (MAO) and metabolically healthy obesity (MHO) group. Fat distribution was measured using MRI. The blood parameters were measured using a commercially available kit. Results: Women in the MAO group had more risk factors for metabolic abnormalities than those in the MHO group. Serum glucose, triglyceride, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels were also significantly higher in women with MAO than in those with MHO. The intermuscular adipose tissue (IMAT) of women with MAO was significantly higher than that of women with MHO. Serum HDL-C level was negatively correlated with IMAT, whereas leptin showed a positive correlation with IMAT in all subjects. Conclusions: Metabolic abnormalities according to obesity phenotype posed a higher risk in women than that in men. These findings suggest that an understanding of gender differences in relation to the association between obesity and metabolic risk would be helpful to reduce the prevalence of obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ha-Neul Choi
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Changwon National University, Changwon, Korea
| | - Hyunjung Lim
- Department of Medical Nutrition, Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Yong-in, Korea.,Research Institute of Medical Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young-Seol Kim
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang-Youl Rhee
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung-Eun Yim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Changwon National University, Changwon, Korea.,Interdisciplinary Program in Senior Human Ecology (BK21 Four Program), Changwon National University, Changwon, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Marron MM, Cvejkus RK, Acevedo-Fontanez AI, Kuipers AL, Nair S, Carr JJ, Terry JG, Wheeler V, Miljkovic I. Replacing sedentary time with light activity was associated with less adiposity across several depots in African ancestry men. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2022; 30:2489-2496. [PMID: 36415998 PMCID: PMC9832382 DOI: 10.1002/oby.23582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to determine whether displacement of sedentary time with activity was cross-sectionally associated with less adiposity among Black Caribbean men in the Tobago Health Study. METHODS Objectively assessed activity was categorized as sedentary (< 1.5 metabolic equivalents; METs), light (≥ 1.5 to < 3.0 METs), or moderate-to-vigorous (≥ 3.0 METs) using the SenseWear Pro armband. Computed tomography scans of the chest, abdomen, liver, and thigh were used to assess subcutaneous and ectopic adipose tissue. The isotemporal substitution framework paired with linear regression was used to examine associations between activity and adiposity adjusting for age, height, total awake time, and multiple comparisons. RESULTS On average, participants (n = 271) were 63 years old with 11.2 h/d of sedentary behavior, 4.5 h/d of light activity, and 54 min/d of moderate-to-vigorous activity. Replacing sedentary time with light activity was cross-sectionally associated with lower volume and higher density of abdominal and thigh subcutaneous adiposity, visceral adiposity, abdominal and thigh intermuscular adiposity, and pericardial adiposity and higher liver attenuation (p values ≤ 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS Displacement of sedentary time with light activity was associated with less adiposity among this Black Caribbean cohort. Interventions focused on increasing light activity may be easier to maintain than higher intensity interventions and thus may be more successful at reducing adiposity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Megan M. Marron
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Ryan K. Cvejkus
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Adrianna I. Acevedo-Fontanez
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Allison L. Kuipers
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Sangeeta Nair
- Department of Radiology & Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medicine Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - John Jeffrey Carr
- Department of Radiology & Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medicine Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - James G. Terry
- Department of Radiology & Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medicine Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Victor Wheeler
- Tobago Health Studies Office, Scarborough, Trinidad and Tobago
| | - Iva Miljkovic
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Impact of Dysfunctional Adipose Tissue Depots on the Cardiovascular System. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232214296. [PMID: 36430774 PMCID: PMC9695168 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232214296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity with its associated complications represents a social, economic and health problem of utmost importance worldwide. Specifically, obese patients carry a significantly higher risk of developing cardiovascular disease compared to nonobese individuals. Multiple molecular mechanisms contribute to the impaired biological activity of the distinct adipose tissue depots in obesity, including secretion of proinflammatory mediators and reactive oxygen species, ultimately leading to an unfavorable impact on the cardiovascular system. This review summarizes data relating to the contribution of the main adipose tissue depots, including both remote (i.e., intra-abdominal, hepatic, skeletal, pancreatic, renal, and mesenteric adipose fat), and cardiac (i.e., the epicardial fat) adipose locations, on the cardiovascular system. Finally, we discuss both pharmacological and non-pharmacological strategies aimed at reducing cardiovascular risk through acting on adipose tissues, with particular attention to the epicardial fat.
Collapse
|
35
|
Leiu KH, Poppitt SD, Miles-Chan JL, Sequeira IR. Fatty Pancreas and Cardiometabolic Risk: Response of Ectopic Fat to Lifestyle and Surgical Interventions. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14224873. [PMID: 36432559 PMCID: PMC9693202 DOI: 10.3390/nu14224873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Ectopic fat accumulation in non-adipose organs, such as the pancreas and liver, is associated with an increased risk of cardiometabolic disease. While clinical trials have focused on interventions to decrease body weight and liver fat, ameliorating pancreatic fat can be crucial but successful intervention strategies are not yet defined. We identified twenty-two published studies which quantified pancreatic fat during dietary, physical activity, and/or bariatric surgery interventions targeted at body weight and adipose mass loss alongside their subsequent effect on metabolic outcomes. Thirteen studies reported a significant decrease in body weight, utilising weight-loss diets (n = 2), very low-energy diets (VLED) (n = 2), isocaloric diets (n = 1), a combination of diet and physical activity (n = 2), and bariatric surgery (n = 5) including a comparison with VLED (n = 1). Surgical intervention achieved the largest decrease in pancreatic fat (range: -18.2% to -67.2%) vs. a combination of weight-loss diets, isocaloric diets, and/or VLED (range: -10.2% to -42.3%) vs. diet and physical activity combined (range: -0.6% to -3.9%), with a concurrent decrease in metabolic outcomes. While surgical intervention purportedly is the most effective strategy to decrease pancreas fat content and improve cardiometabolic health, the procedure is invasive and may not be accessible to most individuals. Given that dietary intervention is the cornerstone for the prevention of adverse metabolic health, the alternative approaches appear to be the use of weight-loss diets or VLED meal replacements, which are shown to decrease pancreatic fat and associated cardiometabolic risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kok Hong Leiu
- Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland 1024, New Zealand
- High Value Nutrition, National Science Challenge, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - Sally D. Poppitt
- Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland 1024, New Zealand
- High Value Nutrition, National Science Challenge, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
- Department of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
- Riddet Centre of Research Excellence (CoRE) for Food and Nutrition, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
| | - Jennifer L. Miles-Chan
- Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland 1024, New Zealand
- High Value Nutrition, National Science Challenge, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
- Riddet Centre of Research Excellence (CoRE) for Food and Nutrition, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
| | - Ivana R. Sequeira
- Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland 1024, New Zealand
- High Value Nutrition, National Science Challenge, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +64-09-6301162
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Adipose Tissue Dysfunction in Obesity: Role of Mineralocorticoid Receptor. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14224735. [PMID: 36432422 PMCID: PMC9699173 DOI: 10.3390/nu14224735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) acts as an essential regulator of blood pressure, volume status, and electrolyte balance. However, in recent decades, a growing body of evidence has suggested that MR may also have a role in mediating pro-inflammatory, pro-oxidative, and pro-fibrotic changes in several target organs, including the adipose tissue. The finding that MR is overexpressed in the adipose tissue of patients with obesity has led to the hypothesis that this receptor can contribute to adipokine dysregulation and low-grade chronic inflammation, alterations that are linked to the development of obesity-related metabolic and cardiovascular complications. Moreover, several studies in animal models have investigated the role of MR antagonists (MRAs) in preventing the metabolic alterations observed in obesity. In the present review we will focus on the potential mechanisms by which MR activation can contribute to adipose tissue dysfunction in obesity and on the possible beneficial effects of MRAs in this setting.
Collapse
|
37
|
Poggi AL, Gaborit B, Schindler TH, Liberale L, Montecucco F, Carbone F. Epicardial fat and atrial fibrillation: the perils of atrial failure. Europace 2022; 24:1201-1212. [PMID: 35274140 DOI: 10.1093/europace/euac015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a heterogeneous condition, characterized by different phenotypes and for which the classical assessment with body mass index may underestimate the real impact on cardiovascular (CV) disease burden. An epidemiological link between obesity and atrial fibrillation (AF) has been clearly demonstrated and becomes even more tight when ectopic (i.e. epicardial) fat deposition is considered. Due to anatomical and functional features, a tight paracrine cross-talk exists between epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) and myocardium, including the left atrium (LA). Alongside-and even without-mechanical atrial stretch, the dysfunctional EAT may determine a pro-inflammatory environment in the surrounding myocardial tissue. This evidence has provided a new intriguing pathophysiological link with AF, which in turn is no longer considered a single entity but rather the final stage of atrial remodelling. This maladaptive process would indeed include structural, electric, and autonomic derangement that ultimately leads to overt disease. Here, we update how dysfunctional EAT would orchestrate LA remodelling. Maladaptive changes sustained by dysfunctional EAT are driven by a pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic secretome that alters the sinoatrial microenvironment. Structural (e.g. fibro-fatty infiltration) and cellular (e.g. mitochondrial uncoupling, sarcoplasmic reticulum fragmentation, and cellular protein quantity/localization) changes then determine an electrophysiological remodelling that also involves the autonomic nervous system. Finally, we summarize how EAT dysfunction may fit with the standard guidelines for AF. Lastly, we focus on the potential benefit of weight loss and different classes of CV drugs on EAT dysfunction, LA remodelling, and ultimately AF onset and recurrence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Lorenzo Poggi
- Department of Internal Medicine, First Clinic of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Bénédicte Gaborit
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolic Diseases and Nutrition, Pôle ENDO, APHM, Marseille, France
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, INRAE, C2VN Marseille, France
| | - Thomas Hellmut Schindler
- Department of Radiology, Division of Nuclear Medicine, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Luca Liberale
- Department of Internal Medicine, First Clinic of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132 Genoa, Italy
- Department of Internal Medicine, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genoa-Italian Cardiovascular Network, 10 Largo Benzi, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Montecucco
- Department of Internal Medicine, First Clinic of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132 Genoa, Italy
- Department of Internal Medicine, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genoa-Italian Cardiovascular Network, 10 Largo Benzi, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Federico Carbone
- Department of Internal Medicine, First Clinic of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132 Genoa, Italy
- Department of Internal Medicine, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genoa-Italian Cardiovascular Network, 10 Largo Benzi, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Della Pepa G, Brancato V, Costabile G, Salamone D, Corrado A, Vitale M, Cavaliere C, Mancini M, Salvatore M, Luongo D, Riccardi G, Rivellese AA, Annuzzi G, Bozzetto L. An Isoenergetic Multifactorial Diet Reduces Pancreatic Fat and Increases Postprandial Insulin Response in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Diabetes Care 2022; 45:1935-1942. [PMID: 35862001 DOI: 10.2337/dc22-0605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the effect of an isocaloric multifactorial diet with a diet rich in monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) and similar macronutrient composition on pancreatic fat (PF) and postprandial insulin response in type 2 diabetes (T2D). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS According to a randomized controlled parallel-group design, 39 individuals with T2D, 35-75 years old, in satisfactory blood glucose control, were assigned to an 8 week isocaloric intervention with a multifactorial diet rich in MUFA, polyunsaturated fatty acids, fiber, polyphenols, and vitamins (n = 18) or a MUFA-rich diet (n = 21). Before/after the intervention, PF content was measured by the proton-density fat fraction using a three-dimensional mDIXON MRI sequence, and plasma insulin and glucose concentrations were measured over a 4 h test meal with a similar composition as the assigned diet. RESULTS After 8 weeks, PF significantly decreased after the multifactorial diet (from 15.7 ± 6.5% to 14.1 ± 6.3%; P = 0.024), while it did not change after the MUFA diet (from 17.1 ± 10.1% to 18.6 ± 10.6%; P = 0.139) with a significant difference between diets (P = 0.014). Postprandial glucose response was similar in the two groups. Early postprandial insulin response (incremental postprandial areas under the curve [iAUC0-120]) significantly increased with the multifactorial diet (from 36,340 ± 34,954 to 44,138 ± 31,878 pmol/L/min; P = 0.037), while it did not change significantly in the MUFA diet (from 31,754 ± 18,446 to 26,976 ± 12,265 pmol/L/min; P = 0.178), with a significant difference between diets (P = 0.023). Changes in PF inversely correlated with changes in early postprandial insulin response (r = -0.383; P = 0.023). CONCLUSIONS In patients with T2D, an isocaloric multifactorial diet, including several beneficial dietary components, markedly reduced PF. This reduction was associated with an improved postprandial insulin response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Della Pepa
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Giuseppina Costabile
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, Naples, Italy.,Task Force on Microbiome Studies, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Dominic Salamone
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Alessandra Corrado
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Marilena Vitale
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Marcello Mancini
- Institute of Biostructure and Bioimaging of the National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Delia Luongo
- Institute of Biostructure and Bioimaging of the National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - Gabriele Riccardi
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Angela A Rivellese
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, Naples, Italy.,Task Force on Microbiome Studies, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanni Annuzzi
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, Naples, Italy.,Task Force on Microbiome Studies, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Lutgarda Bozzetto
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, Naples, Italy.,Task Force on Microbiome Studies, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Gille B, Galuska CE, Fuchs B, Peleg S. Recent Advances in Studying Age-Associated Lipids Alterations and Dietary Interventions in Mammals. FRONTIERS IN AGING 2022; 2:773795. [PMID: 35822042 PMCID: PMC9261446 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2021.773795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Lipids are involved in a broad spectrum of canonical biological functions, from energy supply and storage by triacylglycerols to membrane formation by sphingolipids, phospholipids and glycolipids. Because of this wide range of functions, there is an overlap between age-associated processes and lipid pathways. Lipidome analysis revealed age-related changes in the lipid composition of various tissues in mice and humans, which were also influenced by diet and gender. Some changes in the lipid profile can be linked to the onset of age-related neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer’s disease. Furthermore, the excessive accumulation of lipid storage organelles, lipid droplets, has significant implications for the development of inflammaging and non-communicable age-related diseases. Dietary interventions such as caloric restriction, time-restrictive eating, and lipid supplementation have been shown to improve pertinent health metrics or even extend life span and thus modulate aging processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benedikt Gille
- Research Group Epigenetics, Metabolism and Longevity, Research Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Christina E Galuska
- Core Facility Metabolomics, Research Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Beate Fuchs
- Core Facility Metabolomics, Research Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Shahaf Peleg
- Research Group Epigenetics, Metabolism and Longevity, Research Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Dummerstorf, Germany.,Institute of Neuroregeneration and Neurorehabilitation, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Lin L, Tan W, Pan X, Tian E, Wu Z, Yang J. Metabolic Syndrome-Related Kidney Injury: A Review and Update. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:904001. [PMID: 35813613 PMCID: PMC9261267 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.904001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) includes visceral obesity, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, and hypertension. The prevalence of MetS is 20-25%, which is an important risk factor for chronic kidney disease (CKD). MetS causes effects on renal pathophysiology, including glomerular hyperfiltration, RAAS, microalbuminuria, profibrotic factors and podocyte injury. This review compares several criteria of MetS and analyzes their differences. MetS and the pathogenesis of CKD includes insulin resistance, obesity, dyslipidemia, inflammation, oxidative stress, and endothelial dysfunction. The intervention of MetS-related renal damage is the focus of this article and includes controlling body weight, hypertension, hyperglycemia, and hyperlipidemia, requiring all components to meet the criteria. In addition, interventions such as endoplasmic reticulum stress, oxidative stress, gut microbiota, body metabolism, appetite inhibition, podocyte apoptosis, and mesenchymal stem cells are reviewed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lirong Lin
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University (Gener Hospital), Chongqing, China
| | - Wei Tan
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University (Gener Hospital), Chongqing, China
| | - Xianfeng Pan
- Department of Nephrology, Chongqing Kaizhou District People’s Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - En Tian
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University (Gener Hospital), Chongqing, China
| | - Zhifeng Wu
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University (Gener Hospital), Chongqing, China
| | - Jurong Yang
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University (Gener Hospital), Chongqing, China
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Mikłosz A, Łukaszuk B, Supruniuk E, Grubczak K, Starosz A, Kusaczuk M, Naumowicz M, Chabowski A. The Phenotype of the Adipocytes Derived from Subcutaneous and Visceral ADMSCs Is Altered When They Originate from Morbidly Obese Women: Is There a Memory Effect? Cells 2022; 11:1435. [PMID: 35563741 PMCID: PMC9099624 DOI: 10.3390/cells11091435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue is an abundant source of mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs). Evidence has suggested that depot-specific ADMSCs (obtained from subcutaneous or visceral adipose tissue-subADMSCs or visADMSCs, respectively) account for differential responses of each depot to metabolic challenges. However, little is known about the phenotype and changes in metabolism of the adipocytes derived from ADMSCs of obese individuals. Therefore, we investigated the phenotypic and metabolic characteristics, particularly the lipid profile, of fully differentiated adipocytes derived from ADMSCs of lean and obese (with/without metabolic syndrome) postmenopausal women. We observed a depot-specific pattern, with more pronounced changes present in the adipocytes obtained from subADMSCs. Namely, chronic oversupply of fatty acids (present in morbid obesity) triggered an increase in CD36/SR-B2 and FATP4 protein content (total and cell surface), which translated to an increased LCFA influx (3H-palmitate uptake). This was associated with the accumulation of TAG and DAG in these cells. Furthermore, we observed that the adipocytes of visADMSCs origin were larger and showed smaller granularity than their counterparts of subADMSCs descent. Although ADMSCs were cultured in vitro, in a fatty acids-deprived environment, obesity significantly influenced the functionality of the progenitor adipocytes, suggesting the existence of a memory effect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Mikłosz
- Department of Physiology, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2C Street, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland; (B.Ł.); (E.S.); (A.C.)
| | - Bartłomiej Łukaszuk
- Department of Physiology, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2C Street, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland; (B.Ł.); (E.S.); (A.C.)
| | - Elżbieta Supruniuk
- Department of Physiology, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2C Street, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland; (B.Ł.); (E.S.); (A.C.)
| | - Kamil Grubczak
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Immune Regulation, Medical University of Bialystok, Waszyngtona 13 Street, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland; (K.G.); (A.S.)
| | - Aleksandra Starosz
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Immune Regulation, Medical University of Bialystok, Waszyngtona 13 Street, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland; (K.G.); (A.S.)
| | - Magdalena Kusaczuk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2A Street, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland;
| | - Monika Naumowicz
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Bialystok, K. Ciolkowskiego 1K Street, 15-245 Bialystok, Poland;
| | - Adrian Chabowski
- Department of Physiology, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2C Street, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland; (B.Ł.); (E.S.); (A.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Haidar A, Taegtmeyer H. Strategies for Imaging Metabolic Remodeling of the Heart in Obesity and Heart Failure. Curr Cardiol Rep 2022; 24:327-335. [PMID: 35107704 PMCID: PMC9074778 DOI: 10.1007/s11886-022-01650-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Define early myocardial metabolic changes among patients with obesity and heart failure, and to describe noninvasive methods and their applications for imaging cardiac metabolic remodeling. RECENT FINDINGS Metabolic remodeling precedes, triggers, and sustains functional and structural remodeling in the stressed heart. Alterations in cardiac metabolism can be assessed by using a variety of molecular probes. The glucose tracer analog, 18F-FDG, and the labeled tracer 11C-palmitate are still the most commonly used tracers to assess glucose and fatty acid metabolism, respectively. The development of new tracer analogs and imaging agents, including those targeting the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR), provides new opportunities for imaging metabolic activities at a molecular level. While the use of cardiac magnetic resonance spectroscopy in the clinical setting is limited to the assessment of intramyocardial and epicardial fat, new technical improvements are likely to increase its usage in the setting of heart failure. Noninvasive imaging methods are an effective tool for the serial assessment of alterations in cardiac metabolism, either during disease progression, or in response to treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amier Haidar
- McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Heinrich Taegtmeyer
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin Street, MSB 1.220, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Fatty Pancreas-Centered Metabolic Basis of Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma: From Obesity, Diabetes and Pancreatitis to Oncogenesis. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10030692. [PMID: 35327494 PMCID: PMC8945032 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10030692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the deadliest types of cancer, and it is currently the third most common cause of cancer death in the U.S.A. Progress in the fight against PDAC has been hampered by an inability to detect it early in the overwhelming majority of patients, and also by the reduced oxygen levels and nutrient perfusion caused by new matrix formation through the activation of stromal cells in the context of desmoplasia. One harbinger of PDAC is excess intrapancreatic fat deposition, namely, fatty pancreas, which specifically affects the tumor macro- and microenvironment in the organ. Over half of PDAC patients have diabetes mellitus (DM) at the time of diagnosis, and fatty pancreas is associated with subsequent DM development. Moreover, there is a strong association between fatty pancreas and fatty liver through obesity, and a higher intrapancreatic fat percentage has been noted in acute pancreatitis patients with DM than in those without DM. All these findings suggest that the link between fatty pancreas and PDAC might occur through metabolic alterations, either DM-related or non-DM-related. Based on clinical, in vivo and in vitro evidence, the current review highlights the etiologies of fatty pancreas (including fatty infiltration and replacement) and the fatty pancreas-associated metabolic alterations involved in oncogenesis to provide crucial targets to prevent, detect, and/or effectively treat PDAC.
Collapse
|
44
|
Stone NJ, Smith SC, Orringer CE, Rigotti NA, Navar AM, Khan SS, Jones DW, Goldberg R, Mora S, Blaha M, Pencina MJ, Grundy SM. Managing Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Risk in Young Adults: JACC State-of-the-Art Review. J Am Coll Cardiol 2022; 79:819-836. [PMID: 35210038 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2021.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
There is a need to identify high-risk features that predict early-onset atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). The authors provide insights to help clinicians identify and address high-risk conditions in the 20- to 39-year age range (young adults). These include tobacco use, elevated blood pressure/hypertension, family history of premature ASCVD, primary severe hypercholesterolemia such as familial hypercholesterolemia, diabetes with diabetes-specific risk-enhancing factors, or the presence of multiple other risk-enhancing factors, including in females, a history of pre-eclampsia or menopause under age 40. The authors update current thinking on lipid risk factors such as triglycerides, non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, apolipoprotein B, or lipoprotein (a) that are useful in understanding an individual's long-term ASCVD risk. The authors review emerging strategies, such as coronary artery calcium and polygenic risk scores in this age group, that have potential clinical utility, but whose best use remains uncertain. Finally, the authors discuss both the obstacles and opportunities for addressing prevention in early adulthood.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Neil J Stone
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
| | - Sidney C Smith
- University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Carl E Orringer
- University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | | | - Ann Marie Navar
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Sadiya S Khan
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Daniel W Jones
- University of Mississippi School of Medicine, Jackson, Mississippi, USA
| | - Ronald Goldberg
- University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Samia Mora
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Michael Blaha
- Johns Hopkins Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Scott M Grundy
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Xie Y, Zhang Y, Qin P, Ping Z, Wang C, Peng X, Chen H, Zhao D, Xu S, Wang L, Wei P, Hu F, Lou Y, Hu D. The association between Chinese Visceral Adipose Index and coronary heart disease: A cohort study in China. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2022; 32:550-559. [PMID: 34961647 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2021.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The purpose of this study is to explore the relationship between Chinese visceral adipose index (CVAI) and the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) in Chinese through a large cohort study. METHODS AND RESULTS This study included 42,165 adults who were without CHD at baseline and who completed at least one annual follow-up between 2009 and 2016. We used the Cox proportional hazards model to estimate Hazard Ratios (HRs) and 95% Confidence Intervals (CIs) for the association between CVAI and risk of CHD. During the median follow-up of 3.36 years (154,808 person years), 520 participants developed CHD, including 374 males and 146 females. Compared with the first quartile of CVAI, the risk of CHD was significantly increased in the fourth quartile of CVAI in multivariate model (HR [95% CI]: 9.92 [5.45, 18.04], P < 0.001). Sensitivity analysis by excluding incident CHD developed in the first two years of follow-up reinforced our results. Gender stratification analyses showed that the relationship between CVAI and CHD risk was higher in males than that in females. The restricted cubic spline showed a non-linear dose-response relationship between CVAI and CHD risk. In addition, CVAI was associated with CHD risk in the subgroups of participants without T2DM, without hypertension, and without fatty liver. CONCLUSION CVAI was significantly associated with the risk of CHD. Individuals should keep CVAI at normal level to prevent CHD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yilin Xie
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, No.1066 Xueyuan Avenue, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanyan Zhang
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, No.1066 Xueyuan Avenue, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, People's Republic of China
| | - Pei Qin
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, No.1066 Xueyuan Avenue, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhao Ping
- Department of Health Management, Beijing Xiaotangshan Hospital, Xiaotangshan Town, Changping, Beijing 102200, People's Republic of China
| | - Changyi Wang
- Department of Non-Communicable Disease Prevention and Control, Shenzhen Nanshan Center for Chronic Disease, No.7 Huaming Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518054, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaolin Peng
- Department of Non-Communicable Disease Prevention and Control, Shenzhen Nanshan Center for Chronic Disease, No.7 Huaming Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518054, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongen Chen
- Department of Non-Communicable Disease Prevention and Control, Shenzhen Nanshan Center for Chronic Disease, No.7 Huaming Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518054, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Zhao
- Department of Non-Communicable Disease Prevention and Control, Shenzhen Nanshan Center for Chronic Disease, No.7 Huaming Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518054, People's Republic of China
| | - Shan Xu
- Department of Non-Communicable Disease Prevention and Control, Shenzhen Nanshan Center for Chronic Disease, No.7 Huaming Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518054, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Non-Communicable Disease Prevention and Control, Shenzhen Nanshan Center for Chronic Disease, No.7 Huaming Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518054, People's Republic of China
| | - Pengfei Wei
- Department of Endocrine, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Fulan Hu
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, No.1066 Xueyuan Avenue, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yanmei Lou
- Department of Health Management, Beijing Xiaotangshan Hospital, Xiaotangshan Town, Changping, Beijing 102200, People's Republic of China.
| | - Dongsheng Hu
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, No.1066 Xueyuan Avenue, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Dysregulated Epicardial Adipose Tissue as a Risk Factor and Potential Therapeutic Target of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction in Diabetes. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12020176. [PMID: 35204677 PMCID: PMC8961672 DOI: 10.3390/biom12020176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular (CV) disease and heart failure (HF) are the leading cause of mortality in type 2 diabetes (T2DM), a metabolic disease which represents a fast-growing health challenge worldwide. Specifically, T2DM induces a cluster of systemic metabolic and non-metabolic signaling which may promote myocardium derangements such as inflammation, fibrosis, and myocyte stiffness, which represent the hallmarks of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). On the other hand, several observational studies have reported that patients with T2DM have an abnormally enlarged and biologically transformed epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) compared with non-diabetic controls. This expanded EAT not only causes a mechanical constriction of the diastolic filling but is also a source of pro-inflammatory mediators capable of causing inflammation, microcirculatory dysfunction and fibrosis of the underlying myocardium, thus impairing the relaxability of the left ventricle and increasing its filling pressure. In addition to representing a potential CV risk factor, emerging evidence shows that EAT may guide the therapeutic decision in diabetic patients as drugs such as metformin, glucagon-like peptide‑1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists and sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2-Is), have been associated with attenuation of EAT enlargement.
Collapse
|
47
|
The effects of voluntary wheel running during weight-loss on biomarkers of hepatic lipid metabolism and inflammation in C57Bl/6J mice. Curr Res Physiol 2022; 5:63-72. [PMID: 35141529 PMCID: PMC8814598 DOI: 10.1016/j.crphys.2022.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of voluntary wheel running (VWR) during weight-loss on hepatic lipid and inflammatory biomarkers using a murine model. To induce obesity, male C57Bl/6 mice were fed a 60% high-fat diet (HF) for 10 weeks. At 10 weeks, weight-loss was promoted by randomizing HF-fed mice to a normal diet (ND) either with (WL + VWR) or without (WL) access to running wheels for 8 weeks. Age-matched dietary control mice were fed either a ND or HF for 18 weeks. Following weight-loss, WL + VWR had a lower body mass compared to all groups despite an average weekly caloric consumption comparable to HF mice. WL + VWR had an increased adiponectin concentration when compared to WL, but no difference between WL and WL + VWR was observed for plasma glucose and lipid biomarkers. When compared to HF, the lower hepatic total lipids in both WL and WL + VWR were associated with increased pAMPK:AMPK and reduced pACC-1:ACC-1 ratios. When compared to WL, WL + VWR resulted in lower hepatic cholesterol and trended to lower hepatic triglyceride. In both WL and WL + VWR, pNF-κB p65:NF-κB p65 ratio was lower than HF and comparable to ND. TGFβ1 and BAMBI protein levels were evaluated as biomarkers for hepatic fibrosis. No differences in TGFβ1 was observed between groups; however, WL and WL + VWR had BAMBI protein levels comparable to ND. Overall, the addition of voluntary exercise resulted in greater weight-loss and improvements in hepatic cholesterol and triglyceride levels; however, limited improvements in hepatic inflammation were observed when compared to weight-loss by diet alone. Despite for greater caloric intake, mice performing voluntary wheel running during weight-loss had greater weight-loss and reductions in hepatic triglyceride and cholesterol levels. Voluntary wheel running during weight-loss increased plasma adiponectin concentration. Voluntary wheel running during weight-loss did not provide observable benefits on biomarkers of hepatic inflammation.
Collapse
|
48
|
Zhang QH, Xie LH, Zhang HN, Liu JH, Zhao Y, Chen LH, Ju Y, Chen AL, Wang N, Song QW, Xie LZ, Liu AL. Magnetic Resonance Imaging Assessment of Abdominal Ectopic Fat Deposition in Correlation With Cardiometabolic Risk Factors. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:820023. [PMID: 35432188 PMCID: PMC9005896 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.820023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Ectopic fat accumulation and abdominal fat distribution may have different cardiometabolic risk profiles. This study aimed to assess the associations between various magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-acquired fat depots and cardiometabolic risk factors. METHODS A total of 320 subjects with median age of 59 years, 148 men and 172 women, were enrolled in the study. Visceral adipose tissue (VAT) area and fat fraction (FF), subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) area and FF at the L1-L2 levels, preperitoneal adipose tissue (pPAT) area and FF, hepatic FF, pancreatic FF, and intramuscular FF were assessed by MRI FF maps. The associations of various MRI-acquired fat depots with blood pressure, glucose, and lipid were examined using sex-stratified linear regression. Logistic regression stratified by sex was used to analyze the association of various MRI-acquired fat depots with the risk of hypertension, T2DM, and dyslipidemia. RESULTS The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) values were >0.9, which suggested good interobserver and intraobserver agreement. VAT area, V/S, hepatic fat, pancreatic fat, and pPAT rather than SAT area were significantly associated with multiple cardiometabolic risk factors (all p < 0.05). However, the patterns of these correlations varied by sex and specific risk factors. Also, VAT and SAT FF were only significantly associated with multiple cardiometabolic risk factors in women (all p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS VAT, hepatic fat, pancreatic fat, and pPAT were associated with cardiovascular metabolic risk factors independent of BMI. The patterns of these correlations were related to gender. These findings further the understanding of the association between ectopic fat deposition and cardiometabolic risk factors and help to better understand the obesity heterogeneity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qin-He Zhang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Lu-Han Xie
- Department of Pathology and Forensics, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Hao-Nan Zhang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Jing-Hong Liu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Ying Zhao
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Li-Hua Chen
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Ye Ju
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - An-Liang Chen
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Nan Wang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Qing-Wei Song
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Li-Zhi Xie
- MR Research, GE Healthcare, Beijing, China
| | - Ai-Lian Liu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- *Correspondence: Ai-Lian Liu,
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Liu J, Fan W, Liu Y, Bu H, Song J, Sun L. Association of Epicardial and Pericardial Adipose Tissue Volumes with Coronary Artery Calcification. Int Heart J 2022; 63:1019-1025. [DOI: 10.1536/ihj.22-006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jingyi Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University
| | - Wenjun Fan
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University
| | - Yixiang Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University
| | - Haiwei Bu
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University
| | - Jian Song
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University
| | - Lixian Sun
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Zhang Y, Xing Z, Zhou K, Jiang S. The Predictive Role of Systemic Inflammation Response Index (SIRI) in the Prognosis of Stroke Patients. Clin Interv Aging 2021; 16:1997-2007. [PMID: 34880606 PMCID: PMC8645951 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s339221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Stroke is a disease associated with high mortality. Many inflammatory indicators such as neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), lymphocyte to monocyte ratio (LMR) and red blood cell distribution width (RDW) have been documented to predict stroke prognosis, their predictive power is limited. A novel inflammatory indicator called systemic inflammatory response index (SIRI) has been advocated to have an essential role in the prognostic assessment of cancer and infectious diseases. In this study, we attempted to assess the prognosis of stroke by SIRI. Moreover, we compared SIRI with other clinical parameters, including NLR, PLR, LMR and RDW. Methods This was a retrospective cohort study. We obtained data of 2450 stroke patients from the Multiparametric Intelligent Monitoring in Intensive Care III database. We used the Cox proportional hazards models to evaluate the relationship between SIRI and all-cause mortality and sepsis. Receiver operating curve (ROC) analysis was used to assess the predictive power of SIRI compared to NLR, PLR, LMR and RDW for the prognosis of stroke. We collected data of 180 patients from the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, which used the Pearson’s correlation coefficient to assess the relationship between SIRI and the National Institute of Health stroke scale (NIHSS). Results After adjusting multiple covariates, we found that SIRI was associated with all-cause mortality in stroke patients. Rising SIRI accompanied by rising mortality. Besides, ROC analysis showed that the area under the curve of SIRI was significantly greater than for NLR, PLR, LMR and RDW. Besides, Pearson’s correlation test confirmed a significant positive correlation between SIRI and NIHSS. Conclusion Elevated SIRI was associated with higher risk of mortality and sepsis and higher stroke severity. Therefore, SIRI is a promising low-grade inflammatory factor for predicting stroke prognosis that outperformed NLR, PLR, LMR, and RDW in predictive power.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yihui Zhang
- Rehabilitation Medicine Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.,Intelligent Rehabilitation Research Center, China-USA Institute for Acupuncture and Rehabilitation, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Zekun Xing
- Neurology Department, Wencheng People's Hospital, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Kecheng Zhou
- Rehabilitation Medicine Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.,Intelligent Rehabilitation Research Center, China-USA Institute for Acupuncture and Rehabilitation, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Songhe Jiang
- Rehabilitation Medicine Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.,Intelligent Rehabilitation Research Center, China-USA Institute for Acupuncture and Rehabilitation, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|