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Murate M, Yokoyama N, Tomishige N, Richert L, Humbert N, Pollet B, Makino A, Kono N, Mauri L, Aoki J, Sako Y, Sonnino S, Komura N, Ando H, Kaneko MK, Kato Y, Inamori KI, Inokuchi JI, Mély Y, Iwabuchi K, Kobayashi T. Cell density-dependent membrane distribution of ganglioside GM3 in melanoma cells. Cell Mol Life Sci 2023; 80:167. [PMID: 37249637 PMCID: PMC11073213 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-04813-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Monosialoganglioside GM3 is the simplest ganglioside involved in various cellular signaling. Cell surface distribution of GM3 is thought to be crucial for the function of GM3, but little is known about the cell surface GM3 distribution. It was shown that anti-GM3 monoclonal antibody binds to GM3 in sparse but not in confluent melanoma cells. Our model membrane study evidenced that monoclonal anti-GM3 antibodies showed stronger binding when GM3 was in less fluid membrane environment. Studies using fluorescent GM3 analogs suggested that GM3 was clustered in less fluid membrane. Moreover, fluorescent lifetime measurement showed that cell surface of high density melanoma cells is more fluid than that of low density cells. Lipidomics and fatty acid supplementation experiment suggested that monounsaturated fatty acid-containing phosphatidylcholine contributed to the cell density-dependent membrane fluidity. Our results indicate that anti-GM3 antibody senses GM3 clustering and the number and/or size of GM3 cluster differ between sparse and confluent melanoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motohide Murate
- Lipid Biology Laboratory, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan.
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, UMR 7021, CNRS, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Strasbourg, 67401, Illkirch, France.
- Cellular Informatics Laboratory, RIKEN CPR, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan.
| | - Noriko Yokoyama
- Institute for Environmental and Gender-Specific Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Urayasu, Chiba, 279-0021, Japan
| | - Nario Tomishige
- Lipid Biology Laboratory, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, UMR 7021, CNRS, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Strasbourg, 67401, Illkirch, France
- Cellular Informatics Laboratory, RIKEN CPR, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Ludovic Richert
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, UMR 7021, CNRS, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Strasbourg, 67401, Illkirch, France
| | - Nicolas Humbert
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, UMR 7021, CNRS, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Strasbourg, 67401, Illkirch, France
| | - Brigitte Pollet
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, UMR 7021, CNRS, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Strasbourg, 67401, Illkirch, France
| | - Asami Makino
- Lipid Biology Laboratory, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
- Molecular Physiology Laboratory, RIKEN CPR, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Nozomu Kono
- Department of Health Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Laura Mauri
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Junken Aoki
- Department of Health Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Yasushi Sako
- Cellular Informatics Laboratory, RIKEN CPR, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Sandro Sonnino
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Naoko Komura
- Institute for Glyco-Core Research, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan
| | - Hiromune Ando
- Institute for Glyco-Core Research, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan
| | - Mika K Kaneko
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Yukinari Kato
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Kei-Ichiro Inamori
- Division of Glycopathology, Institute of Molecular Biomembrane and Glycobiology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, 981-8558, Japan
| | - Jin-Ichi Inokuchi
- Division of Glycopathology, Institute of Molecular Biomembrane and Glycobiology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, 981-8558, Japan
- Forefront Research Center, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-0043, Japan
| | - Yves Mély
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, UMR 7021, CNRS, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Strasbourg, 67401, Illkirch, France
| | - Kazuhisa Iwabuchi
- Institute for Environmental and Gender-Specific Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Urayasu, Chiba, 279-0021, Japan.
| | - Toshihide Kobayashi
- Lipid Biology Laboratory, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan.
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, UMR 7021, CNRS, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Strasbourg, 67401, Illkirch, France.
- Cellular Informatics Laboratory, RIKEN CPR, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan.
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Mukherjee P, Faber AC, Shelton LM, Baek RC, Chiles TC, Seyfried TN. Thematic review series: sphingolipids. Ganglioside GM3 suppresses the proangiogenic effects of vascular endothelial growth factor and ganglioside GD1a. J Lipid Res 2008; 49:929-38. [PMID: 18287616 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.r800006-jlr200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Gangliosides are sialic acid-containing glycosphingolipids that have long been associated with tumor malignancy and metastasis. Mounting evidence suggests that gangliosides also modulate tumor angiogenesis. Tumor cells shed gangliosides into the microenvironment, which produces both autocrine and paracrine effects on tumor cells and tumor-associated host cells. In this study, we show that the simple monosialoganglioside GM3 counteracts the proangiogenic effects of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and of the complex disialoganglioside GD1a. GM3 suppressed the action of VEGF and GD1a on the proliferation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and inhibited the migration of HUVECs toward VEGF as a chemoattractant. Enrichment of added GM3 in the HUVEC membrane also reduced the phosphorylation of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR-2) and downstream Akt. Moreover, GM3 reduced the proangiogenic effects of GD1a and growth factors in the in vivo Matrigel plug assay. Inhibition of GM3 biosynthesis with the glucosyl transferase inhibitor, N-butyldeoxynojirimycin (NB-DNJ), increased HUVEC proliferation and the phosphorylation of VEGFR-2 and Akt. The effects of NB-DNJ on HUVECs were reversed with the addition of GM3. We conclude that GM3 has antiangiogenic action and may possess therapeutic potential for reducing tumor angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Purna Mukherjee
- Department of Biology, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467, USA
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Halstead SK, Morrison I, O'Hanlon GM, Humphreys PD, Goodfellow JA, Plomp JJ, Willison HJ. Anti-disialosyl antibodies mediate selective neuronal or Schwann cell injury at mouse neuromuscular junctions. Glia 2006; 52:177-89. [PMID: 15968629 DOI: 10.1002/glia.20228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The human paralytic neuropathy, Miller Fisher syndrome (MFS) is associated with autoantibodies specific for disialosyl epitopes on gangliosides GQ1b, GT1a, and GD3. Since these gangliosides are enriched in synaptic membranes, anti-ganglioside antibodies may target neuromuscular junctions (NMJs), thereby contributing to disease symptoms. We have shown previously that at murine NMJs, anti-disialosyl antibodies induce an alpha-latrotoxin-like effect, electrophysiologically characterized by transient massive increase of spontaneous neurotransmitter release followed by block of evoked release, resulting in paralysis of the muscle preparation. Morphologically, motor nerve terminal damage, as well as perisynaptic Schwann cell (pSC) death is observed. The relative contributions of neuronal and pSC injury to the paralytic effect and subsequent repair are unknown. In this study, we have examined the ability of subsets of anti-disialosyl antibodies to discriminate between the neuronal and glial elements of the NMJ and thereby induce either neuronal injury or pSC death. Most antibodies reactive with GD3 induced pSC death, whereas antibody reactivity with GT1a correlated with the extent of nerve terminal injury. Motor nerve terminal injury resulted in massive uncontrolled exocytosis with paralysis. However, pSC ablation induced no acute (within 1 h) electrophysiological or morphological changes to the underlying nerve terminal. These data suggest that at mammalian NMJs, acute pSC injury or ablation has no major deleterious influence on synapse function. Our studies provide evidence for highly selective targeting of mammalian NMJ membranes, based on ganglioside composition, that can be exploited for examining axonal-glial interactions both in disease states and in normal NMJ homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan K Halstead
- Department of Neurology, Division of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Glasgow, Southern General Hospital, Glasgow, Scotland
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Bello-Morales R, Fedetz M, Alcina A, Tabarés E, López-Guerrero JA. High susceptibility of a human oligodendroglial cell line to herpes simplex type 1 infection. J Neurovirol 2005; 11:190-8. [PMID: 16036797 DOI: 10.1080/13550280590924179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
More than 20 infectious agents, ranging from retroviruses to mycobacteria, have been associated with multiple sclerosis onset or relapses in which oligodendrocytes, the myelin-forming cells of the central nervous system, are the initial target of the pathogenic status. In this work, the nature of the susceptibility of the human precursor oligodendroglial KG-1C cell line to herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) was investigated. Infection of KG-1C cells was characterized by a high level of virus production and a notable progression of the cytopathic effect. After infection, there was a significant shut-off of host mRNA translation, which was correlated with evident synthesis of viral proteins. An examination by electron microscopy of the infected cells revealed the presence of large clusters of mitochondria located in the proximity of intracellular HSV-1 particle groups. In addition, transmission electron microscopy and nuclear fluorescence analysis showed neither signs of chromatin condensation nor of apoptotic bodies. Furthermore, procaspase-3 remained uncleaved, suggesting that apoptosis does not take place, at least in this system. Finally, expression and localization of MAL2, a subpopulation of detergent-insoluble lipid raft protein, was studied. Detection of MAL2 significantly increased after infection and it was colocalized with HSV-1 proteins. From these findings the authors conclude that human oligodendrocyte-like cells are highly susceptible to HSV-1 infection. The implications of this for central nervous system viral infection are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Bello-Morales
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, Madrid, Spain
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Li J, Rancour DM, Allende ML, Worth CA, Darling DS, Gilbert JB, Menon AK, Young WW. The DXD motif is required for GM2 synthase activity but is not critical for nucleotide binding. Glycobiology 2001; 11:217-29. [PMID: 11320060 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/11.3.217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We tested the importance of the aspartate-any residue-aspartate (DXD) motif for the enzymatic activity and nucleotide binding capacity of the Golgi glycosyltransferase GM2 synthase. We prepared point mutations of the motif, which is found in the sequence 352-VLWVDDDFV, and analyzed cells that stably expressed the mutated proteins. Whereas the folding of the mutated proteins was not seriously disrupted as judged by assembly into homodimers, Golgi localization, and secretion of a soluble form of the enzyme, exchange of the highly conserved aspartic acid residues at position 356 or 358 with alanine or asparagine reduced enzyme activity to background levels. In contrast, the D356E and D357N mutations retained weak activity, while the activity of V352A and W354A mutants was 167% and 24% that of wild-type enzyme, respectively. Despite the major effect of the DXD motif on enzymatic activity, nucleotide binding was not altered in the triple mutant D356N/D357N/D358N as revealed by binding to UDP-beads and labeling with the photoaffinity reagent, P(3)-(4-azidoanilido)uridine 5'-triphosphate (AAUTP). In summary, rather than being critical for nucleotide binding, this motif may function during catalysis in GM2 synthase, as has been proposed elsewhere for the SpsA glycosyltransferase based on its crystal structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Li
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Craniofacial Biology, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, 501 S. Preston St., Louisville, KY 40292, USA
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Kovacic N, Müthing J, Marusic A. Immunohistological and flow cytometric analysis of glycosphingolipid expression in mouse lymphoid tissues. J Histochem Cytochem 2000; 48:1677-90. [PMID: 11101636 DOI: 10.1177/002215540004801211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Expression of neutral glycosphingolipids (GSLs) and gangliosides in normal lymphoid tissues and cells has been studied mostly by biochemical and immunochemical analysis of lipid extracts separated by thin-layer chromatography. GSLs and gangliosides involved in the GM1b biosynthetic pathway were assigned to T-lymphocytes, whereas B-cell gangliosides and GSLs have been poorly characterized in former publications. We used specific polyclonal antibodies in immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry to analyze the distribution of globotriaosylceramide (Gb(3)Cer), globoside (Gb(4)Cer), gangliotriaosylceramide (Gg(3)Cer), gangliotetraosylceramide (Gg(4)Cer), and gangliosides GM3 and GalNAc-GM1b in the mouse thymus, spleen, and lymph node. Immature thymocytes expressed epitopes recognized by all antibodies, except for anti-Gb(4)Cer. Mature thymocytes bound only antibodies to GalNAc-GM1b, Gg(4)Cer, and Gb(4)Cer. In secondary lymphoid organs, antibodies to globo-series GSLs bound to vascular spaces of secondary lymphoid organs, whereas the ganglio-series GSL antibodies recognized lymphocyte-containing regions. In a Western blotting analysis, only GalNAc-GM1b antibody recognized a specific protein band in all three organs. Flow cytometric analysis of spleen and lymph node cells revealed that B-cells carried epitopes recognized by all antibodies, whereas the T-cell GSL repertoire was mostly oriented to ganglio-series-neutral GSLs and GM1b-type gangliosides. The results of immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry were not always identical, possibly because of crossreactivity to glycoprotein-linked oligosaccharides and/or differences between cell surface carbohydrate profiles of isolated cells and cells in a tissue environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Kovacic
- Croatian Institute for Brain Research and Department of Anatomy, Zagreb University School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia.
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Miyagi T, Wada T, Iwamatsu A, Hata K, Yoshikawa Y, Tokuyama S, Sawada M. Molecular cloning and characterization of a plasma membrane-associated sialidase specific for gangliosides. J Biol Chem 1999; 274:5004-11. [PMID: 9988745 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.274.8.5004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Gangliosides are plasma membrane components thought to play important roles in cell surface interactions, cell differentiation, and transmembrane signaling. A mammalian sialidase located in plasma membranes is unique in specifically hydrolyzing gangliosides, suggesting crucial roles in regulation of cell surface functions. Here we describe the cloning and expression of a cDNA for the ganglioside sialidase, isolated from a bovine brain cDNA library based on the amino acid sequence of the purified enzyme from bovine brain. This cDNA encodes a 428-amino acid protein containing a putative transmembrane domain and the three Asp boxes characteristic of sialidases and sharing 19-38% sequence identity with other sialidases. Northern blot and polymerase chain reaction analyses revealed a general distribution of the gene in mammalian species, including man, and the mouse. In COS-7 cells transiently expressing the sialidase, the activity was found to be 40-fold that of the control level with ganglioside substrates in the presence of Triton X-100, and the hydrolysis was almost specific to gangliosides other than GM1 and GM2, both alpha2-->3 and alpha2-->8 sialyl linkages being susceptible. The major subcellular localization of the expressed sialidase was assessed to be plasma membrane by Percoll density gradient centrifugation of cell homogenates and by immunofluorescence staining of the transfected COS-7 cells. Analysis of the membrane topology by protease protection assay suggested that this sialidase has a type I membrane orientation with its amino terminus facing to the extracytoplasmic side and lacking a signal sequence.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Miyagi
- Division of Biochemistry, Research Institute, Miyagi Prefectural Cancer Center, Natori, Miyagi, 981-1293, Japan.
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