1
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Lunghi G, Di Biase E, Carsana EV, Henriques A, Callizot N, Mauri L, Ciampa MG, Mari L, Loberto N, Aureli M, Sonnino S, Spedding M, Chiricozzi E, Fazzari M. GM1 ganglioside exerts protective effects against glutamate-excitotoxicity via its oligosaccharide in wild-type and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis motor neurons. FEBS Open Bio 2023; 13:2324-2341. [PMID: 37885330 PMCID: PMC10699117 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Alterations in glycosphingolipid metabolism have been linked to the pathophysiological mechanisms of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a neurodegenerative disease affecting motor neurons. Accordingly, administration of GM1, a sialic acid-containing glycosphingolipid, is protective against neuronal damage and supports neuronal homeostasis, with these effects mediated by its bioactive component, the oligosaccharide head (GM1-OS). Here, we add new evidence to the therapeutic efficacy of GM1 in ALS: Its administration to WT and SOD1G93A motor neurons affected by glutamate-induced excitotoxicity significantly increased neuronal survival and preserved neurite networks, counteracting intracellular protein accumulation and mitochondria impairment. Importantly, the GM1-OS faithfully replicates GM1 activity, emphasizing that even in ALS the protective function of GM1 strictly depends on its pentasaccharide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Lunghi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational MedicineUniversity of MilanoSegrateItaly
| | - Erika Di Biase
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational MedicineUniversity of MilanoSegrateItaly
| | - Emma Veronica Carsana
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational MedicineUniversity of MilanoSegrateItaly
| | | | | | - Laura Mauri
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational MedicineUniversity of MilanoSegrateItaly
| | - Maria Grazia Ciampa
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational MedicineUniversity of MilanoSegrateItaly
| | - Luigi Mari
- Department of ImmunologySt. Jude Children's Research HospitalMemphisTNUSA
| | - Nicoletta Loberto
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational MedicineUniversity of MilanoSegrateItaly
| | - Massimo Aureli
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational MedicineUniversity of MilanoSegrateItaly
| | - Sandro Sonnino
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational MedicineUniversity of MilanoSegrateItaly
| | | | - Elena Chiricozzi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational MedicineUniversity of MilanoSegrateItaly
| | - Maria Fazzari
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational MedicineUniversity of MilanoSegrateItaly
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2
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Fazzari M, Lunghi G, Di Biase E, Maggioni M, Carsana EV, Cioccarelli L, Vigani L, Loberto N, Aureli M, Mauri L, Ciampa MG, Valsecchi M, Takato K, Imamura A, Ishida H, Ben Mariem O, Saporiti S, Palazzolo L, Chiricozzi E, Eberini I, Sonnino S. GM1 structural requirements to mediate neuronal functions. Glycoconj J 2023; 40:655-668. [PMID: 38100017 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-023-10141-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Since the 1980s, it has been known that the administration of ganglioside GM1 to cultured cells induced or enhanced neuronal differentiation. GM1 mechanism of action relies on its direct interaction and subsequent activation of the membrane tyrosine kinase receptor, TrkA, which naturally serves as NGF receptor. This process is mediated by the sole oligosaccharide portion of GM1, the pentasaccharide β-Gal-(1-3)-β-GalNAc-(1-4)-[α-Neu5Ac-(2-3)]-β-Gal-(1-4)-β-Glc. Here we detailed the minimum structural requirements of the oligosaccharide portion of GM1 for mediating the TrkA dependent neuritogenic processing. By in vitro and in silico biochemical approaches, we demonstrated that the minimal portion of GM1 required for the TrkA activation is the inner core of the ganglioside's oligosaccharide β-Gal-(1-3)-β-GalNAc-(1-4)-[α-Neu5Ac-(2-3)]-β-Gal. The addition of a sialic acid residue at position 3 of the outer galactose of the GM1 oligosaccharide, which forms the oligosaccharide of GD1a, prevented the interaction with TrkA and the resulting neuritogenesis. On the contrary, the addition of a fucose residue at position 2 of the outer galactose, forming the Fucosyl-GM1 oligosaccharide, did not prevent the TrkA-mediated neuritogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Fazzari
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, Segrate, Milano, Italy
| | - Giulia Lunghi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, Segrate, Milano, Italy
| | - Erika Di Biase
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, Segrate, Milano, Italy
| | - Margherita Maggioni
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, Segrate, Milano, Italy
| | - Emma Veronica Carsana
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, Segrate, Milano, Italy
| | - Laura Cioccarelli
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, Segrate, Milano, Italy
| | - Laura Vigani
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, Segrate, Milano, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Loberto
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, Segrate, Milano, Italy
| | - Massimo Aureli
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, Segrate, Milano, Italy
| | - Laura Mauri
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, Segrate, Milano, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Ciampa
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, Segrate, Milano, Italy
| | - Manuela Valsecchi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, Segrate, Milano, Italy
| | - Koichi Takato
- Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan
| | - Akihiro Imamura
- Department of Applied Bioorganic Chemistry, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan
- Institute for Glyco-core Research (iGCORE), Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan
| | - Hideharu Ishida
- Department of Applied Bioorganic Chemistry, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan
- Institute for Glyco-core Research (iGCORE), Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan
| | - Omar Ben Mariem
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari "Rodolfo Paoletti", Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Simona Saporiti
- Analytical Excellence & Program Management, Merck Serono S.p.A, Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Palazzolo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari "Rodolfo Paoletti", Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Elena Chiricozzi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, Segrate, Milano, Italy.
| | - Ivano Eberini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari "Rodolfo Paoletti", Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
- Data Science Research Center, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Sandro Sonnino
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, Segrate, Milano, Italy.
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3
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Sonnino S. The relationship between depletion of brain GM1 ganglioside and Parkinson's disease. FEBS Open Bio 2023; 13:1548-1557. [PMID: 36638010 PMCID: PMC10476573 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
GM1 is one of the main gangliosides of the nervous system, and it exerts neurotrophic and neuroprotective properties in neurons. It is involved in many processes necessary for the correct physiology of neuronal cells. In particular, it is necessary for the activity of neuronal receptors that control processes such as differentiation, survival, and mitochondrial activity. A shortage of GM1 in the substantia nigra is potentially responsible for the neurodegeneration present in Parkinson's disease patients. In this review, I report on the role played by GM1 in neurons and how its genetic shortage may be responsible for the onset of Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandro Sonnino
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational MedicineUniversity of MilanItaly
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4
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Fazzari M, Di Biase E, Zaccagnini L, Henriques A, Callizot N, Ciampa MG, Mauri L, Carsana EV, Loberto N, Aureli M, Mari L, Civera M, Vasile F, Sonnino S, Bartels T, Chiricozzi E, Lunghi G. GM1 oligosaccharide efficacy against α-synuclein aggregation and toxicity in vitro. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2023; 1868:159350. [PMID: 37330108 PMCID: PMC10579883 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2023.159350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Fibrillary aggregated α-synuclein represents the neurologic hallmark of Parkinson's disease and is considered to play a causative role in the disease. Although the causes leading to α-synuclein aggregation are not clear, the GM1 ganglioside interaction is recognized to prevent this process. How GM1 exerts these functions is not completely clear, although a primary role of its soluble oligosaccharide (GM1-OS) is emerging. Indeed, we recently identified GM1-OS as the bioactive moiety responsible for GM1 neurotrophic and neuroprotective properties, specifically reverting the parkinsonian phenotype both in in vitro and in vivo models. Here, we report on GM1-OS efficacy against the α-synuclein aggregation and toxicity in vitro. By amyloid seeding aggregation assay and NMR spectroscopy, we demonstrated that GM1-OS was able to prevent both the spontaneous and the prion-like α-synuclein aggregation. Additionally, circular dichroism spectroscopy of recombinant monomeric α-synuclein showed that GM1-OS did not induce any change in α-synuclein secondary structure. Importantly, GM1-OS significantly increased neuronal survival and preserved neurite networks of dopaminergic neurons affected by α-synuclein oligomers, together with a reduction of microglia activation. These data further demonstrate that the ganglioside GM1 acts through its oligosaccharide also in preventing the α-synuclein pathogenic aggregation in Parkinson's disease, opening a perspective window for GM1-OS as drug candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Fazzari
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, 20054 Segrate, Milano, Italy
| | - Erika Di Biase
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, 20054 Segrate, Milano, Italy
| | | | | | - Noëlle Callizot
- Neuro-Sys, 410 Chemin Départemental 60, 13120 Gardanne, France
| | - Maria Grazia Ciampa
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, 20054 Segrate, Milano, Italy
| | - Laura Mauri
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, 20054 Segrate, Milano, Italy
| | - Emma Veronica Carsana
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, 20054 Segrate, Milano, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Loberto
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, 20054 Segrate, Milano, Italy
| | - Massimo Aureli
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, 20054 Segrate, Milano, Italy
| | - Luigi Mari
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Monica Civera
- Department of Chemistry, University of Milano, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Sandro Sonnino
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, 20054 Segrate, Milano, Italy.
| | - Tim Bartels
- UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, London, UK
| | - Elena Chiricozzi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, 20054 Segrate, Milano, Italy.
| | - Giulia Lunghi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, 20054 Segrate, Milano, Italy
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Abstract
Sandro Sonnino is one of the founding members of the Editorial Board of FEBS Open Bio, having joined in 2011. He is also a member of the Editorial Board of FEBS Letters and is the Editor-in-Chief of Glycoconjugate Journal. He is full professor of biochemistry in the School of Medicine at the University of Milan, where he was also formerly coordinator of the Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Advanced Technology (LITA) and Director of the Department of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry, and Biotechnology. His research is focused on the metabolism and biochemical properties of gangliosides and glycosphingolipids, and their role in cell signaling and the nervous system. He is a guest editor of this special "In the Limelight" issue on glycosphingolipids in disease, which features multiple Reviews and an original research article related to this field. In this interview, Sandro Sonnino discusses the ongoing importance of research on glycosphingolipids and his personal career journey.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sandro Sonnino
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational MedicineUniversity of MilanoItaly
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Murate M, Yokoyama N, Tomishige N, Richert L, Humbert N, Pollet B, Makino A, Kono N, Mauri L, Aoki J, Sako Y, Sonnino S, Komura N, Ando H, Kaneko MK, Kato Y, Inamori KI, Inokuchi JI, Mély Y, Iwabuchi K, Kobayashi T. Cell density-dependent membrane distribution of ganglioside GM3 in melanoma cells. Cell Mol Life Sci 2023; 80:167. [PMID: 37249637 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-04813-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Monosialoganglioside GM3 is the simplest ganglioside involved in various cellular signaling. Cell surface distribution of GM3 is thought to be crucial for the function of GM3, but little is known about the cell surface GM3 distribution. It was shown that anti-GM3 monoclonal antibody binds to GM3 in sparse but not in confluent melanoma cells. Our model membrane study evidenced that monoclonal anti-GM3 antibodies showed stronger binding when GM3 was in less fluid membrane environment. Studies using fluorescent GM3 analogs suggested that GM3 was clustered in less fluid membrane. Moreover, fluorescent lifetime measurement showed that cell surface of high density melanoma cells is more fluid than that of low density cells. Lipidomics and fatty acid supplementation experiment suggested that monounsaturated fatty acid-containing phosphatidylcholine contributed to the cell density-dependent membrane fluidity. Our results indicate that anti-GM3 antibody senses GM3 clustering and the number and/or size of GM3 cluster differ between sparse and confluent melanoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motohide Murate
- Lipid Biology Laboratory, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan.
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, UMR 7021, CNRS, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Strasbourg, 67401, Illkirch, France.
- Cellular Informatics Laboratory, RIKEN CPR, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan.
| | - Noriko Yokoyama
- Institute for Environmental and Gender-Specific Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Urayasu, Chiba, 279-0021, Japan
| | - Nario Tomishige
- Lipid Biology Laboratory, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, UMR 7021, CNRS, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Strasbourg, 67401, Illkirch, France
- Cellular Informatics Laboratory, RIKEN CPR, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Ludovic Richert
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, UMR 7021, CNRS, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Strasbourg, 67401, Illkirch, France
| | - Nicolas Humbert
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, UMR 7021, CNRS, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Strasbourg, 67401, Illkirch, France
| | - Brigitte Pollet
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, UMR 7021, CNRS, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Strasbourg, 67401, Illkirch, France
| | - Asami Makino
- Lipid Biology Laboratory, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
- Molecular Physiology Laboratory, RIKEN CPR, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Nozomu Kono
- Department of Health Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Laura Mauri
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Junken Aoki
- Department of Health Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Yasushi Sako
- Cellular Informatics Laboratory, RIKEN CPR, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Sandro Sonnino
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Naoko Komura
- Institute for Glyco-Core Research, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan
| | - Hiromune Ando
- Institute for Glyco-Core Research, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan
| | - Mika K Kaneko
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Yukinari Kato
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Kei-Ichiro Inamori
- Division of Glycopathology, Institute of Molecular Biomembrane and Glycobiology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, 981-8558, Japan
| | - Jin-Ichi Inokuchi
- Division of Glycopathology, Institute of Molecular Biomembrane and Glycobiology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, 981-8558, Japan
- Forefront Research Center, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-0043, Japan
| | - Yves Mély
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, UMR 7021, CNRS, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Strasbourg, 67401, Illkirch, France
| | - Kazuhisa Iwabuchi
- Institute for Environmental and Gender-Specific Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Urayasu, Chiba, 279-0021, Japan.
| | - Toshihide Kobayashi
- Lipid Biology Laboratory, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan.
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, UMR 7021, CNRS, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Strasbourg, 67401, Illkirch, France.
- Cellular Informatics Laboratory, RIKEN CPR, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan.
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7
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Fazzari M, Lunghi G, Henriques A, Callizot N, Ciampa MG, Mauri L, Prioni S, Carsana EV, Loberto N, Aureli M, Mari L, Sonnino S, Chiricozzi E, Di Biase E. GM1 Oligosaccharide Efficacy in Parkinson's Disease: Protection against MPTP. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11051305. [PMID: 37238977 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11051305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Past evidence has shown that the exogenous administration of GM1 ganglioside slowed neuronal death in preclinical models of Parkinson's disease, a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the progressive loss of dopamine-producing neurons: however, the physical and chemical properties of GM1 (i.e., amphiphilicity) limited its clinical application, as the crossing of the blood-brain barrier is denied. Recently, we demonstrated that the GM1 oligosaccharide head group (GM1-OS) is the GM1 bioactive portion that, interacting with the TrkA-NGF complex at the membrane surface, promotes the activation of a multivariate network of intracellular events regulating neuronal differentiation, protection, and reparation. Here, we evaluated the GM1-OS neuroprotective potential against the Parkinson's disease-linked neurotoxin MPTP, which destroys dopaminergic neurons by affecting mitochondrial bioenergetics and causing ROS overproduction. In dopaminergic and glutamatergic primary cultures, GM1-OS administration significantly increased neuronal survival, preserved neurite network, and reduced mitochondrial ROS production enhancing the mTOR/Akt/GSK3β pathway. These data highlight the neuroprotective efficacy of GM1-OS in parkinsonian models through the implementation of mitochondrial function and reduction in oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Fazzari
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, 20054 Segrate, MI, Italy
| | - Giulia Lunghi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, 20054 Segrate, MI, Italy
| | | | - Noëlle Callizot
- Neuro-Sys, 410 Chemin Départemental 60, 13120 Gardanne, France
| | - Maria Grazia Ciampa
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, 20054 Segrate, MI, Italy
| | - Laura Mauri
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, 20054 Segrate, MI, Italy
| | - Simona Prioni
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, 20054 Segrate, MI, Italy
| | - Emma Veronica Carsana
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, 20054 Segrate, MI, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Loberto
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, 20054 Segrate, MI, Italy
| | - Massimo Aureli
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, 20054 Segrate, MI, Italy
| | - Luigi Mari
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Sandro Sonnino
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, 20054 Segrate, MI, Italy
| | - Elena Chiricozzi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, 20054 Segrate, MI, Italy
| | - Erika Di Biase
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, 20054 Segrate, MI, Italy
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8
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Aureli M, Mauri L, Carsana EV, Dobi D, Breviario S, Lunghi G, Sonnino S. Gangliosides and Cell Surface Ganglioside Metabolic Enzymes in the Nervous System. Advances in Neurobiology 2023; 29:305-332. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-12390-0_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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9
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Lunghi G, Fazzari M, Ciampa MG, Mauri L, Di Biase E, Chiricozzi E, Sonnino S. Regulation of signal transduction by gangliosides in lipid rafts: focus on GM3-IR and GM1-TrkA interactions. FEBS Lett 2022; 596:3124-3132. [PMID: 36331354 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The interactions between gangliosides and proteins belonging to the same or different lipid domains and their influence on physiological and pathological states have been analysed in detail. A well-known factor impacting on lipid-protein interactions and their biological outcomes is the dynamic composition of plasma membrane. This review focuses on GM1 and GM3 gangliosides because they are an integral part of protein-receptor complexes and dysregulation of their concentration shows a direct correlation with the onset of pathological conditions. We first discuss the interaction between GM3 and insulin receptor in relation to insulin responses, with an increase in GM3 correlating with the onset of metabolic dysfunction. Next, we describe the case of the GM1-TrkA interaction, relevant to nerve-cell differentiation and homeostasis as deficiency in plasma-membrane GM1 is known to promote neurodegeneration. These two examples highlight the fact that interactions between gangliosides and receptor proteins within the plasma membrane are crucial in controlling cell signalling and pathophysiological cellular states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Lunghi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, Italy
| | - Maria Fazzari
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Ciampa
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, Italy
| | - Laura Mauri
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, Italy
| | - Erika Di Biase
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, Italy
| | - Elena Chiricozzi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, Italy
| | - Sandro Sonnino
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, Italy
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10
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Garozzo D, Nicotra F, Sonnino S. "Glycans and Glycosylation in SARS-COV2 Infection" session at the XVII Advanced School in Carbohydrate Chemistry, Italian Chemical Society. July 4th -7th 2021, Pontignano (Si), Italy. Glycoconj J 2022; 39:327-334. [PMID: 35441967 PMCID: PMC9019281 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-022-10054-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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11
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Bertani V, Prioni S, Di Lecce R, Gazza F, Ragionieri L, Merialdi G, Bonilauri P, Jagannathan V, Grassi S, Cabitta L, Paoli A, Morrone A, Sonnino S, Drögemüller C, Cantoni AM. A pathogenic HEXA missense variant in wild boars with Tay-Sachs disease. Mol Genet Metab 2021; 133:297-306. [PMID: 34119419 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2021.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 05/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Gangliosidoses are inherited lysosomal storage disorders caused by reduced or absent activity of either a lysosomal enzyme involved in ganglioside catabolism, or an activator protein required for the proper activity of a ganglioside hydrolase, which results in the intra-lysosomal accumulation of undegraded metabolites. We hereby describe morphological, ultrastructural, biochemical and genetic features of GM2 gangliosidosis in three captive bred wild boar littermates. The piglets were kept in a partially-free range farm and presented progressive neurological signs, starting at 6 months of age. Animals were euthanized at approximately one year of age due to their poor conditions. Neuropathogens were excluded as a possible cause of the signs. Gross examination showed a reduction of cerebral and cerebellar consistency. Central (CNS) and peripheral (PNS) nervous system neurons were enlarged and foamy, with severe and diffuse cytoplasmic vacuolization. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) of CNS neurons demonstrated numerous lysosomes, filled by parallel or concentric layers of membranous electron-dense material, defined as membranous cytoplasmic bodies (MCB). Biochemical composition of gangliosides analysis from CNS revealed accumulation of GM2 ganglioside; furthermore, Hex A enzyme activity was less than 1% compared to control animals. These data confirmed the diagnosis of GM2 gangliosidosis. Genetic analysis identified, at a homozygous level, the presence of a missense nucleotide variant c.1495C > T (p Arg499Cys) in the hexosaminidase subunit alpha gene (HEXA), located within the GH20 hexosaminidase superfamily domain of the encoded protein. This specific HEXA variant is known to be pathogenic and associated with Tay-Sachs disease in humans, but has never been identified in other animal species. This is the first report of a HEXA gene associated Tay-Sachs disease in wild boars and provides a comprehensive description of a novel spontaneous animal model for this lysosomal storage disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Bertani
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Parma, Via Taglio, 8, 43100 Parma, Italy.
| | - Simona Prioni
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, Via Fratelli Cervi 93, 20129 Segrate, Italy
| | - Rosanna Di Lecce
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Parma, Via Taglio, 8, 43100 Parma, Italy
| | - Ferdinando Gazza
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Parma, Via Taglio, 8, 43100 Parma, Italy
| | - Luisa Ragionieri
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Parma, Via Taglio, 8, 43100 Parma, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Merialdi
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell'Emilia Romagna, Via Pietro Fiorini, 5, 40127, Bologna, Italy
| | - Paolo Bonilauri
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell'Emilia Romagna, Via Pietro Fiorini, 5, 40127, Bologna, Italy
| | - Vidhya Jagannathan
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bremgartenstrasse 109a, 3001 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Sara Grassi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, Via Fratelli Cervi 93, 20129 Segrate, Italy
| | - Livia Cabitta
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, Via Fratelli Cervi 93, 20129 Segrate, Italy
| | - Antonella Paoli
- Molecular and Cell Biology Laboratory, Paediatric Neurology Unit and Laboratories, Neuroscience Department, A. Meyer Children's Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Amelia Morrone
- Molecular and Cell Biology Laboratory, Paediatric Neurology Unit and Laboratories, Neuroscience Department, A. Meyer Children's Hospital, Florence, Italy; Department of Neurosciences, Psychology, Pharmacology and Child Health, University of Florence, Italy
| | - Sandro Sonnino
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, Via Fratelli Cervi 93, 20129 Segrate, Italy
| | - Cord Drögemüller
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bremgartenstrasse 109a, 3001 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Anna Maria Cantoni
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Parma, Via Taglio, 8, 43100 Parma, Italy
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12
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Lunghi G, Fazzari M, Di Biase E, Mauri L, Chiricozzi E, Sonnino S. The structure of gangliosides hides a code for determining neuronal functions. FEBS Open Bio 2021; 11:3193-3200. [PMID: 34003598 PMCID: PMC8634855 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Gangliosides are particularly abundant in the central nervous system, where they are mainly associated with the synaptic membranes. Their structure underlies a specific role in determining several cell physiological processes of the nervous system. The high number of different gangliosides available in nature suggests that their structure, related to both the hydrophobic and hydrophilic portion of the molecule, defines a code, although not completely understood, that through hydrophobic interactions and hydrogen bonds allows the transduction of signals starting at the plasma membranes. In this short review, we describe some structural aspects responsible for the role played by gangliosides in maintaining and determining neuronal functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Lunghi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, Italy
| | - Maria Fazzari
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, Italy
| | - Erika Di Biase
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, Italy
| | - Laura Mauri
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, Italy
| | - Elena Chiricozzi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, Italy
| | - Sandro Sonnino
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, Italy
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13
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Loberto N, Mancini G, Bassi R, Carsana EV, Tamanini A, Pedemonte N, Dechecchi MC, Sonnino S, Aureli M. Sphingolipids and plasma membrane hydrolases in human primary bronchial cells during differentiation and their altered patterns in cystic fibrosis. Glycoconj J 2020; 37:623-633. [PMID: 32666337 PMCID: PMC7501107 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-020-09935-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Human primary bronchial epithelial cells differentiated in vitro represent a valuable tool to study lung diseases such as cystic fibrosis (CF), an inherited disorder caused by mutations in the gene coding for the Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator. In CF, sphingolipids, a ubiquitous class of bioactive lipids mainly associated with the outer layer of the plasma membrane, seem to play a crucial role in the establishment of the severe lung complications. Nevertheless, no information on the involvement of sphingolipids and their metabolism in the differentiation of primary bronchial epithelial cells are available so far. Here we show that ceramide and globotriaosylceramide increased during cell differentiation, whereas glucosylceramide and gangliosides content decreased. In addition, we found that apical plasma membrane of differentiated bronchial cells is characterized by a higher content of sphingolipids in comparison to the other cell membranes and that activity of sphingolipids catabolic enzymes associated with this membrane results altered with respect to the total cell activities. In particular, the apical membrane of CF cells was characterized by high levels of ceramide and glucosylceramide, known to have proinflammatory activity. On this basis, our data further support the role of sphingolipids in the onset of CF lung pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicoletta Loberto
- Dip. Biotecnologie Mediche e Medicina Traslazionale, Università degli Studi di Milano, LITA, Via Fratelli Cervi 93, Segrate, Milano, 20090, Italy
| | - Giulia Mancini
- Dip. Biotecnologie Mediche e Medicina Traslazionale, Università degli Studi di Milano, LITA, Via Fratelli Cervi 93, Segrate, Milano, 20090, Italy
| | - Rosaria Bassi
- Dip. Biotecnologie Mediche e Medicina Traslazionale, Università degli Studi di Milano, LITA, Via Fratelli Cervi 93, Segrate, Milano, 20090, Italy
| | - Emma Veronica Carsana
- Dip. Biotecnologie Mediche e Medicina Traslazionale, Università degli Studi di Milano, LITA, Via Fratelli Cervi 93, Segrate, Milano, 20090, Italy
| | - Anna Tamanini
- Section of Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology and Diagnostics, University Hospital of Verona, 37126, Verona, Italy
| | | | - Maria Cristina Dechecchi
- Section of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement, University of Verona, 37134, Verona, Italy
| | - Sandro Sonnino
- Dip. Biotecnologie Mediche e Medicina Traslazionale, Università degli Studi di Milano, LITA, Via Fratelli Cervi 93, Segrate, Milano, 20090, Italy
| | - Massimo Aureli
- Dip. Biotecnologie Mediche e Medicina Traslazionale, Università degli Studi di Milano, LITA, Via Fratelli Cervi 93, Segrate, Milano, 20090, Italy.
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14
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Kanoh H, Nitta T, Go S, Inamori KI, Veillon L, Nihei W, Fujii M, Kabayama K, Shimoyama A, Fukase K, Ohto U, Shimizu T, Watanabe T, Shindo H, Aoki S, Sato K, Nagasaki M, Yatomi Y, Komura N, Ando H, Ishida H, Kiso M, Natori Y, Yoshimura Y, Zonca A, Cattaneo A, Letizia M, Ciampa M, Mauri L, Prinetti A, Sonnino S, Suzuki A, Inokuchi JI. Homeostatic and pathogenic roles of GM3 ganglioside molecular species in TLR4 signaling in obesity. EMBO J 2020; 39:e101732. [PMID: 32378734 PMCID: PMC7298289 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2019101732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Innate immune signaling via TLR4 plays critical roles in pathogenesis of metabolic disorders, but the contribution of different lipid species to metabolic disorders and inflammatory diseases is less clear. GM3 ganglioside in human serum is composed of a variety of fatty acids, including long‐chain (LCFA) and very‐long‐chain (VLCFA). Analysis of circulating levels of human serum GM3 species from patients at different stages of insulin resistance and chronic inflammation reveals that levels of VLCFA‐GM3 increase significantly in metabolic disorders, while LCFA‐GM3 serum levels decrease. Specific GM3 species also correlates with disease symptoms. VLCFA‐GM3 levels increase in the adipose tissue of obese mice, and this is blocked in TLR4‐mutant mice. In cultured monocytes, GM3 by itself has no effect on TLR4 activation; however, VLCFA‐GM3 synergistically and selectively enhances TLR4 activation by LPS/HMGB1, while LCFA‐GM3 and unsaturated VLCFA‐GM3 suppresses TLR4 activation. GM3 interacts with the extracellular region of TLR4/MD2 complex to modulate dimerization/oligomerization. Ligand‐molecular docking analysis supports that VLCFA‐GM3 and LCFA‐GM3 act as agonist and antagonist of TLR4 activity, respectively, by differentially binding to the hydrophobic pocket of MD2. Our findings suggest that VLCFA‐GM3 is a risk factor for TLR4‐mediated disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirotaka Kanoh
- Division of Glycopathology, Institute of Molecular Biomembrane and Glycobiology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Takahiro Nitta
- Division of Glycopathology, Institute of Molecular Biomembrane and Glycobiology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Shinji Go
- Division of Glycopathology, Institute of Molecular Biomembrane and Glycobiology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kei-Ichiro Inamori
- Division of Glycopathology, Institute of Molecular Biomembrane and Glycobiology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Lucas Veillon
- Division of Glycopathology, Institute of Molecular Biomembrane and Glycobiology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Wataru Nihei
- Division of Glycopathology, Institute of Molecular Biomembrane and Glycobiology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Mayu Fujii
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazuya Kabayama
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Atsushi Shimoyama
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Koichi Fukase
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Umeharu Ohto
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Shimizu
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Taku Watanabe
- Medical and Pharmaceutical Information Science, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hiroki Shindo
- Medical and Pharmaceutical Information Science, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Sorama Aoki
- Medical and Pharmaceutical Information Science, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kenichi Sato
- Medical and Pharmaceutical Information Science, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Mika Nagasaki
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine and Computational Diagnostic Radiology & Preventive Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yutaka Yatomi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoko Komura
- Center for Highly Advanced Integration of Nano and Life Sciences (G-CHAIN), Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Hiromune Ando
- Center for Highly Advanced Integration of Nano and Life Sciences (G-CHAIN), Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Hideharu Ishida
- Center for Highly Advanced Integration of Nano and Life Sciences (G-CHAIN), Gifu University, Gifu, Japan.,Department of Applied Bio-organic Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Makoto Kiso
- Organization for Research and Community Development, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Natori
- Division of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yuichi Yoshimura
- Division of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Asia Zonca
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milano, Italy
| | - Anna Cattaneo
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milano, Italy
| | - Marilena Letizia
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milano, Italy
| | - Maria Ciampa
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milano, Italy
| | - Laura Mauri
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milano, Italy
| | - Alessandro Prinetti
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milano, Italy
| | - Sandro Sonnino
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milano, Italy
| | - Akemi Suzuki
- Division of Glycopathology, Institute of Molecular Biomembrane and Glycobiology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Jin-Ichi Inokuchi
- Division of Glycopathology, Institute of Molecular Biomembrane and Glycobiology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
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15
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Grassi S, Giussani P, Mauri L, Prioni S, Sonnino S, Prinetti A. Lipid rafts and neurodegeneration: structural and functional roles in physiologic aging and neurodegenerative diseases. J Lipid Res 2020; 61:636-654. [PMID: 31871065 PMCID: PMC7193971 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.tr119000427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipid rafts are small, dynamic membrane areas characterized by the clustering of selected membrane lipids as the result of the spontaneous separation of glycolipids, sphingolipids, and cholesterol in a liquid-ordered phase. The exact dynamics underlying phase separation of membrane lipids in the complex biological membranes are still not fully understood. Nevertheless, alterations in the membrane lipid composition affect the lateral organization of molecules belonging to lipid rafts. Neural lipid rafts are found in brain cells, including neurons, astrocytes, and microglia, and are characterized by a high enrichment of specific lipids depending on the cell type. These lipid rafts seem to organize and determine the function of multiprotein complexes involved in several aspects of signal transduction, thus regulating the homeostasis of the brain. The progressive decline of brain performance along with physiological aging is at least in part associated with alterations in the composition and structure of neural lipid rafts. In addition, neurodegenerative conditions, such as lysosomal storage disorders, multiple sclerosis, and Parkinson's, Huntington's, and Alzheimer's diseases, are frequently characterized by dysregulated lipid metabolism, which in turn affects the structure of lipid rafts. Several events underlying the pathogenesis of these diseases appear to depend on the altered composition of lipid rafts. Thus, the structure and function of lipid rafts play a central role in the pathogenesis of many common neurodegenerative diseases.jlr;61/5/636/F1F1f1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Grassi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Giussani
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Mauri
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Simona Prioni
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Sandro Sonnino
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Prinetti
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy. mailto:
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16
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Fazzari M, Audano M, Lunghi G, Di Biase E, Loberto N, Mauri L, Mitro N, Sonnino S, Chiricozzi E. The oligosaccharide portion of ganglioside GM1 regulates mitochondrial function in neuroblastoma cells. Glycoconj J 2020; 37:293-306. [PMID: 32266604 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-020-09920-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 02/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The crucial role of ganglioside GM1 in the regulation of neural homeostasis has been assessed by several studies. Recently we shed new light on the molecular basis underlying GM1 effects demonstrating that GM1 oligosaccharide directly binds TrkA receptor and triggers MAPK pathway activation leading to neuronal differentiation and protection. Following its exogenous administration, proteomic analysis revealed an increased expression of proteins involved in several biochemical mechanisms, including mitochondrial bioenergetics. Based on these data, we investigated the possible effect of GM1 oligosaccharide administration on mitochondrial function. We show that wild-type Neuro2a cells exposed to GM1 oligosaccharide displayed an increased mitochondrial density and an enhanced mitochondrial activity together with reduced reactive oxygen species levels. Interestingly, using a Neuro2a model of mitochondrial dysfunction, we found an increased mitochondrial oxygen consumption rate as well as increased complex I and II activities upon GM1 oligosaccharide administration. Taken together, our data identify GM1 oligosaccharide as a mitochondrial regulator that by acting at the plasma membrane level triggers biochemical signaling pathway inducing mitochondriogenesis and increasing mitochondrial activity. Although further studies are necessary, the capability to enhance the function of impaired mitochondria points to the therapeutic potential of the GM1 oligosaccharide for the treatment of pathologies where these organelles are compromised, including Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Fazzari
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, Via Fratelli Cervi 93, 20090, Segrate (MI), Italy
| | - Matteo Audano
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133, Milan (MI), Italy
| | - Giulia Lunghi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, Via Fratelli Cervi 93, 20090, Segrate (MI), Italy
| | - Erika Di Biase
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, Via Fratelli Cervi 93, 20090, Segrate (MI), Italy
| | - Nicoletta Loberto
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, Via Fratelli Cervi 93, 20090, Segrate (MI), Italy
| | - Laura Mauri
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, Via Fratelli Cervi 93, 20090, Segrate (MI), Italy
| | - Nico Mitro
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133, Milan (MI), Italy.
| | - Sandro Sonnino
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, Via Fratelli Cervi 93, 20090, Segrate (MI), Italy
| | - Elena Chiricozzi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, Via Fratelli Cervi 93, 20090, Segrate (MI), Italy.
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17
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Di Biase E, Lunghi G, Fazzari M, Maggioni M, Pomè DY, Valsecchi M, Samarani M, Fato P, Ciampa MG, Prioni S, Mauri L, Sonnino S, Chiricozzi E. Gangliosides in the differentiation process of primary neurons: the specific role of GM1-oligosaccharide. Glycoconj J 2020; 37:329-343. [PMID: 32198666 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-020-09919-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
It has been recently reported by our group that GM1-oligosaccharide added to neuroblastoma cells or administered to mouse experimental model mimics the neurotrophic and neuroprotective properties of GM1 ganglioside. In addition to this, differently from GM1, GM1-oligosaccharide is not taken up by the cells, remaining solubilized into the extracellular environment interacting with cell surface proteins. Those characteristics make GM1-oligosaccharide a good tool to study the properties of the endogenous GM1, avoiding to interfere with the ganglioside natural metabolic pathway. In this study, we show that GM1-oligosaccharide administered to mice cerebellar granule neurons by interacting with cell surface induces TrkA-MAP kinase pathway activation enhancing neuron clustering, arborization and networking. Accordingly, in the presence of GM1-oligosaccharide, neurons show a higher phosphorylation rate of FAK and Src proteins, the intracellular key regulators of neuronal motility. Moreover, treated cells express increased level of specific neuronal markers, suggesting an advanced stage of maturation compared to controls. In parallel, we found that in the presence of GM1-oligosaccharide, neurons accelerate the expression of complex gangliosides and reduce the level of the simplest ones, displaying the typical ganglioside pattern of mature neurons. Our data confirms the specific role of GM1 in neuronal differentiation and maturation, determined by its oligosaccharide portion. GM1-oligosacchairide interaction with cell surface receptors triggers the activation of intracellular biochemical pathways responsible for neuronal migration, dendrites emission and axon growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Di Biase
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, Via Fratelli Cervi 93, 20090, Segrate, MI, Italy
| | - Giulia Lunghi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, Via Fratelli Cervi 93, 20090, Segrate, MI, Italy
| | - Maria Fazzari
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, Via Fratelli Cervi 93, 20090, Segrate, MI, Italy
| | - Margherita Maggioni
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, Via Fratelli Cervi 93, 20090, Segrate, MI, Italy
| | - Diego Yuri Pomè
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, Via Fratelli Cervi 93, 20090, Segrate, MI, Italy
| | - Manuela Valsecchi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, Via Fratelli Cervi 93, 20090, Segrate, MI, Italy
| | - Maura Samarani
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, Via Fratelli Cervi 93, 20090, Segrate, MI, Italy
| | - Pamela Fato
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, Via Fratelli Cervi 93, 20090, Segrate, MI, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Ciampa
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, Via Fratelli Cervi 93, 20090, Segrate, MI, Italy
| | - Simona Prioni
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, Via Fratelli Cervi 93, 20090, Segrate, MI, Italy
| | - Laura Mauri
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, Via Fratelli Cervi 93, 20090, Segrate, MI, Italy
| | - Sandro Sonnino
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, Via Fratelli Cervi 93, 20090, Segrate, MI, Italy
| | - Elena Chiricozzi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, Via Fratelli Cervi 93, 20090, Segrate, MI, Italy.
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18
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Chiricozzi E, Lunghi G, Di Biase E, Fazzari M, Sonnino S, Mauri L. GM1 Ganglioside Is A Key Factor in Maintaining the Mammalian Neuronal Functions Avoiding Neurodegeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E868. [PMID: 32013258 PMCID: PMC7037093 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21030868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Many species of ganglioside GM1, differing for the sialic acid and ceramide content, have been characterized and their physico-chemical properties have been studied in detail since 1963. Scientists were immediately attracted to the GM1 molecule and have carried on an ever-increasing number of studies to understand its binding properties and its neurotrophic and neuroprotective role. GM1 displays a well balanced amphiphilic behavior that allows to establish strong both hydrophobic and hydrophilic interactions. The peculiar structure of GM1 reduces the fluidity of the plasma membrane which implies a retention and enrichment of the ganglioside in specific membrane domains called lipid rafts. The dynamism of the GM1 oligosaccharide head allows it to assume different conformations and, in this way, to interact through hydrogen or ionic bonds with a wide range of membrane receptors as well as with extracellular ligands. After more than 60 years of studies, it is a milestone that GM1 is one of the main actors in determining the neuronal functions that allows humans to have an intellectual life. The progressive reduction of its biosynthesis along the lifespan is being considered as one of the causes underlying neuronal loss in aged people and severe neuronal decline in neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we report on the main knowledge on ganglioside GM1, with an emphasis on the recent discoveries about its bioactive component.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Sandro Sonnino
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, 20090 Segrate, Milano, Italy; (E.C.)
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Chiricozzi E, Mauri L, Lunghi G, Di Biase E, Fazzari M, Maggioni M, Valsecchi M, Prioni S, Loberto N, Pomè DY, Ciampa MG, Fato P, Verlengia G, Cattaneo S, Assini R, Wu G, Alselehdar S, Ledeen RW, Sonnino S. Parkinson's disease recovery by GM1 oligosaccharide treatment in the B4galnt1 +/- mouse model. Sci Rep 2019; 9:19330. [PMID: 31852959 PMCID: PMC6920361 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-55885-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Given the recent in vitro discovery that the free soluble oligosaccharide of GM1 is the bioactive portion of GM1 for neurotrophic functions, we investigated its therapeutic potential in the B4galnt1+/− mice, a model of sporadic Parkinson’s disease. We found that the GM1 oligosaccharide, systemically administered, reaches the brain and completely rescues the physical symptoms, reduces the abnormal nigral α-synuclein content, restores nigral tyrosine hydroxylase expression and striatal neurotransmitter levels, overlapping the wild-type condition. Thus, this study supports the idea that the Parkinson’s phenotype expressed by the B4galnt1+/− mice is due to a reduced level of neuronal ganglioside content and lack of interactions between the oligosaccharide portion of GM1 with specific membrane proteins. It also points to the therapeutic potential of the GM1 oligosaccharide for treatment of sporadic Parkinson’s disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Chiricozzi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Transcriptional Medicine, University of Milano, Milano, Italy.
| | - Laura Mauri
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Transcriptional Medicine, University of Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Giulia Lunghi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Transcriptional Medicine, University of Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Erika Di Biase
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Transcriptional Medicine, University of Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Maria Fazzari
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Transcriptional Medicine, University of Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Margherita Maggioni
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Transcriptional Medicine, University of Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Manuela Valsecchi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Transcriptional Medicine, University of Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Simona Prioni
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Transcriptional Medicine, University of Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Loberto
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Transcriptional Medicine, University of Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Diego Yuri Pomè
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Transcriptional Medicine, University of Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Ciampa
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Transcriptional Medicine, University of Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Pamela Fato
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Transcriptional Medicine, University of Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Gianluca Verlengia
- School of Medicine, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy.,Department of Medical Sciences and National Institute of Neuroscience, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Stefano Cattaneo
- School of Medicine, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy
| | - Robert Assini
- Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, New Jersey, USA
| | - Gusheng Wu
- Division of Neurochemistry, Department of Pharmacology, Physiology & Neuroscience, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Samar Alselehdar
- Division of Neurochemistry, Department of Pharmacology, Physiology & Neuroscience, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Robert W Ledeen
- Division of Neurochemistry, Department of Pharmacology, Physiology & Neuroscience, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Sandro Sonnino
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Transcriptional Medicine, University of Milano, Milano, Italy.
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20
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Grassi S, Mauri L, Prioni S, Cabitta L, Sonnino S, Prinetti A, Giussani P. Sphingosine 1-Phosphate Receptors and Metabolic Enzymes as Druggable Targets for Brain Diseases. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:807. [PMID: 31427962 PMCID: PMC6689979 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The central nervous system is characterized by a high content of sphingolipids and by a high diversity in terms of different structures. Stage- and cell-specific sphingolipid metabolism and expression are crucial for brain development and maintenance toward adult age. On the other hand, deep dysregulation of sphingolipid metabolism, leading to altered sphingolipid pattern, is associated with the majority of neurological and neurodegenerative diseases, even those totally lacking a common etiological background. Thus, sphingolipid metabolism has always been regarded as a promising pharmacological target for the treatment of brain disorders. However, any therapeutic hypothesis applied to complex amphipathic sphingolipids, components of cellular membranes, has so far failed probably because of the high regional complexity and specificity of the different biological roles of these structures. Simpler sphingosine-based lipids, including ceramide and sphingosine 1-phosphate, are important regulators of brain homeostasis, and, thanks to the relative simplicity of their metabolic network, they seem a feasible druggable target for the treatment of brain diseases. The enzymes involved in the control of the levels of bioactive sphingoids, as well as the receptors engaged by these molecules, have increasingly allured pharmacologists and clinicians, and eventually fingolimod, a functional antagonist of sphingosine 1-phosphate receptors with immunomodulatory properties, was approved for the therapy of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. Considering the importance of neuroinflammation in many other brain diseases, we would expect an extension of the use of such analogs for the treatment of other ailments in the future. Nevertheless, many aspects other than neuroinflammation are regulated by bioactive sphingoids in healthy brain and dysregulated in brain disease. In this review, we are addressing the multifaceted possibility to address the metabolism and biology of bioactive sphingosine 1-phosphate as novel targets for the development of therapeutic paradigms and the discovery of new drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Grassi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Mauri
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Simona Prioni
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Livia Cabitta
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Sandro Sonnino
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Prinetti
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Giussani
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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21
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Sonnino S. The international Glycoconjugate organization awards. Glycoconj J 2019; 36:237. [PMID: 31267249 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-019-09877-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sandro Sonnino
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
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22
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Chiricozzi E, Maggioni M, di Biase E, Lunghi G, Fazzari M, Loberto N, Elisa M, Scalvini FG, Tedeschi G, Sonnino S. The Neuroprotective Role of the GM1 Oligosaccharide, II 3Neu5Ac-Gg 4, in Neuroblastoma Cells. Mol Neurobiol 2019; 56:6673-6702. [PMID: 30911934 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-019-1556-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Recently, we demonstrated that the GM1 oligosaccharide, II3Neu5Ac-Gg4 (OligoGM1), administered to cultured murine Neuro2a neuroblastoma cells interacts with the NGF receptor TrkA, leading to the activation of the ERK1/2 downstream pathway and to cell differentiation. To understand how the activation of the TrkA pathway is able to trigger key biochemical signaling, we performed a proteomic analysis on Neuro2a cells treated with 50 μM OligoGM1 for 24 h. Over 3000 proteins were identified. Among these, 324 proteins were exclusively expressed in OligoGM1-treated cells. Interestingly, several proteins expressed only in OligoGM1-treated cells are involved in biochemical mechanisms with a neuroprotective potential, reflecting the GM1 neuroprotective effect. In addition, we found that the exogenous administration of OligoGM1 reduced the cellular oxidative stress in Neuro2a cells and conferred protection against MPTP neurotoxicity. These results confirm and reinforce the idea that the molecular mechanisms underlying the GM1 neurotrophic and neuroprotective effects depend on its oligosaccharide chain, suggesting the activation of a positive signaling starting at plasma membrane level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Chiricozzi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Via Fratelli Cervi 93, 20090, Segrate, MI, Italy.
| | - Margherita Maggioni
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Via Fratelli Cervi 93, 20090, Segrate, MI, Italy
| | - Erika di Biase
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Via Fratelli Cervi 93, 20090, Segrate, MI, Italy
| | - Giulia Lunghi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Via Fratelli Cervi 93, 20090, Segrate, MI, Italy
| | - Maria Fazzari
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Via Fratelli Cervi 93, 20090, Segrate, MI, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Loberto
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Via Fratelli Cervi 93, 20090, Segrate, MI, Italy
| | - Maffioli Elisa
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Milan, via Celoria 10, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Gabriella Tedeschi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Milan, via Celoria 10, 20133, Milan, Italy
- Fondazione Unimi, v.le Ortles 22/4, 20139, Milan, Italy
| | - Sandro Sonnino
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Via Fratelli Cervi 93, 20090, Segrate, MI, Italy.
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23
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Chiricozzi E, Biase ED, Maggioni M, Lunghi G, Fazzari M, Pomè DY, Casellato R, Loberto N, Mauri L, Sonnino S. GM1 promotes TrkA-mediated neuroblastoma cell differentiation by occupying a plasma membrane domain different from TrkA. J Neurochem 2019; 149:231-241. [PMID: 30776097 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.14685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Revised: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Recently, we highlighted that the ganglioside GM1 promotes neuroblastoma cells differentiation by activating the TrkA receptor through the formation of a TrkA-GM1 oligosaccharide complex at the cell surface. To study the TrkA-GM1 interaction, we synthesized two radioactive GM1 derivatives presenting a photoactivable nitrophenylazide group at the end of lipid moiety, 1 or at position 6 of external galactose, 2; and a radioactive oligosaccharide portion of GM1 carrying the nitrophenylazide group at position 1 of glucose, 3. The three compounds were singly administered to cultured neuroblastoma Neuro2a cells under established conditions that allow cell surface interactions. After UV activation of photoactivable compounds, the proteins were analyzed by PAGE separation. The formation of cross-linked TrkA-GM1 derivatives complexes was identified by both radioimaging and immunoblotting. Results indicated that the administration of compounds 2 and 3, carrying the photoactivable group on the oligosaccharide, led to the formation of a radioactive TrkA complex, while the administration of compound 1 did not. This underlines that the TrkA-GM1 interaction directly involves the GM1 oligosaccharide, but not the ceramide. To better understand how GM1 relates to the TrkA, we isolated plasma membrane lipid rafts. As expected, GM1 was found in the rigid detergent-resistant fractions, while TrkA was found as a detergent soluble fraction component. These results suggest that TrkA and GM1 belong to separate membrane domains: probably TrkA interacts by 'flopping' down its extracellular portion onto the membrane, approaching its interplay site to the oligosaccharide portion of GM1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Chiricozzi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Erika Di Biase
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Margherita Maggioni
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Giulia Lunghi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Maria Fazzari
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Diego Yuri Pomè
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Riccardo Casellato
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Loberto
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Laura Mauri
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Sandro Sonnino
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, Milano, Italy
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24
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Sonnino S. New horizons in Glycobiology research. FEBS Lett 2018; 592:3771-3772. [PMID: 30536985 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.13300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sandro Sonnino
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Italy
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25
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Malekkou A, Samarani M, Drousiotou A, Votsi C, Sonnino S, Pantzaris M, Chiricozzi E, Zamba-Papanicolaou E, Aureli M, Loberto N, Christodoulou K. Biochemical Characterization of the GBA2 c.1780G>C Missense Mutation in Lymphoblastoid Cells from Patients with Spastic Ataxia. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19103099. [PMID: 30308956 PMCID: PMC6213336 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19103099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Revised: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The GBA2 gene encodes the non-lysosomal glucosylceramidase (NLGase), an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of glucosylceramide (GlcCer) to ceramide and glucose. Mutations in GBA2 have been associated with the development of neurological disorders such as autosomal recessive cerebellar ataxia, hereditary spastic paraplegia, and Marinesco-Sjogren-Like Syndrome. Our group has previously identified the GBA2 c.1780G>C [p.Asp594His] missense mutation, in a Cypriot consanguineous family with spastic ataxia. In this study, we carried out a biochemical characterization of lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs) derived from three patients of this family. We found that the mutation strongly reduce NLGase activity both intracellularly and at the plasma membrane level. Additionally, we observed a two-fold increase of GlcCer content in LCLs derived from patients compared to controls, with the C16 lipid being the most abundant GlcCer species. Moreover, we showed that there is an apparent compensatory effect between NLGase and the lysosomal glucosylceramidase (GCase), since we found that the activity of GCase was three-fold higher in LCLs derived from patients compared to controls. We conclude that the c.1780G>C mutation results in NLGase loss of function with abolishment of the enzymatic activity and accumulation of GlcCer accompanied by a compensatory increase in GCase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Malekkou
- Biochemical Genetics Department, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia 1683, Cyprus.
- Cyprus School of Molecular Medicine, Nicosia 1683, Cyprus.
| | - Maura Samarani
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, 20122 Milano, Italy.
| | - Anthi Drousiotou
- Biochemical Genetics Department, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia 1683, Cyprus.
- Cyprus School of Molecular Medicine, Nicosia 1683, Cyprus.
| | - Christina Votsi
- Cyprus School of Molecular Medicine, Nicosia 1683, Cyprus.
- Neurogenetics Department, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia 1683, Cyprus.
| | - Sandro Sonnino
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, 20122 Milano, Italy.
| | - Marios Pantzaris
- Cyprus School of Molecular Medicine, Nicosia 1683, Cyprus.
- Neurology Clinic C, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia 1683, Cyprus.
| | - Elena Chiricozzi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, 20122 Milano, Italy.
| | - Eleni Zamba-Papanicolaou
- Cyprus School of Molecular Medicine, Nicosia 1683, Cyprus.
- Neurology Clinic D, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia 1683, Cyprus.
| | - Massimo Aureli
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, 20122 Milano, Italy.
| | - Nicoletta Loberto
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, 20122 Milano, Italy.
| | - Kyproula Christodoulou
- Cyprus School of Molecular Medicine, Nicosia 1683, Cyprus.
- Neurogenetics Department, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia 1683, Cyprus.
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26
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Samarani M, Loberto N, Soldà G, Straniero L, Asselta R, Duga S, Lunghi G, Zucca FA, Mauri L, Ciampa MG, Schiumarini D, Bassi R, Giussani P, Chiricozzi E, Prinetti A, Aureli M, Sonnino S. A lysosome-plasma membrane-sphingolipid axis linking lysosomal storage to cell growth arrest. FASEB J 2018; 32:5685-5702. [PMID: 29746165 PMCID: PMC6133699 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201701512rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Lysosomal accumulation of undegraded materials is a common feature of lysosomal storage diseases, neurodegenerative disorders, and the aging process. To better understand the role of lysosomal storage in the onset of cell damage, we used human fibroblasts loaded with sucrose as a model of lysosomal accumulation. Sucrose-loaded fibroblasts displayed increased lysosomal biogenesis followed by arrested cell proliferation. Notably, we found that reduced lysosomal catabolism and autophagy impairment led to an increase in sphingolipids ( i.e., sphingomyelin, glucosylceramide, ceramide, and the gangliosides GM3 and GD3), at both intracellular and plasma membrane (PM) levels. In addition, we observed an increase in the lysosomal membrane protein Lamp-1 on the PM of sucrose-loaded fibroblasts and a greater release of the soluble lysosomal protein cathepsin D in their extracellular medium compared with controls. These results indicate increased fusion between lysosomes and the PM, as also suggested by the increased activity of lysosomal glycosphingolipid hydrolases on the PM of sucrose-loaded fibroblasts. The inhibition of β-glucocerebrosidase and nonlysosomal glucosylceramidase, both involved in ceramide production resulting from glycosphingolipid catabolism on the PM, partially restored cell proliferation. Our findings indicate the existence of a new molecular mechanism underlying cell damage triggered by lysosomal impairment.-Samarani, M., Loberto, N., Soldà, G., Straniero, L., Asselta, R., Duga, S., Lunghi, G., Zucca, F. A., Mauri, L., Ciampa, M. G., Schiumarini, D., Bassi, R., Giussani, P., Chiricozzi, E., Prinetti, A., Aureli, M., Sonnino, S. A lysosome-plasma membrane-sphingolipid axis linking lysosomal storage to cell growth arrest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maura Samarani
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Loberto
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Soldà
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Letizia Straniero
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Rosanna Asselta
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Duga
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Lunghi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Fabio A. Zucca
- Institute of Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council of Italy, Segrate, Italy
| | - Laura Mauri
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Ciampa
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Domitilla Schiumarini
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Rosaria Bassi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Giussani
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Chiricozzi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Prinetti
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo Aureli
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Sandro Sonnino
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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27
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Sonnino S, Prinetti A. Introduction: the Glycobiology of nervous system. Glycoconj J 2018; 35:343-344. [PMID: 30182161 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-018-9840-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sandro Sonnino
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, Milan, Italy.
| | - Alessandro Prinetti
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, Milan, Italy
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28
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Aureli M, Samarani M, Loberto N, Chiricozzi E, Mauri L, Grassi S, Schiumarini D, Prinetti A, Sonnino S. Neuronal membrane dynamics as fine regulator of sphingolipid composition. Glycoconj J 2018; 35:397-402. [PMID: 30145639 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-018-9841-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Sphingolipid metabolism is an intricate network of several interdependent and co-regulated pathways. In addition to the mainstream biosynthetic and catabolic pathways, several processes, even if less important in contributing to the final tissue sphingolipid composition from the quantitative point of view, might become relevant when sphingolipid metabolism is for any reason dysregulated and concur to the onset of neuronal pathologies. The main subcellular sites involved in the mainstream metabolic pathway are represented by the Golgi apparatus (for the biosynthesis) and by the lysosomes (for catabolism). On the other hand, the minor collateral pathways are associated with the plasma membrane and membranes of other organelles, and likely play important roles in the local regulation of membrane dynamics and contribute to maintain a perfect membrane organization functional to the physiology of the cell. In this review, we will consider few aspects of the sphingolipid metabolic pathway depending by the dynamic of the membranes that seems to become relevant in neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Aureli
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, Via Fratelli Cervi 93, 20090, Segrate, Milan, Italy.
| | - Maura Samarani
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, Via Fratelli Cervi 93, 20090, Segrate, Milan, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Loberto
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, Via Fratelli Cervi 93, 20090, Segrate, Milan, Italy.
| | - Elena Chiricozzi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, Via Fratelli Cervi 93, 20090, Segrate, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Mauri
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, Via Fratelli Cervi 93, 20090, Segrate, Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Grassi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, Via Fratelli Cervi 93, 20090, Segrate, Milan, Italy
| | - Domitilla Schiumarini
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, Via Fratelli Cervi 93, 20090, Segrate, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Prinetti
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, Via Fratelli Cervi 93, 20090, Segrate, Milan, Italy
| | - Sandro Sonnino
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, Via Fratelli Cervi 93, 20090, Segrate, Milan, Italy
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29
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Grassi S, Chiricozzi E, Mauri L, Sonnino S, Prinetti A. Sphingolipids and neuronal degeneration in lysosomal storage disorders. J Neurochem 2018; 148:600-611. [PMID: 29959861 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.14540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Revised: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Ceramide, sphingomyelin, and glycosphingolipids (both neutral and acidic) are characterized by the presence in the lipid moiety of an aliphatic base known as sphingosine. Altogether, they are called sphingolipids and are particularly abundant in neuronal plasma membranes, where, via interactions with the other membrane lipids and membrane proteins, they play a specific role in modulating the cell signaling processes. The metabolic pathways determining the plasma membrane sphingolipid composition are thus the key point for functional changes of the cell properties. Unnatural changes of the neuronal properties are observed in sphingolipidoses, lysosomal storage diseases occurring when a lysosomal sphingolipid hydrolase is not working, leading to the accumulation of the substrate and to its distribution to all the cell membranes interacting with lysosomes. Moreover, secondary accumulation of sphingolipids is a common trait of other lysosomal storage diseases. This article is part of the Special Issue "Lysosomal Storage Disorders".
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Grassi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Chiricozzi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Mauri
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Sandro Sonnino
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Prinetti
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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Chai W, Zhang Y, Mauri L, Ciampa MG, Mulloy B, Sonnino S, Feizi T. Assignment by Negative-Ion Electrospray Tandem Mass Spectrometry of the Tetrasaccharide Backbones of Monosialylated Glycans Released from Bovine Brain Gangliosides. J Am Soc Mass Spectrom 2018; 29:1308-1318. [PMID: 29752599 PMCID: PMC6003998 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-018-1944-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Revised: 03/10/2018] [Accepted: 03/10/2018] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Gangliosides, as plasma membrane-associated sialylated glycolipids, are antigenic structures and they serve as ligands for adhesion proteins of pathogens, for toxins of bacteria, and for endogenous proteins of the host. The detectability by carbohydrate-binding proteins of glycan antigens and ligands on glycolipids can be influenced by the differing lipid moieties. To investigate glycan sequences of gangliosides as recognition structures, we have underway a program of work to develop a "gangliome" microarray consisting of isolated natural gangliosides and neoglycolipids (NGLs) derived from glycans released from them, and each linked to the same lipid molecule for arraying and comparative microarray binding analyses. Here, in the first phase of our studies, we describe a strategy for high-sensitivity assignment of the tetrasaccharide backbones and application to identification of eight of monosialylated glycans released from bovine brain gangliosides. This approach is based on negative-ion electrospray mass spectrometry with collision-induced dissociation (ESI-CID-MS/MS) of the desialylated glycans. Using this strategy, we have the data on backbone regions of four minor components among the monosialo-ganglioside-derived glycans; these are of the ganglio-, lacto-, and neolacto-series. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wengang Chai
- Glycosciences Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, London, W12 0NN, UK.
| | - Yibing Zhang
- Glycosciences Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Laura Mauri
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Center of Excellence on Neurodegenerative Diseases, Graduate School of Biochemical, Nutritional and Metabolic Sciences, University of Milan, 20090, Segrate, Italy
| | - Maria G Ciampa
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Center of Excellence on Neurodegenerative Diseases, Graduate School of Biochemical, Nutritional and Metabolic Sciences, University of Milan, 20090, Segrate, Italy
| | - Barbara Mulloy
- Glycosciences Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Sandro Sonnino
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Center of Excellence on Neurodegenerative Diseases, Graduate School of Biochemical, Nutritional and Metabolic Sciences, University of Milan, 20090, Segrate, Italy
| | - Ten Feizi
- Glycosciences Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, London, W12 0NN, UK.
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Abstract
Since the structure of GM1 was elucidated 55years ago, researchers have been attracted by the sialylated glycans of gangliosides. Gangliosides head groups, protruding toward the extracellular space, significantly contribute to the cell glycocalyx; and in certain cells, such as neurons, are major determinants of the features of the cell surface. Expression of glycosyltransferases involved in the de novo biosynthesis of gangliosides is tightly regulated along cell differentiation and activation, and is regarded as the main metabolic mechanism responsible for the acquisition of cell-specific ganglioside patterns. The resulting sialooligosaccharides are characterized by a high degree of geometrical complexity and by highly dynamic properties, which seem to be functional for complex interactions with other molecules sitting on the same cellular membrane (cis-interactions) or soluble molecules present in the extracellular environment, or molecules associated with the surface of other cells (trans-interactions). There is no doubt that the multifaceted biological functions of gangliosides are largely dependent on oligosaccharide-mediated molecular interactions. However, gangliosides are amphipathic membrane lipids, and their chemicophysical, aggregational, and, consequently, biological properties are dictated by the properties of the monomers as a whole, which are not merely dependent on the structures of their polar head groups. In this chapter, we would like to focus on the peculiar chemicophysical features of gangliosides (in particular, those of the nervous system), that represent an important driving force determining the organization and properties of cellular membranes, and to emphasize the causal connections between altered ganglioside-dependent membrane organization and relevant pathological conditions.
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Cattaneo MG, Vanetti C, Samarani M, Aureli M, Bassi R, Sonnino S, Giussani P. Cross-talk between sphingosine-1-phosphate and EGFR signaling pathways enhances human glioblastoma cell invasiveness. FEBS Lett 2018; 592:949-961. [PMID: 29427528 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.13000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Revised: 01/26/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
We show that glioblastoma multiform (GBM) cells overexpressing the constitutively active form of the epidermal growth factor receptor [epidermal growth factor receptor variant III (EGFRvIII) and U87MG human GBM cell line overexpressing EGFRvIII (EGFR+) cells] possess greater invasive properties and have higher levels of extracellular sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) and increased sphingosine kinase-1 (SK1) activity than the empty vector-expressing cells. Notably, the inhibition of SK1 or S1P receptors decreases the invasiveness of EGFR+ cells. Moreover, EGFR and MEK1 inhibitors reduce both SK1 activation and cell invasion, suggesting that the enhanced invasiveness observed in the EGFR+ cells depends on the increased S1P secretion, downstream of the EGFRvIII-ERK-SK1-S1P pathway. Altogether, the results of the present study indicate that, in GBM cells, EGFRvIII is connected with the S1P signaling pathway to enhance cell invasiveness and tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Grazia Cattaneo
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy
| | - Claudia Vanetti
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy
| | - Maura Samarani
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, LITA Segrate, Milano, Italy
| | - Massimo Aureli
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, LITA Segrate, Milano, Italy
| | - Rosaria Bassi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, LITA Segrate, Milano, Italy
| | - Sandro Sonnino
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, LITA Segrate, Milano, Italy
| | - Paola Giussani
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, LITA Segrate, Milano, Italy
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandro Sonnino
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
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Abstract
In this chapter, we present the preparation of gangliosides isotopically labelled with 3H or 14C. The methods do not present specific difficulties and can be used in any radiochemical laboratory. Some procedures can be applied to both gangliosides and neutral glycosphingolipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Mauri
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Simona Prioni
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Ciampa
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Sandro Sonnino
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
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Abstract
Structure, conformation, and dynamics of sphingolipids can provide substantial help in better understanding sphingolipid-ligand interaction mechanisms. Both the oligosaccharide structure and the ceramide moiety of native glycosphingolipid can be established directly by NMR spectroscopic analysis without the necessity to resort to any other chemical or spectroscopic methods. NMR is a powerful technique to investigate interaction between small ligand, such as ganglioside, and membrane protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Acquotti
- Centro Interdipartimentale Misure, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.
| | - Laura Mauri
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Sandro Sonnino
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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Chiricozzi E, Pomè DY, Maggioni M, Di Biase E, Parravicini C, Palazzolo L, Loberto N, Eberini I, Sonnino S. Role of the GM1 ganglioside oligosaccharide portion in the TrkA-dependent neurite sprouting in neuroblastoma cells. J Neurochem 2017; 143:645-659. [PMID: 28796418 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.14146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Revised: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
GM1 ganglioside (II3 NeuAc-Gg4 Cer) is known to promote neurite formation in neuroblastoma cells by activating TrkA-MAPK pathway. The molecular mechanism by which GM1 is involved in the neurodifferentiation process is still unknown, however, in vitro and in vivo evidences have suggested that the oligosaccharide portion of this ganglioside could be involved. Here, we report that, similarly to the entire GM1 molecule, its oligosaccharide II3 NeuAc-Gg4, rather than its ceramide (Cer) portion is responsible for the neurodifferentiation process by augmenting neurite elongation and increasing the neurofilament protein expression in murine neuroblastoma cells, Neuro2a. Conversely, asialo-GM1, GM2 and GM3 oligosaccharides are not effective in neurite elongation on Neuro2a cells, whereas the effect exerted by the Fuc-GM1 oligosaccharide (IV2 αFucII3 Neu5Ac-Gg4 ) is similar to that exerted by GM1 oligosaccharide. The neurotrophic properties of GM1 oligosaccharide are exerted by activating the TrkA receptor and the following phosphorylation cascade. By photolabeling experiments performed with a nitrophenylazide containing GM1 oligosaccharide, labeled with tritium, we showed a direct interaction between the GM1 oligosaccharide and the extracellular domain of TrkA receptor. Moreover, molecular docking analyses confirmed that GM1 oligosaccharide binds the TrkA-nerve growth factor complex leading to a binding free energy of approx. -11.5 kcal/mol, acting as a bridge able to increase and stabilize the TrkA-nerve growth factor molecular interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Chiricozzi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, Segrate, Milano, Italy
| | - Diego Yuri Pomè
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, Segrate, Milano, Italy
| | - Margherita Maggioni
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, Segrate, Milano, Italy
| | - Erika Di Biase
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, Segrate, Milano, Italy
| | - Chiara Parravicini
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Luca Palazzolo
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Loberto
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, Segrate, Milano, Italy
| | - Ivano Eberini
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Sandro Sonnino
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, Segrate, Milano, Italy
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Go S, Go S, Veillon L, Ciampa MG, Mauri L, Sato C, Kitajima K, Prinetti A, Sonnino S, Inokuchi JI. Altered expression of ganglioside GM3 molecular species and a potential regulatory role during myoblast differentiation. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:7040-7051. [PMID: 28275055 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.771253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Revised: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Gangliosides (sialic acid-containing glycosphingolipids) help regulate many important biological processes, including cell proliferation, signal transduction, and differentiation, via formation of functional microdomains in plasma membranes. The structural diversity of gangliosides arises from both the ceramide moiety and glycan portion. Recently, differing molecular species of a given ganglioside are suggested to have distinct biological properties and regulate specific and distinct biological events. Elucidation of the function of each molecular species is important and will provide new insights into ganglioside biology. Gangliosides are also suggested to be involved in skeletal muscle differentiation; however, the differential roles of ganglioside molecular species remain unclear. Here we describe striking changes in quantity and quality of gangliosides (particularly GM3) during differentiation of mouse C2C12 myoblast cells and key roles played by distinct GM3 molecular species at each step of the process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinji Go
- From the Division of Glycopathology, Institute of Molecular Biomembrane and Glycobiology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai 981-8558, Japan
| | - Shiori Go
- From the Division of Glycopathology, Institute of Molecular Biomembrane and Glycobiology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai 981-8558, Japan.,Bioscience and Biotechnology Center, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan, and
| | - Lucas Veillon
- From the Division of Glycopathology, Institute of Molecular Biomembrane and Glycobiology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai 981-8558, Japan
| | - Maria Grazia Ciampa
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, 20090 Segrate Milano, Italy
| | - Laura Mauri
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, 20090 Segrate Milano, Italy
| | - Chihiro Sato
- Bioscience and Biotechnology Center, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan, and
| | - Ken Kitajima
- Bioscience and Biotechnology Center, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan, and
| | - Alessandro Prinetti
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, 20090 Segrate Milano, Italy
| | - Sandro Sonnino
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, 20090 Segrate Milano, Italy
| | - Jin-Ichi Inokuchi
- From the Division of Glycopathology, Institute of Molecular Biomembrane and Glycobiology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai 981-8558, Japan,
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Nakayama H, Kurihara H, Morita YS, Kinoshita T, Mauri L, Prinetti A, Sonnino S, Yokoyama N, Ogawa H, Takamori K, Iwabuchi K. Lipoarabinomannan binding to lactosylceramide in lipid rafts is essential for the phagocytosis of mycobacteria by human neutrophils. Sci Signal 2016; 9:ra101. [PMID: 27729551 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aaf1585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Pathogenic mycobacteria use virulence factors, including mannose-capped lipoarabinomannan (ManLAM), to survive in host phagocytic cells, such as neutrophils. We assessed the roles of lactosylceramide (LacCer, CDw17)-enriched lipid rafts in the phagocytosis of mycobacteria by human neutrophils and in the intracellular fate of phagocytosed mycobacteria. We showed that the association of the Src family kinase (SFK) Lyn with C24 fatty acid chain-containing LacCer was essential for the phagocytosis of mycobacteria by neutrophils. Assays with LacCer-containing liposomes, LacCer-coated plastic plates, and LAM-coated beads demonstrated that the phagocytosis of mycobacteria was mediated through the binding of LacCer to LAM. Both ManLAM from pathogenic species and phosphoinositol-capped LAM (PILAM) from nonpathogenic Mycobacterium smegmatis bound equivalently to LacCer to stimulate phagocytosis. However, PILAM from an M. smegmatis α1,2-mannosyltransferase deletion mutant (ΔMSMEG_4247), lacking the α1,2-monomannose side branches of the LAM mannan core, did not bind to LacCer or induce phagocytosis. An anti-LacCer antibody immunoprecipitated the SFK Hck from the phagosomes of neutrophils that internalized nonpathogenic mycobacteria but not from those that internalized pathogenic mycobacteria. Furthermore, knockdown of Hck by short inhibitory RNA abolished the fusion of lysosomes with phagosomes containing nonpathogenic mycobacteria. Further analysis showed that ManLAM, but not PILAM, inhibited the association of Hck with LacCer-enriched lipid rafts in phagosomal membranes, effectively blocking phagolysosome formation. Together, these findings suggest that pathogenic mycobacteria use ManLAM not only for binding to LacCer-enriched lipid rafts and entering neutrophils but also for disrupting signaling through Hck-coupled, LacCer-enriched lipid rafts and preventing phagolysosome formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitoshi Nakayama
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Juntendo University Faculty of Health Care and Nursing, Urayasu, Chiba 279-0023, Japan. Institute for Environmental and Gender-Specific Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Urayasu, Chiba 279-0021, Japan
| | - Hidetake Kurihara
- Department of Anatomy, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Yasu S Morita
- Department of Microbiology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003-9364, USA. Department of Immunoregulation, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, World Premier International Research Center Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Taroh Kinoshita
- Department of Immunoregulation, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, World Premier International Research Center Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Laura Mauri
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Interdisciplinary Laboratory for Advanced Technologies, University of Milan, Via Fratelli Cervi, Milano 20129, Italy
| | - Alessandro Prinetti
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Interdisciplinary Laboratory for Advanced Technologies, University of Milan, Via Fratelli Cervi, Milano 20129, Italy
| | - Sandro Sonnino
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Interdisciplinary Laboratory for Advanced Technologies, University of Milan, Via Fratelli Cervi, Milano 20129, Italy
| | - Noriko Yokoyama
- Institute for Environmental and Gender-Specific Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Urayasu, Chiba 279-0021, Japan
| | - Hideoki Ogawa
- Institute for Environmental and Gender-Specific Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Urayasu, Chiba 279-0021, Japan
| | - Kenji Takamori
- Institute for Environmental and Gender-Specific Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Urayasu, Chiba 279-0021, Japan
| | - Kazuhisa Iwabuchi
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Juntendo University Faculty of Health Care and Nursing, Urayasu, Chiba 279-0023, Japan. Institute for Environmental and Gender-Specific Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Urayasu, Chiba 279-0021, Japan. Infection Control Nursing, Juntendo University Graduate School of Health Care and Nursing, Urayasu, Chiba 279-0023, Japan.
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Aureli M, Schiumarini D, Loberto N, Bassi R, Tamanini A, Mancini G, Tironi M, Munari S, Cabrini G, Dechecchi MC, Sonnino S. Unravelling the role of sphingolipids in cystic fibrosis lung disease. Chem Phys Lipids 2016; 200:94-103. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2016.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2016] [Revised: 08/22/2016] [Accepted: 08/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Sonnino S, Prinetti A. The role of sphingolipids in neuronal plasticity of the brain. J Neurochem 2016; 137:485-8. [PMID: 26990419 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.13589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Revised: 02/17/2016] [Accepted: 02/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This Editorial highlights a study by Müller et al. in which the authors suggest a new sphingolipid-dependent mechanism for behavioral extinction. Their study should be considered in the broad perspective of sphingolipid metabolic pathways and traffic (depicted in the graphic). Read the highlighted article 'A sphingolipid mechanism for behavioral extinction' on page 589.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandro Sonnino
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, The Medical School, University of Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Alessandro Prinetti
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, The Medical School, University of Milano, Milano, Italy
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Samarani M, Loberto N, Murdica V, Schiumarini D, Prioni S, Prinetti A, Sonnino S, Bassi R, Aureli M. Glycohydrolases in the central nervous system: the role of GBA2 in the neuronal differentiation. SpringerPlus 2015. [PMCID: PMC4796511 DOI: 10.1186/2193-1801-4-s1-p42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Grassi S, Prioni S, Zorina Y, Cabitta L, Sonnino S, Prinetti A. Identification of the antigen recognized by rHIgM22, a remyelination-promoting human monoclonal antibody. SpringerPlus 2015. [PMCID: PMC4797495 DOI: 10.1186/2193-1801-4-s1-p15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Grassi S, Prioni S, Cabitta L, Aureli M, Sonnino S, Prinetti A. The Role of 3-O-Sulfogalactosylceramide, Sulfatide, in the Lateral Organization of Myelin Membrane. Neurochem Res 2015; 41:130-43. [DOI: 10.1007/s11064-015-1747-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2015] [Revised: 10/22/2015] [Accepted: 10/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Abstract
The aim of radiotherapy is to eradicate cancer cells with ionizing radiation; tumor cell death following irradiation can be induced by several signaling pathways, most of which are triggered as a consequence of DNA damage, the primary and major relevant cell response to radiation. Several lines of evidence demonstrated that ceramide, a crucial sensor and/or effector of different signalling pathways promoting cell cycle arrest, death and differentiation, is directly involved in the molecular mechanisms underlying cellular response to irradiation. Most of the studies strongly support a direct relationship between ceramide accumulation and radiation-induced cell death, mainly apoptosis; for this reason, defining the contribution of the multiple metabolic pathways leading to ceramide formation and the causes of its dysregulated metabolism represent the main goal in order to elucidate the ceramide-mediated signaling in radiotherapy. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge concerning the different routes leading to ceramide accumulation in radiation-induced cell response with particular regard to the role of the enzymes involved in both ceramide neogenesis and catabolism. Emphasis is placed on sphingolipid breakdown as mechanism of ceramide generation activated following cell irradiation; the functional relevance of this pathway, and the role of glycosphingolipid glycohydrolases as direct targets of ionizing radiation are also discussed. These new findings add a further attractive point of investigation to better define the complex interplay between sphingolipid metabolism and radiation therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Aureli
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, Via Fratelli Cervi 93, 20090, Segrate, Italy
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45
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Shiozaki K, Takahashi K, Hosono M, Yamaguchi K, Hata K, Shiozaki M, Bassi R, Prinetti A, Sonnino S, Nitta K, Miyagi T. Phosphatidic acid-mediated activation and translocation to the cell surface of sialidase NEU3, promoting signaling for cell migration. FASEB J 2015; 29:2099-111. [PMID: 25678627 DOI: 10.1096/fj.14-262543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2014] [Accepted: 01/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The plasma membrane-associated sialidase NEU3 plays crucial roles in regulation of transmembrane signaling, and its aberrant up-regulation in various cancers contributes to malignancy. However, it remains uncertain how NEU3 is naturally activated and locates to plasma membranes, because of its Triton X-100 requirement for the sialidase activity in vitro and its often changing subcellular location. Among phospholipids examined, we demonstrate that phosphatidic acid (PA) elevates its sialidase activity 4 to 5 times at 50 μM in vitro at neutral pH and promotes translocation to the cell surface and cell migration through Ras-signaling in HeLa and COS-1 cells. NEU3 was found to interact selectively with PA as assessed by phospholipid array, liposome coprecipitation, and ELISA assays and to colocalize with phospholipase D (PLD) 1 in response to epidermal growth factor (EGF) or serum stimulation. Studies using tagged NEU3 fragments with point mutations identified PA- and calmodulin (CaM)-binding sites around the N terminus and confirmed its participation in translocation and catalytic activity. EGF induced PLD1 activation concomitantly with enhanced NEU3 translocation to the cell surface, as assessed by confocal microscopy. These results suggest that interactions of NEU3 with PA produced by PLD1 are important for regulation of transmembrane signaling, this aberrant acceleration probably promoting malignancy in cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiro Shiozaki
- *Faculty of Fisheries and The United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Kagoshima, Japan; Division of Cancer Glycosylation Research and Division of Cell Recognition Study, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan; Miyagi Cancer Center Research Institute, Natori, Miyagi, Japan; and Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Segrate, Milan, Italy
| | - Kohta Takahashi
- *Faculty of Fisheries and The United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Kagoshima, Japan; Division of Cancer Glycosylation Research and Division of Cell Recognition Study, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan; Miyagi Cancer Center Research Institute, Natori, Miyagi, Japan; and Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Segrate, Milan, Italy
| | - Masahiro Hosono
- *Faculty of Fisheries and The United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Kagoshima, Japan; Division of Cancer Glycosylation Research and Division of Cell Recognition Study, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan; Miyagi Cancer Center Research Institute, Natori, Miyagi, Japan; and Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Segrate, Milan, Italy
| | - Kazunori Yamaguchi
- *Faculty of Fisheries and The United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Kagoshima, Japan; Division of Cancer Glycosylation Research and Division of Cell Recognition Study, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan; Miyagi Cancer Center Research Institute, Natori, Miyagi, Japan; and Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Segrate, Milan, Italy
| | - Keiko Hata
- *Faculty of Fisheries and The United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Kagoshima, Japan; Division of Cancer Glycosylation Research and Division of Cell Recognition Study, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan; Miyagi Cancer Center Research Institute, Natori, Miyagi, Japan; and Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Segrate, Milan, Italy
| | - Momo Shiozaki
- *Faculty of Fisheries and The United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Kagoshima, Japan; Division of Cancer Glycosylation Research and Division of Cell Recognition Study, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan; Miyagi Cancer Center Research Institute, Natori, Miyagi, Japan; and Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Segrate, Milan, Italy
| | - Rosaria Bassi
- *Faculty of Fisheries and The United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Kagoshima, Japan; Division of Cancer Glycosylation Research and Division of Cell Recognition Study, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan; Miyagi Cancer Center Research Institute, Natori, Miyagi, Japan; and Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Segrate, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Prinetti
- *Faculty of Fisheries and The United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Kagoshima, Japan; Division of Cancer Glycosylation Research and Division of Cell Recognition Study, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan; Miyagi Cancer Center Research Institute, Natori, Miyagi, Japan; and Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Segrate, Milan, Italy
| | - Sandro Sonnino
- *Faculty of Fisheries and The United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Kagoshima, Japan; Division of Cancer Glycosylation Research and Division of Cell Recognition Study, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan; Miyagi Cancer Center Research Institute, Natori, Miyagi, Japan; and Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Segrate, Milan, Italy
| | - Kazuo Nitta
- *Faculty of Fisheries and The United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Kagoshima, Japan; Division of Cancer Glycosylation Research and Division of Cell Recognition Study, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan; Miyagi Cancer Center Research Institute, Natori, Miyagi, Japan; and Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Segrate, Milan, Italy
| | - Taeko Miyagi
- *Faculty of Fisheries and The United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Kagoshima, Japan; Division of Cancer Glycosylation Research and Division of Cell Recognition Study, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan; Miyagi Cancer Center Research Institute, Natori, Miyagi, Japan; and Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Segrate, Milan, Italy
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Aureli M, Grassi S, Prioni S, Sonnino S, Prinetti A. Lipid membrane domains in the brain. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2015; 1851:1006-16. [PMID: 25677824 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2015.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2014] [Revised: 01/29/2015] [Accepted: 02/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The brain is characterized by the presence of cell types with very different functional specialization, but with the common trait of a very high complexity of structures originated by their plasma membranes. Brain cells bear evident membrane polarization with the creation of different morphological and functional subcompartments, whose formation, stabilization and function require a very high level of lateral order within the membrane. In other words, the membrane specialization of brain cells implies the presence of distinct membrane domains. The brain is the organ with the highest enrichment in lipids like cholesterol, glycosphingolipids, and the most recently discovered brain membrane lipid, phosphatidylglucoside, whose collective behavior strongly favors segregation within the membrane leading to the formation of lipid-driven membrane domains. Lipid-driven membrane domains function as dynamic platforms for signal transduction, protein processing, and membrane turnover. Essential events involved in the development and in the maintenance of the functional integrity of the brain depend on the organization of lipid-driven membrane domains, and alterations in lipid homeostasis, leading to deranged lipid-driven membrane organization, are common in several major brain diseases. In this review, we summarize the forces behind the formation of lipid membrane domains and their biological roles in different brain cells. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Brain Lipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Aureli
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Grassi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Italy
| | - Simona Prioni
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Italy
| | - Sandro Sonnino
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Prinetti
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Italy.
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Chiricozzi E, Ciampa MG, Brasile G, Compostella F, Prinetti A, Nakayama H, Ekyalongo RC, Iwabuchi K, Sonnino S, Mauri L. Direct interaction, instrumental for signaling processes, between LacCer and Lyn in the lipid rafts of neutrophil-like cells. J Lipid Res 2014; 56:129-41. [PMID: 25418321 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m055319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Lactosylceramide [LacCer; β-Gal-(1-4)-β-Glc-(1-1)-Cer] has been shown to contain very long fatty acids that specifically modulate neutrophil properties. The interactions between LacCer and proteins and their role in cell signaling processes were assessed by synthesizing two molecular species of azide-photoactivable tritium-labeled LacCer having acyl chains of different lengths. The lengths of the two acyl chains corresponded to those of a short/medium and very long fatty acid, comparable to the lengths of stearic and lignoceric acids, respectively. These derivatives, designated C18-[(3)H]LacCer-(N3) and C24-[(3)H]LacCer-(N3), were incorporated into the lipid rafts of plasma membranes of neutrophilic differentiated HL-60 (D-HL-60) cells. C24-[(3)H]LacCer-(N3), but not C18-[(3)H]LacCer-(N3), induced the phosphorylation of Lyn and promoted phagocytosis. Incorporation of C24-[(3)H]LacCer-(N3) into plasma membranes, followed by illumination, resulted in the formation of several tritium-labeled LacCer-protein complexes, including the LacCer-Lyn complex, into plasma membrane lipid rafts. Administration of C18-[(3)H]LacCer-(N3) to cells, however, did not result in the formation of the LacCer-Lyn complex. These results suggest that LacCer derivatives mimic the biological properties of natural LacCer species and can be utilized as tools to study LacCer-protein interactions, and confirm a specific direct interaction between LacCer species containing very long fatty acids, and Lyn protein, associated with the cytoplasmic layer via myristic/palmitic chains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Chiricozzi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milano, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Ciampa
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milano, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Brasile
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milano, Italy
| | - Federica Compostella
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milano, Italy
| | - Alessandro Prinetti
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milano, Italy
| | - Hitoshi Nakayama
- Institute for Environmental Gender-Specific Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Roudy C Ekyalongo
- Institute for Environmental Gender-Specific Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kazuhisa Iwabuchi
- Institute for Environmental Gender-Specific Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Sandro Sonnino
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milano, Italy
| | - Laura Mauri
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milano, Italy
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Loberto N, Tebon M, Lampronti I, Marchetti N, Aureli M, Bassi R, Giri MG, Bezzerri V, Lovato V, Cantù C, Munari S, Cheng SH, Cavazzini A, Gambari R, Sonnino S, Cabrini G, Dechecchi MC. GBA2-encoded β-glucosidase activity is involved in the inflammatory response to Pseudomonas aeruginosa. PLoS One 2014; 9:e104763. [PMID: 25141135 PMCID: PMC4139313 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0104763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2014] [Accepted: 07/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Current anti-inflammatory strategies for the treatment of pulmonary disease in cystic fibrosis (CF) are limited; thus, there is continued interest in identifying additional molecular targets for therapeutic intervention. Given the emerging role of sphingolipids (SLs) in various respiratory disorders, including CF, drugs that selectively target the enzymes associated with SL metabolism are under development. Miglustat, a well-characterized iminosugar-based inhibitor of β-glucosidase 2 (GBA2), has shown promise in CF treatment because it reduces the inflammatory response to infection by P. aeruginosa and restores F508del-CFTR chloride channel activity. This study aimed to probe the molecular basis for the anti-inflammatory activity of miglustat by examining specifically the role of GBA2 following the infection of CF bronchial epithelial cells by P. aeruginosa. We also report the anti-inflammatory activity of another potent inhibitor of GBA2 activity, namely N-(5-adamantane-1-yl-methoxy)pentyl)-deoxynojirimycin (Genz-529648). In CF bronchial cells, inhibition of GBA2 by miglustat or Genz-529648 significantly reduced the induction of IL-8 mRNA levels and protein release following infection by P. aeruginosa. Hence, the present data demonstrate that the anti-inflammatory effects of miglustat and Genz-529648 are likely exerted through inhibition of GBA2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicoletta Loberto
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Maela Tebon
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology and Diagnostics, University Hospital of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Ilaria Lampronti
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Section of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Nicola Marchetti
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Massimo Aureli
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Rosaria Bassi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Giri
- Medical Physics Unit, Department of Pathology and Diagnostics, University Hospital of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Valentino Bezzerri
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology and Diagnostics, University Hospital of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Valentina Lovato
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology and Diagnostics, University Hospital of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Cinzia Cantù
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology and Diagnostics, University Hospital of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Silvia Munari
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology and Diagnostics, University Hospital of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Seng H. Cheng
- Genzyme, a Sanofi Company, Framingham, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Alberto Cavazzini
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Roberto Gambari
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Section of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Sandro Sonnino
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Giulio Cabrini
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology and Diagnostics, University Hospital of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Maria Cristina Dechecchi
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology and Diagnostics, University Hospital of Verona, Verona, Italy
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Sonnino S, Aureli M, Grassi S, Mauri L, Prioni S, Prinetti A. Lipid Rafts in Neurodegeneration and Neuroprotection. Mol Neurobiol 2013; 50:130-48. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-013-8614-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2013] [Accepted: 12/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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