1
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Corzana F, Asín A, Eguskiza A, De Tomi E, Martín-Carnicero A, Martínez-Moral MP, Mangini V, Papi F, Bretón C, Oroz P, Lagartera L, Jiménez-Moreno E, Avenoza A, Busto JH, Nativi C, Asensio JL, Hurtado-Guerrero R, Peregrina JM, Malerba G, Martínez A, Fiammengo R. Detection of Tumor-Associated Autoantibodies in the Sera of Pancreatic Cancer Patients Using Engineered MUC1 Glycopeptide Nanoparticle Probes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202407131. [PMID: 38935849 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202407131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is one of the deadliest cancers worldwide, mainly due to late diagnosis. Therefore, there is an urgent need for novel diagnostic approaches to identify the disease as early as possible. We have developed a diagnostic assay for pancreatic cancer based on the detection of naturally occurring tumor associated autoantibodies against Mucin-1 (MUC1) using engineered glycopeptides on nanoparticle probes. We used a structure-guided approach to develop unnatural glycopeptides as model antigens for tumor-associated MUC1. We designed a collection of 13 glycopeptides to bind either SM3 or 5E5, two monoclonal antibodies with distinct epitopes known to recognize tumor associated MUC1. Glycopeptide binding to SM3 or 5E5 was confirmed by surface plasmon resonance and rationalized by molecular dynamics simulations. These model antigens were conjugated to gold nanoparticles and used in a dot-blot assay to detect autoantibodies in serum samples from pancreatic cancer patients and healthy volunteers. Nanoparticle probes with glycopeptides displaying the SM3 epitope did not have diagnostic potential. Instead, nanoparticle probes displaying glycopeptides with high affinity for 5E5 could discriminate between cancer patients and healthy controls. Remarkably, the best-discriminating probes show significantly better true and false positive rates than the current clinical biomarkers CA19-9 and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA).
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Corzana
- Departamento de Química, Instituto de Investigación en Química (IQUR), Universidad de La Rioja, Logroño, 26006 Logroño, Spain
| | - Alicia Asín
- Departamento de Química, Instituto de Investigación en Química (IQUR), Universidad de La Rioja, Logroño, 26006 Logroño, Spain
| | - Ander Eguskiza
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 15, 37134, Verona, Italy
| | - Elisa De Tomi
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, GM Lab, University of Verona, 37134, Verona, Italy
| | | | - María P Martínez-Moral
- Oncology Area, Angiogenesis Group, Center for Biomedical Research of La Rioja (CIBIR), Logroño, 26006 Logroño, Spain
- Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Biggs Laboratory, Corning Tower, ESP. 12201, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Vincenzo Mangini
- Center for Biomolecular Nanotechnologies@UniLe, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), 73010, Arnesano, Lecce, Italy
| | - Francesco Papi
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy
| | - Carmen Bretón
- Departamento de Química, Instituto de Investigación en Química (IQUR), Universidad de La Rioja, Logroño, 26006 Logroño, Spain
| | - Paula Oroz
- Departamento de Química, Instituto de Investigación en Química (IQUR), Universidad de La Rioja, Logroño, 26006 Logroño, Spain
| | - Laura Lagartera
- Servicios de Interacciones Biofísicas, Instituto de Química Médica (CSIC), C/Juan de la Cierva, 3, 28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ester Jiménez-Moreno
- Departamento de Química, Instituto de Investigación en Química (IQUR), Universidad de La Rioja, Logroño, 26006 Logroño, Spain
| | - Alberto Avenoza
- Departamento de Química, Instituto de Investigación en Química (IQUR), Universidad de La Rioja, Logroño, 26006 Logroño, Spain
| | - Jesús H Busto
- Departamento de Química, Instituto de Investigación en Química (IQUR), Universidad de La Rioja, Logroño, 26006 Logroño, Spain
| | - Cristina Nativi
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy
| | - Juan L Asensio
- Departamento de Química Bio-Orgánica, Instituto de Química Orgánica General (IQOG-CSIC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ramón Hurtado-Guerrero
- Institute of Biocomputation and Physics of Complex Systems, University of Zaragoza, 50018, Zaragoza, Spain
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DK-2200, Denmark
- Fundación ARAID, 50018, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Jesús M Peregrina
- Departamento de Química, Instituto de Investigación en Química (IQUR), Universidad de La Rioja, Logroño, 26006 Logroño, Spain
| | - Giovanni Malerba
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, GM Lab, University of Verona, 37134, Verona, Italy
| | - Alfredo Martínez
- Oncology Area, Angiogenesis Group, Center for Biomedical Research of La Rioja (CIBIR), Logroño, 26006 Logroño, Spain
| | - Roberto Fiammengo
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 15, 37134, Verona, Italy
- Center for Biomolecular Nanotechnologies@UniLe, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), 73010, Arnesano, Lecce, Italy
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2
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Peng W, Giesbers KC, Šiborová M, Beugelink JW, Pronker MF, Schulte D, Hilkens J, Janssen BJ, Strijbis K, Snijder J. Reverse-engineering the anti-MUC1 antibody 139H2 by mass spectrometry-based de novo sequencing. Life Sci Alliance 2024; 7:e202302366. [PMID: 38508723 PMCID: PMC10955041 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202302366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Mucin 1 (MUC1) is a transmembrane mucin expressed at the apical surface of epithelial cells at mucosal surfaces. MUC1 has a barrier function against bacterial invasion and is well known for its aberrant expression and glycosylation in adenocarcinomas. The MUC1 extracellular domain contains a variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) of 20 amino acids, which are heavily O-linked glycosylated. Monoclonal antibodies against the MUC1 VNTR are powerful research tools with applications in the diagnosis and treatment of MUC1-expressing cancers. Here, we report direct mass spectrometry-based sequencing of anti-MUC1 hybridoma-derived 139H2 IgG, enabling reverse-engineering of the functional recombinant monoclonal antibody. The crystal structure of the 139H2 Fab fragment in complex with the MUC1 epitope was solved, revealing the molecular basis of 139H2 binding specificity to MUC1 and its tolerance to O-glycosylation of the VNTR. The available sequence of 139H2 will allow further development of MUC1-related diagnostic, targeting, and treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Peng
- https://ror.org/04pp8hn57 Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research and Utrecht Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Koen Cap Giesbers
- https://ror.org/04pp8hn57 Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Marta Šiborová
- https://ror.org/04pp8hn57 Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research and Utrecht Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - J Wouter Beugelink
- https://ror.org/04pp8hn57 Structural Biochemistry, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Matti F Pronker
- https://ror.org/04pp8hn57 Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research and Utrecht Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Douwe Schulte
- https://ror.org/04pp8hn57 Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research and Utrecht Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - John Hilkens
- Division of Molecular Genetics, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Bert Jc Janssen
- https://ror.org/04pp8hn57 Structural Biochemistry, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Karin Strijbis
- https://ror.org/04pp8hn57 Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Joost Snijder
- https://ror.org/04pp8hn57 Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research and Utrecht Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
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3
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Bermejo IA, Guerreiro A, Eguskiza A, Martínez-Sáez N, Lazaris FS, Asín A, Somovilla VJ, Compañón I, Raju TK, Tadic S, Garrido P, García-Sanmartín J, Mangini V, Grosso AS, Marcelo F, Avenoza A, Busto JH, García-Martín F, Hurtado-Guerrero R, Peregrina JM, Bernardes GJL, Martínez A, Fiammengo R, Corzana F. Structure-Guided Approach for the Development of MUC1-Glycopeptide-Based Cancer Vaccines with Predictable Responses. JACS AU 2024; 4:150-163. [PMID: 38274250 PMCID: PMC10807005 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.3c00587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Mucin-1 (MUC1) glycopeptides are exceptional candidates for potential cancer vaccines. However, their autoantigenic nature often results in a weak immune response. To overcome this drawback, we carefully engineered synthetic antigens with precise chemical modifications. To be effective and stimulate an anti-MUC1 response, artificial antigens must mimic the conformational dynamics of natural antigens in solution and have an equivalent or higher binding affinity to anti-MUC1 antibodies than their natural counterparts. As a proof of concept, we have developed a glycopeptide that contains noncanonical amino acid (2S,3R)-3-hydroxynorvaline. The unnatural antigen fulfills these two properties and effectively mimics the threonine-derived antigen. On the one hand, conformational analysis in water shows that this surrogate explores a landscape similar to that of the natural variant. On the other hand, the presence of an additional methylene group in the side chain of this analog compared to the threonine residue enhances a CH/π interaction in the antigen/antibody complex. Despite an enthalpy-entropy balance, this synthetic glycopeptide has a binding affinity slightly higher than that of its natural counterpart. When conjugated with gold nanoparticles, the vaccine candidate stimulates the formation of specific anti-MUC1 IgG antibodies in mice and shows efficacy comparable to that of the natural derivative. The antibodies also exhibit cross-reactivity to selectively target, for example, human breast cancer cells. This investigation relied on numerous analytical (e.g., NMR spectroscopy and X-ray crystallography) and biophysical techniques and molecular dynamics simulations to characterize the antigen-antibody interactions. This workflow streamlines the synthetic process, saves time, and reduces the need for extensive, animal-intensive immunization procedures. These advances underscore the promise of structure-based rational design in the advance of cancer vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris A. Bermejo
- Department
of Chemistry and Instituto de Investigación en Química
de la Universidad de La Rioja (IQUR), Universidad
de La Rioja, Logroño 26006, Spain
| | - Ana Guerreiro
- Instituto
de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa 1649-028, Portugal
| | - Ander Eguskiza
- Department
of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Verona 37134, Italy
| | - Nuria Martínez-Sáez
- Department
of Chemistry and Instituto de Investigación en Química
de la Universidad de La Rioja (IQUR), Universidad
de La Rioja, Logroño 26006, Spain
- Departamento
de Tecnología y Química Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona 31008, Spain
| | - Foivos S. Lazaris
- Department
of Chemistry and Instituto de Investigación en Química
de la Universidad de La Rioja (IQUR), Universidad
de La Rioja, Logroño 26006, Spain
| | - Alicia Asín
- Department
of Chemistry and Instituto de Investigación en Química
de la Universidad de La Rioja (IQUR), Universidad
de La Rioja, Logroño 26006, Spain
| | - Víctor J. Somovilla
- Department
of Chemistry and Instituto de Investigación en Química
de la Universidad de La Rioja (IQUR), Universidad
de La Rioja, Logroño 26006, Spain
| | - Ismael Compañón
- Department
of Chemistry and Instituto de Investigación en Química
de la Universidad de La Rioja (IQUR), Universidad
de La Rioja, Logroño 26006, Spain
| | - Tom K. Raju
- Angiogenesis
Group, Oncology Area, Center for Biomedical
Research of La Rioja (CIBIR), Logroño 26006, Spain
| | - Srdan Tadic
- Angiogenesis
Group, Oncology Area, Center for Biomedical
Research of La Rioja (CIBIR), Logroño 26006, Spain
| | - Pablo Garrido
- Angiogenesis
Group, Oncology Area, Center for Biomedical
Research of La Rioja (CIBIR), Logroño 26006, Spain
| | - Josune García-Sanmartín
- Angiogenesis
Group, Oncology Area, Center for Biomedical
Research of La Rioja (CIBIR), Logroño 26006, Spain
| | - Vincenzo Mangini
- Center
for
Biomolecular Nanotechnologies@UniLe, Istituto
Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Arnesano, Lecce 73010, Italy
| | - Ana S. Grosso
- Applied
Molecular Biosciences Unit UCIBIO, Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Caparica 2829-516, Portugal
- Associate
Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Caparica 2829-516, Portugal
| | - Filipa Marcelo
- Applied
Molecular Biosciences Unit UCIBIO, Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Caparica 2829-516, Portugal
- Associate
Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Caparica 2829-516, Portugal
| | - Alberto Avenoza
- Department
of Chemistry and Instituto de Investigación en Química
de la Universidad de La Rioja (IQUR), Universidad
de La Rioja, Logroño 26006, Spain
| | - Jesús H. Busto
- Department
of Chemistry and Instituto de Investigación en Química
de la Universidad de La Rioja (IQUR), Universidad
de La Rioja, Logroño 26006, Spain
| | - Fayna García-Martín
- Department
of Chemistry and Instituto de Investigación en Química
de la Universidad de La Rioja (IQUR), Universidad
de La Rioja, Logroño 26006, Spain
| | - Ramón Hurtado-Guerrero
- Institute
of Biocomputation and Physics of Complex Systems, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza 50018, Spain
- Copenhagen
Center for Glycomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine,
Faculty of Health Sciences, University of
Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2200, Denmark
- Fundación
ARAID, Zaragoza 50018, Spain
| | - Jesús M. Peregrina
- Department
of Chemistry and Instituto de Investigación en Química
de la Universidad de La Rioja (IQUR), Universidad
de La Rioja, Logroño 26006, Spain
| | - Gonçalo J. L. Bernardes
- Instituto
de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa 1649-028, Portugal
- Yusuf
Hamied Department of Chemistry, University
of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K.
| | - Alfredo Martínez
- Angiogenesis
Group, Oncology Area, Center for Biomedical
Research of La Rioja (CIBIR), Logroño 26006, Spain
| | - Roberto Fiammengo
- Department
of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Verona 37134, Italy
- Center
for
Biomolecular Nanotechnologies@UniLe, Istituto
Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Arnesano, Lecce 73010, Italy
| | - Francisco Corzana
- Department
of Chemistry and Instituto de Investigación en Química
de la Universidad de La Rioja (IQUR), Universidad
de La Rioja, Logroño 26006, Spain
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4
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Dolan JP, Machin DC, Dedola S, Field RA, Webb ME, Turnbull WB. Synthesis of cholera toxin B subunit glycoconjugates using site-specific orthogonal oxime and sortase ligation reactions. Front Chem 2022; 10:958272. [PMID: 36186584 PMCID: PMC9515619 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.958272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The chemoenzymatic synthesis of a series of dual N- and C-terminal-functionalized cholera toxin B subunit (CTB) glycoconjugates is described. Mucin 1 peptides bearing different levels of Tn antigen glycosylation [MUC1(Tn)] were prepared via solid-phase peptide synthesis. Using sortase-mediated ligation, the MUC1(Tn) epitopes were conjugated to the C-terminus of CTB in a well-defined manner allowing for high-density display of the MUC1(Tn) epitopes. This work explores the challenges of using sortase-mediated ligation in combination with glycopeptides and the practical considerations to obtain high levels of conjugation. Furthermore, we describe methods to combine two orthogonal labeling methodologies, oxime- and sortase-mediated ligation, to expand the biochemical toolkit and produce dual N- and C-terminal-labeled conjugates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan P. Dolan
- School of Chemistry and Astbury Centre of Structural Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Darren C. Machin
- School of Chemistry and Astbury Centre of Structural Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | | | - Robert A. Field
- Iceni Glycoscience Ltd., Norwich, United Kingdom
- Department of Chemistry and Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Michael E. Webb
- School of Chemistry and Astbury Centre of Structural Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - W. Bruce Turnbull
- School of Chemistry and Astbury Centre of Structural Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
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5
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Asín A, García-Martín F, Busto JH, Avenoza A, Peregrina JM, Corzana F. Structure-based Design of Anti-cancer Vaccines: The Significance of Antigen Presentation to Boost the Immune Response. Curr Med Chem 2021; 29:1258-1270. [PMID: 34375180 DOI: 10.2174/0929867328666210810152917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Immunotherapy, alone or in combination with other therapies, is widely used against cancer. Glycoprotein Mucin 1 (MUC1), which is overexpressed and aberrantly glycosylated in tumor cells, is one of the most promising candidates to engineer new cancer vaccines. In this context, the development of stable antigens that can elicit a robust immune response is mandatory. Here, we describe the design and in vivo biological evaluation of three vaccine candidates based on MUC1 glycopeptides that comprise unnatural elements in their structure. By placing the Tn antigen (GalNAcα-O-Ser/Thr) at the center of the design, the chemical modifications include changes to the peptide backbone, glycosidic linkage, and at the carbohydrate level. Significantly, the three vaccines elicit robust immune responses in mice and produce antibodies that can be recognized by several human cancer cells. In all cases, a link was stablished between the conformational changes induced by the new elements in the antigen presentation and the immune response induced in mice. According to our data, the development of effective MUC1-based vaccines should use surrogates that mimic the conformational space of aberrantly glycosylated MUC1 glycopeptides found in tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia Asín
- Departamento de Química. Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química. Universidad de La Rioja. 26006 Logroño, Spain
| | - Fayna García-Martín
- Departamento de Química. Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química. Universidad de La Rioja. 26006 Logroño, Spain
| | - Jesús Hector Busto
- Departamento de Química. Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química. Universidad de La Rioja. 26006 Logroño, Spain
| | - Alberto Avenoza
- Departamento de Química. Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química. Universidad de La Rioja. 26006 Logroño, Spain
| | - Jesús Manuel Peregrina
- Departamento de Química. Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química. Universidad de La Rioja. 26006 Logroño, Spain
| | - Francisco Corzana
- Departamento de Química. Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química. Universidad de La Rioja. 26006 Logroño, Spain
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6
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Wakui H, Tanaka Y, Ose T, Matsumoto I, Kato K, Min Y, Tachibana T, Sato M, Naruchi K, Martin FG, Hinou H, Nishimura SI. A straightforward approach to antibodies recognising cancer specific glycopeptidic neoepitopes. Chem Sci 2020; 11:4999-5006. [PMID: 34122956 PMCID: PMC8159228 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc00317d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrantly truncated immature O-glycosylation in proteins occurs in essentially all types of epithelial cancer cells, which was demonstrated to be a common feature of most adenocarcinomas and strongly associated with cancer proliferation and metastasis. Although extensive efforts have been made toward the development of anticancer antibodies targeting MUC1, one of the most studied mucins having cancer-relevant immature O-glycans, no anti-MUC1 antibody recognises carbohydrates and the proximal MUC1 peptide region, concurrently. Here we present a general strategy that allows for the creation of antibodies interacting specifically with glycopeptidic neoepitopes by using homogeneous synthetic MUC1 glycopeptides designed for the streamlined process of immunization, antibody screening, three-dimensional structure analysis, epitope mapping and biochemical analysis. The X-ray crystal structure of the anti-MUC1 monoclonal antibody SN-101 complexed with the antigenic glycopeptide provides for the first time evidence that SN-101 recognises specifically the essential epitope by forming multiple hydrogen bonds both with the proximal peptide and GalNAc linked to the threonine residue, concurrently. Remarkably, the structure of the MUC1 glycopeptide in complex with SN-101 is identical to its solution NMR structure, an extended conformation induced by site-specific glycosylation. We demonstrate that this method accelerates dramatically the development of a new class of designated antibodies targeting a variety of "dynamic neoepitopes" elaborated by disease-specific O-glycosylation in the immunodominant mucin domains and mucin-like sequences found in intrinsically disordered regions of many proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajime Wakui
- Field of Drug Discovery Research, Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Graduate School of Life Science, Hokkaido University N21 W11, Kita-ku Sapporo 001-0021 Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Tanaka
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku Sendai 980-8577 Japan
| | - Toyoyuki Ose
- Field of X-ray Structural Biology, Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Graduate School of Life Science, Hokkaido University N10 W8, Kita-ku Sapporo 060-0810 Japan
| | - Isamu Matsumoto
- Field of X-ray Structural Biology, Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Graduate School of Life Science, Hokkaido University N10 W8, Kita-ku Sapporo 060-0810 Japan
| | - Koji Kato
- Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University 3-1-1, Tsushima-naka, Kita-ku Okayama 700-8530 Japan
| | - Yao Min
- Field of X-ray Structural Biology, Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Graduate School of Life Science, Hokkaido University N10 W8, Kita-ku Sapporo 060-0810 Japan
| | - Taro Tachibana
- Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka City University Sumiyoshi-ku Osaka 558-8585 Japan
| | - Masaharu Sato
- Medicinal Chemistry Pharmaceuticals, Co., Ltd. N9 W15, Chuo-ku Sapporo 060-0009 Japan
| | - Kentaro Naruchi
- Medicinal Chemistry Pharmaceuticals, Co., Ltd. N9 W15, Chuo-ku Sapporo 060-0009 Japan
| | - Fayna Garcia Martin
- Field of Drug Discovery Research, Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Graduate School of Life Science, Hokkaido University N21 W11, Kita-ku Sapporo 001-0021 Japan
| | - Hiroshi Hinou
- Field of Drug Discovery Research, Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Graduate School of Life Science, Hokkaido University N21 W11, Kita-ku Sapporo 001-0021 Japan
| | - Shin-Ichiro Nishimura
- Field of Drug Discovery Research, Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Graduate School of Life Science, Hokkaido University N21 W11, Kita-ku Sapporo 001-0021 Japan
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7
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Bermejo IA, Navo CD, Castro-López J, Guerreiro A, Jiménez-Moreno E, Sánchez Fernández EM, García-Martín F, Hinou H, Nishimura SI, García Fernández JM, Mellet CO, Avenoza A, Busto JH, Bernardes GJL, Hurtado-Guerrero R, Peregrina JM, Corzana F. Synthesis, conformational analysis and in vivo assays of an anti-cancer vaccine that features an unnatural antigen based on an sp 2-iminosugar fragment. Chem Sci 2020; 11:3996-4006. [PMID: 34122869 PMCID: PMC8152572 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc06334j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The Tn antigen (GalNAc-α-1-O-Thr/Ser) is a well-known tumor-associated carbohydrate determinant. The use of glycopeptides that incorporate this structure has become a significant and promising niche of research owing to their potential use as anticancer vaccines. Herein, the conformational preferences of a glycopeptide with an unnatural Tn antigen, characterized by a threonine decorated with an sp2-iminosugar-type α-GalNAc mimic, have been studied both in solution, by combining NMR spectroscopy and molecular dynamics simulations, and in the solid state bound to an anti-mucin-1 (MUC1) antibody, by X-ray crystallography. The Tn surrogate can mimic the main conformer sampled by the natural antigen in solution and exhibits high affinity towards anti-MUC1 antibodies. Encouraged by these data, a cancer vaccine candidate based on this unnatural glycopeptide and conjugated to the carrier protein Keyhole Limpet Hemocyanin (KLH) has been prepared and tested in mice. Significantly, the experiments in vivo have proved that this vaccine elicits higher levels of specific anti-MUC1 IgG antibodies than the analog that bears the natural Tn antigen and that the elicited antibodies recognize human breast cancer cells with high selectivity. Altogether, we compile evidence to confirm that the presentation of the antigen, both in solution and in the bound state, plays a critical role in the efficacy of the designed cancer vaccines. Moreover, the outcomes derived from this vaccine prove that there is room for exploring further adjustments at the carbohydrate level that could contribute to designing more efficient cancer vaccines. An anti-cancer vaccine based on an unnatural antigen with an sp2-iminosugar fragment.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris A Bermejo
- Departamento de Química, Universidad de La Rioja, Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química E-26006 Logroño Spain
| | - Claudio D Navo
- Departamento de Química, Universidad de La Rioja, Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química E-26006 Logroño Spain .,CIC BioGUNE, Bizkaia Technology Park Building 800 48170 Derio Spain
| | - Jorge Castro-López
- Institute of Biocomputation and Physics of Complex Systems (BIFI), University of Zaragoza Zaragoza Spain
| | - Ana Guerreiro
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa Avenida Professor Egas Moniz 1649-028 Lisboa Portugal
| | - Ester Jiménez-Moreno
- Departamento de Química, Universidad de La Rioja, Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química E-26006 Logroño Spain
| | | | - Fayna García-Martín
- Graduate School and Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Biology, Hokkaido University N21 W11 Sapporo 001-0021 Japan
| | - Hiroshi Hinou
- Graduate School and Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Biology, Hokkaido University N21 W11 Sapporo 001-0021 Japan
| | - Shin-Ichiro Nishimura
- Graduate School and Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Biology, Hokkaido University N21 W11 Sapporo 001-0021 Japan
| | - José M García Fernández
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ), CSIC-Universidad de Sevilla E-41092 Sevilla Spain
| | - Carmen Ortiz Mellet
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Sevilla E-41012 Sevilla Spain
| | - Alberto Avenoza
- Departamento de Química, Universidad de La Rioja, Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química E-26006 Logroño Spain
| | - Jesús H Busto
- Departamento de Química, Universidad de La Rioja, Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química E-26006 Logroño Spain
| | - Gonçalo J L Bernardes
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa Avenida Professor Egas Moniz 1649-028 Lisboa Portugal.,Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge Lensfield Road CB2 1EW Cambridge UK
| | - Ramón Hurtado-Guerrero
- Institute of Biocomputation and Physics of Complex Systems (BIFI), University of Zaragoza Zaragoza Spain.,Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark.,Fundación ARAID Zaragoza Spain
| | - Jesús M Peregrina
- Departamento de Química, Universidad de La Rioja, Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química E-26006 Logroño Spain
| | - Francisco Corzana
- Departamento de Química, Universidad de La Rioja, Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química E-26006 Logroño Spain
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8
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Luna A, Rabassa ME, Isla Larrain M, Cabaleiro P, Zwenger A, Canzoneri R, Segal-Eiras A, Abba MC, Croce MV. Breast cancer cutaneous metastases are associated to uMUC1 and sialyl Lewis x and to highly malignant primary tumors. Pathol Res Pract 2020; 216:152859. [PMID: 32081510 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2020.152859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer spreading to different organs have been related to different molecules and mechanisms, but cutaneous metastasis remains unexplored. Increasing evidence showed that MUC1 and some of its carbohydrate associated antigens may be implicated in breast cancer metastasis. In this study we analyzed these tumor markers in order to identify breast cancer cutaneous metastatic profiles. A cohort of 26 primary tumors from breast cancer patients with cutaneous metastases were included; also, cutaneous and lymphatic node metastatic samples and primary tumors from breast cancer patients without metastases were analysed. Immunohistochemical (IHC) studies demonstrated that both underglycosylated MUC1 (uMUC1) and sialyl Lewis x (sLex) to be positively associated with cutaneous metastatic primary tumors (p < 0.05). Notably, a high percentage of tumors with cutaneous metastases were characterized as triple negative and Her2+ tumors (37.5 % and 29 %, respectively). Some discordant results were found between primary tumors and their matched cutaneous metastases. To determine if MUC1 variants may be carriers of carbohydrate antigens, subcellular fractions from a cutaneous metastatic lesion were obtained, immunoprecipitated and analyzed by Western blot. We found that the isolated uMUC1 with a molecular weight of>200 kDa was also the site for binding of anti-sLex MAb; in coincidence, a high correlation of positive IHC expression of both markers was observed. Our findings confirm that breast cancer cutaneous metastases were associated to highly malignant primary tumors and sustain the hypothesis that u-MUC1 and sLe x may drive breast cancer cutaneous metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Luna
- Centro de Investigaciones Inmunológicas Básicas y Aplicadas (CINIBA), Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - M E Rabassa
- Centro de Investigaciones Inmunológicas Básicas y Aplicadas (CINIBA), Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - M Isla Larrain
- Centro de Investigaciones Inmunológicas Básicas y Aplicadas (CINIBA), Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - P Cabaleiro
- Laboratorio de Patología, Citopatología e Inmunohistoquímica, Neuquén, Argentina
| | - A Zwenger
- GOCS Neuquén Hospital, Neuquén, Argentina
| | - R Canzoneri
- Centro de Investigaciones Inmunológicas Básicas y Aplicadas (CINIBA), Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - A Segal-Eiras
- Centro de Investigaciones Inmunológicas Básicas y Aplicadas (CINIBA), Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - M C Abba
- Centro de Investigaciones Inmunológicas Básicas y Aplicadas (CINIBA), Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - M V Croce
- Centro de Investigaciones Inmunológicas Básicas y Aplicadas (CINIBA), Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina.
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9
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Steentoft C, Migliorini D, King TR, Mandel U, June CH, Posey AD. Glycan-directed CAR-T cells. Glycobiology 2018; 28:656-669. [PMID: 29370379 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwy008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 01/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy is rapidly advancing in the treatment of a variety of hematopoietic cancers, including pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia and diffuse large B cell lymphoma, with chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cells. CARs are genetically encoded artificial T cell receptors that combine the antigen specificity of an antibody with the machinery of T cell activation. However, implementation of CAR technology in the treatment of solid tumors has been progressing much slower. Solid tumors are characterized by a number of challenges that need to be overcome, including cellular heterogeneity, immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME), and, in particular, few known cancer-specific targets. Post-translational modifications that differentially occur in malignant cells generate valid cell surface, cancer-specific targets for CAR-T cells. We previously demonstrated that CAR-T cells targeting an aberrant O-glycosylation of MUC1, a common cancer marker associated with changes in cell adhesion, tumor growth and poor prognosis, could control malignant growth in mouse models. Here, we discuss the field of glycan-directed CAR-T cells and review the different classes of antibodies specific for glycan-targeting, including the generation of high affinity O-glycopeptide antibodies. Finally, we discuss historic and recently investigated glycan targets for CAR-T cells and provide our perspective on how targeting the tumor glycoproteome and/or glycome will improve CAR-T immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catharina Steentoft
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Departments of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Odontology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Denis Migliorini
- Center of Cellular Immunotherapies, Abramson Cancer Center and the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Tiffany R King
- Center of Cellular Immunotherapies, Abramson Cancer Center and the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ulla Mandel
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Departments of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Odontology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Carl H June
- Center of Cellular Immunotherapies, Abramson Cancer Center and the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Avery D Posey
- Center of Cellular Immunotherapies, Abramson Cancer Center and the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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10
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Bermejo IA, Usabiaga I, Compañón I, Castro-López J, Insausti A, Fernández JA, Avenoza A, Busto JH, Jiménez-Barbero J, Asensio JL, Peregrina JM, Jiménez-Osés G, Hurtado-Guerrero R, Cocinero EJ, Corzana F. Water Sculpts the Distinctive Shapes and Dynamics of the Tumor-Associated Carbohydrate Tn Antigens: Implications for Their Molecular Recognition. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:9952-9960. [PMID: 30004703 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b04801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The tumor-associated carbohydrate Tn antigens include two variants, αGalNAc- O-Thr and αGalNAc- O-Ser. In solution, they exhibit dissimilar shapes and dynamics and bind differently to the same protein receptor. Here, we demonstrate experimentally and theoretically that their conformational preferences in the gas phase are highly similar, revealing the essential role of water. We propose that water molecules prompt the rotation around the glycosidic linkage in the threonine derivative, shielding its hydrophobic methyl group and allowing an optimal solvation of the polar region of the antigen. The unusual arrangement of αGalNAc- O-Thr features a water molecule bound into a "pocket" between the sugar and the threonine. This mechanism is supported by trapping, for the first time, such localized water in the crystal structures of an antibody bound to two glycopeptides that comprise fluorinated Tn antigens in their structure. According to several reported X-ray structures, installing oxygenated amino acids in specific regions of the receptor capable of displacing the bridging water molecule to the bulk-solvent may facilitate the molecular recognition of the Tn antigen with threonine. Overall, our data also explain how water fine-tunes the 3D structure features of similar molecules, which in turn are behind their distinct biological activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris A Bermejo
- Departamento de Química, Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química , Universidad de La Rioja , 26006 Logroño , Spain
| | - Imanol Usabiaga
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencia y Tecnología , Universidad del País Vasco (UPV-EHU), 48080 Bilbao , Spain
| | - Ismael Compañón
- Departamento de Química, Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química , Universidad de La Rioja , 26006 Logroño , Spain
| | - Jorge Castro-López
- Institute of Biocomputation and Physics of Complex Systems (BIFI), University of Zaragoza , BIFI-IQFR (CSIC), 50018 Zaragoza , Spain
| | - Aran Insausti
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencia y Tecnología , Universidad del País Vasco (UPV-EHU), 48080 Bilbao , Spain.,Biofisika Institute (CSIC, UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940 Leioa , Spain
| | - José A Fernández
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencia y Tecnología , Universidad del País Vasco (UPV-EHU), 48080 Bilbao , Spain
| | - Alberto Avenoza
- Departamento de Química, Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química , Universidad de La Rioja , 26006 Logroño , Spain
| | - Jesús H Busto
- Departamento de Química, Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química , Universidad de La Rioja , 26006 Logroño , Spain
| | - Jesús Jiménez-Barbero
- CIC bioGUNE , Bizkaia Technology Park, Building 801A , 48170 Derio , Spain.,Ikerbasque , Basque Foundation for Science , Maria Diaz de Haro 13 , 48009 Bilbao , Spain.,Department of Organic Chemistry II, Faculty of Science & Technology , University of the Basque Country , 48940 Leioa , Spain
| | - Juan L Asensio
- Instituto de Química Orgánica General , IQOG-CSIC. 28006 Madrid , Spain
| | - Jesús M Peregrina
- Departamento de Química, Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química , Universidad de La Rioja , 26006 Logroño , Spain
| | - Gonzalo Jiménez-Osés
- Departamento de Química, Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química , Universidad de La Rioja , 26006 Logroño , Spain
| | - Ramón Hurtado-Guerrero
- Institute of Biocomputation and Physics of Complex Systems (BIFI), University of Zaragoza , BIFI-IQFR (CSIC), 50018 Zaragoza , Spain.,Fundación ARAID , 50018 Zaragoza , Spain
| | - Emilio J Cocinero
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencia y Tecnología , Universidad del País Vasco (UPV-EHU), 48080 Bilbao , Spain.,Biofisika Institute (CSIC, UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940 Leioa , Spain
| | - Francisco Corzana
- Departamento de Química, Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química , Universidad de La Rioja , 26006 Logroño , Spain
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11
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Zhou D, Xu L, Huang W, Tonn T. Epitopes of MUC1 Tandem Repeats in Cancer as Revealed by Antibody Crystallography: Toward Glycopeptide Signature-Guided Therapy. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23061326. [PMID: 29857542 PMCID: PMC6099590 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23061326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Revised: 05/20/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Abnormally O-glycosylated MUC1 tandem repeat glycopeptide epitopes expressed by multiple types of cancer have long been attractive targets for therapy in the race against genetic mutations of tumor cells. Glycopeptide signature-guided therapy might be a more promising avenue than mutation signature-guided therapy. Three O-glycosylated peptide motifs, PDTR, GSTA, and GVTS, exist in a tandem repeat HGVTSAPDTRPAPGSTAPPA, containing five O-glycosylation sites. The exact peptide and sugar residues involved in antibody binding are poorly defined. Co-crystal structures of glycopeptides and respective monoclonal antibodies are very few. Here we review 3 groups of monoclonal antibodies: antibodies which only bind to peptide portion, antibodies which only bind to sugar portion, and antibodies which bind to both peptide and sugar portions. The antigenicity of peptide and sugar portions of glyco-MUC1 tandem repeat were analyzed according to available biochemical and structural data, especially the GSTA and GVTS motifs independent from the most studied PDTR. Tn is focused as a peptide-modifying residue in vaccine design, to induce glycopeptide-binding antibodies with cross reactivity to Tn-related tumor glycans, but not glycans of healthy cells. The unique requirement for the designs of antibody in antibody-drug conjugate, bi-specific antibodies, and chimeric antigen receptors are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dapeng Zhou
- Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital Affiliated with Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China.
| | - Lan Xu
- Laboratory of Antibody Structure, Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Wei Huang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences and iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Torsten Tonn
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine Dresden, German Red Cross Blood Donation Service North-East, D-01307 Dresden, Germany.
- Medical Faculty, Carl Gustav Carus Technical University Dresden, D-01307 Dresden, Germany.
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12
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Movahedin M, Brooks TM, Supekar NT, Gokanapudi N, Boons GJ, Brooks CL. Glycosylation of MUC1 influences the binding of a therapeutic antibody by altering the conformational equilibrium of the antigen. Glycobiology 2018; 27:677-687. [PMID: 28025250 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cww131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2016] [Accepted: 12/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In cancer cells, the glycoprotein Mucin 1 (MUC1) undergoes abnormal, truncated glycosylation. The truncated glycosylation exposes cryptic peptide epitopes that can be recognized by antibodies. Since these immunogenic regions are cancer specific, they represent ideal targets for therapeutic antibodies. We investigated the role of tumor-specific glycosylation on antigen recognition by the therapeutic antibody AR20.5. We explored the affinity of AR20.5 to a synthetic cancer-specific MUC1 glycopeptide and peptide. The antibody bound to the glycopeptide with an order of magnitude stronger affinity than the naked peptide. Given these results, we postulated that AR20.5 must specifically bind the carbohydrate as well as the peptide. Using X-ray crystallography, we examined this hypothesis by determining the structure of AR20.5 in complex with both peptide and glycopeptide. Surprisingly, the structure revealed that the carbohydrate did not form any specific polar contacts with the antibody. The high affinity of AR20.5 for the glycopeptide and the lack of specific binding contacts support a hypothesis that glycosylation of MUC1 stabilizes an extended bioactive conformation of the peptide recognized by the antibody. Since high affinity binding of AR20.5 to the MUC1 glycopeptide may not driven by specific antibody-antigen contacts, but rather evidence suggests that glycosylation alters the conformational equilibrium of the antigen, which allows the antibody to select the correct conformation. This study suggests a novel mechanism of antibody-antigen interaction and also suggests that glycosylation of MUC1 is important for the generation of high affinity therapeutic antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammadreza Movahedin
- Department of Chemistry, California State University Fresno, 2555 E San Ramon Ave, Fresno, CA 93740, USA
| | - Teresa M Brooks
- Department of Chemistry, California State University Fresno, 2555 E San Ramon Ave, Fresno, CA 93740, USA
| | - Nitin T Supekar
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, 315 Riverbend Road, Athens, GA 30602, USA.,Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, 140 Cedar street, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Naveen Gokanapudi
- Department of Chemistry, California State University Fresno, 2555 E San Ramon Ave, Fresno, CA 93740, USA
| | - Geert-Jan Boons
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, 315 Riverbend Road, Athens, GA 30602, USA.,Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, 140 Cedar street, Athens, GA 30602, USA.,Department of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, and Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Cory L Brooks
- Department of Chemistry, California State University Fresno, 2555 E San Ramon Ave, Fresno, CA 93740, USA
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13
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Martínez-Sáez N, Peregrina JM, Corzana F. Principles of mucin structure: implications for the rational design of cancer vaccines derived from MUC1-glycopeptides. Chem Soc Rev 2018; 46:7154-7175. [PMID: 29022615 DOI: 10.1039/c6cs00858e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is currently one of the world's most serious public health problems. Significant efforts are being made to develop new strategies that can eradicate tumours selectively without detrimental effects to healthy cells. One promising approach is focused on the design of vaccines that contain partially glycosylated mucins in their formulation. Although some of these vaccines are in clinical trials, a lack of knowledge about the molecular basis that governs the antigen presentation, and the interactions between antigens and the elicited antibodies has limited their success thus far. This review focuses on the most significant milestones achieved to date in the conformational analysis of tumour-associated MUC1 derivatives both in solution and bound to antibodies. The effect that the carbohydrate scaffold has on the peptide backbone structure and the role of the sugar in molecular recognition by antibodies are emphasised. The outcomes summarised in this review may be a useful guide to develop new antigens for the design of cancer vaccines in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuria Martínez-Sáez
- Departamento de Química, Universidad de La Rioja, Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química, 26006 Logroño, Spain.
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14
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von Mensdorff-Pouilly S, Snijdewint FG, Verstraeten AA, Verheijen RH, Kenemans P. Human MUC1 Mucin: A Multifaceted Glycoprotein. Int J Biol Markers 2018; 15:343-56. [PMID: 11192832 DOI: 10.1177/172460080001500413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Human MUC1 mucin, a membrane-bound glycoprotein, is a major component of the ductal cell surface of normal glandular cells. MUC1 is overexpressed and aberrantly glycosylated in carcinoma cells. The role MUC1 plays in cancer progression represents two sides of one coin: on the one hand, loss of polarity and overexpression of MUC1 in cancer cells interferes with cell adhesion and shields the tumor cell from immune recognition by the cellular arm of the immune system, thus favoring metastases; on the other hand, MUC1, in essence a self-antigen, is displaced and altered in malignancy and induces immune responses. Tumor-associated MUC1 has short carbohydrate sidechains and exposed epitopes on its peptide core; it gains access to the circulation and comes into contact with the immune system provoking humoral and cellular immune responses. Natural antibodies to MUC1 present in the circulation of cancer patients may be beneficial to the patient by restricting tumor growth and dissemination: early stage breast cancer patients with a humoral response to MUC1 have a better disease-specific survival. Several MUC1 peptide vaccines, differing in vectors, carrier proteins and adjuvants, have been tested in phase I clinical trials. They are capable of inducing predominantly humoral responses to the antigen, but evidence that these immune responses may be effective against the tumor in humans is still scarce.
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Affiliation(s)
- S von Mensdorff-Pouilly
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Academic Hospital Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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15
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Somovilla VJ, Bermejo IA, Albuquerque IS, Martínez-Sáez N, Castro-López J, García-Martín F, Compañón I, Hinou H, Nishimura SI, Jiménez-Barbero J, Asensio JL, Avenoza A, Busto JH, Hurtado-Guerrero R, Peregrina JM, Bernardes GJL, Corzana F. The Use of Fluoroproline in MUC1 Antigen Enables Efficient Detection of Antibodies in Patients with Prostate Cancer. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:18255-18261. [PMID: 29166012 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b09447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
A structure-based design of a new generation of tumor-associated glycopeptides with improved affinity against two anti-MUC1 antibodies is described. These unique antigens feature a fluorinated proline residue, such as a (4S)-4-fluoro-l-proline or 4,4-difluoro-l-proline, at the most immunogenic domain. Binding assays using biolayer interferometry reveal 3-fold to 10-fold affinity improvement with respect to the natural (glyco)peptides. According to X-ray crystallography and MD simulations, the fluorinated residues stabilize the antigen-antibody complex by enhancing key CH/π interactions. Interestingly, a notable improvement in detection of cancer-associated anti-MUC1 antibodies from serum of patients with prostate cancer is achieved with the non-natural antigens, which proves that these derivatives can be considered better diagnostic tools than the natural antigen for prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Víctor J Somovilla
- Departamento de Química, Universidad de La Rioja, Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química , 26006 Logroño, Spain.,Department of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Utrecht University , Universiteitsweg 99, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Iris A Bermejo
- Departamento de Química, Universidad de La Rioja, Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química , 26006 Logroño, Spain
| | - Inês S Albuquerque
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina da, Universidade de Lisboa , Avenida Professor Egas Moniz, 1649-028, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Nuria Martínez-Sáez
- Departamento de Química, Universidad de La Rioja, Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química , 26006 Logroño, Spain.,Department of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Utrecht University , Universiteitsweg 99, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jorge Castro-López
- Institute of Biocomputation and Physics of Complex Systems (BIFI), University of Zaragoza, BIFI-IQFR (CSIC) , Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Fayna García-Martín
- Graduate School and Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Field of Drug Discovery Research, Hokkaido University , N21 W11, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
| | - Ismael Compañón
- Departamento de Química, Universidad de La Rioja, Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química , 26006 Logroño, Spain
| | - Hiroshi Hinou
- Graduate School and Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Field of Drug Discovery Research, Hokkaido University , N21 W11, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichiro Nishimura
- Graduate School and Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Field of Drug Discovery Research, Hokkaido University , N21 W11, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
| | - Jesús Jiménez-Barbero
- (i) CIC bioGUNE, Bizkaia Technology Park, Building 801A, 48170 Derio, Spain; (ii) Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Maria Diaz de Haro 13, 48009 Bilbao, Spain; (iii) Department of Organic Chemistry II, Faculty of Science & Technology, University of the Basque Country , 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Juan L Asensio
- Instituto de Química Orgánica General, IQOG-CSIC , 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Avenoza
- Departamento de Química, Universidad de La Rioja, Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química , 26006 Logroño, Spain
| | - Jesús H Busto
- Departamento de Química, Universidad de La Rioja, Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química , 26006 Logroño, Spain
| | - Ramón Hurtado-Guerrero
- Institute of Biocomputation and Physics of Complex Systems (BIFI), University of Zaragoza, BIFI-IQFR (CSIC) , Zaragoza, Spain.,Fundación ARAID , 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Jesús M Peregrina
- Departamento de Química, Universidad de La Rioja, Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química , 26006 Logroño, Spain
| | - Gonçalo J L Bernardes
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina da, Universidade de Lisboa , Avenida Professor Egas Moniz, 1649-028, Lisboa, Portugal.,Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge , Lensfield Road, CB2 1EW Cambridge, U.K
| | - Francisco Corzana
- Departamento de Química, Universidad de La Rioja, Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química , 26006 Logroño, Spain
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16
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Abstract
AbstractCancer immunotherapy based on tumor vaccine is very promising and intriguing for carcinoma treatment. Herein, antitumor nanovaccines consisting of self-assembled chitosan (CS) nanoparticles and two-component mucin1 (MUC1) glycopeptide antigens were reported. Two different kinds of polyanionic electrolyte [sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP) and γ-poly-L-glutamic acid (γ-PGA)] were combined with chitosan polymers to fabricate the diameter of nearly 400–500 nm CS nanoparticles by electrostatic interactions. The nanovaccines were constructed by physically mixing MUC1 glycopeptide antigens with CS nanoparticles, which reduced vaccine constructing complexity compared with traditional chemical total synthetic vaccines. Immunological studies revealed that the CS/γ-PGA nanoparticle could dramatically enhance the immunogenicity of peptide epitope and produce significantly high titers of IgG antibody which was even better than Freund’s adjuvant-containing vaccines.
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17
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Leiria Campo V, Riul TB, Oliveira Bortot L, Martins-Teixeira MB, Fiori Marchiori M, Iaccarino E, Ruvo M, Dias-Baruffi M, Carvalho I. A Synthetic MUC1 Glycopeptide Bearing βGalNAc-Thr as a Tn Antigen Isomer Induces the Production of Antibodies against Tumor Cells. Chembiochem 2017; 18:527-538. [PMID: 28068458 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201600473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Revised: 01/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
This study presents the synthesis of the novel protected O-glycosylated amino acid derivatives 1 and 2, containing βGalNAc-SerOBn and βGalNAc-ThrOBn units, respectively, as mimetics of the natural Tn antigen (αGalNAc-Ser/Thr), along with the solid-phase assembly of the glycopeptides NHAcSer-Ala-Pro-Asp-Thr[αGalNAc]-Arg-Pro-Ala-Pro-Gly-BSA (3-BSA) and NHAcSer-Ala-Pro-Asp-Thr[βGalNAc]-Arg-Pro-Ala-Pro-Gly-BSA (4-BSA), bearing αGalNAc-Thr or βGalNAc-Thr units, respectively, as mimetics of MUC1 tumor mucin glycoproteins. According to ELISA tests, immunizations of mice with βGalNAc-glycopeptide 4-BSA induced higher sera titers (1:320 000) than immunizations with αGalNAc-glycopeptide 3-BSA (1:40 000). Likewise, flow cytometry assays showed higher capacity of the obtained anti-glycopeptide 4-BSA antibodies to recognize MCF-7 tumor cells. Cross-recognition between immunopurified anti-βGalNAc antibodies and αGalNAc-glycopeptide and vice versa was also verified. Lastly, molecular dynamics simulations and surface plasmon resonance (SPR) showed that βGalNAc-glycopeptide 4 can interact with a model antitumor monoclonal antibody (SM3). Taken together, these data highlight the improved immunogenicity of the unnatural glycopeptide 4-BSA, bearing βGalNAc-Thr as Tn antigen isomer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Leiria Campo
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Café S/N, CEP, 14040-903, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thalita B Riul
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Café S/N, CEP, 14040-903, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Leandro Oliveira Bortot
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Café S/N, CEP, 14040-903, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maristela B Martins-Teixeira
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Café S/N, CEP, 14040-903, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Fiori Marchiori
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Café S/N, CEP, 14040-903, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Emanuela Iaccarino
- Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini, CNR, via Mezzocannone 16, 80134, Napoli, Italy.,Second University of Naples, via Vivaldi 43, 81100, Caserta, Italy
| | - Menotti Ruvo
- Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini, CNR, via Mezzocannone 16, 80134, Napoli, Italy
| | - Marcelo Dias-Baruffi
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Café S/N, CEP, 14040-903, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ivone Carvalho
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Café S/N, CEP, 14040-903, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
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18
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Nawaz MAH, Rauf S, Catanante G, Nawaz MH, Nunes G, Marty JL, Hayat A. One Step Assembly of Thin Films of Carbon Nanotubes on Screen Printed Interface for Electrochemical Aptasensing of Breast Cancer Biomarker. SENSORS 2016; 16:s16101651. [PMID: 27782067 PMCID: PMC5087439 DOI: 10.3390/s16101651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2016] [Accepted: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Thin films of organic moiety functionalized carbon nanotubes (CNTs) from a very well-dispersed aqueous solution were designed on a screen printed transducer surface through a single step directed assembly methodology. Very high density of CNTs was obtained on the screen printed electrode surface, with the formation of a thin and uniform layer on transducer substrate. Functionalized CNTs were characterized by X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area analyzer methodologies, while CNT coated screen printed transducer platform was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The proposed methodology makes use of a minimum amount of CNTs and toxic solvents, and is successfully demonstrated to form thin films over macroscopic areas of screen printed carbon transducer surface. The CNT coated screen printed transducer surface was integrated in the fabrication of electrochemical aptasensors for breast cancer biomarker analysis. This CNT coated platform can be applied to immobilize enzymes, antibodies and DNA in the construction of biosensor for a broad spectrum of applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Azhar Hayat Nawaz
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre in Biomedical Materials (IRCBM), COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Lahore 54000, Pakistan.
| | - Sajid Rauf
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre in Biomedical Materials (IRCBM), COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Lahore 54000, Pakistan.
| | - Gaelle Catanante
- BAE: Biocapteurs-Analyses-Environnement, Universite de Perpignan Via Domitia, 52 Avenue Paul Alduy, Perpignan Cedex 66860, France.
| | - Mian Hasnain Nawaz
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre in Biomedical Materials (IRCBM), COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Lahore 54000, Pakistan.
| | - Gilvanda Nunes
- Technological Chemistry Department, Federal University of Maranhão, CCET/UFMA, Av. Portugueses, Cidade Universitária do Canga, São Luis 65080-040, MA, Brazil.
| | - Jean Louis Marty
- BAE: Biocapteurs-Analyses-Environnement, Universite de Perpignan Via Domitia, 52 Avenue Paul Alduy, Perpignan Cedex 66860, France.
| | - Akhtar Hayat
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre in Biomedical Materials (IRCBM), COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Lahore 54000, Pakistan.
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19
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Martínez-Sáez N, Supekar NT, Wolfert MA, Bermejo IA, Hurtado-Guerrero R, Asensio JL, Jiménez-Barbero J, Busto JH, Avenoza A, Boons GJ, Peregrina JM, Corzana F. Mucin architecture behind the immune response: design, evaluation and conformational analysis of an antitumor vaccine derived from an unnatural MUC1 fragment. Chem Sci 2016; 7:2294-2301. [PMID: 29910919 PMCID: PMC5977504 DOI: 10.1039/c5sc04039f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2015] [Accepted: 12/06/2015] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
A tripartite cancer vaccine candidate, containing a quaternary amino acid (α-methylserine) in the most immunogenic domain of MUC1, has been synthesized and examined for antigenic properties in transgenic mice. The vaccine which is glycosylated with GalNAc at the unnatural amino acid, was capable of eliciting potent antibody responses recognizing both glycosylated and unglycosylated tumour-associated MUC1 peptides and native MUC1 antigen present on cancer cells. The peptide backbone of the novel vaccine presents the bioactive conformation in solution and is more resistant to enzymatic degradation than the natural counter part. In spite of these features, the immune response elicited by the unnatural vaccine was not improved compared to a vaccine candidate containing natural threonine. These observations were rationalized by conformational studies, indicating that the presentation and dynamics of the sugar moiety displayed by the MUC1 derivative play a critical role in immune recognition. It is clear that engineered MUC1-based vaccines bearing unnatural amino acids have to be able to emulate the conformational properties of the glycosidic linkage between the GalNAc and the threonine residues. The results described here will be helpful to the rational design of efficacious cancer vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuria Martínez-Sáez
- Departamento de Química , Universidad de La Rioja , Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química , Madre de Dios 53 , 26006 Logroño , Spain . ;
| | - Nitin T Supekar
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center , University of Georgia , 315 Riverbend Road , Athens , Georgia 30602 , USA .
| | - Margreet A Wolfert
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center , University of Georgia , 315 Riverbend Road , Athens , Georgia 30602 , USA .
| | - Iris A Bermejo
- Departamento de Química , Universidad de La Rioja , Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química , Madre de Dios 53 , 26006 Logroño , Spain . ;
| | - Ramón Hurtado-Guerrero
- BIFI , University of Zaragoza , BIFI-IQFR (CSIC) Joint Unit , Mariano Esquillor s/n , Campus Rio Ebro , Edificio I+D , Zaragoza , Spain
- Fundación ARAID , 50018 , Zaragoza , Spain
| | - Juan L Asensio
- Instituto de Química Orgánica General , IQOG-CSIC , Juan de la Cierva 3 , 28006 Madrid , Spain
| | - Jesús Jiménez-Barbero
- Structural Biology Unit , CIC bioGUNE , Parque Tecnológico de Bizkaia Building 801A , 48160 Derio , Spain
- IKERBASQUE , Basque Foundation for Science , 48011 Bilbao , Spain
- Department of Chemical and Physical Biology , Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas , CSIC , Ramiro de Maeztu 9 , 28040 Madrid , Spain
| | - Jesús H Busto
- Departamento de Química , Universidad de La Rioja , Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química , Madre de Dios 53 , 26006 Logroño , Spain . ;
| | - Alberto Avenoza
- Departamento de Química , Universidad de La Rioja , Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química , Madre de Dios 53 , 26006 Logroño , Spain . ;
| | - Geert-Jan Boons
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center , University of Georgia , 315 Riverbend Road , Athens , Georgia 30602 , USA .
| | - Jesús M Peregrina
- Departamento de Química , Universidad de La Rioja , Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química , Madre de Dios 53 , 26006 Logroño , Spain . ;
| | - Francisco Corzana
- Departamento de Química , Universidad de La Rioja , Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química , Madre de Dios 53 , 26006 Logroño , Spain . ;
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20
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Rangappa S, Artigas G, Miyoshi R, Yokoi Y, Hayakawa S, Garcia-Martin F, Hinou H, Nishimura SI. Effects of the multiple O-glycosylation states on antibody recognition of the immunodominant motif in MUC1 extracellular tandem repeats. MEDCHEMCOMM 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6md00100a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The conformational impact of the clusteredO-glycans strongly influences recognition by antibodies of the cancer-relevant epitope in the MUC1 extracellular tandem repeat domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shobith Rangappa
- Field of Drug Discovery Research
- Faculty of Advanced Life Science
- Hokkaido University
- Sapporo 001-0021
- Japan
| | - Gerard Artigas
- Field of Drug Discovery Research
- Faculty of Advanced Life Science
- Hokkaido University
- Sapporo 001-0021
- Japan
| | - Risho Miyoshi
- Medicinal Chemistry Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd
- Sapporo 001-0021
- Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Yokoi
- Field of Drug Discovery Research
- Faculty of Advanced Life Science
- Hokkaido University
- Sapporo 001-0021
- Japan
| | - Shun Hayakawa
- Field of Drug Discovery Research
- Faculty of Advanced Life Science
- Hokkaido University
- Sapporo 001-0021
- Japan
| | - Fayna Garcia-Martin
- Field of Drug Discovery Research
- Faculty of Advanced Life Science
- Hokkaido University
- Sapporo 001-0021
- Japan
| | - Hiroshi Hinou
- Field of Drug Discovery Research
- Faculty of Advanced Life Science
- Hokkaido University
- Sapporo 001-0021
- Japan
| | - Shin-Ichiro Nishimura
- Field of Drug Discovery Research
- Faculty of Advanced Life Science
- Hokkaido University
- Sapporo 001-0021
- Japan
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21
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Qu J, Yu H, Li F, Zhang C, Trad A, Brooks C, Zhang B, Gong T, Guo Z, Li Y, Ragupathi G, Lou Y, Hwu P, Huang W, Zhou D. Molecular basis of antibody binding to mucin glycopeptides in lung cancer. Int J Oncol 2015; 48:587-94. [PMID: 26692014 PMCID: PMC4725460 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2015.3302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2015] [Accepted: 11/12/2015] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Glycopeptides bearing Tn epitopes are emerging targets for cancer diagnosis and immunotherapy. In this study, we analyzed membrane proteins containing O-glycosylated tandem repeat (TR) sequences in lung cancer patients of different types and stages, using gene microarray data in public domain. The expression of Tn and glycopeptide epitopes on the surface of lung cancer cell lines were studied by monoclonal IgG antibodies 14A, 16A, and B72.3. The binding of mAbs to synthetic glycopeptides were studied by surface plasmon resonance. Nine mucin mRNAs were found to be expressed in lung cancer patients but at similar level to healthy individuals. At protein level, a glycopeptide epitope on cancer cell surface is preferably recognized by mAb 16A, as compared to peptide-alone (14A) or sugar-alone epitopes (B72.3). 14A and 16A favor clustered TR containing more than three TR sequences, with 10-fold lower Kd than two consecutive TR. B72.3 preferrably recognized clustered sialyl-Tn displayed on MUC1 but not other O-glycoproteins, with 100-fold stronger binding when MUC1 is transfected as a sugar carrier, while the total sugar epitopes remain unchanged. These findings indicate that clusters of both TR backbones and sugars are essential for mAb binding to mucin glycopeptides. Three rules of antibody binding to mucin glycopeptides at molecular level are presented here: first, the peptide backbone of a glycopeptide is preferentially recognized by B cells through mutations in complementarity determining regions (CDRs) of B cell receptor, and the sugar-binding specificity is acquired through mutations in frame work of heavy chain; secondly, consecutive tandem repeats (TR) of peptides and glycopeptides are preferentially recognized by B cells, which favor clustered TR containing more than three TR sequences; thirdly, certain sugar-specific B cells recognize and accommodate clustered Tn and sialyl-Tn displayed on the surface of a mucin but not other membrane proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Qu
- Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital Affiliated with Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China
| | - Hongtao Yu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and iHuman Institute, Shanghai Tech University, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Fenge Li
- Tianjin Cancer Hospital, Tianjin 300060, P.R. China
| | - Chunlei Zhang
- Shenzhen Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518033, P.R. China
| | - Ahmad Trad
- Biochemical Institute, Medical Faculty, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Cory Brooks
- Department of Chemistry, California State University, Fresno, CA 93740, USA
| | - Bin Zhang
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Ting Gong
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA
| | - Zhi Guo
- Tianjin Cancer Hospital, Tianjin 300060, P.R. China
| | - Yunsen Li
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Tumor Immunology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P.R. China
| | | | - Yanyan Lou
- Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - Patrick Hwu
- Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Wei Huang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and iHuman Institute, Shanghai Tech University, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Dapeng Zhou
- Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital Affiliated with Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China
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22
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Martínez-Sáez N, Castro-López J, Valero-González J, Madariaga D, Compañón I, Somovilla VJ, Salvadó M, Asensio JL, Jiménez-Barbero J, Avenoza A, Busto JH, Bernardes GJL, Peregrina JM, Hurtado-Guerrero R, Corzana F. Deciphering the Non-Equivalence of Serine and Threonine O-Glycosylation Points: Implications for Molecular Recognition of the Tn Antigen by an anti-MUC1 Antibody. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:9830-4. [PMID: 26118689 PMCID: PMC4552995 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201502813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2015] [Revised: 05/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The structural features of MUC1-like glycopeptides bearing the Tn antigen (α-O-GalNAc-Ser/Thr) in complex with an anti MUC-1 antibody are reported at atomic resolution. For the α-O-GalNAc-Ser derivative, the glycosidic linkage adopts a high-energy conformation, barely populated in the free state. This unusual structure (also observed in an α-S-GalNAc-Cys mimic) is stabilized by hydrogen bonds between the peptidic fragment and the sugar. The selection of a particular peptide structure by the antibody is thus propagated to the carbohydrate through carbohydrate/peptide contacts, which force a change in the orientation of the sugar moiety. This seems to be unfeasible in the α-O-GalNAc-Thr glycopeptide owing to the more limited flexibility of the side chain imposed by the methyl group. Our data demonstrate the non-equivalence of Ser and Thr O-glycosylation points in molecular recognition processes. These features provide insight into the occurrence in nature of the APDTRP epitope for anti-MUC1 antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuria Martínez-Sáez
- Departamento de Química, Universidad de La Rioja, Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química, 26006 Logroño (Spain).,Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW (UK)
| | - Jorge Castro-López
- Institute of Biocomputation and Physics of Complex Systems (BIFI), University of Zaragoza, BIFI-IQFR (CSIC) Joint Unit, Edificio I+D, 50018 Zaragoza (Spain).,Fundación ARAID, Edificio Pignatelli 36, Zaragoza (Spain)
| | - Jessika Valero-González
- Institute of Biocomputation and Physics of Complex Systems (BIFI), University of Zaragoza, BIFI-IQFR (CSIC) Joint Unit, Edificio I+D, 50018 Zaragoza (Spain).,Fundación ARAID, Edificio Pignatelli 36, Zaragoza (Spain)
| | - David Madariaga
- Departamento de Química, Universidad de La Rioja, Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química, 26006 Logroño (Spain)
| | - Ismael Compañón
- Departamento de Química, Universidad de La Rioja, Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química, 26006 Logroño (Spain)
| | - Víctor J Somovilla
- Departamento de Química, Universidad de La Rioja, Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química, 26006 Logroño (Spain).,Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW (UK)
| | - Míriam Salvadó
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW (UK).,Departament de Química Analítica i Química Orgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/Marcellí Domingo s/n, 43007 Tarragona (Spain)
| | - Juan L Asensio
- Instituto de Química Orgánica General, IQOG-CSIC, Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid (Spain)
| | - Jesús Jiménez-Barbero
- Structural Biology Unit, CIC bioGUNE, Parque Tecnológico de Bizkaia Building 801 A, 48160 Derio (Spain).,IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48011 Bilbao (Spain).,Department of Chemical and Physical Biology, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, CSIC, Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040 Madrid (Spain)
| | - Alberto Avenoza
- Departamento de Química, Universidad de La Rioja, Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química, 26006 Logroño (Spain)
| | - Jesús H Busto
- Departamento de Química, Universidad de La Rioja, Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química, 26006 Logroño (Spain)
| | - Gonçalo J L Bernardes
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW (UK).,Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisboa (Portugal)
| | - Jesús M Peregrina
- Departamento de Química, Universidad de La Rioja, Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química, 26006 Logroño (Spain).
| | - Ramón Hurtado-Guerrero
- Institute of Biocomputation and Physics of Complex Systems (BIFI), University of Zaragoza, BIFI-IQFR (CSIC) Joint Unit, Edificio I+D, 50018 Zaragoza (Spain). .,Fundación ARAID, Edificio Pignatelli 36, Zaragoza (Spain).
| | - Francisco Corzana
- Departamento de Química, Universidad de La Rioja, Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química, 26006 Logroño (Spain).
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23
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Martínez-Sáez N, Castro-López J, Valero-González J, Madariaga D, Compañón I, Somovilla VJ, Salvadó M, Asensio JL, Jiménez-Barbero J, Avenoza A, Busto JH, Bernardes GJL, Peregrina JM, Hurtado-Guerrero R, Corzana F. Deciphering the Non-Equivalence of Serine and ThreonineO-Glycosylation Points: Implications for Molecular Recognition of the Tn Antigen by an anti-MUC1 Antibody. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201502813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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24
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Rhinehardt KL, Srinivas G, Mohan RV. Molecular Dynamics Simulation Analysis of Anti-MUC1 Aptamer and Mucin 1 Peptide Binding. J Phys Chem B 2015; 119:6571-83. [PMID: 25963836 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.5b02483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Aptasensors utilize aptamers as bioreceptors. Aptamers are highly efficient, have a high specificity and are reusable. Within the biosensor the aptamers are immobilized to maximize their access to target molecules. Knowledge of the orientation and location of the aptamer and peptide during binding could be gained through computational modeling. Experimentally, the aptamer (anti-MUC1 S2.2) has been identified as a bioreceptor for breast cancer biomarker mucin 1 (MUC1) protein. However, within this protein lie several peptide variants with the common sequence APDTRPAP that are targeted by the aptamer. Understanding orientation and location of the binding region for a peptide-aptamer complex is critical in their biosensor applicability. In this study, we investigate through computational modeling how this peptide sequence and its minor variants affect the peptide-aptamer complex binding. We use molecular dynamics simulations to study multiple peptide-aptamer systems consisting of MUC1 (APDTRPAP) and MUC1-G (APDTRPAPG) peptides with the anti-MUC1 aptamer under similar physiological conditions reported experimentally. Multiple simulations of the MUC1 peptide and aptamer reveal that the peptide interacts between 3' and 5' ends of the aptamer but does not fully bind. Multiple simulations of the MUC1-G peptide indicate consistent binding with the thymine loop of the aptamer, initiated by the arginine residue of the peptide. We find that the binding event induces structural changes in the aptamer by altering the number of hydrogen bonds within the aptamer and establishes a stable peptide-aptamer complex. In all MUC1-G cases the occurrence of binding was confirmed by systematically studying the distance distributions between peptide and aptamers. These results are found to corroborate well with experimental study reported in the literature that indicated a strong binding in the case of MUC1-G peptide and anti-MUC1 aptamer. Present MD simulations highlight the role of the arginine residue of MUC1-G peptide in initiating the binding. The addition of the glycine residue to the peptide, as in the case of MUC1-G, is shown to yield a stable binding. Our study clearly demonstrates the ability of MD simulations to obtain molecular insights for peptide-aptamer binding, and to provide details on the orientation and location of binding between the peptide-aptamer that can be instrumental in biosensor development.
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25
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Marcelo F, Garcia-Martin F, Matsushita T, Sardinha J, Coelho H, Oude-Vrielink A, Koller C, André S, Cabrita EJ, Gabius HJ, Nishimura SI, Jiménez-Barbero J, Cañada FJ. Delineating Binding Modes of Gal/GalNAc and Structural Elements of the Molecular Recognition of Tumor-Associated Mucin Glycopeptides by the Human Macrophage Galactose-Type Lectin. Chemistry 2014; 20:16147-55. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201404566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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26
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Targeting Underglycosylated MUC1 for the Selective Capture of Highly Metastatic Breast Cancer Cells Under Flow. Cell Mol Bioeng 2013; 6:148-159. [PMID: 23805168 PMCID: PMC3689911 DOI: 10.1007/s12195-013-0282-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2013] [Accepted: 05/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The underglycosylated form of the MUC1 glycoprotein, uMUC1, has been identified as a ligand for both E-selectin and ICAM-1 and can play multiple potential roles during rolling and firm adhesion events in the metastatic cascade. Using flow cytometry and confocal microscopy, the T47D and ZR-75-1 cell lines were verified to highly express uMUC1, however it was found that only ZR-75-1 cells expressed the E-selectin binding moiety sialyl Lewis x (sLex). Furthermore, perfusing T47D cells through E-selectin coated microtubes resulted in fast rolling velocities and low numbers of interacting cells and blocking uMUC1 with the SM3 antibody had no effect. ZR-75-1 cells, on the other hand, were highly dependent on the E-selectin:uMUC1 interaction as exemplified by significant increases in cell rolling velocities and decreases in the number of interacting cells when blocking with SM3 or when uMUC1 expression was knocked down via siRNA transfection. Whereas uMUC1 interactions with E-selectin supported cell rolling, P-selectin: uMUC1 interactions exclusively facilitated cell tethering, while L-selectin surfaces supported no cell adhesive interactions. These experimental observations are consistent with molecular dynamics simulations of uMUC1 bound to E-, P-, and L-selectin where the degree of residue contact correlated with the differential adhesion of uMUC1 to each selectin. Finally, an E-selectin and SM3 combined surface coating captured approximately 30% of the total number of interacting cancer cells comparable to the number of adhered cells when utilizing E-selectin and ICAM-1 combined surfaces. The E-selectin/SM3 surface strategy offers a viable method to selectively capture cancer cells from whole blood samples.
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Gaidzik N, Westerlind U, Kunz H. The development of synthetic antitumour vaccines from mucin glycopeptide antigens. Chem Soc Rev 2013; 42:4421-42. [PMID: 23440054 DOI: 10.1039/c3cs35470a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 344] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Based on important cell-biological and biochemical results concerning the structural difference between membrane glycoproteins of normal epithelial cells and epithelial tumour cells, tumour-associated glycopeptide antigens have been chemically synthesised and structurally confirmed. Glycopeptide structures of the tandem repeat sequence of mucin MUC1 of epithelial tumour cells constitute the most promising tumour-associated antigens. In order to generate a sufficient immunogenicity of these endogenous structures, usually tolerated by the immune system, these synthetic glycopeptide antigens were conjugated to immune stimulating components: in fully synthetic two-component vaccines either with T-cell peptide epitopes or with Toll-like receptor2 lipopeptide ligands or in three-component vaccines with both these stimulants. Alternatively, the synthetic glycopeptide antigens were coupled to immune stimulating carrier proteins. In particular, MUC1 glycopeptide conjugates with Tetanus toxoid proved to be efficient vaccines inducing very strong immune responses in mice. The antibodies elicited with the fully synthetic vaccines showed selective recognition of the tumour-associated glycopeptides as was shown by neutralisation and micro-array binding experiments. After booster immunisations, most of the immune responses showed the installation of an immunological memory. Immunisation with fully synthetic three-component vaccines induced immune reactions with therapeutic effects in terms of reduction of the tumour burden in mice or in killing of tumour cells in culture, while MUC1 glycopeptide-Tetanus toxoid vaccines elicited antibodies in mice which recognised tumour cells in human tumour tissues. The results achieved so far are considered to be promising for the development of an active immunisation against tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikola Gaidzik
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Institut für Organische Chemiem, Duesbergweg 10-14, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
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Crystal structure of two anti-porphyrin antibodies with peroxidase activity. PLoS One 2012; 7:e51128. [PMID: 23240001 PMCID: PMC3519839 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0051128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2012] [Accepted: 10/30/2012] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
We report the crystal structures at 2.05 and 2.45 Å resolution of two antibodies, 13G10 and 14H7, directed against an iron(III)-αααβ-carboxyphenylporphyrin, which display some peroxidase activity. Although these two antibodies differ by only one amino acid in their variable λ-light chain and display 86% sequence identity in their variable heavy chain, their complementary determining regions (CDR) CDRH1 and CDRH3 adopt very different conformations. The presence of Met or Leu residues at positions preceding residue H101 in CDRH3 in 13G10 and 14H7, respectively, yields to shallow combining sites pockets with different shapes that are mainly hydrophobic. The hapten and other carboxyphenyl-derivatized iron(III)-porphyrins have been modeled in the active sites of both antibodies using protein ligand docking with the program GOLD. The hapten is maintained in the antibody pockets of 13G10 and 14H7 by a strong network of hydrogen bonds with two or three carboxylates of the carboxyphenyl substituents of the porphyrin, respectively, as well as numerous stacking and van der Waals interactions with the very hydrophobic CDRH3. However, no amino acid residue was found to chelate the iron. Modeling also allows us to rationalize the recognition of alternative porphyrinic cofactors by the 13G10 and 14H7 antibodies and the effect of imidazole binding on the peroxidase activity of the 13G10/porphyrin complexes.
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Geng Y, Yeh K, Takatani T, King MR. Three to Tango: MUC1 as a Ligand for Both E-Selectin and ICAM-1 in the Breast Cancer Metastatic Cascade. Front Oncol 2012; 2:76. [PMID: 22866263 PMCID: PMC3406322 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2012.00076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2012] [Accepted: 07/03/2012] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer cell tethering and rolling on the vascular wall is facilitated by various selectin: glycoprotein interactions which lead to eventual extravasation and metastases. The aberrantly underglycosylated mucin MUC1 has been shown to both abundantly express selectin binding moieties (sialyl Lewis x and a) and to consistently expose its core epitope. Flow cytometry was used to determine MUC1 expression on ZR-75-1 and MCF7 cells, while immunofluorescence microscopy was used to confirm the aberrant form of MUC1 and MUC1:ICAM-1 interactions. Each cell line was then perfused through combined E-selectin and ICAM-1 coated microtubes, as a model of the microvascular endothelium. ZR-75-1 and MCF7 were found to express abundant and low levels of underglycosylated MUC1, respectively. The rolling/adhesion profiles showed that ZR-75-1 cells, when compared to MCF7 cells, interact with E-selectin more efficiently resulting in sufficiently slow rolling velocities to form MUC1:ICAM-1 interactions thereby facilitating firm adhesion. The purpose and novelty of this work is the demonstration of the synergistic adhesion capabilities of MUC1 in the metastatic adhesion cascade, where the observed differential adhesion is consistent with the relative metastatic potential of the ZR-75-1 (highly metastatic) and MCF7 (weakly metastatic) cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Geng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University Ithaca, NY, USA
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Blixt O, Lavrova OI, Mazurov DV, Cló E, Kracun SK, Bovin NV, Filatov AV. Analysis of Tn antigenicity with a panel of new IgM and IgG1 monoclonal antibodies raised against leukemic cells. Glycobiology 2011; 22:529-42. [PMID: 22143985 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwr178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
CD175 or Tn antigen is a carbohydrate moiety of N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc)α1-O- linked to the residue of amino acid serine or threonine in a polypeptide chain. Despite the chemical simplicity of the Tn antigen, its antigenic structure is considered to be complex and the clear determinants of Tn antigenicity remain poorly understood. As a consequence, a broad variety of anti-Tn monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have been generated. To further investigate the nature and complexity of the Tn antigen, we generated seven different anti-Tn mAbs of IgM and IgG classes raised against human Jurkat T cells, which are Tn-positive due to the low activity of T-synthase and mutation in specific chaperone Cosmc. The binding analysis of anti-Tn mAbs with the array of synthetic saccharides, glycopeptides and O-glycoproteins revealed unexpected differences in specificities of anti-Tn mAbs. IgM mAbs bound the terminal GalNAc residue of the Tn antigen irrespective of the peptide context or with low selectivity to the glycoproteins. In contrast, IgG mAbs recognized the Tn antigen in the context of a specific peptide motif. Particularly, JA3 mAb reacted to the GSPP or GSPAPP, and JA5 mAb recognized specifically the GSP motif (glycosylation sites are underlined). The major O-glycan carrier proteins CD43 and CD162 and isoforms of CD45 expressed on Jurkat cells were precipitated by anti-Tn mAbs with different affinities. In summary, our data suggest that Tn antigen-Ab binding capacity is determined by the peptide context of the Tn antigen, antigenic specificity of the Ab and class of the immunoglobulin. The newly generated anti-Tn IgG mAbs with the strong specificity to glycoprotein CD43 can be particularly interesting for the application in leukemia diagnostics and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ola Blixt
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, dept. 24.6.48, DK-2200 N Copenhagen, Denmark
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Geng Y, Marshall JR, King MR. Glycomechanics of the metastatic cascade: tumor cell-endothelial cell interactions in the circulation. Ann Biomed Eng 2011; 40:790-805. [PMID: 22101756 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-011-0463-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2011] [Accepted: 11/02/2011] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Hydrodynamic shear force plays an important role in the leukocyte adhesion cascade that involves the tethering and rolling of cells along the endothelial layer, their firm adhesion or arrest, and their extravasation or escape from the circulatory system by inducing passive deformation, or cell flattening, and microvilli stretching, as well as regulating the expression, distribution, and conformation of adhesion molecules on leukocytes and the endothelial layer. Similarly, the dissemination of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) from the primary tumor sites is believed to involve tethering, rolling, and firm adhesion steps before their eventual extravasation which leads to secondary tumor sites (metastasis). Of particular importance to both the leukocyte adhesion cascade and the extravasation of CTCs, glycoproteins are involved in all three steps (capture, rolling, and firm adhesion) and consist of a variety of important selectin ligands. This review article provides an overview of glycoprotein glycosylation associated with the abnormal glycan expression on cancer cell surfaces, where well-established and novel selectin ligands that are cancer related are discussed. An overview of computational approaches on the effects of fluid mechanical force on glycoprotein mediated cancer cell rolling and adhesion is presented with a highlight of recent flow-based and selectin-mediated cell capturing/enriching devices. Finally, as an important branch of the glycoprotein family, mucins, specifically MUC1, are discussed in the context of their aberrant expression on cancer cells and their role as cancer cell adhesion molecules. Since metastasis relies heavily on glycoprotein interactions in the bloodstream where the fluid shear stress highly regulates cell adhesion forces, it is important to study and understand the glycomechanics of all relevant glycoproteins (well-established and novel) as they relate to the metastatic cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Geng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
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32
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Agostino M, Sandrin MS, Thompson PE, Ramsland PA, Yuriev E. Peptide inhibitors of xenoreactive antibodies mimic the interaction profile of the native carbohydrate antigens. Biopolymers 2011; 96:193-206. [PMID: 20564023 DOI: 10.1002/bip.21427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Carbohydrate-antibody interactions mediate many cellular processes and immune responses. Carbohydrates expressed on the surface of cells serve as recognition elements for particular cell types, for example, in the ABO(H) blood group system. Antibodies that recognize host-incompatible ABO(H) system antigens exist in the bloodstream of all individuals (except AB individuals), preventing blood transfusion and organ transplantation between incompatible donors and recipients. A similar barrier exists for cross-species transplantation (xenotransplantation), in particular for pig-to-human transplantation. All humans express antibodies against the major carbohydrate xenoantigen, Galalpha (1,3)Gal (alphaGal), preventing successful xenotransplantation. Although antibody binding sites are precisely organized so as to selectively bind a specific antigen, many antibodies recognize molecules other than their native antigen. A range of peptides have been identified that can mimic carbohydrates and inhibit anti-alphaGal antibodies. However, the structural basis of how the peptides achieved this was not known. Previously, we developed an in silico method which we used to investigate carbohydrate recognition by a panel of anti-alphaGal antibodies. The method involves molecular docking of carbohydrates to antibodies and uses the docked carbohydrate poses to generate maps of th antibody binding sites in terms of prevalent hydrogen bonding and van der Waals interactions. We have applied this method to investigate peptide recognition by the anti-alphaGal antibodies. It was found that the site maps of the peptides and the carbohydrates were similar, indicating that the peptides interact with the same residues as those involved in carbohydrate recognition. This study demonstrates the potential for "design by mapping" of anti-carbohydrate antibody inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Agostino
- Medicinal Chemistry and Drug Action, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
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Cai H, Huang ZH, Shi L, Zou P, Zhao YF, Kunz H, Li YM. Synthesis of Tn/T Antigen MUC1 Glycopeptide BSA Conjugates and Their Evaluation as Vaccines. European J Org Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201100304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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34
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Humanization and characterization of an anti-human TNF-α murine monoclonal antibody. PLoS One 2011; 6:e16373. [PMID: 21305012 PMCID: PMC3031550 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0016373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2010] [Accepted: 12/20/2010] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A murine monoclonal antibody, m357, showing the highly neutralizing activities for human tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) was chosen to be humanized by a variable domain resurfacing approach. The non-conserved surface residues in the framework regions of both the heavy and light chain variable regions were identified via a molecular modeling of m357 built by computer-assisted homology modeling. By replacing these critical surface residues with the human counterparts, a humanized version, h357, was generated. The humanized h357 IgG(1) was then stably expressed in a mammalian cell line and the purified antibody maintained the high antigen binding affinity as compared with the parental m357 based on a soluble TNF-α neutralization bioassay. Furthermore, h357 IgG(1) possesses the ability to mediate antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity and complement dependent cytotoxicity upon binding to cells bearing the transmembrane form of TNF-α. In a mouse model of collagen antibody-induced arthritis, h357 IgG significantly inhibited disease progression by intra-peritoneal injection of 50 µg/mouse once-daily for 9 consecutive days. These results provided a basis for the development of h357 IgG as therapeutic use.
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Corzana F, Busto JH, Marcelo F, García de Luis M, Asensio JL, Martín-Santamaría S, Sáenz Y, Torres C, Jiménez-Barbero J, Avenoza A, Peregrina JM. Rational design of a Tn antigen mimic. Chem Commun (Camb) 2011; 47:5319-21. [DOI: 10.1039/c1cc10192g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Korb O, Möller HM, Exner TE. NMR-guided molecular docking of a protein-peptide complex based on ant colony optimization. ChemMedChem 2010; 5:1001-6. [PMID: 20486157 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201000090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Standard docking approaches used for the prediction of protein-ligand complexes in the drug development process have problems identifying the correct binding mode of large flexible ligands. Herein we show how additional experimental data from NMR experiments can be used to predict the binding mode of a mucin 1 (MUC-1) pentapeptide recognized by the breast-cancer-selective monoclonal antibody SM3. Distance constraints derived from trNOE and saturation transfer difference NMR experiments are combined with the docking approach PLANTS. The resulting complex structures show excellent agreement with the NMR data and with a published X-ray crystal structure. The method was then further tested on two complexes in order to demonstrate its more general applicability: T-antigen disaccharide bound to Maclura pomifera agglutinin, and the inhibitor SBi279 bound to S100B protein. Our new approach has the advantages of being fully automatic, rapid, and unbiased; moreover, it is based on relatively easily obtainable experimental data and can greatly increase the reliability of the generated structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Korb
- Department of Chemistry and Zukunftskolleg, University of Konstanz, 78457 Konstanz (Germany), Fax: (+49) 7531-88-3587
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Antibody recognition of a unique tumor-specific glycopeptide antigen. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2010; 107:10056-61. [PMID: 20479270 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0915176107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Aberrant glycosylation and the overexpression of certain carbohydrate moieties is a consistent feature of cancers, and tumor-associated oligosaccharides are actively investigated as targets for immunotherapy. One of the most common aberrations in glycosylation patterns is the presentation of a single O-linked N-acetylgalactosamine on a threonine or serine residue known as the "Tn antigen." Whereas the ubiquitous nature of Tn antigens on cancers has made them a natural focus of vaccine research, such carbohydrate moieties are not always tumor-specific and have been observed on embryonic and nonmalignant adult tissue. Here we report the structural basis of binding of a complex of a monoclonal antibody (237mAb) with a truly tumor-specific glycopeptide containing the Tn antigen. In contrast to glycopeptide-specific antibodies in complex with simple peptides, 237mAb does not recognize a conformational epitope induced in the peptide by sugar substitution. Instead, 237mAb uses a pocket coded by germ-line genes to completely envelope the carbohydrate moiety itself while interacting with the peptide moiety in a shallow groove. Thus, 237mAb achieves its striking tumor specificity, with no observed physiological cross-reactivity to the unglycosylated peptide or the free glycan, by a combination of multiple weak but specific interactions to both the peptide and to the glycan portions of the antigen.
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Murase T, Zheng RB, Joe M, Bai Y, Marcus SL, Lowary TL, Ng KK. Structural Insights into Antibody Recognition of Mycobacterial Polysaccharides. J Mol Biol 2009; 392:381-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2009.06.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2009] [Revised: 06/26/2009] [Accepted: 06/29/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Baldus SE, Engelmann K, Hanisch FG. MUC1 and the MUCs: A Family of Human Mucins with Impact in Cancer Biology. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci 2008; 41:189-231. [PMID: 15270554 DOI: 10.1080/10408360490452040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Mucins represent a family of glycoproteins characterized by repeat domains and a dense O-glycosylation. During the last two decades, the gene and peptide structures of various mucins as well as their glycosylation states were partly elucidated. Characteristic tumor-associated alterations of the expression patterns and glycosylation profiles were observed in biochemical, immunochemical, and histological studies and are discussed in the light of efforts to use the most prominent member in this family, MUC1, as a tumor target in anti-tumor strategies. Within this context the present review, focusing on MUC1, describes recent work on the regulation of mucin biosynthesis by cytokines and hormones, the role of mucins in cell adhesion, and their interaction with the immune system. Important aspects of clinical diagnostics based on mucin antigens are discussed, including the application of tumor serum assays and the significance of numerous studies revealing correlations between the expression of peptide cores or mucin-associated carbohydrates and clinicopathological parameters like tumor progression and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan E Baldus
- Institute of Pathology and Center of Biochemistry, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
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40
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Paul S, Geist M, Dott K, Snary D, Taylor-Papadimitriou J, Acres B, Silvestre N, Kieny MP, Balloul JM. Specific tumor cell targeting by a recombinant MVA expressing a functional single chain antibody on the surface of intracellular mature virus (IMV) particles. Viral Immunol 2008; 20:664-71. [PMID: 18158739 DOI: 10.1089/vim.2007.0058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Recombinant vaccinia virus with tumor cell specificity may provide a versatile tool either for direct lysis of cancer cells or for the targeted transfer of genes encoding immunomodulatory or toxic molecules. We report the expression of a tumor-specific single-chain antibody on the surface of intracellular mature vaccinia virus particles (IMV). The wild-type p14 externally membrane-associated protein p14 (A27L gene), which is not required for viral binding and replication, was replaced by p14 fusion molecules carrying a single-chain antibody directed against the tumor-associated antigen MUC-1. MUC-1 mucin is an epithelial cell antigen whose aberrant expression plays a role in autoimmunity and tumor immunity in the majority of human carcinomas and multiple myeloma. Fusion protein carrying the single-chain antibody at the NH2-terminal position was expressed and exposed at the envelope of the corresponding recombinant virus. The construct containing the antibody was able to bind a MUC-1 specific 60mer peptide. Moreover, targeted virus infects MUC-1-expressing cells in vitro more efficiently.
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Johnson MA, Pinto BM. Structural and functional studies of Peptide-carbohydrate mimicry. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2008; 273:55-116. [PMID: 23605459 DOI: 10.1007/128_2007_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Certain peptides act as molecular mimics of carbohydrates in that they are specifically recognizedby carbohydrate-binding proteins. Peptides that bind to anti-carbohydrate antibodies, carbohydrate-processingenzymes, and lectins have been identified. These peptides are potentially useful as vaccines andtherapeutics; for example, immunologically functional peptide molecular mimics (mimotopes) can strengthenor modify immune responses induced by carbohydrate antigens. However, peptides that bind specificallyto carbohydrate-binding proteins may not necessarily show the corresponding biological activity, andfurther selection based on biochemical studies is always required. The degree of structural mimicryrequired to generate the desired biological activity is therefore an interesting question. This reviewwill discuss recent structural studies of peptide-carbohydrate mimicry employing NMR spectroscopy,X-ray crystallography, and molecular modeling, as well as relevant biochemical data. These studiesprovide insights into the basis of mimicry at the molecular level. Comparisons with other carbohydrate-mimeticcompounds, namely proteins and glycopeptides, will be drawn. Finally, implications for the designof new therapeutic compounds will also be presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret A Johnson
- Department of Molecular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Rd., MB-44, 92037, La Jolla, CA, USA,
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42
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Tarp MA, Sørensen AL, Mandel U, Paulsen H, Burchell J, Taylor-Papadimitriou J, Clausen H. Identification of a novel cancer-specific immunodominant glycopeptide epitope in the MUC1 tandem repeat. Glycobiology 2006; 17:197-209. [PMID: 17050588 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwl061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 341] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The cell membrane mucin MUC1 is over-expressed and aberrantly glycosylated in many cancers, and cancer-associated MUC1 glycoforms represent potential targets for immunodiagnostic and therapeutic measures. We have recently shown that MUC1 with GalNAcalpha1-O-Ser/Thr (Tn) and NeuAcalpha2-6GalNAcalpha1-O-Ser/Thr (STn) O-glycosylation is a cancer-specific glycoform, and that Tn/STn-MUC1 glycopeptide-based vaccines can override tolerance in human MUC1 transgenic mice and induce humoral immunity with high specificity for MUC1 cancer-specific glycoforms (Sorensen AL, Reis CA, Tarp MA, Mandel U, Ramachandran K, Sankaranarayanan V, Schwientek T, Graham R, Taylor-Papadimitriou J, Hollingsworth MA, et al. 2006. Chemoenzymatically synthesized multimeric Tn/STn MUC1 glycopeptides elicit cancer-specific anti-MUC1 antibody responses and override tolerance. Glycobiology. 16:96-107). In order to further characterize the immune response to Tn/STn-MUC1 glycoforms, we generated monoclonal antibodies with specificity similar to the polyclonal antibody response found in transgenic mice. In the present study, we define the immunodominant epitope on Tn/STn-MUC1 glycopeptides to the region including the amino acids GSTA of the MUC1 20-amino acid tandem repeat (HGVTSAPDTRPAPGSTAPPA). Most other MUC1 antibodies are directed to the PDTR region, although patients with antibodies to the GSTA region have been identified. A panel of other MUC1 glycoform-specific monoclonal antibodies was included for comparison. The study demonstrates that the GSTA region of the MUC1 tandem repeat contains a highly immunodominant epitope when presented with immature short O-glycans. The cancer-specific expression of this glycopeptide epitope makes it a prime candidate for immunodiagnostic and therapeutic measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mads A Tarp
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen N, Denmark
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Sulchek TA, Friddle RW, Langry K, Lau EY, Albrecht H, Ratto TV, DeNardo SJ, Colvin ME, Noy A. Dynamic force spectroscopy of parallel individual Mucin1-antibody bonds. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2005; 102:16638-43. [PMID: 16269547 PMCID: PMC1276867 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0505208102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2005] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
We used atomic force microscopy to measure the binding forces between Mucin1 (MUC1) peptide and a single-chain variable fragment (scFv) antibody selected from a scFv library screened against MUC1. This binding interaction is central to the design of molecules used for targeted delivery of radioimmunotherapeutic agents for prostate and breast cancer treatment. Our experiments separated the specific binding interaction from nonspecific interactions by tethering the antibody and MUC1 molecules to the atomic force microscope tip and sample surface with flexible polymer spacers. Rupture force magnitude and elastic characteristics of the spacers allowed identification of the rupture events corresponding to different numbers of interacting proteins. We used dynamic force spectroscopy to estimate the intermolecular potential widths and equivalent thermodynamic off rates for monovalent, bivalent, and trivalent interactions. Measured interaction potential parameters agree with the results of molecular docking simulation. Our results demonstrate that an increase of the interaction valency leads to a precipitous decline in the dissociation rate. Binding forces measured for monovalent and multivalent interactions match the predictions of a Markovian model for the strength of multiple uncorrelated bonds in a parallel configuration. Our approach is promising for comparison of the specific effects of molecular modifications as well as for determination of the best configuration of antibody-based multivalent targeting agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Todd A Sulchek
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA
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Persson J, Lantto J, Drakenberg T, Ohlin M. Subtle sequence differences in a tumour-associated peptide epitope translate into major changes in antigenicity. Mol Immunol 2005; 42:1321-30. [PMID: 15950728 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2004.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2004] [Accepted: 12/17/2004] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Antigenicity, the ability to bind to members of repertoire of diverse immune receptors, is a concept that is poorly characterised with respect to its defining parameters. To learn more about its makeup, we have investigated the ability of two peptides with highly related sequences, derived from the tumour-associated antigen mucin-1, to recruit in vitro members from a large naïve repertoire of synthetic human antibody fragments. One of the peptides represents the epitope that is immunodominant in mice. We now demonstrate that the other peptide, which differs from the first only by a very conservative aspartate-threonine to glutamate-serine change, is much less antigenic than the first peptide. This is so despite the fact that there is no observable difference in the tendency of the two peptides to adopt a structure in solution. Furthermore, the peptides differ in their immunodominant parts and the less antigenic peptide selects for antibody fragments targeting residues outside of the epitope considered to be immunodominant in mice. We conclude that subtle sequence changes greatly, affect antigenicity and immunodominance of epitopes in this important tumour-associated antigen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Persson
- Department of Immunotechnology, Lund University, P.O. Box 7031, S-22007 Lund, Sweden
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Pisarev VM, Kinarsky L, Caffrey T, Hanisch FG, Sanderson S, Hollingsworth MA, Sherman S. T cells recognize PD(N/T)R motif common in a variable number of tandem repeat and degenerate repeat sequences of MUC1. Int Immunopharmacol 2005; 5:315-30. [PMID: 15652762 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2004.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2004] [Revised: 10/04/2004] [Accepted: 10/04/2004] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The tumor-associated antigen MUC1 is a transmembrane glycoprotein, which is overexpressed in human carcinomas. Peptide epitopes, containing the PDTR fragment from the variable number of tandem repeat (VNTR) domains of MUC1 have been found to be immunodominant in T-cell and B-cell responses. However, little is known about the immunogenicity and specificity of T-cell epitopes from other regions of MUC1 that may also participate in immune responses against tumors. In this study, the combination of immunoinformatics, molecular modeling and a vaccine adjuvant strategy were used to predict and describe a novel T-cell epitope, SAPDNRPAL, located within the degenerate tandem repeat of MUC1. This peptide possesses structural similarity to both VNTR-derived SAPDTRPAP and Sendai virus peptide FAPGNYPAL, which are known to induce cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL). We found that SAPDNRPAL had a higher affinity for mouse H-D(b), H-2K(b) and human HLA-A2 molecules than SAPDTRPAP. A chimeric peptide (CP) containing SAPDNRPAL and an adjuvant C5a-derived decapeptide induced epitope-specific type 1 T cells in human MUC1 transgenic mice (ELISPOT). Mice that received dendritic cells (DC) pulsed with the CP or a 25-mer peptide containing the SAPDNRPAL sequence showed increased frequencies of SAPDNRPAL- and SAPDTRPAP-specific interferon-gamma producing T cells. PDTR-specific antibody 214D4 reacted with both SAPDNRPAL and SAPDTRPAP (ELISA). Altogether, our data suggest that the degenerate MUC1 repeat sequence contains the immunogenic T-cell epitope SAPDNRPAL, which is cross-reactive with the VNTR-derived peptide SAPDTRPAP. We suggest that the use of immunogenic PDNR-containing epitope(s) in vaccine strategies could be beneficial for developing increased, PD(N/T)R motif-specific T-cell responses against tumors expressing MUC1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir M Pisarev
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 986805 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-6805, USA
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Pütz MM, Hoebeke J, Ammerlaan W, Schneider S, Muller CP. Functional fine-mapping and molecular modeling of a conserved loop epitope of the measles virus hemagglutinin protein. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 2003; 270:1515-27. [PMID: 12654007 DOI: 10.1046/j.1432-1033.2003.03517.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Neutralizing and protective monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) were used to fine-map the highly conserved hemagglutinin noose epitope (H379-410, HNE) of the measles virus. Short peptides mimicking this epitope were previously shown to induce virus-neutralizing antibodies [El Kasmi et al. (2000) J. Gen. Virol.81, 729-735]. The epitope contains three cysteine residues, two of which (Cys386 and Cys394) form a disulfide bridge critical for antibody binding. Substitution and truncation analogues revealed four residues critical for binding (Lys387, Gly388, Gln391 and Glu395) and suggested the binding motif X7C[KR]GX[AINQ]QX2CEX5 for three distinct protective mAbs. This motif was found in more than 90% of the wild-type viruses. An independent molecular model of the core epitope predicted an amphiphilic loop displaying a remarkably stable and rigid loop conformation. The three hydrophilic contact residues Lys387, Gln391 and Glu395 pointed on the virus towards the solvent-exposed side of the planar loop and the permissive hydrophobic residues Ile390, Ala392 and Leu393 towards the solvent-hidden side of the loop, precluding antibody binding. The high affinity (Kd = 7.60 nm) of the mAb BH216 for the peptide suggests a high structural resemblance of the peptide with the natural epitope and indicates that most interactions with the protein are also contributed by the peptide. Improved peptides designed on the basis of these findings induced sera that crossreacted with the native measles virus hemagglutinin protein, providing important information about a lead structure for the design of more stable antigens of a synthetic or recombinant subunit vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mike M Pütz
- Department of Immunology, Laboratoire National de Santé, Luxembourg; Fakultät für Chemie und Pharmazie, Universität Tübingen, Germany
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Lantto J, Fletcher JM, Ohlin M. Binding characteristics determine the neutralizing potential of antibody fragments specific for antigenic domain 2 on glycoprotein B of human cytomegalovirus. Virology 2003; 305:201-9. [PMID: 12504553 DOI: 10.1006/viro.2002.1752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Site I of antigenic domain 2 (AD-2) on human cytomegalovirus glycoprotein B (gB) is poorly immunogenic in both man and mouse and knowledge about antibody repertoires reactive with this epitope is thus limited. Here we have characterized a phage display-derived repertoire of antibody fragments specific for this epitope in terms of antigen recognition, fine-specificity, and virus-neutralizing capacity. Our results show that the functional properties within a closely related repertoire may differ widely and that the effectiveness of the members of the repertoire to neutralize the virus is determined by the fine-specificity and kinetics of the interaction with the antigen. The half-life of the interaction between monomeric antibody fragments and gB seems to be particularly critical for the neutralizing capacity. We also demonstrate that sequence variation within gB allows virus variants to escape at least a part of the AD-2-specific neutralizing antibody repertoire, apparently without preventing antibody binding to the epitope.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johan Lantto
- Department of Immunotechnology, Lund University, S-220 07, Lund, Sweden
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Goudet C, Chi CW, Tytgat J. An overview of toxins and genes from the venom of the Asian scorpion Buthus martensi Karsch. Toxicon 2002; 40:1239-58. [PMID: 12220709 DOI: 10.1016/s0041-0101(02)00142-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 205] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Among the different scorpion species, Buthus martensi Karsch (BmK), a widely distributed scorpion species in Asia, has received a lot of attention. Indeed, over the past decade, more than 70 different peptides, toxins or homologues have been isolated and more peptides are probably still to be revealed. This review is focusing on the many peptides isolated from the venom of this scorpion, their targets, their genes and their structures. The aim is to give both a 'state of the art' view of the research on BmK venom and an illustration of the complexity of this scorpion venom. In the present manuscript, we have listed the different ion channel toxins and homologues isolated from the venom of BmK, either from the literature or from databases. We have described here 51 long-chain peptides related to the Na(+) channel toxins family: 34 related to the alpha-toxin family, four related to the excitatory insect toxin family, 10 related to the depressant insect toxin, one beta-like toxin plus two peptides, BmK AS and AS1, that act on ryanodine receptors. We also listed 18 peptides related to the K(+) channel toxin family: 14 short chain toxins or homologues, two long chain K(+) toxin homologues and two putative K(+) toxin precursors. Additionally, two chlorotoxin like peptides (Bm-12 and 12 b) have been isolated in the venom of BmK. Besides these ion channels toxins, two peptides without disulfide bridges (the bradykinin-potentiating peptide BmK bpp and BmK n1) and three peptides with no known functions have also been discovered in this venom. We have also taken the opportunity of this review to update the classification of scorpion K(+) toxins () which now presents 17 subfamilies instead of the 12 described earlier. The work on the venom of BmK led to the discovery of two new subfamilies, alpha-KT x 14 and alpha-KT x 17.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cyril Goudet
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Leuven, Van Evenstraat 4, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
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Gangatirkar P, Gangadharan S, Narendranath A, Nagpal S, Salunke DM, Karande AA. Monoclonal antibodies to gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) inhibit binding of the hormone to its receptor. HYBRIDOMA AND HYBRIDOMICS 2002; 21:281-6. [PMID: 12193281 DOI: 10.1089/153685902760213895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) specific to gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) were obtained using different strategies of conjugation of the peptide to carrier protein and immunization. Of several antibodies obtained, two, namely F1D3C5 and E2D2 bound GnRH in solution phase. Though the epitopes corresponding to the two overlapped, there was a one amino acid shift in the core epitope. These two antibodies were characterized with respect to inhibition of GnRH induced responses in rat pituitary cultures and alpha-T3.1 mouse gonadotrope cell line.
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