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Martinez-Mayorga K, Rosas-Jiménez JG, Gonzalez-Ponce K, López-López E, Neme A, Medina-Franco JL. The pursuit of accurate predictive models of the bioactivity of small molecules. Chem Sci 2024; 15:1938-1952. [PMID: 38332817 PMCID: PMC10848664 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc05534e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Property prediction is a key interest in chemistry. For several decades there has been a continued and incremental development of mathematical models to predict properties. As more data is generated and accumulated, there seems to be more areas of opportunity to develop models with increased accuracy. The same is true if one considers the large developments in machine and deep learning models. However, along with the same areas of opportunity and development, issues and challenges remain and, with more data, new challenges emerge such as the quality and quantity and reliability of the data, and model reproducibility. Herein, we discuss the status of the accuracy of predictive models and present the authors' perspective of the direction of the field, emphasizing on good practices. We focus on predictive models of bioactive properties of small molecules relevant for drug discovery, agrochemical, food chemistry, natural product research, and related fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Martinez-Mayorga
- Institute of Chemistry, Merida Unit, National Autonomous University of Mexico Merida-Tetiz Highway, Km. 4.5 Ucu Yucatan Mexico
- Institute for Applied Mathematics and Systems, Merida Research Unit, National Autonomous University of Mexico Sierra Papacal Merida Yucatan Mexico
| | - José G Rosas-Jiménez
- Department of Theoretical Biophysics, IMPRS on Cellular Biophysics Max-von-Laue Strasse 3 Frankfurt am Main 60438 Germany
| | - Karla Gonzalez-Ponce
- Institute of Chemistry, Merida Unit, National Autonomous University of Mexico Merida-Tetiz Highway, Km. 4.5 Ucu Yucatan Mexico
| | - Edgar López-López
- Department of Chemistry and Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Center for Research and Advanced Studies of the National Polytechnic Institute Mexico City 07000 Mexico
- DIFACQUIM Research Group, Department of Pharmacy, School of Chemistry National Autonomous University of Mexico Mexico City 04510 Mexico
| | - Antonio Neme
- Institute for Applied Mathematics and Systems, Merida Research Unit, National Autonomous University of Mexico Sierra Papacal Merida Yucatan Mexico
| | - José L Medina-Franco
- DIFACQUIM Research Group, Department of Pharmacy, School of Chemistry National Autonomous University of Mexico Mexico City 04510 Mexico
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2
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Braakhuis HM, Gremmer ER, Bannuscher A, Drasler B, Keshavan S, Rothen-Rutishauser B, Birk B, Verlohner A, Landsiedel R, Meldrum K, Doak SH, Clift MJD, Erdem JS, Foss OAH, Zienolddiny-Narui S, Serchi T, Moschini E, Weber P, Burla S, Kumar P, Schmid O, Zwart E, Vermeulen JP, Vandebriel RJ. Transferability and reproducibility of exposed air-liquid interface co-culture lung models. NANOIMPACT 2023; 31:100466. [PMID: 37209722 DOI: 10.1016/j.impact.2023.100466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The establishment of reliable and robust in vitro models for hazard assessment, a prerequisite for moving away from animal testing, requires the evaluation of model transferability and reproducibility. Lung models that can be exposed via the air, by means of an air-liquid interface (ALI) are promising in vitro models for evaluating the safety of nanomaterials (NMs) after inhalation exposure. We performed an inter-laboratory comparison study to evaluate the transferability and reproducibility of a lung model consisting of the human bronchial cell line Calu-3 as a monoculture and, to increase the physiologic relevance of the model, also as a co-culture with macrophages (either derived from the THP-1 monocyte cell line or from human blood monocytes). The lung model was exposed to NMs using the VITROCELL® Cloud12 system at physiologically relevant dose levels. RESULTS Overall, the results of the 7 participating laboratories are quite similar. After exposing Calu-3 alone and Calu-3 co-cultures with macrophages, no effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), quartz (DQ12) or titanium dioxide (TiO2) NM-105 particles on the cell viability and barrier integrity were detected. LPS exposure induced moderate cytokine release in the Calu-3 monoculture, albeit not statistically significant in most labs. In the co-culture models, most laboratories showed that LPS can significantly induce cytokine release (IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α). The exposure to quartz and TiO2 particles did not induce a statistically significant increase in cytokine release in both cell models probably due to our relatively low deposited doses, which were inspired by in vivo dose levels. The intra- and inter-laboratory comparison study indicated acceptable interlaboratory variation for cell viability/toxicity (WST-1, LDH) and transepithelial electrical resistance, and relatively high inter-laboratory variation for cytokine production. CONCLUSION The transferability and reproducibility of a lung co-culture model and its exposure to aerosolized particles at the ALI were evaluated and recommendations were provided for performing inter-laboratory comparison studies. Although the results are promising, optimizations of the lung model (including more sensitive read-outs) and/or selection of higher deposited doses are needed to enhance its predictive value before it may be taken further towards a possible OECD guideline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hedwig M Braakhuis
- National Institute for Public Health & the Environment (RIVM), the Netherlands
| | - Eric R Gremmer
- National Institute for Public Health & the Environment (RIVM), the Netherlands
| | - Anne Bannuscher
- Adolphe Merkle Institute (AMI), University of Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Barbara Drasler
- Adolphe Merkle Institute (AMI), University of Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Sandeep Keshavan
- Adolphe Merkle Institute (AMI), University of Fribourg, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | - Robert Landsiedel
- BASF SE, Ludwigshafen, Germany; Free University of Berlin, Pharmacy - Pharmacology and Toxicology, Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | - Oda A H Foss
- National Institute of Occupational Health (STAMI), Norway
| | | | - Tommaso Serchi
- Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Elisa Moschini
- Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Pamina Weber
- Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Sabina Burla
- Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Pramod Kumar
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC-M) with the CPC-M bioArchive, Helmholtz Center Munich - Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany; Institute of Lung Health and Immunity, Helmholtz Center Munich - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Otmar Schmid
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC-M) with the CPC-M bioArchive, Helmholtz Center Munich - Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany; Institute of Lung Health and Immunity, Helmholtz Center Munich - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Edwin Zwart
- National Institute for Public Health & the Environment (RIVM), the Netherlands
| | - Jolanda P Vermeulen
- National Institute for Public Health & the Environment (RIVM), the Netherlands
| | - Rob J Vandebriel
- National Institute for Public Health & the Environment (RIVM), the Netherlands.
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3
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Awashra M, Młynarz P. The toxicity of nanoparticles and their interaction with cells: an in vitro metabolomic perspective. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2023; 5:2674-2723. [PMID: 37205285 PMCID: PMC10186990 DOI: 10.1039/d2na00534d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, nanomaterials (NMs) are widely present in daily life due to their significant benefits, as demonstrated by their application in many fields such as biomedicine, engineering, food, cosmetics, sensing, and energy. However, the increasing production of NMs multiplies the chances of their release into the surrounding environment, making human exposure to NMs inevitable. Currently, nanotoxicology is a crucial field, which focuses on studying the toxicity of NMs. The toxicity or effects of nanoparticles (NPs) on the environment and humans can be preliminary assessed in vitro using cell models. However, the conventional cytotoxicity assays, such as the MTT assay, have some drawbacks including the possibility of interference with the studied NPs. Therefore, it is necessary to employ more advanced techniques that provide high throughput analysis and avoid interferences. In this case, metabolomics is one of the most powerful bioanalytical strategies to assess the toxicity of different materials. By measuring the metabolic change upon the introduction of a stimulus, this technique can reveal the molecular information of the toxicity induced by NPs. This provides the opportunity to design novel and efficient nanodrugs and minimizes the risks of NPs used in industry and other fields. Initially, this review summarizes the ways that NPs and cells interact and the NP parameters that play a role in this interaction, and then the assessment of these interactions using conventional assays and the challenges encountered are discussed. Subsequently, in the main part, we introduce the recent studies employing metabolomics for the assessment of these interactions in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Awashra
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Science, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University 02150 Espoo Finland
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology Wroclaw Poland
| | - Piotr Młynarz
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology Wroclaw Poland
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4
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McLean P, Mueller W, Gosens I, Cassee FR, Rothen-Rutishauser B, Boyles M, Tran L. Establishing relationships between particle-induced in vitro and in vivo inflammation endpoints to better extrapolate between in vitro markers and in vivo fibrosis. Part Fibre Toxicol 2023; 20:5. [PMID: 36759844 PMCID: PMC9909881 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-023-00516-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Toxicity assessment for regulatory purposes is starting to move away from traditional in vivo methods and towards new approach methodologies (NAM) such as high-throughput in vitro models and computational tools. For materials with limited hazard information, utilising quantitative Adverse Outcome Pathways (AOPs) in a testing strategy involving NAM can produce information relevant for risk assessment. The aim of this work was to determine the feasibility of linking in vitro endpoints to in vivo events, and moreover to key events associated with the onset of a chosen adverse outcome to aid in the development of NAM testing strategies. To do this, we focussed on the adverse outcome pathway (AOP) relating to the onset of pulmonary fibrosis. RESULTS We extracted in vivo and in vitro dose-response information for particles known to induce this pulmonary fibrosis (crystalline silica, specifically α-quartz). To test the in vivo-in vitro extrapolation (IVIVE) determined for crystalline silica, cerium dioxide nanoparticles (nano-CeO2) were used as a case study allowing us to evaluate our findings with a less studied substance. The IVIVE methodology outlined in this paper is formed of five steps, which can be more generally summarised into two categories (i) aligning the in vivo and in vitro dosimetry, (ii) comparing the dose-response curves and derivation of conversion factors. CONCLUSION Our analysis shows promising results with regards to correlation of in vitro cytokine secretion to in vivo acute pulmonary inflammation assessed by polymorphonuclear leukocyte influx, most notable is the potential of using IL-6 and IL-1β cytokine secretion from simple in vitro submerged models as a screening tool to assess the likelihood of lung inflammation at an early stage in product development, hence allowing a more targeted investigation using either a smaller, more targeted in vivo study or in the future a more complex in vitro protocol. This paper also highlights the strengths and limitations as well as the current difficulties in performing IVIVE assessment and suggestions for overcoming these issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Polly McLean
- Institute of Occupational Medicine (IOM), Edinburgh, UK.
| | - William Mueller
- grid.410343.10000 0001 2224 0230Institute of Occupational Medicine (IOM), Edinburgh, UK
| | - Ilse Gosens
- grid.31147.300000 0001 2208 0118National Institute for Public Health and the Environment – RIVM, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Flemming R. Cassee
- grid.31147.300000 0001 2208 0118National Institute for Public Health and the Environment – RIVM, Bilthoven, The Netherlands ,grid.5477.10000000120346234Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Barbara Rothen-Rutishauser
- grid.8534.a0000 0004 0478 1713Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Matthew Boyles
- grid.410343.10000 0001 2224 0230Institute of Occupational Medicine (IOM), Edinburgh, UK
| | - Lang Tran
- grid.410343.10000 0001 2224 0230Institute of Occupational Medicine (IOM), Edinburgh, UK
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Ruijter N, Soeteman-Hernández LG, Carrière M, Boyles M, McLean P, Catalán J, Katsumiti A, Cabellos J, Delpivo C, Sánchez Jiménez A, Candalija A, Rodríguez-Llopis I, Vázquez-Campos S, Cassee FR, Braakhuis H. The State of the Art and Challenges of In Vitro Methods for Human Hazard Assessment of Nanomaterials in the Context of Safe-by-Design. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:472. [PMID: 36770432 PMCID: PMC9920318 DOI: 10.3390/nano13030472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The Safe-by-Design (SbD) concept aims to facilitate the development of safer materials/products, safer production, and safer use and end-of-life by performing timely SbD interventions to reduce hazard, exposure, or both. Early hazard screening is a crucial first step in this process. In this review, for the first time, commonly used in vitro assays are evaluated for their suitability for SbD hazard testing of nanomaterials (NMs). The goal of SbD hazard testing is identifying hazard warnings in the early stages of innovation. For this purpose, assays should be simple, cost-effective, predictive, robust, and compatible. For several toxicological endpoints, there are indications that commonly used in vitro assays are able to predict hazard warnings. In addition to the evaluation of assays, this review provides insights into the effects of the choice of cell type, exposure and dispersion protocol, and the (in)accurate determination of dose delivered to cells on predictivity. Furthermore, compatibility of assays with challenging advanced materials and NMs released from nano-enabled products (NEPs) during the lifecycle is assessed, as these aspects are crucial for SbD hazard testing. To conclude, hazard screening of NMs is complex and joint efforts between innovators, scientists, and regulators are needed to further improve SbD hazard testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nienke Ruijter
- National Institute for Public Health & the Environment (RIVM), 3721 MA Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | | | - Marie Carrière
- Univ. Grenoble-Alpes, CEA, CNRS, SyMMES-CIBEST, 17 rue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Matthew Boyles
- Institute of Occupational Medicine (IOM), Edinburgh EH14 4AP, UK
| | - Polly McLean
- Institute of Occupational Medicine (IOM), Edinburgh EH14 4AP, UK
| | - Julia Catalán
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, 00250 Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Anatomy, Embryology and Genetics, University of Zaragoza, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Alberto Katsumiti
- GAIKER Technology Centre, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 48170 Zamudio, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | - Isabel Rodríguez-Llopis
- GAIKER Technology Centre, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 48170 Zamudio, Spain
| | | | - Flemming R. Cassee
- National Institute for Public Health & the Environment (RIVM), 3721 MA Bilthoven, The Netherlands
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Hedwig Braakhuis
- National Institute for Public Health & the Environment (RIVM), 3721 MA Bilthoven, The Netherlands
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6
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dos Santos OAL, Pizzorno Backx B, Abumousa RA, Bououdina M. Environmental Implications Associated with the Development of Nanotechnology: From Synthesis to Disposal. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:4319. [PMID: 36500947 PMCID: PMC9740896 DOI: 10.3390/nano12234319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Nanotechnology remains under continuous development. The unique, fascinating, and tunable properties of nanomaterials make them interesting for diverse applications in different fields such as medicine, agriculture, and remediation. However, knowledge about the risks associated with nanomaterials is still poorly known and presents variable results. Furthermore, the interaction of nanomaterials with biological systems and the environment still needs to be clarified. Moreover, some issues such as toxicity, bioaccumulation, and physicochemical transformations are found to be dependent on several factors such as size, capping agent, and shape, making the comparisons even more complex. This review presents a comprehensive discussion about the consequences of the use and development of nanomaterials regarding their potential risks to the environment as well as human and animal health. For this purpose, we reviewed the entire production chain from manufacturing, product development, applications, and even product disposal to raise the important implications at each stage. In addition, we present the recent developments in terms of risk management and the recycling of nanomaterials. Furthermore, the advances and limitations in the legislation and characterization of nanomaterials are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bianca Pizzorno Backx
- Campus Duque de Caxias, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Duque de Caxias 25240-005, Brazil
| | - Rasha A. Abumousa
- Department of Mathematics and Science, Faculty of Humanities and Sciences, Prince Sultan University, Riyadh 11586, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Bououdina
- Department of Mathematics and Science, Faculty of Humanities and Sciences, Prince Sultan University, Riyadh 11586, Saudi Arabia
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7
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Llewellyn SV, Kermanizadeh A, Ude V, Jacobsen NR, Conway GE, Shah UK, Niemeijer M, Moné MJ, van de Water B, Roy S, Moritz W, Stone V, Jenkins GJS, Doak SH. Assessing the transferability and reproducibility of 3D in vitro liver models from primary human multi-cellular microtissues to cell-line based HepG2 spheroids. Toxicol In Vitro 2022; 85:105473. [PMID: 36108805 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2022.105473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
To reduce, replace, and refine in vivo testing, there is increasing emphasis on the development of more physiologically relevant in vitro test systems to improve the reliability of non-animal-based methods for hazard assessment. When developing new approach methodologies, it is important to standardize the protocols and demonstrate the methods can be reproduced by multiple laboratories. The aim of this study was to assess the transferability and reproducibility of two advanced in vitro liver models, the Primary Human multicellular microtissue liver model (PHH) and the 3D HepG2 Spheroid Model, for nanomaterial (NM) and chemical hazard assessment purposes. The PHH model inter-laboratory trial showed strong consistency across the testing sites. All laboratories evaluated cytokine release and cytotoxicity following exposure to titanium dioxide (TiO2) and zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles. No significant difference was observed in cytotoxicity or IL-8 release for the test materials. The data were reproducible with all three laboratories with control readouts within a similar range. The PHH model ZnO induced the greatest cytotoxicity response at 50.0 μg/mL and a dose-dependent increase in IL-8 release. For the 3D HepG2 spheroid model, all test sites were able to construct the model and demonstrated good concordance in IL-8 cytokine release and genotoxicity data. This trial demonstrates the successful transfer of new approach methodologies across multiple laboratories, with good reproducibility for several hazard endpoints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha V Llewellyn
- In vitro Toxicology Group, Institute of Life Sciences, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea, SA2 8PP, Wales, UK
| | - Ali Kermanizadeh
- University of Derby, School of Human Sciences, Derby DE22 1GB, UK
| | - Victor Ude
- Heriot Watt University, School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Nano Safety Research Group, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Nicklas Raun Jacobsen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment (NRCWE), Lersø Parkallé 105, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Gillian E Conway
- In vitro Toxicology Group, Institute of Life Sciences, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea, SA2 8PP, Wales, UK
| | - Ume-Kulsoom Shah
- In vitro Toxicology Group, Institute of Life Sciences, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea, SA2 8PP, Wales, UK
| | - Marije Niemeijer
- Division of Drug Discovery and Safety, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, Leiden 2333 CC, the Netherlands
| | - Martijn J Moné
- Division of Drug Discovery and Safety, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, Leiden 2333 CC, the Netherlands
| | - Bob van de Water
- Division of Drug Discovery and Safety, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, Leiden 2333 CC, the Netherlands
| | - Shambhu Roy
- MilliporeSigma, 14920 Broschart Road, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | | | - Vicki Stone
- Heriot Watt University, School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Nano Safety Research Group, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Gareth J S Jenkins
- In vitro Toxicology Group, Institute of Life Sciences, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea, SA2 8PP, Wales, UK
| | - Shareen H Doak
- In vitro Toxicology Group, Institute of Life Sciences, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea, SA2 8PP, Wales, UK.
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8
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Martin S, de Haan L, Miro Estruch I, Eder KM, Marzi A, Schnekenburger J, Blosi M, Costa A, Antonello G, Bergamaschi E, Riganti C, Beal D, Carrière M, Taché O, Hutchison G, Malone E, Young L, Campagnolo L, La Civita F, Pietroiusti A, Devineau S, Baeza A, Boland S, Zong C, Ichihara G, Fadeel B, Bouwmeester H. Pre-validation of a reporter gene assay for oxidative stress for the rapid screening of nanobiomaterials. FRONTIERS IN TOXICOLOGY 2022; 4:974429. [PMID: 36171865 PMCID: PMC9511406 DOI: 10.3389/ftox.2022.974429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Engineered nanomaterials have been found to induce oxidative stress. Cellular oxidative stress, in turn, can result in the induction of antioxidant and detoxification enzymes which are controlled by the nuclear erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) transcription factor. Here, we present the results of a pre-validation study which was conducted within the frame of BIORIMA (“biomaterial risk management”) an EU-funded research and innovation project. For this we used an NRF2 specific chemically activated luciferase expression reporter gene assay derived from the human U2OS osteosarcoma cell line to screen for the induction of the NRF2 mediated gene expression following exposure to biomedically relevant nanobiomaterials. Specifically, we investigated Fe3O4-PEG-PLGA nanomaterials while Ag and TiO2 “benchmark” nanomaterials from the Joint Research Center were used as reference materials. The viability of the cells was determined by using the Alamar blue assay. We performed an interlaboratory study involving seven different laboratories to assess the applicability of the NRF2 reporter gene assay for the screening of nanobiomaterials. The latter work was preceded by online tutorials to ensure that the procedures were harmonized across the different participating laboratories. Fe3O4-PEG-PLGA nanomaterials were found to induce very limited NRF2 mediated gene expression, whereas exposure to Ag nanomaterials induced NRF2 mediated gene expression. TiO2 nanomaterials did not induce NRF2 mediated gene expression. The variability in the results obtained by the participating laboratories was small with mean intra-laboratory standard deviation of 0.16 and mean inter laboratory standard deviation of 0.28 across all NRF2 reporter gene assay results. We conclude that the NRF2 reporter gene assay is a suitable assay for the screening of nanobiomaterial-induced oxidative stress responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastin Martin
- Division of Molecular Toxicology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Laura de Haan
- Division of Toxicology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Ignacio Miro Estruch
- Division of Toxicology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Kai Moritz Eder
- Biomedical Technology Center, Westfälische Wilhelms-University, Münster, Germany
| | - Anne Marzi
- Biomedical Technology Center, Westfälische Wilhelms-University, Münster, Germany
| | | | - Magda Blosi
- Institute of Science and Technology for Ceramics (ISTEC), CNR, Faenza, Italy
| | - Anna Costa
- Institute of Science and Technology for Ceramics (ISTEC), CNR, Faenza, Italy
| | | | - Enrico Bergamaschi
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Chiara Riganti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - David Beal
- Université Grenoble-Alpes, CEA, CNRS, IRIG, SyMMES, Grenoble, France
| | - Marie Carrière
- Université Grenoble-Alpes, CEA, CNRS, IRIG, SyMMES, Grenoble, France
| | - Olivier Taché
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, NIMBE, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Gary Hutchison
- School of Applied Sciences, Edinburgh Napier University, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Eva Malone
- School of Applied Sciences, Edinburgh Napier University, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Lesley Young
- School of Applied Sciences, Edinburgh Napier University, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Luisa Campagnolo
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Fabio La Civita
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Antonio Pietroiusti
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Stéphanie Devineau
- Université Paris Cité, Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, Paris, France
| | - Armelle Baeza
- Université Paris Cité, Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, Paris, France
| | - Sonja Boland
- Université Paris Cité, Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, Paris, France
| | - Cai Zong
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Tokyo University of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Gaku Ichihara
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Tokyo University of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Bengt Fadeel
- Division of Molecular Toxicology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hans Bouwmeester
- Division of Toxicology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
- *Correspondence: Hans Bouwmeester,
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9
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Azqueta A, Stopper H, Zegura B, Dusinska M, Møller P. Do cytotoxicity and cell death cause false positive results in the in vitro comet assay? MUTATION RESEARCH. GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2022; 881:503520. [PMID: 36031332 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2022.503520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
The comet assay is used to measure DNA damage induced by chemical and physical agents. High concentrations of test agents may cause cytotoxicity or cell death, which may give rise to false positive results in the comet assay. Systematic studies on genotoxins and cytotoxins (i.e. non-genotoxic poisons) have attempted to establish a threshold of cytotoxicity or cell death by which DNA damage results measured by the comet assay could be regarded as a false positive result. Thresholds of cytotoxicity/cell death range from 20% to 50% in various publications. Curiously, a survey of the latest literature on comet assay results from cell culture studies suggests that one-third of publications did not assess cytotoxicity or cell death. We recommend that it should be mandatory to include results from at least one type of assay on cytotoxicity, cell death or cell proliferation in publications on comet assay results. A combination of cytotoxicity (or cell death) and proliferation (or colony forming efficiency assay) is preferable in actively proliferating cells because it covers more mechanisms of action. Applying a general threshold of cytotoxicity/cell death to all types of agents may not be applicable; however, 25% compared to the concurrent negative control seems to be a good starting value to avoid false positive comet assay results. Further research is needed to establish a threshold value to distinguish between true and potentially false positive genotoxic effects detected by the comet assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amaya Azqueta
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Navarra, C/Irunlarrea 1, 31009 Pamplona, Spain and IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Helga Stopper
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Würzburg, Versbacher Str. 9, 97078 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Bojana Zegura
- Department of Genetic Toxicology and Cancer Biology, National Institute of Biology, Večna pot 111, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Maria Dusinska
- Health Effects Laboratory, Department of Environmental Chemistry, NILU-Norwegian Institute for Air Research, Instituttveien 18, 2002 Kjeller, Norway
| | - Peter Møller
- Department of Public Health, Section of Environmental Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5A, DK-1014 Copenhagen, Denmark
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10
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Interlaboratory evaluation of a digital holographic microscopy-based assay for label-free in vitro cytotoxicity testing of polymeric nanocarriers. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2022; 12:2207-2224. [PMID: 35799027 PMCID: PMC9263039 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-022-01207-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
State-of-the-art in vitro test systems for nanomaterial toxicity assessment are based on dyes and several staining steps which can be affected by nanomaterial interference. Digital holographic microscopy (DHM), an interferometry-based variant of quantitative phase imaging (QPI), facilitates reliable proliferation quantification of native cell populations and the extraction of morphological features in a fast and label- and interference-free manner by biophysical parameters. DHM therefore has been identified as versatile tool for cytotoxicity testing in biomedical nanotechnology. In a comparative study performed at two collaborating laboratories, we investigated the interlaboratory variability and performance of DHM in nanomaterial toxicity testing, utilizing complementary standard operating procedures (SOPs). Two identical custom-built off-axis DHM systems, developed for usage in biomedical laboratories, equipped with stage-top incubation chambers were applied at different locations in Europe. Temporal dry mass development, 12-h dry mass increments and morphology changes of A549 human lung epithelial cell populations upon incubation with two variants of poly(alkyl cyanoacrylate) (PACA) nanoparticles were observed in comparison to digitonin and cell culture medium controls. Digitonin as cytotoxicity control, as well as empty and cabazitaxel-loaded PACA nanocarriers, similarly impacted 12-h dry mass development and increments as well as morphology of A549 cells at both participating laboratories. The obtained DHM data reflected the cytotoxic potential of the tested nanomaterials and are in agreement with corresponding literature on biophysical and chemical assays. Our results confirm DHM as label-free cytotoxicity assay for polymeric nanocarriers as well as the repeatability and reproducibility of the technology. In summary, the evaluated DHM assay could be efficiently implemented at different locations and facilitates interlaboratory in vitro toxicity testing of nanoparticles with prospects for application in regulatory science.
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11
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Eder KM, Marzi A, Wågbø AM, Vermeulen JP, de la Fonteyne-Blankestijn LJJ, Rösslein M, Ossig R, Klinkenberg G, Vandebriel RJ, Schnekenburger J. Standardization of an in vitro assay matrix to assess cytotoxicity of organic nanocarriers: a pilot interlaboratory comparison. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2022; 12:2187-2206. [PMID: 35794354 PMCID: PMC9360155 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-022-01203-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Nanotechnologies such as nanoparticles are established components of new medical devices and pharmaceuticals. The use and distribution of these materials increases the requirement for standardized evaluation of possible adverse effects, starting with a general cytotoxicity screening. The Horizon 2020 project "Regulatory Science Framework for Nano(bio)material-based Medical Products and Devices (REFINE)" identified in vitro cytotoxicity quantification as a central task and first step for risk assessment and development for medical nanocarriers. We have performed an interlaboratory comparison on a cell-assay matrix including a kinetic lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release cell death and WST-8 cell viability assay adapted for testing organic nanocarriers in four well-characterized cell lines of different organ origins. Identical experiments were performed by three laboratories, namely the Biomedical Technology Center (BMTZ) of the University of Münster, SINTEF Materials and Chemistry (SINTEF), and the National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM) of the Netherlands according to new standard operating procedures (SOPs). The experiments confirmed that LipImage™ 815 lipidots® are non-cytotoxic up to a concentration of 128 µg/mL and poly(alkyl cyanoacrylate) (PACA) nanoparticles for drug delivery of cytostatic agents caused dose-dependent cytotoxic effects on the cell lines starting from 8 µg/mL. PACA nanoparticles loaded with the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) cabazitaxel showed a less pronounced dose-dependent effect with the lowest concentration of 2 µg/mL causing cytotoxic effects. The mean within laboratory standard deviation was 4.9% for the WST-8 cell viability assay and 4.0% for the LDH release cell death assay, while the between laboratory standard deviation was 7.3% and 7.8% for the two assays, respectively. Here, we demonstrated the suitability and reproducibility of a cytotoxicity matrix consisting of two endpoints performed with four cell lines across three partner laboratories. The experimental procedures described here can facilitate a robust cytotoxicity screening for the development of organic nanomaterials used in medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Moritz Eder
- Biomedical Technology Center (BMTZ) of the Medical Faculty, University of Muenster, 48149, Münster, Germany.
| | - Anne Marzi
- Biomedical Technology Center (BMTZ) of the Medical Faculty, University of Muenster, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Ane Marit Wågbø
- SINTEF Materials and Chemistry (SINTEF), 7034, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Jolanda P Vermeulen
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), 3720 BA, Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | | | - Matthias Rösslein
- Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (EMPA), CH-9014, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Rainer Ossig
- Biomedical Technology Center (BMTZ) of the Medical Faculty, University of Muenster, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Geir Klinkenberg
- SINTEF Materials and Chemistry (SINTEF), 7034, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Rob J Vandebriel
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), 3720 BA, Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - Jürgen Schnekenburger
- Biomedical Technology Center (BMTZ) of the Medical Faculty, University of Muenster, 48149, Münster, Germany
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12
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Eder KM, Marzi A, Barroso Á, Ketelhut S, Kemper B, Schnekenburger J. Label-Free Digital Holographic Microscopy for In Vitro Cytotoxic Effect Quantification of Organic Nanoparticles. Cells 2022; 11:cells11040644. [PMID: 35203295 PMCID: PMC8870653 DOI: 10.3390/cells11040644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cytotoxicity quantification of nanoparticles is commonly performed by biochemical assays to evaluate their biocompatibility and safety. We explored quantitative phase imaging (QPI) with digital holographic microscopy (DHM) as a time-resolved in vitro assay to quantify effects caused by three different types of organic nanoparticles in development for medical use. Label-free proliferation quantification of native cell populations facilitates cytotoxicity testing in biomedical nanotechnology. Therefore, DHM quantitative phase images from measurements on nanomaterial and control agent incubated cells were acquired over 24 h, from which the temporal course of the cellular dry mass was calculated within the observed field of view. The impact of LipImage™ 815 lipidots® nanoparticles, as well as empty and cabazitaxel-loaded poly(alkyl cyanoacrylate) nanoparticles on the dry mass development of four different cell lines (RAW 264.7, NIH-3T3, NRK-52E, and RLE-6TN), was observed vs. digitonin as cytotoxicity control and cells in culture medium. The acquired QPI data were compared to a colorimetric cell viability assay (WST-8) to explore the use of the DHM assay with standard biochemical analysis methods downstream. Our results show that QPI with DHM is highly suitable to identify harmful or low-toxic nanomaterials. The presented DHM assay can be implemented with commercial microscopes. The capability for imaging of native cells and the compatibility with common 96-well plates allows high-throughput systems and future embedding into existing experimental routines for in vitro cytotoxicity assessment.
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Boyles M, Murphy F, Mueller W, Wohlleben W, Jacobsen NR, Braakhuis H, Giusti A, Stone V. Development of a standard operating procedure for the DCFH 2-DA acellular assessment of reactive oxygen species produced by nanomaterials. Toxicol Mech Methods 2022; 32:439-452. [PMID: 35086424 DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2022.2029656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Improved strategies are required for testing nanomaterials (NMs) to make hazard and risk assessment more efficient and sustainable. Including reduced reliance on animal models, without decreasing the level of human health protection. Acellular detection of reactive oxygen species (ROS) may be useful as a screening assay to prioritize NMs of high concern. To improve reliability and reproducibility, and minimize uncertainty, a standard operating procedure (SOP) has been developed for the detection of ROS using the 2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (DCFH2-DA) assay. The SOP has undergone an inter- and intra-laboratory comparison, to evaluate robustness, reliability, and reproducibility, using representative materials (ZnO, CuO, Mn2O3, and BaSO4 NMs), and a number of calibration tools to normalize data. The SOP includes an NM positive control (nanoparticle carbon black (NPCB)), a chemical positive control (SIN-1), and a standard curve of fluorescein fluorescence. The interlaboratory comparison demonstrated that arbitrary fluorescence units show high levels of partner variability; however, data normalization improved variability. With statistical analysis, it was shown that the SIN-1 positive control provided an extremely high level of reliability and reproducibility as a positive control and as a normalization tool. The NPCB positive control can be used with a relatively high level of reproducibility, and in terms of the representative materials, the reproducibility CuO induced-effects was better than for Mn2O3. Using this DCFH2-DA acellular assay SOP resulted in a robust intra-laboratory reproduction of ROS measurements from all NMs tested, while effective reproduction across different laboratories was also demonstrated; the effectiveness of attaining reproducibility within the interlaboratory assessment was particle-type-specific.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fiona Murphy
- NanoSafety Group, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | - Wendel Wohlleben
- Department of Material Physics and Department of Experimental Toxicology & Ecology, BASF SE, Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | | | - Hedwig Braakhuis
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Anna Giusti
- Department of Chemical and Product Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Berlin, Germany
| | - Vicki Stone
- NanoSafety Group, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, UK
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Manzari MT, Shamay Y, Kiguchi H, Rosen N, Scaltriti M, Heller DA. Targeted drug delivery strategies for precision medicines. NATURE REVIEWS. MATERIALS 2021; 6:351-370. [PMID: 34950512 PMCID: PMC8691416 DOI: 10.1038/s41578-020-00269-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 296] [Impact Index Per Article: 98.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Progress in the field of precision medicine has changed the landscape of cancer therapy. Precision medicine is propelled by technologies that enable molecular profiling, genomic analysis, and optimized drug design to tailor treatments for individual patients. Although precision medicines have resulted in some clinical successes, the use of many potential therapeutics has been hindered by pharmacological issues, including toxicities and drug resistance. Drug delivery materials and approaches have now advanced to a point where they can enable the modulation of a drug's pharmacological parameters without compromising the desired effect on molecular targets. Specifically, they can modulate a drug's pharmacokinetics, stability, absorption, and exposure to tumours and healthy tissues, and facilitate the administration of synergistic drug combinations. This Review highlights recent progress in precision therapeutics and drug delivery, and identifies opportunities for strategies to improve the therapeutic index of cancer drugs, and consequently, clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mandana T. Manzari
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- These authors have contributed equally to this work
| | - Yosi Shamay
- Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
- These authors have contributed equally to this work
| | - Hiroto Kiguchi
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Division of Oncology, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- These authors have contributed equally to this work
| | - Neal Rosen
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer, New York, NY, USA
| | - Maurizio Scaltriti
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Daniel A. Heller
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
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15
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Janer G, Landsiedel R, Wohlleben W. Rationale and decision rules behind the ECETOC NanoApp to support registration of sets of similar nanoforms within REACH. Nanotoxicology 2020; 15:145-166. [PMID: 33320695 DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2020.1842933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
New registration requirements for nanomaterials under REACH consider the possibility to form 'sets of similar nanoforms' for a joined human health and environmental hazard, exposure and risk assessment. We developed a tool to create and justify sets of similar nanoforms and to ensure that each of the nanoforms is sufficiently similar to all other nanoforms. The decision logic is following the ECHA guidance in a transparent and evidence-based manner. For each two nanoforms the properties under consideration are compared and corresponding thresholds for maximal differences are proposed. In tier1, similarity is assessed based on intrinsic properties that mostly correspond to those required for nanoform identification under REACH: composition, impurities/additives, size, crystallinity, shape and surface treatment. Moreover, potential differences in the agglomeration/aggregation state resulting from different production processes are considered. If nanoforms were not sufficiently similar based on tier1 criteria, additional data from functional assays are required in tier2. In rare cases, additional short-term in vivo rodent data could be required in a third tier. Data required by tier 2 are triggered by the intrinsic properties in the first tier that did not match the similarity criteria. Most often this will be data on dissolution and surface reactivity followed by in vitro toxicity, dispersion stability, dustiness. Out of several nanoforms given by the user, the tool concludes which nanoforms could be justified to be in the same set and which nanoforms are outside. It defines the boundaries of sets of similar nanoforms and generates a justification for the REACH registration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemma Janer
- Leitat Technological Center, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Robert Landsiedel
- Department of Experimental Toxicology and Ecology, BASF SE, Ludwigshafen am Rhein, Germany
| | - Wendel Wohlleben
- Department of Material Physics and Analytics, BASF SE, Ludwigshafen am Rhein, Germany
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16
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Pink M, Verma N, Schmitz-Spanke S. Benchmark dose analyses of toxic endpoints in lung cells provide sensitivity and toxicity ranking across metal oxide nanoparticles and give insights into the mode of action. Toxicol Lett 2020; 331:218-226. [PMID: 32562635 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2020.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The benchmark dose (BMD) is a dose that produces a predetermined change in the response rate of an adverse effect. This approach is increasingly utilized to analyze quantitative dose-response relationships. To proof this concept, statistical analysis was compared with the BMD approach in order to rank the sensitivity as well as the toxicity and to describe the mode of action. METHODS Bronchial (BEAS-2B) and alveolar epithelial cells (A549) were exposed to a wide concentration range (0.4-100 μg/mL) of five metal oxide nanoparticles (CeO2, CuO, TiO2, ZnO, ZrO2). Eight toxicity endpoints were determined representing integrity of lysosomal and cell membrane, oxidative stress level, glutathione based detoxification (glutathione S-transferase), oxidative metabolism (cytochrome P450), alteration of the mitochondrial membrane potential, alteration of phase II antioxidative enzyme (NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase), and de novo DNA synthesis. RESULTS Based on the BMD calculated for the most sensitive test, the toxicity decreased in the following order: ZnO > CuO > TiO2>ZrO2>CeO2 in BEAS-2B. Both statistical evaluation methods revealed a higher sensitivity of BEAS-2B cells. The BMD-derived mode of action for CuO confirmed the existing hypotheses and provided insights into less known mechanisms. CONCLUSION The findings proofed that BMD analysis is an effective tool to evaluate different aspects of risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Pink
- Institute and Outpatient Clinic of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Henkestr. 9-11, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; Department of Chemical and Product Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Max-Dohrn-Str. 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Nisha Verma
- Institute and Outpatient Clinic of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Henkestr. 9-11, 91054 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Simone Schmitz-Spanke
- Institute and Outpatient Clinic of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Henkestr. 9-11, 91054 Erlangen, Germany.
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17
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Frolov G, Lyagin I, Senko O, Stepanov N, Pogorelsky I, Efremenko E. Metal Nanoparticles for Improving Bactericide Functionality of Usual Fibers. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10091724. [PMID: 32878095 PMCID: PMC7557869 DOI: 10.3390/nano10091724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A wide variety of microbiological hazards stimulates a constant development of new protective materials against them. For that, the application of some nanomaterials seems to be very promising. Modification of usual fibers with different metal nanoparticles was successfully illustrated in the work. Tantal nanoparticles have shown the highest antibacterial potency within fibrous materials against both gram-positive (Bacillus subtilis) and gram-negative (Escherichia coli) bacteria. Besides, the effect of tantal nanoparticles towards luminescent Photobacterium phosphoreum cells estimating the general sample ecotoxicity was issued for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Frolov
- National Research Technological University “MISIS”, Leninsky ave. 4, 119049 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Ilya Lyagin
- Faculty of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Lenin Hills 1/3, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (I.L.); (O.S.); (N.S.)
- N.M. Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics RAS, Kosygin str. 4, 119334 Moscow, Russia
| | - Olga Senko
- Faculty of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Lenin Hills 1/3, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (I.L.); (O.S.); (N.S.)
- N.M. Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics RAS, Kosygin str. 4, 119334 Moscow, Russia
| | - Nikolay Stepanov
- Faculty of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Lenin Hills 1/3, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (I.L.); (O.S.); (N.S.)
- N.M. Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics RAS, Kosygin str. 4, 119334 Moscow, Russia
| | - Ivan Pogorelsky
- 48 Central Scientific Research Institute of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, Oktyabrsky ave. 121, 610017 Kirov, Russia;
| | - Elena Efremenko
- Faculty of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Lenin Hills 1/3, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (I.L.); (O.S.); (N.S.)
- N.M. Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics RAS, Kosygin str. 4, 119334 Moscow, Russia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.:+7-(495)-939-3170; Fax: +7-(495)-939-5417
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Nelissen I, Haase A, Anguissola S, Rocks L, Jacobs A, Willems H, Riebeling C, Luch A, Piret JP, Toussaint O, Trouiller B, Lacroix G, Gutleb AC, Contal S, Diabaté S, Weiss C, Lozano-Fernández T, González-Fernández Á, Dusinska M, Huk A, Stone V, Kanase N, Nocuń M, Stępnik M, Meschini S, Ammendolia MG, Lewinski N, Riediker M, Venturini M, Benetti F, Topinka J, Brzicova T, Milani S, Rädler J, Salvati A, Dawson KA. Improving Quality in Nanoparticle-Induced Cytotoxicity Testing by a Tiered Inter-Laboratory Comparison Study. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10081430. [PMID: 32707981 PMCID: PMC7466672 DOI: 10.3390/nano10081430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The quality and relevance of nanosafety studies constitute major challenges to ensure their key role as a supporting tool in sustainable innovation, and subsequent competitive economic advantage. However, the number of apparently contradictory and inconclusive research results has increased in the past few years, indicating the need to introduce harmonized protocols and good practices in the nanosafety research community. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate if best-practice training and inter-laboratory comparison (ILC) of performance of the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium (MTS) assay for the cytotoxicity assessment of nanomaterials among 15 European laboratories can improve quality in nanosafety testing. We used two well-described model nanoparticles, 40-nm carboxylated polystyrene (PS-COOH) and 50-nm amino-modified polystyrene (PS-NH2). We followed a tiered approach using well-developed standard operating procedures (SOPs) and sharing the same cells, serum and nanoparticles. We started with determination of the cell growth rate (tier 1), followed by a method transfer phase, in which all laboratories performed the first ILC on the MTS assay (tier 2). Based on the outcome of tier 2 and a survey of laboratory practices, specific training was organized, and the MTS assay SOP was refined. This led to largely improved intra- and inter-laboratory reproducibility in tier 3. In addition, we confirmed that PS-COOH and PS-NH2 are suitable negative and positive control nanoparticles, respectively, to evaluate impact of nanomaterials on cell viability using the MTS assay. Overall, we have demonstrated that the tiered process followed here, with the use of SOPs and representative control nanomaterials, is necessary and makes it possible to achieve good inter-laboratory reproducibility, and therefore high-quality nanotoxicological data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inge Nelissen
- Health Department, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium; (A.J.); (H.W.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +32-14-335107
| | - Andrea Haase
- Department of Chemicals and Product Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Max-Dohrn-Strasse 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany; (A.H.); (C.R.); (A.L.)
| | - Sergio Anguissola
- Centre for BioNano Interactions, University College Dublin (UCD), Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland; (S.A.); (L.R.); (A.S.); (K.A.D.)
- Charles River Laboratories, Carrowntreila, Ballina, Co. Mayo, Ireland
| | - Louise Rocks
- Centre for BioNano Interactions, University College Dublin (UCD), Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland; (S.A.); (L.R.); (A.S.); (K.A.D.)
- Science Foundation Ireland, Three Park Place, Hatch Street Upper, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - An Jacobs
- Health Department, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium; (A.J.); (H.W.)
| | - Hanny Willems
- Health Department, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium; (A.J.); (H.W.)
| | - Christian Riebeling
- Department of Chemicals and Product Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Max-Dohrn-Strasse 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany; (A.H.); (C.R.); (A.L.)
| | - Andreas Luch
- Department of Chemicals and Product Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Max-Dohrn-Strasse 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany; (A.H.); (C.R.); (A.L.)
| | - Jean-Pascal Piret
- Research Unit in Cellular Biology (URBC), Namur Nanosafety Center (NNC), Namur Research Institute for Life Sciences (NARILIS), University of Namur (UNamur), rue de Bruxelles 61, 5000 Namur, Belgium;
| | - Olivier Toussaint
- Research Unit in Cellular Biology (URBC), Namur Nanosafety Center (NNC), Namur Research Institute for Life Sciences (NARILIS), University of Namur (UNamur), rue de Bruxelles 61, 5000 Namur, Belgium;
| | - Bénédicte Trouiller
- Experimental Toxicology Unit, Institut National de l’Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), Parc Alata, BP2, 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France; (B.T.); (G.L.)
| | - Ghislaine Lacroix
- Experimental Toxicology Unit, Institut National de l’Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), Parc Alata, BP2, 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France; (B.T.); (G.L.)
| | - Arno C. Gutleb
- Environmental Research and Innovation (ERIN) Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), 41, rue du Brill, L-4422 Belvaux, Luxembourg; (A.C.G.); (S.C.)
| | - Servane Contal
- Environmental Research and Innovation (ERIN) Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), 41, rue du Brill, L-4422 Belvaux, Luxembourg; (A.C.G.); (S.C.)
| | - Silvia Diabaté
- Institute of Toxicology and Genetics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany; (S.D.); (C.W.)
| | - Carsten Weiss
- Institute of Toxicology and Genetics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany; (S.D.); (C.W.)
| | - Tamara Lozano-Fernández
- Biomedical Research Center (CINBIO), University of Vigo, Campus Lagoas Marcosende, 36310 Vigo, Spain; (T.L.-F.); (Ã.G.-F.)
- Nanoimmunotech SL, Edificio CITEXVI Fonte das Abelleiras s/n, Campus Universitario de Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Pontevedra, Spain
| | - África González-Fernández
- Biomedical Research Center (CINBIO), University of Vigo, Campus Lagoas Marcosende, 36310 Vigo, Spain; (T.L.-F.); (Ã.G.-F.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Galicia Sur (IISGS), Hospital Álvaro Cunqueiro, Estrada Clara Campoamor 341, Babio – Beade, 36312 Vigo, Spain
| | - Maria Dusinska
- Health Effects Laboratory, Department of Environmental Chemistry, Norwegian Institute for Air Research (NILU), Instituttveien 18, 2007 Kjeller, Norway; (M.D.); (A.H.)
| | - Anna Huk
- Health Effects Laboratory, Department of Environmental Chemistry, Norwegian Institute for Air Research (NILU), Instituttveien 18, 2007 Kjeller, Norway; (M.D.); (A.H.)
- Gentian Diagnostics AS, Bjørnåsveien 5, 1596 Moss, Norway
| | - Vicki Stone
- School of Life Sciences, Heriot-Watt University (HWU), Riccarton Campus, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, UK; (V.S.); (N.K.)
| | - Nilesh Kanase
- School of Life Sciences, Heriot-Watt University (HWU), Riccarton Campus, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, UK; (V.S.); (N.K.)
| | - Marek Nocuń
- Department of Toxicology and Carcinogenesis, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine (NIOM), 91-348 Łódź, Poland; (M.N.); (M.S.)
- SEQme s.r.o., Dlouha 176, 26301 Dobris, Czech Republic
| | - Maciej Stępnik
- Department of Toxicology and Carcinogenesis, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine (NIOM), 91-348 Łódź, Poland; (M.N.); (M.S.)
| | - Stefania Meschini
- National Center for Drug Research and Evaluation and National Center of Innovative Technologies for Public Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità (ISS), Viale Regina Elena, 299 Rome, Italy; (S.M.); (M.G.A.)
| | - Maria Grazia Ammendolia
- National Center for Drug Research and Evaluation and National Center of Innovative Technologies for Public Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità (ISS), Viale Regina Elena, 299 Rome, Italy; (S.M.); (M.G.A.)
| | - Nastassja Lewinski
- Institute for Work and Health (IST), University of Lausanne and University of Geneva, Route de la Corniche 2, 1066 Epalinges-Lausanne, Switzerland; (N.L.); (M.R.)
- Department of Chemical and Life Science Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, USA
| | - Michael Riediker
- Institute for Work and Health (IST), University of Lausanne and University of Geneva, Route de la Corniche 2, 1066 Epalinges-Lausanne, Switzerland; (N.L.); (M.R.)
- Swiss Centre for Occupational and Environmental Health (SCOEH), Binzhofstrasse 87, 8404 Winterthur, Switzerland
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Block N4.1, Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Marco Venturini
- ECAMRICERT SRL, European Center for the Sustainable Impact of Nanotechnology (ECSIN), Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127 Padova, Italy; (M.V.); (F.B.)
| | - Federico Benetti
- ECAMRICERT SRL, European Center for the Sustainable Impact of Nanotechnology (ECSIN), Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127 Padova, Italy; (M.V.); (F.B.)
| | - Jan Topinka
- Institute of Experimental Medicine (IEM), Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 14220 Prague 4, Czech Republic; (J.T.); (T.B.)
| | - Tana Brzicova
- Institute of Experimental Medicine (IEM), Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 14220 Prague 4, Czech Republic; (J.T.); (T.B.)
- Faculty of Safety Engineering, VSB-Technical University of Ostrava, Lumirova 13, 70030 Ostrava-Vyskovice, Czech Republic
| | - Silvia Milani
- Faculty of Physics and Center for NanoScience, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Geshwister-Scholl-Platz 1, 80539 Munich, Germany; (S.M.); (J.R.)
| | - Joachim Rädler
- Faculty of Physics and Center for NanoScience, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Geshwister-Scholl-Platz 1, 80539 Munich, Germany; (S.M.); (J.R.)
| | - Anna Salvati
- Centre for BioNano Interactions, University College Dublin (UCD), Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland; (S.A.); (L.R.); (A.S.); (K.A.D.)
- Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, A. Deusinglaan 1, 9713AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Kenneth A. Dawson
- Centre for BioNano Interactions, University College Dublin (UCD), Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland; (S.A.); (L.R.); (A.S.); (K.A.D.)
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19
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Kubo AL, Vasiliev G, Vija H, Krishtal J, Tõugu V, Visnapuu M, Kisand V, Kahru A, Bondarenko OM. Surface carboxylation or PEGylation decreases CuO nanoparticles' cytotoxicity to human cells in vitro without compromising their antibacterial properties. Arch Toxicol 2020; 94:1561-1573. [PMID: 32253467 PMCID: PMC7261733 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-020-02720-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Clinical use of CuO nanoparticles (NPs) as antibacterials can be hampered by their toxicity to human cells. We hypothesized that certain surface functionalizations of CuO NPs may render NPs toxic to bacteria, but still be relatively harmless to human cells. To control this hypothesis, the toxicity of differently functionalized CuO NPs to bacteria Escherichia coli vs human cells (THP-1 macrophages and HACAT keratinocytes) was compared using similar conditions and end points. CuO NPs functionalized with polyethylene glycol (CuO-PEG), carboxyl (CuO-COOH, anionic), ammonium (CuO-NH4+, cationic) and unfunctionalized CuO NPs and CuSO4 (controls) were tested. In general, the toxicity of Cu compounds decreased in the following order: CuO-NH4+ > unfunctionalized CuO > CuSO4 > CuO-COOH > CuO-PEG. Positively charged unfunctionalized CuO and especially CuO-NH4+ proved most toxic (24-h EC50 = 21.7-47 mg/l) and had comparable toxicity to bacterial and mammalian cells. The multivariate analysis revealed that toxicity of these NPs was mostly attributed to their positive zeta potential, small hydrodynamic size, high Cu dissolution, and induction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and TNF-α. In contrast, CuO-COOH and CuO-PEG NPs had lower toxicity to human cells compared to bacteria despite efficient uptake of these NPs by human cells. In addition, these NPs did not induce TNF-α and ROS. Thus, by varying the NP functionalization and Cu form (soluble salt vs NPs), it was possible to "target" the toxicity of Cu compounds, whereas carboxylation and PEGylation rendered CuO NPs that were more toxic to bacteria than to human cells envisaging their use in medical antibacterial products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna-Liisa Kubo
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Akadeemia tee 23, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Grigory Vasiliev
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Akadeemia tee 23, Tallinn, Estonia
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Science, TalTech, Akadeemia tee 15, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Heiki Vija
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Akadeemia tee 23, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Jekaterina Krishtal
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Science, TalTech, Akadeemia tee 15, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Vello Tõugu
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Science, TalTech, Akadeemia tee 15, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Meeri Visnapuu
- Institute of Physics, University of Tartu, W. Ostwaldi 1, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Vambola Kisand
- Institute of Physics, University of Tartu, W. Ostwaldi 1, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Anne Kahru
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Akadeemia tee 23, Tallinn, Estonia.
- Estonian Academy of Sciences, Kohtu 6, Tallinn, Estonia.
| | - Olesja M Bondarenko
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Akadeemia tee 23, Tallinn, Estonia.
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20
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Daryabari SS, Fathi M, Mahdavi M, Moaddab Y, Hosseinpour Feizi MA, Shokoohi B, Safaralizadeh R. Overexpression of CFL1 in gastric cancer and the effects of its silencing by siRNA with a nanoparticle delivery system in the gastric cancer cell line. J Cell Physiol 2020; 235:6660-6672. [PMID: 31990066 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Gastric adenocarcinoma, like other cancers, is a multifactorial genetic disease, and metastasis of cancer cells is one of the main features of this illness. The expression levels of the CFL1 gene have been modulated in this pathway. Using small interfering RNA (siRNA) in the treatment of gastric cancer is considered a hopeful gene therapeutic approach. The present study reported the level of CFL1 genes between tumor and margin and healthy tissue of gastric cancer. Also, the features of a cationic nanoparticle with a polymer coating containing polyacrylic acid and polyethyleneimine that were used in the delivery of CFL1 siRNA, were shown. Then the cytotoxicity, cellular uptake, and gene silencing efficiency of this nanoparticle were evaluated with CFL1siRNA. METHOD In this study, the CFL1 gene expression was measured in 40 gastric adenocarcinoma, marginal and 15 healthy biopsy samples by a real-time polymerase chain reaction. Physicochemical characteristics, apoptosis, and inhibition of migration of the delivery of CFL1 siRNA by nanoparticle and lipofectamine were investigated in gastric cancer cells. RESULT The CFL1 expression was remarkably increased in gastric cancer tissues in comparison with the marginal samples and normal tissues (p < .05) and the biomarker index for CFL1 was obtained as 0.94, then this gene can be probably used as a biomarker for gastric cancer. After treatment of the AGS cell line by CFL1 siRNA, the CFL1 expression level of mRNA and migration in AGS cells were remarkably suppressed after transfection. Furthermore, the amount of apoptosis increased (p < .05). CONCLUSION Our results demonstrated that CFL1 downregulation in AGS cells can interdict cell migration. Finally, our outcomes propose that CFL1 can function as an oncogenic gene in gastric cancer and would be considered as a potential purpose of gene therapy for gastric cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marziyeh Fathi
- Research Center for Pharmaceuticals Nanotechnology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Majid Mahdavi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Science, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Yaghoub Moaddab
- Liver and Gastroenterology Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Behrouz Shokoohi
- Pathology Department, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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21
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Petersen EJ, Hirsch C, Elliott JT, Krug HF, Aengenheister L, Arif AT, Bogni A, Kinsner-Ovaskainen A, May S, Walser T, Wick P, Roesslein M. Cause-and-Effect Analysis as a Tool To Improve the Reproducibility of Nanobioassays: Four Case Studies. Chem Res Toxicol 2019; 33:1039-1054. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.9b00165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elijah J. Petersen
- Biosystems and Biomaterials Division, Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Cordula Hirsch
- Particles-Biology Interactions Laboratory, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Material Science and Technology, CH-9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - John T. Elliott
- Biosystems and Biomaterials Division, Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Harald F. Krug
- NanoCASE GmbH, St. Gallerstr. 58, 9032 Engelburg, Switzerland
| | - Leonie Aengenheister
- Particles-Biology Interactions Laboratory, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Material Science and Technology, CH-9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Ali Talib Arif
- Institute for Infection Prevention and Hospital Epidemiology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, D-79106 Freiburg, Germany
- Kurdistan Institution for Strategic Studies and Scientific Research (KISSR), Qirga, Sulaimani, Iraq
| | - Alessia Bogni
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), 21027 Ispra, Italy
| | | | - Sarah May
- Particles-Biology Interactions Laboratory, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Material Science and Technology, CH-9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | | | - Peter Wick
- Particles-Biology Interactions Laboratory, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Material Science and Technology, CH-9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Roesslein
- Particles-Biology Interactions Laboratory, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Material Science and Technology, CH-9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
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22
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Leibe R, Hsiao IL, Fritsch-Decker S, Kielmeier U, Wagbo AM, Voss B, Schmidt A, Hessman SD, Duschl A, Oostingh GJ, Diabaté S, Weiss C. The protein corona suppresses the cytotoxic and pro-inflammatory response in lung epithelial cells and macrophages upon exposure to nanosilica. Arch Toxicol 2019; 93:871-885. [DOI: 10.1007/s00204-019-02422-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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23
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Boyles MSP, Brown D, Knox J, Horobin M, Miller MR, Johnston HJ, Stone V. Assessing the bioactivity of crystalline silica in heated high-temperature insulation wools. Inhal Toxicol 2018; 30:255-272. [PMID: 30328741 PMCID: PMC6334780 DOI: 10.1080/08958378.2018.1513610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
High-Temperature Insulation Wools (HTIW), such as alumino silicate wools (Refractory Ceramic Fibers) and Alkaline Earth Silicate wools, are used in high-temperature industries for thermal insulation. These materials have an amorphous glass-like structure. In some applications, exposure to high temperatures causes devitrification resulting in the formation of crystalline species including crystalline silica. The formation of this potentially carcinogenic material raises safety concerns regarding after-use handling and disposal. This study aims to determine whether cristobalite formed in HTIW is bioactive in vitro. Mouse macrophage (J774A.1) and human alveolar epithelial (A549) cell lines were exposed to pristine HTIW of different compositions, and corresponding heat-treated samples. Cell death, cytokine release, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation were assessed in both cell types. Cell responses to aluminum lactate-coated fibers were assessed to determine if responses were caused by crystalline silica. DQ12 α-quartz was used as positive control, and TiO2 as negative control. HTIW did not induce cell death or intracellular ROS, and their ability to induce pro-inflammatory mediator release was low. In contrast, DQ12 induced cytotoxicity, a strong pro-inflammatory response and ROS generation. The modest pro-inflammatory mediator responses of HTIW did not always coincide with the formation of cristobalite in heated fibers; therefore, we cannot confirm that devitrification of HTIW results in bioactive cristobalite in vitro. In conclusion, the biological responses to HTIW observed were not attributable to a single physicochemical characteristic; instead, a combination of physicochemical characteristics (cristobalite content, fiber chemistry, dimensions and material solubility) appear to contribute to induction of cellular responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew S P Boyles
- a Nano Safety Research Group, School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Institute of Biological Chemistry, Biophysics and Bioengineering, Heriot-Watt University , Edinburgh , UK
| | - David Brown
- a Nano Safety Research Group, School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Institute of Biological Chemistry, Biophysics and Bioengineering, Heriot-Watt University , Edinburgh , UK
| | - Jilly Knox
- b Morgan Advanced Materials, Thermal Ceramics , Bromborough, UK
| | - Michael Horobin
- b Morgan Advanced Materials, Thermal Ceramics , Bromborough, UK
| | - Mark R Miller
- c Centre for Cardiovascular Science , University of Edinburgh , Edinburgh , UK
| | - Helinor J Johnston
- a Nano Safety Research Group, School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Institute of Biological Chemistry, Biophysics and Bioengineering, Heriot-Watt University , Edinburgh , UK
| | - Vicki Stone
- a Nano Safety Research Group, School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Institute of Biological Chemistry, Biophysics and Bioengineering, Heriot-Watt University , Edinburgh , UK
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24
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Hanna SK, Bustos AM, Peterson AW, Reipa V, Scanlan LD, Coskun SH, Cho TJ, Johnson ME, Hackley VA, Nelson BC, Winchester MR, Elliott JT, Petersen EJ. Agglomeration of Escherichia coli with Positively Charged Nanoparticles Can Lead to Artifacts in a Standard Caenorhabditis elegans Toxicity Assay. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2018; 52:5968-5978. [PMID: 29672024 PMCID: PMC6081640 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b06099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The increased use and incorporation of engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) in consumer products requires a robust assessment of their potential environmental implications. However, a lack of standardized methods for nanotoxicity testing has yielded results that are sometimes contradictory. Standard ecotoxicity assays may work appropriately for some ENPs with minimal modification but produce artifactual results for others. Therefore, understanding the robustness of assays for a range of ENPs is critical. In this study, we evaluated the performance of a standard Caenorhabditis elegans ( C. elegans) toxicity assay containing an Escherichia coli ( E. coli) food supply with silicon, polystyrene, and gold ENPs with different charged coatings and sizes. Of all the ENPs tested, only those with a positively charged coating caused growth inhibition. However, the positively charged ENPs were observed to heteroagglomerate with E. coli cells, suggesting that the ENPs impacted the ability of nematodes to feed, leading to a false positive toxic effect on C. elegans growth and reproduction. When the ENPs were tested in two alternate C. elegans assays that did not contain E. coli, we found greatly reduced toxicity of ENPs. This study illustrates a key unexpected artifact that may occur during nanotoxicity assays.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Antonio Montoro Bustos
- Materials Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-8313
| | - Alexander W. Peterson
- Materials Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-8313
| | - Vytas Reipa
- Materials Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-8313
| | | | - Sanem Hosbas Coskun
- Materials Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-8313
| | - Tae Joon Cho
- Materials Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-8313
| | - Monique E. Johnson
- Materials Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-8313
| | - Vincent A. Hackley
- Materials Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-8313
| | - Bryant C. Nelson
- Materials Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-8313
| | - Michael R. Winchester
- Materials Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-8313
| | - John T. Elliott
- Materials Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-8313
| | - Elijah J. Petersen
- Materials Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-8313
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25
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Intelligent testing strategy and analytical techniques for the safety assessment of nanomaterials. Anal Bioanal Chem 2018; 410:6051-6066. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-018-0940-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Revised: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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26
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Qiu TA, Clement PL, Haynes CL. Linking nanomaterial properties to biological outcomes: analytical chemistry challenges in nanotoxicology for the next decade. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:12787-12803. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cc06473c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
This article provides our perspective on the analytical challenges in nanotoxicology as the field is entering its third decade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian A. Qiu
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Minnesota
- Minneapolis
- USA
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27
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Netzer K, Jordakieva G, Girard AM, Budinsky AC, Pilger A, Richter L, Kataeva N, Schotter J, Godnic-Cvar J, Ertl P. Next-Generation Magnetic Nanocomposites: Cytotoxic and Genotoxic Effects of Coated and Uncoated Ferric Cobalt Boron (FeCoB) Nanoparticles In Vitro. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2017; 122:355-363. [PMID: 28990335 DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.12918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Metal nanoparticles (NPs) have unique physicochemical properties and a widespread application scope depending on their composition and surface characteristics. Potential biomedical applications and the growing diversity of novel nanocomposites highlight the need for toxicological hazard assessment of next-generation magnetic nanomaterials. Our study aimed to evaluate the cytotoxic and genotoxic properties of coated and uncoated ferric cobalt boron (FeCoB) NPs (5-15 nm particle size) in cultured normal human dermal fibroblasts. Cell proliferation was assessed via ATP bioluminescence kit, and DNA breakage and chromosomal damage were measured by alkaline comet assay and micronucleus test. Polyacryl acid-coated FeCoB NPs [polyacrylic acid (PAA)-FeCoB NPs) and uncoated FeCoB NPs inhibited cell proliferation at 10 μg/ml. DNA strand breaks were significantly increased by PAA-coated FeCoB NPs, uncoated FeCoB NPs and l-cysteine-coated FeCoB NPs (Cys-FeCoB NPs), although high concentrations (10 μg/ml) of coated NPs (Cys- and PAA-FeCoB NPs) showed significantly more DNA breakage when compared to uncoated ones. Uncoated FeCoB NPs and coated NPs (PAA-FeCoB NPs) also induced the formation of micronuclei. Additionally, PAA-coated NPs and uncoated FeCoB NPs showed a negative correlation between cell proliferation and DNA strand breaks, suggesting a common pathomechanism, possibly by oxidation-induced DNA damage. We conclude that uncoated FeCoB NPs are cytotoxic and genotoxic at in vitro conditions. Surface coating of FeCoB NPs with Cys and PAA does not prevent but rather aggravates DNA damage. Further safety assessment and a well-considered choice of surface coating are needed prior to application of FeCoB nanocomposites in biomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Netzer
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Galateja Jordakieva
- Department of Physical Medicine, Rehabilitation and Occupational Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Angelika M Girard
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Institute of Occupational Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Alexandra C Budinsky
- Department of Physical Medicine, Rehabilitation and Occupational Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Alexander Pilger
- Department of Physical Medicine, Rehabilitation and Occupational Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Lukas Richter
- Strategy and Innovation Technology Centre In-Vitro DX & Bioscience, Siemens Healthcare GmbH, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Nadezhda Kataeva
- Centre for Health& Bioresources, Molecular Diagnostics, AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Vienna, Austria
| | - Joerg Schotter
- Centre for Health& Bioresources, Molecular Diagnostics, AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jasminka Godnic-Cvar
- Department of Physical Medicine, Rehabilitation and Occupational Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Peter Ertl
- Faculty of Technical Chemistry, Vienna University of Technology, Vienna, Austria
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28
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Microscopy-based high-throughput assays enable multi-parametric analysis to assess adverse effects of nanomaterials in various cell lines. Arch Toxicol 2017; 92:633-649. [DOI: 10.1007/s00204-017-2106-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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