1
|
Wang J, Shen Y, Sheng X, Yu H, Song M, Wang Q, Gu H. Unravelling Glucoraphanin and Glucoerucin Metabolism across Broccoli Sprout Development: Insights from Metabolite and Transcriptome Analysis. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:750. [PMID: 38592746 PMCID: PMC10976094 DOI: 10.3390/plants13060750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Variations in the concentration of glucoraphanin (GRA) and glucoerucin (GER), as well as the corresponding breakdown products, isothiocyanates (ITCs) and nitriles, were investigated during the growth of broccoli sprouts. The concentrations of GRA and GER decreased sharply from 33.66 µmol/g to 11.48 µmol/g and 12.98 µmol/g to 8.23 µmol/g, respectively, after seed germination. From the third to the seventh day, both GRA and GER were maintained as relatively stable. The highest concentrations of sulforaphane (17.16 µmol/g) and erucin (12.26 µmol/g) were observed on the first day. Hereafter, the concentrations of nitrile hydrolyzed from GRA or GER were higher than those of the corresponding ITCs. Moreover, the ratio of sulforaphane to sulforaphane nitrile decreased from 1.35 to 0.164 from 1 d to 5 d, with a similar trend exhibited for erucin/erucin nitrile after 2 d. RNA-seq analysis showed that BolMYB28 and BolCYP83A1, involved in aliphatic glucosinolate (GSL) biosynthesis, remained largely unexpressed until the third day. In contrast, the genes operating within the GSL-myrosinase hydrolysis pathway were highly expressed right from the beginning, with their expression levels increasing significantly after the third day. Additionally, we identified two BolESPs and six BolNSPs that might play important roles in promoting the production of nitriles during the development of broccoli sprouts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiansheng Wang
- Institute of Vegetables, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (J.W.); (Y.S.); (X.S.); (H.Y.); (M.S.)
| | - Yusen Shen
- Institute of Vegetables, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (J.W.); (Y.S.); (X.S.); (H.Y.); (M.S.)
| | - Xiaoguang Sheng
- Institute of Vegetables, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (J.W.); (Y.S.); (X.S.); (H.Y.); (M.S.)
| | - Huifang Yu
- Institute of Vegetables, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (J.W.); (Y.S.); (X.S.); (H.Y.); (M.S.)
| | - Mengfei Song
- Institute of Vegetables, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (J.W.); (Y.S.); (X.S.); (H.Y.); (M.S.)
| | - Qiaomei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China;
| | - Honghui Gu
- Institute of Vegetables, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (J.W.); (Y.S.); (X.S.); (H.Y.); (M.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
A Novel Composite of Zinc-based Metal Organic Framework Embedded with SnO 2 Nanoparticle as a Photocatalyst for Methylene Blue Dye Degradation as well as Fluorometric Probe for Nitroaromatic Compounds Detection. J Fluoresc 2023; 33:613-629. [PMID: 36469207 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-022-03055-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
A facile bottom up synthesis technique is opted for the preparation of novel composite SnO2@Zn-BTC. This synthesized composite is fully characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy, Powder X-Ray Diffraction (PXRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDS), and Elemental mapping techniques. Optical analysis was performed using UV-Visible absorption spectroscopy and fluorescence studies. Further this composite was utilized for the first time as a photocatalyst for methylene blue (MB) dye degradation under sunlight irradiation. This photocatalyst shows degradation efficiency of 89% within 100 min of exposure of sunlight. In addition to that, the synthesized composite can be utilized as a fluorescence probe for detection of NACs via 'turn-off" quenching response. This composite is extremely sensitive towards 3-NA in aqueous medium with quenching efficiency of 75.42%, which is highest quenching rate till reported. There occurs no interference for detecting 3-NA in the presence of other NACs. The linear fitting of the Stern-Volmer plot for 3-NA shows large quenching constant (KSV) of 0.0115 ppb-1 with correlation coefficient R2 = 0.9943 proves higher sensitivity of composite in sensing process. The outstanding sensitivity of composite for 3-NA is certified by the low detection limit (LOD) of 25 ppb (0.18 µM). Photoinduced Electron Transfer (PET) and Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) are the mechanisms used for clarification of quenching response of PL intensity by NACs via density functional theory (DFT) calculations and extent spectral overlap, respectively. Hence, synthesized composite is verified as multi-component system to act as excellent photocatalyst as well as fluorescent sensor.
Collapse
|
3
|
Kamal RM, Abdull Razis AF, Mohd Sukri NS, Perimal EK, Ahmad H, Patrick R, Djedaini-Pilard F, Mazzon E, Rigaud S. Beneficial Health Effects of Glucosinolates-Derived Isothiocyanates on Cardiovascular and Neurodegenerative Diseases. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27030624. [PMID: 35163897 PMCID: PMC8838317 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27030624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are illnesses that affect the nervous system and heart, all of which are vital to the human body. To maintain health of the human body, vegetable diets serve as a preventive approach and particularly Brassica vegetables have been associated with lower risks of chronic diseases, especially NDDs and CVDs. Interestingly, glucosinolates (GLs) and isothiocyanates (ITCs) are phytochemicals that are mostly found in the Cruciferae family and they have been largely documented as antioxidants contributing to both cardio- and neuroprotective effects. The hydrolytic breakdown of GLs into ITCs such as sulforaphane (SFN), phenylethyl ITC (PEITC), moringin (MG), erucin (ER), and allyl ITC (AITC) has been recognized to exert significant effects with regards to cardio- and neuroprotection. From past in vivo and/or in vitro studies, those phytochemicals have displayed the ability to mitigate the adverse effects of reactive oxidation species (ROS), inflammation, and apoptosis, which are the primary causes of CVDs and NDDs. This review focuses on the protective effects of those GL-derived ITCs, featuring their beneficial effects and the mechanisms behind those effects in CVDs and NDDs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ramla Muhammad Kamal
- Natural Medicines and Products Research Laboratory, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia;
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University Dutse, Dutse 720101, Jigawa State, Nigeria
| | - Ahmad Faizal Abdull Razis
- Natural Medicines and Products Research Laboratory, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia;
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
- Correspondence:
| | - Nurul Syafuhah Mohd Sukri
- Faculty of Applied Science and Technology, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Batu Pahat 86400, Johor, Malaysia;
| | - Enoch Kumar Perimal
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia;
| | - Hafandi Ahmad
- Department of Veterinary Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia;
| | - Rollin Patrick
- Université d’Orléans et CNRS, ICOA, UMR 7311, BP 6759, CEDEX 02, F-45067 Orléans, France;
| | - Florence Djedaini-Pilard
- LG2A UMR 7378, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, 33 rue Saint Leu—UFR des Sciences, F-80000 Amiens, France; (F.D.-P.); (S.R.)
| | - Emanuela Mazzon
- Laboratorio di Neurologia Sperimentale, IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino Pulejo", 98124 Messina, Italy;
| | - Sébastien Rigaud
- LG2A UMR 7378, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, 33 rue Saint Leu—UFR des Sciences, F-80000 Amiens, France; (F.D.-P.); (S.R.)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Martins T, Oliveira PA, Pires MJ, Neuparth MJ, Lanzarin G, Félix L, Venâncio C, Pinto MDL, Ferreira J, Gaivão I, Barros AI, Rosa E, Antunes LM. Effect of a Sub-Chronic Oral Exposure of Broccoli ( Brassica oleracea L. Var. Italica) By-Products Flour on the Physiological Parameters of FVB/N Mice: A Pilot Study. Foods 2022; 11:foods11010120. [PMID: 35010245 PMCID: PMC8750293 DOI: 10.3390/foods11010120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Brassica by-products are a source of natural bioactive molecules such as glucosinolates and isothiocyanates, with potential applications in the nutraceutical and functional food industries. However, the effects of oral sub-chronic exposure to broccoli by-product flour (BF) have not yet been evaluated. The objective of this pilot study was to analyse the effects of BF intake in the physiological parameters of FVB/N mice fed a 6.7% BF-supplemented diet for 21 days. Glucosinolates and their derivatives were also quantified in plasma and urine. BF supplementation significantly decreased (p < 0.05) the accumulation of perirenal adipose tissue. Furthermore, mice supplemented with BF showed significantly lower (p < 0.01) microhematocrit values than control animals, but no impact on the general genotoxicological status nor relevant toxic effects on the liver and kidney were observed. Concerning hepatic and renal antioxidant response, BF supplementation induced a significant increase (p < 0.05) in the liver glutathione S-transferase (GST) levels. In BF-supplemented mice, plasma analysis revealed the presence of the glucosinolates glucobrassicin and glucoerucin, and the isothiocyanates sulforaphane and indole-3-carbinol. Overall, these results show that daily intake of a high dose of BF during three weeks is safe, and enables the bioavailability of beneficial glucosinolates and isothiocyanates. These results allow further testing of the benefits of this BF in animal models of disease, knowing that exposure of up to 6.7% BF does not present relevant toxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tânia Martins
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (P.A.O.); (M.J.P.); (G.L.); (L.F.); (C.V.); (J.F.); (A.I.B.); (E.R.); (L.M.A.)
- Inov4Agro—Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, School of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal;
- Correspondence:
| | - Paula Alexandra Oliveira
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (P.A.O.); (M.J.P.); (G.L.); (L.F.); (C.V.); (J.F.); (A.I.B.); (E.R.); (L.M.A.)
- Inov4Agro—Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, School of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal;
| | - Maria João Pires
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (P.A.O.); (M.J.P.); (G.L.); (L.F.); (C.V.); (J.F.); (A.I.B.); (E.R.); (L.M.A.)
- Inov4Agro—Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, School of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal;
| | - Maria João Neuparth
- Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Faculty of Sports, University of Porto, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal;
- CEBIMED, Faculty of Health Sciences, Fernando Pessoa University, 4249-004 Porto, Portugal
| | - Germano Lanzarin
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (P.A.O.); (M.J.P.); (G.L.); (L.F.); (C.V.); (J.F.); (A.I.B.); (E.R.); (L.M.A.)
- Inov4Agro—Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Luís Félix
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (P.A.O.); (M.J.P.); (G.L.); (L.F.); (C.V.); (J.F.); (A.I.B.); (E.R.); (L.M.A.)
- Inov4Agro—Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), Laboratory Animal Science (LAS), Instituto de Biologia Molecular Celular (IBMC), Universidade do Porto (UP), 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Carlos Venâncio
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (P.A.O.); (M.J.P.); (G.L.); (L.F.); (C.V.); (J.F.); (A.I.B.); (E.R.); (L.M.A.)
- Inov4Agro—Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Department of Animal Sciences, School of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Maria de Lurdes Pinto
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, School of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal;
- Animal and Veterinary Research Center (CECAV), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal;
| | - João Ferreira
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (P.A.O.); (M.J.P.); (G.L.); (L.F.); (C.V.); (J.F.); (A.I.B.); (E.R.); (L.M.A.)
- Inov4Agro—Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Animal and Veterinary Research Center (CECAV), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal;
| | - Isabel Gaivão
- Animal and Veterinary Research Center (CECAV), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal;
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Ana Isabel Barros
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (P.A.O.); (M.J.P.); (G.L.); (L.F.); (C.V.); (J.F.); (A.I.B.); (E.R.); (L.M.A.)
- Inov4Agro—Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Eduardo Rosa
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (P.A.O.); (M.J.P.); (G.L.); (L.F.); (C.V.); (J.F.); (A.I.B.); (E.R.); (L.M.A.)
- Inov4Agro—Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Luís Miguel Antunes
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (P.A.O.); (M.J.P.); (G.L.); (L.F.); (C.V.); (J.F.); (A.I.B.); (E.R.); (L.M.A.)
- Inov4Agro—Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, School of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal;
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Current Methods for the Extraction and Analysis of Isothiocyanates and Indoles in Cruciferous Vegetables. ANALYTICA 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/analytica2040011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cruciferous vegetables are characterized by the presence of sulfur-containing secondary plant metabolites known as glucosinolates (GLS). The consumption of cruciferous vegetables such as broccoli, cabbage, rocket salad, and cauliflower has been related to the prevention of non-communicable diseases. Their beneficial effects are attributed to the enzymatic degradation products of GLS, e.g., isothiocyanates and indoles. Owing to these properties, there has been a shift in the last few years towards the research of these compounds and a wide range of methods for their extraction and analytical determination have been developed. The aim of this review is to present the sample preparation and extraction procedures of isothiocyanates and indoles from cruciferous vegetables and the analytical methods for their determination. The majority of the references that have been reviewed are from the last decade. Although efforts towards the application of eco-friendly non-conventional extraction methods have been made, the use of conventional solvent extraction is mainly applied. The major analytical techniques employed for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of isothiocyanates and indoles are high-performance liquid chromatography and gas chromatography coupled with or without mass spectrometry detection. Nevertheless, the analytical determination of isothiocyanates presents several problems due to their instability and the absence of chromophores, making the simultaneous determination of isothiocyanates and indoles a challenging task.
Collapse
|
6
|
Gu HF, Mao XY, Du M. Metabolism, absorption, and anti-cancer effects of sulforaphane: an update. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 62:3437-3452. [PMID: 33393366 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1865871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is one of the most devastating diseases, and recently, a variety of natural compounds with preventive effects on cancer developments have been reported. Sulforaphane (SFN) is a potent anti-cancer isothiocyanate originating from Brassica oleracea (broccoli). SFN, mainly metabolized via mercapturic acid pathway, has high bioavailability and absorption. The present reviews mainly discussed the metabolism and absorption of SFN and newly discovered mechanistic understanding recent years for SFN's anti-cancer effects including promoting autophagy, inducing epigenetic modifications, suppressing glycolysis and fat metabolism. Moreover, its inhibitory effects on cancer stem cells and synergetic effects with other anti-cancer agents are also reviewed along with the clinical trials in this realm.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Feng Gu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education; College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xue-Ying Mao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education; College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Min Du
- Department of Animal Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Measuring Sulforaphane and Its Metabolites in Human Plasma: A High Throughput Method. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25040829. [PMID: 32070059 PMCID: PMC7070302 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25040829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: There is increasing understanding of the potential health benefits of cruciferous vegetables. In particular sulforaphane (SFN), found in broccoli, and its metabolites sulforaphane-glutathione (SFN-GSH), sulforaphane-cysteine (SFN-Cys), sulforaphane cysteine-glycine (SFN-CG) and sulforaphane-N-acetyl-cysteine (SFN-NAC) have potent antioxidant effects that may offer therapeutic value. Clinical investigation of sulforaphane as a therapeutic antioxidant requires a sensitive and high throughput process for quantification of sulforaphane and metabolites; (2) Methods: We collected plasma samples from healthy human volunteers before and for eight hours after consumption of a commercial broccoli extract supplement rich in sulforaphane. A rapid and sensitive method for quantification of sulforaphane and its metabolites in human plasma using Liquid Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (LC–MS) has been developed; (3) Results: The LC–MS analytical method was validated at concentrations ranging between 3.9 nM and 1000 nM for SFN-GSH, SFN-CG, SFN-Cys and SFN-NAC and between 7.8 nM and 1000 nM in human plasma for SFN. The method displayed good accuracy (1.85%–14.8% bias) and reproducibility (below 9.53 %RSD) including low concentrations 3.9 nM and 7.8 nM. Four SFN metabolites quantitation was achieved using external standard calibration and in SFN quantitation, SFN-d8 internal standardization was used. The reported method can accurately quantify sulforaphane and its metabolites at low concentrations in plasma; (4) Conclusions: We have established a time- and cost-efficient method of measuring sulforaphane and its metabolites in human plasma suitable for high throughput application to clinical trials.
Collapse
|
8
|
Sun J, Charron CS, Novotny JA, Peng B, Yu L, Chen P. Profiling glucosinolate metabolites in human urine and plasma after broccoli consumption using non-targeted and targeted metabolomic analyses. Food Chem 2019; 309:125660. [PMID: 31670121 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.125660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Broccoli is a popular brassica vegetable and its consumption may decrease the occurrence of cancer in certain populations. To gain insight into the metabolites that may induce physiological responses to broccoli intake, a non-targeted metabolomic approach and a targeted approach for analysis of glucosinolate metabolites were developed using high resolution accurate mass spectrometry. A human study was conducted in which 6 subjects consumed a single meal of 200 g of uncooked broccoli florets. The metabolomic analysis revealed changes in endogenous metabolites and a decrease in hippuric acid after broccoli consumption. Targeted analysis using high-resolution, accurate mass-mass spectrometry (HRAM-MS) enabled detection of low concentrations (nM) of glucosinolate metabolites in human urine and plasma. Glucosinolate metabolites were found in human urine (13) and plasma (8), respectively. Metabolites from methoxyl-indole glucosinolates, arising from broccoli consumption, are reported for the first time. Most glucosinolate metabolites reached their peak concentration in urine 2-4 h after consumption while, in plasma, peak maxima were achieved 2 h after intake. The results suggest that glucoraphanin metabolites (sulforaphane, sulforaphane cysteine, sulforaphane N-acetyl cysteine) and indole metabolites (ascorbigen and methoxyl ascorbigen from indole glucosinolates) may serve as marker compounds for the intake of broccoli.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianghao Sun
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, Food Composition and Methods Development Laboratory, Beltsville, MD 20705, United States
| | - Craig S Charron
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, Food Components and Health Laboratory, Beltsville, MD 20705, United States
| | - Janet A Novotny
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, Food Components and Health Laboratory, Beltsville, MD 20705, United States
| | - Bing Peng
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, Food Composition and Methods Development Laboratory, Beltsville, MD 20705, United States
| | - Liangli Yu
- University of Maryland, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, College Park, MD 20742, United States
| | - Pei Chen
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, Food Composition and Methods Development Laboratory, Beltsville, MD 20705, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Absorption and metabolism of isothiocyanates formed from broccoli glucosinolates: effects of BMI and daily consumption in a randomised clinical trial. Br J Nutr 2019; 120:1370-1379. [PMID: 30499426 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114518002921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Sulphoraphane originates from glucoraphanin in broccoli and is associated with anti-cancer effects. A preclinical study suggested that daily consumption of broccoli may increase the production of sulphoraphane and sulphoraphane metabolites available for absorption. The objective of this study was to determine whether daily broccoli consumption alters the absorption and metabolism of isothiocyanates derived from broccoli glucosinolates. We conducted a randomised cross-over human study (n 18) balanced for BMI and glutathione S-transferase μ 1 (GSTM1) genotype in which subjects consumed a control diet with no broccoli (NB) for 16 d or the same diet with 200 g of cooked broccoli and 20 g of raw daikon radish daily for 15 d (daily broccoli, DB) and 100 g of broccoli and 10 g of daikon radish on day 16. On day 17, all subjects consumed a meal of 200 g of broccoli and 20 g of daikon radish. Plasma and urine were collected for 24 h and analysed for sulphoraphane and metabolites of sulphoraphane and erucin by triple quadrupole tandem MS. For subjects with BMI >26 kg/m2 (median), plasma AUC and urinary excretion rates of total metabolites were higher on the NB diet than on the DB diet, whereas for subjects with BMI <26 kg/m2, plasma AUC and urinary excretion rates were higher on the DB diet than on the NB diet. Daily consumption of broccoli interacted with BMI but not GSTM1 genotype to affect plasma concentrations and urinary excretion of glucosinolate-derived compounds believed to confer protection against cancer. This trial was registered as NCT02346812.
Collapse
|
10
|
Eruca sativa Meal against Diabetic Neuropathic Pain: An H 2S-Mediated Effect of Glucoerucin. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24163006. [PMID: 31430978 PMCID: PMC6721019 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24163006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Revised: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The management of pain in patients affected by diabetic neuropathy still represents an unmet therapeutic need. Recent data highlighted the pain-relieving efficacy of glucosinolates deriving from Brassicaceae. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the anti-hyperalgesic efficacy of Eruca sativa defatted seed meal, along with its main glucosinolate, glucoerucin (GER), on diabetic neuropathic pain induced in mice by streptozotocin (STZ). The mechanism of action was also investigated. Hypersensitivity was assessed by paw pressure and cold plate tests after the acute administration of the compounds. Once bio-activated by myrosinase, both E. sativa defatted meal (1 g kg−1 p.o.) and GER (100 µmol kg−1 p.o., equimolar to meal content) showed a dose-dependent pain-relieving effect in STZ-diabetic mice, but the meal was more effective than the glucosinolate. The co-administration with H2S scavengers abolished the pain relief mediated by both E. sativa meal and GER. Their effect was also prevented by selectively blocking Kv7 potassium channels. Repeated treatments with E. sativa meal did not induce tolerance to the anti-hypersensitive effect. In conclusion, E. sativa meal can be suggested as a new nutraceutical tool for pain relief in patients with diabetic neuropathy.
Collapse
|
11
|
Martelli A, Piragine E, Citi V, Testai L, Pagnotta E, Ugolini L, Lazzeri L, Di Cesare Mannelli L, Manzo OL, Bucci M, Ghelardini C, Breschi MC, Calderone V. Erucin exhibits vasorelaxing effects and antihypertensive activity by H 2 S-releasing properties. Br J Pharmacol 2019; 177:824-835. [PMID: 30825379 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Hydrogen sulfide (H2 S)-releasing agents are viewed as potential antihypertensive drugs. Recently, natural isothiocyanates emerged as original H2 S-donor agents. Among them, erucin, present in some edible cruciferous plants, shows suitable H2 S-releasing properties and features of "druggability." The aim of this work was to investigate the erucin-mediated release of H2 S inside vascular cells, its vasorelaxing effects, and activity on BP of normo and hypertensive animals. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Intracellular H2 S-release and the hyperpolarizing effect of erucin were tested using fluorescent dye, in human aortic smooth muscle cells (HASMCs). Its direct vasorelaxing effect and ability to inhibit noradrenaline-induced vasoconstriction were evaluated on endothelium-intact or -denuded rat aortic rings. Its vasodilator properties were tested in coronary arteries using Langendorff-perfused rat hearts. Finally, erucin's antihypertensive activity was evaluated in vivo in normotensive and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) by recording systolic BP using the tail-cuff method. KEY RESULTS Erucin induced the release of H2 S inside HASMCs. Moreover, erucin hyperpolarized the membrane of HASMCs membrane in a concentration-dependent manner. It induced vasodilatation of rat aortic rings, in endothelium-denuded vessels. This effect was further improved by the presence of endothelial NO. When pre-incubated with rat aortic rings, erucin induced concentration-dependent inhibition of noradrenaline-induced vasoconstriction. Erucin did not affect basal coronary flow but restored the flow to normal in pre-contracted coronary vessels. Finally, in vivo, erucin decreased systolic BP in SHRs by about 25%, and restored the BP to values observed in normotensive rats. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Erucin is an H2 S donor endowed with vasorelaxing and antihypertensive effects. LINKED ARTICLES This article is part of a themed section on Hydrogen Sulfide in Biology & Medicine. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v177.4/issuetoc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alma Martelli
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.,Interdepartmental Research Centre "Nutraceuticals and Food for Health (NUTRAFOOD)", University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | | | | | - Lara Testai
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.,Interdepartmental Research Centre "Nutraceuticals and Food for Health (NUTRAFOOD)", University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Eleonora Pagnotta
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Centre for Cereal and Industrial Crops, Bologna, Italy
| | - Luisa Ugolini
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Centre for Cereal and Industrial Crops, Bologna, Italy
| | - Luca Lazzeri
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Centre for Cereal and Industrial Crops, Bologna, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Di Cesare Mannelli
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health-NEUROFARBA-Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Mariarosaria Bucci
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Carla Ghelardini
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health-NEUROFARBA-Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Vincenzo Calderone
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.,Interdepartmental Research Centre "Nutraceuticals and Food for Health (NUTRAFOOD)", University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.,Interdepartmental Research Centre of Ageing Biology and Pathology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Kühn C, Kupke F, Baldermann S, Klopsch R, Lamy E, Hornemann S, Pfeiffer AFH, Schreiner M, Hanschen FS, Rohn S. Diverse Excretion Pathways of Benzyl Glucosinolate in Humans after Consumption of Nasturtium (Tropaeolum majus L.)-A Pilot Study. Mol Nutr Food Res 2018; 62:e1800588. [PMID: 30091516 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201800588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Revised: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
SCOPE Different metabolic and excretion pathways of the benzyl glucosinolate breakdown products benzyl isothiocyanate and benzyl cyanide are investigated to obtain information about their multiple fate after ingestion. Detailed focus is on the so far underestimated transformation/excretion pathways-protein conjugation and exhalation. METHODS AND RESULTS Metabolites, protein conjugates, and non-conjugated isothiocyanates are determined in plasma, urine, and breath of seven volunteers after consuming freeze-dried nasturtium or bread enriched with nasturtium. Samples are collected up to 48 h at selected time points. The metabolites of the mercapturic acid pathway are detectable in plasma up to 24 h after consumption. Additionally, mercapturic acid is the main metabolite in urine, but non-conjugated benzyl isothiocyanate is detectable as well. Protein conjugates show high amounts in plasma even 48 h after consumption. In breath, benzyl isothiocyanate and benzyl cyanide are detectable up to 48 h after consumption. CONCLUSION Isothiocyanates are not only metabolized via the mercapturic acid pathway, but also form protein conjugates in blood and are exhaled. To balance intake and excretion, it is necessary to investigate all potential metabolites and excretion routes. This has important implications for the understanding of physiological and pharmacological effects of isothiocyanate-containing products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carla Kühn
- Institute of Food Chemistry, Hamburg School of Food Science, University of Hamburg, Grindelallee 117, 20146, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Franziska Kupke
- Institute of Food Chemistry, Hamburg School of Food Science, University of Hamburg, Grindelallee 117, 20146, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Susanne Baldermann
- Leibniz Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops, Theodor-Echtermeyer-Weg 1, D-14979, Großbeeren, Germany
| | - Rebecca Klopsch
- Leibniz Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops, Theodor-Echtermeyer-Weg 1, D-14979, Großbeeren, Germany
| | - Evelyn Lamy
- Molecular Preventive Medicine, Institute for Infection Prevention and Hospital Infection Control, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Breisacher Str. 115b, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Silke Hornemann
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, 14558, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Andreas F H Pfeiffer
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, 14558, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Monika Schreiner
- Leibniz Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops, Theodor-Echtermeyer-Weg 1, D-14979, Großbeeren, Germany
| | - Franziska S Hanschen
- Leibniz Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops, Theodor-Echtermeyer-Weg 1, D-14979, Großbeeren, Germany
| | - Sascha Rohn
- Institute of Food Chemistry, Hamburg School of Food Science, University of Hamburg, Grindelallee 117, 20146, Hamburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Tian S, Liu X, Lei P, Zhang X, Shan Y. Microbiota: a mediator to transform glucosinolate precursors in cruciferous vegetables to the active isothiocyanates. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2018; 98:1255-1260. [PMID: 28869285 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.8654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2017] [Revised: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 08/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Isothiocyanates (ITCs), such as sulforaphane (SFN), exhibit powerful biological functions in fighting cancers, and cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. They normally exist as glucosinolates (GLSs) in cruciferous vegetables, which are not themselves bioactive until they are degraded by myrosinase to form ITCs. Myrosinase coexists in the same plants but is normally kept apart from GLSs in different apparatus. A key point is that myrosinase is temperature sensitive and can be inactivated upon exposure to temperatures over 60 °, as typically occurs during cooking. However, studies using animal models and population trials have suggested that human gut bacteria might act like an 'organ' in that they can secrete their own myrosinase. In this review, the hydrolysis of GLS by myrosinase is discussed, with an important focus on the gut microflora and their myrosinase-producing roles. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sicong Tian
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaodong Liu
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Peng Lei
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaohong Zhang
- Institute of Preventative Medicine and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathological and Physiological Technology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yujuan Shan
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Morroni F, Sita G, Djemil A, D'Amico M, Pruccoli L, Cantelli-Forti G, Hrelia P, Tarozzi A. Comparison of Adaptive Neuroprotective Mechanisms of Sulforaphane and its Interconversion Product Erucin in in Vitro and in Vivo Models of Parkinson's Disease. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:856-865. [PMID: 29307179 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b04641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Several studies suggest that an increase of glutathione (GSH) through activation of the transcriptional nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2) in the dopaminergic neurons may be a promising neuroprotective strategy in Parkinson's disease (PD). Among Nrf2 activators, isothiocyanate sulforaphane (SFN), derived from precursor glucosinolate present in Brassica vegetables, has gained attention as a potential neuroprotective compound. Bioavailability studies also suggest the contribution of SFN metabolites, including erucin (ERN), to the neuroprotective effects of SFN. Therefore, we compared the in vitro neuroprotective effects of SFN and ERN at the same dose level (5 μM) and oxidative treatment with 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) in SH-SY5Y cells. The pretreatment of SH-SY5Y cells with SFN recorded a higher (p < 0.05) active nuclear Nrf2 protein (12.0 ± 0.4 vs 8.0 ± 0.2 fold increase), mRNA Nrf2 (2.0 ± 0.3 vs 1.4 ± 0.1 fold increase), total GSH (384.0 ± 9.0 vs 256.0 ± 8.0 μM) levels, and resistance to neuronal apoptosis elicited by 6-OHDA compared to ERN. By contrast, the simultaneous treatment of SH-SY5Y cells with either SFN or ERN and 6-OHDA recorded similar neuroprotective effects with both the isothiocyanates (Nrf2 protein 2.2 ± 0.2 vs 2.1 ± 0.1 and mRNA Nrf2 2.1 ± 0.3 vs 1.9 ± 0.2 fold increase; total GSH 384.0 ± 4.8 vs 352.0 ± 6.4 μM). Finally, in vitro finding was confirmed in a 6-OHDA-PD mouse model. The metabolic oxidation of ERN to SFN could account for their similar neuroprotective effects in vivo, raising the possibility of using vegetables containing a precursor of ERN for systemic antioxidant benefits in a similar manner to SFN.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fabiana Morroni
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna , Bologna, Italy
| | - Giulia Sita
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna , Bologna, Italy
| | - Alice Djemil
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialised Medicine, General Pathology Unit, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna , Bologna, Italy
| | - Massimo D'Amico
- Department for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna , Rimini, Italy
| | - Letizia Pruccoli
- Department for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna , Rimini, Italy
| | - Giorgio Cantelli-Forti
- Department for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna , Rimini, Italy
| | - Patrizia Hrelia
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna , Bologna, Italy
| | - Andrea Tarozzi
- Department for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna , Rimini, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Li B, Zhou H, Yang G, Han F, Li Y, Gao Y, Gao J, Zhang F, Sun L. In vivo study of erysolin metabolic profile by ultra high performance liquid chromatography coupleded to Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2018; 1072:173-181. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2017.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Revised: 10/19/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
|
16
|
Nakamura T, Abe-Kanoh N, Nakamura Y. Physiological relevance of covalent protein modification by dietary isothiocyanates. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2017; 62:11-19. [PMID: 29371751 PMCID: PMC5773839 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.17-91] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 10/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Isothiocyanates (ITCs), naturally occurring in abundance in cruciferous vegetables, are the most well-studied organosulfur compounds having an electrophilic reactivity. ITCs have been accepted as major ingredients of these vegetables that afford their health promoting potentials. ITCs are able to modulate protein functions related to drug-metabolizing enzymes, transporters, kinases and phosphatases, etc. One of the most important questions about the molecular basis for the health promoting effects of ITCs is how they modulate cellular target proteins. Although the molecular targets of ITCs remains to be validated, dietary modulation of the target proteins via covalent modification by ITCs should be one of the promising strategies for the protection of cells against oxidative and inflammatory damage. This review discusses the plausible target proteins of dietary ITCs with an emphasis on possible involvement of protein modification in their health promoting effects. The fundamental knowledge of ITCs is also included with consideration of the chemistry, intracellular behavior, and metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Toshiyuki Nakamura
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, 1-1-1 Tsushima-naka, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Naomi Abe-Kanoh
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, 1-1-1 Tsushima-naka, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan.,Department of Food Science, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan
| | - Yoshimasa Nakamura
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, 1-1-1 Tsushima-naka, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Sturm C, Wagner AE. Brassica-Derived Plant Bioactives as Modulators of Chemopreventive and Inflammatory Signaling Pathways. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:E1890. [PMID: 28862664 PMCID: PMC5618539 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18091890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Revised: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A high consumption of vegetables belonging to the Brassicaceae family has been related to a lower incidence of chronic diseases including different kinds of cancer. These beneficial effects of, e.g., broccoli, cabbage or rocket (arugula) intake have been mainly dedicated to the sulfur-containing glucosinolates (GLSs)-secondary plant compounds nearly exclusively present in Brassicaceae-and in particular to their bioactive breakdown products including isothiocyanates (ITCs). Overall, the current literature indicate that selected Brassica-derived ITCs exhibit health-promoting effects in vitro, as well as in laboratory mice in vivo. Some studies suggest anti-carcinogenic and anti-inflammatory properties for ITCs which may be communicated through an activation of the redox-sensitive transcription factor nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) that controls the expression of antioxidant and phase II enzymes. Furthermore, it has been shown that ITCs are able to significantly ameliorate a severe inflammatory phenotype in colitic mice in vivo. As there are studies available suggesting an epigenetic mode of action for Brassica-derived phytochemicals, the conduction of further studies would be recommendable to investigate if the beneficial effects of these compounds also persist during an irregular consumption pattern.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christine Sturm
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538 Lübeck, Germany.
| | - Anika E Wagner
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538 Lübeck, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Ares AM, Ayuso I, Bernal JL, Nozal MJ, Bernal J. Trace analysis of sulforaphane in bee pollen and royal jelly by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2016; 1012-1013:130-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2016.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2015] [Revised: 01/11/2016] [Accepted: 01/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
19
|
Piberger AL, Keil C, Platz S, Rohn S, Hartwig A. Sulforaphane inhibits damage-induced poly (ADP-ribosyl)ation via direct interaction of its cellular metabolites with PARP-1. Mol Nutr Food Res 2015; 59:2231-42. [PMID: 26310710 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201500457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2015] [Revised: 07/31/2015] [Accepted: 08/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE The isothiocyanate sulforaphane, a major breakdown product of the broccoli glucosinolate glucoraphanin, has frequently been proposed to exert anticarcinogenic properties. Potential underlying mechanisms include a zinc release from Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 followed by the induction of detoxifying enzymes. This suggests that sulforaphane may also interfere with other zinc-binding proteins, e.g. those essential for DNA repair. Therefore, we explored the impact of sulforaphane on poly (ADP-ribose)polymerase-1 (PARP-1), poly (ADP-ribosyl)ation (PARylation), and DNA single-strand break repair (SSBR) in cell culture. METHODS AND RESULTS Immunofluorescence analyses showed that sulforaphane diminished H2 O2 -induced PARylation in HeLa S3 cells starting from 15 μM despite increased lesion induction under these conditions. Subcellular experiments quantifying the damage-induced incorporation of (32) P-ADP-ribose by PARP-1 displayed no direct impact of sulforaphane itself, but cellular metabolites, namely the glutathione conjugates of sulforaphane and its interconversion product erucin, reduced PARP-1 activity concentration dependently. Interestingly, this sulforaphane metabolite-induced PARP-1 inhibition was prevented by thiol compounds. PARP-1 is a stimulating factor for DNA SSBR-rate and we further demonstrated that 25 μM sulforaphane also delayed the rejoining of H2 O2 -induced DNA strand breaks, although this might be partly due to increased lesion frequencies. CONCLUSION Sulforaphane interferes with damage-induced PARylation and SSBR, which implies a sulforaphane-dependent impairment of genomic stability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ann Liza Piberger
- Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Institute of Applied Bioscience, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Claudia Keil
- Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Institute of Applied Bioscience, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Stefanie Platz
- Institute of Food Chemistry, Hamburg School of Food Science, University Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sascha Rohn
- Institute of Food Chemistry, Hamburg School of Food Science, University Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Andrea Hartwig
- Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Institute of Applied Bioscience, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| |
Collapse
|