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Show S, Akhter R, Paul I, Das P, Bal M, Bhattacharya R, Bose D, Mondal A, Saha S, Halder G. Efficacy of exopolysaccharide in dye-laden wastewater treatment: A comprehensive review. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 355:141753. [PMID: 38531498 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
The discharge of dye-laden wastewater into the water streams causes severe water and soil pollution, which poses a global threat to aquatic ecosystems and humans. A diverse array of microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi, and algae produce exopolysaccharides (EPS) of different compositions and exhibit great bioflocculation potency to sustainably eradicate dyes from water bodies. Nanomodified chemical composites of EPS enable their recyclability during dye-laden wastewater treatment. Nevertheless, the selection of potent EPS-producing strains and physiological parameters of microbial growth and the remediation process could influence the removal efficiency of EPS. This review will intrinsically discuss the fundamental importance of EPS from diverse microbial origins and their nanomodified chemical composites, the mechanisms in EPS-mediated bioremediation of dyes, and the parametric influences on EPS-mediated dye removal through sorption/bioflocculation. This review will pave the way for designing and adopting futuristic green and sustainable EPS-based bioremediation strategies for dye-laden wastewater in situ and ex situ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumona Show
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Durgapur, Durgapur, 713209, West Bengal, India
| | - Ramisa Akhter
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology Durgapur, Durgapur, 713209, West Bengal, India
| | - Indrani Paul
- Department of Biotechnology, Brainware University, Barasat, Kolkata, 700125, West Bengal, India
| | - Payal Das
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Durgapur, Durgapur, 713209, West Bengal, India
| | - Manisha Bal
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Durgapur, Durgapur, 713209, West Bengal, India
| | - Riya Bhattacharya
- School of Biotechnology, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, 173229, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Debajyoti Bose
- School of Biotechnology, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, 173229, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Amita Mondal
- Department of Chemistry, Vedanta College, Kolkata, 700054, West Bengal, India
| | - Shouvik Saha
- Department of Biotechnology, Brainware University, Barasat, Kolkata, 700125, West Bengal, India.
| | - Gopinath Halder
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Durgapur, Durgapur, 713209, West Bengal, India.
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2
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Saggu SK, Nath A, Kumar S. Myxobacteria: biology and bioactive secondary metabolites. Res Microbiol 2023; 174:104079. [PMID: 37169232 DOI: 10.1016/j.resmic.2023.104079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Myxobacteria are Gram-negative eubacteria and they thrive in a variety of habitats including soil rich in organic matter, rotting wood, animal dung and marine environment. Myxobacteria are a promising source of new compounds associated with diverse bioactive spectrum and unique mode of action. The genome information of myxobacteria has revealed many orphan biosynthetic pathways indicating that these bacteria can be the source of several novel natural products. In this review, we highlight the biology of myxobacteria with emphasis on their habitat, life cycle, isolation methods and enlist all the bioactive secondary metabolites purified till date and their mode of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Kaur Saggu
- Department of Biotechnology, Kanya Maha Vidyalaya, Jalandhar, Punjab, India - 144004.
| | - Amar Nath
- University Centre of Excellence in Research, Baba Farid University of Health Sciences, Faridkot, Punjab India 151203.
| | - Shiv Kumar
- Guru Gobind Singh Medical College, Baba Farid University of Health Sciences, Faridkot, Punjab India 151203.
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3
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Cydzik-Kwiatkowska A, de Jonge N, Poulsen JS, Nielsen JL. Unravelling gradient layers of microbial communities, proteins, and chemical structure in aerobic granules. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 829:154253. [PMID: 35276168 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Most bacteria live in microbial assemblages like biofilms and granules, and each layer of these assemblages provides a niche for certain bacteria with specific metabolic functions. In this study, a gentle (non-destructive) extraction approach based on a cation exchange resin and defined shear was employed to gradually disintegrate biomass and collect single layers of aerobic granules from a full-scale municipal wastewater treatment plant. The microbial community composition of granule layers was characterized using next-generation sequencing (NGS) targeting the 16S rRNA gene, and protein composition was investigated using metaproteomics. The chemical composition of eroded layers was explored using Fourier Transformed Infrared Spectroscopy. On the surface of the granules, the microbial structure (flocculation-supporting Nannocystis sp.) as well as composition of extracellular polymers (extracellular DNA) and proteome (chaperonins and binding proteins) favored microbial aggregation. Extracellular polymeric substances in the granules were composed of mostly proteins and EPS-producers, such as Tetrasphaera sp. and Zoogloea sp., were evenly distributed throughout the granule structure. The interior of the granules harbored several denitrifiers (e.g., Thauera sp.), phosphate-accumulating denitrifiers (Candidatus Accumulibacter, Dechloromonas sp.) and nitrifiers (Candidatus Nitrotoga). Proteins associated with glycolytic activity were identified in the outer and middle granule layers, and proteins associated with phosphorus conversions, in the deeper layers. In conclusion, the use of an existing cation-exchange resin for gradual biomass disintegration, combined with NGS and metaproteomic analysis was demonstrated as a promising approach for simultaneously investigating the identity and functions of microbes in multilayered biofilm structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Cydzik-Kwiatkowska
- University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Faculty of Geoengineering, Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Sloneczna 45G, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Nadieh de Jonge
- Aalborg University, Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Fredrik Bajers Vej 7H, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Jan Struckmann Poulsen
- Aalborg University, Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Fredrik Bajers Vej 7H, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Jeppe Lund Nielsen
- Aalborg University, Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Fredrik Bajers Vej 7H, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark.
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Tsilo PH, Basson AK, Ntombela ZG, Maliehe TS, Pullabhotla VR. Production and Characterization of a Bioflocculant from Pichia kudriavzevii MH545928.1 and Its Application in Wastewater Treatment. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19063148. [PMID: 35328836 PMCID: PMC8953087 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19063148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
A variety of flocculants have been used to aggregate colloidal substances. However, recently, owing to the adverse effects and high costs of conventional flocculants, natural flocculants such as microbial flocculants are gaining attention. The aim of the study was to produce and characterize a bioflocculant from Pichia kudriavzevii MH545928.1 and apply it in wastewater treatment. A mixture of butanol and chloroform (5:2 v/v) was used to extract the bioflocculant. Phenol–sulphuric acid, Bradford and Carbazole assays were utilized for the identification of carbohydrates, proteins and uronic acid, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and elemental detector were employed to determine the surface morphology and elemental compositions. The removal efficiencies were 73%, 49% and 47% for BOD, COD and P, respectively. The bioflocculant (2.836 g/L) obtained showed the presence of carbohydrates (69%), protein (11%) and uronic acid (16%). The bioflocculant displayed a cumulus-like structure and the elemental composition of C (16.92%), N (1.03%), O (43:76%), Na (0.18%), Mg (0.40%), Al (0.80%), P (14.44%), S (1.48%), Cl (0.31%), K (0.34%) and Ca (20.35). It showed the removal efficiencies of 43% (COD), 64% (BOD), 73% (P) and 50% (N) in coal mine wastewater. This bioflocculant is potentially viable to be used in wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phakamani H. Tsilo
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Agriculture and Engineering, University of Zululand, P/Bag X1001, KwaDlangezwa 3886, South Africa; (Z.G.N.); (A.K.B.); (T.S.M.)
- Correspondence: (P.H.T.); (V.R.P.); Tel.: +27-671-090-888 (P.H.T.); +27-35-902-6155 (V.R.P.)
| | - Albertus K. Basson
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Agriculture and Engineering, University of Zululand, P/Bag X1001, KwaDlangezwa 3886, South Africa; (Z.G.N.); (A.K.B.); (T.S.M.)
| | - Zuzingcebo G. Ntombela
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Agriculture and Engineering, University of Zululand, P/Bag X1001, KwaDlangezwa 3886, South Africa; (Z.G.N.); (A.K.B.); (T.S.M.)
| | - Tsolanku S. Maliehe
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Agriculture and Engineering, University of Zululand, P/Bag X1001, KwaDlangezwa 3886, South Africa; (Z.G.N.); (A.K.B.); (T.S.M.)
| | - V.S.R. Rajasekhar Pullabhotla
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Agriculture and Engineering, University of Zululand, P/Bag X1001, KwaDlangezwa 3886, South Africa
- Correspondence: (P.H.T.); (V.R.P.); Tel.: +27-671-090-888 (P.H.T.); +27-35-902-6155 (V.R.P.)
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5
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Cao F, Liang M, Liu J, Liu Y, Renye JA, Qi PX, Ren D. Characterization of an exopolysaccharide (EPS-3A) produced by Streptococcus thermophilus ZJUIDS-2-01 isolated from traditional yak yogurt. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 192:1331-1343. [PMID: 34673108 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.10.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Yak yogurt, one of the naturally fermented dairy products prepared by local herdsmen in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, contains a diverse array of microorganisms. We isolated and identified a novel Streptococcus thermophilus strain, ZJUIDS-2-01, from the traditional yak yogurt. We further purified and carried out detailed structural, physiochemical, and bioactivity studies of an exopolysaccharide (EPS-3A) produced by S. thermophilus ZJUIDS-2-01. The weight-average molecular weight (Mw) of EPS-3A was estimated to be 1.38 × 106 Da by High-Performance Gel Permeation Chromatography (HPGPC). The monosaccharide analysis established its composition to be glucose, galactose, N-acetyl-D-galactosamine, and rhamnose in a ratio of 5.2:2.5:6.4:1.0. The molecular structure of EPS-3A was determined by the combination of permethylation analysis, FT-IR, and NMR spectroscopic techniques. The ζ-potential measurements indicated that EPS-3A had a pKa value of ~4.40. The DSC yielded a melting point (Tm) of 80.4 °C and enthalpy change (ΔH) of 578 J/g for EPS-3A, comparable to those of the xanthan gum (XG), a commercial EPS. EPS-3A exhibited better O/W emulsion stability and flocculating capacity than XG. Furthermore, it also demonstrated similar antioxidant activity to XG and promising in vitro antibacterial properties. This work evidenced that EPS-3A derived from S. thermophilus ZJUIDS-2-01 holds the potential for food and industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feiwei Cao
- Institute of Dairy Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Mingming Liang
- Institute of Dairy Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Jianxin Liu
- Institute of Dairy Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Yu Liu
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - John A Renye
- Dairy and Functional Foods Research Unit, Eastern Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Wyndmoor, PA 19038, USA
| | - Phoebe X Qi
- Dairy and Functional Foods Research Unit, Eastern Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Wyndmoor, PA 19038, USA.
| | - Daxi Ren
- Institute of Dairy Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China.
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6
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Isolation, Identification and Characterization of Bioflocculant-Producing Bacteria from Activated Sludge of Vulindlela Wastewater Treatment Plant. Appl Microbiol 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/applmicrobiol1030038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The low microbial flocculant yields and efficiencies limit their industrial applications. There is a need to identify bacteria with high bioflocculant production. The aim of this study was to isolate and identify a bioflocculant-producing bacterium from activated sludge wastewater and characterise its bioflocculant activity. The identification of the isolated bacterium was performed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis. The optimal medium composition (carbon and nitrogen sources, cations and inoculum size) and culture conditions (temperature, pH, shaking speed and time) were evaluated by the one-factor-at-a-time method. The morphology, functional groups, crystallinity and pyrolysis profile of the bioflocculant were analysed using scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and thermogravimetric (TGA) analysis. The bacterium was identified as Proteus mirabilis AB 932526.1. Its optimal medium and culture conditions were: sucrose (20 g/L), yeast extract (1.2 g/L), MnCl2 (1 g/L), pH 6, 30 °C, inoculation volume (3%), shaking speed (120 rpm) for 72 h of cultivation. SEM micrograph revealed the bioflocculant to be amorphous. FTIR analysis indicated the presence of hydroxyl, carboxyl and amino groups. The bioflocculant was completely pyrolyzed at temperatures above 800 °C. The bacterium has potential to produce bioflocculant of industrial importance.
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7
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Hua JQ, Zhang R, Chen RP, Liu GX, Yin K, Yu L. Energy-saving preparation of a bioflocculant under high-salt condition by using strain Bacillus sp. and the interaction mechanism towards heavy metals. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 267:129324. [PMID: 33352365 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.129324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A highly efficient bioflocculant, i.e., Na-Bsp was successfully prepared by using a tolerant strain-Bacillus sp. under high-salt condition without sterilization. Salt-containing medium was not infected by other strains throughout the whole incubation period in 168 h. The as-prepared Na-Bsp was found to be cation-dependent, exhibiting high flocculant efficiency (FE) i.e., 97.69 ± 0.61%, towards kaolin particles by aid of Fe3+. High FE values were well maintained under a wide pH range and/or boiled water treatment, likely because of the main constituent of polysaccharide. The presence of hydroxyl, carboxyl, and amine groups on the bioflocculant surface were possibly responsible for strong interactions with heavy metals. The adsorption capacities of Pb2+, Cu2+ and Cr6+ were 1000.0, 434.8 and 384.6 mg g-1, respectively. The changing of structure and configuration of bioflocculant during the metal adsorption were explored by the scanning electron microscope with electron energy loss spectroscopy and three-dimensional excitation-emission fluorescence spectrometry. This study provided a novel production method, whereby the conventional sterilization could be avoided, which is of great environmental significance for steam-saving. Furthermore, the as-prepared Na-Bsp exhibited high adsorption capacities toward heavy metals, which sheds lights on its potential usage as an alternative adsorbent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Qiu Hua
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China; School of Environmental Science, Nanjing XiaoZhuang University, Nanjing, 211171, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Rong-Ping Chen
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Guang-Xiang Liu
- School of Environmental Science, Nanjing XiaoZhuang University, Nanjing, 211171, China
| | - Ke Yin
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Lei Yu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China; School of Environmental Science, Nanjing XiaoZhuang University, Nanjing, 211171, China.
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8
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Ding R, Luo L, Han R, Zhang M, Li T, Tang J, Huang S, Hong J. Rapid Production of a Novel Al(III) Dependent Bioflocculant Isolated From Raoultella ornithinolytica 160-1 and Its Application Combined With Inorganic Salts. Front Microbiol 2021; 11:622365. [PMID: 33510736 PMCID: PMC7835285 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.622365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
An efficient bioflocculant-producing strain, Raoultella ornithinolytica 160-1, was identified by 16S rRNA and mass spectrometry analyses. Rapid production of bioflocculant EPS-160 was obtained with 10.01 g/(L⋅d) after optimized by response surface methodology. With the aid of Al(III), more than 90% flocculation activity of EPS-160 at 8 mg/L dosage was achieved in 5 min. Thus, this novel Al(III) dependent bioflocculant was used in combined with chemical coagulants AlCl3 to remove kaolin suspensions and wastewater treatment. The results indicated that the addition of EPS-160 in aggregation system not only largely improved the flocculation ability than the individual use of chemical flocculant (over 30 percent), but also overcome the decrease of flocculation activity due to the overdose of AlCl3 and maintained the optimum dosage of AlCl3 in a wide range (11–23 mg/L). The zeta potentials and EPS-160 structure indicated that both charge neutralization and bridging were the flocculation mechanism with kaolin. During the wastewater treatment, this composite flocculants consisted of EPS-160 and AlCl3 also had great performance for turbidity elimination. Moreover, with the properties of high flocculation activity, hyperthermal stability, pH tolerance and non-toxicity, EPS-160 shows great potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Ding
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Laipeng Luo
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Ruixiang Han
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Meiling Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Tingting Li
- Laboratory Department of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jihui Tang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Shenghai Huang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jiong Hong
- School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.,Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Science at the Microscale, Hefei, China
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Li W, Liu J, Hudson-Edwards KA. Seasonal variations in arsenic mobility and bacterial diversity: The case study of Huangshui Creek, Shimen Realgar Mine, Hunan Province, China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 749:142353. [PMID: 33370914 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Rivers throughout the world have been contaminated by arsenic dispersed from mining activities. The biogeochemical cycling of this arsenic has been shown to be due to factors such as pH, Eh, ionic strength and microbial activity, but few studies have examined the effects of both seasonal changes and microbial community structure on arsenic speciation and flux in mining-affected river systems. To address this research gap, a study was carried out in Huangshui Creek, Hunan province, China, which has been severely impacted by long-term historic realgar (α-As4S4) mining. Water and sediment sampling, and batch experiments at different temperatures using creek sediment, were used to determine the form, source and mobility of arsenic. Pentavalent (AsO43) and trivalent arsenic (AsO33-) were the dominant aqueous species (70-89% and 30-11%, respectively) in the creek, and the maximum concentration of inorganic arsenic in surface water was 10,400 μg/L. Dry season aqueous arsenic concentrations were lower than those in the wet season samples. The sediments contained both arsenate and arsenite, and relative proportions of these varied with season. 8.3 tons arsenic per annum were estimated to be exported from Huangshui Creek. Arsenic release from sediment increased by 3 to 5 times in high water temperature batch experiments (25 and 37 °C) compared to those carried out at low temperature (8 °C). Our data suggest that the arsenic-containing sediments were the main source of arsenic contamination in Huangshui Creek. Microbial community structured varied at the different sample sites along the creek. Redundancy analysis (RDA) showed that both temperature and arsenic concentrations were the main controlling factors on the structure of the microbial community. Protecbacteria, Bacteroidetes, Cyanobacteria, Firmicutes, Verrucomicrobia, and Planctomycetes were the stable dominant phyla in both dry and wet seasons. The genera Flavobacterium, Hydrogenophaga and Sphingomonas occurred in the most highly arsenic contaminated sites, which removed arsenic by related metabolism.Our findings indicate that seasonal variations profoundly control arsenic flux and species, microbial community structure and ultimately, the biogeochemical fate of arsenic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxu Li
- The Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Resource Recycle, Ministry of Education, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Jing Liu
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China.
| | - Karen A Hudson-Edwards
- Environment & Sustainability Institute and Camborne School of Mines, University of Exeter, Penryn, Cornwall TR10 9DF, UK.
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10
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Chouchane H, Najjari A, Neifar M, Cherif H, Askri R, Naili F, Ouzari HI, Cherif A. Unravelling the characteristics of a heteropolysaccharide-protein from an Haloarchaeal strain with flocculation effectiveness in heavy metals and dyes removal. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2020; 41:2180-2195. [PMID: 30517064 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2018.1556742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The production, characterization and potential application in heavy metals and dyes removal of a novel heteropolysaccharide-protein named, gpHb, produced by an Haloarchaeal strain Halogeometricum borinquense strain A52 were investigated. The highest gpHb yield of 13.96 ± 0.32 g/L was produced under optimized conditions by response surface methodology. We focused on the characteristics and flocculation performance of gpHb. An important attribute of protein with 16 protein types identified that occupied a total content of 50.2% in the gpHb. Additionally, carbohydrate that occupied 30.4% of the total bioflocculant content consisted of three monosaccharides. Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy indicated the presence of carboxyl, hydroxyl, amine, amide, and sulphate groups. To further study flocculation activities, factors such as bioflocculant dosage, temperature, pH, salinity and cations addition were tested. In comparison to the chemical flocculant polyaluminium chloride, gpHb maintain high activity at large range of salinity and its flocculation activity was higher on both sides of pH 7. Addition of trivalent cation mainly Fe3+ enhances the flocculating rate indicating that the bioflocculant is negatively charged. Its practical applicability was established for heavy metals and dyes removal from saline aqueous solutions. The highest removal efficiency was observed with Cr3+ (91.4%) and Ni2+ (89.60%) and with basic blue 3 (83.8%) and basic red (78.6%). The excellent flocculation activity of gpHb under saline condition suggests its potential industrial utility for treatment of textile and tannery wastewaters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Habib Chouchane
- ISBST, LR11-ES31 BVBGR, Biotechpole Sidi Thabet, Univ. Manouba, Ariana, Tunisia
| | - Afef Najjari
- Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, LR03ES03 Laboratoire de Microbiologie et Biomolécules Actives, Université Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Neifar
- ISBST, LR11-ES31 BVBGR, Biotechpole Sidi Thabet, Univ. Manouba, Ariana, Tunisia
| | - Hanen Cherif
- ISBST, LR11-ES31 BVBGR, Biotechpole Sidi Thabet, Univ. Manouba, Ariana, Tunisia
| | - Refka Askri
- ISBST, LR11-ES31 BVBGR, Biotechpole Sidi Thabet, Univ. Manouba, Ariana, Tunisia
| | - Fatma Naili
- ISBST, LR11-ES31 BVBGR, Biotechpole Sidi Thabet, Univ. Manouba, Ariana, Tunisia
| | - Hadda Imene Ouzari
- Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, LR03ES03 Laboratoire de Microbiologie et Biomolécules Actives, Université Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Ameur Cherif
- ISBST, LR11-ES31 BVBGR, Biotechpole Sidi Thabet, Univ. Manouba, Ariana, Tunisia
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11
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Ma L, Liang J, Liu Y, Zhang Y, Ma P, Pan Z, Jiang W. Production of a bioflocculant from Enterobacter sp. P3 using brewery wastewater as substrate and its application in fracturing flowback water treatment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:18242-18253. [PMID: 32180144 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-08245-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A novel bioflocculant (BW-P3) was produced by a strain of Enterobacter sp. P3 using brewery wastewater as substrate and was further applied to remove the colored substance of fracturing flowback water. The optimum conditions for bioflocculant production were specified by the response surface methodology as COD of brewery wastewater 1487.77 mg/L, glucose 8.94 g/L and initial pH 7.09, under which a bioflocculant yield of 1.274 g/L could be reached. The BW-P3 consists of 79.12% polysaccharides and 15.63% protein. Results show that BW-P3 has a high molecular weight (921 kDa) and contains functional groups (hydroxyl, amino, carbonyl, and acylamino) that likely contribute to flocculation. When using the BW-P3 to flocculate fracturing flowback water, the optimal dosage was 1 g/L BW-P3 with addition of 100 mg/L polymeric aluminum chloride as coagulant aid, and treated under 50 °C at pH 7. Under the optimal condition, the removal rates of chroma and suspended solids (SS) of the fracturing flowback water could reach 85% and 52%, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Ma
- National postdoctoral research station, Haitian Water Group Co., Ltd., Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, People's Republic of China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, 610500, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingjing Liang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, 610500, People's Republic of China
| | - Yucheng Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, 610500, People's Republic of China
- Research Institute of Industrial Hazardous Waste Disposal and Resource Utilization, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, 610500, People's Republic of China
| | - Yirong Zhang
- China Petroloil Production Plant No.7, Changqing Oilfield Company, Changqing, Xi'an, 710200, People's Republic of China
| | - Pengchao Ma
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, 610500, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhicheng Pan
- National postdoctoral research station, Haitian Water Group Co., Ltd., Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wenju Jiang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, People's Republic of China
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Mu J, Cui X, Shao M, Wang Y, Yang Q, Yang G, Zheng L. Microbial origin of bioflocculation components within a promising natural bioflocculant resource of Ruditapes philippinarum conglutination mud from an aquaculture farm in Zhoushan, China. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0217679. [PMID: 31216303 PMCID: PMC6583956 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0217679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Ruditapes philippinarum conglutination mud (RPM) is a byproduct from the aquiculture of an important commercially bivalve mollusk R. philippinarum and has been recently reported as a promising natural bioflocculant resource. However the origin of bioflocculation components within RPM is still a pending doubt and impedes its effective exploitation. This study investigated the probability that RPM bioflocculation components originate from its associated microbes. RPM samples from an aquaculture farm in Zhoushan of China were applied to characterize its microbial community structure, screen associated bioflocculant-producing strains, and explore the homology between extracellular polysaccharides (EPS) from bioflocculant-producing isolates and RPM flocculation components. Results showed that RPM exhibited high bacterial biodiversity, with Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes and Actinobacteria as the most abundant phyla; hgcI_clade, CL500_29_marine_group, Fusibacter, MWH_UniP1_aquatic_group and Arcobacter as the dominant genera. Fourteen highly efficient bioflocculant-producing strains were screened and phylogenetically identified as Pseudoalteromonas sp. (5), Psychrobacter sp. (3), Halomonas sp. (2), Albirhodobacter sp. (1), Celeribacter sp. (1), Kocuria sp. (1) and Bacillus sp. (1), all of which except Bacillus sp. were reported for the first time for their excellent flocculation capability. Furthermore, EPS from the bioflocculant-producing strains exhibited highly similar monosaccharide composition to the reported flocculation-effective RPM polysaccharides. On the other hand, the existence of fungi in RPM was rare and showed no flocculation functionality. Findings from Zhoushan RPM strongly supported that RPM flocculation components were of bacterial origin and make RPM reproduction possible by fermentation approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Mu
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, China
- * E-mail:
| | - Xia Cui
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mingjiao Shao
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuxia Wang
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qiao Yang
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, China
| | - Guangfeng Yang
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, China
| | - Liying Zheng
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, China
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Cheng C, Zhou Z, Pang H, Zheng Y, Chen L, Jiang LM, Zhao X. Correlation of microbial community structure with pollutants removal, sludge reduction and sludge characteristics in micro-aerobic side-stream reactor coupled membrane bioreactors under different hydraulic retention times. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 260:177-185. [PMID: 29625290 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.03.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Revised: 03/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A micro-aerobic side-stream reactor (MSSR) was inserted in returned sludge line of a membrane bioreactor (MBR) for sludge reduction. Three MSSR coupled MBRs (M-MBRs) and an anoxic/oxic MBR (AO-MBR) were operated in parallel to investigate effects of micro-aerobic condition and hydraulic retention time (HRT) of MSSR (HRTM) on process performance. M-MBRs and AO-MBR were equally effective in COD and NH4-N removal. Rising HRTM from 3.3 to 6.7 h increased sludge reduction from 10.8% to 47.5%, and promoted dissolved organic matters release and utilization by enriching hydrolytic, fermentative and predatory bacteria. M-MBR at HRTM of 3.3 h obtained the highest nitrogen removal, and enriched denitrifiers (Thauera and Hyphomicrobium) in the MSSR. The highest relative abundance of polyphosphate-accumulating organisms was observed in M-MBR at HRTM of 5.0 h, which achieved the highest phosphorus removal. Prolonging HRTM to 6.7 h improved sludge dewaterability by enriching floc-formation bacteria (Nannocystis) and inhibiting filamentous bacteria (Candidatus_Alysiosphaera).
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Cheng
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai 200090, China
| | - Zhen Zhou
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai 200090, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China.
| | - Hongjian Pang
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai 200090, China
| | - Yue Zheng
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai 200090, China
| | - Liuyu Chen
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai 200090, China
| | - Lu-Man Jiang
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai 200090, China
| | - Xiaodan Zhao
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai 200090, China
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Chouchane H, Mahjoubi M, Ettoumi B, Neifar M, Cherif A. A novel thermally stable heteropolysaccharide-based bioflocculant from hydrocarbonoclastic strain Kocuria rosea BU22S and its application in dye removal. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2018; 39:859-872. [PMID: 28357896 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2017.1313886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A new bioflocculant named pKr produced by hydrocarbonoclastic strain Kocuria rosea BU22S (KC152976) was investigated. Gas chromatography-flame ionization detector (GC-FID) analysis confirmed the high potential of the strain BU22S in the degradation of n-alkanes. Plackett-Burman experimental design and response surface methodology were carried out to optimize pKr production. Glucose, peptone and incubation time were found to be the most significant factors affecting bioflocculant production. Maximum pKr production was about 4.72 ± 0.02 g/L achieved with 15.61 g/L glucose, 6.45 g/L peptone and 3 days incubation time. Chemical analysis of pKr indicated that it contained 71.62% polysaccharides, 16.36% uronic acid and 2.83% proteins. Thin layer chromatography analysis showed that polysaccharides fraction consisted of galactose and xylose. Fourier transform infrared analysis revealed the presence of many functional groups, hydroxyl, carboxyl, methoxyl, acetyl and amide that likely contribute to flocculation. K. rosea pKr showed high flocculant potential using kaolin clay at different pH (2-11), temperature (0-100°C) and cation concentrations. The bioflocculant was particularly effective in flocculating soluble anionic dyes, Reactive Blue 4 and Acid Yellow, with a decolorization efficiency of 76.4% and 72.6%, respectively. The outstanding flocculating performances suggest that pKr could be useful for bioremediation applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Habib Chouchane
- a Univ. Manouba , ISBST, BVBGR-LR11ES31, Biotechpole Sidi Thabet, 2020 , Ariana , Tunisia
| | - Mouna Mahjoubi
- a Univ. Manouba , ISBST, BVBGR-LR11ES31, Biotechpole Sidi Thabet, 2020 , Ariana , Tunisia
- b Faculty of Science of Bizerte , University of Carthage , Bizerte , Tunisia
| | - Besma Ettoumi
- c Department of Food Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS) , University of Milan , Milan , Italy
| | - Mohamed Neifar
- a Univ. Manouba , ISBST, BVBGR-LR11ES31, Biotechpole Sidi Thabet, 2020 , Ariana , Tunisia
| | - Ameur Cherif
- a Univ. Manouba , ISBST, BVBGR-LR11ES31, Biotechpole Sidi Thabet, 2020 , Ariana , Tunisia
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Guo J, Chen C. Removal of arsenite by a microbial bioflocculant produced from swine wastewater. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 181:759-766. [PMID: 28478236 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.04.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Revised: 04/17/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This paper focused on the production and characteristics of a bioflocculant by using swine wastewater and its application in removing arsenite from aqueous solution. A series of experimental parameters including bioflocculant dose, calcium ions concentration, and solution pH value on arsenite uptake were evaluated. Results have demonstrated that a bioflocculant of 3.11 g L-1 was achieved as the maximum yield after 60 h fermentation, with a main backbone of polysaccharides. Maximum arsenite removal efficiency of 99.2% can be reached by adding bioflocculant in two stages: 3 × 10-3% (w/w) in the 1.0 min's rapid mixing (180 rpm) and 2 × 10-3% (w/w) after 2.0 min's slow mixing (80 rpm) with pH value fixed at 7. Negative Gibbs free energy change (ΔGo) indicated the spontaneous nature of arsenite removal. Arsenite was removed by the bioflocculant through bridging mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyuan Guo
- College of Resources and Environment, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610225, China.
| | - Cheng Chen
- College of Resources and Environment, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610225, China
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Agunbiade MO, Van Heerden E, Pohl CH, Ashafa AT. Flocculating performance of a bioflocculant produced by Arthrobacter humicola in sewage waste water treatment. BMC Biotechnol 2017; 17:51. [PMID: 28606076 PMCID: PMC5469021 DOI: 10.1186/s12896-017-0375-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Accepted: 06/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The discharge of poorly treated effluents into the environment has far reaching, consequential impacts on human and aquatic life forms. Thus, we evaluated the flocculating efficiency of our test bioflocculant and we report for the first time the ability of the biopolymeric flocculant produced by Arthrobacter humicola in the treatment of sewage wastewater. This strain was isolated from sediment soil sample at Sterkfontein dam in the Eastern Free State province of South Africa. Results Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST) analysis of the nucleotide sequence of the 16S rDNA revealed the bacteria to have 99% similarity to Arthrobacter humicola strain R1 and the sequence was deposited in the Gene bank as Arthrobacter humicola with accession number KC816574.1. Flocculating activity was enhanced with the aid of divalent cations, pH 12, at a dosage concentration of 0.8 mg/mL. The purified bioflocculant was heat stable and could retain more than 78% of its flocculating activity after heating at 100 °C for 25 min. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy analysis demonstrated the presence of hydroxyl and carboxyl moieties as the functional groups. The thermogravimetric analysis was used to monitor the pyrolysis profile of the purified bioflocculant and elemental composition revealed C: O: Na: P: K with 13.90: 41.96: 26.79: 16.61: 0.74 weight percentage respectively. The purified bioflocculant was able to remove chemical oxygen demand, biological oxygen demand, suspended solids, nitrate and turbidity from sewage waste water at efficiencies of 65.7%, 63.5%, 55.7%, 71.4% and 81.3% respectively. Conclusions The results of this study indicate the possibility of using the bioflocculant produced by Arthrobacter humicola as a potential alternative to synthesized chemical flocculants in sewage waste water treatment and other industrial waste water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayowa Oladele Agunbiade
- Phytomedicine and Phytopharmacology Research Group, Department of Plant Sciences, University of the Free State, Qwaqwa Campus, P. Bag X13, Phuthaditjabha, 9866, South Africa. .,Department of Microbial, Biochemical & Food Biotechnology, University of the Free State, P.O. Box 339, Nelson Mandela Drive, Bloemfontein, 9301, South Africa.
| | - Esta Van Heerden
- Department of Microbial, Biochemical & Food Biotechnology, University of the Free State, P.O. Box 339, Nelson Mandela Drive, Bloemfontein, 9301, South Africa
| | - Carolina H Pohl
- Department of Microbial, Biochemical & Food Biotechnology, University of the Free State, P.O. Box 339, Nelson Mandela Drive, Bloemfontein, 9301, South Africa
| | - Anofi Tom Ashafa
- Phytomedicine and Phytopharmacology Research Group, Department of Plant Sciences, University of the Free State, Qwaqwa Campus, P. Bag X13, Phuthaditjabha, 9866, South Africa
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Li J, Yun YQ, Xing L, Song L. Novel bioflocculant produced by salt-tolerant, alkaliphilic strain Oceanobacillus polygoni HG6 and its application in tannery wastewater treatment. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2017; 81:1018-1025. [DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2016.1274635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The optimized production of MBF-HG6, which is a novel salt-tolerant alkaliphilic bioflocculant produced by Oceanobacillus polygoni with its application in tannery wastewater treatment was investigated in this study. It was found the optimal carbon source, nitrogen source, cation, and initial pH of the medium for bioflocculant production were starch, urea, Fe2+, and pH 9.0, respectively. The best stability in the temperature range was from 0 to 80°C and the purified MBF-HG6 contained polysaccharides of 81.53% and proteins of 9.98%. The carboxyl, hydroxyl, and amino groups were determined in bioflocculants, while the optimized bioflocculating activity was observed as 90.25% for the dosages of 6.96mL MBF-HG6, 4.77mL CaCl2 (1%, m/v), and 19.24g/L NaCl using response surface methodology. In addition, SS and turbidity removal rates of the tannery wastewater (4g/L MBF-HG6) could, respectively, reach 46.49% and 91.08%, indicating that the great potential was emerged in enhancement of tannery wastewater treatment by MBF-HG6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- School of Civil Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot, China
| | - Yue-qing Yun
- School of Civil Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot, China
| | - Li Xing
- School of Civil Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot, China
| | - Lei Song
- School of Civil Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot, China
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Czemierska M, Szcześ A, Hołysz L, Wiater A, Jarosz-Wilkołazka A. Characterisation of exopolymer R-202 isolated from Rhodococcus rhodochrous and its flocculating properties. Eur Polym J 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2017.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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19
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Physico-chemical characterization of galactan exopolysaccharide produced by Weissella confusa KR780676. Int J Biol Macromol 2016; 93:822-828. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.09.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2016] [Revised: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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20
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A novel Fe(III) dependent bioflocculant from Klebsiella oxytoca GS-4-08: culture conditions optimization and flocculation mechanism. Sci Rep 2016; 6:34980. [PMID: 27713559 PMCID: PMC5054519 DOI: 10.1038/srep34980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2016] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, the effect of cultivation factors on the flocculation efficiency (FE) of bioflocculant P-GS408 from Klebsiella oxytoca was optimized by the response surface methodology. The most significant factor, i.e. culture time, was determined by gray relational analysis. A total of 240 mg of purified P-GS408 was prepared from 1 liter of culture solution under the optimal conditions. GC-MS analysis results indicated that the polysaccharide of P-GS408 mainly contains Rhamnose and Galactose, and the existence of abundant hydroxyl, carboxyl and amino groups was evidenced by FTIR and XPS analyses. With the aid of Fe3+, the FE of kaolin solution by P-GS408 could achieve 99.48% in ten minutes. Functional groups of polysaccharide were involved in the first adsorption step and the zeta potential of kaolin solution changed from -39.0 mV to 43.4 mV in the presence of Fe3+ and P-GS408. Three-dimensional excitation-emission (EEM) fluorescence spectra demonstrates that the trivalent Fe3+ and Al3+ can bind efficiently with P-GS408, while those univalent and divalent cations cannot. With the help of SEM images, FTIR, zeta potential and EEM spectra, we proposed the P-GS408 flocculation mechanism, which consists of coordination bond combination, charge neutrality, adsorption and bridging, and net catching.
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21
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Czemierska M, Szcześ A, Pawlik A, Wiater A, Jarosz-Wilkołazka A. Production and characterisation of exopolymer from Rhodococcus opacus. Biochem Eng J 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2016.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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22
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Assessment of Bacillus pumilus Isolated from Fresh Water Milieu for Bioflocculant Production. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2016. [DOI: 10.3390/app6080211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Okaiyeto K, Nwodo UU, Okoli SA, Mabinya LV, Okoh AI. Implications for public health demands alternatives to inorganic and synthetic flocculants: bioflocculants as important candidates. Microbiologyopen 2016; 5:177-211. [PMID: 26914994 PMCID: PMC4831466 DOI: 10.1002/mbo3.334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2015] [Revised: 11/05/2015] [Accepted: 11/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemical flocculants are generally used in drinking water and wastewater treatment due to their efficacy and cost effectiveness. However, the question of their toxicity to human health and environmental pollution has been a major concern. In this article, we review the application of some chemical flocculants utilized in water treatment, and bioflocculants as a potential alternative to these chemical flocculants. To the best of our knowledge, there is no report in the literature that provides an up‐to‐date review of the relevant literature on both chemical flocculants and bioflocculants in one paper. As a result, this review paper comprehensively discussed the various chemical flocculants used in water treatment, including their advantages and disadvantages. It also gave insights into bioflocculants production, challenges, various factors influencing their flocculating efficiency and their industrial applications, as well as future research directions including improvement of bioflocculants yields and flocculating activity, and production of cation‐independent bioflocculants. The molecular biology and synthesis of bioflocculants are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunle Okaiyeto
- SAMRC Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre, University of Fort Hare, Alice, 5700, South Africa.,Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group (AEMREG), Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Fort Hare, Alice, 5700, South Africa
| | - Uchechukwu U Nwodo
- SAMRC Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre, University of Fort Hare, Alice, 5700, South Africa.,Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group (AEMREG), Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Fort Hare, Alice, 5700, South Africa
| | - Stanley A Okoli
- GenØK - Centre for Biosafety, Science Park, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, 9291, Norway
| | - Leonard V Mabinya
- SAMRC Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre, University of Fort Hare, Alice, 5700, South Africa.,Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group (AEMREG), Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Fort Hare, Alice, 5700, South Africa
| | - Anthony I Okoh
- SAMRC Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre, University of Fort Hare, Alice, 5700, South Africa.,Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group (AEMREG), Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Fort Hare, Alice, 5700, South Africa
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Okaiyeto K, Nwodo UU, Mabinya LV, Okoli AS, Okoh AI. Evaluation of flocculating performance of a thermostable bioflocculant produced by marine Bacillus sp. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2016; 37:1829-1842. [PMID: 26797258 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2015.1133717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
This study assessed the bioflocculant (named MBF-W7) production potential of a bacterial isolate obtained from Algoa Bay, Eastern Cape Province of South Africa. The 16S ribosomal deoxyribonucleic acids gene sequence analysis showed 98% sequence similarity to Bacillus licheniformis strain W7. Optimum culture conditions for MBF-W7 production include 5% (v/v) inoculum size, maltose and NH4NO3 as carbon and nitrogen sources of choice, medium pH of 6 as the initial pH of the growth medium. Under these optimal conditions, maximum flocculating activity of 94.9% was attained after 72 h of cultivation. Chemical composition analyses showed that the purified MBF-W7 was a glycoprotein which was predominantly composed of polysaccharides 73.7% (w/w) and protein 6.2% (w/w). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy revealed the presence of hydroxyl, carboxyl and amino groups as the main functional groups identified in the bioflocculant molecules. Thermogravimetric analyses showed the thermal decomposition profile of MBF-W7. Scanning electron microscopy imaging revealed that bridging played an important role in flocculation. MBF-W7 exhibited excellent flocculating activity for kaolin clay suspension at 0.2 mg/ml over a wide pH range of 3-11; with the maximal flocculation rate of 85.8% observed at pH 3 in the presence of Mn(2+). It maintained and retained high flocculating activity of over 70% after heating at 100°C for 60 min. MBF-W7 showed good turbidity removal potential (86.9%) and chemical oxygen demand reduction efficiency (75.3%) in Tyume River. The high flocculating rate of MBF-W7 makes it an attractive candidate to replace chemical flocculants utilized in water treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunle Okaiyeto
- a South Africa Medical Research Council (SAMRC), Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre , University of Fort Hare , Alice , South Africa
- b Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology , University of Fort Hare , Alice , South Africa
| | - Uchechukwu U Nwodo
- a South Africa Medical Research Council (SAMRC), Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre , University of Fort Hare , Alice , South Africa
- b Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology , University of Fort Hare , Alice , South Africa
| | - Leonard V Mabinya
- a South Africa Medical Research Council (SAMRC), Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre , University of Fort Hare , Alice , South Africa
- b Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology , University of Fort Hare , Alice , South Africa
| | - Arinze S Okoli
- c GenØK Centre for Biosafety , Forskningsparken i Breivika , Tromsø , Norway
| | - Anthony I Okoh
- a South Africa Medical Research Council (SAMRC), Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre , University of Fort Hare , Alice , South Africa
- b Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology , University of Fort Hare , Alice , South Africa
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25
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Mandal AK, Sen IK, Maity P, Chattopadhyay S, Chakraborty R, Roy S, Islam SS. Structural elucidation and biological studies of a novel exopolysaccaride from Klebsiella pneumoniae PB12. Int J Biol Macromol 2015; 79:413-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2015.04.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2015] [Revised: 04/27/2015] [Accepted: 04/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Salehizadeh H, Yan N. Recent advances in extracellular biopolymer flocculants. Biotechnol Adv 2014; 32:1506-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2014.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2014] [Revised: 10/02/2014] [Accepted: 10/07/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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More TT, Yadav JSS, Yan S, Tyagi RD, Surampalli RY. Extracellular polymeric substances of bacteria and their potential environmental applications. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2014; 144:1-25. [PMID: 24907407 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2014.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 402] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2013] [Revised: 05/02/2014] [Accepted: 05/11/2014] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Biopolymers are considered a potential alternative to conventional chemical polymers because of their ease of biodegradability, high efficiency, non-toxicity and non-secondary pollution. Recently, extracellular polymeric substances (EPS, biopolymers produced by the microorganisms) have been recognised by many researchers as a potential flocculent for their applications in various water, wastewater and sludge treatment processes. In this context, literature information on EPS is widely dispersed and is very scarce. Thus, this review marginalizes various studies conducted so far about EPS nature-production-recovery, properties, environmental applications and moreover, critically examines future research needs and advanced application prospective of the EPS. One of the most important aspect of chemical composition and structural details of different moieties of EPS in terms of carbohydrates, proteins, extracellular DNA, lipid and surfactants and humic substances are described. These chemical characteristics of EPS in relation to formation and properties of microbial aggregates as well as degradation of EPS in the matrix (biomass, flocs etc) are analyzed. The important engineering properties (based on structural characteristics) such as adsorption, biodegradability, hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity of EPS matrix are also discussed in details. Different aspects of EPS production process such as bacterial strain maintenance; inoculum and factors affecting EPS production were presented. The important factors affecting EPS production include growth phase, carbon and nitrogen sources and their ratio, role of other nutrients (phosphorus, micronutrients/trace elements, and vitamins), impact of pH, temperature, metals, aerobic versus anaerobic conditions and pure and mixed culture. The production of EPS in high concentration with high productivity is essential due to economic reasons. Therefore, the knowledge about all the aspects of EPS production (listed above) is highly essential to formulate a logical and scientific basis for the research and industrial activities. One of the very important issues in the production/application/biodegradation of EPS is how the EPS is extracted from the matrix or a culture broth. Moreover, EPS matrix available in different forms (crude, loosely bound, tightly bound, slime, capsular and purified) can be used as a bioflocculant material. Several chemical and physical methods for the extraction of EPS (crude form or purified form) from different sources have been analyzed and reported. There is ample information available in the literature about various EPS extraction methods. Flocculability, dewaterability and biosorption ability are the very attractive engineering properties of the EPS matrix. Recent information on important aspects of these properties qualitatively as well as quantitatively has been described. Recent information on the mechanism of flocculation mediated by EPS is presented. Potential role of EPS in sludge dewatering and biosorption phenomenon has been discussed in details. Different factors influencing the EPS ability to flocculate and dewaterability of different suspensions have been included. The factors considered for the discussion are cations, different forms of EPS, concentration of EPS, protein and carbohydrate content of EPS, molecular weight of EPS, pH of the suspension, temperature etc. These factors were selected for the study based upon their role in the flocculation and dewatering mechanism as well the most recent available literature findings on these factors. For example, only recently it has been demonstrated that there is an optimum EPS concentration for sludge flocculation/dewatering. High or low concentration of EPS can lead to destabilization of flocs. Role of EPS in environmental applications such as water treatment, wastewater flocculation and settling, colour removal from wastewater, sludge dewatering, metal removal and recovery, removal of toxic organic compounds, landfill leachate treatment, soil remediation and reclamation has been presented based on the most recent available information. However, data available on environmental application of EPS are very limited. Investigations are required for exploring the potential of field applications of EPS. Finally, the limitations in the knowledge gap are outlined and the research needs as well as future perspectives are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- T T More
- Institut national de la recherche scientifique, Centre Eau, Terre & Environnement, Université du Québec, 490 de la Couronne, Québec, QC G1K 9A9, Canada.
| | - J S S Yadav
- Institut national de la recherche scientifique, Centre Eau, Terre & Environnement, Université du Québec, 490 de la Couronne, Québec, QC G1K 9A9, Canada
| | - S Yan
- Institut national de la recherche scientifique, Centre Eau, Terre & Environnement, Université du Québec, 490 de la Couronne, Québec, QC G1K 9A9, Canada
| | - R D Tyagi
- Institut national de la recherche scientifique, Centre Eau, Terre & Environnement, Université du Québec, 490 de la Couronne, Québec, QC G1K 9A9, Canada.
| | - R Y Surampalli
- U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, P.O. Box 17-2141, Kansas City, KS 66117, USA
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Zhong C, Xu A, Chen L, Yang X, Yang B, Hong W, Mao K, Wang B, Zhou J. Production of a bioflocculant from chromotropic acid waste water and its application in steroid estrogen removal. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2014; 122:729-737. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2014.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2014] [Revised: 08/03/2014] [Accepted: 08/10/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Zhong C, Xu A, Wang B, Yang X, Hong W, Yang B, Chen C, Liu H, Zhou J. Production of a value added compound from the H-acid waste water-Bioflocculants by Klebsiella pneumoniae. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2014; 122:583-590. [PMID: 25127749 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2014.07.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2014] [Revised: 07/20/2014] [Accepted: 07/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A novel strain (designated as ZCY-7) which could convert H-acid into bioflocculants was isolated from H-acid wastewater sludge. Conditions for bioflocculants production were optimized by response surface methodology (RSM) and determined to be inoculum size 9.65%, initial pH 7.0, and CODCr of the H-acid wastewater 520mg/L. The highest flocculating efficiency achieved for kaolin suspension was 95.1%, after 60h cultivation. The yielded bioflocculant was mainly composed of polysaccharide (82.4%) and protein (14.2%), and maintained its flocculating activity in 0.4% (w/w) kaolin suspensions over pH 2-8 and 20-80°C. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra showed that amino, amide and hydroxyl groups were present in the bioflocculant molecules. A viable alternative treatment technology of H-acid wastewater using this novel strain is suggested, which could largely reduce bioflocculants costs. In addition, flocculating mechanism investigation reveals that the bioflocculant could cause kaolin suspension instability by means of charge neutralization firstly and then promoted the aggregation of suspension particles by adsorption and bridge. It is evident from the results that H-acid wastewater could be used as a source to manufacture bioflocculants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunying Zhong
- School of Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430073, China; School of Chemistry and Life Science, Hubei University of Education, Wuhan 430205, China
| | - Aihua Xu
- School of Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430073, China
| | - Buyun Wang
- School of Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430073, China
| | - Xianghui Yang
- School of Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430073, China
| | - Wentao Hong
- School of Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430073, China
| | - Baokun Yang
- School of Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430073, China
| | - Changhong Chen
- School of Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430073, China
| | - Hongtao Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430073, China
| | - Jiangang Zhou
- School of Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430073, China.
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Peng L, Yang C, Zeng G, Wang L, Dai C, Long Z, Liu H, Zhong Y. Characterization and application of bioflocculant prepared by Rhodococcus erythropolis using sludge and livestock wastewater as cheap culture media. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2014; 98:6847-58. [PMID: 24781698 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-014-5725-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2014] [Revised: 03/22/2014] [Accepted: 03/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
A new bioflocculant was produced by culturing Rhodococcus erythropolis in a cheap medium. When culture pH was 7.0, inoculum size was 2 % (v/v), Na2HPO4 concentration was 0.5 g L(-1), and the ratio of sludge/livestock wastewater was 7:1 (v/v), a maximum flocculating rate of 87.6 % could be achieved. Among 13 different kinds of pretreatments for sludge, the optimal one was the thermal-alkaline pretreatment. Different from a bioflocculant produced in a standard medium, this bioflocculant was effective over a wide pH range from 2 to 12 with flocculating rates higher than 98 %. Approximately, 1.6 g L(-1) of crude bioflocculant could be harvested using cold ethanol for extraction. This bioflocculant showed color removal rates up to 80 % when applied to direct and disperse dye solutions, but only 23.0 % for reactive dye solutions. Infrared spectrum showed that the bioflocculant contained functional groups such as -OH, -NH2, and -CONH2. Components in the bioflocculant consisted of 91.2 % of polysaccharides, 7.6 % of proteins, and 1.2 % of DNA. When the bioflocculant and copper sulfate (CuSO4) were used together for decolorization in actual dye wastewater, the optimum decolorization conditions were specified by the response surface methodology as pH 11, bioflocculant dosage of 40 mg/L, and CuSO4 80 mg/L, under which a decolorization rate of 93.9 % could be reached.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanyan Peng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, Hunan, China
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31
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Wang L, Lee DJ, Ma F, Wang A, Ren N. Bioflocculants from isolated strain or mixed culture: Role of phosphate salts and Ca2+ ions. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2013.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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32
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Structural and immunological studies of an exopolysaccharide from Acinetobacter junii BB1A. Carbohydr Polym 2014; 101:188-95. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2013.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2013] [Revised: 09/06/2013] [Accepted: 09/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Luo Z, Chen L, Chen C, Zhang W, Liu M, Han Y, Zhou J. Production and characteristics of a bioflocculant by Klebsiella pneumoniae YZ-6 isolated from human saliva. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2013; 172:1282-92. [PMID: 24166103 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-013-0601-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2013] [Accepted: 10/10/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The production and characterization of a bioflocculant, MBF-6, by Klebsiella pneumoniae was investigated. Optimum culture conditions for bioflocculant production were an initial medium pH of 7, an incubation temperature of 30 °C, and an inoculum size of 1% (v/v) of cell density 1.0 × 10(8) cfu/mL. The carbon, nitrogen, and cation sources for optimum bioflocculant production were glucose, peptone, and ZnCl₂. The bioflocculant mainly consisted of protein (3.4%) and sugar (95.1%). Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrum revealed the presence of carboxyl and hydroxyl groups while the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) showed a degradation temperature (T(d)) of 81.4 °C. MBF-6 had a good flocculating rate in kaolin suspension without cation addition and was stable over a wide range of pH and temperature. Investigation on the flocculation efficacy of the characterized MBF-6 for wastewater treatment of dairy, woolen, brewery, and sugar industries suggested it to be effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengshan Luo
- School of Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, FangZhi Road, Wuhan, 430073, China
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Bezawada J, Hoang NV, More TT, Yan S, Tyagi N, Tyagi RD, Surampalli RY. Production of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) by Serratia sp.1 using wastewater sludge as raw material and flocculation activity of the EPS produced. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2013; 128:83-91. [PMID: 23722177 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2013.04.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2012] [Revised: 04/10/2013] [Accepted: 04/17/2013] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Growth profile and extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) production of Serratia sp.1 was studied in shake flask fermentation for 72 h using wastewater sludge as raw material. Maximum cell concentration of 6.7 × 10(9) cfu/mL was obtained at 48 h fermentation time. EPS dry weight, flocculation activity and dewaterability of different EPS (tightly bound or TB-EPS, loosely bound or LB-EPS and broth-EPS or B-EPS) were also measured. The highest concentration of LB-EPS (2.45 g/L) and TB-EPS (0.99 g/L) were attained at 48 h of fermentation. Maximum flocculation activity and dewaterability (ΔCST) of TB-EPS (76.4%, 14.5s and 76.5%, 15.5s), LB-EPS (67.8%, 8.1s and 64.7%, 7.6s) and broth EPS (61%, 6.1s and 70.4%, 6.8s) were obtained at 36 and 48 h of growth. Higher flocculation activity and dewaterability were achieved with TB-EPS than with the two other EPS. Characterization of TB-EPS and LB-EPS was done in terms of their protein and carbohydrate content. Protein content was much higher in TB-EPS where as carbohydrate content was only slightly higher in TB-EPS than LB-EPS. Morphology of the Serratia strain after fermentation in sludge and TSB was observed under a scanning electron microscope and the cell size was found to be bigger in the sludge medium than the TSB medium.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Bezawada
- INRS-ETE, Université du Québec, 490, Rue de la Couronne, Québec G1K 9A9, Canada
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Zhang X, Yao Q, Cai Z, Xie X, Zhu H. Isolation and identification of myxobacteria from saline-alkaline soils in Xinjiang, China. PLoS One 2013; 8:e70466. [PMID: 23936436 PMCID: PMC3735578 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0070466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2012] [Accepted: 06/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Fifty-eight terrestrial and salt-tolerant myxobacteria were isolated from the saline-alkaline soils collected from Xinjiang, China. Based on the morphologies and the 16S rRNA gene sequences, these isolates were assigned into 6 genera, Myxococcus, Cystobacter, Corallococcus, Sorangium, Nannocystis and Polyangium. All the strains grew better with 1% NaCl than without NaCl. Some Myxococcus strains were able to grow at 2% NaCl concentration, suggesting that these strains may be particular type of terrestrial myxobacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianjiao Zhang
- Xinjiang Production and Struction Corps Key Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Biological Resources in Tarim Basin, College of Life Science, Tarim University, Alar, Xinjiang, China
- Guangdong Provincial Microbial Culture Collection and Application Key Laboratory, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology (Ministry-Guangdong Province Jointly Breeding Base), South China, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qing Yao
- South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhuoping Cai
- Guangdong Provincial Microbial Culture Collection and Application Key Laboratory, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology (Ministry-Guangdong Province Jointly Breeding Base), South China, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaolin Xie
- Guangdong Provincial Microbial Culture Collection and Application Key Laboratory, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology (Ministry-Guangdong Province Jointly Breeding Base), South China, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Honghui Zhu
- Xinjiang Production and Struction Corps Key Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Biological Resources in Tarim Basin, College of Life Science, Tarim University, Alar, Xinjiang, China
- Guangdong Provincial Microbial Culture Collection and Application Key Laboratory, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology (Ministry-Guangdong Province Jointly Breeding Base), South China, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- * E-mail:
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36
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Zhao H, Liu H, Zhou J. Characterization of a bioflocculant MBF-5 by Klebsiella pneumoniae and its application in Acanthamoeba cysts removal. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2013; 137:226-32. [PMID: 23587824 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2013.03.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2013] [Revised: 03/09/2013] [Accepted: 03/11/2013] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the potential of an extracellular, novel biopolymeric flocculant produced by a strain of Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from a sputum sample for removal of Acanthamoeba cysts, a potent pathogen prevalent in water, soil, air, and dust. The presence of cations did not enhance flocculating activity. The component of MBF-5 was mainly polysaccharide and protein with proportional of 96.8% and 2.1% respectively. Infrared spectrum analysis showed the presence of carboxyl and hydroxyl groups in MBF-5. MBF-5 is nontoxic and can be used for removal of amoebae cysts from water. Conditions for flocculation of kaolin suspension and Acanthamoeba cysts were optimized by response surface methodology (RSM) and determined to be 54.38 mg/L dosage, 26.14°C and pH 3.32 and 129.73 mg/L dosage, 30.75°C and pH 4.36, respectively. The results of this study indicates a possible use of the K. pneumoniae biopolymer as an alternative to typically used chemical flocculants for removal of amoebae cysts from water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haijuan Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430073, China
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37
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Distribution of chitin/chitosan-like bioflocculant-producing potential in the genus Citrobacter. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2013; 97:9569-77. [PMID: 23321910 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-012-4668-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2012] [Revised: 12/11/2012] [Accepted: 12/18/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Some strains belonging to the genera Citrobacter and Enterobacter have been reported to produce chitin/chitosan-like bioflocculants (BFs) from acetate. In this study, to investigate the distribution of the BF-producing potential in the genus Citrobacter and to screen stably and highly BF-producing strains, we obtained 36 Citrobacter strains from different culture collection centers, which were distributed among seven species in the genus, and tested for the flocculating activities of their culture supernatants using a kaolin suspension method. As a result, 21 strains belonging to C. freundii (17 strains in 23 strains tested), C. braakii (two in two), C. youngae (one in one), and C. werkmanii (one in two) showed flocculating activity, but this ability was limited to cells grown on acetate. Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analysis of the hydrolysates from the BFs of five selected strains indicated that they consisted of glucosamine and/or N-acetylglucosamine, such as the chitin/chitosan-like BF (BF04) produced by Citrobacter sp. TKF04 (Fujita et al. J Biosci Bioeng 89: 40-46, 2000). Gel filtration chromatography using a high-performance liquid chromatography system revealed that the molecular weight ranges of these BFs varied, but the average sizes were all above 1.66 × 10⁶Da.
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Flocculating Property of Extracellular Polymeric Substances Produced by a Biofilm-Forming Bacterium Acinetobacter junii BB1A. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2012; 168:1621-34. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-012-9883-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2012] [Accepted: 08/28/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Cosa S, Mabinya LV, Olaniran AO, Okoh AI. Production and characterization of bioflocculant produced by Halobacillus sp. Mvuyo isolated from bottom sediment of Algoa Bay. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2012; 33:967-973. [PMID: 22720422 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2011.603755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
A bioflocculant-producing bacteria isolated from marine sediment of Algoa Bay was assessed for its bioflocculant-producing potentials. Based on 16S recombinant deoxyribonucleic acid (rDNA) sequence analysis, the isolate was identified as Halobacillus sp. and deposited in the Genbank as Halobacillus sp. Mvuyo with accession number HQ537125. The bacteria produced bioflocculant optimally in the presence of glucose (76% flocculating activity) and ammonium chloride (93% flocculating activity) as sole sources of carbon and nitrogen, respectively. The flocculating capabilities of the flocculant were increased by the addition of Ca2+ (76% flocculating activity) and the highest flocculating activity was observed at neutral pH (7.0). The chemical analysis of the bioflocculant revealed that it contained mainly polysaccharide and protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sekelwa Cosa
- Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Fort Hare, Alice, Eastern Cape, South Africa
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40
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SURYANI, AMBARSARI LAKSMI, ARTIKA IMADE, SUSANTI HARTUTIKEKA. Characterization of Bioflocculant Producing-Bacteria Isolated from Tapioca Waste Water. HAYATI JOURNAL OF BIOSCIENCES 2011. [DOI: 10.4308/hjb.18.4.193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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41
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Nie M, Yin X, Jia J, Wang Y, Liu S, Shen Q, Li P, Wang Z. Production of a novel bioflocculant MNXY1 by Klebsiella pneumoniae strain NY1 and application in precipitation of cyanobacteria and municipal wastewater treatment. J Appl Microbiol 2011; 111:547-58. [PMID: 21679283 PMCID: PMC4385668 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2011.05080.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To isolate and characterize the novel bioflocculant-producing bacteria, to optimize the bioflocculant production and to evaluate its potential applications. METHODS AND RESULTS Klebsiella pneumoniae strain NY1, a bacterium that produces a novel bioflocculant (MNXY1), was selected on the chemically defined media. It was classified according to the 16S rRNA gene sequence, morphological and microscopic characteristics. MNXY1 was characterized to contain 26% protein and 66% total sugar. The constituent sugar monomers of MNXY1, revealed by NMR analysis, are glucose, galactose and quinovose. Favourable culture conditions for MNXY1 production were determined. Strain NY1 produces a high level (14.9 g l(-1)) of MNXY1. MNXY1 is thermostable and tolerant to the extreme pH. It precipitated 54% of cyanobacteria from laboratory culture and 72% of the total suspended solids from raw wastewater. CONCLUSIONS Strain NY1 was identified to produce a novel bioflocculant MNXY1. The outstanding performance of MNXY1 in practical applications and its availability in copious amounts make it attractive for further investigation and development for industrial scale applications. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY This is first report for the identification of a quinovose-containing bioflocculant and application of a protein-polysaccharide complex bioflocculant in precipitation of cyanobacteria. These findings suggest that MNXY1 holds great potential for use in management of harmful algae and city wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Nie
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
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Elkady MF, Farag S, Zaki S, Abu-Elreesh G, Abd-El-Haleem D. Bacillus mojavensis strain 32A, a bioflocculant-producing bacterium isolated from an Egyptian salt production pond. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2011; 102:8143-8151. [PMID: 21689928 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2011.05.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2011] [Revised: 05/25/2011] [Accepted: 05/30/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Bacillus mojavensis strain 32A that exhibited 96.11% flocculation efficiency for clay suspensions was selected from other 15 comparative strains. Under growth condition, strain 32A was able to produce 5.2g/L of purified biopolymer. Its constituent was mainly polysaccharide and protein with proportional of 98.4-1.6% respectively. FTIR spectrum was confirming its chemical analysis. This biopolymer attain very fast sedimentation rate. The cost-effective biopolymer and CaCl(2) dosages were 3mg/L and 5 ml/L respectively that posed 89.7% flocculation efficiency. These dosages were suitable only for clay concentrations ≤5g/L. The maximum flocculation efficiency of the biopolymer recorded at pH 1.0 of clay suspension. The too high (>75°C) or too low (<25°C) clay suspension temperature was unfavorable for the biopolymer flocculation performance. The biopolymer solution utilized high thermal stability over the temperature range of 5-60°C. Furthermore, its pH stability recorded at pH range of 5-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- M F Elkady
- Advanced Technology and New Materials and Research Institute (ATNMRI), Fabrication Technology Department, City for Scientific Research and Technology Applications, Alexandria, Egypt
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Assessment of bioflocculant production by Bacillus sp. Gilbert, a marine bacterium isolated from the bottom sediment of Algoa Bay. Mar Drugs 2011; 9:1232-1242. [PMID: 21822413 PMCID: PMC3148500 DOI: 10.3390/md9071232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2011] [Revised: 06/28/2011] [Accepted: 07/05/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The bioflocculant-producing potentials of a marine bacteria isolated from the bottom sediment of Algoa Bay was investigated using standard methods. The 16S rDNA sequence analysis revealed 98% similarity to that of Bacillus sp. HXG-C1 and the nucleotide sequence was deposited in GenBank as Bacillus sp. Gilbert with accession number HQ537128. Bioflocculant was optimally produced when sucrose (72% flocculating activity) and ammonium chloride (91% flocculating activity) were used as sole sources of carbon and nitrogen, respectively; an initial pH 6.2 of the production medium; and Mg2+ as cation. Chemical analysis of the purified bioflocculant revealed the compound to be a polysaccharide.
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Wang L, Ma F, Qu Y, Sun D, Li A, Guo J, Yu B. Characterization of a compound bioflocculant produced by mixed culture of Rhizobium radiobacter F2 and Bacillus sphaeicus F6. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s11274-011-0726-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Cosa S, Mabinya LV, Olaniran AO, Okoh OO, Bernard K, Deyzel S, Okoh AI. Bioflocculant production by Virgibacillus sp. Rob isolated from the bottom sediment of Algoa Bay in the Eastern Cape, South Africa. Molecules 2011; 16:2431-42. [PMID: 21403600 PMCID: PMC6259636 DOI: 10.3390/molecules16032431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2011] [Revised: 03/10/2011] [Accepted: 03/11/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A bioflocculant-producing marine bacterium previously isolated from marine sediment of Algoa Bay was screened for flocculant production. Comparative analysis of 16S rDNA sequence identified the isolate to have 99% similarity to Virgibacillus sp. XQ-1 and it was deposited in the GenBank as Virgibacillus sp. Rob with accession number HQ537127. The bacterium produced biflocculants optimally in glucose (70.4%) and peptone (70.4%) as sole sources of carbon and nitrogen, alkaline pH (12) (74%); and the presence of Fe2+ (74%). Chemical analysis of the bioflocculant revealed it to be a polysaccharide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sekelwa Cosa
- Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group (AEMREG), Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Fort Hare, Private Bag X1314, Alice 5700, South Africa; E-Mails: (S.C); (L.V.M)
| | - Leonard V. Mabinya
- Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group (AEMREG), Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Fort Hare, Private Bag X1314, Alice 5700, South Africa; E-Mails: (S.C); (L.V.M)
| | - Ademola O. Olaniran
- Division of Microbiology, University of KwaZulu Natal, Durban Westville, South Africa; E-Mail: (A.O.O)
| | - Omobola O. Okoh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Fort Hare, Alice, South Africa; E-Mail: (O.O.O)
| | - Kim Bernard
- South African Environmental Observation Network, SAEON, Elwandle Node, 18 Somerset Street, Grahamstown, South Africa, 6140; E-Mails: (K.B); shaun@ (S.D)
| | - Shaun Deyzel
- South African Environmental Observation Network, SAEON, Elwandle Node, 18 Somerset Street, Grahamstown, South Africa, 6140; E-Mails: (K.B); shaun@ (S.D)
| | - Anthony I. Okoh
- Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group (AEMREG), Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Fort Hare, Private Bag X1314, Alice 5700, South Africa; E-Mails: (S.C); (L.V.M)
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Garcia R, Gerth K, Stadler M, Dogma IJ, Müller R. Expanded phylogeny of myxobacteria and evidence for cultivation of the 'unculturables'. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2010; 57:878-87. [PMID: 20807581 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2010.08.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2010] [Revised: 08/10/2010] [Accepted: 08/12/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
An expanded neighbour-joining tree of myxobacteria is presented based on the analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences of 101 strains (including types) representing 3 suborders, 6 families, 20 genera, 46 species, and 12 other novel taxa. The distinctions amongst members of the three suborders (Sorangiineae, Cytobacterineae and Nannocystineae) are reaffirmed. The positions of anaerobic myxobacteria, novel groups (Pyxidicoccus and several Cystobacter species) in Cystobacterineae, the marine genera (Plesiocystis, Haliangium, Enhygromyxa), and two additional novel taxa ('Paraliomyxa miuraensis', brackish-water isolate) were together revealed for the first time. Changes in the nomenclature of several isolates (Polyangium vitellinum Pl vt1(T), Polyangium thaxteri Pl t3, Polyangium cellulosum, NOSO-1, NOCB-2, NOCB-4) are also highlighted. Suborders Sorangiineae and Nannocystineae hold great promise for novel strain discovery. In Sorangiineae, the new family Phaselicystidaceae, with a monotypic genus, was added. Nine additional novel taxa were discovered in this suborder for which new genera or even families may be erected in the near future. These taxa appear to represent the so-called viable but not culturable (VBNC) group of myxobacteria. Based on at least 4% phylogenetic distance, new clades were formed comprising of novel Nannocystineae and Sorangiineae isolates. Overall, the myxobacteria, on the basis of bracket distance, could be divided into 16 clusters, as supported by tree topology and a morphology-based approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronald Garcia
- Department of Microbial Natural Products, Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Saarland University, Campus C2 3, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
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Patil SV, Patil CD, Salunke BK, Salunkhe RB, Bathe GA, Patil DM. Studies on Characterization of Bioflocculant Exopolysaccharide of Azotobacter indicus and Its Potential for Wastewater Treatment. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2010; 163:463-72. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-010-9054-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2010] [Accepted: 08/02/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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48
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Jiang DM, Kato C, Zhou XW, Wu ZH, Sato T, Li YZ. Phylogeographic separation of marine and soil myxobacteria at high levels of classification. ISME JOURNAL 2010; 4:1520-30. [DOI: 10.1038/ismej.2010.84] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Wei W, Yu R, Yuan Y, Wang G, Yu R. Research on the Flocculation Mechanism of Microbial Flocculants. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1109/icbbe.2010.5516070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Liu W, Wang K, Li B, Yuan H, Yang J. Production and characterization of an intracellular bioflocculant by Chryseobacterium daeguense W6 cultured in low nutrition medium. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2010; 101:1044-8. [PMID: 19766490 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2009.08.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2009] [Revised: 08/28/2009] [Accepted: 08/28/2009] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
A novel intracellular bioflocculant (named MBF-W6) produced by Chryseobacterium daeguense W6 cultured in low nutrition medium was investigated in this study. The effects of carbon source, nitrogen source, C/N ratio, initial pH, inoculum size, culture temperature and shaking speed on MBF-W6 production were studied. Chemical analysis showed that the purified MBF-W6 was mainly composed of 32.4% protein, 13.1% polysaccharide and 6.8% nucleic acid. Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy indicated the presence of carboxyl, hydroxyl, and methoxyl groups. The elemental analysis of purified MBF-W6 revealed that the mass proportion of C, H, O, N and S was 40.92:6.53:44.01:8.53:1.01 (w/w) correspondingly. MBF-W6 had good flocculating rate in Kaolin suspension without any cation addition. The highest flocculating rate of 96.9% was achieved under the optimal conditions (bioflocculant dosage 1.2 mg l(-1), pH 5.6 and temperature 15 degrees C).
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Affiliation(s)
- WeiJie Liu
- State Key Lab for Agrobiotechnology, Center of Biomass Engineering, Key Laboratory of Agro-Microbial Resource and Application, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
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