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Wang W, Liu K, Xu H, Zhang C, Zhang Y, Ding M, Xing C, Huang X, Wen Q, Lu C, Song L. Sleep deprivation induced fat accumulation in the visceral white adipose tissue by suppressing SIRT1/FOXO1/ATGL pathway activation. J Physiol Biochem 2024:10.1007/s13105-024-01024-z. [PMID: 38856814 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-024-01024-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Sleep is critical for maintaining overall health. Insufficient sleep duration and poor sleep quality are associated with various physical and mental health risks and chronic diseases. To date, plenty of epidemiological research has shown that sleep disorders are associated with the risk of obesity, which is usually featured by the expansion of adipose tissue. However, the underlying mechanism of increased fat accumulation upon sleep disorders remains unclear. Here we demonstrated that sleep deprivation (SD) caused triglycerides (TG) accumulation in the visceral white adipose tissue (vWAT), accompanied by a remarkable decrease in the expression of adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) and other two rate-limiting lipolytic enzymes. Due to the key role of ATGL in initiating and controlling lipolysis, we focused on investigating the signaling pathway leading to attenuated ATGL expression in vWAT upon SD in the following study. We observed that ATGL downregulation resulted from the suppression of ATGL transcription, which was mediated by the reduction of the transcriptional factor FOXO1 and its upstream regulator SIRT1 expression in vWAT after SD. Furthermore, impairment of SIRT1/FOXO1/ATGL pathway activation and lipolysis induced by SIRT1 inhibitor EX527 in the 3 T3-L1 adipocytes were efficiently rescued by the SIRT1 activator resveratrol. Most notably, resveratrol administration in SD mice revitalized the SIRT1/FOXO1/ATGL pathway activation and lipid mobilization in vWAT. These findings suggest that targeting the SIRT1/FOXO1/ATGL pathway may offer a promising strategy to mitigate fat accumulation in vWAT and reduce obesity risk associated with sleep disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Department of Neuroinflammation, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, 27 Taiping Road, Beijing, 100850, China
- School of Pharmacy, Jiamus University, 258 Xuefu Street, Jiamusi, 154007, China
| | - Kun Liu
- Department of Neuroinflammation, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, 27 Taiping Road, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Huan Xu
- Department of Neuroinflammation, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, 27 Taiping Road, Beijing, 100850, China
- Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Chongchong Zhang
- Department of Neuroinflammation, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, 27 Taiping Road, Beijing, 100850, China
- Henan University Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, 357 Ximen Road, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Yifan Zhang
- Department of Neuroinflammation, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, 27 Taiping Road, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Mengnan Ding
- Department of Neuroinflammation, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, 27 Taiping Road, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Chen Xing
- Department of Neuroinflammation, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, 27 Taiping Road, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Xin Huang
- Department of Neuroinflammation, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, 27 Taiping Road, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Qing Wen
- Department of Neuroinflammation, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, 27 Taiping Road, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Chunfeng Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiamus University, 258 Xuefu Street, Jiamusi, 154007, China.
- Department of Pharmacology, Huzhou University, 158 Xushi Road, Huzhou, 313002, China.
| | - Lun Song
- Department of Neuroinflammation, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, 27 Taiping Road, Beijing, 100850, China.
- School of Pharmacy, Jiamus University, 258 Xuefu Street, Jiamusi, 154007, China.
- Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China.
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, 46 Jianshe Road, Xinxiang, 473007, China.
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Wang Q, Hu GL, Qiu MH, Cao J, Xiong WY. Coffee, tea, and cocoa in obesity prevention: Mechanisms of action and future prospects. Curr Res Food Sci 2024; 8:100741. [PMID: 38694556 PMCID: PMC11061710 DOI: 10.1016/j.crfs.2024.100741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity, a major public health problem, causes numerous complications that threaten human health and increase the socioeconomic burden. The pathophysiology of obesity is primarily attributed to lipid metabolism disorders. Conventional anti-obesity medications have a high abuse potential and frequently deliver insufficient efficacy and have negative side-effects. Hence, functional foods are regarded as effective alternatives to address obesity. Coffee, tea, and cocoa, three widely consumed beverages, have long been considered to have the potential to prevent obesity, and several studies have focused on their intrinsic molecular mechanisms in past few years. Therefore, in this review, we discuss the mechanisms by which the bioactive ingredients in these three beverages counteract obesity from the aspects of adipogenesis, lipolysis, and energy expenditure (thermogenesis). The future prospects and challenges for coffee, tea, and cocoa as functional products for the treatment of obesity are also discussed, which can be pursued for future drug development and prevention strategies against obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource (Ministry of Education), Yunnan Provincial Center for Research & Development of Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Gui-Lin Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China
| | - Ming-Hua Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China
| | - Jun Cao
- Key Laboratory for Transboundary Ecosecurity of Southwest China (Ministry of Education), Yunnan Key Laboratory of Plant Reproductive Adaptation and Evolutionary Ecology, Institute of Biodiversity, School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650504, Yunnan, China
| | - Wen-Yong Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource (Ministry of Education), Yunnan Provincial Center for Research & Development of Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650500, China
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3
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Salekeen R, Lustgarten MS, Khan U, Islam KMD. Model organism life extending therapeutics modulate diverse nodes in the drug-gene-microbe tripartite human longevity interactome. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024; 42:393-411. [PMID: 36970862 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2192823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Advances in antiaging drug/lead discovery in animal models constitute a large body of literature on novel senotherapeutics and geroprotectives. However, with little direct evidence or mechanism of action in humans-these drugs are utilized as nutraceuticals or repurposed supplements without proper testing directions, appropriate biomarkers, or consistent in-vivo models. In this study, we take previously identified drug candidates that have significant evidence of prolonging lifespan and promoting healthy aging in model organisms, and simulate them in human metabolic interactome networks. Screening for drug-likeness, toxicity, and KEGG network correlation scores, we generated a library of 285 safe and bioavailable compounds. We interrogated this library to present computational modeling-derived estimations of a tripartite interaction map of animal geroprotective compounds in the human molecular interactome extracted from longevity, senescence, and dietary restriction-associated genes. Our findings reflect previous studies in aging-associated metabolic disorders, and predict 25 best-connected drug interactors including Resveratrol, EGCG, Metformin, Trichostatin A, Caffeic Acid and Quercetin as direct modulators of lifespan and healthspan-associated pathways. We further clustered these compounds and the functionally enriched subnetworks therewith to identify longevity-exclusive, senescence-exclusive, pseudo-omniregulators and omniregulators within the set of interactome hub genes. Additionally, serum markers for drug-interactions, and interactions with potentially geroprotective gut microbial species distinguish the current study and present a holistic depiction of optimum gut microbial alteration by candidate drugs. These findings provide a systems level model of animal life-extending therapeutics in human systems, and act as precursors for expediting the ongoing global effort to find effective antiaging pharmacological interventions.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahagir Salekeen
- Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering Discipline, Life Science School, Khulna University, Khulna, Bangladesh
| | - Michael S Lustgarten
- Nutrition, Exercise Physiology, and Sarcopenia Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Umama Khan
- Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering Discipline, Life Science School, Khulna University, Khulna, Bangladesh
| | - Kazi Mohammed Didarul Islam
- Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering Discipline, Life Science School, Khulna University, Khulna, Bangladesh
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Imi Y, Amano R, Kasahara N, Obana Y, Hosooka T. Nicotinamide mononucleotide induces lipolysis by regulating ATGL expression via the SIRT1-AMPK axis in adipocytes. Biochem Biophys Rep 2023; 34:101476. [PMID: 37144119 PMCID: PMC10151261 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2023.101476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) -dependent protein deacetylase SIRT1 plays an important role in the regulation of metabolism. Although the administration of nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN), a key NAD+ intermediate, has been shown to ameliorate metabolic disorders, such as insulin resistance and glucose intolerance, the direct effect of NMN on the regulation of lipid metabolism in adipocytes remains unclear. We here investigated the effect of NMN on lipid storage in 3T3-L1 differentiated adipocytes. Oil-red O staining showed that NMN treatment reduced lipid accumulation in these cells. NMN was found to enhance lipolysis in adipocytes since the concentration of glycerol in the media was increased by NMN treatment. Western blotting and real-time RT-PCR analysis revealed that adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) expression at both protein and mRNA level was increased with NMN treatment in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Whereas NMN increased SIRT1 expression and AMPK activation, an AMPK inhibitor compound C restored the NMN-dependent upregulation of ATGL expression in these cells, suggesting that NMN upregulates ATGL expression through the SIRT1-AMPK axis. NMN administration significantly decreased subcutaneous fat mass in mice on a high-fat diet. We also found that adipocyte size in subcutaneous fat was decreased with NMN treatment. Consistent with the alteration of fat mass and adipocyte size, the ATGL expression in subcutaneous fat was slightly, albeit significantly, increased with NMN treatment. These results indicate that NMN suppresses subcutaneous fat mass in diet-induced obese mice, potentially in part via the upregulation of ATGL. Unexpectedly, the reduction in fat mass as well as ATGL upregulation with NMN treatment were not observed in epididymal fat, implying that the effects of NMN are site-specific in adipose tissue. Thus, these findings provide important insights into the mechanism of NMN/NAD+ in the regulation of metabolism.
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Giordano ME, Lionetto MG. Intracellular Redox Behavior of Quercetin and Resveratrol Singly and in Mixtures. Molecules 2023; 28:4682. [PMID: 37375237 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28124682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyphenols have attracted great interest as potent antioxidant compounds and nutraceuticals; however, their antioxidant properties represent a multifaceted phenomenon, including pro-oxidant effects under particular conditions and complex behavior when multiple polyphenols are simultaneously present. Moreover, their intracellular behavior cannot always be predicted from their ability to counteract the production of ROS in acellular assays. The present work aimed to study the direct intracellular redox activity of two polyphenols, resveratrol and quercetin, singly and in mixture in a cellular short-term bioassay under both basal and pro-oxidant conditions. The study was carried out by spectrofluorimetric assessment of the intracellular fluorescence of CM-H2DCFDA-charged HeLa cells under either basal conditions, due to the reactive species associated with the normal cellular oxidative metabolism, or pro-oxidant conditions induced by H2O2 exposure. Under basal conditions, the obtained results showed a significant antioxidant effect of quercetin and a weaker antioxidant effect of resveratrol when used singly, while antagonism of their effect was detected in their equimolar mixtures at all the concentrations used. Under exposure of the cells to H2O2, quercetin exhibited a dose-dependent intracellular antioxidant activity whereas resveratrol manifested a pro-oxidant intracellular activity, while their equimolar mixtures showed an intracellular interaction between the 2 polyphenols, with additive effects at 5 µM and synergic at 25 µM and 50 µM. Thus, the results clarified the direct intracellular antioxidant/pro-oxidant activity of quercetin and resveratrol alone and in their equimolar mixtures in the cell model HeLa cells and highlighted that the antioxidant properties of polyphenols in mixtures at the cellular level depend not only on the nature of the compounds themselves but also on the type of interactions in the cellular system, which in turn are influenced by the concentration and the oxidative status of the cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Elena Giordano
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DiSTeBA), University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Maria Giulia Lionetto
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DiSTeBA), University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy
- NBFC, National Biodiversity Future Center, 90133 Palermo, Italy
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6
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Schanknecht E, Bachari A, Nassar N, Piva T, Mantri N. Phytochemical Constituents and Derivatives of Cannabis sativa; Bridging the Gap in Melanoma Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24010859. [PMID: 36614303 PMCID: PMC9820847 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is deadly, physically impairing, and has ongoing treatment deficiencies. Current treatment regimens include surgery, targeted kinase inhibitors, immunotherapy, and combined approaches. Each of these treatments face pitfalls, with diminutive five-year survival in patients with advanced metastatic invasion of lymph and secondary organ tissues. Polyphenolic compounds, including cannabinoids, terpenoids, and flavonoids; both natural and synthetic, have emerging evidence of nutraceutical, cosmetic and pharmacological potential, including specific anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, and palliative utility. Cannabis sativa is a wellspring of medicinal compounds whose direct and adjunctive application may offer considerable relief for melanoma suffers worldwide. This review aims to address the diverse applications of C. sativa's biocompounds in the scope of melanoma and suggest it as a strong candidate for ongoing pharmacological evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen Schanknecht
- The Pangenomics Lab, School of Science, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia
| | - Ava Bachari
- The Pangenomics Lab, School of Science, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia
| | - Nazim Nassar
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia
| | - Terrence Piva
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia
| | - Nitin Mantri
- The Pangenomics Lab, School of Science, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia
- UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
- Correspondence:
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Liu Y, Liu C, Kou X, Wang Y, Yu Y, Zhen N, Jiang J, Zhaxi P, Xue Z. Synergistic Hypolipidemic Effects and Mechanisms of Phytochemicals: A Review. Foods 2022; 11:foods11182774. [PMID: 36140902 PMCID: PMC9497508 DOI: 10.3390/foods11182774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperlipidemia, a chronic disorder of abnormal lipid metabolism, can induce obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases such as coronary heart disease, atherosclerosis, and hypertension. Increasing evidence indicates that phytochemicals may serve as a promising strategy for the prevention and management of hyperlipidemia and its complications. At the same time, the concept of synergistic hypolipidemic and its application in the food industry is rapidly increasing as a practical approach to preserve and improve the health-promoting effects of functional ingredients. The current review focuses on the effects of single phytochemicals on hyperlipidemia and its mechanisms. Due to the complexity of the lipid metabolism regulatory network, the synergistic regulation of different metabolic pathways or targets may be more effective than single pathways or targets in the treatment of hyperlipidemia. This review summarizes for the first time the synergistic hypolipidemic effects of different combinations of phytochemicals such as combinations of the same category of phytochemicals and combinations of different categories of phytochemicals. In addition, based on the different metabolic pathways or targets involved in synergistic effects, the possible mechanisms of synergistic hypolipidemic effects of the phytochemical combination are illustrated in this review. Hence, this review provides clues to boost more phytochemical synergistic hypolipidemic research and provides a theoretical basis for the development of phytochemicals with synergistic effects on hyperlipidemia and its complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yazhou Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Food and Drug Inspection and Research Institute of Tibet Autonomous Region, Lhasa 850000, China
| | - Chunlong Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Dynamiker Biotechnology (Tianjin) Co., Ltd., Tianjin 300450, China
| | - Xiaohong Kou
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yumeng Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yue Yu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Ni Zhen
- Food and Drug Inspection and Research Institute of Tibet Autonomous Region, Lhasa 850000, China
| | - Jingyu Jiang
- Food and Drug Inspection and Research Institute of Tibet Autonomous Region, Lhasa 850000, China
| | - Puba Zhaxi
- Food and Drug Inspection and Research Institute of Tibet Autonomous Region, Lhasa 850000, China
- Correspondence: (P.Z.); (Z.X.)
| | - Zhaohui Xue
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Correspondence: (P.Z.); (Z.X.)
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Variability in the Beneficial Effects of Phenolic Compounds: A Review. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14091925. [PMID: 35565892 PMCID: PMC9101290 DOI: 10.3390/nu14091925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
When analysing the beneficial effects of phenolic compounds, several factors that exert a clear influence should be taken into account. The content of phenolic compounds in foods is highly variable, directly affecting individual dietary intake. Once ingested, these compounds have a greater or lesser bioaccessibility, defined as the amount available for absorption in the intestine after digestion, and a certain bioavailability, defined as the proportion of the molecule that is available after digestion, absorption and metabolism. Among the external factors that modify the content of phenolic compounds in food are the variety, the cultivation technique and the climate. Regarding functional foods, it is important to take into account the role of the selected food matrix, such as dairy matrices, liquid or solid matrices. It is also essential to consider the interactions between phenolic compounds as well as the interplay that occurs between these and several other components of the diet (macro- and micronutrients) at absorption, metabolism and mechanism of action levels. Furthermore, there is a great inter-individual variability in terms of phase II metabolism of these compounds, composition of the microbiota, and metabolic state or metabotype to which the subject belongs. All these factors introduce variability in the responses observed after ingestion of foods or nutraceuticals containing phenolic compounds.
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Curry AM, White DS, Donu D, Cen Y. Human Sirtuin Regulators: The "Success" Stories. Front Physiol 2021; 12:752117. [PMID: 34744791 PMCID: PMC8568457 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.752117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The human sirtuins are a group of NAD+-dependent protein deacylases. They “erase” acyl modifications from lysine residues in various cellular targets including histones, transcription factors, and metabolic enzymes. Through these far-reaching activities, sirtuins regulate a diverse array of biological processes ranging from gene transcription to energy metabolism. Human sirtuins have been intensely pursued by both academia and industry as therapeutic targets for a broad spectrum of diseases such as cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and metabolic disorders. The last two decades have witnessed a flood of small molecule sirtuin regulators. However, there remain relatively few compounds targeting human sirtuins in clinical development. This reflects the inherent issues concerning the development of isoform-selective and potent molecules with good drug-like properties. In this article, small molecule sirtuin regulators that have advanced into clinical trials will be discussed in details as “successful” examples for future drug development. Special attention is given to the discovery of these compounds, the mechanism of action, pharmacokinetics analysis, formulation, as well as the clinical outcomes observed in the trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyson M Curry
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Dawanna S White
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Dickson Donu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Yana Cen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States.,Institute for Structural Biology, Drug Discovery and Development, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
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Zou H, Ye H, Kamaraj R, Zhang T, Zhang J, Pavek P. A review on pharmacological activities and synergistic effect of quercetin with small molecule agents. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 92:153736. [PMID: 34560520 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Quercetin is a natural flavonoid, which widely exists in nature, such as tea, coffee, apples, and onions. Numerous studies have showed that quercetin has multiple biological activities such as anti-oxidation, anti-inflammatory, and anti-aging. Hence, quercetin has a significant therapeutic effect on cancers, obesity, diabetes, and other diseases. In the past decades, a large number of studies have shown that quercetin combined with other agents can significantly improve the overall therapeutic effect, compared to single use. PURPOSE This work reviews the pharmacological activities of quercetin and its derivatives. In addition, this work also summarizes both in vivo and in vitro experimental evidence for the synergistic effect of quercetin against cancers and metabolic diseases. METHODS An extensive systematic search for pharmacological activities and synergistic effect of quercetin was performed considering all the relevant literatures published until August 2021 through the databases including NCBI PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. The relevant literatures were extracted from the databases with following keyword combinations: "pharmacological activities" OR "biological activities" OR "synergistic effect" OR "combined" OR "combination" AND "quercetin" as well as free-text words. RESULTS Quercetin and its derivatives possess multiple pharmacological activities including anti-cancer, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-cardiovascular, anti-aging, and neuroprotective activities. In addition, the synergistic effect of quercetin with small molecule agents against cancers and metabolic diseases has also been confirmed. CONCLUSION Quercetin cooperates with agents to improve the therapeutic effect by regulating signal molecules and blocking cell cycle. Synergistic therapy can reduce the dose of agents and avoid the possible toxic and side effects in the treatment process. Although quercetin treatment has some potential side effects, it is safe under the expected use conditions. Hence, quercetin has application value and potential strength as a clinical drug. Furthermore, quercetin, as the main effective therapeutic ingredient in traditional Chinese medicine, may effectively treat and prevent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyang Zou
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Haiqing Ye
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Rajamanikkam Kamaraj
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, Hradec Kralove CZ500 05, Czech Republic
| | - Tiehua Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
| | - Petr Pavek
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Heyrovskeho 1203, Hradec Kralove CZ500 05, Czech Republic.
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The combined effect of green tea and α-glucosyl hesperidin in preventing obesity: a randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial. Sci Rep 2021; 11:19067. [PMID: 34561541 PMCID: PMC8463579 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-98612-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Green tea, a widely consumed beverage in Asia, contains green tea catechins effective against obesity, especially epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate (EGCG), but must be consumed in an impractically huge amount daily to elicit its biological effect. Meanwhile, citrus polyphenols have various physiological effects that could enhance EGCG functionality. Here we investigated the antiobesity effect of a combination of EGCG and α-glucosyl hesperidin, a citrus polyphenol, at doses that have not been previously reported to exert antiobesity effects by themselves in any clinical trial. In a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blinded, and parallel-group-designed clinical trial, 60 healthy Japanese males and females aged 30-75 years consumed green tea combined with α-glucosyl hesperidin (GT-gH), which contained 178 mg α-glucosyl hesperidin and 146 mg EGCG, for 12 weeks. Physical, hematological, blood biochemical, and urine examinations showed that GT-gH is safe to use. At week 12, GT-gH prevented weight gain and reduced body mass index (BMI) compared with the placebo. Especially in those aged < 50 years, triglyceride and body fat percentage decreased at week 6, visceral fat level and body fat percentage decreased at week 12; body weight, BMI, and blood LDL/HDL ratio also decreased. In conclusion, taking GT-gH prevents weight gain, and the antiobesity effect of GT-gH was more pronounced in people aged < 50 years.
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12
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Protective Effect of Honey and Propolis against Gentamicin-Induced Oxidative Stress and Hepatorenal Damages. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:9719906. [PMID: 34512873 PMCID: PMC8433017 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9719906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Bee products are a promising source of phenolic compounds with strong antioxidant activity. The present study was designed to explore the protective effect of honey, propolis, and their combination on gentamicin-induced oxidative stress and hepatorenal dysfunction. This study was conducted on male Wistar rats by intraperitoneal injections of gentamicin (120 mg/kg BW/day, i.p.) or normal saline (1 ml/kg BW/day, i.p.) for 10 consecutive days. Honey (2 g/kg BW), propolis (100 mg/kg BW), or their combination were given daily by gavage to normal and gentamicin groups. Honey and propolis samples were evaluated for their phytochemical composition and antioxidant capacity. The in vitro investigations showed that the evaluated samples especially propolis extract have high antioxidant power associated with the presence of several phenolic compounds such as flavonoids, flavan-3-ols, hydroxybenzoic acids, hydroxycinnamic acids, and stilbenes, while honey contains only hydroxybenzoic acids and hydroxycinnamic acids. It was also shown that simultaneous treatment with honey or propolis extract alone or in association prevented changes caused by gentamicin administration and improved hepatic and renal functions. Changes caused by gentamicin administration, observed by in vivo experiments, include significant elevation of uric acid, urea, creatinine, and hepatic enzyme levels (ALT, AST, and ALP) and kidney biochemical changes (an increase of urea, uric acid, and creatinine and a decrease of albumin and total protein) as well as remarkable changes of renal and liver oxidative stress markers (CAT, GPx, and GSH) and elevation of MDA levels. Overall, it can be concluded that honey and propolis might be useful in the management of liver and renal diseases induced by xenobiotics.
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Mehta S, Sharma AK, Singh RK. Development and validation of HPTLC method for simultaneous estimation of bioactive components in combined extracts of three hepatoprotective plants. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2021.1939046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sharuti Mehta
- CT Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jalandhar, Punjab, India
- Research Scholar at IKG Punjab Technical University, Kapurthala, India
| | | | - Rajesh K. Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Shivalik College of Pharmacy, Nangal, Punjab, India
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Benbouguerra N, Hornedo-Ortega R, Garcia F, El Khawand T, Saucier C, Richard T. Stilbenes in grape berries and wine and their potential role as anti-obesity agents: A review. Trends Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2021.03.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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15
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Duarte L, Gasaly N, Poblete-Aro C, Uribe D, Echeverria F, Gotteland M, Garcia-Diaz DF. Polyphenols and their anti-obesity role mediated by the gut microbiota: a comprehensive review. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2021; 22:367-388. [PMID: 33387285 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-020-09622-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is a global public health problem that results in chronic pathologies such as diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer. The treatment approach based on energy restriction and promotion of physical activity is ineffective in the long term. Due to the high prevalence of this pathology, complementary treatments such as brown adipose tissue activation (BAT) and white adipose tissue browning (WAT) have been proposed. Dietary polyphenols are plant secondary metabolites that can stimulate browning and thermogenesis of adipose tissue. They have also been shown to prevent body weight gain, and decrease systemic inflammation produced by high-fat diets. Ingested dietary polyphenols that reach the colon are metabolized by the gut microbiota (GM), regulating its composition and generating a great array of metabolites. GM is involved in the production of short chain fatty acids and secondary bile salts that regulate energetic metabolism. The alteration in the composition of GM observed in metabolic diseases such as obesity and type 2 diabetes can be attenuated by polyphenols. Recent studies support the hypothesis that GM would mediate WAT browning and BAT thermogenesis activation induced by polyphenol administration. Together, these results indicate that GM in the presence of polyphenols plays a fundamental role in the control of obesity possible through BAT activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lissette Duarte
- Departamento de Nutricion, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Independencia, 1027, Santiago, Chile
| | - Naschla Gasaly
- Departamento de Nutricion, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Independencia, 1027, Santiago, Chile
- Instituto de Ciencias Biomedicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Carlos Poblete-Aro
- Laboratorio de Ciencias de la Actividad Fisica, el Deporte y la Salud. Escuela de Ciencias de la Actividad Fisica y Salud, Facultad de Ciencias Medicas, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Centro de Investigacion en Rehabilitacion y Salud CIRES, Universidad de las Americas, Santiago, Chile
| | - Denisse Uribe
- Escuela de Nutricion, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Francisca Echeverria
- Departamento de Nutricion, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Independencia, 1027, Santiago, Chile
| | - Martin Gotteland
- Departamento de Nutricion, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Independencia, 1027, Santiago, Chile
| | - Diego F Garcia-Diaz
- Departamento de Nutricion, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Independencia, 1027, Santiago, Chile.
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Leena MM, Silvia MG, Vinitha K, Moses JA, Anandharamakrishnan C. Synergistic potential of nutraceuticals: mechanisms and prospects for futuristic medicine. Food Funct 2021; 11:9317-9337. [PMID: 33211054 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo02041a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Nutraceuticals are valued for their therapeutic effects and numerous health benefits. In recent years, several studies have demonstrated their superior performances when co-delivered; the concept of synergism has been established for various bioactives. Apart from improvements in the bioavailability of partnering compounds, this approach can protect the radical scavenging potential and biological effects of individual compounds. In this review, the intricate mechanisms that promote synergistic effects when bioactive compounds are co-delivered are detailed. Importantly, a range of potential medical applications that have been established through such synergistic effects is presented, emphasizing recent developments in this field. Also, a section has been devoted to highlighting perspectives on co-encapsulation at the nanoscale for improved synergistic benefits. While prospects for the treatment of chronic diseases are well-demonstrated, several challenges and safety concerns remain, and these have been discussed, providing recommendations for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Maria Leena
- Computational Modeling and Nanoscale Processing Unit, Indian Institute of Food Processing Technology (IIFPT), Ministry of Food Processing Industries, Government of India, Thanjavur - 613005, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Zhuang T, Liu X, Wang W, Song J, Zhao L, Ding L, Yang L, Zhou M. Dose-Related Urinary Metabolic Alterations of a Combination of Quercetin and Resveratrol-Treated High-Fat Diet Fed Rats. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:655563. [PMID: 33935771 PMCID: PMC8085560 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.655563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Most herbal polyphenols and flavonoids reveals multiple ameliorative benefits for obesity caused by chronic metabolic disorders. Accumulated studies have revealed that preferable therapeutic effects can be obtained through clinical combination of these two kinds of natural compounds for obesity improvement. The typical representative research was the combination of quercetin and resveratrol (CQR), in which the ratio of quercetin and resveratrol is 2:1, demonstrating a synergistic effect in anti-obesity process. Although there exists reports clarifying the mechanism of the combination of two to improve obesity from the perspective of improving adipose tissue inflammation or modulating the composition of intestinal flora, there are few further studies on the mechanism of drug action from the perspective of metabolites transformation. In this research, we mainly focused on the alterations of endogenous metabolites in rats, and analyzed the urine metabolites of obese and intervention model. Therefore, a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) based metabolomics approach was applied to assess the potential effects and mechanisms of CQR at different dosages (45, 90, and 180 mg/kg) in high fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity rats. Body weight gain and visceral fat weight were reduced by CQR, as well as blood lipid and inflammatory factor levels were increased by CQR in a dose-related manner. Urinary metabolomics revealed 22 differential metabolites related to the HFD-induced obesity, which were reversed in a dose-dependent manner by CQR, of which 8 were reversed in the 45 mg/kg CQR group, 15 were reversed in the 90 mg/kg CQR group, and 18 were reversed in the 180 mg/kg CQR group. Combined with bioinformatics and pattern recognition, the results demonstrated that the key differential metabolites were basically involved in amino acid metabolism, galactose metabolism, pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis, pyruvate metabolism and lysine degradation. In summary, our results showed significant therapeutic action by CQR administration and remarkable metabolomic changes after HFD feeding and CQR intervention. Urinary metabolomic analysis was highlighted on account of providing holistic and comprehensive insights into the pathophysiological mechanisms of the HFD-induced obesity, which also supplied clues for the future mechanism studies of CQR's anti-obesity effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongxi Zhuang
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Medicine Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinhua Liu
- Experiment Center for Science and Technology, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen Wang
- School of Rehabilitation Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Song
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Medicine Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Le Zhao
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Medicine Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lili Ding
- The Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and The State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine (SATCM) Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Yang
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Medicine Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- The Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and The State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine (SATCM) Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingmei Zhou
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Medicine Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Jaisamut P, Wanna S, Limsuwan S, Chusri S, Wiwattanawongsa K, Wiwattanapatapee R. Enhanced Oral Bioavailability and Improved Biological Activities of a Quercetin/Resveratrol Combination Using a Liquid Self-Microemulsifying Drug Delivery System. PLANTA MEDICA 2021; 87:336-346. [PMID: 33176379 DOI: 10.1055/a-1270-7606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Both quercetin and resveratrol are promising plant-derived compounds with various well-described biological activities; however, they are categorized as having low aqueous solubility and labile natural compounds. The purpose of the present study was to propose a drug delivery system to enhance the oral bioavailability of combined quercetin and resveratrol. The suitable self-microemulsifying formulation containing quercetin together with resveratrol comprised 100 mg Capryol 90, 700 mg Cremophor EL, 200 mg Labrasol, 20 mg quercetin, and 20 mg resveratrol, which gave a particle size of 16.91 ± 0.08 nm and was stable under both intermediate and accelerated storage conditions for 12 months. The percentages of release for quercetin and resveratrol in the self-microemulsifying formulation were 75.88 ± 1.44 and 86.32 ± 2.32%, respectively, at 30 min. In rats, an in vivo pharmacokinetics study revealed that the area under the curve of the self-microemulsifying formulation containing quercetin and resveratrol increased approximately ninefold for quercetin and threefold for resveratrol compared with the unformulated compounds. Moreover, the self-microemulsifying formulation containing quercetin and resveratrol slightly enhanced the in vitro antioxidant and cytotoxic effects on AGS, Caco-2, and HT-29 cells. These findings demonstrate that the self-microemulsifying formulation containing quercetin and resveratrol could successfully enhance the oral bioavailability of the combination of quercetin and resveratrol without interfering with their biological activities. These results provide valuable information for more in-depth research into the utilization of combined quercetin and resveratrol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patcharawalai Jaisamut
- Faculty of Traditional Thai Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Subhaphorn Wanna
- Faculty of Traditional Thai Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Surasak Limsuwan
- Faculty of Traditional Thai Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Sasitorn Chusri
- Faculty of Traditional Thai Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Kamonthip Wiwattanawongsa
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Ruedeekorn Wiwattanapatapee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand
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Abstract
Obesity has become a worldwide issue and is accompanied by serious complications. Western high energy diet has been identified to be a major factor contributing to the current obesity pandemic. Thus, it is important to optimize dietary composition, bioactive substances, and agents to prevent and treat obesity. To date, extracts from plants, such as vegetables, tea, fruits, and Chinese herbal medicine, have been showed to have the abilities of regulating adipogenesis and attenuating obesity. These plant extracts mainly contain polyphenols, alkaloids, and terpenoids, which could play a significant role in anti-obesity through various signaling pathways and gut microbiota. Those reported anti-obesity mechanisms mainly include inhibiting white adipose tissue growth and lipogenesis, promoting lipolysis, brown/beige adipose tissue development, and muscle thermogenesis. In this review, we summarize the plant extracts and their possible mechanisms responsible for their anti-obesity effects. Based on the current findings, dietary plant extracts and foods containing these bioactive compounds can be potential preventive or therapeutic agents for obesity and its related metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han-Ning Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Jin-Zhu Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Zhi Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Min Du
- Department of Animal Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA
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20
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Vieira CR, Grancieri M, Martino HSD, César DE, Barra RRS. A beverage containing ora-pro-nobis flour improves intestinal health, weight, and body composition: A double-blind randomized prospective study. Nutrition 2020; 78:110869. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2020.110869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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21
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Yang K, Zeng L, Bao T, Long Z, Jin B. Exploring the Pharmacological Mechanism of Quercetin-Resveratrol Combination for Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Systematic Pharmacological Strategy-Based Research. Sci Rep 2019; 9:18420. [PMID: 31804513 PMCID: PMC6895093 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-54408-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Resveratrol and quercetin have effects on polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Hence, resveratrol combined with quercetin may have better effects on it. However, because of the limitations in animal and human experiments, the pharmacological and molecular mechanism of quercetin-resveratrol combination (QRC) remains to be clarified. In this research, a systematic pharmacological approach comprising multiple compound target collection, multiple potential target prediction, and network analysis was used for comparing the characteristic of resveratrol, quercetin and QRC, and exploring the mechanism of QRC. After that, four networks were constructed and analyzed: (1) compound-compound target network; (2) compound-potential target network; (3) QRC-PCOS PPI network; (4) QRC-PCOS-other human proteins (protein-protein interaction) PPI network. Through GO and pathway enrichment analysis, it can be found that three compounds focus on different biological processes and pathways; and it seems that QRC combines the characteristics of resveratrol and quercetin. The in-depth study of QRC further showed more PCOS-related biological processes and pathways. Hence, this research not only offers clues to the researcher who is interested in comparing the differences among resveratrol, quercetin and QRC, but also provides hints for the researcher who wants to explore QRC's various synergies and its pharmacological and molecular mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kailin Yang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Liuting Zeng
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Tingting Bao
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Clinical Medicine (Xiyuan Hospital), Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiyong Long
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Bing Jin
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
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22
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Imran M, Iqubal MK, Ahmad S, Ali J, Baboota S. Stability-Indicating High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatographic Method for the Simultaneous Determination of Quercetin and Resveratrol in the Lipid-Based Nanoformulation. JPC-J PLANAR CHROMAT 2019. [DOI: 10.1556/1006.2019.32.5.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Imran
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Mohammad Kashif Iqubal
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Sayeed Ahmad
- Bioactive Natural Product Laboratory, Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Javed Ali
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Sanjula Baboota
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
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Kashyap D, Garg VK, Tuli HS, Yerer MB, Sak K, Sharma AK, Kumar M, Aggarwal V, Sandhu SS. Fisetin and Quercetin: Promising Flavonoids with Chemopreventive Potential. Biomolecules 2019; 9:E174. [PMID: 31064104 PMCID: PMC6572624 DOI: 10.3390/biom9050174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Revised: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite advancements in healthcare facilities for diagnosis and treatment, cancer remains the leading cause of death worldwide. As prevention is always better than cure, efficient strategies are needed in order to deal with the menace of cancer. The use of phytochemicals as adjuvant chemotherapeutic agents in heterogeneous human carcinomas like breast, colon, lung, ovary, and prostate cancers has shown an upward trend during the last decade or so. Flavonoids are well-known products of plant derivatives that are reportedly documented to be therapeutically active phytochemicals against many diseases encompassing malignancies, inflammatory disorders (cardiovascular disease, neurodegenerative disorder), and oxidative stress. The current review focuses on two key flavonols, fisetin and quercetin, known for their potential pharmacological relevance. Also, efforts have been made to bring together most of the concrete studies pertaining to the bioactive potential of fisetin and quercetin, especially in the modulation of a range of cancer signaling pathways. Further emphasis has also been made to highlight the molecular action of quercetin and fisetin so that one could explore cancer initiation pathways and progression, which could be helpful in designing effective treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dharambir Kashyap
- Department of Histopathology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh 160012, Punjab, India.
| | - Vivek Kumar Garg
- Department of Biochemistry, Government Medical College and Hospital (GMCH), Chandigarh 160031, Punjab, India.
| | - Hardeep Singh Tuli
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana-Ambala 133 207, Haryana, India.
| | - Mukerrem Betul Yerer
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes University, Kayseri 38039, Turkey.
| | | | - Anil Kumar Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana-Ambala 133 207, Haryana, India.
| | - Manoj Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Maharishi Markandeshwar University, Sadopur 134007, Haryana, India.
| | - Vaishali Aggarwal
- Department of Histopathology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh 160012, Punjab, India.
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Boonsong T, Pakwan S, Chawnawa W. Anti-adipogenesis and antioxidative defense status of a crude extract of 'Kalasin 2' peanut sprouts in 3T3-L1 mouse adipocytes. Biochem Cell Biol 2019; 97:740-749. [PMID: 30908941 DOI: 10.1139/bcb-2018-0391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of extracts from germinated (GPE) and non-germinated peanuts (NGPE) on adipogenesis and oxidative status in normal and oxidative-stress-induced 3T3-L1 mouse adipocytes. The treated cells were analysed for cell growth, lipid accumulation, levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), and the expression levels of mRNAs and proteins related to adipogenesis and antioxidative defense systems. The results indicated that an extract from peanuts made 9 days after germination (9GPE) reduced lipid contents and mRNA expression of adipogenesis-related genes to a greater extent than an extract from peanuts made 1-day after germination (1GPE) or from NGPE, respectively. In oxidative-stress-induced adipocytes, 9GPE decreased ROS levels, lipid content, and the protein expression of peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptor gamma, and also increased the protein expression of antioxidants. These results illustrate the anti-adipogenic capacity and oxidative status improvement achievable with GPE, and that it could be used as a putative therapeutic agent in the prevention of and (or) treatment of obesity and diseases associated with oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tantip Boonsong
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand.,Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand
| | - Siriporn Pakwan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand.,Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand
| | - Wanida Chawnawa
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand.,Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand
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Santos-Buelga C, González-Paramás AM, Oludemi T, Ayuda-Durán B, González-Manzano S. Plant phenolics as functional food ingredients. ADVANCES IN FOOD AND NUTRITION RESEARCH 2019; 90:183-257. [PMID: 31445596 DOI: 10.1016/bs.afnr.2019.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Phenolic compounds have attracted much attention in recent times as their dietary intake has been associated with the prevention of some chronic and degenerative diseases that constitute major causes of death and incapacity in developed countries, such as cardiovascular diseases, type II diabetes, some types of cancers or neurodegenerative disorders like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. Nowadays it is considered that these compounds contribute, at least in part, for the protective effects of fruit and vegetable-rich diets, so that the study of their role in human nutrition has become a central issue in food research. This chapter reviews the current knowledge on the phenolic compounds as food components, namely their occurrence in the diet, bioavailability and metabolism, biological activities and mechanisms of action. Besides, the approaches for their extraction from plant matrices and technological improvements regarding their preparation, stability and bioavailability in order to be used as functional food ingredients are also reviewed, as well as their legal situation regarding the possibility of making "health claims" based on their presence in food and beverages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celestino Santos-Buelga
- Grupo de Investigación en Polifenoles (GIP-USAL), Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.
| | - Ana M González-Paramás
- Grupo de Investigación en Polifenoles (GIP-USAL), Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Taofiq Oludemi
- Mountain Research Center (CIMO), Polytechnic Institute of Bragança, Bragança, Portugal
| | - Begoña Ayuda-Durán
- Grupo de Investigación en Polifenoles (GIP-USAL), Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Susana González-Manzano
- Grupo de Investigación en Polifenoles (GIP-USAL), Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
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Zhou L, Xiao X, Zhang Q, Zheng J, Deng M. Deciphering the Anti-obesity Benefits of Resveratrol: The "Gut Microbiota-Adipose Tissue" Axis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019; 10:413. [PMID: 31316465 PMCID: PMC6610334 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Excessive white adipose tissue (WAT) accumulation due to an imbalance between caloric intake and energy expenditure (EE) characterizes obesity. However, brown adipose tissue (BAT) is highly specialized for the dissipation of energy. Recent evidence indicated that the activation of BAT and the induction of WAT browning might be promising approaches to combat obesity by increasing EE and regulating glucose and lipid metabolism. Resveratrol, which is a polyphenolic compound, has been widely acknowledged to have protective effects against obesity and related metabolic disorders. The induction of WAT browning has been considered as one of the crucial factors in the metabolic benefits of resveratrol. Nevertheless, the specific mechanism that is involved is largely unclear. As a prebiotic-like polyphenol, resveratrol is able to modulate the composition of gut microbiota. In addition, in recent years, the impact of gut microbiota on the browning of WAT has received increasing attention and has been initially confirmed to play a role. By considering all these factors, this review explores the potential link between dietary resveratrol and the browning of WAT, which may be modulated by gut microbiota and their metabolites and proposes the "gut microbiota- adipose tissue" axis plays a vital role in the anti-obesity effects of resveratrol. This observation might provide novel insights and targets that could be used for fighting against obesity and associated metabolic disorders.
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Tresserra-Rimbau A, Lamuela-Raventos RM, Moreno JJ. Polyphenols, food and pharma. Current knowledge and directions for future research. Biochem Pharmacol 2018; 156:186-195. [PMID: 30086286 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2018.07.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Polyphenols are a large family of phytochemicals with great chemical diversity, known to be bioactive compounds of foods, species, medicinal plants and nutraceuticals. These compounds are ingested through the diet in significant amounts, around 1 g per day, an amount that be may be increased through supplements. The in vitro action of many representative polyphenols has been reported. However, their beneficial effects and their role in modulating the risk of high-prevalence diseases are difficult to demonstrate due to the wide variability of polyphenol structures and bioactive actions; the complexity of estimating the polyphenol content of food as a result of their variability in foods and cooked dishes; the potential modulation of the effects of polyphenols by food matrices; the addition of polyphenols and their synergistic interactions with each other and with other dietary bioactive components; the modulation of polyphenol bioavailability as a consequence of food composition and culinary techniques; their metabolism by the human body and the polyphenol gut microbiota metabolism in each metabotypes. Computational strategies, including virtual screening, shape-similarity-screening and molecular docking, were recently used to identify potential targets of polyphenols and thus gain a better understanding of the therapeutic effects exerted of polyphenols and modify natural polyphenol structures to potentiate specific activities. Here, we present the most relevant current knowledge and propose directions for future research in these fields, from the culinary world to the clinical setting. We hope this commentary will prompt scientists and clinicians to consider the therapeutic value of bioactive polyphenols and help shed some light on how much scientific truth lies in Hippocrates' famous quote: "Let your food be your medicine".
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Tresserra-Rimbau
- Human Nutrition Unit, University Hospital of Sant Joan de Reus, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Pere Virgili Health Research Center, University Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosa M Lamuela-Raventos
- CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juan J Moreno
- CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
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Kuipers EN, Dam ADV, Held NM, Mol IM, Houtkooper RH, Rensen PCN, Boon MR. Quercetin Lowers Plasma Triglycerides Accompanied by White Adipose Tissue Browning in Diet-Induced Obese Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19061786. [PMID: 29914151 PMCID: PMC6032193 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19061786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Revised: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity and dyslipidemia are major risk factors for the development of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Quercetin, a natural flavonoid, lowers plasma triglycerides (TG) in human intervention studies, and its intake is associated with lower CVD risk. The aim of this study was to elucidate the mechanism by which quercetin lowers plasma TG levels in diet-induced obesity. C57Bl/6J mice received a high-fat diet (45% of calories derived from fat) with or without quercetin (0.1% w/w) for 12 weeks. Quercetin decreased plasma TG levels from nine weeks onwards (−19%, p < 0.05), without affecting food intake, body composition, or energy expenditure. Mechanistically, quercetin did not reduce intestinal fatty acid (FA) absorption. Rather, quercetin induced a slight reduction in liver Apob expression (−13%, p < 0.05), which suggests decreased very-low density lipoprotein-TG production. Interestingly, quercetin also markedly increased the uptake of [3H]oleate, which was derived from glycerol tri[3H]oleate-labeled lipoprotein-like particles by subcutaneous white adipose tissue (sWAT, +60%, p < 0.05). Furthermore, quercetin also markedly increased mRNA expression of Ucp1 (+229%, p < 0.05) and Elovl3 (+138%, p < 0.05), specifically in sWAT. Accordingly, only quercetin-treated animals showed uncoupling protein-1 protein-positive cells in sWAT, which is fully compatible with increased browning. Taken together, the TG-lowering effect of quercetin may, at least in part, be due to increased TG-derived FA uptake by sWAT as a consequence of browning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eline N Kuipers
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Post Zone C7Q, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands.
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Andrea D van Dam
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Post Zone C7Q, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands.
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Ntsiki M Held
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam Gastroenterology and Metabolism (AG&M) institute, Academic Medical Center, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Isabel M Mol
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Post Zone C7Q, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands.
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Riekelt H Houtkooper
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam Gastroenterology and Metabolism (AG&M) institute, Academic Medical Center, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Patrick C N Rensen
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Post Zone C7Q, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands.
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Mariëtte R Boon
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Post Zone C7Q, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands.
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands.
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Lee H, Nguyen TT, Jeong JH, Park JB. Evaluation of the Effects of Biodegradable Microspheres Loaded with Quercetin on Adipogenic and Chondrogenic Differentiation of Cellular Spheroids. Macromol Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s13233-018-6073-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Sohn EJ, Kim JM, Kang SH, Kwon J, An HJ, Sung JS, Cho KA, Jang IS, Choi JS. Restoring Effects of Natural Anti-Oxidant Quercetin on Cellular Senescent Human Dermal Fibroblasts. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2018; 46:853-873. [PMID: 29737207 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x18500453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The oxidative damage initiated by reactive oxygen species (ROS) is a major contributor to the functional decline and disability that characterizes aging. The anti-oxidant flavonoid, quercetin, is a plant polyphenol that may be beneficial for retarding the aging process. We examined the restoring properties of quercetin on human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs). Quercetin directly reduced either intracellular or extracellular ROS levels in aged HDFs. To find the aging-related target genes by quercetin, microarray analysis was performed and two up-regulated genes LPL and KCNE2 were identified. Silencing LPL increased the expression levels of senescence proteins such as p16INK4A and p53 and silencing KCNE2 reversed gene expressions of EGR1 and p-ERK in quercetin-treated aged HDFs. Silencing of LPL and KCNE2 decreased the expression levels of anti-oxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase and catalase. Also, the mitochondrial dysfunction in aged HDFs was ameliorated by quercetin treatment. Taken together, these results suggest that quercetin has restoring effect on the cellular senescence by down-regulation of senescence activities and up-regulation of the gene expressions of anti-oxidant enzymes in aged HDFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Ju Sohn
- * Graduate School of Analytical Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea.,† Biological Disaster Research Group, Korea Basic Science Institute, Daejeon 34133, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Min Kim
- ‡ Genoplan Korea, Inc. and NAR Center, Inc., Seoul 06221, Republic of Korea
| | - Se-Hui Kang
- † Biological Disaster Research Group, Korea Basic Science Institute, Daejeon 34133, Republic of Korea
| | - Joseph Kwon
- † Biological Disaster Research Group, Korea Basic Science Institute, Daejeon 34133, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Joo An
- * Graduate School of Analytical Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Suk Sung
- § Department of Life Science, Dongguk University, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung A Cho
- ¶ Department of Biochemistry, Chonnam National University, Medical School, Gwangju 61469 Republic of Korea
| | - Ik-Soon Jang
- † Biological Disaster Research Group, Korea Basic Science Institute, Daejeon 34133, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Soon Choi
- * Graduate School of Analytical Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea.,† Biological Disaster Research Group, Korea Basic Science Institute, Daejeon 34133, Republic of Korea
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31
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Zhao L, Zhang Q, Ma W, Tian F, Shen H, Zhou M. A combination of quercetin and resveratrol reduces obesity in high-fat diet-fed rats by modulation of gut microbiota. Food Funct 2018; 8:4644-4656. [PMID: 29152632 DOI: 10.1039/c7fo01383c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 362] [Impact Index Per Article: 60.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Resveratrol and quercetin, widely found in foods and vegetables, are plant polyphenols reported to have a wide range of biological activities. Despite their limited bioavailabilities, both resveratrol and quercetin are known to exhibit anti-inflammation and anti-obesity effects. We hypothesized that gut microbiota may be a potential target for resveratrol and quercetin to prevent the development of obesity. The aim of this research was to confirm whether a combination of quercetin and resveratrol (CQR) could restore the gut microbiota dysbiosis induced by a high-fat diet (HFD). In this study, Wistar rats were divided into three groups: a normal diet (ND) group, a HFD group and a CQR group. The CQR group was treated with a HFD and administered with a combination of quercetin [30 mg per kg body weight (BW) per day] and resveratrol [15 mg per kg body weight (BW) per day] by oral gavage. At the end of 10 weeks, CQR reduced the body weight gain and visceral (epididymal, perirenal) adipose tissue weight. Moreover, CQR also reduced serum lipids, attenuated serum inflammatory markers [interleukin (IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)-1] and reversed serum biochemical parameters (adiponectin, insulin, leptin, etc.). Importantly, our results demonstrated that CQR could modulate the gut microbiota composition. 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed that CQR had an impact on gut microbiota, decreasing Firmicutes (P < 0.05) and the proportion of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes (P = 0.052). CQR also significantly inhibited the relative abundance of Desulfovibrionaceae (P < 0.01), Acidaminococcaceae (P < 0.05), Coriobacteriaceae (P < 0.05), Bilophila (P < 0.05), Lachnospiraceae (P < 0.05) and its genus Lachnoclostridium (P < 0.001), which were reported to be potentially related to diet-induced obesity. Moreover, compared with the HFD group, the relative abundance of Bacteroidales_S24-7_group (P < 0.01), Christensenellaceae (P < 0.001), Akkermansia (P < 0.01), Ruminococcaceae (P < 0.01) and its genera Ruminococcaceae_UCG-014 (P < 0.01), and Ruminococcaceae_UCG-005 (P < 0.01), which were reported to have an effect of relieving HFD-induced obesity, was markedly increased in the CQR group. Overall, these results indicated that administration of CQR may have beneficial effects on ameliorating HFD-induced obesity and reducing HFD-induced gut microbiota dysbiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Zhao
- Center for Chinese Medical Therapy and Systems Biology, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
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32
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Yang DK, Kang HS. Anti-Diabetic Effect of Cotreatment with Quercetin and Resveratrol in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2018; 26:130-138. [PMID: 29462848 PMCID: PMC5839491 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2017.254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Revised: 12/29/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Quercetin and resveratrol are known to have beneficial effects on the diabetes and diabetic complication, however, the effects of combined treatment of these compounds on diabetes are not fully revealed. Therefore, the present study was designed to investigate the combined antidiabetic action of quercetin (QE) and resveratrol (RS) in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. To test the effects of co-treated with these compounds on diabetes, serum glucose, insulin, lipid profiles, oxidative stress biomarkers, and ions were determined. Additionally, the activities of hepatic glucose metabolic enzymes and histological analyses of pancreatic tissues were evaluated. 50 male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into five groups; normal control, 50 mg/kg STZ-induced diabetic, and three (30 mg/kg QE, 10 mg/kg RS, and combined) compound-treated diabetic groups. The elevated serum blood glucose levels, insulin levels, and dyslipidemia in diabetic rats were significantly improved by QE, RS, and combined treatments. Oxidative stress and tissue injury biomarkers were dramatically inhibited by these compounds. They also shown to improve the hematological parameters which were shown to the hyperlactatemia and ketoacidosis as main causes of diabetic complications. The compounds treatment maintained the activities of hepatic glucose metabolic enzymes and structure of pancreatic β-cells from the diabetes, and it is noteworthy that cotreatment with QE and RS showed the most preventive effect on the diabetic rats. Therefore, our study suggests that cotreatment with QE and RS has beneficial effects against diabetes. We further suggest that cotreatment with QE and RS has the potential for use as an alternative therapeutic strategy for diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Kwon Yang
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Biosafety Research Institute and Korea Zoonosis Research Institute, Center for Poultry Diseases Control, Chonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung-Sub Kang
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Biosafety Research Institute and Korea Zoonosis Research Institute, Center for Poultry Diseases Control, Chonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Republic of Korea
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Zhao L, Cen F, Tian F, Li MJ, Zhang Q, Shen HY, Shen XC, Zhou MM, Du J. Combination treatment with quercetin and resveratrol attenuates high fat diet-induced obesity and associated inflammation in rats via the AMPKα1/SIRT1 signaling pathway. Exp Ther Med 2017; 14:5942-5948. [PMID: 29285143 PMCID: PMC5740593 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.5331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Diet-induced obesity is associated with systemic inflammation, which is considered to originate predominantly from the adipose tissue. Quercetin and resveratrol are two dietary polyphenols that exhibit anti-inflammatory properties and anti-insulin resistance when administered in isolation or combination (CQR). It remains unknown whether CQR reduces high fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity and inflammation in rats. In the current study, 46 male Wistar rats were divided into two groups, one of which was fed a normal diet (ND, 5.4% fat, w/w) and one of which was fed a HFD (45% fat, w/w) for 3 weeks. Following removal of the 12 most obesity-resistant rats from the HFD group, the remaining rats were divided into two sub-groups: A HFD group and a HFD+CQR group (administered 120 mg/kg/day resveratrol and 240 mg/kg/day quercetin). The results revealed that the HFD+CQR group had significantly lower body weights at 11 weeks compared with the HFD group and had significantly reduced visceral adipose tissue weights and adipocyte sizes. Serum lipid profiles were also significantly ameliorated in the HFD+CQR group. CQR attenuated the expression of systemic proinflammatory adipokines, including leptin, tumor necrosis factor-α, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and interleukin-6. It also reduced the recruitment of mast cells to the epididyotic adipose tissue (EAT). Furthermore, CQR reversed the HFD-induced suppression of 5′-adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase α1 (AMPKα1) phosphorylation and sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) expression in EAT. In conclusion, CQR may suppress obesity and associated inflammation via the AMPKα1/SIRT1 signaling pathway in rats fed a HFD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Zhao
- Center for Chinese Medicine Therapy and Systems Biology, Interdisciplinary Science Research Institute, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Fang Cen
- Center for Chinese Medicine Therapy and Systems Biology, Interdisciplinary Science Research Institute, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Feng Tian
- Nutrilite Health Institute, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Min-Jie Li
- Nutrilite Health Institute, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Nutrilite Health Institute, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Hong-Yi Shen
- Research Center for Health and Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Xiang-Chun Shen
- The High Educational Key Laboratory of Guizhou for Natural Medicinal Pharmacology and Drugability, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Huaxi, Guizhou 550025, P.R. China
| | - Ming-Mei Zhou
- Center for Chinese Medicine Therapy and Systems Biology, Interdisciplinary Science Research Institute, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Jun Du
- Nutrilite Health Institute, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
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34
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Tzanova M, Peeva P. Rapid HPLC Method for Simultaneous Quantification of trans-Resveratrol and Quercetin in the Skin of Red Grapes. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-017-1022-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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35
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Phan MAT, Paterson J, Bucknall M, Arcot J. Interactions between phytochemicals from fruits and vegetables: Effects on bioactivities and bioavailability. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2017; 58:1310-1329. [DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2016.1254595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Minh Anh Thu Phan
- Food Science and Technology, School of Chemical Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Janet Paterson
- Food Science and Technology, School of Chemical Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Martin Bucknall
- Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, UNSW Australia, Sydney, Australia
| | - Jayashree Arcot
- Food Science and Technology, School of Chemical Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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36
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Gomez-Zorita S, Belles C, Briot A, Fernández-Quintela A, Portillo MP, Carpéné C. Pterostilbene Inhibits Lipogenic Activity similar to Resveratrol or Caffeine but Differently Modulates Lipolysis in Adipocytes. Phytother Res 2017. [PMID: 28627722 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The anti-obesity effects of resveratrol shown in rodents are not transposed into an efficient therapy of human obesity. Consequently, the search for molecules mimicking or surpassing resveratrol actions is ongoing. The natural phenolic compound pterostilbene exhibits beneficial health effects and has the capacity to limit fat mass in animal models. In this study, we tested whether pterostilbene modulates triacylglycerol accumulation/breakdown. Prolonged exposure to pterostilbene or resveratrol inhibited adipocyte differentiation in 3T3-F442A preadipocytes. Acute effects on lipolysis, antilipolysis and lipogenesis were determined for pterostilbene in mouse adipocytes, and compared with resveratrol. Pterostilbene was also tested on glycerol release and glucose uptake in subcutaneous human adipocytes. Dose-response analyses did not reveal a clear lipolytic effect in both species. The antilipolytic effect of insulin was improved by pterostilbene at 1-10 μM in mouse fat cells only, while at 1 mM, the phenolic compound was antilipolytic in human fat cells in a manner not additive to insulin. Pterostilbene dose-dependently inhibited glucose incorporation into lipids similarly to resveratrol and caffeine. However, only the former did not inhibit insulin-stimulated glucose uptake. Indeed, pterostilbene abolished the insulin lipogenic effect without inhibiting its antilipolytic action and rapid activation of glucose uptake. Pterostilbene therefore exhibits a unique panel of direct interactions with adipocytes that relies on its reported anti-obesity and antidiabetic properties. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saioa Gomez-Zorita
- INSERM U1048, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), Institut. National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale and Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France.,Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) and Lucio Lascaray Centre, Vitoria, Spain.,CIBERobn Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Spain
| | - Chloé Belles
- INSERM U1048, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), Institut. National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale and Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France.,DIVA expertise, Centre Pierre Potier, Toulouse, France
| | - Anaïs Briot
- INSERM U1048, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), Institut. National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale and Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Alfredo Fernández-Quintela
- Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) and Lucio Lascaray Centre, Vitoria, Spain.,CIBERobn Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Spain
| | - Maria P Portillo
- Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) and Lucio Lascaray Centre, Vitoria, Spain.,CIBERobn Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Spain
| | - Christian Carpéné
- INSERM U1048, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), Institut. National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale and Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
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37
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Arias N, Picó C, Teresa Macarulla M, Oliver P, Miranda J, Palou A, Portillo MP. A combination of resveratrol and quercetin induces browning in white adipose tissue of rats fed an obesogenic diet. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2017; 25:111-121. [PMID: 27874268 DOI: 10.1002/oby.21706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2016] [Revised: 09/13/2016] [Accepted: 09/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze whether a combination of quercetin (Q) and resveratrol (RSV) would induce a white adipose tissue (WAT) browning effect. METHODS Thirty-six rats were fed an obesogenic diet and divided into four groups: control, treated with RSV (15 mg/kg body weight/day; RSV group), treated with Q (30 mg/kg body weight/day; Q group), or treated with both polyphenols (RSV + Q group). RESULTS After 6 weeks, body and WAT weights were significantly reduced in the RSV + Q group. In perirenal WAT of the control, RSV, and Q groups, white unilocular adipocytes appeared in the majority of cells, while in the RSV + Q group numerous multilocular adipocytes with positive immunostaining for UCP1 were observed. The presence of UCP1 was confirmed by Western blot. This group also revealed increased mRNA levels of Cidea, Hocx9, Bmp4, Slc27a1, Pat2, Atgl, and Atp5d. Interscapular brown adipose tissue weight showed no differences between groups, but the Cidea mRNA level was increased in the RSV group, the Cox-2 mRNA level in the RSV + Q group, and UCP1 protein expression in the RSV and the RSV + Q groups. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated that the RSV + Q combination produces a brown-like remodeling effect in perirenal WAT, as well as increased UCP1 protein expression in interscapular brown adipose tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noemí Arias
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Nutrition and Obesity Group, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Lucio Lascaray Center and CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Vitoria, Spain
| | - Catalina Picó
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Nutrition and Biotechnology, University of the Balearic Islands and CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - M Teresa Macarulla
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Nutrition and Obesity Group, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Lucio Lascaray Center and CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Vitoria, Spain
| | - Paula Oliver
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Nutrition and Biotechnology, University of the Balearic Islands and CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Jonatan Miranda
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Nutrition and Obesity Group, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Lucio Lascaray Center and CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Vitoria, Spain
| | - Andreu Palou
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Nutrition and Biotechnology, University of the Balearic Islands and CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - María P Portillo
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Nutrition and Obesity Group, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Lucio Lascaray Center and CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Vitoria, Spain
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38
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Caro M, Sansone A, Amezaga J, Navarro V, Ferreri C, Tueros I. Wine lees modulate lipid metabolism and induce fatty acid remodelling in zebrafish. Food Funct 2017; 8:1652-1659. [DOI: 10.1039/c6fo01754a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates the ability of a polyphenolic extract obtained from a wine lees by-product to modulate zebrafish lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Caro
- New Foods
- AZTI
- 48160 Derio
- Spain
| | | | | | - V. Navarro
- Department of Pharmacy and Food Sciences
- University of the Basque Country
- 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz
- Spain
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Liu YL, Lin LC, Tung YT, Ho ST, Chen YL, Lin CC, Wu JH. Rhododendron oldhamii leaf extract improves fatty liver syndrome by increasing lipid oxidation and decreasing the lipogenesis pathway in mice. Int J Med Sci 2017; 14:862-870. [PMID: 28824323 PMCID: PMC5562193 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.19553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2017] [Accepted: 05/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Some members of Rhododendron genus are traditionally used as medicinal plants for arthritis, acute and chronic bronchitis, asthma, pain, inflammation, rheumatism, hypertension and metabolic diseases. To the best of our knowledge, there is no report on the protective effects of R. oldhamii leaf extract on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in vivo and in vitro. In this study, the effects of R. oldhamii leaf extract on inhibiting the free fatty acid (FFA)-induced accumulation of fat in HepG2 cells and on improving fatty liver syndrome in mice with high fat diet (HFD)-induced NAFLD were investigated. For the in vitro assay, HepG2 cells were treated with FFAs (oleate/palmitate = 2:1) with or without treatment with R. oldhamii leaf ethyl acetate (EtOAc) fraction to observe lipid accumulation using Nile red and oil red O stains. For the in vivo assay, C57BL/6 mice were randomly assigned to three groups (n = 5), including the normal diet group, the HFD group and the HFD+EtOAc group. After 11 weeks, body weight, serum biochemical indices and the mRNA expressions of the liver tissue, as well as the outward appearance, weight and histopathological analysis of liver and adipose tissues were evaluated. Among the fractions derived from R. oldhamii leaf, the EtOAc fraction exhibited a strong fat-accumulation inhibitory activity. Following reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), four specific phytochemicals, including (2R, 3R)-astilbin (AS), hyposide (HY), guaijaverin (GU) and quercitrin (QU), were isolated and identified from the EtOAc fraction of R. oldhamii leaf extract. Among them, AS and HY showed excellent fat-accumulation inhibitory activity. Thus, the EtOAc fraction of R. oldhamii leaf and its derived phytochemicals have great potential in preventing FFA-induced fat accumulation. In addition, the EtOAc fraction of R. oldhamii leaf significantly improved fatty liver syndrome and reduced total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) in HFD-induced NAFLD mice at a dosage of 200 mg/kg BW. These results demonstrated that the methanolic extracts from R. oldhamii leaf have excellent inhibitory activities against fat accumulation and anti-NAFLD activities and thus have great potential as a natural health product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Ling Liu
- Department of Forestry, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Lei-Chen Lin
- Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, National Chiayi University, Chiayi 600, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Tang Tung
- Graduate Institute of Metabolism and Obesity Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Shang-Tse Ho
- Department of Forestry, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Li Chen
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Chen Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Jyh-Horng Wu
- Department of Forestry, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
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Anti-obesity effects of resveratrol: comparison between animal models and humans. J Physiol Biochem 2016; 73:417-429. [PMID: 27981508 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-016-0544-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2016] [Accepted: 12/06/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence of obesity has increased rapidly during recent years and has reached epidemic proportions. As a result, the scientific community is interested in active biomolecules which are naturally present in plants and foodstuffs and may be useful in body weight management. In recent years, polyphenols have made up one of the most frequently studied groups among these molecules. Numerous studies have been carried out on animals to analyse the potential anti-obesity effects of resveratrol, a non-flavonoid polyphenol, and a general consensus concerning the body-fat-lowering effect of this compound exists. By contrast, studies in humans have been few so far. Moreover, in these studies, the effectiveness of resveratrol is low. The aims of the present review are to summarize the results reported so far on this topic and to justify the differences observed between animals and humans. It seems that the reduced response to resveratrol in humans cannot be attributed to the use of lower doses in humans because the doses that induce body-fat-lowering effects in rodents are in the same range as those used in human studies. With regard to the experimental period length, treatments were longer in animal studies than in human studies. This can be one of the reasons contributing to the reduced responses observed in humans. Moreover, animals used in the reported studies are young while volunteers participating in human studies are adults, suggesting that resveratrol may be more efficient in young individuals. In addition to differences in the experimental designs, metabolic differences between animals and human cannot be discarded.
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Enos RT, Velázquez KT, Carson MS, McClellan JL, Nagarkatti P, Nagarkatti M, Davis JM, Murphy EA. A Low Dose of Dietary Quercetin Fails to Protect against the Development of an Obese Phenotype in Mice. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0167979. [PMID: 27959936 PMCID: PMC5154532 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0167979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Accepted: 11/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of a 40% high-fat diet (HFD) supplemented with a dietary attainable level of quercetin (0.02%) on body composition, adipose tissue (AT) inflammation, Non-Alcoholic Fatty-Liver Disease (NAFLD), and metabolic outcomes. Diets were administered for 16 weeks to C57BL/6J mice (n = 10/group) beginning at 4 weeks of age. Body composition and fasting blood glucose, insulin, and total cholesterol concentrations were examined intermittently. AT and liver mRNA expression (RT-PCR) of inflammatory mediators (F4/80, CD206 (AT only), CD11c (AT only) TLR-2 (AT only), TLR-4 (AT only), MCP-1, TNF-α, IL-6 (AT only), and IL-10 (AT only)) were measured along with activation of NFκB-p65, and JNK (western blot). Hepatic lipid accumulation, gene expression (RT-PCR) of hepatic metabolic markers (ACAC1, SREBP-1, PPAR-γ), protein content of Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) Stress markers (BiP, phosphorylated and total EIF2α, phosphorylated and total IRE1α, CHOP), and hepatic oxidative capacity were assessed (western blot). Quercetin administration had no effect at mitigating increases in visceral AT, AT inflammation, hepatic steatosis, ER Stress, decrements in hepatic oxidative capacity, or the development of insulin resistance and hypercholesterolemia. In conclusion, 0.02% quercetin supplementation is not an effective therapy for attenuating HFD-induced obesity development. It is likely that a higher dose of quercetin supplementation is needed to elicit favorable outcomes in obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reilly T. Enos
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States of America
| | - Kandy T. Velázquez
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States of America
| | - Meredith S. Carson
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States of America
| | - Jamie L. McClellan
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States of America
| | - Prakash Nagarkatti
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States of America
| | - Mitzi Nagarkatti
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States of America
| | - J. Mark Davis
- Department of Exercise Science, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States of America
| | - E. Angela Murphy
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Kashyap D, Mittal S, Sak K, Singhal P, Tuli HS. Molecular mechanisms of action of quercetin in cancer: recent advances. Tumour Biol 2016; 37:12927-12939. [PMID: 27448306 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-016-5184-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2016] [Accepted: 07/13/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In the last few decades, the scientific community has discovered an immense potential of natural compounds in the treatment of dreadful diseases such as cancer. Besides the availability of a variety of natural bioactive molecules, efficacious cancer therapy still needs to be developed. So, to design an efficacious cancer treatment strategy, it is essential to understand the interactions of natural molecules with their respective cellular targets. Quercetin (Quer) is a naturally occurring flavonol present in many commonly consumed food items. It governs numerous intracellular targets, including the proteins involved in apoptosis, cell cycle, detoxification, antioxidant replication, and angiogenesis. The weight of available synergistic studies vigorously fortifies the utilization of Quer as a chemoprevention drug. This extensive review covers various therapeutic interactions of Quer with their recognized cellular targets involved in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dharambir Kashyap
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, Punjab, 160012, India
| | - Sonam Mittal
- School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Katrin Sak
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Paavan Singhal
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar University, Mullana, Ambala, 133203, India
| | - Hardeep Singh Tuli
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar University, Mullana, Ambala, 133203, India.
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Castrejón-Tellez V, Rodríguez-Pérez JM, Pérez-Torres I, Pérez-Hernández N, Cruz-Lagunas A, Guarner-Lans V, Vargas-Alarcón G, Rubio-Ruiz ME. The Effect of Resveratrol and Quercetin Treatment on PPAR Mediated Uncoupling Protein (UCP-) 1, 2, and 3 Expression in Visceral White Adipose Tissue from Metabolic Syndrome Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17071069. [PMID: 27399675 PMCID: PMC4964445 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17071069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2016] [Revised: 06/16/2016] [Accepted: 06/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Uncoupling proteins (UCPs) are members of the mitochondrial anion carrier superfamily involved in the control of body temperature and energy balance regulation. They are currently proposed as therapeutic targets for treating obesity and metabolic syndrome (MetS). We studied the gene expression regulation of UCP1, -2, and -3 in abdominal white adipose tissue (WAT) from control and MetS rats treated with two doses of a commercial mixture of resveratrol (RSV) and quercetin (QRC). We found that UCP2 was the predominantly expressed isoform, UCP3 was present at very low levels, and UCP1 was undetectable. The treatment with RSV + QRC did not modify UCP3 levels; however, it significantly increased UCP2 mRNA in control and MetS rats in association with an increase in oleic and linoleic fatty acids. WAT from MetS rats showed a significantly increased expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-α and PPAR-γ when compared to the control group. Furthermore, PPAR-α protein levels were increased by the highest dose of RSV + QRC in the control and MetS groups. PPAR-γ expression was only increased in the control group. We conclude that the RSV + QRC treatment leads to overexpression of UCP2, which is associated with an increase in MUFA and PUFA, which might increase PPAR-α expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vicente Castrejón-Tellez
- Department of Physiology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología "Ignacio Chávez", Juan Badiano 1, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14080, Mexico.
| | - José Manuel Rodríguez-Pérez
- Department of Molecular Biology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología "Ignacio Chávez", Juan Badiano 1, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14080, Mexico.
| | - Israel Pérez-Torres
- Department of Pathology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología "Ignacio Chávez", Juan Badiano 1, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14080, Mexico.
| | - Nonanzit Pérez-Hernández
- Department of Molecular Biology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología "Ignacio Chávez", Juan Badiano 1, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14080, Mexico.
| | - Alfredo Cruz-Lagunas
- Department of Immunology Research, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias "Ismael Cosío Villegas", Calzada de Tlalpan 4502, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14080, Mexico.
| | - Verónica Guarner-Lans
- Department of Physiology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología "Ignacio Chávez", Juan Badiano 1, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14080, Mexico.
| | - Gilberto Vargas-Alarcón
- Department of Molecular Biology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología "Ignacio Chávez", Juan Badiano 1, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14080, Mexico.
| | - María Esther Rubio-Ruiz
- Department of Physiology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología "Ignacio Chávez", Juan Badiano 1, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14080, Mexico.
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The Combination of Resveratrol and Quercetin Attenuates Metabolic Syndrome in Rats by Modifying the Serum Fatty Acid Composition and by Upregulating SIRT 1 and SIRT 2 Expression in White Adipose Tissue. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2015; 2015:474032. [PMID: 26609312 PMCID: PMC4644561 DOI: 10.1155/2015/474032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2015] [Accepted: 10/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Resveratrol (RSV) and quercetin (QRC) modify energy metabolism and reduce cardiovascular risk factors included in the metabolic syndrome (MetS). These natural compounds upregulate and activate sirtuins (SIRTs), a family of NAD-dependent histone deacetylases. We analyzed the effect of two doses of a commercial combination of RSV and QRC on serum fatty acid composition and their regulation of SIRTs 1–3 and PPAR-γ expression in white adipose tissue. MetS was induced in Wistar rats by adding 30% sucrose to drinking water for five months. Rats were divided into control and two groups receiving the two different doses of RSV and QRC in drinking water daily for 4 weeks following the 5 months of sucrose treatment. Commercial kits were used to determine serum parameters and the expressions of SIRTs in WAT were analysed by western blot. In MetS rats body mass, central adiposity, insulin, triglycerides, non-HDL-C, leptin, adiponectin, monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs), and nonesterified fatty acids (NEFAs) were increased, while polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and HDL-C were decreased. SIRT 1 and SIRT 2 were downregulated, while PPAR-γ was increased. RSV + QRC administration improved the serum health parameters modified by MetS and upregulate SIRT 1 and SIRT 2 expression in white abdominal tissue in MetS animals.
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Abstract
Obesity is a pandemic problem worldwide. Dietary polyphenolic compounds show promise in preventing obesity. Resveratrol (RSV), one of the most extensively studied polyphenol compounds, has been shown to exert anti-obesity effects in various animal studies and also in several human studies. The fat-lowering effects of RSV may result from its ability to inhibit adipogenesis, suppress lipogenesis, stimulate lipolysis, promote apoptosis, and increase fatty acid oxidation and thermogenesis, as well as the recently demonstrated induction of the browning of white adipose tissue (WAT). These anti-obesity effects of RSV likely depend on its ability to activate AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), a key enzyme regulating cellular energy metabolism. Consumption of fruits such as berries, grapes and nuts, which contain high levels of RSV and other polyphenols, might help to reduce obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songbo Wang
- College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, P. R. China
- Washington Center for Muscle Biology and Department of Animal Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164
| | - Mei-Jun Zhu
- School of Food Science, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164
| | - Min Du
- Washington Center for Muscle Biology and Department of Animal Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164
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Effects of combined extract of cocoa, coffee, green tea and garcinia on lipid profiles, glycaemic markers and inflammatory responses in hamsters. Altern Ther Health Med 2015; 15:269. [PMID: 26264374 PMCID: PMC4533957 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-015-0806-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2015] [Accepted: 08/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dyslipidaemia is highly associated with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, which have been ranked second and third place of leading causes of death in Taiwan. Some plant extracts have been proved effective against dyslipidaemia. However, the combination of plant extracts was rarely studied. The purpose of the present study is to understand the beneficial effects of a combined extract (comprising cocoa, coffee, green tea and garcinia; CCGG) on lipid profiles in serum, liver, and faeces as well as glycaemic markers and related proinflammatory cytokines by using an appropriate animal model, the golden Syrian hamster. METHODS A total of 40 male hamsters were randomly assigned to five groups: (1) vehicle control, (2) high-cholesterol diet control, (3) high-cholesterol diet of 311 mg/kg/d of CCGG, (4) high-cholesterol diet of 622 mg/kg/d of CCGG and (5) high-cholesterol diet of 1555 mg/kg/d of CCGG. At the end of the experiment, blood, tissue and faecal samples were collected for further analysis. RESULTS After 6 weeks of treatment, CCGG supplementation significantly reduced serum lipid content (triglycerides, total cholesterol and LDL-C) and hepatic lipid content (triglycerides and cholesterol) with dose-dependent effects. In addition, an increase in excretion of faecal lipids (bile acids) was observed after supplementation. Furthermore, the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index and serum proinflammatory cytokine levels (TNF-α and IL-6) involved in dyslipidaemia was markedly improved. In addition, by monitoring biochemical parameters as well as histopathology of major tissues, no toxicity was observed after the consumption of CCGG. CONCLUSION Dietary CCGG supplementation may exert potential effects on ameliorating hyperlipidaemia, insulin resistance, liver steatosis and related inflammation.
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