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Kusman IT, Pradini GW, Ma’ruf IF, Fauziah N, Berbudi A, Achadiyani A, Wiraswati HL. The Potentials of Ageratum conyzoides and Other Plants from Asteraceae as an Antiplasmodial and Insecticidal for Malaria Vector: An Article Review. Infect Drug Resist 2023; 16:7109-7138. [PMID: 37954507 PMCID: PMC10638911 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s433328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Malaria is a life-threatening disease prevalent in tropical and subtropical regions. Artemisinin combination therapy (ACT) used as an antimalarial treatment has reduced efficacy due to resistance, not only to the parasite but also to the vector. Therefore, it is important to find alternatives to overcome malaria cases through medicinal plants such as Ageratum conyzoides and other related plants within Asteraceae family. Purpose This review summarizes the antimalarial and insecticidal activities of A. conyzoides and other plants belonging to Asteraceae family. Data Source Google Scholar, PubMed, Science Direct, and Springer link. Study Selection Online databases were used to retrieve journals using specific keywords combined with Boolean operators. The inclusion criteria were articles with experimental studies either in vivo or in vitro, in English or Indonesian, published after 1st January 2000, and full text available for inclusion in this review. Data Extraction The antimalarial activity, insecticidal activity, and structure of the isolated compounds were retrieved from the selected studies. Data Synthesis Antimalarial in vitro study showed that the dichloromethane extract was the most widely studied with an IC50 value <10 μg/mL. Among 84 isolated active compounds, 2-hydroxymethyl-non-3-ynoic acid 2-[2,2']-bithiophenyl-5- ethyl ester, a bithienyl compound from the Tagetes erecta plant show the smallest IC50 with value 0.01 and 0.02 µg/mL in Plasmodium falciparum MRC-pf-2 and MRC-pf-56, respectively. In vivo studies showed that the aqueous extract of A. conyzoides showed the best activity, with a 98.8% inhibition percentage using a 100 mg/kg dose of Plasmodium berghei (NK65 Strain). (Z)- γ-Bisabolene from Galinsoga parviflora showed very good insecticidal activity against Anopheles stephensi and Anopheles subpictus with LC50 values of 2.04 μg/mL and 4.05 μg/mL. Conclusion A. conyzoides and other plants of Asteraceae family are promising reservoirs of natural compounds that exert antimalarial or insecticidal activity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gita Widya Pradini
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, 45363, Jawa Barat, Indonesia
| | - Ilma Fauziah Ma’ruf
- Research Center for Climate and Atmosphere, National Research and Innovation Agency, Bandung, 40135Indonesia
| | - Nisa Fauziah
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, 45363, Jawa Barat, Indonesia
| | - Afiat Berbudi
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, 45363, Jawa Barat, Indonesia
| | - Achadiyani Achadiyani
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, 45363, Jawa Barat, Indonesia
| | - Hesti Lina Wiraswati
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, 45363, Jawa Barat, Indonesia
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Reinaldo RCPDS, Santoro FR, Albuquerque UP, de Medeiros PM. Taste and chemical composition as drives for utilitarian redundancy and equivalence: a case study in local medical systems in Northeastern Brazil. JOURNAL OF ETHNOBIOLOGY AND ETHNOMEDICINE 2022; 18:4. [PMID: 35078497 PMCID: PMC8787910 DOI: 10.1186/s13002-022-00503-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to verify whether the taste and chemical composition influence the selection of plants in each medicinal category, whether within a socio-ecological system or between different socio-ecological systems. To this end, we use the theoretical bases of the Utilitarian Redundancy Model and the Utilitarian Equivalence Model. We studied the local medical systems of four rural communities in northeastern Brazil, used as models to test our assumptions. METHODS The data on medicinal plants and local therapeutic function were obtained from semi-structured interviews associated with the free-listing method, allowing to generate indexes of similarity of therapeutic use between the plants cited in each region. During the interviews, each informer was also asked to report the tastes of the plants cited. Subsequently, we classified each plant in each region according to the most cited taste. The data about the chemical composition of each plant were obtained from a systematic review, using Web of Knowledge and Scopus databases. RESULTS Pairs of plants with similar tastes are 1.46 times more likely to have the same therapeutic function within a local medical system (redundancy), but not between medical systems (equivalence). We also find that chemical compounds are not primarily responsible for utilitarian redundancy and equivalence. However, there was a tendency for alkaloids to be doubly present with greater expressiveness in pairs of equivalent plants. CONCLUSIONS The results indicate that each social group can create its means of using the organoleptic characteristics as clues to select new species as medicinal. Furthermore, this study corroborates the main prediction of the Utilitarian Equivalence Model, that people in different environments choose plants with traits in common for the same functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Corrêa Prota Dos Santos Reinaldo
- Laboratório de Ecologia e Evolução de Sistemas Socioecológicos, Departamento de Botânica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE, 50670-901, Brazil.
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Botânica, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Rua Dom Manuel de Medeiros s/n, Dois Irmãos, Recife, Pernambuco, 52171-900, Brazil.
| | - Flávia Rosa Santoro
- Laboratório de Ecologia e Evolução de Sistemas Socioecológicos, Departamento de Botânica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE, 50670-901, Brazil
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biologia Vegetal (IMBIV), CONICET - Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Avenida Vélez Sársfield 299, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Ulysses Paulino Albuquerque
- Laboratório de Ecologia e Evolução de Sistemas Socioecológicos, Departamento de Botânica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE, 50670-901, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Botânica, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Rua Dom Manuel de Medeiros s/n, Dois Irmãos, Recife, Pernambuco, 52171-900, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Muniz de Medeiros
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Botânica, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Rua Dom Manuel de Medeiros s/n, Dois Irmãos, Recife, Pernambuco, 52171-900, Brazil.
- Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Rio Largo, Alagoas, Brazil.
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Dos Santos ECF, Machado JCB, Ferreira MRA, Soares LAL. Acanthospermum hispidum DC: An Updated Review on Phytochemistry and Biological Activities. Mini Rev Med Chem 2021; 22:684-700. [PMID: 34517800 DOI: 10.2174/1389557521666210913115651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acanthospermum hispidum DC is a medicinal plant present in America, Africa, Australia, India, Hawaii, and Brazil. In Brazil, the species is used in the treatment of gastrointestinal, respiratory disorders and has expectorant action. In the literature there are studies on the chemical composition of the species, with reports of the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, hydrolyzable tannins, terpenes, and steroids. In addition, several studies have reported in vitro and in vivo studies that prove the biological properties of extracts and compounds isolated from different organs of the A. hispidum plant, including: hepatoprotectors, antioxidants, antimicrobials and antiparasitic. OBJECTIVE The objective of this review is to update the knowledge about the phytochemical, pharmacological and toxicity aspects of A. hispidum, to contribute to the recognition of the species and direct new studies. METHODS An extensive bibliographic search was conducted in different scientific databases. RESULTS The presence of different chemical constituents in A. hispidum have been identified, among them flavonoids, tannins, terpenes, and steroids. Additionally, antimicrobial and antiparasitic activities were mainly attributed to the species, and other activities not previously described were presented, such as anticholinesterase, antioxidant, hepatoprotective, and hypoglycemic, all based on results of in vitro and in vivo studies. Finally, no reports of toxic effects were found in the in vitro and in vivo tests. After analyzing the articles, it was evidenced that other experiments, with different models using animals, are essential to evaluate the possible mechanisms of action of the extracts and compounds isolated of A. hispidum. CONCLUSION Therefore, this review may contribute to the recognition of the importance of A. hispidum and its potential as a medicinal plant and may also guide the conduct of future research regarding the constituents, biological activities, and toxicity of the species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewelyn Cintya Felipe Dos Santos
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco. Brazil
| | - Janaina Carla Barbosa Machado
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco. Brazil
| | - Magda Rhayanny Assunção Ferreira
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco. Brazil
| | - Luiz Alberto Lira Soares
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco. Brazil
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Manuel L, Bechel A, Noormahomed EV, Hlashwayo DF, Madureira MDC. Ethnobotanical study of plants used by the traditional healers to treat malaria in Mogovolas district, northern Mozambique. Heliyon 2020; 6:e05746. [PMID: 33364508 PMCID: PMC7753128 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Malaria is an important parasitic disease that affects mostly the African continent. Traditional medicine is very important in Mozambique and traditional healers play a key role in the primary health care services, particularly in rural areas. We aim to report the results of an ethnobotanical survey undertaken in Mogovolas district, northern region of Mozambique. We recorded and identified the medicinal plants used by traditional healers for treatment of malaria, as well as the mode of preparation and administration. METHODS The study was conducted in 14 villages from Mogovolas between June and August 2015. Sixteen traditional healers were interviewed using semi-structured questionnaires. Under their guidance, we collected medicinal plants and prepared herbarium specimens that were sent and kept at Eduardo Mondlane University Herbarium for scientific identification. We searched for information on the in vitro and in vivo studies of the cited plants for antiplasmodial activity. RESULTS Traditional healers from Mogovolas district reported the use of 37 plants to treat malaria, belonging to 22 families. The most used species are Ochna kirkii Oliv. (5 citations), Ehretia amoena Klotzsch and Pteleopsis myrtifolia (M.A.Lawson) Engl. & Diels (both with 3 citations). These plants belong to Ochnaceae, Boraginaceae and Combretaceae families, respectively. The herbal remedies are prepared using leaves (22/37), roots (18/37), stem barks (16/37) and stems (3/37). The administration of the herbal remedies was made essentially by oral route and bathing. CONCLUSION The ethnobotanical data resulted from this study can be the starting point for further chemical and pharmacological studies aiming to identify medicinal species with antimalarial activity, thus, open the insights for the discovery of new antimalarial substances, as well as better integration of the traditional medicine into the national health systems, particularly in developing countries, as the health system coverage is limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Manuel
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Lúrio University, Nampula, Mozambique
| | - Aurélio Bechel
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Eduardo Mondlane University, Maputo, Mozambique
| | - Emília Virgínia Noormahomed
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Eduardo Mondlane University, Maputo, Mozambique,Mozambique Institute for Health Education and Research (MIHER), Maputo, Mozambique,Department of Medicine, Infectious Disease Division, University of California, San Diego, USA
| | - Delfina Fernandes Hlashwayo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Eduardo Mondlane University, Maputo, Mozambique,Corresponding author.
| | - Maria do Céu Madureira
- CFE, Centre for Functional Ecology - Science for People & the Planet, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Portugal
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Baldé MA, Tuenter E, Traoré MS, Matheeussen A, Cos P, Maes L, Camara A, Haba NL, Gomou K, Diallo MST, Baldé ES, Pieters L, Balde AM, Foubert K. Antimicrobial investigation of ethnobotanically selected guinean plant species. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 263:113232. [PMID: 32768641 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE In Guinea, medicinal plants play an important role in the management of infectious diseases including urinary disorders, skin diseases and oral diseases. This study was carried out to collect medicinal plant species employed for the treatment of these diseases and to investigate their antimicrobial potential. MATERIALS AND METHODS Based on an ethnobotanical investigation carried out in three Guinean regions, 74 traditional healers and 28 herbalists were interviewed and medicinal plants were collected. The most quoted plant species were evaluated for their antimicrobial activities against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Candida albicans, and in addition against Plasmodium falciparum. RESULTS A total of 112 plant species belonging to 102 genera distributed over 42 botanical families were inventoried. Among the selected plant species, promising activities against C. albicans were obtained for the methanolic extracts of the stem bark of Terminalia albida (IC50 1.2 μg/ml), the leaves of Tetracera alnifolia (IC50 1.6 μg/ml) and the root bark of Swartzia madagascariensis (IC50 7.8 μg/ml). The highest activity against S. aureus was obtained for the dichloromethane extracts of the leaves of Pavetta crassipes (IC50 8.5 μg/ml) and the root of Swartzia madagascariensis (IC50 12.8 μg/ml). Twenty one extracts, obtained from twelve plant species, were strongly active against Plasmodium falciparum, including the dichloromethane extracts of the root and stem bark of Terminalia albida root (IC50 0.6 and 0.8 μg/ml), the leaves of Landolphia heudelotii (IC50 0.5 μg/ml), the stem bark of Combretum paniculatum (IC50 0.4 μg/ml) and the leaves of Gardenia ternifolia (IC50 1.3 μg/ml). CONCLUSION The present study provides a comprehensive overview of medicinal plants employed by Guinean traditional healers for the treatment of various microbial diseases, including urinary disorders, skin diseases and oral diseases. Some of the studied plant species showed promising antimicrobial activity and could be considered as a potential source for the development of new antifungal and/or antimalarial agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mamadou Aliou Baldé
- Natural Products & Food Research and Analysis (NatuRA), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, B-2610, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Emmy Tuenter
- Natural Products & Food Research and Analysis (NatuRA), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, B-2610, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Mohamed Sahar Traoré
- Department of Pharmacy, University Gamal Abdel Nasser of Conakry, BP, 1017, Guinea; Research and Valorization Center on Medicinal Plants Dubreka, BP, 6411, Conakry, Guinea
| | - An Matheeussen
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Parasitology and Hygiene (LMPH), Faculty of Pharmaceutical, Biomedical and Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, B-2610, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Paul Cos
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Parasitology and Hygiene (LMPH), Faculty of Pharmaceutical, Biomedical and Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, B-2610, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Louis Maes
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Parasitology and Hygiene (LMPH), Faculty of Pharmaceutical, Biomedical and Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, B-2610, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Aïssata Camara
- Research and Valorization Center on Medicinal Plants Dubreka, BP, 6411, Conakry, Guinea
| | | | - Kalaya Gomou
- Faculty of Sciences, University of Kankan, Guinea
| | | | - Elhadj Saïdou Baldé
- Department of Pharmacy, University Gamal Abdel Nasser of Conakry, BP, 1017, Guinea
| | - Luc Pieters
- Natural Products & Food Research and Analysis (NatuRA), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, B-2610, Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - Aliou Mamadou Balde
- Department of Pharmacy, University Gamal Abdel Nasser of Conakry, BP, 1017, Guinea; Research and Valorization Center on Medicinal Plants Dubreka, BP, 6411, Conakry, Guinea
| | - Kenn Foubert
- Natural Products & Food Research and Analysis (NatuRA), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, B-2610, Antwerp, Belgium
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Cock IE, Selesho MI, van Vuuren SF. A review of the traditional use of southern African medicinal plants for the treatment of malaria. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 245:112176. [PMID: 31446074 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.112176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Revised: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMALOGICAL RELEVANCE Malaria is one of the most prevalent and deadly parasitic diseases globally, with over 200 million new cases and nearly 500,000 deaths reported annually. It is estimated that approximately half of the world's population lives in malaria endemic areas. Malaria is substantially less prevalent in South Africa than in other African regions and the disease is limited to some regions of the Limpopo, Mpumalanga and KwaZulu-Natal provinces. However, it still has a significant impact on the health of the populations living in those regions. Traditional medicines have long been used in South Africa by multiple ethic groups and many people continue to rely on these natural therapies for their healthcare. The usage of South African medicinal plants in several traditional healing systems to treat malaria have been documented (particularly for Zulu and Venda traditional medicine), although ethnobotanical investigations of other ethnic groups living in endemic malaria areas remains relatively neglected. AIM OF THE STUDY To document the use of South African medicinal plants known to be used traditionally to treat Plasmodium spp. infections. We also critically reviewed the literature on the therapeutic properties of these and other South African plants screened against Plasmodium spp. parasites with the aim of highlighting neglected studies and fostering future research in this area. MATERIALS AND METHODS Books and ethnobotanical reviews were examined for medicinal plants used specifically for fever. Exclusion criteria were studies not involving southern African medicinal plants. Furthermore, while fever is a common symptom of malaria, if not accompanied by the term "malaria" it was not considered. Databases including PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus and Google Scholar were used to source research relevant to southern African plants and malaria. Exclusion criteria were those publications where full articles could not be accessed. RESULTS Eighty South African plant species were identified as traditional therapies for malaria. The majority of these species were documented in Zulu ethnobotanical records, despite malaria occurring in only a relatively small portion of the Zulu's traditional territory. Surprisingly, far fewer species were reported to be used by Venda, Ndebele, northern Sotho, Tsonga, Tswana, and Pedi people, despite them living in endemic malaria areas. Interestingly many of the identified species have not been investigated further. This review summarises the available ethnobotanical and laboratory research in this field, with the aim of promoting and focusing research on priority areas. CONCLUSION Although malaria remains a serious disease affecting millions of people, medicinal plants while used extensively, have not been given the attention warranted for further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- I E Cock
- School of Environment and Science, Nathan Campus, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Rd, Nathan, Queensland, 4111, Australia; Environmental Futures Research Institute, Nathan Campus, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Rd, Nathan, Queensland, 4111, Australia
| | - M I Selesho
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Parktown, Gauteng, 2193, South Africa
| | - S F van Vuuren
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Parktown, Gauteng, 2193, South Africa.
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Ghotekar S, Pansambal S, Pawar SP, Pagar T, Oza R, Bangale S. Biological activities of biogenically synthesized fluorescent silver nanoparticles using Acanthospermum hispidum leaves extract. SN APPLIED SCIENCES 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s42452-019-1389-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Ramulondi M, de Wet H, van Vuuren S. Toxicology of medicinal plants and combinations used in rural northern KwaZulu-Natal (South Africa) for the treatment of hypertension. J Herb Med 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hermed.2018.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Kpodar MS, Karou SD, Katawa G, Anani K, Gbekley HE, Adjrah Y, Tchacondo T, Batawila K, Simpore J. An ethnobotanical study of plants used to treat liver diseases in the Maritime region of Togo. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 181:263-73. [PMID: 26732630 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.12.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2015] [Revised: 11/23/2015] [Accepted: 12/24/2015] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE In Togo, many persons still rely on plants for healing, however very little is known about the medicinal practices of the indigenous people. The present study aimed to document the medicinal plant utilization for the management of liver diseases in the Maritime region of the country. METHODOLOGY This was an ethnobotanical survey conducted in the Maritime region of Togo from June to August 2015. The data were gathered from 104 traditional healers (TH) by direct interviews using a semi-structured questionnaire. The calculated use values (UV) were used to analyze the importance of the cited plants. RESULTS A total of 99 plant species belonging to 88 genera and 49 families were cited by the TH as curing the hepatic diseases. The most represented families were Caesalpiniaceae with 8 species, followed by Euphorbiaceae with 7 species, Apocynaceae and Asteraceae with 6 species each. The highest UV were recorded with Gomphrena celosioides (0.13), Xylopia ethiopica (0.12), Senna occidentalis (0.12), Bridelia ferruginea (0.12), Cymbopogon citratus (0.12), Kigellia Africana (0.09), Cassia sieberiana (0.08) and Sanseviera liberica (0.08), showing their importance in the management of liver dysfunction in the surveyed region. The main used parts were the leaves, followed by the roots, the whole plant, the rhizome and the bark, accounting for more than 10% each. The herbal medicines were mostly prepared in the form of decoction and administrated by oral route. CONCLUSION This study showed that Maritime region of Togo has an important plant biodiversity that is exploited by the indigenous TH. However, some plants cited by the TH have not been studied for their possible hepatoprotective effects. These plants are therefore a starting point for biological screenings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madje S Kpodar
- Ecole Supérieure des Techniques Biologiques et Alimentaires (ESTBA-UL), Université de Lomé, Lomé, Togo
| | - Simplice D Karou
- Ecole Supérieure des Techniques Biologiques et Alimentaires (ESTBA-UL), Université de Lomé, Lomé, Togo; Centre de Recherche Biomoléculaire Pietro Anigonni (CERBA), Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
| | - Gnatoulma Katawa
- Ecole Supérieure des Techniques Biologiques et Alimentaires (ESTBA-UL), Université de Lomé, Lomé, Togo
| | - Kokou Anani
- Ecole Supérieure des Techniques Biologiques et Alimentaires (ESTBA-UL), Université de Lomé, Lomé, Togo
| | - Holaly E Gbekley
- Ecole Supérieure des Techniques Biologiques et Alimentaires (ESTBA-UL), Université de Lomé, Lomé, Togo
| | - Yao Adjrah
- Ecole Supérieure des Techniques Biologiques et Alimentaires (ESTBA-UL), Université de Lomé, Lomé, Togo
| | - Tchadjobo Tchacondo
- Ecole Supérieure des Techniques Biologiques et Alimentaires (ESTBA-UL), Université de Lomé, Lomé, Togo
| | - Komlan Batawila
- Laboratoire de Biologie et Ecologie Végétales, Faculté des Sciences (FDS), Université de Lomé, Togo
| | - Jacques Simpore
- Centre de Recherche Biomoléculaire Pietro Anigonni (CERBA), Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
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Elufioye T, Onoja J. In vivo Anti-malarial Activity of Cleome viscosa L. Whole Plant. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.3923/rjphyto.2016.30.38] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Frausin G, Hidalgo ADF, Lima RBS, Kinupp VF, Ming LC, Pohlit AM, Milliken W. An ethnobotanical study of anti-malarial plants among indigenous people on the upper Negro River in the Brazilian Amazon. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2015. [PMID: 26216513 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.07.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In this article we present the plants used for the treatment of malaria and associated symptoms in Santa Isabel do Rio Negro in the Brazilian Amazon. The region has important biological and cultural diversities including more than twenty indigenous ethnic groups and a strong history in traditional medicine. OBJECTIVE The aims of this study are to survey information in the Baniwa, Baré, Desana, Piratapuia, Tariana, Tukano, Tuyuca and Yanomami ethnic communities and among caboclos (mixed-ethnicity) on (a) plant species used for the treatment of malaria and associated symptoms, (b) dosage forms and (c) distribution of these anti-malarial plants in the Amazon. METHODS Information was obtained through classical ethnobotanical and ethnopharmacological methods from interviews with 146 informants in Santa Isabel municipality on the upper Negro River, Brazil. RESULTS Fifty-five mainly native neotropical plant species from 34 families were in use. The detailed uses of these plants were documented. The result was 187 records (64.5%) of plants for the specific treatment of malaria, 51 records (17.6%) of plants used in the treatment of liver problems and 29 records (10.0%) of plants used in the control of fevers associated with malaria. Other uses described were blood fortification ('dar sangue'), headache and prophylaxis. Most of the therapeutic preparations were decoctions and infusions based on stem bark, root bark and leaves. These were administered by mouth. In some cases, remedies were prepared with up to three different plant species. Also, plants were used together with other ingredients such as insects, mammals, gunpowder and milk. CONCLUSION This is the first study on the anti-malarial plants from this region of the Amazon. Aspidosperma spp. and Ampelozizyphus amazonicus Ducke were the most cited species in the communities surveyed. These species have experimental proof supporting their anti-malarial efficacy. The dosage of the therapeutic preparations depends on the kind of plant, quantity of plant material available, the patient's age (children and adults) and the local expert. The treatment time varies from a single dose to up to several weeks. Most anti-malarial plants are domesticated or grow spontaneously. They are grown in home gardens, open areas near the communities, clearings and secondary forests, and wild species grow in areas of seasonally flooded wetlands and terra firme ('solid ground') forest, in some cases in locations that are hard to access. Traditional knowledge of plants was found to be falling into disuse presumably as a consequence of the local official health services that treat malaria in the communities using commercial drugs. Despite this, some species are used in the prevention of this disease and also in the recovery after using conventional anti-malarial drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gina Frausin
- Coordenação de Tecnologia e Inovação, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Avenida André Araújo, 2936, Petrópolis, CEP 69067-375 Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil.
| | - Ari de Freitas Hidalgo
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Avenida General Rodrigo Otávio Jordão Ramos, 6200, Coroado I, CEP 69077-000 Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil.
| | - Renata Braga Souza Lima
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Avenida General Rodrigo Otavio Jordão Ramos, 6200, Coroado I, CEP 69077-000 Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil.
| | - Valdely Ferreira Kinupp
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Amazonas, Avenida Ferreira Pena, 1109, Centro, CEP 69025-010 Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil.
| | - Lin Chau Ming
- Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", Fazenda Experimental Lageado, Rua José Barbosa de Barros, 1780, Caixa Postal 237, CEP 18610-307 Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Adrian Martin Pohlit
- Coordenação de Tecnologia e Inovação, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Avenida André Araújo, 2936, Petrópolis, CEP 69067-375 Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil.
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Ngarivhume T, Van't Klooster CIEA, de Jong JTVM, Van der Westhuizen JH. Medicinal plants used by traditional healers for the treatment of malaria in the Chipinge district in Zimbabwe. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2015; 159:224-37. [PMID: 25449454 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2014.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2014] [Revised: 10/23/2014] [Accepted: 11/07/2014] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Because about 50% of the Zimbabwean population is at risk of contracting malaria each year, the majority of people, especially in rural areas, use traditional plant-based medicines to combat malaria. This explorative ethnobotanical survey was undertaken to document how malaria is conceptualized and diagnosed by traditional healers, and to record the medicinal plants used in the prevention and treatment of malaria, their mode of preparation and administration. MATERIALS AND METHODS The research was conducted in three villages in Headman Muzite׳s area and in Chiriga village. These villages are located in the Chipinge district in the Manicaland Province in Zimbabwe.Traditional healers were selected with the assistance of the headman of the Muzite area and a representative of the Zimbabwe National Traditional Healers Association. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 14 traditional healers from four villages in the Chipinge district in Zimbabwe. RESULTS In total, 28 plants from 16 plant families are used by the healers who manage malaria with medicinal plants. The most cited plant is Cassia abbreviata Oliv. (Leguminosae) followed by Aristolochia albida Duch (Aristolociaceae) and Toddalia asiatica (L.) Lam. (Rutaceae). Roots (55.3%) are the most common part used. Most of the plant parts used to treat malaria are stored as dried powders in closed bottles. The powders are soaked in hot or cold water and the water extract is taken as the active medicine. The healers consider their medicinal knowledge as a spiritual family heritage. Only 25% of the healers refer the malaria patients that do not respond to their treatment to hospital - they believe evil spirits cause their remedies to failure and they would rather try a different plant or perform a cleansing ceremony. CONCLUSIONS Local knowledge of medicinal plants in the treatment of malaria still exists in all four villages surveyed and traditional healers appear to play an important role in primary health care services in this remote rural area in Zimbabwe. This explorative survey underscores the need to preserve and document traditional healing for managing malaria and for more future scientific research on the plants to determine their efficacy and their safety. This could improve their traditional anti-malarial recipes and might contribute to a better integration of Zimbabwean traditional medicine into the national health system in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talkmore Ngarivhume
- Department of Chemistry, Walter Sisulu University, NMD campus, P.O. Bag X1, Mthatha 5117, South Africa; Department of Chemistry, University of the Free State, P.O. Box 339, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa
| | - Charlotte I E A Van't Klooster
- Amsterdam Institute for Social Science Research (AISSR), University of Amsterdam (UvA), P.O. Box 15718, 1001 NE Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Joop T V M de Jong
- Amsterdam Institute for Social Science Research (AISSR), University of Amsterdam (UvA), P.O. Box 15718, 1001 NE Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jan H Van der Westhuizen
- Directorate: Research Development, University of the Free State, P.O. Box 339, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa.
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Ouattara LP, Sanon S, Mahiou-Leddet V, Gansané A, Baghdikian B, Traoré A, Nébié I, Traoré AS, Azas N, Ollivier E, Sirima SB. In vitro antiplasmodial activity of some medicinal plants of Burkina Faso. Parasitol Res 2013; 113:405-16. [PMID: 24318747 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-013-3669-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2013] [Accepted: 10/25/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Malaria remains a major public health problem due to the emergence and spread of Plasmodium falciparum drug resistance. There is an urgent need to investigate new sources of antimalarial drugs which are more effective against Plasmodium falciparum. One of the potential sources of antimalarial drugs is traditional medicinal plants. In this work, we studied the in vitro antiplasmodial activity of chloromethylenic, methanolic, and MeOH/H2O (1/1) crude extracts and decoction obtained from eight medicinal plants collected in Burkina Faso and of total alkaloids for five plants. Extracts were evaluated in vitro for efficacy against Plasmodium falciparum strain K1, which is resistant to chloroquine, pyrimethamine and proguanil using the fluorescence-based SYBR Green I assay. The antiproliferative activity on human-derived hepatoma cell line HepG2 and Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells was evaluated using the 3-[4,5-dimethylthyazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) test in order to determine the selectivity index. Among the plant extracts tested for in vitro antiplasmodial activity, 16 were considered to be inactive (with IC50 > 10 μg/ml), six showed a moderate activity (5 < IC50 ≤ 10 μg/ml), and six were found to have a good in vitro activity with IC50 value ≤ 5 μg/ml. The highest antiplasmodial activity was found for extracts from: the alkaloid leaf extract and the chloromethylenic extracts of Combretum fragrans (IC50 = 3 μg/ml, IC50 = 5 μg/ml), the total alkaloids and the chloromethylenic leaf extracts of Combretum collinum (IC50 = 4 μg/ml), the MeOH/H2O leaf extract of Terminalia avicennioides (IC50 = 3.5 μg/ml), and the alkaloid leaf extract of Pavetta crassipes (IC50 = 5 μg/ml). Three other extracts showed moderate antiplasmodial activity (5 < IC50 ≤ 10 μg/ml): Terminalia avicennioides and Combretum fragrans methanolic extracts and Acacia kirkii alkaloid leaf extract (IC50 = 6.5, 9 and 10 μg/ml respectively). The Terminalia avicennioides crude MeOH/H2O (80:20 v/v) extract of the leaves was submitted to a successive liquid/liquid extraction with ethylacetate and n-butanol respectively. The extracts were investigated for in vitro antiplasmodial activity and antioxidant properties using DPPH(·), ABTS(+) and FRAP methods. The ethylacetate extract showed the best antiplasmodial activity (7 μg/ml) and the active constituent was isolated as ellagic acid by bioguided fractionation with an IC50 = 0.2 μM on Plasmodium falciparum and SI = 152. Besides, Terminalia avicennioides leaf extract and ellagic acid showed a good antioxidant activity. Our finding confirms the importance of investigating the antimalarial activity of plant species used in traditional medicine. Overall, two plants belonging to the Combretaceae family, Combretum fragrans and Combretum collinum appeared to be the best candidates and will be further investigated for their antiplasmodial properties, in order to isolate the molecules responsible for the antiplasmodial activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lamoussa Paul Ouattara
- Centre National de Recherche et de Formation sur le Paludisme, 01 BP 2208, Ouagadougou 01, Burkina Faso, France,
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Ganfon H, Bero J, Tchinda AT, Gbaguidi F, Gbenou J, Moudachirou M, Frédérich M, Quetin-Leclercq J. Antiparasitic activities of two sesquiterpenic lactones isolated from Acanthospermum hispidum D.C. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2012; 141:411-417. [PMID: 22440261 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2012.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2011] [Revised: 02/17/2012] [Accepted: 03/05/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Aerial parts of Acanthospermum hispidum D.C. are often used by traditional healers in Benin for various diseases and especially for malaria. AIM OF THE STUDY To identify active compounds from extracts of Acanthospermum hispidum D.CV. leaves previously shown to possess antimalarial properties and analyse in vivo activity and toxicity of crude extracts. MATERIALS AND METHODS Compounds were isolated from aerial part of Acanthospermum hispidum D.C. and structurally elucidated using extensive spectroscopic analysis. Antiplasmodial activity was evaluated in vitro against a chloroquine-sensitive strain of Plasmodium falciparum (3D7) using the measurement of the plasmodial lactate dehydrogenase activity and in vivo against Plasmodium berghei berghei by the 4-day suppressive test. Selectivity of extract and purified compounds on Plasmodium parasites were evaluated by using MTT test on J774 macrophage like murine cells and WI38 human normal fibroblasts and also against two other parasites: Trypanosoma brucei brucei and Leishmania mexicana mexicana. Acute and sub-acute toxicities of a crude extract were evaluated on mice. RESULTS Two known sesquiterpenic lactones were isolated: 1 (15-acetoxy-8β-[(2-methylbutyryloxy)]-14-oxo-4,5-cis-acanthospermolide) and 2 (9α-acetoxy-15-hydroxy-8β-(2-methylbutyryloxy)-14-oxo-4,5-trans-acanthospermolide). 1 and 2 showed in vitro antiplasmodial activity against the chloroquine-sensitive strain (3D7) with IC(50) of 2.9±0.5 and 2.23±0.09μM respectively. Only 2 showed a high selectivity index (SI: 18.4) on Plasmodium compared to cytotoxicity against human fibroblasts cell line (WI38). 1 and 2 also showed interesting antiparasitic activities in vitro against Trypanosoma brucei brucei (IC(50) of 2.45±0.49 and 6.36±1.42μM respectively) and Leishmania mexicana mexicana (IC(50) of 0.94±0.05 and 2.54±0.19μM respectively). Furthermore, crude acidic water extract and fractions containing one of the two isolated compounds displayed a weak in vivo antimalarial activity against Plasmodium berghei berghei with a long half-life causing a delayed effect. In vivo acute (2000mg/kg) and sub-acute (1000mg/kg) toxicity tests on the crude acidic water extract did not show toxicity. CONCLUSION Crude acidic water extract, fractions and pure isolated compounds from Acanthospermum hispidum showed promising in vitro antiplasmodial activity. Despite our study did not show in vivo acute and subacute toxicities of the crude acidic water extract, its weak in vivo antimalarial activity and the in vitro cytotoxicity of pure compounds and enriched extracts containing 1 and 2 indicate that the aerial parts of Acanthospermum hispidum should be used with caution for malaria treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Habib Ganfon
- Pharmacognosy Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue E. Mounier B1.72.03, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium.
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Wanzala W, Takken W, Mukabana WR, Pala AO, Hassanali A. Ethnoknowledge of Bukusu community on livestock tick prevention and control in Bungoma district, western Kenya. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2012; 140:298-324. [PMID: 22306288 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2012.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2011] [Revised: 12/14/2011] [Accepted: 01/13/2012] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE To date, nomadic communities in Africa have been the primary focus of ethnoveterinary research. The Bukusu of western Kenya have an interesting history, with nomadic lifestyle in the past before settling down to either arable or mixed arable/pastoral farming systems. Their collective and accumulative ethnoveterinary knowledge is likely to be just as rich and worth documenting. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of the present study was to document indigenous knowledge of the Bukusu on the effect of livestock ticks and ethnopractices associated with their management. It was envisaged that this would provide a basis for further research on the efficacy of these practices that could also lead to the discovery of useful tick-control agents. MATERIALS AND METHODS Non-alienating, dialogic, participatory action research (PAR) and participatory rural appraisal (PRA) approaches involving 272 women and men aged between 18 and 118 years from the Bukusu community were used. RESULTS Ticks are traditionally classified and identified by colour, size, host range, on-host feeding sites, and habitat preference. Tick-associated problems recognised include kamabumba (local reference to East Coast fever, Anaplasmosis or Heartwater diseases transmitted by different species of livestock ticks) and general poor performance of livestock. Traditional methods of controlling ticks include handpicking, on-host use of ethnobotanical suspensions (prepared from one or more of over 150 documented plants) to kill the ticks and prevent re-infestation, fumigation of infested cattle with smoke derived from burning ethnobotanical products, burning pastures, rotational grazing ethnopractices, and livestock quarantine. CONCLUSIONS The study confirms that the Bukusu have preserved rich ethnoveterinary knowledge and practices. It provides some groundwork for elucidating the efficacy of some of these ethnopractices in protecting livestock from tick disease vectors, particularly those involving the use of ethnobotanicals, which may lead to the discovery of useful ant-tick agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wycliffe Wanzala
- School of Pure and Applied Sciences, Department of Biological Sciences, South Eastern University College (A Constituent College of the University of Nairobi), P.O. Box 170-90200, Kitui, Kenya.
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Yerbanga RS, Lucantoni L, Lupidi G, Dori GU, Tepongning NR, Nikiéma JB, Esposito F, Habluetzel A. Antimalarial plant remedies from Burkina Faso: their potential for prophylactic use. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2012; 140:255-260. [PMID: 22301449 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2012.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2011] [Revised: 11/24/2011] [Accepted: 01/11/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Saye, a combination remedy prepared from Cochlospermum planchonii Hook.f. (Cochlospermaceae), Cassia alata L. (Fabaceae) and Phyllanthus amarus Schumach. et Thonn. (Euphorbiaceae), N'Dribala, a Cochlospermum planchonii root decoction, and a fruit preparation of Azadirachta indica A. Juss. (Meliaceae) are plant remedies of the folk medicine in Burkina Faso and are commonly used by traditional healers for the treatment of malaria. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed at validating the antiplasmodial activity of the preparations and at estimating their potential for prophylaxis, using the murine malaria system Plasmodium berghei/Anopheles stephensi. MATERIALS AND METHODS Aqueous extracts were orally administered to mice (6 animals per treatment group) at a daily dose of 200mg/kg body weight for nine days, applying protocols that mimic as much as possible traditional recipes and treatment schemes. RESULTS Saye, N'Dribala and Azadirachta indica preparations revealed prophylactic activity, reducing parasitaemia in treated mice, with respect to controls, by 52.0% (CI(95) 46.1-57.9), 45.5% (CI(95) 44.5-46.5) and 45.0% (CI(95) 41.1-48.9), respectively. No evidence of transmission blocking effects was detected with any of the tested remedies. CONCLUSIONS This study confirms, in the murine malaria system, the antiplasmodial properties of the examined remedies on the Plasmodium stages developing in the vertebrate host, thus encouraging studies aiming at identifying the active fractions and compounds responsible for the described activity and to develop standardized prophylactic remedies.
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Bello IA, Ndukwe GI, Audu OT, Habila JD. A bioactive flavonoid from Pavetta crassipes K. Schum. Org Med Chem Lett 2011; 1:14. [PMID: 22373191 PMCID: PMC3305906 DOI: 10.1186/2191-2858-1-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2011] [Accepted: 10/04/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In our continued search for bioactive compounds from plants, conscious effort is being made to rapidly analyze ethnobotanical plants used for treating various ailments by traditional healers before this information is irrevocably lost as societies advance and rural communities become urbanized. Results A compound isolated from the aqueous extract of Pavetta crassipes leaves showed activity against some pathogenic microorganisms which included Streptococcus pyogenes, Corynebacterium ulcerans, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Escherichia coli at a concentration < 50 mg/mL. The compound had minimum inhibitory concentration ranging from 6.25 to 12.5 mg/mL and minimum bactericidal concentration ranging from 12.5 to 25 mg/mL. The compound was identified using 1D and 2D NMR experiments and comparison with literature data as quercetin-3-O-rutinoside. Conclusions This has supported the ethnomedicinal use of the plant, confirmed its activity, and has also provided an easy and simple method for isolating this compound which has a lot of pharmaceutical and cosmetic applications from a new source.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac A Bello
- Department of Chemistry, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria.
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Karou SD, Tchacondo T, Ilboudo DP, Simpore J. Sub-Saharan Rubiaceae: a review of their traditional uses, phytochemistry and biological activities. Pak J Biol Sci 2011; 14:149-69. [PMID: 21870639 DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2011.149.169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Rubiaceae family is a large family of 630 genera and about 13000 species found worldwide, especially in tropical and warm regions. These plants are not only ornamental but they are also used in African folk medicine to treat several diseases. Based on online published data and library bibliographic research, we herein reported accumulated information related to their traditional usages in sub-Saharan traditional medicine, their chemical composition and the screened pharmacological activities. Indeed, more than 60 species are used for more than 70 medicinal indications including malaria, hepatitis, eczema, oedema, cough, hypertension, diabetes and sexual weakness. Through biological screening following leads supplied with traditional healers, many of these plants exhibited antimalarial, antimicrobial, antihypertension, antidiabetic, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Bioactive compounds including indole alkaloids, terpenoids and anthraquinones have been isolated from these bioguided fractionation studies. It is evidence that great attention has been paid to species such as Nauclea latifolia, Morinda lucida, Mitragyna inermis and Crossopteryx febrifuga; however, several compounds should be waiting to be discovered since none of these plants has been systematically investigated for its biochemical composition. According the current global health context with the recrudescence of HIV, much effort should be oriented towards this virus when screening Rubiaceae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simplice D Karou
- Centre de Formation et de Recherche sur les Plantes Médicinales (CERFOPLAM), Université de Lomé, Togo
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Wambugu SN, Mathiu PM, Gakuya DW, Kanui TI, Kabasa JD, Kiama SG. Medicinal plants used in the management of chronic joint pains in Machakos and Makueni counties, Kenya. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2011; 137:945-955. [PMID: 21782014 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2011.06.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2011] [Revised: 06/21/2011] [Accepted: 06/24/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Traditional medicines play an important role in the management of chronically painful and debilitating joint conditions, particularly in the rural Africa. However, their potential use as sources of medicines has not been fully exploited. The present study was carried to find the medicinal plants traditionally used to manage chronic joint pains in Machakos and Makueni counties in Kenya. MATERIALS AND METHODS To obtain this ethnobotanical information, 30 consenting traditional herbal medical practitioners were interviewed exclusively on medicinal plant use in the management of chronic joint pains, in a pre-planned workshop. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION In this survey, a total of 37 plants belonging to 32 genera and 23 families were cited as being important for treatment of chronic joint pains. The most commonly cited plant species were Pavetta crassipes K. Schum, Strychnos henningsii Gilg., Carissa spinarum L., Fagaropsis hildebrandtii (Engl.) Milve-Redh. and Zanthoxylum chalybeum Engl. Acacia mellifera (Vahl) Benth., Amaranthus albus L., Balanites glabra Mildbr. & Schltr., Grewia fallax K. Schum., Lactuca capensis, Launaea cornuta (Oliv. & Hiern) O. Jeffrey, Lippia kituiensis Vatke, Pappea capensis Eckl. & Zeyh. and Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br. are documented for the first time as being important in the management of chronic joint pains. CONCLUSIONS The findings of this study show that a variety of medicinal plants are used in the management of chronic joint pains and the main mode of administration is oral.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanley N Wambugu
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy and Physiology, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya.
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Kemgne EAM, Mbacham WF, Boyom FF, Zollo PHA, Tsamo E, Rosenthal PJ. In vitro sensitivity of Plasmodium falciparum field isolates to extracts from Cameroonian Annonaceae plants. Parasitol Res 2011; 110:109-17. [DOI: 10.1007/s00436-011-2456-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2011] [Accepted: 05/11/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Koudouvo K, Karou DS, Kokou K, Essien K, Aklikokou K, Glitho IA, Simpore J, Sanogo R, De Souza C, Gbeassor M. An ethnobotanical study of antimalarial plants in Togo Maritime Region. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2011; 134:183-90. [PMID: 21167269 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2010.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2010] [Revised: 11/15/2010] [Accepted: 12/05/2010] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Malaria continues to be of great concern in Togo, as it accounts for high mortality rates, principally in children. Although plant-based medicines are the only means in major malarious regions of the country, still very little is known about the medicinal plants and medical practices of the indigenous people. OBJECTIVE The present study aimed to document the indigenous medicinal plant utilization for the management of malaria and related symptoms in Togo Maritime Region. METHODOLOGY Fifty Traditional Healers (TH) were selected with the help leaders of Togolese Traditional Healers Associations and information on their knowledge on the use of plants for malaria therapeutic purposes was gathered using a semi-structured interviews. RESULTS After enquiries, 52 plant species belonging to 49 genera and 29 families were recorded. The most represented families were Rubiaceae and Rutaceae with four species each. Traditional healers agreed more in the treatment of malaria (ICF=0.70), fever (ICF=0.33) and anemia (ICF=0.20). For the treatment of malaria, 38.46% (20/52) of the species cited in the study were of high fidelity level (FL=100%). The leaves (58.22%), leafy stem (33.78%) and fruits (8.52%) were the most used parts in concoctions. The main mode of preparation was decoction (69%) and the administration was essentially by oral route (79%) and body-bath (14%). CONCLUSION The issue of the study showed that Togo Maritime Region TH have a good knowledge of antimalarial plants. However the study must be extend to the whole country to lead to innovative strategies in malaria control. Such results could be a starting point for in vitro antimalarial screenings.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Koudouvo
- Centre de Recherche et de Formation sur les Plantes médicinales (CERFOPLAM), Université de Lomé, Togo
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Chandel S, Bagai U. Screening of antiplasmodial efficacy of Ajuga bracteosa Wall ex. Benth. Parasitol Res 2011; 108:801-5. [PMID: 21264476 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-011-2250-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2010] [Accepted: 10/06/2010] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The rising problem of Plasmodium resistance to the classical antimalarial drugs stresses the need to look for newer antiplasmodial components with effective and new mode of action. In the present study, the traditional medicinal plant Ajuga bracteosa has been screened for its antiplasmodial efficacy. The extract was found to possess significant in vitro antiplasmodial efficacy with an IC(50) of 10.0 μg/ml. Thus, the extract was further evaluated for its in vivo schizontocidal activity and efficacy in terms of survival time in Plasmodium berghei infected BALB/c mice. The extract at 250, 500, and 750 mg/kg/day exhibited significant (p<0.0001) blood schizontocidal activity during established infection with enhanced mean survival time comparable to that of standard drug chloroquine, 5 mg/kg/day. The significant schizontocidal activity and enhanced mean survival time of mice stress the need to identify and characterize active antiplasmodial principle from this plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjeev Chandel
- Parasitology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India.
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Seaweeds as a source of lead compounds for the development of new antiplasmodial drugs from South East coast of India. Parasitol Res 2010; 109:47-52. [PMID: 21188600 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-010-2219-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2010] [Accepted: 12/03/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The problems of resistant lines of Plasmodium falciparum are escalating. Twelve seaweeds species belong to five different families (Sargassaceae, Gracilariaceae, Hypneaceae, Corallinaceae and Halimedaceae) were collected from Mandapam coastal area, and the seaweeds extracts were tested for in vitro antiplasmodial activity against P. falciparum. Among the tested seaweeds, Gracilaria verrucosa (IC(50) 5.55 μg.ml(-1)) and Hypnea espera (IC(50) 8.94 μg.ml(-1)) showed good antiplasmodial activity, and these results are comparable with positive controls such as artemether (IC(50) 4.09 μg.ml(-1)) and chloroquine (IC(50) 19.59 μg.ml(-1)), respectively. Turbinaria conoides, Sargassum myriocystem, Hypnea valentiae and Jania rubens extracts showed IC(50) values between 5 to 50 μg.ml(-1). Sargassum sp., Turbinaria decurrens and Halimeda gracilis extracts showed IC(50) values between 50 to 100 μg.ml(-1). Gracilaria corticata, Jania adherens and Halimeda opuntia extracts showed IC(50) value of more than 100 μg.ml(-1). Statistical analysis reveals that significant in vitro antiplasmodial activity (P < 0.05) was observed between the concentrations and time of exposure. The chemical injury to erythrocytes was also carried out, and it shows that no morphological changes in erythrocytes by the ethanolic extract of seaweeds extracts after 48 h of incubation. The in vitro antiplasmodial activity might be due to the presence of sugars, proteins, phenols and carboxylic acid in the ethanolic extracts of seaweeds. It is concluded from the present study that the ethanolic extracts of seaweeds of G. verrucosa and Hypnea espera possess lead compounds for development of antiplasmodial drugs.
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Ravikumar S, Jacob Inbaneson S, Suganthi P, Venkatesan M, Ramu A. Mangrove plants as a source of lead compounds for the development of new antiplasmodial drugs from South East coast of India. Parasitol Res 2010; 108:1405-10. [DOI: 10.1007/s00436-010-2184-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2010] [Accepted: 11/19/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Ravikumar S, Jacob Inbaneson S, Suganthi P, Gokulakrishnan R, Venkatesan M. In vitro antiplasmodial activity of ethanolic extracts of seaweed macroalgae against Plasmodium falciparum. Parasitol Res 2010; 108:1411-6. [DOI: 10.1007/s00436-010-2185-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2010] [Accepted: 11/19/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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In vitro antiplasmodial activity of ethanolic extracts of mangrove plants from South East coast of India against chloroquine-sensitive Plasmodium falciparum. Parasitol Res 2010; 108:873-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s00436-010-2128-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2010] [Accepted: 10/12/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Ravikumar S, Ramanathan G, Inbaneson SJ, Ramu A. Antiplasmodial activity of two marine polyherbal preparations from Chaetomorpha antennina and Aegiceras corniculatum against Plasmodium falciparum. Parasitol Res 2010; 108:107-13. [PMID: 20844892 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-010-2041-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2010] [Accepted: 08/26/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The ocean covers more than 70% of earth surface and hosts most 300,000 described species of plants and animals to use, which have been virtually unexploited for the development of medicines. Marine plants are the good source of biologically active entities which exhibit therapeutic properties, when applied single or in combination of different plant extracts (polyherbal). Polyherbal preparations are always a complex mixture of different forms and thus different compounds, which might act as agonistic, synergistic, complementary, antagonistic or toxic way. The present study was initially carried out to test the antiplasmodial activity of 13 mangrove plants and eight seaweeds species distributed along the coast of south India. Of these, mangrove species Aegiceras corniculatum and the seaweed species Chaetomorpha antennina have shown maximum antiplasmodial activity. Hence, the present study was mooted out to increase the percentage of antiplasmodial activity when applied as polyherbal preparations. The effect of marine polyherbal preparations from the methanolic extracts of two marine plants A. corniculatum and C. antennina for their antiplasmodial activity was tested. It shows that the polyherbal extract showed 63.50 ± 0.408% suppression of parasitaemia against Plasmodium falciparum at 1.5 mg ml⁻¹ concentration. In vivo test was carried out with rat animal model to find out the effectiveness of the polyherbal extracts in the live system, which reveals that polyherbal extracts have exhibited remarkable antiplasmodial activity (50.57 ± 0.465%) against Plasmodium berghei at 120 mg kg⁻¹ bw. This study shows that combinations of mangrove plants and seaweeds extracts had a source of lead compounds for the development of new drugs for the treatment of malaria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sundaram Ravikumar
- School of Marine Sciences, Department of Oceanography and Coastal Area Studies, Alagappa University, Thondi Campus, Thondi-623 409, Ramnathapuram District, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Baldé ES, Megalizzi V, Traoré MS, Cos P, Maes L, Decaestecker C, Pieters L, Baldé AM. In vitro antiprotozoal, antimicrobial and antitumor activity of Pavetta crassipes K. Schum leaf extracts. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2010; 130:529-535. [PMID: 20561931 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2010.05.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2010] [Accepted: 05/25/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
AIM OF THE STUDY To study the potential benefit of the traditional medicinal plant Pavetta crassipes K. Schum (Rubiaceae), which is widely distributed throughout West Africa, the methanol and dichloromethane extracts were isolated from the plant leaves to determine if they exhibited antiprotozoal, antibacterial, antifungal or antitumor activity in vitro. MATERIALS AND METHODS The methanol and dichloromethane extracts and their specific fractions were obtained using bioassay-guided fractionation and investigated for antiproliferative activity in vitro in microorganisms (Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Candida albicans), protozoans (Trypanosoma cruzi, Trypanosoma brucei, Leishmania infantum and Plasmodium falciparum), and cancer (U373, PC3, MXT and A549) and normal cell lines (NHDF and MRC-5). RESULTS Most of the alkaloid fractions investigated exhibited antiproliferative activity in all the cancer cell lines, microorganisms and protozoans studied. CONCLUSIONS The benefit of Pavetta crassipes as a traditional medicinal remedy was confirmed using antiprotozoal and cytotoxicity assays in vitro. These analyses revealed that the components present in the alkaloid extract of Pavetta crassipes are responsible for its antiprotozoal and cytotoxic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elhadj S Baldé
- Département de Pharmacie, Faculté de Médecine, Pharmacie et Odontostomatologie, Université de Conakry, Conakry, Guinea
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Bero J, Ganfon H, Jonville MC, Frédérich M, Gbaguidi F, DeMol P, Moudachirou M, Quetin-Leclercq J. In vitro antiplasmodial activity of plants used in Benin in traditional medicine to treat malaria. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2009; 122:439-444. [PMID: 19429309 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2009.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2008] [Revised: 01/05/2009] [Accepted: 02/02/2009] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of the study was to evaluate the in vitro antiplasmodial activity of crude extracts of 12 plant species traditionally used in Benin for the treatment of malaria in order to validate their use. MATERIALS AND METHODS For each species, dichloromethane, methanol and total aqueous extracts were tested. The antiplasmodial activity of extracts was evaluated using the measurement of the plasmodial lactate dehydrogenase activity on chloroquine-sensitive (3D7) and resistant (W2) strains of Plasmodium falciparum. The selectivity of the different extracts was evaluated using the MTT test on J774 macrophage-like murine cells and WI38 human normal fibroblasts. RESULTS The best growth inhibition of both strains of Plasmodium falciparum was observed with the dichloromethane extracts of Acanthospermum hispidum DC. (Asteraceae) (IC(50)=7.5 microg/ml on 3D7 and 4.8 microg/ml on W2), Keetia leucantha (K. Krause) Bridson (syn. Plectronia leucantha Krause) (Rubiaceae) leaves and twigs (IC(50)=13.8 and 11.3 microg/ml on 3D7 and IC(50)=26.5 and 15.8 microg/ml on W2, respectively), Carpolobia lutea G.Don. (Polygalaceae) (IC(50)=19.4 microg/ml on 3D7 and 8.1 microg/ml on W2) and Strychnos spinosa Lam. (Loganiaceae) leaves (IC(50)=15.6 microg/ml on 3D7 and 8.9 microg/ml on W2). All these extracts had a low cytotoxicity. CONCLUSION Our study gives some justifications for the traditional uses of some investigated plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanne Bero
- Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, UCL 7230, Brussels, Belgium.
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Soh PN, Benoit-Vical F. Are West African plants a source of future antimalarial drugs? JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2007; 114:130-40. [PMID: 17884314 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2007.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2007] [Revised: 08/09/2007] [Accepted: 08/10/2007] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Ethnopharmacology is a very interesting resource in which new therapies may be discovered. In the case of malaria, two major antimalarial drugs widely used today came originally from indigenous medical systems, that is quinine and artemisinin, from Peruvian and Chinese ancestral treatments, respectively. There is an urgent need for the discovery of new drugs due to the critical epidemiological situation of this disease. New inexpensive therapies that are simple to use and that will limit the cost of drug research are good justifications for this ethnopharmacological approach. Therefore, the aim of this review is to empirically analyse plants that are used for antimalarial treatment in West Africa, and to determine those with real promising antimalarial activity. The major leads such as those extracted from Cochlospermum, Cryptolepsis, Guiera and Azadirachta have been highlighted. Indeed, some extracts seem to be promising in future research, but development of new isolation and characterization techniques, for designing new derivatives with improved properties need to be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrice Njomnang Soh
- Service de Parasitologie--Mycologie du CHU de Toulouse, TSA 50032, 31059 Toulouse, France
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Botsaris AS. Plants used traditionally to treat malaria in Brazil: the archives of Flora Medicinal. JOURNAL OF ETHNOBIOLOGY AND ETHNOMEDICINE 2007; 3:18. [PMID: 17472740 PMCID: PMC1891273 DOI: 10.1186/1746-4269-3-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2006] [Accepted: 05/01/2007] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The archives of Flora Medicinal, an ancient pharmaceutical laboratory that supported ethnomedical research in Brazil for more than 30 years, were searched for plants with antimalarial use. Forty plant species indicated to treat malaria were described by Dr. J. Monteiro da Silva (Flora Medicinal leader) and his co-workers. Eight species, Bathysa cuspidata, Cosmos sulphureus, Cecropia hololeuca, Erisma calcaratum, Gomphrena arborescens, Musa paradisiaca, Ocotea odorifera, and Pradosia lactescens, are related as antimalarial for the first time in ethnobotanical studies. Some species, including Mikania glomerata, Melampodium divaricatum, Galipea multiflora, Aspidosperma polyneuron, and Coutarea hexandra, were reported to have activity in malaria patients under clinical observation. In the information obtained, also, there were many details about the appropriate indication of each plant. For example, some plants are indicated to increase others' potency. There are also plants that are traditionally employed for specific symptoms or conditions that often accompany malaria, such as weakness, renal failure or cerebral malaria. Many plants that have been considered to lack activity against malaria due to absence of in vitro activity against Plasmodium can have other mechanisms of action. Thus researchers should observe ethnomedical information before deciding which kind of screening should be used in the search of antimalarial drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandros S Botsaris
- IBPM (Brazilian Institute of Medicinal Plants), Rua Gal Urquiza 128, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 22431-040, Brazil.
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Zirihi GN, Mambu L, Guédé-Guina F, Bodo B, Grellier P. In vitro antiplasmodial activity and cytotoxicity of 33 West African plants used for treatment of malaria. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2005; 98:281-5. [PMID: 15814260 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2005.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2004] [Revised: 10/26/2004] [Accepted: 01/14/2005] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Thirty-three plants commonly used in West tropical Africa by traditional healers for the treatment of malaria were collected and ethanolic extracts were obtained by decoction. The antiplasmodial activity of extracts was evaluated in vitro against the chloroquine-resistant FcB1 strain of Plasmodium falciparum. Cytotoxicity was determined on the human MRC-5 and the rat L-6 cell lines. Of the 33 plant extracts, eight (24.5%) showed significant antimalarial activity (IC(50) values ranging from 2.3 to 13.7 microg/ml), 14 (42.5%) weak activity (IC(50) values ranging from 15 to 50 microg/ml) and 11 (33%) appeared inactive (IC(50) values >50 microg/ml). Five plants were of particular interest, associating good antiplasmodial activity and weak cytotoxicity. These five included Nauclea latifolia with known antiplasmodial activity and four, Fagara macrophylla, Funtumia elastica, Phyllanthus muellerianus and Rauvolfia vomitoria, for which the description of antiplasmodial activity is entirely novel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guédé Noël Zirihi
- Laboratoire de Botanique, UFR Biosciences, Université de Cocody, 22 BP 582 Abidjan 22, Ivory Coast
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Karou D, Dicko MH, Sanon S, Simpore J, Traore AS. Antimalarial activity of Sida acuta Burm. f. (Malvaceae) and Pterocarpus erinaceus Poir. (Fabaceae). JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2003; 89:291-294. [PMID: 14611894 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2003.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Among strategies to combat malaria, the search for new antimalarial drugs appears to be a priority. Sheering for new antimalarial activities, four plants of the traditional medicine of Burkina Faso: Combretum micranthum, Khaya senegalensis, Pterocarpus erinaceus and Sida acuta, were tested in vitro on fresh clinical isolates of Plasmodium falciparum. The screening showed that Sida acuta has a significant activity (IC50 < 5 microg/ml), and Pterocarpus erinaceus has a moderate activity (5 microg/ml < IC50 < 50 microg/ml). Further chemical screening showed that the activity of the most active plant, Sida acuta, was related to its alkaloid contents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damintoti Karou
- Université de Ouagadougou, Centre de Recherche en Sciences Biologiques, Alimentaires et Nutritionnelles, Laboratoire de Biochimie, 03 BP 7131 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso
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