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Ilboudo DP, Zohoncon TM, Hien YE, Ouattara AK, Traore L, Ouermi D, Djigma WF, Nadembega CM, Belemgnegre M, Ouedraogo P, Karou DS, Traore Y, Simpore J. Dengue Immunological Markers Evolution at Saint Camille Hospital in Ouagadougou (HOSCO) Burkina Faso. Pak J Biol Sci 2022; 25:254-262. [PMID: 35234016 DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2022.254.262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
<b>Background and Objective:</b> Dengue is a remerging vector-borne viral disease in Burkina Faso since the outbreak of 2013 and requires special attention from health authorities. This study reports the prevalence of dengue fever serological markers (NS1Ag, IgM and IgG) and infection dynamic from January, 2018 to December, 2020 among patients tested for dengue infection at Saint Camille Hospital of Ouagadougou (HOSCO). <b>Materials and Methods:</b> The study population consisted of 6414 patients aged 0-97 years. Dengue virus infection was detected in serum or plasma using the SD bioline dengue duo rapid detection kit. <b>Results:</b> The prevalence of dengue NS1Ag was 2.25% (45/2003), 18.43% (501/2719) and 2.42% (38/1569) in the study population in 2018, 2019 and 2020, respectively. The age groups over 50 years and 15-20 years were significantly more infected compared to the group 21-30 years respectively in 2019 (p = 0.030) and 2020 (p = 0.035). Patients tested positive for at least one of these markers (NSlAg, IgG and IgM) represented 26.01% (521/2003) and 38.98% (1060/2719). The peak of infection during 2018 and 2019 was observed between October and November. The present study reports a high seroprevalence of acute dengue virus infection. The presence of NS1Ag, IgM and IgG in patients suggests an active circulation of the dengue virus in Ouagadougou. <b>Conclusion:</b> Data shows recurrent outbreaks of dengue infection in our country need strong surveillance and a suitable and affordable diagnostic system to clarify the burden, pinpoint the risk factors and for better case management.
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Ouermi D, Soubeiga D, Nadembega WMC, Sawadogo PM, Zohoncon TM, Obiri-Yeboah D, Djigma FW, Nordgren J, Simpore J. Molecular Epidemiology of Rotavirus in Children under Five in Africa (2006-2016): A Systematic Review. Pak J Biol Sci 2017; 20:59-69. [PMID: 29022996 DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2017.59.69] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Group A human rotaviruses (RVA) are the most common causes of severe viral gastroenteritis in infants and young children worldwide. The available vaccines, while effective in Europe and North America have shown a reduced efficacy in Africa. One issue raised is the genetic variability of RVA. The objective of this study was to perform a literature review of molecular epidemiology to determine the prevalence of RVA genotypes circulating in Africa so as to establish a mapping of reliable data on these various genotypes. The search for articles was done from the National Institutes of Health (PUBMED) using three set of keywords. Articles were selected with inclusion criteria such as the date of publication, the age of the children, the sample size and the diagnostic techniques (standardized laboratory techniques). The data were imported into STATA SE version 11 software. Specific prevalence was estimated with Confidence Intervals (CI) of 95%. A total of 326 published studies were initially retrieved, out of which 27 studies were finally selected for the systematic review. The selected studies cover 20 African countries. The most encountered genotypes in Africa during this period were G1 (32.72%), followed by G2 (17.17%), G3 (9.88%), G9 (8.61%) and G12 (7.56%) among the G-types. The most common P-types were P[8] (48.71%) followed by P[6] (22.60%) and P[4] (11.58%) and the G1P[8] combination (22.64%) was the most encountered followed by G2P[4] (8.29%), G9P[8] (6.95%) and G2P[6] (5.00%). North Africa presented the highest prevalence of the P[8] genotype (65.70%). This review provides a comprehensive view of the current circulating rotavirus strains in Africa, which can be important in light of the new rotavirus vaccinations. Indeed, in Africa, the pursuit of national and continental studies for epidemiological surveillance of circulating rotavirus strains is vital for the promotion of future successful vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Ouermi
- Centre de Recherche Biomoléculaire Pietro Annigoni (CERBA)/LABIOGENE, Université Ouaga I Professeur Joseph KI-ZERBO, 01 B.P. 364, 01 Ouagadougou, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso, West Africa
| | - D Soubeiga
- Institut de Formation et de Recherche Interdisciplinaires en Santé (IFRIS), Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | - W M C Nadembega
- Centre de Recherche Biomoléculaire Pietro Annigoni (CERBA)/LABIOGENE, Université Ouaga I Professeur Joseph KI-ZERBO, 01 B.P. 364, 01 Ouagadougou, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso, West Africa
| | - P M Sawadogo
- Institut de Formation et de Recherche Interdisciplinaires en Santé (IFRIS), Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | - T M Zohoncon
- Centre de Recherche Biomoléculaire Pietro Annigoni (CERBA)/LABIOGENE, Université Ouaga I Professeur Joseph KI-ZERBO, 01 B.P. 364, 01 Ouagadougou, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso, West Africa
| | - D Obiri-Yeboah
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - F W Djigma
- Centre de Recherche Biomoléculaire Pietro Annigoni (CERBA)/LABIOGENE, Université Ouaga I Professeur Joseph KI-ZERBO, 01 B.P. 364, 01 Ouagadougou, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso, West Africa
| | - J Nordgren
- Division of Molecular Virology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - J Simpore
- University Saint Thomas d'Aquin, USTA, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
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Traore IMA, Zohoncon TM, Ndo O, Djigma FW, Obiri-Yeboah D, Compaore TR, Guigma SP, Yonli AT, Traore G, Ouedraogo P, Ouedraogo CMR, Traore Y, Simpore J. Oncogenic Human Papillomavirus Infection and Genotype Characterization among Women in Orodara, Western Burkina Faso. Pak J Biol Sci 2017; 19:306-311. [PMID: 29023032 DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2016.306.311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Cervical cancer usually occurs several years after persistent infection with oncogenic or high-risk human papillomavirus. The objective of this study was to determine carriage of 14 genotypes of high-risk human papillomavirus among women at Orodara and then characterize the genotypes found in these women. MATERIALS AND METHODS From June to July 2015, 120 women from the general population were recruited in the health district of Orodara. They voluntarily agreed to participate in the study. Endocervical samples were taken from these women prior to screening for precancerous lesions by visual inspection with acetic acid and lugol's iodine. Identification of high-risk human papillomavirus genotype was done using real-time PCR. RESULTS High-risk human papillomavirus prevalence was 38.3% and the most common genotypes were HPV 52 (25.4%), HPV 33 (20.6%) and HPV 59 (11.1%). The HPV 66 was also identified with a prevalence of 9.5%. CONCLUSION The HPV 16 and HPV 18 which are frequently associated with cancer worldwide were not found among the most frequent oncogenic HPV in women in Orodara.
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Affiliation(s)
- I M A Traore
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Genetics (LABIOGENE), University of Ouagadougou, 03 BP 7021 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso
| | - T M Zohoncon
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Genetics (LABIOGENE), University of Ouagadougou, 03 BP 7021 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso
| | - O Ndo
- Health District of Orodara, Burkina Faso
| | - F W Djigma
- Pietro Annigoni Biomolecular Research Center (CERBA), 01 BP 364 Ouagadougou 01, Burkina Faso
| | - D Obiri-Yeboah
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - T R Compaore
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Genetics (LABIOGENE), University of Ouagadougou, 03 BP 7021 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso
| | - S P Guigma
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Genetics (LABIOGENE), University of Ouagadougou, 03 BP 7021 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso
| | - A T Yonli
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Genetics (LABIOGENE), University of Ouagadougou, 03 BP 7021 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso
| | - G Traore
- Obstetrician-gynecologist, Polyvalent Medical Ce nter-Health and Reproduction, Bobo, Burkina Faso
| | - P Ouedraogo
- Faculty of Medicine, University Saint Thomas d' Aquin, 06 BP 10212 Ouagadougou 01, Burkina Faso
| | - C M R Ouedraogo
- Obstetrician-gynecologist, UFR/SDS, University of Ouagadougou, 03 BP 7021 Ouagadougou 03,Yalgado Ouedraogo University Hospital (CHU/YO), 03 BP 7022, Burkina Faso
| | - Y Traore
- Training and Research Unit in Life and Earth Science (UFR/SVT), University of Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | - J Simpore
- Faculty of Medicine, University Saint Thomas d' Aquin, 06 BP 10212 Ouagadougou 01, Burkina Faso
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Kologo K, Tchelougou D, Karou D, Yaméogo N, Bisseye C, Djigma F, Ouermi D, Compaore T, Assih M, Pietra V, Millogo G, Kinda G, Samadoulougou A, Zabsonre P, Simpore J. Renin-angiotensin system genes polymorphisms and essential hypertension in Burkina Faso, West Africa. Archives of Cardiovascular Diseases Supplements 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/s1878-6480(17)30277-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Zohoncon TM, Ouedraogo TC, Brun LVC, Obiri-Yeboah D, Djigma WF, Kabibou S, Ouattara S, Gomina M, Yonli AT, Bazie VJTE, Ouedraogo C, Lompo O, Akpona SA, Simpore J. Molecular Epidemiology of High-Risk Human Papillomavirus in High-Grade Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia and in Cervical Cancer in Parakou, Republic of Benin. Pak J Biol Sci 2016; 19:49-56. [PMID: 29023039 DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2016.49.56] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Human papilloma virus (HPV) infection remains a worldwide concern, especially in Sub-Saharan Africa where cervical cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in women. The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence and genotypic distribution of High-Risk HPV (HR-HPV) involved in Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia (CIN) II and III and in cervical cancer in Parakou. Out of a total of 149 samples of cervical tissues archived, fixed and paraffin-embedded, 78 samples with histological diagnosis of CIN-II, CIN-III and cervical cancer went through deparaffinization with xylene, followed by an extraction of HPV DNA and the detection of HR-HPV by real-time multiplex PCR. The average age of the women was 40.05±13.99 years. The samples were positive to at least one HR-HPV genotype in 76.92% (50/65) of cases. The HR-HPV genotypes which are most common in the cervical cancer and in CIN-II and III were, respectively HPV-39 (38 and 37.50%), HPV-18 (35 and 31.30%), HPV-45 (35 and 31.30%), HPV-35 (9 and 25%) and HPV-52 (9 and 12.50%). The HPV-16 was absent. This study helped to detect (in samples archived, fixed and paraffin-embedded tissues) HR-HPV involved in high-grade precancerous lesions and in cervical cancer in Parakou, some of which are not covered by currently available vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- T M Zohoncon
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Genetics (LABIOGENE), University of Ouagadougou, 03 BP 7021 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso
| | - T C Ouedraogo
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Genetics (LABIOGENE), University of Ouagadougou, 03 BP 7021 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso
| | - L V C Brun
- Teaching and Research Unit in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Parakou, BP 123 Parakou,Republic of Benin
| | - D Obiri-Yeboah
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Coast, University Post Office, Ghana
| | - W F Djigma
- Pietro Annigoni Biomolecular Research Center (CERBA), 01 BP 364 Ouagadougou 01, Burkina Faso
| | - S Kabibou
- Department of Service of Gynecology, University Hospital of Borgou and Alibori (CHUD-B/A), BP 123 Parakou, Republic of Benin
| | - S Ouattara
- Yalgado Ouédraogo University Hospital (CHU/YO), 03 BP 7022, Republic of Benin
| | - M Gomina
- Teaching and Research Unit in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Parakou, BP 123 Parakou, Republic of Benin
| | - A T Yonli
- Pietro Annigoni Biomolecular Research Center (CERBA), 01 BP 364 Ouagadougou 01, Burkina Faso
| | - V J T E Bazie
- Pietro Annigoni Biomolecular Research Center (CERBA), 01 BP 364 Ouagadougou 01, Burkina Faso
| | - C Ouedraogo
- Yalgado Ouédraogo University Hospital (CHU/YO), 03 BP 7022, Republic of Benin
| | - O Lompo
- Yalgado Ouédraogo University Hospital (CHU/YO), 03 BP 7022, Republic of Benin
| | - S A Akpona
- Teaching and Research Unit in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Parakou, BP 123 Parakou, Republic of Benin
| | - J Simpore
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Saint Thomas d'Aquin, 06 BP 10212 Ouagadougou 01, Burkina Faso
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Sanou M, Soubeiga ST, Bationo F, Compaore TR, Zohoncon TM, Diatto GN, Ouedraogo P, Pietra V, Nagalo BM, Bisseye C, Traore RO, Simpore J. A decade of follow-up and therapeutic drug monitoring in HIV-2 immunocompromised patients at St Camille and General Lamizana Military Medical Centers, Burkina Faso, West Africa. Pak J Biol Sci 2015; 17:1219-24. [PMID: 26027168 DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2014.1219.1224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Although, HIV-2 is generally less pathogenic than HIV-1 and its progression towards AIDS occurs less frequently. HIV-2 remains an important cause of disease in West Africa. This study aimed to evaluate HIV-1 and HIV-2 prevalence among pregnant women and to describe the demographic and clinical profile of patients with HIV-2 infection from 2003-2013 at St Camille and General Lamizana Military Medical Centers. A retrospective investigation was conducted using 12,287 medical records from patients screened for HIV. To respond to the lack of data available regarding HIV-2 treatment and also to address the approach to clinical, biological as well as therapeutic monitoring, 62 HIV-2 infected patients' medical records were studied. Seroprevalence of 10.6 and 0.14% were obtained, respectively for HIV-1 and HIV-2 among 12,287 women screened during the study period. From the sixty two (62) HIV-2 patients, the average age was 49.2 years (sex ratio was 0.65). The weight loss and diarrhea were the major clinical manifestations observed, respectively 54.8 and 25.8%. Fungi and herpes zoster (shingles) infections were reported as major opportunistic infections. Also, nearly half of the patients had more than 60 kg, less than 2% were in WHO stage IV and about 2/3 had a CD4 count bellow 250 cells mm(-3). AZT-3TC-IDV/LPV/R was the most prescribed combination. The gain in weight gain the Body Mass Index (BMI) improvement and the non-significant increase of the rate of CD4 between 1st (M1) and 24th month (M24) were observed after treatment with antiviral.
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Sagna T, Bisseye C, Kagone TS, Djigma FW, Ouermi D, Zeba MTA, Bazié VJT, Douamba Z, Moret R, Pietra V, Koama A, Pignatelli S, Gnoula C, Sia JD, Nikiema JB, Simpore J. PMTCT of HIV-1 in Burkina Faso: evaluation of residual vertical transmission by PCR, molecular characterization of subtypes and determination of antiretroviral drugs resistance. BMC Infect Dis 2014. [PMCID: PMC4220963 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2334-14-s2-p59] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Yameogo NV, Kologo KJ, Yameogo AA, Yonaba C, Millogo GRC, Kissou SA, Toguyeni BJY, Samadoulougou AK, Pignatelli S, Simpore J, Zabsonre P. [Infective endocarditis in sub-Saharan african children, cross-sectional study about 19 cases in Ouagadougou at Burkina Faso]. Ann Cardiol Angeiol (Paris) 2014; 63:7-10. [PMID: 23578437 DOI: 10.1016/j.ancard.2013.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2012] [Accepted: 02/15/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Infective endocarditis is a transplant of a microorganism on a most often injured endocardium. It is rare in children. This work aimed to determine the frequency of endocarditis of the child, to describe clinical presentation, data from echocardiography, microbiological profile and clinical course. PATIENTS AND METHODS From May 1 2010 to April 30 2011, we consecutively included children received for infective endocarditis in two medical centers in the city of Ouagadougou: Saint-Camille medical center and teaching hospital Yalgado-Ouedraogo. We investigated the functional and general signs and treatment already received. The physical examination looking for an infectious syndrome, pneumonia, heart failure and entrance doors. Blood cultures, blood count, creatinine, blood chemistry, HIV status, electrocardiogram, chest radiography and cardiac Doppler ultrasound were systematic. The diagnosis of the disease was based on Duke criteria. RESULTS Nineteen endocarditis in children were reported, that is 1.7% of admissions. The average age was 4.7 ± 2.6 years (extremes: 1 and 14). The sex ratio was 1.7 for girls. The clinical presentation was a common infectious syndrome. Impaired general condition and congestive heart failure were present on admission in six cases, respectively. The front door was dental in nine cases (47.4%), skin in four cases (21%) and ENT in three cases (15.8%). A peripheral vein was implicated in one case. In the two other cases, no front door had been found. HIV serology was positive in four cases. As for the blood cultures, they were positive in 13 cases. The germs found were Streptococcus in 10 cases and staphylococcus in three cases. Echocardiography had revealed vegetations in 18 cases. These vegetations were localized on the mitral in nine cases. Multiple locations were found in four cases. Underlying heart disease was dominated by rheumatic valve disease (68.4%), healthy heart forms were found in two cases. Treatment consisted of antibiotics, antipyretic treatment and that of heart failure as appropriate. The evolution was marked by five deaths (26.3%) in an array of septic shock. Death was more important in congenital heart disease. CONCLUSION Infective endocarditis of the child is common in our practice. The clinical syndrome is common infectious. Streptococcus and Staphylococcus are the two germs found. The main door is dental. Hence, dental care should be promoted for better prevention of infective endocarditis in our context.
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Affiliation(s)
- N V Yameogo
- Service de cardiologie, CHU Yalgado-Ouedraogo, 03 BP, 7022 Ouagadougou cedex 03, Burkina Faso.
| | - K J Kologo
- Service de cardiologie, CHU Yalgado-Ouedraogo, 03 BP, 7022 Ouagadougou cedex 03, Burkina Faso
| | - A A Yameogo
- Service de cardiologie, CHU Yalgado-Ouedraogo, 03 BP, 7022 Ouagadougou cedex 03, Burkina Faso
| | - C Yonaba
- Service de cardiologie, CHU Yalgado-Ouedraogo, 03 BP, 7022 Ouagadougou cedex 03, Burkina Faso
| | - G R C Millogo
- Service de cardiologie, CHU Yalgado-Ouedraogo, 03 BP, 7022 Ouagadougou cedex 03, Burkina Faso
| | - S A Kissou
- Service de cardiologie, CHU Yalgado-Ouedraogo, 03 BP, 7022 Ouagadougou cedex 03, Burkina Faso
| | - B J Y Toguyeni
- Service de cardiologie, CHU Yalgado-Ouedraogo, 03 BP, 7022 Ouagadougou cedex 03, Burkina Faso
| | - A K Samadoulougou
- Service de cardiologie, CHU Yalgado-Ouedraogo, 03 BP, 7022 Ouagadougou cedex 03, Burkina Faso
| | - S Pignatelli
- Service de cardiologie, CHU Yalgado-Ouedraogo, 03 BP, 7022 Ouagadougou cedex 03, Burkina Faso
| | - J Simpore
- Service de cardiologie, CHU Yalgado-Ouedraogo, 03 BP, 7022 Ouagadougou cedex 03, Burkina Faso
| | - P Zabsonre
- Service de cardiologie, CHU Yalgado-Ouedraogo, 03 BP, 7022 Ouagadougou cedex 03, Burkina Faso
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Zeba MTA, Ouattara CAT, Karou SD, Bisseye C, Ouermi D, Djigma FW, Sagna T, Pietra V, Moret R, Nikiema J, Simpore J. Prevalence of HBV and HCV markers among patients attending the Saint Camille Medical Centre in Ouagadougou. Pak J Biol Sci 2013; 15:484-9. [PMID: 24187903 DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2012.484.489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
HCV and HBV cause annually, 2000 deaths from liver cancer in Burkina Faso. In this country, serological screening of hepatitis viruses B and C is only systematic among blood donors. The aims of this study were; (1) to investigate the reasons for the prescription of the screening for hepatitis B and C; (2) to determine HCV and HBV prevalence among 462 patients attending the Saint Camille Centre and (3) to identify patients with acute hepatitis or with chronic hepatitis for better monitoring. From February to May 2012, 462 patients attending the laboratory of the Saint Camille Medical Centre with viral hepatitis suspicion were screened. The hepatitis B and C serological markers were detected through Enzyme Immuno Assay (EIA) technique using commercial reagent kits. The clinical symptoms were also recorded for each patient. The results revealed that, the main clinical symptoms that prompted physicians to request HBV and HCV screenings were: asthenia (39.4%), anorexia (21.2%), abdominal pains (19.0%), nausea (10.4%), others (10.0%). The prevalence of HbsAg was 29.4% among the screened people. Patients with acute hepatitis B, active chronic hepatitis B and non-active chronic hepatitis B represented 11.2, 2.2 and 16.0%, respectively. The acquisition of immunity against HBV after vaccination was attempted for 11.7% people. HCV prevalence was 3.9% and its coinfection with HBV was 2.2%. This study showed a high prevalence for hepatitis B and C among patients attending Saint Camille Medical Centre. Without hygiene education and HBV/HCV prevention, viral hepatitis infection will become a serious public health problem in Burkina Faso.
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Affiliation(s)
- M T A Zeba
- Centre de Recherche Biomoléculaire Pietro Annigoni, CERBA/LABIOGENE, Université de Ouagadougou 01 BP, 364 Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
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Sawadogo B, Muzah B, Gilham C, Djigma F, Maseko V, Kelly H, Simpore J, Lewis D, Segondy M, Mayaud P. P3.229 Prevalence and Correlates of Mycoplasma Genitaliumin HIV-Positive African Women: Abstract P3.229 Table 1. Br J Vener Dis 2013. [DOI: 10.1136/sextrans-2013-051184.0686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Ouattara L, Koudou J, Karou DS, Giacò L, Capelli G, Simpore J, Fraziano M, Colizzi V, Traore AS. In vitro anti Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv activity of Lannea acida A. Rich from Burkina Faso. Pak J Biol Sci 2011; 14:47-52. [PMID: 21913497 DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2011.47.52] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The cytotoxic and anti-Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv activities of hydro-alcoholic extract of Lannea acida A. Rich (Anacardiaceae) were assessed. The cytoxicity evaluation was carried out on THP1 monocytoid cell line (after 24 h at 1; 5 and 10 microg mL(-1)) and showed only a slight modification of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release. The rate of monocytes in different stages of mitosis had been amended in absence and presence of extract as follows: Go/G1 58.83-59.83%; synthesis 21.95-18.64%; mitosis 16.67-15.77%; necrosis 2.65-5.64%. The percentage of inhibition of Mycobacterium tuberculosis proliferation was respectively 77.6 and 36.8% at 1.2 and 0.6 mg mL(-1) of extract. This is an interesting experimental study on antimicrobial and immune-stimulating properties of Lannea acida ethanol-water (70% v/v) extract which may contain potential antibacterial and immune-stimulating agents for clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Ouattara
- CRSBAN, Laboratoire de Biochimie et Pharmacologie, Université de Ouagadougou, 03 BP 7131 Ouagadougou Burkina Faso
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Kagone TS, Hien H, Meda N, Diagbouga PS, Sawadogo A, Drabo J, Peeters M, Vergne L, Delaporte E, De Souza C, Gbeassor M, Simpore J. Characterization of HIV-1 genotypes and antiretroviral drug-resistance mutations among patients in Burkina Faso. Pak J Biol Sci 2011; 14:392-8. [PMID: 21902063 DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2011.392.398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The purposes of this study were: (1) to describe the genetic variability of HIV strains found in Burkina Faso, (2) to characterize non-B HIV strains mutation profiles selected by ARVs and (3) to detect possible resistances induced by ARV drugs. From 30 October 2002 to 20 November 2003, 132 HIV 1-positive patients taking Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) for more than one year in Bobo-Dioulasso and Ouagadougou were included. T-CD4+ lymphocytes count was done using Dynabeads technique while genotypic test and ARV-resistance tests were conducted using Pol sequencing that codes for reverse transcriptase reverse, integrase and protease. Due to undetectable viremia, 86 samples out of 132 could not be characterized. Whereas in the 46 others that had a viral load exceeding 1000 copies mL(-1), the following HIV-1 subtypes were identified: CRF06 (54,55%); CRF02(38,63%); CRF01 (4,55%) and subtype A (2,27%). In addition, several mutations related to PI, NRTI and NNRTI resistance were isolated in 27 samples. This study found a huge genetic HIV-1 polymorphism in Burkina Faso. The level of acquired resistance to ARV after one year of treatment amounted 20.4%. These results clearly show that there is imperative need to set up an ARV resistance surveillance network in Burkina Faso to guide treatment strategies and follow the extension of the phenomenon in the country.
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Affiliation(s)
- T S Kagone
- Centre MURAZ Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso
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13
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Ouedraogo CMR, Djigma FW, Bisseye C, Sagna T, Zeba M, Ouermi D, Karou SD, Pietra V, Buelli F, Ghilat-Avoid-Belem NW, Sanogo K, Sempore J, Moret R, Pignatelli S, Nikiema JB, Simpore J. [Epidemiology, characterization of genotypes of human papillomavirus in a population of women in Ouagadougou]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 40:633-8. [PMID: 21737213 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgyn.2011.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2010] [Revised: 05/19/2011] [Accepted: 05/27/2011] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This work was carried out in order to determine the prevalence of different HPV genotypes in a population of women attending gynecological consultation. MATERIAL AND METHODS From May to June 2010, cervical samples were obtained from 300 women attending gynecological consultation in two health centers in Ouagadougou. The strains of HPV genotyping was done using the technique of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) followed by reverse hybridization on nitrocellulose strips. RESULTS Among the 73 women(24.3%) infected with HPV, only 27.4% (20/73) of them were infected with a HPV low risk (BR), the 72.6% (53/73). Other women were infected with at least one high risk HPV (HR). By combining the HPV genotypes found without taking into account the number of infected women, we found a total of 84 HPV among whom we have high-risk HPV : HPV-50'S(26/84 or 31.0%), HPV-18 (12/84 or 14.3%), HPV-16 (9/84 or 10.7%), HPV-30'S (5/84 or 5.9%), HPV-HR (5/84 or 5.9%) and HPV-45 (3/84 or 3.6%) and low-risk HPV: HPV-6 (15/84 or 17.9%) and HPV-BR (9/84 or 10.7%). We have found no HPV-11. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION The prevalence of HPV found in our series is comparable to that found in the world. To complete this study, it would be necessary to investigate the prevalence of HPV found in cervical lesions in Burkina Faso.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M R Ouedraogo
- Université de Ouagadougou 07, BP 5252, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
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14
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Koudouvo K, Karou DS, Kokou K, Essien K, Aklikokou K, Glitho IA, Simpore J, Sanogo R, De Souza C, Gbeassor M. An ethnobotanical study of antimalarial plants in Togo Maritime Region. J Ethnopharmacol 2011; 134:183-90. [PMID: 21167269 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2010.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2010] [Revised: 11/15/2010] [Accepted: 12/05/2010] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Malaria continues to be of great concern in Togo, as it accounts for high mortality rates, principally in children. Although plant-based medicines are the only means in major malarious regions of the country, still very little is known about the medicinal plants and medical practices of the indigenous people. OBJECTIVE The present study aimed to document the indigenous medicinal plant utilization for the management of malaria and related symptoms in Togo Maritime Region. METHODOLOGY Fifty Traditional Healers (TH) were selected with the help leaders of Togolese Traditional Healers Associations and information on their knowledge on the use of plants for malaria therapeutic purposes was gathered using a semi-structured interviews. RESULTS After enquiries, 52 plant species belonging to 49 genera and 29 families were recorded. The most represented families were Rubiaceae and Rutaceae with four species each. Traditional healers agreed more in the treatment of malaria (ICF=0.70), fever (ICF=0.33) and anemia (ICF=0.20). For the treatment of malaria, 38.46% (20/52) of the species cited in the study were of high fidelity level (FL=100%). The leaves (58.22%), leafy stem (33.78%) and fruits (8.52%) were the most used parts in concoctions. The main mode of preparation was decoction (69%) and the administration was essentially by oral route (79%) and body-bath (14%). CONCLUSION The issue of the study showed that Togo Maritime Region TH have a good knowledge of antimalarial plants. However the study must be extend to the whole country to lead to innovative strategies in malaria control. Such results could be a starting point for in vitro antimalarial screenings.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Koudouvo
- Centre de Recherche et de Formation sur les Plantes médicinales (CERFOPLAM), Université de Lomé, Togo
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15
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Djigma FW, Ouédraogo C, Karou DS, Sagna T, Bisseye C, Zeba M, Ouermi D, Gnoula C, Pietra V, Ghilat-Avoid-Belem NW, Sanogo K, Sempore J, Pignatelli S, Ferri AM, Nikiema JB, Simpore J. Prevalence and genotype characterization of human papillomaviruses among HIV-seropositive in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. Acta Trop 2011; 117:202-6. [PMID: 21167118 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2010.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2010] [Revised: 12/06/2010] [Accepted: 12/07/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Approximately, 15-20 of 40 HPVs that infect the female genital tract confer a high-risk of invasive cancer, thus HPVs account for 95% of cervix cancers. The objectives of this study were to: (i) estimate the prevalence of HPV infection in women infected with HIV in Ouagadougou, (ii) identify potential carcinogenic HPV strains and (iii) determine whether existing HPV vaccines match the isolated strains. METHODS From May 2009 to April 2010, 250 HIV-infected women were included in this study. Each woman was screened for the presence of HPV and for HPV genotype using PCR/hybridization technique. RESULTS Of the 250 HIV-infected women, 59.6% were infected with at least one type of HPV. High-risk HPVs were identified with the following prevalence: HPV-18 (25.0%); HPV-50'S (25.5%); HPV-30'S (20.8%); HPV-16 (4.7%); HPV-45 (3.7%). Low-risk HPVs were represented by HPV-6 (5.7%) and HPV-11 (0.9%). CONCLUSION The issue of the study showed that the existing vaccines: Gardasil and Cervarix may be used in the country although they match only HPV-16, HPV-18, HPV-6 and HPV-11. Further investigations should be continued for the establishment of vaccine that matches all genotypes circulating in the country.
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Affiliation(s)
- F W Djigma
- Centre de Recherche Biomoléculaire Pietro Annigoni, CERBA/LABIOGENE, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
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16
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Sagna T, Djigma F, Zeba M, Bisseye C, Karou SD, Ouermi D, Pietra V, Gnoula C, Sanogo K, Nikiema JB, Simpore J. Human papillomaviruses prevalence and genital co-infections in HIV-seropositive women in Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso). Pak J Biol Sci 2010; 13:951-955. [PMID: 21313918 DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2010.951.955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The vaginal swabs among HIV-positive women in Africa often revealed opportunistic infections such as human Papillomavirus (HPV) and Mycoplasma that induce respectively cervix cancer and diseases such as vaginosis, abortions, infertility in through salpingitis. The purposes of this study were to: (1) seek for, the prevalence of pathogens such as HPV and Mycoplasma; (2) characterize the strains of HPV and estimate their prevalence; (3) identify among these women, those who were co-infected by these pathogens in order to cure them. From February 2009 to January 2010, 156 HIV-positive women attending our medical centers and aged from 19-45 years (mean age 33.65 +/- 5.75 years) had voluntarily accepted vaginal specimen's tests. PCR, ELISA and molecular hybridization were used for the identification and characterization of these pathogens. The results revealed the presence of Mycoplasma and HPV in 25.64 and 58.33% cases, respectively. The following HPV genotypes and the following prevalence were recorded: HPV-50'S (24.11%), HPV-18 (21.28%), HPV-30'S (18.44%) and HPV-16 (5.67%). The study also enable the identification of co-infections such as HPV-18 strains with HPV-30'S (5.67%) and HPV-30'S with HPV-50'S (3.55%). Other germs infecting the female genital tract including Candida albicans (20.51%), Escherichia coli (12.18%), Treponema pallidum (3.85%), Streptococcus agalactiae (3.21%) and Staphylococcus aureus (1.92%) were isolated. This preliminary research work showed the incidence of several genital pathogens, this could be a springboard for nationwide epidemiological study on HPV strains circulating in Burkina Faso.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Sagna
- Biomolecular Research Center Pietro Annigoni, CERBA/LABIOGENE-Saint Camille Medical Center, 01 BP 364 Ouagadougou 01, Burkina Faso
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17
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Karou SD, Nadembega MCW, Zeba B, Ilboudo DP, Ouermi D, Pignatelli S, Pietra V, Gbeassor M, De Souza C, Simpore J. [Evolution of antibiotic-resistance Staphylococcus aureus in Saint Camille Medical Centre in Ouagadougou]. Med Trop (Mars) 2010; 70:241-244. [PMID: 20734590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Monitoring the antibiotic resistance of microorganisms in a specific geographic area can be useful in developing new approaches to first-intention antibiotherapy. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to describe the evolution of resistance of Staphylococcus aureus to antibiotics routinely used at Saint Camille Medical Centre in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso from 1996 to 2006. METHOD Strains of S. aureus, isolated from various pathologic sources were tested to determine their susceptibility to antibiotics. Sensitivity tests were performed in accordance with the guidelines of the Antibiogram Committee of the French Society for Microbiology (version 2007). RESULTS During the study period, 1160 staphylococci strains were isolated including 73.45% identified as S. aureus. Susceptibility tests demonstrated a significant increase in resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics. The proportion of strains showing resistance to ampicillin reached 58.29% in 2000. Resistance to these antibiotics regressed significantly from 2000 to 2006. Resistance to pristinamycin and erythromycin showed a tendency to increase while resistance to gentamicin and oleandomycin showed no statistically significant change. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that S. aureus was the most common Staphylococcus genus present at the center and that it was resistant to several antibiotics. Reducing use of beta-lactam probably accounted for the significant decline in resistance to this type of antibiotic. Care should also be given to the use of other antibiotics such as pristinamycin and erythromycin since resistance appears to be increasing.
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Affiliation(s)
- S D Karou
- Centre de Recherche Biomoléculaire Pietro Annigoni (CERBA), Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
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18
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Ouermi D, Simpore J, Belem AMG, Sanou DS, Karou DS, Ilboudo D, Bisseye C, Onadja SM, Pietra V, Pignatelli S, Gnoula C, Nikiema JB, Kabre GB. Co-infection of Toxoplasma gondii with HBV in HIV-infected and uninfected pregnant women in Burkina Faso. Pak J Biol Sci 2010; 12:1188-93. [PMID: 19943453 DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2009.1188.1193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Toxoplasma gondii infections can induce serious complications in HIV-infected pregnant women, leading to miscarriage; favour the mother-to-child transmission of HBV and HIV and birth defects. The purposes of this study were: (1) to quantify IgM and IgG antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii in HIV-seropositive and seronegative pregnant women, (2) to identify hepatitis B antigens (HBsAg) in pregnant women and (3) to determine T. gondii and HBV co-infections among these patients. The study was conducted at Centre Medical Saint Camille, in Burkina Faso from January to June 2009. A total of 276 HIV-infected and uninfected pregnant women were included. All women had less than 32 weeks of amenorrhoea and were aged from 19 to 42 years. Toxoplasma gondii antibodies and HBsAg were detected using ELISA method. In addition, women freely agreed to answer a questionnaire. The results of our investigations revealed that, among these pregnant women, 38.8% were illiterates, 50.4% were housewives and only 5.4% were civil servants. Positive T. gondii-specific IgM (4.7%) and IgG (27.2%) were detected. In this study, we found that HIV-seropositive status seem to be associated with great prevalence rates of both T. gondii (31.9 vs. 22.5%) and HBV (13.0 vs. 5.8%). The elevated co-infection rate in HIV-positive women suggested that they are exposed to T. gondii and HBV infections prevalently because of their immune depression. Therefore, to reduce the prevalence of T. gondii and HBV among HIV-seropositive pregnant women, lamivudine could be included in their HEART and women should follow healthy lifestyle formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Ouermi
- University of Ouagadougou, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
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19
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Nitiema LW, Dianou D, Simpore J, Karou SD, Savadogo PW, Traore AS. Isolation of a tannic acid-degrading Streptococcus sp. from an anaerobic shea cake digester. Pak J Biol Sci 2010; 13:46-50. [PMID: 20415153 DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2010.46.50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
An anaerobic digester fed with shea cake rich in tannins and phenolic compounds rich-shea cake and previously inoculated with anaerobic sludge from the pit of a slaughterhouse, enabled six months acclimatization of the bacteria to aromatic compounds. Afterwards, digester waste water samples were subject to successive culture on media with 1 g L(-1) tannic acid allowing the isolation of a bacterial strain coded AB. Strain AB was facultatively anaerobic, mesophilic, non-motile, non-sporulating, catalase and oxidase negative bacterium, namely strain AB, was isolated from an anaerobic digester fed with shea cake rich in tannins and phenolic compounds, after inoculation with anaerobic sludge from the pit of a slaughterhouse and enrichment on tannic acid. The coccoid cells occurred in pair, short or long chains and stained Gram-positive. Strain AB fermented a wide range of carbohydrates including glucose, fructose, galactose, raffinose, arabinose, sucrose, maltose, lactose, starch and cellulose. Optimum growth occurred with glucose and tannic acid at 37 degrees C and pH 8. The pH, temperature and salt concentration for growth ranged from 5 to 9, 20 to 45 degrees C and 0 to 15 g L(-1), respectively. Strain AB converted tannic acid to gallic acid. These features were similar to those of the Streptococcus genus. The determination of tannic acid hydrolysis end products, ability to utilize various organic acids, alcohols and peptides, GC% of the DNA, the sequencing of 16S rRNA gene and DNA-DNA hybridization will permit to confirm this affiliation and to determine the species.
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Affiliation(s)
- L W Nitiema
- Université de Ouagadougou, 03 BP 7021 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso
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20
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Ilboudo D, Simpore J, Sanou DS, Karou D, Sia DJ, Ouermi D, Bisseye C, Sagna T, Odolini S, Buelli F, Pietra V, Pignatelli S, Gnoula C, Nikiema JB, Castelli F. Mother-to-child HIV and HHV-8 transmission in neonates at Saint Camille Medical Centre in Burkina Faso. Pak J Biol Sci 2009; 12:908-13. [PMID: 19777784 DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2009.908.913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
In Sub-Saharan Africa, many HIV infected people are co-infected with Human Herpes Virus 8 (HHV-8). Therefore, the present study aimed to: (1) identify the pregnant women co-infected by HIV and HHV-8 at Saint Camille Medical Centre; (2) use three molecules (Zidovudine, Nevirapine and Lamivudine) to interrupt the vertical transmission of HIV and (3) use the PCR technique to diagnose children, who were infected by these viruses, in order to offer them an early medical assistance. A total of 107 pregnant women, aged from 19 to 42 years were diagnosed to be HIV positive at Saint Camille Centre; among them 13 were co-infected with HHV-8. All included women received the HAART. Two to six months after childbirth their babies underwent PCR diagnosis for HIV and HHV-8. The results revealed that, among these mothers, 68.2% were housewives, 34.6% were illiterates and 60.7% did not have university degree. The prevalence of HHV-8 among these pregnant women was 12.15% and the rate of vertical transmission of both HIV and HHV-8, was 0.0%. The issue of this study revealed that the antiretroviral therapy increased the mother CD4 T-cells, prevented the transcription of the mRNA of HHV-8 and blocked HIV vertical transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Ilboudo
- University of Ouagadougou, 07 BP 5252 Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
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21
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Ky JMK, Zerbo P, Gnoula C, Simpore J, Nikiema JB, Millogo-Rasolodimby J. Medicinal plants used in traditional medicine in the centre east region of Burkina Faso. Pak J Biol Sci 2009; 12:1287-1298. [PMID: 20387743 DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2009.1287.1298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The present research focused on the inventory and the use of plants in traditional medicine for the treatment of diseases in this area. The method was based on ethnobotanical surveys with semi-directing interview, conducted from November 2006 to December 2007 among a sample of 50 people aged between 40 and 80 years and very experienced in traditional medicine in the municipalities of Bissiga, Lalgaye and Tenkodogo. We identify 73 phytogenetic species and 175 therapeutic indications used to treat 52 diseases and the principal ones are the gastrointestinal diseases, the malaria, the various fevers, the jaundice, the skin diseases, the respiratory affections, the reproduction diseases, the hemorrhoids and the infantile diseases. In traditional veterinary pharmacopoeia, 18 phytogenetic species are used with 33 therapeutic indications to treat diseases including trypanosomiasis, tuberculosis, diarrheas and wounds. The interest of people of this area for medicinal plants, command a special attention to organize the actors and preserve the plant genetic resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M K Ky
- University of Ouagadougou, 07 BP 5252 Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
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22
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Simpore J, Ouermi D, Ilboudo D, Kabre A, Zeba B, Pietra V, Pignatelli S, Nikiema JB, Kabre GB, Caligaris S, Schumacher F, Castelli F. Aetiology of acute gastro-enteritis in children at Saint Camille Medical Centre, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. Pak J Biol Sci 2009; 12:258-63. [PMID: 19579955 DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2009.258.263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The present study aims at identifying the infectious agents responsible for child Acute GastroEnteritis (AGE) in Ouagadougou. From May 5 2006 to June 22 2008, 648 children aged from 2 to 41 months, with at least an average of 3 loose stools per day have been enrolled for coproculture, parasitology and virology test. Among them, 34 (5.25%) were HIV seropositive. A single sample of faeces from each child was used to identify enteropathogens. An infectious aetiology was identified in 41.20% of cases. The pathogenic agents detected as responsible for the AGE are: Rotavirus 21.1%; Adenovirus 1.9%; Giardia 7.6% Entamoeba; 1.08%; entero-pathogenic E. coli 41.7%; Salmonella 3.40%; Shigella 1.85% and Yersinia 1.70%. CONCLUSION Therefore, these AGE etiologic agents constitute a problem of public health in Burkina Faso. Their control for the child would require: (1) a regular paediatric and clinical follow up; (2) health education of the population for food hygiene and (3) in case of absence of HIV infection in the mother, a promotion of exclusive breast-feeding up to the age of 4 months.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Simpore
- Medical Centre, Saint Camille-Pietro Annigoni Biomolecular Research Centre, Saint Camille-Cerba/Labiogene-Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso, 01 BP 364 Ouagadougou, 01 Burkina Faso, Italy
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Ky JMK, Gnoula C, Zerbo P, Simpore J, Nikiema JB, Canini A, Millogo-Rasolodimby J. Study of floristic diversity and the structural dynamics of some species providers of non woody forest products in the vegetable formations of the Centre East of Burkina Faso. Pak J Biol Sci 2009; 12:1004-11. [PMID: 19947178 DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2009.1004.1011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The goal of this study is to contribute to a better knowledge of certain species providing Non Woody Forest Products (NWFP) in the Centre East of Burkina Faso. This study aims to determine the state of the resources in Vitellaria paradoxa, Balanites aegyptiaca, Tamarindus indica and Lannea microcarpa. For this purpose, an inventory of the vegetation was carried out in circular pieces of land of 1250 m2, as a sample of the zone of work, based on the chart of occupation of the grounds. We are identified 158 species comprising 90 genera and 47 families. Those species represent more than 90% of the trees from which various parts are used in food, traditional pharmacopeia and the craft industry. We also showed that because of the strong anthropisation of the zone, the bad pedoclimatic conditions and the permanent bush fires, the regeneration and growth of Vitellaria paradoxa, Balanites aegyptiaca, Tamarindus indica and Lannea microcarpa are disturbed.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M K Ky
- University of Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
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Modiano D, Bancone G, Ciminelli BM, Pompei F, Blot I, Simpore J, Modiano G. Haemoglobin S and haemoglobin C: 'quick but costly' versus 'slow but gratis' genetic adaptations to Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Hum Mol Genet 2008. [DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddn111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Modiano D, Bancone G, Ciminelli BM, Pompei F, Blot I, Simpore J, Modiano G. Haemoglobin S and haemoglobin C: 'quick but costly' versus 'slow but gratis' genetic adaptations to Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Hum Mol Genet 2007; 17:789-99. [DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddm350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Simpore J, Pietra V, Pignatelli S, Karou D, Nadembega WMC, Ilboudo D, Ceccherini-Silberstein F, Ghilat-Avoid-Belem WN, Bellocchi MC, Saleri N, Sanou MJ, Ouedraogo CM, Nikiema JB, Colizzi V, Perno CP, Castelli F, Musumeci S. Effective program against mother-to-child transmission of HIV at Saint Camille Medical Centre in Burkina Faso. J Med Virol 2007; 79:873-9. [PMID: 17516517 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.20913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The present research was aimed to prevent mother-to-child transmission of HIV; to use RT-PCR in order to detect, 6 months after birth, infected children; and to test the antiretroviral resistance of both children and mothers in order to offer them a suitable therapy. At the Saint Camille Medical Centre, 3,127 pregnant women (aged 15-44 years) accepted to be enrolled in the mother-to-child transmission prevention protocol that envisages: (i) Voluntary Counselling and Testing for all the pregnant women; (ii) Antiretroviral therapy for HIV positive pregnant women and for their newborns; (iii) either powdered milk feeding or short breast-feeding and RT-PCR test for their children; (iv) finally, pol gene sequencing and antiretroviral resistance identifications among HIV positive mothers and children. Among the patients, 227/3,127 HIV seropositive women were found: 221/227 HIV-1, 4/227 HIV-2, and 2/227 mixed HIV infections. The RT-PCR test allowed the detection of 3/213 (1.4%) HIV infected children: 0/109 (0%) from mothers under ARV therapy and 3/104 (2.8%) from mothers treated with Nevirapine. All children had recombinant HIV-1 strain (CRF06_CPX) with: minor PR mutations (M36I, K20I) and RT mutations (R211K). Among them, two twins had Non-Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor mutation (Y18CY). Both mothers acquired a major PR mutation (V8IV), investigated 6 months after a single-dose of Nevirapine. Prevention by single-dose of Nevirapine reduced significantly mother-to-child transmission of HIV, but caused many mutations and resistance to antiretroviral drugs. Based on present study the antiretroviral therapy protocol, together with the artificial-feeding, might represent the ideal strategy to avoid transmission of HIV from mother-to-child.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Simpore
- Camille Medical Centre, Ouagadougou, Solidarity Reception Centre of Ouagadougou, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
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Serme AK, Ilboudo PD, Samandoulgou A, Simpore J, Bougouma A, Sombie AR. [Prevalence of Hepatitis C virus infection in pregnant women and mother-child transmission in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso]. Bull Soc Pathol Exot 2006; 99:108-9. [PMID: 16821441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The aim of our study was to estimate the prevalence of Hepatitis C virus (HCV) among pregnant women and the rate of mother-child transmission. Over one month (April 26 to May 25, 2002) blood samples of 200 pregnant women who gave birth at the maternity of the university hospital and Gounguin center medical of Ouagadougou were tested for anti-HVC antibodies (Ac HCV) and anti HIV antibodies (Ac HIV). Infants born to mother tested positive for Ac HCV and their mother were tested for HCV-RNA. The prevalence of HCV (positive Ac HCV and HCV-RNA) was 2% in pregnant women (4/200). One case of mother-child transmission was found. The virus transmitted was 2a (A/C) genotype. The mother had a high titre of HCV-ARN, was co-infected by HIV and had had history of blood transfusion, excision and tattoo of the gums.
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Affiliation(s)
- A K Serme
- Service d'hépato-gastroentérologie, centre hospitalier universitaire Yalgado Ouedraogo, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
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Nadembega WM, Giannella S, Simpore J, Ceccherini-Silberstein F, Pietra V, Bertoli A, Pignatelli S, Bellocchi MC, Nikiema JB, Cappelli G, Bere A, Colizzi V, Perno CP, Musumeci S. Characterization of drug-resistance mutations in HIV-1 isolates from non-HAART and HAART treated patients in Burkina Faso. J Med Virol 2006; 78:1385-91. [PMID: 16998878 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.20709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Non-B HIV subtypes have been estimated to account for 88% of HIV infections in the world. These subtypes are particularly relevant in view of the availability of antiretroviral (ARV) drugs, since subtype-specific mutations are associated with drug-resistance in developing countries. Therefore, the pol gene sequences in HIV-1 isolates were examined from the three distinct groups of 39 infected patients from Ouagadougou in Burkina Faso: 17 patients who had not received any antiretroviral therapy (ART); 16 patients received ART, and 6 HIV-infected children, from infected mothers, received a single Nevirapine dose prophylaxis during birth. HIV-1 pol sequencing was successful for 29 samples. As expected, all patients presented the common (non-B subtype) M36I polymorphism and 26/29 (90%) the K20I mutation. Phylogenetic studies showed high predominance of recombinant HIV-1 strains: CRF06_cpx 16/29 (55.17%), CRF02_AG 9/29 (31.03%), A1 2/29 (6.89%), G 1/29 (3.44%), and CRF09_cpx 1/29 (3.44%). Two twins showed, 6 months after birth, a NNRTI-mutation (Y181C/Y). During the same period, the twin mother presented a different NNRTI-mutation (V106I), thus suggesting that the different blood drug concentration may determine a different drug-resistance pathway. Among 17 non-highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) patients, 3/17 (17.64%) presented virus with reverse transcriptase (RT) mutations [V118I: 1/17 patients (5.88%), V179E: 2/17 patients (11.76%)]. 10/17 (58.82%) presented virus with minor protease (PR) mutations [L63P: 5/17 patients (29.41%), V77I: 3/17 patients (17.64%), L10I: 2/17 patients (11.76%)]. 4/17 patients did not show any PR and RT mutations (23.52%). Among six HAART-treated patients, 6/6 and 3/6 had M36I and L63LP protease minor subtypes, respectively; and only two (33.33%) presented virus with K103N mutation. The low prevalence of drug-resistant associated mutations in Burkina Faso is encouraging. However, further studies with a larger cohort with a high non-B subtype prevalence are necessary to optimize ART in developing countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- W M Nadembega
- Centre Médical Saint Camille de Ouagadougou, Centre d'Accueil et de Solidarité de Ouagadougou, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
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Simpore J, Ilboudo D, Samandoulougou A, Guardo P, Castronovo P, Musumeci S. HCV and HIV co-infection in pregnant women attending St. Camille Medical Centre in Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso). J Med Virol 2005; 75:209-12. [PMID: 15602740 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.20258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Five hundred and forty-seven pregnant women with less than 32 weeks of amenorrhoea, attending an antenatal clinic of St. Camille Medical Centre (SCMC) of Ouagadougou were enrolled for a hepatitis C virus (HCV) and HIV co-infection study. Fifty-eight (10.6%) were HIV positive and 18 (3.3%) were anti-HCV positive. Only seven pregnant women (i.e., 1.3%) had a documented HIV and HCV co-infection. HCV-RNA was found in 5 out of 18 (27.8%) patients, who had anti-HCV antibodies. The genotype analysis of these five patients showed that two were of 1b whereas three were of 2a genotype. Mother-to-infant transmission of the same HCV genotype (2a) was documented in only one case. High 1b prevalence has been reported in other parts of Africa, while 2a is the prevalent genotype (60%) in Burkina Faso. This genotype has a higher response rate to treatment. Serum transaminases were normal, also in presence of HCV-RNA. The higher than expected rate of co-infection in Burkina Faso seems to demonstrate a correlation between these two infections, which could influence the evolution of HIV and HCV diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Simpore
- Laboratoire Saint Camille de Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso, Unité de Formation et de Recherche/SVT, Université de Ouagadougou, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
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Simpore J, Pietra V, Savadogo A, Pignatelli S, Nikiema JB, Nadembega WMC, Yara J, Zoungrana N, Bakouan D, Colizzi V, Castelli F, Musumeci S. Reduction of mother-to-child transmission of HIV at Saint Camille Medical Centre in Burkina Faso. J Med Virol 2005; 78:148-52. [PMID: 16372294 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.20521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
One thousand three hundred and twenty-eight pregnant women with less than 32 weeks of amenorrhea received voluntary counseling and testing at Saint Camille Medical Center from May 1, 2002 to December 30, 2004. Following informed consent and pre-test counseling, HIV screening was performed in 1,202 women. According to the prevention protocol, HIV-positive women received a single dose of Nevirapine (200 mg) during their labor, while their newborn received a single dose of Nevirapine (2 mg/kg) within 72 hr from birth. HIV seroprevalence (11.2%) was higher than in the overall population. One hundred and ninety-three children were born at the end of December 2004; 53 children (27.5%) followed a short breastfeeding protocol for 4 months, while 140 (72.5%) were fed artificially. All the children underwent RT-PCR test for HIV 5-6 months after their birth: 173 (89.6%) were HIV negative whilst 20 children (10.4%) were HIV positive. Out of the 20 positive children 5/53 (9.4%) had received breast milk for 4 months, while the remaining 15/140 (10.7%) had been fed artificially (P = 0.814). Artificially fed babies (3/140 (2.1%)) and 1/53 (1.9%) of those breast fed for 4 months deceased according to mortality rate of HIV-positive children. This shows that there is no statistically significant difference (P = 0.648) between the mortality of artificially fed (3/140 or 2.1%) and breast-fed (1/53 or 1.9%) children. Artificially fed children (20/140 (14.3%)) and 5/53 (9.4%) of breast-fed children died within 6-10 months. This figure indicates that there is no significant difference between the mortality rate of artificially and that of breast-fed children (P = 0.427). Although the HIV prevention program reduced significantly the vertical transmission of HIV at Saint Camille Medical Center, the mortality of artificially fed children was still high due to gastrointestinal diseases. The HIV diagnosis by RT-PCR technique was of great help in the early identification of HIV-infected children.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Simpore
- Saint Camille Médical Center, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
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Ilboudo D, Sawadogo A, Simpore J. [Mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis B virus, in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso]. Med Trop (Mars) 2003; 62:99-101. [PMID: 12038192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
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Reifenberg JM, Solano P, Duvallet G, Cuisance D, Simpore J, Cuny G. Molecular characterization of trypanosome isolates from naturally infected domestic animals in Burkina, Faso. Vet Parasitol 1997; 71:251-62. [PMID: 9299694 DOI: 10.1016/s0304-4017(97)00011-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
A total of 33 trypanosome cryostabilates isolated from domestic animals (bovine and dogs) were analysed using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The PCR was undertaken on diluted and treated buffy coat solutions according to an easy protocol of purification, using primers specific to Trypanosoma (Nannomonas) congolense of Savannah, Riverine-Forest, Kilifi and Tsavo types, T. (N) simiae, T. (Trypanozoon) brucei and T. (Duttonella) vivax. The results showed a lack of PCR sensitivity when target solutions were simply diluted, probably a reflection of the inaccuracy of the dilution procedure at very low trypanosome numbers. Nine mixed infections were found in purified samples whereas only three were detected in diluted crude solutions. T. congolense Savannah-type was present in all stabilates. Double infections involving this type with the Riverine-Forest type, T. vivax or T. brucei, were found. One stabilate was found to be infected with the three trypanosome types, namely T. congolense Savannah and Riverine-Forest genotypes and T. vivax. No infection attributable to T. congolense Kilifi and Tsavo types or T. simiae was detected in these stabilates. This work confirmed the abundance of mixed infections in the field, which could not have been detected by the classical parasitological methods. Amongst the T. congolense infections, the Savannah genotype was found to be predominant over the Riverine-Forest type; that could be a consequence of differences in genotype virulence in cattle. The detection of T. congolense Riverine-Forest type in vertebrate hosts living in wet areas could be confirmation of the suspected affinity of relationships between this taxa and the riverine forest tsetse fly species.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Reifenberg
- CIRAD-EMVT (Centre de coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement--Département d'Elevage et de Médecine Vétérinaire), Montpellier, France
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