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Kang DW, Dawson JK, Barnes O, Wilson RL, Norris MK, Gonzalo-Encabo P, Christopher CN, Ficarra S, Dieli-Conwright CM. Resistance Exercise and Skeletal Muscle-Related Outcomes in Patients with Cancer: A Systematic Review. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2024; 56:1747-1758. [PMID: 38650124 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000003452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Skeletal muscle loss is prevalent throughout the cancer continuum and correlated with morbidity and mortality. Resistance exercise has been trialed to mitigate skeletal muscle loss. This systematic review summarizes and qualitatively synthesizes the effects of resistance exercise on muscle-related outcomes in adult cancer populations, including skeletal muscle mass, performance and muscle-related biomarkers. METHODS The systematic review protocol was developed in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P). We searched electronic databases including AMED, CENTRAL, CINAHL, CIRRIE, EMBASE, MEDLINE, PEDro, REHABDATA, Scopus, and SPORTDiscus from inception to December 2021. We included randomized controlled trials that investigated the effects of resistance exercise on muscle-related outcomes in adult cancer populations. Interventions that involved any resistance exercise were included. Muscle-related outcomes were categorized as skeletal muscle mass (e.g., lean mass, appendicular muscle mass), muscle performance (e.g., muscle strength, physical function), and muscle-related biomarkers (e.g., muscle cells, metabolic/inflammatory markers). Risk of bias (RoB) was assessed using the Cochrane ROB tool. RESULTS A total of 102 studies from 101 randomized controlled trials were included. The majority of studies focused on breast cancer (46%) and those who completed treatment (43%). Resistance exercise interventions were largely 3-4 months long (48%), combined with aerobic exercise (56%), at a vigorous intensity (25%), and in-person/supervised settings (57%). Among the studies assessing muscle mass, performance, and biomarkers ( n = 42, 83, and 22, respectively), resistance exercise interventions improved upper/lower body or appendicular muscle mass (67%-100%), muscle strength (61%-68%), and physical function (74%-100%). Most biomarkers did not show significant changes (75%-100%) or showed inconsistent results. CONCLUSIONS Generally, resistance exercise had positive effects on skeletal muscle mass and performance with no negative effects compared to controls. Our findings demonstrated that resistance exercise may be an effective strategy to attenuate deterioration or exert improvements in muscle mass and performance outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jacqueline K Dawson
- Department of Physical Therapy, California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA
| | - Oscar Barnes
- Green Templeton College, University of Oxford, UNITED KINGDOM
| | | | - Mary K Norris
- Division of Population Sciences, Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | | | | | - Salvatore Ficarra
- Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Palermo, ITALY
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Ashton RE, Faghy MA, Roscoe CMP, Aning J. Inclusivity in prostate cancer and exercise research: a systematic review. Support Care Cancer 2024; 32:616. [PMID: 39198292 PMCID: PMC11358357 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-024-08793-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most prevalent type of cancer in men in the UK. Exercise has been shown to improve the health and quality of life of PCa patients. Exercise should be easily accessible to men with PCa regardless of socioeconomic group or ethnicity. There is a need to better understand whether the current evidence base for exercise interventions is representative and inclusive of racial and ethnic minority men with PCa. METHODS A systematic review of the literature was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines and prospectively registered via Prospero (ID: CRD42022384373). The MEDLINE Ovid, Cochrane Library and PubMed databases were searched from inception to December 2022. The search strategy keywords and MeSH terms used included the following: (1) exercise, (2) training, (3) prostate cancer, (4) ethnic and (5) diversity. RESULTS A total of 778 records were retrieved from database searches, of which 15 records were duplicates. A further 649 were eliminated following the screening of titles and abstracts. After full-text screening of 186 articles, 28 manuscripts were included for review. CONCLUSION This systematic review highlights that there is high heterogeneity in the reporting of participants' ethnicity and there are low numbers of ethnic minority men included in PCa and exercise studies in the UK. Further work is required to understand why representation is lacking within PCa exercise trials in the UK and strategies are needed to achieve representation from all ethnic groups. IMPLICATIONS FOR CANCER SURVIVORS Improved representation and reporting of ethnicity in exercise trials is vital to ensure the results are applicable to all patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth E Ashton
- Research Centre for Physical Activity, Sport and Exercise Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry, UK.
- Biomedical and Clinical Science Research Theme, School of Human Sciences, University of Derby, Derby, UK.
- Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Mark A Faghy
- Biomedical and Clinical Science Research Theme, School of Human Sciences, University of Derby, Derby, UK
- Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Clare M P Roscoe
- Biomedical and Clinical Science Research Theme, School of Human Sciences, University of Derby, Derby, UK
| | - Jonathan Aning
- Bristol Urological Institute, North Bristol NHS Trust, Southmead Hospital, Southmead Road, Westbury-On-Trym, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
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Lee DJ, Byeon JY, Park DH, Oh CG, Lee J, Choi YD, Kang DW, An KY, Courneya KS, Lee DH, Jeon JY. Effects of exercise during active surveillance for prostate cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Support Care Cancer 2024; 32:406. [PMID: 38833183 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-024-08606-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The efficacy of exercise in men with prostate cancer (PCa) on active surveillance (AS) remains unclear. In this meta-analysis, we aimed to examine the effects of exercise in PCa patients on AS. METHODS A literature search was conducted in PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library using search terms, including exercise, PCa, AS, and randomized controlled trials (RCTs). The means and standard deviations for peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak), prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels, and quality of life (QoL) were extracted for the intervention and control groups. A random-effects model was used to summarize the effects of exercise. RESULTS Of the 158 identified studies, six RCTs with 332 patients were included. The interventions included lifestyle modifications (aerobic exercise + diet) in three studies and different exercise modalities in three studies. The intervention duration was 2-12 months; three interventions were supervised and three were self-directed. The pooled weighted mean difference between exercise and usual care for VO2peak was 1.42 mL/kg/min (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.30 to 2.54, P ≤ 0.001). A non-significant effect was observed for QoL (pooled standardized mean difference [SMD]: 0.24, 95% CI: - 0.03 to 0.51, P = 0.08) which became statistically significant and stronger after excluding one outlier study (P < 0.001). Exercise also had a positive effect on PSA levels (pooled SMD: - 0.43, 95% CI: - 0.87 to 0.01, P = 0.05). CONCLUSION Exercise improves cardiorespiratory fitness and may improve QoL and PSA levels in men with PCa on AS. Further studies with larger sample sizes are warranted to obtain more reliable results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Jun Lee
- Department of Sport Industry Studies, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Physical Therapy, Eunpyeong St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Yong Byeon
- Department of Sport Industry Studies, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Hyuk Park
- Department of Sport Industry Studies, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Geun Oh
- Department of Sport Industry Studies, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongsoo Lee
- Department of Urology, Urological Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Deuk Choi
- Department of Urology, Urological Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Woo Kang
- Division of Population Sciences, Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Ki-Yong An
- Division of Population Sciences, Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
- Faculty of Kinesiology, Sport, and Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Kerry S Courneya
- Faculty of Kinesiology, Sport, and Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Dong Hoon Lee
- Department of Sport Industry Studies, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Justin Y Jeon
- Department of Sport Industry Studies, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Cancer Prevention Center, Yonsei Cancer Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Doubblestein D, Koehler L, Anderson E, Scheiman N, Stewart P, Schaverien M, Armer J. Development of a core outcome set for breast cancer-related lymphedema: a Delphi study. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2024; 205:359-370. [PMID: 38424364 PMCID: PMC11101528 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-024-07262-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE For breast cancer survivors (BCS) living with breast cancer-related lymphedema (BCRL), what outcome domains (OD) should be measured to assess the burden of the disease and efficacy of interventions? A Core Outcome Set (COS) that promotes standardized measurement of outcomes within the constraints of time influenced by work environments is essential for patients and the multidisciplinary professionals that manage and research BCRL. METHODS Using Delphi methodology, a multidisciplinary group of BCRL experts (physical and occupational therapists, physicians, researchers, physical therapist assistants, nurses, and massage therapist) completed two waves of online surveys. BCRL expert respondents that completed the first survey (n = 78) had an average of 26.5 years in practice, whereas, respondents who completed the second survey (n = 33) had an average of 24.9 years. ODs were included in the COS when consensus thresholds, ranging from 70% to 80%, were met. RESULTS A total of 12 ODs made up the COS. Reaching a minimum consensus of 70%; volume, tissue consistency, pain, patient-reported upper quadrant function, patient-reported health-related quality of life, and upper extremity activity and motor control were recommended at different phases of the BCRL continuum in a time-constrained environment. Joint function, flexibility, strength, sensation, mobility and balance, and fatigue met an 80% consensus to be added when time and resources were not constrained. CONCLUSION The COS developed in this study thoroughly captures the burden of BCRL. Using this COS may reduce selective reporting, inconsistency in clinical use, and variability of reporting across interdisciplinary healthcare fields, which manage or research BCRL.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Linda Koehler
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | | | - Nicole Scheiman
- Occupational Therapy Assistant Program, Huntington University, Huntington, IN, USA
| | - Paula Stewart
- Parkridge Medical Center - Wound Care/Lymphedema Clinic, Parkridge Medical Center, Chattanooga, TN, USA
| | - Mark Schaverien
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Division of Surgery, MD Anderson Cancer Center, The University of Texas, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jane Armer
- Sinclair School of Nursing, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
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Sara SA, Heneka N, Green A, Chambers SK, Dunn J, Terry VR. Effectiveness of educational and psychological survivorship interventions to improve health-related quality of life outcomes for men with prostate cancer on androgen deprivation therapy: a systematic review. BMJ Open 2024; 14:e080310. [PMID: 38777593 PMCID: PMC11116859 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-080310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), a common treatment for prostate cancer, has debilitating impacts on physical and psychological quality of life. While some interventions focus on managing the physical side effects of ADT, there is a paucity of interventions that also address psychosocial and educational needs. The objective of this systematic review was to identify psychological and educational survivorship interventions targeting health-related quality of life (HRQoL) outcomes in men on ADT. DESIGN A systematic review of randomised controlled trials. DATA SOURCES Web of Science, Cochrane, EBSCO Host, PubMed, SCOPUS from inception (1984) to 28 January 2023. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA FOR SELECTING STUDIES Psychological and/or educational survivorship interventions targeting HRQoL outcomes for men on ADT; minimum 80% of participants on ADT; used a validated HRQoL outcome measure; published in English in a peer-reviewed journal. DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS Data extraction using pre-specified study criteria was conducted. Heterogeneity of eligible studies precluded a meta-analysis. RESULTS A total of 3381 publications were identified with eight meeting the criteria. Interventions were either psychological with a cognitive behavioural approach (n=4), or educational with (n=2) or without (n=2) psychoeducational components.Two studies reported a statistically significant improvement using a specific HRQoL measure. Most studies were not adequately powered and/or included small sample sizes limiting the conclusions that can be drawn on effectiveness. The most effective interventions were (i) individually based, (ii) educational with a psychoeducational component, (iii) supplemented with information packages and/or homework and (iv) included personalised needs assessments. CONCLUSION There is a paucity of literature reporting psychological and educational survivorship interventions targeting HRQoL outcomes for men on ADT. What is urgently needed are person-centred survivorship interventions that are flexible enough to identify and address individual needs, taking into account the impact ADT has on both physical and psychological quality of life. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD4202230809.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sally Am Sara
- University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Nicole Heneka
- University of Southern Queensland, Springfleld, Queensland, Australia
| | - Anna Green
- University of Southern Queensland, Springfleld, Queensland, Australia
| | - Suzanne K Chambers
- University of Southern Queensland, Springfleld, Queensland, Australia
- Australian Catholic University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jeff Dunn
- University of Southern Queensland, Springfleld, Queensland, Australia
- Prostate Cancer Foundation of Australia, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Victoria R Terry
- University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia
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Crevenna R, Hasenoehrl T, Wiltschke C, Kainberger F, Keilani M. Prescribing Exercise to Cancer Patients Suffering from Increased Bone Fracture Risk Due to Metastatic Bone Disease or Multiple Myeloma in Austria-An Inter- and Multidisciplinary Evaluation Measure. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15041245. [PMID: 36831587 PMCID: PMC9954683 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15041245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In the current absence of specific functional fracture risk assessment technology, the planning of physical exercise interventions for cancer patients suffering from increased bone fracture risk remains a serious clinical challenge. Until a reliable, solely technical solution is available for the clinician, fracture risk assessment remains an inter- and multidisciplinary decision to be made by various medical experts. The aim of this short paper is depicting how this challenge should be approached in the clinical reality according to Austrian experts in cancer rehabilitation, presenting the best-practice model in Austria. Following referral from the specialist responsible for the primary cancer treatment (oncologist, surgeon, etc.), the physiatrist takes on the role of rehabilitation case manager for each individual patient. Fracture risk assessment is then undertaken by specialists in radiology, orthopedics, oncology, and radiation therapy, with the result that the affected bone regions are classified as being at highly/slightly/not increased fracture risk. Following internal clearance, exercise planning is undertaken by a specialist in exercise therapy together with the physiatrist based on the individual's fracture risk assessment. In the case in which the patient shows exercise limitations due to additional musculoskeletal impairments, adjuvant physical modalities such as physiotherapy should be prescribed to increase exercisability. CONCLUSION Exercise prescription for cancer patients suffering from increased fracture risk is an inter- and multidisciplinary team decision for each individual patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Crevenna
- Department of Physical Medicine, Rehabilitation and Occupational Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +43-1-40400-43300; Fax: +43-1-40400-52810
| | - Timothy Hasenoehrl
- Department of Physical Medicine, Rehabilitation and Occupational Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Christoph Wiltschke
- Department of Physical Medicine, Rehabilitation and Occupational Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Franz Kainberger
- Department of Radiology and Osteology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Mohammad Keilani
- Department of Physical Medicine, Rehabilitation and Occupational Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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Dawson JK, Kang DW, Barnes O, Wilson RL, Norris MK, Dieli-Conwright CM. Efficacy of resistive exercise on skeletal muscle-related outcomes in cancer survivors: a systematic review protocol. Syst Rev 2022; 11:252. [PMID: 36419204 PMCID: PMC9686078 DOI: 10.1186/s13643-022-02130-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Symptom burden and adverse treatment effects can negatively impact physical function, health-related outcomes, and quality of life in cancer survivors. Resistive exercise that improves skeletal muscle function can ameliorate these complications, but the central role of the skeletal muscle in mediating improvements in patient-related outcomes has not been explored. This protocol describes the rationale and methods for a systematic review that aims to determine the effects of resistive exercise on the skeletal muscle hypertrophy, muscle performance, and muscle-related biomarkers in cancer survivors. METHODS A systematic review will be conducted on peer-reviewed randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that employ resistive exercise interventions for cancer survivors. The following electronic databases will be searched: AMED, CENTRAL, CINAHL, CIRRIE, EMBASE, MEDLINE, PEDro, REHABDATA, Scopus, and SPORTDiscus. Studies will be considered for inclusion if they present quantitative data in adult cancer survivors on skeletal muscle characteristics (e.g., muscle mass), muscle performance (e.g., strength), or skeletal muscle-related biomarkers (e.g., myocellular satellite cells). Secondary outcomes will be physical function (e.g., stair climb) and patient-reported outcomes (e.g., fatigue). Data will be reported through a narrative that describes study design, participants, interventions, and outcome characteristics. DISCUSSION This systematic review will help clarify the influence of resistive exercise on factors relating to the skeletal muscle in adult cancer survivors. Findings may provide insight into optimal exercise selection for evidence-based practice. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION PROSPERO: #277791 [under review].
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline K Dawson
- Department of Physical Therapy, California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA, USA
| | - Dong-Woo Kang
- Division of Population Sciences, Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Oscar Barnes
- Green Templeton College, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Rebekah L Wilson
- Division of Population Sciences, Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mary K Norris
- Division of Population Sciences, Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Christina M Dieli-Conwright
- Division of Population Sciences, Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA. .,Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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Zhang M, Li Y, Liu L, Huang M, Wang M, Zou J. The effects on type 2 diabetes mellitus mouse femoral bone achieved by anti-osteoporosis exercise interventions. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:914872. [PMID: 36465647 PMCID: PMC9715737 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.914872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Exercise therapy and key regulators of bone quality exert anti-hyperglycemic effects on type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) mice. A number of programs have been reported to have an effect on bone disease in T2DM. Major unanswered questions concern the potential correlation of exercise with the improvement of bone quality in T2DM mice and how the nonlinear optical properties of bone are correlated with changes to its crystal structure. Methods Subjects were randomly divided into six groups: 1) control (C) group, which was fed a normal diet (n = 8); 2) T2DM quiet group, which was given a high-fat diet and quiet (n = 8); 3) T2DM plus swimming (T2DM+S) group, which received T2DM and swim training (n = 8); 4) T2DM plus resistance exercise (T2DM+RE) group, which was given T2DM and resistance exercise (n = 8); 5) T2DM plus aerobic exercise (T2DM+AE) group, with T2DM and medium-intensity treadmill exercise (n = 8); and 6) T2DM plus high-intensity interval training (T2DM+HIIT), with T2DM and high-intensity variable-speed intervention (n = 8). The levels of runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), osterix (OSX), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP), as well as the bone microstructure and morphometry, were measured at the end of the 8-week exercise intervention. Results Compared with the C group, the bone microstructure indexes [bone mineral density (BMD), bone volume/tissue volume (BV/TV), cortical thickness (Ct.Th), and connectivity density (Conn.D)], the bone biomechanical properties (maximum load, fracture load, yield stress, and elastic modulus), and the osteogenic differentiation factors (RUNX2, OSX, and BMP2) of the T2DM group were significantly decreased (all p < 0.05). Compared with the T2DM group, there were obvious improvements in the osteogenic differentiation factor (OSX) and Th.N, while the separation of trabecular bone (Tb.Sp) decreased in the T2DM+AE and T2DM+HIIT groups (all p < 0.05). In addition, the bone microstructure indicators BV/TV, tissue mineral density (TMD), Conn.D, and degree of anisotropy (DA) also increased in the T2DM+HIIT group, but the yield stress and Ct.Th deteriorated compared with the T2DM group (all p < 0.05). Compared with the T2DM+S and T2DM+RE groups, the BV/TV, trabecular number (Tb.N), Tb.Sp, and Conn.D in the T2DM+AE and T2DM+HIIT groups were significantly improved, but no significant changes in the above indicators were found between the T2DM+S and T2DM+RE groups (all p < 0.05). In addition, the BMD and the expression of ALP in the T2DM+AE group were significantly higher than those in the T2DM+HIIT group (all p < 0.05). Conclusion There was a significant deterioration in femur bone mass, trabecular bone microarchitecture, cortical bone geometry, and bone mechanical strength in diabetic mice. However, such deterioration was obviously attenuated in diabetic mice given aerobic and high-intensity interval training, which would be induced mainly by suppressing the development of T2DM. Regular physical exercise may be an effective strategy for the prevention of not only the development of diabetes but also the deterioration of bone properties in patients with chronic T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Zhang
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuexuan Li
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Lifei Liu
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
- Department of Rehabilitation, The People’s Hospital of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China
| | - Mei Huang
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Miao Wang
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Zou
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
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Knowles R, Kemp E, Miller M, Davison K, Koczwara B. Physical activity interventions in older people with cancer: A review of systematic reviews. Eur J Cancer Care (Engl) 2022; 31:e13637. [PMID: 35730689 DOI: 10.1111/ecc.13637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Whilst there has been a wealth of research on benefits of physical activity (PA) in people with cancer, with three published reviews of reviews, no review of reviews has focused on older adults (65 years or older) who may have unique biological characteristics and barriers. We summarised PA effectiveness from reviews where majority of study participants were 65 years or older. METHODS Six databases were searched for systematic reviews of randomised controlled studies (RCTs)/quasi-RCTs examining any type of PA in reviews where majority of study participants were aged 65 years or older. Two reviewers conducted the search and analysis according to PRISMA and JBI guidelines. RESULTS Fifteen reviews involving 76 different primary studies (5404 participants) were included. The majority (3827; 71%) had prostate cancer. PA was associated with benefits across multiple physical outcomes (muscle mass, functional performance, strength), improved fatigue and health service outcomes. In contrast to younger adults, there was no improvement in anxiety and mixed findings for quality of life and depression. CONCLUSION PA is associated with multiple benefits in older adults with cancer, with some differences compared to younger individuals which may reflect biological or behavioural determinants. Future research should focus on mechanisms underlying PA effectiveness and underrepresented populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reegan Knowles
- Survivorship and Psycho-Oncology, Flinders Cancer Research, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Emma Kemp
- Survivorship and Psycho-Oncology, Flinders Cancer Research, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Michelle Miller
- College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Kade Davison
- Allied Health and Human Performance, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Bogda Koczwara
- Survivorship and Psycho-Oncology, Flinders Cancer Research, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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10
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Challenges of telemedical exercise management for cancer survivors during the COVID-19 pandemic. Support Care Cancer 2022; 30:9701-9702. [PMID: 35419734 PMCID: PMC9007624 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-022-07055-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Shipton DA, Dennett AM, Sayner AM, Tang CY. A national survey of oncology physiotherapy services for cancer survivors in Australia. Asia Pac J Clin Oncol 2022; 18:e404-e413. [PMID: 35098664 DOI: 10.1111/ajco.13739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer is a leading cause of illness globally. Advancements in screening and treatment have led to improved survivorship. Physiotherapy is integral in improving survivorship for people with cancer, with strong evidence supporting the use of various physiotherapy services. However, the scope and extent of these services within clinical practice in Australia is unknown. AIM Identify and describe physiotherapy service provision for cancer survivors in Australia and describe the scope of physiotherapy services provided to cancer survivors. METHODS This cross-sectional study recruited physiotherapists and their respective managers involved in cancer service/s provision across Australia. Physiotherapy departments of tertiary hospitals and known oncology rehabilitation programs were contacted through a government directory and snowball sampling. The online survey included questions related to the extent and scope of service provision of physiotherapy for cancer survivors. Quantitative data were descriptively analyzed whereas open-ended responses were analyzed and presented narratively. RESULTS Seventy-nine physiotherapy services were identified from 159 hospitals and/or health networks. Of the 55 (70%) responses received, 87% were from metropolitan areas, whereas 13% were regionally/rurally based services. Prehabilitation services mostly offered individual programs whereas rehabilitation programs had a mix of individual and group-based programs. The service content between prehabilitation and rehabilitation were similar, comprising primarily exercise-based interventions, followed by education and impairment-based therapies. CONCLUSION Few designated physiotherapy services for cancer survivors exist in Australia. There is also disparity between service provision between metropolitan and regional/rural areas highlighting a need for clinicians, managers, and policy makers to invest more resources in establishing oncology physiotherapy services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel A Shipton
- School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Amy M Dennett
- School of Allied Health, La Trobe University and Allied Health Clinical Research Office, Eastern Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Alesha M Sayner
- Western Health, Physiotherapy Department/Chronic and Complex Care, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Clarice Y Tang
- School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, New South Wales, Australia
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12
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Health-Related Quality of Life and Frequency of Physical Activity in Spanish Students Aged 8-14. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18179418. [PMID: 34502002 PMCID: PMC8430964 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18179418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The study of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in children and adolescents has important implications in terms of policy, education, and health. Data on the time spent in physical activity (PA) and in sedentary activities in this population are worrying. We aim to analyze possible differences in HRQoL and PA levels between sexes and age groups in Spanish students aged between 8 and 14 years, as well as to assess the relationship between HRQoL and the frequency of PA in this population. A total of 3197 participants (1610 boys and 1587 girls) from 8 to 14 years old were recruited. Mquality and Mapping Child Health Utility instrument (Chu9d) were used as HRQoL indicators. A medium positive association between PA and HRQoL concerning the Spanish school population was found. HRQoL was higher among students aged 8 to 12 than 13 to 14. Moreover, when children start secondary education, both sexes seem to lose the quality of life. Similarly, PA decreases among girls over the years, although it seems to increase among boys. Thus, PA levels and HRQoL are directly associated in Spanish schoolchildren aged between 8 and 14 years. However, this HRQoL decreases in children over the years. Practical implications include the need to support education and physical activity programs to improve HRQoL in children and adolescents.
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13
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Bressi B, Cagliari M, Contesini M, Mazzini E, Bergamaschi FAM, Moscato A, Bassi MC, Costi S. Physical exercise for bone health in men with prostate cancer receiving androgen deprivation therapy: a systematic review. Support Care Cancer 2021; 29:1811-1824. [PMID: 33119791 PMCID: PMC7892525 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-020-05830-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is a treatment used in men with prostate cancer (PCa); however it is responsible for many adverse effects, with negative impact on quality of life. ADT causes loss of bone mineral density (BMD) and skeletal muscle mass, alteration of body composition, and cognitive function, which altogether lead to increased risk of accidental falls and fractures. This systematic review analyses the effectiveness of physical exercise (PE) in preventing accidental falls and fractures and reducing the loss of BMD in men with PCa receiving ADT. METHODS We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, and the Cochrane Library for articles between database inception and September 2, 2020. Eligible studies included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating the effects of exercise on bone health in men with PCa receiving ADT. RESULTS Nine RCTs were included. Experimental PE consisted in multicomponent programmes that involved aerobic, resistance, impact-loading exercise, and football training. None of the RCTs investigated the risk of accidental falls and fractures, while two trials reported beneficial effects of PE on lumbar spine, hip, and femoral shaft BMD. No further significant difference was detected in the outcomes investigated. CONCLUSION Evidence of the effectiveness of PE to prevent the risk of accidental falls and fractures and BMD loss is lacking. Nevertheless, clinical guidelines recommend PE as a part of the clinical management of men with PCa receiving ADT due to its known numerous health benefits. Research should focus on PE strategies to prevent accidental falls, a clinically relevant outcome in this vulnerable population. TRIAL REGISTRATION The study protocol was registered with International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO, number CRD 42020158444 ) on 04/28/2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Bressi
- PhD Program in Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy.
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy.
| | - Maribel Cagliari
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Contesini
- Human Resource Development - Training Radiographers and Radiations Terapist, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia , Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Elisa Mazzini
- Medical Directorate Hospital Network, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia , Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Franco Antonio Mario Bergamaschi
- Urology and Mininvasive Surgery, Department of General and Specialist Surgeries, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia , Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Alfredo Moscato
- Urology and Mininvasive Surgery, Department of General and Specialist Surgeries, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia , Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Maria Chiara Bassi
- Medical Library, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia , Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Stefania Costi
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- Scientific Directorate , Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia , Reggio Emilia, Italy
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Zdravkovic A, Hasenoehrl T, Crevenna R. Resistance Exercise in Prostate Cancer Patients: a Short Review. CURRENT PHYSICAL MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION REPORTS 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s40141-021-00307-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Purpose of Review
The aim of this paper is to provide an overview of recent findings concerning the utilization of resistance exercise (RE) in prostate cancer (PCa), in particular as pertaining to the management of cancer therapy side effects.
Recent Findings
As of late, studies investigating the effects of RE in PCa patients have found positive effects on muscle strength, body composition, physical functioning, quality of life, and fatigue. The combination of RE and impact training appears to decrease the loss of bone mineral density. RE seems to be well accepted and tolerated, even by patients with bone metastatic disease, although a modification of the RE prescription is often necessary.
Summary
In PCa patients, RE has been well-researched and the data are clear that it is beneficial in multiple ways. Future directions should look at the long-term effects of RE, including mortality and relapse, as well as implementation of exercise programs.
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Finlay A, Evans H, Vincent A, Wittert G, Vandelanotte C, Short CE. Optimising Web-Based Computer-Tailored Physical Activity Interventions for Prostate Cancer Survivors: A Randomised Controlled Trial Examining the Impact of Website Architecture on User Engagement. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17217920. [PMID: 33126692 PMCID: PMC7662822 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17217920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Web-based computer-tailored interventions can assist prostate cancer survivors to become more physically active by providing personally relevant behaviour change support. This study aimed to explore how changing the website architecture (free choice vs. tunnelled) impacted engagement within a physical activity computer-tailored intervention targeting prostate cancer survivors. METHODS On a 2:2:1 ratio, 71 Australian prostate cancer survivors with local or locally advanced disease (mean age: 66.6 years ± 9.66) were randomised into either a free-choice (N = 27), tunnelled (N = 27) or minimal intervention control arm (N =17). The primary outcome was differences in usage of the physical activity self-monitoring and feedback modules between the two intervention arms. Differences in usage of other website components between the two intervention groups were explored as secondary outcomes. Further, secondary outcomes involving comparisons between all study groups (including the control) included usability, personal relevance, and behaviour change. RESULTS The average number of physical activity self-monitoring and feedback modules accessed was higher in the tunnelled arm (M 2.6 SD 1.3) compared to the free-choice arm (M 1.5 SD 1.4), p = 0.01. However, free-choice participants were significantly more likely to have engaged with the social support (p = 0.008) and habit formation (p = 0.003) 'once-off' modules compared to the standard tunnelled arm. There were no other between-group differences found for any other study outcomes. CONCLUSION This study indicated that website architecture influences behavioural engagement. Further research is needed to examine the impact of differential usage on mechanisms of action and behaviour change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Finlay
- The Freemasons Foundation Centre for Men’s Health, School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide 5000, SA, Australia; (A.F.); (H.E.); (A.V.); (G.W.)
| | - Holly Evans
- The Freemasons Foundation Centre for Men’s Health, School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide 5000, SA, Australia; (A.F.); (H.E.); (A.V.); (G.W.)
| | - Andrew Vincent
- The Freemasons Foundation Centre for Men’s Health, School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide 5000, SA, Australia; (A.F.); (H.E.); (A.V.); (G.W.)
| | - Gary Wittert
- The Freemasons Foundation Centre for Men’s Health, School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide 5000, SA, Australia; (A.F.); (H.E.); (A.V.); (G.W.)
| | - Corneel Vandelanotte
- Physical Activity Research Group, Appleton Institute, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton 4701, QLD, Australia;
| | - Camille E Short
- The Freemasons Foundation Centre for Men’s Health, School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide 5000, SA, Australia; (A.F.); (H.E.); (A.V.); (G.W.)
- The Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences and Melbourne School of Health Science (Jointly Appointed), The University of Melbourne, Parkville 3010, VIC, Australia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +61-3-8344-1192
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Logan L, Toohey K, Kavanagh PS, Paterson C, McKune AJ. The Effect of Exercise on Body Composition and Physical Performance in Prostate Cancer Patients Undergoing Androgen Deprivation Therapy (ADT): A Narrative Synthesis. Semin Oncol Nurs 2020; 36:151067. [PMID: 33010982 DOI: 10.1016/j.soncn.2020.151067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This review sought to synthesize evidence examining the effect of exercise on prostate cancer patients undergoing androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). DATA SOURCES A systematic literature search was conducted in electronic databases (CINAHL, MEDLINE, APA PsychINFO, Scopus, SPORTDiscus, and Cochrane Library) from their inception to March 31, 2020. Inclusion criteria were randomized controlled trials (RCTs) testing the effect of exercise on body composition, muscle strength and physical performance. Fourteen RCTs were included. Participant numbers within the individual RCTs ranged from 19 to 163 with heterogeneity in prostate cancer stage (localized and locally advanced diagnoses) with age of participants ranging from 43 to 90 years. The length of the interventions ranged from 12 weeks to 12 months, with the number of sessions per week ranging from 2 to 5. Resistance training intensity ranged from 60% to 90% 1RM and the aerobic training ranged from 60% to 90% HRmax. CONCLUSIONS Resistance training and sport (football) in the form of small sided games (SSGs) played an important role in preserving bone mineral density and lean mass as well as improving muscle strength and physical performance outcomes in men affected by prostate cancer undergoing ADT. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE Multimodal exercise, including resistance exercise and activity that includes repeated sprints (SSGs), benefit the maintenance of bone mineral density and lean mass as well as increase strength and physical performance in men affected by prostate cancer undergoing ADT. Based on this evidence, nurses should coordinate timely referrals to qualified exercise physiologists or physiotherapist with expertise in cancer care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Logan
- Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australia
| | - Kellie Toohey
- Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australia; Prehabilitation, Activity, Cancer, Exercise, Survivorship (PACES) Research Group, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australia
| | - Phillip S Kavanagh
- Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australia; Justice and Society, University of South Australia, Magill SA, Australia
| | - Catherine Paterson
- Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australia; Prehabilitation, Activity, Cancer, Exercise, Survivorship (PACES) Research Group, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australia
| | - Andrew J McKune
- Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australia; Prehabilitation, Activity, Cancer, Exercise, Survivorship (PACES) Research Group, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australia; Research Institute for Sport and Exercise (UCRISE), Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra ACT, Australia; Discipline of Biokinetics, Exercise and Leisure Sciences, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.
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17
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Edmunds K, Tuffaha H, Scuffham P, Galvão DA, Newton RU. The role of exercise in the management of adverse effects of androgen deprivation therapy for prostate cancer: a rapid review. Support Care Cancer 2020; 28:5661-5671. [PMID: 32699997 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-020-05637-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in Australia, accounting for one quarter of all new cancer diagnoses for males. Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is the standard first-line therapy for metastatic PCa but is also used across much of the spectrum of disease. Unfortunately, debilitating adverse effects are a significant and largely unavoidable feature of ADT. A recent systematic review of adverse effects of ADT identified 19 sub-groups classified according to the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) Version 5.0. The potential for multiple simultaneous adverse effects, their associated management and the impact of adverse effects on cancer outcomes and quality of life are important considerations in the treatment and supportive care of men with PCa. Exercise is increasingly being recognized as an efficacious strategy in managing these adverse effects. METHODS A rapid review was undertaken to examine the role of exercise in the management of the most commonly reported ADT adverse effects classified according to the CTCAE sub-groups. A systematic search was conducted in Medline, PsycINFO, Google Scholar and Google for the years 2010 to September 2019 to identify the benefits of exercise in managing the adverse effects of ADT for PCa. RESULTS There is strong evidence for exercise as medicine in addressing several of the adverse effects of PCa such as loss of muscle mass and strength, fatigue and declining physical function. Moderate level evidence for PCa exists for exercise-induced improvements in depression and anxiety, bone loss, and sexual dysfunction. While evidence of the effectiveness of exercise is lacking for many adverse effects of ADT for PCa, evidence in the cancer population as a whole or other clinical populations is strong, and many clinical guidelines recommend exercise as a fundamental part of their clinical management. With the exception of gynaecomastia and breast pain, there is increasing evidence (PCa, cancer or other clinical populations) to suggest that exercise has the potential to reduce and even prevent many of the adverse effects of ADT, thus improving survivorship outcomes for men with PCa. CONCLUSION Exercise has the potential to reduce and even prevent many of the adverse effects of ADT, thus improving survivorship outcomes for men with PCa. The use of exercise for PCa management has the potential to translate into health and economic benefits in improved quality of life and fewer complications, resulting in savings to the health care system, enhanced productivity and reduced patient and carer burden. Exercise thus has the potential to improve quality of life for this population as well as generate significant cost savings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim Edmunds
- Centre for Applied Health Economics, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia. .,Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia.
| | - Haitham Tuffaha
- Centre for the Business and Economics of Health, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Paul Scuffham
- Centre for Applied Health Economics, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia.,Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia
| | - Daniel A Galvão
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Australia
| | - Robert U Newton
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Australia.,School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
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18
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Effects of resistance exercise in prostate cancer patients : A systematic review update as of March 2020. Wien Klin Wochenschr 2020; 132:452-463. [PMID: 32681360 PMCID: PMC7445198 DOI: 10.1007/s00508-020-01713-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Purpose The aim of this systematic review is to provide an update on the effects of resistance exercise (RE) in patients with prostate cancer (PCa), with special attention to the effects on sexual health. Methods A systematic search of the literature was conducted in March 2020 using the databases PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, SCOPUS and the Cochrane Library. Only randomized, controlled trials published after 31 December 2016 were included in this update. Additionally, articles from current and previous reviews were utilized to provide a brief summary of the effects on sexual health. Results A total of 10 articles met the inclusion criteria, of which 5 were identified as independent studies. The remaining five articles presented additional data for studies, which have already been included. The identified studies further strengthened the evidence for positive effects on muscle strength, body composition and physical function. Positive effects on bone mineral density were apparent only when RE was combined with impact training. One article reported an improvement in fatigue and health-related quality of life. Only one study examined the effects of RE in isolation and three articles indicated positive effects of exercise on sexual health. Conclusion Recent evidence supports the use of RE in PCa patient rehabilitation as a countermeasure for treatment side effects. Further research is necessary to ascertain the optimal delivery methods and illuminate the effects on health-related quality of life (HRQOL), fatigue and sexual health.
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19
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Resistance exercise and breast cancer-related lymphedema-a systematic review update and meta-analysis. Support Care Cancer 2020; 28:3593-3603. [PMID: 32415386 PMCID: PMC7316683 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-020-05521-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this systematic review update and meta-analysis was to analyze resistance exercise (RE) intervention trials in breast cancer survivors (BCS) regarding their effect on breast cancer-related lymphedema (BCRL) status and upper and lower extremity strength. METHODS Systematic literature search was conducted utilizing PubMed, MEDLINE, and Embase databases. Any exercise intervention studies-both randomized controlled and uncontrolled-which assessed the effects of RE on BCRL in BCS in at least one intervention group published between 1966 and 31st January 2020 were included. Included articles were analyzed regarding their level of evidence and their methodological quality using respective tools for randomized and nonrandomized trials of the Cochrane collaboration. Meta-analysis for bioimpedance spectroscopy (BIS) values as well as upper and lower extremity strength was conducted. RESULTS Altogether, 29 studies were included in the systematic review. Results of six studies with altogether twelve RE intervention groups could be pooled for meta-analysis of the BCRL. A significant reduction of BCRL after RE was seen in BIS values (95% CI - 1.10 [- 2.19, - 0.01] L-Dex score). Furthermore, strength results of six studies could be pooled and meta-analysis showed significant improvements of muscular strength in the upper and lower extremities (95% CI 8.96 [3.42, 14.51] kg and 95% CI 23.42 [11.95, 34.88] kg, respectively). CONCLUSION RE does not have a systematic negative effect on BCRL and, on the contrary, potentially decreases it.
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20
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Cormie P, Zopf EM. Exercise medicine for the management of androgen deprivation therapy-related side effects in prostate cancer. Urol Oncol 2020; 38:62-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2018.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2018] [Revised: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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21
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Ghayour-Mobarhan M, Ferns GA, Moghbeli M. Genetic and molecular determinants of prostate cancer among Iranian patients: An update. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci 2020; 57:37-53. [PMID: 31895010 DOI: 10.1080/10408363.2019.1657061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common age-related cancers among men. Various environmental and genetic factors are involved in the development and progression of PCa. In most cases, the primary symptoms of disease are not severe. Therefore, it is common for patients to be referred with severe clinical manifestations at advanced stages of disease. Since this malignancy is age related and Iran will face a significant increase in the number of seniors, it is expected that the prevalence of PCa among Iranian men will rise. PCa progression has been observed to be associated with genetic and ethnic factors. It may therefore be clinically useful to determine a panel of genetic markers, in addition to routine diagnostic methods, to detect tumors in the early stages. In the present review, we have summarized the reported genetic markers in PCa Iranian patients to pave the way for the determination of an ethnic specific genetic marker panel for the early detection of PCa. To understand the genetic and molecular biology of PCa among Iranians, we have categorized these genetic markers based on their cellular functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majid Ghayour-Mobarhan
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Gordon A Ferns
- Division of Medical Education, Brighton & Sussex Medical School, Brighton, UK
| | - Meysam Moghbeli
- Medical Genetics Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Shapiro CL, Van Poznak C, Lacchetti C, Kirshner J, Eastell R, Gagel R, Smith S, Edwards BJ, Frank E, Lyman GH, Smith MR, Mhaskar R, Henderson T, Neuner J. Management of Osteoporosis in Survivors of Adult Cancers With Nonmetastatic Disease: ASCO Clinical Practice Guideline. J Clin Oncol 2019; 37:2916-2946. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.19.01696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this work is to provide evidence-based guidance on the management of osteoporosis in survivors of adult cancer. METHODS ASCO convened a multidisciplinary Expert Panel to develop guideline recommendations based on a systematic review of the literature. RESULTS The literature search of the 2018 systematic review by the US Preventive Services Task Force in the noncancer population was used as the evidentiary base upon which the Expert Panel based many of its recommendations. A total of 61 additional studies on topics and populations not covered in the US Preventive Services Task Force review were also included. Patients with cancer with metastatic disease and cancer survival outcomes related to bone-modifying agents are not included in this guideline. RECOMMENDATIONS Patients with nonmetastatic cancer may be at risk for osteoporotic fractures due to baseline risks or due to the added risks that are associated with their cancer therapy. Clinicians are advised to assess fracture risk using established tools. For those patients with substantial risk of osteoporotic fracture, the clinician should obtain a bone mineral density test. The bone health of all patients may benefit from optimizing nutrition, exercise, and lifestyle. When a pharmacologic agent is indicated, bisphosphonates or denosumab at osteoporosis-indicated dosages are the preferred interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jeffrey Kirshner
- Hematology-Oncology Associates of Central New York, Syracuse, NY
| | | | | | | | - Beatrice J. Edwards
- University of Texas Dell Med School and Central Texas Veterans Healthcare System, Austin, TX
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Keilani M, Kainberger F, Pataraia A, Hasenöhrl T, Wagner B, Palma S, Cenik F, Crevenna R. Typical aspects in the rehabilitation of cancer patients suffering from metastatic bone disease or multiple myeloma. Wien Klin Wochenschr 2019; 131:567-575. [PMID: 31267163 PMCID: PMC6851044 DOI: 10.1007/s00508-019-1524-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to present a practical concept focusing on typical aspects of regular physical activity, exercise and physical modalities for patients suffering from metastatic bone disease or multiple myeloma. Methods A narrative review of the relevant scientific literature and presentation of clinical experiences. Results In cancer patients with metastatic bone disease or multiple myeloma, pain is treated in an interdisciplinary and multimodal setting by using medication, radiotherapy and physical medical modalities (e.g. transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation); however, modalities increasing local blood flow, such as ultrasound therapy, thermotherapy, massage, various electrotherapy options, are not performed at the site of the tumor. For physical activity and exercise, a suitable indication of the static and dynamic capacity of the affected skeletal structures is essential. This process includes strategies to maintain and improve mobility and independence. Individually tailored and adapted physical activity and exercise concepts (programs) within a multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary setting (tumor board) are used to manage the condition and bone load-bearing capacity of the patient. Typical clinical features and complications, such as pathological fractures in patients suffering from metastatic bone disease and additionally hypercalcemia, monoclonal gammopathy with bone marrow aplasia and risk of renal failure in patients with multiple myeloma have to be considered when planning supportive strategies and rehabilitation. Conclusion In order to ensure the safety and effectiveness of regular physical activity, exercise, and physical modalities in patients with metastatic bone disease or multiple myeloma, typical contraindications and considerations should be noted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Keilani
- Department of Physical Medicine, Rehabilitation and Occupational Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Franz Kainberger
- Division of Neuro- and Musculoskeletal Radiology, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Anna Pataraia
- Department of Physical Medicine, Rehabilitation and Occupational Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Timothy Hasenöhrl
- Department of Physical Medicine, Rehabilitation and Occupational Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Barbara Wagner
- Department of Physical Medicine, Rehabilitation and Occupational Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Stefano Palma
- Department of Physical Medicine, Rehabilitation and Occupational Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Fadime Cenik
- Department of Physical Medicine, Rehabilitation and Occupational Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Richard Crevenna
- Department of Physical Medicine, Rehabilitation and Occupational Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
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Lam T, McLean M, Hayden A, Poljak A, Cheema B, Gurney H, Stone G, Bahl N, Reddy N, Shahidipour H, Birzniece V. A potent liver-mediated mechanism for loss of muscle mass during androgen deprivation therapy. Endocr Connect 2019; 8:605-615. [PMID: 30991356 PMCID: PMC6510709 DOI: 10.1530/ec-19-0179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) in prostate cancer results in muscular atrophy, due to loss of the anabolic actions of testosterone. Recently, we discovered that testosterone acts on the hepatic urea cycle to reduce amino acid nitrogen elimination. We now hypothesize that ADT enhances protein oxidative losses by increasing hepatic urea production, resulting in muscle catabolism. We also investigated whether progressive resistance training (PRT) can offset ADT-induced changes in protein metabolism. OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of ADT on whole-body protein metabolism and hepatic urea production with and without a home-based PRT program. DESIGN A randomized controlled trial. PATIENTS AND INTERVENTION Twenty-four prostate cancer patients were studied before and after 6 weeks of ADT. Patients were randomized into either usual care (UC) (n = 11) or PRT (n = 13) starting immediately after ADT. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The rate of hepatic urea production was measured by the urea turnover technique using 15N2-urea. Whole-body leucine turnover was measured, and leucine rate of appearance (LRa), an index of protein breakdown and leucine oxidation (Lox), a measure of irreversible protein loss, was calculated. RESULTS ADT resulted in a significant mean increase in hepatic urea production (from 427.6 ± 18.8 to 486.5 ± 21.3; P < 0.01) regardless of the exercise intervention. Net protein loss, as measured by Lox/Lra, increased by 12.6 ± 4.9% (P < 0.05). PRT preserved lean body mass without affecting hepatic urea production. CONCLUSION As early as 6 weeks after initiation of ADT, the suppression of testosterone increases protein loss through elevated hepatic urea production. Short-term PRT was unable to offset changes in protein metabolism during a state of profound testosterone deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Lam
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Blacktown Hospital, Blacktown, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
- Correspondence should be addressed to T Lam:
| | - Mark McLean
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Blacktown Hospital, Blacktown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Amy Hayden
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Blacktown Hospital, Blacktown, New South Wales, Australia
- Crown Princess Mary Cancer Centre, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Anne Poljak
- Bioanalytical Mass Spectrometry Facility and School of Medical Sciences, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Birinder Cheema
- School of Science and Health, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Howard Gurney
- Crown Princess Mary Cancer Centre, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Glenn Stone
- School of Computing, Engineering and Mathematics, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Neha Bahl
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Navneeta Reddy
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Blacktown Hospital, Blacktown, New South Wales, Australia
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Haleh Shahidipour
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Blacktown Hospital, Blacktown, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Translational Health Research Institute, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Vita Birzniece
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Blacktown Hospital, Blacktown, New South Wales, Australia
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Translational Health Research Institute, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia
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Culos-Reed SN, Dew M, Shank J, Langelier DM, McDonough M. Qualitative Evaluation of a Community-Based Physical Activity and Yoga Program for Men Living With Prostate Cancer: Survivor Perspectives. Glob Adv Health Med 2019; 8:2164956119837487. [PMID: 31024755 PMCID: PMC6472160 DOI: 10.1177/2164956119837487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Physical activity (PA) programs for prostate cancer survivors have positive effects on many aspects of health-related quality of life. Translating this research into sustainable community-based settings is necessary to ensure access to programs for survivors. This study examines patient perspectives in the community-based TrueNTH Lifestyle Management (TrueNTH LM) program in Calgary, Canada. Methods Eleven men from programs at civic wellness centers participated in 2 small semistructured focus groups (n = 5 and 6) at the University of Calgary. Motivation for program initiation and adherence, benefits and barriers to participation, and individual satisfaction and feedback on program improvement were discussed. Audio recordings were transcribed and analyzed using thematic methodology guided by a pragmatic philosophy on the patient experience in the program. Results Themes identified included perceived benefits of participating (physical, psychological, and social), facilitators for involvement in the PA program (program design, initial free access, tailored to prostate cancer specific needs, psychosocial environment), and opportunities for improvement and sustainability (exercise as a part of standard care, cost structure, home-based options). Conclusions These findings provide valuable insight into patient perspectives on effective characteristics of prostate cancer and exercise programs. TrueNTH LM has implemented findings, and ensuring needs (benefits and barriers) are addressed for prostate cancer survivors when entering community-based PA programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- S N Culos-Reed
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada.,Department of Oncology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada.,Department of Psychosocial Resources, Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Canada
| | - M Dew
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - J Shank
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - D M Langelier
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada.,Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - M McDonough
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
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Ashton RE, Tew GA, Robson WA, Saxton JM, Aning JJ. Cross-sectional study of patient-reported fatigue, physical activity and cardiovascular status in men after robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy. Support Care Cancer 2019; 27:4763-4770. [PMID: 30969369 PMCID: PMC6825227 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-019-04794-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 03/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Purpose Patient-reported fatigue after robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) has not been characterised to date. Fatigue after other prostate cancer (PCa) treatments is known to impact on patient-reported quality of life. The aim of this study was to characterise fatigue, physical activity levels and cardiovascular status post-RARP. Methods Between October 2016 and March 2017, men post-RARP or on androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) were invited into the study. Participants were asked to complete the Brief Fatigue Inventory (BFI) and Stage of Change and Scottish Physical Activity Questionnaires (SPAQ) over a 2-week period. Outcome measures were patient-reported fatigue, physical activity levels and the 10-year risk of cardiovascular disease (Q-Risk). Data were analysed in SPSS. Results 96/117 (82%) men approached consented to participate; of these, 62/96 (65%) returned complete questionnaire data (RARP n = 42, ADT n = 20). All men reported fatigue with 9/42 (21%) post-RARP reporting clinically significant fatigue. Physical activity did not correlate with fatigue. On average, both groups were overweight (BMI 27.0 ± 3.9 kg/m2 and 27.8 ± 12.3 kg/m2 for RARP and ADT, respectively) and the post-RARP group had an 18.1% ± 7.4% Q-Risk2 score. Conclusions A proportion of men is at increased risk of cardiovascular disease within 10 years post-RARP and have substantial levels of fatigue; therefore, clinicians should consider including these factors when counselling patients about RARP. Additionally, men post-RARP did not meet the recommended guidelines for resistance-based exercise. Future research is needed to establish whether interventions including resistance-based exercise can improve health and fatigue levels in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth E Ashton
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation, University of Northumbria at Newcastle, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
| | - Garry A Tew
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation, University of Northumbria at Newcastle, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Wendy A Robson
- Department of Urology, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - John M Saxton
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation, University of Northumbria at Newcastle, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Jonathan J Aning
- Bristol Urological Institute, North Bristol NHS Trust, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, UK
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Fox L, Wiseman T, Cahill D, Fleure L, Kinsella J, Van Hemelrijck M. Brief behavioural intervention, delivered as standard care, to support physical activity engagement in men with prostate cancer: a pilot study protocol. BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med 2019; 4:e000469. [PMID: 30774975 PMCID: PMC6350748 DOI: 10.1136/bmjsem-2018-000469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Physical activity is beneficial to men with prostate cancer, but there remain barriers to fulfilling the potential of National Health Service trusts to support men with prostate cancer to be physically active. This article describes protocols for two pilot studies, each conducted in a different setting, designed to assess the potential of a behavioural intervention to affect patients’ motivation to exercise. The intervention is theory based and inspired by recent empirical observations. Methods and analysis The intervention consists of a 10 min talk, delivered to patients by a man with a history of prostate cancer treatment and a good experience of exercise, as part of their standard care. This talk either takes place in a preradical prostatectomy seminar (study one), or a post-treatment seminar designed to assist patients in adjusting to life after treatment (study two). Outcomes will be compared between patients attending the existing seminar format, and patients attending the novel seminar format. The two primary outcomes are: (1) differences in self-reported physical activity before and 90 days after the seminar and (2) the likelihood of the patient seeing an in-house exercise physiotherapist in those 90 days. Data on quality of life, fatigue and exercise behavioural regulations will also be captured at the same time points. Ethics and dissemination These two projects have been approved by internal clinical audit committees due to their focus on service improvement. Findings from these pilot studies will be presented at oncology meetings and submitted for publication in academic journals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louis Fox
- Translational Oncology and Urology Research, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Theresa Wiseman
- Applied Health Research, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Declan Cahill
- Urology Unit, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Louisa Fleure
- Urology Services, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Janette Kinsella
- Urology Unit, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
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28
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Crevenna R. Physical medicine in cancer rehabilitation: A narrative review. HAMDAN MEDICAL JOURNAL 2019. [DOI: 10.4103/hmj.hmj_38_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Palma S, Keilani M, Hasenoehrl T, Crevenna R. Impact of supportive therapy modalities on heart rate variability in cancer patients - a systematic review. Disabil Rehabil 2018; 42:36-43. [PMID: 30512975 DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2018.1514664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Purpose: To systematically review literature for interventional studies and their impact on autonomic dysfunction assessed by heart rate variability in cancer patients.Methods: Research was conducted using the databases Medline/Pubmed, Scopus, and Web of science from their inception to October 2017. Original articles with an interventional design that reported changes in at least one heart rate variability parameter as outcome parameter were included and described.Results: Ten studies were identified as eligible for subsequent analysis. The main application field in oncological therapy setting was music therapy intervention, Traditional Chinese Medicine related treatments, exercise interventions, relaxation, and myofascial release techniques. Breast cancer was the most frequently described single cancer entity. Heart rate variability recording was performed with standard electrocardiography devices or wearable heart rate monitors, within a time range between 5 and 20 min and a sampling rate varying from 200 to 1000 Hz. No adverse events were reported in all studies.Conclusions: Supportive therapy modalities may have the potential to enhance vegetative functioning. In this context, heart rate variability analysis appears to be an easily applicable and safe method to evaluate cancer related autonomic dysfunction. More large prospective multicentre randomised controlled trials are needed.Implication for rehabilitationMost cancer patients face autonomic dysfunction due to the disease itself the applied treatments or combination of both.HRV measurement is an easy and safe method to asses autonomic dysfunction.Supportive treatments targeting on an elevation of the vagal tone and autonomic balance in general might have beneficial effects for cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Palma
- Department of Physical Medicine, Rehabilitation and Occupational Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Mohammad Keilani
- Department of Physical Medicine, Rehabilitation and Occupational Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Timothy Hasenoehrl
- Department of Physical Medicine, Rehabilitation and Occupational Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Richard Crevenna
- Department of Physical Medicine, Rehabilitation and Occupational Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Crevenna R, Kainberger F, Wiltschke C, Marosi C, Wolzt M, Cenik F, Keilani M. Cancer rehabilitation: current trends and practices within an Austrian University Hospital Center. Disabil Rehabil 2018; 42:2-7. [PMID: 30328719 DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2018.1514665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Background: Cancer rehabilitation has the goal to improve functional status, quality of life, participation, and can improve quality of patient-centered programs and health care efficiencies. In Austria, inpatient cancer rehabilitation is well established but outpatient rehabilitation has not yet established well.Methods: The present article is describing current rehabilitation in practice and focuses on cancer rehabilitation in Austria, namely bringing together a descriptive account of current trends and practices within an Austrian University Hospital Center (General Hospital of Vienna linked to the Medical University of Vienna) and the Comprehensive Cancer Centre (CCC) Vienna, Austria.Results: Cancer Rehabilitation in the described Austrian University Hospital Center is well developed due to the help of all different clinics dealing with cancer patients and of the opinion leaders of the CCC Vienna. The Department of Physical Medicine, Rehabilitation, and Occupational Medicine of the Medical University of Vienna as a part of the CCC Vienna with his "Pioneer-Status" and the described milestones has been integrated in the national cancer rehabilitation concept of our country from the beginning.Conclusions: Also in Austria, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation with competencies in diagnostic and therapy as well as of coordination of the multiprofessional and interdisciplinary rehabilitation teams is an important part of cancer rehabilitation.Implications for rehabilitationCancer rehabilitation is an important part in the treatment and care of cancer patients with the goal to improve functional status, quality of life, and participationCancer rehabilitation helps cancer survivors to be integrated in their normal live, namely to increase social participation and/or workabilityThe field of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation with competencies in diagnostic and therapy as well as of coordination of the multi-professional and interdisciplinary rehabilitation teams is an important part of cancer rehabilitationInterventions and treatment approaches from the field of Physical Medicine and rehabilitation include the application of Physical Modalities like electrotherapy, thermotherapy, balneology and climatic therapy, phototherapy, and mechanotherapy Cancer rehabilitation has to be early integrated into the cancer care continuum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Crevenna
- Department of Physical Medicine, Rehabilitation and Occupational Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Franz Kainberger
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Division of Neuro- and Musculoskeletal Radiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christoph Wiltschke
- Department of Internal Medicine I/Division of Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christine Marosi
- Department of Internal Medicine I/Division of Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Wolzt
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Fadime Cenik
- Department of Physical Medicine, Rehabilitation and Occupational Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Mohammad Keilani
- Department of Physical Medicine, Rehabilitation and Occupational Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Crawford-Williams F, March S, Goodwin BC, Ralph N, Galvão DA, Newton RU, Chambers SK, Dunn J. Interventions for prostate cancer survivorship: A systematic review of reviews. Psychooncology 2018; 27:2339-2348. [DOI: 10.1002/pon.4888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Revised: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fiona Crawford-Williams
- Institute for Resilient Regions; University of Southern Queensland; Springfield Central Queensland Australia
| | - Sonja March
- Institute for Resilient Regions; University of Southern Queensland; Springfield Central Queensland Australia
- School of Psychology; University of Southern Queensland; Springfield Central Queensland Australia
| | - Belinda C. Goodwin
- Institute for Resilient Regions; University of Southern Queensland; Springfield Central Queensland Australia
| | - Nicholas Ralph
- Institute for Resilient Regions; University of Southern Queensland; Springfield Central Queensland Australia
- School of Nursing and Midwifery; University of Southern Queensland; Toowoomba Queensland Australia
| | - Daniel A. Galvão
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute; Edith Cowan University; Joondalup Western Australia Australia
- School of Medical and Health Sciences; Edith Cowan University; Joondalup Western Australia Australia
| | - Robert U. Newton
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute; Edith Cowan University; Joondalup Western Australia Australia
- School of Medical and Health Sciences; Edith Cowan University; Joondalup Western Australia Australia
| | - Suzanne K. Chambers
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute; Edith Cowan University; Joondalup Western Australia Australia
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland; Griffith University; Southport Queensland Australia
- Faculty of Health; University of Technology Sydney; Sydney New South Wales Australia
- Cancer Research Centre; Cancer Council Queensland; Fortitude Valley Queensland Australia
| | - Jeff Dunn
- Institute for Resilient Regions; University of Southern Queensland; Springfield Central Queensland Australia
- Faculty of Health; University of Technology Sydney; Sydney New South Wales Australia
- Cancer Research Centre; Cancer Council Queensland; Fortitude Valley Queensland Australia
- School of Medicine; Griffith University; Brisbane Queensland Australia
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Uth J, Fristrup B, Haahr RD, Brasso K, Helge JW, Rørth M, Midtgaard J, Helge EW, Krustrup P. Football training over 5 years is associated with preserved femoral bone mineral density in men with prostate cancer. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2018; 28 Suppl 1:61-73. [DOI: 10.1111/sms.13242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Uth
- University Hospitals Centre for Health Research (UCSF); Rigshospitalet; University Hospital of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics; Faculty of Health Sciences; University of Southern Denmark (SDU); Odense Denmark
| | - B. Fristrup
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics; Faculty of Health Sciences; University of Southern Denmark (SDU); Odense Denmark
| | - R. D. Haahr
- University Hospitals Centre for Health Research (UCSF); Rigshospitalet; University Hospital of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics; Faculty of Health Sciences; University of Southern Denmark (SDU); Odense Denmark
| | - K. Brasso
- Department of Urology; Copenhagen Prostate Cancer Center; Rigshospitalet; University Hospital of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - J. W. Helge
- Department of Biomedical Sciences; Center for Healthy Aging; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - M. Rørth
- Department of Oncology; Rigshospitalet; University Hospital of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - J. Midtgaard
- University Hospitals Centre for Health Research (UCSF); Rigshospitalet; University Hospital of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
- Department of Public Health; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - E. W. Helge
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports; Copenhagen Centre for Team Sport and Health; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - P. Krustrup
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics; Faculty of Health Sciences; University of Southern Denmark (SDU); Odense Denmark
- Sport and Health Sciences; College of Life and Environmental Sciences; University of Exeter; Exeter UK
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Schmidt MLK, Østergren P, Cormie P, Ragle AM, Sønksen J, Midtgaard J. “Kicked out into the real world”: prostate cancer patients’ experiences with transitioning from hospital-based supervised exercise to unsupervised exercise in the community. Support Care Cancer 2018; 27:199-208. [DOI: 10.1007/s00520-018-4306-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Finlay A, Wittert G, Short CE. A systematic review of physical activity-based behaviour change interventions reaching men with prostate cancer. J Cancer Surviv 2018; 12:571-591. [PMID: 29770953 DOI: 10.1007/s11764-018-0694-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2017] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Men who are survivors of prostate cancer report a variety of psychological and physical factors contributing to a lower quality of life, and physical activity can assist to mitigate these issues. This review aims to provide a summary of physical activity behaviour change trials targeting prostate cancer survivors, assess the feasibility of these interventions and, if possible, identify intervention and study characteristics associated with significant intervention effects. METHOD Four databases (PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO and EMBASE) were systematically searched for randomised controlled trials containing at least one behavioural outcome relating to physical activity published up until July 2016. Forward and backwards, hand, key author citation searching and known research were also considered. RESULTS From a total of 13, 828 titles, the search resulted in 12 studies (6 prostate cancer only and 6 mixed cancer interventions), eight of which found positive results most often related immediately to post-intervention aerobic activity. Factors relating to efficacy were not conclusive due to the heterogeneity of studies and lack of cancer-specific data in mixed cancer trials. Future research focusing on intervention reach, maintenance of intervention effects and resistance training outcomes is needed. CONCLUSION There is preliminary evidence to suggest that a variety of physical activity behaviour change interventions targeting men with a history of prostate cancer can be efficacious, at least in the short term. Experimental studies are required to identify key intervention features. IMPLICATIONS FOR CANCER SURVIVORS Physical activity interventions can assist prostate cancer survivors in relation to short-term lifestyle change, though more evidence is required to improve the clarity of factors related to efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Finlay
- The Freemasons Foundation Centre for Men's Health, School of Medicine, Level 7, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Post Box 11060, Adelaide, 5001, SA, Australia.
| | - G Wittert
- The Freemasons Foundation Centre for Men's Health, School of Medicine, Level 7, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Post Box 11060, Adelaide, 5001, SA, Australia
| | - C E Short
- The Freemasons Foundation Centre for Men's Health, School of Medicine, Level 7, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Post Box 11060, Adelaide, 5001, SA, Australia
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Zaidi S, Hussain S, Verma S, Veqar Z, Khan A, Nazir SU, Singh N, Moiz JA, Tanwar P, Srivastava A, Rath GK, Mehrotra R. Efficacy of Complementary Therapies in the Quality of Life of Breast Cancer Survivors. Front Oncol 2018; 7:326. [PMID: 29376027 PMCID: PMC5768617 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2017.00326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most common cancer diagnosed in women and the second most common cancer overall, ranking as the fifth cause of death from cancer. The chronicity of the disease produces long-term physiological and psychological manifestations, which adversely affect the quality of life of the individual. The primary treatment while managing cancer presents with various debilitating side effects. With the recent advances in treatment techniques that have improved the survival rate, patients suffer from continuing posttreatment complications. Patients seem to cope well with the stress of treatment of BC and sustain a normal life; however, the deterioration in physical well-being makes the patient functionally inefficient. Exercise has been proven to be an effective, safe, and feasible tool in combating the adverse effects of treatment, prevents complications and decreases the risk of BC-specific mortality. This review briefly presents an overview of the burden of the disease and its management strategies. Owing to the heterogeneity of the population and the multitude of therapies they receive, the response of each patient to treatment is different and so is the magnitude of adverse effects. The review discusses the late sequelae following treatment and evidence supporting the role of physical activity in their management. In conclusion, there is a need for personalized physical activity plans to be developed to suit the individual and their circumstances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Zaidi
- Centre for Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia (Central University), New Delhi, India
| | - Showket Hussain
- National Institute of Cancer Prevention and Research, Indian Council of Medical Research (NICPR-ICMR), New Delhi, India
| | - Shalini Verma
- Centre for Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia (Central University), New Delhi, India
| | - Zubia Veqar
- Centre for Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia (Central University), New Delhi, India
| | - Asiya Khan
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India
| | - Sheeraz Un Nazir
- National Institute of Cancer Prevention and Research, Indian Council of Medical Research (NICPR-ICMR), New Delhi, India
| | - Neha Singh
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenberg University, Gothenberg, Sweden
| | - Jamal Ali Moiz
- Centre for Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia (Central University), New Delhi, India
| | - Pranay Tanwar
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India
| | | | - G. K. Rath
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India
| | - Ravi Mehrotra
- National Institute of Cancer Prevention and Research, Indian Council of Medical Research (NICPR-ICMR), New Delhi, India
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Effects of resistance exercise in prostate cancer patients: a meta-analysis. Support Care Cancer 2017; 25:2953-2968. [PMID: 28600706 PMCID: PMC5527087 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-017-3771-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of the present meta-analysis was to quantify effects of resistance exercise (RE) on physical performance and function, body composition, health-related quality of life (HRQoL), and fatigue in patients with prostate cancer. METHODS Trial data were obtained from the databases PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, SCOPUS, and the Cochrane Library as of inception to 31st of December 2016. Thirty-two trials with 1199 patients were included. Results that were measured by using the same assessment method in five or more of the original studies were pooled in a meta-analysis. RESULTS Pooled studies showed significant improvements of muscular strength in the upper and lower body (95% CI [2.52, 7.97] kg; p < 0.001 and 95% CI [10.51, 45.88] kg; p = 0.008, respectively) after RE. Furthermore, significant improvements were seen for body composition (body fat percentage 95% CI [-0.79, -0.53] %; p < 0.001; lean body mass 95% CI [0.15, 1.84] %; p = 0.028; trunk fat mass 95% CI [-0.73, -0.08] kg; p = 0.024). Additionally, the improvement of the 400-m walk time was significant (95% CI [-21.55, -14.65] s; p < 0.001). Concerning fatigue and HRQoL, there were not sufficient data for analysis. CONCLUSIONS RE seems to be a promising approach in order to counteract loss of muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical performance in patients suffering from prostate cancer and its treatment-related side effects. RE should play part in interdisciplinary cancer rehabilitation and care of this patient group. Nevertheless, further research should investigate RE further to determine which protocols are the most pragmatic, yet yielding best patient outcomes.
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Hilfiker R, Meichtry A, Eicher M, Nilsson Balfe L, Knols RH, Verra ML, Taeymans J. Exercise and other non-pharmaceutical interventions for cancer-related fatigue in patients during or after cancer treatment: a systematic review incorporating an indirect-comparisons meta-analysis. Br J Sports Med 2017; 52:651-658. [PMID: 28501804 PMCID: PMC5931245 DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2016-096422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 216] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Aim To assess the relative effects of different types of exercise and other non-pharmaceutical interventions on cancer-related fatigue (CRF) in patients during and after cancer treatment. Design Systematic review and indirect-comparisons meta-analysis. Data sources Articles were searched in PubMed, Cochrane CENTRAL and published meta-analyses. Eligibility criteria for selecting studies Randomised studies published up to January 2017 evaluating different types of exercise or other non-pharmaceutical interventions to reduce CRF in any cancer type during or after treatment. Study appraisal and synthesis Risk of bias assessment with PEDro criteria and random effects Bayesian network meta-analysis. Results We included 245 studies. Comparing the treatments with usual care during cancer treatment, relaxation exercise was the highest ranked intervention with a standardisedmean difference (SMD) of −0.77 (95% Credible Interval (CrI) −1.22 to −0.31), while massage (−0.78; −1.55 to −0.01), cognitive–behavioural therapy combined with physical activity (combined CBT, −0.72; −1.34 to −0.09), combined aerobic and resistance training (−0.67; −1.01 to −0.34), resistance training (−0.53; −1.02 to −0.03), aerobic (−0.53; −0.80 to −0.26) and yoga (−0.51; −1.01 to 0.00) all had moderate-to-large SMDs. After cancer treatment, yoga showed the highest effect (−0.68; −0.93 to −0.43). Combined aerobic and resistance training (−0.50; −0.66 to −0.34), combined CBT (−0.45; −0.70 to −0.21), Tai-Chi (−0.45; −0.84 to −0.06), CBT (−0.42; −0.58 to −0.25), resistance training (−0.35; −0.62 to −0.08) and aerobic (−0.33; −0.51 to −0.16) showed all small-to-moderate SMDs. Conclusions Patients can choose among different effective types of exercise and non-pharmaceutical interventions to reduce CRF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roger Hilfiker
- School of Health Sciences, HES-SO Valais-Wallis, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland Valais, Leukerbad, Switzerland
| | - Andre Meichtry
- Institute of Physiotherapy, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Winterthur, Switzerland
| | - Manuela Eicher
- School of Health Sciences, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland, Fribourg, Switzerland.,Institute of Higher Education and Research in Healthcare, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne and Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Lina Nilsson Balfe
- School of Health Sciences, HES-SO Valais-Wallis, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland Valais, Leukerbad, Switzerland
| | - Ruud H Knols
- Directory of Research and Education, Physiotherapy Occupational Therapy Research, Center University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Martin L Verra
- Department of Physiotherapy, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, Berne, Switzerland
| | - Jan Taeymans
- Bern University of Applied Sciences Health, Berne, Switzerland.,Faculty of Sports Sciences and Exercise Rehabilitation, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
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Farris MS, Kopciuk KA, Courneya KS, McGregor SE, Wang Q, Friedenreich CM. Identification and prediction of health-related quality of life trajectories after a prostate cancer diagnosis. Int J Cancer 2017; 140:1517-1527. [PMID: 28006843 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.30586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2016] [Revised: 12/10/2016] [Accepted: 12/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The aim of our study was to identify physical and mental health-related quality of life (HRQoL) trajectories after a prostate cancer diagnosis and systematically characterize trajectories by behaviours and prognostic factors. Prostate cancer survivors (n = 817) diagnosed between 1997 and 2000 were recruited between 2000 and 2002 into a prospective repeated measurements study. Behavioural/prognostic data were collected through in-person interviews and questionnaires. HRQoL was collected at three post-diagnosis time-points, approximately 2 years apart using the Short Form (SF)-36 validated questionnaire. To identify physical and mental HRQoL trajectories, group-based trajectory modelling was undertaken. Differences between groups were evaluated by assessing influential dropouts (mortality/poor health), behavioural/prognostic factors at diagnosis or during the follow-up. Three trajectories of physical HRQoL were identified including: average-maintaining HRQoL (32.2%), low-declining HRQoL (40.5%) and very low-maintaining HRQoL (27.3%). In addition, three trajectories for mental HRQoL were identified: average-increasing HRQoL (66.5%), above average-declining HRQoL (19.7%) and low-increasing HRQoL (13.8%). In both physical and mental HRQoL, dropout from mortality/poor health differed between trajectories, thus confirming HRQoL and mortality were related. Furthermore, increased Charlson comorbidity index score was consistently associated with physical and mental HRQoL group membership relative to average maintaining groups, while behaviours such as time-varying physical activity was associated with physical HRQoL trajectories but not mental HRQoL trajectories. It was possible to define three trajectories of physical and mental HRQoL after prostate cancer. These data provide insights regarding means for identifying subgroups of prostate cancer survivors with lower or declining HRQoL after diagnosis whom could be targeted for interventions aimed at improving HRQoL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan S Farris
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research, CancerControl Alberta, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Karen A Kopciuk
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research, CancerControl Alberta, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Oncology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Kerry S Courneya
- Faculty of Physical Education and Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - S Elizabeth McGregor
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Population, Public & Indigenous Health, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Qinggang Wang
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research, CancerControl Alberta, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Christine M Friedenreich
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research, CancerControl Alberta, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Oncology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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Evaluation of resistance training to improve muscular strength and body composition in cancer patients undergoing neoadjuvant and adjuvant therapy: a meta-analysis. J Cancer Surviv 2017; 11:339-349. [DOI: 10.1007/s11764-016-0592-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Menichetti J, Villa S, Magnani T, Avuzzi B, Bosetti D, Marenghi C, Morlino S, Rancati T, Van Poppel H, Salvioni R, Valdagni R, Bellardita L. Lifestyle interventions to improve the quality of life of men with prostate cancer: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2016; 108:13-22. [PMID: 27931831 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2016.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2016] [Revised: 09/05/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Improving quality of life is a key issue for patients with prostate cancer (PCa). Lifestyle interventions could positively impact the quality of life of patients. However, there is no clear-cut understanding of the role of diet, exercise and risky behaviour reduction in improving the quality of life of men with PCa. The aim of this review was to systematically summarize randomized controlled trials on lifestyle in PCa patients with quality of life as main outcome. 17 trials were included. Most of them referred to exercise interventions (71%) and involved men undergoing androgen deprivation therapy (47%). Exercise studies yielded the greater amount of positive results on quality of life outcomes (67%), followed by dietary interventions (50%) and combined lifestyle interventions (33%). In particular, supervised exercise programs with resistance training sessions were the ones producing greater convincing evidence for benefits on quality of life. Further studies with high methodological quality providing adequate information to develop evidence-based, personalized lifestyle interventions that can effectively ameliorate PCa-related quality of life are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Menichetti
- Prostate Cancer Program, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy; Dept. of Psychology, Università Cattolica, Largo Gemelli 1, 20123 Milan, Italy.
| | - Silvia Villa
- Prostate Cancer Program, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Tiziana Magnani
- Prostate Cancer Program, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Barbara Avuzzi
- Dept. of Radiation Oncology 1, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto nazionale dei Tumori, Via Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Davide Bosetti
- Dept. of Radiation Oncology 1, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto nazionale dei Tumori, Via Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Cristina Marenghi
- Prostate Cancer Program, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Morlino
- Dept. of Radiation Oncology 1, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto nazionale dei Tumori, Via Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Tiziana Rancati
- Prostate Cancer Program, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Hein Van Poppel
- University Hospitals Leuven, Department of Urology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Roberto Salvioni
- Dept. of Radiation Oncology 1, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto nazionale dei Tumori, Via Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Riccardo Valdagni
- Prostate Cancer Program, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy; Dept. of Radiation Oncology 1, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto nazionale dei Tumori, Via Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy; Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, Università di Milano, Via Festa del Perdono 7, 20122, Milan, Italy
| | - Lara Bellardita
- Prostate Cancer Program, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy
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Associations of Postdiagnosis Physical Activity and Change from Prediagnosis Physical Activity with Quality of Life in Prostate Cancer Survivors. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2016; 26:179-187. [DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-16-0465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2016] [Revised: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Nested Cohort Study to Identify Characteristics That Predict Near-Term Disablement From Lung Cancer Brain Metastases. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2016; 98:303-311.e1. [PMID: 27666158 DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2016.08.473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2016] [Revised: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 08/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To test whether the presence of patient- and imaging-level characteristics (1) are associated with clinically meaningful changes in mobility among patients with late-stage cancer with metastatic brain involvement, and (2) can predict their risk of near-term functional decline. DESIGN Prospective nested cohort study. SETTING Quaternary academic medical center. PARTICIPANTS The study population consisted of a nested cohort of the patients with imaging-confirmed brain metastases (n=66) among a larger cohort of patients with late-stage lung cancer (N=311). INTERVENTIONS Not applicable. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Functional evaluations with the Activity Measure for Post-Acute Care Computer Adaptive Test (AM-PAC-CAT) and symptom intensity ratings were collected at monthly intervals for up to 2 years. RESULTS In exploratory univariate models, whole brain radiation therapy (WBRT) and imaging findings of cerebellar or brainstem involvement were associated with large AM-PAC-CAT score declines reflecting worsening mobility (-4.55, SE 1.12; -2.87, SE, 1.0; and -3.14, SE 1.47, respectively). Also in univariate models, participants with new neurologic signs or symptoms at imaging (-2.48; SE .99), new brain metastases (-2.14, SE .99), or new and expanding metastases (-2.64, SE 1.14) declined significantly. Multivariate exploratory mixed logistic models, including WBRT, cerebellar/brainstem location, presence of new and expanding metastases, and worst pain intensity, had excellent predictive capabilities for AM-PAC-CAT score declines of 7.5 and 10 points (C statistics ≥0.8). CONCLUSIONS Among patients with lung cancer and brain metastases, cerebellar/brainstem location, new and expanding metastases, and treatment with WBRT may predict severe, near-term mobility losses and indicate a need to consider rehabilitation services.
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Moyad MA, Newton RU, Tunn UW, Gruca D. Integrating diet and exercise into care of prostate cancer patients on androgen deprivation therapy. Res Rep Urol 2016; 8:133-43. [PMID: 27574584 PMCID: PMC4993404 DOI: 10.2147/rru.s107852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Improved diagnosis and treatment regimens have resulted in greater longevity for men with prostate cancer. This has led to an increase in both androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) use and duration of exposure, and therefore to its associated adverse effects, such as sexual dysfunction, osteoporosis, reduced muscle mass, increased fat mass, and increased incidence of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. Given that the adverse effects of ADT are systemic, often debilitating, and difficult to treat, efforts continue in the development of new strategies for long-term management of prostate cancer. The PubMed database was searched to select trials, reviews, and meta-analyses in English using such search terms as "prostate cancer" and "androgen deprivation therapy", "cardiovascular risk", "lean body mass", "exercise", and "diet". The initial searches produced 379 articles with dates 2005 or more recent. Articles published after 2004 were favored. This review utilizes the latest data to provide a status update on the effects of exercise and diet on patients with prostate cancer, focusing on ADT-associated side effects, and it discusses the evidence for such interventions. Since the evidence of large-scale trials in patients with prostate cancer is missing, and an extrapolation of supporting data to all patient subgroups cannot be provided, individualized risk assessments remain necessary before the initiation of exercise and diet programs. Exercise, diet, and nutritional supplementation interventions have the potential to provide effective, accessible, and relatively inexpensive strategies for mitigating ADT-associated toxicities without introducing additional adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark A Moyad
- Department of Urology, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Robert U Newton
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
| | - Ulf W Tunn
- Urological Clinic, Facharztzentrum Academic Hospital Sana Klinikum Offenbach, Offenbach/Main
| | - Damian Gruca
- Global Medical Affairs, AbbVie Deutschland, Ludwigshafen, Germany
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Cenik F, Schoberwalter D, Keilani M, Maehr B, Wolzt M, Marhold M, Crevenna R. Neuromuscular electrical stimulation of the thighs in cardiac patients with implantable cardioverter defibrillators. Wien Klin Wochenschr 2016; 128:802-808. [PMID: 27457876 PMCID: PMC5104798 DOI: 10.1007/s00508-016-1045-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Revised: 06/21/2016] [Accepted: 06/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Background The aim of this systematic review was to update scientific knowledge concerning the safety of neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) to increase exercise capacity and prevent cardiac cachexia in patients with implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs). Methods A systematic review including the electronic databases PubMed, MEDLINE, and SCOPUS was conducted for the time period from 1966 to March 31, 2016. Results Only four articles fulfilled the inclusion criteria (three original articles/safety studies and one case report). The three (safety) studies used NMES to increase muscle strength and/or endurance capacity of the thighs. NMES did not show electromagnetic interference (EMI) with ICD function. EMI was described in a case report of 2 patients with subpectoral ICDs and application of NMES on abdominal muscles. Conclusion This review indicates that NMES may be applied in cardiac ICD patients if 1) individual risks (e. g., pacing dependency, acute heart failure, unstable angina, ventricular arrhythmic episode in the last 3 months) are excluded by performing a safety check before starting NMES treatment and 2) “passive” exercise using NMES is performed only for thighs and gluteal muscles in 3) compliant ICD patients (especially for home-based NMES) and 4) the treatment is regularly supervised by a physician and the device is examined after the first use of NMES to exclude EMI. Nevertheless, further studies including larger sample sizes are necessary to exclude any risk when NMES is used in this patient group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fadime Cenik
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Dieter Schoberwalter
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Cardiology, Hanusch-Krankenhaus, Vienna, Austria
| | - Mohammad Keilani
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Bruno Maehr
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria.,Therapiezentrum Rosalienhof, Versicherungsanstalt öffentlich Bediensteter, Bad Tatzmannsdorf, Austria
| | - Michael Wolzt
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Maximilian Marhold
- Department of Internal Medicine I/Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Richard Crevenna
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
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Østergren P, Ragle AM, Jakobsen H, Klausen TW, Vinther A, Sønksen J. Group-based exercise in daily clinical practice to improve physical fitness in men with prostate cancer undergoing androgen deprivation therapy: study protocol. BMJ Open 2016; 6:e011460. [PMID: 27357198 PMCID: PMC4932293 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2016-011460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Level 1 evidence supports the use of supervised exercise to mitigate the adverse effects of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) in men with prostate cancer. The data, however, have been generated in controlled research settings and might not be transferable to daily clinical practice. This article describes the design of an ongoing prospective observational study to evaluate the potential benefits of exercise in daily clinical practice. METHODS AND ANALYSIS Men diagnosed with prostate cancer starting or already receiving ADT at our facility are invited to participate in a 12-week exercise programme implemented as the standard of care. Exclusion criteria are opioid-demanding treatment for skeletal pain, an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status above 2 or the inability to perform floor and machine exercises independently. The intervention consists of an initial educational session of 1½ hours followed by 12 weeks of group-based supervised training two times a week. The focus of the exercise is progressive resistance training in combination with aerobic training. Participants are measured at baseline, after 12 weeks and after 24 weeks as part of the programme. Primary endpoints of this study are changes in physical fitness evaluated by the 30 s Chair-Stand Test and Graded Cycling Test with Talk Test. Secondary endpoints include changes in quality of life, body composition and safety of exercise. Inclusion started in August 2014, with 169 participants being included by December 2015. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The study has been reviewed by the Scientific Ethical Committee of the Capital Region of Denmark (reference number H-3-2013-FSP39). The results of the study will be published in peer-reviewed international journals and will be presented at national and international conferences and symposiums. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT02631681; Pre-results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Østergren
- Department of Urology, Herlev and Gentofte University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anne-Mette Ragle
- Department of Rehabilitation, Herlev and Gentofte University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Henrik Jakobsen
- Department of Urology, Herlev and Gentofte University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | | | - Anders Vinther
- Department of Rehabilitation, Herlev and Gentofte University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Jens Sønksen
- Department of Urology, Herlev and Gentofte University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Gaskin CJ, Fraser SF, Owen PJ, Craike M, Orellana L, Livingston PM. Fitness outcomes from a randomised controlled trial of exercise training for men with prostate cancer: the ENGAGE study. J Cancer Surviv 2016; 10:972-980. [PMID: 27098346 PMCID: PMC5093191 DOI: 10.1007/s11764-016-0543-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2015] [Accepted: 04/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The main purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of a 12-week, clinician-referred, community-based exercise training program with supervised and unsupervised sessions for men with prostate cancer. The secondary purpose was to determine whether androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) modified responses to exercise training. METHODS Secondary analysis was undertaken on data from a multicentre cluster randomised controlled trial in which 15 clinicians were randomly assigned to refer eligible patients to an exercise training intervention (n = 8) or to provide usual care (n = 7). Data from 119 patients (intervention n = 53, control n = 66) were available for this analysis. Outcome measures included fitness and physical function, anthropometrics, resting heart rate, and blood pressure. RESULTS Compared to the control condition, men in the intervention significantly improved their 6-min walk distance (M diff = 49.98 m, p adj = 0.001), leg strength (M diff = 21.82 kg, p adj = 0.001), chest strength (M diff = 6.91 kg, p adj = 0.001), 30-s sit-to-stand result (M diff = 3.38 reps, p adj = 0.001), and reach distance (M diff = 4.8 cm, p adj = 0.024). A significant difference (unadjusted for multiplicity) in favour of men in the intervention was also found for resting heart rate (M diff = -3.76 beats/min, p = 0.034). ADT did not modify responses to exercise training. CONCLUSIONS Men with prostate cancer who act upon clinician referrals to community-based exercise training programs can improve their strength, physical functioning, and, potentially, cardiovascular health, irrespective of whether or not they are treated with ADT. IMPLICATIONS FOR CANCER SURVIVORS Clinicians should inform men with prostate cancer about the benefits of exercise and refer them to appropriately qualified exercise practitioners and suitable community-based programs. TRIAL REGISTRATION Australia and New Zealand Clinical Trials Register (ANZCTR): ACTRN12610000609055.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cadeyrn J Gaskin
- Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Locked Bag 20001, Geelong, Victoria, 3220, Australia
| | - Steve F Fraser
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition Research, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Patrick J Owen
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition Research, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Melinda Craike
- Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Locked Bag 20001, Geelong, Victoria, 3220, Australia.,Institute of Sport, Exercise and Active Living, College of Sport and Exercise Science, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Liliana Orellana
- Biostatistics Unit, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Patricia M Livingston
- Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Locked Bag 20001, Geelong, Victoria, 3220, Australia.
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Vashistha V, Singh B, Kaur S, Prokop LJ, Kaushik D. The Effects of Exercise on Fatigue, Quality of Life, and Psychological Function for Men with Prostate Cancer: Systematic Review and Meta-analyses. Eur Urol Focus 2016; 2:284-295. [PMID: 28723375 DOI: 10.1016/j.euf.2016.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2015] [Revised: 02/11/2016] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Conflicting data exists on the role of exercise interventions in patients with prostate cancer (PCa) regarding quality of life (QOL) endpoints. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effects of exercise interventions on fatigue, QOL, depression, and anxiety in PCa patients. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION We searched seven major databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Web of Science, and Scopus) for randomized control trials (RCTs) of supervised exercise interventions for men with PCa from database inception to October 2015. For meta-analyses, studies required standardized fatigue, QOL, or mood-related scales with standard-care control groups. The effect size was measured in terms of mean difference (MD) with 95% confidence interval (CI) for continuous outcomes using a random-effects model. Statistical heterogeneity between studies was assessed using the Cochrane Q test and I2 statistic. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS We selected 13 RCTs enrolling 1057 PCa patients (mean age 69.4±2.1 yr) undergoing exercise interventions, of which eight studies involving 675 patients qualified for meta-analyses. The study duration varied from 4 wk to 6 mo. A 12-16-wk exercise intervention significantly improved fatigue symptoms (MD 4.83, 95% CI 3.24-6.43; p<0.00001) as assessed according to the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy (FACT)-Fatigue scale. Fatigue remained improved at 6 mo (MD 3.60, 95% CI 2.80-5.12; p<0.00001). Furthermore, exercise interventions improved QOL measured using the FACT-General (MD 3.93, 95% CI 1.37-5.92; p = 0.003) and FACT-Prostate (MD 3.85, 95% CI 1.25-6.46; p=0.04) scales. The pooled data did not reveal a significant improvement in depression or anxiety. CONCLUSIONS Combined evidence from RCTs shows improvement in QOL and fatigue according to FACT scales. No significant differences in depression or anxiety were observed. PATIENT SUMMARY Exercise improves fatigue and quality-of-life outcomes in patients with prostate cancer. Further studies are necessary to identify patient-specific exercise regimens to optimize these benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishal Vashistha
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Balwinder Singh
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, ND, USA
| | - Sukhdeep Kaur
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | | | - Dharam Kaushik
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USA.
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Maehr B, Keilani M, Wiltschke C, Hassler M, Licht T, Marosi C, Huetterer E, Cenik F, Crevenna R. Cancer rehabilitation in Austria--aspects of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. Wien Med Wochenschr 2016; 166:39-43. [PMID: 26758980 DOI: 10.1007/s10354-015-0414-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2015] [Accepted: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In Austria, cancer rehabilitation is an important issue in the management of cancer patients. Survival rates and survival time of cancer patients are increasing, and cancer rehabilitation is an important part in the treatment and care of cancer patients with the goal to improve functional status, quality of life, and (social) participation. Today, in Austria there are approximately 600 beds for inpatient rehabilitation. The field of outpatient rehabilitation will maybe be expanded after evaluating the existing pilot projects. Beside other specialities, the field of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (PM&R) plays an important role in cancer rehabilitation. In cancer rehabilitation, especially activating modalities from PM&R such as exercise are very important and well-accepted parts to improve functional status, quality of life, and participation of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Maehr
- Rosalienhof, Bad Tatzmannsdorf, Burgenland, Austria.,Gesellschaft zur Erforschung onkologischer rehabilitativer Grundlagen (GEORG), Vienna, Austria
| | - Mohammad Keilani
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria.,Gesellschaft zur Erforschung onkologischer rehabilitativer Grundlagen (GEORG), Vienna, Austria
| | - Christoph Wiltschke
- Department of Internal Medicine I/Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Gesellschaft zur Erforschung onkologischer rehabilitativer Grundlagen (GEORG), Vienna, Austria
| | - Marco Hassler
- Sonnberghof, Bad Sauerbrunn, Burgenland, Austria.,Gesellschaft zur Erforschung onkologischer rehabilitativer Grundlagen (GEORG), Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Licht
- , St. Veit/Pongau, Salzburg, Austria.,Gesellschaft zur Erforschung onkologischer rehabilitativer Grundlagen (GEORG), Vienna, Austria
| | - Christine Marosi
- Department of Internal Medicine I/Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Gesellschaft zur Erforschung onkologischer rehabilitativer Grundlagen (GEORG), Vienna, Austria
| | - Elisabeth Huetterer
- Department of Internal Medicine I/Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Gesellschaft zur Erforschung onkologischer rehabilitativer Grundlagen (GEORG), Vienna, Austria
| | - Fadime Cenik
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria.,Gesellschaft zur Erforschung onkologischer rehabilitativer Grundlagen (GEORG), Vienna, Austria
| | - Richard Crevenna
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria. .,Gesellschaft zur Erforschung onkologischer rehabilitativer Grundlagen (GEORG), Vienna, Austria.
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50
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Resistance exercise and secondary lymphedema in breast cancer survivors—a systematic review. Support Care Cancer 2015; 24:1907-16. [DOI: 10.1007/s00520-015-3068-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2015] [Accepted: 12/21/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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