1
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Giménez-Orenga K, Martín-Martínez E, Nathanson L, Oltra E. HERV activation segregates ME/CFS from fibromyalgia while defining a novel nosologic entity. eLife 2025; 14:RP104441. [PMID: 40338225 PMCID: PMC12061480 DOI: 10.7554/elife.104441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2025] Open
Abstract
Research of myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) and fibromyalgia (FM), two acquired chronic illnesses affecting mainly females, has failed to ascertain their frequent co-appearance and etiology. Despite prior detection of human endogenous retrovirus (HERV) activation in these diseases, the potential biomarker value of HERV expression profiles for their diagnosis, and the relationship of HERV expression profiles with patient immune systems and symptoms had remained unexplored. By using HERV-V3 high-density microarrays (including over 350k HERV elements and more than 1500 immune-related genes) to interrogate the transcriptomes of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from female patients diagnosed with ME/CFS, FM, or both, and matched healthy controls (n = 43), this study fills this gap of knowledge. Hierarchical clustering of HERV expression profiles strikingly allowed perfect participant assignment into four distinct groups: ME/CFS, FM, co-diagnosed, or healthy, pointing at a potent biomarker value of HERV expression profiles to differentiate between these hard-to-diagnose chronic syndromes. Differentially expressed HERV-immune-gene modules revealed unique profiles for each of the four study groups and highlighting decreased γδ T cells, and increased plasma and resting CD4 memory T cells, correlating with patient symptom severity in ME/CFS. Moreover, activation of HERV sequences coincided with enrichment of binding sequences targeted by transcription factors which recruit SETDB1 and TRIM28, two known epigenetic silencers of HERV, in ME/CFS, offering a mechanistic explanation for the findings. Unexpectedly, HERV expression profiles appeared minimally affected in co-diagnosed patients denoting a new nosological entity with low epigenetic impact, a seemingly relevant aspect for the diagnosis and treatment of this prevalent group of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lubov Nathanson
- Institute for Neuro-Immune Medicine, Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern UniversityFort LauderdaleUnited States
| | - Elisa Oltra
- Department of Pathology, School of Health Sciences, Catholic University of ValenciaValenciaSpain
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2
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Lao J, Huang R, Wu R, Yuan Y. Changes of Peripheral T Cells in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients. Immun Inflamm Dis 2025; 13:e70156. [PMID: 39981706 PMCID: PMC11843224 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.70156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Revised: 01/08/2025] [Accepted: 01/30/2025] [Indexed: 02/22/2025] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Efficient indicators for evaluating the imbalance of lymphocyte function were crucial to clinical therapy in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients. This study aimed to find biomarkers to assess lymphocyte-mediated immune response in SLE patients. METHODS A total of 81 SLE patients (non-active: n = 35, active: n = 46) and 70 healthy donors were recruited in the study. Peripheral blood was obtained, and flow cytometry was used to detect circulating lymphocytes. RESULTS Data showed that the counts of CD3+T, CD4+T, CD8+ T, and NK cells were decreased in active SLE patients compared with non-active SLE patients and healthy donors. The counts of peripheral T cells were increased in responders but decreased in non-responders among active patients. In addition, an increase in B cell counts was found in active SLE patients compared with those in the other two groups. Active SLE patients showed higher percentages of memory T cells but lower naive T cells than those in non-active SLE patients and healthy controls. Activation molecules (CD38 and HLA-DR) and inhibitory molecule PD-1 expressions on T cells were significantly higher but percentages of CD28+CD8+T cells were lower in active SLE patients compared with those in the other two groups. CONCLUSION This study indicated that monitoring the alterations of circulating lymphocyte counts and surface molecules may be helpful to assess disease activity of SLE patients, even discriminate active and non-active patients, which was beneficial to choose the best treatment option in clinical therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juanfeng Lao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guangxi Academy of Medical SciencesThe People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous RegionNanningGuangxiChina
| | - Rongjun Huang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Guangxi Academy of Medical SciencesThe People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous RegionNanningGuangxiChina
| | - Rongcai Wu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guangxi Academy of Medical SciencesThe People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous RegionNanningGuangxiChina
| | - Yulin Yuan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guangxi Academy of Medical SciencesThe People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous RegionNanningGuangxiChina
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3
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De la Cruz A, Garcés M, Larios E, Madera-Salcedo IK, Crispín JC, Rosetti F. Immune complex deposition promotes NK cell accumulation in the kidney. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0312141. [PMID: 39570975 PMCID: PMC11581347 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0312141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 10/01/2024] [Indexed: 11/24/2024] Open
Abstract
In systemic lupus erythematosus, immune complexes deposited in the kidney vasculature represent a potent inflammatory trigger with a high potential to progress to glomerulonephritis and organ failure. These immune complexes can be recognized by multiple effector cells via complement and Fcγ receptors. The transcriptome of CD16-bearing NK cells has been documented in kidneys from patients with SLE. In this study, we show that NK cells accumulate in the kidney in response to immune complex deposition and modulate the behavior of local T cells. Depletion of NK cells transiently ameliorated disease, suggesting NK cells may play a role in lupus nephritis and other immune complex-mediated conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail De la Cruz
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
- Plan de Estudios Combinados en Medicina (PECEM), Facultad de Medicina, UNAM, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Marco Garcés
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
- Becario de la Dirección General de Calidad y Educación en Salud, Secretaría de Salud, México
| | - Emiliano Larios
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
- Becario de la Dirección General de Calidad y Educación en Salud, Secretaría de Salud, México
| | - Iris K. Madera-Salcedo
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - José C. Crispín
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
- Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Florencia Rosetti
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
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4
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Chen S, Zhu H, Jounaidi Y. Comprehensive snapshots of natural killer cells functions, signaling, molecular mechanisms and clinical utilization. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:302. [PMID: 39511139 PMCID: PMC11544004 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-02005-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2024] [Revised: 08/25/2024] [Accepted: 09/17/2024] [Indexed: 11/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells, initially identified for their rapid virus-infected and leukemia cell killing and tumor destruction, are pivotal in immunity. They exhibit multifaceted roles in cancer, viral infections, autoimmunity, pregnancy, wound healing, and more. Derived from a common lymphoid progenitor, they lack CD3, B-cell, or T-cell receptors but wield high cytotoxicity via perforin and granzymes. NK cells orchestrate immune responses, secreting inflammatory IFNγ or immunosuppressive TGFβ and IL-10. CD56dim and CD56bright NK cells execute cytotoxicity, while CD56bright cells also regulate immunity. However, beyond the CD56 dichotomy, detailed phenotypic diversity reveals many functional subsets that may not be optimal for cancer immunotherapy. In this review, we provide comprehensive and detailed snapshots of NK cells' functions and states of activation and inhibitions in cancer, autoimmunity, angiogenesis, wound healing, pregnancy and fertility, aging, and senescence mediated by complex signaling and ligand-receptor interactions, including the impact of the environment. As the use of engineered NK cells for cancer immunotherapy accelerates, often in the footsteps of T-cell-derived engineering, we examine the interactions of NK cells with other immune effectors and relevant signaling and the limitations in the tumor microenvironment, intending to understand how to enhance their cytolytic activities specifically for cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumei Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hangzhou Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Haitao Zhu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Youssef Jounaidi
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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5
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Khojah A, Pachman LM, Bukhari A, Trinh C, Morgan G, Pandey S, Le Poole IC, Klein-Gitelman MS. Decreased Peripheral Blood Natural Killer Cell Count in Untreated Juvenile Dermatomyositis Is Associated with Muscle Weakness. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7126. [PMID: 39000234 PMCID: PMC11241205 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Juvenile Dermatomyositis (JDM) is the most common inflammatory myopathy in pediatrics. This study evaluates the role of Natural Killer (NK) cells in Juvenile Dermatomyositis (JDM) pathophysiology. The study included 133 untreated JDM children with an NK cell count evaluation before treatment. NK cell subsets (CD56low/dim vs. CD 56bright) were examined in 9 untreated children. CD56 and perforin were evaluated in situ in six untreated JDM and three orthopedic, pediatric controls. 56% of treatment-naive JDM had reduced circulating NK cell counts, designated "low NK cell". This low NK group had more active muscle disease compared to the normal NK cell group. The percentage of circulating CD56low/dim NK cells was significantly lower in the NK low group than in controls (0.55% vs. 4.6% p < 0.001). Examination of the untreated JDM diagnostic muscle biopsy documented an increased infiltration of CD56 and perforin-positive cells (p = 0.023, p = 0.038, respectively). Treatment-naive JDM with reduced circulating NK cell counts exhibited more muscle weakness and higher levels of serum muscle enzymes. Muscle biopsies from treatment-naive JDM displayed increased NK cell infiltration, with increased CD56 and perforin-positive cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amer Khojah
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia;
- Division of Pediatric Rheumatology, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, 225 East Chicago Avenue, Box 50, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Lauren M. Pachman
- Division of Pediatric Rheumatology, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, 225 East Chicago Avenue, Box 50, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Ameera Bukhari
- College of Science, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Chi Trinh
- Division of Pediatric Rheumatology, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, 225 East Chicago Avenue, Box 50, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Wellesley College, 106 Central St, Wellesley, MA 02481, USA
| | - Gabrielle Morgan
- Division of Pediatric Rheumatology, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, 225 East Chicago Avenue, Box 50, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Surya Pandey
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Skin Biology and Diseases Resource-Based Center, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - I. Caroline Le Poole
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Skin Biology and Diseases Resource-Based Center, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Marisa S. Klein-Gitelman
- Division of Pediatric Rheumatology, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, 225 East Chicago Avenue, Box 50, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
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6
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Radziszewska A, Peckham H, de Gruijter NM, Restuadi R, Wu WH, Jury EC, Rosser EC, Ciurtin C. Active juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus is associated with distinct NK cell transcriptional and phenotypic alterations. Sci Rep 2024; 14:13074. [PMID: 38844784 PMCID: PMC11156641 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-62325-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
While adaptive immune responses have been studied extensively in SLE (systemic lupus erythematosus), there is limited and contradictory evidence regarding the contribution of natural killer (NK) cells to disease pathogenesis. There is even less evidence about the role of NK cells in the more severe phenotype with juvenile-onset (J)SLE. In this study, analysis of the phenotype and function of NK cells in a large cohort of JSLE patients demonstrated that total NK cells, as well as perforin and granzyme A expressing NK cell populations, were significantly diminished in JSLE patients compared to age- and sex-matched healthy controls. The reduction in NK cell frequency was associated with increased disease activity, and transcriptomic analysis of NK populations from active and low disease activity JSLE patients versus healthy controls confirmed that disease activity was the main driver of differential NK cell gene expression. Pathway analysis of differentially expressed genes revealed an upregulation of interferon-α responses and a downregulation of exocytosis in active disease compared to healthy controls. Further gene set enrichment analysis also demonstrated an overrepresentation of the apoptosis pathway in active disease. This points to increased propensity for apoptosis as a potential factor contributing to NK cell deficiency in JSLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Radziszewska
- Centre for Adolescent Rheumatology Versus Arthritis at UCL UCLH and GOSH, London, UK.
- Centre for Rheumatology Research, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK.
| | - Hannah Peckham
- Centre for Adolescent Rheumatology Versus Arthritis at UCL UCLH and GOSH, London, UK
- Centre for Rheumatology Research, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK
| | - Nina M de Gruijter
- Centre for Adolescent Rheumatology Versus Arthritis at UCL UCLH and GOSH, London, UK
- Centre for Rheumatology Research, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK
| | - Restuadi Restuadi
- Centre for Adolescent Rheumatology Versus Arthritis at UCL UCLH and GOSH, London, UK
| | - Wing Han Wu
- Centre for Adolescent Rheumatology Versus Arthritis at UCL UCLH and GOSH, London, UK
- NHS North Thames Genomic Laboratory Hub, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Elizabeth C Jury
- Centre for Rheumatology Research, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK
| | - Elizabeth C Rosser
- Centre for Adolescent Rheumatology Versus Arthritis at UCL UCLH and GOSH, London, UK.
- Centre for Rheumatology Research, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK.
| | - Coziana Ciurtin
- Centre for Adolescent Rheumatology Versus Arthritis at UCL UCLH and GOSH, London, UK.
- Centre for Rheumatology Research, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK.
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7
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Manion K, Muñoz-Grajales C, Kim M, Atenafu E, Faheem Z, Gladman DD, Urowitz M, Touma Z, Wither JE. Different Immunologic Profiles Are Associated With Distinct Clinical Phenotypes in Longitudinally Observed Patients With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Arthritis Rheumatol 2024; 76:726-738. [PMID: 38073017 DOI: 10.1002/art.42776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to determine the immunologic profile associated with disease flares in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and to investigate the clinical significance of any differences observed between patients during and following a flare. METHODS Multiparameter flow cytometry was used to examine 47 immune populations within the peripheral blood of 16 healthy controls, 25 patients with clinically quiescent SLE, and 46 patients with SLE experiencing a flare at baseline and at 6- and 12-month follow-up visits. Unsupervised clustering was used to identify patients with similar immune profiles and to track changes over time. Parametric or nonparametric statistics were used when appropriate to assess the association of cellular phenotypes with clinical and laboratory parameters. RESULTS Five clusters of patients were identified that variably contained patients with active and quiescent SLE, and that had distinct clinical phenotypes. Patients characterized by increased T peripheral helper, activated B, and age-associated B cells were the most likely to be flaring at baseline, as well as the most likely to remain active or flare over the subsequent year if they acquired or retained this phenotype at follow-up. In contrast, patients who had increased T helper (Th) cells in the absence of B cell changes, or who had increased Th1 cells and innate immune populations, mostly developed quiescent SLE on follow-up. A significant proportion of patients with SLE had depletion of many immune populations at flare and only showed increases in these populations post-flare. CONCLUSION Cellular phenotyping of patients with SLE reveals several distinct immunologic profiles that may help to stratify patients with regard to prognosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kieran Manion
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Carolina Muñoz-Grajales
- Schroeder Arthritis Institute, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michael Kim
- Schroeder Arthritis Institute, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Eshetu Atenafu
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Zoha Faheem
- Schroeder Arthritis Institute, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Dafna D Gladman
- Schroeder Arthritis Institute, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Murray Urowitz
- Schroeder Arthritis Institute, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Zahi Touma
- Schroeder Arthritis Institute, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Joan E Wither
- Schroeder Arthritis Institute, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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8
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Long Y, Lu KJ, Xia CS, Feng JH, Li WY, Ma YT, Sun YY, Fan CH, Li C. Altered CD226/TIGIT expressions were associated with NK phenotypes in primary antiphospholipid syndrome and affected by IL-4/JAK pathway. Clin Exp Immunol 2024; 216:132-145. [PMID: 38386917 PMCID: PMC11036109 DOI: 10.1093/cei/uxae016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells were reported to be involved in the pathogenesis of primary antiphospholipid syndrome (pAPS). Immunosuppressive receptor T-cell immunoreceptor with Ig and ITIM domains (TIGIT) and activating receptor cluster of differentiation 226 (CD226) are specifically expressed on NK cells with competitive functions. This study aims to investigate the expression diversities of CD226/TIGIT on NK subsets and their associations with NK subsets activation phenotypes and potential clinical significance, furthermore, to explore potential cause for CD226/TIGIT expression diversities in pAPS. We comparatively assessed the changes of CD56brightNK, CD56dimNK, and NK-like cells in 70 pAPS patients compared with control groups, including systemic lupus erythematosus, asymptomatic antiphospholipid antibodies carriers (asymp-aPLs carriers), and healthy controls and their expression diversities of CD226/TIGIT by flow cytometry. CD25, CD69, CD107α expression, and interferon gamma (IFN-γ) secretion levels of NK subsets were detected to determine the potential association of CD226/TIGIT expression with NK subsets phenotypes. CD226/TIGIT expression levels were compared among different subgroups divided by aPLs status. Moreover, in vitro cultures were conducted to explore the potential mechanisms of CD226/TIGIT expression imbalance. CD56brightNK and CD3+CD56+NK-like cells were significantly increased while CD56dimNK cells were obviously decreased in pAPS, and CD56brightNK and NK-like cells exhibited significantly higher CD226 but lower TIGIT expressions. CD226+CD56brightNK and TIGIT-CD56brightNK cells show higher CD69 expression and IFN-γ secretion capacity, and CD226+NK-like and TIGIT-NK-like cells showed higher expressions of CD25 and CD69 but lower apoptosis rate than CD226- and TIGIT+CD56brightNK/NK-like cells, respectively. The imbalanced CD226/TIGIT expressions were most significant in aPLs triple-positive group. Imbalanced expressions of CD226/TIGIT on CD56brightNK and NK-like cells were aggravated after interleukin-4 (IL-4) stimulation and recovered after tofacitinib blocking. Our data revealed significant imbalanced CD226/TIGIT expressions on NK subsets in pAPS, which closely associated with NK subsets phenotypes and more complicated autoantibody status. CD226/TIGIT imbalanced may be affected by IL-4/Janus Kinase (JAK) pathway activation.
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MESH Headings
- Humans
- Killer Cells, Natural/immunology
- Female
- Male
- Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte/metabolism
- Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte/immunology
- Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte/genetics
- Adult
- Receptors, Immunologic/metabolism
- Receptors, Immunologic/immunology
- Receptors, Immunologic/genetics
- Middle Aged
- T Lineage-Specific Activation Antigen 1
- Antiphospholipid Syndrome/immunology
- Signal Transduction/immunology
- Interleukin-4/metabolism
- Interleukin-4/immunology
- Phenotype
- Interferon-gamma/metabolism
- Lymphocyte Activation/immunology
- CD56 Antigen/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Long
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ke-Jia Lu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Chang-Sheng Xia
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jing-Hong Feng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wen-Yi Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yin-Ting Ma
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Sun
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chun-Hong Fan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chun Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
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9
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Liphaus BL, Silva SC, Palmeira P, Silva CA, Goldenstein-Schainberg C, Carneiro-Sampaio M. Reduced expressions of apoptosis-related proteins TRAIL, Bcl-2, and TNFR1 in NK cells of juvenile-onset systemic lupus erythematosus patients: relations with disease activity, nephritis, and neuropsychiatric involvement. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1327255. [PMID: 38562920 PMCID: PMC10982494 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1327255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Lupus pathogenesis is mainly ascribed to increased production and/or impaired clearance of dead cell debris. Although self-reactive T and B lymphocytes are critically linked to lupus development, neutrophils, monocytes, and natural killer (NK) cells have also been implicated. This study assessed apoptosis-related protein expressions in NK cells of patients with juvenile-onset systemic lupus erythematosus (jSLE) and relations to disease activity parameters, nephritis, and neuropsychiatric involvement. Methods Thirty-six patients with jSLE, 13 juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM) inflammatory controls, and nine healthy controls had Fas, FasL, TRAIL, TNFR1, Bcl-2, Bax, Bim, and caspase-3 expressions in NK cells (CD3-CD16+CD56+) simultaneously determined by flow cytometry. Disease activity parameters included Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index 2000 (SLEDAI-2K) score, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein level, anti-double strain DNA antibody level, complement fractions C3 and C4 levels. Results Patients with jSLE had a profile of significantly reduced expression of TRAIL, Bcl-2, and TNFR1 proteins in NK cells when compared to healthy controls. Similar profile was observed in patients with jSLE with active disease, positive anti-dsDNA, nephritis, and without neuropsychiatric involvement. Patients with jSLE with positive anti-dsDNA also had reduced expression of Bax in NK cells when compared healthy controls and to those with negative anti-dsDNA. Yet, patients with jSLE with negative anti-dsDNA had reduced mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) of Bim in NK cells compared to healthy controls. Patients with jSLE with nephritis also had reduced MFI of Fas in NK cells when compared to those without nephritis. In addition, in patients with jSLE, the proportion of FasL-expressing NK cells directly correlated with the SLEDAI-2K score (rs = 0.6, p = 0.002) and inversely correlated with the C3 levels (rs = -0.5, p = 0.007). Moreover, patients with jSLE had increased NK cell percentage and caspase-3 protein expression in NK cells when compared to JDM controls. Conclusion This study extends to NK cells an altered profile of TRAIL, Bcl-2, TNFR1, Fas, FasL, Bax, Bim, and caspase-3 proteins in patients with jSLE, particularly in those with active disease, positive anti-dsDNA, nephritis, and without neuropsychiatric involvement. This change in apoptosis-related protein expressions may contribute to the defective functions of NK cells and, consequently, to lupus development. The full clarification of the role of NK cells in jSLE pathogenesis may pave the way for new therapies like those of NK cell-based.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernadete L. Liphaus
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Pediatric Rheumatology Unit, Instituto da Criança, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Simone C. Silva
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Palmeira
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Clovis A. Silva
- Pediatric Rheumatology Unit, Instituto da Criança, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Disciplina de Reumatologia, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Magda Carneiro-Sampaio
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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10
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Laskarin G, Babarovic E, Kifer N, Bulimbasic S, Sestan M, Held M, Frkovic M, Gagro A, Coric M, Jelusic M. Involvement of M1-Activated Macrophages and Perforin/Granulysin Expressing Lymphocytes in IgA Vasculitis Nephritis. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2253. [PMID: 38396930 PMCID: PMC10889255 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25042253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
We investigated the polarisation of CD68+ macrophages and perforin and granulysin distributions in kidney lymphocyte subsets of children with IgA vasculitis nephritis (IgAVN). Pro-inflammatory macrophage (M)1 (CD68/iNOS) or regulatory M2 (CD68/arginase-1) polarisation; spatial arrangement of macrophages and lymphocytes; and perforin and granulysin distribution in CD3+ and CD56+ cells were visulaised using double-labelled immunofluorescence. In contrast to the tubules, iNOS+ cells were more abundant than the arginase-1+ cells in the glomeruli. CD68+ macrophage numbers fluctuated in the glomeruli and were mostly labelled with iNOS. CD68+/arginase-1+ cells are abundant in the tubules. CD56+ cells, enclosed by CD68+ cells, were more abundant in the glomeruli than in the tubuli, and co-expressed NKp44. The glomerular and interstitial/intratubular CD56+ cells express perforin and granulysin, respectively. The CD3+ cells did not express perforin, while a minority expressed granulysin. Innate immunity, represented by M1 macrophages and CD56+ cells rich in perforin and granulysin, plays a pivotal role in the acute phase of IgAVN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gordana Laskarin
- Department of Physiology, Immunology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
- Hospital for Medical Rehabilitation of Hearth and Lung Diseases and Rheumatism “Thalassotherapia-Opatija”, 51410 Opatija, Croatia
| | - Emina Babarovic
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia;
| | - Nastasia Kifer
- Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Paediatrics, School of Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (N.K.); (M.S.); (M.H.); (M.F.); (M.J.)
| | - Stela Bulimbasic
- Department of Pathology and Cytology, School of Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (S.B.); (M.C.)
| | - Mario Sestan
- Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Paediatrics, School of Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (N.K.); (M.S.); (M.H.); (M.F.); (M.J.)
| | - Martina Held
- Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Paediatrics, School of Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (N.K.); (M.S.); (M.H.); (M.F.); (M.J.)
| | - Marijan Frkovic
- Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Paediatrics, School of Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (N.K.); (M.S.); (M.H.); (M.F.); (M.J.)
| | - Alenka Gagro
- Children’s Hospital Zagreb, Faculty of Medicine, University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia;
| | - Marijana Coric
- Department of Pathology and Cytology, School of Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (S.B.); (M.C.)
| | - Marija Jelusic
- Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Paediatrics, School of Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (N.K.); (M.S.); (M.H.); (M.F.); (M.J.)
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11
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Pan S, Liu C, Yao H, Pan X, Li J, Yang J, Du M, Liu P, Zhang S, Zhang X. Single-cell metabolite profiling enables information-rich classification of lymphocyte types and subtypes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:392-395. [PMID: 38053454 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc05011d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Lymphocytes play crucial roles in the human immune system; however, detailed metabolite characteristics need to be further investigated. Herein, we propose a lymphocyte classification method based on metabolite profiling at the single-cell level. The percentages of different lymphocyte types were calculated with a low margin of error, confirming that the metabolites could serve as a basis for lymphocyte classification. Furthermore, we analyzed the CD4/CD8 ratio in human peripheral blood to verify the feasibility of this method for the classification of lymphocyte subtypes. The proposed method is expected to be a potential tool for the clinical diagnosis of lymphocyte-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyuan Pan
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China.
| | - Changyi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Complex, Severe, and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing 100730, P. R. China.
| | - Huan Yao
- Division of Chemical Metrology and Analytical Science, National Institute of Metrology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Xingyu Pan
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China.
| | - Jinhang Li
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Jinlei Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China.
| | - Murong Du
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China.
| | - Peng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Complex, Severe, and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing 100730, P. R. China.
| | - Sichun Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China.
| | - Xinrong Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China.
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Su Q, Luo J, Wang X, Di J, Cao Y, Zhang S. Efficacy, safety and the lymphocyte subsets changes of low-dose IL-2 in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Immun Inflamm Dis 2024; 12:e1165. [PMID: 38270322 PMCID: PMC10808945 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.1165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Existing therapies of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) are efficacious only in certain patients. Developing new treatment methods is urgent. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of low-dose IL-2 (LD-IL-2). METHODS According to published data from PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, ClinicalTrials.gov, MEDLINE, MEDLINE, Web of Knowledge, Cochrane Library, and FDA.gov, eight trials were included. RESULTS After the LD-IL-2 treatment, 54.8% of patients had distinct clinical remission. The SRI-4 response rates were 0.819 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.745-0.894), and the SELENA-SLEDAI scores were significantly decreased (SMD = -2.109, 95% CI: [-3.271, -0.947], p < .001). Besides, the proportions of CD4+ T (SMD = 0.614, 95% CI: [0.250, 0.979], p = .001) and Treg cells (SMD = 1.096, 95% CI: [0.544, 1.649], p < .001) were increased dramatically after LD-IL-2 treatment, while there were no statistical differences in the proportions of CD8+ T cells, Th1 cells, Th2 cells, and Th17 cells (p > .05). Besides, the proportions of Th17 (SMD = 1.121, 95% CI: [0.709, 1.533], p < .001) and Treg (SMD = 0.655, 95% CI: [0.273, 1.038], p = .001) were significantly increased after receiving subcutaneously 0.5 million IU of LD-IL-2 treatment per day for 5 days, but there were no statistical differences in the proportions of Treg after receiving 1 million IU every other day subcutaneously of LD-IL-2 treatment. Injection site reaction and fever were common side effects of IL-2, which occurred in 33.1% and 14.4% of patients. No serious adverse events were reported. CONCLUSION LD-IL-2 was promising and well-tolerated in treating SLE, which could promote Treg's proliferation and functional recovery. Injecting 0.5 million IU of IL-2 daily can better induce the differentiation of Treg cells and maintain immune homeostasis than injecting 1 million IU every other day.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin‐Yi Su
- Department of RheumatologyThe Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuanShanxiChina
- Shanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Rheumatism Immune MicroecologyTaiyuanShanxiChina
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology at Shanxi Medical UniversityMinistry of EducationTaiyuanChina
| | - Jing Luo
- Department of RheumatologyThe Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuanShanxiChina
- Shanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Rheumatism Immune MicroecologyTaiyuanShanxiChina
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology at Shanxi Medical UniversityMinistry of EducationTaiyuanChina
| | - Xin‐Miao Wang
- Shanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Rheumatism Immune MicroecologyTaiyuanShanxiChina
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology at Shanxi Medical UniversityMinistry of EducationTaiyuanChina
| | - Jing‐Kai Di
- Shanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Rheumatism Immune MicroecologyTaiyuanShanxiChina
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology at Shanxi Medical UniversityMinistry of EducationTaiyuanChina
| | - Yi‐Xin Cao
- Shanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Rheumatism Immune MicroecologyTaiyuanShanxiChina
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology at Shanxi Medical UniversityMinistry of EducationTaiyuanChina
| | - Sheng‐Xiao Zhang
- Department of RheumatologyThe Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuanShanxiChina
- Shanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Rheumatism Immune MicroecologyTaiyuanShanxiChina
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology at Shanxi Medical UniversityMinistry of EducationTaiyuanChina
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Velayutham B, Padhi S, Devi S, Patra S, Panigrahi C, Ramasubbu MK, Kumar R, Raheman S. Immunohistochemical expression of perforin in adult systemic lupus erythematosus associated macrophage activation syndrome: Clinicohematological correlation and literature review. Lupus 2024; 33:26-39. [PMID: 38069452 DOI: 10.1177/09612033231221414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the bone marrow (BM) immunohistomorphological characteristics in adult systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) associated macrophage activation syndrome (SLE-MAS). MATERIALS AND METHODS Immunohistochemical (IHC) expression of CD3, CD8, perforin (PFN), and CD163 was studied on BM trephine biopsies from 30 cytopenic adult SLE cases (male: female = 1:5, age; 24 years, range; 19-32) and compared them with ten age matched controls. Clinicopathological parameters were compared among the cases likely (L) or unlikely (U) to have MAS using probability scoring criteria. The best cut off laboratory parameters to discriminate between the two were obtained through receiver operator curve (ROC) analysis. RESULTS MAS occurred in 12/30 (40%) cases and was more commonly associated with prior immunosuppressive therapy (p = .07), ≥ 3 system involvement (p = .09), lower fibrinogen (p < .01), increased triglyceride (p = .002), increased BM hemophagocytosis (p = .002), and higher MAS score [185 (176-203) vs. 105 (77-119), p < .01] than MAS-U subgroup. Although PFN+CD8+ T lymphocytes significantly decreased among cases than controls (p < .05), it was comparable between MAS-L and MAS-U subgroups. Fibrinogen (< 2.4 g/L, AUC; 0.93, p < .01), hemophagocytosis score (> 1.5, AUC; 0.71, p = .03), and an MAS probability score of ≥ 164 (AUC; 1, p < .01) discriminated MAS from those without MAS. CONCLUSION We noted a decrease in perforin mediated CD8 + T cell cytotoxicity in SLE. Immunohistochemical demonstration of the same along with histiocytic hemophagocytosis on BM biopsy may be useful adjunct in early diagnosis and management of MAS in SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bakialakshmi Velayutham
- Department of Pathology with Laboratory Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Somanath Padhi
- Department of Pathology with Laboratory Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Sujata Devi
- Department of General Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Susama Patra
- Department of Pathology with Laboratory Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Chinmayee Panigrahi
- Department of Pathology with Laboratory Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Mathan Kumar Ramasubbu
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- Department of General Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
- Department of General Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Deoghar, Jharkhand, India
| | - Samiur Raheman
- Department of Pathology with Laboratory Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
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Thangjam N, Dey B, Khonglah Y, Tiewsoh I, Ksoo R. Natural Killer Cell Count in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients: A Flow Cytometry-Based Study. Cureus 2023; 15:e46885. [PMID: 37954751 PMCID: PMC10638612 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.46885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Natural killer cells (NK cells) are important mediators of innate immune regulation and literature has shown that they have a role in shaping the adaptive immune system. Objective The present study was undertaken to analyze the NK cell count in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients as compared to that of controls. Materials and methods Safety of Estrogens in Lupus Erythematosus National Assessment SLE Disease Activity Index (SELENA-SLEDAI) score was assessed in 32 SLE cases. CD3(-) cells were identified as NK cells on flow cytometry, and then their subsets CD56(+) and CD16(+) cells were identified compared to 30 healthy controls. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed on NK cells to attempt to determine a cut-off point. Results The CD3(-) NK cells, including the percentages of CD56(+) and CD16(+), were significantly (p<0.001) reduced in SLE patients (12.35%, and 18.7%) as compared to controls (24.67%, and 46.6%). On ROC curve analysis, cut-off values <481/cumm with sensitivity of 86.7% and specificity of 84.4% for CD3(-) NK cells (p<0.001), <23% with 60% sensitivity and 75% specificity for CD56(+) NK cells (p<0.001), and <29% with sensitivity of 70% and specificity of 87.5% for CD16(+) NK cells (p<0.001) were noted. Subsets of NK cells showed no association with the clinicopathological parameters like age, sex, disease activity, anti-nuclear antibodies (ANA), dsDNA, absolute lymphocyte count, and renal involvement. Conclusion NK cells, and their subpopulations of CD56(+) and CD16(+) cells, are decreased in patients with SLE as compared to controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nirvana Thangjam
- Pathology, North Eastern Indira Gandhi Regional Institute of Health and Medical Sciences (NEIGRIHMS), Shillong, IND
| | - Biswajit Dey
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, North Eastern Indira Gandhi Regional Institute of Health and Medical Sciences (NEIGRIHMS), Shillong, IND
| | - Yookarin Khonglah
- Pathology, North Eastern Indira Gandhi Regional Institute of Health and Medical Sciences (NEIGRIHMS), Shillong, IND
| | - Iadarilang Tiewsoh
- Internal Medicine, North Eastern Indira Gandhi Regional Institute of Health and Medical Sciences (NEIGRIHMS), Shillong, IND
| | - Rosina Ksoo
- Pediatrics, North Eastern Indira Gandhi Regional Institute of Health and Medical Sciences (NEIGRIHMS), Shillong, IND
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Xiong G, Bekiranov S, Zhang A. ProtoCell4P: an explainable prototype-based neural network for patient classification using single-cell RNA-seq. Bioinformatics 2023; 39:btad493. [PMID: 37540223 PMCID: PMC10444962 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btad493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
MOTIVATION The rapid advance in single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) technology over the past decade has provided a rich resource of gene expression profiles of single cells measured on patients, facilitating the study of many biological questions at the single-cell level. One intriguing research is to study the single cells which play critical roles in the phenotypes of patients, which has the potential to identify those cells and genes driving the disease phenotypes. To this end, deep learning models are expected to well encode the single-cell information and achieve precise prediction of patients' phenotypes using scRNA-seq data. However, we are facing critical challenges in designing deep learning models for classifying patient samples due to (i) the samples collected in the same dataset contain a variable number of cells-some samples might only have hundreds of cells sequenced while others could have thousands of cells, and (ii) the number of samples available is typically small and the expression profile of each cell is noisy and extremely high-dimensional. Moreover, the black-box nature of existing deep learning models makes it difficult for the researchers to interpret the models and extract useful knowledge from them. RESULTS We propose a prototype-based and cell-informed model for patient phenotype classification, termed ProtoCell4P, that can alleviate problems of the sample scarcity and the diverse number of cells by leveraging the cell knowledge with representatives of cells (called prototypes), and precisely classify the patients by adaptively incorporating information from different cells. Moreover, this classification process can be explicitly interpreted by identifying the key cells for decision making and by further summarizing the knowledge of cell types to unravel the biological nature of the classification. Our approach is explainable at the single-cell resolution which can identify the key cells in each patient's classification. The experimental results demonstrate that our proposed method can effectively deal with patient classifications using single-cell data and outperforms the existing approaches. Furthermore, our approach is able to uncover the association between cell types and biological classes of interest from a data-driven perspective. AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION https://github.com/Teddy-XiongGZ/ProtoCell4P.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangzhi Xiong
- Department of Computer Science, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Stefan Bekiranov
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Aidong Zhang
- Department of Computer Science, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
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Monaghan KA, Hoi A, Gamell C, Tai TY, Linggi B, Jordan J, Cesaroni M, Sato T, Ng M, Oon S, Benson J, Wicks I, Morand E, Wilson N. CSL362 potently and specifically depletes pDCs invitro and ablates SLE-immune complex-induced IFN responses. iScience 2023; 26:107173. [PMID: 37456846 PMCID: PMC10338305 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease with significant morbidity and mortality. Type I interferon (IFN) drives SLE pathology and plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) are potent producers of IFN; however, the specific effects of pDC depletion have not been demonstrated. We show CD123 was highly expressed on pDCs and the anti-CD123 antibody CSL362 potently depleted pDCs in vitro. CSL362 pre-treatment abrogated the induction of IFNα and IFN-induced gene transcription following stimulation with SLE patient-derived serum or immune complexes. RNA transcripts induced in pDCs by ex vivo stimulation with TLR ligands were reflected in gene expression profiles of SLE blood, and correlated with disease severity. TLR ligand-induced protein production by SLE patient peripheral mononuclear cells was abrogated by CSL362 pre-treatment including proteins over expressed in SLE patient serum. These findings implicate pDCs as key drivers in the cellular activation and production of soluble factors seen in SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alberta Hoi
- Centre for Inflammatory Disease, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3168, Australia
- Monash Health, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
| | - Cristina Gamell
- Research and Development, CSL Limited, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Tsin Yee Tai
- Research and Development, CSL Limited, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Bryan Linggi
- Janssen Research and Development LLC, Spring House, PA 19477, USA
| | - Jarrat Jordan
- Janssen Research and Development LLC, Spring House, PA 19477, USA
| | - Matteo Cesaroni
- Janssen Research and Development LLC, Spring House, PA 19477, USA
| | - Takahiro Sato
- Janssen Research and Development LLC, Spring House, PA 19477, USA
| | - Milica Ng
- Research and Development, CSL Limited, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Shereen Oon
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
- The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC 3050, Australia
- The University of Melbourne Parkville, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | | | - Ian Wicks
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
- The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC 3050, Australia
- The University of Melbourne Parkville, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Eric Morand
- Centre for Inflammatory Disease, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3168, Australia
- Monash Health, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
| | - Nicholas Wilson
- Research and Development, CSL Limited, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
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Niebel D, de Vos L, Fetter T, Brägelmann C, Wenzel J. Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus: An Update on Pathogenesis and Future Therapeutic Directions. Am J Clin Dermatol 2023; 24:521-540. [PMID: 37140884 PMCID: PMC10157137 DOI: 10.1007/s40257-023-00774-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Lupus erythematosus comprises a spectrum of autoimmune diseases that may affect various organs (systemic lupus erythematosus [SLE]) or the skin only (cutaneous lupus erythematosus [CLE]). Typical combinations of clinical, histological and serological findings define clinical subtypes of CLE, yet there is high interindividual variation. Skin lesions arise in the course of triggers such as ultraviolet (UV) light exposure, smoking or drugs; keratinocytes, cytotoxic T cells and plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) establish a self-perpetuating interplay between the innate and adaptive immune system that is pivotal for the pathogenesis of CLE. Therefore, treatment relies on avoidance of triggers and UV protection, topical therapies (glucocorticosteroids, calcineurin inhibitors) and rather unspecific immunosuppressive or immunomodulatory drugs. Yet, the advent of licensed targeted therapies for SLE might also open new perspectives in the management of CLE. The heterogeneity of CLE might be attributable to individual variables and we speculate that the prevailing inflammatory signature defined by either T cells, B cells, pDCs, a strong lesional type I interferon (IFN) response, or combinations of the above might be suitable to predict therapeutic response to targeted treatment. Therefore, pretherapeutic histological assessment of the inflammatory infiltrate could stratify patients with refractory CLE for T-cell-directed therapies (e.g. dapirolizumab pegol), B-cell-directed therapies (e.g. belimumab), pDC-directed therapies (e.g. litifilimab) or IFN-directed therapies (e.g. anifrolumab). Moreover, Janus kinase (JAK) and spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK) inhibitors might broaden the therapeutic armamentarium in the near future. A close interdisciplinary exchange with rheumatologists and nephrologists is mandatory for optimal treatment of lupus patients to define the best therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis Niebel
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Luka de Vos
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Tanja Fetter
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Jörg Wenzel
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany.
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Bellocchi C, Beretta L, Wang X, Lyons MA, Marchini M, Lorini M, Carbonelli V, Montano N, Assassi S. Longitudinal global transcriptomic profiling of preclinical systemic sclerosis reveals molecular changes associated with disease progression. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2023; 62:1662-1668. [PMID: 36040182 PMCID: PMC10072882 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keac492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate peripheral blood cell (PBCs) global gene expression profile of SSc at its preclinical stage (PreSSc) and to characterize the molecular changes associated with progression to a definite disease over time. MATERIAL AND METHODS Clinical data and PBCs of 33 participants with PreSSc and 16 healthy controls (HCs) were collected at baseline and follow-up (mean 4.2 years). Global gene expression profiling was conducted by RNA sequencing and a modular analysis was performed. RESULTS Comparison of baseline PreSSc to HCs revealed 2889 differentially expressed genes. Interferon signalling was the only activated pathway among top over-represented pathways. Moreover, 10 modules were significantly decreased in PreSSc samples (related to lymphoid lineage, cytotoxic/NK cell, and erythropoiesis) in comparison to HCs. At follow-up, 14 subjects (42.4%) presented signs of progression (evolving PreSSc) and 19 remained in stable preclinical stage (stable PreSSc). Progression was not associated with baseline clinical features or baseline PBC transcript modules. At follow-up stable PreSSc normalized their down-regulated cytotoxic/NK cell and protein synthesis modules while evolving PreSSc kept a down-regulation of cytotoxic/NK cell and protein synthesis modules. Transcript level changes of follow-up vs baseline in stable PreSSc vs evolving PreSSc showed 549 differentially expressed transcripts (336 up and 213 down) with upregulation of the EIF2 Signalling pathway. CONCLUSIONS Participants with PreSSc had a distinct gene expression profile indicating that molecular differences at a transcriptomic level are already present in the preclinical stages of SSc. Furthermore, a reduced NK signature in PBCs was related to SSc progression over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Bellocchi
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Scleroderma Unit, Referral Center for Systemic Autoimmune Diseases, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Beretta
- Scleroderma Unit, Referral Center for Systemic Autoimmune Diseases, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Xuan Wang
- Biostatistics, Baylor Institute for Immunology Research, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Marka A Lyons
- Rheumatology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Maurizio Marchini
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Maurizio Lorini
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Carbonelli
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Nicola Montano
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Shervin Assassi
- Rheumatology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
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The phenotype of CD3-CD56 bright and CD3-CD56 dim natural killer cells in systemic lupus erythematosus patients and its relation to disease activity. Reumatologia 2022; 60:258-265. [PMID: 36186836 PMCID: PMC9494790 DOI: 10.5114/reum.2022.119042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients have decreased natural killer (NK) cell counts. The decrease in the number of NK cells has implications for a decrease in the function of NK cells which can affect the progression of SLE disease. The study aim was to determine profiles of CD3-CD56bright and CD3-CD56dim NK cells in SLE patients and their relation to disease activity. Material and methods This study included 36 patients of SLE who fulfilled the ACR 1997/SLICC 2012 criteria, women aged 18-49 years. Disease activity was assessed by the Mex-SLEDAI. Peripheral blood samples from SLE patients were analyzed by flow cytometry to evaluate NK cell subsets, according to differential expression of the main subset of NK cells, which is CD3-CD56bright and CD3-CD56dim. Results The mean percentage of regulatory NK cell count (CD3-CD56bright) in active SLE patients was significantly lower (p = 0.000) than in inactive SLE patients. The mean percentage of cytotoxic NK cell count (CD3-CD56dim) in active SLE patients was significantly (p = 0.000) higher than in inactive SLE patients. A correlation was observed between two subsets of NK cells with disease activity (p = 0.00). The percentage of CD3-CD56bright NK cells was negatively correlated with disease activity (r = -0.766), whereas the percentage of CD3-CD56dim NK cells positively correlated with disease activity (r = 0.761). Conclusions There is a difference in the mean percentage of the number of NK cells (CD3-CD56+) in both a subset of regulatory NK cells (CD3-CD56bright) and cytotoxic NK cells (CD3-CD56dim) in active and inactive SLE patients and it is closely related to SLE disease activity.
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20
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Maz MP, Martens JWS, Hannoudi A, Reddy AL, Hile GA, Kahlenberg JM. Recent advances in cutaneous lupus. J Autoimmun 2022; 132:102865. [PMID: 35858957 PMCID: PMC10082587 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2022.102865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE) is an inflammatory and autoimmune skin condition that affects patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and exists as an isolated entity without associated SLE. Flares of CLE, often triggered by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light result in lost productivity and poor quality of life for patients and can be associated with trigger of systemic inflammation. In the past 10 years, the knowledge of CLE etiopathogenesis has grown, leading to promising targets for better therapies. Development of lesions likely begins in a pro-inflammatory epidermis, conditioned by excess type I interferon (IFN) production to undergo increased cell death and inflammatory cytokine production after UV light exposure. The reasons for this inflammatory predisposition are not well-understood, but may be an early event, as ANA + patients without criteria for autoimmune disease exhibit similar (although less robust) findings. Non-lesional skin of SLE patients also exhibits increased innate immune cell infiltration, conditioned by excess IFNs to release pro-inflammatory cytokines, and potentially increase activation of the adaptive immune system. Plasmacytoid dendritic cells are also found in non-lesional skin and may contribute to type I IFN production, although this finding is now being questioned by new data. Once the inflammatory cycle begins, lesional infiltration by numerous other cell populations ensues, including IFN-educated T cells. The heterogeneity amongst lesional CLE subtypes isn't fully understood, but B cells appear to discriminate discoid lupus erythematosus from other subtypes. Continued discovery will provide novel targets for additional therapeutic pursuits. This review will comprehensively discuss the contributions of tissue-specific and immune cell populations to the initiation and propagation of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitra P Maz
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA; Program in Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Jacob W S Martens
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA; Program in Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Andrew Hannoudi
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Alayka L Reddy
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Grace A Hile
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - J Michelle Kahlenberg
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA; Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
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21
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Hejazian SS, Hejazian SM, Farnood F, Abedi Azar S. Dysregulation of immunity in COVID-19 and SLE. Inflammopharmacology 2022; 30:1517-1531. [PMID: 36028612 PMCID: PMC9417079 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-022-01047-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The immune response plays a crucial role in preventing diseases, such as infections. There are two types of immune responses, specific and innate immunity, each of which consists of two components: cellular immunity and humoral immunity. Dysfunction in any immune system component increases the risk of developing certain diseases. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), an autoimmune disease in the human body, develops an immune response against its own components. In these patients, due to underlying immune system disorders and receipt of immunosuppressive drugs, the susceptibility to infections is higher than in the general population and is the single largest cause of mortality in this group. COVID-19 infection, which first appeared in late 2019, has caused several concerns in patients with SLE. However, there is no strong proof of additional risk of developing COVID-19 in patients with SLE, and in some cases, studies have shown less severity of the disease in these individuals. This review paper discusses the immune disorders in SLE and COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyyed Sina Hejazian
- Kidney Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Farahnoosh Farnood
- Kidney Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sima Abedi Azar
- Kidney Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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22
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Lee JM, Chen MH, Chou KY, Chao Y, Chen MH, Tsai CY. Novel immunoprofiling method for diagnosing SLE and evaluating therapeutic response. Lupus Sci Med 2022; 9:9/1/e000693. [PMID: 35738802 PMCID: PMC9226994 DOI: 10.1136/lupus-2022-000693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Objective Diagnosis of SLE is based on clinical manifestations but is heterogeneous in early onset. Hence, we aimed to evaluate the feature of the immunoprofiling in patients with SLE and apply it to develop an immune signature algorithm for supporting SLE diagnosis. Methods We enrolled 13 newly diagnosed patients with SLE and 9 healthy controls (HCs) followed by analysing their immunoprofilings within their peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) through flow cytometry. The immunoprofiling from the patients with SLE and HCs were ranked and formed an immune signature score. Besides, we enrolled four patients with SLE and monitored the changes in their immunoprofilings after immunosuppressant treatment. Results Among 93 immune cell subsets, 29 differed significantly between patients with SLE and HCs, and lower dendritic and natural killer cell percentages and a higher CD8+ T-cell percentage were identified in patients with SLE. In an investigation of immune-tolerant-related cell subsets, higher concentrations of CD8+ regulatory natural killer T cells, programmed cell death 1 (PD-1)+ T cells, and lower concentrations of programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1)+ PBMCs were observed in the SLE group. The immune signature score from patients with SLE was significantly different from that from the HCs. After treatment, the disease activity of the four patients were tended to stable and percentages of PD-L1+ monocytes, PD-1+ CD4 T and CD8 T cells in patients with SLE exhibited positively and negatively correlation with the SLEDAI-2K (Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index 2000) score, which might associate with the remission of SLE. Conclusions The comparison of immunprofiling between patients with SLE and HCs exhibited a distinct pattern. This difference and its application to immune signature algorithm shed light on the studies of SLE pathogenesis and immune-based diagnostic tool development in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan-Mou Lee
- Department of Advanced Research, FullHope Biomedical Co Ltd, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Huang Chen
- Faculty of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Yuan Chou
- Department of Advanced Research, FullHope Biomedical Co Ltd, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Yee Chao
- Department of Oncology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Han Chen
- Faculty of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei City, Taiwan .,Division of Allergy-Immunology-Rheumatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Youh Tsai
- Division of Allergy-Immunology-Rheumatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Faculty of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
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23
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Bolouri N, Akhtari M, Farhadi E, Mansouri R, Faezi ST, Jamshidi A, Mahmoudi M. Role of the innate and adaptive immune responses in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus. Inflamm Res 2022; 71:537-554. [PMID: 35298669 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-022-01554-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), the most common form of lupus, is a multisystemic rheumatic disease with different clinical features that generally affect women of childbearing age. The common symptoms of SLE are very similar to other autoimmune and non-autoimmune disorders, thereby it is known as a thousand faces disease. In this article, we are going to discuss some of the most updated information about immune system-related factors, cells, and cytokines involved in SLE pathogenesis. METHODS Different electronic databases, especially PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and Google Scholar, were searched to review and analyze relevant literature on the role of innate and adaptive immune cells and cytokines in the pathogenesis of SLE. A search for relevant literature was accomplished using various keywords including systemic lupus erythematosus, apoptosis, autoantibodies, immunopathogenesis of SLE, adaptive and innate immune cells, inflammatory cytokines, hormones, etc. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The most important characteristic of SLE is the production of antibodies against different nuclear autoantigens like double-strand DNA and RNA. The depositions of the immune complexes (ICs) that are generated between autoantibodies and autoantigens, along with aberrant clearance of them, can lead to permanent inflammation and contribute to tissue or organ damage. Related mechanisms underlying the initiation and development of SLE have not been clarified yet. Although, defects in immune tolerance, enhanced antigenic load, hyperactivity of T cells, and inappropriate regulation of B cells contribute to the pathogenic autoantibodies generation. Besides, sex hormones that influence the immune system seem to act as triggers or protectors of SLE development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasim Bolouri
- Immunology Department, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.,Rheumatology Research Center, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Akhtari
- Rheumatology Research Center, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Inflammation Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elham Farhadi
- Rheumatology Research Center, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. .,Inflammation Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Reza Mansouri
- Immunology Department, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Seyedeh Tahereh Faezi
- Rheumatology Research Center, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmadreza Jamshidi
- Rheumatology Research Center, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Mahmoudi
- Rheumatology Research Center, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Inflammation Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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24
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Perdaens O, van Pesch V. Molecular Mechanisms of Immunosenescene and Inflammaging: Relevance to the Immunopathogenesis and Treatment of Multiple Sclerosis. Front Neurol 2022; 12:811518. [PMID: 35281989 PMCID: PMC8913495 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.811518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is characterized, amongst other features, by a complex process of cellular senescence involving both innate and adaptive immunity, called immunosenescence and associated to inflammaging, a low-grade chronic inflammation. Both processes fuel each other and partially explain increasing incidence of cancers, infections, age-related autoimmunity, and vascular disease as well as a reduced response to vaccination. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a lifelong disease, for which considerable progress in disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) and management has improved long-term survival. However, disability progression, increasing with age and disease duration, remains. Neurologists are now involved in caring for elderly MS patients, with increasing comorbidities. Aging of the immune system therefore has relevant implications for MS pathogenesis, response to DMTs and the risks mediated by these treatments. We propose to review current evidence regarding markers and molecular mechanisms of immunosenescence and their relevance to understanding MS pathogenesis. We will focus on age-related changes in the innate and adaptive immune system in MS and other auto-immune diseases, such as systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis. The consequences of these immune changes on MS pathology, in interaction with the intrinsic aging process of central nervous system resident cells will be discussed. Finally, the impact of immunosenescence on disease evolution and on the safety and efficacy of current DMTs will be presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Océane Perdaens
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Vincent van Pesch
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Neurology, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Brussels, Belgium
- *Correspondence: Vincent van Pesch
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25
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Quah PS, Sutton V, Whitlock E, Figgett WA, Andrews DM, Fairfax KA, Mackay F. The effects of B-cell-activating factor on the population size, maturation and function of murine natural killer cells. Immunol Cell Biol 2022; 100:761-776. [PMID: 36106449 PMCID: PMC9828838 DOI: 10.1111/imcb.12585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The role of B-cell-activating factor (BAFF) in B-lymphocyte biology has been comprehensively studied, but its contributions to innate immunity remain unclear. Natural killer (NK) cells form the first line of defense against viruses and tumors, and have been shown to be defective in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The link between BAFF and NK cells in the development and progression of SLE remains unstudied. By assessing NK cell numbers in wild-type (WT), BAFF-/- (BAFF deficient), BAFF-R-/- (BAFF receptor deficient), TACI-/- (transmembrane activator and calcium modulator and cyclophilin ligand interactor deficient), BCMA-/- (B-cell maturation antigen deficient) and BAFF transgenic (Tg) mice, we observed that BAFF signaling through BAFF-R was essential for sustaining NK cell numbers in the spleen. However, according to the cell surface expression of CD27 and CD11b on NK cells, we found that BAFF was dispensable for NK cell maturation. Ex vivo and in vivo models showed that NK cells from BAFF-/- and BAFF Tg mice produced interferon-γ and killed tumor cells at a level similar to that in WT mice. Finally, we established that NK cells do not express receptors that interact with BAFF in the steady state or in the BAFF Tg mouse model of SLE. Our findings demonstrate that BAFF has an indirect effect on NK cell homeostasis and no effect on NK cell function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pin Shie Quah
- Department of Immunology and PathologyCentral Clinical School, Monash UniversityMelbourneVICAustralia,Department of Microbiology and ImmunologyThe University of Melbourne, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and ImmunityMelbourneVICAustralia
| | - Vivien Sutton
- Rosie Lew Cancer Immunology ProgramPeter MacCallum Cancer CentreMelbourneVICAustralia,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of OncologyThe University of MelbourneMelbourneVICAustralia
| | - Eden Whitlock
- Department of Microbiology and ImmunologyThe University of Melbourne, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and ImmunityMelbourneVICAustralia,QIMR Berghofer Medical Research InstituteHerstonQLDAustralia
| | - William A Figgett
- Department of Immunology and PathologyCentral Clinical School, Monash UniversityMelbourneVICAustralia,Department of Microbiology and ImmunologyThe University of Melbourne, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and ImmunityMelbourneVICAustralia,Garvan Institute of Medical ResearchDarlinghurstNSWAustralia
| | - Daniel M Andrews
- Department of Immunology and PathologyCentral Clinical School, Monash UniversityMelbourneVICAustralia,Bioproperties, RingwoodMelbourneVICAustralia
| | - Kirsten A Fairfax
- Blood Cells and Blood Cancer DivisionThe Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical ResearchParkvilleVICAustralia,Menzies Institute for Medical ResearchUniversity of TasmaniaHobartTASAustralia,School of Medicine, College of Health and MedicineUniversity of TasmaniaHobartTASAustralia
| | - Fabienne Mackay
- Department of Immunology and PathologyCentral Clinical School, Monash UniversityMelbourneVICAustralia,Department of Microbiology and ImmunologyThe University of Melbourne, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and ImmunityMelbourneVICAustralia,QIMR Berghofer Medical Research InstituteHerstonQLDAustralia,Faculty of MedicineThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLDAustralia
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26
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Huang LW, Wei JCC, Chen DY, Chen YJ, Tang KT, Ko TM, Chen HH. Bidirectional association between systemic lupus erythematosus and macrophage activation syndrome: a nationwide population-based study. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2021; 61:1123-1132. [PMID: 34146089 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keab502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine the bidirectional relationship between macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). METHODS Using the 1997-2013 Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database, we identified patients with newly diagnosed SLE from 2001 to 2013 from the whole beneficiaries and selected individuals without SLE from a one-million representative population. Propensity score (PS) matching was performed to balance incident SLE patients and individuals without SLE according to age, sex, comorbidities and medical utilization. The association between a history of MAS and SLE was studied using conditional logistic regression analysis shown as adjusted odds ratio (aOR). The risk of MAS associated with SLE was analyzed using Cox proportional regression analysis shown as hazard ratio (aHR), and we conducted a sensitivity analysis using various definitions of MAS. RESULTS We finally included 10,481 SLE patients and 20,962 PS-matched (1:2) non-SLE individuals. The correlation between a history of MAS and SLE did not reach statistical significance after adjustment for potential confounders (aOR, 1.18; 95% confidence interval, 0.80-1.75) in the age/sex-matched populations. In the 1:2 PS-matched populations, the risk of MAS markedly increased in patients with SLE (aHR, 7.18; 95% confidence interval, 4.97-10.36). Other risk factors for MAS included female, age ≥ 65 years, low income, a history of inflammatory bowel disease, and MAS history. CONCLUSION This nationwide, population-based study revealed that a history of MAS was not significantly associated with SLE risk. However, the risk of MAS was markedly associated with SLE and history of MAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu-Wei Huang
- Department of Medicine, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - James Cheng-Chung Wei
- Department of Allergy, Immunology & Rheumatology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Der-Yuan Chen
- Rheumatology and Immunology Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Translational Medicine Laboratory, Rheumatology and Immunology Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Ju Chen
- Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Tung Tang
- Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tai-Ming Ko
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (NYCU), Tainan, Taiwan.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Hua Chen
- Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Industrial Engineering and Enterprise Information, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Biomedical Science and Rong-Hsing Research Center for Translational Medicine, Chung-Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
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27
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Ding X, Cai M, Wang S, Yang Q, Zheng X, Zuo X, Liu S. Gene-based association analysis identified a novel gene associated with systemic lupus erythematosus. Ann Hum Genet 2021; 85:213-220. [PMID: 34145571 DOI: 10.1111/ahg.12439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex autoimmune disease with strong genetic predisposition. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of SLE have identified more than 50 robust susceptibility loci. However, traditional individual SNP-based GWAS have made it difficult to identify variants with small effects. Moreover, variants revealed by GWAS only explain a limited disease heritability, suggesting that many susceptibility genes remain uncovered. METHODS We first curated the published SLE GWAS data from 1047 SLE patients and 1205 healthy controls of Chinese ancestry and performed a gene-based association study. Then quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was conducted to verify novel genes identified above. RESULTS Gene-based association study identified 10 SLE-associated genes, nine of which were reported by previous GWAS, the other one, ILRUN, is a newly identified gene and was further validated by qRT-PCR. Gene expression analysis of Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets also showed that the expression of ILRUN in patients with SLE was lower than that in normal subjects. CONCLUSION In this study, gene-based association study and qRT-PCR identified that ILRUN is a novel susceptibility gene of SLE. ILRUN may regulate inflammation and antiviral response through its effect on the transcription of type I interferons )I-IFN, and participate in the pathogenesis of SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Ding
- Department of Dermatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Key Laboratory of Dermatology (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education, Hefei, China.,Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, China
| | - Minglong Cai
- Department of Dermatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Key Laboratory of Dermatology (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education, Hefei, China.,Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, China
| | - Sun Wang
- Department of Dermatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Key Laboratory of Dermatology (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education, Hefei, China.,Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, China
| | - Qingqing Yang
- Department of Dermatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Key Laboratory of Dermatology (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education, Hefei, China.,Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, China
| | - Xiaodong Zheng
- Department of Dermatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Key Laboratory of Dermatology (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education, Hefei, China.,Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, China
| | - Xianbo Zuo
- Department of Dermatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Key Laboratory of Dermatology (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education, Hefei, China.,Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, China
| | - Shengxiu Liu
- Department of Dermatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Key Laboratory of Dermatology (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education, Hefei, China.,Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, China
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28
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Luo Q, Kong Y, Fu B, Li X, Huang Q, Huang Z, Li J. Increased TIM-3 +PD-1 + NK cells are associated with the disease activity and severity of systemic lupus erythematosus. Clin Exp Med 2021; 22:47-56. [PMID: 34101055 PMCID: PMC8863699 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-021-00726-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
It is well established that natural killer (NK) cells are dysregulated in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients. However, the functions of NK cells and the mechanisms regulated by them in SLE remain incompletely understood. Patients with SLE were recruited from The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, and their clinical characteristics and treatments were recorded. The expression levels of T cell immunoglobulin mucin-3 (TIM-3) and programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) on NK cells were examined using flow cytometry. The correlations between the increase in TIM-3+PD-1+ NK cells in the SLE patients and clinical traits, including inflammatory markers, auto-antibodies, disease activity and severity of SLE, were examined. The TIM-3+NK cells, PD-1+NK cells and TIM-3+PD-1+ NK cells were significantly increased in the SLE patients. The increase in TIM-3+PD-1+ NK cells in the patients with SLE was associated with erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein, anti-double stranded DNA, anti-ribosomal P, SLE disease activity index and clinical features. The frequency of TIM-3+PD-1+NK cells in SLE patients with a cardiovascular disease (CVD) was significantly lower than that in SLE patients without a CVD. Moreover, the increased TIM-3+PD-1+ NK cells were significantly decreased in SLE patients following treatment. The present study suggested that the increased TIM-3+PD-1+ NK cells were associated with the disease activity and severity of SLE and may play a role in SLE pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Luo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunyuan Kong
- Outpatient Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Biqi Fu
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingshui Huang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Zikun Huang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China.
| | - Junming Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China.
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Cheng Q, Chen M, Chen X, Chen X, Jiang H, Wu H, Du Y. Novel Long Non-coding RNA Expression Profile of Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells Reveals Potential Biomarkers and Regulatory Mechanisms in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:639321. [PMID: 34150746 PMCID: PMC8208038 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.639321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The multisystem involvement and high heterogeneity of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) lead to great challenges in its diagnosis and treatment. The purpose of this study was to find new lncRNAs in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of SLE patients by transcriptome sequencing and explore their potential as biomarkers and their correlation with clinical features. Materials and Methods Transcriptome sequencing was used to screen differentially expressed lncRNAs (DELs) and mRNAs (DEMs). The expression of these selected lncRNAs and mRNAs in SLE patients and healthy controls was verified by qPCR. DAVID and WebGestalt were used to perform enrichment analysis. Cytoscape was used to construct a protein-protein network, a coexpression network, and a competitive endogenous RNA network to reveal the regulatory mechanisms of lncRNAs at the transcriptome level. Results A total of 1737 DELs and 4078 DEMs were identified between SLE patients and healthy controls. Ten lncRNAs and eight genes were verified by qPCR in a larger sample set. The lncRNA NONHSAT101022.2 was significantly downregulated in SLE patients and was also significantly related to the activity and severity of disease. The upregulated genes were enriched in defense and the immune response, while the downregulated genes were mainly enriched in SLE-related pathways. Topology network analysis revealed that the lncRNAs were involved in regulation at the transcriptome level, including acting directly on mRNA or indirectly affecting gene expression by acting on miRNA. Conclusion In this work, we identified many mRNAs and novel lncRNAs by transcriptome sequencing. The functions and regulatory mechanisms of these lncRNAs were analyzed by bioinformatic methods. The novel lncRNA NONHSAT101022.2 is significantly downregulated in SLE patients and is significantly related to the activity and severity of disease. Additionally, we propose that NONHSAT101022.2 may enhance the signal transduction of β2-AR by cis regulating LMBRD2, inducing NK cells to produce high levels of IFN-γ and thereby exacerbating SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Cheng
- Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Clinic Medicine, School of Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mo Chen
- Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Clinic Medicine, School of Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Clinic Medicine, School of Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaochan Chen
- Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huawei Jiang
- Department of Hematology, School of Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Cancer Institute, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Medical Sciences, Zhejiang, China
| | - Huaxiang Wu
- Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yan Du
- Department of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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30
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Liu M, Liang S, Zhang C. NK Cells in Autoimmune Diseases: Protective or Pathogenic? Front Immunol 2021; 12:624687. [PMID: 33777006 PMCID: PMC7994264 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.624687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune diseases generally result from the loss of self-tolerance (i.e., failure of the immune system to distinguish self from non-self), and are characterized by autoantibody production and hyperactivation of T cells, which leads to damage of specific or multiple organs. Thus, autoimmune diseases can be classified as organ-specific or systemic. Genetic and environmental factors contribute to the development of autoimmunity. Recent studies have demonstrated the contribution of innate immunity to the onset of autoimmune diseases. Natural killer (NK) cells, which are key components of the innate immune system, have been implicated in the development of multiple autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus, type I diabetes mellitus, and autoimmune liver disease. However, NK cells have both protective and pathogenic roles in autoimmunity depending on the NK cell subset, microenvironment, and disease type or stage. In this work, we review the current knowledge of the varied roles of NK cell subsets in systemic and organic-specific autoimmune diseases and their clinical potential as therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meifang Liu
- Key Lab for Immunology in Universities of Shandong Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Shujuan Liang
- Key Lab for Immunology in Universities of Shandong Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Cai Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Institute of Immunopharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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31
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Yang Y, Day J, Souza-Fonseca Guimaraes F, Wicks IP, Louis C. Natural killer cells in inflammatory autoimmune diseases. Clin Transl Immunology 2021; 10:e1250. [PMID: 33552511 PMCID: PMC7850912 DOI: 10.1002/cti2.1250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells are a specialised population of innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) that help control local immune responses. Through natural cytotoxicity, production of cytokines and chemokines, and migratory capacity, NK cells play a vital immunoregulatory role in the initiation and chronicity of inflammatory and autoimmune responses. Our understanding of their functional differences and contributions in disease settings is evolving owing to new genetic and functional murine proof-of-concept studies. Here, we summarise current understanding of NK cells in several classic autoimmune disorders, particularly in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), multiple sclerosis (MS), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), but also less understood diseases such as idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIMs). A better understanding of how NK cells contribute to these autoimmune disorders may pave the way for NK cell-targeted therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyan Yang
- Tsinghua University School of Medicine Beijing China.,Inflammation Division The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research Parkville VIC Australia
| | - Jessica Day
- Inflammation Division The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research Parkville VIC Australia.,Medical Biology University of Melbourne Melbourne VIC Australia.,Rheumatology Unit The Royal Melbourne Hospital Parkville VIC Australia
| | | | - Ian P Wicks
- Inflammation Division The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research Parkville VIC Australia.,Medical Biology University of Melbourne Melbourne VIC Australia.,Rheumatology Unit The Royal Melbourne Hospital Parkville VIC Australia
| | - Cynthia Louis
- Inflammation Division The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research Parkville VIC Australia.,Medical Biology University of Melbourne Melbourne VIC Australia
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32
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Tsai CY, Shen CY, Liu CW, Hsieh SC, Liao HT, Li KJ, Lu CS, Lee HT, Lin CS, Wu CH, Kuo YM, Yu CL. Aberrant Non-Coding RNA Expression in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Consequences for Immune Dysfunctions and Tissue Damage. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10121641. [PMID: 33291347 PMCID: PMC7762297 DOI: 10.3390/biom10121641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex systemic autoimmune disease with heterogeneous clinical manifestations. A diverse innate and adaptive immune dysregulation is involved in the immunopathogenesis of SLE. The dysregulation of immune-related cells may derive from the intricate interactions among genetic, epigenetic, environmental, and immunological factors. Of these contributing factors, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), including microRNAs (miRNAs, miRs), and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play critical roles in the post-transcriptional mRNA expression of cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors, which are essential for immune modulation. In the present review, we emphasize the roles of ncRNA expression in the immune-related cells and cell-free plasma, urine, and tissues contributing to the immunopathogenesis and tissue damage in SLE. In addition, the circular RNAs (circRNA) and their post-translational regulation of protein synthesis in SLE are also briefly described. We wish these critical reviews would be useful in the search for biomarkers/biosignatures and novel therapeutic strategies for SLE patients in the future.
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MESH Headings
- Adaptive Immunity/genetics
- Autoimmunity/genetics
- Chemokines/genetics
- Chemokines/immunology
- Dendritic Cells/immunology
- Dendritic Cells/pathology
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Humans
- Immunity, Innate/genetics
- Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/genetics
- Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/immunology
- Killer Cells, Natural/immunology
- Killer Cells, Natural/pathology
- Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/blood
- Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/genetics
- Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/immunology
- Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/pathology
- MicroRNAs/genetics
- MicroRNAs/immunology
- Neutrophils/immunology
- Neutrophils/pathology
- RNA, Circular/genetics
- RNA, Circular/immunology
- RNA, Long Noncoding/genetics
- RNA, Long Noncoding/immunology
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes/pathology
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Youh Tsai
- Division of Allergy, Immunology & Rheumatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11217, Taiwan; (C.-W.L.); (H.-T.L.)
- Correspondence: (C.-Y.T.); (C.-L.Y.)
| | - Chieh-Yu Shen
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology, & Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 10002, Taiwan; (C.-Y.S.); (S.-C.H.); (K.-J.L.); (C.-S.L.); (C.-H.W.); (Y.-M.K.)
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Taiwan University School of Medicine, Taipei 10002, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Wei Liu
- Division of Allergy, Immunology & Rheumatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11217, Taiwan; (C.-W.L.); (H.-T.L.)
| | - Song-Chou Hsieh
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology, & Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 10002, Taiwan; (C.-Y.S.); (S.-C.H.); (K.-J.L.); (C.-S.L.); (C.-H.W.); (Y.-M.K.)
| | - Hsien-Tzung Liao
- Division of Allergy, Immunology & Rheumatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11217, Taiwan; (C.-W.L.); (H.-T.L.)
| | - Ko-Jen Li
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology, & Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 10002, Taiwan; (C.-Y.S.); (S.-C.H.); (K.-J.L.); (C.-S.L.); (C.-H.W.); (Y.-M.K.)
| | - Cheng-Shiun Lu
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology, & Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 10002, Taiwan; (C.-Y.S.); (S.-C.H.); (K.-J.L.); (C.-S.L.); (C.-H.W.); (Y.-M.K.)
| | - Hui-Ting Lee
- Mackay Memorial Hospital and Mackay College of Medicine, Taipei 10449, Taiwan;
| | - Cheng-Sung Lin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ministry of Health and Welfare Taipei Hospital, New Taipei City 24213, Taiwan;
| | - Cheng-Han Wu
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology, & Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 10002, Taiwan; (C.-Y.S.); (S.-C.H.); (K.-J.L.); (C.-S.L.); (C.-H.W.); (Y.-M.K.)
| | - Yu-Min Kuo
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology, & Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 10002, Taiwan; (C.-Y.S.); (S.-C.H.); (K.-J.L.); (C.-S.L.); (C.-H.W.); (Y.-M.K.)
| | - Chia-Li Yu
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology, & Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 10002, Taiwan; (C.-Y.S.); (S.-C.H.); (K.-J.L.); (C.-S.L.); (C.-H.W.); (Y.-M.K.)
- Correspondence: (C.-Y.T.); (C.-L.Y.)
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33
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Reighard SD, Krishnamurthy D, Cevik H, Ochayon DE, Ali A, Seelamneni H, Brunner HI, Waggoner SN. Immunomodulatory effects of cytokine-induced expansion of cytotoxic lymphocytes in a mouse model of lupus-like disease. Cytotherapy 2020; 23:37-45. [PMID: 33092988 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2020.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Revised: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/06/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AIMS Certain therapies (e.g., daclizumab) that promote expansion of natural killer (NK) cells are associated with clinical amelioration of disease in the context of multiple sclerosis and associated mouse models. The clinical benefits are putatively attributable to an enhanced capacity of NK cells to kill activated pathogenic T cells. Whether a parallel approach will also be effective in systemic lupus erythematosus (lupus), a multi-organ autoimmune disease driven by aberrant responses of self-reactive T and B cells, is unclear. METHODS In the present study, the authors assess the therapeutic impact of IL-2- and IL-15-based strategies for expanding NK cells on measures of lupus-like disease in a mouse model. RESULTS Unexpectedly, cytokine-mediated expansion of cytotoxic lymphocytes aggravated immunological measures of lupus-like disease. Depletion studies revealed that the negative effects of these cytokine-based regimens can largely be attributed to expansion of CD8 T cells rather than NK cells. CONCLUSIONS These results provoke caution in the use of cytokine-based therapeutics to treat co-morbid cancers in patients with lupus and highlight the need for new methods to selectively expand NK cells to further assess their clinical value in autoimmune disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seth D Reighard
- Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA; Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA; Immunology Graduate Training Program, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Durga Krishnamurthy
- Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Hilal Cevik
- Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA; Molecular and Developmental Biology Graduate Program, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - David E Ochayon
- Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Ayad Ali
- Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA; Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA; Immunology Graduate Training Program, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Harsha Seelamneni
- Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Hermine I Brunner
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA; Division of Rheumatology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Stephen N Waggoner
- Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA; Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA; Immunology Graduate Training Program, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA; Molecular and Developmental Biology Graduate Program, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.
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34
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Gremese E, Ferraccioli ES, Alivernini S, Tolusso B, Ferraccioli G. Basic immunology may lead to translational therapeutic rationale: SARS-CoV-2 and rheumatic diseases. Eur J Clin Invest 2020; 50:e13342. [PMID: 32645207 PMCID: PMC7404583 DOI: 10.1111/eci.13342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 06/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
COVID-19 pandemia is a major concern for patients and healthcare systems. The fear of infection by patients with concomitant rheumatic diseases (either adult or children) and connective tissue diseases is arising worldwide, because of their immunological background and immunological therapies. Analysing the basic biology of single diseases, the data suggest that there is an "immunological umbrella" that seems to protect against the infection, through IFN type 1 and NK cell function. To date, reports from China, United States and Europe did not reveal an higher risk of infection, either for rheumatoid arthritis, juvenile idiopathic arthritis nor for lupus erythematosus. Antimalarials, anti-IL6-Anti-IL6 receptor, anti-IL1, anti-GM-CSF receptor and JAK1/2/3 inhibitors, are under investigation in COVID-dedicated clinical trials to control the inflammation raised by SARS-CoV-2 infection. Initial reports on the occurrence of autoimmune phenomena in the convalescence phase of SARS-CoV-2 infection suggests that the immunological consequences of the infection need to be strictly understood. Reporting of the study conforms to broad EQUATOR guidelines (Simera et al January 2010 issue of EJCI).
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Gremese
- Division of Rheumatology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.,Division of Rheumatology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Stefano Alivernini
- Division of Rheumatology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.,Division of Rheumatology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Barbara Tolusso
- Division of Rheumatology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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35
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Activation status of CD56 dim natural killer cells is associated with disease activity of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Clin Rheumatol 2020; 40:1103-1112. [PMID: 32797360 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-020-05306-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Decreased natural killer (NK) cells have been reported in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients. However, the role of NK cells in the pathogenesis of SLE is not well understood. In this study, we aimed to characterize NK cell subsets, phenotypes, and cytokine-secreting functions and investigate the clinical relevance of NK cells in SLE patients. METHODS Peripheral blood samples from 81 SLE patients and 59 healthy donors (HDs) were collected. The frequency and phenotype of NK cells were measured by flow cytometry. Intracellular interferon-γ (IFN-γ) production by NK cells was evaluated by flow cytometry after stimulation with interleukin-12 (IL-12) and IL-18. RESULTS The percentages of NK cells in the peripheral blood of SLE patients were significantly lower than those in HDs, and the percentages of CD56dim NK cells among total NK cells showed a trend toward decrease. The CD56dim NK cells in SLE patients showed increased production of IFN-γ and displayed relatively activated phenotypic characteristics, including significant increases in NKp44, NKp46, and CD69 and decreased expression of CD16 and CD158a/h/g. Furthermore, CD56dim NK cells in active SLE patients had higher percentages of NKp44+ cells and lower percentages of CD158a/h/g+ cells than those in inactive SLE patients. The percentages of CD158a/h/g+ cells among CD56dim NK cells were negatively correlated with the systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity index (SLEDAI) and positively correlated with C3 and C4 levels. CONCLUSION CD56dim NK cells in SLE patients show a reduced proportion tendency among total NK cells and are activated, which partially reflects the disease activity. CD158a/h/g expression on CD56dim NK cells may be considered an index of disease activity. Key Points • In patients with SLE, the proportion of CD56dim NK cells showed a decreased trend and CD56dim NK cells were phenotypically activated which partially reflects the disease activity. • CD158a/h/g expression on CD56dim NK cells were decreased which may be used as an indicator for evaluating disease activity in SLE patients.
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36
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Garelli CJ, Refat MA, Nanaware PP, Ramirez-Ortiz ZG, Rashighi M, Richmond JM. Current Insights in Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus Immunopathogenesis. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1353. [PMID: 32714331 PMCID: PMC7343764 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus (CLE) is a clinically diverse group of autoimmune skin diseases with shared histological features of interface dermatitis and autoantibodies deposited at the dermal-epidermal junction. Various genetic and environmental triggers of CLE promote infiltration of T cells, B cells, neutrophils, antigen presenting cells, and NK cells into lesional skin. In this mini-review, we will discuss the clinical features of CLE, insights into CLE immunopathogenesis, and novel treatment approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colton J. Garelli
- Department of Dermatology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
| | - Maggi Ahmed Refat
- Department of Dermatology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
| | - Padma P. Nanaware
- Department of Pathology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
| | - Zaida G. Ramirez-Ortiz
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
| | - Mehdi Rashighi
- Department of Dermatology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
| | - Jillian M. Richmond
- Department of Dermatology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
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37
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Park Y, Lim J, Kim SY, Kwon GC, Koo SH, Kim J. Changes of frequency and expression level of CD161 in CD8
+
T cells and natural killer T cells in peripheral blood of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Microbiol Immunol 2020; 64:532-539. [DOI: 10.1111/1348-0421.12798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yumi Park
- Department of Laboratory MedicineKonyang University College of Medicine Daejeon Republic of Korea
- Department of Laboratory MedicineKonyang University Hospital Daejeon Republic of Korea
| | - Jinsook Lim
- Department of Laboratory MedicineChungnam National University Hospital Daejeon Republic of Korea
| | - Seon Young Kim
- Department of Laboratory MedicineChungnam National University Hospital Daejeon Republic of Korea
| | - Gye Cheol Kwon
- Department of Laboratory MedicineChungnam National University Hospital Daejeon Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Hoe Koo
- Department of Laboratory MedicineChungnam National University Hospital Daejeon Republic of Korea
| | - Jimyung Kim
- Department of Laboratory MedicineChungnam National University Hospital Daejeon Republic of Korea
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38
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Klarquist J, Cantrell R, Lehn MA, Lampe K, Hennies CM, Hoebe K, Janssen EM. Type I IFN Drives Experimental Systemic Lupus Erythematosus by Distinct Mechanisms in CD4 T Cells and B Cells. Immunohorizons 2020; 4:140-152. [PMID: 32161059 PMCID: PMC7294741 DOI: 10.4049/immunohorizons.2000005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Myriad studies have linked type I IFN to the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases, including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Although increased levels of type I IFN are found in patients with SLE, and IFN blockade ameliorates disease in many mouse models of lupus, its precise roles in driving SLE pathogenesis remain largely unknown. In this study, we dissected the effect of type I IFN sensing by CD4 T cells and B cells on the development of T follicular helper cells (TFH), germinal center (GC) B cells, plasmablasts, and antinuclear dsDNA IgG levels using the bm12 chronic graft-versus-host disease model of SLE-like disease. Type I IFN sensing by B cells decreased their threshold for BCR signaling and increased their expression of MHC class II, CD40, and Bcl-6, requirements for optimal GC B cell functions. In line with these data, ablation of type I IFN sensing in B cells significantly reduced the accumulation of GC B cells, plasmablasts, and autoantibodies. Ablation of type I IFN sensing in T cells significantly inhibited TFH expansion and subsequent B cell responses. In contrast to the effect in B cells, type I IFN did not promote proliferation in the T cells but protected them from NK cell-mediated killing. Consequently, ablation of either perforin or NK cells completely restored TFH expansion of IFNAR-/- TFH and, subsequently, restored the B cell responses. Together, our data provide evidence for novel roles of type I IFN and immunoregulatory NK cells in the context of sterile inflammation and SLE-like disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jared Klarquist
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045;
| | - Rachel Cantrell
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229; and
| | - Maria A Lehn
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229; and
| | - Kristin Lampe
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229; and
| | - Cassandra M Hennies
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229; and
| | - Kasper Hoebe
- Janssen Research and Development, Johnson & Johnson, Spring House, PA 19477
| | - Edith M Janssen
- Janssen Research and Development, Johnson & Johnson, Spring House, PA 19477
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39
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Aguirre-Martinez I, Vélez-Tirado N, García-Romero MT, Rodríguez-Lozano AL, Corcuera-Delgado CT, Yamazaki-Nakashimada M, Rivas-Larrauri F. Rowell syndrome complicated with macrophage activation syndrome in a child. Lupus 2019; 28:1716-1721. [PMID: 31674268 DOI: 10.1177/0961203319886030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Rowell syndrome (RS) is a rare disease characterized by the association of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) or cutaneous lupus with lesions similar to erythema multiforme and the presence of autoantibodies including ANA, SSA, SSB, or rheumatoid factor. Due to the low incidence of this disease, the epidemiology of RS is not clear. So far there are 95 cases reported in the literature; of these, only seven cases are pediatric patients. Macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) is an increasingly recognized complication of SLE, although its true prevalence in childhood is still unknown. We describe a unique pediatric patient with RS who developed MAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Aguirre-Martinez
- Dermatology Department, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - N Vélez-Tirado
- Clinical Immunology Department, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - M T García-Romero
- Dermatology Department, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - A L Rodríguez-Lozano
- Clinical Immunology Department, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | | | - F Rivas-Larrauri
- Clinical Immunology Department, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Mexico City, Mexico
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40
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Lee H, Kim HS, Lee JM, Park KH, Choi AR, Yoon JH, Ryu H, Oh EJ. Natural Killer Cell Function Tests by Flowcytometry-Based Cytotoxicity and IFN-γ Production for the Diagnosis of Adult Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20215413. [PMID: 31671661 PMCID: PMC6862274 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20215413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Revised: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Although natural killer (NK) cell function is a hallmark of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH), there is no standard method or data on its diagnostic value in adults. Thus, we performed a single-center retrospective study of 119 adult patients with suspected HLH. NK cell function was determined using both flowcytometry-based NK-cytotoxicity test (NK-cytotoxicity) and NK cell activity test for interferon-gamma (NKA-IFNγ). NK cell phenotype and serum cytokine levels were also tested. Fifty (42.0%) HLH patients showed significantly reduced NK cell function compared to 69 non-HLH patients by both NK-cytotoxicity and NKA-IFNγ (p < 0.001 and p = 0.020, respectively). Agreement between NK-cytotoxicity and NKA-IFNγ was 88.0% in HLH patients and 58.0% in non-HLH patients. NK-cytotoxicity and NKA-IFNγ assays predicted HLH with sensitivities of 96.0% and 92.0%, respectively. The combination of NKA-IFNγ and ferritin (>10,000 µg/L) was helpful for ruling out HLH, with a specificity of 94.2%. Decreased NK-cytotoxicity was associated with increased soluble IL-2 receptor levels and decreased CD56dim NK cells. Decreased NKA-IFNγ was associated with decreased serum cytokine levels. We suggest that both NK-cytotoxicity and NKA-IFNγ could be used for diagnosis of HLH. Further studies are needed to validate the diagnostic and prognostic value of NK cell function tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeyoung Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University International St. Mary's Hospital, Incheon 22711, Korea.
| | - Hoon Seok Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea.
| | - Jong-Mi Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea.
| | - Ki Hyun Park
- Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, Graduate School, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea.
| | - Ae-Ran Choi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea.
| | - Jae-Ho Yoon
- Department of Hematology, Catholic Hematology Hospital and Leukemia Research Institute, Seoul St. Mary's Hematology Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea.
| | - Hyejin Ryu
- Samkwang Medical Laboratories, Seoul 06742, Korea.
| | - Eun-Jee Oh
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea.
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41
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Molecular and Cellular Bases of Immunosenescence, Inflammation, and Cardiovascular Complications Mimicking "Inflammaging" in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20163878. [PMID: 31395799 PMCID: PMC6721773 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20163878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 08/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an archetype of systemic autoimmune disease, characterized by the presence of diverse autoantibodies and chronic inflammation. There are multiple factors involved in lupus pathogenesis, including genetic/epigenetic predisposition, sexual hormone imbalance, environmental stimulants, mental/psychological stresses, and undefined events. Recently, many authors noted that "inflammaging", consisting of immunosenescence and inflammation, is a common feature in aging people and patients with SLE. It is conceivable that chronic oxidative stresses originating from mitochondrial dysfunction, defective bioenergetics, abnormal immunometabolism, and premature telomere erosion may accelerate immune cell senescence in patients with SLE. The mitochondrial dysfunctions in SLE have been extensively investigated in recent years. The molecular basis of normoglycemic metabolic syndrome has been found to be relevant to the production of advanced glycosylated and nitrosative end products. Besides, immunosenescence, autoimmunity, endothelial cell damage, and decreased tissue regeneration could be the results of premature telomere erosion in patients with SLE. Herein, the molecular and cellular bases of inflammaging and cardiovascular complications in SLE patients will be extensively reviewed from the aspects of mitochondrial dysfunctions, abnormal bioenergetics/immunometabolism, and telomere/telomerase disequilibrium.
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Zahran AM, Abdel-Rahim MH, Elsayh KI, Hassanien MM, Mahran SA, Hetta HF. Natural Killer and Natural Killer T Cells in Juvenile Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Relation to Disease Activity and Progression. Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz) 2019; 67:161-169. [PMID: 30944972 DOI: 10.1007/s00005-019-00537-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The contribution of innate immune cells, including natural killer (NK) and natural killer T (NKT) cells, in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is still unclear. Herein, we examined the frequency of peripheral NK cells, CD56dim and CD56bright NK cells, and NKT cells in patients with juvenile SLE and their potential relations to SLE-related clinical and laboratory parameters. The study included 35 SLE children and 20 apparently healthy controls. After baseline clinical and lab work, SLE Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI-2K) and Pediatric Systemic Lupus International Collaborative Clinics/American College of Rheumatology (SLICC/ACR) Damage Index (Ped-SDI) scores were assessed. The frequency of peripheral NK cells, CD56dim and CD56bright NK cells, and NKT cells was examined using flow cytometry. SLE patients showed significantly lower frequency of NK cells and NKT cells and higher frequency of CD56bright NK cells compared to controls. Disease activity, urea, and creatinine correlated negatively with NK, but positively with CD56bright NK cells. NK and NKT cells exhibited inverse correlation with the renal biopsy activity index; however, CD56bright NK cells showed direct correlations with both activity and chronicity indices. Regarding Ped-SDI, renal, neuropsychiatry disorders, and growth failure correlated inversely with NK but directly with CD56bright NK cells. NKT cell inversely correlated with renal damage and delayed puberty. In conclusion, low frequency of NK and NKT and expansion of CD56bright NK cells are marked in juvenile SLE, particularly with activity. These changes have direct effect on renal impairment and growth failure, reflecting their potential influence on disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmaa M Zahran
- Clinical Pathology Department, South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Mona H Abdel-Rahim
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, 71526, Egypt
| | - Khalid I Elsayh
- Pediatric Department, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Manal M Hassanien
- Rheumatology and Rehabilitation Department, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Safaa A Mahran
- Rheumatology and Rehabilitation Department, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Helal F Hetta
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, 71526, Egypt. .,Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, 45267-0595, USA.
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43
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Cytotoxic Function and Cytokine Production of Natural Killer Cells and Natural Killer T-Like Cells in Systemic Lupus Erythematosis Regulation with Interleukin-15. Mediators Inflamm 2019; 2019:4236562. [PMID: 31049024 PMCID: PMC6462338 DOI: 10.1155/2019/4236562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Revised: 11/25/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural killer cells and NKT-like cells are the first line immune defense against tumor and virus infection. Deficient NK and NKT-like cell effector function may contribute to increased susceptibility to infection in SLE patients. We sought to examine the perforin and granzyme B expression, interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), and tumor-necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) production and CD107a degranulation of NK and NKT-like cells from SLE patients and their regulation by IL-15. We established that (1) perforin expression on SLE NK cells was decreased but unrelated to disease activity; (2) the MFI of granzyme B was increased in NK cells from SLE patients with active disease, associated with increased percentages of granzyme B+ CD56bright NK cells; (3) NK cells from active SLE patients, both CD56dim and CD56bright NK subsets, produced higher IFN-γ compared to controls; (4) CD56dim, but not CD56bright NK cells from active SLE patients, produced lower TNF-α, compared to inactive SLE patients and controls; (5) CD107a degranulation of SLE NK cells was comparable to controls; (6) IL-15 enhanced perforin/granzyme B expression, IFN-γ/TNF-α production, and CD107a degranulation of NK cells from SLE patients; and (7) similar observations were found for CD56+CD3+ NKT-like cells. Taken together, we demonstrated the differential expression of the heightened granzyme B and decreased TNF-α in NK and NKT-like cells in SLE patients. Higher granzyme B expression of NK and NKT-like cells in active SLE patients, further enhanced by circulating IL-15, may contribute to the maintenance of inflammation in SLE.
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Rodríguez-Alba JC, Girón-Pérez DA, Romero-Ramírez H, Pelayo R, Santos-Argumedo L. Regulatory IFN-γ-producing killer dendritic cells are enhanced in B6.MLR-Fas lpr /J lupus-prone mice. Eur J Immunol 2018; 48:1851-1860. [PMID: 30289564 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201847547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Revised: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
A novel cell population denominated IFN-γ-producing killer dendritic cells (IKDCs) have been recently described. These cells are lymphocytes lacking B- or T- receptors, but they can be identified by the presence of B220+ CD38+ CD49b+ and low CD11c, among other cell surface markers. The main characteristics of IKDCs are the production of IFN-γ and the ability to spontaneously kill tumor cells. We found that this population increases in B6.MLR-Faslpr /J mice. Interestingly, IKDCs increase with age and are more abundant in mice older than 6 months onward. To analyze whether these cells have any role in the induction of the lupus-like phenotype in the B6.MLR-Faslpr /J mice, IKDCs were purified and transferred into 6-month-old B6.MRL-Faslpr /J mice, then the presence of anti-nuclear antibodies (ANAS) and anti-dsDNA antibodies were analyzed 2 and 4 months after the transfer. The results showed a reduction in the levels of these autoantibodies and increased survival of these mice, indicating that these cells may have a regulatory function. In vitro assays demonstrated that IKDCs reduced the proliferation of both autoreactive B and T cells, suggesting that these may be the mechanisms used by these cells to ameliorate the lupus-like phenotype in the B6.MRL-Faslpr /J mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Carlos Rodríguez-Alba
- Unidad de Citometría de Flujo, Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Veracruz, México
| | | | | | - Rosana Pelayo
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Oriente-CIBIOR, IMSS, Puebla, Mexico
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45
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Zitti B, Bryceson YT. Natural killer cells in inflammation and autoimmunity. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2018; 42:37-46. [PMID: 30122459 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2018.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
First described 40 years ago, natural killer (NK) cells represent the founding members of the innate lymphoid cell (ILC) family. They were initially defined by their ability to kill cancer cells of hematopoietic origin. More recently, NK cells are recognized not only for their ability to kill infected or malignant cells, but also for mediating cytotoxicity against a range of normal immune cells. They thereby play an important physiological role in controlling immune responses and maintaining homeostasis. Besides cytotoxic activity, NK cells activation is accompanied by secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Hence, NK cells have the potential to act both in driving inflammation and in restricting adaptive immune responses that may otherwise lead to excessive inflammation or even autoimmunity. Here, we highlight how NK cell activity is linked to inflammasome activation and review new molecular insights to the roles of NK cells in inflammation and autoimmunity. Furthermore, in light of new insights to NK cell differentiation and memory, we deliberate on how distinct NK cell subsets may impact immunoregulatory functions. Hypothetically, memory-like or adaptive NK cells could drive NK cell-mediated autoreactive diseases. Together, new findings underscore the complex yet important physiological roles of NK cells in both promoting inflammation and exerting immunoregulation and maintenance of immune homeostasis. Insights raise intriguing questions as to how NK cells themselves maintain self-tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice Zitti
- Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Yenan T Bryceson
- Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Broegelmann Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
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46
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Carvajal Alegria G, Gazeau P, Hillion S, Daïen CI, Cornec DYK. Could Lymphocyte Profiling be Useful to Diagnose Systemic Autoimmune Diseases? Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2018; 53:219-236. [PMID: 28474288 DOI: 10.1007/s12016-017-8608-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Considering the implications of B, T, and natural killer (NK) cells in the pathophysiology of systemic autoimmune diseases, the assessment of their distribution in the blood could be helpful for physicians in the complex process of determining a precise diagnosis. In primary Sjögren's syndrome, transitional and active naive B cells are increased and memory B cells are decreased compared to healthy controls and other systemic diseases. However, their utility to improve the accuracy of classification criteria has not been proven. In early untreated rheumatoid arthritis, proportions of regulatory T cells are constantly reduced, but other patterns are difficult to determine given the heterogeneity of published studies. In systemic lupus erythematosus, the lack of studies using large cohorts of patients and the diversity of the possible pathological mechanisms involved are also important impediments. Nevertheless, transitional B cell and plasma cell proportions are increased in most of the studies, the CD4/CD8 ratio is decreased, and the number of NK cells is reduced. Despite the low number of studies, anomalies of lymphocyte subset distribution was also described in ANCA-associated vasculitis, systemic scleroderma, and myositis. For now, flow cytometric analysis of lymphocyte subsets has focused mainly on specific subpopulations and is more useful for basic and translational research than for diagnostics in clinical practice. However, new modern methods such as mass cytometry and bioinformatics analyses may offer the possibility to simultaneously account for the relative proportions of multiple lymphocyte subsets and define a global profile in homogeneous groups of patients. The years to come will certainly incorporate such global lymphocyte profiling in reclassification of systemic autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo Carvajal Alegria
- Service de Rhumatologie, Hôpital de la Cavale Blanche, CHRU Brest, BP 824, 29609, Brest cedex, France.,INSERM U1227, European University of Brest, Brest, France
| | - Pierre Gazeau
- Service de Rhumatologie, Hôpital de la Cavale Blanche, CHRU Brest, BP 824, 29609, Brest cedex, France
| | - Sophie Hillion
- INSERM U1227, European University of Brest, Brest, France.,Laboratoire d'Immunologie et Immunothérapie, CHRU Morvan, Brest, France
| | - Claire I Daïen
- Rheumatology Department, Lapeyronie Hospital and Montpellier I University, Montpellier, France.,UMR5535, CNRS, Institute of molecular genetic, Montpellier, France
| | - Divi Y K Cornec
- Service de Rhumatologie, Hôpital de la Cavale Blanche, CHRU Brest, BP 824, 29609, Brest cedex, France. .,INSERM U1227, European University of Brest, Brest, France.
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47
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Suárez-Fueyo A, Bradley SJ, Katsuyama T, Solomon S, Katsuyama E, Kyttaris VC, Moulton VR, Tsokos GC. Downregulation of CD3ζ in NK Cells from Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients Confers a Proinflammatory Phenotype. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 200:3077-3086. [PMID: 29602774 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1700588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2017] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Cytotoxic function and cytokine profile of NK cells are compromised in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). CD3ζ, an important molecule for NK cell activation, is downregulated in SLE T cells and contributes to their altered function. However, little is known about the role of CD3ζ in SLE NK cells. We studied CD3ζ levels and its contribution to cytotoxic, degranulation, and cytokine production capacity of NK cells from patients with SLE. Furthermore, we studied the human NK cell line, NKL, in which manipulation of CD3ζ levels was achieved using small interfering RNA and NK cells from Rag2 mice deficient in CD3ζ. We found reduced CD3ζ expression in NK cells from SLE patients independent of disease activity. Downregulation of CD3ζ expression in NK cells is mediated, at least in part, by Caspase 3, the activity of which is higher in NK cells from patients with SLE compared with NK cells from healthy donors. CD3ζ levels correlated inversely with natural cytotoxicity and the percentage of cells capable of producing the proinflammatory cytokines IFN-γ and TNF. In contrast, CD3ζ levels showed a direct correlation with levels of Ab-dependent cellular cytotoxicity. Experiments performed in CD3ζ-silenced NKL and CD3ζ-deficient NK cells from Rag2 mice confirmed the dependence of NK cell function on CD3ζ levels. Our results demonstrate a differential role for CD3ζ in natural cytotoxicity and Ab-dependent cellular cytotoxicity. We conclude that downregulated CD3ζ confers a proinflammatory phenotype to SLE NK cells and contributes to their altered function in patients with SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abel Suárez-Fueyo
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Sean J Bradley
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Takayuki Katsuyama
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Sarah Solomon
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Eri Katsuyama
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Vasileios C Kyttaris
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Vaishali R Moulton
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - George C Tsokos
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
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48
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Gianchecchi E, Delfino DV, Fierabracci A. NK cells in autoimmune diseases: Linking innate and adaptive immune responses. Autoimmun Rev 2018; 17:142-154. [PMID: 29180124 DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2017.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The pathogenesis of autoimmunity remains to be fully elucidated, although the contribution of genetic and environmental factors is generally recognized. Despite autoimmune conditions are principally due to T and B lymphocytes, NK cells also appear to play a role in the promotion and/or maintenance of altered adaptive immune responses or in peripheral tolerance mechanisms. Although NK cells are components of the innate immune system, they shows characteristics of the adaptive immune system, such as the expansion of pathogen-specific cells, the generation of long-lasting "memory" cells able to persist upon cognate antigen encounter, and the possibility to induce an increased secondary recall response to re-challenge. Human NK cells are generally identified as CD56+CD3-, conversely CD56+CD3+ cells represent a mixed population of NK-like T (NK T) cells and antigen-experienced T cells showing the up-regulation of several NK cell markers. CD56dim constitute about 90% of NK cells in the peripheral blood, they are mature and involved in cytotoxicity responses; CD56bright instead are more immature, mostly involved in cytokine production, having only a limited role in cytolytic responses, keen to leave the blood vessels as the principal population observed in lymph nodes. NK cells have been identified also in non-lymphoid tissues since, in pathologic conditions, they can quickly reach the target organs. A cross-talk between NK with dendritic cells and T cells is established throughout different receptor-ligand bindings. Several studies support the correlation between NK cell number and/or functional alterations, such as a defective cytotoxic activity and several autoimmune conditions. Among the different autoimmune pathologies and even within the same disease, NK cell function is significantly different either promoting or even protecting against the onset of the autoimmune condition. In this Review, we discuss recent literature supporting the role played by NK cells, as a bridge between innate and adaptive immunity, in the onset of autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Gianchecchi
- Type 1 Diabetes Centre, Infectivology and Clinical Trials Research Department, Children's Hospital Bambino Gesù, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Alessandra Fierabracci
- Type 1 Diabetes Centre, Infectivology and Clinical Trials Research Department, Children's Hospital Bambino Gesù, Rome, Italy.
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49
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Kok HM, van den Hoogen LL, van Roon JAG, Adriaansen EJM, Fritsch-Stork RDE, Nguyen TQ, Goldschmeding R, Radstake TRDJ, Bovenschen N. Systemic and local granzyme B levels are associated with disease activity, kidney damage and interferon signature in systemic lupus erythematosus. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2017; 56:2129-2134. [DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kex332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023] Open
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50
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Cruz-González DDJ, Gómez-Martin D, Layseca-Espinosa E, Baranda L, Abud-Mendoza C, Alcocer-Varela J, González-Amaro R, Monsiváis-Urenda AE. Analysis of the regulatory function of natural killer cells from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Clin Exp Immunol 2017; 191:288-300. [PMID: 29058308 DOI: 10.1111/cei.13073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells participate in the regulation of the immune response. However, the immunomodulatory function of NK cells in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is not well understood. The aim of this study was to evaluate the regulatory function of NK cells in SLE patients and to identify the NK cells involved in the pathogenesis of this complex disease. We analysed the expression of NK receptors and co-stimulatory molecules in peripheral NK cells (CD3- CD56+ ) from SLE patients, as well as the numbers of human leucocyte antigen D-related (HLA-DR)/CD11c+ NK cells. In addition, NK cell regulatory function was assessed by the detection of NK cell-mediated dendritic cell (DC) lysis. We found that SLE patients showed increased numbers of immunoglobulin-like transcript 2 (ILT2)+ , CD86+ and CD134+ NK cells. Furthermore, NK cells from SLE patients induced higher levels of DC lysis. We were able to identify a new subset of NK cells co-expressing CD11c and HLA-DR. These atypical NK cells were increased in SLE patients when compared with controls. We have identified an expanded new subset of NK cells in SLE patients. This is the first study, to our knowledge, which demonstrates that NK cells in SLE patients have an altered phenotype with a high expression of receptors characteristic of dendritic cells. Our results suggest that the impairment in the regulatory function of NK cells, together with the increased number of DC-like NK cells, could play an important role in the development of SLE and highlight the importance of NK cells as a future therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- D de J Cruz-González
- Medicina Molecular y Traslacional, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud y Biomedicina, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí
| | - D Gómez-Martin
- Departamento de Reumatología e Inmunología, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición 'Salvador Zubirán', Ciudad de México
| | - E Layseca-Espinosa
- Medicina Molecular y Traslacional, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud y Biomedicina, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí
| | - L Baranda
- Unidad de Reumatología y Osteoporosis, Hospital Central 'Ignacio Morones Prieto', San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - C Abud-Mendoza
- Unidad de Reumatología y Osteoporosis, Hospital Central 'Ignacio Morones Prieto', San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - J Alcocer-Varela
- Departamento de Reumatología e Inmunología, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición 'Salvador Zubirán', Ciudad de México
| | - R González-Amaro
- Medicina Molecular y Traslacional, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud y Biomedicina, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí
| | - A E Monsiváis-Urenda
- Medicina Molecular y Traslacional, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud y Biomedicina, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí
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