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Basagni B, Abbruzzese L, Radicchi G, Damora A, Salti G, Malentacchi GM, Caputo N, Zoccolotti P, Scarselli C, Mancuso M. Cognitive profile in a young woman with Susac syndrome: a case report. Neurocase 2024:1-8. [PMID: 38869248 DOI: 10.1080/13554794.2024.2366457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Susac syndrome is a rare immune-mediated endotheliopathy affecting the microvasculature. It presents three main symptoms: encephalopathy, branch retinal artery occlusions, and hearing loss . Here we present a new case report focusing on the evolution of the cognitive profile. The patient underwent two neuropsychological examinations. The first, one month after the onset of the symptomatology, highlighted a prevalent involvement of verbal executive functions. The second, conducted six months later, revealed a global improvement in most previously deficient areas, although with the persistence of a difficulty in cognitive estimation. . This case illustrates the importance of a comprehensive analysis of patients with Susac syndrome to appreciate the whole range of cognitive deficits and reliably evaluate symptom evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Giulia Salti
- Tuscany Rehabilitation Clinic, Montevarchi, Italy
| | | | | | - Pierluigi Zoccolotti
- Tuscany Rehabilitation Clinic, Montevarchi, Italy
- Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Mauro Mancuso
- Physical and Rehabilitative Medicine Unit, NHS ASL-Toscana Sud-Est, Grosseto, Italy
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2
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Ghirelli A, Spinelli EG, Canu E, Basaia S, Castelnovo V, Cecchetti G, Sibilla E, Domi T, Magnani G, Caso F, Caroppo P, Prioni S, Villa C, Rossi G, Tremolizzo L, Appollonio I, Verde F, Ticozzi N, Silani V, Filippi M, Agosta F. Clinical and neuroanatomical characterization of the semantic behavioral variant of frontotemporal dementia in a multicenter Italian cohort. J Neurol 2024:10.1007/s00415-024-12338-9. [PMID: 38597943 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-024-12338-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Semantic behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (sbvFTD) is a neurodegenerative condition presenting with specific behavioral and semantic derangements and predominant atrophy of the right anterior temporal lobe (ATL). The objective was to evaluate clinical, neuropsychological, neuroimaging, and genetic features of an Italian sbvFTD cohort, defined according to recently proposed guidelines, compared to semantic variant primary progressive aphasia (svPPA) and behavioral variant FTD (bvFTD) patients. METHODS Fifteen sbvFTD, sixty-three bvFTD, and twenty-five svPPA patients and forty controls were enrolled. Patients underwent clinical, cognitive evaluations, and brain MRI. Symptoms of bvFTD patients between onset and first visit were retrospectively recorded and classified as early and late. Grey matter atrophy was investigated using voxel-based morphometry. RESULTS sbvFTD experienced early criteria-specific symptoms: world, object and person-specific semantic loss (67%), complex compulsions and rigid thought (60%). Sequentially, more behavioral symptoms emerged (apathy/inertia, loss of empathy) along with non-criteria-specific symptoms (anxiety, suspiciousness). sbvFTD showed sparing of attentive/executive functions, especially compared to bvFTD and better language functions compared to svPPA. All sbvFTD patients failed at the famous face recognition test and more than 80% failed in understanding written metaphors and humor. At MRI, sbvFTD had predominant right ATL atrophy, almost specular to svPPA. Three sbvFTD patients presented pathogenic genetic variants. CONCLUSION We replicated the application of sbvFTD diagnostic guidelines in an independent Italian cohort, demonstrating that the presence of person-specific semantic knowledge loss and mental rigidity, along with preserved executive functions and a predominant right ATL atrophy with sparing of frontal lobes, should prompt a diagnosis of sbvFTD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alma Ghirelli
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 60, 20132, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
- Neurology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Edoardo Gioele Spinelli
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 60, 20132, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
- Neurology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisa Canu
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 60, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Basaia
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 60, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Veronica Castelnovo
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 60, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Giordano Cecchetti
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 60, 20132, Milan, Italy
- Neurology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisa Sibilla
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 60, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Teuta Domi
- Experimental Neuropathology Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Magnani
- Neurology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Caso
- Neurology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Caroppo
- Unit of Neurology 5-Neuropathology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Prioni
- Unit of Neurology 5-Neuropathology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Cristina Villa
- Unit of Neurology 5-Neuropathology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Giacomina Rossi
- Unit of Neurology 5-Neuropathology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Lucio Tremolizzo
- Neurology Unit, "San Gerardo" Hospital and University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Ildebrando Appollonio
- Neurology Unit, "San Gerardo" Hospital and University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Federico Verde
- Department of Neurology and Laboratory of Neuroscience, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
- "Dino Ferrari" Center, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Nicola Ticozzi
- Department of Neurology and Laboratory of Neuroscience, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
- "Dino Ferrari" Center, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Silani
- Department of Neurology and Laboratory of Neuroscience, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
- "Dino Ferrari" Center, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo Filippi
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 60, 20132, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
- Neurology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Neurophysiology Service, IRCSS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Neurorehabilitation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Agosta
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 60, 20132, Milan, Italy.
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.
- Neurology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.
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Beschin N, MacPherson SE, Barozzi N, Della Sala S. Luria's fist-edge-palm test: A small change makes a big difference. Cortex 2023; 169:191-202. [PMID: 37944207 DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2023.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Slight modifications in the instructions or administration of neuropsychological tests could result in noticeable differences in performance. A good example is offered by a test devised by Luria to assess executive functioning in motor planning, the three-step fist-edge-palm (FEP) test, which is still frequently employed in clinical settings and features in several neuropsychological test batteries such as the Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB). While Luria described the orientation of the fist as horizontal to the testing desk (hFEP), recent versions of the task indicate the fist should be vertical to the testing desk (vFEP). The current study examined whether administering the hFEP or the vFEP tests results in different performance in healthy people, and whether one version is better than the other at detecting impairments in a patient population. The hFEP proved more challenging for healthy adults than the vFEP, and people with brain damage committed more errors on the hFEP than the vFEP. Both versions correlated with executive measures but also with several other cognitive variables, indicating that the test is not a specific marker of executive functions. Although performance on the FEP is sensitive to articulatory suppression, faster pace, and the number of sequences performed, none of these conditions fully account for the differences between the hFEP and vFEP. The additional demand of the hFEP appears to be due to the less natural (i.e., automatic) orientation of the horizontal fist. In conclusion, a small change in the administration of the test, eluding Luria's instructions, grossly modified its sensitivity. Clinicians and researchers should be wary of modifying instructions or testing procedures without considering the possible consequences of such modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicoletta Beschin
- Neuropsychological Service, Rehabilitation Unit, ASST Valle Olona, Somma Lombardo Hospital, Italy
| | - Sarah E MacPherson
- Human Cognitive Neuroscience, Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Nicole Barozzi
- Neuropsychological Service, Rehabilitation Unit, ASST Valle Olona, Somma Lombardo Hospital, Italy
| | - Sergio Della Sala
- Human Cognitive Neuroscience, Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
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Montemurro S, Mondini S, Pucci V, Durante G, Riccardi A, Maffezzini S, Scialpi G, Signorini M, Arcara G. Tele-Global Examination of Mental State (Tele-GEMS): an open tool for the remote neuropsychological screening. Neurol Sci 2023; 44:3499-3508. [PMID: 37248426 PMCID: PMC10226870 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-023-06862-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Tele-neuropsychology, i.e., the application of remote audio-visual technologies to neuropsychological evaluation or rehabilitation, has become increasingly popular and widespread during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. New tools with updated normative data and appropriate methodological developments are necessary. We present Tele-GEMS, a telephone-based cognitive screening developed on N = 601 Italian participants. It yields a global score tapping on orientation, memory, spatial representation, language, and pragmatic abilities. Its administration lasts about 10 min. Clinical cut-offs are provided, accounting for demographic variables (age, education, and sex) and also for a comprehensive index taking into account cognitively stimulating life experiences that can build up a cognitive reserve. Tele-GEMS shows good internal consistency and a good inter-rater agreement. The test includes the thresholds for estimating a significant change after repeated measurements. Tele-GEMS has a good construct validity as assessed with MoCA and a suitable criterion validity assessed with its in-person version (GEMS). All the materials and the instructions, including scripts and an online Application for the automatic calculation of cut-offs, are accessible on OSF at https://osf.io/t3bma/ under a Creative Commons license.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sara Mondini
- Department of Philosophy, Sociology, Education and Applied Psychology (FISPPA), Università di Padova, Padova, Italy
- Centro di Ateneo Servizi Clinici Universitari Psicologici (SCUP), Università di Padova, Padova, Italy
- Human Inspired Technology Research Centre HIT, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Veronica Pucci
- Department of Philosophy, Sociology, Education and Applied Psychology (FISPPA), Università di Padova, Padova, Italy
- Human Inspired Technology Research Centre HIT, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Giorgia Durante
- Department of Philosophy, Sociology, Education and Applied Psychology (FISPPA), Università di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Alice Riccardi
- Multiple Sclerosis Centre, Department of Neurosciences-DNS, Università di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Sabrina Maffezzini
- Multiple Sclerosis Centre, Department of Neurosciences-DNS, Università di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Graziana Scialpi
- Multiple Sclerosis Centre, Department of Neurosciences-DNS, Università di Padova, Padova, Italy
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De Marchi F, Saraceno M, Sarnelli MF, Virgilio E, Cantello R, Mazzini L. Potential role of vitamin D levels in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis cognitive impairment. Neurol Sci 2023:10.1007/s10072-023-06751-7. [PMID: 36949299 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-023-06751-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
Abstract
Cognitive impairment (CI) is common in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS): a keystone is identifying factors that could potentially modify the CI course. In recent years, vitamin D is becoming a potential modificatory factor for CI in many neurological disorders. This study aimed to highlight if vitamin D deficiency correlated with CI and clinical features in a cohort of ALS patients. We included 55 ALS patients with a neuropsychological evaluation (classified with the Strong Criteria) and a vitamin D dosage at the diagnosis. We also reviewed medical records and completed data for medical history, physical and neurological examination, and functional scales. At the diagnosis, 30 patients (54%) had CI. Most patients (82%) displayed low vitamin D levels (19.87 ± 9.80 ng/ml). Comparing the vitamin D level between patients with and without CI, we observed significantly lower values in the first group (15.8 ± 8.2 vs. 22.0 ± 9.7 ng/ml, p: 0.04). In the spinal female subgroup (n = 15), we found an inverse correlation between vitamin D and bizarreness score in the cognitive estimates test (r = 0.58; p: 0.04) and a positive correlation with the Corrected Raven's Standard Progressive Matrices (r = 0.53, p: 0.04). Conversely, in the bulbar female group, we observed a correlation with the corrected direct span (r = 0.84, p: 0.03). With the log-rank survival analysis, we found that the patients with vitamin D < 10 ng/ml had a shorter disease duration (Chi: 5.78, p: 0.02). Our results indicate that levels of vitamin D can influence the cognitive status of people living with ALS and that severe deficits might be an adverse prognostic survival factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiola De Marchi
- ALS Centre, Neurology Unit, Department of Translational Medicine, Maggiore della Carità Hospital, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy.
| | - Massimo Saraceno
- ALS Centre, Neurology Unit, Department of Translational Medicine, Maggiore della Carità Hospital, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Maria Francesca Sarnelli
- ALS Centre, Neurology Unit, Department of Translational Medicine, Maggiore della Carità Hospital, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Eleonora Virgilio
- Neurology Unit, Department of Translational Medicine, Maggiore Della Carità Hospital, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Roberto Cantello
- Neurology Unit, Department of Translational Medicine, Maggiore Della Carità Hospital, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Letizia Mazzini
- ALS Centre, Neurology Unit, Department of Translational Medicine, Maggiore della Carità Hospital, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
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Perra A, Galetti A, Zaccheddu R, Locci A, Piludu F, Preti A, Primavera D, Di Natale L, Nardi AE, Kurotshka PK, Cossu G, Sancassiani F, Stella G, De Lorenzo V, Zreik T, Carta MG. A Recovery-Oriented Program for People with Bipolar Disorder through Virtual Reality-Based Cognitive Remediation: Results of a Feasibility Randomized Clinical Trial. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12062142. [PMID: 36983145 PMCID: PMC10056011 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12062142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Cognitive impairment is a frequent consequence of bipolar disorder (BD) that is difficult to prevent and treat. In addition, the quality of the preliminary evidence on the treatment of BD through Cognitive Remediation (CR) with traditional methods is poor. This study aims to evaluate the feasibility of a CR intervention with fully immersive Virtual Reality (VR) as an additional treatment for BD and offers preliminary data on its efficacy. Methods: Feasibility randomized controlled cross-over clinical study, with experimental condition lasting three months, crossed between two groups. Experimental condition: CR fully immersive VR recovery-oriented program plus conventional care; Control condition: conventional care. The control group began the experimental condition after a three months period of conventional care (waiting list). After the randomization of 50 people with BD diagnosis, the final sample consists of 39 participants in the experimental condition and 25 in the control condition because of dropouts. Results: Acceptability and tolerability of the intervention were good. Compared to the waitlist group, the experimental group reported a significant improvement regarding cognitive functions (memory: p = 0.003; attention: p = 0.002, verbal fluency: p = 0.010, executive function: p = 0.003), depressive symptoms (p = 0.030), emotional awareness (p = 0.007) and biological rhythms (p = 0.029). Conclusions: The results are preliminary and cannot be considered exhaustive due to the small sample size. However, the evidence of efficacy, together with the good acceptability of the intervention, is of interest. These results suggest the need to conduct studies with larger samples that can confirm this data. Trial registration: ClinicalTrialsgov NCT05070065, registered in September 2021
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Perra
- International PhD in Innovation Sciences and Technologies, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Alessia Galetti
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Rosanna Zaccheddu
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Aurora Locci
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Federica Piludu
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Antonio Preti
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Diego Primavera
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
| | | | - Antonio Egidio Nardi
- Institute of Psychiatry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil
| | | | - Giulia Cossu
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Federica Sancassiani
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Giusy Stella
- Department of Mental Health and Pathological Addiction, ASL 5, 00034 Rome, Italy
| | | | - Thurayya Zreik
- Mental Health Service User Association, 11072070 Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Mauro Giovanni Carta
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
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Tomasino B, Guarracino I, Ius T, Skrap M. Continuous Real-Time Neuropsychological Testing during Resection Phase in Left and Right Prefrontal Brain Tumors. Curr Oncol 2023; 30:2007-2020. [PMID: 36826117 PMCID: PMC9955514 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol30020156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Executive functions are multi-component and are based on large-scale brain networks. For patients undergoing brain surgery in the prefrontal cortex, resection in the anterior prefrontal sites is assisted by continuous monitoring of their performance on several tasks measuring components of executive functions. In this study, we did not test patients during direct cortical stimulation, but during resection itself. We chose tests routinely used to assess executive functions and included them in a protocol for left (LH) and right (RH) hemisphere prefrontal resections. This protocol is meant to be used during real-time neuropsychological testing (RTNT)-an already established monitoring technique. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed a consecutive series of 29 adult patients with glioma in the superior and middle frontal areas who performed the RTNT sequence throughout the resection phase. The testing protocol comprised 10 tests for LH frontal resections and 9 tests for RH frontal resections. RESULTS RH patients showed a median performance on RTNT with significantly lower scores for visuo-spatial attention and emotion processing (95% Confidence Interval Lower bound of 66.55 and 82.57, respectively, χ2 (7) = 32.8, p < 0.001). LH patients showed a median performance on RTNT, with significantly lower scores for selective attention and working memory (95% Confidence Interval Lower bound of 51.12, χ2 (5) = 20.31 p < 0.001) and minimum scores for the same task and for the Stroop test (χ2 (5) = 17.86, p < 0.005). The delta for accuracy between the first and the last RTNT run was not statistically significant (RH patients: χ2 (7) = 10.49, p > 0.05, n.s.; LH patients: χ2 (5) = 3.35, p > 0.05, n.s.). Mean extent of resection was 95.33% ± 9.72 for the RH group and 94.64% ± 6.74 for the LH group. Patients showed good performance post- vs. pre-surgery. The greater difference in the number of LH patients scoring within the normal range was found for the symbol-digit modality test (83.3% to 62%), Stroop test (100% to 77%) and short-term memory (84.61% to 72.72%) and working memory (92.3% to 63.63%). For RH patients, the main changes were observed on the clock drawing test (100% to 77.7%) and cognitive estimation (100% to 72.7%). CONCLUSIONS Frontal RTNT offers continuous and reliable feedback on the patients' cognitive status during resection in frontal areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Tomasino
- Scientific Institute IRCCS “Eugenio Medea”, Polo FVG, Pasian di Prato, 33037 Udine, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Ilaria Guarracino
- Scientific Institute IRCCS “Eugenio Medea”, Polo FVG, Pasian di Prato, 33037 Udine, Italy
| | - Tamara Ius
- Unità Operativa di Neurochirurgia, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria del Friuli Centrale, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Miran Skrap
- Unità Operativa di Neurochirurgia, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria del Friuli Centrale, 33100 Udine, Italy
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Early Predictors of Disability and Cognition in Multiple Sclerosis Patients: A Long-Term Retrospective Analysis. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12020685. [PMID: 36675614 PMCID: PMC9864935 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12020685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
We conducted a retrospective analysis on multiple sclerosis (MS) patients with perceived cognitive decline and long disease duration to investigate early predictors of future cognitive impairment (CI) and motor disability. Sixty-five patients complaining of cognitive decline were assessed with an extensive neuropsychological battery at the last clinical follow-up and classified as mildly impaired, severely impaired, and cognitively spared based on the results. Motor disability was assessed with EDSS, MSSS, and ARMSS. Baseline demographic, clinical, and imaging parameters were retrospectively collected and inserted in separate multivariate regression models to investigate the predictive power of future impairment. Twenty-one patients (32.3%) showed no CI, seventeen (26.2%) showed mild CI, and twenty-seven (41.5%) showed severe CI. Older and less educated patients with higher EDSS, longer disease duration, and higher white matter lesion load (WMLL) at diagnosis (particularly with cerebellar involvement) were more likely to develop CI after a mean follow-up from diagnosis of 16.5 ± 6.9 years. DMT exposure was protective. The multivariate regression analyses confirmed WMLL, disease duration, and educational levels as the parameters with significant predictive value for future CI (R2 adjusted: 0.338 p: 0.001). Older patients with progressive phenotype both at diagnosis and T1 were more likely to be not fully ambulatory at T1 (R2 adjusted: 0.796 p: 0.0001). Our results further expand knowledge on early predictors of cognitive decline and evolution over time.
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Scuotto C, Ilardi CR, Maggi G, Ilardi A, Gamboz N, Staiano M, Borrelli G, La Marra M, Perrella R. What makes us more susceptible to false memories in the era of COVID-19? A focus on vaccines and Green Pass. Brain Behav 2023; 13:e2815. [PMID: 36448933 PMCID: PMC9847604 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.2815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic was accompanied by an overabundance of fake news increasing the risk of developing false memories (FMs). Previous studies have shown that the relationship between fake news and FMs could be mediated by some individual variables, including attitudinal biases. We explored the role of these variables in true memories (TMs) and FMs formation, with special emphasis on vaccine- and Green Pass (GP)-related topics. METHOD We set up a large online survey exploring several constructs including media usage, attitude toward vaccines and GP, perceived (PK) and objective knowledge (OK) about COVID-19-related information, fear of the disease, depression and anxiety symptoms, coping mechanisms, and reasoning skills. Then, we asked participants whether they remembered certain news (true or fake), providing confidence ratings. RESULTS Data from 289 respondents (198 females) from the general population were analyzed. Participants with positive attitude reported a greater fear that their loved ones contracted the COVID-19, a more frequent use of traditional media, and a higher PK when compared with respondents with negative attitude. On the whole sample, participants reported higher confidence levels when required to judge their memory of true than fake news; however, participants with positive attitude reported a higher confidence for both true and fake news. The relationship between attitude and TM confidence was mediated by the PK, whereas the relationship between attitude and FM confidence was probably affected by OK. CONCLUSION Attitude can modulate individual behaviors in the context of health issues. The PK and OK may interact with attitude in the memory formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Scuotto
- Department of Psychology, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Caserta, Italy
| | - Ciro Rosario Ilardi
- Department of Psychology, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Caserta, Italy
| | - Gianpaolo Maggi
- Department of Psychology, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Caserta, Italy
| | - Alfonso Ilardi
- Inmates Ward, Department of Internal Medicine, Antonio Cardarelli Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - Nadia Gamboz
- Laboratory of Experimental Psychology, Suor Orsola Benincasa University, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Staiano
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanni Borrelli
- Department of Psychology, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Caserta, Italy
| | - Marco La Marra
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Raffaella Perrella
- Department of Psychology, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Caserta, Italy
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Guarracino I, Ius T, Pauletto G, Maieron M, D’Agostini S, Skrap M, Tomasino B. Incidental low grade glioma in young female: an indolent lesion? A case report and a literature review. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2022; 223:107520. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2022.107520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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11
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Perra A, De Lorenzo V, Zaccheddu R, Locci A, Piludu F, Preti A, Di Natale L, Galetti A, Nardi AE, Cossu G, Sancassiani F, Barbato S, Cesaretti O, Kurotshka PK, Carta MG. Cognitive Remediation Virtual Reality Tool a Recovery-Oriented Project for People with Bipolar Disorder: Protocol of a Feasibility Randomized Clinical Trial. Clin Pract Epidemiol Ment Health 2022; 18:e174501792208220. [PMID: 37274852 PMCID: PMC10158082 DOI: 10.2174/17450179-v18-e2208220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Cognitive deficits are considered a fundamental component of bipolar disorder due to the fact that they negatively impact personal/social functioning. Cognitive remediation interventions are effective in the treatment of various psychosocial disorders, including bipolar disorder. The use of Virtual reality as a rehabilitation tool has produced scientific evidence in recent years, especially in cardiovascular, neurological, and musculoskeletal rehabilitation. This study aims at evaluating the feasibility of a Cognitive Remediation Virtual Reality Program (CEREBRUM) for people with bipolar disorder in psychiatric rehabilitation. Material and Methods Feasibility randomized controlled cross-over clinical study; we randomized 50 people from the Consultation and Psychosomatic Psychiatry Center of the University Hospital of Cagliari (San Giovanni di Dio Civil Hospital) with a diagnosis of bipolar disorder. We propose a cognitive remediation program in virtual reality (CEREBRUM), 3 months with 2 weekly sessions, for the experimental group and a usual care program for the control group (psychiatric visit and/or psychotherapy). Results The results of the trial will be published in international peer-reviewed journals and will be disseminated at international meetings and congress. Discussion This RCT aims, with regards to its feasibility and design, to provide information about a confirmatory trial that evaluates the effectiveness of a Virtual Reality Cognitive Remediation program in psychiatric rehabilitation for the treatment of cognitive dysfunction in people with bipolar disorder. Conclusion The results that we analyzed at the end of the RCT will have an impact on psychiatric rehabilitation research with a focus on improving the application of technologies for mental health.Trial registration: ClinicalTrialsgov NCT05070065, registered on September 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Perra
- International Ph.D. in Innovation Sciences and Technologies, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | | | - Rosanna Zaccheddu
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Aurora Locci
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Federica Piludu
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Antonio Preti
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Alessia Galetti
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | | | - Giulia Cossu
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Federica Sancassiani
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | | | | | - Peter Konstantin Kurotshka
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
- Department of General Practice, University Hospital Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Mauro G. Carta
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
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Neurosyphilis Mimicking Behavioral Variant of Frontotemporal Dementia in a 59-Year-Old Man. Cogn Behav Neurol 2022; 35:140-146. [PMID: 35639012 DOI: 10.1097/wnn.0000000000000299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
We present the case of a man exhibiting a clinical phenotype of behavioral variant of frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD). The man had developed psychiatric disturbances with verbal aggressiveness over a few months, followed by cognitive and frontal behavioral disorders, fulfilling the clinical criteria for bvFTD. Atrophy and hypometabolism in frontotemporal regions were consistent with the diagnosis. However, serum-screening exams for syphilis infection were positive, and CSF analysis, despite a negative Venereal Disease Research Laboratory Test, suggested the diagnosis of neurosyphilis. After specific antibiotic therapy, the man's behavioral abnormalities and cognitive deficits notably improved, confirming neurosyphilis as the cause of the clinical phenotype. The cognitive deficits completely recovered 1 year post therapy and remained stable for 2 years. After ∼2½ years from the first treatment, the man's behavioral disorders mildly worsened, at which time we re-evaluated him. His cognition was stable, and a positive Venereal Disease Research Laboratory Test confirmed the diagnosis of neurosyphilis. With this case, we demonstrated that in some instances, neurosyphilis can mimic frontotemporal dementia. As a cause of treatable dementia, it should be considered in the differential diagnosis of bvFTD, particularly when psychiatric symptoms and a rapid cognitive decline are noted, even in the presence of brain atrophy and/or hypometabolism.
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13
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Early Successful Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) Therapy for Verbal Memory Impairment in an Adjustment Disorder: A Case Report in a Newly-Diagnosed Multiple Sclerosis Patient. REPORTS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/reports5020017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the immune system affecting the central nervous system. Several phenotypes are possible, and cases usually present with a relapsing-remitting (RR) course with disease onset at a young age. MS diagnosis can represent a traumatic event for the patient, possibly evolving into adjustment disorder (AD). AD is defined by the presence of emotional or behavioral symptoms in response to identifiable stress occurring within the prior three months and similarly to post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) can significantly affect quality of life. Usually, neuropsychological disorders are not associated with AD. Several treatments are available for AD, and among them, eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) is one of the most effective in relieving depression and anxiety. However, little is known about AD and PTSD in the MS population and no data are available on the effectiveness of EMDR for cognitive impairment associated with AD. We describe a 25-year-old patient with RR MS developing an AD with a verbal memory deficit after being diagnosed. Both the psychological and cognitive deficits were diagnosed using an extensive neuropsychological battery. Considering the high impact of the verbal memory deficit, on the patient’s quality of life, an EMDR intervention was planned. After a six-month EMDR intervention performed by two trained neuropsychologists, the patient was retested. There was an improvement in verbal memory tests and depression anxiety scales and the Dissociative Experiences Scale. It is recognized that emotional changes and psychiatric disorders, frequently affect MS patients at diagnosis. It is imperative to recognize this and promptly set a neuropsychological treatment. Moreover, we suggest checking cognition along with depression and anxiety. Finally, to our knowledge, this is the first report of AD with an isolated neuropsychological deficit (verbal memory) developed after the MS diagnosis and treated beneficially with e EMDR. More studies are needed to confirm the efficacy of EMDR in treating cognitive impairment associated with AD in MS patients.
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Hoffman P, MacPherson SE. What determines cognitive estimation ability? Changing contributions of semantic and executive domains as a function of age. J Neuropsychol 2022; 16:481-497. [PMID: 35598102 PMCID: PMC9544445 DOI: 10.1111/jnp.12279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The Cognitive Estimation Test (CET) is commonly used in neuropsychological assessment. It is typically assumed to load on executive functions, although research has shown that CET performance also depends on access to semantic knowledge. It is unknown whether these contributions vary with age. It is important to examine this question as these abilities have divergent life course trajectories: executive functions tend to decline as people age but semantic knowledge continues to accrue. In addition, previous research has not examined potential contributions to CET performance from semantic control abilities, that is cognitive control processes involved specifically in the retrieval and use of semantic information. To address these questions, we investigated cognitive predictors of CET performance in healthy young and older adults. We found that better executive function was associated with more accurate estimation in both age groups. However, the effect of semantic knowledge on CET performance was significantly larger in older people, having no predictive power in the younger group. The ability to detect weak semantic associations, which is thought to index controlled search and retrieval of semantic information, also had divergent effects on CET performance in the two age groups. Our results provide empirical support for the idea that older people are more reliant on semantic knowledge when estimating quantities, which may explain why age‐related decline in CET scores is not typically found. We conclude that deficits on the CET may be indicative either of semantic or executive impairments, particularly in older age groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Hoffman
- School of Philosophy, Psychology & Language Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Sarah E MacPherson
- School of Philosophy, Psychology & Language Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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15
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Pasquale M, Luigi T. Voice-specific proper name anomia (‘phonoanomia’) after bilateral temporal hemorrhagic brain lesions. Cortex 2022; 148:89-98. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2021.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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16
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Scuotto C, Ilardi CR, Avallone F, Maggi G, Ilardi A, Borrelli G, Gamboz N, La Marra M, Perrella R. Objective Knowledge Mediates the Relationship between the Use of Social Media and COVID-19-Related False Memories. Brain Sci 2021; 11:1489. [PMID: 34827488 PMCID: PMC8615822 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11111489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The exposure to relevant social and/or historical events can increase the generation of false memories (FMs). The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is a calamity challenging health, political, and journalistic bodies, with media generating confusion that has facilitated the spread of fake news. In this respect, our study aims at investigating the relationships between memories (true memories, TMs vs. FMs) for COVID-19-related news and different individual variables (i.e., use of traditional and social media, COVID-19 perceived and objective knowledge, fear of the disease, depression and anxiety symptoms, reasoning skills, and coping mechanisms). One hundred and seventy-one university students (131 females) were surveyed. Overall, our results suggested that depression and anxiety symptoms, reasoning skills, and coping mechanisms did not affect the formation of FMs. Conversely, the fear of loved ones contracting the infection was found to be negatively associated with FMs. This finding might be due to an empathy/prosociality-based positive bias boosting memory abilities, also explained by the young age of participants. Furthermore, objective knowledge (i) predicted an increase in TMs and decrease in FMs and (ii) significantly mediated the relationships between the use of social media and development of both TMs and FMs. In particular, higher levels of objective knowledge strengthened the formation of TMs and decreased the development of FMs following use of social media. These results may lead to reconsidering the idea of social media as the main source of fake news. This claim is further supported by either the lack of substantial differences between the use of traditional and social media among participants reporting FMs or the positive association between use of social media and levels of objective knowledge. The knowledge about the topic rather than the type of source would make a difference in the process of memory formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Scuotto
- Department of Psychology, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 81100 Caserta, Italy; (C.S.); (C.R.I.); (G.M.); (G.B.); (R.P.)
| | - Ciro Rosario Ilardi
- Department of Psychology, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 81100 Caserta, Italy; (C.S.); (C.R.I.); (G.M.); (G.B.); (R.P.)
| | - Francesco Avallone
- Department of Family Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3S1Z1, Canada;
| | - Gianpaolo Maggi
- Department of Psychology, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 81100 Caserta, Italy; (C.S.); (C.R.I.); (G.M.); (G.B.); (R.P.)
| | - Alfonso Ilardi
- Inmates Ward, Department of Internal Medicine, Antonio Cardarelli Hospital, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Giovanni Borrelli
- Department of Psychology, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 81100 Caserta, Italy; (C.S.); (C.R.I.); (G.M.); (G.B.); (R.P.)
| | - Nadia Gamboz
- Laboratory of Experimental Psychology, Suor Orsola Benincasa University, 80135 Naples, Italy;
| | - Marco La Marra
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Raffaella Perrella
- Department of Psychology, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 81100 Caserta, Italy; (C.S.); (C.R.I.); (G.M.); (G.B.); (R.P.)
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17
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Nicolini P, Abbate C, Inglese S, Mari D, Rossi PD, Cesari M. Socially desirable responding in geriatric outpatients with and without mild cognitive impairment and its association with the assessment of self-reported mental health. BMC Geriatr 2021; 21:494. [PMID: 34525955 PMCID: PMC8442330 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-021-02435-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Socially desirable responding is a potentially relevant issue in older adults and can be evaluated with the Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability Scale (MCSDS). However, the eight-item MCSDS has never been specifically administered to geriatric subjects, and there is a dearth of literature on the relationship between social desirability and cognitive impairment. Also, the connection between social desirability and subjective measures of psychological well-being is a matter of controversy. This study has three main aims. First, to determine the psychometric properties of the eight-item MCSDS in geriatric outpatients without dementia (i.e. with normal cognition (NC) or mild cognitive impairment (MCI)). Second, to investigate the link between social desirability and cognitive functioning. Third, to determine the association between social desirability and the assessment of self-reported mental health. Methods Community-dwelling outpatients (aged ≥ 65) were consecutively recruited and neuropsychologically tested to diagnose NC or MCI (n = 299). Social desirability was assessed with the eight-item MCSDS. Depressive and anxiety symptoms were measured with the short Geriatric Depression (GDS-s) and the State-Trait Personality Inventory Trait Anxiety (STPI-TA) scales. Results On principal components analysis, the eight-item MCSDS was found to have a multidimensional structure. Of the initial three-component solution, only two subscales had acceptable internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha > 0.6): “Acceptance of responsibility” and “Integrity”. The third subscale (“Kindness towards others”) appeared to gauge two distinct constructs of formal (i.e. politeness) versus substantive (i.e. forgiveness) compassion. On binary logistic regression, only higher income was a significant predictor of formal compassion. Test-retest reliability was substantial to excellent (Gwet’s AC2 ≥ 0.8). There were no meaningful differences in social desirability between the NC and MCI groups. Likewise, negative Spearman’s correlations between social desirability and cognitive Z-scores across the whole sample were weak (rs < |0.3|) and confined to one MCSDS item. Although social desirability was an independent predictor of the STPI-TA score in multiple linear regression, it explained only a marginal amount of incremental variance in anxiety symptoms (less than 2%). Conclusions Our results suggest that social desirability need not be a major concern when using questionnaires to assess mental health in geriatric outpatients without dementia. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12877-021-02435-z.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Nicolini
- Geriatric Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.
| | - Carlo Abbate
- Geriatric Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.,IRCCS Fondazione don Carlo Gnocchi, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Inglese
- Geriatric Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniela Mari
- Geriatric Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.,Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo D Rossi
- Geriatric Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Cesari
- Geriatric Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.,Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
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Rusconi ML, Fusi G, Stampatori C, Suardi A, Pinardi C, Ambrosi C, Costa T, Mattioli F. Developmental Topographical Disorientation With Concurrent Face Recognition Deficit: A Case Report. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:654071. [PMID: 34248701 PMCID: PMC8267524 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.654071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Developmental topographical disorientation (DTD) has been defined as a developmental deficit in human navigational skills in the absence of congenital or acquired brain damage. We report the case of Lost In Space Again (LISA), a 22-year-old woman with a normal development and no clinical history of neurological or psychiatric diseases, evaluated twice, with an interval of 5 years. The magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examination did not reveal any morphological alteration, while diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) showed a structural connectivity deficit (a decreased fractional anisotropy-FA) in the parieto-prefrontal and parieto-premotor pathway. The behavioral assessment showed different deficits in spatial and navigational tasks, which seemed to be connected to a poor ability to form a cognitive map of the environment. Moreover, LISA displayed a poor performance in high-level face encoding and retrieval. The aim of this case report is to share new insight about DTD in order to deepen the knowledge of this specific neurodevelopmental disorder. In conclusion, this novel DTD case (1) supports the hypothesis of the existence of different DTD subtypes; (2) sustains the evidence that DTD can co-occur (or not) with deficit in face recognition; and (3) highlights the need for an in-depth examination from both a neurocognitive and behavioral point of view of a possible common developmental defect between the formation of cognitive maps and the recognition of faces that might be in mental imagery skills. Future directions will be also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Luisa Rusconi
- Department of Human and Social Sciences, University of Bergamo, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Giulia Fusi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | | | - Angelo Suardi
- Department of Human and Social Sciences, University of Bergamo, Bergamo, Italy
| | | | | | - Tommaso Costa
- FOCUS Lab, Department of Psychology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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Basagni B, Luzzatti C, De Tanti A, Bozzetti F, Crisi G, Pinardi C, Errante A, Fogassi L. Some evidence on Gerstmann's syndrome: A case study on a variant of the clinical disorder. Brain Cogn 2021; 148:105679. [PMID: 33477079 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2020.105679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2020] [Revised: 12/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
We describe the case of a bilingual patient with persistent symptoms largely, although not fully, consistent with those that are usually reported in Gerstmann's syndrome. Twenty months after a spontaneous primary intracranial hemorrhage, the patient was evaluated with a series of neuropsychological tasks and underwent an MRI investigation based on Diffusion Tensor Imaging probabilistic tractography. The patient suffered from dysgraphia (difficulty in the access to the graphemic representation of letter forms), autotopoagnosia (difficulties in locating body parts on verbal command), right-left confusion (difficulties in localizing right and left side of symmetrical body parts), and number processing/calculation impairments (predominant difficulties on transcoding tasks). Probabilistic tractography revealed a relatively spared superior longitudinal fasciculus and severe damage to the subcortical white matter connecting the angular gyrus with other parietal regions, such as the intraparietal sulcus and the supramarginal gyrus. Within the framework of the contemporary cognitive accounts of Gerstmann's syndrome, the case supports the assumption of an anatomical intraparietal disconnection more than a functional Grundstörung (core impairment).
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedetta Basagni
- Cardinal Ferrari Rehabilitation Centre, S. Stefano Institute, Fontanellato, Parma, Italy; IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, Florence, Italy.
| | - Claudio Luzzatti
- Department of Psychology, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy; Milan Center for Neuroscience, Milan, Italy
| | - Antonio De Tanti
- Cardinal Ferrari Rehabilitation Centre, S. Stefano Institute, Fontanellato, Parma, Italy
| | - Francesca Bozzetti
- Neuroradiology Unit, Department of Diagnostic, Hospital and University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Girolamo Crisi
- Neuroradiology Unit, Department of Diagnostic, Hospital and University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Chiara Pinardi
- Neuroradiology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy; Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Antonino Errante
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Leonardo Fogassi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
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20
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Castelnovo V, Canu E, Calderaro D, Riva N, Poletti B, Basaia S, Solca F, Silani V, Filippi M, Agosta F. Progression of brain functional connectivity and frontal cognitive dysfunction in ALS. Neuroimage Clin 2020; 28:102509. [PMID: 33395998 PMCID: PMC7708866 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2020.102509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the progression of resting-state functional connectivity (rs-FC) changes in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and their relationship with frontal cognitive alterations. METHODS This is a multicentre, observational and longitudinal study. At baseline and after six months, 25 ALS patients underwent 3D T1-weighted MRI, resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI), and the computerized Test of Attentional Performance (TAP). Using independent component analysis, rs-FC changes of brain networks involving connections to frontal lobes and their relationship with baseline cognitive scores and cognitive changes over time were assessed. With a seed-based approach, rs-FC longitudinal changes of the middle frontal gyrus (MFG) were also explored. RESULTS After six months, ALS patients showed an increased rs-FC of the left anterior cingulate, left middle frontal gyrus (MFG) and left superior frontal gyrus within the frontostriatal network, and of the left MFG, left supramarginal gyrus and right angular gyrus within the left frontoparietal network. Within the frontostriatal network, a worse baseline performance at TAP divided attention task was associated with an increased rs-FC over time in the left MFG and a worse baseline performance at the category fluency index was related with increased rs-FC over time in the left frontal superior gyrus. After six months, the seed-based rs-FC analysis of the MFG with the whole brain showed decreased rs-FC of the right MFG with frontoparietal regions in patients compared to controls. CONCLUSIONS Rs-FC changes in ALS patients progressed over time within the frontostriatal and the frontoparietal networks and are related to frontal-executive dysfunction. The MFG seems a potential core region in the framework of a frontoparietal functional breakdown, which is typical of frontotemporal lobar degeneration. These findings offer new potential markers for monitoring extra-motor progression in ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Castelnovo
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisa Canu
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Davide Calderaro
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Nilo Riva
- Neurology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Barbara Poletti
- Department of Neurology and Laboratory of Neuroscience, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Basaia
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Solca
- Department of Neurology and Laboratory of Neuroscience, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Silani
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, "Dino Ferrari" Center, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Massimo Filippi
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Neurology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Neurorehabilitation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Neurophysiology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Agosta
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.
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21
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Basaia S, Agosta F, Cividini C, Trojsi F, Riva N, Spinelli EG, Moglia C, Femiano C, Castelnovo V, Canu E, Falzone Y, Monsurrò MR, Falini A, Chiò A, Tedeschi G, Filippi M. Structural and functional brain connectome in motor neuron diseases: A multicenter MRI study. Neurology 2020; 95:e2552-e2564. [PMID: 32913015 PMCID: PMC7682834 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000010731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate structural and functional neural organization in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), primary lateral sclerosis (PLS), and progressive muscular atrophy (PMA). METHODS A total of 173 patients with sporadic ALS, 38 patients with PLS, 28 patients with PMA, and 79 healthy controls were recruited from 3 Italian centers. Participants underwent clinical, neuropsychological, and brain MRI evaluations. Using graph analysis and connectomics, global and lobar topologic network properties and regional structural and functional brain connectivity were assessed. The association between structural and functional network organization and clinical and cognitive data was investigated. RESULTS Compared with healthy controls, patients with ALS and patients with PLS showed altered structural global network properties, as well as local topologic alterations and decreased structural connectivity in sensorimotor, basal ganglia, frontal, and parietal areas. Patients with PMA showed preserved global structure. Patient groups did not show significant alterations of functional network topologic properties relative to controls. Increased local functional connectivity was observed in patients with ALS in the precentral, middle, and superior frontal areas, and in patients with PLS in the sensorimotor, basal ganglia, and temporal networks. In patients with ALS and patients with PLS, structural connectivity alterations correlated with motor impairment, whereas functional connectivity disruption was closely related to executive dysfunction and behavioral disturbances. CONCLUSIONS This multicenter study showed widespread motor and extramotor network degeneration in ALS and PLS, suggesting that graph analysis and connectomics might represent a powerful approach to detect upper motor neuron degeneration, extramotor brain changes, and network reorganization associated with the disease. Network-based advanced MRI provides an objective in vivo assessment of motor neuron diseases, delivering potential prognostic markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Basaia
- From the Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, (S.B., F.A., C.C., E.G.S., V.C., E.C., M.F.), Neurorehabilitation Unit (N.R.), Neurology Unit (Y.F., M.F.), Neurophysiology Unit (M.F.), and Department of Neuroradiology and CERMAC (A.F.), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (F.A., C.C., E.G.S., V.C., Y.F., A.F., M.F.), Milan; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (F.T., C.F., M.R.M., G.T.), University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Naples; and ALS Center (C.M., A.C.), "Rita Levi Montalcini" Department of Neuroscience, University of Torino, Italy
| | - Federica Agosta
- From the Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, (S.B., F.A., C.C., E.G.S., V.C., E.C., M.F.), Neurorehabilitation Unit (N.R.), Neurology Unit (Y.F., M.F.), Neurophysiology Unit (M.F.), and Department of Neuroradiology and CERMAC (A.F.), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (F.A., C.C., E.G.S., V.C., Y.F., A.F., M.F.), Milan; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (F.T., C.F., M.R.M., G.T.), University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Naples; and ALS Center (C.M., A.C.), "Rita Levi Montalcini" Department of Neuroscience, University of Torino, Italy
| | - Camilla Cividini
- From the Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, (S.B., F.A., C.C., E.G.S., V.C., E.C., M.F.), Neurorehabilitation Unit (N.R.), Neurology Unit (Y.F., M.F.), Neurophysiology Unit (M.F.), and Department of Neuroradiology and CERMAC (A.F.), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (F.A., C.C., E.G.S., V.C., Y.F., A.F., M.F.), Milan; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (F.T., C.F., M.R.M., G.T.), University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Naples; and ALS Center (C.M., A.C.), "Rita Levi Montalcini" Department of Neuroscience, University of Torino, Italy
| | - Francesca Trojsi
- From the Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, (S.B., F.A., C.C., E.G.S., V.C., E.C., M.F.), Neurorehabilitation Unit (N.R.), Neurology Unit (Y.F., M.F.), Neurophysiology Unit (M.F.), and Department of Neuroradiology and CERMAC (A.F.), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (F.A., C.C., E.G.S., V.C., Y.F., A.F., M.F.), Milan; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (F.T., C.F., M.R.M., G.T.), University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Naples; and ALS Center (C.M., A.C.), "Rita Levi Montalcini" Department of Neuroscience, University of Torino, Italy
| | - Nilo Riva
- From the Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, (S.B., F.A., C.C., E.G.S., V.C., E.C., M.F.), Neurorehabilitation Unit (N.R.), Neurology Unit (Y.F., M.F.), Neurophysiology Unit (M.F.), and Department of Neuroradiology and CERMAC (A.F.), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (F.A., C.C., E.G.S., V.C., Y.F., A.F., M.F.), Milan; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (F.T., C.F., M.R.M., G.T.), University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Naples; and ALS Center (C.M., A.C.), "Rita Levi Montalcini" Department of Neuroscience, University of Torino, Italy
| | - Edoardo G Spinelli
- From the Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, (S.B., F.A., C.C., E.G.S., V.C., E.C., M.F.), Neurorehabilitation Unit (N.R.), Neurology Unit (Y.F., M.F.), Neurophysiology Unit (M.F.), and Department of Neuroradiology and CERMAC (A.F.), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (F.A., C.C., E.G.S., V.C., Y.F., A.F., M.F.), Milan; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (F.T., C.F., M.R.M., G.T.), University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Naples; and ALS Center (C.M., A.C.), "Rita Levi Montalcini" Department of Neuroscience, University of Torino, Italy
| | - Cristina Moglia
- From the Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, (S.B., F.A., C.C., E.G.S., V.C., E.C., M.F.), Neurorehabilitation Unit (N.R.), Neurology Unit (Y.F., M.F.), Neurophysiology Unit (M.F.), and Department of Neuroradiology and CERMAC (A.F.), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (F.A., C.C., E.G.S., V.C., Y.F., A.F., M.F.), Milan; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (F.T., C.F., M.R.M., G.T.), University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Naples; and ALS Center (C.M., A.C.), "Rita Levi Montalcini" Department of Neuroscience, University of Torino, Italy
| | - Cinzia Femiano
- From the Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, (S.B., F.A., C.C., E.G.S., V.C., E.C., M.F.), Neurorehabilitation Unit (N.R.), Neurology Unit (Y.F., M.F.), Neurophysiology Unit (M.F.), and Department of Neuroradiology and CERMAC (A.F.), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (F.A., C.C., E.G.S., V.C., Y.F., A.F., M.F.), Milan; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (F.T., C.F., M.R.M., G.T.), University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Naples; and ALS Center (C.M., A.C.), "Rita Levi Montalcini" Department of Neuroscience, University of Torino, Italy
| | - Veronica Castelnovo
- From the Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, (S.B., F.A., C.C., E.G.S., V.C., E.C., M.F.), Neurorehabilitation Unit (N.R.), Neurology Unit (Y.F., M.F.), Neurophysiology Unit (M.F.), and Department of Neuroradiology and CERMAC (A.F.), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (F.A., C.C., E.G.S., V.C., Y.F., A.F., M.F.), Milan; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (F.T., C.F., M.R.M., G.T.), University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Naples; and ALS Center (C.M., A.C.), "Rita Levi Montalcini" Department of Neuroscience, University of Torino, Italy
| | - Elisa Canu
- From the Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, (S.B., F.A., C.C., E.G.S., V.C., E.C., M.F.), Neurorehabilitation Unit (N.R.), Neurology Unit (Y.F., M.F.), Neurophysiology Unit (M.F.), and Department of Neuroradiology and CERMAC (A.F.), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (F.A., C.C., E.G.S., V.C., Y.F., A.F., M.F.), Milan; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (F.T., C.F., M.R.M., G.T.), University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Naples; and ALS Center (C.M., A.C.), "Rita Levi Montalcini" Department of Neuroscience, University of Torino, Italy
| | - Yuri Falzone
- From the Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, (S.B., F.A., C.C., E.G.S., V.C., E.C., M.F.), Neurorehabilitation Unit (N.R.), Neurology Unit (Y.F., M.F.), Neurophysiology Unit (M.F.), and Department of Neuroradiology and CERMAC (A.F.), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (F.A., C.C., E.G.S., V.C., Y.F., A.F., M.F.), Milan; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (F.T., C.F., M.R.M., G.T.), University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Naples; and ALS Center (C.M., A.C.), "Rita Levi Montalcini" Department of Neuroscience, University of Torino, Italy
| | - Maria Rosaria Monsurrò
- From the Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, (S.B., F.A., C.C., E.G.S., V.C., E.C., M.F.), Neurorehabilitation Unit (N.R.), Neurology Unit (Y.F., M.F.), Neurophysiology Unit (M.F.), and Department of Neuroradiology and CERMAC (A.F.), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (F.A., C.C., E.G.S., V.C., Y.F., A.F., M.F.), Milan; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (F.T., C.F., M.R.M., G.T.), University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Naples; and ALS Center (C.M., A.C.), "Rita Levi Montalcini" Department of Neuroscience, University of Torino, Italy
| | - Andrea Falini
- From the Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, (S.B., F.A., C.C., E.G.S., V.C., E.C., M.F.), Neurorehabilitation Unit (N.R.), Neurology Unit (Y.F., M.F.), Neurophysiology Unit (M.F.), and Department of Neuroradiology and CERMAC (A.F.), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (F.A., C.C., E.G.S., V.C., Y.F., A.F., M.F.), Milan; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (F.T., C.F., M.R.M., G.T.), University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Naples; and ALS Center (C.M., A.C.), "Rita Levi Montalcini" Department of Neuroscience, University of Torino, Italy
| | - Adriano Chiò
- From the Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, (S.B., F.A., C.C., E.G.S., V.C., E.C., M.F.), Neurorehabilitation Unit (N.R.), Neurology Unit (Y.F., M.F.), Neurophysiology Unit (M.F.), and Department of Neuroradiology and CERMAC (A.F.), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (F.A., C.C., E.G.S., V.C., Y.F., A.F., M.F.), Milan; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (F.T., C.F., M.R.M., G.T.), University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Naples; and ALS Center (C.M., A.C.), "Rita Levi Montalcini" Department of Neuroscience, University of Torino, Italy
| | - Gioacchino Tedeschi
- From the Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, (S.B., F.A., C.C., E.G.S., V.C., E.C., M.F.), Neurorehabilitation Unit (N.R.), Neurology Unit (Y.F., M.F.), Neurophysiology Unit (M.F.), and Department of Neuroradiology and CERMAC (A.F.), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (F.A., C.C., E.G.S., V.C., Y.F., A.F., M.F.), Milan; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (F.T., C.F., M.R.M., G.T.), University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Naples; and ALS Center (C.M., A.C.), "Rita Levi Montalcini" Department of Neuroscience, University of Torino, Italy
| | - Massimo Filippi
- From the Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, (S.B., F.A., C.C., E.G.S., V.C., E.C., M.F.), Neurorehabilitation Unit (N.R.), Neurology Unit (Y.F., M.F.), Neurophysiology Unit (M.F.), and Department of Neuroradiology and CERMAC (A.F.), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (F.A., C.C., E.G.S., V.C., Y.F., A.F., M.F.), Milan; Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (F.T., C.F., M.R.M., G.T.), University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Naples; and ALS Center (C.M., A.C.), "Rita Levi Montalcini" Department of Neuroscience, University of Torino, Italy.
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22
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Balzarotti S, Cesana S, Biassoni F, Ciceri MR. Expressive Suppression Within Task-Oriented Dyads: The Moderating Role of Power. EUROPES JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY 2020; 16:561-587. [PMID: 33680199 PMCID: PMC7909490 DOI: 10.5964/ejop.v16i4.1947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Although research has so far consistently revealed that using suppression to regulate emotions has adverse personal and social effects, it has been argued that suppression may be less detrimental within non-close relationships. In the present work, we examined the effects of experimentally induced suppression on expressive behavior, emotional experience, and social outcomes within task-oriented interactions between individuals randomly assigned to high/low vs. equal power positions. Eighty-eight participants were randomly paired with a partner of the same gender (forty-four dyads). After being randomly assigned to one of four experimental conditions created to manipulate suppression use and power, each dyad was asked to complete two problem-solving tasks. The results showed that the participants who were assigned to the subordinate (low-power) role and who used suppression to regulate their emotions reported more negative emotional experience than did individuals assigned to equal-power roles, as well as more inauthenticity and diminished feelings of rapport compared to subordinates who freely expressed their feelings. Moreover, we found that the use of suppression also influenced participants assigned to the manager (high-power) role, as they exhibited less positive behavior, reported less positive experience and lower feelings of rapport when interacting with a partner asked to suppress. When individuals were assigned to equal power roles, the participants instructed to use suppression reported lower levels of positive emotions than did their partners as well as higher feelings of inauthenticity compared to uninstructed participants. Overall, these findings seem to suggest that suppression may impair task-oriented interactions between high/low power individuals more than interactions between individuals sharing equal power.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Balzarotti
- Department of Psychology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Cesana
- Department of Psychology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Biassoni
- Department of Psychology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria R. Ciceri
- Department of Psychology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Milan, Italy
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23
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Pacella V, Scandola M, Beccherle M, Bulgarelli C, Avesani R, Carbognin G, Agostini G, Thiebaut de Schotten M, Moro V. Anosognosia for theory of mind deficits: A single case study and a review of the literature. Neuropsychologia 2020; 148:107641. [PMID: 33058921 PMCID: PMC7116409 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2020.107641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Being aware of one's own ability to interact socially is crucial to everyday life. After a brain injury, patients may lose their capacity to understand others' intentions and beliefs, that is, the Theory of Mind (ToM). To date, the debate on the association between ToM and other cognitive deficits (in particular executive functions and behavioural disorders) remains open and data regarding awareness of ToM deficits are meagre. By means of an ad-hoc neuropsychological battery of tests, we report on a patient who suffers from ToM deficits and is not aware of these disorders, although aware of his other symptoms. The study is accompanied by a review of the literature (PRISMA guidelines) demonstrating that ToM deficits are independent of executive functions. Furthermore, an advanced lesion analysis including tractography was executed. The results indicate that: i) ToM deficits can be specific and independent of other cognitive symptoms; ii) unawareness may be specific for ToM impairment and not involve other disorders and iii) the medial structures of the limbic, monitoring and attentional systems may be involved in anosognosia for ToM impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Pacella
- Social and Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, via dei Marsi 78, 00185, Rome, Italy; NPSY.Lab-VR, Department of Human Sciences, University of Verona, Lungadige Porta Vittoria 17, 37129, Verona, Italy.
| | - Michele Scandola
- NPSY.Lab-VR, Department of Human Sciences, University of Verona, Lungadige Porta Vittoria 17, 37129, Verona, Italy.
| | - Maddalena Beccherle
- Social and Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, via dei Marsi 78, 00185, Rome, Italy; NPSY.Lab-VR, Department of Human Sciences, University of Verona, Lungadige Porta Vittoria 17, 37129, Verona, Italy.
| | - Cristina Bulgarelli
- Department of Rehabilitation, IRCSS Sacro Cuore-Don Calabria Hospital, via Don A. Sempreboni 5, 37024, Negrar, Verona, Italy.
| | - Renato Avesani
- Department of Rehabilitation, IRCSS Sacro Cuore-Don Calabria Hospital, via Don A. Sempreboni 5, 37024, Negrar, Verona, Italy.
| | - Giovanni Carbognin
- Department of Radiology, IRCSS Sacro Cuore-Don Calabria Hospital, via Don A. Sempreboni 5, 37024, GC, Italy.
| | - Giulia Agostini
- NPSY.Lab-VR, Department of Human Sciences, University of Verona, Lungadige Porta Vittoria 17, 37129, Verona, Italy.
| | - Michel Thiebaut de Schotten
- Brain Connectivity and Behaviour Laboratory, Sorbonne Universities, Paris, France; Groupe d'Imagerie Neurofonctionnelle, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives-UMR 5293, CNRS, CEA University of Bordeaux, Rue Léo Saignat 146, 33000, Bordeaux, France.
| | - Valentina Moro
- NPSY.Lab-VR, Department of Human Sciences, University of Verona, Lungadige Porta Vittoria 17, 37129, Verona, Italy.
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24
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On the (lack of) association between theory of mind and executive functions: a study in a non-clinical adult sample. Sci Rep 2020; 10:17283. [PMID: 33057089 PMCID: PMC7560896 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-74476-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated in a sample of non-clinical adults the association between Theory of Mind (ToM) and Executive Functions (EFs), that is the set of skills that allow people to control and modulate lower-level cognitive processes in order to produce appropriate behaviour. To this aim, we assessed both affective (i.e., understanding other people's emotions and feelings) and cognitive (i.e., understanding others' beliefs and intentions) ToM, as well four subcomponents of EFs, that is Updating, Shifting, Inhibition, and Access. The association between ToM and non-verbal fluid intelligence, verbal reasoning, and cognitive estimation abilities was also investigated. Eighty-one healthy participants were recruited, and a set of psychometrically validated tests was administered. Multiple regression analyses were run to assess significant predictors of ToM performance when potentially confounding predictors (sociodemographic variables) were controlled for. Results showed a lack of association between affective/cognitive ToM and EFs, whereas non-verbal fluid intelligence for cognitive ToM and verbal reasoning for affective ToM were found to be significant predictors of ToM performance. These results represent a contribution toward a deeper understanding of the ToM-EFs relationships and highlight the importance of broadening the analysis of these relationships to the role played by other domain-general functions in both affective and cognitive ToM.
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25
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Mazzon G, Ajčević M, Cattaruzza T, Menichelli A, Guerriero M, Capitanio S, Pesavento V, Dore F, Sorbi S, Manganotti P, Marini A. Connected Speech Deficit as an Early Hallmark of CSF-defined Alzheimer's Disease and Correlation with Cerebral Hypoperfusion Pattern. Curr Alzheimer Res 2020; 16:483-494. [PMID: 31057108 DOI: 10.2174/1567205016666190506141733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Revised: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diagnosis of prodromal Alzheimer's disease (AD) still represents a hot topic and there is a growing interest for the detection of early and non-invasive biomarkers. Although progressive episodic memory impairment is the typical predominant feature of AD, communicative difficulties can be already present at the early stages of the disease. OBJECTIVE This study investigated the narrative discourse production deficit as a hallmark of CSFdefined prodromal AD and its correlation with cerebral hypoperfusion pattern. METHODS Narrative assessment with a multilevel procedure for discourse analysis was conducted on 28 subjects with Mild Cognitive Impairment (15 MCI due to AD; 13 MCI non-AD) and 28 healthy controls. The diagnostic workup included CSF AD biomarkers. Cerebral hypoperfusion pattern was identified by SPECT image processing. RESULTS The results showed that the discourse analysis of global coherence and lexical informativeness indexes allowed to identify MCI due to AD from MCI non-AD and healthy subjects. These findings allow to hypothesize that the loss of narrative efficacy could be a possible early clinical hallmark of Alzheimer's disease. Furthermore, a significant correlation of global coherence and lexical informativeness reduction with the SPECT hypoperfusion was found in the dorsal aspect of the anterior part of the left inferior frontal gyrus, supporting the hypothesis that this area has a significant role in communicative efficacy, and in particular, in semantic selection executive control. CONCLUSION This study contributes to the understanding of the neural networks for language processing and their involvement in prodromal Alzheimer's disease. It also suggests an easy and sensitive tool for clinical practice that can help identifying individuals with prodromal Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Mazzon
- Clinical Unit of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University Hospital and Health Services of Trieste, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Miloš Ajčević
- Clinical Unit of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University Hospital and Health Services of Trieste, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy.,NEUROFARBA Department, Neuroscience Section, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Tatiana Cattaruzza
- Clinical Unit of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University Hospital and Health Services of Trieste, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Alina Menichelli
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Neuropsychology Unit, University Hospital and Health Services of Trieste, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Michele Guerriero
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Neuropsychology Unit, University Hospital and Health Services of Trieste, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Selene Capitanio
- Unit of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital and Health Services of Trieste, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Valentina Pesavento
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Neuropsychology Unit, University Hospital and Health Services of Trieste, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Franca Dore
- Unit of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital and Health Services of Trieste, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Sandro Sorbi
- NEUROFARBA Department, Neuroscience Section, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.,IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, Florence, Italy
| | - Paolo Manganotti
- Clinical Unit of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University Hospital and Health Services of Trieste, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Andrea Marini
- Department of Language and Literatures, Communication, Education and Society, University of Udine, Udine, Italy.,Claudiana - Landesfachhochschule für Gesundheitsberufe, Bozen, Italy
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26
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Acquired neurogenic foreign accent syndrome after right-hemisphere lesion with left cerebellar diaschisis: A longitudinal study. Cortex 2020; 130:220-230. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2020.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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27
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Bertoni D, Petraglia F, Basagni B, Pedrazzi G, De Gaetano K, Costantino C, De Tanti A. Cognitive reserve index and functional and cognitive outcomes in severe acquired brain injury: A pilot study. APPLIED NEUROPSYCHOLOGY-ADULT 2020; 29:684-694. [DOI: 10.1080/23279095.2020.1804910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Federica Petraglia
- Rehabilitation Medicine Service, Rehabilitation Geriatrics Department, NHS-University Hospital of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | | | - Giuseppe Pedrazzi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Unit of Neuroscience Interdepartmental Centre of Robust Statistics (Ro.S.A). University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | | | - Cosimo Costantino
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
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28
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Bersano E, Sarnelli MF, Solara V, Iazzolino B, Peotta L, De Marchi F, Facchin A, Moglia C, Canosa A, Calvo A, Chiò A, Mazzini L. Decline of cognitive and behavioral functions in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a longitudinal study. Amyotroph Lateral Scler Frontotemporal Degener 2020; 21:373-379. [PMID: 32484726 DOI: 10.1080/21678421.2020.1771732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Background: A cognitive impairment, ranging from frontotemporal dementia (FTD) to milder forms of dysexecutive or behavioral dysfunction, is detected in 30-50% of patients affected by amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) at diagnosis. Such condition considerably influences the prognosis, and possibly impacts on the decision-making process with regards to end-of-life choices. The aim of our study is to examine the changes of cognitive and behavioral impairment in a large population of ALS from the time of diagnosis to a 6-month follow-up (IQR 5.5-9.0 months), and to examine to what extent the progression of cognitive impairment affects survival time and rate of disease progression.Methods: We recruited 146 ALS patients classified according to revised criteria of ALS and FTD spectrum disorder. In a multidisciplinary setting, during two subsequent visits we examined clinical features with ALSFRS-r score, FVC% and BMI, and cognitive status with an extensive neuropsychological evaluation.Results: At second examination, one-third of patients showed a worsening of cognitive impairment, namely 88% of ALSbi, 27% of ALSci, 40% of ALScbi, and, interestingly, also 24% of cognitive normal ALS developed a significant cognitive dysfunction. We find that those who changed their cognitive status presented a lower ALSFRS-r score at t1 and a shorter survival time compared to those who did not change, regardless of the type of cognitive impairment.Conclusion: We show how cognitive disorders in ALS patients can not only be present at diagnosis, but also manifest during disease and influence the progression of motor deficit and the prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrica Bersano
- ALS Center, Department of Neurology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Maggiore della Carità, Novara, Italy.,3rd Neurology Unit and Motor Neuron Diseases Centre, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Francesca Sarnelli
- ALS Center, Department of Neurology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Maggiore della Carità, Novara, Italy
| | - Valentina Solara
- ALS Center, Department of Neurology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Maggiore della Carità, Novara, Italy
| | - Barbara Iazzolino
- ALS Center, 'Rita Levi Montalcini' Department of Neuroscience, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Laura Peotta
- ALS Center, 'Rita Levi Montalcini' Department of Neuroscience, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Fabiola De Marchi
- ALS Center, Department of Neurology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Maggiore della Carità, Novara, Italy
| | - Alessio Facchin
- Department of Psychology, University of Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Cristina Moglia
- ALS Center, 'Rita Levi Montalcini' Department of Neuroscience, University of Torino, Turin, Italy.,1st Neurology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Antonio Canosa
- ALS Center, 'Rita Levi Montalcini' Department of Neuroscience, University of Torino, Turin, Italy.,1st Neurology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Andrea Calvo
- ALS Center, 'Rita Levi Montalcini' Department of Neuroscience, University of Torino, Turin, Italy.,1st Neurology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Adriano Chiò
- ALS Center, 'Rita Levi Montalcini' Department of Neuroscience, University of Torino, Turin, Italy.,1st Neurology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Letizia Mazzini
- ALS Center, Department of Neurology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Maggiore della Carità, Novara, Italy
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Spinazzola L, Pagliari C, Facchin A, Maravita A. A new clinical evaluation of asomatognosia in right brain damaged patients using visual and reaching tasks. J Clin Exp Neuropsychol 2020; 42:436-449. [PMID: 32380939 DOI: 10.1080/13803395.2020.1757040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The term asomatognosia refers to a unilateral disturbance of body ownership following a cerebrovascular incident. Patients with asomatognosia consider the contralesional limbs as missing or having disappeared from awareness. This neuropsychological disorder modifies body ownership in terms of perceptual experience, visual identification and sense of belonging of contralesional body parts. In the literature, asomatognosia is usually tested by using verbal scales. METHOD In this study, we first developed a new test to assess asomatognosia that includes a visual identification task and a reaching task. We examined 16 healthy participants and 20 right brain damaged patients. The participants were asked to identify, reach and touch their left hand when positioned in peripersonal space, in presence of an extraneous hand (belonging to the examiner). We analyzed how the deficit is modulated by the reciprocal positions in space of the two limbs, the relationship with personal neglect and the anatomical correlate using a Voxel-based Lesion Symptom Mapping (VLSM) analysis with CT data. RESULTS The results show that the asomatognosia cannot be simply considered as one of the many manifestations of personal neglect but should be taken into account as a "productive" disorder characterized by the misidentification of the own hand with an extraneous hand. The VLSM analysis of patients with asomatognosia revealed the involvement of the inferior and middle frontal lobe. CONCLUSIONS The novel task that has been developed in the present study could be used as an objective tool to measure this specific disorder of body ownership or to uncover subclinical conditions of asomatognosia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Spinazzola
- Humanitas Mater Domini Hospital , Castellanza, Italy.,Rehabilitation Department, Neuropsychological Service , Somma Lombardo, Italy
| | - Chiara Pagliari
- IRCCS Maria Nascente, Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi ONLUS , Milano, Italy
| | - Alessio Facchin
- Department of Psychology, University of Milano Bicocca , Milan, Italy.,Institute of Research and Studies in Optics and Optometry , Vinci, Italy
| | - Angelo Maravita
- Department of Psychology, University of Milano Bicocca , Milan, Italy.,Milan Centre for Neuroscience , Milano, Italy
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Momi D, Neri F, Coiro G, Smeralda C, Veniero D, Sprugnoli G, Rossi A, Pascual-Leone A, Rossi S, Santarnecchi E. Cognitive Enhancement via Network-Targeted Cortico-cortical Associative Brain Stimulation. Cereb Cortex 2020; 30:1516-1527. [PMID: 31667497 PMCID: PMC7132941 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhz182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2019] [Revised: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Fluid intelligence (gf) represents a crucial component of human cognition, as it correlates with academic achievement, successful aging, and longevity. However, it has strong resilience against enhancement interventions, making the identification of gf enhancement approaches a key unmet goal of cognitive neuroscience. Here, we applied a spike-timing-dependent plasticity (STDP)-inducing brain stimulation protocol, named cortico-cortical paired associative stimulation (cc-PAS), to modulate gf in 29 healthy young subjects (13 females-mean ± standard deviation, 25.43 years ± 3.69), based on dual-coil transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). Pairs of neuronavigated TMS pulses (10-ms interval) were delivered over two frontoparietal nodes of the gf network, based on individual functional magnetic resonance imaging data and in accordance with cognitive models of information processing across the prefrontal and parietal lobe. cc-PAS enhanced accuracy at gf tasks, with parieto-frontal and fronto-parietal stimulation significantly increasing logical and relational reasoning, respectively. Results suggest the possibility of using SPTD-inducing TMS protocols to causally validate cognitive models by selectively engaging relevant networks and manipulating inter-regional temporal dynamics supporting specific cognitive functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Momi
- Brain Investigation and Neuromodulation Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, Siena School of Medicine, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - F Neri
- Brain Investigation and Neuromodulation Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, Siena School of Medicine, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - G Coiro
- Brain Investigation and Neuromodulation Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, Siena School of Medicine, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - C Smeralda
- Brain Investigation and Neuromodulation Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, Siena School of Medicine, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - D Veniero
- Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology, University of Glasgow, G12 8QQ Glasgow, UK
| | - G Sprugnoli
- Brain Investigation and Neuromodulation Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, Siena School of Medicine, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - A Rossi
- Brain Investigation and Neuromodulation Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, Siena School of Medicine, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - A Pascual-Leone
- Berenson-Allen Center for Noninvasive Brain Stimulation, Division of Cognitive Neurology, Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - S Rossi
- Brain Investigation and Neuromodulation Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, Siena School of Medicine, 53100 Siena, Italy
- Human Physiology Section, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - E Santarnecchi
- Brain Investigation and Neuromodulation Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, Siena School of Medicine, 53100 Siena, Italy
- Berenson-Allen Center for Noninvasive Brain Stimulation, Division of Cognitive Neurology, Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
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Delvecchio G, Rossetti MG, Caletti E, Arighi A, Galimberti D, Basilico P, Mercurio M, Paoli R, Cinnante C, Triulzi F, Altamura AC, Scarpini E, Brambilla P. The Neuroanatomy of Somatoform Disorders: A Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study. PSYCHOSOMATICS 2019; 60:278-288. [DOI: 10.1016/j.psym.2018.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Revised: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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De Marchi F, Sarnelli MF, Solara V, Bersano E, Cantello R, Mazzini L. Depression and risk of cognitive dysfunctions in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Acta Neurol Scand 2019; 139:438-445. [PMID: 30712314 DOI: 10.1111/ane.13073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Revised: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is not only a motor disorder: More than 50% of patients have cognitive dysfunctions over the course of the disease. At the same time, mood disorders may also occur in ALS patients following diagnosis due to the fatal prognosis; however, little data are available on any depression beforehand. Starting from these considerations, the aim of our study was to investigate the occurrence of depression in Italian ALS patients prior to diagnosis, evaluating its prevalence in the subjects who have developed cognitive dysfunctions and in those who did not. MATERIALS AND METHODS We included 318 patients, establishing the presence of depression in the 5 years before ALS diagnosis. Patients underwent a complete battery of neuropsychological tests with the aim to evaluate the executive functions, behavior, language, and memory. RESULTS Before diagnosis, 40 patients with ALS had been diagnosed with depression: Among them, 29 patients had cognitive impairment over the course of the disease and only 11 did not develop any cognitive alteration (OR 1.46; 95% CI: 1.26-1.66, adjusted for sex, age, and disease phenotype, P: 0.038). Moreover, there is a significant difference in survival time between ALS patients with depression before ALS, compared to ALS patients without previous depression (P: 0.006). CONCLUSIONS We reported a high prevalence of depression in the past in patients with ALS and cognitive impairment, as compared to patients without cognitive deficits, showing also that patients with both had a shorter survival time. These aspects require multidisciplinary approach at disease onset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiola De Marchi
- Department of Neurology Maggiore della Carità Hospital, University of Piemonte Orientale Novara Italy
- Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Center Maggiore della Carità Hospital Novara Italy
| | | | - Valentina Solara
- Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Center Maggiore della Carità Hospital Novara Italy
| | - Enrica Bersano
- Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Center Maggiore della Carità Hospital Novara Italy
- 3rd Neurology Unit and Motor Neuron Diseases Centre Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta Milan Italy
| | - Roberto Cantello
- Department of Neurology Maggiore della Carità Hospital, University of Piemonte Orientale Novara Italy
| | - Letizia Mazzini
- Department of Neurology Maggiore della Carità Hospital, University of Piemonte Orientale Novara Italy
- Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Center Maggiore della Carità Hospital Novara Italy
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Spinelli EG, Agosta F, Ferraro PM, Querin G, Riva N, Bertolin C, Martinelli I, Lunetta C, Fontana A, Sorarù G, Filippi M. Brain MRI shows white matter sparing in Kennedy's disease and slow-progressing lower motor neuron disease. Hum Brain Mapp 2019; 40:3102-3112. [PMID: 30924230 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.24583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Revised: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The extent of central nervous system involvement in Kennedy's disease (KD) relative to other motor neuron disease (MND) phenotypes still needs to be clarified. In this study, we investigated cortical and white matter (WM) MRI alterations in 25 patients with KD, compared with 24 healthy subjects, 25 patients with sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and 35 cases with lower motor neuron-predominant disease (LMND). LMND patients were clinically differentiated into 24 fast and 11 slow progressors. Whole-brain cortical thickness, WM tract-based spatial statistics and corticospinal tract (CST) tractography analyses were performed. No significant difference in terms of cortical thickness was found between groups. ALS patients showed widespread decreased fractional anisotropy and increased mean (MD) and radial diffusivity (radD) in the CST, corpus callosum and fronto-temporal extra-motor tracts, compared with healthy controls and other patient groups. CST tractography showed significant alterations of DT MRI metrics in ALS and LMND-fast patients whereas KD and LMND-slow patients were comparable with healthy controls. Our study demonstrated the absence of WM abnormalities in patients with KD and LMND-slow, in contrast with diffuse WM damage in ALS and focal CST degeneration in LMND-fast, supporting the use of DT MRI measures as powerful tools to differentiate fast- and slow-progressing MND syndromes, including KD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edoardo G Spinelli
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.,Department of Neurology, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Agosta
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Pilar M Ferraro
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Giorgia Querin
- Department of Neurosciences, Neuromuscular Center, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Nilo Riva
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Cinzia Bertolin
- Department of Neurosciences, Neuromuscular Center, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Ilaria Martinelli
- Department of Neurosciences, Neuromuscular Center, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Andrea Fontana
- Biostatistics Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Unit of Biostatistics, Foggia, Italy
| | - Gianni Sorarù
- Department of Neurosciences, Neuromuscular Center, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Massimo Filippi
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.,Department of Neurology, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
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Monti C, Sozzi M, Corbo M, Fronda G, Balconi M. Prospective memories and working memory: shared resources or distinct mechanisms? APPLIED NEUROPSYCHOLOGY-ADULT 2019; 27:311-325. [PMID: 30764660 DOI: 10.1080/23279095.2018.1550407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Prospective memory (PM) is a complex process involving multiple cognitive abilities. Several studies demonstrated the role of working memory (WM) in PM. However, to date, the extent to which PM and WM shared resources or, rather, they are distinct mechanisms is still debated. With the aim to investigate the role of WM in PM, we developed two experiments manipulating the WM load required by ongoing tasks to examine a patient with PM difficulties and dysexecutive syndrome following brain damage. Experiment 1 required a simple arithmetic activity together with a PM switching-task to be performed at a given time (time-based condition) or following cue presentation (event-based condition). In Experiment 2, we varied the complexity of the ongoing task (PASAT test). Patient MB's performance in PM tasks significantly differs from the controls only in the PASAT time-based condition. We demonstrated a partial independence between WM and PM in tasks involving automatic retrieval.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Monti
- Department of Neurorehabilitation Sciences, Casa di Cura del Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Sozzi
- Department of Neurorehabilitation Sciences, Casa di Cura del Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo Corbo
- Department of Neurorehabilitation Sciences, Casa di Cura del Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Fronda
- Research Unit in Affective and Social Neuroscience, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Milan, Italy.,Department of Psychology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Milan, Italy
| | - Michela Balconi
- Research Unit in Affective and Social Neuroscience, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Milan, Italy.,Department of Psychology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Milan, Italy
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Abbate C, Trimarchi PD, Manzoni L, Quarenghi AM, Salvi GP, Inglese S, Giunco F, Bagarolo R, Mari D, Arosio B. A posterior variant of corticobasal syndrome: Evidence from a longitudinal study of cognitive and functional status in a single case. COGENT PSYCHOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/23311908.2018.1452868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Abbate
- Geriatric Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, via Pace 9, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Pietro Davide Trimarchi
- Alzheimer’s Assessment Unit, S. Maria Nascente, Fondazione IRCCS Don Carlo Gnocchi, via Alfonso Capecelatro 66, 20148 Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Manzoni
- Istituto Clinico Quarenghi, via San Carlo 70, 24016 San Pellegrino Terme, Italy
| | | | - Gian Pietro Salvi
- Istituto Clinico Quarenghi, via San Carlo 70, 24016 San Pellegrino Terme, Italy
| | - Silvia Inglese
- Geriatric Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, via Pace 9, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Giunco
- Alzheimer’s Assessment Unit, S. Maria Nascente, Fondazione IRCCS Don Carlo Gnocchi, via Alfonso Capecelatro 66, 20148 Milan, Italy
| | - Renzo Bagarolo
- Alzheimer’s Assessment Unit, S. Maria Nascente, Fondazione IRCCS Don Carlo Gnocchi, via Alfonso Capecelatro 66, 20148 Milan, Italy
| | - Daniela Mari
- Department of Medical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, via Francesco Sforza 35, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Beatrice Arosio
- Geriatric Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, via Pace 9, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Department of Medical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, via Francesco Sforza 35, 20122 Milan, Italy
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Moral Judgment: An Overlooked Deficient Domain in Multiple Sclerosis? Behav Sci (Basel) 2018; 8:bs8110105. [PMID: 30453483 PMCID: PMC6262463 DOI: 10.3390/bs8110105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Revised: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory and neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system through which patients can suffer from sensory, motor, cerebellar, emotional, and cognitive symptoms. Although cognitive and behavioral dysfunctions are frequently encountered in MS patients, they have previously received little attention. Among the most frequently impaired cognitive domains are attention, information processing speed, and working memory, which have been extensively addressed in this population. However, less emphasis has been placed on other domains like moral judgment. The latter is a complex cognitive sphere that implies the individuals’ ability to judge others’ actions and relies on numerous affective and cognitive processes. Moral cognition is crucial for healthy and adequate interpersonal relationships, and its alteration might have drastic impacts on patients’ quality of life. This work aims to analyze the studies that have addressed moral cognition in MS. Only three works have previously addressed moral judgement in this clinical population compared to healthy controls, and none included neuroimaging or physiological measures. Although scarce, the available data suggest a complex pattern of moral judgments that deviate from normal response. This finding was accompanied by socio-emotional and cognitive deficits. Only preliminary data are available on moral cognition in MS, and its neurobiological foundations are still needing to be explored. Future studies would benefit from combining moral cognitive measures with comprehensive neuropsychological batteries and neuroimaging/neurophysiological modalities (e.g., functional magnetic resonance imaging, tractography, evoked potentials, electroencephalography) aiming to decipher the neural underpinning of moral judgement deficits and subsequently conceive potential interventions in MS patients.
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Cipolotti L, MacPherson SE, Gharooni S, van-Harskamp N, Shallice T, Chan E, Nachev P. Cognitive estimation: Performance of patients with focal frontal and posterior lesions. Neuropsychologia 2018; 115:70-77. [PMID: 28811256 PMCID: PMC6018564 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2017.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Revised: 08/02/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The Cognitive Estimation Test (CET) is a widely used test to investigate estimation abilities requiring complex processes such as reasoning, the development and application of appropriate strategies, response plausibility checking as well as general knowledge and numeracy (e.g., Shallice and Evans, 1978; MacPherson et al., 2014). Thus far, it remains unknown whether the CET is both sensitive and specific to frontal lobe dysfunction. Neuroimaging techniques may not represent a useful methodology for answering this question since the complex processes involved are likely to be associated with a large network of brain regions, some of which are not functionally necessary to successfully carry out the CET. Instead, neuropsychological studies may represent a more promising investigation tool for identifying the brain areas necessary for CET performance. We recently developed two new versions of the CET (CET-A and CET-B; MacPherson et al., 2014). We investigated the overall performance and conducted an error analysis on CET-A in patients with focal, unilateral, frontal (n = 38) or posterior (n = 22) lesions and healthy controls (n = 39). We found that frontal patients' performance was impaired compared to healthy controls on CET. We also found that frontal patients generated significantly poorer estimates than posterior patients on CET-A. This could not be explained by impairments in fluid intelligence. The error analyses suggested that for CET-A, extreme and very extreme responses are impaired following frontal lobe damage. However, only very extreme responses are significantly more impaired following frontal lobe than posterior damage and so represent a measure restricted to frontal "executive" impairment, in addition to overall CET performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Cipolotti
- Department of Neuropsychology, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK; Dipartimento di Scienze Psicologiche, Pedagogiche e della Formazione, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
| | - Sarah E MacPherson
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK; Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Sara Gharooni
- Department of Neuropsychology, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK
| | - Natasja van-Harskamp
- Department of Neuropsychology, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK
| | - Tim Shallice
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, UK; International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA-ISAS), Trieste, Italy
| | - Edgar Chan
- Department of Neuropsychology, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK
| | - Parashkev Nachev
- Institute of Neurology, UCL, UK & National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK
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Realmuto S, Dodich A, Meli R, Canessa N, Ragonese P, Salemi G, Cerami C. Moral Cognition and Multiple Sclerosis: A Neuropsychological Study. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2018; 34:319-326. [DOI: 10.1093/arclin/acy047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Revised: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Realmuto
- Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neuroscience Department (BioNeC), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Alessandra Dodich
- Clinical Neuroscience Department, San Raffaele Hospital and Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Riccardo Meli
- Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neuroscience Department (BioNeC), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Nicola Canessa
- NEtS Center, Istituto Universitario di Studi Superiori, Pavia, Italy
| | - Paolo Ragonese
- Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neuroscience Department (BioNeC), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Salemi
- Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neuroscience Department (BioNeC), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Chiara Cerami
- Clinical Neuroscience Department, San Raffaele Hospital and Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
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Profiling Online Poker Players: Are Executive Functions Correlated with Poker Ability and Problem Gambling? J Gambl Stud 2018; 34:823-851. [PMID: 29330827 DOI: 10.1007/s10899-017-9741-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Poker playing and responsible gambling both entail the use of the executive functions (EF), which are higher-level cognitive abilities. This study investigated if online poker players of different ability showed different performances in their EF and if so, which functions were the most discriminating for their playing ability. Furthermore, it assessed if the EF performance was correlated to the quality of gambling, according to self-reported questionnaires (PGSI, SOGS, GRCS). Three poker experts evaluated anonymized poker hand history files and, then, a trained professional administered an extensive neuropsychological test battery. Data analysis determined which variables of the tests correlated with poker ability and gambling quality scores. The highest correlations between EF test results and poker ability and between EF test results and gambling quality assessment showed that mostly different clusters of executive functions characterize the profile of the strong(er) poker player and those ones of the problem gamblers (PGSI and SOGS) and the one of the cognitions related to gambling (GRCS). Taking into consideration only the variables overlapping between PGSI and SOGS, we found some key predictive factors for a more risky and harmful online poker playing: a lower performance in the emotional intelligence competences (Emotional Quotient inventory Short) and, in particular, those grouped in the Intrapersonal scale (emotional self-awareness, assertiveness, self-regard, independence and self-actualization).
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Repetitive thought is associated with both subjectively and objectively recorded polysomnographic indices of disrupted sleep in insomnia disorder. Sleep Med 2017; 45:55-61. [PMID: 29680429 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2017.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Revised: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Repetitive thought is a hallmark of several psychopathological conditions and in particular a perpetuating and maintaining factor in Insomnia Disorder. Accordingly, one of the primary complaints reported by Insomnia patients is the inability to shut-off or control thoughts. Worry and rumination are the two best-known styles of repetitive thought leading to sleep disturbances. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship of these two cognitive processes on nocturnal sleep indices objectively recorded by polysomnography. METHODS 27 Insomnia patients and 20 healthy controls matched for sex and age were recruited and completed a comprehensive assessment aimed to evaluate sleep quality, excessive daytime sleepiness, insomnia severity, worry, rumination, depressive and anxious symptomatology, and the ability to produce reasonable cognitive estimates. Sleep diaries indices and polysomnographic recordings were evaluated. RESULTS Insomnia patients showed increased levels of worry and rumination in comparison to controls. Our polysomnographic study revealed that these two different types of repetitive thoughts were significantly associated with objective sleep variables. In particular, heightened worry levels were related to an augmented wake after sleep onset and diminished total sleep time, sleep efficiency and percentage of REM sleep, whereas rumination was associated with an increase of sleep latency and a decrement of sleep efficiency. However, after controlling for anxiety and depressive symptoms only worry maintained a significant relationship with polysomnographic variables. Remarkably, repetitive thoughts did not correlate with microstructural REM sleep features and quantitative EEG analysis. CONCLUSION Our study indicates the existence of a significant relationship between daytime levels of repetitive thought and sleep, thus corroborating the hypothesis of an interplay between cognitive and nocturnal electrophysiological activity in insomniacs.
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Fortune DG, Richards HL. Assessing Cognitive Estimation and Its Effects on Community Integration in People with Acquired Brain Injury Undergoing Rehabilitation. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:2874819. [PMID: 28815180 PMCID: PMC5549505 DOI: 10.1155/2017/2874819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2017] [Revised: 05/25/2017] [Accepted: 06/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to examine the convergent and divergent validity of the Biber Cognitive Estimation Test (BCET) in individuals with ABI undergoing postacute rehabilitation and to assess the measure's ability to account for unique variance in community integration following rehabilitation. Participants with ABI referred for postacute rehabilitation (N = 201) were assessed on the BCET and a number of other neuropsychological tests that have been demonstrated to rely on aspects of executive processing (Trail-Making Test, Modified Six Elements Test, and verbal fluency measures) and the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS). Internal consistency of the total BCET was good; however, interpretable solutions for existing subscales were not discerned. The BCET total score demonstrated positive associations with tests of executive functioning; however, it was also significantly associated with more general aspects of neuropsychological functioning suggesting that it does not solely assess executive processes in ABI patients undergoing rehabilitation. Hierarchical multiple regression suggested that the BCET accounted for significant additional variance in community integration after severity of disability, executive functioning, and more general aspects of neuropsychological status were statistically controlled. While the subscale structure of the BCET may be somewhat inconsistent, the total scale score accounts for some unique variance in pragmatic rehabilitation outcome and may be a useful tool in postacute rehabilitation assessment protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dónal G. Fortune
- Department of Psychology, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
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Agosta F, Ferraro PM, Riva N, Spinelli EG, Domi T, Carrera P, Copetti M, Falzone Y, Ferrari M, Lunetta C, Comi G, Falini A, Quattrini A, Filippi M. Structural and functional brain signatures of C9orf72 in motor neuron disease. Neurobiol Aging 2017; 57:206-219. [PMID: 28666709 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2017.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2016] [Revised: 05/29/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging abnormalities in hexanucleotide repeat expansion in chromosome 9 open reading frame 72 (C9orf72) motor neuron disease (MND) relative to disease severity-matched sporadic MND cases. We enrolled 19 C9orf72 and 67 disease severity-matched sporadic MND patients, and 22 controls. Sporadic cases were grouped in patients with: no cognitive/behavioral deficits (sporadic-motor); same patterns of cognitive/behavioral impairment as C9orf72 cases (sporadic-cognitive); shorter disease duration versus other sporadic groups (sporadic-early). C9orf72 patients showed cerebellar and thalamic atrophy versus all sporadic cases. All MND patients showed motor, frontal, and temporoparietal cortical thinning and motor and extramotor white matter damage versus controls, independent of genotype and presence of cognitive impairment. Compared with sporadic-early, C9orf72 patients revealed an occipital cortical thinning. C9orf72 patients had enhanced visual network functional connectivity versus sporadic-motor and sporadic-early cases. Structural cerebellar and thalamic damage and posterior cortical alterations are the brain magnetic resonance imaging signatures of C9orf72 MND. Frontotemporal cortical and widespread white matter involvement are likely to be an effect of the disease evolution rather than a C9orf72 marker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Agosta
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Pilar M Ferraro
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Nilo Riva
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Neuropathology Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Edoardo Gioele Spinelli
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurology, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Teuta Domi
- Neuropathology Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Carrera
- Laboratory of Clinical Molecular Biology and Cytogenetics, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, Unit of Genomics for Human Disease Diagnosis, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Copetti
- Biostatistics Unit, IRCCS-Ospedale Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Foggia, Italy
| | - Yuri Falzone
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Maurizio Ferrari
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy; Laboratory of Clinical Molecular Biology and Cytogenetics, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, Unit of Genomics for Human Disease Diagnosis, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Giancarlo Comi
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Falini
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy; Department of Neuroradiology, Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Angelo Quattrini
- Neuropathology Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo Filippi
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurology, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.
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Resting state brain connectivity patterns before eventual relapse into cocaine abuse. Behav Brain Res 2017; 327:121-132. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2017.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2016] [Revised: 12/27/2016] [Accepted: 01/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Silverman S, Ashkenazi S. Deconstructing the Cognitive Estimation Task: A Developmental Examination and Intra-Task Contrast. Sci Rep 2016; 6:39316. [PMID: 27991553 PMCID: PMC5171918 DOI: 10.1038/srep39316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2016] [Accepted: 11/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The cognitive estimation task (CET) requires participants to answer estimation questions that lack definitive answers. Few studies examine CET performance in healthy populations, and even fewer in children. Previous research has not considered differences between categories within the CET. The categories differ in their reliance on units of measurement, which is significant when examining CET performance in children due to educational factors. The goal of the study was to examine CET performance in 10 and 12 year-old children and contrast the CET categories. We found a developmental effect in overall CET performance: children’s performance was more extreme than adults but no differences were found between the groups of children. Examination of the CET categories revealed differential developmental trajectories: the children’s scores were more extreme in weight and time, while comparable to adults in quantity. We conclude that CET questions that require application of units of measurement are more difficult for childern due to higher involvement of executive functions, and children have less experience applying them in daily life. The CET is not a unified construct and has the potential to shed light on how children acquire an understanding of magnitudes and units of measurement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarit Silverman
- Learning Disabilities Program, The Seymour Fox School of Education, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Mount Scopus Jerusalem 91905, Israel
| | - Sarit Ashkenazi
- Learning Disabilities Program, The Seymour Fox School of Education, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Mount Scopus Jerusalem 91905, Israel
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Renier M, Gnoato F, Tessari A, Formilan M, Busonera F, Albanese P, Sartori G, Cester A. A correlational study between signature, writing abilities and decision-making capacity among people with initial cognitive impairment. Aging Clin Exp Res 2016; 28:505-11. [PMID: 26936371 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-016-0549-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Some clinical conditions, including dementia, compromise cognitive functions involved in decision-making processes, with repercussions on the ability to subscribe a will. Because of the increasing number of aged people with cognitive impairment there is an acute and growing need for decision-making capacity evidence-based assessment. AIMS Our study investigates the relationship between writing abilities and cognitive integrity to see if it is possible to make inferences on decision-making capacity through handwriting analysis. We also investigated the relationship between signature ability and cognitive integrity. METHODS Thirty-six participants with diagnosis of MCI and 38 participants with diagnosis of initial dementia were recruited. For each subject we collected two samples of signature-an actual and a previous one-and an extract of spontaneous writing. Furthermore, we administered a neuropsychological battery to investigate cognitive functions involved in decision-making. RESULTS We found significant correlations between spontaneous writing indexes and neuropsychological test results. Nonetheless, the index of signature deterioration does not correlate with the level of cognitive decline. DISCUSSION Our results suggest that a careful analysis of spontaneous writing can be useful to make inferences on decision-making capacity, whereas great caution should be taken in attributing validity to handwritten signature of subjects with MCI or dementia. CONCLUSIONS The analysis of spontaneous writing can be a reliable aid in cases of retrospective evaluation of cognitive integrity. On the other side, the ability to sign is not an index of cognitive integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Renier
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padua, Via Venezia 8, 35131, Padova, Italy.
- Department of Medicine Organization Geriatric Unit 2, Center for Brain Aging and Alzheimer Evaluation Unit, Via XXIX Aprile, 30031, Dolo, Venezia, Italy.
| | - F Gnoato
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padua, Via Venezia 8, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - A Tessari
- Department of Medicine Organization Geriatric Unit 2, Center for Brain Aging and Alzheimer Evaluation Unit, Via XXIX Aprile, 30031, Dolo, Venezia, Italy
| | - M Formilan
- Department of Medicine Organization Geriatric Unit 2, Center for Brain Aging and Alzheimer Evaluation Unit, Via XXIX Aprile, 30031, Dolo, Venezia, Italy
| | - F Busonera
- Department of Medicine Organization Geriatric Unit 2, Center for Brain Aging and Alzheimer Evaluation Unit, Via XXIX Aprile, 30031, Dolo, Venezia, Italy
| | - P Albanese
- Department of Medicine Organization Geriatric Unit 2, Center for Brain Aging and Alzheimer Evaluation Unit, Via XXIX Aprile, 30031, Dolo, Venezia, Italy
| | - G Sartori
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padua, Via Venezia 8, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - A Cester
- Department of Medicine Organization Geriatric Unit 2, Center for Brain Aging and Alzheimer Evaluation Unit, Via XXIX Aprile, 30031, Dolo, Venezia, Italy
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Spinelli EG, Agosta F, Ferraro PM, Riva N, Lunetta C, Falzone YM, Comi G, Falini A, Filippi M. Brain MR Imaging in Patients with Lower Motor Neuron-Predominant Disease. Radiology 2016; 280:545-56. [PMID: 26963576 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.2016151846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Purpose To investigate the patterns of cortical thinning and white matter tract damage in patients with lower motor neuron (LMN)-predominant disease compared with healthy control subjects and those with classic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and to evaluate the relationship between brain structural changes and clinical and cognitive features in these patients. Materials and Methods This study was approved by the local ethical committee, and written informed consent was obtained from all subjects before enrollment. Twenty-eight patients with LMN-predominant disease were compared with 55 patients with ALS and 56 healthy control subjects. Patients underwent a clinical and neuropsychological assessment and T1-weighted and diffusion-tensor magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. Surface-based morphometry was used to assess cortical thickness. Tract-based spatial statistics and tractography were used to study white matter tract damage. Results Patients with LMN-predominant disease did not show differences compared with healthy control subjects in cortical thickness and diffusion-tensor MR imaging metrics. Patients with ALS showed cortical thinning of the motor-related cortices and a distributed involvement of the prefrontal, temporal, and parietal gyri (P < .05, false discovery rate corrected). Patients with ALS also showed white matter damage along motor and extramotor tracts compared with control subjects and patients with LMN-predominant disease (tract-based spatial statistics: P < .05, family-wise error corrected; tractography: P values < .001 to .05, false discovery rate corrected). In patients with LMN-predominant disease, cognitive deficits correlated with alterations in diffusivity in the left cingulum (r = -0.66, P = .01) and superior longitudinal fasciculus (r = -0.65, P = .05). Conclusion Motor and extramotor cortical thinning and diffusion-tensor MR imaging alterations were specific for motor neuron disease phenotypes, with clinically overt upper motor neuron involvement. However, the lack of significant differences in cortical thickness between subjects with LMN-predominant disease and those with ALS and cognitive deficits associated with alterations in diffusivity in patients with LMN-predominant disease suggest that investigating brain structural and microstructural MR imaging features may provide markers of central nervous system damage in patients with rare motor neuron disease. (©) RSNA, 2016 Online supplemental material is available for this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edoardo G Spinelli
- From the Neuroimaging Research Unit (E.G.S., F.A., P.M.F., M.F.), Department of Neurology, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience (E.G.S., N.R., Y.F., G.C., M.F.), and Department of Neuroradiology and CERMAC (A.F.), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milan, Italy; and NEuroMuscular Omnicenter, Serena Onlus Foundation, Milan, Italy (C.L.)
| | - Federica Agosta
- From the Neuroimaging Research Unit (E.G.S., F.A., P.M.F., M.F.), Department of Neurology, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience (E.G.S., N.R., Y.F., G.C., M.F.), and Department of Neuroradiology and CERMAC (A.F.), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milan, Italy; and NEuroMuscular Omnicenter, Serena Onlus Foundation, Milan, Italy (C.L.)
| | - Pilar M Ferraro
- From the Neuroimaging Research Unit (E.G.S., F.A., P.M.F., M.F.), Department of Neurology, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience (E.G.S., N.R., Y.F., G.C., M.F.), and Department of Neuroradiology and CERMAC (A.F.), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milan, Italy; and NEuroMuscular Omnicenter, Serena Onlus Foundation, Milan, Italy (C.L.)
| | - Nilo Riva
- From the Neuroimaging Research Unit (E.G.S., F.A., P.M.F., M.F.), Department of Neurology, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience (E.G.S., N.R., Y.F., G.C., M.F.), and Department of Neuroradiology and CERMAC (A.F.), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milan, Italy; and NEuroMuscular Omnicenter, Serena Onlus Foundation, Milan, Italy (C.L.)
| | - Christian Lunetta
- From the Neuroimaging Research Unit (E.G.S., F.A., P.M.F., M.F.), Department of Neurology, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience (E.G.S., N.R., Y.F., G.C., M.F.), and Department of Neuroradiology and CERMAC (A.F.), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milan, Italy; and NEuroMuscular Omnicenter, Serena Onlus Foundation, Milan, Italy (C.L.)
| | - Yuri M Falzone
- From the Neuroimaging Research Unit (E.G.S., F.A., P.M.F., M.F.), Department of Neurology, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience (E.G.S., N.R., Y.F., G.C., M.F.), and Department of Neuroradiology and CERMAC (A.F.), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milan, Italy; and NEuroMuscular Omnicenter, Serena Onlus Foundation, Milan, Italy (C.L.)
| | - Giancarlo Comi
- From the Neuroimaging Research Unit (E.G.S., F.A., P.M.F., M.F.), Department of Neurology, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience (E.G.S., N.R., Y.F., G.C., M.F.), and Department of Neuroradiology and CERMAC (A.F.), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milan, Italy; and NEuroMuscular Omnicenter, Serena Onlus Foundation, Milan, Italy (C.L.)
| | - Andrea Falini
- From the Neuroimaging Research Unit (E.G.S., F.A., P.M.F., M.F.), Department of Neurology, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience (E.G.S., N.R., Y.F., G.C., M.F.), and Department of Neuroradiology and CERMAC (A.F.), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milan, Italy; and NEuroMuscular Omnicenter, Serena Onlus Foundation, Milan, Italy (C.L.)
| | - Massimo Filippi
- From the Neuroimaging Research Unit (E.G.S., F.A., P.M.F., M.F.), Department of Neurology, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience (E.G.S., N.R., Y.F., G.C., M.F.), and Department of Neuroradiology and CERMAC (A.F.), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milan, Italy; and NEuroMuscular Omnicenter, Serena Onlus Foundation, Milan, Italy (C.L.)
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Agosta F, Ferraro PM, Riva N, Spinelli EG, Chiò A, Canu E, Valsasina P, Lunetta C, Iannaccone S, Copetti M, Prudente E, Comi G, Falini A, Filippi M. Structural brain correlates of cognitive and behavioral impairment in MND. Hum Brain Mapp 2016; 37:1614-26. [PMID: 26833930 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.23124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2015] [Revised: 12/23/2015] [Accepted: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the structural correlates of cognitive and behavioral impairment in motor neuron diseases (MND) using multimodal MRI. METHODS One hundred one patients with sporadic MND (56 classic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, 31 upper motor neuron phenotype, and 14 lower motor neuron phenotype) and 51 controls were enrolled. Patients were classified into MND with a pure motor syndrome (MND-motor) and with cognitive/behavioral symptoms (MND-plus). Cortical thickness measures and diffusion tensor (DT) metrics of white matter (WM) tracts were assessed. A random forest approach was used to explore the independent role of cortical and WM abnormalities in explaining major cognitive and behavioral symptoms. RESULTS There were 48 MND-motor and 53 MND-plus patients. Relative to controls, both patient groups showed a distributed cortical thinning of the bilateral precentral gyrus, insular and cingulate cortices, and frontotemporal regions. In all regions, there was a trend toward a more severe involvement in MND-plus cases, particularly in the temporal lobes. Both patient groups showed damage to the motor callosal fibers, which was more severe in MND-plus. MND-plus patients also showed a more severe involvement of the extra-motor WM tracts. The best predictors of executive and non-executive deficits and behavioral symptoms in MND were diffusivity abnormalities of the corpus callosum and frontotemporal tracts, including the uncinate, cingulum, and superior longitudinal fasciculi. CONCLUSIONS Cortical thinning and WM degeneration are highly associated with neuropsychological and behavioral symptoms in patients with MND. DT MRI metrics seem to be the most sensitive markers of extra-motor deficits within the MND spectrum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Agosta
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Pilar M Ferraro
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Nilo Riva
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Edoardo G Spinelli
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.,Department of Neurology, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Adriano Chiò
- 'Rita Levi Montalcini' Department of Neuroscience, ALS Center, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Elisa Canu
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Valsasina
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Sandro Iannaccone
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Copetti
- Biostatistics Unit, IRCCS-Ospedale Casa Sollievo Della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Evelina Prudente
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.,Department of Neuroradiology and CERMAC, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Comi
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Falini
- Serena Onlus Foundation, NEuroMuscular Omnicenter, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo Filippi
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.,Department of Neurology, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
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Berlingeri M, Ravasio A, Cranna S, Basilico S, Sberna M, Bottini G, Paulesu E. Unrealistic representations of “the self”: A cognitive neuroscience assessment of anosognosia for memory deficit. Conscious Cogn 2015; 37:160-77. [DOI: 10.1016/j.concog.2015.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2014] [Revised: 06/09/2015] [Accepted: 08/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Scarpina F, D'Aniello GE, Mauro A, Castelnuovo G, MacPherson SE. How many segments are there in an orange: normative data for the new Cognitive Estimation Task in an Italian population. Neurol Sci 2015; 36:1889-95. [PMID: 26067453 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-015-2276-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2014] [Accepted: 06/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The Cognitive Estimation Test (CET) is widely used by clinicians to assess frontal executive dysfunction. In the present work, the Italian standardization of a new version of the CET is provided. This version consists of two 9-item parallel forms (A and B) that were administered to two hundred and twenty-seven healthy Italian male and female participants aged between 19 and 91 years with 5-24 years of full-time education. Performance on the CET was not related to age or level of education; both forms showed a male CET advantage. The new CET is a useful tool for clinicians and researchers to administer the CET more than once without practice effects, which is considered important when assessing frontal executive abilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Scarpina
- Psychology Research Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Ospedale San Giuseppe, Via Cadorna 90, 28824, Piancavallo, Oggebbio, VCO, Italy.
- "Rita Levi Montalcini" Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.
| | - Guido E D'Aniello
- Psychology Research Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Ospedale San Giuseppe, Via Cadorna 90, 28824, Piancavallo, Oggebbio, VCO, Italy
| | - Alessandro Mauro
- "Rita Levi Montalcini" Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- Division of Neurology and Neuro-Rehabilitation, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Ospedale San Giuseppe, Piancavallo, VCO, Italy
| | - Gianluca Castelnuovo
- Psychology Research Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Ospedale San Giuseppe, Via Cadorna 90, 28824, Piancavallo, Oggebbio, VCO, Italy
- Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy
| | - Sarah E MacPherson
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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50
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D'Aniello GE, Castelnuovo G, Scarpina F. Could cognitive estimation ability be a measure of cognitive reserve? Front Psychol 2015; 6:608. [PMID: 25999909 PMCID: PMC4423304 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2015.00608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2015] [Accepted: 04/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Guido E D'Aniello
- Psychology Research Laboratory, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Ospedale San Giuseppe Piancavallo, Italy
| | - Gianluca Castelnuovo
- Psychology Research Laboratory, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Ospedale San Giuseppe Piancavallo, Italy ; Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Scarpina
- Psychology Research Laboratory, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Ospedale San Giuseppe Piancavallo, Italy ; "Rita Levi Montalcini" Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin Turin, Italy
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