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Kernohan KD, Boycott KM. The expanding diagnostic toolbox for rare genetic diseases. Nat Rev Genet 2024; 25:401-415. [PMID: 38238519 DOI: 10.1038/s41576-023-00683-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
Genomic technologies, such as targeted, exome and short-read genome sequencing approaches, have revolutionized the care of patients with rare genetic diseases. However, more than half of patients remain without a diagnosis. Emerging approaches from research-based settings such as long-read genome sequencing and optical genome mapping hold promise for improving the identification of disease-causal genetic variants. In addition, new omic technologies that measure the transcriptome, epigenome, proteome or metabolome are showing great potential for variant interpretation. As genetic testing options rapidly expand, the clinical community needs to be mindful of their individual strengths and limitations, as well as remaining challenges, to select the appropriate diagnostic test, correctly interpret results and drive innovation to address insufficiencies. If used effectively - through truly integrative multi-omics approaches and data sharing - the resulting large quantities of data from these established and emerging technologies will greatly improve the interpretative power of genetic and genomic diagnostics for rare diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin D Kernohan
- CHEO Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Newborn Screening Ontario, CHEO, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Kym M Boycott
- CHEO Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
- Department of Genetics, CHEO, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
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2
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Himmelreich N, Kikul F, Zdrazilova L, Honzik T, Hecker A, Poschet G, Lüchtenborg C, Brügger B, Strahl S, Bürger F, Okun JG, Hansikova H, Thiel C. Complex metabolic disharmony in PMM2-CDG paves the way to new therapeutic approaches. Mol Genet Metab 2023; 139:107610. [PMID: 37245379 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2023.107610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
PMM2-CDG is the most common defect among the congenital disorders of glycosylation. In order to investigate the effect of hypoglycosylation on important cellular pathways, we performed extensive biochemical studies on skin fibroblasts of PMM2-CDG patients. Among others, acylcarnitines, amino acids, lysosomal proteins, organic acids and lipids were measured, which all revealed significant abnormalities. There was an increased expression of acylcarnitines and amino acids associated with increased amounts of calnexin, calreticulin and protein-disulfid-isomerase in combination with intensified amounts of ubiquitinylated proteins. Lysosomal enzyme activities were widely decreased as well as citrate and pyruvate levels indicating mitochondrial dysfunction. Main lipid classes such as phosphatidylethanolamine, cholesterol or alkyl-phosphatidylcholine, as well as minor lipid species like hexosylceramide, lysophosphatidylcholines or phosphatidylglycerol, were abnormal. Biotinidase and catalase activities were severely reduced. In this study we discuss the impact of metabolite abnormalities on the phenotype of PMM2-CDG. In addition, based on our data we propose new and easy-to-implement therapeutic approaches for PMM2-CDG patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nastassja Himmelreich
- Centre for Child and Adolescent Medicine, Department I, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 669, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Frauke Kikul
- Heidelberg University Biochemistry Center (BZH), Im Neuenheimer Feld 328, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lucie Zdrazilova
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Honzik
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Andreas Hecker
- Centre for Child and Adolescent Medicine, Department I, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 669, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Gernot Poschet
- Centre for Organismal Studies (COS), Plant Molecular Biology, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 360, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christian Lüchtenborg
- Heidelberg University Biochemistry Center (BZH), Im Neuenheimer Feld 328, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Britta Brügger
- Heidelberg University Biochemistry Center (BZH), Im Neuenheimer Feld 328, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sabine Strahl
- Centre for Organismal Studies (COS), Glycobiology, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 360, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Friederike Bürger
- Centre for Child and Adolescent Medicine, Department I, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 669, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jürgen G Okun
- Centre for Child and Adolescent Medicine, Department I, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 669, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hana Hansikova
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Christian Thiel
- Centre for Child and Adolescent Medicine, Department I, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 669, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
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Siddiqui AJ, Jahan S, Chaturvedi S, Siddiqui MA, Alshahrani MM, Abdelgadir A, Hamadou WS, Saxena J, Sundararaj BK, Snoussi M, Badraoui R, Adnan M. Therapeutic Role of ELOVL in Neurological Diseases. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:9764-9774. [PMID: 36969404 PMCID: PMC10034982 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c00056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Fatty acids play an important role in controlling the energy balance of mammals. De novo lipogenesis also generates a significant amount of lipids that are endogenously produced in addition to their ingestion. Fatty acid elongation beyond 16 carbons (palmitic acid), which can lead to the production of very long chain fatty acids (VLCFA), can be caused by the rate-limiting condensation process. Seven elongases, ELOVL1-7, have been identified in mammals and each has a unique substrate specificity. Researchers have recently developed a keen interest in the elongation of very long chain fatty acids protein 1 (ELOVL1) enzyme as a potential treatment for a variety of diseases. A number of neurological disorders directly or indirectly related to ELOVL1 involve the elongation of monounsaturated (C20:1 and C22:1) and saturated (C18:0-C26:0) acyl-CoAs. VLCFAs and ELOVL1 have a direct impact on the neurological disease. Other neurological symptoms such as ichthyotic keratoderma, spasticity, and hypomyelination have also been linked to the major enzyme (ELOVL1). Recently, ELOVL1 has also been heavily used to treat a number of diseases. The current review focuses on in-depth unique insights regarding the role of ELOVL1 as a therapeutic target and associated neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arif Jamal Siddiqui
- Department
of Biology, College of Science, University
of Ha’il, P.O. Box 2440, Ha’il 81451, Saudi Arabia
- Molecular
Diagnostics and Personalized Therapeutics Unit, University of Ha’il, P.O. Box 2440, Ha’il 81451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sadaf Jahan
- Department
of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia
| | - Swati Chaturvedi
- Department
of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, Pre-Clinical North, Lab-106, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Maqsood Ahmed Siddiqui
- Department
of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud
University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Merae Alshahrani
- Department
of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medial Sciences, Najran University, P.O. Box 1988, Najran 61441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdelmushin Abdelgadir
- Department
of Biology, College of Science, University
of Ha’il, P.O. Box 2440, Ha’il 81451, Saudi Arabia
- Molecular
Diagnostics and Personalized Therapeutics Unit, University of Ha’il, P.O. Box 2440, Ha’il 81451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Walid Sabri Hamadou
- Department
of Biology, College of Science, University
of Ha’il, P.O. Box 2440, Ha’il 81451, Saudi Arabia
- Molecular
Diagnostics and Personalized Therapeutics Unit, University of Ha’il, P.O. Box 2440, Ha’il 81451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Juhi Saxena
- Department
of Biotechnology, University Institute of Biotechnology, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, NH-95, Chandigarh State Hwy, Ludhiana, Punjab 140413, India
| | - Bharath K. Sundararaj
- School
of Dental Medicine, Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Boston University, Medical Campus Boston, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Mejdi Snoussi
- Department
of Biology, College of Science, University
of Ha’il, P.O. Box 2440, Ha’il 81451, Saudi Arabia
- Molecular
Diagnostics and Personalized Therapeutics Unit, University of Ha’il, P.O. Box 2440, Ha’il 81451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Riadh Badraoui
- Department
of Biology, College of Science, University
of Ha’il, P.O. Box 2440, Ha’il 81451, Saudi Arabia
- Molecular
Diagnostics and Personalized Therapeutics Unit, University of Ha’il, P.O. Box 2440, Ha’il 81451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohd Adnan
- Department
of Biology, College of Science, University
of Ha’il, P.O. Box 2440, Ha’il 81451, Saudi Arabia
- Molecular
Diagnostics and Personalized Therapeutics Unit, University of Ha’il, P.O. Box 2440, Ha’il 81451, Saudi Arabia
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Zandl-Lang M, Plecko B, Köfeler H. Lipidomics-Paving the Road towards Better Insight and Precision Medicine in Rare Metabolic Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021709. [PMID: 36675224 PMCID: PMC9866746 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Even though the application of Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) has significantly facilitated the identification of disease-associated mutations, the diagnostic rate of rare diseases is still below 50%. This causes a diagnostic odyssey and prevents specific treatment, as well as genetic counseling for further family planning. Increasing the diagnostic rate and reducing the time to diagnosis in children with unclear disease are crucial for a better patient outcome and improvement of quality of life. In many cases, NGS reveals variants of unknown significance (VUS) that need further investigations. The delineation of novel (lipid) biomarkers is not only crucial to prove the pathogenicity of VUS, but provides surrogate parameters for the monitoring of disease progression and therapeutic interventions. Lipids are essential organic compounds in living organisms, serving as building blocks for cellular membranes, energy storage and signaling molecules. Among other disorders, an imbalance in lipid homeostasis can lead to chronic inflammation, vascular dysfunction and neurodegenerative diseases. Therefore, analyzing lipids in biological samples provides great insight into the underlying functional role of lipids in healthy and disease statuses. The method of choice for lipid analysis and/or huge assemblies of lipids (=lipidome) is mass spectrometry due to its high sensitivity and specificity. Due to the inherent chemical complexity of the lipidome and the consequent challenges associated with analyzing it, progress in the field of lipidomics has lagged behind other omics disciplines. However, compared to the previous decade, the output of publications on lipidomics has increased more than 17-fold within the last decade and has, therefore, become one of the fastest-growing research fields. Combining multiple omics approaches will provide a unique and efficient tool for determining pathogenicity of VUS at the functional level, and thereby identifying rare, as well as novel, genetic disorders by molecular techniques and biochemical analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Zandl-Lang
- Division of General Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Barbara Plecko
- Division of General Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Harald Köfeler
- Core Facility Mass Spectrometry, ZMF, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria
- Correspondence:
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Dubland JA. Lipid analysis by ion mobility spectrometry combined with mass spectrometry: A brief update with a perspective on applications in the clinical laboratory. J Mass Spectrom Adv Clin Lab 2022; 23:7-13. [PMID: 34988541 PMCID: PMC8703053 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmsacl.2021.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) is an analytical technique where ions are separated in the gas phase based on their mobility through a buffer gas in the presence of an electric field. An ion passing through an IMS device has a characteristic collisional cross section (CCS) value that depends on the buffer gas used. IMS can be coupled with mass spectrometry (MS), which characterizes an ion based on a mass-to-charge ratio (m/z), to increase analytical specificity and provide further physicochemical information. In particular, IMS-MS is of ever-increasing interest for the analysis of lipids, which can be problematic to accurately identify and quantify in bodily fluids by liquid chromatography (LC) with MS alone due to the presence of isomers, isobars, and structurally similar analogs. IMS provides an additional layer of separation when combined with front-end LC approaches, thereby, enhancing peak capacity and analytical specificity. CCS (and also ion mobility drift time) can be plotted against m/z ion intensity and/or LC retention time in order to generate in-depth molecular profiles of a sample. Utilization of IMS-MS for routine clinical laboratory testing remains relatively unexplored, but areas do exist for potential implementation. A brief update is provided here on lipid analysis using IMS-MS with a perspective on some applications in the clinical laboratory.
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Key Words
- CCS, collisional cross section
- CV, compensation voltage
- CVD, cardiovascular disease
- Clinical analysis
- DG, diacylglycerol
- DMS, differential mobility spectrometry
- DTIMS, drift tube ion mobility spectrometry
- EV, elution voltage
- FAIMS, field asymmetric waveform ion mobility spectrometry
- FIA, flow injection analysis
- FTICR, fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance
- HDL, high-density-lipoprotein
- HRMS, high-resolution mass spectrometry
- IMS, ion mobility spectrometry
- IMS-MS, ion mobility spectrometry-mass spectrometry
- Ion mobility spectrometry
- LC, liquid chromatography
- LDL, low-density-lipoprotein
- LPC, lysophosphatidylcholine
- Lipids
- MALDI, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization
- MS, mass spectrometry
- Mass spectrometry
- NBS, newborn screening
- PC, glycerophosphocholine
- PE, phosphatidylethanolamine
- PG, phosphatidylglycerol
- RF, radio frequency
- SLIM, structures for loss less ion manipulations
- SM, sphingomyelin
- SV, separation voltage
- TG, triglyceride
- TIMS, trapped ion mobility spectrometry
- TOF, time-of-flight
- TWIMS, traveling wave ion mobility spectrometry
- VLDL, very-low-density lipoprotein
- m/z, mass-to-charge ratio
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua A. Dubland
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, BC Children’s Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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7
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Xiao C, Rossignol F, Vaz FM, Ferreira CR. Inherited disorders of complex lipid metabolism: A clinical review. J Inherit Metab Dis 2021; 44:809-825. [PMID: 33594685 DOI: 10.1002/jimd.12369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Over 80 human diseases have been attributed to defects in complex lipid metabolism. A majority of them have been reported recently in the setting of rapid advances in genomic technology and their increased use in clinical settings. Lipids are ubiquitous in human biology and play roles in many cellular and intercellular processes. While inborn errors in lipid metabolism can affect every organ system with many examples of genetic heterogeneity and pleiotropy, the clinical manifestations of many of these disorders can be explained based on the disruption of the metabolic pathway involved. In this review, we will discuss the physiological function of major pathways in complex lipid metabolism, including nonlysosomal sphingolipid metabolism, acylceramide metabolism, de novo phospholipid synthesis, phospholipid remodeling, phosphatidylinositol metabolism, mitochondrial cardiolipin synthesis and remodeling, and ether lipid metabolism as well as common clinical phenotypes associated with each.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changrui Xiao
- National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Francis Rossignol
- National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Frédéric M Vaz
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Department of Clinical Chemistry and Pediatrics, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Core Facility Metabolomics, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Carlos R Ferreira
- Medical Genomics and Metabolic Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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8
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Wang J, Sun F, Xu P, Zhang Y, Sun X, Deng H. Transient infantile hypertriglyceridemia with jaundice: A case report. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e25697. [PMID: 33907148 PMCID: PMC8084070 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000025697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Transient infantile hypertriglyceridemia (HTGTI) is a rare autosomal recessive inherited disease caused by inactivating mutations in the glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase 1 gene. To date, only a few patients have been reported worldwide. The symptoms of the affected individuals present a certain degree of transient hypertriglyceridemia, hepatomegaly, elevated liver enzymes, persistent fatty liver and hepatic fibrosis in early infancy. However, the clinical characteristics and pathogenesis of this disease are remain unclear. PATIENT CONCERNS A one month and twenty-five days old girl was admitted to hospital because of persisted jaundice and hepatomegaly for fifty days. DIAGNOSE The girl was diagnosed with HTGTI coincident with a noval mutation in glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase 1. INTERVENTION She was advised to take low-fat diet and supplement of medium-chain fatty acids. OUTCOMES Her jaundice was gradually normal at the age of 4 months without any treatment, and hypertriglyceridemia were normal at the age of 13 months, but still had elevated transaminases and hepatic steatosis. LESSONS Jaundice may be a novel phenotype in HTGTI. The report contributes to the expansion of HTGTI's gene mutation spectrum and its clinical manifestations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wang
- Second Department of Infectious Diseases
| | - Fang Sun
- Department of Respiratory, Xi’an Children's Hospital
| | - Pengfei Xu
- Second Department of Infectious Diseases
| | | | | | - Huiling Deng
- Second Department of Infectious Diseases
- Xi’an Central Hospital, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, China
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Kyle JE, Stratton KG, Zink EM, Kim YM, Bloodsworth KJ, Monroe ME, Waters KM, Webb-Robertson BJM, Koeller DM, Metz TO. A resource of lipidomics and metabolomics data from individuals with undiagnosed diseases. Sci Data 2021; 8:114. [PMID: 33883556 PMCID: PMC8060404 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-021-00894-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Every year individuals experience symptoms that remain undiagnosed by healthcare providers. In the United States, these rare diseases are defined as a condition that affects fewer than 200,000 individuals. However, there are an estimated 7000 rare diseases, and there are an estimated 25-30 million Americans in total (7.6-9.2% of the population as of 2018) affected by such disorders. The NIH Common Fund Undiagnosed Diseases Network (UDN) seeks to provide diagnoses for individuals with undiagnosed disease. Mass spectrometry-based metabolomics and lipidomics analyses could advance the collective understanding of individual symptoms and advance diagnoses for individuals with heretofore undiagnosed disease. Here, we report the mass spectrometry-based metabolomics and lipidomics analyses of blood plasma, urine, and cerebrospinal fluid from 148 patients within the UDN and their families, as well as from a reference population of over 100 individuals with no known metabolic diseases. The raw and processed data are available to the research community so that they might be useful in the diagnoses of current or future patients suffering from undiagnosed disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer E Kyle
- Biological Sciences Division, Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99352, USA
| | - Kelly G Stratton
- Computing and Analytics Division, National Security Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99352, USA
| | - Erika M Zink
- Biological Sciences Division, Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99352, USA
| | - Young-Mo Kim
- Biological Sciences Division, Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99352, USA
| | - Kent J Bloodsworth
- Biological Sciences Division, Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99352, USA
| | - Matthew E Monroe
- Biological Sciences Division, Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99352, USA
| | - Katrina M Waters
- Biological Sciences Division, Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99352, USA
| | - Bobbie-Jo M Webb-Robertson
- Biological Sciences Division, Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99352, USA
| | - David M Koeller
- Molecular and Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, 97239, USA.
| | - Thomas O Metz
- Biological Sciences Division, Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99352, USA.
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Mekić S, Gunn DA, Jacobs LC, Hijnen D, Ikram MA, Mayes AE, Nijsten T, Pardo LM. Genetic Susceptibility to Dry Skin in a General Middle-Aged to Elderly Population: A GWAS. J Invest Dermatol 2021; 141:2077-2079.e5. [PMID: 33640410 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2020.12.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Selma Mekić
- Department of Dermatology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - David A Gunn
- Unilever Research and Development, Colworth Science Park, Sharnbrook, United Kingdom
| | - Leonie C Jacobs
- Department of Dermatology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - DirkJan Hijnen
- Department of Dermatology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M Arfan Ikram
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Andrew E Mayes
- Unilever Research and Development, Colworth Science Park, Sharnbrook, United Kingdom
| | - Tamar Nijsten
- Department of Dermatology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Luba M Pardo
- Department of Dermatology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Krupenko NI, Sharma J, Pediaditakis P, Helke KL, Hall MS, Du X, Sumner S, Krupenko SA. Aldh1l2 knockout mouse metabolomics links the loss of the mitochondrial folate enzyme to deregulation of a lipid metabolism observed in rare human disorder. Hum Genomics 2020; 14:41. [PMID: 33168096 PMCID: PMC7654619 DOI: 10.1186/s40246-020-00291-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mitochondrial folate enzyme ALDH1L2 (aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family member L2) converts 10-formyltetrahydrofolate to tetrahydrofolate and CO2 simultaneously producing NADPH. We have recently reported that the lack of the enzyme due to compound heterozygous mutations was associated with neuro-ichthyotic syndrome in a male patient. Here, we address the role of ALDH1L2 in cellular metabolism and highlight the mechanism by which the enzyme regulates lipid oxidation. Methods We generated Aldh1l2 knockout (KO) mouse model, characterized its phenotype, tissue histology, and levels of reduced folate pools and applied untargeted metabolomics to determine metabolic changes in the liver, pancreas, and plasma caused by the enzyme loss. We have also used NanoString Mouse Inflammation V2 Code Set to analyze inflammatory gene expression and evaluate the role of ALDH1L2 in the regulation of inflammatory pathways. Results Both male and female Aldh1l2 KO mice were viable and did not show an apparent phenotype. However, H&E and Oil Red O staining revealed the accumulation of lipid vesicles localized between the central veins and portal triads in the liver of Aldh1l2-/- male mice indicating abnormal lipid metabolism. The metabolomic analysis showed vastly changed metabotypes in the liver and plasma in these mice suggesting channeling of fatty acids away from β-oxidation. Specifically, drastically increased plasma acylcarnitine and acylglycine conjugates were indicative of impaired β-oxidation in the liver. Our metabolomics data further showed that mechanistically, the regulation of lipid metabolism by ALDH1L2 is linked to coenzyme A biosynthesis through the following steps. ALDH1L2 enables sufficient NADPH production in mitochondria to maintain high levels of glutathione, which in turn is required to support high levels of cysteine, the coenzyme A precursor. As the final outcome, the deregulation of lipid metabolism due to ALDH1L2 loss led to decreased ATP levels in mitochondria. Conclusions The ALDH1L2 function is important for CoA-dependent pathways including β-oxidation, TCA cycle, and bile acid biosynthesis. The role of ALDH1L2 in the lipid metabolism explains why the loss of this enzyme is associated with neuro-cutaneous diseases. On a broader scale, our study links folate metabolism to the regulation of lipid homeostasis and the energy balance in the cell. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40246-020-00291-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia I Krupenko
- Nutrition Research Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jaspreet Sharma
- Nutrition Research Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Peter Pediaditakis
- Nutrition Research Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Kristi L Helke
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Madeline S Hall
- Nutrition Research Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Xiuxia Du
- Department of Bioinformatics & Genomics, UNC Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, USA
| | - Susan Sumner
- Nutrition Research Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Sergey A Krupenko
- Nutrition Research Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA. .,Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
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12
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Giudetti AM, Guerra F, Longo S, Beli R, Romano R, Manganelli F, Nolano M, Mangini V, Santoro L, Bucci C. An altered lipid metabolism characterizes Charcot-Marie-Tooth type 2B peripheral neuropathy. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2020; 1865:158805. [PMID: 32829064 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2020.158805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Charcot-Marie Tooth type 2B (CMT2B) is a rare inherited peripheral neuropathy caused by five missense mutations in the RAB7A gene, which encodes a small GTPase of the RAB family. Currently, no cure is available for this disease. In this study, we approached the disease by comparing the lipid metabolism of CMT2B-derived fibroblasts to that of healthy controls. We found that CMT2B cells showed increased monounsaturated fatty acid level and increased expression of key enzymes of monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acid synthesis. Moreover, in CMT2B cells a higher expression of acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) and fatty acid synthase (FAS), key enzymes of de novo fatty acid synthesis, with a concomitantly increased [1-14C]acetate incorporation into fatty acids, was observed. The expression of diacylglycerol acyltransferase 2, a rate-limiting enzyme in triacylglycerol synthesis, as well as triacylglycerol levels were increased in CMT2B compared to control cells. In addition, as RAB7A controls lipid droplet breakdown and lipid droplet dynamics have been linked to diseases, we analyzed these organelles and showed that in CMT2B cells there is a strong accumulation of lipid droplets compared to control cells, thus reinforcing our data on abnormal lipid metabolism in CMT2B. Furthermore, we demonstrated that ACC and FAS expression levels changed upon RAB7 silencing or overexpression in HeLa cells, thus suggesting that metabolic modifications observed in CMT2B-derived fibroblasts can be, at least in part, related to RAB7 mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Maria Giudetti
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, Via Monteroni n. 165, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
| | - Flora Guerra
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, Via Monteroni n. 165, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Serena Longo
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, Via Monteroni n. 165, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Raffaella Beli
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, Via Monteroni n. 165, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Roberta Romano
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, Via Monteroni n. 165, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Fiore Manganelli
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, University of Naples "Federico II", Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Nolano
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, University of Naples "Federico II", Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy; Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Department of Neurology of Telese Terme Institute, 82037 Telese Terme, Benevento, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Mangini
- Center for Biomolecular Nanotechnologies@UniLe, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 73010 Arnesano (LE), Italy
| | - Lucio Santoro
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, University of Naples "Federico II", Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Cecilia Bucci
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, Via Monteroni n. 165, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
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Khan S, Rawlins LE, Harlalka GV, Umair M, Ullah A, Shahzad S, Javed M, Baple EL, Crosby AH, Ahmad W, Gul A. Homozygous variants in the HEXB and MBOAT7 genes underlie neurological diseases in consanguineous families. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2019; 20:199. [PMID: 31852446 PMCID: PMC6921424 DOI: 10.1186/s12881-019-0907-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neurological disorders are a common cause of morbidity and mortality within Pakistani populations. It is one of the most important challenges in healthcare, with significant life-long socio-economic burden. METHODS We investigated the cause of disease in three Pakistani families in individuals with unexplained autosomal recessive neurological conditions, using both genome-wide SNP mapping and whole exome sequencing (WES) of affected individuals. RESULTS We identified a homozygous splice site variant (NM_000521:c.445 + 1G > T) in the hexosaminidase B (HEXB) gene confirming a diagnosis of Sandhoff disease (SD; type II GM2-gangliosidosis), an autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disorder caused by deficiency of hexosaminidases in a single family. In two further unrelated families, we identified a homozygous frameshift variant (NM_024298.3:c.758_778del; p.Glu253_Ala259del) in membrane-bound O-acyltransferase family member 7 (MBOAT7) as the likely cause of disease. MBOAT7 gene variants have recently been identified as a cause of intellectual disability (ID), seizures and autistic features. CONCLUSIONS We identified two metabolic disorders of lipid biosynthesis within three Pakistani families presenting with undiagnosed neurodevelopmental conditions. These findings enabled an accurate neurological disease diagnosis to be provided for these families, facilitating disease management and genetic counselling within this population. This study consolidates variation within MBOAT7 as a cause of neurodevelopmental disorder, broadens knowledge of the clinical outcomes associated with MBOAT7-related disorder, and confirms the likely presence of a regionally prevalent founder variant (c.758_778del; p.Glu253_Ala259del) in Pakistan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shazia Khan
- Department of Biological Sciences, International Islamic University Islamabad, H-10, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan.,Medical Research, RILD Wellcome Wolfson Centre (Level 4), Royal Devon and Exeter NHS Foundation Trust, Exeter, Devon, EX2 5DW, UK.,Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Lettie E Rawlins
- Medical Research, RILD Wellcome Wolfson Centre (Level 4), Royal Devon and Exeter NHS Foundation Trust, Exeter, Devon, EX2 5DW, UK.,Peninsula Clinical Genetics Service, Royal Devon & Exeter Hospital (Heavitree), Gladstone Road, Exeter, EX1 2ED, UK
| | - Gaurav V Harlalka
- Medical Research, RILD Wellcome Wolfson Centre (Level 4), Royal Devon and Exeter NHS Foundation Trust, Exeter, Devon, EX2 5DW, UK.,Rajarshi Shahu College of Pharmacy, Malvihir Buldana, Maharashtra, Buldana, 443001, India
| | - Muhammad Umair
- Medical Genomics Research Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs (MNGHA), P.O. Box 3660, Riyadh, 11481, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Asmat Ullah
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.,Department of Molecular Biology, Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Medical University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Shaheen Shahzad
- Department of Biological Sciences, International Islamic University Islamabad, H-10, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Javed
- National Institute for Genomics & Advanced Biotechnology, NARC, Islamabad, 45500, Pakistan
| | - Emma L Baple
- Medical Research, RILD Wellcome Wolfson Centre (Level 4), Royal Devon and Exeter NHS Foundation Trust, Exeter, Devon, EX2 5DW, UK.,Peninsula Clinical Genetics Service, Royal Devon & Exeter Hospital (Heavitree), Gladstone Road, Exeter, EX1 2ED, UK
| | - Andrew H Crosby
- Medical Research, RILD Wellcome Wolfson Centre (Level 4), Royal Devon and Exeter NHS Foundation Trust, Exeter, Devon, EX2 5DW, UK
| | - Wasim Ahmad
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Asma Gul
- Department of Biological Sciences, International Islamic University Islamabad, H-10, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan.
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14
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Sunderhaus ER, Law AD, Kretzschmar D. Disease-Associated PNPLA6 Mutations Maintain Partial Functions When Analyzed in Drosophila. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:1207. [PMID: 31780887 PMCID: PMC6852622 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.01207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 6 (PNPLA6) have been linked with a number of inherited diseases with clinical symptoms that include spastic paraplegia, ataxia, and chorioretinal dystrophy. PNPLA6 is an evolutionary conserved protein whose ortholog in Drosophila is Swiss-Cheese (SWS). Both proteins are phospholipases hydrolyzing lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) and phosphatidylcholine (PC). Consequently, loss of SWS/PNPLA6 in flies and mice increases both lipids and leads to locomotion deficits and neurodegeneration. PNPLA6 knock-out mice are embryonic lethal, and a mutation creating an early stop codon in human PNPLA6 has only been identified in compound heterozygote patients. In contrast, disease-causing point mutations are found in homozygous patients, with some localized in the phospholipase domain while others are in a region that contains several cNMP binding sites. To investigate how different mutations affect the function of PNPLA6 in an in vivo model, we expressed them in the Drosophila sws1 null mutant. Expressing wild-type PNPLA6 suppressed the locomotion and degenerative phenotypes in sws 1 and restored lipid levels, confirming that the human protein can replace fly SWS. In contrast, none of the mutant proteins restored lipid levels, although they suppressed the behavioral and degenerative phenotypes, at least in early stages. These results show that these mutant forms of PNPLA6 retain some biological function, indicating that disruption of lipid homeostasis is only part of the pathogenic mechanism. Furthermore, our finding that mutations in the cNMP binding sites prevented the restoration of normal lipid levels supports previous evidence that cNMP regulates the phospholipase activity of PNPLA6.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Doris Kretzschmar
- Oregon Institute of Occupational Health Sciences, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
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15
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Saudubray JM, Mochel F, Lamari F, Garcia-Cazorla A. Proposal for a simplified classification of IMD based on a pathophysiological approach: A practical guide for clinicians. J Inherit Metab Dis 2019; 42:706-727. [PMID: 30883825 DOI: 10.1002/jimd.12086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In view of the rapidly expanding number of IMD discovered by next generation sequencing, we propose a simplified classification of IMD that mixes elements from a clinical diagnostic perspective and a pathophysiological approach based on three large categories. We highlight the increasing importance of complex molecule metabolism and its connection with cell biology processes. Small molecule disorders have biomarkers and are divided in two subcategories: accumulation and deficiency. Accumulation of small molecules leads to acute or progressive postnatal "intoxication", present after a symptom-free interval, aggravated by catabolism and food intake. These treatable disorders must not be missed! Deficiency of small molecules is due to impaired synthesis of compounds distal to a block or altered transport of essential molecules. This subgroup shares many clinical characteristics with complex molecule disorders. Complex molecules (like glycogen, sphingolipids, phospholipids, glycosaminoglycans, glycolipids) are poorly diffusible. Accumulation of complex molecules leads to postnatal progressive storage like in glycogen and lysosomal storage disorders. Many are treatable. Deficiency of complex molecules is related to the synthesis and recycling of these molecules, which take place in organelles. They may interfere with fœtal development. Most present as neurodevelopmental or neurodegenerative disorders unrelated to food intake. Peroxisomal disorders, CDG defects of intracellular trafficking and processing, recycling of synaptic vesicles, and tRNA synthetases also belong to this category. Only few have biomarkers and are treatable. Disorders involving primarily energy metabolism encompass defects of membrane carriers of energetic molecules as well as cytoplasmic and mitochondrial metabolic defects. This oversimplified classification is connected to the most recent available nosology of IMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Marie Saudubray
- Groupe de Recherche Clinique Neurométabolique, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France
| | - Fanny Mochel
- Groupe de Recherche Clinique Neurométabolique, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France
- Centre de Référence Neurométabolique Adulte, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC-Paris 6, UMR S 1127 and Inserm U 1127, and CNRS UMR 7225, and ICM, F-75013, Paris, France
- Département de Génétique, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Foudil Lamari
- Groupe de Recherche Clinique Neurométabolique, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France
- Centre de Référence Neurométabolique Adulte, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
- Département de Biochimie, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Angeles Garcia-Cazorla
- Neurology Department, Neurometabolic Unit and Synaptic Metabolism Lab, Institut Pediàtric de Recerca, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, metabERN and CIBERER-ISCIII, Barcelona, Spain
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16
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Saudubray JM, Garcia-Cazorla A. An overview of inborn errors of metabolism affecting the brain: from neurodevelopment to neurodegenerative disorders. DIALOGUES IN CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCE 2019. [PMID: 30936770 PMCID: PMC6436954 DOI: 10.31887/dcns.2018.20.4/jmsaudubray] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Inborn errors of metabolism (IEMs) are particularly frequent as diseases of the nervous system. In the pediatric neurologic presentations of IEMs neurodevelopment is constantly disturbed and in fact, as far as biochemistry is involved, any kind of monogenic disease can become an IEM. Clinical features are very diverse and may present as a neurodevelopmental disorder (antenatal or late-onset), as well as an intermittent, a fixed chronic, or a progressive and late-onset neurodegenerative disorder. This also occurs within the same disorder in which a continuum spectrum of severity is frequently observed. In general, the small molecule defects have screening metabolic markers and many are treatable. By contrast only a few complex molecules defects have metabolic markers and most of them are not treatable so far. Recent molecular techniques have considerably contributed in the description of many new diseases and unexpected phenotypes. This paper provides a comprehensive list of IEMs that affect neurodevelopment and may also present with neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Marie Saudubray
- Department of Neurology, Neurometabolic Unit, Hopital Pitié Salpétrière, Paris, France
| | - Angela Garcia-Cazorla
- Neurometabolic Unit and Synaptic Metabolism Lab (Department of Neurology), Institut Pediàtric de Recerca, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu and CIBERER (ISCIII), Barcelona, Spain
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17
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Elsayed LEO, Eltazi IZM, Ahmed AEM, Stevanin G. Hereditary spastic paraplegias: time for an objective case definition and a new nosology for neurogenetic disorders to facilitate biomarker/therapeutic studies. Expert Rev Neurother 2019; 19:409-415. [PMID: 31037979 DOI: 10.1080/14737175.2019.1608824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hereditary spastic paraplegias (HSPs) are heterogeneous neurodegenerative disorders characterized by progressive lower limb weakness and spasticity as core symptoms of the degeneration of the corticospinal motor neurons. Even after exclusion of infectious and toxic mimickers of these disorders, the definitive diagnosis remains tricky, mainly in sporadic forms, as there is significant overlap with other disorders. Since their first description, various attempts failed to reach an appropriate classification. This was due to the constant expansion of the clinical spectrum of these diseases and the discovery of new genes, a significant number of them was involved in overlapping diseases. Areas covered: In this perspective review, an extensive literature study was conducted on the historical progress of HSP research. We also revised the previous and the current classifications of HSP and the closely related neurogenetic disorders and analyzed the areas of overlap. Expert opinion: There is undeniable need for objective case definition and reclassification of all neurogenetic disorders including HSPs, a prerequisite to improve patient follow-up, biomarker identification and develop therapeutics. The challenge is to understand why mutations can give rise to multiple phenotypic presentations along this spectrum of diseases in which the corticospinal tract is affected.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Isra Z M Eltazi
- a Faculty of Medicine , University of Khartoum , Khartoum , Sudan
| | - Ammar E M Ahmed
- a Faculty of Medicine , University of Khartoum , Khartoum , Sudan
| | - Giovanni Stevanin
- b Basic to Translational Neurogenetics team , Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, INSERM U1127, CNRS UMR7225, Sorbonne Université UMR_S1127 , Paris , France.,c Neurogenetics team , Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, EPHE, PSL Research University , Paris , France
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18
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Yalnızoǧlu D, Özgül RK, Oǧuz KK, Özer B, Yücel-Yılmaz D, Gürbüz B, Serdaroǧlu E, Erol İ, Topçu M, Dursun A. Expanding the phenotype of phospholipid remodelling disease due to MBOAT7 gene defect. J Inherit Metab Dis 2019; 42:381-388. [PMID: 30701556 DOI: 10.1002/jimd.12016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Revised: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
MBOAT7 gene codes O-acyltransferase domain containing seven proteins which is one of four enzymes involved in remodeling of phosphoinositol phosphate (PIP) in LANDs cycle. We present clinical, neuroimaging, and genetic findings of 12 patients from 7 families with MBOAT7 gene defect, a recently defined novel phospholipid remodelling disease. To the best of our knowledge, our case series is the second report on patients with MBOAT7 gene defect. The patients present with global developmental delay particularly in speech and language skills, intellectual disability, stereotypical behavior, ataxic gait, early onset epilepsy with well response to medical treatment, strabismus and similar facial features. Common neuroimaging findings of the patients were folium dysgenesis of the cerebellum with a particular appearance, mild-to-moderate cerebellar atrophy, T2 hyperintensity of bilateral globus pallidius and dentate nuclei, enlarged perivascular areas, and mild thinning of the corpus callosum. Genome-wide genotyping and exome sequencing identified five different types of homozygous mutations in the MBOAT7 gene in all seven families which are p.Arg87*, p.Leu227ProfsX65, p.Gln376Lys, p.Trp426*, and chr19:54.666.173-54.677.766/11594 bp del. We conclude that clinical and neuroimaging findings of MBOAT7 gene defect may suggest the diagnosis and guide genetic tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilek Yalnızoǧlu
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neurology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - R Köksal Özgül
- Hacettepe University Institute of Child Health, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Kader K Oǧuz
- Department of Radiology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Buǧra Özer
- Advanced Genomics and Bioinformatics Research Center (IGBAM), BILGEM, The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK), Kocaeli, Turkey
| | | | - Berrak Gürbüz
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Metabolism, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Esra Serdaroǧlu
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neurology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - İlknur Erol
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neurology, Baskent University Faculty of Medicine, Adana, Turkey
| | - Meral Topçu
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neurology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ali Dursun
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Metabolism, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
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19
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Mochel F. Lipids and synaptic functions. J Inherit Metab Dis 2018; 41:1117-1122. [PMID: 29869164 DOI: 10.1007/s10545-018-0204-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Revised: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Synaptic functions have long been thought to be driven by proteins, especially the SNARE complex, contrasting with a relatively passive role for lipids constituting cell membranes. It is now clear that not only lipids, i.e. glycerophospholipids, sphingolipids and sterols, play a determinant role in the dynamics of synaptic membranes but they also actively contribute to the endocytosis and exocytosis of synaptic vesicles in conjunction with synaptic proteins. On the other hand, a growing number of inborn errors of metabolism affecting the nervous system have been related to defects in the synthesis and remodelling of fatty acids, phospholipids and sphingolipids. Alterations of the metabolism of these lipids would be expected to affect the dynamics of synaptic membranes and synaptic vesicles. Still, only few examples are currently documented. It remains to be determined to which extent the pathophysiology of disorders of complex lipids biosynthesis and remodelling share common pathogenic mechanisms with the more traditional synaptopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanny Mochel
- Sorbonne Université, UPMC-Paris 6, UMR S 1127 and Inserm U 1127, and CNRS UMR 7225, and ICM, F-75013, Paris, France.
- Sorbonne Université, GRC no. 13, Neurométabolisme, Paris, France.
- Department of Genetics and Reference Centre for Adult Neurometabolic Diseases, AP-HP, La Pitié-Salpêtriere University Hospital, Paris, France.
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20
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A new PNPLA6 mutation presenting as Oliver McFarlane syndrome. J Neurol Sci 2018; 392:1-2. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2018.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Revised: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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21
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Affiliation(s)
- Ron A Wevers
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Translational Metabolic Laboratory (TML), Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Groote Plein Zuid 10, 6525 GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Nenad Blau
- Dietmar-Hopp Metabolic Center, Department of General Pediatrics, University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
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22
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Gödiker J, Grüneberg M, DuChesne I, Reunert J, Rust S, Westermann C, Wada Y, Classen G, Langhans CD, Schlingmann KP, Rodenburg RJ, Pohlmann R, Marquardt T. QIL1-dependent assembly of MICOS complex-lethal mutation in C19ORF70 resulting in liver disease and severe neurological retardation. J Hum Genet 2018; 63:707-716. [PMID: 29618761 DOI: 10.1038/s10038-018-0442-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Revised: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Seven subunits of the mitochondrial contact site and cristae junction (CJ) organizing system (MICOS) in humans have been recently described in function and structure. QIL1 (also named MIC13) is a small complex that is crucial for the maintenance and assembling of MICOS. A novel mutation of an essential splice site in the C19orf70 gene encoding QIL1 induces severe mitochondrial encephalopathy, hepatopathy and lactate acidosis consistent with psychomotor retardation. In addition, bilateral kidney stones were observed. Disassembly of MICOS complex subunits displays lack of MIC10-MIC26-MIC27-QIL1 subcomplex, resulting in aberrant cristae structure and a loss of cristae junctions and contact sites. In liver and muscle tissue, the activity of the respiratory chain complexes (OXPHOS) was severely impaired. Defects in MICOS complex do not only affect mitochondrial architecture, but also mitochondrial fusion, metabolic signalling, lipid trafficking and cellular electric homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Gödiker
- Department of General Paediatrics, Metabolic Diseases, University Children's Hospital Muenster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Gebäude A1, 48149, Muenster, Germany
| | - M Grüneberg
- Department of General Paediatrics, Metabolic Diseases, University Children's Hospital Muenster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Gebäude A1, 48149, Muenster, Germany
| | - I DuChesne
- Department of General Paediatrics, Metabolic Diseases, University Children's Hospital Muenster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Gebäude A1, 48149, Muenster, Germany
| | - J Reunert
- Department of General Paediatrics, Metabolic Diseases, University Children's Hospital Muenster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Gebäude A1, 48149, Muenster, Germany
| | - S Rust
- Department of General Paediatrics, Metabolic Diseases, University Children's Hospital Muenster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Gebäude A1, 48149, Muenster, Germany
| | - C Westermann
- Gerhard-Domagk-Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Muenster, Domagkstraße 17, 48149, Muenster, Germany
| | - Y Wada
- Osaka Medical Center and Research Institute for Maternal and Child Health, 840 Murodo-cho, Izumi, Osaka, 594-1101, Japan
| | - G Classen
- Department of General Paediatrics, Evangelisches Klinikum Bethel, Grenzweg 10, 33617, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - C D Langhans
- Division of Neuropediatrics and Paediatric Metabolic Medicine, University Children's Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 430, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - K P Schlingmann
- Department of General Paediatrics, University Children's Hospital, Waldeyerstr. 22, 48149, Muenster, Germany
| | - R J Rodenburg
- Department of Paediatrics, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, 830 Translational Metabolic Laboratory, Radboud UMC, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - R Pohlmann
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, University of Muenster, Waldeyerstraße 15, 48149, Muenster, Germany
| | - T Marquardt
- Department of General Paediatrics, Metabolic Diseases, University Children's Hospital Muenster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Gebäude A1, 48149, Muenster, Germany.
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23
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Saudubray JM, Garcia-Cazorla À. Inborn Errors of Metabolism Overview: Pathophysiology, Manifestations, Evaluation, and Management. Pediatr Clin North Am 2018; 65:179-208. [PMID: 29502909 DOI: 10.1016/j.pcl.2017.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The specialty of inherited metabolic disease is at the forefront of progress in medicine, with new methods in metabolomics and genomics identifying the molecular basis for a growing number of conditions and syndromes. This review presents an updated pathophysiologic classification of inborn errors of metabolism and a method of clinical screening in neonates, late-onset emergencies, neurologic deterioration, and other common clinical scenarios. When and how to investigate a metabolic disorder is presented to encourage physicians to use sophisticated biochemical investigations and not miss a treatable disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Marie Saudubray
- Department of Neurology, Neurometabolic Unit, Hopital Pitié Salpétrière, 47-83 Boulevard de l'Hopital, Paris 75013, France.
| | - Àngels Garcia-Cazorla
- Neurology Department, Neurometabolic Unit, Hospital Sant Joan de Deu and CIBERER-ISCIII, Passeig Sant Joan de Deu 28950 Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
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24
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Rajagopal R, Zhang S, Wei X, Doggett T, Adak S, Enright J, Shah V, Ling G, Chen S, Yoshino J, Hsu FF, Semenkovich CF. Retinal de novo lipogenesis coordinates neurotrophic signaling to maintain vision. JCI Insight 2018; 3:97076. [PMID: 29321376 PMCID: PMC5821215 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.97076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Membrane lipid composition is central to the highly specialized functions of neurological tissues. In the retina, abnormal lipid metabolism causes severe forms of blindness, often through poorly understood neuronal cell death. Here, we demonstrate that deleting the de novo lipogenic enzyme fatty acid synthase (FAS) from the neural retina, but not the vascular retina, results in progressive neurodegeneration and blindness with a temporal pattern resembling rodent models of retinitis pigmentosa. Blindness was not rescued by protection from light-evoked activity; by eating a diet enriched in palmitate, the product of the FAS reaction; or by treatment with the PPARα agonist fenofibrate. Vision loss was due to aberrant synaptic structure, blunted responsiveness to glial-derived neurotrophic factor and ciliary neurotrophic factor, and eventual apoptotic cell loss. This progressive neurodegeneration was associated with decreased membrane cholesterol content, as well as loss of discrete n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid- and saturated fatty acid-containing phospholipid species within specialized membrane microdomains. Neurotrophic signaling was restored by exogenous cholesterol delivery. These findings implicate de novo lipogenesis in neurotrophin-dependent cell survival by maintaining retinal membrane configuration and lipid composition, and they suggest that ongoing lipogenesis may be required to prevent cell death in many forms of retinopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sheng Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences
| | - Xiaochao Wei
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Lipid Research
| | | | - Sangeeta Adak
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Lipid Research
| | | | - Vaishali Shah
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Lipid Research
| | - Guoyu Ling
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Lipid Research
| | | | - Jun Yoshino
- Division of Geriatrics and Nutritional Science, and
| | - Fong-Fu Hsu
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Lipid Research
| | - Clay F Semenkovich
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Lipid Research.,Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
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25
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Donato L, Bramanti P, Scimone C, Rinaldi C, Giorgianni F, Beranova-Giorgianni S, Koirala D, D'Angelo R, Sidoti A. miRNAexpression profile of retinal pigment epithelial cells under oxidative stress conditions. FEBS Open Bio 2018; 8:219-233. [PMID: 29435412 PMCID: PMC5794457 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.12360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Revised: 11/03/2017] [Accepted: 11/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Deep analysis of regulative mechanisms of transcription and translation in eukaryotes could improve knowledge of many genetic pathologies such as retinitis pigmentosa (RP). New layers of complexity have recently emerged with the discovery that ‘junk’ DNA is transcribed and, among these, miRNAs have assumed a preponderant role. We compared changes in the expression of miRNAs obtained from whole transcriptome analyses, between two groups of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells, one untreated and the other exposed to the oxidant agent oxidized low‐density lipoprotein (oxLDL), examining four time points (1, 2, 4 and 6 h). We found that 23 miRNAs exhibited altered expression in the treated samples, targeting genes involved in several biochemical pathways, many of them associated to RP for the first time, such as those mediated by insulin receptor signaling and son of sevenless. Moreover, five RP causative genes (KLHL7, RDH11,CERKL, AIPL1 and USH1G) emerged as already validated targets of five altered miRNAs (hsa‐miR‐1307, hsa‐miR‐3064, hsa‐miR‐4709, hsa‐miR‐3615 and hsa‐miR‐637), suggesting a tight connection between induced oxidative stress and RP development and progression. This miRNA expression analysis of oxidative stress‐induced RPE cells has discovered new regulative functions of miRNAs in RP that should lead to the discovery of new ways to regulate the etiopathogenesis of RP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Donato
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging Division of Medical Biotechnologies and Preventive Medicine University of Messina Italy.,Department of Cutting-Edge Medicine and Therapies Biomolecular Strategies and Neuroscience Section of Neuroscience-applied, Molecular Genetics and Predictive MedicineI.E.M E.S.T. Palermo Italy
| | | | - Concetta Scimone
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging Division of Medical Biotechnologies and Preventive Medicine University of Messina Italy.,Department of Cutting-Edge Medicine and Therapies Biomolecular Strategies and Neuroscience Section of Neuroscience-applied, Molecular Genetics and Predictive MedicineI.E.M E.S.T. Palermo Italy
| | - Carmela Rinaldi
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging Division of Medical Biotechnologies and Preventive Medicine University of Messina Italy
| | | | | | | | - Rosalia D'Angelo
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging Division of Medical Biotechnologies and Preventive Medicine University of Messina Italy
| | - Antonina Sidoti
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging Division of Medical Biotechnologies and Preventive Medicine University of Messina Italy.,Department of Cutting-Edge Medicine and Therapies Biomolecular Strategies and Neuroscience Section of Neuroscience-applied, Molecular Genetics and Predictive MedicineI.E.M E.S.T. Palermo Italy
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26
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Maas RR, Iwanicka‐Pronicka K, Kalkan Ucar S, Alhaddad B, AlSayed M, Al‐Owain MA, Al‐Zaidan HI, Balasubramaniam S, Barić I, Bubshait DK, Burlina A, Christodoulou J, Chung WK, Colombo R, Darin N, Freisinger P, Garcia Silva MT, Grunewald S, Haack TB, van Hasselt PM, Hikmat O, Hörster F, Isohanni P, Ramzan K, Kovacs‐Nagy R, Krumina Z, Martin‐Hernandez E, Mayr JA, McClean P, De Meirleir L, Naess K, Ngu LH, Pajdowska M, Rahman S, Riordan G, Riley L, Roeben B, Rutsch F, Santer R, Schiff M, Seders M, Sequeira S, Sperl W, Staufner C, Synofzik M, Taylor RW, Trubicka J, Tsiakas K, Unal O, Wassmer E, Wedatilake Y, Wolff T, Prokisch H, Morava E, Pronicka E, Wevers RA, de Brouwer AP, Wortmann SB. Progressive deafness-dystonia due to SERAC1 mutations: A study of 67 cases. Ann Neurol 2017; 82:1004-1015. [PMID: 29205472 PMCID: PMC5847115 DOI: 10.1002/ana.25110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Revised: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 11/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE 3-Methylglutaconic aciduria, dystonia-deafness, hepatopathy, encephalopathy, Leigh-like syndrome (MEGDHEL) syndrome is caused by biallelic variants in SERAC1. METHODS This multicenter study addressed the course of disease for each organ system. Metabolic, neuroradiological, and genetic findings are reported. RESULTS Sixty-seven individuals (39 previously unreported) from 59 families were included (age range = 5 days-33.4 years, median age = 9 years). A total of 41 different SERAC1 variants were identified, including 20 that have not been reported before. With the exception of 2 families with a milder phenotype, all affected individuals showed a strikingly homogeneous phenotype and time course. Severe, reversible neonatal liver dysfunction and hypoglycemia were seen in >40% of all cases. Starting at a median age of 6 months, muscular hypotonia (91%) was seen, followed by progressive spasticity (82%, median onset = 15 months) and dystonia (82%, 18 months). The majority of affected individuals never learned to walk (68%). Seventy-nine percent suffered hearing loss, 58% never learned to speak, and nearly all had significant intellectual disability (88%). Magnetic resonance imaging features were accordingly homogenous, with bilateral basal ganglia involvement (98%); the characteristic "putaminal eye" was seen in 53%. The urinary marker 3-methylglutaconic aciduria was present in virtually all patients (98%). Supportive treatment focused on spasticity and drooling, and was effective in the individuals treated; hearing aids or cochlear implants did not improve communication skills. INTERPRETATION MEGDHEL syndrome is a progressive deafness-dystonia syndrome with frequent and reversible neonatal liver involvement and a strikingly homogenous course of disease. Ann Neurol 2017;82:1004-1015.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roeltje R. Maas
- Translational Metabolic Laboratory, Department of Laboratory MedicineRadboud University Medical CenterNijmegenthe Netherlands
| | | | - Sema Kalkan Ucar
- Division of Metabolic Disease, Ege University Medical Faculty, Department of PediatricsIzmirTurkey
| | - Bader Alhaddad
- Institute of Human GeneticsTechnische UniversitätMünchenMunichGermany
| | - Moeenaldeen AlSayed
- Department of GeneticsKing Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research CenterRiyadhSaudi Arabia
- Department of Anatomy and Cell BiologyCollege of Medicine, Alfaisal UniversityRiyadhSaudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed A. Al‐Owain
- Department of GeneticsKing Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research CenterRiyadhSaudi Arabia
- Department of Anatomy and Cell BiologyCollege of Medicine, Alfaisal UniversityRiyadhSaudi Arabia
| | - Hamad I. Al‐Zaidan
- Department of GeneticsKing Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research CenterRiyadhSaudi Arabia
- Department of Anatomy and Cell BiologyCollege of Medicine, Alfaisal UniversityRiyadhSaudi Arabia
| | - Shanti Balasubramaniam
- Western Sydney Genetics Program, Children's Hospital at Westmead, SydneyNew South WalesAustralia
- Discipline of Genetic Medicine & Paediatrics and Child Health, University of SydneySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Ivo Barić
- Department of PediatricsUniversity Hospital CenterZagrebCroatia
- School of Medicine, University of ZagrebZagrebCroatia
| | - Dalal K. Bubshait
- Department of Pediatrics, College of MedicineImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal UniversityDammamSaudi Arabia
| | - Alberto Burlina
- Division of Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Department of PediatricsUniversity Hospital of PaduaPaduaItaly
| | - John Christodoulou
- Neurodevelopmental Genomics Research Group, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, and Department of PaediatricsMelbourne Medical School, University of MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
- Genetic Metabolic Disorders Research Unit and Western Sydney Genetics Program, Children's Hospital at WestmeadSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
- Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health and Genetic Medicine, Sydney Medical School, University of SydneySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Wendy K. Chung
- Departments of Pediatrics and MedicineColumbia UniversityNew YorkNY
| | - Roberto Colombo
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Catholic University of the Sacred HeartRomeItaly
- Center for the Study of Rare Hereditary Diseases, Niguarda Ca' Granda Metropolitan HospitalMilanItaly
| | - Niklas Darin
- Department of PediatricsInstitute of Clinical Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Queen Silvia's Children's HospitalGothenburgSweden
| | | | - Maria Teresa Garcia Silva
- Inborn Errors of Metabolism and Mitochondrial Disease Unit“12 de Octubre” University Hospital, Avenida de Cordoba sn, 28041 Madrid, Spain. Rare Diseases Biomedical Research Centre (CIBERER)MadridSpain
- Complutense UniversityMadridSpain
| | - Stephanie Grunewald
- Metabolic Medicine DepartmentGreat Ormond Street Hospital for Children National Health Service Foundation Trust, University College London Institute of Child HealthLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Tobias B. Haack
- Institute of Human GeneticsTechnische UniversitätMünchenMunichGermany
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied GenomicsTübingenGermany
| | - Peter M. van Hasselt
- Wilhelmina Children's Hospital Utrecht, University Medical Center UtrechtUtrechtthe Netherlands
| | - Omar Hikmat
- Department of PediatricsHaukeland University HospitalBergenNorway
- Department of Clinical Medicine (K1)University of BergenBergenNorway
| | - Friederike Hörster
- Department of General Pediatrics, Division of Neuropediatrics and Pediatric Metabolic MedicineUniversity Hospital HeidelbergHeidelbergGermany
| | - Pirjo Isohanni
- Children's Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University HospitalHelsinkiFinland
- Research Programs Unit, Molecular Neurology, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland
| | - Khushnooda Ramzan
- Department of GeneticsKing Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research CenterRiyadhSaudi Arabia
- Department of Anatomy and Cell BiologyCollege of Medicine, Alfaisal UniversityRiyadhSaudi Arabia
| | - Reka Kovacs‐Nagy
- Institute of Human GeneticsTechnische UniversitätMünchenMunichGermany
| | - Zita Krumina
- Department of Biology and MicrobiologyRiga Stradin's UniversityRigaLatvia
| | - Elena Martin‐Hernandez
- Inborn Errors of Metabolism and Mitochondrial Disease Unit“12 de Octubre” University Hospital, Avenida de Cordoba sn, 28041 Madrid, Spain. Rare Diseases Biomedical Research Centre (CIBERER)MadridSpain
- Complutense UniversityMadridSpain
| | - Johannes A. Mayr
- Department of PediatricsSalzburg State Hospitals and Paracelsus Medical UniversitySalzburgAustria
| | - Patricia McClean
- Leeds Teaching Hospitals National Health Service TrustLeedsUnited Kingdom
| | | | - Karin Naess
- Department of Pediatric NeurologyKarolinska University HospitalStockholmSweden
| | - Lock H. Ngu
- Division of Clinical Genetics, Department of GeneticsKuala Lumpur HospitalKuala LumpurMalaysia
| | - Magdalena Pajdowska
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Radioimmunology, and Experimental MedicineChildren's Memorial Health InstituteWarsawPoland
| | - Shamima Rahman
- University College London Great Ormond Street Institute of Child HealthLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Gillian Riordan
- Department of Pediatric NeurologyRed Cross War Memorial Children's HospitalCape TownSouth Africa
| | - Lisa Riley
- Genetic Metabolic Disorders Research Unit and Western Sydney Genetics Program, Children's Hospital at WestmeadSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
- Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health and Genetic Medicine, Sydney Medical School, University of SydneySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Benjamin Roeben
- Department of NeurodegenerationHertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of TübingenTübingenGermany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE)TübingenGermany
| | - Frank Rutsch
- Department of General PediatricsMünster University Children's HospitalMünsterGermany
| | - Rene Santer
- Department of PediatricsUniversity Medical Center EppendorfHamburgGermany
| | - Manuel Schiff
- Reference Center for Inherited Metabolic Diseases, AP‐HP, Robert Debré Hospital, University Paris Diderot‐Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France AND INSERM U1141ParisFrance
| | - Martine Seders
- Department of Human GeneticsRadboud University Medical CenterNijmegenthe Netherlands
| | | | - Wolfgang Sperl
- Department of PediatricsSalzburg State Hospitals and Paracelsus Medical UniversitySalzburgAustria
| | - Christian Staufner
- Department of General Pediatrics, Division of Neuropediatrics and Pediatric Metabolic MedicineUniversity Hospital HeidelbergHeidelbergGermany
| | - Matthis Synofzik
- Department of NeurodegenerationHertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of TübingenTübingenGermany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE)TübingenGermany
| | - Robert W. Taylor
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial ResearchInstitute of Neuroscience, The Medical School, Newcastle UniversityNewcastle upon TyneUnited Kingdom
| | - Joanna Trubicka
- Department of Medical GeneticsChildren's Memorial Health InstituteWarsawPoland
| | | | - Ozlem Unal
- Division of Metabolic DiseasesHacettepe University Children's HospitalAnkaraTurkey
| | | | - Yehani Wedatilake
- University College London Great Ormond Street Institute of Child HealthLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Toni Wolff
- Nottingham University Hospitals National Health Service Trust, Nottingham Children's HospitalNottinghamUnited Kingdom
| | - Holger Prokisch
- Institute of Human GeneticsTechnische UniversitätMünchenMunichGermany
- Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Center MunichNeuherbergGermany
| | - Eva Morava
- Hayward Genetics Center and Department of PediatricsTulane University Medical SchoolNew OrleansLA
| | - Ewa Pronicka
- Department of Pediatrics, Nutrition and Metabolic DiseasesChildren's Memorial Health InstituteWarsawPoland
| | - Ron A. Wevers
- Translational Metabolic Laboratory, Department of Laboratory MedicineRadboud University Medical CenterNijmegenthe Netherlands
| | - Arjan P. de Brouwer
- Department of Human GeneticsRadboud University Medical CenterNijmegenthe Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Radboud University Medical CenterNijmegenthe Netherlands
| | - Saskia B. Wortmann
- Institute of Human GeneticsTechnische UniversitätMünchenMunichGermany
- Department of PediatricsSalzburg State Hospitals and Paracelsus Medical UniversitySalzburgAustria
- Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Center MunichNeuherbergGermany
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27
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Dard R, Meyniel C, Touitou V, Stevanin G, Lamari F, Durr A, Ewenczyk C, Mochel F. Mutations in DDHD1 , encoding a phospholipase A1, is a novel cause of retinopathy and neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation. Eur J Med Genet 2017; 60:639-642. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2017.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Revised: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 08/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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28
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Sandlers Y. The future perspective: metabolomics in laboratory medicine for inborn errors of metabolism. Transl Res 2017; 189:65-75. [PMID: 28675806 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2017.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Revised: 06/06/2017] [Accepted: 06/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Metabolomics can be described as a simultaneous and comprehensive analysis of small molecules in a biological sample. Recent technological and bioinformatics advances have facilitated large-scale metabolomic studies in many areas, including inborn errors of metabolism (IEMs). Despite significant improvements in the diagnosis and treatment of some IEMs, it is still challenging to understand how genetic variation affects disease progression and susceptibility. In addition, a search for new more personalized therapies and a growing demand for tools to monitor the long-term metabolic effects of existing therapies set the stage for metabolomics integration in preclinical and clinical studies. While targeted metabolomics approach is a common practice in biochemical genetics laboratories for biochemical diagnosis and monitoring of IEMs, applications of untargeted metabolomics in the clinical laboratories are still in infancy, facing some challenges. It is however, expected in the future to dramatically change the scope and utility of the clinical laboratory playing a significant role in patient management. This review provides an overview of targeted and global, large-scale metabolomic studies applied to investigate various IEMs. We discuss an existing and prospective clinical applications of metabolomics in IEMs for better diagnosis and deep understanding of complex metabolic perturbations associated with the etiology of inherited metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yana Sandlers
- Department of Chemistry, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, Ohio.
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29
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Diseases of the Synaptic Vesicle: A Potential New Group of Neurometabolic Disorders Affecting Neurotransmission. Semin Pediatr Neurol 2016; 23:306-320. [PMID: 28284392 DOI: 10.1016/j.spen.2016.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The general concept of inborn error of metabolism is currently evolving into the interface between classical biochemistry and cellular biology. Basic neuroscience is providing increasing knowledge about the mechanisms of neurotransmission and novel related disorders are being described. There is a necessity of updating the classic concept of "inborn error of neurotransmitters (NT)" that considers mainly defects of synthesis and catabolism and transport of low weight NT molecules. Monogenic defects of the synaptic vesicle (SV), and especially those affecting the SV cycle are a potential new group of NT disorders since they end up in abnormal NT turnover and release. The most common clinical manifestations include epilepsy, intellectual disability, autism and movement disorders, and are in the continuum symptoms of synaptopathies. Interestingly, brain malformations and neurodegenerative conditions are also present within SV diseases. Metabolomics, proteomics, and other -omic techniques probably will provide biomarkers and contribute to therapeutic targets in the future.
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30
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Butterfield DA, Reed TT. Lipid peroxidation and tyrosine nitration in traumatic brain injury: Insights into secondary injury from redox proteomics. Proteomics Clin Appl 2016; 10:1191-1204. [PMID: 27588567 DOI: 10.1002/prca.201600003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2016] [Revised: 08/12/2016] [Accepted: 08/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a spontaneous event in which sudden trauma and secondary injury cause brain damage. Symptoms of TBI can range from mild to severe depending on extent of injury. The outcome can span from complete patient recovery to permanent memory loss and neurological decline. Currently, there is no known cure for TBI; however, immediate medical attention after injury is most beneficial for patient recovery. It is a well-established concept that imbalances in the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), reactive nitrogen species (RNS), and native antioxidant mechanisms have been shown to increase oxidative stress. Over the years, proteomics has been used to identify specific biomarkers in diseases such as cancers and neurological disorders such as Alzheimer disease and Parkinson disease. As TBI is a risk factor for a multitude of neurological diseases, biomarkers for this phenomenon are a likely field of study in order to confirm diagnosis. This review highlights the current proteomics studies that investigated excessively nitrated proteins and those altered by lipid peroxidation in TBI. This review also highlights possible diagnostic measures and provides insights for future treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Allan Butterfield
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.,Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.,Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Tanea T Reed
- Department of Chemistry, Eastern Kentucky University, Richmond, KY, USA
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31
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Guarani V, Jardel C, Chrétien D, Lombès A, Bénit P, Labasse C, Lacène E, Bourillon A, Imbard A, Benoist JF, Dorboz I, Gilleron M, Goetzman ES, Gaignard P, Slama A, Elmaleh-Bergès M, Romero NB, Rustin P, Ogier de Baulny H, Paulo JA, Harper JW, Schiff M. QIL1 mutation causes MICOS disassembly and early onset fatal mitochondrial encephalopathy with liver disease. eLife 2016; 5. [PMID: 27623147 PMCID: PMC5021520 DOI: 10.7554/elife.17163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Previously, we identified QIL1 as a subunit of mitochondrial contact site (MICOS) complex and demonstrated a role for QIL1 in MICOS assembly, mitochondrial respiration, and cristae formation critical for mitochondrial architecture (Guarani et al., 2015). Here, we identify QIL1 null alleles in two siblings displaying multiple clinical symptoms of early-onset fatal mitochondrial encephalopathy with liver disease, including defects in respiratory chain function in patient muscle. QIL1 absence in patients' fibroblasts was associated with MICOS disassembly, abnormal cristae, mild cytochrome c oxidase defect, and sensitivity to glucose withdrawal. QIL1 expression rescued cristae defects, and promoted re-accumulation of MICOS subunits to facilitate MICOS assembly. MICOS assembly and cristae morphology were not efficiently rescued by over-expression of other MICOS subunits in patient fibroblasts. Taken together, these data provide the first evidence of altered MICOS assembly linked with a human mitochondrial disease and confirm a central role for QIL1 in stable MICOS complex formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginia Guarani
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| | - Claude Jardel
- Inserm U1016, Institut Cochin, CNRS UMR 8104, Paris, France.,Department of Biochemistry, APHP, GHU Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France.,Université Paris-Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Dominique Chrétien
- UMR1141, PROTECT, INSERM, Université Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Anne Lombès
- Inserm U1016, Institut Cochin, CNRS UMR 8104, Paris, France.,Department of Biochemistry, APHP, GHU Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France.,Université Paris-Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Paule Bénit
- UMR1141, PROTECT, INSERM, Université Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Clémence Labasse
- Neuromuscular morphology unit, Institut de Myologie, GHU Pitié-Salpêtrière, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Emmanuelle Lacène
- Neuromuscular morphology unit, Institut de Myologie, GHU Pitié-Salpêtrière, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Agnès Bourillon
- Department of Biochemistry, Hôpital Robert Debré, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Apolline Imbard
- Department of Biochemistry, Hôpital Robert Debré, APHP, Paris, France
| | | | - Imen Dorboz
- UMR1141, PROTECT, INSERM, Université Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Mylène Gilleron
- Inserm U1016, Institut Cochin, CNRS UMR 8104, Paris, France.,Department of Biochemistry, APHP, GHU Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France.,Université Paris-Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Eric S Goetzman
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, United States.,University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, United States.,Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Pittsburgh, United States
| | - Pauline Gaignard
- Department of Biochemistry, Hôpital Bicêtre, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Abdelhamid Slama
- Department of Biochemistry, Hôpital Bicêtre, APHP, Paris, France
| | | | - Norma B Romero
- Neuromuscular morphology unit, Institut de Myologie, GHU Pitié-Salpêtrière, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Pierre Rustin
- UMR1141, PROTECT, INSERM, Université Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Hélène Ogier de Baulny
- Reference Center for Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Robert Debré University Hospital, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Joao A Paulo
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| | - J Wade Harper
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| | - Manuel Schiff
- UMR1141, PROTECT, INSERM, Université Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,Reference Center for Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Robert Debré University Hospital, APHP, Paris, France
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32
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Harbulot C, Paquay S, Dorboz I, Pichard S, Bourillon A, Benoist JF, Jardel C, Ogier de Baulny H, Boespflug-Tanguy O, Schiff M. Transient neonatal renal failure and massive polyuria in MEGDEL syndrome. Mol Genet Metab Rep 2016; 7:8-10. [PMID: 27331002 PMCID: PMC4908062 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgmr.2016.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Revised: 03/03/2016] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND MEGDEL (3-methylglutaconic aciduria with deafness, encephalopathy, and Leigh-like syndrome) syndrome is a mitochondrial disorder associated with recessive mutations in SERAC1. OBJECTIVES To report transient neonatal renal findings in MEGDEL syndrome. RESULTS This 7 year-old girl was the first child of consanguineous Turkish parents. She exhibited an acute neonatal deterioration with severe lactic acidosis and liver failure. Initial evaluation revealed massive polyuria and renal failure with 3-methylglutaconic aciduria. Symptoms and biological findings progressively improved with symptomatic treatment but lactic acidosis and high lactate to pyruvate ratio along with 3-methylglutaconic aciduria persisted. At 8 months of age, a subacute neurological degradation occurred with severe hypotonia, dystonia with extrapyramidal movements and failure to thrive. Brain MRI revealed basal ganglia lesions suggestive of Leigh syndrome. At 3 years of age, sensorineural deafness was documented. MEGDEL syndrome was further confirmed by the identification of an already reported homozygous mutation in SERAC1. CONCLUSION Transient neonatal polyuria and renal failure have not been reported to date in SERAC1 defective patients. Such neonatal kidney findings expand the clinical spectrum of MEGDEL syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stéphanie Paquay
- Child Neurology, Hôpital Robert Debré, APHP, Paris, France; Reference Center for Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Robert Debré University Hospital, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Imen Dorboz
- Inserm U1141 and Université Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, site Robert Debré, Paris, France
| | - Samia Pichard
- Child Neurology, Hôpital Robert Debré, APHP, Paris, France; Reference Center for Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Robert Debré University Hospital, APHP, Paris, France
| | | | | | - Claude Jardel
- Biochemistry, Hôpital de la Salpêtrière, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Hélène Ogier de Baulny
- Child Neurology, Hôpital Robert Debré, APHP, Paris, France; Reference Center for Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Robert Debré University Hospital, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Odile Boespflug-Tanguy
- Child Neurology, Hôpital Robert Debré, APHP, Paris, France; Inserm U1141 and Université Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, site Robert Debré, Paris, France
| | - Manuel Schiff
- Child Neurology, Hôpital Robert Debré, APHP, Paris, France; Reference Center for Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Robert Debré University Hospital, APHP, Paris, France; Inserm U1141 and Université Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, site Robert Debré, Paris, France
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Membrane Lipids in Presynaptic Function and Disease. Neuron 2016; 90:11-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2016.02.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2015] [Revised: 01/28/2016] [Accepted: 02/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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