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Jessat J, John WA, Moll H, Vogel M, Steudtner R, Drobot B, Hübner R, Stumpf T, Sachs S. Localization and chemical speciation of europium(III) in Brassica napus plants. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 254:114741. [PMID: 36950990 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
For the reliable safety assessment of repositories of highly radioactive waste, further development of the modelling of radionuclide migration and transfer in the environment is necessary, which requires a deeper process understanding at the molecular level. Eu(III) is a non-radioactive analogue for trivalent actinides, which contribute heavily to radiotoxicity in a repository. For in-depth study of the interaction of plants with trivalent f elements, we investigated the uptake, speciation, and localization of Eu(III) in Brassica napus plants at two concentrations, 30 and 200 µM, as a function of the incubation time up to 72 h. Eu(III) was used as luminescence probe for combined microscopy and chemical speciation analyses of it in Brassica napus plants. The localization of bioassociated Eu(III) in plant parts was explored by spatially resolved chemical microscopy. Three Eu(III) species were identified in the root tissue. Moreover, different luminescence spectroscopic techniques were applied for an improved Eu(III) species determination in solution. In addition, transmission electron microscopy combined with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy was used to localize Eu(III) in the plant tissue, showing Eu-containing aggregates. By using this multi-method setup, a profound knowledge on the behavior of Eu(III) within plants and changes in its speciation could be obtained, showing that different Eu(III) species occur simultaneously within the root tissue and in solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Jessat
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Resource Ecology, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Warren A John
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Resource Ecology, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Henry Moll
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Resource Ecology, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Manja Vogel
- HZDR Innovation GmbH, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany; VKTA - Strahlenschutz, Analytik & Entsorgung Rossendorf e.V., Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Robin Steudtner
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Resource Ecology, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Björn Drobot
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Resource Ecology, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - René Hübner
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Ion Beam Physics and Materials Research, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Thorsten Stumpf
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Resource Ecology, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Susanne Sachs
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Resource Ecology, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany.
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Zhang D, Liu J, Zhang Y, Wang H, Wei S, Zhang X, Zhang D, Ma H, Ding Q, Ma L. Morphophysiological, proteomic and metabolomic analyses reveal cadmium tolerance mechanism in common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 445:130499. [PMID: 36455318 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.130499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Soil cadmium (Cd) contamination can reduce wheat yield and quality, thus threatening food security and human health. Herein, morphological physiology, Cd accumulation and distribution, proteomic and metabolomic analyses were performed (using wheat cultivars 'Luomai23' (LM, Cd-sensitive) and 'Zhongyu10' (ZY, Cd-tolerant) at the seedling stage with sand culture) to reveal Cd tolerance mechanism. Cd inhibited wheat growth, caused oxidative stress, hindered carbon and nitrogen metabolism, and altered the quantity and composition of root exudates. The root Cd concentration was lower in ZY than in LM by about 35% under 15 μM Cd treatments. ZY reduced Cd uptake through root exudation of amino acids and alkaloids. ZY also reduced Cd accumulation through specific up-regulation (twice) of major facilitator superfamily (MFS) proteins. Furthermore, ZY enhanced Cd cell wall fixation and vacuolar compartmentalization by increasing pectin contents, hemicellulose1 contents, and adenosine triphosphate binding cassette subfamily C member 1 (ABCC1) transporter expression, thus reducing the Cd organelle fraction of ZY by about 12% and 44% in root and shoot, respectively, compared with LM. Additionally, ZY had enhanced resilience to Cd due to increased antioxidant capacity, plasma membrane stability, nitrogen metabolism, and endoplasmic reticulum homeostasis, indicating that the increased Cd tolerance could be because of multi-level coordination. These findings provide a reference for exploring the molecular mechanism of Cd tolerance and accumulation, providing a basis for safe utilization of Cd-contaminated soil by breeding Cd-tolerant and low Cd-accumulating wheat varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dazhong Zhang
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Jiajia Liu
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Yuanbo Zhang
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Hairong Wang
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Shuwei Wei
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Ding Zhang
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Haosen Ma
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Qin Ding
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Lingjian Ma
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
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Wu F, Wei P, Li X, Huang M, Zhou L, Liu Z. Research progress of rhizosphere effect in the phytoremediation of uranium-contaminated soil. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-022-08630-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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4
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Jessat J, Moll H, John WA, Bilke ML, Hübner R, Kretzschmar J, Steudtner R, Drobot B, Stumpf T, Sachs S. A comprehensive study on the interaction of Eu(III) and U(VI) with plant cells (Daucus carota) in suspension. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 439:129520. [PMID: 35908404 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Daucus carota suspension cells showed a high affinity towards Eu(III) and U(VI) based on a single-step bioassociation process with an equilibrium after 48-72 h. Cells responded with an increased metabolic activity towards heavy metal stress. Luminescence spectroscopy pointed to multiple species for both f-block elements in the culture media, providing initial hints of their interaction with cells and released metabolites. Using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, we could prove that malate, as an released metabolite in the culture medium, was found to complex with U. Luminescence spectroscopy also showed that Eu(III)-EDTA species are interacting with the cells. Furthermore, Eu(III) and U(VI) coordination is dominated by phosphate groups provided by the cells. We found that Ca ion channels of D. carota cells were involved in the uptake of U(VI), which led to a bioprecipitation of U(VI) in the vacuole of the cells, most probably as uranyl(VI) phosphates along with an intracellular sorption of U(VI) on biomembranes by lipid structures. Eu(III) could be found locally concentrated in the cell wall and in the cytoplasm with a co-localization with phosphorous and oxygen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Jessat
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Resource Ecology, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Henry Moll
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Resource Ecology, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Warren A John
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Resource Ecology, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Marie-Louise Bilke
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Resource Ecology, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - René Hübner
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Ion Beam Physics and Materials Research, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Jerome Kretzschmar
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Resource Ecology, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Robin Steudtner
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Resource Ecology, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Björn Drobot
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Resource Ecology, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Thorsten Stumpf
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Resource Ecology, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Susanne Sachs
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Resource Ecology, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany.
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Liu J, Zhang D, Zhang Y, Zhou H, Chen P, Yuan Y, Yang Q, Zhao L, Feng B. Dynamic and Comparative Transcriptome Analyses Reveal Key Factors Contributing to Cadmium Tolerance in Broomcorn Millet. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23116148. [PMID: 35682827 PMCID: PMC9181813 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23116148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Broomcorn millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) has great potential in Cd phytoextraction, but its mechanisms are largely unknown. Two contrasting broomcorn millet varieties, 'Ningmi6' (Cd-sensitive variety) and '4452' (Cd-tolerant variety), were investigated through morphological, physiological, and transcriptomic analyses to determine the factors responsible for their differential Cd tolerance and translocation. The Cd-tolerant variety can accumulate more Cd, and its cell wall and vacuole component Cd proportions were higher compared with the Cd-sensitive variety. Under Cd stress, the glutathione content and peroxidase activity of the Cd-tolerant variety were significantly higher than those of the Cd-sensitive variety. Additionally, weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) revealed hub modules that were associated with Cd stress and/or variety. Notably, genes involved in these hub modules were significantly enriched for roles in glutathione metabolism, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, ABC transport, and metal ion transport process. These results suggested that regulation of genes associated with cell wall precipitation and vacuole compartmentalization may increase Cd tolerance and reduce Cd translocation in the Cd-tolerant variety, although it can absorb more Cd. This study provides a foundation for exploring molecular mechanisms of Cd tolerance and transport in broomcorn millet and new insights into improving Cd phytoremediation with this crop through genetic engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A & F University, Xianyang 712100, China; (J.L.); (D.Z.); (Y.Z.); (H.Z.); (P.C.); (Y.Y.); (Q.Y.)
| | - Dazhong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A & F University, Xianyang 712100, China; (J.L.); (D.Z.); (Y.Z.); (H.Z.); (P.C.); (Y.Y.); (Q.Y.)
| | - Yuanbo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A & F University, Xianyang 712100, China; (J.L.); (D.Z.); (Y.Z.); (H.Z.); (P.C.); (Y.Y.); (Q.Y.)
| | - Hao Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A & F University, Xianyang 712100, China; (J.L.); (D.Z.); (Y.Z.); (H.Z.); (P.C.); (Y.Y.); (Q.Y.)
| | - Pengliang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A & F University, Xianyang 712100, China; (J.L.); (D.Z.); (Y.Z.); (H.Z.); (P.C.); (Y.Y.); (Q.Y.)
| | - Yuhao Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A & F University, Xianyang 712100, China; (J.L.); (D.Z.); (Y.Z.); (H.Z.); (P.C.); (Y.Y.); (Q.Y.)
| | - Qinghua Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A & F University, Xianyang 712100, China; (J.L.); (D.Z.); (Y.Z.); (H.Z.); (P.C.); (Y.Y.); (Q.Y.)
| | - Lin Zhao
- Shaanxi Provincial Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Xi’an 710061, China
- Correspondence: (L.Z.); (B.F.)
| | - Baili Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A & F University, Xianyang 712100, China; (J.L.); (D.Z.); (Y.Z.); (H.Z.); (P.C.); (Y.Y.); (Q.Y.)
- Correspondence: (L.Z.); (B.F.)
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Chelating Agents in Assisting Phytoremediation of Uranium-Contaminated Soils: A Review. SUSTAINABILITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/su14106379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Massive stockpiles of uranium (U) mine tailings have resulted in soil contamination with U. Plants for soil remediation have low extraction efficiency of U. Chelating agents can mobilize U in soils and, hence, enhance phytoextraction of U from the soil. However, the rapid mobilization rate of soil U by chelating agents in a short period than plant uptake rate could increase the risk of groundwater contamination with soluble U leaching down the soil profile. This review summarizes recent progresses in synthesis and application of chelating agents for assisting phytoremediation of U-contaminated soils. In detail, the interactions between chelating agents and U ions are initially elucidated. Subsequently, the mechanisms of phytoextraction and effectiveness of different chelating agents for phytoremediation of U-contaminated soils are given. Moreover, the potential risks associated with chelating agents are discussed. Finally, the synthesis and application of slow-release chelating agents for slowing down metal mobilization in soils are presented. The application of slow-release chelating agents for enhancing phytoextraction of soil U is still scarce. Hence, we propose the preparation of slow-release biodegradable chelating agents, which can control the release speed of chelating agent into the soil in order to match the mobilization rate of soil U with plant uptake rate, while diminishing the risk of residual chelating agent leaching to groundwater.
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Rong L, Zhang S, Wang J, Li S, Xie S, Wang G. Phytoremediation of uranium-contaminated soil by perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) enhanced with citric acid application. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:33002-33012. [PMID: 35020149 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-18600-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) was planted in uranium-contaminated soil mixtures supplemented with different amounts of citric acid to investigate the defense strategies of perennial ryegrass against U and the enhanced mechanism of citric acid on the remediation efficiency in the laboratory. The uranium content in the plant tissues showed that the roots were the predominant tissue for uranium accumulation. In both root and shoot cells, the majority of U was located in the cell wall fraction. Furthermore, antioxidant enzymes were also stimulated when exposed to U stress. These results suggested that perennial ryegrass had evolved defense strategies, such as U sequestration in root tissue, compartmentalization in the cell wall, and antioxidant enzyme systems, to minimize uranium stress. For an enhanced mechanism, the optimal concentration of citric acid was 5 mmol/kg, and the removal efficiency of U in the shoots and roots increased by 47.37% and 30.10%, respectively. The treatment with 5 mmol/kg citric acid had the highest contents of photosynthetic pigment and soluble protein, the highest activity of antioxidant enzymes, and the lowest content of MDA (malondialdehyde) and relative electrical conductivity. Moreover, the TEM (transmission electron microscope) results revealed that after 5 mmol/kg citric acid was added, the cell structure of plant branches partially returned to normal, the number of mitochondria increased, chloroplast surfaces seemed normal, and the cell wall became visible. The damage to the cell ultrastructure of perennial ryegrass was significantly alleviated by treatment with 5 mmol/kg citric acid. All the results above indicated that perennial ryegrass could accumulate uranium with elevated uranium tolerance and enrichment ability with 5 mmol/kg citric acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lishan Rong
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Technology, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiqi Zhang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Technology, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiali Wang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Technology, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiyou Li
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Technology, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuibo Xie
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Technology, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, People's Republic of China
| | - Guohua Wang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Technology, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, People's Republic of China.
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Yin Q, Lyu P, Wang G, Wang B, Li Y, Zhou Z, Guo Y, Li L, Deng N. Phosphorus-modified biochar cross-linked Mg-Al layered double-hydroxide stabilizer reduced U and Pb uptake by Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.) in uranium contaminated soil. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 234:113363. [PMID: 35248924 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The decommissioning of uranium tailings (UMT) is usually accompanied by uranium (U) contamination in soil, which poses a serious threat to human health and ecological security. Therefore, the remediation of uranium pollution in soil is imminent from ecological and environmental points of view. In recent years, the use of biochar stabilizers to repair uranium tailings (UMT) soil has become a research hotspot. In this study, a novel phosphorus-modified bamboo biochar (PBC) cross-linked Mg-Al layered double-hydroxide composite (PBC@LDH) was prepared. The hyperaccumulator plant Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.) was selected as the test plant for outdoor pot experiments, and the stabilizers were added to the UMT soil at the dosage ratio of 15 g kg-1, which verified the bioconcentrate and translocate of U and associated heavy metal Pb in the UMT soil by Indian mustard after stabilizer remediated. The results shown that, after 50 days of growth, compared with the untreated sample (CK), the Indian mustard in PBC@LDH treatment possessed a better growth and its biomass weight of whole plant was increased by 52.7%. Meanwhile, the bioconcentration factors (BF) of U and Pb for PBC@LDH treatment were significantly decreased by 73.4% and 34.2%, respectively; and the translocation factors (TF) were also commendable reduced by 15.1% and 2.4%, respectively. Furthermore, the Tessier available forms of U and Pb in rhizosphere soil showed a remarkably decrease compared with CK, which reached by 55.97% and 14.1% after PBC@LDH stabilization, respectively. Complexation, precipitation, and reduction of functional groups released by PBC@LDH with U and Pb described the immobilization mechanisms of biochar stabilizer preventing U and Pb enrichment in Indian mustard. As well as, the formation of U-containing vesicles was prevented by the precipitation of -OH functional groups with free U and Pb ions around the cell tissue fluids and vascular bundle structure of plant roots, thereby reducing the migration risk of toxic heavy metals to above-ground parts. In conclusion, this research demonstrates that the PBC@LDH stabilizer offers a potentially effective amendment for the remediation of U contaminated soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuling Yin
- School of Water Resources & Environmental Engineering, East China University of Technology, Nanchang 330013, China
| | - Peng Lyu
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100101, China; Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Guanghui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Resources and Environment, East China University of Technology, Nanchang 330013, China; School of Water Resources & Environmental Engineering, East China University of Technology, Nanchang 330013, China.
| | - Bing Wang
- School of Water Resources & Environmental Engineering, East China University of Technology, Nanchang 330013, China
| | - Yingjie Li
- School of Water Resources & Environmental Engineering, East China University of Technology, Nanchang 330013, China
| | - Zhongkui Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Resources and Environment, East China University of Technology, Nanchang 330013, China; School of Water Resources & Environmental Engineering, East China University of Technology, Nanchang 330013, China
| | - Yadan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Resources and Environment, East China University of Technology, Nanchang 330013, China; School of Water Resources & Environmental Engineering, East China University of Technology, Nanchang 330013, China
| | - Lianfang Li
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100101, China; Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Nansheng Deng
- School of Resources and Environmental Science, Wuhan University,Wuhan 430079, China
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Zhang D, Zhou H, Shao L, Wang H, Zhang Y, Zhu T, Ma L, Ding Q, Ma L. Root characteristics critical for cadmium tolerance and reduced accumulation in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 305:114365. [PMID: 34953227 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.114365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Root radial transport is important for cadmium (Cd) absorption and root-shoot translocation. However, the relationship between root structural characteristics and radial transport of Cd in wheat is still unclear. Six wheat cultivars with different Cd tolerance and accumulation characteristics were used to investigate the roles of root phenotype, microstructure, and apoplastic and symplastic pathways in Cd uptake and root-shoot transport in pot culture. Longer root length, smaller root diameter, and more numerous root tips were more conducive to Cd absorption, while thicker roots were able to retain more Cd, thus reducing root-shoot transport and improving Cd tolerance of shoots. Cd stress can induce the deposition of apoplastic barriers in wheat roots, and the deposition of the apoplastic barrier increases under greater stress. The formation of apoplastic barriers can reduce Cd absorption and transfer to the shoot, and the presence of passage cells can weaken this effect. The cell wall thickening induced by Cd stress enhanced Cd adsorption capacity in wheat roots, but there was no significant correlation between Cd content and polysaccharide content in the cell wall. The up-regulated expression of TaHMA3 and TaVP1, which encode proteins related to Cd compartmentalization, was associated with increased Cd tolerance in wheat and decreased Cd translocation to aboveground parts. The morphology and anatomy of roots appear to play critical roles in Cd tolerance, uptake, and translocation in wheat. The present study provides useful information for the selection of wheat cultivars with low Cd accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dazhong Zhang
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hao Zhou
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Leilei Shao
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hairong Wang
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuanbo Zhang
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ting Zhu
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Liting Ma
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qin Ding
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lingjian Ma
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.
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Zhang Y, Yang X, Luo ZX, Lai JL, Li C, Luo XG. Effects of polystyrene nanoplastics (PSNPs) on the physiology and molecular metabolism of corn (Zea mays L.) seedlings. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 806:150895. [PMID: 34655622 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The effects of polystyrene nanoplastics (PSNPs) on the physiological and molecular metabolism of corn seedlings were examined by treating corn (Zea mays L.) seedlings with 100, 300, and 500 nm diameter PSNPs and examining plant photosynthetic characteristics, antioxidant enzyme systems, and molecular metabolism. After 15 days of exposure to PSNPs with different particle sizes (50 mg·L-1), the photosynthetic characteristics of the plant remained stable, and the maximum photochemical quantum yield (Fv/Fm) and non-photochemical quenching coefficient (NPQ) had no significant effects. The root microstructure was damaged and the antioxidant enzyme system was activated, and the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) was significantly increased by 2.25-4.50-fold. In addition, 100 nm and 300 nm PSNPs exposure caused root superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity to increase 1.28-fold and 1.53-fold, and glutathione-peroxidase (GSH-PX) activity increased 1.30-fold and 1.58-fold. Non-targeted metabolomics analysis identified a total of 304 metabolites. Exposure to 100, 300, and 500 nm PSNPs led to the production of 85 (upregulated: 85, downregulated: 0), 73 (upregulated: 73, downregulated: 0), and 86 (upregulated: 84, downregulated: 2) differentially expressed metabolites, respectively, in the plant roots. Co-expressed differential metabolites accounted for 38.2% of the metabolites and indicated a metabolic imbalance primarily in organic acids and derivatives in the root system. The most significant enrichment pathways were those of alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism. Overall, exposure to PSNPs of different particle sizes activated the root antioxidant enzyme system and interfered with plant basic metabolism. The alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolic pathways appear to be closely related to plant mechanisms for tolerance/detoxification of PSNPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Xu Yang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Zhong-Xu Luo
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Jin-Long Lai
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China; State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing 102205, China
| | - Chen Li
- College of Chemical and Environment Science, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong 723000, China
| | - Xue-Gang Luo
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China.
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11
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Wang G, Wang B, Fan W, Deng N. Enhanced phytoremediation of uranium-contaminated soils by Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.) using slow release citric acid. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:61061-61071. [PMID: 34165752 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-14964-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a novel slow release carrier for the controlled release of citric acid (CA), hydroxypropyl chitosan-graft-carboxymethyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPCS-g-CMCD) was synthesized by the grafting reaction of carboxymethyl-β-cyclodextrin (CMCD) with hydroxypropyl chitosan (HPCS), and the structural characteristics of HPCS-g-CMCD were confirmed by FT-IR, TGA, and NMR. Based on HPCS-g-CMCD and CA, slow release citric acid (SRCA) was prepared by a spray drying method. HPCS-g-CMCD carrier has a better slow release performance for CA compared to HPCS and CMCD, and CA release mechanism was attributed to a Fickian diffusion. Furthermore, the release behavior of uranium in contaminated soil could be effectively controlled by SRCA. The effects of SRCA on improving the phytoremediation capacity in uranium-contaminated soil were investigated using Brassica juncea, which were grown in pots containing soil with uranium at 56 mg kg-1. After 50 days of growth, 5 mmol kg-1 of CA, SRCA I, SRCA II, and SRCA III was applied, respectively. The results showed that slow release citric acid could enhance the uptake of uranium in Indian mustard. Uranium concentration in the root with SRCA I treatment was increased by 80.25% compared to the control, and the uranium removal efficiency of the SRCA I treatment was 1.66-fold greater than that of the control. Simultaneously, the leaching loss of uranium in SRCA I-treated soil was decreased by 37.35% compared to CA-treated soil. As a promising remediation strategy, SRCA-assisted phytoremediation may provide a kind of feasible technology with low leaching risk for remediation of uranium-contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanghui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Resources and Environment, East China University of Technology, Nanchang, 330013, PR, China.
- School of Water Resources & Environmental Engineering, East China University of Technology, Nanchang, 330013, PR, China.
| | - Bing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Resources and Environment, East China University of Technology, Nanchang, 330013, PR, China
| | - Wenzhe Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Resources and Environment, East China University of Technology, Nanchang, 330013, PR, China
| | - Nansheng Deng
- School of Resources and Environmental Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, China
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12
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Yuan Y, Liu C, Gao Y, Ma Q, Yang Q, Feng B. Proso millet (Panicum miliaceum L.): A potential crop to meet demand scenario for sustainable saline agriculture. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 296:113216. [PMID: 34237674 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Proso millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) is resilient to abiotic stress, especially to land degradation caused by soil salinization. However, the mechanisms by which its roots adapt and tolerate salt stress are obscure. In this study, plants of a salt-sensitive cultivar (SS 212) and a salt-tolerant cultivar (ST 47) of proso millet were exposed to severe salt stress and subsequent re-watering. ST 47 exhibited greater salt tolerance than SS 212, as evidenced by higher increases in total root length (TRL), root surface area (RSA), root tip number (RTN). Moreover, microstructural analysis showed that relative to SS 212, the roots of ST 47 could maintain more intact internal structures and thicker cell walls under salt stress. Digital RNA sequence analysis revealed that ST 47 maintained better Na+/K+ balance to resist Na+ toxicity via a higher capability to restrict Na+ uptake, vacuolar Na+ sequestration, and Na+ exclusion. The mechanism for Na+ toxicity resistance in ST 47 involved promoting cell wall composition changes via efficient regulation of galactose metabolism and biosynthesis of cellulose and phenylpropanoids. Overall, this study provides valuable salt-tolerant cultivar resources and mechanisms for regulating salt tolerance, which could be applied for the rehabilitation of saline lands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhao Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chunjuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yongbin Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qian Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qinghua Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Baili Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.
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Chen L, Liu J, Zhang W, Zhou J, Luo D, Li Z. Uranium (U) source, speciation, uptake, toxicity and bioremediation strategies in soil-plant system: A review. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 413:125319. [PMID: 33582470 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Uranium(U), a highly toxic radionuclide, is becoming a great threat to soil health development, as returning nuclear waste containing U into the soil systems is increased. Numerous studies have focused on: i) tracing the source in U contaminated soils; ii) exploring U geochemistry; and iii) assessing U phyto-uptake and its toxicity to plants. Yet, there are few literature reviews that systematically summarized the U in soil-plant system in past decade. Thus, we present its source, geochemical behavior, uptake, toxicity, detoxification, and bioremediation strategies based on available data, especially published from 2018 to 2021. In this review, we examine processes that can lead to the soil U contamination, indicating that mining activities are currently the main sources. We discuss the relationship between U bioavailability in the soil-plant system and soil conditions including redox potential, soil pH, organic matter, and microorganisms. We then review the soil-plant transfer of U, finding that U mainly accumulates in roots with a quite limited translocation. However, plants such as willow, water lily, and sesban are reported to translocate high U levels from roots to aerial parts. Indeed, U does not possess any identified biological role, but provokes numerous deleterious effects such as reducing seed germination, inhibiting plant growth, depressing photosynthesis, interfering with nutrient uptake, as well as oxidative damage and genotoxicity. Yet, plants tolerate U toxicity via various defense strategies including antioxidant enzymes, compartmentalization, and phytochelatin. Moreover, we review two biological remediation strategies for U-contaminated soil: (i) phytoremediation and (ii) microbial remediation. They are quite low-cost and eco-friendly compared with traditional physical or chemical remediation technologies. Finally, we conclude some promising research challenges regarding U biogeochemical behavior in soil-plant systems. This review, thus, further indicates that the combined application of U low accumulators and microbial inoculants may be an effective strategy for the bioremediation of U-contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems; Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, Gansu Tech Innovation Center of Western China Grassland Industry; College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, PR China
| | - Jinrong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems; Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, Gansu Tech Innovation Center of Western China Grassland Industry; College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, PR China.
| | - Weixiong Zhang
- Third Institute Geological and Mineral Exploration of Gansu Provincial Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources, Lanzhou 730030, Gansu, PR China
| | - Jiqiang Zhou
- Gansu Nonferrous Engineering Exploration & Design Research Institute, Lanzhou 730030, Gansu, PR China
| | - Danqi Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems; Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, Gansu Tech Innovation Center of Western China Grassland Industry; College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, PR China
| | - Zimin Li
- Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Earth and Life Institute, Soil Science, Louvain-La-Neuve 1348, Belgium.
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Jessat J, Sachs S, Moll H, John W, Steudtner R, Hübner R, Bok F, Stumpf T. Bioassociation of U(VI) and Eu(III) by Plant ( Brassica napus) Suspension Cell Cultures-A Spectroscopic Investigation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:6718-6728. [PMID: 33929840 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c05881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the interaction of U(VI) and Eu(III) with Brassica napus suspension plant cells as a model system. Concentration-dependent (0-200 μM) bioassociation experiments showed that more than 75% of U(VI) and Eu(III) were immobilized by the cells. In addition to this phenomenon, time-dependent studies for 1 to 72 h of exposure showed a multistage bioassociation process for cells that were exposed to 200 μM U(VI), where, after initial immobilization of U(VI) within 1 h of exposure, it was released back into the culture medium starting within 24 h. A remobilization to this extent has not been previously observed. The MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay was used to correlate the bioassociation behavior of Eu and U with the cell vitality. Speciation studies by spectroscopy and in silico methods highlighted various U and Eu species over the course of exposure. We were able to observe a new U species, which emerged simultaneously with the remobilization of U back into the solution, which we assume to be a U(VI) phosphate species. Thus, the interaction of U(VI) and Eu(III) with released plant metabolites could be concluded.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Jessat
- Institute of Resource Ecology, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Susanne Sachs
- Institute of Resource Ecology, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Henry Moll
- Institute of Resource Ecology, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Warren John
- Institute of Resource Ecology, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Robin Steudtner
- Institute of Resource Ecology, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - René Hübner
- Institute of Ion Beam Physics and Materials Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Frank Bok
- Institute of Resource Ecology, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Thorsten Stumpf
- Institute of Resource Ecology, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
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15
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Wu R, Fan Y, Wu Y, Zhou S, Tang S, Feng X, Tan X, Wang J, Liu L, Jin Y, Xia C. Insights into mechanism on organic acids assisted translocation of uranium in Brassica juncea var. foliosa by EXAFS. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY 2020; 218:106254. [PMID: 32421586 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2020.106254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Citric acid (CA) and Lactic acid (LA) were used as additives to study the mechanism of organic acid promoting the root-to-shoot translocation of uranium (U) in Brassica juncea var. foliosa from molecular and tissue levels. Firstly, the distribution of U in plants under the condition of different organic acids concentrations were studied. The accumulation of U in leafs of 1 mM CA group and 5 mM LA group reached 2225 and 1848 mg/kg respectively, which was about 5 times that of the control group. Secondly, the speciation and distribution of U in plant roots after exposure to different culture solutions were studied by EXAFS and SEM. The result of EXAFS found that the complex of U with organic acids resulted in the U accumulated in the roots was the uranyl carboxylate speciation, while the control group only was the uranyl phosphate speciation. SEM results showed that the lactic acids could enhanced the translocation of U from the cortex to the stele. Thirdly, we further studied the apoplastic pathway and the symplastic pathway of U translocation using transpiration inhibitor and metabolism inhibitor. Compared with the control group, it was likely that the complex of U with organic acids were translocated into the shoot of plants through the apoplastic pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rulei Wu
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Yu Fan
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Yixuan Wu
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Sai Zhou
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Siqun Tang
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Xiaojie Feng
- Logistic Engineering University, Chongqing, 401311, China
| | - Xiaoli Tan
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Jianmei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Li Liu
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Yongdong Jin
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China.
| | - Chuanqin Xia
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China.
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16
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Lai JL, Liu ZW, Luo XG. A metabolomic, transcriptomic profiling, and mineral nutrient metabolism study of the phytotoxicity mechanism of uranium. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 386:121437. [PMID: 31899027 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Revised: 10/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Uranium (U) is a nonessential element that is readily adsorbed and retained in plant roots, causing root damage plants, rather than being translocated to other parts of the plant. The phytotoxicity mechanism of U is poorly understood. In this study, Vicia faba, a model plant for toxicological research, was selected as experimental material to investigate the phytotoxicity mechanism of U. In this study, the effects of U on the growth and development, methonome, transcriptome and mineral nutrient metabolism of V. faba were studied under different U treatments (0-25 μM) by integrating metabolomics, transcriptomic, and mineral nutrient metabolism analysis techniques. The results showed that U accumulation in roots and aboveground parts reached 164.34-927.90 μg/pot, and 0.028-0.119 μg/pot, respectively. U was mainly accumulated in the cell wall of roots, which damaged the root microstructure and inhibited root growth and development. In terms of mineral nutrient metabolism, U treatment (0-25 μM) led to changes in mineral metabolic profiles of seedlings. In total, 612 different metabolites were identified in nontargeted metabolomics, including 309 significantly upregulated metabolites and 303 significantly downregulated metabolites. Using RNA-seq, 4974 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified under the high-concentration U treatment (25 μM), including 1654 genes significantly upregulated genes and 3320 genes significantly downregulated genes. Metabolic pathway analysis showed that a high concentration of U led to an imbalance of mineral nutrient metabolism in plants and changes in the metabolism and transcriptome pathway of plants, including alterations in the function of plasmodesmata and auxin signal transduction pathway. The latter finding may potentially explain the toxic effect of U on plant roots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Long Lai
- College of Environment and Resources, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China; Engineering Research Center of Biomass Materials, Ministry of Education, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China.
| | - Ze-Wei Liu
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China.
| | - Xue-Gang Luo
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China; Engineering Research Center of Biomass Materials, Ministry of Education, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China.
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17
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Chen L, Long C, Wang D, Yang J. Phytoremediation of cadmium (Cd) and uranium (U) contaminated soils by Brassica juncea L. enhanced with exogenous application of plant growth regulators. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 242:125112. [PMID: 31669993 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.125112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Revised: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/12/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
This investigation was made to examine the role of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), gibberellin A3 (GA3), 6-Benzylaminopurine (6-BA), and 24-epibrassinolide (EBL) in improving stress tolerance and phytoremediation of the cadmium (Cd) and uranium (U) by mustard (Brassica juncea L.). The optimum concentrations of IAA, GA3, 6-BA, and EBL were determined based on plant biomass production, metal uptake, translocation, and removal efficiency. The biomass and total chlorophyll content decreased under Cd and U stress. Nevertheless, the application of IAA, GA3, and 6-BA significantly (p < 0.05) increased the growth and total chlorophyll content of mustard. The malondialdehyde (MDA) and H2O2 content of mustard were enhanced under Cd and U stress, but they were significantly (p < 0.05) decreased in plant growth regulators (PGRs) treatments (except for EBL). PGRs treatments increased activities of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, catalase, and ascorbate peroxidase, thus reducing the oxidative stress. Furthermore, the shoot uptake of Cd and U of IAA and EBL treatments was significantly (p < 0.05) higher than that of other treatments. IAA and EBL also have more significant effects on the translocation and remediation of Cd and U compared to GA3 and 6-BA. The removal efficiency of Cd and U reached the maximum in the 500 mg L-1 IAA treatment, which was 330.77% and 118.61% greater than that in the control (CK), respectively. These results suggested that PGRs could improve the stress tolerance and efficiency of phytoremediation using B. juncea in Cd- and U- contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Chen
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, Sichuan, PR China; College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, PR China.
| | - Chan Long
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, Sichuan, PR China.
| | - Dan Wang
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, Sichuan, PR China.
| | - Jinyan Yang
- College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, PR China.
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18
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Sha YH, Hu N, Wang YD, Chen SY, Zou C, Dai ZR, Zhang H, Ding DX. Enhanced phytoremediation of uranium contaminated soil by artificially constructed plant community plots. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY 2019; 208-209:106036. [PMID: 31493563 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2019.106036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In order to develop an artificially constructed plant community plot for the enhanced phytoremediation of uranium contaminated soils, three uranium accumulators including Bamboo-willow (Salix sp.), Paspalum scrobiculatum linn and Macleaya cordata were used to construct four artificial plant community plots, and greenhouse experiments were conducted to investigate the bioaccumulation of uranium by the plants and the organic acid content, enzyme activity, and the change of microbial community structure in their rhizosphere soils. The transfer factor (TF) and the total bioaccumulation amount (TBA) of uranium were used to describe remediation efficiencies in this paper. It was found that their remediation efficiencies were in the order Bamboo-willow (Salix sp.)-Paspalum scrobiculatum linn-Macleaya cordata > Bamboo-willow (Salix sp.)-Macleaya cordata > Paspalum scrobiculatum linn-Macleaya cordata > Bamboo-willow (Salix sp.)-Paspalum scrobiculatum linn. The bioaccumulation amount of uranium by each plant in the Bamboo-willow (Salix sp.)-Paspalum scrobiculatum linn-Macleaya cordata community plot was significantly (P < 0.05) higher than that by its single population, the bioaccumulation amounts of uranium by Bamboo-willow (Salix sp.), Paspalum scrobiculatum linn and Macleaya cordata were 0.29, 0.32 and 2.19 mg/plant, respectively, and they were increased by 31.82%, 77.78% and 146.07%, respectively, and the transfer efficiencies by the plants were increased by 150%, 110% and 52.17%, respectively. The interaction between the plants' roots and the microorganisms in the rhizosphere soil of the Bamboo-willow (Salix sp.)-Paspalum scrobiculatum linn-Macleaya cordata community plot resulted in the high content of organic acids such as oxalic acid in the rhizosphere soil of the plant community plot, which was significantly (P < 0.05) higher than that of its single population. The chelation of the organic acids with uranium led to an increase in the proportion of exchangeable uranium in soil solution. In addition, Burkholderia, which is an iron-producing carrier bacterium and can increase the uptake and accumulation of uranium by plants, and Leptolyngbya, which is a plant growth promoting rhizobacteria and can increase the biomass of plants, emerged in the rhizosphere soil of the plant community plot. These may be the mechanisms by which the phytoremediation of the uranium contaminated soils was enhanced by the plant community plot.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin-Hua Sha
- Key Discipline Laboratory for National Defense for Biotechnology in Uranium Mining and Hydrometallurgy, University of South China, Henyang, 421001, People's Republic of China
| | - Nan Hu
- Key Discipline Laboratory for National Defense for Biotechnology in Uranium Mining and Hydrometallurgy, University of South China, Henyang, 421001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong-Dong Wang
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Green Development Technology for Exetremely Low Grade Uranium Resources, University of South China, Henyang, 421001, People's Republic of China
| | - Si-Yu Chen
- Key Discipline Laboratory for National Defense for Biotechnology in Uranium Mining and Hydrometallurgy, University of South China, Henyang, 421001, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Zou
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Green Development Technology for Exetremely Low Grade Uranium Resources, University of South China, Henyang, 421001, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhong-Ran Dai
- Key Discipline Laboratory for National Defense for Biotechnology in Uranium Mining and Hydrometallurgy, University of South China, Henyang, 421001, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Key Discipline Laboratory for National Defense for Biotechnology in Uranium Mining and Hydrometallurgy, University of South China, Henyang, 421001, People's Republic of China
| | - De-Xin Ding
- Key Discipline Laboratory for National Defense for Biotechnology in Uranium Mining and Hydrometallurgy, University of South China, Henyang, 421001, People's Republic of China.
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Hayek EE, Brearley AJ, Howard T, Hudson P, Torres C, Spilde MN, Cabaniss S, Ali AMS, Cerrato JM. Calcium in Carbonate Water Facilitates the Transport of U(VI) in Brassica juncea Roots and Enables Root-to-Shoot Translocation. ACS EARTH & SPACE CHEMISTRY 2019; 3:2190-2196. [PMID: 31742240 PMCID: PMC6859903 DOI: 10.1021/acsearthspacechem.9b00171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The role of calcium (Ca) on the cellular distribution of U(VI) in Brassica juncea roots and root-to-shoot translocation was investigated using hydroponic experiments, microscopy, and spectroscopy. Uranium accumulated mainly in the roots (727-9376 mg kg-1) after 30 days of exposure to 80 μM dissolved U in water containing 1 mM HCO3 - at different Ca concentrations (0-6 mM) at pH 7.5. However, the concentration of U in the shoots increased 22 times in experiments with 6 mM Ca compared to 0 mM Ca. In the Ca control experiment, transmission electron microscopy-energy-dispersive spectroscopy analyses detected U-P-bearing precipitates in the cortical apoplast of parenchyma cells. In experiments with 0.3 mM Ca, U-P-bearing precipitates were detected in the cortical apoplast and the bordered pits of xylem cells. In experiments with 6 mM Ca, U-P-bearing precipitates aggregated in the xylem with no apoplastic precipitation. These results indicate that Ca in carbonate water inhibits the transport and precipitation of U in the root cortical apoplast and facilitates the symplastic transport and translocation toward shoots. These findings reveal the considerable role of Ca in the presence of carbonate in facilitating the transport of U in plants and present new insights for future assessment and phytoremediation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliane El Hayek
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University of New Mexico, MSC03 2060, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States
| | - Adrian J. Brearley
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of New Mexico, MSC03 2040, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States
| | - Tamara Howard
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of New Mexico, MSC08 4750, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States
| | - Patrick Hudson
- Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, MSC03 2020, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States
| | - Chris Torres
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of New Mexico, MSC01 1120, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States
| | - Michael N. Spilde
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of New Mexico, MSC03 2040, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States
| | - Stephen Cabaniss
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University of New Mexico, MSC03 2060, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States
| | - Abdul-Mehdi S. Ali
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of New Mexico, MSC03 2040, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States
| | - José M. Cerrato
- Department of Civil Engineering, University of New Mexico, MSC01 1070, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States
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Hu N, Lang T, Ding D, Hu J, Li C, Zhang H, Li G. Enhancement of repeated applications of chelates on phytoremediation of uranium contaminated soil by Macleaya cordata. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY 2019; 199-200:58-65. [PMID: 30685639 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2018.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Revised: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A greenhouse pot experiment was performed to investigate the enhancement of repeated applications of citric acid (CA), ethylenediamine disuccinic acid (EDDS), and Oxalic acid (OA) on phytoremediation of uranium (U) contaminated soil by Macleaya Cordata. The chelates followed the order CA > EDDS > OA in terms of the enhancement on uranium uptake by M. cordata. The repeated applications of the chelates were found to be more effective than the one time application at the equal dose as the U concentration of soil solution increased significantly from the 8th to 14th day. The repeated applications of 10 mmol kg-1 CA promoted the solubilization of U in the U-contaminated soil by significantly decreasing the pH of soil solution, achieved the maximum U concentration of soil solution (1463.6 µg L-1), bioconcentration factors (BCFs, 11.4), bioaccumulation factors (BAFs, 21.4) and transfer factors (TFs, 1.9), which were 215.2, 5.7, 30.6 and 16.3 times as compared with the control group, respectively. The three applied chelates significantly affected the activities of the antioxidant enzymes in the leaves. Repeated applications of CA further enhanced the activities of the antioxidant enzymes in the leaves of M. cordata as compared with the control, EDDS and OA, mitigated the oxidative stress induced by uranium and chelates, and maximized the enhancement on the uranium uptake, which will be beneficial for the enhancement on the phytoremediation of uranium contaminated soil by U hyperaccumulating plants. These results indicated that the phytoavailability of uranium in soil solution as well as the accumulation of U by M. cordata were both significantly increased after repeated applications of CA, and that the repeated applications of 10 mmol kg-1 CA increased the activities of the antioxidant enzymes and promoted U accumulation by M. cordata. The study provided an environmentally friendly alternative for the enhancement on the phytoremediation of uranium contaminated soil using M. cordata.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Hu
- Key Discipline Laboratory for National Defense for Biotechnology in Uranium Mining and Hydrometallurgy, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
| | - Tao Lang
- 264 Brigade of Jiangxi Nuclear Industry Geological Bureau, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, 341000, China
| | - Dexin Ding
- Key Discipline Laboratory for National Defense for Biotechnology in Uranium Mining and Hydrometallurgy, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China.
| | - Jingsong Hu
- Key Discipline Laboratory for National Defense for Biotechnology in Uranium Mining and Hydrometallurgy, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
| | - Changwu Li
- Key Discipline Laboratory for National Defense for Biotechnology in Uranium Mining and Hydrometallurgy, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Key Discipline Laboratory for National Defense for Biotechnology in Uranium Mining and Hydrometallurgy, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
| | - Guangyue Li
- Key Discipline Laboratory for National Defense for Biotechnology in Uranium Mining and Hydrometallurgy, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
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21
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Hayek EE, Torres C, Rodriguez-Freire L, Blake JM, De Vore CL, Brearley AJ, Spilde MN, Cabaniss S, Ali AMS, Cerrato J. Effect of Calcium on the Bioavailability of Dissolved Uranium(VI) in Plant Roots under Circumneutral pH. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2018; 52:13089-13098. [PMID: 30412391 PMCID: PMC6341987 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.8b02724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
We integrated field measurements, hydroponic experiments, microscopy, and spectroscopy to investigate the effect of Ca(II) on dissolved U(VI) uptake by plants in 1 mM HCO3- solutions at circumneutral pH. The accumulation of U in plants (3.1-21.3 mg kg-1) from the stream bank of the Rio Paguate, Jackpile Mine, New Mexico served as a motivation for this study. Brassica juncea was the model plant used for the laboratory experiments conducted over a range of U (30-700 μg L-1) and Ca (0-240 mg L-1) concentrations. The initial U uptake followed pseudo-second-order kinetics. The initial U uptake rate ( V0) ranged from 4.4 to 62 μg g-1 h-1 in experiments with no added Ca and from 0.73 to 2.07 μg g-1 h-1 in experiments with 12 mg L-1 Ca. No measurable U uptake over time was detected for experiments with 240 mg L-1 Ca. Ternary Ca-U-CO3 complexes may affect the decrease in U bioavailability observed in this study. Elemental X-ray mapping using scanning transmission electron microscopy-energy-dispersive spectrometry detected U-P-bearing precipitates within root cell walls in water free of Ca. These results suggest that root interactions with Ca and carbonate in solution affect the bioavailability of U in plants. This study contributes relevant information to applications related to U transport and remediation of contaminated sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliane El Hayek
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, MSC03 2060, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States
- Phone: (001) (505) 582-1362,
| | - Chris Torres
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, MSC01 1120, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States
| | - Lucia Rodriguez-Freire
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
| | - Johanna M. Blake
- U.S. Geological Survey, 6700 Edith Blvd. NE, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87113, United States
| | - Cherie L. De Vore
- Department of Civil Engineering, MSC01 1070, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States
| | - Adrian J. Brearley
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, MSC03 2040, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States
| | - Michael N. Spilde
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, MSC03 2040, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States
| | - Stephen Cabaniss
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, MSC03 2060, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States
| | - Abdul-Mehdi S. Ali
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, MSC03 2040, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States
| | - JoséM. Cerrato
- Department of Civil Engineering, MSC01 1070, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States
- Corresponding Authors Phone: (001) (505) 277-0870; fax: (001) (505) 277-1918;
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22
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Chen T, Liu X, Zhang X, Hu X, Cao L. Assessment of Pb and pyrene accumulation in Scirpus triqueter assisted by combined alkyl polyglucoside and nitrilotriacetic acid application. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:19194-19200. [PMID: 28664493 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-9579-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
To understand the accumulation and uptake of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and heavy metals by plants is an important part of the assessment of phytoremediation for PAHs and heavy metals co-contaminated soil. This study was an investigation of the accumulation and uptake of pyrene and lead (Pb) by Scirpus triqueter under the condition of alkyl polyglucoside (APG) and nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA) combined application. The results indicated that the accumulation of Pb by S. triqueter was significantly improved by NTA and APG addition into the soil. The pyrene accumulation in plant was also increased after application of APG when compared to the control treatment. However, the pyrene accumulation was decreased when APG was applied together with NTA. SEM and TEM images of root surface suggested that more Pb in the soil transferred to the plant by combined application of APG and NTA. More importantly, TEM images of xylem cells of S.triqueter root showed that permeability of cell membrane was improved by application of APG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingru Chen
- Yonker Environmental Protection Co., Ltd., Changsha, 410329, China
| | - Xiaoyan Liu
- Laboratory of Environmental Remediation, College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China.
| | - Xinying Zhang
- Laboratory of Environmental Remediation, College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China.
| | - Xiaoxin Hu
- Laboratory of Environmental Remediation, College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Liya Cao
- Laboratory of Environmental Remediation, College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
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23
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Wang P, Du L, Tan Z, Su R, Li T. Effects of Organic Acids and Sylvite on Phytoextraction of 241Am Contaminated Soil. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2017; 98:407-412. [PMID: 27999882 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-016-2004-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2016] [Accepted: 12/08/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Contamination of soil with Americium (241Am) at nuclear sites in China poses a serious problem. We screened six plants, from five families, for their 241Am-enrichment potential. Europium (Eu), which is morphologically and chemically similar to the highly toxic 241Am, was used in its place. Moreover, the effects of sylvite, citric acid (CA), malic acid (MA), and humic acid (HA) on the absorption of 241Am by the plants, and its transport within them, were evaluated along with their effect on plant biomass and 241Am extraction volume. Barley and cabbage showed relatively stronger Eu accumulation capacities. Citric acid promoted the absorption of 241Am by barley roots and its transport within the plants. The effects of sylvite were not obvious and those of HA were the weakest in case of sunflower; HA, however, maximally increased the biomass of the plants. Our results could provide the basis for future radionuclide phytoremediation of contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Wang
- Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang City, 621900, Sichuan Province, China.
| | - Liang Du
- Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang City, 621900, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Zhaoyi Tan
- Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang City, 621900, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Rongbo Su
- Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang City, 621900, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Taowen Li
- Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang City, 621900, Sichuan Province, China
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24
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Huang Z, Tang S, Zhang L, Ma L, Ding S, Du L, Zhang D, Jin Y, Wang R, Huang C, Xia C. Interaction between U and Th on their uptake, distribution, and toxicity in V S. alfredii based on the phytoremediation of U and Th. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:2996-3005. [PMID: 27848132 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-8037-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Variant Sedum alfredii Hance (V S. alfredii) could simultaneously take up U and Th from water with the highest concentrations recorded as 1.84 × 104 and 6.72 × 103 mg/kg in the roots, respectively. Th stimulated U uptake by V S. alfredii roots at Th10 (10 μM of Th), however, the opposite was observed at Th100 (100 μM of Th). A similar result was found in the effect of U on the uptake of Th by V S. alfredii. Subcellular fractionation studies of V S. alfredii indicated that U and Th were mainly stored in cell wall fraction, and much less was found in organelle and soluble fractions. Chemical form examination results showed that water-soluble U and Th were the predominant chemical forms in this plant. Addition of the other radionuclide in aqueous solutions altered the concentration and percentage of U or Th in cell wall fraction and in water-soluble form, resulting in the change of the uptake capacity of U or Th by V S. alfredii roots. Comparing with single U or Th treatment, the plant cells revealed more swollen chloroplasts and enhanced thickening in cell walls under the U100 + Th100 treatment, as observed by TEM. Those results collectively displayed that V S. alfredii may be utilized as a potential plant to simultaneously remove U and Th from aqueous solutions (rhizofiltration).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenling Huang
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Siqun Tang
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Lijian Ma
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Songdong Ding
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Liang Du
- Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang, 621900, China
| | - Dong Zhang
- Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang, 621900, China
| | - Yongdong Jin
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Ruibing Wang
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China.
| | - Chao Huang
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China.
| | - Chuanqin Xia
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China.
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25
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Zhou S, Kai H, Zha Z, Fang Z, Wang D, Du L, Zhang D, Feng X, Jin Y, Xia C. Subcellular distribution and chemical forms of thorium in Brassica juncea var. foliosa. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY 2016; 157:60-66. [PMID: 27010411 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2016.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2015] [Revised: 03/04/2016] [Accepted: 03/05/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Brassica juncea var. foliosa (B. juncea var. foliosa) is a promising species for thorium (Th) phytoextraction due to its large biomass, fast growth rate and high tolerance toward Th. To further understand the mechanisms of Th tolerance, the present study investigated the subcellular distribution and chemical forms of Th found in B. juncea var. foliosa Our results indicated that in both roots and leaves, Th contents in different parts of the cells follow the order of cell wall > membranes and soluble fraction > organelles. In particular, Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) analysis showed that Th was abundantly located in cell walls of the roots. Additionally, when plants were exposed to different concentrations of Th, we have found that Th existed in B. juncea var. foliosa with different chemical forms. Much of the Th extracted by 2% acetic acid (HAc), 1 M NaCl and HCl in roots with the percentage distribution varied from 47.2% to 62.5%, while in leaves, most of the Th was in the form of residue and the subdominant amount of Th was extracted by HCl, followed by 2% HAc. This suggested that Th compartmentation in cytosol and integration with phosphate or proteins in cell wall might be responsible for the tolerance of B. juncea var. foliosa to the stress of Th.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sai Zhou
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Hailu Kai
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Zhongyong Zha
- Logistic Engineering University, Chongqing 401311, China
| | - Zhendong Fang
- Logistic Engineering University, Chongqing 401311, China
| | - Dingna Wang
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Liang Du
- Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - Dong Zhang
- Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - Xiaojie Feng
- Logistic Engineering University, Chongqing 401311, China.
| | - Yongdong Jin
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.
| | - Chuanqin Xia
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.
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26
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Du L, Feng X, Huang Z, Liu B, Jin Y, Fang Z, Zhang D, Liu N, Wang R, Xia C. The effect of U speciation in cultivation solution on the uptake of U by variant Sedum alfredii. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:9964-9971. [PMID: 26865480 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-6226-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2015] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, five plant species were screened for uranium uptake using a hydroponic experimental set-up. The effect of the U concentration, pH, as well as the presence of carbonates, phosphates, and organic acids (lactic acid, malic acid, citric acid) on the uptake of U by variant S. alfredii (V S. alfredii) and wild S. alfredii (W S. alfredii) were investigated. Results showed that V S. alfredii exhibited higher U content in the roots than the other four plants and with the increase of U concentration in the solution, the U uptake by V S. alfredii and W S. alfredii increased. The results also showed that different U speciation in different cultivation solution took an important role on the uptake of U in variant Sedum alfredii: at pH 6.5, U hydrolysis species (UO2)3(OH)5 (+)is predominant and the U concentrations in V S. alfredii roots reached a maximum value (3.7 × 10(4) mg/kg). U complexation with carbonates, phosphates, and some organic acids in the solution resulted in a decrease in the U content in the roots except for lactic acid. Our researches highlight the correlations between U speciation and the uptake on V S. Alfredii, which will be helpful for improved removal of U from the groundwater using phytoremediation method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Du
- Key Laboratory of Radiation Physics and Technology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Xiaojie Feng
- Logistic Engineering University, Chongqing, 401311, China
| | - Zhenling Huang
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Borui Liu
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Yongdong Jin
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Zhenggang Fang
- Logistic Engineering University, Chongqing, 401311, China
| | - Dong Zhang
- Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang, 621900, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Liu
- Key Laboratory of Radiation Physics and Technology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China.
| | - Ruibing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China.
| | - Chuanqin Xia
- Key Laboratory of Radiation Physics and Technology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China.
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China.
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