1
|
Shirinbayan MM, Azizi M, Amiri E. The Effect of one-week spinach and NBS superfood supplementation on interleukin-6, superoxide dismutase, and malondialdehyde levels after repeated bouts of wingate test in trained men. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2025; 22:18. [PMID: 40012033 DOI: 10.1186/s12986-025-00911-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2025] [Indexed: 02/28/2025] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Consuming nutritional supplements for improving athletic performance has always been considered an ergogenic aid. However, there is limited information on the efficacy of this strategy for enhancing antioxidant capacity in response to strenuous exercise with repeated nature. Therefore, this study investigated the effect of one week of spinach and NBS superfood supplementation on superoxide dismutase, malondialdehyde, and interleukin-6 in response to repeated bouts of Wingate test. METHODS Fifteen trained men voluntarily participated in this within- participants and counter-balanced study. Participants were exposed to three different conditions including (1) seven days of raw spinach supplementation (daily dose of 70 g); (2) seven days of NBS superfood supplementation (daily dose of 10 g); and (3) the control condition. One day after the supplementation period, participants came to the lab and performed 3 bouts of 30-second Wingate test with 4-minute rest intervals. Before the supplementation and 24 h after performing the Wingate, test blood samples were taken in each condition to measure serum levels of superoxide dismutase, malondialdehyde, and interleukin-6. One week of wash-out was applied between the conditions. Two-way repeated measures ANOVA were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS The results showed that at post-test measurement the serum level of interleukin-6 was significantly lower under the spinach and superfood conditions (p = 0.001,p = 0.003, respectively) compared to the control. The serum level of superoxide dismutase under the spinach (p = 0.035) and superfood (p = 0.01) conditions was significantly higher compared to the control at post-test measurement. Also, at post-test measurement, the serum level of malondialdehyde was significantly lower under the spinach (p = 0.001) and superfood (p = 0.017) conditions compared to the control. CONCLUSION According to the results of the present study, it seems that seven days' supplementation of either raw spinach or NBS superfood could positively affect the inflammatory responses to repeated anaerobic all-out activities. Therefore, these supplementation strategies might be considered ergogenic aids and used by athletes before participating in repeated strenuous activities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mehdi Shirinbayan
- Exercise Metabolism and Performance Lab (EMPL), Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mohammad Azizi
- Exercise Metabolism and Performance Lab (EMPL), Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran.
| | - Ehsan Amiri
- Exercise Metabolism and Performance Lab (EMPL), Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
- Department of Sport Science, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Hosny EN, Sawie HG, El-Gizawy MM, Mohammed HS, Faraag AR, Khadrawy YA. Therapeutic effects of alpha lipoic acid and/or caffeine-loaded chitosan nanoparticles on memory impairment and neurochemical changes in high-fat diet-induced obese rats. Physiol Behav 2024; 287:114697. [PMID: 39288867 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2024.114697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2024] [Accepted: 09/13/2024] [Indexed: 09/19/2024]
Abstract
The therapeutic effects of alpha lipoic acid (LA) and/or caffeine-loaded chitosan nanoparticles (CCNPs) on obesity-induced memory impairment were evaluated in the present study. Rats were divided into control rats, obese rats induced by high fat diet (HFD) and obese rats treated with LA and/or CCNPs. Obesity was confirmed by measuring the body mass index (BMI). Memory and cognitive functions were evaluated by novel object recognition test (NORT). The levels of serotonin (5-HT), dopamine (DA), norepinephrine (NE), lipid peroxidation (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), reduced glutathione (GSH), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), leptin (LEP) and ghrelin (GHR) and the activities of monoamine oxidase (MAO), acetylcholinesterase (AchE) and Na+,K+,ATPase were determined in the cortex and hippocampus. The cerebral histopathological alterations were examined in obese rats. Obese rats showed impaired memory and exhibited significant neurochemical changes, including decreased levels of 5-HT, DA, GSH, GHR, and Na+,K+-ATPase activity, as well as an increase in AchE, MAO, MDA, NO, IL-1β, TNF-α, and LEP. LA and/or CCNPs treatment reduced BMI and improved memory. LA or CCNPs alleviated the cortical and hippocampal neurochemical changes and histopathological changes induced by obesity. Furthermore, LA and CCNPs exhibited antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, which likely contributed to their effects. However, no synergistic effect was observed between LA and CCNPs. These findings suggest that LA or CCNPs may be a potential therapy against obesity and its adverse effects on memory, mediated by their ability to restore monoamine levels and exhibit antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eman N Hosny
- Medical Physiology Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Hussein G Sawie
- Medical Physiology Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mayada M El-Gizawy
- Medical Physiology Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Haitham S Mohammed
- Biophysics Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Abdel Razik Faraag
- Pathology Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Yasser A Khadrawy
- Medical Physiology Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ni P, Ma Y, Chung S. Mitochondrial dysfunction in psychiatric disorders. Schizophr Res 2024; 273:62-77. [PMID: 36175250 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2022.08.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Psychiatric disorders are a heterogeneous group of mental disorders with abnormal mental or behavioral patterns, which severely distress or disable affected individuals and can have a grave socioeconomic burden. Growing evidence indicates that mitochondrial function plays an important role in developing psychiatric disorders. This review discusses the neuropsychiatric consequences of mitochondrial abnormalities in both animal models and patients. We also discuss recent studies associated with compromised mitochondrial function in various psychiatric disorders, such as schizophrenia (SCZ), major depressive disorder (MD), and bipolar disorders (BD). These studies employ various approaches including postmortem studies, imaging studies, genetic studies, and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) studies. We also summarize the evidence from animal models and clinical trials to support mitochondrial function as a potential therapeutic target to treat various psychiatric disorders. This review will contribute to furthering our understanding of the metabolic etiology of various psychiatric disorders, and help guide the development of optimal therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peiyan Ni
- The Psychiatric Laboratory and Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yao Ma
- The Psychiatric Laboratory and Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Sangmi Chung
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Autio KJ, Koivisto H, Schmitz W, Puronurmi A, Tanila H, Kastaniotis AJ. Exploration of dietary interventions to treat mitochondrial fatty acid disorders in a mouse model. J Nutr Biochem 2024; 131:109692. [PMID: 38879137 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondrial fatty acids synthesis (mtFAS) is a conserved metabolic pathway essential for mitochondrial respiration. The best characterized mtFAS product is the medium-chain fatty acid octanoate (C8) used as a substrate in the synthesis of lipoic acid (LA), a cofactor required by several mitochondrial enzyme complexes. In humans, mutations in the mtFAS component enoyl reductase MECR cause childhood-onset neurodegenerative disorder MEPAN. A complete deletion of Mecr in mice is embryonically lethal, while selective deletion of Mecr in cerebellar Purkinje cells causes neurodegeneration in these cells. A fundamental question in the research of mtFAS deficiency is if the defect is amenable to treatment by supplementation with known mtFAS products. Here we used the Purkinje-cell specific mtFAS deficiency neurodegeneration model mice to study if feeding the mice with a medium-chain triacylglycerol-rich formula supplemented with LA could slow down or prevent the neurodegeneration in Purkinje cell-specific Mecr KO mice. Feeding started at the age of 4 weeks and continued until the age of 9 months. The neurological status on the mice was assessed at the age of 3, 6, and 9 months with behavioral tests and the state of the Purkinje cell deterioration in the cerebellum was studied histologically. We showed that feeding the mice with medium chain triacylglycerols and LA affected fatty acid profiles in the cerebellum and plasma but did not prevent the development of neurodegeneration in these mice. Our results indicate that dietary supplementation with medium chain fatty acids and LA alone is not an efficient way to treat mtFAS disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kaija J Autio
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | | | - Werner Schmitz
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Anna Puronurmi
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Heikki Tanila
- A.I. Virtanen Institute, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhang J, Jiang Y, Dong X, Meng Z, Ji L, Kang Y, Liu M, Zhou W, Song W. Alpha-lipoic acid alleviates cognitive deficits in transgenic APP23/PS45 mice through a mitophagy-mediated increase in ADAM10 α-secretase cleavage of APP. Alzheimers Res Ther 2024; 16:160. [PMID: 39030577 PMCID: PMC11264788 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-024-01527-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) has a neuroprotective effect on neurodegenerative diseases. In the clinic, ALA can improve cognitive impairments in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other dementias. Animal studies have confirmed the anti-amyloidosis effect of ALA, but its underlying mechanism remains unclear. In particular, the role of ALA in amyloid-β precursor protein (APP) metabolism has not been fully elucidated. OBJECTIVE To investigate whether ALA can reduce the amyloidogenic effect of APP in a transgenic mouse model of AD, and to study the mechanism underlying this effect. METHODS ALA was infused into 2-month-old APP23/PS45 transgenic mice for 4 consecutive months and their cognitive function and AD-like pathology were then evaluated. An ALA drug concentration gradient was applied to 20E2 cells in vitro to evaluate its effect on the expression of APP proteolytic enzymes and metabolites. The mechanism by which ALA affects APP processing was studied using GI254023X, an inhibitor of A Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase 10 (ADAM10), as well as the mitochondrial toxic drug carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone (CCCP). RESULTS Administration of ALA ameliorated amyloid plaque neuropathology in the brain tissue of APP23/PS45 mice and reduced learning and memory impairment. ALA also increased the expression of ADAM10 in 20E2 cells and the non-amyloidogenic processing of APP to produce the 83 amino acid C-terminal fragment (C83). In addition to activating autophagy, ALA also significantly promoted mitophagy. BNIP3L-knockdown reduced the mat/pro ratio of ADAM10. By using CCCP, ALA was found to regulate BNIP3L-mediated mitophagy, thereby promoting the α-cleavage of APP. CONCLUSIONS The enhanced α-secretase cleavage of APP by ADAM10 is the primary mechanism through which ALA ameliorates the cognitive deficits in APP23/PS45 transgenic mice. BNIP3L-mediated mitophagy contributes to the anti-amyloid properties of ALA by facilitating the maturation of ADAM10. This study provides novel experimental evidence for the treatment of AD with ALA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medical Research in Cognitive Development and Learning and Memory Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yanshuang Jiang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medical Research in Cognitive Development and Learning and Memory Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiangjun Dong
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medical Research in Cognitive Development and Learning and Memory Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zijun Meng
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medical Research in Cognitive Development and Learning and Memory Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Liangye Ji
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medical Research in Cognitive Development and Learning and Memory Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yu Kang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medical Research in Cognitive Development and Learning and Memory Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Mingjing Liu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medical Research in Cognitive Development and Learning and Memory Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Weihui Zhou
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medical Research in Cognitive Development and Learning and Memory Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Weihong Song
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medical Research in Cognitive Development and Learning and Memory Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
- Institute of Aging, Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, School of Mental Health and the Affiliated Wenzhou Kangning Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325001, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Poljšak B, Milisav I. Decreasing Intracellular Entropy by Increasing Mitochondrial Efficiency and Reducing ROS Formation-The Effect on the Ageing Process and Age-Related Damage. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6321. [PMID: 38928027 PMCID: PMC11203720 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 06/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
A hypothesis is presented to explain how the ageing process might be influenced by optimizing mitochondrial efficiency to reduce intracellular entropy. Research-based quantifications of entropy are scarce. Non-equilibrium metabolic reactions and compartmentalization were found to contribute most to lowering entropy in the cells. Like the cells, mitochondria are thermodynamically open systems exchanging matter and energy with their surroundings-the rest of the cell. Based on the calculations from cancer cells, glycolysis was reported to produce less entropy than mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. However, these estimations depended on the CO2 concentration so that at slightly increased CO2, it was oxidative phosphorylation that produced less entropy. Also, the thermodynamic efficiency of mitochondrial respiratory complexes varies depending on the respiratory state and oxidant/antioxidant balance. Therefore, in spite of long-standing theoretical and practical efforts, more measurements, also in isolated mitochondria, with intact and suboptimal respiration, are needed to resolve the issue. Entropy increases in ageing while mitochondrial efficiency of energy conversion, quality control, and turnover mechanisms deteriorate. Optimally functioning mitochondria are necessary to meet energy demands for cellular defence and repair processes to attenuate ageing. The intuitive approach of simply supplying more metabolic fuels (more nutrients) often has the opposite effect, namely a decrease in energy production in the case of nutrient overload. Excessive nutrient intake and obesity accelerate ageing, while calorie restriction without malnutrition can prolong life. Balanced nutrient intake adapted to needs/activity-based high ATP requirement increases mitochondrial respiratory efficiency and leads to multiple alterations in gene expression and metabolic adaptations. Therefore, rather than overfeeding, it is necessary to fine-tune energy production by optimizing mitochondrial function and reducing oxidative stress; the evidence is discussed in this paper.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Borut Poljšak
- Laboratory of Oxidative Stress Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ljubljana, Zdravstvena pot 5, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
| | - Irina Milisav
- Laboratory of Oxidative Stress Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ljubljana, Zdravstvena pot 5, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Pathophysiology, University of Ljubljana, Zaloska 4, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ali A, Esmaeil A, Behbehani R. Mitochondrial Chronic Progressive External Ophthalmoplegia. Brain Sci 2024; 14:135. [PMID: 38391710 PMCID: PMC10887352 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci14020135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia (CPEO) is a rare disorder that can be at the forefront of several mitochondrial diseases. This review overviews mitochondrial CPEO encephalomyopathies to enhance accurate recognition and diagnosis for proper management. METHODS This study is conducted based on publications and guidelines obtained by selective review in PubMed. Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials, Cochrane reviews, and literature meta-analyses were particularly sought. DISCUSSION CPEO is a common presentation of mitochondrial encephalomyopathies, which can result from alterations in mitochondrial or nuclear DNA. Genetic sequencing is the gold standard for diagnosing mitochondrial encephalomyopathies, preceded by non-invasive tests such as fibroblast growth factor-21 and growth differentiation factor-15. More invasive options include a muscle biopsy, which can be carried out after uncertain diagnostic testing. No definitive treatment option is available for mitochondrial diseases, and management is mainly focused on lifestyle risk modification and supplementation to reduce mitochondrial load and symptomatic relief, such as ptosis repair in the case of CPEO. Nevertheless, various clinical trials and endeavors are still at large for achieving beneficial therapeutic outcomes for mitochondrial encephalomyopathies. KEY MESSAGES Understanding the varying presentations and genetic aspects of mitochondrial CPEO is crucial for accurate diagnosis and management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Raed Behbehani
- Neuro-Ophthalmology Unit, Ibn Sina Hospital, Al-Bahar Ophthalmology Center, Kuwait City 70035, Kuwait; (A.A.); (A.E.)
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Ahire ED, Surana KR, Khairnar SJ, Laddha UD, Kshirsagar SJ, Rajora AK, Keservani RK. Role of protein-rich diet in brain functions. NUTRACEUTICAL FRUITS AND FOODS FOR NEURODEGENERATIVE DISORDERS 2024:505-523. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-443-18951-7.00026-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2025]
|
9
|
Bera A, Ghosh P, Ghosh S, Mukherjee A, De P. Antioxidant Polymers with Enhanced Neuroprotection Against Insulin Fibrillation. Macromol Biosci 2023; 23:e2300100. [PMID: 37092867 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202300100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
Lipoic acid (LA) and dihydrolipoic acid (DHLA) are well established antioxidants to scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, they are carboxylates with ≈4.7 pKa making them negatively charged at physiological pH (7.4) reducing their passive diffusion through cell membranes. LA is known to be capable of reducing protein fibrillation. Incorporation of LA and especially DHLA in polymer side chains are scarce. Herein, the first examples of the anti-amyloidogenic effect of LA and DHLA incorporated into the side-chain of a block copolymer with a water-soluble poly(polyethylene glycol methyl ether methacrylate) (PPEGMA) segment are presented. The resultant polymers show improved ROS scavenging activity and improved ability to reduce insulin fibrillation compared to free LA and DHLA. Furthermore, the resultant polymers are also capable of disintegrating preformed insulin firbrils. Interestingly, polymers with dihydro-lipoate moieties showed 93% free radical scavenging activity with 91% anti-fibrillating efficacies for insulin protein confirmed by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay and Thioflavin T (ThT) dye binding study, respectively. Further, the antioxidant polymers increase the cell viability against fibrillar insulin aggregates that may be involved in the etiology of several diseases. Overall, this work reveals that antioxidant polymer-based therapeutic agents can serve as a powerful modulation strategy for developing novel drugs in future against amyloid-related disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Avisek Bera
- Polymer Research Centre, Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, Nadia, West Bengal, 741246, India
- Centre for Advanced Functional Materials, Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, Nadia, West Bengal, 741246, India
| | - Pooja Ghosh
- Polymer Research Centre, Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, Nadia, West Bengal, 741246, India
- Centre for Advanced Functional Materials, Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, Nadia, West Bengal, 741246, India
| | - Shilpendu Ghosh
- Centre for Advanced Functional Materials, Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, Nadia, West Bengal, 741246, India
| | - Arindam Mukherjee
- Centre for Advanced Functional Materials, Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, Nadia, West Bengal, 741246, India
| | - Priyadarsi De
- Polymer Research Centre, Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, Nadia, West Bengal, 741246, India
- Centre for Advanced Functional Materials, Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, Nadia, West Bengal, 741246, India
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Kamt SF, Liu J, Yan LJ. Renal-Protective Roles of Lipoic Acid in Kidney Disease. Nutrients 2023; 15:1732. [PMID: 37049574 PMCID: PMC10097220 DOI: 10.3390/nu15071732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The kidney is a crucial organ that eliminates metabolic waste and reabsorbs nutritious elements. It also participates in the regulation of blood pressure, maintenance of electrolyte balance and blood pH homeostasis, as well as erythropoiesis and vitamin D maturation. Due to such a heavy workload, the kidney is an energy-demanding organ and is constantly exposed to endogenous and exogenous insults, leading to the development of either acute kidney injury (AKI) or chronic kidney disease (CKD). Nevertheless, there are no therapeutic managements to treat AKI or CKD effectively. Therefore, novel therapeutic approaches for fighting kidney injury are urgently needed. This review article discusses the role of α-lipoic acid (ALA) in preventing and treating kidney diseases. We focus on various animal models of kidney injury by which the underlying renoprotective mechanisms of ALA have been unraveled. The animal models covered include diabetic nephropathy, sepsis-induced kidney injury, renal ischemic injury, unilateral ureteral obstruction, and kidney injuries induced by folic acid and metals such as cisplatin, cadmium, and iron. We highlight the common mechanisms of ALA's renal protective actions that include decreasing oxidative damage, increasing antioxidant capacities, counteracting inflammation, mitigating renal fibrosis, and attenuating nephron cell death. It is by these mechanisms that ALA achieves its biological function of alleviating kidney injury and improving kidney function. Nevertheless, we also point out that more comprehensive, preclinical, and clinical studies will be needed to make ALA a better therapeutic agent for targeting kidney disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sulin F. Kamt
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA;
| | - Jiankang Liu
- School of Health and Life Sciences, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China;
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Liang-Jun Yan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA;
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Naderi N, Nejad ZD, Tavalaee M, Nasr-Esfahani MH. The effect of alpha-lipoic acid on sperm functions in rodent models for male infertility: A systematic review. Life Sci 2023; 323:121383. [PMID: 36640903 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
In this systematic review, we assessed different studies to evaluate the protective effect of alpha-lipoic acid (ALA), as a multifaceted antioxidant, on sperm functions in rodent models. Four databases were searched to find papers reporting the effect of ALA treatment on animal models of male infertility. Up to December 2022, 11,787 articles were identified to explain the ALA protective effects. The included studies were evaluated for eligibility and risk of bias (CRD42022341370). Finally, we identified 23 studies that explain the effect of ALA on sperm functions in rodents. Among them, 15 studies indicated that ALA could restore sperm parameters. Six studies showed a significant reduction in sperm DNA damage by ALA treatment. Seventeen papers displayed the ALA antioxidant ability, and four studies indicated the ALA anti-inflammatory effect. Besides, thirteen studies displayed that ALA could modulate androgenesis. Also, eighteen studies revealed that ALA restored the testicular architecture to normal, and was also effective in restoring reproductive performance in two included studies. This systematic review provided cogent evidence for the protective effect of ALA in rodent models for male infertility by re-establishing spermatogenesis and steroidogenesis and maintaining redox and immune systems homeostasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nushin Naderi
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Zahra Darmishon Nejad
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Marziyeh Tavalaee
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Nasr-Esfahani
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran; Isfahan Fertility and Infertility Center, Isfahan, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Thangaleela S, Sivamaruthi BS, Kesika P, Chaiyasut C. Role of Probiotics and Diet in the Management of Neurological Diseases and Mood States: A Review. Microorganisms 2022; 10:2268. [PMID: 36422338 PMCID: PMC9696277 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10112268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's (AD) and Parkinson's diseases (PD) are common in older people. Autism spectrum disorders (ASD), anxiety, depression, stress, and cognitive impairment are prevalent among people irrespective of age. The incidence of neurological disorders has been increasing in recent decades. Communication between the gut microbiota and the brain is intrinsically complicated, and it is necessary for the maintenance of the gut, brain, and immune functions of the host. The bidirectional link among the gut, gut microbiota and the brain is designated as the "microbiota-gut-brain axis." Gut microbiota modulates the host immune system and functions of tissue barriers such as gut mucosa and blood-brain barrier (BBB). Gut microbial dysfunction disturbs the gut-brain interplay and may contribute to various gut disorders, neurocognitive and psychiatric disorders. Probiotics could protect intestinal integrity, enhance gut functions, promote intestinal mucosal and BBB functions, and support the synthesis of brain-derived neurotrophic factors, which enhance neuronal survival and differentiation. Probiotics could be considered an adjunct therapy to manage metabolic and psychiatric diseases. Predominantly, Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium strains are documented as potent probiotics, which help to maintain the bidirectional interactions between the gut and brain. The consumption of probiotics and probiotics containing fermented foods could improve the gut microbiota. The diet impacts gut microbiota, and a balanced diet could maintain the integrity of gut-brain communication by facilitating the production of neurotrophic factors and other neuropeptides. However, the beneficial effects of probiotics and diet might depend upon several factors, including strain, dosage, duration, age, host physiology, etc. This review summarizes the importance and involvement of probiotics and diet in neuroprotection and managing representative neurological disorders, injuries and mood states.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Subramanian Thangaleela
- Innovation Center for Holistic Health, Nutraceuticals, and Cosmeceuticals, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | | | - Periyanaina Kesika
- Innovation Center for Holistic Health, Nutraceuticals, and Cosmeceuticals, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Office of Research Administration, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Chaiyavat Chaiyasut
- Innovation Center for Holistic Health, Nutraceuticals, and Cosmeceuticals, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
He X, Liu J, Zang WJ. Mitochondrial homeostasis and redox status in cardiovascular diseases: Protective role of the vagal system. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 178:369-379. [PMID: 34906725 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.12.255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria participate in essential cellular functions, including energy production, metabolism, redox homeostasis regulation, intracellular Ca2+ handling, apoptosis, and cell fate determination. Disruption of mitochondrial homeostasis under pathological conditions results in mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and energy insufficiency, which further disturb mitochondrial and cellular homeostasis in a deleterious loop. Mitochondrial redox status has therefore become a potential target for therapy against cardiovascular diseases. In this review, we highlight recent progress in determining the roles of mitochondrial processes in regulating mitochondrial redox status, including mitochondrial dynamics (fusion-fission pathways), mitochondrial cristae remodeling, mitophagy, biogenesis, and mitochondrion-organelle interactions (endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondrion interactions, nucleus-mitochondrion communication, and lipid droplet-mitochondrion interactions). The strategies that activate vagal system include direct vagal activation (electrical vagal stimulation and administration of vagal neurotransmitter acetylcholine) and pharmacological modulation (choline and cholinesterase inhibitors). The vagal system plays an important role in maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis and suppressing mitochondrial oxidative stress by promoting mitochondrial biogenesis and mitophagy, moderating mitochondrial fusion and fission, strengthening mitochondrial cristae stabilization, regulating mitochondrion-organelle interactions, and inhibiting mitochondrial Ca2+ overload. Therefore, enhancement of vagal activity can maintain mitochondrial homeostasis and represents a promising therapeutic strategy for cardiovascular diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xi He
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Jiankang Liu
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China; University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao, PR China
| | - Wei-Jin Zang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Fila M, Chojnacki C, Chojnacki J, Blasiak J. Nutrients to Improve Mitochondrial Function to Reduce Brain Energy Deficit and Oxidative Stress in Migraine. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13124433. [PMID: 34959985 PMCID: PMC8707228 DOI: 10.3390/nu13124433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms of migraine pathogenesis are not completely clear, but 31P-nuclear magnetic resonance studies revealed brain energy deficit in migraineurs. As glycolysis is the main process of energy production in the brain, mitochondria may play an important role in migraine pathogenesis. Nutrition is an important aspect of migraine pathogenesis, as many migraineurs report food-related products as migraine triggers. Apart from approved anti-migraine drugs, many vitamins and supplements are considered in migraine prevention and therapy, but without strong supportive evidence. In this review, we summarize and update information about nutrients that may be important for mitochondrial functions, energy production, oxidative stress, and that are related to migraine. Additionally, we present a brief overview of caffeine and alcohol, as they are often reported to have ambiguous effects in migraineurs. The nutrients that can be considered to supplement the diet to prevent and/or ameliorate migraine are riboflavin, thiamine, magnesium ions, niacin, carnitine, coenzyme Q10, melatonin, lipoic acid, pyridoxine, folate, and cobalamin. They can supplement a normal, healthy diet, which should be adjusted to individual needs determined mainly by the physiological constitution of an organism. The intake of caffeine and alcohol should be fine-tuned to the history of their use, as withdrawal of these agents in regular users may become a migraine trigger.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michal Fila
- Department of Developmental Neurology and Epileptology, Polish Mother’s Memorial Hospital Research Institute, 93-338 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Cezary Chojnacki
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Gastroenterological Diagnostics, Medical University of Lodz, 90-647 Lodz, Poland; (C.C.), (J.C.)
| | - Jan Chojnacki
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Gastroenterological Diagnostics, Medical University of Lodz, 90-647 Lodz, Poland; (C.C.), (J.C.)
| | - Janusz Blasiak
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-236 Lodz, Poland
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
He F, Wan J, Li X, Chu S, Sun N, Liu R. Toxic effects of benzovindiflupyr, a new SDHI-type fungicide on earthworms (Eisenia fetida). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:62782-62795. [PMID: 34215985 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-15207-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Benzovindiflupyr has received increasing attention as a new novel succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor (SDHI)-type fungicide. Nonetheless, its traces remaining in soil potentially trigger an ecotoxicological threat to soil organisms including earthworms. This paper evaluates the eco-toxicity of different benzovindiflupyr doses (0.1, 1, 5, and 10 mg kg-1) on earthworms (Eisenia fetida) after long-term exposure. Consequently, benzovindiflupyr at higher doses significantly inhibited the activities of respiratory chain complex II and succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) in E. fetida. Besides, the reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation (LPO) were significantly induced in earthworms when treated with this fungicide. After benzovindiflupyr exposure, activities of antioxidant enzymes including catalase, peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase were activated. However, glutathione S-transferase activity in E. fetida was initially induced then inhibited in earthworms after treatment. Furthermore, benzovindiflupyr exposure induced the protein carbonylation (PCO) level in cells indicating oxidative damage to the cellular protein. Due to the destruction of the normal function in the coelomocytes, the phagocytic activity was initially activated, then inhibited when earthworms were treated at 5 and 10 mg kg-1 concentrations. Additionally, DNA damage was induced (larger olive tail moment (OTM) values) with the increase of benzovindiflupyr doses and exposure time. The weight was significantly decreased after benzovindiflupyr exposure on days 21 and 28. Benzovindiflupyr at higher doses significantly decreased the reproduction (number of cocoons and juveniles) of E. fetida. These findings reveal that benzovindiflupyr potentially induces a potential toxicological risk to earthworms when applied in the mentioned above dosages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Falin He
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, America CRC for Environment & Health, Shandong University, 72# Jimo Binhai Road, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jingqiang Wan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, America CRC for Environment & Health, Shandong University, 72# Jimo Binhai Road, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangxiang Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, America CRC for Environment & Health, Shandong University, 72# Jimo Binhai Road, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, People's Republic of China
| | - Shanshan Chu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, America CRC for Environment & Health, Shandong University, 72# Jimo Binhai Road, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Sun
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, America CRC for Environment & Health, Shandong University, 72# Jimo Binhai Road, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, People's Republic of China
| | - Rutao Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, America CRC for Environment & Health, Shandong University, 72# Jimo Binhai Road, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Kaur D, Behl T, Sehgal A, Singh S, Sharma N, Chigurupati S, Alhowail A, Abdeen A, Ibrahim SF, Vargas-De-La-Cruz C, Sachdeva M, Bhatia S, Al-Harrasi A, Bungau S. Decrypting the potential role of α-lipoic acid in Alzheimer's disease. Life Sci 2021; 284:119899. [PMID: 34450170 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the most prevalent neurodegenerative diseases with motor disturbances, cognitive decline, and behavioral impairment. It is characterized by the extracellular aggregation of amyloid-β plaques and the intracellular accumulation of tau protein. AD patients show a cognitive decline, which has been associated with oxidative stress, as well as mitochondrial dysfunction. Alpha-lipoic acid (α-LA), a natural antioxidant present in food and used as a dietary supplement, has been considered a promising agent for the prevention or treatment of neurodegenerative disorders. Despite multiple preclinical studies indicating beneficial effects of α-LA in memory functioning, and pointing to its neuroprotective effects, to date only a few studies have examined its effects in humans. Studies performed in animal models of memory loss associated with aging and AD have shown that α-LA improves memory in a variety of behavioral paradigms. Furthermore, molecular mechanisms underlying α-LA effects have also been investigated. Accordingly, α-LA shows antioxidant, antiapoptotic, anti-inflammatory, glioprotective, metal chelating properties in both in vivo and in vitro studies. In addition, it has been shown that α-LA reverses age-associated loss of neurotransmitters and their receptors. The review article aimed at summarizing and discussing the main studies investigating the neuroprotective effects of α-LA on cognition as well as its molecular effects, to improve the understanding of the therapeutic potential of α-LA in patients suffering from neurodegenerative disorders, supporting the development of clinical trials with α-LA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dapinder Kaur
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Tapan Behl
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India.
| | - Aayush Sehgal
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Sukhbir Singh
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Neelam Sharma
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Sridevi Chigurupati
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Alhowail
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Abdeen
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Toukh, Egypt; Center of Excellence for Screening of Environmental Contaminants, Benha University, Toukh, Egypt
| | - Samah F Ibrahim
- Clinical Sciences Department, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology Department, College of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Celia Vargas-De-La-Cruz
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Academic Department of Pharmacology, Bromatology and Toxicology, Centro Latinoamericano de Ensenanza e Investigacion en Bacteriologia Alimentaria, Universidad Nacinol Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru; E-Health Research Center, Universidad de Ciencias y Humanidades, Lima, Peru
| | - Monika Sachdeva
- Fatima College of Health Sciences, Alain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Saurabh Bhatia
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman; School of Health Science, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Simona Bungau
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, Oradea, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Effects of Lipoic Acid on Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:5093216. [PMID: 34650663 PMCID: PMC8510805 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5093216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury often occurred in some pathologies and surgeries. I/R injury not only harmed to physiological functions of corresponding organ and tissue but also induced multiple tissue or organ dysfunctions (even these in distant locations). Although the reperfusion of blood attenuated I/R injury to a certain degree, the risk of secondary damages was difficult to be controlled and it even caused failures of these tissues and organs. Lipoic acid (LA), as an endogenous active substance and a functional agent in food, owns better safety and effects in our body (e.g., enhancing antioxidant activity, improving cognition and dementia, controlling weight, and preventing multiple sclerosis, diabetes complication, and cancer). The literature searching was conducted in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and SCOPUS from inception to 20 May 2021. It had showed that endogenous LA was exhausted in the process of I/R, which further aggravated I/R injury. Thus, supplements with LA timely (especially pretreatments) may be the prospective way to prevent I/R injury. Recently, studies had demonstrated that LA supplements significantly attenuated I/R injuries of many organs, though clinic investigations were short at present. Hence, it was urgent to summarize these progresses about the effects of LA on different I/R organs as well as the potential mechanisms, which would enlighten further investigations and prepare for clinic applications in the future.
Collapse
|
18
|
Yue L, Ren Y, Yue Q, Ding Z, Wang K, Zheng T, Chen G, Chen X, Li M, Fan L. α-Lipoic Acid Targeting PDK1/NRF2 Axis Contributes to the Apoptosis Effect of Lung Cancer Cells. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:6633419. [PMID: 34211631 PMCID: PMC8211503 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6633419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
As an antioxidant, α-lipoic acid (LA) has attracted much attention to cancer research. However, the exact mechanism of LA in cancer progression control and prevention remains to be unclear. In this study, we demonstrated that α-lipoic acid has inhibitory effects on the proliferation, migration, and proapoptotic effects of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines A549 and PC9. LA-induced NSCLC cell apoptosis was mediated by elevated mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS). Further study confirmed that it is by downregulating the expression of PDK1 (the PDH kinase), resulted in less phospho-PDH phenotype which could interact with Keap1, the negative controller of NRF2, directly leading to NRF2 decrease. Thus, by downregulating the NRF2 antioxidant system, LA plays a role in promoting apoptosis through the ROS signaling pathway. Moreover, LA could enhance other PDK inhibitors with the proapoptosis effect. In summary, our study shows that LA promotes apoptosis and exerts its antitumor activity against lung cancer by regulating mitochondrial energy metabolism enzyme-related antioxidative stress system. Administration of LA to the tumor-bearing animal model further supported the antitumor effect of LA. These findings provided new ideas for the clinical application of LA in the field of cancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liduo Yue
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 200072 Shanghai, China
| | - Yanbei Ren
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 200072 Shanghai, China
| | - Qingxi Yue
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 200072 Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 201999 Shanghai, China
| | - Zhou Ding
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 200072 Shanghai, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 200072 Shanghai, China
| | - Tiansheng Zheng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 200072 Shanghai, China
| | - Guojie Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 200072 Shanghai, China
| | - Xiangyun Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 200072 Shanghai, China
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 200072 Shanghai, China
| | - Lihong Fan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 200072 Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Ullah H, Di Minno A, Santarcangelo C, Khan H, Daglia M. Improvement of Oxidative Stress and Mitochondrial Dysfunction by β-Caryophyllene: A Focus on the Nervous System. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:546. [PMID: 33915950 PMCID: PMC8066981 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10040546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction results in a series of defective cellular events, including decreased adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production, enhanced reactive oxygen species (ROS) output, and altered proteastasis and cellular quality control. An enhanced output of ROS may damage mitochondrial components, such as mitochondrial DNA and elements of the electron transport chain, resulting in the loss of proper electrochemical gradient across the mitochondrial inner membrane and an ensuing shutdown of mitochondrial energy production. Neurons have an increased demand for ATP and oxygen, and thus are more prone to damage induced by mitochondrial dysfunction. Mitochondrial dysfunction, damaged electron transport chains, altered membrane permeability and Ca2+ homeostasis, and impaired mitochondrial defense systems induced by oxidative stress, are pathological changes involved in neurodegenerative disorders. A growing body of evidence suggests that the use of antioxidants could stabilize mitochondria and thus may be suitable for preventing neuronal loss. Numerous natural products exhibit the potential to counter oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction; however, science is still looking for a breakthrough in the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders. β-caryophyllene is a bicyclic sesquiterpene, and an active principle of essential oils derived from a large number of spices and food plants. As a selective cannabinoid receptor 2 (CB2) agonist, several studies have reported it as possessing numerous pharmacological activities such as antibacterial (e.g., Helicobacter pylori), antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, analgesic (e.g., neuropathic pain), anti-neurodegenerative and anticancer properties. The present review mainly focuses on the potential of β-caryophyllene in reducing oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction, and its possible links with neuroprotection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hammad Ullah
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (H.U.); (A.D.M.); (C.S.)
| | - Alessandro Di Minno
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (H.U.); (A.D.M.); (C.S.)
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Cristina Santarcangelo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (H.U.); (A.D.M.); (C.S.)
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan 23200, Pakistan; or
| | - Maria Daglia
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (H.U.); (A.D.M.); (C.S.)
- International Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Molz P, de Freitas BS, Uberti VH, da Costa KM, Kist LW, Bogo MR, Schröder N. Effects of lipoic acid supplementation on age- and iron-induced memory impairment, mitochondrial DNA damage and antioxidant responses. Eur J Nutr 2021; 60:3679-3690. [PMID: 33738535 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-021-02541-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the effects of lipoic acid (LA) supplementation during adulthood combined with supplementation later in life or LA administration only at old age on age-induced cognitive dysfunction, mitochondrial DNA deletions, caspase 3 and antioxidant response enzymes expression in iron-treated rats. METHODS Male rats were submitted to iron treatment (30 mg/kg body wt of Carbonyl iron) from 12 to 14th post-natal days. Iron-treated rats received LA supplementation (50 mg/kg, daily) in adulthood and old age or at old age only for 21 days. Memory, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) complex I deletions, caspase 3 mRNA expression and antioxidant response enzymes mRNA expression were analyzed in the hippocampus. RESULTS LA administration in adulthood combined with treatment later in life was able to reverse age-induced effects on object recognition and inhibitory avoidance memory, as well as on mtDNA deletions, nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2) expression, and antioxidant enzymes disruption induced by iron in aged rats. LA treatment only at old age reversed iron-induced effects to a lesser extent when compared to the combined treatment. CONCLUSION The present findings support the view that LA supplementation may be considered as an adjuvant against mitochondrial damage and cognitive decline related to aging and neurodegenerative disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia Molz
- Laboratory of Genomics and Molecular Biology, School of Health and Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Neurobiology and Developmental Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Biosciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Graduate Program in Medicine and Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Betânia Souza de Freitas
- Neurobiology and Developmental Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Biosciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Vanise Hallas Uberti
- Neurobiology and Developmental Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Biosciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Kesiane Mayra da Costa
- Laboratory of Genomics and Molecular Biology, School of Health and Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Graduate Program in Medicine and Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Luiza Wilges Kist
- Laboratory of Genomics and Molecular Biology, School of Health and Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Maurício Reis Bogo
- Laboratory of Genomics and Molecular Biology, School of Health and Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Graduate Program in Medicine and Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,National Institute of Science and Technology for Brain Diseases, Excitotoxicity and Neuroprotection (INCT-EN), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Nadja Schröder
- National Institute of Science and Technology for Translational Medicine (INCT-TM), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq), Brasília, Brazil. .,Department of Physiology, Institute for Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Sarmento Leite, 500, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Targeting reactive oxygen species in stem cells for bone therapy. Drug Discov Today 2021; 26:1226-1244. [PMID: 33684524 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2021.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have emerged as key players in regulating the fate and function of stem cells from both non-hematopoietic and hematopoietic lineages in bone marrow, and thus affect the osteoblastogenesis-osteoclastogenesis balance and bone homeostasis. Accumulating evidence has linked ROS and associated oxidative stress with the progression of bone disorders, and ROS-based therapeutic strategies have appeared to achieve favorable outcomes in bone. We review current knowledge of the multifactorial roles and mechanisms of ROS as a target in bone pathology. In addition, we discuss emerging ROS-based therapeutic strategies that show potential for bone therapy. Finally, we highlight the opportunities and challenges facing ROS-targeted stem cell therapeutics for improving bone health.
Collapse
|
22
|
Scaini G, Andrews T, Lima CNC, Benevenuto D, Streck EL, Quevedo J. Mitochondrial dysfunction as a critical event in the pathophysiology of bipolar disorder. Mitochondrion 2021; 57:23-36. [PMID: 33340709 PMCID: PMC10494232 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2020.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The understanding of the pathophysiology of bipolar disorder (BD) remains modest, despite recent advances in neurobiological research. The mitochondrial dysfunction hypothesis of bipolar disorder has been corroborated by several studies involving postmortem brain analysis, neuroimaging, and specific biomarkers in both rodent models and humans. Evidence suggests that BD might be related to abnormal mitochondrial morphology and dynamics, neuroimmune dysfunction, and atypical mitochondrial metabolism and oxidative stress pathways. Mitochondrial dysfunction in mood disorders is also associated with abnormal Ca2+ levels, glutamate excitotoxicity, an imbalance between pro- and antiapoptotic proteins towards apoptosis, abnormal gene expression of electron transport chain complexes, and decreased ATP synthesis. This paper aims to review and discuss the implications of mitochondrial dysfunction in BD etiology and to explore mitochondria as a potential target for novel therapeutic agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giselli Scaini
- Translational Psychiatry Program, Louis A. Faillace, MD, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences at McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UT Health), Houston, TX, USA
| | - Taylor Andrews
- Translational Psychiatry Program, Louis A. Faillace, MD, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences at McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UT Health), Houston, TX, USA
| | - Camila N C Lima
- Translational Psychiatry Program, Louis A. Faillace, MD, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences at McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UT Health), Houston, TX, USA
| | - Deborah Benevenuto
- Translational Psychiatry Program, Louis A. Faillace, MD, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences at McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UT Health), Houston, TX, USA
| | - Emilio L Streck
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - João Quevedo
- Translational Psychiatry Program, Louis A. Faillace, MD, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences at McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UT Health), Houston, TX, USA; Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil; Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, Louis A. Faillace, MD, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences at McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UT Health), Houston, TX, USA; Neuroscience Graduate Program, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UT Health Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Yao X, Qiao Z, Zhang F, Liu X, Du Q, Zhang J, Li X, Jiang X. Effects of a novel fungicide benzovindiflupyr in Eisenia fetida: Evaluation through different levels of biological organization. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 271:116336. [PMID: 33370611 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.116336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Although benzovindiflupyr (BZF), which is a novel succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor fungicide, has considerable application potential worldwide, its extensive use is toxic to non-targeted soil organisms. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the acute and subchronic toxicity of BZF to earthworms (Eisenia fetida). The acute toxicity of BZF to adult and larval earthworms was measured, as indicated by the following LC50 values obtained after 14 days of exposure: 416 mg/kg for adult earthworms and 341 mg/kg for juveniles. Subchronic toxicity tests were conducted using only adult earthworms. The earthworms' weight gain was slower on days 14 and 28 after commencing the BZF T100 treatment (50 mg/kg of soil). Following 14 days of BZF exposure, enzymes and gene expressions associated with the mitochondrial respiratory chain and energy metabolism were activated to some extent, and the reactive oxygen species level and malondialdehyde content also increased. Antioxidant and detoxifying enzymes and metallothionein gene, Heat shock protein 70 gene associated with resistance to oxidative damage were also activated to varying degrees. Increased BZF concentrations corresponded to increased genotoxicity. Integrated biological response (IBR) values were calculated at the biochemical and molecular levels to show increased toxicity with increased BZF concentration. Although a series of biomarkers changes occurred after initiating BZF treatment, these changes were all likely to have been resisted by the earthworms' own antioxidant defense system and only showed phenotypic (weight-related) changes with treatments of 50 mg/kg. In conclusion, reasonable levels of BZF application may have little impact on earthworms. Our findings provide insights on the toxic effects of BZF on earthworms and may prove useful for risk assessments relating to BZF's impacts on soil ecosystems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiangfeng Yao
- College of Plant Protection Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, PR China; Key Laboratory of Pesticide Toxicology & Application Technique, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, PR China
| | - Zhihua Qiao
- College of Plant Protection Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, PR China; Key Laboratory of Pesticide Toxicology & Application Technique, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, PR China
| | - Fengwen Zhang
- Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Qingdao, 266101, PR China
| | - Xiang Liu
- College of Plant Protection Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, PR China; Key Laboratory of Pesticide Toxicology & Application Technique, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, PR China
| | - Qingzhi Du
- College of Plant Protection Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, PR China; Key Laboratory of Pesticide Toxicology & Application Technique, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, PR China
| | - Jianye Zhang
- College of Plant Protection Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, PR China; Key Laboratory of Pesticide Toxicology & Application Technique, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, PR China
| | - Xiangdong Li
- College of Plant Protection Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, PR China
| | - Xingyin Jiang
- College of Plant Protection Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, PR China; Key Laboratory of Pesticide Toxicology & Application Technique, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Zhang W, Xia X, Wang J, Zhu L, Wang J, Wang G, Chen Y, Kim YM. Oxidative stress and genotoxicity of nitenpyram to earthworms (Eisenia foetida). CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 264:128493. [PMID: 33039690 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the artificial soil poisoning method was used to explore the antioxidative stress mechanism and gene changes of earthworms (Eisenia foetida) after application of nitenpyram. The toxic effects of nitenpyram on earthworms were combined with the method called the second-generation integrated biomarker response index method (IBRv2) to be comprehensively analyzed by studying the reactive oxygen species (ROS) content, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, catalase (CAT) activity, glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity, malondialdehyde (MDA) content and DNA damage degree in earthworms. The results showed that the ROS content in the high-concentration (2.5 mg/kg) nitenpyram treatment group changed significantly. The changes of antioxidant enzymes in earthworms were also obvious. In terms of SOD enzyme activity, under the induction of nitenpyram, SOD activity in the 1 mg/kg and 2.5 mg/kg treatment groups was significantly enhanced. The concentration-treated group could all affect the activity of earthworm detoxifying enzyme GST. Earthworm DNA olive tail in the nitenpyram treatment group with different concentrations was mainly concentrated at low and medium levels at 21d, and the proportion was the largest during the whole exposure period, showing a significant dose-effect relationship. This study confirms that nitenpyram not only has a toxic effect on the physiological and biochemical indicators of earthworms, but also cannot be underestimated on its genetic level.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, PR China.
| | - Xiaoming Xia
- College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, China.
| | - Jinhua Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, PR China.
| | - Lusheng Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, PR China.
| | - Jun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, PR China.
| | - Guangchi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, PR China.
| | - Yangyang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, PR China.
| | - Young Mo Kim
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Giménez-Palomo A, Dodd S, Anmella G, Carvalho AF, Scaini G, Quevedo J, Pacchiarotti I, Vieta E, Berk M. The Role of Mitochondria in Mood Disorders: From Physiology to Pathophysiology and to Treatment. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:546801. [PMID: 34295268 PMCID: PMC8291901 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.546801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are cellular organelles involved in several biological processes, especially in energy production. Several studies have found a relationship between mitochondrial dysfunction and mood disorders, such as major depressive disorder and bipolar disorder. Impairments in energy production are found in these disorders together with higher levels of oxidative stress. Recently, many agents capable of enhancing antioxidant defenses or mitochondrial functioning have been studied for the treatment of mood disorders as adjuvant therapy to current pharmacological treatments. A better knowledge of mitochondrial physiology and pathophysiology might allow the identification of new therapeutic targets and the development and study of novel effective therapies to treat these specific mitochondrial impairments. This could be especially beneficial for treatment-resistant patients. In this article, we provide a focused narrative review of the currently available evidence supporting the involvement of mitochondrial dysfunction in mood disorders, the effects of current therapies on mitochondrial functions, and novel targeted therapies acting on mitochondrial pathways that might be useful for the treatment of mood disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Giménez-Palomo
- Bipolar and Depressives Disorders Unit, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Mental Health Research Networking Center (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Seetal Dodd
- Deakin University, The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, VIC, Australia.,Department of Psychiatry, Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Gerard Anmella
- Bipolar and Depressives Disorders Unit, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Mental Health Research Networking Center (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Andre F Carvalho
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Giselli Scaini
- Translational Psychiatry Program, Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Joao Quevedo
- Translational Psychiatry Program, Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States.,Neuroscience Graduate Program, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, United States.,Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciúma, Brazil.,Center of Excellence in Mood Disorders, Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Isabella Pacchiarotti
- Bipolar and Depressives Disorders Unit, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Mental Health Research Networking Center (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Eduard Vieta
- Bipolar and Depressives Disorders Unit, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Mental Health Research Networking Center (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Michael Berk
- School of Medicine, The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Deakin University, Barwon Health, Geelong, VIC, Australia.,Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Centre for Youth Mental Health, Florey Institute for Neuroscience and Mental Health and the Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
iPSC-derived homogeneous populations of developing schizophrenia cortical interneurons have compromised mitochondrial function. Mol Psychiatry 2020; 25:2873-2888. [PMID: 31019265 PMCID: PMC6813882 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-019-0423-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2018] [Revised: 03/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Schizophrenia (SCZ) is a neurodevelopmental disorder. Thus, studying pathogenetic mechanisms underlying SCZ requires studying the development of brain cells. Cortical interneurons (cINs) are consistently observed to be abnormal in SCZ postmortem brains. These abnormalities may explain altered gamma oscillation and cognitive function in patients with SCZ. Of note, currently used antipsychotic drugs ameliorate psychosis, but they are not very effective in reversing cognitive deficits. Characterizing mechanisms of SCZ pathogenesis, especially related to cognitive deficits, may lead to improved treatments. We generated homogeneous populations of developing cINs from 15 healthy control (HC) iPSC lines and 15 SCZ iPSC lines. SCZ cINs, but not SCZ glutamatergic neurons, show dysregulated Oxidative Phosphorylation (OxPhos) related gene expression, accompanied by compromised mitochondrial function. The OxPhos deficit in cINs could be reversed by Alpha Lipoic Acid/Acetyl-L-Carnitine (ALA/ALC) but not by other chemicals previously identified as increasing mitochondrial function. The restoration of mitochondrial function by ALA/ALC was accompanied by a reversal of arborization deficits in SCZ cINs. OxPhos abnormality, even in the absence of any circuit environment with other neuronal subtypes, appears to be an intrinsic deficit in SCZ cINs.
Collapse
|
27
|
Relevance of Mango Use in Patients with 2 Type Diabetes mellitus. Fam Med 2020. [DOI: 10.30841/2307-5112.4.2020.217352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|
28
|
Pagano G, Pallardó FV, Lyakhovich A, Tiano L, Fittipaldi MR, Toscanesi M, Trifuoggi M. Aging-Related Disorders and Mitochondrial Dysfunction: A Critical Review for Prospect Mitoprotective Strategies Based on Mitochondrial Nutrient Mixtures. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21197060. [PMID: 32992778 PMCID: PMC7582285 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21197060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A number of aging-related disorders (ARD) have been related to oxidative stress (OS) and mitochondrial dysfunction (MDF) in a well-established body of literature. Most studies focused on cardiovascular disorders (CVD), type 2 diabetes (T2D), and neurodegenerative disorders. Counteracting OS and MDF has been envisaged to improve the clinical management of ARD, and major roles have been assigned to three mitochondrial cofactors, also termed mitochondrial nutrients (MNs), i.e., α-lipoic acid (ALA), Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), and carnitine (CARN). These cofactors exert essential–and distinct—roles in mitochondrial machineries, along with strong antioxidant properties. Clinical trials have mostly relied on the use of only one MN to ARD-affected patients as, e.g., in the case of CoQ10 in CVD, or of ALA in T2D, possibly with the addition of other antioxidants. Only a few clinical and pre-clinical studies reported on the administration of two MNs, with beneficial outcomes, while no available studies reported on the combined administration of three MNs. Based on the literature also from pre-clinical studies, the present review is to recommend the design of clinical trials based on combinations of the three MNs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Pagano
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Federico II Naples University, I-80126 Naples, Italy; (M.T.); (M.T.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Federico V. Pallardó
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia-INCLIVA, CIBERER, E-46010 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Alex Lyakhovich
- Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca, E-08035 Barcelona, Catalunya, Spain;
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics of the “Federal Research Center of Fundamental and Translational Medicine”, Novosibirsk 630117, Russia
| | - Luca Tiano
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnical University of Marche, I-60100 Ancona, Italy;
| | - Maria Rosa Fittipaldi
- Internal Medicine Unit, San Francesco d’Assisi Hospital, I-84020 Oliveto Citra (SA), Italy;
| | - Maria Toscanesi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Federico II Naples University, I-80126 Naples, Italy; (M.T.); (M.T.)
| | - Marco Trifuoggi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Federico II Naples University, I-80126 Naples, Italy; (M.T.); (M.T.)
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Dai H, Lv Z, Hu C, Shi Z, Wei X, Jin S, Yuan Y, Yu D, Shi F. Alpha-lipoic acid improves the reproduction performance of breeder hens during the late egg-laying period. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2020; 104:1788-1797. [PMID: 32881138 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.13423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 06/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Alpha-lipoic acid (ALA), a multifunctional antioxidant, can promote fatty acid mobilization, energy expenditure and scavenge free radicals. The effects of dietary ALA on the reproductive performance of breeder hens were investigated in the current study. In the 5-week experiment, 180 54-week-old Qiling breeder hens were randomly divided into three treatments with five replicates and supplemented with three levels of ALA (0, 300 and 600 mg/kg) in the basic corn-soya bean meal diets. 600 mg/kg ALA treatment group (HLA) significantly improved the eggshell thickness and strength (p < .05). ALA-treated groups improved egg-laying rate compared with the CON group, but with no statistically significant difference (p > .05). The levels of HDL-C, ALB and estradiol (E2) of the serum in the HLA group were elevated compared with the CON group (p < .05). In addition, ALA (600 mg/kg) treatment exhibited a reduced level of serum AST and TG (p < .05). Dietary ALA increased the activity of hepatic lipase in liver (p < .05). Supplemental 600 mg/kg ALA also improved the SOD activity and total antioxidant capacity level, along with a decreased MDA in ovarian tissue (p < .05). Furthermore, the mRNA expressions of ESR1, ESR2, VTG2 and ApoB in the liver and FSHR in follicles were upregulated in the HLA group (p < .05). In conclusion, dietary supplementation with 600 mg/kg ALA during the late egg-laying period could improve lipid metabolism and reproductive performance of breeder hens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongjian Dai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zengpeng Lv
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chenhui Hu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhicheng Shi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xihui Wei
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Song Jin
- Changzhou Animal Disease Control Center, Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yunwei Yuan
- Jiangsu Hesheng Food Limited Company, Taizhou, China
| | - Debing Yu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fangxiong Shi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.,National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center of Animal Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Antioxidants entrapment in polycaprolactone microparticles using supercritical assisted injection in a liquid antisolvent. FOOD AND BIOPRODUCTS PROCESSING 2020. [PMCID: PMC7382357 DOI: 10.1016/j.fbp.2020.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The efficient entrapment of antioxidants in PCL microparticles was obtained. Coprecipitates showed slower and controlled dissolution compared to pure compounds. Coprecipitation preserved the scavenging activity of the entrapped antioxidants.
In this work, the entrapment of two antioxidants, α-lipoic acid (ALA) and eugenol (EUG), in polycaprolactone (PCL) microparticles, using the supercritical assisted injection in a liquid antisolvent (SAILA), is proposed. Using SAILA, spherical and non-aggregated PCL particles, with average sizes between 0.2 and 1.2 μm, were produced. Then, coprecipitation experiments were performed: PCL/EUG and PCL/ALA particles with an average size of 0.99 ± 0.34 μm and 0.99 ± 0.18 μm, respectively, were produced, with entrapment efficiencies up to 90 %, considerably higher than results reported in the literature. EUG and ALA coprecipitates showed complete release kinetics in a maximum time of 2 days respect to dissolution time of about 4 h and 5 h of unprocessed EUG and ALA, respectively. Furthermore, the antioxidant power of the used compounds was preserved in the obtained co-precipitates.
Collapse
|
31
|
Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Critical Illness: Implications for Nutritional Therapy. Curr Nutr Rep 2020; 8:363-373. [PMID: 31713718 DOI: 10.1007/s13668-019-00296-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF THE REVIEW This paper will review the evidence for mitochondrial dysfunction in critical illness, describe the mechanisms which lead to multiple organ failure, and detail the implications of this pathophysiologic process on nutritional therapy. RECENT FINDINGS Mitochondria are particularly sensitive to increased oxidative stress in critical illness. The functional and structural abnormalities which occur in this organelle contribute further to the excessive production of reactive oxygen species and the reduction in generation of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). To reduce metabolic demand, mitochondrial dysfunction develops (a process likened to hibernation), which helps sustain the life of the cell at a cost of organ system failure. Aggressive feeding in the early phases of critical illness might inappropriately increase demand at a time when ATP production is limited, further jeopardizing cell survival and potentiating the processes leading to multiple organ failure. Several potential therapies exist which would promote mitochondrial function in the intensive care setting through support of autophagy, antioxidant defense systems, and the biogenesis and recovery of the organelle itself. Nutritional therapy should supplement micronutrients required in the mitochondrial metabolic pathways and provide reduced delivery of macronutrients through slower advancement of feeding in the early phases of critical illness. A better understanding of mitochondrial dysfunction in the critically ill patient should lead to more innovative therapies in the future.
Collapse
|
32
|
Morsanuto V, Galla R, Molinari C, Uberti F. A New Palmitoylethanolamide Form Combined with Antioxidant Molecules to Improve Its Effectivess on Neuronal Aging. Brain Sci 2020; 10:brainsci10070457. [PMID: 32708932 PMCID: PMC7408069 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci10070457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Palmitoylethanolamide is a nutraceutical compound naturally produced in many plants and animal source foods, but the natural form is poorly water-soluble. It has demonstrated an anti-inflammatory role as a neuroprotective mediator, acting on several molecular targets of the central nervous system involved on brain aging process. In healthy adults, palmitoylethanolamide is an endogenous PPAR-α (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α) agonist through which it performs anti-inflammatory activity and provides its effects by activating the cannabinoid receptor. The different formulations of palmitoylethanolamide (micronized palmitoylethanolamide, FM-LipoMatrix® palmitoylethanolamide and FM-LipoMatrix® palmitoylethanolamide plus lipoic acid and vitamin D3) were analyzed starting from intestinal barrier, to verify their bioavailability, to in primary astrocytes in which cell viability, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO) production, NFKB activity, MAPK, p53 and PPARα activities were investigated. Additionally, cannabinoid and estrogen receptors were analyzed using the western blot technique. The combination of palmitoylethanolamide in FM-LipoMatrix®, lipoic acid and vitamin D3 shows better absorption predicting an improvement on plasma concentration; this formulation also shows a reduction in ROS and NO production and the data show the interaction of palmitoylethanolamide with cannabinoids and estrogen receptors inhibiting neuroinflammatory markers. All these data support the hypothesis of a new potential strategy to restore brain function and slow down brain aging in humans.
Collapse
|
33
|
Peng Y, Gao P, Shi L, Chen L, Liu J, Long J. Central and Peripheral Metabolic Defects Contribute to the Pathogenesis of Alzheimer's Disease: Targeting Mitochondria for Diagnosis and Prevention. Antioxid Redox Signal 2020; 32:1188-1236. [PMID: 32050773 PMCID: PMC7196371 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2019.7763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 02/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Significance: Epidemiological studies indicate that metabolic disorders are associated with an increased risk for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Metabolic remodeling occurs in the central nervous system (CNS) and periphery, even in the early stages of AD. Mitochondrial dysfunction has been widely accepted as a molecular mechanism underlying metabolic disorders. Therefore, focusing on early metabolic changes, especially from the perspective of mitochondria, could be of interest for early AD diagnosis and intervention. Recent Advances: We and others have identified that the levels of several metabolites are fluctuated in the periphery before their accumulation in the CNS, which plays an important role in the pathogenesis of AD. Mitochondrial remodeling is likely one of the earliest signs of AD, linking nutritional imbalance to cognitive deficits. Notably, by improving mitochondrial function, mitochondrial nutrients efficiently rescue cellular metabolic dysfunction in the CNS and periphery in individuals with AD. Critical Issues: Peripheral metabolic disorders should be intensively explored and evaluated for the early diagnosis of AD. The circulating metabolites derived from mitochondrial remodeling represent novel potential diagnostic biomarkers for AD that are more readily detected than CNS-oriented biomarkers. Moreover, mitochondrial nutrients provide a promising approach to preventing and delaying AD progression. Future Directions: Abnormal mitochondrial metabolism in the CNS and periphery is involved in AD pathogenesis. More clinical studies provide evidence for the suitability and reliability of circulating metabolites and cytokines for the early diagnosis of AD. Targeting mitochondria to rewire cellular metabolism is a promising approach to preventing AD and ameliorating AD-related metabolic disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunhua Peng
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology & Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Peipei Gao
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology & Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Le Shi
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology & Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology & Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jiankang Liu
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology & Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jiangang Long
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology & Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Mannelli LDC, Micheli L, Lucarini E, Parisio C, Toti A, Tenci B, Zanardelli M, Branca JJV, Pacini A, Ghelardini C. Effects of the Combination of β-Hydroxy-β-Methyl Butyrate and R(+) Lipoic Acid in a Cellular Model of Sarcopenia. Molecules 2020; 25:E2117. [PMID: 32366049 PMCID: PMC7249096 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25092117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
: Sarcopenia is a clinical problem associated with several pathological and non-pathological conditions. The aim of the present research is the evaluation of the pharmacological profile of the leucine metabolite β-hydroxy-β-methyl butyrate (HMB) associated with the natural R(+) stereoisomer of lipoic acid (R(+)LA) in a cellular model of muscle wasting. The C2C12 cell line is used as myoblasts or is differentiated in myotubes, sarcopenia is induced by dexamethasone (DEX). A Bonferroni significant difference procedure is used for a post hoc comparison. DEX toxicity (0.01-300 µM concentration range) is evaluated in myoblasts to measure cell viability and caspase 3 activation after 24 h and 48 h; cell incubation with 1 µM DEX for 48 h is chosen as optimal treatment for decreasing cell viability and increasing caspase 3 activity. R(+)LA or HMB significantly prevents DEX-induced cell mortality; the efficacy is improved when 100 µM R(+)LA is combined with 1 mM HMB. Regarding myoblasts, this combination significantly reduces DEX-evoked O2- production and protein oxidative damage. During the early phase of myotube formation, the mixture preserves the number of myogenin-positive cells, whereas it completely prevents the DEX-dependent damage in a later phase of myotube differentiation (7 days), as evaluated by cell diameter and percentage of multinucleated cells. R(+)LA in association with HMB is suggested for sarcopenia therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Di Cesare Mannelli
- Department of Neurosciences, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health-Neurofarba-Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Florence. Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy; (L.M.); (E.L.); (C.P.); (A.T.); (B.T.); (M.Z.); (C.G.)
| | - Laura Micheli
- Department of Neurosciences, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health-Neurofarba-Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Florence. Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy; (L.M.); (E.L.); (C.P.); (A.T.); (B.T.); (M.Z.); (C.G.)
| | - Elena Lucarini
- Department of Neurosciences, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health-Neurofarba-Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Florence. Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy; (L.M.); (E.L.); (C.P.); (A.T.); (B.T.); (M.Z.); (C.G.)
| | - Carmen Parisio
- Department of Neurosciences, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health-Neurofarba-Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Florence. Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy; (L.M.); (E.L.); (C.P.); (A.T.); (B.T.); (M.Z.); (C.G.)
| | - Alessandra Toti
- Department of Neurosciences, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health-Neurofarba-Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Florence. Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy; (L.M.); (E.L.); (C.P.); (A.T.); (B.T.); (M.Z.); (C.G.)
| | - Barbara Tenci
- Department of Neurosciences, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health-Neurofarba-Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Florence. Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy; (L.M.); (E.L.); (C.P.); (A.T.); (B.T.); (M.Z.); (C.G.)
| | - Matteo Zanardelli
- Department of Neurosciences, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health-Neurofarba-Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Florence. Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy; (L.M.); (E.L.); (C.P.); (A.T.); (B.T.); (M.Z.); (C.G.)
| | - Jacopo Junio Valerio Branca
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Anatomy Section, University of Florence, Largo Brambilla 3, 50134 Florence, Italy; (J.J.V.B.); (A.P.)
| | - Alessandra Pacini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Anatomy Section, University of Florence, Largo Brambilla 3, 50134 Florence, Italy; (J.J.V.B.); (A.P.)
| | - Carla Ghelardini
- Department of Neurosciences, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health-Neurofarba-Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Florence. Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy; (L.M.); (E.L.); (C.P.); (A.T.); (B.T.); (M.Z.); (C.G.)
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Ni P, Chung S. Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Schizophrenia. Bioessays 2020; 42:e1900202. [PMID: 32338416 DOI: 10.1002/bies.201900202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 02/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Schizophrenia (SCZ) is a severe neurodevelopmental disorder affecting 1% of populations worldwide with a grave disability and socioeconomic burden. Current antipsychotic medications are effective treatments for positive symptoms, but poorly address negative symptoms and cognitive symptoms, warranting the development of better treatment options. Further understanding of SCZ pathogenesis is critical in these endeavors. Accumulating evidence has pointed to the role of mitochondria and metabolic dysregulation in SCZ pathogenesis. This review critically summarizes recent studies associating a compromised mitochondrial function with people with SCZ, including postmortem studies, imaging studies, genetic studies, and induced pluripotent stem cell studies. This review also discusses animal models with mitochondrial dysfunction resulting in SCZ-relevant neurobehavioral abnormalities, as well as restoration of mitochondrial function as potential therapeutic targets. Further understanding of mitochondrial dysfunction in SCZ may open the door to develop novel therapeutic strategies that can address the symptoms that cannot be adequately addressed by current antipsychotics alone.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peiyan Ni
- Psychiatric Laboratory and Mental Health Center, The State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Sangmi Chung
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, 10595, USA
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Yao X, Zhang F, Qiao Z, Yu H, Sun S, Li X, Zhang J, Jiang X. Toxicity of thifluzamide in earthworm (Eisenia fetida). ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 188:109880. [PMID: 31711777 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.109880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
An increase in the area treated with the fungicide thifluzamide has triggered concerns for soil ecosystem service providers such as earthworms. Here, we assessed effects of thifluzamide on earthworm (Eisenia fetida) biomarker indicators of stress responses and reproduction following exposure to 0, 0.1, 1.0, and 10.0 mg of thifluzamide kg-1 soil for 7, 14, 21, and 28 d (biomarker indicators) and 30 d (reproduction). Growth and reproduction were inhibited by exposure to thifluzamide at 10.0 mg/kg, and the activities of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) and respiratory chain complex II were inhibited by exposure to 1.0 and 10.0 mg/kg thifluzamide for the majority of the 28-d experiment. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) increased across all thifluzamide treatments, and the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) tended to be inhibited by thifluzamide. Upon exposure to thifluzamide, the activities of catalase (CAT) and guaiacol peroxidase (POD) initially increased and then decreased. Increased levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) were detected only at seven days after exposure, and genotoxicity increased as the thifluzamide concentration increased. The results suggest that thifluzamide presents a potential risk to earthworms at the concentration of 10.0 mg/kg, and its use should be moderated to reduce damage to soil ecosystem function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiangfeng Yao
- College of Plant Protection Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, PR China; Key Laboratory of Pesticide Toxicology & Application Technique, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, PR China
| | - Fengwen Zhang
- College of Plant Protection Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, PR China; Key Laboratory of Pesticide Toxicology & Application Technique, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, PR China
| | - Zhihua Qiao
- College of Plant Protection Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, PR China; Key Laboratory of Pesticide Toxicology & Application Technique, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, PR China
| | - Haoyong Yu
- College of Plant Protection Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, PR China; Key Laboratory of Pesticide Toxicology & Application Technique, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, PR China
| | - Shiang Sun
- College of Plant Protection Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, PR China; Key Laboratory of Pesticide Toxicology & Application Technique, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, PR China
| | - Xiangdong Li
- College of Plant Protection Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, PR China
| | - Jiwang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, PR China
| | - Xingyin Jiang
- College of Plant Protection Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, PR China; Key Laboratory of Pesticide Toxicology & Application Technique, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Aziz MM, Abd El Fattah MA, Ahmed KA, Sayed HM. Protective effects of olmesartan and l-carnitine on doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in rats. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2019; 98:183-193. [PMID: 31665614 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2019-0299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Doxorubicin (DOX), an anthracycline antibiotic, is an important antineoplastic agent due to its high antitumor efficacy in hematological as well as in solid malignancies. The clinical use of DOX is limited due to its cardiotoxic effects. The present study aimed to investigate the possible protective effect of olmesartan (Olm), l-carnitine (L-CA), and their combination in cardiotoxicity induced by DOX in rats. Male albino rats were randomly divided into seven experimental groups (n = 8): group I: normal control, group II: L-CA, group III: Olm, group IV: DOX. The other three groups were treated with Olm (10 mg/kg), L-CA (300 mg/kg), and their combination for 2 weeks after induction of cardiotoxicity by a single dose of DOX (20 mg/kg). In the results, DOX showed a significant elevation in serum troponin I, creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) together with increased inflammation manifested by the rise of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), intercellular adhesion molecules-1 (ICAM-1), interleukin IL-1β (IL-1β), myeloperoxidase (MPO), nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) in cardiac tissues as well as DOX-induced oxidative stress by increasing in malondialdehyde (MDA) and decreasing in superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH) in heart tissues. In addition, caspase-3 activity was boosted as indication of increased apoptosis. On the other hand, administration of L-CA and Olm attenuated the DOX-evoked disturbances in the abovementioned parameters. In addition, DOX exhibited echocardiographic changes and severe histopathological changes, which were significantly reversed by L-CA and Olm treatment. In conclusion, the present study data confirm the protective role of L-CA and Olm in DOX-induced cardiotoxicity, which may be related to its antioxidant, antiinflammatory, and antiapoptotic agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Malek M Aziz
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Thamar University, Yemen
| | - Mai A Abd El Fattah
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr Al-Aini St., Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Kawkab A Ahmed
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - Helmy M Sayed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr Al-Aini St., Cairo 11562, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Lipoic acid. CHEMTEXTS 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s40828-019-0091-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
39
|
D'Aloiso CM, Senzolo M. Efficacy of dermal redensification in chronoaged face: Quantitative volumetric assessment. J Cosmet Dermatol 2019; 19:199-204. [PMID: 31077547 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.12984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mesotherapy for chronoaged skin shows heterogeneous results. OBJECTIVES The aim of the study was to assess the efficacy of dermal redensification on the face and neck. METHODS Patients with mild-moderate-severe chronoaging of face and neck were included and, every 14 days, treated with four sessions of dermal redensification, consisting of 1 mL of hyaluronic acid (15 mg/mL) plus a dermo-restructuring complex. Skin improvements were analyzed at 8 weeks for amelioration by Wrinkle Severity Rating Scale and quantification of superficial wrinkles and texture by high-resolution 3D camera. All patients underwent a self-assessment questionnaire and Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale. RESULTS Thirty-six patients were enrolled (median age 55 [42-67] years). Eight weeks after treatment all patients reported a significant improvement, being Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale ≥2 in 69% of the subjects. Patients' perception of improvement of their skin quality was highly satisfactory in all items explored on the self-assessment questionnaire relating to radiance, elasticity, texture, and smoothness. Subjects with fine and moderate/deep wrinkles had an improvement >25% and 50%, respectively. Quantification of wrinkles with filters for superficial plane (1 mm) showed a statistically significant median decrease, both in width (1.53 [1.41-1.72] mm vs 1.27 [1.12-1.34] P < 0.001) and depth (0.46 [0.27-0.61] vs 0.12 [0.6-0.18] P < 0.001). Indentation decreased by a median of 20%. CONCLUSIONS The synergic effects of hyaluronic acid and dermo-restructuring complex show an objective amelioration of skin texture, wrinkles, and self-evaluation of skin appearance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Marco Senzolo
- Multivisceral Transplant Unit, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Gastroenterological Sciences, University Hospital of Padua, Padua, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Komaki H, Faraji N, Komaki A, Shahidi S, Etaee F, Raoufi S, Mirzaei F. Investigation of protective effects of coenzyme Q10 on impaired synaptic plasticity in a male rat model of Alzheimer’s disease. Brain Res Bull 2019; 147:14-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2019.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2018] [Revised: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
|
41
|
Park JS, Choi HI, Kim DH, Kim CS, Bae EH, Ma SK, Kim SW. Alpha-lipoic acid attenuates p-cresyl sulfate-induced renal tubular injury through suppression of apoptosis and autophagy in human proximal tubular epithelial cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 112:108679. [PMID: 30798133 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.108679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The p-cresyl sulfate accumulates in kidney disease and may be involved in renal injury. α-Lipoic acid (α-LA) acts as an antioxidant in cell injury. We investigated the effects of α-LA treatment on p-cresyl sulfate-induced renal tubular injury. p-Cresyl sulfate induced cell death, and increased Bax/Bcl-2, cleaved caspase-3, Beclin-1, and LC3BII/LC3BI in human renal proximal tubular epithelial (HK-2) cells, which was counteracted by α-LA treatment. p-Cresyl sulfate-induced apoptosis was reduced by autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine, and p-cresyl sulfate induced autophagy was reduced by pan-caspase inhibitor Z-VAD-FMK. Moreover, p-cresyl sulfate treatment increased the expression of ER stress proteins and decreased the expression of baculoviral IAP repeat-containing proteins 6; these effects were prevented by α-LA treatment. Apoptosis and autophagy were associated with the phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinase and nuclear translocation of the nuclear factor-κB p65 subunit. Pretreatment inhibitors of p38 and JNK, and knockdown of ATF4 gene reduced apoptosis- and autophagy-related protein expressions in p-cresyl sulfate treated HK-2 cells. These results demonstrate that α-lipoic acid attenuated p-cresyl sulfate-induced cell death by suppression of apoptosis and autophagy via regulation of ER stress in HK-2 cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jung Sun Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoon In Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Hyun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Seong Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Hui Bae
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Kwon Ma
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Wan Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Role of Combined Lipoic Acid and Vitamin D3 on Astrocytes as a Way to Prevent Brain Ageing by Induced Oxidative Stress and Iron Accumulation. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:2843121. [PMID: 30944691 PMCID: PMC6421749 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2843121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Brain ageing is a complex multifactorial process characterized by gradual and continuous loss of neuronal functions. It is hypothesized that at the basis of brain ageing as well as age-related diseases, there is an impairment of the antioxidant defense system leading to an increase of oxidative stress. In this study, two different biological aspects involved in brain ageing and neurodegeneration have been investigated: oxidative stress and iron accumulation damage. In primary mouse astrocytes, the stimulation with 50 μM lipoic acid (LA) and 100 nM vitamin D (vitD) was first investigated in a time-course study to determine the dosages to be used in combination and then in a permeability test using an in vitro blood-brain barrier. In a second set of experiments, the role of oxidative stress was investigated pretreating astrocytes with 200 μM H2O2 for 30 min. The ability of vitD and LA alone and combined together to prevent or repair the damage caused by oxidative stress was investigated after 24 h of stimulation by the MTT test, mitochondrial membrane potential measurement, and Western blot analysis. To induce neurodegeneration, cells were pretreated with 300 μM catalytic iron for 6 days and then treated with vitD and LA alone and combined for additional 6 days to investigate the protection exerted by combination, analyzing viability, ROS production, iron concentration, and activation of intracellular pathways. In our study, the combination of LA and vitD showed beneficial effects on viability of astrocytes, since the substances are able to cross the brain barrier. In addition, combined LA and vitD attenuated the H2O2-induced apoptosis through the mitochondrial-mediated pathway. The combination was also able to counteract the adverse conditions caused by iron, preventing its accumulation. All these data support the hypothesis of the synergistic and cooperative activity exerted by LA and vitD in astrocytes indicating a possible new strategy to slow down ageing.
Collapse
|
43
|
Ahuja S, Uniyal A, Akhtar A, Sah SP. Alpha lipoic acid and metformin alleviates experimentally induced insulin resistance and cognitive deficit by modulation of TLR2 signalling. Pharmacol Rep 2019; 71:614-623. [PMID: 31176103 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2019.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Revised: 02/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is commonly found to be co-morbid with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. In obese diabetic patients, TLR-2 receptor induced inflammation leads to the development of insulin resistance (IR). Furthermore, the IR is considered to be the most important cause for promoting cognitive decline which is evident in brain of patients with Alzheimer's disease related dementia (ADRD). METHODS In this study, the effect of α-lipoic acid (ALA) has been examined in rodent model of zymosan induced insulin resistance and cognitive deficits, targeting at TLR-2 signalling. TLR-2 agonist, Zymosan initiates inflammatory cascade, resulting in IR and cognitive dysfunction. Zymosan (50 mg/kg ip) was given to mice on 1st, 8th, 15th and 22nd day to induce IR which was confirmed by hyperglycaemia, hyperinsulinemia, hyperlipidimea, increased glycated haemoglobin and HOMA-IR. Further the cognitive performance was assessed in Morris water maze revealing cognitive deficit in zymosan treated mice. RESULTS Daily treatment with ALA for 28 days (50, 100, 200 mg/kg, ip) significantly improved insulin sensitivity and cognitive performance in mice by decreasing insulin resistance, corticosterone, IL-6 levels, acetylcholinesterase enzyme activity and oxidative stress in liver, cortex and hippocampus. ALA also increased adiponectin level and reduced body weight. Combination of ALA (100 mg/kg, ip) with metformin (100 mg/kg, ip) exhibited a potentiating effect in improving cognitive performance and insulin signalling. CONCLUSION The findings of the study supported the hypothesis that TLR-2 induced inflammation leads to insulin resistance and cognitive impairment and provides an evidence for the therapeutic effect of ALA in IR and ADRD patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Swati Ahuja
- Pharmacology Division, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Panjab University, UGC Centre of Advanced Study (UGC-CAS), Chandigarh, India.
| | - Ankit Uniyal
- Pharmacology Division, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Panjab University, UGC Centre of Advanced Study (UGC-CAS), Chandigarh, India.
| | - Ansab Akhtar
- Pharmacology Division, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Panjab University, UGC Centre of Advanced Study (UGC-CAS), Chandigarh, India.
| | - Sangeeta Pilkhwal Sah
- Pharmacology Division, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Panjab University, UGC Centre of Advanced Study (UGC-CAS), Chandigarh, India.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Antioxidant Supplementation in Renal Replacement Therapy Patients: Is There Evidence? OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:9109473. [PMID: 30774749 PMCID: PMC6350615 DOI: 10.1155/2019/9109473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 12/15/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The disruption of balance between production of reactive oxygen species and antioxidant systems in favor of the oxidants is termed oxidative stress (OS). To counteract the damaging effects of prooxidant free radicals, all aerobic organisms have antioxidant defense mechanisms that are aimed at neutralizing the circulating oxidants and repair the resulting injuries. Antioxidants are either endogenous (the natural defense mechanisms produced by the human body) or exogenous, found in supplements and foods. OS is present at the early stages of chronic kidney disease, augments progressively with renal function deterioration, and is further exacerbated by renal replacement therapy. End-stage renal disease patients, on hemodialysis (HD) or peritoneal dialysis (PD), suffer from accelerated OS, which has been associated with increased risk for mortality and cardiovascular disease. During HD sessions, the bioincompatibility of dialyzers and dialysate trigger activation of white blood cells and formation of free radicals, while a significant loss of antioxidants is also present. In PD, the bioincompatibility of solutions, including high osmolality, elevated lactate levels, low pH, and accumulation of advanced glycation end-products trigger formation of prooxidants, while there is significant loss of vitamins in the ultrafiltrate. A number of exogenous antioxidants have been suggested to ameliorate OS in dialysis patients. Vitamins B, C, D, and E, coenzyme Q10, L-carnitine, a-lipoic acid, curcumin, green tea, flavonoids, polyphenols, omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, statins, trace elements, and N-acetylcysteine have been studied as exogenous antioxidant supplements in both PD and HD patients.
Collapse
|
45
|
Simpson T, Deleuil S, Echeverria N, Komanduri M, Macpherson H, Suo C, Gondalia S, Fard MT, Pipingas A, Scholey A, Stough C. The Australian Research Council Longevity Intervention (ARCLI) study protocol (ANZCTR12611000487910) addendum: neuroimaging and gut microbiota protocol. Nutr J 2019; 18:1. [PMID: 30611275 PMCID: PMC6321680 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-018-0428-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Australian Research Council Longevity Intervention (ARCLI) was designed to investigate the effects of two active supplements, Pycnogenol and Bacopa monnieri (CDRI08) on cognitive performance in a cohort of elderly participants. An additional antioxidant supplement has been included into the trial. A neuroimaging component has also been added to the ARCLI study to investigate the neurochemical biomarkers of oxidative stress in vivo, as well as structural and functional changes associated with ageing and oxidative stress. Faecal biomarkers of gut microflora will also be analysed to investigate if gut microbiota are associated with domains of cognition (e.g., attention, processing speed, memory), mood or other ARCLI outcome variables. The aim of this paper is to update the published methods of the ARCLI clinical trial before it is completed, and data analysis commences. METHODS ARCLI is a randomised, placebo controlled, double-blind, now 4-arm clinical trial including neuroimaging and gut microflora sub-studies. Along with the demographic, haematological, mood, cardiovascular and cognitive assessments described in the initial protocol, 80 eligible participants from the overall study pool of ~ 400 will be recruited into the neuroimaging study and undergo scans at baseline, 3 months and 12 months. Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy, resting state functional connectivity and arterial spin labelled perfusion sequences are neuroimaging techniques included for each MRI visit in the study. Similarly, approximately 300 participants from the main study pool will be recruited to provide faecal samples at baseline, 3 months and 12 months so that the gut microbiome can be studied. DISCUSSION ARCLI is 12-month intervention study, currently underway with a group of older adults, investigating a range of outcomes and their association with ageing. The additional measurements in the ARCLI trial will further the understanding of the underlying mechanisms associated with healthy ageing and may provide insights into novel preventative therapeutic strategies for maintaining cognitive and brain health into old age. TRIAL REGISTRATION Australia and New Zealand Clinical Trials Register (ANZCTR): ACTRN12611000487970 .
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Simpson
- Centre for Human Psychopharmacology, Swinburne University of Technology, PO Box 218, Hawthorn, Victoria, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Saurenne Deleuil
- Centre for Human Psychopharmacology, Swinburne University of Technology, PO Box 218, Hawthorn, Victoria, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Nicole Echeverria
- Centre for Human Psychopharmacology, Swinburne University of Technology, PO Box 218, Hawthorn, Victoria, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Mrudhula Komanduri
- Centre for Human Psychopharmacology, Swinburne University of Technology, PO Box 218, Hawthorn, Victoria, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Helen Macpherson
- Centre for Human Psychopharmacology, Swinburne University of Technology, PO Box 218, Hawthorn, Victoria, Melbourne, Australia
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition Research, Deakin University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Chao Suo
- Brain and Mental Health Laboratory, Monash Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Shakuntla Gondalia
- Centre for Human Psychopharmacology, Swinburne University of Technology, PO Box 218, Hawthorn, Victoria, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Masoumeh Tangestani Fard
- Centre for Human Psychopharmacology, Swinburne University of Technology, PO Box 218, Hawthorn, Victoria, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Andrew Pipingas
- Centre for Human Psychopharmacology, Swinburne University of Technology, PO Box 218, Hawthorn, Victoria, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Andrew Scholey
- Centre for Human Psychopharmacology, Swinburne University of Technology, PO Box 218, Hawthorn, Victoria, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Con Stough
- Centre for Human Psychopharmacology, Swinburne University of Technology, PO Box 218, Hawthorn, Victoria, Melbourne, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Biochemical deficits and cognitive decline in brain aging: Intervention by dietary supplements. J Chem Neuroanat 2019; 95:70-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2018.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Revised: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
|
47
|
Solfrizzi V, Agosti P, Lozupone M, Custodero C, Schilardi A, Valiani V, Santamato A, Sardone R, Dibello V, Di Lena L, Stallone R, Ranieri M, Bellomo A, Greco A, Daniele A, Seripa D, Sabbà C, Logroscino G, Panza F. Nutritional interventions and cognitive-related outcomes in patients with late-life cognitive disorders: A systematic review. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2018; 95:480-498. [PMID: 30395922 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2018.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Revised: 10/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
There have been a large number of observational studies on the impact of nutrition on neuroprotection, however, there was a lack of evidence from randomized clinical trials (RCTs). In the present systematic review, from the 32 included RCTs published in the last four years (2014-2017) in patients aged 60 years and older with different late-life cognitive disorders, nutritional intervention through medical food/nutraceutical supplementation and multidomain approach improved magnetic resonance imaging findings and other cognitive-related biomarkers, but without clear effect on cognition in mild Alzheimer's disease (AD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Antioxidant-rich foods (nuts, grapes, cherries) and fatty acid supplementation, mainly n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), improved specific cognitive domains and cognitive-related outcomes in MCI, mild-to-moderate dementia, and AD. Antioxidant vitamin and trace element supplementations improved only cognitive-related outcomes and biomarkers, high-dose B vitamin supplementation in AD and MCI patients improved cognitive outcomes in the subjects with a high baseline plasma n-3 PUFA, while folic acid supplementation had positive impact on specific cognitive domains in those with high homocysteine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Solfrizzi
- Geriatric Medicine-Memory Unit and Rare Disease Centre, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', Bari, Italy.
| | - Pasquale Agosti
- Geriatric Medicine-Memory Unit and Rare Disease Centre, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', Bari, Italy
| | - Madia Lozupone
- Neurodegenerative Disease Unit, Department of Basic Medicine, Neuroscience, and Sense Organs, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Carlo Custodero
- Geriatric Medicine-Memory Unit and Rare Disease Centre, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', Bari, Italy
| | - Andrea Schilardi
- Geriatric Medicine-Memory Unit and Rare Disease Centre, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', Bari, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Valiani
- Geriatric Medicine-Memory Unit and Rare Disease Centre, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', Bari, Italy
| | - Andrea Santamato
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Section, "OORR Hospital", University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Rodolfo Sardone
- National Institute of Gastroenterology "Saverio de Bellis", Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, Bari, Italy; Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine (DIM), Section of Dentistry, University of Bari AldoMoro, Bari, Italy
| | - Vittorio Dibello
- Psychiatric Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Luca Di Lena
- National Institute of Gastroenterology "Saverio de Bellis", Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, Bari, Italy; Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine (DIM), Section of Dentistry, University of Bari AldoMoro, Bari, Italy
| | - Roberta Stallone
- National Institute of Gastroenterology "Saverio de Bellis", Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, Bari, Italy; Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine (DIM), Section of Dentistry, University of Bari AldoMoro, Bari, Italy
| | - Maurizio Ranieri
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Section, "OORR Hospital", University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Antonello Bellomo
- Psychiatric Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Antonio Greco
- Geriatric Unit, Fondazione IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza", San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Antonio Daniele
- Institute of Neurology, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Davide Seripa
- Geriatric Unit, Fondazione IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza", San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Carlo Sabbà
- Geriatric Medicine-Memory Unit and Rare Disease Centre, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', Bari, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Logroscino
- Neurodegenerative Disease Unit, Department of Basic Medicine, Neuroscience, and Sense Organs, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy; Department of Clinical Research in Neurology, Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases and the Aging Brain, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", "Pia Fondazione Cardinale G. Panico", Tricase, Lecce, Italy
| | - Francesco Panza
- Neurodegenerative Disease Unit, Department of Basic Medicine, Neuroscience, and Sense Organs, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy; Geriatric Unit, Fondazione IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza", San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy; Department of Clinical Research in Neurology, Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases and the Aging Brain, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", "Pia Fondazione Cardinale G. Panico", Tricase, Lecce, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Moeinian M, Abdolghaffari AH, Nikfar S, Momtaz S, Abdollahi M. Effects of alpha lipoic acid and its derivative "andrographolid-lipoic acid-1" on ulcerative colitis: A systematic review with meta-analysis of animal studies. J Cell Biochem 2018; 120:4766-4782. [PMID: 30362597 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
We aimed to review and meta-analyze the inflammatory and oxidative factors following alpha lipoic acid (ALA) and its derivative "andrographolid-lipoic acid-1" (AL-1) in ulcerative colitis (UC). ALA plays an important role in scavenging intracellular radicals and inflammatory elements. AL-1 is found in herbal medicines with potent anti-inflammatory properties. Data were collected from the Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, Evidence-based medicine/clinical trials, and Cochrane library database until 2017, which finally resulted in 22 animal studies (70 rats and 162 mice). The beneficial effects of ALA or AL-1 on the most important parameters of UC were reviewed; also, studies were considered separately in mice and rats. Administration of ALA and AL-1 significantly reduced the tumor necrosis factor-α level compared with the controls, while data were not noteworthy in the meta-analysis (mean differences = -18.57 [95% CI = -42.65 to 5.51], P = 0.13). In spite of insignificant decrease in meta-analysis outcomes (differences = 6.92 [95% CI = -39.33 to 53.16], P = 0.77), a significant reduction in myeloperoxidase activity was shown following ALA or AL-1 treatment compared with the controls. Despite significant differences in each study, we had to exclude some studies to homogenize data for meta-analyzing as they showed insignificant results. Interleukin 6, cyclooxygenase-2, glutathione, malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, histopathological score, macroscopic and microscopic scores, disease activity index, body weight change, and colon length were also reviewed. Most studies have emphasized on significant positive effects of ALA and AL-1. Comprehensive clinical trials are obligatory to determine the precious position of ALA or AL-1 in the management of UC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Moeinian
- Toxicology and Diseases Group, The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Hossein Abdolghaffari
- Toxicology and Diseases Group, The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Medicinal Plants Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR, Karaj, Iran.,Gastrointestinal Pharmacology Interest Group (GPIG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Shekoufeh Nikfar
- Toxicology and Diseases Group, The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Pharmacoeconomics and Pharmaceutical Administration, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeideh Momtaz
- Toxicology and Diseases Group, The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Medicinal Plants Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR, Karaj, Iran
| | - Mohammad Abdollahi
- Toxicology and Diseases Group, The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Wesselink E, Koekkoek WAC, Grefte S, Witkamp RF, van Zanten ARH. Feeding mitochondria: Potential role of nutritional components to improve critical illness convalescence. Clin Nutr 2018; 38:982-995. [PMID: 30201141 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2018.08.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Revised: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Persistent physical impairment is frequently encountered after critical illness. Recent data point towards mitochondrial dysfunction as an important determinant of this phenomenon. This narrative review provides a comprehensive overview of the present knowledge of mitochondrial function during and after critical illness and the role and potential therapeutic applications of specific micronutrients to restore mitochondrial function. Increased lactate levels and decreased mitochondrial ATP-production are common findings during critical illness and considered to be associated with decreased activity of muscle mitochondrial complexes in the electron transfer system. Adequate nutrient levels are essential for mitochondrial function as several specific micronutrients play crucial roles in energy metabolism and ATP-production. We have addressed the role of B vitamins, ascorbic acid, α-tocopherol, selenium, zinc, coenzyme Q10, caffeine, melatonin, carnitine, nitrate, lipoic acid and taurine in mitochondrial function. B vitamins and lipoic acid are essential in the tricarboxylic acid cycle, while selenium, α-tocopherol, Coenzyme Q10, caffeine, and melatonin are suggested to boost the electron transfer system function. Carnitine is essential for fatty acid beta-oxidation. Selenium is involved in mitochondrial biogenesis. Notwithstanding the documented importance of several nutritional components for optimal mitochondrial function, at present, there are no studies providing directions for optimal requirements during or after critical illness although deficiencies of these specific micronutrients involved in mitochondrial metabolism are common. Considering the interplay between these specific micronutrients, future research should pay more attention to their combined supply to provide guidance for use in clinical practise. REVISION NUMBER: YCLNU-D-17-01092R2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E Wesselink
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, Stippeneng 4, 6708 WE, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
| | - W A C Koekkoek
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Gelderse Vallei Hospital, Willy Brandtlaan 10, 6716, Ede, The Netherlands.
| | - S Grefte
- Human and Animal Physiology, Wageningen University, De Elst 1, 6708 DW, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
| | - R F Witkamp
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, Stippeneng 4, 6708 WE, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
| | - A R H van Zanten
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Gelderse Vallei Hospital, Willy Brandtlaan 10, 6716, Ede, The Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Kim KH, Lee B, Kim YR, Kim MA, Ryu N, Jung DJ, Kim UK, Baek JI, Lee KY. Evaluating protective and therapeutic effects of alpha-lipoic acid on cisplatin-induced ototoxicity. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:827. [PMID: 30068942 PMCID: PMC6070527 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0888-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2018] [Revised: 07/07/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Cisplatin, a small platinum-containing molecule, is a widely used, highly effective anticancer drug. However, severe side effects have been found in cancer patients treated with cisplatin, including nephrotoxicity, neurotoxicity, and ototoxicity. These cisplatin-induced side effects can have a major impact on patient quality of life, including social development problems in pediatric patients that develop hearing loss. Previous studies have suggested that the major cause of cisplatin-induced ototoxicity is abnormal accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative stress. Alpha-lipoic acid (ALA), one of the most effective antioxidants, is known to be involved in the cellular antioxidant system and may have a protective effect on cisplatin-induced ototoxicity. However, the therapeutic effect of ALA on damaged hearing function and its detailed mechanism of action are not fully understood. This study focused on determining whether ALA has a potential as a protective and/or therapeutic agent for cisplatin-induced ototoxicity. Histological and physiological analyses were performed using cisplatin-treated mouse cochlea and HEI-OC1 culture cells in pre- and post-treatment with ALA in vitro and in vivo. We found that ALA contributes to protecting mitochondrial function by preventing ROS accumulation and inhibiting apoptotic cell death. Importantly, post-treatment with ALA consistently showed an almost equal restorative effect to pretreatment, in vitro and in vivo, supporting the possible use of ALA as a therapeutic agent for cisplatin-induced ototoxicity. This study is the first report on a strong therapeutic potential of ALA to rescue ototoxic hearing loss caused by cisplatin, and our data provide key evidence that ALA may act as a reducing agent for glutathione disulfide to increase glutathione levels on behalf of glutathione reductase. This result was consistent in both cultured cells and the mouse model, which improves the clinical value of ALA for therapy of cisplatin-induced ototoxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kyung-Hee Kim
- Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea.,School of Life Sciences, BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeonghyeon Lee
- Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea.,School of Life Sciences, BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Ye-Ri Kim
- Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea.,School of Life Sciences, BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-A Kim
- Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea.,School of Life Sciences, BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Nari Ryu
- Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea.,School of Life Sciences, BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Da Jung Jung
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Un-Kyung Kim
- Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea. .,School of Life Sciences, BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jeong-In Baek
- Department of Aroma-Applied Industry, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan, 38610, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kyu-Yup Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41944, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|