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Dwivedi P, Malik A, Fatima Hussain HZ, Jatrana I, Imtiyaz K, Rizvi MA, Mushtaque M, Khan AU, Alam M, Rafatullah M. Eco-Friendly CuO/Fe 3O 4 Nanocomposite synthesis, characterization, and cytotoxicity study. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27787. [PMID: 38496878 PMCID: PMC10944281 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
The current study report a convenient, simple, and low cost approach for the biogenic synthesis of CuO/Fe3O4 nanocomposites (NCs) from pumpkin seeds extract and their vitro cytotoxicity. The characterization of finally obtained CuO/Fe3O4 nanocomposites (NCs) performed using UV-Visible, FT-IR, XRD, XPS, GC-MS, SEM-EDX and TEM analysis. The formation and elemental analysis were determined using the energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) microanalysis technique. The formation of rod-like monoclinic and spherical, having size range 5 nm-20 nm confirmed by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) respectively. Finally, the MTT assay of the synthesized composites was evaluated for toxicity against cancerous cell lines HCT-116 (Colon cancer cell) and A549 (human lung adenocarcinoma cell). The synthesized composite material showed moderate (IC50 = 199 μg/mL) to low (IC50 = 445 μg/mL) activity against HCT-116 and A549 cell lines, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poonam Dwivedi
- Department of Chemistry, School of Basic Sciences, Jaipur National University, Jaipur, 302017 (Rajasthan) India
| | - Abdul Malik
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hafiza Zumra Fatima Hussain
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Science and Technology (DISTABiF), University of Campania ‘Luigi Vanvitelli’ Via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Indu Jatrana
- Department of Chemistry, School of Basic Sciences, Jaipur National University, Jaipur, 302017 (Rajasthan) India
| | - Khalid Imtiyaz
- Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - M.M. Alam Rizvi
- Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Md Mushtaque
- Department of Chemistry, Millat College (A constituent colle ge of Lalit Narayan Mithila University), Darbhanga, Bihar, India
| | - Azhar U. Khan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Basic Sciences, Jaipur National University, Jaipur, 302017 (Rajasthan) India
| | - Mahboob Alam
- Division of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Dongguk University, 123, Dongdaero, Gyeongju-si 780714, Republic of Korea
| | - Mohd Rafatullah
- Environmental Technology Division, School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang, Malaysia
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Lolli V, Viscusi P, Bonzanini F, Conte A, Fuso A, Larocca S, Leni G, Caligiani A. Oil and protein extraction from fruit seed and kernel by-products using a one pot enzymatic-assisted mild extraction. Food Chem X 2023; 19:100819. [PMID: 37780249 PMCID: PMC10534168 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2023.100819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
This research evaluated the application of a one-pot enzymatic extraction by using a protease for the concomitant and sustainable extraction of oils and proteins from fruit seeds/kernels of different species of stone, citrus and exotic fruits. The proteolysis improved the oil solvent-extractability of seeds/kernels of some fruit species compared to the use of acid and/or organic solvents and led to directly recover fat (10-33%) from mango, lemon and pumpkin seeds. Good protein extraction yields were obtained compared to conventional solvent extractions and with a good hydrolysis degree (almost 10%) in the case of lemon and pumpkin seed protein hydrolysates. The nutritional quality of all the protein hydrolysates was quite low, because of their limiting amino acids (histidine, methionine and lysine). On the contrary, the fruit seed/kernel oils resulted with high nutritional value, as they were mostly rich in unsaturated fatty acids, primarily oleic acid (>25%) and linoleic acid (till 40%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Lolli
- Food and Drug Department, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Pio Viscusi
- Food and Drug Department, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | | | | | - Andrea Fuso
- Food and Drug Department, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | | | - Giulia Leni
- Food and Drug Department, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
- Department for Sustainable Food Process, Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environmental Sciences, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Piacenza, Italy
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Zhu Y, Wang Y, Wei Z, Zhang X, Jiao B, Tian Y, Yan F, Li J, Liu Y, Yang X, Zhang J, Wang X, Mu Z, Wang Q. Analysis of oil synthesis pathway in Cyperus esculentus tubers and identification of oleosin and caleosin genes. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 284:153961. [PMID: 36933340 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2023.153961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The tubers of the widely distributed Cyperus esculentus are rich in oil, and therefore, the plant is considered to have a high utilization value in the vegetable oil industry. Oleosins and caleosins are lipid-associated proteins found in oil bodies of seeds; however oleosins and caleosins genes have not been identified in C. esculentus. In this study, we performed transcriptome sequencing and lipid metabolome analysis of C. esculentus tubers at four developmental stages to obtain the information on their genetic profile, expression trends, and metabolites in oil accumulation pathways. Overall, 120,881 non-redundant unigenes and 255 lipids were detected; 18 genes belonged to the acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), malonyl-CoA:ACP transacylase (MCAT), β-ketoacyl-ACP synthase (KAS), and fatty acyl-ACP thioesterase (FAT) gene families involved in fatty acid biosynthesis, and 16 genes belonged to the glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase (GPAT), diacylglycerol acyltransferase 3 (DGAT3), phospholipid:diacylglycerol acyltransferase (PDAT), FAD2, and lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferase (LPAAT) gene families playing important roles in triacylglycerol synthesis. We also identified 9 oleosin- and 21 caleosin-encoding genes in C. esculentus tubers. These results provide detailed information on the C. esculentus transcriptional and metabolic profiles, which can be used as reference for the development of strategies to increase oil content in C. esculentus tubers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youcheng Zhu
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, 5333 Xi'an Road, Changchun City, China.
| | - Ying Wang
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, 5333 Xi'an Road, Changchun City, China.
| | - Zunmiao Wei
- Institute of Economic Plants, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Gongzhuling, 136105, China.
| | - Xiaokai Zhang
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, 5333 Xi'an Road, Changchun City, China.
| | - Bingyang Jiao
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, 5333 Xi'an Road, Changchun City, China.
| | - Yu Tian
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, 5333 Xi'an Road, Changchun City, China.
| | - Fan Yan
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, 5333 Xi'an Road, Changchun City, China.
| | - Jingwen Li
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, 5333 Xi'an Road, Changchun City, China.
| | - Yajing Liu
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, 5333 Xi'an Road, Changchun City, China.
| | - Xuguang Yang
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, 5333 Xi'an Road, Changchun City, China.
| | - Jinhao Zhang
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, 5333 Xi'an Road, Changchun City, China.
| | - Xinyue Wang
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, 5333 Xi'an Road, Changchun City, China.
| | - Zhongsheng Mu
- Institute of Economic Plants, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Gongzhuling, 136105, China.
| | - Qingyu Wang
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, 5333 Xi'an Road, Changchun City, China.
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Wahid S, Alqahtani A, Khan RA. Cucurbita maxima Seeds Reduce Anxiety and Depression and Improve Memory. Behav Neurol 2023; 2023:7509937. [PMID: 37006627 PMCID: PMC10060065 DOI: 10.1155/2023/7509937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 04/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The current study was planned to assess the neuropharmacological benefits of the Cucurbita maxima seed. These seeds have been conventionally used for the nutritional as well as amelioration of various diseases. However, there was a need to provide a pharmacological basis for such use. Four central nervous system-related functions, that is, anxiety, depression, memory, and motor coordination, were evaluated, and the levels of brain biogenic amines were also assessed. Anxiety was evaluated through selected experimental models, such as light and dark apparatus, elevated plus maze, head dip, and open field test. The head dip test was mainly used to assess exploratory behavior. Depression was assessed by two animal models, that is, the forced swim test and tail suspension test. Memory and learning ability were assessed by the passive avoidance test, stationary rod apparatus, and Morris's water maze test. Motor skilled learning was assessed by stationary rod and rotarod apparatus. Reversed phase high-pressure liquid chromatography was used to determine biogenic amine levels. Results reveal that C. maxima exhibited anxiolytic and antidepressant effects with memory improvement. There was a reduction in the weight of the animal following chronic administration. Furthermore, no remarkable effects were observed on motor coordination. Norepinephrine was found elevated, which may be linked to its antidepressant effects. These biological effects of C. maxima may be due to the presence of secondary metabolites, such as cucurbitacin, beta-sitosterol, polyphenolic compounds, citrulline, kaempferol, arginine, β-carotene, quercetin, and other antioxidants. The outcomes of the present study authenticate that the chronic use of C. maxima seeds reduces the intensity of neurological problems like anxiety and depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahana Wahid
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Benazir Bhutto Shaheed University Lyari, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Ali Alqahtani
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Guraiger, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rafeeq Alam Khan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Ziauddin University Education City, Link Road, Karachi, Pakistan
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Charaya A, Chawla N, Dhatt AS, Sharma M, Sharma S, Kaur I. Evaluation of biochemical composition of hulled and hull-less genotypes of pumpkin seeds grown in subtropical India. Heliyon 2023; 9:e12995. [PMID: 36747941 PMCID: PMC9898665 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e12995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Pumpkin seeds are one of the functional foods with most potential having myriad of uses, and functioning as both edible seeds and oilseeds. Nevertheless, their utilization is restricted to the presence of a thick seed coat (hull) which subjects them to the process of decortication, increasing the farmers' expense as well as limiting their utilization as oilseeds. Therefore, in the present study, characterization of the biochemical composition of the hulled (Punjab Chappan Kadoo-1 abbreviated as PCK-1) and hull-less (PAU Magaz Kadoo-1 abbreviated as PMK-1) genotype of pumpkin seeds was undertaken to assess the nutritional differences and their efficient application; PMK-1 is a new cultivar of pumpkin released by Punjab Agricultural University in 2018. Based on the characterization, the hulled genotype of pumpkin seeds was observed to possess higher content of total soluble proteins (79.62 mg/100 g), total free amino acids (3.48 g/100 g), moisture (6.74%), fibre content (21.1 g/100 g), antioxidant potential (26.15%), polyamines (19.2 mg/100 g), sterols (387.1 mg/100 g), and specific enzymatic activity whereas the hull-less genotype was observed to possess a higher amount of minerals (4.57 g/100 g), tocopherols (15.76 mg/100 g), and oil content (36%) respectively; most of the biochemical parameters do not differ from each other at a greater fold difference except for total free amino acids and fibre, which are nearly four times and three times higher in hulled seeds in comparison to the naked seeds respectively. The two genotypes of seeds do not compete, rather do complement each other in biochemical and nutritional composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ananaya Charaya
- Department of Biochemistry, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 141004, India
- Corresponding author.
| | - Neena Chawla
- Department of Vegetable Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 141004, India
| | - Ajmer Singh Dhatt
- Directorate of Research, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 141004, India
| | - Madhu Sharma
- Department of Vegetable Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 141004, India
| | - Sanjula Sharma
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 141004, India
| | - Inderpal Kaur
- Department of Biochemistry, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 141004, India
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6
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Assessment of the Transfer of Elemental Contaminants from Contiguous Soils to Pumpkin Seeds by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry. Pharm Chem J 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s11094-023-02797-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Hussain A, Kausar T, Sehar S, Sarwar A, Quddoos MY, Aslam J, Liaqat A, Siddique T, An QU, Kauser S, Rehman A, Nisar R. A review on biochemical constituents of pumpkin and their role as pharma foods; a key strategy to improve health in post COVID 19 period. FOOD PRODUCTION, PROCESSING AND NUTRITION 2023; 5:22. [PMCID: PMC10030350 DOI: 10.1186/s43014-023-00138-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
Abstract
Progression of today’s world has been given setback due to the adversity of a novel, viral, deadly outbreak COVID 19, which raised the concerns of the scientists, researchers and health related officials about the inherent and adaptive immune system of the living body and its relation with healthy diet balanced with pharma foods. Now world is coming out of the destructive pandemic era, the choice of right food can help to build and boost adaptive immunity and pumpkin due to excellent profile of functional and nutraceutical constituents could be the part of both infected and non-infected person’s daily diet. Vitamins like A, C and E, minerals like zinc, iron and selenium, essential oils, peptides, carotenoids and polysaccharides present in pumpkin could accommodate the prevailing deficiencies in the body to fought against the viral pathogens. In current post COVID 19 scenario adequate supply of healthy diet, balanced with pharma foods could play a basic role in boosting immune system of the populations. This review covers the pharmacological activities of pumpkin functional constituents in relation with COVID 19 pandemic. Pumpkins are well equipped with nutraceuticals and functional bioactives like tocopherols, polyphenols, terpenoids and lutein therefore, consumption and processing of this remarkable vegetable could be encouraged as pharma food due to its antihyperlipidemic, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, antihyperglycemic, immunomodulatory, antihypertensive, antimicrobial and antioxidant potential. Need of healthy eating in current post COVID 19 period is very crucial for healthy population, and medicinal foods like pumpkin could play a vital role in developing a healthy community around the globe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashiq Hussain
- grid.412782.a0000 0004 0609 4693Institute of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
- Punjab Food Authority, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Tusneem Kausar
- grid.412782.a0000 0004 0609 4693Institute of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Sawera Sehar
- grid.440564.70000 0001 0415 4232Department of Zoology, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ayesha Sarwar
- grid.412782.a0000 0004 0609 4693Institute of Chemistry, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Yousaf Quddoos
- grid.412782.a0000 0004 0609 4693Institute of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Jawed Aslam
- grid.412782.a0000 0004 0609 4693Institute of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Atif Liaqat
- grid.510450.5Institute of Food Science and Technology, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, Pakistan
| | | | - Qurat Ul An
- grid.412782.a0000 0004 0609 4693Institute of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Samina Kauser
- grid.412782.a0000 0004 0609 4693Institute of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Rehman
- grid.412782.a0000 0004 0609 4693Institute of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Rizwan Nisar
- grid.412782.a0000 0004 0609 4693Institute of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
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8
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Ali SAM, Muddathir AM, Hassan AB. The Physical and Chemical Characteristics of Seeds Oil of Local Sudanese Pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata Duchesne). J Oleo Sci 2022; 71:1605-1612. [PMID: 36198579 DOI: 10.5650/jos.ess22007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the physical and chemical properties of pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata Duchesne) seed oil obtained from local Sudanese pumpkins. Three different genotypes of the pumpkin fruits as round, elongated and bell shapes were collected from Elgadarif State, Sudan. The oil's seeds' physical and chemical characteristics were determined by viscosity, specific gravity, refractive index, oil content peroxide value, acid value, saponification, unsaponifiable, pH, iodine value, total polyphenols and fatty acid content. The results revealed that there were significant (p < 0.05) differences in the oil content and chemical characteristics (except acid value and pH) of oil among the different pumpkin fruit genotypes. Linoleic and oleic acids were the primary fatty acids among the different pumpkin fruit genotypes. However, there were no significant (p < 0.05) differences in the fatty acid content and physical properties of the seed's oil. The high oil content, phenolic content and essential fatty acids indicated that the obtained oil from different local Sudanese pumpkins might impart health and nutritional benefit when involved in the food industry as a natural resource.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salwa Ali Mohamed Ali
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Khartoum
- Agricultural Research Corporation, Maatog Research Station
| | | | - Amro B Hassan
- Environment and Natural Resources and Desertification Research Institute (ENDRI), National Center for Research
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University
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Batool M, Ranjha MMAN, Roobab U, Manzoor MF, Farooq U, Nadeem HR, Nadeem M, Kanwal R, AbdElgawad H, Al Jaouni SK, Selim S, Ibrahim SA. Nutritional Value, Phytochemical Potential, and Therapeutic Benefits of Pumpkin ( Cucurbita sp.). PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:plants11111394. [PMID: 35684166 PMCID: PMC9182978 DOI: 10.3390/plants11111394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/21/2022] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Pumpkin is a well-known multifunctional ingredient in the diet, full of nutrients, and has opened new vistas for scientists during the past years. The fruit of pumpkin including the flesh, seed, and peel are a rich source of primary and secondary metabolites, including proteins, carbohydrates, monounsaturated fatty acids, polyunsaturated fatty acids, carotenoids, tocopherols, tryptophan, delta-7-sterols, and many other phytochemicals. This climber is traditionally used in many countries, such as Austria, Hungary, Mexico, Slovenia, China, Spain, and several Asian and African countries as a functional food and provides health promising properties. Other benefits of pumpkin, such as improving spermatogenesis, wound healing, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, anti-ulcerative properties, and treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia have also been confirmed by researchers. For better drug delivery, nanoemulsions and niosomes made from pumpkin seeds have also been reported as a health promising tool, but further research is still required in this field. This review mainly focuses on compiling and summarizing the most relevant literature to highlight the nutritional value, phytochemical potential, and therapeutic benefits of pumpkin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Batool
- University Institute of Diet and Nutritional Sciences, University of Lahore, Gujrat 50700, Pakistan;
| | | | - Ume Roobab
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China; (U.R.); (R.K.)
| | | | - Umar Farooq
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Muhammad Nawaz Shareef University of Agriculture, Multan 59300, Pakistan;
| | - Hafiz Rehan Nadeem
- Institute of Food Science and Nutrition, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 59300, Pakistan;
| | - Muhammad Nadeem
- Institute of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan; (M.M.A.N.R.); (M.N.)
| | - Rabia Kanwal
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China; (U.R.); (R.K.)
| | - Hamada AbdElgawad
- Integrated Molecular Plant Physiology Research, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, 2020 Antwerpen, Belgium;
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt
| | - Soad K. Al Jaouni
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Yousef Abdulatif Jameel Scientific Chair of Prophetic Medicine Application, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Samy Selim
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (S.S.); (S.A.I.)
| | - Salam A. Ibrahim
- Food Microbiology and Biotechnology Laboratory, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, Greensboro, NC 27411, USA
- Correspondence: (S.S.); (S.A.I.)
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10
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Effect of Fermented Camel Milk Containing Pumpkin Seed Milk on the Oxidative Stress Induced by Carbon Tetrachloride in Experimental Rats. FERMENTATION 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation8050223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress can lead to chronic inflammation, nephrotoxicity, and renal damage. The consumption of plant-based dairy alternatives has increased rapidly worldwide due to their health effects. Bioactive components from natural sources, such as plants, are effective in protecting against oxidative stress. The present study evaluated the physicochemical and sensory properties of fermented camel milk made from camel milk mixed with pumpkin seed milk. Fermented camel milk consists of camel milk mixed with 25% and 50% pumpkin seed milk. This blend (fermented camel milk containing 50% pumpkin seed milk) was evaluated as an antioxidant agent in oxidative stress induced rats. A total of thirty-two male adult albino rats of Sprague Dawley® Rat strain weighing 150–180 g were randomly divided into four groups (n = 8). The first group was solely administered the standard diet and served as the negative control. The other rats (n = 24), received a basal diet, including being intraperitoneally injected with carbon tetrachloride, with a single dose at a rate of 2 mL/kg body weight) as a model for oxidative stress. The oxidative stress rats were divided into three groups; the first group did not receive any treatment and served as the positive control. The second and third groups were administered 10 g/day fermented camel milk and fermented camel milk containing 50% pumpkin seed milk. The results revealed that mixing the camel milk with pumpkin seed milk was more effective in increasing the total solids, protein, ash, fiber, acidity, viscosity, phenolic content, and antioxidant activity. These enhancements were proportional to the mixing ratio. Fermented camel milk containing 50% pumpkin seed milk exhibited the highest scores for sensory properties compared with the other fermented camel milk treatments. The group of rats with oxidative stress treated with fermented camel milk containing 50% pumpkin seed milk showed a significant decrease (p ≤ 0.05) in the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), cholesterol (CL), triglycerides (TGs), AST, ALT, creatinine, and urea, and increased (p ≤ 0.05) high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and total protein and albumin compared with rats with oxidative stress. Consumption of fermented camel milk containing 50% pumpkin seed milk by the oxidative stress rat groups caused significant improvement in all of these factors compared with the positive control group. This study revealed that the administration of fermented camel milk containing 50% pumpkin seed milk to rats with oxidative stress prevented disorders related to oxidative stress compared with the untreated oxidative stress group. Thus, incorporating fermented camel milk might play a beneficial role in patients with oxidative stress.
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Jane Monica S, John S, Madhanagopal R, Sivaraj C, Khusro A, Arumugam P, Gajdács M, Esther Lydia D, Umar Khayam Sahibzada M, Alghamdi S, Almehmadi M, Bin Emran T. Chemical composition of pumpkin (Cucurbita maxima) seeds and its supplemental effect on Indian women with metabolic syndrome. ARAB J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2022.103985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
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12
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Microwave- and Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction of Cucurbita pepo Seeds: A Comparison Study of Antioxidant Activity, Phenolic Profile, and In-Vitro Cells Effects. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12031763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays there is a growing demand for nutraceuticals to prevent diseases related to redox imbalances, such as atherosclerosis and diabetes, being crucial to search for new matrixes rich in bioactive compounds. This work aims to characterize the value-added compounds extracted from Curcubita pepo seeds using green methodologies, namely microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) and ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), employing water as an extracting solvent for two ratios (condition 1: 1 mg/20 mL; condition 2: 2.5 mg/20 mL). The extract with the best antioxidant/antiradical activity in FRAP (71.09 μmol FSE/g DW) and DPPH (5.08 mg TE/g DW) assays was MAE condition 1, while MAE condition 2 exhibited the highest activity in the ABTS assay (13.29 mg AAE/g DW) and TPC (16.89 mg GAE/g DW). A remarkable scavenging capacity was observed, particularly for HOCl, with IC50 values ranging from 1.88–13.50 μg/mL. A total of 21 phenolic compounds were identified, being catechin (4.567–7.354 mg/g DW), caffeine (1.147–2.401 mg/g DW) and gallic acid (0.945–1.337 mg/g DW) predominant. No adverse effects were observed on Caco-2 viability after exposure to MAE extracts, while the other conditions led to a slight viability decrease in NSC-34. These results highlighted that the extract from MAE condition 2 is the most promising as a potential nutraceutical ingredient.
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13
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Ghayas S, Hannan A, Rizwani GH. Phytochemical, Antioxidant, Toxicological, and Pharmaceutical Evaluation of Polyherbal Formulation: Irochel. Dose Response 2022; 20:15593258211073412. [PMID: 35153638 PMCID: PMC8829781 DOI: 10.1177/15593258211073412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Purpose: Irochel is a polyherbal formulation, comprises ethanolic extracts of Emblica officinalis, Cucurbita pepo L, Triticum aestivum, Fagonia cretica, Momordica charantia, and Tribulus terristris. It is prepared for the management of iron overload in transfusion-dependent thalassemia patients in which non-transfusion binds iron-produced reactive oxygen species ROS that causes severe damages to the organs leads to death. Research Study: In this study, phytochemical, antioxidant-DPPH assay, cytotoxicity, acute, and subacute toxicity in Wistar rats according to OECD guidelines 423 and 407, respectively, was carried out. The pharmaceutical analysis was conducted following standard protocols. Results: The results exhibited that each herb has a rich amount of phytochemical constituents. The DPPH assay showed IC50 values for Irochel and Gallic Acid 106.6 ± 4.28 [uM] and 21.8 ± 1.03 [uM], respectively. The LC50 124.327 μg/ml was obtained in cytotoxicity. In acute toxicity (14 days) and subacute toxicity (28 days) studies, the results revealed no treatment-related toxic manifestations, or mortality. Therefore, LD50 was found > 5000 mg/kg. However, there was some hematological and biochemical variations observed at 3 different doses of 2000, 300, and 50 mg/kg bw. Conclusion: Thus, Irochel has significant antioxidant activity and it is a safe drug for human use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syma Ghayas
- Faculty of Eastern Medicine, Hamdard University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Hannan
- Clinical Science Research, Hamdard Laboratories (Waqf.), Karachi, Pakistan
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14
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Vargas MA, Bernal C, Martínez R. Protease‐assisted process for tryptophan release from pumpkin (
Cucurbita maxima
) seed protein extracts. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.16290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marta A. Vargas
- Laboratorio de Tecnología Enzimática para Bioprocesos Departamento de Ingeniería en Alimentos Universidad de La Serena La Serena Chile
| | - Claudia Bernal
- Laboratorio de Tecnología Enzimática para Bioprocesos Departamento de Ingeniería en Alimentos Universidad de La Serena La Serena Chile
- Instituto de Investigación Multidisciplinaria en Ciencia y Tecnología Universidad de La Serena La Serena Chile
| | - Ronny Martínez
- Laboratorio de Tecnología Enzimática para Bioprocesos Departamento de Ingeniería en Alimentos Universidad de La Serena La Serena Chile
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15
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Baune MC, Jeske AL, Profeta A, Smetana S, Broucke K, Van Royen G, Gibis M, Weiss J, Terjung N. Effect of plant protein extrudates on hybrid meatballs – Changes in nutritional composition and sustainability. FUTURE FOODS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fufo.2021.100081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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16
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Akçay Kulluk D, Özcan MM, Gökmen Yılmaz F, Dursun N. Changes in mineral content in processed nuts, seeds, and fruits consumed as cookies. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.16036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Duygu Akçay Kulluk
- Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture Selcuk University Konya Turkey
| | - Mehmet Musa Özcan
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture University of Selçuk Konya Turkey
| | - Fatma Gökmen Yılmaz
- Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture Selcuk University Konya Turkey
| | - Nesim Dursun
- Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture Selcuk University Konya Turkey
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17
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Csikós E, Horváth A, Ács K, Papp N, Balázs VL, Dolenc MS, Kenda M, Kočevar Glavač N, Nagy M, Protti M, Mercolini L, Horváth G, Farkas Á. Treatment of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia by Natural Drugs. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26237141. [PMID: 34885733 PMCID: PMC8659259 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26237141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is one of the most common urinary diseases affecting men, generally after the age of 50. The prevalence of this multifactorial disease increases with age. With aging, the plasma level of testosterone decreases, as well as the testosterone/estrogen ratio, resulting in increased estrogen activity, which may facilitate the hyperplasia of the prostate cells. Another theory focuses on dihydrotestosterone (DHT) and the activity of the enzyme 5α-reductase, which converts testosterone to DHT. In older men, the activity of this enzyme increases, leading to a decreased testosterone/DHT ratio. DHT may promote prostate cell growth, resulting in hyperplasia. Some medicinal plants and their compounds act by modulating this enzyme, and have the above-mentioned targets. This review focuses on herbal drugs that are most widely used in the treatment of BPH, including pumpkin seed, willow herb, tomato, maritime pine bark, Pygeum africanum bark, rye pollen, saw palmetto fruit, and nettle root, highlighting the latest results of preclinical and clinical studies, as well as safety issues. In addition, the pharmaceutical care and other therapeutic options of BPH, including pharmacotherapy and surgical options, are discussed, summarizing and comparing the advantages and disadvantages of each therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eszter Csikós
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pécs, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary; (E.C.); (K.Á.); (N.P.); (V.L.B.); (G.H.)
| | - Adrienn Horváth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pécs, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary;
| | - Kamilla Ács
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pécs, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary; (E.C.); (K.Á.); (N.P.); (V.L.B.); (G.H.)
| | - Nóra Papp
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pécs, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary; (E.C.); (K.Á.); (N.P.); (V.L.B.); (G.H.)
| | - Viktória Lilla Balázs
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pécs, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary; (E.C.); (K.Á.); (N.P.); (V.L.B.); (G.H.)
| | - Marija Sollner Dolenc
- University of Ljubljana, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (M.S.D.); (M.K.)
| | - Maša Kenda
- University of Ljubljana, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (M.S.D.); (M.K.)
| | - Nina Kočevar Glavač
- University of Ljubljana, Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
| | - Milan Nagy
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University in Bratislava, SK-832-32 Bratislava, Slovakia;
| | - Michele Protti
- Research Group of Pharmaco-Toxicological Analysis (PTA Lab), Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FaBiT), Alma Mater Studiorum—University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (M.P.); (L.M.)
| | - Laura Mercolini
- Research Group of Pharmaco-Toxicological Analysis (PTA Lab), Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FaBiT), Alma Mater Studiorum—University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (M.P.); (L.M.)
| | - Györgyi Horváth
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pécs, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary; (E.C.); (K.Á.); (N.P.); (V.L.B.); (G.H.)
| | - Ágnes Farkas
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pécs, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary; (E.C.); (K.Á.); (N.P.); (V.L.B.); (G.H.)
- Correspondence:
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18
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Pumpkin seeds as an eco-friendly corrosion inhibitor for 7075-T6 alloy in 3.5% NaCl solution: Electrochemical, surface and computational studies. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.116547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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19
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Sanzana S, Rodríguez L, Barraza Barrionuevo H, Albornoz Poblete C, Maróstica Junior MR, Fuentes E, Palomo I. Antiplatelet Activity of Cucurbita maxima. J Med Food 2021; 24:1197-1205. [PMID: 34463138 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2021.0006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural extracts constitute an important source in the prevention of noncommunicable diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases. The pumpkin, Cucurbita maxima, is widely consumed in Chile. Pumpkin seeds, despite having crude protein, lipids, and carbohydrates, are regarded as agro-industrial waste. In this work, we correlated the antiplatelet activity of aqueous, ethanolic, and methanolic extracts from pumpkin seeds with their bioactive compounds. In vitro platelet aggregation and activation studies were performed by turbidimetry and flow cytometry, respectively. Results reveal that the extracts inhibited, in a dose-dependent manner, platelet aggregation induced by adenosine diphosphate, thrombin receptor activator peptide 6 (TRAP-6), and collagen. Pumpkin seed extracts inhibited P-selectin secretion and glycoprotein IIb/IIIa activation on TRAP-6-activated platelets. They were found to be rich in fatty acids and a powerful source of plant-based protein, which could be related to the high antiplatelet potential identified in extracts. This research demonstrated that pumpkin seed extracts could be a candidate in the prevention of thrombotic events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sigrid Sanzana
- Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Antofagasta, Antofagasta, Chile
| | - Lyanne Rodríguez
- Thrombosis Research Center, Medical Technology School, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Hayleen Barraza Barrionuevo
- Department of Food and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Antofagasta, Antofagasta, Chile
| | - César Albornoz Poblete
- Department of Food and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Antofagasta, Antofagasta, Chile
| | - Mário Roberto Maróstica Junior
- Ibero-American Network for the Integrated Use of Underutilized Indigenous Foods (ALSUB-CYTED).,School of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.,University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Faculty of School Engineering (FEA), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Fuentes
- Thrombosis Research Center, Medical Technology School, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Iván Palomo
- Thrombosis Research Center, Medical Technology School, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
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20
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Wahid S, Alqahtani A, Alam Khan R. Analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects and safety profile of Cucurbita maxima and Cucumis sativus seeds. Saudi J Biol Sci 2021; 28:4334-4341. [PMID: 34354417 PMCID: PMC8325025 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 04/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The premise of the pharmacology of natural product is to explore benefits of natural resources for the mankind. Medicines extracted from natural resources are considered as primary source for drug discovery. Thus, the current study was designed to evaluate the safety profile and explore the analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity of ethanol extract of Cucurbita maxima (C. maxima) and Cucumis sativus (C. sativus) seeds. These seeds are edible, good in taste and have been used for several therapeutic purposes. Acute toxicity of the seeds was evaluated by Lorke’s method while Eddy’s hot plate and tail immersion methods were used to assess analgesic activity in mice. Anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated by rat hind paw edema method. The seed extracts of C. maxima and C. sativus were found to be safe and showed significant analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity in comparison with the control group. The therapeutic effects of these extracts were almost comparable to aspirin and brufen. Therefore, the seeds can be used as effective analgesic and anti-inflammatory agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahana Wahid
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Ali Alqahtani
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Guraiger, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rafeeq Alam Khan
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Ziauddin University, Clifton, Karachi 75600, Pakistan
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21
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Evaluation of Fatty Acid Compositions, Antioxidant, and Pharmacological Activities of Pumpkin ( Cucurbita moschata) Seed Oil from Aqueous Enzymatic Extraction. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10081582. [PMID: 34451628 PMCID: PMC8402081 DOI: 10.3390/plants10081582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Pumpkin seed oil is a by-product, abundant in nutrients and bioactive components that promote several health benefits. This study aimed to compare chemical compositions, antioxidant, and pharmacological activities of pumpkin seed oils extracted from Cucurbita moschata Duch. Ex Poir. (PSO1) and Cucurbita moschata (Japanese pumpkin) (PSO2) by aqueous enzymatic extraction. An enzyme mixture consisting of pectinase, cellulase, and protease (1:1:1) was used in the enzymatic extraction process. Fatty acid composition of the oils was determined using fatty acid methyl ester/gas chromatographic-mass spectrometry. Antioxidant activity assays were measured by using stable free radical diphenylpicrylhydrazyl, radical cation 2,2′-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate, ferric reducing/antioxidant power, and ferric thiocyanate assay. Inhibition of enzymes involving skin aging and whitening process was investigated. Linoleic acid was a major component of all pumpkin seed oils. Additionally, there was also a significant amount of oleic acid, palmitic acid, and stearic acid detected. PSO2 possessed the highest antioxidant activities compared to PSO1 and commercial pumpkin seed oils (COM1 and COM2). Both PSO1 and PSO2 exhibited higher inhibitory effects on hyaluronidase, collagenase, and tyrosinase than the commercials. Therefore, aqueous enzymatic extraction could yield pumpkin seed oils with higher antioxidant, anti-aging, and whitening activities. This is beneficial for further pharmacological studies and can be used as a functional food for skin benefits.
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22
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Peng M, Lu D, Liu J, Jiang B, Chen J. Effect of Roasting on the Antioxidant Activity, Phenolic Composition, and Nutritional Quality of Pumpkin ( Cucurbita pepo L.) Seeds. Front Nutr 2021; 8:647354. [PMID: 33777995 PMCID: PMC7988230 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.647354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, with the increasing awareness of health concerns and environment protection needs, there is a growing interest for consumers to choose plant-based food diets compared with those made from animal origin. Pumpkin seed is an excellent dietary source for protein, oil, and some essential micronutrients. Raw pumpkin seed may have a compromised flavor, color, as well as digestibility. Therefore, the objective of present study is to study the influence of roasting (120, 160, and 200°C for 10 min) on the phenolics content, flavonoids content, antioxidant property, fatty acids, and volatile matter composition, as well as protein profile of pumpkin seeds. Our results indicated that, total phenolic compounds, total flavonoids content, as a consequence, total antioxidant capacity increased as the roasting temperature increased. Maillard reaction products and lipid peroxidation products were identified, especially from those pumpkin seeds roasted at high temperature. In the meantime, the composition and content of fatty acids did not change significantly after roasting. The results of electrophoresis and particle size analysis showed that the optimum roasting temperature was 160°C to obtain protein with better nutritional quality. The findings of this study may contribute to the utilization of pumpkin seed component in plant-based diets with increased nutritional quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyao Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Dan Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Jie Liu
- China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Nutrition and Health (Beijing), Beijing Technology and Business University (BTBU), Beijing, China
| | - Bo Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Jingjing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
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23
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Li Y, Zhang GN, Fang XP, Zhao C, Wu HY, Lan YX, Che L, Sun YK, Lv JY, Zhang YG, Pan CF. Effects of replacing soybean meal with pumpkin seed cake and dried distillers grains with solubles on milk performance and antioxidant functions in dairy cows. Animal 2021; 15:100004. [PMID: 33526406 DOI: 10.1016/j.animal.2020.100004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Pumpkin seed cake (PSC), a byproduct of pumpkin seed oil processing, is used in ruminant feed as a beneficial protein source. Experiments were conducted to evaluate PSC as a substitute for soybean meal in the diets of lactating cows based on performance, rumen fermentation, antioxidant function and nitrogen partitioning. Six multiparous lactating cows were used in a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square experiment with 27-day periods. The cows were randomly divided into three treatment groups: group (1) was fed a diet containing no PSC (0PSC), and groups (2) and (3) were fed diets in which soybean meal was replaced with PSC and dried distillers grains with solubles (DDGS) at levels of 50% (50PSC) and 100% (100PSC), respectively. The diets were isonitrogenous and contained identical roughage but different proportions of PSC and DDGS. Replacement of soybean meal with PSC and DDGS did not influence rumen degradation, milk performance, rumen fermentation, DM intake or apparent total tract digestibility, and nitrogen partitioning between milk, feces and urine did not differ in the animals fed the three diets. However, compared with a diet containing no PSC, the total antioxidant capacity (P < 0.05) and antioxidant enzymes (total superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and catalase) activities (P < 0.05) were increased in the animals that received the 50PSC and 100PSC diets. In contrast, addition of PSC significantly reduced concentrations of aspartate transaminase (P < 0.05), alkaline phosphatase (P < 0.05) and malondialdehyde (P < 0.05) in the plasma. These results demonstrate that PSC can be completely substituted for soybean meal in the diet of dairy cows without any negative impact on milk performance, rumen fermentation or apparent digestibility and that this dietary change improves antioxidant functions and blood parameters in dairy cows, indicating that PSC has the potential for use as a feed source for dairy cows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Li
- College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Northeast Agriculture University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - G N Zhang
- College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Northeast Agriculture University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - X P Fang
- College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Northeast Agriculture University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - C Zhao
- College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Northeast Agriculture University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - H Y Wu
- Jinlin City Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jilin 130033, PR China
| | - Y X Lan
- College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Northeast Agriculture University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - L Che
- College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Northeast Agriculture University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Y K Sun
- College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Northeast Agriculture University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - J Y Lv
- College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Northeast Agriculture University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Y G Zhang
- College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Northeast Agriculture University, Harbin 150030, PR China.
| | - C F Pan
- Heilongjiang Technical Appraisal Station of Agricultural Products, Veterinary Pharmaceuticals and Feed, Harbin 150036, PR China
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24
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Salehi B, Quispe C, Sharifi-Rad J, Giri L, Suyal R, Jugran AK, Zucca P, Rescigno A, Peddio S, Bobiş O, Moise AR, Leyva-Gómez G, Del Prado-Audelo ML, Cortes H, Iriti M, Martorell M, Cruz-Martins N, Kumar M, Zam W. Antioxidant potential of family Cucurbitaceae with special emphasis on Cucurbita genus: A key to alleviate oxidative stress-mediated disorders. Phytother Res 2021; 35:3533-3557. [PMID: 33590924 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is the imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and accumulation and the ability of a biological system to clear these reactive products. This imbalance leads to cell and tissue damage causing several disorders in human body, such as neurodegeneration, metabolic problems, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer. Cucurbitaceae family consists of about 100 genera and 1,000 species of plants including mostly tropical, annual or perennial, monoecious, and dioecious herbs. The plants from Cucurbita species are rich sources of phytochemicals and act as a rich source of antioxidants. The most important phytochemicals present in the cucurbits are cucurbitacins, saponins, carotenoids, phytosterols, and polyphenols. These bioactive phyto-constituents are responsible for the pharmacological effects including antioxidant, antitumor, antidiabetic, hepatoprotective, antimicrobial, anti-obesity, diuretic, anti-ulcer activity, and antigenotoxic. A wide number of in vitro and in vivo studies have ascribed these health-promoting effects of Cucurbita genus. Results of clinical trials suggest that Cucurbita provides health benefits for diabetic patients, patients with benign prostate hyperplasia, infertile women, postmenopausal women, and stress urinary incontinence in women. The intend of the present review is to focus on the protective role of Cucurbita spp. phytochemicals on oxidative stress-related disorders on the basis of preclinical and human studies. The review will also give insights on the in vitro and in vivo antioxidant potential of the Cucurbitaceae family as a whole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahare Salehi
- Medical Ethics and Law Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Cristina Quispe
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Arturo Prat, Iquique, Chile
| | - Javad Sharifi-Rad
- Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Facultad de Medicina, Universidad del Azuay, Cuenca, Ecuador
| | - Lalit Giri
- G.B. Pant National Institute of Himalayan Environment & Sustainable Development, Almora, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Renu Suyal
- G.B. Pant National Institute of Himalayan Environment & Sustainable Development, Almora, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Arun K Jugran
- G.B. Pant National Institute of Himalayan Environment & Sustainable Development, Srinagar, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Paolo Zucca
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari - Cagliari, University Campus, Monserrato, Italy
| | - Antonio Rescigno
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari - Cagliari, University Campus, Monserrato, Italy
| | - Stefania Peddio
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari - Cagliari, University Campus, Monserrato, Italy
| | - Otilia Bobiş
- Life Science Institute, Apiculture and Sericulture Department, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Adela Ramona Moise
- Life Science Institute, Apiculture and Sericulture Department, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Gerardo Leyva-Gómez
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - María L Del Prado-Audelo
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Hernán Cortes
- Laboratorio de Medicina Genómica, Departamento de Genética, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Marcello Iriti
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Milan State University, Milan, Italy
| | - Miquel Martorell
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Pharmacy, and Centre for Healthy Living, University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile.,Universidad de Concepción, Unidad de Desarrollo Tecnológico, UDT, Concepción, Chile
| | - Natália Cruz-Martins
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Professor Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal.,Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Laboratory of Neuropsychophysiology, Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Manoj Kumar
- Chemical and Biochemical Processing Division, ICAR - Central Institute for Research on Cotton Technology, Mumbai, India
| | - Wissam Zam
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Al-Wadi International University, Homs, Syria
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25
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Babiker EE, Özcan MM, Ghafoor K, Juhaimi FA, Ahmed IAM, Almusallam IA. Bioactive compounds, nutritional and sensory properties of cookies prepared with wheat and tigernut flour. Food Chem 2021; 349:129155. [PMID: 33548883 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.129155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate cookies made with wheat (0%, 80%, 60%, and 50%) and tigernut flour (0%, 20%, 40%, and 50%) from two different sources. Standard methods were applied to determine the chemical properties, phenolic component, fatty acid composition, mineral content, and sensory properties of cookies. Tigernut flour from both sources was rich in oil, and total and individual phenolics, but with low antioxidant activity compared to wheat flour. The addition of tigernut flour to wheat resulted in increase of the content of bioactive compounds, minerals, and fatty acid contents of cookies. The cookies produced by formulating wheat with tigernut had a comparable organoleptic quality scores to wheat flour cookies. The production of cookies with both wheat and tigernut flour showed that this mixture is an interesting opportunity to have a functional product rich in bioactive compounds and considered satisfactory by consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elfadıl E Babiker
- Department of Food Science & Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mehmet Musa Özcan
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Selcuk University, 42031 Konya, Turkey
| | - Kashif Ghafoor
- Department of Food Science & Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad Al Juhaimi
- Department of Food Science & Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Isam A Mohamed Ahmed
- Department of Food Science & Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim A Almusallam
- Department of Food Science & Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Çalışkan Koç G, Tekgül Y, Çoban S. Physicochemical properties, fatty acid composition, cooking quality, and sensory evaluation of pasta enriched with different oleiferous powders. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-020-00540-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Kapoor N, Ghorai SM, Kushwaha PK, Shukla R, Aggarwal C, Bandichhor R. Plausible mechanisms explaining the role of cucurbitacins as potential therapeutic drugs against coronavirus 2019. INFORMATICS IN MEDICINE UNLOCKED 2020; 21:100484. [PMID: 33251326 PMCID: PMC7685940 DOI: 10.1016/j.imu.2020.100484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In the year 2019, the potent zoonotic virus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) began to rage globally, which resulted in the World Health Organization (WHO) declaring it as a pandemic on March 11th, 2020. Although extensive research is currently ongoing worldwide to understand the molecular mechanism and disease pathogenicity of SARS-CoV-2, there are still many nuances to elucidate. Therefore, developing an appropriate vaccine or therapeutic drug to combat coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) is exceedingly challenging. Such scenarios require multifaceted approaches to identify suitable contenders for drugs against COVID-19. In this context, investigating natural compounds found in food, spices, and beverages can lead to the discovery of lead molecules that could be repurposed to treat COVID-19. Sixteen cucurbitacin analogues were investigated for activity against the SARS-CoV-2 main protease protein (Mpro), angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) binding receptor, nonstructural protein 12 (NSP12) RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), NSP13 helicase, and Janus kinase 2 (JAK2)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) pathway using several relevant tools and simulated screening methods. All key proteins were found to bind efficiently only with cucurbitacin G 2-glucoside and cucurbitacin H with the lowest global energy. Further, the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) of all the cucurbitacins were analysed to explore their drug profiles. Cucurbitacin G 2-glucoside and H showed the best hits and all the analogues showed no adverse properties that would diminish their drug-likeness abilities. The encouraging results of the current study may lay the foundation for future research and development of effective measures and preventive medications against SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Kapoor
- Department of Chemistry, Hindu College, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Soma Mondal Ghorai
- Department of Zoology, Hindu College, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Prem Kumar Kushwaha
- Department of Chemistry, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, 835215, India
| | - Richa Shukla
- Department of Applied Science, Indian Institute of Information Technology, Allahabad, 211015, India
| | - Charu Aggarwal
- Department of Zoology, Hindu College, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Rakeshwar Bandichhor
- Integrated Product Development, Innovation Plaza, Dr. Reddy's Laboratories Ltd, Bachupally, Qutubullapur, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500090, India
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M. C. Almeida I, Oliva-Teles MT, C. Alves R, Santos J, S. Pinho R, I. Silva S, Delerue-Matos C, P. P. Oliveira MB. Oilseeds from A Brazilian Semi-Arid Region: Edible Potential Regarding the Mineral Composition. Foods 2020; 9:foods9020229. [PMID: 32098074 PMCID: PMC7074449 DOI: 10.3390/foods9020229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Oilseeds from five native plant species with edible potential from the Brazilian Caatinga semi-arid region (Diplopterys pubipetala, Barnebya harleyi, Croton adamantinus, Hippocratea volubilis, and Couroupita guianensis) were investigated regarding their mineral contents. The minerals, Na, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Cu, Cr, Al, were analyzed by high-resolution continuum source atomic absorption spectrometry (HR–CS AAS) and P by the vanadomolybdophosphoric acid colorimetric method. K, Mg, and P were the main elements found (1.62–3.7 mg/g, 362–586 µg/g, and 224–499 µg/g dry weight (dw), respectively). B. harley seeds contained the highest amounts of K and P, while C. guianensis seeds were the richest in Mg. Fe was the most abundant oligoelement (2.3–25.6 µg/g dw). Cr contents were below the limit of quantification for all samples and Al amounts were low: 0.04–1.80 µg/g dw. A linear discriminant analysis clearly differentiated B. harleyi and C. guianensis samples from the remaining ones. In sum, these oilseeds from the Brazilian Caatinga semi-arid region seem to have the potential to be used as natural sources of minerals, mainly K.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivone M. C. Almeida
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050–313 Porto, Portugal; (I.M.C.A.); (R.C.A.); (J.S.)
| | - M. Teresa Oliva-Teles
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 431, 4200–072 Porto, Portugal; (M.T.O.-T.); (C.D.-M.)
| | - Rita C. Alves
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050–313 Porto, Portugal; (I.M.C.A.); (R.C.A.); (J.S.)
| | - Joana Santos
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050–313 Porto, Portugal; (I.M.C.A.); (R.C.A.); (J.S.)
| | - Roberta S. Pinho
- Laboratório de Recursos Econômicos e Fitoquímica, Departamento de Biologia, Área de Botânica, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Av. Dom Manoel de Medeiros s/n, Dois Irmãos, CEP, Recife-PE 52171–900, Brazil; (R.S.P.); (S.I.S.)
| | - Suzene I. Silva
- Laboratório de Recursos Econômicos e Fitoquímica, Departamento de Biologia, Área de Botânica, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Av. Dom Manoel de Medeiros s/n, Dois Irmãos, CEP, Recife-PE 52171–900, Brazil; (R.S.P.); (S.I.S.)
| | - Cristina Delerue-Matos
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 431, 4200–072 Porto, Portugal; (M.T.O.-T.); (C.D.-M.)
| | - M. Beatriz P. P. Oliveira
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050–313 Porto, Portugal; (I.M.C.A.); (R.C.A.); (J.S.)
- Correspondence:
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Abstract
A wide variety of plant species provide edible seeds. Seeds are the dominant source of human calories and protein. The most important and popular seed food sources are cereals, followed by legumes and nuts. Their nutritional content of fiber, protein, and monounsaturated/polyunsaturated fats make them extremely nutritious. They are important additions to our daily food consumption. When consumed as part of a healthy diet, seeds can help reduce blood sugar, cholesterol, and blood pressure.
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Amin MZ, Islam T, Uddin MR, Uddin MJ, Rahman MM, Satter MA. Comparative study on nutrient contents in the different parts of indigenous and hybrid varieties of pumpkin ( Cucurbita maxima Linn .). Heliyon 2019; 5:e02462. [PMID: 31687561 PMCID: PMC6819838 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2019] [Revised: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Two varieties (indigenous and hybrid) of pumpkin (Cucurbita maxima) are cultivated and widely used as food sources in Bangladesh. The aim of this study is to compare nutrient contents in different parts of two varieties of pumpkin. The nutritional compositions were analyzed by standard methods. Fatty acids and amino acids were analyzed by GC/MS and amino acid analyzer. The proximate compositions analysis data indicate that a higher amount of moisture (p < 0.001) and fat (p < 0.01) were observed in the seed of indigenous but the seed of hybrid were rich in crude fiber (p < 0.01) and carbohydrate (p < 0.001). On the contrary carbohydrate content was predominant in the flesh (p < 0.05) and peel (p < 0.01) of indigenous. The energy content was high in the peel, seed and flesh of indigenous (p < 0.001, 0.001 and 0.05 respectively). A significant amount of reducing sugar was found in the peel, flesh (p < 0.05) and seed (p < 0.001) of hybrid. Vitamin C content was high in peel (p < 0.001) and seed (p < 0.01) of indigenous and only in the flesh (p < 0.001) of the hybrid. A remarkable amount of Na, K, Fe and Zn were present in peel (p < 0.001) of hybrid. The notable amount of P and Cu (p < 0.01) were present in the seed and K, Fe and Ca (p < 0.001) were in the flesh of indigenous. The seed of hybrid was enriched with saturated fatty acid (capric acid, p < 0.001; myristic acid, p < 0.01 and stearic acid, p < 0.05), whereas unsaturated fatty acids (oleic, linoleic and linolenic acid, p < 0.05) were rich in the seed of indigenous. A significant amount of threonine, serine, methionine, isoleucine and tyrosine were present in the seed of indigenous (p < 0.01) but only alanine in the seed of hybrid (p < 0.01). These results suggested that a considerable amount of nutrients were present in all three parts of the two varieties, thus both varieties could be the potential source of nutraceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Ziaul Amin
- Dept. of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, 7408, Bangladesh
- Corresponding author.
| | - Tahera Islam
- Dept. of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, 7408, Bangladesh
| | - M. Rasel Uddin
- Dept. of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, 7408, Bangladesh
| | - M. Jashim Uddin
- Dept. of Pharmacy, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, 7408, Bangladesh
| | - M. Mashiar Rahman
- Dept. of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, 7408, Bangladesh
| | - M. Abdus Satter
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, BCSIR, Dhanmondhi, Dhaka, 1205, Bangladesh
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The Profile of Secondary Metabolites and Other Bioactive Compounds in Cucurbita pepo L. and Cucurbita moschata Pumpkin Cultivars. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24162945. [PMID: 31416184 PMCID: PMC6719207 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24162945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2019] [Revised: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Plants and animals are sources of various bioactive compounds that exhibit a broad spectrum of health-promoting effects. Scientists continue studies on the chemical composition of many products in search of foods with high nutritional value. The pumpkin (Cucurbita sp.) is unquestionably a source of valuable nutrients. This vegetable is well-known all over the world and it is appreciated due to its high content of carotenoids, but it is still not much used in the processing industry. The aim of present study was to compare the flesh of 15 pumpkin varieties belonging to the Cucurbita pepo and C. moschata species in terms of the bioactive compound content (carotenoids, phenolic acids, flavonols, minerals and vitamins) and to demonstrate whether the variety has an effect on the chemical composition. To date, no such extensive research has been carried out in this area. The research revealed that the pumpkin pulp had high content of carotenoids. In nearly all cases lutein was the most abundant carotenoid. Numerous phenolic acids and flavonols were also identified. All the cultivars contained gallic acid, protocatechuic acid, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, vanillic acid, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, and rutin. The pumpkin pulp also contained alpha- and gamma-tocopherol. No beta- or delta-tocopherol was found. Potassium, calcium, and sodium were the most abundant minerals. The research also proved that the profile of bioactive compounds in the pumpkin pulp was considerably diversified and depended on the species and cultivar
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Cucurbits Plants: A Key Emphasis to Its Pharmacological Potential. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24101854. [PMID: 31091784 PMCID: PMC6572650 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24101854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Revised: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Cucurbita genus has received a renowned interest in the last years. This plant species, native to the Americas, has served worldwide folk medicine for treating gastrointestinal diseases and intestinal parasites, among other clinical conditions. These pharmacological effects have been increasingly correlated with their nutritional and phytochemical composition. Among those chemical constituents, carotenoids, tocopherols, phenols, terpenoids, saponins, sterols, fatty acids, and functional carbohydrates and polysaccharides are those occurring in higher abundance. However, more recently, a huge interest in a class of triterpenoids, cucurbitacins, has been stated, given its renowned biological attributes. In this sense, the present review aims to provide a detailed overview to the folk medicinal uses of Cucurbita plants, and even an in-depth insight on the latest advances with regards to its antimicrobial, antioxidant and anticancer effects. A special emphasis was also given to its clinical effectiveness in humans, specifically in blood glucose levels control in diabetic patients and pharmacotherapeutic effects in low urinary tract diseases.
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Martinec N, Balbino S, Dobša J, Šimunić‐Mežnarić V, Legen S. Macro- and microelements in pumpkin seed oils: Effect of processing, crop season, and country of origin. Food Sci Nutr 2019; 7:1634-1644. [PMID: 31139376 PMCID: PMC6526651 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Macro- and microelements in the samples of virgin and cold pressed pumpkin seed oils produced in Croatia through two consecutive crop seasons were determined by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES). Croatian oils were also compared to oils from Slovenia and Austria in order to assess differences in the element content. Magnesium, potassium, calcium, sodium, selenium, and iron were the dominant elements in all pumpkin seed oils. Their amounts together with barium, strontium, manganese, copper were up to ninefold higher (p ≤ 0.05) in virgin compared to cold pressed pumpkin seed oils. These differences occur due to the different processing conditions which include salt addition, heat treatment, and higher degree of equipment ware out during virgin pumpkin seed oil production. As the sodium level increases with the addition of salt, virgin pumpkin seed oil could be considered its hidden source and producers should pay attention to the amount added. Contents of cobalt, copper, selenium, and thallium significantly differed (p ≤ 0.05) between the two crop seasons. Principal component analysis revealed clear differences between samples with different origin that can be explained by the specifics in the production processes of each country. In comparison with Austrian and Slovenian, Croatian pumpkin seed oils had significantly lower contents of sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, and tin while bismuth and selenium were higher.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sandra Balbino
- Faculty of Food Technology and BiotechnologyUniversity of ZagrebZagrebCroatia
| | - Jasminka Dobša
- Faculty of Organization and InformaticsUniversity of ZagrebVaraždinCroatia
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Kirnak H, Irik HA, Sipahioglu O, Unlukara A. Variations in oil, protein, fatty acids and vitamin E contents of pumpkin seeds under deficit irrigation. GRASAS Y ACEITES 2019. [DOI: 10.3989/gya.0692181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, pumpkin (Cucurbita Pepo L.) was grown under water stress to determine its effects on the chemical composition of the seeds (i.e., oil, protein, fatty acids and vitamin E), in Kayseri, Turkey. Irrigation treatments were designed to supply different portions of depleted moisture within the efficient root zone of the plants (60 cm). The treatments were arranged as supplying 100% (I100), 80% (I80), 60% (I60), 40% (I40), 20% (I20) and 0% (I0) of depleted moisture through a drip irrigation system. The effects of irrigation levels on the oil content of pumpkin seeds were found to be significant (p < 0.01). The oil contents of irrigation treatments varied between 26% (I0, dry) and 64% (I100, full irrigation). However, the effects of deficit irrigation on protein, fatty acids and vitamin E contents were not found to be significant. The vitamin E contents varied from 41.6 – 55.3 mg/100 g; while the protein contents varied from 28.5–37.7%. Six different fatty acids (linolenic, linoleic, oleic, stearic, palmitic and myristic acid) were examined. The average concentration of palmitic, stearic, oleic and linoleic acids ranged from 10.7–12.6%, 6.4–10.4%, 39.6–48.9% and 32.4–35%, respectively. Myristic and linolenic acids were not detected in the pumpkin seeds.
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Tumwine G, Atukwase A, Tumuhimbise GA, Tucungwirwe F, Linnemann A. Production of nutrient-enhanced millet-based composite flour using skimmed milk powder and vegetables. Food Sci Nutr 2019; 7:22-34. [PMID: 30680156 PMCID: PMC6341147 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Revised: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to develop a nutrient-enhanced millet-based composite flour incorporating skimmed milk powder and vegetables for children aged 6-59 months. Two processing methods were tested to optimize nutrient content and quality of millet-based composite flour, namely germination for 0, 24 and 48 hr and roasting at 80, 100, and 140°C. The amount of ingredients in the formulation was determined using Nutri-survey software. Germinating millet grains for 48 hr at room temperature significantly (p < 0.05) increased protein content (9.3%-10.6%), protein digestibility (22.3%-65.5%), and total sugars (2.2%-5.5%), while phytate content (3.9-3.7 mg/g) decreased significantly (p < 0.05). Roasting millet grains at 140°C significantly (p < 0.05) increased the protein digestibility (22.3%-60.1%) and reduced protein (9.3%-7.8%), phytate (3.9-3.6 mg/g), and total sugar content (2.2%-1.9%). Germinating millet grains at room temperature for 48 hr resulted in millet flour with the best nutritional quality and was adopted for the production of millet-based composite flour. Addition of vegetables and skimmed milk powder to germinated millet flour significantly (p < 0.05) increased the macro- and micronutrient contents and the functional properties of millet-based composite flour. The study demonstrated that the use of skimmed milk powder and vegetables greatly improves the protein quality and micronutrient profile of millet-based complementary foods. The product has the potential to make a significant contribution to the improvement of nutrition of children in developing countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerald Tumwine
- School of Food Technology, Nutrition and BioengineeringCollege of Agricultural and Environmental SciencesMakerere UniversityKampalaUganda
| | - Abel Atukwase
- School of Food Technology, Nutrition and BioengineeringCollege of Agricultural and Environmental SciencesMakerere UniversityKampalaUganda
| | - Gaston A. Tumuhimbise
- School of Food Technology, Nutrition and BioengineeringCollege of Agricultural and Environmental SciencesMakerere UniversityKampalaUganda
| | | | - Anita Linnemann
- Department of Agrotechnology and Food SciencesSubdivision of Food Quality and DesignWageningenThe Netherlands
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Adjepong M, Jain R, Pickens CA, Appaw W, Fenton JI. Quantification of fatty acid and mineral levels of selected seeds, nuts, and oils in Northern Ghana. JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2018; 55:4615-4622. [PMID: 30333658 PMCID: PMC6170362 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-018-3400-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to identify locally available foods that can be utilized by Northern Ghanaians to improve child growth status. An assortment of seeds, nuts and oils were collected from a local market, packaged in plastic containers, and shipped to the US for all analyses. Fatty acids (FAs) were extracted and derivatized to FA methyl esters prior to quantification by GC/MS. ANOVA were conducted on FA concentrations and Tukey's post hoc test was used to compare FA content. Food grade oils, particularly palm oil and shea butter, contained higher saturated and monounsaturated FAs than seeds or nuts. Soybean, was significantly higher in the essential omega-3 FA alpha-linolenic acid (2.98 mg/g), whereas neri seed (68.4 mg/g) and fermented dawadawa (seed; 56.3 mg/g) had significantly higher amounts of total polyunsaturated FAs than all other foods. Iron levels in soybean (353 mg/kg), neri (282 mg/kg) and fermented dawadawa (165 mg/kg) were also the highest of all foods. Together, these foods may be useful for future intervention to curb stunting and iron-deficiency anemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Adjepong
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, 208B G.M. Trout Bldg, East Lansing, MI 48824 USA
| | - Raghav Jain
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, 208B G.M. Trout Bldg, East Lansing, MI 48824 USA
| | - C. Austin Pickens
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, 208B G.M. Trout Bldg, East Lansing, MI 48824 USA
| | - William Appaw
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Jenifer I. Fenton
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, 208B G.M. Trout Bldg, East Lansing, MI 48824 USA
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Schistosomicidal, antifibrotic and antioxidant effects of Cucurbita pepo L. seed oil and praziquantel combined treatment for Schistosoma mansoni infection in a mouse model. J Helminthol 2018; 93:286-294. [DOI: 10.1017/s0022149x18000317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
AbstractDespite the seriousness of schistosomiasis, its treatment depends only on praziquantel (PZQ), which has begun to lose its efficacy against the emergent Schistosoma mansoni-resistant strains. Therefore, the discovery of a novel schistosomicidal drug is an urgent priority. This study was designed to evaluate treatment with Cucurbita pepo L. (pumpkin) seed oil (PSO) alone and combined with PZQ against S. mansoni in experimentally infected mice. The study involved five groups: GI was the normal control; GII was the infected control; GIII was treated with an oral dose of PZQ of 500 mg/kg/day for two successive days, starting in the sixth week post infection; GIV was treated with an oral dose of PSO of 50 mg/kg/day for four weeks, starting in the fourth week post infection; and GV was treated with combined PSO–PZQ. Worm burden, tissue egg load and oogram pattern were estimated, and the ultrastructure alterations were examined. Histopathological examination of granuloma diameters, collagen deposition (Picro Sirius red stain), and angiogenesis (immunohistochemical expression of CD34+) was conducted and serum liver enzymes were measured to assess the liver condition. Moreover, the oxidative stress was evaluated by determining the amounts of malondialdehyde and superoxide dismutase in liver homogenates. The results revealed significant changes in all the assessed parameters with PSO administration. However, PZQ was significantly more effective as an antiparasitic agent, whereas PSO was better in terms of fibrosis and oxidative stress. The most significant results were obtained in group V, which may be attributed to a synergy between PZQ and PSO, with antiparasitic, antioxidant and antifibrotic properties.
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Asgary S, Rastqar A, Keshvari M. Functional Food and Cardiovascular Disease Prevention and Treatment: A Review. J Am Coll Nutr 2018. [PMID: 29528772 DOI: 10.1080/07315724.2017.1410867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is now the leading cause of death globally and is a growing health concern. Lifestyle factors, including nutrition, play an important role in the etiology and treatment of CVD. Functional foods based on their basic nutritional functions can decrease the risk of many chronic diseases and have some physiological benefits. They contain physiologically active components either from plant or animal sources, marketed with the claim of their ability to reduce heart disease risk, focusing primarily on established risk factors, which are hyperlipidemia, diabetes, metabolic syndrome, obesity/overweight, elevated lipoprotein A level, small dense low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and elevated inflammatory marker levels. Functional foods are suspected to exert their cardioprotective effects mainly through blood lipid profile level and improve hypertension control, endothelial function, platelet aggregation, and antioxidant actions. Clinical and epidemiological observations indicate that vegetable and fruit fiber, nuts and seeds, sea foods, coffee, tea, and dark chocolate have cardioprotective potential in humans, as well whole-grain products containing intact grain kernels rich in fiber and trace nutrients. They are nutritionally more important because they contain phytoprotective substances that might work synergistically to reduce cardiovascular risk. This review will focus on the reciprocal interaction between functional foods and the potential link to cardiovascular health and the possible mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sedigheh Asgary
- a Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences , Isfahan , Iran
| | - Ali Rastqar
- b Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience , Université Laval, Québec , Québec , Canada.,c Research Center of University Affiliated Québec Mental Health Institute, Québec , Québec , Canada
| | - Mahtab Keshvari
- a Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences , Isfahan , Iran
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Ameliorative effect of pumpkin seed oil against emamectin induced toxicity in mice. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 98:242-251. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.12.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2017] [Revised: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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40
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Quantification of fatty acid and mineral levels of selected seeds, nuts, and oils in Ghana. J Food Compost Anal 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2017.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Silva DO, Seifert M, Nora FR, Bobrowski VL, Freitag RA, Kucera HR, Nora L, Gaikwad NW. Acute Toxicity and Cytotoxicity of Pereskia aculeata, a Highly Nutritious Cactaceae Plant. J Med Food 2017; 20:403-409. [PMID: 28355092 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2016.0133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Pereskia aculeata is a Cactaceae plant with valuable nutritional properties, including terrific amounts of protein, minerals, vitamins, and fiber. However, P. aculeata is reported to contain antinutrients and alkaloids in its leaves. In addition, in a study on growth and development, Wistar rats fed with P. aculeata and casein as protein source grew less than the control group (fed with casein only). Therefore, in this study, we evaluated, for the first time, the oral acute toxicity of P. aculeata in rats and also the cytotoxicity behavior of the plant on lettuce seeds. The acute toxicity research was carried out using dried P. aculeata ethanolic extract, in three different doses, administered by gavage to 24 female Wistar rats. The rats were then examined for signs of toxicity, food intake, body weight, and fecal excretion fluctuations, as well as histopathological alterations, using eight different body tissues. The acute toxicity study did not show any difference among the groups in either clinical evaluation or histopathological analyses. For the cytotoxicity study, dried P. aculeata ethanolic extract was applied on lettuce seeds in five different concentrations. These seeds were evaluated for germination, root and shoot length, and mitotic index. The results show that P. aculeata extract affects lettuce root and shoot growth, but not germination or mitotic index. In conclusion, the acute toxicity on rats and the cytogenotoxicity on lettuce of P. aculeata are neglectable, validating the potential of this plant to be used as a functional food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debora O Silva
- 1 Department of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Mauricio Seifert
- 1 Department of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Fabiana R Nora
- 1 Department of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Vera L Bobrowski
- 2 Department of Zoology and Genetics, Federal University of Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Rogerio A Freitag
- 3 Science Center of Chemistry, Pharmacology and Food, Federal University of Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Heidi R Kucera
- 4 Departments of Nutrition and Environmental Toxicology, University of California Davis , Davis, California, USA
| | - Leonardo Nora
- 1 Department of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Nilesh W Gaikwad
- 4 Departments of Nutrition and Environmental Toxicology, University of California Davis , Davis, California, USA
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Kumar V, Sharma A, Kaur R, Thukral AK, Bhardwaj R, Ahmad P. Differential distribution of amino acids in plants. Amino Acids 2017; 49:821-869. [PMID: 28299478 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-017-2401-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 02/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Plants are a rich source of amino acids and their individual abundance in plants is of great significance especially in terms of food. Therefore, it is of utmost necessity to create a database of the relative amino acid contents in plants as reported in literature. Since in most of the cases complete analysis of profiles of amino acids in plants was not reported, the units used and the methods applied and the plant parts used were different, amino acid contents were converted into relative units with respect to lysine for statistical analysis. The most abundant amino acids in plants are glutamic acid and aspartic acid. Pearson's correlation analysis among different amino acids showed that there were no negative correlations between the amino acids. Cluster analysis (CA) applied to relative amino acid contents of different families. Alismataceae, Cyperaceae, Capparaceae and Cactaceae families had close proximity with each other on the basis of their relative amino acid contents. First three components of principal component analysis (PCA) explained 79.5% of the total variance. Factor analysis (FA) explained four main underlying factors for amino acid analysis. Factor-1 accounted for 29.4% of the total variance and had maximum loadings on glycine, isoleucine, leucine, threonine and valine. Factor-2 explained 25.8% of the total variance and had maximum loadings on alanine, aspartic acid, serine and tyrosine. 14.2% of the total variance was explained by factor-3 and had maximum loadings on arginine and histidine. Factor-4 accounted 8.3% of the total variance and had maximum loading on the proline amino acid. The relative content of different amino acids presented in this paper is alanine (1.4), arginine (1.8), asparagine (0.7), aspartic acid (2.4), cysteine (0.5), glutamic acid (2.8), glutamine (0.6), glycine (1.0), histidine (0.5), isoleucine (0.9), leucine (1.7), lysine (1.0), methionine (0.4), phenylalanine (0.9), proline (1.1), serine (1.0), threonine (1.0), tryptophan (0.3), tyrosine (0.7) and valine (1.2).
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinod Kumar
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
- Department of Botany, DAV University, Sarmastpur, Jalandhar, India
| | - Anket Sharma
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Ravdeep Kaur
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Ashwani Kumar Thukral
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Renu Bhardwaj
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India.
| | - Parvaiz Ahmad
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
- Department of Botany, S.P. College, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, 190001, India.
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Felix M, Romero A, Rustad T, Guerrero A. Physicochemical, microstructure and bioactive characterization of gels made from crayfish protein. Food Hydrocoll 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2016.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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44
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Moreda-Piñeiro J, Herbello-Hermelo P, Domínguez-González R, Bermejo-Barrera P, Moreda-Piñeiro A. Bioavailability assessment of essential and toxic metals in edible nuts and seeds. Food Chem 2016; 205:146-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2015] [Revised: 02/05/2016] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Hernández-Santos B, Rodríguez-Miranda J, Herman-Lara E, Torruco-Uco JG, Carmona-García R, Juárez-Barrientos JM, Chávez-Zamudio R, Martínez-Sánchez CE. Effect of oil extraction assisted by ultrasound on the physicochemical properties and fatty acid profile of pumpkin seed oil (Cucurbita pepo). ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2016; 31:429-36. [PMID: 26964969 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2016.01.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2015] [Revised: 12/18/2015] [Accepted: 01/26/2016] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
The effects of amplitude and time of ultrasound-assisted extraction on the physicochemical properties and the fatty acid profile of pumpkin seed oil (Cucurbita pepo) were evaluated. Ultrasound time (5-30 min) and the response variables amplitude (25-100%), extraction yield, efficiency, oxidative stability in terms of the free fatty acids (FFA) of the plant design comprising two independent experiments variables, peroxide (PV), p-anisidine (AV), totox value (TV) and the fatty acid profile were evaluated. The results were analyzed by multiple linear regression. The time and amplitude showed significant differences (P<0.05) for all variables. The highest yield of extraction was achieved at 5 min and amplitude of 62.5% (62%). However, the optimal ultrasound-assisted extraction conditions were as follows: ultrasound time of 26.34 min and amplitude of 89.02%. All extracts showed low FFA (2.75-4.93% oleic acid), PV (1.67-4.68 meq/kg), AV (1.94-3.69) and TV (6.25-12.55) values. The main fatty acids in all the extracts were oleic and linoleic acid. Therefore, ultrasound-assisted oil extraction had increased performance and reduced extraction time without affecting the oil quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Betsabé Hernández-Santos
- Coordinación de Posgrado e Investigación, Instituto Tecnológico de Tuxtepec, Calz. Dr. Víctor Bravo Ahuja s/n, Col. 5 de Mayo, Tuxtepec, Oax., Mexico
| | - Jesús Rodríguez-Miranda
- Coordinación de Posgrado e Investigación, Instituto Tecnológico de Tuxtepec, Calz. Dr. Víctor Bravo Ahuja s/n, Col. 5 de Mayo, Tuxtepec, Oax., Mexico
| | - Erasmo Herman-Lara
- Coordinación de Posgrado e Investigación, Instituto Tecnológico de Tuxtepec, Calz. Dr. Víctor Bravo Ahuja s/n, Col. 5 de Mayo, Tuxtepec, Oax., Mexico
| | - Juan G Torruco-Uco
- Coordinación de Posgrado e Investigación, Instituto Tecnológico de Tuxtepec, Calz. Dr. Víctor Bravo Ahuja s/n, Col. 5 de Mayo, Tuxtepec, Oax., Mexico
| | - Roselis Carmona-García
- Coordinación de Posgrado e Investigación, Instituto Tecnológico de Tuxtepec, Calz. Dr. Víctor Bravo Ahuja s/n, Col. 5 de Mayo, Tuxtepec, Oax., Mexico
| | - José M Juárez-Barrientos
- Coordinación de Posgrado e Investigación, Instituto Tecnológico de Tuxtepec, Calz. Dr. Víctor Bravo Ahuja s/n, Col. 5 de Mayo, Tuxtepec, Oax., Mexico
| | - Rubí Chávez-Zamudio
- UNIDA-Instituto Tecnológico de Veracruz, Miguel Ángel de Quevedo s/n, Col. Formando Hogar, 91860 Veracruz, Veracruz, Mexico
| | - Cecilia E Martínez-Sánchez
- Coordinación de Posgrado e Investigación, Instituto Tecnológico de Tuxtepec, Calz. Dr. Víctor Bravo Ahuja s/n, Col. 5 de Mayo, Tuxtepec, Oax., Mexico.
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Jumbe TJ, Pickens CA, Valentini K, Adjepong M, Li W, Kinabo JL, Fenton JI. Evaluation of fatty acid and mineral content of Tanzanian seeds and oils. J Food Compost Anal 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2016.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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47
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Siano F, Straccia MC, Paolucci M, Fasulo G, Boscaino F, Volpe MG. Physico-chemical properties and fatty acid composition of pomegranate, cherry and pumpkin seed oils. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2016; 96:1730-1735. [PMID: 26033409 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.7279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2014] [Revised: 05/14/2015] [Accepted: 05/27/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nut and seed oils are often considered waste products but in recent years they have been receiving growing interest due to their high concentration of hydrophilic and lipophilic bioactive components, which have important pharmacological properties on human health. The aim of this work was to compare the physico-chemical and biochemical properties of pomegranate (Punicagranatum), sweet cherry (Prunusavium) and pumpkin (Cucurbita maxima) seed oils obtained by solvent extraction. RESULTS High amount of linoleic acid was found in the cherry and pumpkin seed oils, while pomegranate seed oil showed relevant content of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) along to eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and nervonic acid. Pumpkin seed oil had high concentration of carotenoids, while pomegranate oil was the best absorber in the UV-A and UV-B ranges. CONCLUSION Pomegranate, cherry and pumpkin seed oils can be an excellent source of bioactive molecules and antioxidant compounds such as polyphenols, carotenoids and unsaturated fatty acids. These seed oils can be included both as preservatives and functional ingredients in the food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic fields and can contribute to disease prevention and health promotion. Moreover, high absorbance of UV light indicates a potential use of these oils as filters from radiations in the food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Siano
- Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council, Via Roma, 64 - 83100, Avellino, Italy
| | - Maria C Straccia
- Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, National Research Council, Via Campi Flegrei, 34 - 80078, Pozzuoli, (Na), Italy
| | - Marina Paolucci
- Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council, Via Roma, 64 - 83100, Avellino, Italy
- Department of Science and Technologies, University of Sannio, Via Port'Arsa, 11 - 82100, Benevento, Italy
| | - Gabriella Fasulo
- Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council, Via Roma, 64 - 83100, Avellino, Italy
| | - Floriana Boscaino
- Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council, Via Roma, 64 - 83100, Avellino, Italy
| | - Maria G Volpe
- Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council, Via Roma, 64 - 83100, Avellino, Italy
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Pittaway JK, Chuang LT, Ahuja KDK, Beckett JM, Glew RH, Ball MJ. Omega-3 dietary Fatty Acid status of healthy older adults in Tasmania, Australia: an observational study. J Nutr Health Aging 2015; 19:505-10. [PMID: 25923478 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-015-0459-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine the dietary and supplement intake of omega-3 (n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) of older Tasmanian adults; their plasma n-3 PUFA status and the relationship between n-3 PUFA intake and plasma status. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING Launceston and surrounding regions, Tasmania, Australia. PARTICIPANTS Seventy-three community-dwelling older adults: 23 men aged 70 ± 6.1 years and 50 women aged 70 ± 6.7 years. MEASUREMENTS A validated, semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire estimated dietary PUFA intake. The plasma phospholipid fraction of venous blood samples was analysed for fatty acid content. Anthropometric data was recorded. RESULTS Thirty-five participants (48%) regularly ingested a fish oil supplement. Their plasma n-3 PUFA profile contained significantly more eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) (odds ratio 3.14; 95% CI 1.37% to 7.30%; p<0.05) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) (odds ratio 2.64; 95% CI 1.16% to 6.01%; p<0.05) than non-supplement users. Fish and meat were the main dietary sources of n-3 PUFAs. Participants most commonly consumed fish 3-4 times per week. Significant associations of dietary α-linolenic acid (ALA), EPA, docosapentaenoic acid (DPA) and DHA with plasma n-3 PUFAs were noted but not always between dietary and plasma counterparts. CONCLUSION Without the use of fish oil supplements, most study participants were unable to meet the recommended daily intake of 0.5g EPA and DHA combined; however, the plasma n-3 PUFA profile of non-supplement-users was still robust compared to other Australian and overseas studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- J K Pittaway
- Jane Pittaway, School of Health Sciences, University of Tasmania, Locked Bag 1322, Launceston, Tasmania 7250, Australia, Tel (+61) 3 63245495; Fax (+61) 3 63243658;
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Raihana ARN, Marikkar J, Amin I, Shuhaimi M. A Review on Food Values of Selected Tropical Fruits’ Seeds. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD PROPERTIES 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/10942912.2014.980946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Bado S, Bazongo P, Son G, Kyaw MT, Forster BP, Nielen S, Lykke AM, Ouédraogo A, Bassolé IHN. Physicochemical Characteristics and Composition of Three Morphotypes of Cyperus esculentus Tubers and Tuber Oils. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL METHODS IN CHEMISTRY 2015; 2015:673547. [PMID: 26539305 PMCID: PMC4619938 DOI: 10.1155/2015/673547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2014] [Revised: 04/09/2015] [Accepted: 04/23/2015] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Tuber characteristics and nutrient composition of three morphotypes of Cyperus esculentus tubers and tuber oils were determined. The mean value for length and width of the tuber and one thousand dried tuber weights ranged from 0.98 to 1.31 cm, 0.90 to 1.19 cm, and 598 to 1044 g, respectively. Tubers displayed high level of starch (30.54-33.21 g 100 g(-1)), lipid (24.91-28.94 g 100 g(-1)), and sucrose (17.98-20.39 g 100 g(-1)). The yellow tubers had significantly higher content in lipid compared to black ones. Levels of ascorbic acid, tocopherol, and β-carotene of the three morphotypes differed significantly. Yellow ones (morphotypes 1 and 2) were the richest in tocopherol and the poorest in β-carotene. Saturated fatty acid content of morphotype 2 was significantly lower than that of morphotypes 1 and 3. Morphotype 3 had the significantly lowest PUFA content compared to morphotypes 1 and 2. Morphotype 1 was found to be richer in Ca, Cu, and Mn contents. Al, Mg, P, S, and Si were most abundant in morphotype 2. Morphotype 3 had the highest content of Cl, K, and Zn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Souleymane Bado
- Plant Breeding and Genetics Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna International Centre, P.O. Box 100, 1400 Vienna, Austria
| | - Patrice Bazongo
- Life and Earth Sciences Training and Research Unit, University of Ouagadougou, 03 BP 7021, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | - Gouyahali Son
- Département Mécanisation, Institut de Recherche en Sciences Appliquées et Technologies, 03 BP 7047, Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso
| | - Moe Thida Kyaw
- Department of Medical Research (Lower Myanmar), No. 5 Ziwaka Road, Dagon Township, Yangon 11191, Myanmar
| | - Brian Peter Forster
- Plant Breeding and Genetics Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna International Centre, P.O. Box 100, 1400 Vienna, Austria
| | - Stephan Nielen
- Plant Breeding and Genetics Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna International Centre, P.O. Box 100, 1400 Vienna, Austria
| | - Anne Mette Lykke
- Department of Biosciences, Aarhus University, Vejlsoevej 25, 8600 Silkeborg, Denmark
| | - Amadé Ouédraogo
- Life and Earth Sciences Training and Research Unit, University of Ouagadougou, 03 BP 7021, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | - Imaël Henri Nestor Bassolé
- Life and Earth Sciences Training and Research Unit, University of Ouagadougou, 03 BP 7021, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
- *Imaël Henri Nestor Bassolé:
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