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Clark ELM, Gutierrez-Colina A, Ruzicka EB, Sanchez N, Bristol M, Gulley LD, Broussard JL, Kelsey MM, Simon SL, Shomaker LB. Racial and ethnic sleep health disparities in adolescents and risk for type 2 diabetes: a narrative review. Ann Med 2024; 56:2399756. [PMID: 39253865 PMCID: PMC11389628 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2024.2399756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/11/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Sleep is an essential factor for health and wellbeing in people across the age spectrum; yet many adolescents do not meet the recommended 8-10 h of nightly sleep. Unfortunately, habitually insufficient sleep, along with the metabolic changes of puberty, puts adolescents at increased risk for a host of adverse health outcomes such as obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Furthermore, individuals from historically minoritized racial and ethnic groups (e.g. Hispanic/Latinx, African American/Black) are more likely to experience shorter sleep duration compared to adolescents of White/European origin, placing them at even greater risk for disparities in T2D risk. METHODS We conducted a literature review on the role of race and ethnicity in adolescent sleep health and its relation to cardiometabolic outcomes, specifically T2D. We use the minority stress model and the stress and coping theory as guiding theoretical frameworks to examine individual and societal level factors that may contribute to sleep health disparities and their downstream effects on T2D risk. RESULTS This review highlights that the unique race-related stressors adolescents from minoritized groups face may play a role in the sleep and T2D connection on a biological, psychological, and social level. However, although there has been advancement in the current research on adolescent racial and ethnic sleep health disparities in relation to T2D, mechanisms underlying these disparities in sleep health need further investigation. Addressing these gaps is crucial for identifying and mitigating sleep health disparities and T2D among racial and ethnic minority youth. CONCLUSION We conclude with a discussion of the implications and future research directions of racial and ethnic disparities in sleep health and T2D prevention research. A comprehensive understanding of adolescent sleep health disparities has potential to better inform preventative and educational programs, interventions, and policies that promote sleep health equity and improve cardiometabolic outcomes like T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma L M Clark
- Human Development & Family Studies, College of Health & Human Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Ana Gutierrez-Colina
- Human Development & Family Studies, College of Health & Human Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
- Pediatric Endocrinology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus and Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Elizabeth B Ruzicka
- Human Development & Family Studies, College of Health & Human Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
- Pediatric Endocrinology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus and Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Natalia Sanchez
- Human Development & Family Studies, College of Health & Human Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
- Community & Behavioral Health, Epidemiology, and Global Health & Health Disparities, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Madison Bristol
- Human Development & Family Studies, College of Health & Human Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
- Pediatric Endocrinology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus and Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
- Community & Behavioral Health, Epidemiology, and Global Health & Health Disparities, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Lauren D Gulley
- Human Development & Family Studies, College of Health & Human Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
- Pediatric Endocrinology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus and Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Josiane L Broussard
- Health & Exercise Science, College of Health & Human Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
- Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Megan M Kelsey
- Pediatric Endocrinology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus and Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Stacey L Simon
- Pediatric Endocrinology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus and Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
- Pulmonology and Sleep Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus and Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Lauren B Shomaker
- Human Development & Family Studies, College of Health & Human Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
- Pediatric Endocrinology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus and Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
- Community & Behavioral Health, Epidemiology, and Global Health & Health Disparities, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, CO, USA
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Elmoursi A, Zhou B, Ong MS, Hong JS, Pak A, Tandon M, Sutherland N, DiGiacomo DV, Farmer JR, Barmettler S. A Cross-Sectional Study of Health-Related Quality of Life in Patients with Predominantly Antibody Deficiency. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-4612913. [PMID: 39070620 PMCID: PMC11276022 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4612913/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) measures individual well-being across physical, psychological, and social domains. Patients with predominantly antibody deficiency (PAD) are at risk for morbidity and mortality, however, the effect of these complications on HRQoL requires additional study. Patients with PAD were asked to voluntarily complete the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) HRQoL-14 Healthy Days Measure questionnaire. These results were compared to data from the CDC-initiated Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS), a cross-sectional questionnaire including questions from CDC-HRQOL-14. Statistical analyses included two-proportion Z-test, t-tests, and analysis of variance. 83 patients with PAD completed the survey. Patients were sub-stratified into mild (23.7%), moderate (35.5%), severe (40.8%), and secondary (8.4%) PAD. "Fair or poor" health status was reported in 52.6% of PAD patients. Mental health challenges ≥ 14 days/month occurred in 25% of patients. Physical health issues ≥ 14 days/month was reported in 44.7% of patients. Activity limitations were noted by 80.3% of patients. There were no statistically significant differences by PAD severity. Patients with autoinflammatory disease co-morbidities reported more mental health challenges compared to those without (78% vs. 54.3%, p = 0.02). Compared to the CDC-BRFSS data, significantly more patients with PAD reported "fair or poor" health status (53% vs 12.0%; p < 0.0001), mental health challenges (24.1% vs 14.7%; p = 0.02), and poor physical health (44.6% vs 8.0%; p < 0.0001). Patients with PAD had significantly reduced HRQoL compared to CDC-BRFSS respondents from a similar geographical region. Decreased HRQoL was prevalent across all PAD severity levels. Additional research is needed to improve HRQoL for patients with PAD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mei-Sing Ong
- Harvard Medical School, Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute
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Varni JW, Zebracki K, Hwang M, Mulcahey M, Vogel LC. Pain, pain interference, social and school/work functioning in youth with spinal cord injury: A mediation analysis. J Spinal Cord Med 2024; 47:504-510. [PMID: 36149340 PMCID: PMC11218589 DOI: 10.1080/10790268.2022.2120232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT/OBJECTIVE The objective of the present study was to investigate the effects of pain severity, pain interference and social functioning in a serial multiple mediator model predicting school/work functioning in youth with spinal cord injury (SCI) from their perspective. DESIGN Explanatory or mechanistic study. SETTING Pediatric specialty hospital. PARTICIPANTS 125 youth with SCI ages 8-24. OUTCOME MEASURES The Pain Severity Item and Pain Interference Scale from the PedsQL™ Spinal Cord Injury Module, and the Social Functioning and School/Work Functioning Scales from the PedsQL™ 4.0 Generic Core Scales Short Form SF15 were completed. RESULTS Hierarchical multiple regression and serial multiple mediator model analyses were conducted to test the percent variability accounted for and the mediating effects of pain interference and social functioning in the association between pain severity and school/work functioning. Pain predictive effects on school/work functioning were serially mediated by pain interference and social functioning. In a predictive analytics model conducted with hierarchical multiple regression analysis, age, sex, pain, pain interference and social functioning accounted for 45% of the variance in youth-reported school/work functioning (P < 0.001), demonstrating a large effect size. CONCLUSION The mechanisms of the predictive effects of pain severity on school/work functioning in youth with SCI are explained in part by the serial multiple mediator effects of pain interference and social functioning. Identifying the multiple mediators of SCI pain on school/work functioning from the perspective of youth with SCI may facilitate future clinical research and practice to ameliorate impaired daily functioning and improve overall well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- James W. Varni
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
- Department of Landscape Architecture and Urban Planning, College of Architecture, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Kathy Zebracki
- Shriners Children’s Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Miriam Hwang
- Shriners Children’s Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - M.J. Mulcahey
- Department of Physical Medicine, Center for Outcomes and Measurement, Jefferson College of Rehabilitation Sciences, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Lawrence C. Vogel
- Shriners Children’s Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Rush Medical College, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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Call C, Oran A, O'Shea TM, Jensen ET, Frazier JA, Vaidya R, Shenberger J, Gogcu S, Msall ME, Kim S, Jalnapurkar I, Fry RC, Singh R. Health-related quality of life at age 10 years in children born extremely preterm. J Perinatol 2024; 44:835-843. [PMID: 38760579 DOI: 10.1038/s41372-024-01987-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the association between prenatal maternal health and socioeconomic status (SES) and health-related quality of life (QoL) among 10-year-old children born extremely preterm. DESIGN/ METHODS Retrospective analysis of the Extremely Low Gestational Age Newborns (ELGAN) Study cohort of infants born < 28 weeks gestational age. QoL was assessed at 10 years of age using the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory. Multivariate regression models were used for analyses. RESULTS Of 1198 participants who survived until 10 years of age, 889 (72.2%) were evaluated. Lower maternal age, lack of college education; receipt of public insurance and Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) were associated with lower QoL scores. Specific maternal health factors were also associated with lower child QoL scores. CONCLUSIONS Specific, potentially modifiable, maternal health and social factors are associated with lower scores on a measure of parent-reported child QoL across multiple domains for children born extremely preterm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Call
- Department of Pediatrics, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ali Oran
- Department of Environmental Sciences & Engineering, Gillings School of Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - T Michael O'Shea
- Frank Porter Graham Child Development Institute, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Elizabeth T Jensen
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Jean A Frazier
- Department of Psychiatry and the Eunice Kennedy Shriver Center, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Ruben Vaidya
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School - Baystate, Springfield, MA, USA
| | - Jeffrey Shenberger
- Department of Pediatrics, Connecticut Children's Hospital, Hartford, CT, USA
| | - Semsa Gogcu
- Department of Pediatrics, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Michael E Msall
- Kennedy Research Center on Intellectual and Neurodevelopmental Disabilities University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Sohye Kim
- Department of Psychiatry and the Eunice Kennedy Shriver Center, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Isha Jalnapurkar
- Department of Psychiatry and the Eunice Kennedy Shriver Center, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Rebecca C Fry
- Department of Environmental Sciences & Engineering, Gillings School of Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Rachana Singh
- Department of Pediatrics, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
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Lovan P, Saez-Clarke E, Graefe B, Messiah SE, Prado G. Parent childhood experiences, parenting strategies, and youth health-related outcomes in Hispanic families with unhealthy weight: An intergenerational study. Eat Behav 2024; 53:101870. [PMID: 38460202 PMCID: PMC11144088 DOI: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2024.101870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
We aimed to examine whether (a) parents' childhood family mealtime experiences (CFM) (e.g., mealtime communication-based stress) and parents' socio-demographic characteristics (e.g., education level) predict parents' health-related parenting strategies (e.g., discipline), (b) health-related parenting strategies for eating and physical activity predict youth's health-related outcomes (e.g., dietary intake), (c) parenting strategies mediate the relationship between CFM and youth outcomes. A path model was used to examine the above-mentioned relationships. Data were obtained from the baseline assessment of a randomized clinical trial evaluating the efficacy of a family-based intervention to promote quality diet and increase physical activity. Participants were 280 Hispanic youth (52.1 % female, Mage = 13.01 ± 0.83) with unhealthy weight (MBody Mass Index %tile = 94.55 ± 4.15) and their parents (88.2 % female, Mage = 41.87 ± 6.49). Results indicated that childhood mealtime communication-based stress and mealtime structure were positively associated with control. Appearance weight control was positively associated with monitoring, discipline, limit-setting, and reinforcement. Parental mealtime control had positive associations with discipline, control, and limit-setting. Emphasis on mother's weight was positively associated with reinforcement. We also found positive associations between parental monitoring and youth's physical QOL and between parental discipline and fruits and vegetables intake. No mediating effect was found. Findings demonstrated significant effects of parents' childhood experience on parenting strategies, which in turn was associated with the youths' health-related outcomes. These results suggest the intergenerational effects of parent's childhood experience on their youth's health-related outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Padideh Lovan
- School of Nursing and Health Studies, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33146, United States; Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33146, United States.
| | - Estefany Saez-Clarke
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33146, United States; Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33146, United States.
| | - Beck Graefe
- Department of Educational and Psychological Studies, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33146, United States.
| | - Sarah E Messiah
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Science, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, School of Public Health, Dallas, TX 75207, United States; Center for Pediatric Population Health, University of Texas Health Science Center, School of Public Health, Dallas, TX 75207, United States; Department of Pediatrics, McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX 77030, United States.
| | - Guillermo Prado
- School of Nursing and Health Studies, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33146, United States.
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Jeon B, Chung SJ, Lee YJ. Racial/ethnic disparities in sleep health among adolescents in South Korea: The role of substance use behaviours. J Adv Nurs 2024. [PMID: 38515007 DOI: 10.1111/jan.16151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
AIM To examine the relationship between racial/ethnic disparities and substance use behaviours (alcohol and tobacco use) and their impact on the sleep health of South Korean adolescents. DESIGN Secondary analysis of cross-sectional study data from the 2021 Korea Youth Risk Behaviour Web-based Survey dataset. METHODS Given that Korean society has historically linked its racial/ethnic identity to a shared bloodline, we categorized 2644 adolescents from the Korea Youth Risk Behaviour Web-based Survey based on their racial/ethnic status, determined by their parents' birthplaces. Using multiple linear regression, we investigated whether the impact of racial/ethnic disparities on sleep health (sleep duration, debt, and timing) varies depending on substance use behaviours (alcohol and tobacco use) after controlling for age, sex, household economic status, depressed mood, suicidal ideation, perceived excessive stress, and anxiety level. RESULTS Despite no statistical differences in sleep health and the prevalence of substance use between racial/ethnic groups, racial/ethnic minority adolescents experienced greater sleep debt than racial/ethnic majority adolescents when consuming alcohol. Moreover, racial/ethnic minority adolescents were more likely to report psychosocial distress and had lower parental education level. CONCLUSION Racial/ethnic minority adolescents were more vulnerable to the detrimental effects of alcohol use on sleep health compared to racial/ethnic majority adolescents. This heightened vulnerability may be attributed to the more pronounced psychosocial challenges and the lower socioeconomic status of parents in the racial/ethnic minority group. IMPACT Racial/ethnic disparities are concerning in South Korea, particularly since the negative effects of substance use on sleep health are intensified among racial/ethnic minority adolescents. Nurses and other healthcare providers should recognize the importance of addressing the social disadvantages linked to racial/ethnic disparities. Beyond just advocating for the cessation of substance use, it is crucial to address these underlying issues to reduce sleep disparities among South Korean adolescents. PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION No patient or public contribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bomin Jeon
- College of Nursing and Research Institute of Nursing Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sophia J Chung
- Red Cross College of Nursing, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Young Ji Lee
- School of Nursing, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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Mahjoob M, Cardy R, Penner M, Anagnostou E, Andrade BF, Crosbie J, Kelley E, Ayub M, Ayub M, Brian J, Iaboni A, Schachar R, Georgiades S, Nicolson R, Jones J, Kushki A. Predictors of health-related quality of life for children with neurodevelopmental conditions. Sci Rep 2024; 14:6377. [PMID: 38493236 PMCID: PMC10944519 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-56821-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Neurodevelopmental conditions can be associated with decreased health-related quality of life; however, the predictors of these outcomes remain largely unknown. We characterized the predictors of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in a sample of neurodiverse children and youth. We used a cross-sectional subsample from the Province of Ontario Neurodevelopmental Disorders Network (POND) consisting of those children and young people in the POND dataset with complete study data (total n = 615; 31% female; age: 11.28 years ± 2.84 years). Using a structural equation model, we investigated the effects of demographics (age, sex, socioeconomic status), core features (Social Communication Questionnaire, Toronto Obsessive Compulsive Scale, Strengths and Weaknesses of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)-symptoms and Normal Behavior), co-occurring symptoms (Child Behaviour Checklist), and adaptive functioning (Adaptive Behaviour Assessment System) on HRQoL (KINDL). A total of 615 participants had complete data for this study (autism = 135, ADHD = 273, subthreshold ADHD = 7, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) = 38, sub-threshold OCD = 1, neurotypical = 161). Of these participants, 190 (31%) identified as female, and 425 (69%) identified as male. The mean age was 11.28 years ± 2.84 years. Health-related quality of life was negatively associated with co-occurring symptoms (B = - 0.6, SE = 0.20, CI (- 0.95, - 0.19), p = 0.004)) and age (B = - 0.1, SE = 0.04, CI (- 0.19, - 0.01), p = 0.037). Fewer co-occurring symptoms were associated with higher socioeconomic status (B = - 0.5, SE = - 0.05, CI (- 0.58, - 0.37), p < 0.001). This study used a cross-sectional design. Given that one's experiences, needs, supports, and environment and thus HrQoL may change significantly over the lifespan and a longitudinal analysis of predictors is needed to capture these changes. Future studies with more diverse participant groups are needed. These results demonstrate the importance of behavioural and sociodemographic characteristics on health-related quality of life across neurodevelopmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Mahjoob
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Robyn Cardy
- Bloorview Research Institute, Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, 150 Kilgour Road, Toronto, ON, M4G 1R8, Canada
| | - Melanie Penner
- Bloorview Research Institute, Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, 150 Kilgour Road, Toronto, ON, M4G 1R8, Canada
| | - Evdokia Anagnostou
- Bloorview Research Institute, Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, 150 Kilgour Road, Toronto, ON, M4G 1R8, Canada
| | - Brendan F Andrade
- Department of Psychiatry, Margaret and Wallace McCain Centre for Child Youth and Family Mental Health, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Jennifer Crosbie
- Department of Psychiatry, The Hospital for Sick Children (SickKids), Toronto, Canada
| | | | - Muhammad Ayub
- Department of Psychiatry, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada
| | - Muhammad Ayub
- Department of Psychology, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada
| | - Jessica Brian
- Bloorview Research Institute, Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, 150 Kilgour Road, Toronto, ON, M4G 1R8, Canada
| | - Alana Iaboni
- Bloorview Research Institute, Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, 150 Kilgour Road, Toronto, ON, M4G 1R8, Canada
| | - Russell Schachar
- Department of Psychiatry, The Hospital for Sick Children (SickKids), Toronto, Canada
| | - Stelios Georgiades
- Psychiatry & Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Rob Nicolson
- Department of Psychiatry, Western University, London, Canada
| | - Jessica Jones
- Department of Psychiatry, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada
| | - Azadeh Kushki
- Bloorview Research Institute, Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, 150 Kilgour Road, Toronto, ON, M4G 1R8, Canada.
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Mitchell A, Gutmann-Gonzalez A, Brindis CD, Decker MJ. Contraceptive access experiences and perspectives of Mexican-origin youth: a binational qualitative study. Sex Reprod Health Matters 2023; 31:2216527. [PMID: 37335382 DOI: 10.1080/26410397.2023.2216527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Access to comprehensive contraceptive services for youth is essential to improving sexual and reproductive health. However, youth in many countries still face substantial obstacles to contraceptive access and use. The purpose of this study is to compare the contraceptive access experiences and perspectives of pregnant and parenting Mexican-origin youth in Guanajuato, Mexico, and Fresno County, California. Focus groups and in-depth interviews were conducted in Spanish and English among female youth in Mexico (n = 49) and California (n = 25). Participants also completed a brief sociodemographic survey. Using a modified grounded theory approach, qualitative data were coded and thematically analysed based on Penchansky and Thomas's Theory of Access, and results were compared by location. Although knowledge of a service provider was high among youth in both locations, access was affected by social, cultural, and institutional dynamics and contraceptive use was mixed. Across locations, participants described obstacles to accessing their preferred method. Participants worried about parental and peer opinions about their use of contraception (acceptability), and about perceived side effects including infertility and pain (adequacy). Contextual differences included lack of contraceptive choice in Guanajuato (availability) and incomplete knowledge about options in Fresno County (awareness). The power to request and receive their method of choice (agency) emerged as an important dimension that was not part of the original theory. Latina youth living in Mexico and the United States face multiple challenges accessing needed contraceptive options and services. Recognising and reducing these barriers can strengthen the contraceptive care landscape and promote the reproductive health and agency of young people. DOI: 10.1080/26410397.2023.2216527Plain language summary: Although sexually active youth need access to comprehensive sexual and reproductive health services, youth in many countries face substantial barriers to care. This study compares the experiences of pregnant and parenting youth in accessing contraceptive services in Mexico and the United States. We conducted interviews and focus groups with 74 Mexican-origin young women and found that contraceptive use and access was affected by their concerns about parental and peer opinions as well as by provider attitudes. In Mexico, several participants reported being denied their preferred method by their provider. Identifying and addressing barriers to services can improve the quality of care and the reproductive health of young people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley Mitchell
- Graduate Student Researcher, Institute for Global Health Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Abigail Gutmann-Gonzalez
- Project Director, Philip R. Lee Institute for Health Policy Studies, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Claire D Brindis
- Distinguished Professor, Philip R. Lee Institute for Health Policy Studies, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Martha J Decker
- Associate Professor, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
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Hinchey LME, Pernice FM, Christian JN, Michon A, Rice K. A Contemporary Review of the Clubhouse Model of Psychosocial Rehabilitation: Past, Present, and Emerging Directions. Psychiatr Q 2023; 94:569-604. [PMID: 37796378 DOI: 10.1007/s11126-023-10051-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Since the 1940s, the Clubhouse model of psychosocial rehabilitation has evolved towards a comprehensive practice of social theory and intervention. Despite the model's cost effectiveness and observational evidence of its efficacy, empirical research remains lacking. The current narrative review examines studies from recent years (2015-2021), not to assess study rigor, but to identify trends in research aims, findings, and methodology, as well as specify future research directions. A narrative review was conducted using PRISMA guidelines. Using the search term "Clubhouse," 194 articles were identified in online databases. 38 met criteria for inclusion. Most studies were qualitative (60.5%) and few utilized experimental or quasi-experimental designs (7.9%). Narrative synthesis revealed research aims and outcome variables falling into six key areas: social integration and connectedness, quality of life (QOL), recovery outcomes, relational dynamics, policy, and virtual adaptations of the model. Findings indicate that recent Clubhouse-related research trends have primarily involved studies of social connectedness, QOL, recovery, relationships, and policy, as well as studies examining the value of the virtual Clubhouse in maintaining well-being. However, heterogeneity of methodologies and measures present a critical limitation to assessing results across studies. Options for increasing experimental methodologies in this area are reviewed. Recommended future directions involve moving towards a biopsychosocial approach to clarifying the mechanisms through which the model promotes recovery-aims that may yield implications beyond the realm of serious mental illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liza M E Hinchey
- Department of Theoretical and Behavioral Foundations, College of Education, Wayne State University, 5425 Gullen Mall, Education Building, Room 351, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA.
| | - Francesca M Pernice
- Department of Theoretical and Behavioral Foundations, College of Education, Wayne State University, 5425 Gullen Mall, Education Building, Room 351, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
| | - Janay N Christian
- Department of Theoretical and Behavioral Foundations, College of Education, Wayne State University, 5425 Gullen Mall, Education Building, Room 351, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
| | - Amber Michon
- Department of Theoretical and Behavioral Foundations, College of Education, Wayne State University, 5425 Gullen Mall, Education Building, Room 351, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
| | - Kevin Rice
- Fountain House New York, 425 West 47Th Street, New York, NY, 10036, USA
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10
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Varni JW, Zebracki K, Hwang M, Mulcahey MJ, Vogel LC. Bladder and bowel function effects on emotional functioning in youth with spinal cord injury: a serial multiple mediator analysis. Spinal Cord 2023; 61:415-421. [PMID: 37414836 DOI: 10.1038/s41393-023-00912-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN Preliminary explanatory or mechanistic cross-sectional study. OBJECTIVES This preliminary cross-sectional study investigates the hypothesized serial mediating effects of bladder/bowel worry, social worry, and social participation in the relationship between bladder function or bowel function and emotional functioning in youth with spinal cord injury (SCI) from their perspective. METHODS The Bladder Function, Bowel Function, Worry Bladder Bowel, Worry Social, and Social Participation Scales from the PedsQL™ Spinal Cord Injury Module and the Emotional Functioning Scale from the PedsQL™ 4.0 Generic Core Scales Short Form SF15 were completed by 127 youth with SCI ages 8-24. Serial multiple mediator model analyses were conducted to test the hypothesized sequential mediating effects of bladder/bowel worry, social worry, and social participation as intervening variables separately for the cross-sectional association between bladder function or bowel function and emotional functioning. RESULTS The separate cross-sectional negative association of bladder function and bowel function with emotional functioning were serially mediated by bladder/bowel worry, social worry and social participation, accounting for 28% and 31%, respectively, of the variance in youth-reported emotional functioning (p < 0.001), representing large effect sizes. CONCLUSIONS In this preliminary study, bladder/bowel worry, social worry, and social participation explain in part the cross-sectional negative association of bladder function and bowel function with emotional functioning in youth with SCI from the youth perspective. Identifying the hypothesized associations of bladder function and bowel function, bladder/bowel worry, social worry, and social participation with emotional functioning may help inform future clinical research and practice for youth with SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- James W Varni
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Department of Landscape Architecture and Urban Planning, College of Architecture, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
| | - Kathy Zebracki
- Shriners Children's Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Mary Jane Mulcahey
- Center for Outcomes and Measurement, Jefferson College of Rehabilitation Sciences, Department of Physical Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Lawrence C Vogel
- Shriners Children's Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Rush Medical College, Chicago, IL, USA
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11
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Overmann KM, Porter SC, Zhang Y, Britto MT. Caregiver Quality of Life During Pediatric Influenza-Like Illness: A Cross-Sectional Study During the COVID-19 Pandemic. J Patient Exp 2023; 10:23743735231188840. [PMID: 37528955 PMCID: PMC10388629 DOI: 10.1177/23743735231188840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to quantify the quality of life (QoL) of caregivers with children with influenza-like illnesses (ILI) and to identify factors associated with worse QoL. This was a cross-sectional cohort study of caregivers in a pediatric emergency department with previously healthy young children with ILI. The primary outcome was caregiver QoL. Additional measures included health literacy, social support, and caregiver health status. Two hundred and eighty-one caregivers completed the study. And 41% reported overall QoL was worse during their child's illness. The median QoL score was 3.8 [3.1, 4.6] in a 7-point scale. Illness duration was associated with worse overall QoL score (0.128 worse for each additional day of illness). The median emotions domain score was 2.5 [1.5, 4.0], the worst of any domain. Caregivers who perceived worse illness severity had lower emotions domain scores (2.61 vs 6.00, P = .0269). Caregivers with adequate literacy had lower mean QoL scores (3.08 vs 4.44, P < .0001). Childhood illnesses worsen caregiver QoL. Factors associated with worse QoL were perception of illness severity and duration. Addressing caregiver QoL could mitigate the impact of childhood acute illnesses on caregiver wellbeing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin M Overmann
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Stephen C Porter
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Yin Zhang
- Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Maria T Britto
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Division of Adolescent Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- James M. Anderson Center for Health Systems Excellence, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
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12
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Monroe P, Campbell JA, Harris M, Egede LE. Racial/ethnic differences in social determinants of health and health outcomes among adolescents and youth ages 10-24 years old: a scoping review. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:410. [PMID: 36855084 PMCID: PMC9976510 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-15274-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION With the recent emergence of the Healthy People 2030 goals there is a need to understand the role of SDOH on health inequalities from an upstream perspective. This review summarizes the recent body of evidence on the impact of SDOH across adolescence and youth health outcomes by race/ethnicity using the Health People 2030 Framework. METHODS A systematic, reproducible search was performed using PubMed, Academic Search Premier, PsychInfo, and ERIC. A total of 2078 articles were screened for inclusion. A total of 263 articles met inclusion criteria, resulting in 29 articles included for final synthesis. RESULTS Across the 29 articles, 11 were cross-sectional, 16 were cohort, and 2 were experimental. Across SDOH categories (economic stability, education access and quality, health care access and quality, neighborhood and built environment, and social and community context), 1 study examined self-efficacy, 6 educational attainment, 10 behavior, 5 smoking, 11 alcohol use, 10 substance use, and 1 quality of life. The majority of outcomes represented in this search included health behaviors such as health risk behavior, smoking, alcohol use, and substance use. Across the 29 articles identified, significant differences existed across outcomes by race/ethnicity across SDOH factors, however magnitude of differences varied by SDOH category. DISCUSSION SDOH differentially affect adolescents and youth across race/ethnicity. The lived adverse experiences, along with structural racism, increase the likelihood of adolescents and youth engaging in risky health behaviors and negatively influencing health outcomes during adolescence and youth. Research, public health initiatives, and policies integrating SDOH into interventions at early stage of life are needed to effectively reduce social and health inequalities at a population level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Monroe
- Center for Advancing Population Science, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Rd, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA
| | - Jennifer A Campbell
- Center for Advancing Population Science, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Rd, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Melissa Harris
- Center for Advancing Population Science, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Rd, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA
| | - Leonard E Egede
- Center for Advancing Population Science, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Rd, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA.
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA.
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13
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Pipitone JM, Jović S. Urban Nature and Sense of Belonging: Photo-Narrative Exploration of Socio-Spatial Disparities in New York City. ECOPSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1089/eco.2021.0056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Svetlana Jović
- Department of Psychology, State University of New York Old Westbury, Old Westbury, New York, USA
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14
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Contributory Factors Influencing Interdisciplinary Pediatric Weight Management Program Attendance for Racially Minoritized Youth. J Clin Psychol Med Settings 2022:10.1007/s10880-022-09899-0. [PMID: 36129641 PMCID: PMC9490700 DOI: 10.1007/s10880-022-09899-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Childhood obesity is a complex medical condition associated with biopsychosocial complications that requires a multifaceted treatment approach. Historically weight management treatment has been challenging to access for racially minoritized youth. This study evaluated factors influencing treatment attendance for racially minoritized youth in a pediatric weight management program between 2018 and 2021. Medical information from 228 participants was collected, including demographics, insurance type, use of telehealth visits, measures of health-related quality of life (HRQOL), distance from the weight management program, and medical history. Although participants entering the weight management program came from across the state, racially minoritized participants from the Indianapolis area were more likely to attend the program. Racially minoritized participants farther from the program were comparatively underrepresented. Relative to families from majority backgrounds, racially minoritized families had the highest public health insurance rates. Specific physical and mental health comorbidities may further increase risk. Results have important implications for pediatric weight management programs to improve access and treatment opportunities for racially minoritized and underserved populations.
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15
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Ang JY, Leong EL, Chan HK, Shafie AA, Lee SQ, Mutiah P, Lim RVM, Loo CM, S Rajah RU, Meor Ahmad Shah M, Jamil Osman Z, Yeoh LC, Krisnan D, Bhojwani K. Health-related quality of life of Malaysian patients with chronic non-malignant pain and its associated factors: a cross-sectional study. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2022; 23:400. [PMID: 35484524 PMCID: PMC9047371 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-022-05354-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic pain has a major impact on a patient’s quality of life, affecting physical and psychological functioning. It has debilitating consequences on social and economic aspects too. This study aimed to explore the status of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of Malaysian patients suffering from chronic non-malignant pain. Methods Four hospitals offering pain clinic services were involved in this multicentre cross-sectional study conducted between June and September 2020. Adult patients who had been diagnosed with non-malignant chronic pain lasting for at least three months and able to communicate in English or Malay language were recruited in this study. Participants were informed about the study and were made aware that their participation was entirely voluntary. A battery of questionnaires consists of the EuroQol-5 dimensions-5 levels questionnaire (EQ-5D-5L) and the EuroQol visual analogue scale (EQ VAS), the Pain Self-Efficacy questionnaire (PSEQ) and the Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS) were self-administered by the patients. Besides, a structured questionnaire was used to collect their socio-demographic information, pain condition, sleep quality and working status. Participants’ usage of pain medications was quantified using the Quantitative Analgesic Questionnaire (QAQ). Results A total of 255 patients participated in this study. A median EQ-5D index value of 0.669 (IQR: 0.475, 0.799) and a median EQ VAS score of 60.0 (IQR: 50.0, 80.0) were recorded. Malay ethnicity (Adj. B: 0.77; 95% CI: 0.029, 0.126; p = 0.002) and a higher level of self-efficacy (Adj. B: 0.008; 95% CI: 0.006, 0.011; p < 0.001) were predictors of a better HRQoL, while suffering from pain in the back and lower limb region (Adj. B: -0.089; 95% CI: − 0.142, − 0.036; p = 0.001), the use of a larger amount of pain medications (Adj. B: -0.013; 95% CI: − 0.019, − 0.006; p < 0.001), and a higher degree of pain magnification (Adj. B: -0.015; 95% CI: − 0.023, − 0.008; p < 0.001) were associated with a poorer HRQoL. Conclusions These findings suggested that Malay ethnicity and a higher level of self-efficacy were predictors of a better HRQoL in patients with chronic pain, whereas pain-related factors such as higher usage of medication, specific pain site and pain magnification style were predictors of poorer HRQoL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju-Ying Ang
- Clinical Research Centre (CRC), Hospital Raja Permaisuri Bainun, Ministry of Health, Level 4, Ambulatory Care Centre (ACC), Jalan Raja Ashman Shah, 30450, Ipoh, Perak, Malaysia.
| | - E-Li Leong
- Clinical Research Centre (CRC), Hospital Raja Permaisuri Bainun, Ministry of Health, Level 4, Ambulatory Care Centre (ACC), Jalan Raja Ashman Shah, 30450, Ipoh, Perak, Malaysia
| | - Huan-Keat Chan
- Clinical Research Centre (CRC), Hospital Sultanah Bahiyah, Ministry of Health, Km6, 256, 05460, Alor Setar, Kedah, Malaysia
| | - Asrul Akmal Shafie
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Gelugor, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Shi-Qi Lee
- Pharmacy Department, Hospital Pulau Pinang, Ministry of Health, Jalan Residensi, 10990, George Town, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Punita Mutiah
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Hospital Pulau Pinang, Ministry of Health, Jalan Residensi, 10990, George Town, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Ronald Vei-Meng Lim
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Hospital Selayang, Ministry of Health, Selayang - Kepong Hwy, 68100, Batu Caves, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Chia-Ming Loo
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Hospital Sultanah Bahiyah, Ministry of Health, Km6, 256, 05460, Alor Setar, Kedah, Malaysia
| | - R Usha S Rajah
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Hospital Pulau Pinang, Ministry of Health, Jalan Residensi, 10990, George Town, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Mazlila Meor Ahmad Shah
- Pain management Unit,Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Hospital Selayang, Ministry of Health, Selayang - Kepong Hwy, 68100, Batu Caves, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Zubaidah Jamil Osman
- Management Science University, University Drive, Off Persiaran Olahraga, 40100, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Lee-Choo Yeoh
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Hospital Sultanah Bahiyah, Ministry of Health, Km6, 256, 05460, Alor Setar, Kedah, Malaysia
| | - Devanandhini Krisnan
- Pain Management Clinic, Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Hospital Raja Permaisuri Bainun, Ministry of Health, Jalan Raja Ashman Shah, 30450, Ipoh, Perak, Malaysia
| | - Kavita Bhojwani
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Hospital Raja Permaisuri Bainun, Ministry of Health, Jalan Raja Ashman Shah, 30450, Ipoh, Perak, Malaysia
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16
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Zebracki K, Hwang M, Vogel LC, Mulcahey MJ, Varni JW. PedsQL™ Spinal Cord Injury Module: Reliability and Validity. Top Spinal Cord Inj Rehabil 2022; 28:64-77. [PMID: 35145336 PMCID: PMC8791414 DOI: 10.46292/sci21-00057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objective was to report on the initial measurement properties of the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory™ (PedsQL™) Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) Module in youth with SCI from the youth and parent perspectives. METHODS PedsQL™ SCI Module and PedsQL™ 4.0 Generic Core Scales SF15 were completed in a multisite national study by 166 youth ages 8 to 25 years and 128 parents of youth ages 5 to 23 years. Data from the PedsQL™ Generic Core Scales were compared with an age- and sex-matched healthy control sample. Factor analysis was conducted to determine the factor structure of the items. RESULTS In addition to a Total Scale Score, nine unidimensional scales were derived measuring daily activities, mobility, bladder function, bowel function, pressure injury, pain interference, social participation, worry bladder bowel, and worry social. The PedsQL™ SCI Module evidenced excellent reliability for Total Scale Scores (youth self-report, α = 0.93; parent proxy-report, α = 0.93) and acceptable reliability for the nine individual scales (youth self-report, α = 0.71-0.83; parent proxy-report, α = 0.67-0.87). Intercorrelations with the Generic Core Scales supported construct validity with medium to large effect sizes (most ps < .001). Factor analysis supported the unidimensionality of the nine individual scales. PedsQL™ Generic Core Scales comparisons to healthy controls demonstrated significantly impaired generic health-related quality of life in youth with SCI with large effect sizes. CONCLUSION The PedsQL™ SCI Module Scales demonstrated acceptable measurement properties and may be utilized as standardized scales to assess SCI-specific concerns and problems in clinical research and practice in youth with SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathy Zebracki
- Shriners Children’s Chicago, Illinois
,Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | | | - Lawrence C. Vogel
- Shriners Children’s Chicago, Illinois
,Rush Medical College, Chicago, Illinois
| | - MJ Mulcahey
- Center for Outcomes and Measurement, Jefferson College of Rehabilitation Sciences, Department of Physical Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - James W. Varni
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Department of Landscape Architecture and Urban Planning, College of Architecture, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
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17
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Danko A, Naughton M, Spees C, Bittoni AM, Krok-Schoen JL. Diet Quality and the Number of Comorbidities Are Associated with General Health Among Older Female Cancer Survivors. J Aging Health 2021; 33:908-918. [PMID: 34814773 DOI: 10.1177/08982643211018923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Objective: We aimed to investigate the associations between diet quality, general health, and comorbidities among older female cancer survivors. Methods: Participants (n = 171) completed one-time surveys to assess health-related quality of life (RAND-36), diet quality (Healthy Eating Index (HEI-2015)), and number of comorbidities. Additional demographic and clinical variables were collected. Descriptive statistics, analysis of covariance, correlations, and linear regressions were utilized. Results: A positive correlation was found between HEI-2015 and general health subscale scores (r = .26, p = .002). A negative correlation was found between the number of comorbidities and general health (r = -.21, p = .02). Being white (β = -.24, p = .02) and having fewer comorbidities (β = -.22, p = .04) were significantly associated with higher general health. Being unmarried (β = .24, p = .02) and having higher education (β = .32, p = .002) were significantly associated with higher HEI-2015 scores. Discussion: Healthcare providers should seek guidance from registered dietitian nutritionists for nutritional education to promote optimal nutritional status, thus contributing to improved general health among this growing population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison Danko
- Division of Medical Dietetics and Health Sciences, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, 51121Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Michelle Naughton
- 549472The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA.,Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, 24600Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Colleen Spees
- Division of Medical Dietetics and Health Sciences, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, 51121Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.,549472The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Anna Maria Bittoni
- 549472The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Jessica L Krok-Schoen
- Division of Medical Dietetics and Health Sciences, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, 51121Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.,549472The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
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18
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Yengo-Kahn AM, Wallace J, Jimenez V, Totten DJ, Bonfield CM, Zuckerman SL. Exploring the outcomes and experiences of Black and White athletes following a sport-related concussion: a retrospective cohort study. J Neurosurg Pediatr 2021; 28:516-525. [PMID: 34428742 DOI: 10.3171/2021.2.peds2130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Young American athletes, at risk of sport-related concussion (SRC), represent many races; however, it is unknown how race may influence the experience and outcome of SRC. The authors' objective was to compare White and Black athletes' recovery and subjective experiences after SRC. METHODS A retrospective study was performed using the Vanderbilt Sports Concussion registry. Self-reported White and Black young athletes (ages 12-23 years) who had been treated for SRC between 2012 and 2015 were included. Athletes with learning disabilities or psychiatric conditions were excluded. Data were collected by electronic medical record review and phone calls to athletes and parents or guardians. The primary outcomes were as follows: 1) days to symptom resolution (SR), 2) days to return to school, and changes in 3) any daily activity (binary) and 4) sport behavior (binary). Secondary outcomes were changes (more, unchanged, or less) in specific activities such as sleep, schoolwork, and television time, as well as equipment (binary) or playing style (more reckless, unchanged, or less reckless) and whether the athlete retired from sport. Descriptive analyses, multivariable Cox proportional hazards models, and logistic regression were performed. RESULTS The final cohort included 247 student-athletes (36 Black, 211 White). Black athletes were male (78% vs 58%) more often than White athletes, but both races were similar in age, sport, and medical/family histories. Black athletes more frequently had public insurance (33.3% vs 5.7%) and lived in areas with a low median income (41.2% vs 26.6%). After adjusting for age, sex, concussion history, insurance status, and zip code median income, Black athletes reached an asymptomatic status (HR 1.497, 95% CI 1.014-2.209, p = 0.042) and returned to school earlier (HR 1.522, 95% CI 1.020-2.270, p = 0.040). Black athletes were less likely to report a change in any daily activity than White athletes (OR 0.368, 95% CI 0.136-0.996, p = 0.049). Changes in sport behavior were comparable between the groups. CONCLUSIONS Racial differences appear to exist in the outcomes and experience of SRC for young athletes, as Black athletes reached SR and return to school sooner than White athletes. Race should be considered as an important social determinant in SRC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron M Yengo-Kahn
- 1Department of Neurological Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center
- 2Vanderbilt Sport Concussion Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Jessica Wallace
- 3Department of Health Science, Athletic Training Program, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama
| | - Viviana Jimenez
- 2Vanderbilt Sport Concussion Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
- 4Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center; and
| | - Douglas J Totten
- 2Vanderbilt Sport Concussion Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
- 5Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Christopher M Bonfield
- 1Department of Neurological Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center
- 2Vanderbilt Sport Concussion Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Scott L Zuckerman
- 1Department of Neurological Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center
- 2Vanderbilt Sport Concussion Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
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19
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Cortés-García L, Hernández Ortiz J, Asim N, Sales M, Villareal R, Penner F, Sharp C. COVID-19 conversations: A qualitative study of majority Hispanic/Latinx youth experiences during early stages of the pandemic. CHILD & YOUTH CARE FORUM 2021; 51:769-793. [PMID: 34602804 PMCID: PMC8477975 DOI: 10.1007/s10566-021-09653-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Background Growing evidence informs about the detrimental impact that COVID-19 has had on youths' mental health and well-being. As of yet, no study has directly examined the experiences and perspectives of children and young adolescents from racial and ethnic minority groups in the U.S., despite being exposed to more adversity, which may affect coping with the many challenges posed by the pandemic. Objective This study aimed to give voice to a mostly Hispanic/Latinx group of youth regarding the impact of COVID-19 stay-at-home measures and to identify their emotional responses and coping strategies amid the pandemic in the U.S. when restrictions were at their hardest. Method A total of 17 youths (70.6 % Hispanic; age range = 10-14 years; 52.9 % female) participated in four virtual semi-structured focus groups for each grade level (grades 5-8). Data was transcribed and analyzed using a gold standard thematic analysis approach. Results Seven themes were identified concerning the impact of COVID-19, centering around the impact of racism, loss of income, the role of community and family in coping with stress, information overload, home-schooling, loneliness and boredom, and lack of structured routines. Conclusions Our findings suggest that cultural factors (e.g., collectivism and familism) in Hispanic communities may offer important buffering during COVID-19. Future research studies evaluating the implementation of structured programs that provide a space to talk about emotions and thoughts related to the impact of the pandemic and training in strategies to cope with distress during mandatory home-schooling are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. Cortés-García
- PROMENTA Research Center, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - J. Hernández Ortiz
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, TX United States
| | - N. Asim
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, TX United States
| | - M. Sales
- Connect Community, Houston, TX United States
| | | | - F. Penner
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, TX United States
| | - C. Sharp
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, TX United States
- University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa
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20
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Cheah WL, Law LS, Teh KH, Kam SL, Voon GEH, Lim HY, Shashi Kumar NS. Quality of life among undergraduate university students during COVID-19 movement control order in Sarawak. Health Sci Rep 2021; 4:e362. [PMID: 34466663 PMCID: PMC8386891 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS This study aimed to examine the quality of life (QoL) and health satisfaction of undergraduate university students in Sarawak during MCO and its association with socio-demographic profiles. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, QoL and satisfaction of health of 503 undergraduate university students (63.4% females) from a public university was assessed online using the World Health Organization QoL (WHOQOL)-BREF instrument. RESULTS The overall QoL and satisfaction with health were 3.7 ± 0.87 and 3.9 ± 0.82, respectively. Male students showed significantly lower mean scores for the environmental domains than female students (63.37 ± 16.21 vs 68.10 ± 14.00, P < .01). Students who lived inside the campus (vs outside campus) showed significantly lower mean score for the physical health (61.49 ± 13.94 vs 67.23 ± 13.93, P < .01), environmental health (58.35 ± 15.07 vs 70.49 ± 13.21, P < .01), overall QoL (3.39 ± 0.90 vs 3.84 ± 0.83, P < .01), and satisfaction with health (3.71 ± 0.90 vs 3.97 ± 0.77, P < .01). Students with parent's income below RM5000 (vs parent's income more than RM5000) had significantly lower mean score for the environmental domain (65.06 ± 14.35 vs 68.20 ± 15.74, P < .05). Others ethnicity scored significantly lower than Bumiputera Sarawak and Malay while Bumiputera Sarawak scored significantly lower than Chinese in physical health domain (Malay = 65.73 ± 13.40, Chinese = 63.24 ± 15.35, Bumiputra Sarawak = 67.35 ± 13.30, Others = 60.84 ± 15.88, P < .05). Malay (69.99 ± 15.20) scored significantly higher than other ethnicities (Chinese = 63.58 ± 15.80; Bumiputera Malaysia = 65.23 ± 13.66; others = 63.98 ± 15.59) in environmental domain (P < .01). When comparing between religions, the results also showed there were significant differences between different religion groups in overall QoL (Islam = 3.75 ± 0.93, Christianity = 3.77 ± 0.79, Others = 3.34 ± 1.14, P < .05), physical health (Islam = 65.00 ± 13.86, Buddhism = 68.40 ± 11.99, Christianity = 64.77 ± 14.94, Others = 61.00 ± 16.03, P < .05), and environmental health (Islam = 69.66 ± 15.48, Buddhism = 64.99 ± 11.36, Christianity = 64.87 ± 15.61, Others = 62.13 ± 16.28, P < .05). CONCLUSION By understanding university students' QoL in this global disaster, relevant authorities would provide a better rehabilitation and assistance to those affected ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Whye Lian Cheah
- Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesUniversiti Malaysia SarawakKota SamarahanSarawakMalaysia
| | - Leh Shii Law
- Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesUniversiti Malaysia SarawakKota SamarahanSarawakMalaysia
| | - Keng Hoong Teh
- Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesUniversiti Malaysia SarawakKota SamarahanSarawakMalaysia
| | - Su Ling Kam
- Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesUniversiti Malaysia SarawakKota SamarahanSarawakMalaysia
| | - Grace Ern Hui Voon
- Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesUniversiti Malaysia SarawakKota SamarahanSarawakMalaysia
| | - Han Yong Lim
- Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesUniversiti Malaysia SarawakKota SamarahanSarawakMalaysia
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21
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Sprague NL, Ekenga CC. The impact of nature-based education on health-related quality of life among low-income youth: results from an intervention study. J Public Health (Oxf) 2021; 44:394-401. [PMID: 33415330 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdaa243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nature experiences have been shown to promote physical, emotional, mental and overall health. However, low-income youth often face inequities in access to nature. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of a 15-week nature-based education (NBE) intervention on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of low-income youth. METHODS A total of 362 low-income youth (ages 9-15) in St. Louis, MO, USA, participated in this study. Study participants completed a pre- and post-intervention survey that included validated measures of six HRQoL domains (Physical Activity, Emotional Health Functioning, School Functioning, Social Functioning, Family Functioning and overall HRQoL). Random effects analysis of covariance was used to test for significant differences in HRQoL scores between the intervention and control groups, after adjusting for school, age, previous nature exposure, and Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics capacity. RESULTS After the intervention period, youth in the NBE intervention group experienced improvements in all HRQoL domain scores (P < 0.001), whereas youth in the control group experienced declines in HRQoL domain scores (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS NBE may have a positive impact on the HRQoL of low-income youth. Further investigations examining the influence of nature-based activities on youth health outcomes are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadav L Sprague
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, NY 10032, USA
| | - Christine C Ekenga
- Brown School, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
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22
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Food Habits and Screen Time Play a Major Role in the Low Health Related to Quality of Life of Ethnic Ascendant Schoolchildren. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12113489. [PMID: 33202915 PMCID: PMC7696507 DOI: 10.3390/nu12113489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to determine the association between lifestyle parameters (i.e., physical activity (PA) level, screen time (ST), fitness and food habits) and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in ethnic ascendant schoolchildren (i.e., Mapuche ascendant). This cross-sectional study included 619 schoolchildren with ethnic (EA; n = 234, 11.6 ± 1.0 years) and non-ethnicity ascendant (NEA; n = 383, 11.7 ± 1.1 years) from Araucanía, Chile. HRQoL and lifestyle were measured using a standard questionnaire and cardiometabolic markers (body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-height ratio (WtHR), systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP)) and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) were additionally included. In the EA schoolchildren, the HRQoL reported association with CRF adjusted by age and sex (β; 0.12, p = 0.018) and non-adjusted with foods habits (β; 0.11, p = 0.034). By contrast, ST adjusted by age and sex presented an inverse association with HRQoL (β; −2.70, p < 0.001). EA schoolchildren showed low HRQoL (p = 0.002), low nutritional level (p = 0.002) and low CRF (p < 0.001) than NEA peers. Moreover, children’s ethnic presence showed an association with low nutritional levels (odd ratio (OR): 3.28, p = 0.002) and ST 5 h/day (OR: 5.34, p = 0.003). In conclusion, in the present study, EA schoolchildren reported lower HRQoL than NEA schoolchildren, which could be explained by the lifestyle patterns such as a low nutritional level and more ST exposure.
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23
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Cassedy A, Altaye M, Andringa J, Cooper AM, Drews-Botsch C, Engelhard G, Hennard T, Holland GN, Jenkins K, Lambert SR, Lipscomb J, McCracken C, McCurdy DK, McDonald J, Mwase N, Prahalad S, Stahl E, Miraldi Utz V, Walker AA, Yeh S, Angeles-Han ST. Assessing the validity and reliability of the Effects of Youngsters' Eyesight on Quality of Life (EYE-Q) questionnaire among children with uveitis. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) 2020; 74:355-363. [PMID: 33085849 DOI: 10.1002/acr.24491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The Effects of Youngsters' Eyesight on Quality of Life (EYE-Q) questionnaire measures vision-related functioning (VRF) and vision-related quality of life (VRQOL) in children with uveitis. Our aim was to revise the Alpha version of the EYE-Q to refine VRF and VRQOL subscales and assess the validity of the EYE-Q. METHODS Children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), JIA-associated uveitis, and other non-infectious uveitis were enrolled. Patients and parents completed the EYE-Q, PedsQL (overall QOL), and CHAQ (physical functioning). The Development site completed the Alpha version of the EYE-Q, and the Composite sites completed the Beta version. We compared item-subscale correlations, internal consistency, construct and discriminant validity amongst the different versions. RESULTS Of the 644 patients enrolled, 61.6% completed the Alpha version, and 38.4% the Beta version of the EYE-Q. Mean patient age was 11.1 (SD = 4.2) years, and 70% were female. Fewer white patients (73.5%) completed the Alpha version compared to the Beta version (86.2%, p <0.001). With the exception of patient-reported VRF, both versions had similar item-subscale correlations. Version comparisons on scale internal consistencies indicated significant differences for parent- and patient-reported VRF, but each scale had a Cronbach's Alpha >0.80 Beta. When data were combined, the EYE-Q showed significant differences between JIA-only and uveitis patients on all parent and patient scores, except for patient-reported VRF. CONCLUSION The EYE-Q appears to be a valid measure of VRF and VRQOL in pediatric uveitis. Our results suggest it may be used as an outcome measure in multi-center pediatric uveitis studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Cassedy
- Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology and Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Mekibib Altaye
- Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology and Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Jennifer Andringa
- Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology and Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | | | - Carolyn Drews-Botsch
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - George Engelhard
- Division of Educational Psychology, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | - Theresa Hennard
- Division of Rheumatology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Gary N Holland
- UCLA Stein Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | | | | | - Jessi Lipscomb
- Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology and Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Courtney McCracken
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Deborah K McCurdy
- Department of Pediatrics and David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Joseph McDonald
- Division of Rheumatology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Najima Mwase
- Division of Rheumatology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Sampath Prahalad
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States.,Childrens Healthcare of Atlanta
| | - Erin Stahl
- Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, MO, United States
| | - Virginia Miraldi Utz
- Division of Ophthalmology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | | | - Steven Yeh
- Department of Ophthalmology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Sheila T Angeles-Han
- Division of Rheumatology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States.,Division of Ophthalmology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States
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24
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de Oliveira Pinheiro B, Monezi Andrade AL, Lopes FM, Reichert RA, de Oliveira WA, da Silva AMB, De Micheli D. Association between quality of life and risk behaviors in Brazilian adolescents: An exploratory study. J Health Psychol 2020; 27:341-351. [PMID: 32878479 DOI: 10.1177/1359105320953472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We evaluated the association between risk behaviors and quality of life in 1,081 adolescents classified into the risk behavior (RB) or the non-risk behavior (nRB) group. The data were analyzed with logistic regression models, analysis of variance, and network analysis. The nRB group had higher quality-of-life scores, and having a religion (OR = .42) and better quality of life (OR = .95) significantly reduced the odds of risk behaviors. The network analysis identified that religion, gender, and type of school showed the best centrality and connectivity indices. These data showed a negative association between risk behaviors and lower quality-of-life levels.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Fernanda Machado Lopes
- Departament of Psychology, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Denise De Micheli
- Departament of Psychobiology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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25
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Jackson CL, Walker JR, Brown MK, Das R, Jones NL. A workshop report on the causes and consequences of sleep health disparities. Sleep 2020; 43:zsaa037. [PMID: 32154560 PMCID: PMC7420527 DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsaa037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Sleep deficiencies, which include insufficient or long sleep duration, poor sleep quality, and irregular timing of sleep, are disproportionately distributed among populations that experience health disparities in the United States. Sleep deficiencies are associated with a wide range of suboptimal health outcomes, high-risk health behaviors, and poorer overall functioning and well-being. This report focuses on sleep health disparities (SHDs), which is a term defined as differences in one or more dimensions of sleep health on a consistent basis that adversely affect designated disadvantaged populations. SHDs appear to share many of the same determinants and causal pathways observed for health outcomes with well-known disparities. There also appears to be common behavioral and biological mechanisms that connect sleep with poorer health outcomes, suggesting a link between SHDs and other health disparities observed within these designated populations. In 2018, the National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, and the Office of Behavioral and Social Sciences Research convened a workshop with experts in sleep, circadian rhythms, and health disparities to identify research gaps, challenges, and opportunities to better understand and advance research to address SHDs. The major strategy to address SHDs is to promote integration between health disparity causal pathways and sleep and circadian-related mechanisms in research approaches and study designs. Additional strategies include developing a comprehensive, integrative conceptual model, building transdisciplinary training and research infrastructure, and designing as well as testing multilevel, multifactorial interventions to address SHDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandra L Jackson
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC
- Intramural Program, National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Jenelle R Walker
- Center for Translation Research and Implementation Science, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Marishka K Brown
- Division of Lung Diseases, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Rina Das
- Division of Extramural Scientific Programs, National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Nancy L Jones
- Division of Extramural Scientific Programs, National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
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26
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Sprague N, Berrigan D, Ekenga CC. An Analysis of the Educational and Health-Related Benefits of Nature-Based Environmental Education in Low-Income Black and Hispanic Children. Health Equity 2020; 4:198-210. [PMID: 32440617 PMCID: PMC7241057 DOI: 10.1089/heq.2019.0118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Low-income and non-white children experience disparities in health, education, and access to nature. These health disparities are often associated and exacerbated by inequities in the U.S. educational system. Recent research suggests that nature contact may reduce these health and educational disparities for urban low-income populations. Nature-based education (NBE) uses nature contact to inspire curiosity and improve health. This study examines the health and educational outcomes of a 15-week NBE intervention for urban low-income, black and Hispanic children 10–15 years of age. Methods: Children (n=122) completed a pre-intervention and post-intervention survey that addressed seven science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM)-capacity items (leadership, teamwork, science relevance, sustainability relevance, STEM self-efficacy, science interest, and overall STEM capacity) and six widely used health-related quality-of-life (HRQoL) domains (physical health functioning, emotional health functioning, school functioning, social functioning, family functioning, and overall HRQoL). Focus groups with participating students and post-intervention surveys of NBE mentors and teachers explored perceptions of the intervention impact. Results: There were statistically significant positive changes in STEM capacity and HRQoL for participating students. For example, children's overall STEM capacity and overall HRQoL scores improved by 44% and 46%, respectively (both p<0.05). Qualitative data highlighted the intervention's educational and health benefits. Conclusions: These results support further research quantifying the effects of NBE on STEM capacity and HRQoL in urban, low-income, black and Hispanic children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadav Sprague
- Brown School, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.,Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - David Berrigan
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Christine C Ekenga
- Brown School, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
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