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Singh J, James D, Das S, Patel MK, Sutar RR, Achary VMM, Goel N, Gupta KJ, Reddy MK, Jha G, Sonti RV, Foyer CH, Thakur JK, Tripathy BC. Co-overexpression of SWEET sucrose transporters modulates sucrose synthesis and defence responses to enhance immunity against bacterial blight in rice. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2024. [PMID: 38533652 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Enhancing carbohydrate export from source to sink tissues is considered to be a realistic approach for improving photosynthetic efficiency and crop yield. The rice sucrose transporters OsSUT1, OsSWEET11a and OsSWEET14 contribute to sucrose phloem loading and seed filling. Crucially, Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) infection in rice enhances the expression of OsSWEET11a and OsSWEET14 genes, and causes leaf blight. Here we show that co-overexpression of OsSUT1, OsSWEET11a and OsSWEET14 in rice reduced sucrose synthesis and transport leading to lower growth and yield but reduced susceptibility to Xoo relative to controls. The immunity-related hypersensitive response (HR) was enhanced in the transformed lines as indicated by the increased expression of defence genes, higher salicylic acid content and presence of HR lesions on the leaves. The results suggest that the increased expression of OsSWEET11a and OsSWEET14 in rice is perceived as a pathogen (Xoo) attack that triggers HR and results in constitutive activation of plant defences that are related to the signalling pathways of pathogen starvation. These findings provide a mechanistic basis for the trade-off between plant growth and immunity because decreased susceptibility against Xoo compromised plant growth and yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jitender Singh
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, India
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
| | - Donald James
- Forest Biotechnology Department, Kerala Forest Research Institute, Thrissur, Kerala, India
| | - Shubhashis Das
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Manish Kumar Patel
- Department of Postharvest Science of Fresh Produce, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO), Volcani Institute, Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | | | | | - Naveen Goel
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Malireddy K Reddy
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
| | - Gopaljee Jha
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Ramesh V Sonti
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Jitendra Kumar Thakur
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, India
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
| | - Baishnab C Tripathy
- Department of Biotechnology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Yang H, Wei Z, Wu Y, Zhang C, Lyu L, Wu W, Li W. Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Profiling Reveals the Variations in Carbohydrate Metabolism between Two Blueberry Cultivars. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:293. [PMID: 38203463 PMCID: PMC10778917 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Blueberry is a high-quality fruit tree with significant nutritional and economic value, but the intricate mechanism of sugar accumulation in its fruit remains unclear. In this study, the ripe fruits of blueberry cultivars 'Anna' and 'Misty' were utilized as experimental materials, and physiological and multi-omics methodologies were applied to analyze the regulatory mechanisms of the difference in sugar content between them. The results demonstrated that the 'Anna' fruit was smaller and had less hardness than the 'Misty' fruit, as well as higher sugar content, antioxidant capability, and lower active substance content. A total of 7067 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) (3674 up-regulated and 3393 down-regulated) and 140 differentially abundant metabolites (DAMs) (82 up-regulated and 58 down-regulated) were identified between the fruits of the two cultivars. According to KEGG analysis, DEGs were primarily abundant in phenylpropanoid synthesis and hormone signal transduction pathways, whereas DAMs were primarily enriched in ascorbate and aldarate metabolism, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, and the pentose phosphate pathway. A combined multi-omics study showed that 116 DEGs and 3 DAMs in starch and sucrose metabolism (48 DEGs and 1 DAM), glycolysis and gluconeogenesis (54 DEGs and 1 DAM), and the pentose phosphate pathway (14 DEGs and 1 DAM) were significantly enriched. These findings suggest that blueberries predominantly increase sugar accumulation by activating carbon metabolism network pathways. Moreover, we identified critical transcription factors linked to the sugar response. This study presents new understandings regarding the molecular mechanisms underlying blueberry sugar accumulation and will be helpful in improving blueberry fruit quality through breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nanjing Botanical Garden Mem. Sun Yat-Sen), Nanjing 210014, China; (H.Y.); (Y.W.); (C.Z.); (L.L.)
| | - Zhiwen Wei
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China;
| | - Yaqiong Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nanjing Botanical Garden Mem. Sun Yat-Sen), Nanjing 210014, China; (H.Y.); (Y.W.); (C.Z.); (L.L.)
| | - Chunhong Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nanjing Botanical Garden Mem. Sun Yat-Sen), Nanjing 210014, China; (H.Y.); (Y.W.); (C.Z.); (L.L.)
| | - Lianfei Lyu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nanjing Botanical Garden Mem. Sun Yat-Sen), Nanjing 210014, China; (H.Y.); (Y.W.); (C.Z.); (L.L.)
| | - Wenlong Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nanjing Botanical Garden Mem. Sun Yat-Sen), Nanjing 210014, China; (H.Y.); (Y.W.); (C.Z.); (L.L.)
| | - Weilin Li
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China;
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Zhang C, Zhang C, Xu X, Liao M, Tong N, Zhang Z, Chen Y, Xu Han X, Lin Y, Lai Z. Transcriptome analysis provides insight into the regulatory mechanisms underlying pollen germination recovery at normal high ambient temperature in wild banana ( Musa itinerans). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1255418. [PMID: 37822335 PMCID: PMC10562711 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1255418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Cultivated banana are polyploid, with low pollen fertility, and most cultivars are male sterile, which leads to difficulties in banana breeding research. The selection of male parent with excellent resistance and pollen fertility is therefore essential for banana breeding. Wild banana (Musa itinerans) have developed many good characteristics during natural selection and constitute an excellent gene pool for breeding. Therefore, research on wild banana breeding is very important for banana breeding. Results In the current analysis, we examined the changes in viability of wild banana pollens at different temperatures by in vitro germination, and found that the germination ability of wild banana pollens cultured at 28°C for 2 days was higher than that of pollens cultured at 23°C (pollens that could not germinate normally under low temperature stress), 24°C (cultured at a constant temperature for 2 days) and 32°C (cultured at a constant temperature for 2 days). To elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying the germination restoration process in wild banana pollens, we selected the wild banana pollens that had lost its germination ability under low temperature stress (23°C) as the control group (CK) and the wild banana pollens that had recovered its germination ability under constant temperature incubation of 28°C for 2 days as the treatment group (T) for transcriptome sequencing. A total of 921 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were detected in CK vs T, of which 265 were up-regulated and 656 were down-regulated. The combined analysis of Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) revealed that the activation, metabolism of various substances (lipids, sugars, amino acids) play a major role in restoring pollen germination capacity. TCA cycle and the sesquiterpenoid and triterpenoid biosynthetic pathways were also significantly enriched in the KEGG pathway. And we found that some DEGs may be associated with pollen wall formation, DNA methylation and DNA repair. The cysteine content, free fatty acid (FFA) content, H2O2 content, fructose content, and sucrose content of pollen were increased at treatment of 28°C, while D-Golactose content was decreased. Finally, the GO pathway was enriched for a total of 24 DEGs related to pollen germination, of which 16 DEGs received targeted regulation by 14 MYBs. Discussions Our study suggests that the balance between various metabolic processes, pollen wall remodelling, DNA methylation, DNA repairs and regulation of MYBs are essential for germination of wild banana pollens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyu Zhang
- Institute of Horticultural Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Chengyu Zhang
- Institute of Horticultural Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiaoqiong Xu
- Institute of Horticultural Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Minzhang Liao
- Institute of Horticultural Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ning Tong
- Institute of Horticultural Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zihao Zhang
- Institute of Horticultural Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yukun Chen
- Institute of Horticultural Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xu Xu Han
- Institute of Horticultural Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Institut de la Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Toulouse, IRIT-ARI, Toulouse, France
| | - Yuling Lin
- Institute of Horticultural Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhongxiong Lai
- Institute of Horticultural Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
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Yu JQ, Gu KD, Zhang LL, Sun CH, Zhang QY, Wang JH, Wang CK, Wang WY, Du MC, Hu DG. MdbHLH3 modulates apple soluble sugar content by activating phosphofructokinase gene expression. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 64:884-900. [PMID: 35199464 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Sugars are involved in plant growth, fruit quality, and signaling perception. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms involved in soluble sugar accumulation is essential to understand fruit development. Here, we report that MdPFPβ, a pyrophosphate-dependent phosphofructokinase gene, regulates soluble sugar accumulation by enhancing the photosynthetic performance and sugar-metabolizing enzyme activities in apple (Malus domestica Borkh.). Biochemical analysis revealed that a basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor, MdbHLH3, binds to the MdPFPβ promoter and activates its expression, thus promoting soluble sugar accumulation in apple fruit. In addition, MdPFPβ overexpression in tomato influenced photosynthesis and carbon metabolism in the plant. Furthermore, we determined that MdbHLH3 increases photosynthetic rates and soluble sugar accumulation in apple by activating MdPFPβ expression. Our results thus shed light on the mechanism of soluble sugar accumulation in apple leaves and fruit: MdbHLH3 regulates soluble sugar accumulation by activating MdPFPβ gene expression and coordinating carbohydrate allocation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Qiang Yu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Kai-Di Gu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Li-Li Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Cui-Hui Sun
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Quan-Yan Zhang
- College of Resources and Environment, Linyi University, Linyi, 276005, China
| | - Jia-Hui Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Chu-Kun Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Wen-Yan Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Meng-Chi Du
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Da-Gang Hu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
- MOA Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Germplasm Innovation, Tai'an, 271018, China
- Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Fruit and Vegetable Production with High Quality and Efficiency, Tai'an, 271018, China
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Sabbadini S, Capocasa F, Battino M, Mazzoni L, Mezzetti B. Improved nutritional quality in fruit tree species through traditional and biotechnological approaches. Trends Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2021.01.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Zou Y, Chen G, Jin J, Wang Y, Xu M, Peng J, Ding Y. Small RNA and Transcriptome Sequencing Reveals miRNA Regulation of Floral Thermogenesis in Nelumbo nucifera. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E3324. [PMID: 32397143 PMCID: PMC7246644 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21093324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The sacred lotus (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.) can produce heat autonomously and maintain a relatively stable floral chamber temperature for several days when blooming. Floral thermogenesis is critical for flower organ development and reproductive success. However, the regulatory role of microRNA (miRNA) underlying floral thermogenesis in N. nucifera remains unclear. To comprehensively understand the miRNA regulatory mechanism of thermogenesis, we performed small RNA sequencing and transcriptome sequencing on receptacles from five different developmental stages. In the present study, a total of 172 known miRNAs belonging to 39 miRNA families and 126 novel miRNAs were identified. Twenty-nine thermogenesis-related miRNAs and 3024 thermogenesis-related mRNAs were screened based on their expression patterns. Of those, seventeen differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) and 1765 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) had higher expression during thermogenic stages. The upregulated genes in the thermogenic stages were mainly associated with mitochondrial function, oxidoreductase activity, and the energy metabolism process. Further analysis showed that miR156_2, miR395a_5, miR481d, and miR319p may play an important role in heat-producing activity by regulating cellular respiration-related genes. This study provides comprehensive miRNA and mRNA expression profile of receptacle during thermogenesis in N. nucifera, which advances our understanding on the regulation of floral thermogenesis mediated by miRNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Department of Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; (Y.Z.); (G.C.); (J.J.); (Y.W.); (M.X.)
| | - Guanglong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Department of Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; (Y.Z.); (G.C.); (J.J.); (Y.W.); (M.X.)
| | - Jing Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Department of Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; (Y.Z.); (G.C.); (J.J.); (Y.W.); (M.X.)
| | - Ying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Department of Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; (Y.Z.); (G.C.); (J.J.); (Y.W.); (M.X.)
| | - Meiling Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Department of Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; (Y.Z.); (G.C.); (J.J.); (Y.W.); (M.X.)
| | - Jing Peng
- Institute of Vegetable, Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Science, Wuhan 430065, China;
| | - Yi Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Department of Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; (Y.Z.); (G.C.); (J.J.); (Y.W.); (M.X.)
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Muchut RJ, Piattoni CV, Margarit E, Tripodi KEJ, Podestá FE, Iglesias AA. Heterologous expression and kinetic characterization of the α, β and αβ blend of the PPi-dependent phosphofructokinase from Citrus sinensis. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 280:348-354. [PMID: 30824014 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2018.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Revised: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
This work reports the molecular cloning and heterologous expression of the genes coding for α and β subunits of pyrophosphate-dependent phosphofructokinase (PPi-PFK) from orange. When expressed individually, both recombinant subunits were produced as highly purified monomeric proteins able to phosphorylate fructose-6-phosphate at the expenses of PPi (specific activity of 0.075 and 0.017 units. mg-1 for α and β subunits, respectively). On the other hand, co-expression rendered a α3β3 hexamer with specific activity three orders of magnitude higher than the single subunits. All the conformations of the enzyme were characterized with respect to its kinetic properties and sensitivity to the regulator fructose-2,6-bisphosphate. A thorough review of current knowledge on the matter indicates that this is the first report of the recombinant production of active plant PPi-PFK and the characterization of its different conformations. This is a main contribution for future studies focused to better understand the enzyme properties and how it accomplishes its relevant role in plant metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robertino J Muchut
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral (IAL, CONICET-UNL) & FBCB, Centro Científico Tecnológico CONICET Santa Fe, Colectora Ruta Nac. Nº 168 km. 0, Paraje El Pozo, S3000ZAA, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Claudia V Piattoni
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral (IAL, CONICET-UNL) & FBCB, Centro Científico Tecnológico CONICET Santa Fe, Colectora Ruta Nac. Nº 168 km. 0, Paraje El Pozo, S3000ZAA, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Ezequiel Margarit
- Centro de Estudios Fotosintéticos y Bioquímicos and Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario (CEFOBI, CONICET-UNR), Suipacha 531, 2000, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Karina E J Tripodi
- Centro de Estudios Fotosintéticos y Bioquímicos and Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario (CEFOBI, CONICET-UNR), Suipacha 531, 2000, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Florencio E Podestá
- Centro de Estudios Fotosintéticos y Bioquímicos and Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario (CEFOBI, CONICET-UNR), Suipacha 531, 2000, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Alberto A Iglesias
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral (IAL, CONICET-UNL) & FBCB, Centro Científico Tecnológico CONICET Santa Fe, Colectora Ruta Nac. Nº 168 km. 0, Paraje El Pozo, S3000ZAA, Santa Fe, Argentina.
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Elevated carbon dioxide and drought modulate physiology and storage-root development in sweet potato by regulating microRNAs. Funct Integr Genomics 2018; 19:171-190. [PMID: 30244303 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-018-0635-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Revised: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Elevated CO2 along with drought is a serious global threat to crop productivity. Therefore, understanding the molecular mechanisms plants use to protect these stresses is the key for plant growth and development. In this study, we mimicked natural stress conditions under a controlled Soil-Plant-Atmosphere-Research (SPAR) system and provided the evidence for how miRNAs regulate target genes under elevated CO2 and drought conditions. Significant physiological and biomass data supported the effective utilization of source-sink (leaf to root) under elevated CO2. Additionally, elevated CO2 partially rescued the effect of drought on total biomass. We identified both known and novel miRNAs differentially expressed during drought, CO2, and combined stress, along with putative targets. A total of 32 conserved miRNAs belonged to 23 miRNA families, and 25 novel miRNAs were identified by deep sequencing. Using the existing sweet potato genome database and stringent analyses, a total of 42 and 22 potential target genes were predicted for the conserved and novel miRNAs, respectively. These target genes are involved in drought response, hormone signaling, photosynthesis, carbon fixation, sucrose and starch metabolism, etc. Gene ontology and KEGG ontology functional enrichment revealed that these miRNAs might target transcription factors (MYB, TCP, NAC), hormone signaling regulators (ARF, AP2/ERF), cold and drought factors (corA), carbon metabolism (ATP synthase, fructose-1,6-bisphosphate), and photosynthesis (photosystem I and II complex units). Our study is the first report identifying targets of miRNAs under elevated CO2 levels and could support the molecular mechanisms under elevated CO2 in sweet potato and other crops in the future.
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Duan E, Wang Y, Liu L, Zhu J, Zhong M, Zhang H, Li S, Ding B, Zhang X, Guo X, Jiang L, Wan J. Pyrophosphate: fructose-6-phosphate 1-phosphotransferase (PFP) regulates carbon metabolism during grain filling in rice. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2016; 35:1321-31. [PMID: 26993329 PMCID: PMC4869756 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-016-1964-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2015] [Accepted: 02/27/2016] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Decreased PFPase activity in rice perturbs the equilibration of carbon metabolism during grain filling but has no visible phenotypic effects during the vegetative and reproductive growth stages. Starch is a primary energy reserve for various metabolic processes in plant. Despite much advance has been achieved in pathways involved in starch biosynthesis, information was still lacked for precise regulation related to carbon metabolism during seed filling in rice (Oryza sativa). The objective of this study was to identify and characterize new gene associated with carbon metabolism during grain filling. By screening our chemical mutant pool, two allelic mutants exhibiting floury endosperm were isolated. No visible phenotypic defects were observed during both the vegetative and reproductive growth stages, except for the floury-like endosperm of grains with significantly reduced kernel thickness, 1000-grain weight and total starch content. Map-based cloning revealed that the mutant phenotypes were controlled by a gene encoding pyrophosphate: fructose-6-phosphate 1-phosphotransferase (PFP, EC 2.7.1.90) β subunit (PFPβ), which catalyzes reversible interconversion between fructose-6-phosphate and fructose-1, 6-bisphosphate. The identity of PFP β was further confirmed by a genetic complementation test. Subcellular analysis demonstrated that PFPβ was localized in cytoplasm. Quantitative PCR and histochemical staining indicated PFP β was ubiquitously expressed in various tissues. Furthermore, we found PFP β could express in both the early and late phases of starch accumulation during grain filling and decreased activity of PFP β in pfp mutants resulted in compromised carbon metabolism with increased soluble sugar contents and unfavorable starch biosynthesis. Our results highlight PFPβ functions in modulating carbon metabolism during grain filling stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erchao Duan
- National Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yihua Wang
- National Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Linglong Liu
- National Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Jianping Zhu
- National Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Mingsheng Zhong
- National Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Huan Zhang
- National Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Sanfeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Baoxu Ding
- National Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Xiuping Guo
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Ling Jiang
- National Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Jianmin Wan
- National Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
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Rai MK, Shekhawat NS. Recent advances in genetic engineering for improvement of fruit crops. PLANT CELL, TISSUE AND ORGAN CULTURE (PCTOC) 2014; 116:1-15. [PMID: 0 DOI: 10.1007/s11240-013-0389-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2013] [Accepted: 09/30/2013] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
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Abstract
Genetic transformation has emerged as a powerful tool for genetic improvement of fruit trees hindered by their reproductive biology and their high levels of heterozygosity. For years, genetic engineering of fruit trees has focussed principally on enhancing disease resistance (against viruses, fungi, and bacteria), although there are few examples of field cultivation and commercial application of these transgenic plants. In addition, over the years much work has been performed to enhance abiotic stress tolerance, to induce modifications of plant growth and habit, to produce marker-free transgenic plants and to improve fruit quality by modification of genes that are crucially important in the production of specific plant components. Recently, with the release of several genome sequences, studies of functional genomics are becoming increasingly important: by modification (overexpression or silencing) of genes involved in the production of specific plant components is possible to uncover regulatory mechanisms associated with the biosynthesis and catabolism of metabolites in plants. This review focuses on the main advances, in recent years, in genetic transformation of the most important species of fruit trees, devoting particular attention to functional genomics approaches and possible future challenges of genetic engineering for these species in the post-genomic era.
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Gambino G, Gribaudo I. Genetic transformation of fruit trees: current status and remaining challenges. Transgenic Res 2012; 21:1163-81. [DOI: 10.1007/s11248-012-9602-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2011] [Accepted: 02/14/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Cronje C, George GM, Fernie AR, Bekker J, Kossmann J, Bauer R. Manipulation of L-ascorbic acid biosynthesis pathways in Solanum lycopersicum: elevated GDP-mannose pyrophosphorylase activity enhances L-ascorbate levels in red fruit. PLANTA 2012; 235:553-64. [PMID: 21979413 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-011-1525-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2011] [Accepted: 09/12/2011] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Ascorbate (AsA) plays a fundamental role in redox homeostasis in plants and animals, primarily by scavenging reactive oxygen species. Three genes, representing diverse steps putatively involved in plant AsA biosynthesis pathways, were cloned and independently expressed in Solanum lycopersicum (tomato) under the control of the CaMV 35S promoter. Yeast-derived GDP-mannose pyrophosphorylase (GMPase) and arabinono-1,4-lactone oxidase (ALO), as well as myo-inositol oxygenase 2 (MIOX2) from Arabidopsis thaliana, were targeted. Increases in GMPase activity were concomitant with increased AsA levels of up to 70% in leaves, 50% in green fruit, and 35% in red fruit. Expression of ALO significantly pulled biosynthetic flux towards AsA in leaves and green fruit by up to 54 and 25%, respectively. Changes in AsA content in plants transcribing the MIOX2 gene were inconsistent in different tissue. On the other hand, MIOX activity was strongly correlated with cell wall uronic acid levels, suggesting that MIOX may be a useful tool for the manipulation of cell wall composition. In conclusion, the Smirnoff-Wheeler pathway showed great promise as a target for biotechnological manipulation of ascorbate levels in tomato.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christelle Cronje
- Genetics Department, Institute for Plant Biotechnology, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa
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