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Chan LS, Liu J, Li MSC, Li L, Tao Q, Mok TSK. Selenite as a dual apoptotic and ferroptotic agent synergizes with EGFR and KRAS inhibitors with epigenetic interference. Clin Epigenetics 2023; 15:36. [PMID: 36864513 PMCID: PMC9983273 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-023-01454-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Selenium, an essential trace element, has previously been investigated as a pro-apoptotic and DNA demethylation agent. It sensitizes the response to chemotherapy in patients who were refractory to cytotoxic agents. Meanwhile, ferroptosis is a novel approach to cancer treatment by triggering cell death and reversing drug resistance. The role of selenium in treating cancer cells harboring druggable oncogenic alterations and its underlying mechanism are largely unknown. RESULTS We treated lung adenocarcinoma cell lines-EGFR-mutant H1975 (H1975 EGFR p.L858R and p.T790M) and KRAS-mutant H358 (H358 KRAS p.G12C), with sodium selenite to examine its effect on cell apoptosis, ferroptosis, and DNA methylation, as well as its interaction with existing targeted therapy, osimertinib, and adagrasib. We observed selenite to be a dual apoptotic and ferroptotic agent on lung cancer cells, associated with the activation of p38-ATF4-DDIT3 axis in the unfolded protein response. Ferroptosis induction was more remarkable in H1975 than H358. Selenite also altered cellular DNA methylation machinery through downregulating DNMT1 and upregulating TET1, though not as a major mechanism of its activity. Low-dose selenite synergized with osimertinib in EGFR-mutant H1975, and with adagrasib in KRAS-mutant H358, with stronger synergism observed in H1975. CONCLUSION These results suggest that selenite is a potential apoptotic and ferroptotic drug candidate for the treatment of especially EGFR- and potentially KRAS-mutant lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lok Seng Chan
- Cancer Epigenetics Laboratory, Department of Clinical Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Sir YK Pao Center for Cancer and Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Room 315, Sir Yue-Kong Pao Center for Cancer, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Johnson Liu
- Cancer Epigenetics Laboratory, Department of Clinical Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Sir YK Pao Center for Cancer and Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Room 315, Sir Yue-Kong Pao Center for Cancer, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Molly S C Li
- Cancer Epigenetics Laboratory, Department of Clinical Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Sir YK Pao Center for Cancer and Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Room 315, Sir Yue-Kong Pao Center for Cancer, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Lili Li
- Cancer Epigenetics Laboratory, Department of Clinical Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Sir YK Pao Center for Cancer and Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Room 315, Sir Yue-Kong Pao Center for Cancer, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Qian Tao
- Cancer Epigenetics Laboratory, Department of Clinical Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Sir YK Pao Center for Cancer and Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Room 315, Sir Yue-Kong Pao Center for Cancer, Shatin, Hong Kong.
| | - Tony S K Mok
- Cancer Epigenetics Laboratory, Department of Clinical Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Sir YK Pao Center for Cancer and Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Room 315, Sir Yue-Kong Pao Center for Cancer, Shatin, Hong Kong
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Biological Activity of Selenium and Its Impact on Human Health. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032633. [PMID: 36768955 PMCID: PMC9917223 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Selenium (Se) is a naturally occurring metalloid element essential to human and animal health in trace amounts but it is harmful in excess. Se plays a substantial role in the functioning of the human organism. It is incorporated into selenoproteins, thus supporting antioxidant defense systems. Selenoproteins participate in the metabolism of thyroid hormones, control reproductive functions and exert neuroprotective effects. Among the elements, Se has one of the narrowest ranges between dietary deficiency and toxic levels. Its level of toxicity may depend on chemical form, as inorganic and organic species have distinct biological properties. Over the last decades, optimization of population Se intake for the prevention of diseases related to Se deficiency or excess has been recognized as a pressing issue in modern healthcare worldwide. Low selenium status has been associated with an increased risk of mortality, poor immune function, cognitive decline, and thyroid dysfunction. On the other hand, Se concentrations slightly above its nutritional levels have been shown to have adverse effects on a broad spectrum of neurological functions and to increase the risk of type-2 diabetes. Comprehension of the selenium biochemical pathways under normal physiological conditions is therefore an important issue to elucidate its effect on human diseases. This review gives an overview of the role of Se in human health highlighting the effects of its deficiency and excess in the body. The biological activity of Se, mainly performed through selenoproteins, and its epigenetic effect is discussed. Moreover, a brief overview of selenium phytoremediation and rhizofiltration approaches is reported.
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Zhang Y, He Q. The role of SELENBP1 and its epigenetic regulation in carcinogenic progression. Front Genet 2022; 13:1027726. [PMID: 36386843 PMCID: PMC9663989 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.1027726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The initiation and progression of cancer is modulated through diverse genetic and epigenetic modifications. The epigenetic machinery regulates gene expression through intertwined DNA methylation, histone modifications, and miRNAs without affecting their genome sequences. SELENBP1 belongs to selenium-binding proteins and functions as a tumor suppressor. Its expression is significantly downregulated and correlates with carcinogenic progression and poor survival in various cancers. The role of SELENBP1 in carcinogenesis has not been fully elucidated, and its epigenetic regulation remains poorly understood. In this review, we summarize recent findings on the function and regulatory mechanisms of SELENBP1 during carcinogenic progression, with an emphasis on epigenetic mechanisms. We also discuss the potential cancer treatment targeting epigenetic modification of SELENBP1, either alone or in combination with selenium-containing compounds or dietary selenium.
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Zhang H, Xu Z, Zhang J, Wei D, Liu K, Hu W, Wang J. Disordered serum essential element levels are associated with increased risk of kidney tumors. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:31675-31685. [PMID: 35013964 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-18201-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Essential elements play vital roles in the regulation of carcinogenesis. We aimed to investigate the relationship between essential elements and kidney tumors. This study included 72 healthy individuals and 100 kidney tumor patients. The concentrations of cobalt (Co), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), nickel (Ni), selenium (Se), and zinc (Zn) were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The random forest model was used to evaluate the importance of each variable by using the randomForest package. The associations between essential elements and clinical tumor characteristics were examined by the Mann-Whitney U-test, and the log-rank test was used to assess the Kaplan-Meier curves. The levels of Co, Cr, Fe, Mn, Ni, and Zn in patients with kidney tumors were significantly lower. In the random forest model, the top two metallic features were Co and Zn. The Kaplan-Meier curve showed that patients with lower Co, Se, and Zn levels exhibited lower progression-free survival. In summary, this study gathered evidence that disordered essential elements are associated with kidney tumors and thus opens a new path to elucidate the etiology of kidney tumors from the perspective of environmental health and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhang
- Department of Urology, Shandong Qianfoshan Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250013, Shandong, China
| | - Zhipeng Xu
- Department of Urology, Shandong Qianfoshan Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250013, Shandong, China
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Medicine and Health Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation and Nephrosis, Shandong Institute of Nephrology, Jinan, 250013, Shandong, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250014, Shandong, China
- Biomedical Sciences College & Shandong Medicinal Biotechnology Centre, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250117, Shandong, China
| | - Dan Wei
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Key Laboratory of Rheumatic Disease and Translational Medicine, Shandong Institute of Nephrology, Jinan, 250013, Shandong, China
| | - Kai Liu
- Department of Urology, Shandong Qianfoshan Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250013, Shandong, China
| | - Wenxin Hu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Medicine and Health Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation and Nephrosis, Shandong Institute of Nephrology, Jinan, 250013, Shandong, China
| | - Jianning Wang
- Department of Urology, Shandong Qianfoshan Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250013, Shandong, China.
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Medicine and Health Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation and Nephrosis, Shandong Institute of Nephrology, Jinan, 250013, Shandong, China.
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Liang ZZ, Zhang YX, Zhu RM, Li YL, Jiang HM, Li RB, Chen QX, Wang Q, Tang LY, Ren ZF. Identification of epigenetic modifications mediating the antagonistic effect of selenium against cadmium-induced breast carcinogenesis. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:22056-22068. [PMID: 34773240 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-17355-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The antagonistic effect of selenium (Se) against cadmium (Cd)-induced breast carcinogenesis was reported, but underlying mechanisms were unclear. The aim of this study was to identify the epigenetically regulated genes and biological pathways mediating the antagonistic effect. We exposed MCF-7 cells to Cd and Se alone or simultaneously. Cell proliferation was assessed by MTT assay, and differential epigenome (DNA methylation, microRNA, and long non-coding RNA) was obtained by microarrays. We cross-verified the epigenetic markers with differential transcriptome, and the ones modulated by Cd and Se in opposite directions were regarded to mediate the antagonistic effect. The epigenetically regulated genes were validated by using gene expression data in human breast tissues. We further assessed the biological functions of these validated genes. Our results showed that Se alleviated the proliferative effect of Cd on MCF-7 cell. A total of 10 epigenetically regulated genes were regarded to mediate the antagonistic effect, including APBA2, KIAA0895, DHX35, CPEB3, SVIL, MYLK, ZFYVE28, ABLIM2, GRB10, and PCDH9. Biological function analyses suggested that these epigenetically regulated genes were involved in multiple cancer-related pathways, such as focal adhesion and PI3K/Akt pathway. In conclusion, we provided evidence that Se antagonized the Cd-induced breast carcinogenesis via epigenetic modification and revealed the critical pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo-Zhi Liang
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Yi-Xin Zhang
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Rui-Mei Zhu
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Yue-Lin Li
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Hong-Mei Jiang
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Ruo-Bi Li
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Qian-Xin Chen
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Qing Wang
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Lu-Ying Tang
- The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Ze-Fang Ren
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
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Liang ZZ, Zhu RM, Li YL, Jiang HM, Li RB, Wang Q, Tang LY, Ren ZF. Differential epigenetic profiles induced by sodium selenite in breast cancer cells. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2021; 64:126677. [PMID: 33246299 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2020.126677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Selenium (Se) was a potential anticancer micronutrient with proposed epigenetic effect. However, the Se-induced epigenome in breast cancer cells was yet to be studied. METHODS The profiles of DNA methylation, microRNA (miRNA), long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), and message RNA (mRNA) in breast cancer cells treated with sodium selenite were examined by microarrays. We verified the epigenetic modifications by integrating their predicted target genes and differentially expressed mRNAs. The epigenetically regulated genes were further validated in a breast cancer cohort by associating with tumor progression. We conducted a series of bioinformatics analyses to assess the biological function of these validated genes and identified the critical genes. RESULTS The Se-induced epigenome regulated the expression of 959 genes, and 349 of them were further validated in the breast cancer cohort. Biological function analyses suggested that these validated genes were enriched in several cancer-related pathways, such as PI3K/Akt and metabolic pathways. Based on the degrees of expression change, hazard ratio difference, and connectivity, NEDD4L and FMO5 were identified as the critical genes. CONCLUSIONS These results confirmed the epigenetic effects of sodium selenite and revealed the epigenetic profiles in breast cancer cells, which would help understand the mechanisms of Se against breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo-Zhi Liang
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Rui-Mei Zhu
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yue-Lin Li
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Hong-Mei Jiang
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Ruo-Bi Li
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Qing Wang
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Lu-Ying Tang
- The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China.
| | - Ze-Fang Ren
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
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Beetch M, Harandi-Zadeh S, Shen K, Lubecka K, Kitts DD, O'Hagan HM, Stefanska B. Dietary antioxidants remodel DNA methylation patterns in chronic disease. Br J Pharmacol 2019; 177:1382-1408. [PMID: 31626338 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic diseases account for over 60% of all deaths worldwide according to the World Health Organization reports. Majority of cases are triggered by environmental exposures that lead to aberrant changes in the epigenome, specifically, the DNA methylation patterns. These changes result in altered expression of gene networks and activity of signalling pathways. Dietary antioxidants, including catechins, flavonoids, anthocyanins, stilbenes and carotenoids, demonstrate benefits in the prevention and/or support of therapy in chronic diseases. This review provides a comprehensive discussion of potential epigenetic mechanisms of antioxidant compounds in reversing altered patterns of DNA methylation in chronic disease. Antioxidants remodel the DNA methylation patterns through multiple mechanisms, including regulation of epigenetic enzymes and chromatin remodelling complexes. These effects can further contribute to antioxidant properties of the compounds. On the other hand, decrease in oxidative stress itself can impact DNA methylation delivering additional link between antioxidant mechanisms and epigenetic effects of the compounds. LINKED ARTICLES: This article is part of a themed section on The Pharmacology of Nutraceuticals. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v177.6/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan Beetch
- Food, Nutrition and Health Program, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Sadaf Harandi-Zadeh
- Food, Nutrition and Health Program, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Kate Shen
- Food, Nutrition and Health Program, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Katarzyna Lubecka
- Department of Biomedical Chemistry, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - David D Kitts
- Food, Nutrition and Health Program, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Heather M O'Hagan
- Cell, Molecular and Cancer Biology, Medical Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Bloomington, Indiana, USA
| | - Barbara Stefanska
- Food, Nutrition and Health Program, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Sasso A, Latella G. Dietary components that counteract the increased risk of colorectal cancer related to red meat consumption. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2017; 69:536-548. [PMID: 29096565 DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2017.1393503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Western-style diets are associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). In particular, a strong correlation has been documented between CRC and the consumption of large amounts of red meat, especially processed red meat. Compared with white meat, red meat contains high levels of haem iron, a molecule that can exert a variety of genotoxic and other adverse effects on the colonic epithelium. According to current international guidelines, the reduction of red meat intake combined with the consumption of food containing antioxidant and chemoprotective substances may significantly reduce the risk of developing CRC. The dietary strategies that can help to contrast the harmful effects of haem iron are reported and discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arianna Sasso
- a Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Life, Health, and Environmental Sciences , University of L'Aquila , L'Aquila , Italy
| | - Giovanni Latella
- a Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Life, Health, and Environmental Sciences , University of L'Aquila , L'Aquila , Italy
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Abstract
Chemopreventive activity of selenium (Se) may influence epigenome. In this review, we have discussed two aspects of Se and epigenetics in cancer, related to (1) the association between Se and epigenetic regulation in cancer development and prevention; (2) epigenetic modification of selenoprotein-encoding genes in different cancers. In both issues, we focused on DNA methylation as the most investigated epigenetic mechanism. The existing evidence from experimental data in human cancer cell lines, rodents, and human studies in cancer-free subjects indicates that: high Se exposure leads to the inhibition of DNA methyltransferase expression/activity; the association between Se and global methylation remains unclear and requires further investigation with respect to the underlying mechanisms and possible nonlinear character of this relationship; Se affects methylation of specific tumor suppressor genes, possibly in a sex-dependent manner; and cancer phenotype is often characterized by altered methylation of selenoprotein-encoding genes, mainly glutathione peroxidase 3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Jabłońska
- Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland.
| | - Edyta Reszka
- Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland
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Ramos-Lopez O, Milagro FI, Allayee H, Chmurzynska A, Choi MS, Curi R, De Caterina R, Ferguson LR, Goni L, Kang JX, Kohlmeier M, Marti A, Moreno LA, Pérusse L, Prasad C, Qi L, Reifen R, Riezu-Boj JI, San-Cristobal R, Santos JL, Martínez JA. Guide for Current Nutrigenetic, Nutrigenomic, and Nutriepigenetic Approaches for Precision Nutrition Involving the Prevention and Management of Chronic Diseases Associated with Obesity. JOURNAL OF NUTRIGENETICS AND NUTRIGENOMICS 2017; 10:43-62. [PMID: 28689206 DOI: 10.1159/000477729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Chronic diseases, including obesity, are major causes of morbidity and mortality in most countries. The adverse impacts of obesity and associated comorbidities on health remain a major concern due to the lack of effective interventions for prevention and management. Precision nutrition is an emerging therapeutic approach that takes into account an individual's genetic and epigenetic information, as well as age, gender, or particular physiopathological status. Advances in genomic sciences are contributing to a better understanding of the role of genetic variants and epigenetic signatures as well as gene expression patterns in the development of diverse chronic conditions, and how they may modify therapeutic responses. This knowledge has led to the search for genetic and epigenetic biomarkers to predict the risk of developing chronic diseases and personalizing their prevention and treatment. Additionally, original nutritional interventions based on nutrients and bioactive dietary compounds that can modify epigenetic marks and gene expression have been implemented. Although caution must be exercised, these scientific insights are paving the way for the design of innovative strategies for the control of chronic diseases accompanying obesity. This document provides a number of examples of the huge potential of understanding nutrigenetic, nutrigenomic, and nutriepigenetic roles in precision nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Ramos-Lopez
- Department of Molecular Biology in Medicine, Civil Hospital of Guadalajara "Fray Antonio Alcalde" and Health Sciences University Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
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Abstract
Alterations of epigenetic marks are linked to normal development and cellular differentiation as well as to the progression of common chronic diseases. The plasticity of these marks provides potential for disease therapies and prevention strategies. Macro- and micro-nutrients have been shown to modulate disease risk in part via effects on the epigenome. The essential micronutrient selenium affects human health outcomes, e.g., cancers, cardiovascular and autoimmune diseases, via selenoproteins and through a range of biologically active dietary selenocompounds and metabolism products thereof. This review provides an assessment of the current literature regarding epigenetic effects of dietary and synthetic selenocompounds, which include the modulation of marks and editors of epigenetic information and interference with one-carbon metabolism, which provides the methyl donor for DNA methylation. The relevance of a selenium-epigenome interaction for human health is discussed, and we also indicate where future studies will be helpful to gain a deeper understanding of epigenetic effects elicited by selenium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bodo Speckmann
- a German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke ; Department of Molecular Toxicology ; Nuthetal , Germany
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Huang CZ, Yu T, Chen QK. DNA Methylation Dynamics During Differentiation, Proliferation, and Tumorigenesis in the Intestinal Tract. Stem Cells Dev 2015; 24:2733-9. [PMID: 26413818 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2015.0235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA methylation, an epigenetic control mechanism in mammals, is widely present in the intestinal tract during the differentiation and proliferation of epithelial cells. Cells in stem cell pools or villi have different patterns of DNA methylation. The process of DNA methylation is dynamic and occurs at many relevant regulatory elements during the rapid transition of stem cells into fully mature, differentiated epithelial cells. Changes in DNA methylation patterns most often take place in enhancer and promoter regions and are associated with transcription factor binding. During differentiation, enhancer regions associated with genes important to enterocyte differentiation are demethylated, activating gene expression. Abnormal patterns of DNA methylation during differentiation and proliferation in the intestinal tract can lead to the formation of aberrant crypt foci and destroy the barrier and absorptive functions of the intestinal epithelium. Accumulation of these epigenetic changes may even result in tumorigenesis. In the current review, we discuss recent findings on the association between DNA methylation and cell differentiation and proliferation in the small intestine and highlight the possible links between dysregulation of this process and tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can-Ze Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi-Kui Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
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Bermingham EN, Hesketh JE, Sinclair BR, Koolaard JP, Roy NC. Selenium-enriched foods are more effective at increasing glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity compared with selenomethionine: a meta-analysis. Nutrients 2014; 6:4002-31. [PMID: 25268836 PMCID: PMC4210904 DOI: 10.3390/nu6104002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2014] [Revised: 08/20/2014] [Accepted: 08/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Selenium may play a beneficial role in multi-factorial illnesses with genetic and environmental linkages via epigenetic regulation in part via glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity. A meta-analysis was undertaken to quantify the effects of dietary selenium supplementation on the activity of overall GPx activity in different tissues and animal species and to compare the effectiveness of different forms of dietary selenium. GPx activity response was affected by both the dose and form of selenium (p < 0.001). There were differences between tissues on the effects of selenium supplementation on GPx activity (p < 0.001); however, there was no evidence in the data of differences between animal species (p = 0.95). The interactions between dose and tissue, animal species and form were significant (p < 0.001). Tissues particularly sensitive to changes in selenium supply include red blood cells, kidney and muscle. The meta-analysis identified that for animal species selenium-enriched foods were more effective than selenomethionine at increasing GPx activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma N Bermingham
- Food Nutrition & Health, Food & Bio-based Products, AgResearch Grasslands, Private Bag 11008, Tennent Drive, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand.
| | - John E Hesketh
- Institute for Cell & Molecular Biosciences, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, Newcastle NE2 4HH, UK.
| | - Bruce R Sinclair
- Food Nutrition & Health, Food & Bio-based Products, AgResearch Grasslands, Private Bag 11008, Tennent Drive, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand.
| | - John P Koolaard
- Bioinformatics & Statistics AgResearch Grasslands, Private Bag 11008, Tennent Drive, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand.
| | - Nicole C Roy
- Food Nutrition & Health, Food & Bio-based Products, AgResearch Grasslands, Private Bag 11008, Tennent Drive, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand.
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Ahmed HH, Khalil WKB, Hamza AH. Molecular mechanisms of Nano-selenium in mitigating hepatocellular carcinoma induced byN-nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA) in rats. Toxicol Mech Methods 2014; 24:593-602. [DOI: 10.3109/15376516.2014.956912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Barrera LN, Johnson IT, Bao Y, Cassidy A, Belshaw NJ. Colorectal cancer cells Caco-2 and HCT116 resist epigenetic effects of isothiocyanates and selenium in vitro. Eur J Nutr 2012; 52:1327-41. [PMID: 22923034 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-012-0442-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2012] [Accepted: 08/10/2012] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE It is relatively unknown how different dietary components, in partnership, regulate gene expression linked to colon pathology. It has been suggested that the combination of various bioactive components present in a plant-based diet is crucial for their potential anticancer activities. This study employed a combinatorial chemopreventive strategy to investigate the impact of selenium and/or isothiocyanates on DNA methylation processes in colorectal carcinoma cell lines. METHODS To gain insights into the epigenetic-mediated changes in gene expression in response to these dietary constituents cultured Caco-2 and HCT116 cells were exposed for up to 12 days to different concentrations of selenium methylselenocysteine and selenite (ranging from 0.2 to 5 μM) either alone or in combination with sulforaphane and iberin (ranging from 6 to 8 μM), and changes to gene-specific (p16(INK4A) and ESR1), global (LINE-1) methylation and DNMT expression were quantified using real-time PCR-based assays. RESULTS No effects on the methylation of CpG islands in ESR1, p16(INK4A) or of LINE-1, a marker of global genomic methylation, were observed after exposure of Caco-2 and HCT116 cells to selenium or isothiocyanates. Only transient changes in DNMT mRNA expression, which occurred mostly in the treatment groups containing isothiocyanates, were observed, and these occurred only for specific DNMT transcripts and did not lead to the modification of the aberrant methylation status present in these cells. CONCLUSION These data suggest that treatment for colon cancer cells with selenium and/or isothiocyanates, either individually or in combination does not impact abnormal methylation patterns of key genes involved in the complex multistep process of colon carcinogenesis in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lawrence N Barrera
- Department of Nutrition, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
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Schnekenburger M, Diederich M. Epigenetics Offer New Horizons for Colorectal Cancer Prevention. CURRENT COLORECTAL CANCER REPORTS 2012. [PMID: 22389639 DOI: 10.1007/s11888-011-0116-z116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence has been increasing to become a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide from cancers, with high rates in westernized societies and increasing rates in developing countries. Epigenetic modifications including changes in DNA methylation, histone modifications, and non-coding RNAs play a critical role in carcinogenesis. Epidemiological data suggest that, in comparison to other cancers, these alterations are particularly common within the gastrointestinal tract. To explain these observations, environmental factors and especially diet were suggested to both prevent and induce CRC. Epigenetic alterations are, in contrast to genetic modifications, potentially reversible, making the use of dietary agents a promising approach in CRC for the development of chemopreventive strategies targeting epigenetic mechanisms. This review focuses on CRC-related epigenetic alterations as a rationale for various levels of prevention strategies and their potential modulation by natural dietary compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Schnekenburger
- Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire de Cancer, Hôpital Kirchberg, 9, rue Edward Steichen, L-2540 Luxembourg, Luxembourg
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Abstract
In recent years, colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence has been increasing to become a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide from cancers, with high rates in westernized societies and increasing rates in developing countries. Epigenetic modifications including changes in DNA methylation, histone modifications, and non-coding RNAs play a critical role in carcinogenesis. Epidemiological data suggest that, in comparison to other cancers, these alterations are particularly common within the gastrointestinal tract. To explain these observations, environmental factors and especially diet were suggested to both prevent and induce CRC. Epigenetic alterations are, in contrast to genetic modifications, potentially reversible, making the use of dietary agents a promising approach in CRC for the development of chemopreventive strategies targeting epigenetic mechanisms. This review focuses on CRC-related epigenetic alterations as a rationale for various levels of prevention strategies and their potential modulation by natural dietary compounds.
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Abstract
Dietary exposures can have consequences for health years or decades later and this raises questions about the mechanisms through which such exposures are 'remembered' and how they result in altered disease risk. There is growing evidence that epigenetic mechanisms may mediate the effects of nutrition and may be causal for the development of common complex (or chronic) diseases. Epigenetics encompasses changes to marks on the genome (and associated cellular machinery) that are copied from one cell generation to the next, which may alter gene expression, but which do not involve changes in the primary DNA sequence. These include three distinct, but closely inter-acting, mechanisms including DNA methylation, histone modifications and non-coding microRNAs (miRNA) which, together, are responsible for regulating gene expression not only during cellular differentiation in embryonic and foetal development but also throughout the life-course. This review summarizes the growing evidence that numerous dietary factors, including micronutrients and non-nutrient dietary components such as genistein and polyphenols, can modify epigenetic marks. In some cases, for example, effects of altered dietary supply of methyl donors on DNA methylation, there are plausible explanations for the observed epigenetic changes, but to a large extent, the mechanisms responsible for diet-epigenome-health relationships remain to be discovered. In addition, relatively little is known about which epigenomic marks are most labile in response to dietary exposures. Given the plasticity of epigenetic marks and their responsiveness to dietary factors, there is potential for the development of epigenetic marks as biomarkers of health for use in intervention studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A McKay
- Human Nutrition Research Centre, Institute for Ageing and Health, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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