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Fu Y, Wang S, Hao Y, Li D, Ren L, Wang Z, Chen R, Tang W, Shen X, Ni W, Shi Y, Zhu M, Shao Y, Liu Y. Amino acid substitution of the membrane-proximal external region alter neutralization sensitivity in a chronic HIV-1 clade B infected patient. Virus Res 2024; 345:199377. [PMID: 38643858 PMCID: PMC11067532 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2024.199377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
The membrane-proximal external region (MPER) represents a highly conserved region of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) envelope glycoprotein (env) targeted by several broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs). In this study, we employed single genome amplification to amplify 34 full-length env sequences from the 2005 plasma sample of CBJC504, a chronic HIV-1 clade B infected individual. We identified three amino acid changes (N671S, D674N, and K677R) in the MPER. A longitudinal analysis revealed that the proportion of env sequences with MPER mutations increased from 26.5 % in 2005 to 56.0 % in 2009, and the sequences with the same mutation clustered together. Nine functional pseudoviruses were generated from the 34 env sequences to examine the effect of these mutations on neutralizing activity. Pseudoviruses carrying N674 or R677 mutations demonstrate increased sensitivity to autologous plasma and monoclonal antibodies 2F5, 4E10, and 10E8. Reverse mutations were performed in env including N674, R677, D659, and S671/N677 mutations, to validate the impact of the mutations on neutralizing sensitivity. Neutralization assays indicated that the N671S mutation increased neutralization sensitivity to 2F5 and 10E8. The amino acid R at position 677 increased viral resistance to 10E8, whereas N enhanced viral resistance to 4E10 and 10E8. It has been proposed that critical amino acids in the extra-MPER and the number of potential N-like glycosylation sites (PNGSs) in the V1 loop may have an impact on neutralizing activity. Understanding the mutations and evolution of MPER in chronically infected patients with HIV-1 is crucial for the design and development of vaccines that trigger bnAbs against MPER.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyu Fu
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Shuhui Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Yanling Hao
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Dan Li
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Li Ren
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Ran Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Wenqi Tang
- Department of TB/AIDS Control, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - Xiuli Shen
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China; Changping Laboratory, Yard 28, Science Park Road, Changping District, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Wanqi Ni
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Yutao Shi
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Meiling Zhu
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Yiming Shao
- Changping Laboratory, Yard 28, Science Park Road, Changping District, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Ying Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China.
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Li X, Kulakova L, Jones K, Toth EA, Mitchell MK, Mendez Q, Weiner MP, Fuerst TR. Site-directed neutralizing antibodies targeting structural sites on SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. N Biotechnol 2024; 80:27-36. [PMID: 38128698 PMCID: PMC10954356 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2023.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
'Epivolve' (epitope evolution) is an innovative paratope-evolving technology using a haptenated peptide or protein immunogen as a means of directing the in vivo immune response to specifically targeted sites at a one amino acid residue resolution. Guided by protein structural analysis, Epivolve technology was tested to develop site-directed neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) in a systematic fashion against the SARS-CoV-2 Receptor Binding Domain (RBD). Thirteen solvent-exposed sites covering the ACE2 receptor-binding interface were targeted. Immunogens composed of each targeted site were used to immunize rabbits in separate cohorts. In vivo site-directed immune responses against all 13 targets were demonstrated by B cell secreted IgG and recombinant IgG testing. One site, SL13 (Y505) which mutates from tyrosine to histidine in the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant, was chosen as a proof-of-concept (PoC) model for further functional monoclonal antibody development. Epivolve technology demonstrated the capabilities of generating pan-variant antibodies and nAbs against the SARS-CoV-2 primary strain and the Omicron variant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Li
- Abbratech Inc., 25 Business Park Drive, Suite C, Branford, CT 06405, USA.
| | - Liudmila Kulakova
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, University of Maryland, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Kezzia Jones
- Abbratech Inc., 25 Business Park Drive, Suite C, Branford, CT 06405, USA
| | - Eric A Toth
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, University of Maryland, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | | | - Qiana Mendez
- Abbratech Inc., 25 Business Park Drive, Suite C, Branford, CT 06405, USA
| | - Michael P Weiner
- Abbratech Inc., 25 Business Park Drive, Suite C, Branford, CT 06405, USA
| | - Thomas R Fuerst
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, University of Maryland, Rockville, MD 20850, USA; Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
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3
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Awan SF, Pegu A, Strom L, Carter CA, Hendel CS, Holman LA, Costner PJ, Trofymenko O, Dyer R, Gordon IJ, Rothwell RSS, Hickman SP, Conan-Cibotti M, Doria-Rose NA, Lin BC, O’Connell S, Narpala SR, Almasri CG, Liu C, Ko S, Kwon YD, Namboodiri AM, Pandey JP, Arnold FJ, Carlton K, Gall JG, Kwong PD, Capparelli EV, Bailer RT, McDermott AB, Chen GL, Koup RA, Mascola JR, Coates EE, Ledgerwood JE, Gaudinski MR. Phase 1 trial evaluating safety and pharmacokinetics of HIV-1 broadly neutralizing mAbs 10E8VLS and VRC07-523LS. JCI Insight 2024; 9:e175375. [PMID: 38587079 PMCID: PMC11128198 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.175375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUNDBroadly neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (bNAbs) represent a promising strategy for HIV-1 immunoprophylaxis and treatment. 10E8VLS and VRC07-523LS are bNAbs that target the highly conserved membrane-proximal external region (MPER) and the CD4-binding site of the HIV-1 viral envelope glycoprotein, respectively.METHODSIn this phase 1, open-label trial, we evaluated the safety and pharmacokinetics of 5 mg/kg 10E8VLS administered alone, or concurrently with 5 mg/kg VRC07-523LS, via s.c. injection to healthy non-HIV-infected individuals.RESULTSEight participants received either 10E8VLS alone (n = 6) or 10E8VLS and VRC07-523LS in combination (n = 2). Five (n = 5 of 8, 62.5%) participants who received 10E8VLS experienced moderate local reactogenicity, and 1 participant (n = 1/8, 12.5%) experienced severe local reactogenicity. Further trial enrollment was stopped, and no participant received repeat dosing. All local reactogenicity resolved without sequelae. 10E8VLS retained its neutralizing capacity, and no functional anti-drug antibodies were detected; however, a serum t1/2 of 8.1 days was shorter than expected. Therefore, the trial was voluntarily stopped per sponsor decision (Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases [NIAID], NIH). Mechanistic studies performed to investigate the underlying reason for the reactogenicity suggest that multiple mechanisms may have contributed, including antibody aggregation and upregulation of local inflammatory markers.CONCLUSION10E8VLS resulted in unexpected reactogenicity and a shorter t1/2 in comparison with previously tested bNAbs. These studies may facilitate identification of nonreactogenic second-generation MPER-targeting bNAbs, which could be an effective strategy for HIV-1 immunoprophylaxis and treatment.TRIAL REGISTRATIONClinicaltrials.gov, accession no. NCT03565315.FUNDINGDivision of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seemal F. Awan
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Amarendra Pegu
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Larisa Strom
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Cristina A. Carter
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Cynthia S. Hendel
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - LaSonji A. Holman
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Pamela J. Costner
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Olga Trofymenko
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Renunda Dyer
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Ingelise J. Gordon
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Ro Shauna S. Rothwell
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Somia P. Hickman
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Michelle Conan-Cibotti
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Nicole A. Doria-Rose
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Bob C. Lin
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Sarah O’Connell
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Sandeep R. Narpala
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Cassandra G. Almasri
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Cuiping Liu
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Sungyoul Ko
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Young D. Kwon
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Aryan M. Namboodiri
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Janardan P. Pandey
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Frank J. Arnold
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Kevin Carlton
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Jason G. Gall
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Peter D. Kwong
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Edmund V. Capparelli
- School of Medicine and Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Robert T. Bailer
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Adrian B. McDermott
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Grace L. Chen
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Richard A. Koup
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - John R. Mascola
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Emily E. Coates
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Julie E. Ledgerwood
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Martin R. Gaudinski
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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4
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Rujas E, Apellániz B, Torralba J, Andreu D, Caaveiro JMM, Wang S, Lu S, Nieva JL. Liposome-based peptide vaccines to elicit immune responses against the membrane active domains of the HIV-1 Env glycoprotein. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. BIOMEMBRANES 2024; 1866:184235. [PMID: 37793559 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2023.184235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
The fusion peptide (FP) and the Trp-rich membrane proximal external region (MPER) display membrane activity during HIV-1 fusion. These domains are highly conserved in the envelope glycoprotein (Env) and, consequently, antibodies targeting these regions block entry of divergent HIV strains and isolates into target cells. With the aim of recovering concurrent responses against the membrane-active Env domains, we have produced hybrid peptides that connect FP and MPER sequences via flexible aminohexanoic acid tethers, and tested their potential as immunogens. We demonstrate that liposome-based formulations containing FP-MPER hybrid peptides could elicit in rabbits, antibodies with the binding sequence specificity of neutralizing antibodies that engage with the N-terminal MPER sub-region. Determination of the thermodynamic parameters of binding using the Fab 2F5 as an N-terminal MPER antibody model, revealed that the hydrophobic interaction surface for epitope engagement appears to be optimal in the FP-MPER hybrid. In general, our data support: i) the use of liposomes as carriers for membrane active peptides; ii) the capacity of these liposome-based vaccines to focus humoral responses to N-terminal MPER epitopes; and iii) the need to include lipid membranes in immunogens to elicit such specific responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edurne Rujas
- Instituto Biofisika (CSIC, UPV/EHU) and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), PO Box 644, 48080 Bilbao, Spain.
| | - Beatriz Apellániz
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad, 7, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; Bioaraba, Microbiology, Infectious Disease, Antimicrobial Agents, and Gene Therapy, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Johana Torralba
- Instituto Biofisika (CSIC, UPV/EHU) and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), PO Box 644, 48080 Bilbao, Spain
| | - David Andreu
- Laboratory of Proteomics and Protein Chemistry, Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona Biomedical Research Park, Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jose M M Caaveiro
- Laboratory of Global Healthcare, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Shixia Wang
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, United States of America
| | - Shan Lu
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, United States of America
| | - Jose L Nieva
- Instituto Biofisika (CSIC, UPV/EHU) and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), PO Box 644, 48080 Bilbao, Spain.
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5
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Liu DJ, Liu CC, Zhong XQ, Wu X, Zhang HH, Lu SW, Shen ZL, Song WW, Zhao SL, Peng YS, Zheng HP, Wan MY, Chen YQ, Deng L. Boost immunizations with NA-derived peptide conjugates achieve induction of NA inhibition antibodies and heterologous influenza protections. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112766. [PMID: 37421618 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuraminidase is suggested as an important component for developing a universal influenza vaccine. Targeted induction of neuraminidase-specific broadly protective antibodies by vaccinations is challenging. To overcome this, we rationally select the highly conserved peptides from the consensus amino acid sequence of the globular head domains of neuraminidase. Inspired by the B cell receptor evolution process, a reliable sequential immunization regimen is designed to result in immuno-focusing by steering bulk immune responses to a selected region where broadly protective B lymphocyte epitopes reside. After priming neuraminidase protein-specific antibody responses in C57BL/6 or BALB/c inbred mice strains by immunization or pre-infection, boost immunizations with certain neuraminidase-derived peptide-keyhole limpet hemocyanin conjugates significantly strengthened serum neuraminidase inhibition activities and cross-protections. Overall, this study provides proof of concept for a peptide-based sequential immunization strategy for achieving targeted induction of cross-protective antibody response, which provides references for designing universal vaccines against other highly variable pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- De-Jian Liu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Virology, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Cui-Cui Liu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Virology, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Xiu-Qin Zhong
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Virology, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Xuan Wu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Virology, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Hui-Hui Zhang
- Bioinformatics Center, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Shang-Wen Lu
- Bioinformatics Center, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Zhuo-Ling Shen
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Virology, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Wen-Wen Song
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Virology, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Shi-Long Zhao
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Virology, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - You-Song Peng
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Virology, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Bioinformatics Center, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - He-Ping Zheng
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Virology, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Bioinformatics Center, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Mu-Yang Wan
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Virology, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Yao-Qing Chen
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province 518107, China
| | - Lei Deng
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Virology, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Bioinformatics Center, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Beijing Weimiao Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Haidian District, Beijing 100000, China.
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Pilvenyte G, Ratautaite V, Boguzaite R, Ramanavicius S, Chen CF, Viter R, Ramanavicius A. Molecularly Imprinted Polymer-Based Electrochemical Sensors for the Diagnosis of Infectious Diseases. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:620. [PMID: 37366985 DOI: 10.3390/bios13060620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
The appearance of biological molecules, so-called biomarkers in body fluids at abnormal concentrations, is considered a good tool for detecting disease. Biomarkers are usually looked for in the most common body fluids, such as blood, nasopharyngeal fluids, urine, tears, sweat, etc. Even with significant advances in diagnostic technology, many patients with suspected infections receive empiric antimicrobial therapy rather than appropriate treatment, which is driven by rapid identification of the infectious agent, leading to increased antimicrobial resistance. To positively impact healthcare, new tests are needed that are pathogen-specific, easy to use, and produce results quickly. Molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP)-based biosensors can achieve these general goals and have enormous potential for disease detection. This article aimed to overview recent articles dedicated to electrochemical sensors modified with MIP to detect protein-based biomarkers of certain infectious diseases in human beings, particularly the biomarkers of infectious diseases, such as HIV-1, COVID-19, Dengue virus, and others. Some biomarkers, such as C-reactive protein (CRP) found in blood tests, are not specific for a particular disease but are used to identify any inflammation process in the body and are also under consideration in this review. Other biomarkers are specific to a particular disease, e.g., SARS-CoV-2-S spike glycoprotein. This article analyzes the development of electrochemical sensors using molecular imprinting technology and the used materials' influence. The research methods, the application of different electrodes, the influence of the polymers, and the established detection limits are reviewed and compared.
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Affiliation(s)
- Greta Pilvenyte
- Department of Nanotechnology, State Research Institute Center for Physical Sciences and Technology (FTMC), Saulėtekio Av. 3, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University (VU), Naugarduko Str. 24, LT-03225 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Vilma Ratautaite
- Department of Nanotechnology, State Research Institute Center for Physical Sciences and Technology (FTMC), Saulėtekio Av. 3, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University (VU), Naugarduko Str. 24, LT-03225 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Raimonda Boguzaite
- Department of Nanotechnology, State Research Institute Center for Physical Sciences and Technology (FTMC), Saulėtekio Av. 3, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University (VU), Naugarduko Str. 24, LT-03225 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Simonas Ramanavicius
- Department of Electrochemical Material Science, State Research Institute Center for Physical Sciences and Technology (FTMC), Saulėtekio Av. 3, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Chien-Fu Chen
- Institute of Applied Mechanics, National Taiwan University, Taipei City 106, Taiwan
| | - Roman Viter
- Institute of Atomic Physics and Spectroscopy, University of Latvia, 19 Raina Blvd., LV-1586 Riga, Latvia
- Center for Collective Use of Scientific Equipment, Sumy State University, 31, Sanatornaya st., 40018 Sumy, Ukraine
| | - Arunas Ramanavicius
- Department of Nanotechnology, State Research Institute Center for Physical Sciences and Technology (FTMC), Saulėtekio Av. 3, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University (VU), Naugarduko Str. 24, LT-03225 Vilnius, Lithuania
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7
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Nguyen HT, Wang Q, Anang S, Sodroski JG. Characterization of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV-1) Envelope Glycoprotein Conformational States on Infectious Virus Particles. J Virol 2023; 97:e0185722. [PMID: 36815832 PMCID: PMC10062176 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01857-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) entry into cells involves triggering of the viral envelope glycoprotein (Env) trimer ([gp120/gp41]3) by the primary receptor, CD4, and coreceptors, CCR5 or CXCR4. The pretriggered (State-1) conformation of the mature (cleaved) Env is targeted by broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs), which are inefficiently elicited compared with poorly neutralizing antibodies (pNAbs). Here, we characterize variants of the moderately triggerable HIV-1AD8 Env on virions produced by an infectious molecular proviral clone; such virions contain more cleaved Env than pseudotyped viruses. We identified three types of cleaved wild-type AD8 Env trimers on virions: (i) State-1-like trimers preferentially recognized by bNAbs and exhibiting strong subunit association; (ii) trimers recognized by pNAbs directed against the gp120 coreceptor-binding region and exhibiting weak, detergent-sensitive subunit association; and (iii) a minor gp41-only population. The first Env population was enriched and the other Env populations reduced by introducing State-1-stabilizing changes in the AD8 Env or by treatment of the virions with crosslinker or the State-1-preferring entry inhibitor, BMS-806. These stabilized AD8 Envs were also more resistant to gp120 shedding induced by a CD4-mimetic compound or by incubation on ice. Conversely, a State-1-destabilized, CD4-independent AD8 Env variant exhibited weaker bNAb recognition and stronger pNAb recognition. Similar relationships between Env triggerability and antigenicity/shedding propensity on virions were observed for other HIV-1 strains. State-1 Envs on virions can be significantly enriched by minimizing the adventitious incorporation of uncleaved Env; stabilizing the pretriggered conformation by Env modification, crosslinking or BMS-806 treatment; strengthening Env subunit interactions; and using CD4-negative producer cells. IMPORTANCE Efforts to develop an effective HIV-1 vaccine have been frustrated by the inability to elicit broad neutralizing antibodies that recognize multiple virus strains. Such antibodies can bind a particular shape of the HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein trimer, as it exists on a viral membrane but before engaging receptors on the host cell. Here, we establish simple yet powerful assays to characterize the envelope glycoproteins in a natural context on virus particles. We find that, depending on the HIV-1 strain, some envelope glycoproteins change shape and fall apart, creating decoys that can potentially divert the host immune response. We identify requirements to keep the relevant envelope glycoprotein target for broad neutralizing antibodies intact on virus-like particles. These studies suggest strategies that should facilitate efforts to produce and use virus-like particles as vaccine immunogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanh T. Nguyen
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Saumya Anang
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Joseph G. Sodroski
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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8
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Tang W, Yuan Z, Wang Z, Ren L, Li D, Wang S, Hao Y, Li J, Shen X, Ruan Y, Shao Y, Liu Y. Neutralization Sensitivity and Evolution of Virus in a Chronic HIV-1 Clade B Infected Patient with Neutralizing Activity against Membrane-Proximal External Region. Pathogens 2023; 12:pathogens12030497. [PMID: 36986419 PMCID: PMC10052815 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12030497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The membrane-proximal external region (MPER) is a promising HIV-1 vaccine target owing to its linear neutralizing epitopes and highly conserved amino acids. Here, we explored the neutralization sensitivity and investigated the MPER sequences in a chronic HIV-1 infected patient with neutralizing activity against the MPER. Using single-genome amplification (SGA), 50 full-length HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein (env) genes were isolated from the patient's plasma at two time points (2006 and 2009). The neutralization sensitivity of 14 Env-pseudoviruses to autologous plasma and monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) was evaluated. Env gene sequencing revealed that the diversity of Env increased over time and four mutation positions (659D, 662K, 671S, and 677N/R) were identified in the MPER. The K677R mutation increased the IC50 values of pseudoviruses approximately twofold for 4E10 and 2F5, and E659D increased the IC50 up to ninefold for 4E10 and fourfold for 2F5. These two mutations also decreased the contact between gp41 and mAbs. Almost all mutant pseudoviruses were resistant to autologous plasma at both the earlier and concurrent time points. Mutations 659D and 677R in the MPER decreased the neutralization sensitivity of Env-pseudoviruses, providing a detailed understanding of MPER evolution which might facilitate advances in the design of HIV-1 vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqi Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Zhenzhen Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Li Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Dan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Shuhui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Yanling Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Xiuli Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Yuhua Ruan
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Yiming Shao
- Changping National Laboratory, Beijing 102200, China
| | - Ying Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
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9
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Enhancing HIV-1 Neutralization by Increasing the Local Concentration of Membrane-Proximal External Region-Directed Broadly Neutralizing Antibodies. J Virol 2023; 97:e0164722. [PMID: 36541800 PMCID: PMC9888200 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01647-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) against the membrane-proximal external region (MPER) of the gp41 component of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) envelope (Env) are characterized by long, hydrophobic, heavy chain complementarity-determining region 3s (HCDR3s) that interact with the MPER and some viral membrane lipids to achieve increased local concentrations. Here, we show that increasing the local concentration of MPER-directed bNAbs at the cell surface via binding to the high-affinity Fc receptor FcγRI potentiates their ability to prevent viral entry in a manner analogous to the previously reported observation wherein the lipid-binding activity of MPER bNAbs increases their concentration at the viral surface membrane. However, binding of MPER-directed bNAb 10E8 to FcγRI abolishes the neutralization synergy that is seen with the N-heptad repeat (NHR)-targeting antibody D5_AR and NHR-targeting small molecule enfuvirtide (T20), possibly due to decreased accessibility of the NHR in the FcγRI-10E8-MPER complex. Taken together, our results suggest that lipid-binding activity and FcγRI-mediated potentiation function in concert to improve the potency of MPER-directed bNAbs by increasing their local concentration near the site of viral fusion. Therefore, lipid binding may not be a strict requirement for potent neutralization by MPER-targeting bNAbs, as alternative methods can achieve similar increases in local concentrations while avoiding potential liabilities associated with immunologic host tolerance. IMPORTANCE The trimeric glycoprotein Env, the only viral protein expressed on the surface of HIV-1, is the target of broadly neutralizing antibodies and the focus of most vaccine development efforts. Broadly neutralizing antibodies targeting the membrane proximal external region (MPER) of Env show lipid-binding characteristics, and modulating this interaction affects neutralization. In this study, we tested the neutralization potencies of variants of the MPER-targeting antibody 10E8 with different viral-membrane-binding and host FcγRI-binding capabilities. Our results suggest that binding to both lipid and FcγRI improves the neutralization potency of MPER-directed antibodies by concentrating the antibodies at sites of viral fusion. As such, lipid binding may not be uniquely required for MPER-targeting broadly neutralizing antibodies, as alternative methods to increase local concentration can achieve similar improvements in potency.
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10
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Choi S, Yang Z, Wang Q, Qiao Z, Sun M, Wiggins J, Xiang SH, Lu Q. Displaying and delivering viral membrane antigens via WW domain-activated extracellular vesicles. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eade2708. [PMID: 36706192 PMCID: PMC9882979 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.ade2708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Membrane proteins expressed on the surface of enveloped viruses are conformational antigens readily recognized by B cells of the immune system. An effective vaccine would require the synthesis and delivery of these native conformational antigens in lipid membranes that preserve specific epitope structures. We have created an extracellular vesicle-based technology that allows viral membrane antigens to be selectively recruited onto the surface of WW domain-activated extracellular vesicles (WAEVs). Budding of WAEVs requires secretory carrier-associated membrane protein 3, which through its proline-proline-alanine-tyrosine motif interacts with WW domains to recruit fused viral membrane antigens onto WAEVs. Immunization with influenza and HIV viral membrane proteins displayed on WAEVs elicits production of virus-specific neutralizing antibodies and, in the case of influenza antigens, protects mice from the lethal viral infection. WAEVs thus represent a versatile platform for presenting and delivering membrane antigens as vaccines against influenza, HIV, and potentially many other viral pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sengjin Choi
- Program in Molecular and Integrative Physiological Sciences, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Zhiping Yang
- Program in Molecular and Integrative Physiological Sciences, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Qiyu Wang
- Program in Molecular and Integrative Physiological Sciences, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Zhi Qiao
- Program in Molecular and Integrative Physiological Sciences, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Maoyun Sun
- Program in Molecular and Integrative Physiological Sciences, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Joshua Wiggins
- Nebraska Center for Virology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA
| | - Shi-Hua Xiang
- Nebraska Center for Virology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA
| | - Quan Lu
- Program in Molecular and Integrative Physiological Sciences, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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11
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Torralba J, de la Arada I, Partida-Hanon A, Rujas E, Arribas M, Insausti S, Valotteau C, Valle J, Andreu D, Caaveiro JMM, Jiménez MA, Apellániz B, Redondo-Morata L, Nieva JL. Molecular recognition of a membrane-anchored HIV-1 pan-neutralizing epitope. Commun Biol 2022; 5:1265. [DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-04219-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractAntibodies against the carboxy-terminal section of the membrane-proximal external region (C-MPER) of the HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein (Env) are considered as nearly pan-neutralizing. Development of vaccines capable of producing analogous broadly neutralizing antibodies requires deep understanding of the mechanism that underlies C-MPER recognition in membranes. Here, we use the archetypic 10E8 antibody and a variety of biophysical techniques including single-molecule approaches to study the molecular recognition of C-MPER in membrane mimetics. In contrast to the assumption that an interfacial MPER helix embodies the entire C-MPER epitope recognized by 10E8, our data indicate that transmembrane domain (TMD) residues contribute to binding affinity and specificity. Moreover, anchoring to membrane the helical C-MPER epitope through the TMD augments antibody binding affinity and relieves the effects exerted by the interfacial MPER helix on the mechanical stability of the lipid bilayer. These observations support that addition of TMD residues may result in more efficient and stable anti-MPER vaccines.
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12
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Global Increases in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Neutralization Sensitivity Due to Alterations in the Membrane-Proximal External Region of the Envelope Glycoprotein Can Be Minimized by Distant State 1-Stabilizing Changes. J Virol 2022; 96:e0187821. [PMID: 35289647 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01878-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Binding to the receptor, CD4, drives the pretriggered, "closed" (State-1) conformation of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) envelope glycoprotein (Env) trimer ([gp120/gp41]3) into more "open" conformations. HIV-1 Env on the viral membrane is maintained in a State-1 conformation that resists binding and neutralization by commonly elicited antibodies. Premature triggering of Env before the virus engages a target cell typically leads to increased susceptibility to spontaneous inactivation or ligand-induced neutralization. Here, we showed that single amino acid substitutions in the gp41 membrane-proximal external region (MPER) of a primary HIV-1 strain resulted in viral phenotypes indicative of premature triggering of Env to downstream conformations. Specifically, the MPER changes reduced viral infectivity and globally increased virus sensitivity to poorly neutralizing antibodies, soluble CD4, a CD4-mimetic compound, and exposure to cold. In contrast, the MPER mutants exhibited decreased sensitivity to the State 1-preferring inhibitor, BMS-806, and to the PGT151 broadly neutralizing antibody. Depletion of cholesterol from virus particles did not produce the same State 1-destabilizing phenotypes as MPER alterations. Notably, State 1-stabilizing changes in Env distant from the MPER could minimize the phenotypic effects of MPER alteration but did not affect virus sensitivity to cholesterol depletion. Thus, membrane-proximal gp41 elements contribute to the maintenance of the pretriggered Env conformation. The conformationally disruptive effects of MPER changes can be minimized by distant State 1-stabilizing Env modifications, a strategy that may be useful in preserving the native pretriggered state of Env. IMPORTANCE The pretriggered shape of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) envelope glycoprotein (Env) is a major target for antibodies that can neutralize many strains of the virus. An effective HIV-1 vaccine may need to raise these types of antibodies, but this goal has proven difficult. One reason is that the pretriggered shape of Env is unstable and dependent on interactions near the viral membrane. Here, we showed that the membrane-proximal external region (MPER) of Env plays an important role in maintaining Env in a pretriggered shape. Alterations in the MPER resulted in global changes in Env conformation that disrupted its pretriggered shape. We also found that these disruptive effects of MPER changes could be minimized by distant Env modifications that stabilized the pretriggered shape. These modifications may be useful for preserving the native shape of Env for structural and vaccine studies.
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13
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Shepherd BO, Chang D, Vasan S, Ake J, Modjarrad K. HIV and SARS-CoV-2: Tracing a Path of Vaccine Research and Development. Curr HIV/AIDS Rep 2022; 19:86-93. [PMID: 35089535 PMCID: PMC8795326 DOI: 10.1007/s11904-021-00597-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This review examines the major advances and obstacles in the field of HIV vaccine research as they pertain to informing the development of vaccines against SARS-CoV-2. RECENT FINDINGS Although the field of HIV research has yet to deliver a licensed vaccine, the technologies developed and knowledge gained in basic scientific disciplines, translational research, and community engagement have positively impacted the development of vaccines for other viruses, most notably and recently for SARS-CoV-2. These advances include the advent of viral vectors and mRNA as vaccine delivery platforms; the use of structural biology for immunogen design; an emergence of novel adjuvant formulations; a more sophisticated understanding of viral phylogenetics; improvements in the development and harmonization of accurate assays for vaccine immunogenicity; and maturation of the fields of bioethics and community engagement for clinical trials conducted in diverse populations. Decades of foundational research and investments into HIV biology, though yet to yield an authorized or approved vaccine for HIV/AIDS, have now paid dividends in the rapid development of safe and effective SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. This latter success presents an opportunity for feedback on improved pathways for development of safe and efficacious vaccines against HIV and other pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittany Ober Shepherd
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, 503 Robert Grant Avenue, Suite 2A14, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA ,Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA
| | - David Chang
- US Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA
| | - Sandhya Vasan
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, 503 Robert Grant Avenue, Suite 2A14, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA ,Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA ,US Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA
| | - Julie Ake
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA
| | - Kayvon Modjarrad
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, 503 Robert Grant Avenue, Suite 2A14, Silver Spring, MD, 20910, USA.
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14
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Development and Evaluation of an Ebola Virus Glycoprotein Mucin-Like Domain Replacement System as a New Dendritic Cell-Targeting Vaccine Approach against HIV-1. J Virol 2021; 95:e0236820. [PMID: 34011553 PMCID: PMC8274623 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.02368-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of efficient vaccine approaches against HIV infection remains challenging in the vaccine field. Here, we developed an Ebola virus envelope glycoprotein (EboGP)-based chimeric fusion protein system and demonstrated that replacement of the mucin-like domain (MLD) of EboGP with HIV C2-V3-C3 (134 amino acids [aa]) or C2-V3-C3-V4-C4-V5-C5 (243 aa) polypeptides (EbGPΔM-V3 and EbGPΔM-V3-V5, respectively) still maintained the efficiency of EboGP-mediated viral entry into human macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs). Animal studies using mice revealed that immunization with virus-like particles (VLPs) containing the above chimeric proteins, especially EbGPΔM-V3, induced significantly more potent anti-HIV antibodies than HIV gp120 alone in mouse serum and vaginal fluid. Moreover, the splenocytes isolated from mice immunized with VLPs containing EbGPΔM-V3 produced significantly higher levels of gamma interferon (IFN-γ), interleukin 2 (IL-2), IL-4, IL-5, and macrophage inflammatory protein 1α (MIP-1α). Additionally, we demonstrated that coexpression of EbGPΔM-V3 and the HIV Env glycoprotein in a recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus (rVSV) vector elicited robust anti-HIV antibodies that may have specifically recognized epitopes outside or inside the C2-V3-C3 region of HIV-1 gp120 and cross-reacted with the gp120 from different HIV strains. Thus, this study has demonstrated the great potential of this DC-targeting vaccine platform as a new vaccine approach for improving immunogen delivery and increasing vaccine efficacy. IMPORTANCE Currently, there are more than 38.5 million reported cases of HIV globally. To date, there is no approved vaccine for HIV-1 infection. Thus, the development of an effective vaccine against HIV infection remains a global priority. This study revealed the efficacy of a novel dendritic cell (DC)-targeting vaccination approach against HIV-1. The results clearly show that the immunization of mice with virus-like particles (VLPs) and VSVs containing HIV Env and a fusion protein composed of a DC-targeting domain of Ebola virus GP with HIV C2-V3-C3 polypeptides (EbGPΔM-V3) could induce robust immune responses against HIV-1 Env and/or Gag in serum and vaginal mucosa. These findings provide a proof of concept of this novel and efficient DC-targeting vaccine approach in delivering various antigenic polypeptides of HIV-1 and/or other emergent infections to the host antigen-presenting cells to prevent HIV and other viral infections.
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15
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Ang CG, Carter E, Haftl A, Zhang S, Rashad AA, Kutzler M, Abrams CF, Chaiken IM. Peptide Triazole Thiol Irreversibly Inactivates Metastable HIV-1 Env by Accessing Conformational Triggers Intrinsic to Virus-Cell Entry. Microorganisms 2021; 9:1286. [PMID: 34204725 PMCID: PMC8231586 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9061286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
KR13, a peptide triazole thiol previously established to inhibit HIV-1 infection and cause virus lysis, was evaluated by flow cytometry against JRFL Env-presenting cells to characterize induced Env and membrane transformations leading to irreversible inactivation. Transiently transfected HEK293T cells were preloaded with calcein dye, treated with KR13 or its thiol-blocked analogue KR13b, fixed, and stained for gp120 (35O22), MPER (10E8), 6-helix-bundle (NC-1), immunodominant loop (50-69), and fusion peptide (VRC34.01). KR13 induced dose-dependent transformations of Env and membrane characterized by transient poration, MPER exposure, and 6-helix-bundle formation (analogous to native fusion events), but also reduced immunodominant loop and fusion peptide exposure. Using a fusion peptide mutant (V504E), we found that KR13 transformation does not require functional fusion peptide for poration. In contrast, simultaneous treatment with fusion inhibitor T20 alongside KR13 prevented membrane poration and MPER exposure, showing that these events require 6-helix-bundle formation. Based on these results, we formulated a model for PTT-induced Env transformation portraying how, in the absence of CD4/co-receptor signaling, PTT may provide alternate means of perturbing the metastable Env-membrane complex, and inducing fusion-like transformation. In turn, the results show that such transformations are intrinsic to Env and can be diverted for irreversible inactivation of the protein complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles Gotuaco Ang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19102, USA; (E.C.); (A.H.); (S.Z.); (A.A.R.)
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science, and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19102, USA
| | - Erik Carter
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19102, USA; (E.C.); (A.H.); (S.Z.); (A.A.R.)
- Departments of Medicine and Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19102, USA;
| | - Ann Haftl
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19102, USA; (E.C.); (A.H.); (S.Z.); (A.A.R.)
- Department of Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19102, USA
| | - Shiyu Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19102, USA; (E.C.); (A.H.); (S.Z.); (A.A.R.)
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science, and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19102, USA
| | - Adel A. Rashad
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19102, USA; (E.C.); (A.H.); (S.Z.); (A.A.R.)
| | - Michele Kutzler
- Departments of Medicine and Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19102, USA;
| | - Cameron F. Abrams
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19102, USA;
| | - Irwin M. Chaiken
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19102, USA; (E.C.); (A.H.); (S.Z.); (A.A.R.)
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16
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Marcelino R, Gramacho F, Martin F, Brogueira P, Janeiro N, Afonso C, Badura R, Valadas E, Mansinho K, Caldeira L, Taveira N, Marcelino JM. Antibody response against selected epitopes in the HIV-1 envelope gp41 ectodomain contributes to reduce viral burden in HIV-1 infected patients. Sci Rep 2021; 11:8993. [PMID: 33903642 PMCID: PMC8076315 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-88274-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The ectodomain of gp41 is the target of potent binding and neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) and is being explored in new strategies for antibody-based HIV vaccines. Previous studies have suggested that the W164A-3S (3S) and EC26-2A4 (EC26) peptides located in the gp41 ectodomain may be potential HIV vaccine candidates. We assessed 3S- and EC26-specific binding antibody responses and related neutralizing activity in a large panel of chronic HIV-1-infected Portuguese individuals on ART. A similar proportion of participants had antibodies binding to 3S (9.6%) and EC26 (9.9%) peptides but the level of reactivity against 3S was significantly higher compared to EC26, except in the rare patients with double peptide reactivity. The higher antigenicity of 3S was unrelated with disease stage, as assessed by CD4+ T cell counts, but it was directly related with plasma viral load. Most patients that were tested (89.9%, N = 268) showed tier 1 neutralizing activity, the potency being inversely associated with plasma viral load. In the subset of patients that were tested for neutralization of tier 2 isolates, neutralization breadth was inversely correlated with plasma viral load and directly correlated with CD4+ T cell counts. These results are consistent with a role for neutralizing antibodies in controlling viral replication and preventing the decline of CD4+ T lymphocytes. Importantly, in patients with 3S-specific antibodies, neutralizing titers were inversely correlated with viral RNA levels and proviral DNA levels. Moreover, patients with 3S and/or EC26-specific antibodies showed a 1.9-fold higher tier 2 neutralization score than patients without antibodies suggesting that 3S and/or EC26-specific antibodies contribute to neutralization breadth and potency in HIV-1 infected patients. Overall, these results suggest that antibodies targeting the S3 and EC26 epitopes may contribute to reduce viral burden and provide further support for the inclusion of 3S and EC26 epitopes in HIV-1 vaccine candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rute Marcelino
- Global Health and Tropical Medicine-GHTM, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical-IHMT, Universidade Nova de Lisboa-UNL, 1349-008, Lisboa, Portugal.,Instituto de Investigação do Medicamento (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, 1649-003, Lisboa, Portugal.,Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz, Monte de Caparica, 2829-511, Monte de Caparica, Portugal
| | - Filipa Gramacho
- Hospital de Santa Maria-HSM, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte-CHLN, E.P.E., Lisboa, 1649-028, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Francisco Martin
- Instituto de Investigação do Medicamento (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, 1649-003, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Pedro Brogueira
- Serviço de Doenças Infeciosas, Hospital Egas Moniz-HEM, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Ocidental-CHLO, E.P.E., Lisboa, 1349-019, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Nuno Janeiro
- Hospital de Santa Maria-HSM, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte-CHLN, E.P.E., Lisboa, 1649-028, Lisboa, Portugal.,Clínica Universitária de Doenças Infeciosas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa-UL, Lisboa, 1649-028, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Claudia Afonso
- Hospital de Santa Maria-HSM, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte-CHLN, E.P.E., Lisboa, 1649-028, Lisboa, Portugal.,Clínica Universitária de Doenças Infeciosas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa-UL, Lisboa, 1649-028, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Robert Badura
- Hospital de Santa Maria-HSM, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte-CHLN, E.P.E., Lisboa, 1649-028, Lisboa, Portugal.,Clínica Universitária de Doenças Infeciosas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa-UL, Lisboa, 1649-028, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Emília Valadas
- Hospital de Santa Maria-HSM, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte-CHLN, E.P.E., Lisboa, 1649-028, Lisboa, Portugal.,Clínica Universitária de Doenças Infeciosas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa-UL, Lisboa, 1649-028, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Kamal Mansinho
- Serviço de Doenças Infeciosas, Hospital Egas Moniz-HEM, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Ocidental-CHLO, E.P.E., Lisboa, 1349-019, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Luís Caldeira
- Hospital de Santa Maria-HSM, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte-CHLN, E.P.E., Lisboa, 1649-028, Lisboa, Portugal.,Clínica Universitária de Doenças Infeciosas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa-UL, Lisboa, 1649-028, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Nuno Taveira
- Instituto de Investigação do Medicamento (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, 1649-003, Lisboa, Portugal.,Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz, Monte de Caparica, 2829-511, Monte de Caparica, Portugal
| | - José M Marcelino
- Global Health and Tropical Medicine-GHTM, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical-IHMT, Universidade Nova de Lisboa-UNL, 1349-008, Lisboa, Portugal. .,Instituto de Investigação do Medicamento (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, 1649-003, Lisboa, Portugal. .,Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz, Monte de Caparica, 2829-511, Monte de Caparica, Portugal.
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17
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Yin L, Chang KF, Nakamura KJ, Kuhn L, Aldrovandi GM, Goodenow MM. Unique genotypic features of HIV-1 C gp41 membrane proximal external region variants during pregnancy relate to mother-to-child transmission via breastfeeding. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PEDIATRICS AND NEONATOLOGY 2021; 1:9-20. [PMID: 34553192 PMCID: PMC8454918 DOI: 10.46439/pediatrics.1.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) through breastfeeding remains a major source of pediatric HIV-1 infection worldwide. To characterize plasma HIV-1 subtype C populations from infected mothers during pregnancy that related to subsequent breast milk transmission, an exploratory study was designed to apply next generation sequencing and a custom bioinformatics pipeline for HIV-1 gp41 extending from heptad repeat region 2 (HR2) through the membrane proximal external region (MPER) and the membrane spanning domain (MSD). MPER harbors linear and highly conserved epitopes that repeatedly elicits HIV-1 neutralizing antibodies with exceptional breadth. Viral populations during pregnancy from women who transmitted by breastfeeding, compared to those who did not, displayed greater biodiversity, more frequent amino acid polymorphisms, lower hydropathy index and greater positive charge. Viral characteristics were restricted to MPER, failed to extend into flanking HR2 or MSD regions, and were unrelated to predicted neutralization resistance. Findings provide novel parameters to evaluate an association between maternal MPER variants present during gestation and lactogenesis with subsequent transmission outcomes by breastfeeding. IMPORTANCE HIV-1 transmission through breastfeeding accounts for 39% of MTCT and continues as a major route of pediatric infection in developing countries where access to interventions for interrupting transmission is limited. Identifying women who are likely to transmit HIV-1 during breastfeeding would focus therapies, such as broad neutralizing HIV monoclonal antibodies (bn-HIV-Abs), during the breastfeeding period to reduce MTCT. Findings from our pilot study identify novel characteristics of gestational viral MPER quasispecies related to transmission outcomes and raise the possibility for predicting MTCT by breastfeeding based on identifying mothers with high-risk viral populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Yin
- Molecular HIV Host Interaction Section, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kai-Fen Chang
- Molecular HIV Host Interaction Section, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Louise Kuhn
- Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, College of Physicians and Surgeons, and Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Grace M. Aldrovandi
- Department of Pediatrics, Sabin Research Institute, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Maureen M. Goodenow
- Molecular HIV Host Interaction Section, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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18
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Yao L, Wang JY, Bao LN, Fan MX, Bai Y, Chen WJ, Yuan C, Yuan L, Wang J, Li Y, Zhuang M, Ling H. DNA adjuvant Amiloride conjunct long immunization interval promote higher antibody responses to HIV-1 gp41 and gp140 immunogens. Vaccine 2020; 38:7445-7454. [PMID: 33041100 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2020.09.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 08/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have revealed that the interface of gp120 and gp41 and some parts of gp41 are also critical epitopes for elicitation of broadly neutralizing antibodies. Therefore, potential trimeric gp41 or gp140 immunogen candidates are needed. Previously, we developed a trimer motif MTQ and demonstrated that it could help formation of trimeric gp120 and gp140 proteins. In the present study, we immunized Balb/c mice using trimeric gp41-expressing plasmid for prime and monomeric gp41 or trimeric gp140 protein as well as a mutant (Q577A) for boost. The antibody responses in the context of regimens with various immunization intervals and DNA adjuvants including praziquantel (PZQ), cimetidine (CIM), and amiloride (AML) were evaluated. We found that these three adjuvants were not enough to elicit remarkable specific Abs after gp41 DNA immunization, while AML could significantly promote humoral immune responses after protein boosts. Long immunization interval could induce the specific binding Abs earlier and higher and maintain a high level of Abs in the following 27 weeks after final protein boost. Moreover, two times of protein boosts with DNA adjuvant and a longer time interval achieved a higher titer of specific Abs than three times of protein boosts with a shorter time interval. Q577A mutant was benefit for trimeric gp140 boost in the production of binding Abs but harmful to inducing neutralizing Abs, while this mutant in monomeric gp41 presented the opposite trend which may be associated with the immunogen structures. This study highlights the significance of DNA adjuvant Amiloride and long immunization interval in promoting antibody responses and provides new insights into effective HIV immunization regimen design in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Yao
- Department of Parasitology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Harbin, China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology, Harbin, China; Wu Lien-Teh Institute, Harbin, China
| | - Jia-Ye Wang
- Department of Microbiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Harbin, China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology, Harbin, China; Wu Lien-Teh Institute, Harbin, China
| | - Li-Na Bao
- Department of Microbiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Harbin, China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology, Harbin, China; Wu Lien-Teh Institute, Harbin, China
| | - Meng-Xuan Fan
- Department of Microbiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Harbin, China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology, Harbin, China; Wu Lien-Teh Institute, Harbin, China
| | - Yang Bai
- Department of Microbiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Harbin, China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology, Harbin, China; Wu Lien-Teh Institute, Harbin, China
| | - Wen-Jiang Chen
- Department of Microbiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Harbin, China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology, Harbin, China; Wu Lien-Teh Institute, Harbin, China
| | - Chen Yuan
- Department of Microbiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Harbin, China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology, Harbin, China; Wu Lien-Teh Institute, Harbin, China
| | - Li Yuan
- Department of Microbiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Harbin, China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology, Harbin, China; Wu Lien-Teh Institute, Harbin, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Microbiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Harbin, China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology, Harbin, China; Wu Lien-Teh Institute, Harbin, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Microbiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Harbin, China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology, Harbin, China; Wu Lien-Teh Institute, Harbin, China
| | - Min Zhuang
- Department of Microbiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Harbin, China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology, Harbin, China; Wu Lien-Teh Institute, Harbin, China.
| | - Hong Ling
- Department of Microbiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Harbin, China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology, Harbin, China; Wu Lien-Teh Institute, Harbin, China; Department of Parasitology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
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19
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Structure, interactions and membrane topology of HIV gp41 ectodomain sequences. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2020; 1862:183274. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2020.183274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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20
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Di Marino D, Bruno A, Grimaldi M, Scrima M, Stillitano I, Amodio G, Della Sala G, Romagnoli A, De Santis A, Moltedo O, Remondelli P, Boccia G, D'Errico G, D'Ursi AM, Limongelli V. Binding of the Anti-FIV Peptide C8 to Differently Charged Membrane Models: From First Docking to Membrane Tubulation. Front Chem 2020; 8:493. [PMID: 32676493 PMCID: PMC7333769 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.00493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Gp36 is the virus envelope glycoproteins catalyzing the fusion of the feline immunodeficiency virus with the host cells. The peptide C8 is a tryptophan-rich peptide corresponding to the fragment 770W-I777 of gp36 exerting antiviral activity by binding the membrane cell and inhibiting the virus entry. Several factors, including the membrane surface charge, regulate the binding of C8 to the lipid membrane. Based on the evidence that imperceptible variation of membrane charge may induce a dramatic effect in several critical biological events, in the present work we investigate the effect induced by systematic variation of charge in phospholipid bilayers on the aptitude of C8 to interact with lipid membranes, the tendency of C8 to assume specific conformational states and the re-organization of the lipid bilayer upon the interaction with C8. Accordingly, employing a bottom-up multiscale protocol, including CD, NMR, ESR spectroscopy, atomistic molecular dynamics simulations, and confocal microscopy, we studied C8 in six membrane models composed of different ratios of zwitterionic/negatively charged phospholipids. Our data show that charge content modulates C8-membrane binding with significant effects on the peptide conformations. C8 in micelle solution or in SUV formed by DPC or DOPC zwitterionic phospholipids assumes regular β-turn structures that are progressively destabilized as the concentration of negatively charged SDS or DOPG phospholipids exceed 40%. Interaction of C8 with zwitterionic membrane surface is mediated by Trp1 and Trp4 that are deepened in the membrane, forming H-bonds and cation-π interactions with the DOPC polar heads. Additional stabilizing salt bridge interactions involve Glu2 and Asp3. MD and ESR data show that the C8-membrane affinity increases as the concentration of zwitterionic phospholipid increases. In the lipid membrane characterized by an excess of zwitterionic phospholipids, C8 is adsorbed at the membrane interface, inducing a stiffening of the outer region of the DOPC bilayer. However, the bound of C8 significantly perturbs the whole organization of lipid bilayer resulting in membrane remodeling. These events, measurable as a variation of the bilayer thickness, are the onset mechanism of the membrane fusion and vesicle tubulation observed in confocal microscopy by imaging zwitterionic MLVs in the presence of C8 peptide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Di Marino
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, New York-Marche Structural Biology Center (NY-MaSBiC), Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Agostino Bruno
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | | | - Mario Scrima
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Fisciano, Italy
| | | | - Giuseppina Amodio
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Baronissi, Italy
| | - Grazia Della Sala
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Alice Romagnoli
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, New York-Marche Structural Biology Center (NY-MaSBiC), Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Augusta De Santis
- Department of Chemical Science, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Ornella Moltedo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Fisciano, Italy
| | - Paolo Remondelli
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Baronissi, Italy
| | - Giovanni Boccia
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Baronissi, Italy
| | - Gerardino D'Errico
- Department of Chemical Science, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Vittorio Limongelli
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy.,Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Computational Science, Università della Svizzera italiana (USI), Lugano, Switzerland
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21
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Joshi VR, Newman RM, Pack ML, Power KA, Munro JB, Okawa K, Madani N, Sodroski JG, Schmidt AG, Allen TM. Gp41-targeted antibodies restore infectivity of a fusion-deficient HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein. PLoS Pathog 2020; 16:e1008577. [PMID: 32392227 PMCID: PMC7241850 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1008577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein (Env) mediates viral entry via conformational changes associated with binding the cell surface receptor (CD4) and coreceptor (CCR5/CXCR4), resulting in subsequent fusion of the viral and cellular membranes. While the gp120 Env surface subunit has been extensively studied for its role in viral entry and evasion of the host immune response, the gp41 transmembrane glycoprotein and its role in natural infection are less well characterized. Here, we identified a primary HIV-1 Env variant that consistently supports >300% increased viral infectivity in the presence of autologous or heterologous HIV-positive plasma. However, in the absence of HIV-positive plasma, viruses with this Env exhibited reduced infectivity that was not due to decreased CD4 binding. Using Env chimeras and sequence analysis, we mapped this phenotype to a change Q563R, in the gp41 heptad repeat 1 (HR1) region. We demonstrate that Q563R reduces viral infection by disrupting formation of the gp41 six-helix bundle required for virus-cell membrane fusion. Intriguingly, antibodies that bind cluster I epitopes on gp41 overcome this inhibitory effect, restoring infectivity to wild-type levels. We further demonstrate that the Q563R change increases HIV-1 sensitivity to broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) targeting the gp41 membrane-proximal external region (MPER). In summary, we identify an HIV-1 Env variant with impaired infectivity whose Env functionality is restored through the binding of host antibodies. These data contribute to our understanding of gp41 residues involved in membrane fusion and identify a mechanism by which host factors can alleviate a viral defect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinita R. Joshi
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Virology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Ruchi M. Newman
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Melissa L. Pack
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Karen A. Power
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - James B. Munro
- Department of Microbiology and Physiological Systems, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Ken Okawa
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Navid Madani
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Joseph G. Sodroski
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Microbiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Aaron G. Schmidt
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Microbiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Todd M. Allen
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
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22
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Rantalainen K, Berndsen ZT, Antanasijevic A, Schiffner T, Zhang X, Lee WH, Torres JL, Zhang L, Irimia A, Copps J, Zhou KH, Kwon YD, Law WH, Schramm CA, Verardi R, Krebs SJ, Kwong PD, Doria-Rose NA, Wilson IA, Zwick MB, Yates JR, Schief WR, Ward AB. HIV-1 Envelope and MPER Antibody Structures in Lipid Assemblies. Cell Rep 2020; 31:107583. [PMID: 32348769 PMCID: PMC7196886 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.107583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Structural and functional studies of HIV envelope glycoprotein (Env) as a transmembrane protein have long been complicated by challenges associated with inherent flexibility of the molecule and the membrane-embedded hydrophobic regions. Here, we present approaches for incorporating full-length, wild-type HIV-1 Env, as well as C-terminally truncated and stabilized versions, into lipid assemblies, providing a modular platform for Env structural studies by single particle electron microscopy. We reconstitute a full-length Env clone into a nanodisc, complex it with a membrane-proximal external region (MPER) targeting antibody 10E8, and structurally define the full quaternary epitope of 10E8 consisting of lipid, MPER, and ectodomain contacts. By aligning this and other Env-MPER antibody complex reconstructions with the lipid bilayer, we observe evidence of Env tilting as part of the neutralization mechanism for MPER-targeting antibodies. We also adapt the platform toward vaccine design purposes by introducing stabilizing mutations that allow purification of unliganded Env with a peptidisc scaffold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimmo Rantalainen
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA; International AIDS Vaccine Initiative Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Zachary T Berndsen
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA; International AIDS Vaccine Initiative Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Aleksandar Antanasijevic
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Torben Schiffner
- Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Xi Zhang
- Department of Chemical Physiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Wen-Hsin Lee
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA; International AIDS Vaccine Initiative Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Jonathan L Torres
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA; International AIDS Vaccine Initiative Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Adriana Irimia
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA; International AIDS Vaccine Initiative Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Jeffrey Copps
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA; International AIDS Vaccine Initiative Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Kenneth H Zhou
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Young D Kwon
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - William H Law
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Chaim A Schramm
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Raffaello Verardi
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Shelly J Krebs
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA
| | - Peter D Kwong
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Nicole A Doria-Rose
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Ian A Wilson
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA; International AIDS Vaccine Initiative Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Michael B Zwick
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - John R Yates
- Department of Chemical Physiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - William R Schief
- International AIDS Vaccine Initiative Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02129, USA
| | - Andrew B Ward
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA; International AIDS Vaccine Initiative Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
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23
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Soleymani S, Hadi A, Asgari F, Haghighipour N, Bolhassani A. Combination of Mechanical and Chemical Methods Improves Gene Delivery in Cell-based HIV Vaccines. Curr Drug Deliv 2020; 16:818-828. [PMID: 31549593 DOI: 10.2174/1567201816666190923152914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2019] [Revised: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Novel vaccination approaches are required to control human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections. The membrane proximal external region (MPER) of Env gp41 subunit and the V3/glycans of Env gp120 subunit were known as potential antigenic targets for anti-HIV-1 vaccines. In this study, we prepared the modified dendritic cells (DCs) and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) with HIV-1 MPER-V3 gene using mechanical and chemical approaches. METHODS At first, MPER-V3 fusion DNA delivery was optimized in dendritic cells (DCs) and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) using three mechanical (i.e., uniaxial cyclic stretch, equiaxial cyclic stretch and shear stress bioreactors), and two chemical (i.e., TurboFect or Lipofectamine) methods. Next, the modified DCs and MSCs with MPER-V3 antigen were compared to induce immune responses in vivo. RESULTS Our data showed that the combination of equiaxial cyclic stretch loading and lipofectamine twice with 48 h intervals increased the efficiency of transfection about 60.21 ± 1.05 % and 65.06 ± 0.09 % for MSCs and DCs, respectively. Moreover, DCs and MSCs transfected with MPER-V3 DNA in heterologous DC or MSC prime/ peptide boost immunizations induced high levels of IgG2a, IgG2b, IFN-γ and IL-10 directed toward Th1 responses as well as an increased level of Granzyme B. Indeed, the modified MSCs and DCs with MPER-V3 DNA could significantly enhance the MPER/V3-specific T-cell responses compared to MPER/V3 peptide immunization. CONCLUSIONS These findings showed that the modified MSC-based immunization could elicit effective immune responses against HIV antigen similar to the modified DC-based immunization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sepehr Soleymani
- Department of Hepatitis and AIDs, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amin Hadi
- National Cell Bank of Iran, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Asgari
- National Cell Bank of Iran, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Azam Bolhassani
- Department of Hepatitis and AIDs, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
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24
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NMR Structure of the FIV gp36 C-Terminal Heptad Repeat and Membrane-Proximal External Region. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21062037. [PMID: 32188158 PMCID: PMC7139756 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21062037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV), a lentivirus causing an immunodeficiency syndrome in cats, represents a relevant model of pre-screening therapies for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The envelope glycoproteins gp36 in FIV and gp41 in HIV mediate the fusion of the virus with the host cell membrane. They have a common structural framework in the C-terminal region that includes a Trp-rich membrane-proximal external region (MPER) and a C-terminal heptad repeat (CHR). MPER is essential for the correct positioning of gp36 on the lipid membrane, whereas CHR is essential for the stabilization of the low-energy six-helical bundle (6HB) that is necessary for the fusion of the virus envelope with the cell membrane. Conformational data for gp36 are missing, and several aspects of the MPER structure of different lentiviruses are still debated. In the present work, we report the structural investigation of a gp36 construct that includes the MPER and part of the CHR domain (737-786gp36 CHR–MPER). Using 2D and 3D homo and heteronuclear NMR spectra on 15N and 13C double-labelled samples, we solved the NMR structure in micelles composed of dodecyl phosphocholine (DPC) and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) 90/10 M: M. The structure of 737-786gp36 CHR–MPER is characterized by a helix–turn–helix motif, with a regular α-helix and a moderately flexible 310 helix, characterizing the CHR and the MPER domains, respectively. The two helices are linked by a flexible loop regulating their orientation at a ~43° angle. We investigated the positioning of 737-786gp36 CHR–MPER on the lipid membrane using spin label-enhanced NMR and ESR spectroscopies. On a different scale, using confocal microscopy imaging, we studied the effect of 737-786gp36 CHR–MPER on 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine/1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1’-rac-glycerol) (DOPC/DOPG) multilamellar vesicles (MLVs). This effect results in membrane budding and tubulation that is reminiscent of a membrane-plasticizing role that is typical of MPER domains during the event in which the virus envelope merges with the host cell membrane.
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Proteins mimicking epitope of HIV-1 virus neutralizing antibody induce virus-neutralizing sera in mice. EBioMedicine 2020; 47:247-256. [PMID: 31544770 PMCID: PMC6796546 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2019.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Revised: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The development of an effective vaccine preventing HIV-1 infection is hindered by the enormous antigenic variability and unique biochemical and immunological properties of HIV-1 Env glycoprotein, the most promising target for HIV-1 neutralizing antibody. Functional studies of rare elite neutralizers led to the discovery of broadly neutralizing antibodies. Methods We employed a highly complex combinatorial protein library derived from a 5 kDa albumin-binding domain scaffold, fused with support protein of total 38 kDa, to screen for binders of broadly neutralizing antibody VRC01 paratope. The most specific binders were used for immunization of experimental mice to elicit Env-specific antibodies and to test their neutralization activity using a panel of HIV-1 clade C and B pseudoviruses. Findings Three most specific binders designated as VRA017, VRA019, and VRA177 exhibited high specificity to VRC01 antibody. Immunized mice produced Env-binding antibodies which neutralize eight of twelve HIV-1 Tier 2 pseudoviruses. Molecular modelling revealed a shape complementarity between VRA proteins and a part of VRC01 gp120 interacting surface. Interpretation This strategy based on the identification of protein replicas of broadly neutralizing antibody paratope represents a novel approach in HIV-1 vaccine development. This approach is not affected by low immunogenicity of neutralization-sensitive epitopes, variability, and unique biochemical properties of HIV-1 Env used as a crucial antigen in the majority of contemporary tested vaccines. Fund Czech Health Research Council 15-32198A, Ministry of Health, Czech Republic.
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Topological analysis of the gp41 MPER on lipid bilayers relevant to the metastable HIV-1 envelope prefusion state. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:22556-22566. [PMID: 31624123 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1912427116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The membrane proximal external region (MPER) of HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein (gp) 41 is an attractive vaccine target for elicitation of broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) by vaccination. However, current details regarding the quaternary structural organization of the MPER within the native prefusion trimer [(gp120/41)3] are elusive and even contradictory, hindering rational MPER immunogen design. To better understand the structural topology of the MPER on the lipid bilayer, the adjacent transmembrane domain (TMD) was appended (MPER-TMD) and studied. Membrane insertion of the MPER-TMD was sensitive both to the TMD sequence and cytoplasmic residues. Antigen binding of MPER-specific bNAbs, in particular 10E8 and DH511.2_K3, was significantly impacted by the presence of the TMD. Furthermore, MPER-TMD assembly into 10-nm diameter nanodiscs revealed a heterogeneous membrane array comprised largely of monomers and dimers, as enumerated by bNAb Fab binding using single-particle electron microscopy analysis, arguing against preferential trimeric association of native MPER and TMD protein segments. Moreover, introduction of isoleucine mutations in the C-terminal heptad repeat to induce an extended MPER α-helical bundle structure yielded an antigenicity profile of cell surface-arrayed Env variants inconsistent with that found in the native prefusion state. In line with these observations, electron paramagnetic resonance analysis suggested that 10E8 inhibits viral membrane fusion by lifting the MPER N-terminal region out of the viral membrane, mandating the exposure of residues that would be occluded by MPER trimerization. Collectively, our data suggest that the MPER is not a stable trimer, but rather a dynamic segment adapted for structural changes accompanying fusion.
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Zhang Z, Wei X, Lin Y, Huang F, Shao J, Qi J, Deng T, Li Z, Gao S, Li S, Yu H, Zhao Q, Li S, Gu Y, Xia N. HIV-1 Membrane-Proximal External Region Fused to Diphtheria Toxin Domain-A Elicits 4E10-Like Antibodies in Mice. Immunol Lett 2019; 213:30-38. [PMID: 31356841 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2019.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Revised: 07/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The production of broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) is a major goal in the development of an HIV-1 vaccine. The membrane-proximal external region (MPER) of gp41, which plays a critical role in the virus membrane fusion process, is highly conserved and targeted by bNAbs 2F5, 4E10, and 10E8. As such, MPER could be a promising epitope for vaccine design. In this study, diphtheria toxin domain A (CRM197, amino acids 1-191) was used as a scaffold to display the 2F5 and 4E10 epitopes of MPER, named CRM197-A-2F5 and CRM197-A-4E10. Modest neutralizing activities were detected against HIV-1 clade B and D viruses in the sera from mice immunized with CRM197-A-4E10. Monoclonal antibodies raised from CRM197-A-4E10 could neutralize several HIV-1 strains, and epitope-mapping analysis indicated that some antibodies recognized the same amino acids as 4E10. Collectively, we show that 4E10-like antibodies can be induced by displaying MPER epitopes using an appropriate scaffold. These results provide insights for HIV-1 MPER-based immunogens design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Xiang Wei
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Disease, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Yanling Lin
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Disease, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Fang Huang
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Disease, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Jia Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Jialong Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Tingting Deng
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Disease, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Zizhen Li
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Disease, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Shuangquan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Shaoyong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Hai Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Qinjian Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Shaowei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Disease, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Ying Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Disease, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China.
| | - Ningshao Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Disease, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
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Rudometov AP, Rudometova NB, Shcherbakov DN, Lomzov AA, Kaplina ON, Shcherbakova NS, Ilyichev AA, Bakulina AY, Karpenko LI. The Structural and Immunological Properties of Chimeric Proteins Containing HIV-1 MPER Sites. Acta Naturae 2019; 11:56-65. [PMID: 31720017 PMCID: PMC6826149 DOI: 10.32607/20758251-2019-11-3-56-65] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) poses a serious risk to global public health. The development of a safe and effective vaccine could stop the HIV/AIDS pandemic. Much of the research focused on HIV-1 prevention through vaccination is aimed at developing immunogens and immunization strategies to induce the formation of antibodies with neutralizing activity against a broad range of HIV-1 isolates (bNAbs). The objective of this study was to develop immunogens capable of targeting an immune response to MPER, one of the regions of bNAb binding in Env. Two immunogens carrying MPER fragments on their scaffolds (protein YkuJ Bacillus subtilis and artificial polypeptide TBI) were constructed. Circular dichroism spectroscopy was used to show that the secondary structure of the immunogens was consistent with their theoretical models. The antigenic structure of the MPER-TBI and YkuJ-MPER proteins was characterized using bNAbs that recognize HIV-1 MPER (2F5, 4E10, and 10E8). The rabbit model made it possible to show the immunogenicity of the constructed recombinant proteins. The resulting serum was found to be cross-reactive with immunogens carrying MPER. The constructs designed and characterized in this study can be used for targeting the humoral immune response to MPER, which is known to be one of the sites of HIV-1 vulnerability.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. P. Rudometov
- State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology “Vector”, Koltsovo, Novosibirsk region, 630559 , Russia
| | - N. B. Rudometova
- State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology “Vector”, Koltsovo, Novosibirsk region, 630559 , Russia
| | - D. N. Shcherbakov
- State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology “Vector”, Koltsovo, Novosibirsk region, 630559 , Russia
- Altai State University, Lenin Ave. 61, Barnaul, 656049, Russia
| | - A. A. Lomzov
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine SB RAS, Ac. Lavrentieva Ave. 8, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova Str. 1, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - O. N. Kaplina
- State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology “Vector”, Koltsovo, Novosibirsk region, 630559 , Russia
| | - N. S. Shcherbakova
- State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology “Vector”, Koltsovo, Novosibirsk region, 630559 , Russia
| | - A. A. Ilyichev
- State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology “Vector”, Koltsovo, Novosibirsk region, 630559 , Russia
| | - A. Yu. Bakulina
- State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology “Vector”, Koltsovo, Novosibirsk region, 630559 , Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova Str. 1, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - L. I. Karpenko
- State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology “Vector”, Koltsovo, Novosibirsk region, 630559 , Russia
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Modified CAR T cells targeting membrane-proximal epitope of mesothelin enhances the antitumor function against large solid tumor. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:476. [PMID: 31209210 PMCID: PMC6572851 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-1711-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Mesothelin (MSLN) is an attractive antigen for chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T therapy and the epitope selection within MSLN is essential. In this study, we constructed two types of CARs targeting either region I of MSLN (meso1 CAR, also known as a membrane-distal region) or region III of MSLN (meso3 CAR, also known as a membrane-proximal region) using a modified piggyBac transposon system. We reported that, compared with meso1 CAR T cells, meso3 CAR T cells express higher levels of CD107α upon activation and produce increased levels of interleukin-2, TNF-α, and IFN-γ against multiple MSLN-expressing cancer cells in vitro. In a real-time cell analyzer system and a three-dimensional spheroid cancer cell model, we also demonstrated that meso3 CAR T cells display an enhanced killing effect compared with that of meso1 CAR T cells. More importantly, in a gastric cancer NSG mice model, meso3 CAR T cells mediated stronger antitumor responses than meso1 CAR T cells did. We further identified that meso3 CAR T cells can effectively inhibit the growth of large ovarian tumors in vivo. Collectively, our study provides evidences that meso3 CAR T-cell therapy performs as a better immunotherapy than meso1 CAR T-cell therapy in treating MSLN-positive solid tumors.
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Karch CP, Matyas GR, Burkhard P, Beck Z. Self-Assembling Protein Nanoparticles: implications for HIV-1 vaccine development. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2018; 13:2121-2125. [DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2018-0222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher P Karch
- US Military HIV Research Program, Laboratory of Adjuvant and Antigen Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA
- Henry M Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, 6720A Rockledge Drive, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA
| | - Gary R Matyas
- US Military HIV Research Program, Laboratory of Adjuvant and Antigen Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA
| | - Peter Burkhard
- Alpha-O Peptides, Lörracherstrasse 50, 4125 Riehen, Switzerland
| | - Zoltan Beck
- US Military HIV Research Program, Laboratory of Adjuvant and Antigen Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA
- Henry M Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, 6720A Rockledge Drive, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA
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Li W, Balachandran YL, Hao Y, Hao X, Li R, Nan Z, Zhang H, Shao Y, Liu Y. Amantadine Surface-Modified Silver Nanorods Improves Immunotherapy of HIV Vaccine Against HIV-Infected Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:28494-28501. [PMID: 30085647 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b10948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Surface modifications can endow nanomaterials with presupposed immunoregulatory functions to optimize vaccine-induced immune responses. In this work, we modified an immunoregulatory molecule, amantadine (Ada), on the outermost layer of PVP-PEG-coated silver nanorods (Ada-PVP-PEG silver nanorods). Such Ada surface-modified silver nanorods promote HIV vaccine-triggered cytotoxic lymphocytes (CTLs) to produce around eightfold stronger tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) in vivo. The enhancement of HIV-specific CTL-derived TNF-α significantly facilitates the death of HIV-infected cells (from 28.86 to 84.19%) and reduces HIV production (around sixfold). This work supports the critical role of surface modifications of nanomaterials in fundamentally improving the immunotherapy of HIV vaccine against HIV-infected cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiyu Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of New Technology in Agricultural Application, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Production Education , Beijing University of Agriculture , Beijing 102206 , China
| | - Yekkuni L Balachandran
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety , National Center for NanoScience and Technology , No. 11 Zhongguancun Beiyitiao , Beijing 100190 , P. R. China
| | - Yanling Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention , Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention , Beijing 100190 , China
| | - Xie Hao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of New Technology in Agricultural Application, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Production Education , Beijing University of Agriculture , Beijing 102206 , China
| | - Runzhi Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of New Technology in Agricultural Application, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Production Education , Beijing University of Agriculture , Beijing 102206 , China
| | - Zhangjie Nan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of New Technology in Agricultural Application, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Production Education , Beijing University of Agriculture , Beijing 102206 , China
| | - Hongying Zhang
- College of Tobacco Science , Henan Agricultural University , Zhengzhou 450002 , China
| | - Yiming Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention , Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention , Beijing 100190 , China
| | - Ye Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety , National Center for NanoScience and Technology , No. 11 Zhongguancun Beiyitiao , Beijing 100190 , P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , P. R. China
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