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Bugajska-Liedtke M, Fatyga N, Brzozowski A, Bajek A, Maj M. Anaesthetics reduce the viability of adipose-derived stem cells. Adipocyte 2024; 13:2351870. [PMID: 38779963 PMCID: PMC11123512 DOI: 10.1080/21623945.2024.2351870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) are characterized by their low immunogenicity and unique immunosuppressive properties, providing many opportunities for autologous transplantation in regenerative medicine and plastic surgery. These methods are characterized by low rejection rates and intense stimulation of tissue regeneration. However, procedures during which fat tissue is harvested occur under local anaesthesia. To better understand the effects and mechanisms of anaesthetic compounds in cosmetic and therapeutic procedures, the present study used a mixture of these compounds (0.1% epinephrine, 8.4% sodium bicarbonate, and 4% articaine) and examined their impact on a human adipose-derived stem cell line. The results showed anesthetics' negative, dose-dependent effect on cell viability and proliferation, especially during the first 24 h of incubation. After extending the exposure to 48 and 72 h of incubation, cells adapted to new culture conditions. In contrast, no significant changes were observed in immunophenotype, cell cycle progression, and apoptosis. The results obtained from this study provide information on the effect of the selected mixture of anaesthetics on the characteristics and function of ASC52telo cells. The undesirable changes in the metabolic activity of cells suggest the need to search for new drugs to harvest cells with unaltered properties and higher efficacy in aesthetic medicine treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Bugajska-Liedtke
- Department of Tissue Engineering, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Nadia Fatyga
- Department of Tissue Engineering, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Aleksander Brzozowski
- Department of Tissue Engineering, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Anna Bajek
- Department of Oncology, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Maj
- Department of Tissue Engineering, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Bydgoszcz, Poland
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2
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Gareev I, Beylerli O, Ilyasova T, Ahmad A, Shi H, Chekhonin V. Therapeutic application of adipose-derived stromal vascular fraction in myocardial infarction. iScience 2024; 27:109791. [PMID: 38736548 PMCID: PMC11088339 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The insufficiency of natural regeneration processes in higher organisms, including humans, underlies myocardial infarction (MI), which is one of the main causes of disability and mortality in the population of developed countries. The solution to this problem lies in the field of revealing the mechanisms of regeneration and creating on this basis new technologies for stimulating endogenous regenerative processes or replacing lost parts of tissues and organs with transplanted cells. Of great interest is the use of the so-called stromal vascular fraction (SVF), derived from autologous adipose tissue. It is known that the main functions of SVF are angiogenetic, antiapoptotic, antifibrotic, immune regulation, anti-inflammatory, and trophic. This study presents data on the possibility of using SVF, targeted regulation of its properties and reparative potential, as well as the results of research studies on its use for the restoration of damaged ischemic tissue after MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilgiz Gareev
- Bashkir State Medical University, Ufa 450008, Russian Federation
| | - Ozal Beylerli
- Bashkir State Medical University, Ufa 450008, Russian Federation
| | - Tatiana Ilyasova
- Bashkir State Medical University, Ufa 450008, Russian Federation
| | - Aamir Ahmad
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Huaizhang Shi
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 1500, China
| | - Vladimir Chekhonin
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation
- Serbsky Federal Medical Research Centre of Psychiatry and Narcology of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation
- The National Medical Research Center for Endocrinology, Moscow, Russian Federation
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3
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Acun A, Fan L, Oganesyan R, Uygun KM, Yeh H, Yarmush ML, Uygun BE. Effect of Donor Age and Liver Steatosis on Potential of Decellularized Liver Matrices to be used as a Platform for iPSC-Hepatocyte Culture. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2302943. [PMID: 38266310 PMCID: PMC11102338 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202302943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Decellularization of discarded whole livers and their recellularization with patient-specific induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) to develop a functional organ is a promising approach to increasing the donor pool. The effect of extracellular matrix (ECM) of marginal livers on iPSC-hepatocyte differentiation and function has not been shown. To test the effect of donor liver ECM age and steatosis, young and old, as well as no, low, and high steatosis livers, are decellularized. All livers are decellularized successfully. High steatosis livers have fat remaining on the ECM after decellularization. Old donor liver ECM induces lower marker expression in early differentiation stages, compared to young liver ECM, while this difference is closed at later stages and do not affect iPSC-hepatocyte function significantly. High steatosis levels of liver ECM lead to higher albumin mRNA expression and secretion while at later stages of differentiation expression of major cytochrome (CYP) 450 enzymes is highest in low steatosis liver ECM. Both primary human hepatocytes and iPSC-hepatocytes show an increase in fat metabolism marker expression with increasing steatosis levels most likely induced by excess fat remaining on the ECM. Overall, removal of excess fat from liver ECM may be needed for inducing proper hepatic function after recellularization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aylin Acun
- Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Shriners Children’s, Boston, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Widener University, Chester, PA, 19013, USA
| | - Letao Fan
- Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Shriners Children’s, Boston, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Ruben Oganesyan
- Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Shriners Children’s, Boston, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Korkut M. Uygun
- Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Shriners Children’s, Boston, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Heidi Yeh
- Shriners Children’s, Boston, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Martin L. Yarmush
- Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Shriners Children’s, Boston, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Basak E. Uygun
- Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Shriners Children’s, Boston, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
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4
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Feng J, Fu S, Luan J. Harnessing fine fibers in decellularized adipose-derived matrix for enhanced adipose regeneration. Mater Today Bio 2024; 25:100974. [PMID: 38322660 PMCID: PMC10844111 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.100974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Decellularized Adipose-Derived Matrix (DAM) has the function of inducing adipogenesis, but the distribution of adipogenesis is uneven. We found for the first time that DAM contains two structural components: The tough fibers DAM (T-DAM) and the fine fibers DAM (F-DAM). T-DAM was a dense vortex structure composed of a large number of coarse fibers, characterized by myoblast-related proteins, which cannot achieve fat regeneration and forms a typical "adipose-free zone". While the F-DAM was a loose structure consisting of uniform fine fibers, has more matrix-related proteins and adipose-related proteins. It can not only better promote the adhesion and proliferation of adipose stem cells in vitro, but also achieve the regeneration of adipose tissue in vivo earlier and better, with a uniform range of adipogenesis. The F-DAM is the main and effective kind of DAM to initiate adipose tissue regeneration, which can be picked out by ultrasound fragmentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayi Feng
- Department of Aesthetic and Reconstructive Breast Surgery, Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100144, China
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5
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Quan Y, Li J, Cai J, Liao Y, Zhang Y, Lu F. Transplantation of beige adipose organoids fabricated using adipose acellular matrix hydrogel improves metabolic dysfunction in high-fat diet-induced obesity and type 2 diabetes mice. J Cell Physiol 2024; 239:e31191. [PMID: 38219044 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.31191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
Transplantation of brown adipose tissue (BAT) is a promising approach for treating obesity and metabolic disorders. However, obtaining sufficient amounts of functional BAT or brown adipocytes for transplantation remains a major challenge. In this study, we developed a hydrogel that combining adipose acellular matrix (AAM) and GelMA and HAMA that can be adjusted for stiffness by modulating the duration of light-crosslinking. We used human white adipose tissue-derived microvascular fragments to create beige adipose organoids (BAO) that were encapsulated in either a soft or stiff AAM hydrogel. We found that BAOs cultivated in AAM hydrogels with high stiffness demonstrated increased metabolic activity and upregulation of thermogenesis-related genes. When transplanted into obese and type 2 diabetes mice, the HFD + BAO group showed sustained improvements in metabolic rate, resulting in significant weight loss and decreased blood glucose levels. Furthermore, the mice showed a marked reduction in nonalcoholic liver steatosis, indicating improved liver function. In contrast, transplantation of 2D-cultured beige adipocytes failed to produce these beneficial effects. Our findings demonstrate the feasibility of fabricating beige adipose organoids in vitro and administering them by injection, which may represent a promising therapeutic approach for obesity and diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuping Quan
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jian Li
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Junrong Cai
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yunjun Liao
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yuteng Zhang
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Feng Lu
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
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Sun Z, Fukui M, Taketani S, Kako A, Kunieda S, Kakudo N. Predominant control of PDGF/PDGF receptor signaling in the migration and proliferation of human adipose‑derived stem cells under culture conditions with a combination of growth factors. Exp Ther Med 2024; 27:156. [PMID: 38476902 PMCID: PMC10928992 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2024.12444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Human adipose-derived stem cells (hASCs) play important roles in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering. However, their clinical applications are limited because of their instability during cell culture. Platelet lysates (PLTs) contain large amounts of growth factors that are useful for manufacturing cellular products. Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) is a major growth factor in PLTs and a potent mitogen in hASCs. To optimize growth conditions, the effects of a combination of growth factors on the promotion of hASC proliferation were investigated. Moreover, PDGF-BB combined with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) markedly enhanced the viability of hASCs compared with the effects of PDGF-BB alone. Neither VEGF nor HGF had any effect alone. All growth factor receptor inhibitors inhibited cell proliferation. Wound healing assays revealed that VEGF and HGF stimulated PDGF-dependent cell migration. The effects of these growth factors on the activation of their cognate receptors and signaling enzymes were assessed using immunoblotting. Phosphorylation of PDGF receptor (PDGFR)β, VEGF receptor (VEGFR)2 and MET proto-oncogene and receptor tyrosine kinase was induced by PDGF-BB treatment, and was further increased by treatment with PDGF-BB/VEGF and PDGF-BB/HGF. The levels of phospho-ERK1/2 and phospho-p38MAPK were increased by these treatments in parallel. Furthermore, the expression levels of SRY-box transcription factor 2 and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor g were increased in PDGF-BB-treated cells, and PDGF-BB played a dominant role in spheroid formation. The findings of the present study highlighted that PDGF/PDGFR signaling played a predominant role in the proliferation and migration of hASCs, and suggested that PDGF was responsible for the efficacy of other growth factors when hASCs were cultured with PLTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongxin Sun
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Osaka 573-1010, Japan
| | - Michika Fukui
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Osaka 573-1010, Japan
| | - Shigeru Taketani
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Osaka 573-1010, Japan
| | - Ayako Kako
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Osaka 573-1010, Japan
| | - Sakurako Kunieda
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Osaka 573-1010, Japan
| | - Natsuko Kakudo
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Osaka 573-1010, Japan
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7
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Hagberg CE, Spalding KL. White adipocyte dysfunction and obesity-associated pathologies in humans. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2024; 25:270-289. [PMID: 38086922 DOI: 10.1038/s41580-023-00680-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
The prevalence of obesity and associated chronic diseases continues to increase worldwide, negatively impacting on societies and economies. Whereas the association between excess body weight and increased risk for developing a multitude of diseases is well established, the initiating mechanisms by which weight gain impairs our metabolic health remain surprisingly contested. In order to better address the myriad of disease states associated with obesity, it is essential to understand adipose tissue dysfunction and develop strategies for reinforcing adipocyte health. In this Review we outline the diverse physiological functions and pathological roles of human white adipocytes, examining our current knowledge of why white adipocytes are vital for systemic metabolic control, yet poorly adapted to our current obesogenic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina E Hagberg
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kirsty L Spalding
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
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8
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Lim NK, Jeon HB, Kim S. The transdifferentiation of human dedifferentiated fat cells into fibroblasts: An in vitro experimental pilot study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e37595. [PMID: 38552064 PMCID: PMC10977558 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000037595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Skin grafting is a common method of treating damaged skin; however, surgical complications may arise in patients with poor health. Currently, no effective conservative treatment is available for extensive skin loss. Mature adipocytes, which constitute a substantial portion of adipose tissue, have recently emerged as a potential source of stemness. When de-lipidated, these cells exhibit fibroblast-like characteristics and the ability to redifferentiate, offering homogeneity and research utility as "dedifferentiated fat cells." METHODS AND RESULTS We conducted an in vitro study to induce fibroblast-like traits in the adipose tissue by transdifferentiating mature adipocytes for skin regeneration. Human subcutaneous fat tissues were isolated and purified from mature adipocytes that underwent a transformation process over 14 days of cultivation. Microscopic analysis revealed lipid degradation over time, ultimately transforming cells into fibroblast-like forms. Flow cytometry was used to verify their characteristics, highlighting markers such as CD90 and CD105 (mesenchymal stem cell markers) and CD56 and CD106 (for detecting fibroblast characteristics). Administering dedifferentiated fat cells with transforming growth factor-β at the identified optimal differentiation concentration of 5 ng/mL for a span of 14 days led to heightened expression of alpha smooth muscle actin and fibronectin, as evidenced by RNA and protein analysis. Meanwhile, functional validation through cell sorting demonstrated limited fibroblast marker expression in both treated and untreated cells after transdifferentiation by transforming growth factor-β. CONCLUSION Although challenges remain in achieving more effective transformation and definitive fibroblast differentiation, our trial could pave the way for a novel skin regeneration treatment strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nam Kyu Lim
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Chungcheongnamdo, Republic of Korea
- Dankook Physician Scientist Research Center (DPSRC), Dankook University Hospital, Cheonan, Chungcheongnamdo, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong Bae Jeon
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Chungcheongnamdo, Republic of Korea
- Dankook Physician Scientist Research Center (DPSRC), Dankook University Hospital, Cheonan, Chungcheongnamdo, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungyeon Kim
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Chungcheongnamdo, Republic of Korea
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Kang Y, Yeo M, Derman ID, Ravnic DJ, Singh YP, Alioglu MA, Wu Y, Makkar J, Driskell RR, Ozbolat IT. Intraoperative bioprinting of human adipose-derived stem cells and extra-cellular matrix induces hair follicle-like downgrowths and adipose tissue formation during full-thickness craniomaxillofacial skin reconstruction. Bioact Mater 2024; 33:114-128. [PMID: 38024230 PMCID: PMC10665670 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2023.10.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Craniomaxillofacial (CMF) reconstruction is a challenging clinical dilemma. It often necessitates skin replacement in the form of autologous graft or flap surgery, which differ from one another based on hypodermal/dermal content. Unfortunately, both approaches are plagued by scarring, poor cosmesis, inadequate restoration of native anatomy and hair, alopecia, donor site morbidity, and potential for failure. Therefore, new reconstructive approaches are warranted, and tissue engineered skin represents an exciting alternative. In this study, we demonstrated the reconstruction of CMF full-thickness skin defects using intraoperative bioprinting (IOB), which enabled the repair of defects via direct bioprinting of multiple layers of skin on immunodeficient rats in a surgical setting. Using a newly formulated patient-sourced allogenic bioink consisting of both human adipose-derived extracellular matrix (adECM) and stem cells (ADSCs), skin loss was reconstructed by precise deposition of the hypodermal and dermal components under three different sets of animal studies. adECM, even at a very low concentration such as 2 % or less, has shown to be bioprintable via droplet-based bioprinting and exhibited de novo adipogenic capabilities both in vitro and in vivo. Our findings demonstrate that the combinatorial delivery of adECM and ADSCs facilitated the reconstruction of three full-thickness skin defects, accomplishing near-complete wound closure within two weeks. More importantly, both hypodermal adipogenesis and downgrowth of hair follicle-like structures were achieved in this two-week time frame. Our approach illustrates the translational potential of using human-derived materials and IOB technologies for full-thickness skin loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youngnam Kang
- Engineering Science and Mechanics Department, Penn State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
- The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Penn State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Miji Yeo
- Engineering Science and Mechanics Department, Penn State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
- The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Penn State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Irem Deniz Derman
- Engineering Science and Mechanics Department, Penn State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
- The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Penn State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Dino J. Ravnic
- The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Penn State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Penn State University, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Yogendra Pratap Singh
- Engineering Science and Mechanics Department, Penn State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
- The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Penn State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Mecit Altan Alioglu
- Engineering Science and Mechanics Department, Penn State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
- The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Penn State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Yang Wu
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Jasson Makkar
- School of Molecular Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164, USA
| | - Ryan R. Driskell
- School of Molecular Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164, USA
| | - Ibrahim T. Ozbolat
- Engineering Science and Mechanics Department, Penn State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
- The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Penn State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Penn State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
- Materials Research Institute, Penn State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Pennsylvania State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
- Penn State Cancer Institute, Penn State University, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cukurova University, Adana, 01130, Turkey
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10
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Surico PL, Scarabosio A, Miotti G, Grando M, Salati C, Parodi PC, Spadea L, Zeppieri M. Unlocking the versatile potential: Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells in ocular surface reconstruction and oculoplastics. World J Stem Cells 2024; 16:89-101. [PMID: 38455097 PMCID: PMC10915950 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v16.i2.89] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024] Open
Abstract
This review comprehensively explores the versatile potential of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) with a specific focus on adipose-derived MSCs. Ophthalmic and oculoplastic surgery, encompassing diverse procedures for ocular and periocular enhancement, demands advanced solutions for tissue restoration, functional and aesthetic refinement, and aging. Investigating immunomodulatory, regenerative, and healing capacities of MSCs, this review underscores the potential use of adipose-derived MSCs as a cost-effective alternative from bench to bedside, addressing common unmet needs in the field of reconstructive and regenerative surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pier Luigi Surico
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Mass Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, United States
- Department of Ophthalmology, Campus Bio-Medico University, Rome 00128, Italy
| | - Anna Scarabosio
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University Hospital of Udine, Udine 33100, Italy
| | - Giovanni Miotti
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University Hospital of Udine, Udine 33100, Italy
| | - Martina Grando
- Department of Internal Medicine, Azienda Sanitaria Friuli Occidentale, San Vito al Tagliamento 33078, Italy
| | - Carlo Salati
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Udine, Udine 33100, Italy
| | - Pier Camillo Parodi
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University Hospital of Udine, Udine 33100, Italy
| | - Leopoldo Spadea
- Eye Clinic, Policlinico Umberto I, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome 00142, Italy
| | - Marco Zeppieri
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Udine, Udine 33100, Italy.
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11
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Bhar B, Ranta P, Samudrala PK, Mandal BB. Omentum Extracellular Matrix-Silk Fibroin Hydroscaffold Promotes Wound Healing through Vascularization and Tissue Remodeling in the Diabetic Rat Model. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2024; 10:1090-1105. [PMID: 38275123 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.3c01877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Nonhealing diabetic wounds are often associated with significant mortality and cause economic and clinical burdens to the healthcare system. Herein, a biomimetic hydroscaffold is developed using omentum tissue-derived decellularized-extracellular matrix (dECM) and silk fibroin (SF) proteins that associate the behavior of a collagenous fibrous scaffold and a hydrogel to reproduce all aspects of the provisional skin tissue matrix. The chemical cross-linker-free in situ gelation property of the two types of SF proteins from Bombyx mori and Antheraea assamensis ensures the adherence of dECM with surrounding tissue on the wound bed, circumventing further suturing. The physicochemical and mechanical properties of the composite hydroscaffold (SF-dECM) were thoroughly evaluated. The hydroscaffolds were found to support the growth and proliferation of human dermal fibroblasts and influence the angiogenic potential of endothelial cells under in vitro conditions. Furthermore, the healing efficacy of the composites was evaluated by generating full-thickness wounds on a streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat model. The presence of dECM components in the composite facilitated the rate of wound closure, granulation tissue formation, and re-epithelialization by providing intrinsic cues to advance the inflammatory stage and stimulating angiogenesis. Collectively, as an off-the-shelf wound dressing requiring only a single topical administration, the SF-dECM hydroscaffold is a promising, cost-effective dressing for the management of chronic diabetic wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bibrita Bhar
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Priyanka Ranta
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical and Educational Research Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781101, India
| | - Pavan Kumar Samudrala
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical and Educational Research Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781101, India
| | - Biman B Mandal
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
- Centre for Nanotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
- Jyoti and Bhupat Mehta School of Health Sciences and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
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Sun Y, Wu G, Dai T, Li S, Cao W, Dai T. Stromal Vascular Fraction Gel (SVF-Gel) Combined with Nanofat for Tear Trough Deformity. Aesthetic Plast Surg 2024; 48:213-220. [PMID: 37957391 DOI: 10.1007/s00266-023-03698-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tear trough deformity makes patients appear tired. Patients with less severe tear trough deformity prefer a less invasive method to correct the deformity. The infraorbital area is a multilayered tissue, and the aging of various components leads to tear trough deformity. To this end, we utilized the different characteristics of different fat derivatives to correct tear trough deformity. METHODS Thirty-two patients with Barton Grade I/II tear trough deformity were enrolled in this study between September 2020 and March 2021. We injected Stromal Vascular Fraction Gel (SVF-Gel) into the suborbicularis oculi fat layer and Nanofat into the subcutaneous. After 12 months of follow-up, we evaluated the changes using standardized clinical photogrammetric techniques, volume, global aesthetic improvement scale, and patient self-evaluation. RESULTS There were no major complications in any of the 32 patients. The measured data points demonstrated improvements in all aesthetic parameters. The width of the tear trough and the distance from the pupil to the tear trough improved. The Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale (GAIS) showed a high score (2.45±0.64 points), with patient self-assessment showing satisfactory results. CONCLUSION SVF-Gel combined with Nanofat injection can effectively correct tear trough deformities. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE IV This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyu Sun
- Department of Wound Reconstructive Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Gaoyang Wu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhi Zao Ju Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Dai
- Department of Wound Reconstructive Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shengli Li
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhi Zao Ju Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Weigang Cao
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhi Zao Ju Road, Shanghai, China.
| | - Tingting Dai
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhi Zao Ju Road, Shanghai, China.
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Dirat B, Samouillan V, Dandurand J, Gardou JP, Walter V, Santran V. Positive effects of hypoxic preconditioning of the extracellular matrix and stromal vascular fraction from adipose tissue. JPRAS Open 2023; 38:173-185. [PMID: 37920282 PMCID: PMC10618624 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpra.2023.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Numerous approaches have been developed to decelerate the aging process of facial skin. Synthetic fillers and cell-enriched fat grafts are the main procedures employed to fill wrinkles. Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro and in vivo safety and efficiency of a new process developed by SYMBIOKEN: the AmeaCell, which facilitates the extraction of the stromal vascular fraction (SVF) and the associated hypoxia pre-conditioned matrix to promote fat graft survival. Methods The AmeaCell device allows the extraction from adipose tissue of SVF and pre-conditioned MatriCS and promotes a hypoxic environment. Experiments were carried out on human cells and then in mice. Results Characterization of cells and MatriCS showed that after their extraction using the new process developed by SYMBIOKEN, the extracted cells expressed stem-cell markers. The presence of characteristic proteins and lipid fractions found in the adipose matrix were confirmed in MatriCS. Cobalt chloride treatment of the matrix using the AmeaCell device induced modifications in the matrix composition with a decrease in laminin and without collagen modification, both of which promote adhesion and differentiation of SVF or adipose-derived stromal cells. The combination of MatriCS and SVF (1 × 106 and 5 × 106, respectively) is safe and efficient to fill winkles induced by UVB irradiation. The cross-talk between MatriCS and SVF can act a durable filler compared to the filling performed using cells or matrix or fat alone, which need to be replaced frequently. Conclusion These results indicate that the combination of MatriCS and SVF is safe and effective as a biological filler for achieving skin rejuvenation and wrinkle filling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Béatrice Dirat
- SYMBIOKEN, 42 avenue du Général de Croutte, 31100 Toulouse, France
| | - Valérie Samouillan
- PHYPOL, CIRIMAT, Institut Carnot Chimie Balard CIRIMAT, Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Jany Dandurand
- PHYPOL, CIRIMAT, Institut Carnot Chimie Balard CIRIMAT, Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Gardou
- LAPLACE, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, Université Paul Sabatier, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Valérie Walter
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Clinique la Croix du Sud, 31130 Quint Fonsegrive, France
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Mineta S, Endo S, Ueno T. Optimization of decellularization methods using human small intestinal submucosa for scaffold generation in regenerative medicine. Int J Exp Pathol 2023; 104:313-320. [PMID: 37622735 PMCID: PMC10652692 DOI: 10.1111/iep.12492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Porcine small intestinal submucosa, despite its successful use as a scaffold in regenerative medicine, has innate biomechanical heterogeneity. In this study, we hypothesized that human small intestinal submucosa could be a viable alternative bio-scaffold. For the first time, we characterize submucosal extraction from human small intestine and examine appropriate decellularization methods. In total, 16 human small intestinal submucosal samples were obtained and decellularized using three reported methods of porcine decellularization: Abraham, Badylak, and Luo. For each method, four specimens were decellularized. The remaining four specimens were designated as non-decellularized. We measured the amount of residual DNA and growth factors in decellularized human intestinal samples. Additionally, decellularized human small intestinal submucosa was co-cultured with mouse bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells to examine mesenchymal stem cell survival and proliferation. The reference value for the amount of residual DNA deemed appropriate in decellularized tissue was established as 50 ng/mg of extracellular matrix dry weight or less. Abraham's method most successfully met this criterion. Measurement of residual growth factors revealed low levels observed in samples decellularized using the Abraham and Badylak methods. Co-culture of each small intestinal submucosal sample with mouse bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells confirmed viable cell survival and proliferation in samples derived using protocols by Abraham and Badylak. Abraham's method most successfully met the criteria for efficient tissue decellularization and cell viability and proliferation. Thus, we consider this method most suitable for decellularization of human small intestinal submucosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shumei Mineta
- Department of Digestive SurgeryKawasaki Medical SchoolKurashikiJapan
| | - Shunji Endo
- Department of Digestive SurgeryKawasaki Medical SchoolKurashikiJapan
| | - Tomio Ueno
- Department of Digestive SurgeryKawasaki Medical SchoolKurashikiJapan
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15
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Harimi S, Khansarinejad B, Fesahat F, Mondanizadeh M. Hsa-miR-15b-5p/miR-195-5p Controls Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Through Regulating Indian Hedgehog Expression. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2023:10.1007/s12010-023-04777-3. [PMID: 37964167 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-023-04777-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
Osteoblastogenesis is regulated by several signaling pathways like hedgehog signaling. Of three types of mammalian Hedgehog genes, the Indian Hedgehog (Ihh) plays an important role in the formation of the skeleton. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) isolated from adipose tissue have been considered a good source of osteoblast differentiation. Evidence also suggests that miRNAs play an important role in regulating key stages of osteoblast differentiation. In this study, two miRNAs targeting the Ihh were predicted by using bioinformatics analysis. ASCs were successfully derived, purified, and characterized from human adipose tissue. ASCs were chemically induced into osteoblast cells. Then, differentiation was confirmed by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and Alizarin red staining. The relative expression of Ihh and related miRNAs was evaluated after 0, 7, 14, and 21 from the differentiation duration. The results of bioinformatics data showed that has-miR-195-5p and has-miR-15b-5p target the Ihh gene. The expression of Ihh significantly increased in a time-dependent manner in the differentiation process. In contrast, miR-195-5p and miR-15b-5p were significantly downregulated dependent on time duration (P < 0.01). Overall, the data indicate the antithetical regulation of Ihh versus has-miR-195-5p and has-miR-15b-5p during the differentiation process. These results support the hypothesis that these mi-RNAs could target the Ihh in the pathway of osteoblast differentiation derived from human ASCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samaneh Harimi
- Department of Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
- Reproductive Immunology Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | | | - Farzaneh Fesahat
- Reproductive Immunology Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
| | - Mahdieh Mondanizadeh
- Department of Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran.
- Molecular and Medicine Research Center, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran.
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Kang Y, Yeo M, Derman ID, Ravnic DJ, Singh YP, Alioglu MA, Wu Y, Makkar J, Driskell RR, Ozbolat IT. Intraoperative Bioprinting of Human Adipose-derived Stem cells and Extra-cellular Matrix Induces Hair Follicle-Like Downgrowths and Adipose Tissue Formation during Full-thickness Craniomaxillofacial Skin Reconstruction. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.10.03.560695. [PMID: 37873077 PMCID: PMC10592950 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.03.560695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Craniomaxillofacial (CMF) reconstruction is a challenging clinical dilemma. It often necessitates skin replacement in the form of autologous graft or flap surgery, which differ from one another based on hypodermal/dermal content. Unfortunately, both approaches are plagued by scarring, poor cosmesis, inadequate restoration of native anatomy and hair, alopecia, donor site morbidity, and potential for failure. Therefore, new reconstructive approaches are warranted, and tissue engineered skin represents an exciting alternative. In this study, we demonstrated the reconstruction of CMF full-thickness skin defects using intraoperative bioprinting (IOB), which enabled the repair of defects via direct bioprinting of multiple layers of skin on immunodeficient rats in a surgical setting. Using a newly formulated patient-sourced allogenic bioink consisting of both human adipose-derived extracellular matrix (adECM) and stem cells (ADSCs), skin loss was reconstructed by precise deposition of the hypodermal and dermal components under three different sets of animal studies. adECM, even at a very low concentration such as 2% or less, has shown to be bioprintable via droplet-based bioprinting and exhibited de novo adipogenic capabilities both in vitro and in vivo . Our findings demonstrate that the combinatorial delivery of adECM and ADSCs facilitated the reconstruction of three full-thickness skin defects, accomplishing near-complete wound closure within two weeks. More importantly, both hypodermal adipogenesis and downgrowth of hair follicle-like structures were achieved in this two-week time frame. Our approach illustrates the translational potential of using human-derived materials and IOB technologies for full-thickness skin loss.
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17
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Ru J, Zhang Q, Zhu S, Cai J, He Y, Lu F. Delivery of adipose-derived growth factors from heparinized adipose acellular matrix accelerates wound healing. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1270618. [PMID: 37854882 PMCID: PMC10579818 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1270618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Dermal white adipocytes are closely associated with skin homeostasis and wound healing. However, it has not been fully investigated whether adipose-derived products improve wound healing. Here, we obtained adipose acellular matrix (AAM) and adipose-derived growth factors (ADGFs) from human adipose tissue and fabricated an ADGF-loaded AAM via surface modification with heparin. The product, HEP-ADGF-AAM, contained an adipose-derived scaffold and released ADGFs in a controlled fashion. To test its efficacy in promoting wound healing, mice with full thickness wound received three different treatments: HEP-ADGF-AAM, AAM and ADM. Control mice received no further treatments. Among these treatments, HEP-ADGF-AAM best improved wound healing. It induced adipogenesis in situ after in vivo implantation and provided an adipogenic microenvironment for wounds by releasing ADGFs. HEP-ADGF-AAM not only induced adipocyte regeneration, but also enhanced fibroblast migration, promoted vessel formation, accelerated wound closure, and enhanced wound epithelialization. Moreover, there was a close interaction between HEP-ADGF-AAM and the wound bed, and collagen was turned over in HEP-ADGF-AAM. These results show that HEP-ADGF-AAM might substantially improve re-epithelialization, angiogenesis, and skin appendage regeneration, and is thus a promising therapeutic biomaterial for skin wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Yunfan He
- *Correspondence: Yunfan He, ; Feng Lu,
| | - Feng Lu
- *Correspondence: Yunfan He, ; Feng Lu,
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18
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Patrawalla NY, Kajave NS, Albanna MZ, Kishore V. Collagen and Beyond: A Comprehensive Comparison of Human ECM Properties Derived from Various Tissue Sources for Regenerative Medicine Applications. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:363. [PMID: 37504858 PMCID: PMC10381652 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14070363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Collagen, along with proteoglycans, glycosaminoglycans, glycoproteins, and various growth factors, forms the extracellular matrix (ECM) and contributes to the complexity and diversity of different tissues. Herein, we compared the physicochemical and biological properties of ECM hydrogels derived from four different human tissues: skin, bone, fat, and birth. Pure human collagen type I hydrogels were used as control. Physical characterization of ECM hydrogels and assessment of cell response of cord-tissue mesenchymal stem cells (CMSCs) were performed. Decellularization efficiency was found to be >90% for all ECM. Hydroxyproline quantification assay showed that collagen content in birth ECM was comparable to collagen control and significantly greater than other sources of ECM. Sodium dodecyl-sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) analysis showed the presence of γ, β, α1 and α2 collagen chains in all ECMs. Gelation kinetics of ECM hydrogels was significantly slower than collagen control. Compressive modulus of skin ECM was the highest and birth ECM was the lowest. Skin and birth ECM hydrogels were more stable than bone and fat ECM hydrogels. CMSCs encapsulated in birth ECM hydrogels exhibited the highest metabolic activity. Rheological characterization revealed that all ECM-derived inks exhibited shear thinning properties, and skin-derived ECM inks were most suitable for extrusion-based bioprinting for the concentration and printing conditions used in this study. Overall, results demonstrate that the physicochemical and biological properties of ECM hydrogels vary significantly depending on the tissue source. Therefore, careful selection of tissue source is important for development of ECM-based biomimetic tissue constructs for regenerative medicine applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nashaita Y Patrawalla
- Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering and Sciences, Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, FL 32901, USA
| | | | - Mohammad Z Albanna
- Humabiologics® Inc., Phoenix, AZ 85034, USA
- Department of General Surgery, Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist, Winston-Salem, NC 27101, USA
| | - Vipuil Kishore
- Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering and Sciences, Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, FL 32901, USA
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19
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Feng J, Fu S, Luan J. Selection of Mechanical Fragmentation Methods Based on Enzyme-Free Preparation of Decellularized Adipose-Derived Matrix. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:758. [PMID: 37508785 PMCID: PMC10376183 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10070758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The decellularized adipose-derived matrix (DAM) has emerged as a promising biomaterial for inducing adipose tissue regeneration. Various methods have been employed to produce DAM, among which the enzyme-free method is a relatively recent preparation technique. The mechanical fragmentation step plays a crucial role in determining the efficacy of the enzyme-free preparation. METHODS The adipose tissue underwent fragmentation through the application of ultrasonication, homogenization, and freeze ball milling. This study compared the central temperature of the mixture immediately following crushing, the quantity of oil obtained after centrifugation, and the thickness of the middle layer. Fluorescence staining was utilized to compare the residual cell activity of the broken fat in the middle layer, while electron microscopy was employed to assess the integrity and properties of the adipocytes among the three methods. The primary products obtained through the three methods were subsequently subjected to processing using the enzyme-free method DAM. The assessment of degreasing and denucleation of DAM was conducted through HE staining, oil red staining, and determination of DNA residues. Subsequently, the ultrasonication-DAM (U-DAM) and homogenation-DAM (H-DAM) were implanted bilaterally on the back of immunocompromised mice, and a comparative analysis of their adipogenic and angiogenic effects in vivo was performed. RESULTS Oil discharge following ultrasonication and homogenization was significantly higher compared to that observed after freeze ball milling (p < 0.001), despite the latter exhibiting the lowest center temperature (p < 0.001). The middle layer was found to be thinnest after ultrasonication (p < 0.001), and most of the remaining cells were observed to be dead following fragmentation. Except for DAM obtained through freeze ball milling, DAM obtained through ultrasonication and homogenization could be completely denucleated and degreased. In the in vivo experiment, the first adipocytes were observed in U-DAM as early as 1 week after implantation, but not in H-DAM. After 8 weeks, a significant number of adipocytes were regenerated in both groups, but the U-DAM group demonstrated a more efficient adipose regeneration than in H-DAM (p = 0.0057). CONCLUSIONS Ultrasonication and homogenization are effective mechanical fragmentation methods for breaking down adipocytes at the initial stage, enabling the production of DAM through an enzyme-free method that facilitates successful regeneration of adipose tissues in vivo. Furthermore, the enzyme-free method, which is based on the ultrasonication pre-fragmentation approach, exhibits superior performance in terms of denucleation, degreasing, and the removal of non-adipocyte matrix components, thereby resulting in the highest in vivo adipogenic induction efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayi Feng
- Breast Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Center, Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100144, China
| | - Su Fu
- Breast Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Center, Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100144, China
| | - Jie Luan
- Breast Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Center, Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100144, China
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20
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Vliora M, Ravelli C, Grillo E, Corsini M, Flouris AD, Mitola S. The impact of adipokines on vascular networks in adipose tissue. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2023; 69:61-72. [PMID: 35953434 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2022.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Adipose tissue (AT) is a highly active and plastic endocrine organ. It secretes numerous soluble molecules known as adipokines, which act locally to AT control the remodel and homeostasis or exert pleiotropic functions in different peripheral organs. Aberrant production or loss of certain adipokines contributes to AT dysfunction associated with metabolic disorders, including obesity. The AT plasticity is strictly related to tissue vascularization. Angiogenesis supports the AT expansion, while regression of blood vessels is associated with AT hypoxia, which in turn mediates tissue inflammation, fibrosis and metabolic dysfunction. Several adipokines can regulate endothelial cell functions and are endowed with either pro- or anti-angiogenic properties. Here we address the role of adipokines in the regulation of angiogenesis. A better understanding of the link between adipokines and angiogenesis will open the way for novel therapeutic approaches to treat obesity and metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Vliora
- FAME Laboratory, Department of Exercise Science, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece; Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Via Branze 39, Brescia, Italy
| | - Cosetta Ravelli
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Via Branze 39, Brescia, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Grillo
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Via Branze 39, Brescia, Italy
| | - Michela Corsini
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Via Branze 39, Brescia, Italy
| | - Andreas D Flouris
- FAME Laboratory, Department of Exercise Science, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece
| | - Stefania Mitola
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Via Branze 39, Brescia, Italy.
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Zhao J, Pan H, Liu Y, He Y, Shi H, Ge C. Interacting Networks of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Ovarian Axis Regulate Layer Hens Performance. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:141. [PMID: 36672882 PMCID: PMC9859134 DOI: 10.3390/genes14010141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Egg production is a vital biological and economic trait for poultry breeding. The 'hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian (HPO) axis' determines the egg production, which affects the layer hens industry income. At the organism level, the HPO axis is influenced by the factors related to metabolic and nutritional status, environment, and genetics, whereas at the cellular and molecular levels, the HPO axis is influenced by the factors related to endocrine and metabolic regulation, cytokines, key genes, signaling pathways, post-transcriptional processing, and epigenetic modifications. MiRNAs and lncRNAs play a critical role in follicle selection and development, atresia, and ovulation in layer hens; in particular, miRNA is known to affect the development and atresia of follicles by regulating apoptosis and autophagy of granulosa cells. The current review elaborates on the regulation of the HPO axis and its role in the laying performance of hens at the organism, cellular, and molecular levels. In addition, this review provides an overview of the interactive network regulation mechanism of the HPO axis in layer hens, as well as comprehensive knowledge for successfully utilizing their genetic resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinbo Zhao
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University Kunming, Kunming 650201, China
- Branch of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qiqihar 161005, China
| | - Hongbin Pan
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University Kunming, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Yong Liu
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University Kunming, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Yang He
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University Kunming, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Hongmei Shi
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University Kunming, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Changrong Ge
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University Kunming, Kunming 650201, China
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22
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Adipose extracellular matrix deposition is an indicator of obesity and metabolic disorders. J Nutr Biochem 2023; 111:109159. [PMID: 36162565 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2022.109159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Obesity and metabolic disorders are threats to human health. Extracellular matrix (ECM) is an important member of adipose microenvironment. ECM remodeling contributes to obesity and insulin resistance, but the roles of every single ECM component is still not fully understood. We observed glucose and lipids metabolic disorders in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice and humans with obesity. Higher levels of inflammatory factors and hormones existed in serum of HFD-fed mice. Multiple collagens, laminins, fibronectin, nidogen, and Hspg2 were upregulated in obese white adipose tissue (WAT) from mice and humans. These effects were stronger in subcutaneous WAT than visceral WAT in mice, but the fat depot difference was reversed in humans. The ECM structure and the morphology of adipocytes seeded on ECM were changed in the HFD group. In human visceral WAT, ECM genes showed positive correlations with blood lipids and glucose. In vitro, collagen I/IV and LAMA4 proteins showed similar changes with C/EBPα during the differentiation of adipocytes. Macromolecular crowders (MMC) promoted partial collagen and non-collagen gene expression. Oleic acid (OA) and MMC upregulated collagen I/IV and LAMA4 proteins, and the effects of MMC were stronger than that of OA. Moreover, MMC promoted the differentiation of adipocytes, but OA increased the size of lipid droplets. Positive correlations were observed between ECM genes and adipogenesis-related genes in adipocytes. In conclusion, some obesogens (such as HFD) induce ECM remodeling, and the upregulation of ECM components is closely related to adipogenesis, suggesting that adipose ECM deposition is an indicator of obesity and metabolic disorders.
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23
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Gu S, Gong Z, Liu S, Lu G, Ling Y, Wei Y, Li T, Gu R, Rong Y, Li J, Li H. Global Single-Cell Sequencing Landscape of Adipose Tissue of Different Anatomical Site Origin in Humans. Stem Cells Int 2023; 2023:8282961. [PMID: 37197688 PMCID: PMC10185425 DOI: 10.1155/2023/8282961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic refractory wounds (CRW) are one of the most serious clinical challenges for surgeons to address. Stromal vascular fraction gels (SVFG), including human adipose stem cells (hASCs), have excellent vascular regenerative and tissue repair properties. Here, we combined single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) of leg subcutaneous adipose tissue samples with scRNA-seq data from abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue, leg subcutaneous adipose tissue, and visceral adipose tissue samples from public databases. The results showed specific differences in cellular levels in adipose tissue from different anatomical site sources. We identified cells including CD4+ T cells, hASCs, adipocyte (APC), epithelial (Ep) cells, and preadipocyte. In particular, the dynamics between groups of hASCs, epithelial cells, APCs, and precursor cells in adipose tissue of different anatomical site origins were more significant. Furthermore, our analysis reveals alterations at the cellular level and molecular level, as well as the biological signaling pathways involved in these subpopulations of cells with specific alterations. In particular, certain subpopulations of hASCs have higher cell stemness, which may be related to lipogenic differentiation capacity and may be beneficial in promoting CRW treatment and healing. In general, our study captures a human single-cell transcriptome profile across adipose depots, the cell type identification and analysis of which may help dissect the function and role of cells with specific alterations present in adipose tissue and may provide new ideas and approaches for the treatment of CRW in the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shixing Gu
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, 533022 Guangxi, China
| | - Zhenyu Gong
- Department of Burn, Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541001 Guangxi, China
| | - Shuncai Liu
- Department of Burn, Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541001 Guangxi, China
| | - Guohao Lu
- Department of Emergency, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi 53002, China
| | - Yu Ling
- Department of Emergency, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi 53002, China
| | - Yanlin Wei
- Department of Emergency, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi 53002, China
| | - Ting Li
- Department of Basic Science, YuanDong International Academy of Life Sciences, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Ronghe Gu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University & The First People's Hospital of Nanning, Nanning, 53002 Guangxi, China
| | - Yongxian Rong
- Department of Burn, Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, The Guiping People's Hospital, Guigping, 537200, China
| | - Junjun Li
- Department of Pediatrics, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region & Institute of Hospital Management and Medical Prevention Collaborative Innovation, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanning, 530021 Guangxi, China
| | - Hongmian Li
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region & Research Center of Medical Sciences, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanning, 530021 Guangxi, China
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Säljö K, Apelgren P, Stridh Orrhult L, Li S, Amoroso M, Gatenholm P, Kölby L. Long-term in vivo survival of 3D-bioprinted human lipoaspirate-derived adipose tissue: proteomic signature and cellular content. Adipocyte 2022; 11:34-46. [PMID: 34957918 PMCID: PMC8726626 DOI: 10.1080/21623945.2021.2014179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D)-bioprinted lipoaspirate-derived adipose tissue (LAT) is a potential alternative to lipo-injection for correcting soft-tissue defects. This study investigated the long-term in vivo survival of 3D-bioprinted LAT and its proteomic signature and cellular composition. We performed proteomic and multicolour flow cytometric analyses on the lipoaspirate and 3D-bioprinted LAT constructs were transplanted into nude mice, followed by explantation after up to 150 days. LAT contained adipose-tissue-derived stem cells (ASCs), pericytes, endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) and endothelial cells. Proteomic analysis identified 6,067 proteins, including pericyte markers, adipokines, ASC secretome proteins, proangiogenic proteins and proteins involved in adipocyte differentiation and developmental morphogenic signalling, as well as proteins not previously described in human subcutaneous fat. 3D-bioprinted LAT survived for 150 days in vivo with preservation of the construct shape and size. Furthermore, we identified human blood vessels after 30 and 150 days in vivo, indicating angiogenesis from capillaries. These results showed that LAT has a favourable proteomic signature, contains ASCs, EPCs and blood vessels that survive 3D bioprinting and can potentially facilitate angiogenesis and successful autologous fat grafting in soft-tissue reconstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Säljö
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Peter Apelgren
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Linnea Stridh Orrhult
- 3D Bioprinting Centre, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Susann Li
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Transfusion Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Matteo Amoroso
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Paul Gatenholm
- 3D Bioprinting Centre, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Lars Kölby
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
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25
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Micro-fragmented adipose tissue cellular composition varies by processing device and analytical method. Sci Rep 2022; 12:16107. [PMID: 36167761 PMCID: PMC9515206 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-20581-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Autologous adipose-derived biologics are of clinical interest based on accessibility of adipose tissue, a rich source of progenitor and immunomodulatory cells. Micro-fragmented adipose tissue (MFAT) preserves the cellular niche within intact extracellular matrix, potentially offering benefit over enzymatically-liberated stromal vascular fraction (SVF), however lack of standardized analyses complicate direct comparison of these products. In this study, MFAT from LipoGems® and AutoPose™ Restore systems, which utilize different washing and resizing methods, was analyzed for cellular content using different techniques. Flow cytometry was performed on SVF, with or without culture, and on the adherent cell population that naturally migrated from undigested MFAT. Cytokine release during culture was also assessed. SVF contained more diverse progenitor populations, while MFAT outgrowth contained lower cell concentrations of predominantly mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC). MSCs were significantly higher in MFAT from the AutoPose System for all analyses, with increased cytokine secretion characterized by high levels of anti-inflammatory and low to non-detectable inflammatory cytokines. These results demonstrate that cellularity depends on MFAT processing methods, and different techniques can be employed to evaluate graft cellularity. Comparisons of cell concentrations determined via these methods could be used to better interpret inter-study variability.
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Zhao J, Bi X, Wu W, Lin Z, Li Y, Chen Y, Lu F, Dong Z. 3D Culture Promotes Secretion of Extracellular Matrix Structure Fat Flap with Lipoaspirates in Vitro. Tissue Eng Part A 2022; 28:929-939. [PMID: 36017621 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2022.0070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue engineering represents a possible solution for large-volume soft-tissue reconstruction. Although there have been several reports on the construction of tissue-engineered fat (TEF) flaps in vivo and in vitro, each condition has various limitations. Thus, we developed a novel approach for engineering fat tissue using a 3D culture system. We used different volumes of lipoaspirates to fill the same tissue engineering chamber (30%, 50%, 80%, and 100% volume/space ratio) for different periods (3, 5, 7, and 14 days) to determine whether lipoaspirates can form structural fat tissue in vitro. We then studied the histological structure and extracellular matrix of the tissue formed in vitro. We selected engineering tissue-like fat of the 80% volume/space ratio group cultured for 7 days to be subcutaneously implanted into mice for up to 3 months, and lipoaspirates without structure in vitro were used as a control. The lipoaspirates from the 80% volume/space ratio group cultured in vitro formed TEF-like tissue, which increased in small adipocytes and extracellular matrix with time until becoming stable on day 7. The live/dead test showed that the tissue cultured in vitro remained viable until day 7. Immunofluorescence staining results revealed that the collagen I and IV content increased over time. Moreover, after grafting, "self-assembly" fat had higher volume retention, better vascularization, fewer oil droplets, and less fibrosis than the lipoaspirates without structure in vitro. Therefore, our results demonstrate that lipoaspirates filled in tissue engineering chamber can be cultured in vitro and can "self-assemble" into TEF-like tissue. Furthermore, the "self-assembly" fat tissue produced better grafting results than those of lipoaspirates without structure in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhao
- Southern Medical University Nanfang Hospital, 1838 Guangzhou North Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R.China, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China, 510515;
| | - Xin Bi
- Southern Medical University Nanfang Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China;
| | - Weizi Wu
- Southern Medical University Nanfang Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China;
| | - Zhousheng Lin
- Southern Medical University Nanfang Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China;
| | - Ye Li
- Southern Medical University Nanfang Hospital, Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, guangzhou, Guangzhou, China, 510515;
| | - Yunzi Chen
- Southern Medical University Nanfang Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China;
| | - Feng Lu
- Southern Medical University Nanfang Hospital, Department of Plastic Surgery, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China;
| | - Ziqing Dong
- Southern Medical University Nanfang Hospital, Department of Plastic Surgery, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China;
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27
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Analysis of DAT Combined with the VSD Technique in Wound Repair of Rats and Its Effect on Inflammatory Factors. CONTRAST MEDIA & MOLECULAR IMAGING 2022; 2022:2662876. [PMID: 36072624 PMCID: PMC9420065 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2662876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The clinical efficacy of decellularized adipose tissue (DAT) combined with vacuum sealing drainage (VSD) in the treatment of wound healing in rats is investigated, and the changes of inflammatory factors are analyzed. The tissue defect model of SD (Sprague-Dawley) rats is established and divided into the combined group (n = 12) and the control group (n = 12) according to different treatment methods. The control group is treated with a single VSD technique, and the combined group is treated with DAT on the basis of the control group. The wound healing time of the two groups is observed. Wound tissue is collected 1 day, 10 days, 20 days, and 30 days after treatment, and neutrophil infiltration is observed by HE (hematoxylin-eosin) staining. The expression changes of IL-6 and IL-13 at each time point before and after treatment are compared. Histological observation shows that the cell infiltration is reduced in both groups, and the wound repair in the combined group is better than that in the control group. The experimental results show that the DAT combined with the VSD technique can further speed up wound healing and reduce inflammation in rats.
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28
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Smaniotto PH, Camargo CP, Kubrusly MS, Gemperli R. Comparison of three different strategies to treat sciatic nerve regeneration: an experimental study. Acta Cir Bras 2022; 37:e370501. [PMID: 35976339 PMCID: PMC9377207 DOI: 10.1590/acb370501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare the effect of vein conduit filled with adipose tissue stem cells (ASC) on peripheral nerve injury regeneration. METHODS We analyzed 30 male Wistar rats surgically submitted to a 5-mm gap on the sciatic nerve. Then, the animals were divided into three groups: nerve autografting (AG, n=10), autogenous inverted glycerol-conserved vein (VG, n=10), and autogenous inverted glycerol-conserved vein + ASC (VASCG, n=10). The study endpoints were neuromotor functional analysis, gastrocnemius muscle weight, and sciatic nerve graft histomorphometry analysis. In the histologic analysis, we added a control group (naïve nerve). RESULTS Regarding functional analysis (Walking tract- score), the findings at week 3 showed a difference between the AG and the VG (-96.6 vs. -59.6, p=0.01, respectively) and between the VG and the inverted vein + VASCG (-59.9 vs. -88.92, p=0.02). At week 12, this study showed a difference between the AG and the VG (-64.8 vs. -47.3, p=0.004, respectively), and also a difference between the VG and the VASCG (-47.3 vs. -57.4, p=0.02, respectively). There was no difference in the histomorphometry analysis (nerve diameter, Schwann cells counting). The gastrocnemius muscles on the intervention side were more atrophic when compared to the gastrocnemius muscles on the control side. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggested better functional recovery in the inverted vein group when compared to control group, and inverted vein + ASC group.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cristina Pires Camargo
- PhD. Universidade de São Paulo - Medical School -Microsurgery and Plastic Surgery Laboratory - São Paulo (SP), Brazil
| | - Marcia Saldanha Kubrusly
- PhD. Universidade de São Paulo - Medical School -Transplantation and Liver Surgery - São Paulo (SP), Brazil
| | - Rolf Gemperli
- Full Professor. Universidade de São Paulo - Medical School - Plastic Surgeon Division - São Paulo (SP), Brazil
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Molnar V, Pavelić E, Vrdoljak K, Čemerin M, Klarić E, Matišić V, Bjelica R, Brlek P, Kovačić I, Tremolada C, Primorac D. Mesenchymal Stem Cell Mechanisms of Action and Clinical Effects in Osteoarthritis: A Narrative Review. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13060949. [PMID: 35741711 PMCID: PMC9222975 DOI: 10.3390/genes13060949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
With the insufficient satisfaction rates and high cost of operative treatment for osteoarthritis (OA), alternatives have been sought. Furthermore, the inability of current medications to arrest disease progression has led to rapidly growing clinical research relating to mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). The availability and function of MSCs vary according to tissue source. The three primary sources include the placenta, bone marrow, and adipose tissue, all of which offer excellent safety profiles. The primary mechanisms of action are trophic and immunomodulatory effects, which prevent the further degradation of joints. However, the function and degree to which benefits are observed vary significantly based on the exosomes secreted by MSCs. Paracrine and autocrine mechanisms prevent cell apoptosis and tissue fibrosis, initiate angiogenesis, and stimulate mitosis via growth factors. MSCs have even been shown to exhibit antimicrobial effects. Clinical results incorporating clinical scores and objective radiological imaging have been promising, but a lack of standardization in isolating MSCs prevents their incorporation in current guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vilim Molnar
- St. Catherine Specialty Hospital, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (V.M.); (E.P.); (E.K.); (V.M.); (P.B.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Eduard Pavelić
- St. Catherine Specialty Hospital, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (V.M.); (E.P.); (E.K.); (V.M.); (P.B.)
| | - Kristijan Vrdoljak
- School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (K.V.); (M.Č.)
| | - Martin Čemerin
- School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (K.V.); (M.Č.)
| | - Emil Klarić
- St. Catherine Specialty Hospital, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (V.M.); (E.P.); (E.K.); (V.M.); (P.B.)
| | - Vid Matišić
- St. Catherine Specialty Hospital, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (V.M.); (E.P.); (E.K.); (V.M.); (P.B.)
| | - Roko Bjelica
- Department of Oral Surgery, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Petar Brlek
- St. Catherine Specialty Hospital, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (V.M.); (E.P.); (E.K.); (V.M.); (P.B.)
| | | | | | - Dragan Primorac
- St. Catherine Specialty Hospital, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (V.M.); (E.P.); (E.K.); (V.M.); (P.B.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
- Medical School, University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
- Medical School, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
- Medical School REGIOMED, 96450 Coburg, Germany
- Eberly College of Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- The Henry C. Lee College of Criminal Justice and Forensic Sciences, University of New Haven, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
- Correspondence:
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de Sousa Neto IV, Durigan JLQ, da Silva ASR, de Cássia Marqueti R. Adipose Tissue Extracellular Matrix Remodeling in Response to Dietary Patterns and Exercise: Molecular Landscape, Mechanistic Insights, and Therapeutic Approaches. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11050765. [PMID: 35625493 PMCID: PMC9138682 DOI: 10.3390/biology11050765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Adipose tissue is considered a metabolic organ that adjusts overall energy homeostasis and critical hormones to the body’s needs. In conditions of caloric intake surpassing energy expenditure, lipid accumulation occurs with constant extracellular matrix deposition. Excess lipids and adipocyte hypertrophy may reduce extracellular matrix flexibility in conjunction with hypoxia and inflammation. These processes induce the development of adipose tissue fibrosis and correlated metabolic dysfunctions, such as insulin resistance. With the increasing rate of chronic diseases worldwide, it is essential to generate a more precise knowledge of fibrotic processes, as well as to create optimal models to study potential therapies to combat the harmful effects of extracellular matrix deposition. In this work, we focused on the physiological processes in the remodeling of adipose tissue fibrosis, along with their relevance to clinical indications. Furthermore, we emphasize understanding how lifestyle can alleviate adipocyte dysfunction. Several studies showed that a nutritionally balanced diet combined with exercise is a remarkable potential strategy for lipolytic activity, preventing rapid extracellular matrix expansion in parallel with insulin and glucose action improvements. Thus, the emerging beneficial role of exercise training and low-calorie diet on adipose tissue ECM remodeling is a topic that deserves attention from health professionals. Abstract The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a 3-dimensional network of molecules that play a central role in differentiation, migration, and survival for maintaining normal homeostasis. It seems that ECM remodeling is required for adipose tissue expansion. Despite evidence indicating that ECM is an essential component of tissue physiology, adipose tissue ECM has received limited attention. Hence, there is great interest in approaches to neutralize the harmful effects of ECM enlargement. This review compiles and discusses the current literature on adipose tissue ECM remodeling in response to different dietary patterns and exercise training. High-calorie diets result in substantial adipose tissue ECM remodeling, which in turn could lead to fibrosis (excess deposition of collagens, elastin, and fibronectin), inflammation, and the onset of metabolic dysfunction. However, combining a nutritionally balanced diet with exercise is a remarkable potential strategy for lipolytic activity, preventing rapid ECM expansion in different adipose tissue depots. Despite the distinct exercise modalities (aerobic or resistance exercise) reversing adipose tissue fibrosis in animal models, the beneficial effect on humans remains controversial. Defining molecular pathways and specific mechanisms that mediate the positive effects on adipose tissue, ECM is essential in developing optimized interventions to improve health and clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivo Vieira de Sousa Neto
- Molecular Analysis Laboratory, Faculty of Ceilândia, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília 70910-900, Brazil; or
- Correspondence:
| | | | - Adelino Sanchez Ramos da Silva
- Graduate Program in Rehabilitation and Functional Performance, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-900, Brazil;
- School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-900, Brazil
| | - Rita de Cássia Marqueti
- Molecular Analysis Laboratory, Faculty of Ceilândia, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília 70910-900, Brazil; or
- Graduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília 70910-900, Brazil;
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences and Technology, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília 70910-900, Brazil
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31
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Gao Y, Ma K, Kang Y, Liu W, Liu X, Long X, Hayashi T, Hattori S, Mizuno K, Fujisaki H, Ikejima T. Type I collagen reduces lipid accumulation during adipogenesis of preadipocytes 3T3-L1 via the YAP-mTOR-autophagy axis. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2022; 1867:159181. [PMID: 35595017 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2022.159181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) regulates cell behavior through signal transduction and provides a suitable place for cell survival. As one of the major components of the extracellular matrix, type I collagen is involved in regulating cell migration, proliferation and differentiation. We present a system in which 3T3-L1 preadipocyte cells are induced for adipogenic differentiation on type I collagen coated dishes. Our previous study has found that type I collagen inhibits adipogenic differentiation via YAP activation. Here we further reveal that type I collagen inactivates autophagy by up-regulating mTOR activity via the YAP pathway. Under collagen-coating conditions, co-localization of lysosomes with mTOR was increased and the level of downstream protein p-S6K was elevated, accompanied by a decrease in the level of autophagy. Autophagy is negatively correlated with adipogenesis under type I collagen coating. Through the YAP-autophagy axis, type I collagen improves glycolipid metabolism accompanied by increased mitochondrial content, enhanced glucose uptake, reduced release of free fatty acids (FFAs) and decreased intracellular lipid accumulation. Our findings provide insight into the strategy for dealing with obesity: Type I collagen or the drugs with inhibitory effects on autophagy or YAP, have a potential to accelerate the energy metabolism of adipose tissue, so as to better maintain the homeostasis of glucose and lipids in the body, which can be used for achieving weight loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfang Gao
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning, China
| | - Kai Ma
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning, China
| | - Yu Kang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning, China
| | - Weiwei Liu
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning, China
| | - Xiaoling Liu
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning, China
| | - Xinyu Long
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning, China
| | - Toshihiko Hayashi
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning, China; Department of Chemistry and Life Science, School of Advanced Engineering, Kogakuin University, 2665-1, Nakanomachi, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0015, Japan; Nippi Research Institute of Biomatrix, Ibaraki 302-0017, Japan
| | - Shunji Hattori
- Nippi Research Institute of Biomatrix, Ibaraki 302-0017, Japan
| | - Kazunori Mizuno
- Nippi Research Institute of Biomatrix, Ibaraki 302-0017, Japan
| | - Hitomi Fujisaki
- Nippi Research Institute of Biomatrix, Ibaraki 302-0017, Japan
| | - Takashi Ikejima
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning, China; Key Laboratory of Computational Chemistry-Based Natural Antitumor Drug Research & Development Liaoning Province, Liaoning, China.
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Ahn WB, Lee YB, Ji YH, Moon KS, Jang HS, Kang SW. Decellularized Human Adipose Tissue as an Alternative Graft Material for Bone Regeneration. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2022; 19:1089-1098. [PMID: 35551635 PMCID: PMC9478008 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-022-00451-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tissue engineering approaches to treat damaged bone include various tissue transplants such as autologous, allogeneic, and xenografts. Artificial materials have been widely introduced to meet the demand for graft materials, but insufficiency in supply is still not resolved. In this study, human adipose tissue, easily obtained from the human body, was harvested, and the tissue was decellularized to fabricate a decellularized human adipose tissue matrix (DM) as an alternative graft material. METHODS Human adipose tissue was obtained via liposuction. The obtained fresh adipose tissue sample was cut into pieces then put into decellularization solution (1% antibiotic-antimycotic solution and 1% phenylmethanesulphonyl fluoride). Lipids were further removed via treatment in isopropanol. The sample was then subjected to another enzymatic digestion and lipid removal processes. The obtained decellularized adipose tissue matrix was lyophilized to form a graft material in disc shape. RESULTS Decellularization was confirmed by nuclear staining methods and detection of RNA and DNA via PCR. Bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2)-loaded DM showed the ability to form new bone tissue when implanted in subcutaneous tissue. In recovery of a mouse calvarial defect model, BMP2-loaded DM exhibited similar levels of bone tissue regeneration efficiency compared with a well-defined commercial product, BMP2-loaded CollaCote®. CONCLUSION The DM developed in this study is expected to address the problem of insufficient supply of graft materials and contribute to the treatment of bone defects of critical size as an alternative bone graft material with preserved extracellular matrix components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woo Beom Ahn
- Department of Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu Bin Lee
- Department of Advanced Toxicology Research, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Yi-Hwa Ji
- Department of Dentistry, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, 15355, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung-Sik Moon
- Department of Advanced Toxicology Research, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyon-Seok Jang
- Department of Dentistry, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, 15355, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sun-Woong Kang
- Research Group for Biomimetic Advanced Technology, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejoen, 34114, Republic of Korea.
- Human and Environmental Toxicology Program, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea.
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33
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Haroutunian GG, Tsaghikian A, Fedorova E, Chaurasia P, Gusella GL, Mosoian A. Electromagnetic Fields Generated by the IteraCoil Device Differentiate Mesenchymal Stem Progenitor Cells Into the Osteogenic Lineage. Bioelectromagnetics 2022; 43:245-256. [PMID: 35391494 PMCID: PMC9325380 DOI: 10.1002/bem.22401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Rapid advances in mesenchymal stem progenitor cells (MSPCs) have rendered impetus into the area of cell therapy and regenerative medicine. The main promise of future stem cell therapies is their reliance on autologous stem cells derived from adipose tissue, which also includes treatments of bone fractures and degeneration. The effectiveness of different electric devices utilized to reprogram MSPCs toward osteogenic differentiation has provided varying degrees of effectiveness for clinical use. Adipose tissue-derived MSPCs were flow-cytometrically characterized and further differentiated into osteoblasts by culturing either in growth medium with pro-osteogenic supplements or without supplements with alternating electromagnetic field (EMF) generated by IteraCoil. IteraCoil is a multi-solenoid coil with a specific complex geometry that creates a 3D-EMF with desired parameters without directly applying electrodes to the cells and tissues. The flow-cytometric analysis of highly enriched (≥95%) adipose-derived MSPCs (CD34- , CD73+ , CD90+ , and CD105+ ) was utilized for the study. Osteoblasts and chondrocyte differentiations were then assessed by specific staining and quantified using ImageJ (National Institutes of Health). The osteoblastic differentiation of MSPCs cultured in regular medium and exposed to EMF at 0.05 and 1 kHz frequencies was compared with MSPCs cultured in a pro-osteogenic supplemented medium. In this study, we demonstrated that EMF from IteraCoil might have affected the signaling pathways that induce the osteogenic differentiation of human adipose-derived MSPCs in the absence of exogenous osteogenic factors. Therefore, EMF-generated osteogenic differentiation of reprogrammed adipose-derived autologous MSPCs may treat the loss of osteoblasts and osteoporosis and open new avenues for the development of regenerative cellular therapy. © 2022 Bioelectromagnetics Society.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ashot Tsaghikian
- Data Processing and Field Engineering Corp., Glendale, California
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Into the Tissues: Extracellular Matrix and Its Artificial Substitutes: Cell Signalling Mechanisms. Cells 2022; 11:cells11050914. [PMID: 35269536 PMCID: PMC8909573 DOI: 10.3390/cells11050914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The existence of orderly structures, such as tissues and organs is made possible by cell adhesion, i.e., the process by which cells attach to neighbouring cells and a supporting substance in the form of the extracellular matrix. The extracellular matrix is a three-dimensional structure composed of collagens, elastin, and various proteoglycans and glycoproteins. It is a storehouse for multiple signalling factors. Cells are informed of their correct connection to the matrix via receptors. Tissue disruption often prevents the natural reconstitution of the matrix. The use of appropriate implants is then required. This review is a compilation of crucial information on the structural and functional features of the extracellular matrix and the complex mechanisms of cell–cell connectivity. The possibilities of regenerating damaged tissues using an artificial matrix substitute are described, detailing the host response to the implant. An important issue is the surface properties of such an implant and the possibilities of their modification.
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Bellei B, Migliano E, Picardo M. Research update of adipose tissue-based therapies in regenerative dermatology. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2022; 18:1956-1973. [PMID: 35230644 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-022-10328-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) have a spontaneous propensity to support tissue homeostasis and regeneration. Among the several sources of MSCs, adipose-derived tissue stem cells (ADSCs) have received major interest due to the higher mesenchymal stem cells concentration, ease, and safety of access. However, since a significant part of the natural capacity of ADSCs to repair damaged tissue is ascribable to their secretory activity that combines mitogenic factors, cytokines, chemokines, lipids, and extracellular matrix components, several studies focused on cell-free strategies. Furthermore, adipose cell-free derivatives are becoming more attractive especially for non-volumizing purposes, such as most dermatological conditions. However, when keratinocytes, fibroblasts, melanocytes, adipocytes, and hair follicle cells might not be locally sourced, graft of materials containing concentrated ADSCs is preferred. The usage of extracellular elements of adipose tissue aims to promote a self-autonomous regenerative microenvironment in the receiving area restoring physiological homeostasis. Hence, ADSCs or their paracrine activity are currently being studied in several dermatological settings including wound healing, skin fibrosis, burn, and aging.The present work analyzing both preclinical and clinical experiences gives an overview of the efficacy of adipose tissue-derivatives like autologous fat, the stromal vascular fraction (SVF), purified ADSCs, secretome and extracellular matrix graft in the field of regenerative medicine for the skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Bellei
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Physiopathology and Integrated Center of Metabolomics Research, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, IRCCS, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy.
| | - Emilia Migliano
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, IRCCS, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Mauro Picardo
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Physiopathology and Integrated Center of Metabolomics Research, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, IRCCS, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
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Kang Y, Pei W. Transcriptomic analysis and biological evaluation reveals that LMO3 regulates the osteogenic differentiation of human adipose derived stem cells via PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. J Mol Histol 2022; 53:379-394. [PMID: 35165791 DOI: 10.1007/s10735-021-10047-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Autologous bone transplantation which is a common treatment method for bone defects needs a large quantity of bone cells. In order to develop new treatments to regenerating bone tissues, this research aimed at identifying the key genes and finding their mechanism in human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs) osteogenesis. GSE63754, GSE89330 and GSE72429 were downloaded to perform GO functional and KEGG pathway analyses, construct a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network, construct a PPI network and identify hub genes. The expression level of LMO3 during the osteogenesis of hADSCs was examined by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and western blot. Lentivirus transfection was used to knock down or overexpress LMO3, which enabled us to investigate the effect of LMO3 on osteogenic differentiation of hADSCs. Wortmannin were used to identify the mechanism of the LMO3/PI3K/Akt axis in regulating osteogenic differentiation of hADSCs. Moreover, ectopic bone formation in nude mice was used to investigate the effect of LMO3 on osteogenesis in vivo. In this study, we found the expression of LMO3 was significantly upregulated during the osteogenic differentiation of hADSCs. LMO3 knockdown remarkably suppressed osteogenic differentiation of hADSCs, while LMO3 overexpression promoted osteogenic differentiation of hADSCs both in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, we discovered that the enhancing effect of LMO3 overexpression on osteogenic differentiation was related to the activation of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Inhibition of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway with wortmannin effectively blocked the stimulation of osteogenic differentiation induced by LMO3 overexpression. In conclusion, based on transcriptomic analysis, we identified key genes involved in regulating the osteogenic differentiation of hADSCs. In addition, we found that LMO3 might act as a positive modulator of hADSC osteogenic differentiation by mediating PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Manipulating the expression of LMO3 and its associated pathways might contribute to advances in bone regeneration and tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Kang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, No. 44 Xiaoheyan Road, Dadong District, Shenyang, 110042, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenye Pei
- Department of Information Management, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, No. 44 Xiaoheyan Road, Dadong District, Shenyang, 110042, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China.
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Potential of Fibrin Glue and Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) to Regenerate Nerve Injuries: A Systematic Review. Cells 2022; 11:cells11020221. [PMID: 35053336 PMCID: PMC8773549 DOI: 10.3390/cells11020221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell-based therapy is a promising treatment to favor tissue healing through less invasive strategies. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) highlighted as potential candidates due to their angiogenic, anti-apoptotic and immunomodulatory properties, in addition to their ability to differentiate into several specialized cell lines. Cells can be carried through a biological delivery system, such as fibrin glue, which acts as a temporary matrix that favors cell-matrix interactions and allows local and paracrine functions of MSCs. Thus, the aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the potential of fibrin glue combined with MSCs in nerve regeneration. The bibliographic search was performed in the PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science and Embase databases, using the descriptors ("fibrin sealant" OR "fibrin glue") AND "stem cells" AND "nerve regeneration", considering articles published until 2021. To compose this review, 13 in vivo studies were selected, according to the eligibility criteria. MSCs favored axonal regeneration, remyelination of nerve fibers, as well as promoted an increase in the number of myelinated fibers, myelin sheath thickness, number of axons and expression of growth factors, with significant improvement in motor function recovery. This systematic review showed clear evidence that fibrin glue combined with MSCs has the potential to regenerate nervous system lesions.
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Louis F, Sowa Y, Kitano S, Matsusaki M. High-throughput drug screening models of mature adipose tissues which replicate the physiology of patients' Body Mass Index (BMI). Bioact Mater 2022; 7:227-241. [PMID: 34466729 PMCID: PMC8379425 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a complex and incompletely understood disease, but current drug screening strategies mostly rely on immature in vitro adipose models which cannot recapitulate it properly. To address this issue, we developed a statistically validated high-throughput screening model by seeding human mature adipocytes from patients, encapsulated in physiological collagen microfibers. These drop tissues ensured the maintenance of adipocyte viability and functionality for controlling glucose and fatty acids uptake, as well as glycerol release. As such, patients' BMI and insulin sensitivity displayed a strong inverse correlation: the healthy adipocytes were associated with the highest insulin-induced glucose uptake, while insulin resistance was confirmed in the underweight and severely obese adipocytes. Insulin sensitivity recovery was possible with two type 2 diabetes treatments, rosiglitazone and melatonin. Finally, the addition of blood vasculature to the model seemed to more accurately recapitulate the in vivo physiology, with particular respect to leptin secretion metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiona Louis
- Osaka University, Joint Research Laboratory (TOPPAN) for Advanced Cell Regulatory Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Sowa
- Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kamigyo-ku Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
- Corresponding author. Kyoto, 602-8566, Kamigyo-ku Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Japan.
| | - Shiro Kitano
- Osaka University, Joint Research Laboratory (TOPPAN) for Advanced Cell Regulatory Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
- TOPPAN PRINTING CO., LTD., Technical Research Institute, 4-2-3 Takanodaiminami, Sugito-machi, Saitama, 345-8508, Japan
| | - Michiya Matsusaki
- Osaka University, Joint Research Laboratory (TOPPAN) for Advanced Cell Regulatory Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
- Osaka University, Graduate School of Engineering, Department of Applied Chemistry, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
- Corresponding author. Osaka, 565-0871, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Japan.
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A Retrospective Study of SVF-gel Compared With Nanofat Combined With High-density Fat in the Treatment of Early Periorbital Aging. Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg 2021; 38:340-347. [PMID: 34889312 DOI: 10.1097/iop.0000000000002103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare the effectiveness of transplantation with stromal vascular fraction (SVF)-gel or nanofat combined with high-density fat prepared with the Coleman technique (nanofat+high-density fat) to restore volume in the periorbital region or for periorbital rejuvenation in early periorbital aging. METHODS This retrospective study included 103 patients who received a transplant of SVF-gel (n = 58) or nanofat+high-density fat (n = 45) to restore volume in the periorbital region (n = 85) or for periorbital rejuvenation (n = 18) in our hospital between January 2016 and January 2020. Patient satisfaction and the reoperation rate were evaluated. RESULTS All patients had improved periorbital contouring and augmentation. Among the patients that received treatment to restore volume in the periorbital region, 17% and 65.9% of patients administered SVF-gel were very satisfied or satisfied, and 5.3% and 44.7% of patients administered nanofat+high-density fat were very satisfied or satisfied. PATIENTS administered SVF-gel were significantly more satisfied than patients administered nanofat+high-density fat with improvements in periorbital contouring (p < 0.05). Among the patients that received treatment for periorbital rejuvenation, 54.5% and 27.3% of patients administered SVF-gel were very satisfied or satisfied, and 28.6% and 42.8% of patients administered nanofat+high-density fat were very satisfied or satisfied. There was no significant difference between groups (p > 0.05). Some patients underwent a second operation after 3 to 8 months. Patients administered SVF-gel to restore volume in the periorbital region had a significantly lower reoperation rate than patients administered nanofat+high-density fat (12.7% [6/47] vs. 34.2% [13/38]; p < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the reoperation rate in patients treated for periorbital rejuvenation (9.1% [1/11] vs. 14.3% [1/7]; p > 0.05). CONCLUSION SVF-gel and nanofat+high-density fat are effective for restoring volume in the periorbital region and for periorbital rejuvenation in early periorbital aging. The reoperation rate was significantly lower and patient satisfaction scores were significantly higher in patients administered SVF-gel to restore volume in the periorbital region compared with patients administered nanofat+high-density fat.
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Yoo YI, Ko KW, Cha SG, Park SY, Woo J, Han DK. Highly effective induction of cell-derived extracellular matrix by macromolecular crowding for osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. J IND ENG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2021.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are specific subcellular vesicles released by cells under various environmental conditions. Tumescent liposuction is a commonly used procedure in plastic surgery practice. In the present study, we aimed to extract EVs derived from lipoaspirate fluid (LF-EVs) and characterize them using transmission electron microscopy, nanoparticle tracking analysis, and western blotting. The global profiles of proteins and microRNAs from LF-EVs were identified, strongly suggesting a potential regulatory function of LF-EVs. In addition, we investigated the effects and mechanisms of LF-EVs on fat graft survival. Cell functional tests showed that LF-EVs promoted the proliferation, migration, and tube structure formation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells. LF-EVs also promoted the adipogenic differentiation of adipose tissue-derived stem cells. The results of animal experiments showed that the average weights of fat grafts in the LF-EVs-treated group were significantly higher than those in the control group. Histologically, there was less fibrosis, fewer cysts, and increased fat tissue survival in the LF-EVs group. Further investigations of angiogenic and adipogenic factors revealed that LF-EVs also promoted angiogenesis and exerted a pro-adipogenic effect in vivo. Our findings will help to elucidate the functions of LF-EVs and provide a reference dataset for future translational studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangfei Nie
- From the Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital; Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Pengbing Ding
- From the Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital; Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Chen Zhang
- From the Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital; Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Zhenmin Zhao
- From the Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital; Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Hongsen Bi
- From the Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital; Beijing, P.R. China
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Zhu Y, Wang T, He S, Pu S, Zhao H, Zhou Z, Wu Q. Comparison of Antiobesity Effects of Adipose-Derived Stromal/Stem Cells from Different Sources in a Natural Aging Model. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2021; 14:4535-4546. [PMID: 34815680 PMCID: PMC8604647 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s334044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Our previous study found that white adipose stem cells (W-ASCs) derived from abdominal and femoral sulcus white adipose stem cells (ASCs) have antiaging and age-related obesity effects. Whether interscapular brown adipose stem cells (B-ASCs) have the same effect has not been reported. The study objective was to compare the effects of ASCs from different tissues on aging and aging-related obesity. PATIENTS AND METHODS C57BL/6J mice at 22 months of age were transplanted with either B-ASCs or W-ASCs from young mice at 2 months of age. Changes in body weight, biochemistry, cytokines, hormone secretion, cell senescence, lipid metabolism, and ASC function were assessed after transplanted 1 month. RESULTS W-ASCs were superior to B-ASCs as aging and age-related obesity indicators, based on change in body weight, organ weight, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity, lipid metabolism, and liver and kidney function. CONCLUSION Difference in the tissue source was reflected by the heterogeneity of antiaging and age-related obesity effects of transplanted ASCs. Based on the study results, we recommend W-ASCs over B-ASCs in aging and age-related obesity applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhu
- School of Life Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People’s Republic of China
- Guangxi Universities Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Biopharmaceutical Technology, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People’s Republic of China
- Research Center for Biomedical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tao Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People’s Republic of China
- Guangxi Universities Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Biopharmaceutical Technology, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People’s Republic of China
- Research Center for Biomedical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuangli He
- School of Life Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People’s Republic of China
- Guangxi Universities Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Biopharmaceutical Technology, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People’s Republic of China
- Research Center for Biomedical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shiming Pu
- School of Life Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People’s Republic of China
- Guangxi Universities Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Biopharmaceutical Technology, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People’s Republic of China
- Research Center for Biomedical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongxia Zhao
- School of Life Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People’s Republic of China
- Guangxi Universities Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Biopharmaceutical Technology, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People’s Republic of China
- Research Center for Biomedical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zuping Zhou
- School of Life Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People’s Republic of China
- Guangxi Universities Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Biopharmaceutical Technology, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People’s Republic of China
- Research Center for Biomedical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiong Wu
- School of Life Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People’s Republic of China
- Guangxi Universities Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Biopharmaceutical Technology, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People’s Republic of China
- Research Center for Biomedical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People’s Republic of China
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Hypoxia induces stress fiber formation in adipocytes in the early stage of obesity. Sci Rep 2021; 11:21473. [PMID: 34728615 PMCID: PMC8563745 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-00335-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In obese adipose tissue (AT), hypertrophic expansion of adipocytes is not matched by new vessel formation, leading to AT hypoxia. As a result, hypoxia inducible factor-1⍺ (HIF-1⍺) accumulates in adipocytes inducing a transcriptional program that upregulates profibrotic genes and biosynthetic enzymes such as lysyl oxidase (LOX) synthesis. This excess synthesis and crosslinking of extracellular matrix (ECM) components cause AT fibrosis. Although fibrosis is a hallmark of obese AT, the role of fibroblasts, cells known to regulate fibrosis in other fibrosis-prone tissues, is not well studied. Here we have developed an in vitro model of AT to study adipocyte-fibroblast crosstalk in a hypoxic environment. Further, this in vitro model was used to investigate the effect of hypoxia on adipocyte mechanical properties via ras homolog gene family member A (RhoA)/Rho-associated coiled-coil kinases (ROCK) signaling pathways. We confirmed that hypoxia creates a diseased phenotype by inhibiting adipocyte maturation and inducing actin stress fiber formation facilitated by myocardin-related transcription factor A (MRTF-A/MKL1) nuclear translocation. This work presents new potential therapeutic targets for obesity by improving adipocyte maturation and limiting mechanical stress in obese AT.
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Jiang W, Cai J, Guan J, Liao Y, Lu F, Ma J, Gao J, Zhang Y. Characterized the Adipogenic Capacity of Adipose-Derived Stem Cell, Extracellular Matrix, and Microenvironment With Fat Components Grafting. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:723057. [PMID: 34616732 PMCID: PMC8489879 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.723057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Autologous fat grafting has been a widely used technique; however, the role of adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs), extracellular matrix (ECM), and microenvironment in fat regeneration are not fully understood. Methods: Lipoaspirates were obtained and processed by inter-syringe shifting to remove adipocytes, yielding an adipocyte-free fat (Aff). Aff was then exposed to lethal dose of radiation to obtain decellularized fat (Df). To further remove microenvironment, Df was rinsed with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) yielding rinsed decellularized fat (Rdf). Green fluorescent protein (GFP) lentivirus (LV-GFP)-transfected ASCs were added to Df to generate cell-recombinant decellularized fat (Crdf). Grafts were transplanted subcutaneously into nude mice and harvested over 3 months. Results: Removal of adipocytes (Aff) didn't compromise the retention of fat grafts, while additional removal of stromal vascular fraction (SVF) cells (Df) and microenvironment (Rdf) resulted in poor retention by day 90 (Aff, 82 ± 7.1% vs. Df, 28 ± 6.3%; p < 0.05; vs. Rdf, 5 ± 1.2%; p < 0.05). Addition of ASCs to Df (Crdf) partially restored its regenerative potential. Aff and Crdf exhibited rapid angiogenesis and M2-polarized macrophages infiltration, in contrast to impaired angiogenesis and M1-polarized inflammatory pattern in Df. GFP + ASCs participated in angiogenesis and displayed a phenotype of endothelial cells in Crdf. Conclusion: Adipose ECM and microenvironment have the capacity to stimulate early adipogenesis while ECM alone cannot induce adipogenesis in vivo. By directly differentiating into endothelial cells and regulating macrophage polarization, ASCs coordinate early adipogenesis with angiogenesis and tissue remodeling, leading to better long-term retention and greater tissue integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqing Jiang
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junrong Cai
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingyan Guan
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yunjun Liao
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Feng Lu
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingjing Ma
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianhua Gao
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuteng Zhang
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Kornmuller A, Flynn LE. Development and characterization of matrix-derived microcarriers from decellularized tissues using electrospraying techniques. J Biomed Mater Res A 2021; 110:559-575. [PMID: 34581474 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Stirred bioreactor systems integrating microcarriers represent a promising approach for therapeutic cell manufacturing. While a variety of microcarriers are commercially available, current options do not integrate the tissue-specific composition of the extracellular matrix (ECM), which can play critical roles in directing cell function. The current study sought to generate microcarriers comprised exclusively of ECM from multiple tissue sources. More specifically, porcine decellularized dermis, porcine decellularized myocardium, and human decellularized adipose tissue were digested with α-amylase to obtain ECM suspensions that could be electrosprayed into liquid nitrogen to generate 3D microcarriers that were stable over a range of ECM concentrations without the need for chemical crosslinking or other additives. Characterization studies confirmed that all three microcarrier types had similar soft and compliant mechanical properties and were of a similar size range, but that their composition varied depending on the native tissue source. In vivo testing in immunocompetent mice revealed that the microcarriers integrated into the host tissues, supporting the infiltration of host cells including macrophages and endothelial cells at 2 weeks post-implantation. In vitro cell culture studies validated that the novel microcarriers supported the attachment of tissue-specific stromal cell populations under dynamic culture conditions within spinner flasks, with a significant increase in live cell numbers observed over 1 week on the dermal- and adipose-derived microcarriers. Overall, the findings demonstrate the versatility of the electrospraying methods and support the further development of the microcarriers as cell culture and delivery platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Kornmuller
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Amit Chakma Engineering Building, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lauren E Flynn
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Amit Chakma Engineering Building, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Chemical & Biochemical Engineering, Thompson Engineering Building, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
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METTL3-Mediated lncRNA m 6A Modification in the Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Induced by NEL-Like 1 Protein. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2021; 17:2276-2290. [PMID: 34505967 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-021-10245-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to explore the regulatory mechanism of methyltransferase3 (METTL3) -mediated long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification in the osteogenic differentiation of human adipose-derived stem cells (hASCs) induced by NEL-like 1 protein (NELL-1). MATERIALS AND METHODS Methylated RNA immunoprecipitation sequencing (MeRIP-seq) and high- throughput sequencing for RNA (RNA-seq) were performed on hASCs. Osteogenic ability was detected by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining, Alizarin Red S(ARS) staining, ALP quantification and Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis (qRT-PCR). Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis predicted the osteogenesis-related pathways enriched for the lncRNAs and identified the target lncRNAs. After overexpression and knockdown of METTL3, methylated RNA immunoprecipitation-qPCR (MeRIP-qPCR) and qRT-PCR were used to detect the levels of m6A modification and the expression of the target lncRNA, and the binding of both was confirmed by RNA binding protein immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay. The effects of lncRNA and METTL3 on phosphorylation of the key proteins of the pathway were detected by western blot analysis. RESULTS In vitro experiments showed that METTL3 can promote osteogenic differentiation and that its expression level is upregulated. KEGG pathway analysis predicted that lncRNAs with differentially upregulated methylated peaks were enriched mostly in the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway, in which Serine/threonine protein kinase 3 (STK3) was the predicted target gene of the lncRNA RP11-44 N12.5. The m6A modification and expression of RP11-44 N12.5 were both regulated by METTL3. Subsequently, lncRNA RP11-44 N12.5 and METTL3 were found to regulate the phosphorylation levels of three key proteins in the MAPK signaling pathway, ERK, JNK and p38. CONCLUSIONS This study shows, for the first time, that METTL3 can activate the MAPK signaling pathway by regulating the m6A modification and expression of a lncRNA, thereby enhancing the osteogenic differentiation of hASCs.
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Dance YW, Meshulam T, Seibel AJ, Obenreder MC, Layne MD, Nelson CM, Tien J. Adipose Stroma Accelerates the Invasion and Escape of Human Breast Cancer Cells from an Engineered Microtumor. Cell Mol Bioeng 2021; 15:15-29. [DOI: 10.1007/s12195-021-00697-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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Ida Y, Watanabe M, Umetsu A, Ohguro H, Hikage F. Addition of EP2 agonists to an FP agonist additively and synergistically modulates adipogenesis and the physical properties of 3D 3T3-L1 sphenoids. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2021; 171:102315. [PMID: 34246925 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2021.102315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The additive effects of prostaglandin (PG)-EP2 agonists on a PG-FP agonist toward adipogenesis in two- or three-dimension (2D or 3D) cultures of 3T3-L1 cells was examined by lipid staining, the mRNA expression of adipogenesis related genes, and extracellular matrixes (ECMs) including collagen molecules (Col) -1, -4 and -6, and fibronectin (Fn), and the sizes and physical properties of 3D sphenoids, as measured by a micro-squeezer. The results indicate that adipogenesis induced 1) an enlargement in the sizes of 3D sphenoids, 2) a substantial enhancement in lipid staining, the expression of the PParγ, Ap2 and Leptin genes, and 3) a significant decrease in the stiffness of the 3D sphenoids. These effects were inhibited by bimatoprost acid (BIM-A), but 4) adipogenesis induced significant down-regulation of Col1 and Fn, and the significant up-regulation of the Col4 and Col6 genes were unchanged by BIM-A. On the addition of an EP2 agonist, such as omidenepag (OMD) or butaprost (Buta), to BIM-A, 1) the sizes of the 3D sphenoids were further decreased, 2) lipid staining was decreased (2D; OMD, 3D; Buta) 3) the stiffness of the 3D sphenoids was increased by Buta, 4) the expression of PParγ was up-regulated (2D; Buta) or unchanged (3D), the expression of Ap2 was down-regulated (2D; OMD) or up-regulated (3D; Buta), and the expression of Leptin was increased (2D), 5) the expression of all four (OMD) or all except Col4 (buta) in 2D, and Col1and Col4 (OMD) in 3D were up-regulated. These collective findings indicate that the addition of an EP2 agonist, OMD or Buta significantly modulated the BIM-A induced suppression of adipogenesis as well as physical properties of 2D and 3D cultured 3T3-L1 cells in different manners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosuke Ida
- Departments of Ophthalmology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Megumi Watanabe
- Departments of Ophthalmology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Araya Umetsu
- Departments of Ophthalmology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ohguro
- Departments of Ophthalmology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Fumihito Hikage
- Departments of Ophthalmology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Japan.
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Tang LJW, Zaseela A, Toh CCM, Adine C, Aydar AO, Iyer NG, Fong ELS. Engineering stromal heterogeneity in cancer. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 175:113817. [PMID: 34087326 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Based on our exponentially increasing knowledge of stromal heterogeneity from advances in single-cell technologies, the notion that stromal cell types exist as a spectrum of unique subpopulations that have specific functions and spatial distributions in the tumor microenvironment has significant impact on tumor modeling for drug development and personalized drug testing. In this Review, we discuss the importance of incorporating stromal heterogeneity and tumor architecture, and propose an overall approach to guide the reconstruction of stromal heterogeneity in vitro for tumor modeling. These next-generation tumor models may support the development of more precise drugs targeting specific stromal cell subpopulations, as well as enable improved recapitulation of patient tumors in vitro for personalized drug testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leon Jia Wei Tang
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ayshath Zaseela
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Christabella Adine
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore; The N.1 Institute for Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Abdullah Omer Aydar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - N Gopalakrishna Iyer
- National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore; Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore.
| | - Eliza Li Shan Fong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore; The N.1 Institute for Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
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A Reliable Method for Chin Augmentation by Mechanical Micronization of Lipoaspirates. Aesthetic Plast Surg 2021; 45:1507-1517. [PMID: 33837461 DOI: 10.1007/s00266-021-02237-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Desire for improved aesthetic contour of the lower third of the face has resulted in an increase in chin augmentation. Although many fillers, including hyaluronic acid (HA), autologous fat and stromal vascular fraction gel (SVF-gel), have been used to improve facial morphology, chin augmentation requires fillers that provide greater support. METHODS The elastic and viscous moduli of SVF-gel and Coleman fat were assessed in vitro by rheological testing, whereas their elasticity were evaluated in vivo by ultrasonic elastography. Results in vitro were compared with those of highly elastic HA (HE-HA) and highly viscous HA (HV-HA), whereas results in vivo were compared with HE-HA. Changes in chin volume, SVF-gel retention rate and absorptivity for at least 12 months were measured by 3D white light scanning. Questionnaires were administered to assess patient satisfaction. RESULTS The elastic and viscous modulus of SVF-gel was, respectively, slightly lower than HE-HA and HV-HA but higher than the other two in vitro, with the elasticity of the three layers of SVF-gel lower than HE-HA but slightly higher than normal control in vivo. The average retention rate was 62.34±3.34% at 12 months. The absorptivity of 90% of the samples was <3% from 6 to 12 months, which was considered stable. Patients expressed satisfaction with their results. CONCLUSION SVF-gel has ideal rheologic characteristics in vitro, which has slightly higher elasticity than normal fat tissue of chin in vivo, and could keep well retention rate for chin augmentation in clinic. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE IV This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .
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