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Niu Y, Zhang J, Shi D, Zang W, Niu J. Glycosides as Potential Medicinal Components for Ulcerative Colitis: A Review. Molecules 2023; 28:5210. [PMID: 37446872 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28135210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic, non-specific disease of unknown etiology. The disease develops mainly in the rectum or colon, and the main clinical symptoms include abdominal pain, diarrhea, and purulent bloody stools, with a wide variation in severity. The specific causative factors and pathogenesis of the disease are not yet clear, but most scholars believe that the disease is caused by the interaction of genetic, environmental, infectious, immune, and intestinal flora factors. As for the treatment of UC, medications are commonly used in clinical practice, mainly including aminosalicylates, glucocorticoids, and immunosuppressive drugs. However, due to the many complications associated with conventional drug therapy and the tendency for UC to recur, there is an urgent need to discover new, safer, and more effective drugs. Natural compounds with biodiversity and chemical structure diversity from medicinal plants are the most reliable source for the development of new drug precursors. Evidence suggests that glycosides may reduce the development and progression of UC by modulating anti-inflammatory responses, inhibiting oxidative stress, suppressing abnormal immune responses, and regulating signal transduction. In this manuscript, we provide a review of the epidemiology of UC and the available drugs for disease prevention and treatment. In addition, we demonstrate the protective or therapeutic role of glycosides in UC and describe the possible mechanisms of action to provide a theoretical basis for preclinical studies in drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yating Niu
- School of Basic Medical Science, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Shandong Academy of Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Dianhua Shi
- Shandong Academy of Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Weibiao Zang
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Jianguo Niu
- School of Basic Medical Science, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
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2
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Cheng C, Zhou Y, Nelson HM, Ahmadullah T, Piao H, Wang Z, Guo W, Wang JG, Lai G, Zhu Z. Molecular identification of wines using in situ liquid SIMS and PCA analysis. Front Chem 2023; 11:1124229. [PMID: 36923690 PMCID: PMC10008862 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2023.1124229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Composition analysis in wine is gaining increasing attention because it can provide information about the wine quality, source, and nutrition. In this work, in situ liquid secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) was applied to 14 representative wines, including six wines manufactured by a manufacturer in Washington State, United States, four Cabernet Sauvignon wines, and four Chardonnay wines from other different manufacturers and locations. In situ liquid SIMS has the unique advantage of simultaneously examining both organic and inorganic compositions from liquid samples. Principal component analysis (PCA) of SIMS spectra showed that red and white wines can be clearly differentiated according to their aromatic and oxygen-contained organic species. Furthermore, the identities of different wines, especially the same variety of wines, can be enforced with a combination of both organic and inorganic species. Meanwhile, in situ liquid SIMS is sample-friendly, so liquid samples can be directly analyzed without any prior sample dilution or separation. Taken together, we demonstrate the great potential of in situ liquid SIMS in applications related to the molecular investigation of various liquid samples in food science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuixia Cheng
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Pollutant Analysis and Reuse Technology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi, Hubei, China.,Environmental Molecular Science Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, United States
| | - Yadong Zhou
- Environmental Molecular Science Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, United States.,Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Holden M Nelson
- Environmental Molecular Science Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, United States.,Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Westfield State University, Westfield, MA, United States
| | - Tasneem Ahmadullah
- Environmental Molecular Science Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, United States
| | - Hailan Piao
- Wine Science Center, Washington State University, Richland, WA, United States
| | - Zhaoying Wang
- Center for Imaging and Systems Biology, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Wenxiao Guo
- Environmental Molecular Science Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, United States
| | - Jun-Gang Wang
- Environmental Molecular Science Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, United States.,School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Guosong Lai
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Pollutant Analysis and Reuse Technology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi, Hubei, China
| | - Zihua Zhu
- Environmental Molecular Science Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, United States
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3
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Shehzadi S, Khan SM, Mustafa G, Abdullah A, Khan I, Ahmad Z, Han H, Yu J, Park J, Raposo A. Antiviral COVID-19 protein and molecular docking: In silico characterization of various antiviral compounds extracted from Arisaema jacquemontii Blume. Front Public Health 2022; 10:964741. [PMID: 36211701 PMCID: PMC9540392 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.964741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Arisaema jacquemontii Blume is a highly medicinal and poisonous plant belong to the family Araceae. It is used to treat several deadly diseases, including viral infections. It has antioxidant, anti-cancerous, antimalarial, anti-vermicidal, and antiviral activities. Therefore, five parts of the Arisaema jacquemontii Blume plant, such as leaf, seed, stem, pulp, and rhizome extract, were evaluated for metabolic and in silico characterization of probable compounds using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. A total of 22 compounds were isolated from the methanolic extracts of A. jacquemontii Blume. A selected antiviral COVID-19 protein i.e., protease (6LU7) was docked against the obtained compounds. Different affinities were obtained through various compounds. The best results were shown by three different compounds identified in the rhizome. The maximum binding affinity of these compounds is 8.1 kJ/mol. Molecular docking (MD) indicate that these molecules have the highest binding energies and hydrogen bonding interactions. The binding mode of interaction was discovered to be reasonably effective for counteracting the SARS virus COVID-19. The findings of this study could be extremely useful in the development of more phytochemical-based COVID-19 therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Shehzadi
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Shujaul Mulk Khan
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan,Member, Pakistan Academy of Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Ghazala Mustafa
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Abdullah Abdullah
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Ilham Khan
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Zeeshan Ahmad
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Heesup Han
- College of Hospitality and Tourism Management, Sejong University, Seoul, South Korea,*Correspondence: Heesup Han
| | - Jongsik Yu
- College of Business Division of Tourism and Hotel Management, Cheongju University, Cheongju-si, South Korea
| | - Junghyun Park
- College of Hospitality and Tourism Management, Sejong University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - António Raposo
- CBIOS (Research Center for Biosciences and Health Technologies), Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias, Lisboa, Portugal,António Raposo
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4
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Quercetin Decreases Corneal Haze In Vivo and Influences Gene Expression of TGF-Beta Mediators In Vitro. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12070626. [PMID: 35888751 PMCID: PMC9318747 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12070626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
We have previously reported the flavonoid, quercetin, as a metabolic regulator and inhibitor of myofibroblast differentiation in vitro. Our current study evaluated the effects of topical application of quercetin on corneal scar development using two different animal models followed by RNA analysis in vitro. Wild-type C57BL/6J mice were anesthetized and the corneal epithelium and stroma were manually debrided, followed by quercetin (0.5, 1, 5, or 50 mM) or vehicle application. Corneal scarring was assessed for 3 weeks by slit lamp imaging and clinically scored. In a separate animal study, six New Zealand White rabbits underwent lamellar keratectomy surgery, followed by treatment with 5 mM quercetin or vehicle twice daily for three days. Stromal backscattering was assessed at week 3 by in vivo confocal microscopy. In mice, a single dose of 5 mM quercetin reduced corneal scar formation. In rabbits, stromal backscattering was substantially lower in two out of three animals in the quercetin-treated group. In vitro studies of human corneal fibroblasts showed that quercetin modulated select factors of the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling pathway. These results provide evidence that quercetin may inhibit corneal scarring. Further studies in a larger cohort are required to validate the efficacy and safety of quercetin for clinical applications.
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Bardelčíková A, Miroššay A, Šoltýs J, Mojžiš J. Therapeutic and prophylactic effect of flavonoids in post-COVID-19 therapy. Phytother Res 2022; 36:2042-2060. [PMID: 35302260 PMCID: PMC9111001 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The high incidence of post-covid symptoms in humans confirms the need for effective treatment. Due to long-term complications across several disciplines, special treatment programs emerge for affected patients, emphasizing multidisciplinary care. For these reasons, we decided to look at current knowledge about possible long-term complications of COVID-19 disease and then present the effect of flavonoids, which could help alleviate or eliminate complications in humans after overcoming the COVID-19 infection. Based on articles published from 2003 to 2021, we summarize the flavonoids-based molecular mechanisms associated with the post-COVID-19 syndrome and simultaneously provide a complex view regarding their prophylactic and therapeutic potential. Review clearly sorts out the outcome of post-COVID-19 syndrome according particular body systems. The conclusion is that flavonoids play an important role in prevention of many diseases. We suggest that flavonoids as critical nutritional supplements, are suitable for the alleviation and shortening of the period associated with the post-COVID-19 syndrome. The most promising flavonoid with noteworthy therapeutic and prophylactic effect appears to be quercetin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annamária Bardelčíková
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical Faculty of University of Pavol Jozef Šafárik in Košice, Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Andrej Miroššay
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical Faculty of University of Pavol Jozef Šafárik in Košice, Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Jindřich Šoltýs
- Institute of Parasitology, Slovak Academy of Science, Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Ján Mojžiš
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical Faculty of University of Pavol Jozef Šafárik in Košice, Košice, Slovak Republic
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6
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Bioactive Compounds and Nanodelivery Perspectives for Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app112211031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Bioactive compounds are comprised of small quantities of extra nutritional constituents providing both health benefits and enhanced nutritional value, based on their ability to modulate one or more metabolic processes. Plant-based diets are being thoroughly researched for their cardiovascular properties and effectiveness against cancer. Flavonoids, phytoestrogens, phenolic compounds, and carotenoids are some of the bioactive compounds that aim to work in prevention and treating the cardiovascular disease in a systemic manner, including hypertension, atherosclerosis, and heart failure. Their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties are the most important characteristics that make them favorable candidates for CVDs treatment. However, their low water solubility and stability results in low bioavailability, limited accessibility, and poor absorption. The oral delivery of bioactive compounds is constrained due to physiological barriers such as the pH, mucus layer, gastrointestinal enzymes, epithelium, etc. The present review aims to revise the main bioactive compounds with a significant role in CVDs in terms of preventive, diagnostic, and treatment measures. The advantages of nanoformulations and novel multifunctional nanomaterials development are described in order to overcome multiple obstacles, including the physiological ones, by summarizing the most recent preclinical data and clinical trials reported in the literature. Nanotechnologies will open a new window in the area of CVDs with the opportunity to achieve effective treatment, better prognosis, and less adverse effects on non-target tissues.
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7
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Pati S, Chatterji A, Dash BP, Raveen Nelson B, Sarkar T, Shahimi S, Atan Edinur H, Binti Abd Manan TS, Jena P, Mohanta YK, Acharya D. Structural Characterization and Antioxidant Potential of Chitosan by γ-Irradiation from the Carapace of Horseshoe Crab. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2361. [PMID: 33076234 PMCID: PMC7602389 DOI: 10.3390/polym12102361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 09/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural product extraction is ingenuity that permits the mass manufacturing of specific products in a cost-effective manner. With the aim of obtaining an alternative chitosan supply, the carapace of dead horseshoe crabs seemed feasible. This sparked an investigation of the structural changes and antioxidant capacity of horseshoe crab chitosan (HCH) by γ-irradiation using 60Co source. Chitosan was extracted from the horseshoe crab (Tachypleus gigas; Müller) carapace using heterogeneous chemical N-deacetylation of chitin, followed by the irradiation of HCH using 60Co at a dose-dependent rate of 10 kGy/hour. The average molecular weight was determined by the viscosimetric method. Regarding the chemical properties, the crystal-like structures obtained from γ-irradiated chitosan powders were determined using Fourier transfer infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses. The change in chitosan structure was evident with dose-dependent rates between 10 and 20 kGy/hour. The antioxidant properties of horseshoe crab-derived chitosan were evaluated in vitro. The 20 kGy γ-irradiation applied to chitosan changed the structure and reduced the molecular weight, providing sufficient degradation for an increase in antioxidant activity. Our findings indicate that horseshoe crab chitosan can be employed for both scald-wound healing and long-term food preservation due to its buffer-like and radical ion scavenging ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siddhartha Pati
- Horseshoe Crab Research Unit, Department of Bioscience & Biotechnology, Fakir Mohan University, Balasore 756089, Odisha, India;
- Institute of Tropical Biodiversity and Sustainable Development, University Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus 21030, Terengganu, Malaysia;
| | - Anil Chatterji
- Research Divisions, Association for Biodiversity Conservation and Research, Devine Colony, Balasore 756001, Odisha, India or (A.C.); (Y.K.M.)
- Aquamarina Research Foundation, Dona Paula, Panaji 403004, Goa, India
| | - Bisnu Prasad Dash
- Horseshoe Crab Research Unit, Department of Bioscience & Biotechnology, Fakir Mohan University, Balasore 756089, Odisha, India;
- Centre of Excellence (CoE) for Bioresource Management and Energy Conservation Material Development, Fakir Mohan University, Balasore 756089, Odisha, India;
| | - Bryan Raveen Nelson
- Institute of Tropical Biodiversity and Sustainable Development, University Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus 21030, Terengganu, Malaysia;
- Research Divisions, Association for Biodiversity Conservation and Research, Devine Colony, Balasore 756001, Odisha, India or (A.C.); (Y.K.M.)
| | - Tanmay Sarkar
- Department of Food Technology and Biochemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Jadavpur University, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India;
- Malda Polytechnic, West Bengal State Council of Technical Education, Govt. of West Bengal, Malda 732102, West Bengal, India
| | - Salwa Shahimi
- School of Marine and Environmental Sciences, University Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus 21030, Terengganu, Malaysia;
| | - Hisham Atan Edinur
- Forensic Science Programme, School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Teh Sabariah Binti Abd Manan
- Institute of Tropical Biodiversity and Sustainable Development, University Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus 21030, Terengganu, Malaysia;
| | - Paramananda Jena
- Centre of Excellence (CoE) for Bioresource Management and Energy Conservation Material Development, Fakir Mohan University, Balasore 756089, Odisha, India;
| | - Yugal Kishore Mohanta
- Research Divisions, Association for Biodiversity Conservation and Research, Devine Colony, Balasore 756001, Odisha, India or (A.C.); (Y.K.M.)
| | - Diptikanta Acharya
- School of Biotechnology, GIET University, Gunupur 765022, Odisha, India;
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Dobrydnev AV, Tkachuk TM, Atamaniuk VP, Popova MV. Quercetin-Amino Acid Conjugates are Promising Anti-Cancer Agents in Drug Discovery Projects. Mini Rev Med Chem 2020; 20:107-122. [PMID: 31595850 DOI: 10.2174/1389557519666191009152007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Revised: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Quercetin is a plant flavonoid with great potential for the prevention and treatment of disease. Despite the curative application of quercetin is hampered by low bioavailability, its core serves as a scaffold for generating more potent compounds with amplified therapeutic window. This review aims to describe recent advances in the improvement of the pharmacokinetic profile of quercetin via the amino acid prodrug approach which offers wide structural diversity, physicochemical and biological properties improvement. According to the findings, conjugation of quercetin with amino acids results in increased solubility, stability, cellular permeability as well as biological activity. In particular quercetin- amino acid conjugates exhibited potent anticancer, MDR-reversal and antibiotic resistance reversal activities. The synthetic pathways and examples of quercetin-amino acid conjugates are considered. Practical considerations and challenges associated with the development of these prodrugs are also discussed. This mini-review covers the literature on quercetin-amino acid conjugates since 2001 when the first thematic work was published.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey V Dobrydnev
- SMC Ecopharm Ltd., Naberezhno-Korchuvatska Street 136-B, Kyiv 03045, Ukraine
| | - Tetiana M Tkachuk
- SMC Ecopharm Ltd., Naberezhno-Korchuvatska Street 136-B, Kyiv 03045, Ukraine
| | - Viktor P Atamaniuk
- SMC Ecopharm Ltd., Naberezhno-Korchuvatska Street 136-B, Kyiv 03045, Ukraine
| | - Maria V Popova
- Chemistry Department, National Taras Shevchenko University of Kyiv, Lva Tolstoho Street 12, Kyiv 01033, Ukraine
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Sánchez-Gloria JL, Osorio-Alonso H, Arellano-Buendía AS, Carbó R, Hernández-Díazcouder A, Guzmán-Martín CA, Rubio-Gayosso I, Sánchez-Muñoz F. Nutraceuticals in the Treatment of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E4827. [PMID: 32650586 PMCID: PMC7402298 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21144827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 06/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a severe disease characterized by the loss and obstructive remodeling of the pulmonary arterial wall, causing a rise in pulmonary arterial pressure and pulmonary vascular resistance, which is responsible for right heart failure, functional decline, and death. Although many drugs are available for the treatment of this condition, it continues to be life-threatening, and its long-term treatment is expensive. On the other hand, many natural compounds present in food have beneficial effects on several cardiovascular conditions. Several studies have explored many of the potential beneficial effects of natural plant products on PAH. However, the mechanisms by which natural products, such as nutraceuticals, exert protective and therapeutic effects on PAH are not fully understood. In this review, we analyze the current knowledge on nutraceuticals and their potential use in the protection and treatment of PAH, as well as whether nutraceuticals could enhance the effects of drugs used in PAH through similar mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- José L. Sánchez-Gloria
- Sección de Estudios de Posgrado, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 11340, Mexico; (J.L.S.-G.); (C.A.G.-M.); (I.R.-G.)
- Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City 14080, Mexico;
| | - Horacio Osorio-Alonso
- Departamento de Fisiopatología Cardio-Renal, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (H.O.-A.); (A.S.A.-B.)
| | - Abraham S. Arellano-Buendía
- Departamento de Fisiopatología Cardio-Renal, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (H.O.-A.); (A.S.A.-B.)
| | - Roxana Carbó
- Departamento de Biomedicina Cardiovascular, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City 14080, Mexico;
| | - Adrián Hernández-Díazcouder
- Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City 14080, Mexico;
- Posgrado en Biología Experimental, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Mexico City 09340, Mexico
| | - Carlos A. Guzmán-Martín
- Sección de Estudios de Posgrado, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 11340, Mexico; (J.L.S.-G.); (C.A.G.-M.); (I.R.-G.)
- Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City 14080, Mexico;
| | - Ivan Rubio-Gayosso
- Sección de Estudios de Posgrado, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 11340, Mexico; (J.L.S.-G.); (C.A.G.-M.); (I.R.-G.)
| | - Fausto Sánchez-Muñoz
- Sección de Estudios de Posgrado, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 11340, Mexico; (J.L.S.-G.); (C.A.G.-M.); (I.R.-G.)
- Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City 14080, Mexico;
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Johnson MAA, Madona CX, Almeida RS, Martins N, Coutinho HDM. In Vitro Toxicity, Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Antidiabetic Potential of Sphaerostephanos unitus (L.) Holttum. Antibiotics (Basel) 2020; 9:E333. [PMID: 32570712 PMCID: PMC7345876 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics9060333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Pteridophytes have been widely used in several systems of medicine. Several reports have increasingly assessed their bioactive effects, but for Sphaerostephanos unitus (L.) Holttum, only its antibacterial potential has been assessed. In this sense, the present study was carried out to reveal the phytochemical profile and to determine the toxicity, antioxidant, antidiabetic, and anti-inflammatory potential of S. unitus. Brine shrimp lethality, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, phosphomolybdenum assay, superoxide radical scavenging activity, 2,2-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) assay (ABTS), and in vitro α-amylase inhibitory and membrane stabilization assays were applied. S. unitus extract toxicity showed variable mortality percentages, with LC50 values ranging from 4 to 30 mg/mL. DPPH radical scavenging effects of S. unitus extracts were as follows: methanol > acetone > petroleum ether > chloroform. S. unitus acetone extract displayed the strongest phosphomolybdenum reduction (10 ± 2 mg Ascorbic Acid Equivalent/g). The studied extracts also revealed efficient, superoxide scavenging effects in a dose-dependent manner. In S. unitus, the highest ABTS radical scavenging rate was observed in the chloroform extract (3000 ± 40 µmol/g). The S. unitus anti-inflammatory effect was as follows: petroleum ether > chloroform > methanol > acetone. In S. unitus extract, the highest percentage of α-amylase activity (80%) was observed for the petroleum ether extract (25 µg/mL). Faced with these findings, further studies should be performed to isolate and identify the S. unitus compounds responsible for their antioxidant, antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - C. Xavier Madona
- Centre for Plant Biotechnology, Department of Botany, St. Xavier’s College (Autonomous), Palayamkottai, Tamil Nadu 627 002, India;
| | - Ray S. Almeida
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Molecular Biology (LMBM), Regional University of Cariri-URCA, Crato 63105-000, CE, Brazil; (R.S.A.); (H.D.M.C.)
| | - Natália Martins
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Prof. Hernani Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- Institute for research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Henrique D. M. Coutinho
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Molecular Biology (LMBM), Regional University of Cariri-URCA, Crato 63105-000, CE, Brazil; (R.S.A.); (H.D.M.C.)
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11
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Natural antioxidant potential of selected underutilized wild yams ( Dioscorea spp.) for health benefit. Journal of Food Science and Technology 2020; 57:2370-2376. [PMID: 32431363 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-020-04470-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Modern research is directed towards finding naturally-occurring antioxidants of plant origin for improving nutrition and health benefit. Wild yam species are used as indigenous food and medicine by various tribal groups of Koraput, India. However, detailed analysis of health promoting bioactive compounds and antioxidant properties are lacking. The present study aims to evaluate the flavonoid, total antioxidant capacity and in vitro antioxidant activity of different wild and cultivated Dioscorea species of Koraput. The extract of these tuber was screened for its potential antioxidant activities by various tests, such as DPPH, nitric oxide, superoxide and ABTS radical cation assay. The phenol, flavonoid and total antioxidant capacity of the samples were ranged from 2.19 to 9.62 mg g-1 dry weight, 0.62-0.85 mg g-1 dry weight and 1.63-5.59%, respectively. The IC50 values were 77.9-1164, 101.2-1031.6, 27.0-1022.6 and 47.1-690 µg ml-1 for DPPH, ABTS, superoxide and nitric oxide scavenging activity, respectively. Taken together, some wild yam species such as D. bulbifera, D. pubera and D. pentaphylla had significantly higher flavonoids content and antioxidant capacity along with the lower IC50 values than the standards in compared to the other species. The present studies confirmed that some wild yam tubers have superior potential for scavenging deleterious free radicals effectively. Results indicated that these wild yam species should be promoted as natural source of antioxidants.
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12
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Çayan F, Deveci E, Tel-Çayan G, Duru ME. Identification and quantification of phenolic acid compounds of twenty-six mushrooms by HPLC–DAD. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-020-00417-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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13
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Bui HL, Huang CJ. Tough Polyelectrolyte Hydrogels with Antimicrobial Property via Incorporation of Natural Multivalent Phytic Acid. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:E1721. [PMID: 31640149 PMCID: PMC6835581 DOI: 10.3390/polym11101721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Revised: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Tough and antimicrobial dual-crosslinked poly((trimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate chloride)-phytic acid hydrogel (pTMAEMA-PA) has been synthesized by adding a chemical crosslinker and docking a physical crosslinker of multivalent phytic acid into a cationic polyelectrolyte network. By increasing the loading concentration of PA, the tough hydrogel exhibits compressive stress of >1 MPa, along with high elasticity and fatigue-resistant properties. The enhanced mechanical properties of pTMAEMA-PA stem from the multivalent ion effect of PA via the formation of ion bridges within polyelectrolytes. In addition, a comparative study for a series of pTMAEMA-counterion complexes was conducted to elaborate the relationship between swelling ratio and mechanical strength. The study also revealed secondary factors, such as ion valency, ion specificity and hydrogen bond formation, holding crucial roles in tuning mechanical properties of the polyelectrolyte hydrogel. Furthermore, in bacteria attachment and disk diffusion tests, pTMAEMA-PA exhibits superior fouling resistance and antibacterial capability. The results reflect the fact that PA enables chelating strongly with divalent metal ions, hence, disrupting the outer membrane of bacteria, as well as dysfunction of organelles, DNA and protein. Overall, the work demonstrated a novel strategy for preparation of tough polyelectrolyte with antibacterial capability via docking PA to open up the potential use of PA in medical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoang Linh Bui
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan 32023, Taiwan.
| | - Chun-Jen Huang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan 32023, Taiwan.
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan 32023, Taiwan.
- R&D Center for Membrane Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan 32023, Taiwan.
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Jain S, Jain S, Chauhan NS, Vaidya A. Gastrointestinal Protective Effect of Zizyphus xylopyrus (Retz) Willd Leaf Extract Against Indomethacin and HCl-EtOH Induced Ulcers. CURRENT TRADITIONAL MEDICINE 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/2215083804666181012124047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Zizyphus xylopyrus (Retz.) Willd. (Rhamnaceae) is a straggling
shrub or a small tree, armed with spines, found throughout north western India, Pakistan and
China.
Methods:
The aerial and root barks, leaves and fruits of Zizyphus species are used in medicine
for the treatment of various diseases such as weakness, liver complaints, obesity, diabetes,
skin infections, fever, diarrhea, insomnia and digestive disorders. Ethanolic extract of
leaves of Zizyphus xylopyrus (Retz) Willd was prepared by solvent extraction and subjected
to study the protective effect against Indomethacin and HCl-EtOH induced ulcer using Ranitidine
(100 mg/kg) and Omeprazole (8 mg/kg) as standard respectively.
Results:
Histopathological lesions with marked disorientation of the gastric epithelium was
observed in negative control, while extract treated rats showed a better protected mucosa
with intact epithelium in comparison to standard treated rats. Ulcer index and percentage ulcer
protection also represent protecting effects of the extract.
Conclusion:
Ethanolic extract of Z. xylopyrus (Retz) Willd leaves extract was found to be
significantly protective against gastric ulcers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shweta Jain
- Sir Madanlal Group of Institutions Etawah (U.P.), India
| | - Sourabh Jain
- Bhagyoday Tirth Pharmacy College, Sagar (M.P.), India
| | - Nagendra S. Chauhan
- Drugs Testing Laboratory Avam Anusandhan Kendra, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Ankur Vaidya
- Pharmacy College, Uttar Pradesh University of Medical Sciences, Saifai, Etawah, (U.P.), India
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15
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Yousefian M, Shakour N, Hosseinzadeh H, Hayes AW, Hadizadeh F, Karimi G. The natural phenolic compounds as modulators of NADPH oxidases in hypertension. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 55:200-213. [PMID: 30668430 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2018.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Revised: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 08/05/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypertension is a major public health problem worldwide. It is an important risk factor for other cardiovascular diseases such as coronary artery disease, stroke, heart failure, atrial fibrillation, peripheral vascular disease, chronic kidney disease, and atherosclerosis. PURPOSE There is strong evidence that excess ROS-derived NADPH oxidase (NOX) is an important agent in hypertension. It augments blood pressure in the presence of other pro-hypertensive factors such as angiotensin II (Ang II), an important and potent regulator of cardiovascular NADPH oxidase, activates NOX via AT1 receptors. NADPH oxidase, a multi-subunit complex enzyme, is considered as a key source of ROS production in the vasculature. The activation of this enzyme is needed for assembling Rac-1, p40phox, p47phox and p67phox subunits. Since, hypertensive patients need to control blood pressure for their entire life and because drugs and other chemicals often induce adverse effects, the use of natural phenolic compounds which are less toxic and potentially beneficial may be good avenues of addition research in our understand of the underlying mechanism involved in hypertension. This review focused on several natural phenolic compounds as berberine, thymoquinone, catechin, celastrol, apocynin, resveratrol, curcumin, hesperidine and G-hesperidine, and quercetin which are NOX inhibitors. In addition, structure activity relationship of these compounds eventually as the most inhibitors was discussed. METHODS This comprehensive review is based on pertinent papers by a selective search using relevant keywords that was collected using online search engines and databases such as ScienceDirect, Scopus and PubMed. The literature mainly focusing on natural products with therapeutic efficacies against hypertension via experimental models both in vitro and in vivo was identified. RESULTS It has been observed that these natural compounds prevent NADPH oxidase expression and ROS production while increasing NO bioavailability. It have been reported that they improve hypertension due to formation of a stable radical with ROS-derived NADPH oxidase and preventing the assembly of NOX subunites. CONCLUSION It is clear that natural phenolic compounds have some potential inhibitory effect on NADPH oxidase activity. In comparison to other phenolic plant compounds, the structural variability of the flavonoids should off different impacts on oxidative stress in hypertension including inhibition of nadph oxidase and direct scavenging of free radicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mozhdeh Yousefian
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Neda Shakour
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hossein Hosseinzadeh
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - A Wallace Hayes
- University of South Florida College of Public Health, USA; Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Farzin Hadizadeh
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Karimi
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Abstract
Flavonoids are tricyclic polyphenolic compounds naturally occurring in plants. Being nature’s antioxidants flavonoids have been shown to reduce the damages induced by oxidative stress in cells. Besides being an antioxidant, flavonols are demonstrated to have anti-infective properties, i.e., antiviral, antifungal, anti-angiogenic, anti-tumorigenic, and immunomodulatory bioproperties. Plants use them as one of their defense mechanisms against radiation-induced DNA damage and also for fungal infections. The use of flavonols for fabrication of new drugs has been underway with objectives to develop safer and effective therapeutic agents. This review covers 15 flavonols for their structure, biological properties, role in plant metabolisms, and current research focused on computational drug design using flavonols for searching drug leads.
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Luz TSA, Leite JC, Bezerra S, de Mesquita LS, Ribeiro EG, De Mesquita JC, Silveira DB, Brito MA, Vilanova C, do Amaral FM, Coutinho D. Pharmacognostic evaluation of Carapa guianensis Aubl. leaves: A medicinal plant native from Brazilian Amazon. Pharmacognosy Res 2019. [DOI: 10.4103/pr.pr_41_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Jordão A, Sousa J, Correia A, Valdés M, Nunes F, Cosme F. Phenolic composition of vine leaves infusions produced from different Portuguese and Spanish Vitis vinifera L. varieties. BIO WEB OF CONFERENCES 2019. [DOI: 10.1051/bioconf/20191204004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The main object of the present study was to analyze the phenolic composition of vine leaves infusions prepared from 8 different Portuguese (Fernão Pires, Touriga Franca, Tinta Roriz, Encruzado, Touriga Nacional, Rufete, Baga, and Siria) and Spanish (Pardina, Cayetana, Garnacha, Cigüente, Eva, Tempranillo, Macabeo and Verdelho) Vitis vinifera L. varieties. In general, a wide range of phenolic content were obtained from the vine leaves infusions according to the vine variety used. Thus, for total phenolic content the values ranged from 18 to 37 mg/L for the infusions produced from Portuguese varieties, while for Spanish varieties the values ranged from 14 to 37 mg/L. Vine leaves infusions obtained from Touriga Franca and Pardina varieties showed the highest total phenolic content. As a consequence of phenolic composition, chromatic characteristics (L*, a* and b*) of vine leaves infusions were also analyzed. Finally, it was also detected different individual phenolic compounds, such as, coutaric acid, trans-caftaric acid, quercetin-3-O-glucoside, rutin and 3 different anthocyanins from the different vine leaves infusions. All of the results obtained in this work show that vine leaves infusion may be an interesting alternative source of phenolic compounds for human diet.
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19
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Finn-Sell SL, Cottrell EC, Greenwood SL, Dilworth MR, Cowley EJ, Sibley CP, Wareing M. Pomegranate Juice Supplementation Alters Utero-Placental Vascular Function and Fetal Growth in the eNOS -/- Mouse Model of Fetal Growth Restriction. Front Physiol 2018; 9:1145. [PMID: 30154737 PMCID: PMC6103006 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The eNOS−/− mouse provides a well-characterized model of fetal growth restriction (FGR) with altered uterine and umbilical artery function and reduced utero- and feto-placental blood flow. Pomegranate juice (PJ), which is rich in antioxidants and bioactive polyphenols, has been posited as a beneficial dietary supplement to promote cardiovascular health. We hypothesized that maternal supplementation with PJ will improve uterine and umbilical artery function and thereby enhance fetal growth in the eNOS−/− mouse model of FGR. Wild type (WT, C57Bl/6J) and eNOS−/− mice were supplemented from E12.5-18.5 with either PJ in their drinking water or water alone. At E18.5 uterine (UtA) and umbilical (UmbA) arteries were isolated for study of vascular function, fetuses and placentas were weighed and fetal biometric measurements taken. PJ supplementation significantly increased UtA basal tone (both genotypes) and enhanced phenylephrine-induced contraction in eNOS−/− but not WT mice. Conversely PJ significantly reduced UtA relaxation in response to both acetylcholine (Ach) and sodium nitroprusside (SNP), endothelium dependent and independent vasodilators respectively from WT but not eNOS−/− mice. UmbA sensitivity to U46619-mediated contraction was increased by PJ supplementation in WT mice; PJ enhanced contraction and relaxation of UmbA to Ach and SNP respectively in both genotypes. Contrary to our hypothesis, the changes in artery function induced by PJ were not associated with an increase in fetal weight. However, PJ supplementation reduced litter size and fetal abdominal and head circumference in both genotypes. Collectively the data do not support maternal PJ supplementation as a safe or effective treatment for FGR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah L Finn-Sell
- Maternal and Fetal Health Research Centre, Division of Developmental Biology and Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.,Saint Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Elizabeth C Cottrell
- Maternal and Fetal Health Research Centre, Division of Developmental Biology and Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.,Saint Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Susan L Greenwood
- Maternal and Fetal Health Research Centre, Division of Developmental Biology and Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.,Saint Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Mark R Dilworth
- Maternal and Fetal Health Research Centre, Division of Developmental Biology and Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.,Saint Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Elizabeth J Cowley
- Maternal and Fetal Health Research Centre, Division of Developmental Biology and Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.,Saint Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Colin P Sibley
- Maternal and Fetal Health Research Centre, Division of Developmental Biology and Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.,Saint Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Mark Wareing
- Maternal and Fetal Health Research Centre, Division of Developmental Biology and Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.,Saint Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
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20
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Williamson G, Kay CD, Crozier A. The Bioavailability, Transport, and Bioactivity of Dietary Flavonoids: A Review from a Historical Perspective. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2018; 17:1054-1112. [DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 271] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2018] [Revised: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Colin D. Kay
- Food Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, Plants for Human Health Inst. North Carolina State Univ. North Carolina Research Campus Kannapolis NC 28081 U.S.A
| | - Alan Crozier
- Dept. of Nutrition Univ. of California Davis CA 95616 U.S.A
- School of Medicine Dentistry and Nursing, Univ. Glasgow Glasgow G12 8QQ UK
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21
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Quercetin enhances chemotherapeutic effect of doxorubicin against human breast cancer cells while reducing toxic side effects of it. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 100:441-447. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.02.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Revised: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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22
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Dönder Y, Arikan TB, Baykan M, Akyüz M, Öz AB. Effects of quercitrin on bacterial translocation in a rat model of experimental colitis. Asian J Surg 2018; 41:543-550. [PMID: 29371051 DOI: 10.1016/j.asjsur.2017.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Revised: 12/25/2017] [Accepted: 12/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to analyze the effects of quercitrin, which has anti-inflammatory properties, on bacterial translocation in inflammatory bowel diseases by using an experimental colitis model. METHODS Forty male Wistar-Albino rats were used in the study. Rats were divided into 4 groups (control, colitis, treatment 1 and 2 groups). The rats in the control group were given normal drinking water. In the colitis group, colitis was induced by 5% DSS in drinking water. The control and colitis groups underwent operation on Day 7. In the 2 treatment groups, 5% DSS was added to drinking water for the first 7 days and the groups were treated with quercitrin at the doses of 1 and 5 mg/kg/day for the following 10 days. Treatment groups operated on Day 18. Blood samples were taken for blood culture and left colectomy was performed. The inflammation in the colon was macroscopically and microscopically evaluated and graded. Tissue samples were taken (liver, spleen and mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN)) for tissue culturing in order to assess bacterial translocation. Tissue myeloperoxidase (MPO), serum tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and plasma endotoxin levels were measured. RESULTS When the control and colitis groups were compared, observed that colitis was induced by DSS (p < 0.05). When the colitis and treatment groups were compared, it was found that quercitrin had a significant therapeutic effect (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION In the experimental colitis model established by using DSS, treatment with quercitrin resulted in a histopathological improvement and reduction in biochemical parameters, inflammation and in bacterial translocation (p < 0.05).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunus Dönder
- Kilis State Hospital, Department of General Surgery, Kilis, Turkey.
| | - Türkmen B Arikan
- Erciyes University School of Medicine, Department of General Surgery, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Baykan
- Private Melikgazi Hospital, Department of General Surgery, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Muhammet Akyüz
- Erciyes University School of Medicine, Department of General Surgery, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - A Bahadır Öz
- Erciyes University School of Medicine, Department of General Surgery, Kayseri, Turkey
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23
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Abstract
Phenotypic screens are increasingly utilized in drug discovery for multiple purposes such as lead and/or tool compound finding, and target discovery. Using potent and selective chemical tool compounds against well-defined targets in phenotypic screens can help elucidate biological processes modulating assay phenotypes. Unfortunately the identification of such tools from large heterogeneous bioactivity databases is nontrivial and there is repeated use of published unselective compounds as phenotypic tools. Here we describe a computational model, the compound-target tool score (TS), which is an evidence-based quantitative confidence metric that can be used to systematically rank tool compounds for targets. The identified selective and nonselective tool compounds have applications in phenotypic assays for target hypothesis validation as well as assay development.
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24
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Hansen-Krone IJ, Brækkan SK, Enga KF, Wilsgaard T, Hansen JB. Alcohol consumption, types of alcoholic beverages and risk of venous thromboembolism – The Tromsø Study. Thromb Haemost 2017; 106:272-8. [DOI: 10.1160/th11-01-0043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2011] [Accepted: 05/03/2011] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
SummaryModerate alcohol consumption has been shown to protect against cardiovascular diseases. The association between alcohol consumption, especially types of alcoholic beverages, and venous thromboembolism (VTE) is less well described. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of alcohol consumption and different alcoholic beverages on risk of VTE. Information on alcohol consumption was collected by a selfadministrated questionnaire in 26,662 subjects, aged 25–97 years, who participated in the Tromsø Study, in 1994–1995. Subjects were followed through September 1, 2007 with incident VTE as the primary outcome. There were 460 incident VTE-events during a median of 12.5 years of follow-up. Total alcohol consumption was not associated with risk of incident VTE. However, subjects consuming ≥3 units of liquor per week had 53% increased risk of VTE compared to teetotalers in analyses adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, smoking, diabetes, cancer, previous cardiovascular disease, physical activity and higher education (HR: 1.53, 95% CI: 1.00–2.33). Contrary, subjects with a wine intake of ≥3 units/week had 22% reduced risk of VTE (HR: 0.78, 95% CI: 0.47–1.30), further adjustment for liquor and beer intake strengthened the protective effect of wine (HR: 0.53, 95% CI: 0.30–1.00). Frequent binge drinkers (≥1/week) had a 17% increased risk of VTE compared to teetotallers (HR 1.17, 95% CI: 0.66–2.09), and a 47% increased risk compared to non-binge drinkers (HR 1.47, 95% CI: 0.85–2.54). In conclusion, liquor consumption and binge drinking was associated with increased risk of VTE, whereas wine consumption was possibly associated with reduced risk of VTE.
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Effects of replacement of Moringa oleifera for berseem clover in the diets of Nubian goats on feed utilisation, and milk yield, composition and fatty acid profile. Animal 2017; 12:964-972. [PMID: 28988560 DOI: 10.1017/s1751731117002336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Replacement of conventional feedstuffs with cheap non-conventional ingredients may improve livestock performance and the quality of their products, particularly milk. The study considered the effects of Moringa oleifera (MO) foliage in replacement of berseem clover (BC) on feed utilisation and lactational performance in Nubian goats. A total of 16 lactating Nubian does, weighing 36.2±0.8 kg, were randomly assigned to four experimental treatments containing 0, 125, 250 and 375 g of MO per kg diet to replace 0 (M0), 25 (M25), 50 (M50) and 75% (M75) of BC (on dry matter (DM) basis) in a quadruplicated 4×4 Latin square design. The MO diets increased (P<0.01) feed intake and nutrient digestibility. Feeding MO diets improved (P<0.01) ruminal volatile fatty acids, acetate and propionate but reduced (P<0.01) valerate and iso-butyrate. Moringa diets increased (P<0.01) serum total protein, albumin and glucose but decreased (P<0.05) cholesterol and triglycerides. Milk yield and energy corrected milk, and milk total solids, fat and energy content were increased (P<0.01) in MO diets. Yields of milk components and energy were greater (P<0.05) for MO diets than for control diet. Milk total saturated fatty acids and athrogenicity index were lower (P<0.01), and unsaturated fatty acids, conjugated fatty acids and UFA/SFA ratio higher (P<0.05) for MO diets. It is concluded that feeding MO to replace 75% DM of BC improved feed utilisation, ruminal fermentation, and milk yield and quality in lactating Nubian goats.
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Liu Y, Tang ZG, Yang JQ, Zhou Y, Meng LH, Wang H, Li CL. Low concentration of quercetin antagonizes the invasion and angiogenesis of human glioblastoma U251 cells. Onco Targets Ther 2017; 10:4023-4028. [PMID: 28860810 PMCID: PMC5565384 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s136821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is the most aggressive type of brain tumor with a very poor prognosis. Therefore, it is always of great importance to explore and develop new potential treatment for glioblastoma. Quercetin, a flavonoid present in a variety of human foods, has been shown to inhibit various tumor cell proliferation. In this study, we found that treating human glioblastoma U251 cells with 10 μg/mL quercetin for 24 hours, a concentration that was far below the IC50 (113.65 μg/mL) and at which quercetin failed to inhibit cell proliferation, inhibited cell migration (30%) and cell invasion as examined by wound scratch assay and transwell assay, respectively. We further showed that 10 μg/mL quercetin inhibited cell migration and tube formation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells induced by the conditioned medium derived from U251 cell culture. The inhibitory effect of quercetin on migration and angiogenesis is possibly mediated through the downregulation of protein levels of VEGFA, MMP9, and MMP2 as detected by Western blot. Our findings demonstrated that low concentration of quercetin antagonized glioblastoma cell invasion and angiogenesis in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Cai-Li Li
- Institute of Esophageal Tumor, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
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27
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Chen L, Teng H, Xie Z, Cao H, Cheang WS, Skalicka-Woniak K, Georgiev MI, Xiao J. Modifications of dietary flavonoids towards improved bioactivity: An update on structure-activity relationship. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2017; 58:513-527. [PMID: 27438892 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2016.1196334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Over the past two decades, extensive studies have revealed that inflammation represents a major risk factor for various human diseases. Chronic inflammatory responses predispose to pathological progression of chronic illnesses featured with penetration of inflammatory cells, dysregulation of cellular signaling, excessive generation of cytokines, and loss of barrier function. Hence, the suppression of inflammation has the potential to delay, prevent, and to treat chronic diseases. Flavonoids, which are widely distributed in humans daily diet, such as vegetables, fruits, tea and cocoa, among others, are considered as bioactive compounds with anti-inflammatory potential. Modification of flavonoids including hydroxylation, o-methylation, and glycosylation, can alter their metabolic features and affect mechanisms of inflammation. Structure-activity relationships among naturally occurred flavonoids hence provide us with a preliminary insight into their anti-inflammatory potential, not only attributing to the antioxidant capacity, but also to modulate inflammatory mediators. The present review summarizes current knowledge and underlies mechanisms of anti-inflammatory activities of dietary flavonoids and their influences involved in the development of various inflammatory-related chronic diseases. In addition, the established structure-activity relationships of phenolic compounds in this review may give an insight for the screening of new anti-inflammatory agents from dietary materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Chen
- a College of Food Science , Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University , Fuzhou , Fujian , China
| | - Hui Teng
- a College of Food Science , Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University , Fuzhou , Fujian , China
| | - Zhenglu Xie
- b Jinshan College , Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University , Fuzhou , Fujian , China
| | - Hui Cao
- c Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade , Taipa , Macau
| | - Wai San Cheang
- c Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade , Taipa , Macau
| | - Krystyna Skalicka-Woniak
- d Department of Pharmacognosy with Medicinal Plant Unit , Medical University of Lublin , Lublin , Poland
| | - Milen I Georgiev
- e Group of Plant Cell Biotechnology and Metabolomics , The Stephan Angeloff Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences , Plovdiv , Bulgaria.,f Center of Plant Systems Biology and Biotechnology , Plovdiv , Bulgaria
| | - Jianbo Xiao
- c Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade , Taipa , Macau
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Raza A, Bano S, Xu X, Zhang RX, Khalid H, Iqbal FM, Xia C, Tang J, Ouyang Z. Rutin-Nickel Complex: Synthesis, Characterization, Antioxidant, DNA Binding, and DNA Cleavage Activities. Biol Trace Elem Res 2017; 178:160-169. [PMID: 27988826 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-016-0909-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The rutin-nickel (II) complex (RN) was synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, UV-visible spectroscopy, IR, mass spectrometry, 1H NMR, TG-DSC, SEM, and molar conductivity. The low molar conductivity value investigates the non-electrolyte nature of the complex. The elemental analysis and other physical and spectroscopic methods reveal the 1:2 stoichiometric ratio (metal/ligand) of the complex. An antioxidant study of rutin and its metal complex against DPPH radical showed that the complex has more radical scavenging activity than free rutin. The interaction of complex RN with DNA was determined using fluorescence spectra and agarose gel electrophoresis. The results showed that RN can intercalate moderately with DNA, quench a strong intercalator ethidium bromide (EB), and compete for the intercalative binding sites. The complex showed significant cleavage of pBR 322 DNA from supercoiled form (SC) to nicked circular form (NC), and these cleavage effects were dose-dependent. Moreover, the mechanism of DNA cleavage indicated that it was a hydrolytic cleavage pathway. These results revealed the potential nuclease activity of the complex to cleave DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aun Raza
- School of pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Shumaila Bano
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Alternative Medicine, Department of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Xiuquan Xu
- School of pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Rong Xian Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Haider Khalid
- School of Computer Science and Communication Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | | | - Changkun Xia
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Jian Tang
- School of pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China.
| | - Zhen Ouyang
- School of pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
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29
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Jabri MA, Hajji N, Wannes D, Tounsi H, Jridi M, Abdellaoui A, Nasri M, Marzouki L, Sebai H. HPLC/PDA/ESI-MS/MS analysis of chamomile decoction and mechanism of its protective effects on aspirin-induced small bowel injuries. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra07339a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study is to evaluate the effect of chamomile (Matricaria recutitaL.) decoction extract (CDE) on aspirin-induced small bowel injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed-Amine Jabri
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Fonctionnelle et Valorisation des Bio-Ressources
- Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Béja
- Université de Jendouba
- 9000 Béja
- Tunisia
| | - Najla Hajji
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Fonctionnelle et Valorisation des Bio-Ressources
- Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Béja
- Université de Jendouba
- 9000 Béja
- Tunisia
| | - Dalanda Wannes
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Fonctionnelle et Valorisation des Bio-Ressources
- Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Béja
- Université de Jendouba
- 9000 Béja
- Tunisia
| | - Haifa Tounsi
- Laboratoire d'anatomie pathologique humaine et expérimentale
- Institut Pasteur de Tunis
- Tunis 1002
- Tunisia
| | - Mourad Jridi
- Laboratoire de Génie Enzymatique et de Microbiologie
- Ecole Nationale d’Ingénieurs de Sfax
- Université de Sfax
- 3038 Sfax
- Tunisia
| | - Afifa Abdellaoui
- Laboratoire d'anatomie pathologique humaine et expérimentale
- Institut Pasteur de Tunis
- Tunis 1002
- Tunisia
| | - Moncef Nasri
- Laboratoire de Génie Enzymatique et de Microbiologie
- Ecole Nationale d’Ingénieurs de Sfax
- Université de Sfax
- 3038 Sfax
- Tunisia
| | - Lamjed Marzouki
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Fonctionnelle et Valorisation des Bio-Ressources
- Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Béja
- Université de Jendouba
- 9000 Béja
- Tunisia
| | - Hichem Sebai
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Fonctionnelle et Valorisation des Bio-Ressources
- Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Béja
- Université de Jendouba
- 9000 Béja
- Tunisia
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30
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Wang Y, Cornett A, King FJ, Mao Y, Nigsch F, Paris CG, McAllister G, Jenkins JL. Evidence-Based and Quantitative Prioritization of Tool Compounds in Phenotypic Drug Discovery. Cell Chem Biol 2016; 23:862-874. [PMID: 27427232 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2016.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2015] [Revised: 04/29/2016] [Accepted: 05/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The use of potent and selective chemical tools with well-defined targets can help elucidate biological processes driving phenotypes in phenotypic screens. However, identification of selective compounds en masse to create targeted screening sets is non-trivial. A systematic approach is needed to prioritize probes, which prevents the repeated use of published but unselective compounds. Here we performed a meta-analysis of integrated large-scale, heterogeneous bioactivity data to create an evidence-based, quantitative metric to systematically rank tool compounds for targets. Our tool score (TS) was then tested on hundreds of compounds by assessing their activity profiles in a panel of 41 cell-based pathway assays. We demonstrate that high-TS tools show more reliably selective phenotypic profiles than lower-TS compounds. Additionally we highlight frequently tested compounds that are non-selective tools and distinguish target family polypharmacology from cross-family promiscuity. TS can therefore be used to prioritize compounds from heterogeneous databases for phenotypic screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Wang
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research Inc., 250 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
| | - Allen Cornett
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research Inc., 250 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Fred J King
- Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, 10675 John Jay Hopkins Drive, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Yi Mao
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Florian Nigsch
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Novartis Campus, Basel 4056, Switzerland
| | - C Gregory Paris
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research Inc., 250 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Gregory McAllister
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research Inc., 250 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Jeremy L Jenkins
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research Inc., 250 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
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31
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Kholif A, Morsy T, Gouda G, Anele U, Galyean M. Effect of feeding diets with processed Moringa oleifera meal as protein source in lactating Anglo-Nubian goats. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2016.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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32
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Yorulmaz O O, Ertug PU, Karabulut E, Kumcu EK, Singirik E, Secilmis MA. Dose-dependent Differential Mechanism of Quercetin-induced
Vasodilatations in Isolated Perfused Rat Mesenteric Vascular Bed. INT J PHARMACOL 2016. [DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2016.379.386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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33
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Du G, Sun L, Zhao R, Du L, Song J, Zhang L, He G, Zhang Y, Zhang J. Polyphenols: Potential source of drugs for the treatment of ischaemic heart disease. Pharmacol Ther 2016; 162:23-34. [PMID: 27113411 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2016.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2015] [Accepted: 04/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
Polyphenols, which are naturally present in plants, have been studied for their chemical and pharmacological properties. Polyphenols have been found to exhibit various bioactivities such as antioxidant, free radical scavenging and anti-inflammatory effects, in addition to regulating the intracellular free calcium levels. These bioactivities are related to the underlying mechanisms of ischaemic heart diseases. Pharmacological studies have proven polyphenols to be effective in treating cardiovascular diseases in various ways, particularly ischaemic heart diseases. Based on their mode of action, we propose that some polyphenols can be developed as drugs to treat ischaemic heart diseases. For this purpose, a strategy to evaluate the therapeutic value of drugs for ischaemic heart diseases is needed. Despite several advances in percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), the incidence of myocardial infarction and deaths due to cardiovascular diseases has not decreased markedly in China. Due to their pleiotropic properties and structural diversity, polyphenols have been of great interest in pharmacology. In the present review, we summarize the pharmacological effects and mechanisms of polyphenols reported after 2000, and we analyse the benefits or druggability of these compounds for ischaemic heart diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanhua Du
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screening, State Key Laboratory for Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China.
| | - Lan Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screening, State Key Laboratory for Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Rui Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screening, State Key Laboratory for Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Lida Du
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Junke Song
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screening, State Key Laboratory for Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screening, State Key Laboratory for Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Guorong He
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screening, State Key Laboratory for Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yongxiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Juntian Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screening, State Key Laboratory for Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
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34
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Halo M, Ferrari AM, Berlier G, Miletto I, Casassa S. Experimental and first-principles IR characterization of quercetin adsorbed on a silica surface. Theor Chem Acc 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s00214-016-1854-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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35
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Guiné RPF, Rodrigues AP, Ferreira SM, Gonçalves FJ. Development of Yogurts Enriched with Antioxidants from Wine. JOURNAL OF CULINARY SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/15428052.2015.1111180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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36
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Estork DM, Gusmão DF, Paciencia ML, Frana SA, Díaz IE, Varella AD, Younes RN, Reis LF, Montero EF, Bernardi MM, Suffredini IB. Casinga-cheirosa organic extract impairment over Balb-c male mice behavioral phenotype. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE FARMACOGNOSIA-BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOGNOSY 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjp.2015.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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37
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Zoccali C, Mallamaci F. Cocoa Flavanols: A Magic Potion for Protecting the Endothelium in Kidney Failure? Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2015; 11:9-11. [PMID: 26681133 DOI: 10.2215/cjn.12141115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carmine Zoccali
- National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Clinical Physiology, Clinical Epidemiology and Physiopathology of Renal Disease and Hypertension, Ospedali Riuniti Reggio Calabria, Italy; and
| | - Francesca Mallamaci
- National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Clinical Physiology, Clinical Epidemiology and Physiopathology of Renal Disease and Hypertension, Ospedali Riuniti Reggio Calabria, Italy; and Nephrology, Hypertension and Renal Transplantation Unit, Ospedali Riuniti, Reggio Calabria, Italy
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38
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Tayyebeh M, Mohammad RO, Behrooz J, Masoomeh B, Mannan H, Naficeh S. Antioxidant activity of Iranian barley grain cultivars and their malts. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.5897/ajfs2014.1210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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39
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Willenberg I, Meschede AK, Gueler F, Jang MS, Shushakova N, Schebb NH. Food Polyphenols Fail to Cause a Biologically Relevant Reduction of COX-2 Activity. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0139147. [PMID: 26440517 PMCID: PMC4594923 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0139147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2015] [Accepted: 09/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiologic studies show a correlation between the dietary intake of food polyphenols and beneficial health effects. Several in vitro studies indicate that the anti-inflammatory potential of polyphenols is, at least in part, mediated by a modulation of the enzymes of the arachidonic acid cascade, such as the prostaglandin forming cyclooxygenases (COXs). Evidence that this mode of action can be transferred to the situation in vivo is scarce. This study characterized effects of a subset of polyphenols on COX–2 expression and activity in vitro and compared the potency with known drugs. Next, the in vivo relevance of the observed in vitro effects was tested. Enzyme assays and incubations of polyphenols with the cancer cell line HCA–7 and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulated primary monocytes support the hypothesis that polyphenols can effect COX–2 expression and activity in vitro. The effects were most pronounced in the monocyte assay for wogonin, apigenin, resveratrol and genistein with IC50 values of 1.5 μM, 2.6 μM, 2.8 μM and 7.4 μM. However, these values are 100- to 1000-fold higher in comparison to those of the known pharmaceuticals celecoxib, indomethacin and dexamethasone. In an animal model of LPS induced sepsis, pretreatment with polyphenols (i. p. 100 mg/kg bw) did not result in decreased plasma or tissue prostaglandin levels, whereas the positive control celecoxib effectively attenuated LPS induced prostaglandin formation. These data suggest that despite the moderate potency in vitro, an effect of polyphenols on COX–2 during acute inflammation is unlikely, even if a high dose of polyphenols is ingested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ina Willenberg
- University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Institute for Food Toxicology and Analytical Chemistry, Bischofsholer Damm 15, 30173 Hannover, Germany
| | - Anna K. Meschede
- University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Institute for Food Toxicology and Analytical Chemistry, Bischofsholer Damm 15, 30173 Hannover, Germany
| | - Faikah Gueler
- Department of Nephrology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Mi-Sun Jang
- Department of Nephrology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Nelli Shushakova
- Department of Nephrology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- Phenos GmbH, Feodor-Lynen-Straße 5, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Nils Helge Schebb
- University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Institute for Food Toxicology and Analytical Chemistry, Bischofsholer Damm 15, 30173 Hannover, Germany
- University of Wuppertal, Institute of Food Chemistry, Gaußstraße 20, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany
- * E-mail:
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40
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Moringa oleifera leaf meal as a protein source in lactating goat's diets: Feed intake, digestibility, ruminal fermentation, milk yield and composition, and its fatty acids profile. Small Rumin Res 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2015.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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41
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Diosgenin prevents bone loss on retinoic acid-induced osteoporosis in rats. Ir J Med Sci 2015; 185:581-587. [DOI: 10.1007/s11845-015-1309-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2014] [Accepted: 05/02/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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42
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GRID and docking analyses reveal a molecular basis for flavonoid inhibition of Src family kinase activity. J Nutr Biochem 2015; 26:1156-65. [PMID: 26140983 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2015.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2015] [Revised: 05/02/2015] [Accepted: 05/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Flavonoids reduce cardiovascular disease risk through anti-inflammatory, anti-coagulant and anti-platelet actions. One key flavonoid inhibitory mechanism is blocking kinase activity that drives these processes. Flavonoids attenuate activities of kinases including phosphoinositide-3-kinase, Fyn, Lyn, Src, Syk, PKC, PIM1/2, ERK, JNK and PKA. X-ray crystallographic analyses of kinase-flavonoid complexes show that flavonoid ring systems and their hydroxyl substitutions are important structural features for their binding to kinases. A clearer understanding of structural interactions of flavonoids with kinases is necessary to allow construction of more potent and selective counterparts. We examined flavonoid (quercetin, apigenin and catechin) interactions with Src family kinases (Lyn, Fyn and Hck) applying the Sybyl docking algorithm and GRID. A homology model (Lyn) was used in our analyses to demonstrate that high-quality predicted kinase structures are suitable for flavonoid computational studies. Our docking results revealed potential hydrogen bond contacts between flavonoid hydroxyls and kinase catalytic site residues. Identification of plausible contacts indicated that quercetin formed the most energetically stable interactions, apigenin lacked hydroxyl groups necessary for important contacts and the non-planar structure of catechin could not support predicted hydrogen bonding patterns. GRID analysis using a hydroxyl functional group supported docking results. Based on these findings, we predicted that quercetin would inhibit activities of Src family kinases with greater potency than apigenin and catechin. We validated this prediction using in vitro kinase assays. We conclude that our study can be used as a basis to construct virtual flavonoid interaction libraries to guide drug discovery using these compounds as molecular templates.
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43
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Bondonno CP, Croft KD, Ward N, Considine MJ, Hodgson JM. Dietary flavonoids and nitrate: effects on nitric oxide and vascular function. Nutr Rev 2015; 73:216-35. [PMID: 26024545 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuu014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence highlights dietary flavonoids and nitrate as candidates that may explain at least part of the cardioprotective effect of a fruit and vegetable diet. Nitric oxide plays a pivotal role in cardiovascular health. Components of a fruit and vegetable diet that are cardioprotective, in part through effects on nitric oxide status, could substantially reduce the cardiovascular risk profile of the general population with increased intake of such a diet. Epidemiological evidence suggests that dietary flavonoids and nitrate have a cardioprotective effect. Clinical trials with flavonoid- and nitrate-rich foods have shown benefits on measures of vascular health. While the molecular mechanisms by which flavonoids and nitrate are cardioprotective are not completely understood, recent evidence suggests both nonspecific and specific effects through nitric oxide pathways. This review presents an overview of nitric oxide and its key role in cardiovascular health and discusses the possible vascular benefits of flavonoids and nitrate, individually and in combination, through effects on nitric oxide status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine P Bondonno
- C.P. Bondonno, K.D. Croft, N.C. Ward, and J.M. Hodgson are with the School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Perth Western Australia, Australia. M.J. Considine is with the School of Plant Biology, University of Western Australia, Perth Western Australia and the Department of Agriculture and Food Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
| | - Kevin D Croft
- C.P. Bondonno, K.D. Croft, N.C. Ward, and J.M. Hodgson are with the School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Perth Western Australia, Australia. M.J. Considine is with the School of Plant Biology, University of Western Australia, Perth Western Australia and the Department of Agriculture and Food Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Natalie Ward
- C.P. Bondonno, K.D. Croft, N.C. Ward, and J.M. Hodgson are with the School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Perth Western Australia, Australia. M.J. Considine is with the School of Plant Biology, University of Western Australia, Perth Western Australia and the Department of Agriculture and Food Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Michael J Considine
- C.P. Bondonno, K.D. Croft, N.C. Ward, and J.M. Hodgson are with the School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Perth Western Australia, Australia. M.J. Considine is with the School of Plant Biology, University of Western Australia, Perth Western Australia and the Department of Agriculture and Food Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Jonathan M Hodgson
- C.P. Bondonno, K.D. Croft, N.C. Ward, and J.M. Hodgson are with the School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Perth Western Australia, Australia. M.J. Considine is with the School of Plant Biology, University of Western Australia, Perth Western Australia and the Department of Agriculture and Food Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
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44
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Muthuraman A, Kaur P, Kaur P, Singh H, Boparai PS. Ameliorative potential of vitamin P and digoxin in ischemic–reperfusion induced renal injury using the Langendorff apparatus. Life Sci 2015; 124:75-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2014.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2014] [Revised: 12/18/2014] [Accepted: 12/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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45
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Jimenez R, Lopez-Sepulveda R, Romero M, Toral M, Cogolludo A, Perez-Vizcaino F, Duarte J. Quercetin and its metabolites inhibit the membrane NADPH oxidase activity in vascular smooth muscle cells from normotensive and spontaneously hypertensive rats. Food Funct 2015; 6:409-14. [DOI: 10.1039/c4fo00818a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Quercetin, the most abundant dietary flavonol, exerts antioxidant effects reducing vascular superoxide (O2−) and improving endothelial function in animal models of cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Jimenez
- Department of Pharmacology
- School of Pharmacy
- University of Granada
- Spain
| | | | - M. Romero
- Department of Pharmacology
- School of Pharmacy
- University of Granada
- Spain
| | - M. Toral
- Department of Pharmacology
- School of Pharmacy
- University of Granada
- Spain
| | - A. Cogolludo
- Department of Pharmacology
- School of Medicine
- University Complutense of Madrid
- Ciber Enfermedades Respiratorias (Ciberes) and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IISGM)
- Madrid
| | - F. Perez-Vizcaino
- Department of Pharmacology
- School of Medicine
- University Complutense of Madrid
- Ciber Enfermedades Respiratorias (Ciberes) and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IISGM)
- Madrid
| | - J. Duarte
- Department of Pharmacology
- School of Pharmacy
- University of Granada
- Spain
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46
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Jain S, Kumar D, Malviya N, Jain A, Jain S, Jain V. Estimation of total phenolic, tannins, and flavonoid contents and antioxidant activity of Cedrus deodara heart wood extracts. EGYPTIAN PHARMACEUTICAL JOURNAL 2015. [DOI: 10.4103/1687-4315.154690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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47
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Bondonno CP, Downey LA, Croft KD, Scholey A, Stough C, Yang X, Considine MJ, Ward NC, Puddey IB, Swinny E, Mubarak A, Hodgson JM. The acute effect of flavonoid-rich apples and nitrate-rich spinach on cognitive performance and mood in healthy men and women. Food Funct 2014; 5:849-58. [PMID: 24676365 DOI: 10.1039/c3fo60590f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Flavonoids and nitrate in a fruit and vegetable diet may be protective against cardiovascular disease and cognitive decline through effects on nitric oxide (NO) status. The circulating NO pool is increased via distinct pathways by dietary flavonoids and nitrate. Our aim was to investigate the acute effects of apples, rich in flavonoids, and spinach, rich in nitrate, independently and in combination on NO status, cognitive function and mood in a randomised, controlled, cross-over trial with healthy men and women (n = 30). The acute effects of four energy-matched treatments (control, apple, spinach and apple + spinach) were compared. Endpoints included plasma nitric oxide status (determined by measuring S-nitrosothiols + other nitroso species (RXNO)), plasma nitrate and nitrite, salivary nitrate and nitrite, urinary nitrate and nitrite as well as cognitive function (determined using the Cognitive Drug Research (CDR) computerized cognitive assessment battery) and mood. Relative to control, all treatments resulted in higher plasma RXNO. A significant increase in plasma nitrate and nitrite, salivary nitrate and nitrite as well as urinary nitrate and nitrite was observed with spinach and apple + spinach compared to control. No significant effect was observed on cognitive function or mood. In conclusion, flavonoid-rich apples and nitrate-rich spinach augmented NO status acutely with no concomitant improvements or deterioration in cognitive function and mood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine P Bondonno
- School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.
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Morales-Cano D, Menendez C, Moreno E, Moral-Sanz J, Barreira B, Galindo P, Pandolfi R, Jimenez R, Moreno L, Cogolludo A, Duarte J, Perez-Vizcaino F. The flavonoid quercetin reverses pulmonary hypertension in rats. PLoS One 2014; 9:e114492. [PMID: 25460361 PMCID: PMC4252144 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0114492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2014] [Accepted: 11/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Quercetin is a dietary flavonoid which exerts vasodilator, antiplatelet and antiproliferative effects and reduces blood pressure, oxidative status and end-organ damage in humans and animal models of systemic hypertension. We hypothesized that oral quercetin treatment might be protective in a rat model of pulmonary arterial hypertension. Three weeks after injection of monocrotaline, quercetin (10 mg/kg/d per os) or vehicle was administered for 10 days to adult Wistar rats. Quercetin significantly reduced mortality. In surviving animals, quercetin decreased pulmonary arterial pressure, right ventricular hypertrophy and muscularization of small pulmonary arteries. Classic biomarkers of pulmonary arterial hypertension such as the downregulated expression of lung BMPR2, Kv1.5, Kv2.1, upregulated survivin, endothelial dysfunction and hyperresponsiveness to 5-HT were unaffected by quercetin. Quercetin significantly restored the decrease in Kv currents, the upregulation of 5-HT2A receptors and reduced the Akt and S6 phosphorylation. In vitro, quercetin induced pulmonary artery vasodilator effects, inhibited pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell proliferation and induced apoptosis. In conclusion, quercetin is partially protective in this rat model of PAH. It delayed mortality by lowering PAP, RVH and vascular remodeling. Quercetin exerted effective vasodilator effects in isolated PA, inhibited cell proliferation and induced apoptosis in PASMCs. These effects were associated with decreased 5-HT2A receptor expression and Akt and S6 phosphorylation and partially restored Kv currents. Therefore, quercetin could be useful in the treatment of PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Morales-Cano
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University Complutense of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Ciber Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Menendez
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University Complutense of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Ciber Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Enrique Moreno
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University Complutense of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Ciber Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Moral-Sanz
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University Complutense of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Ciber Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Bianca Barreira
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University Complutense of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Ciber Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar Galindo
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Rachele Pandolfi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University Complutense of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Ciber Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosario Jimenez
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Laura Moreno
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University Complutense of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Ciber Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Angel Cogolludo
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University Complutense of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Ciber Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Duarte
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Francisco Perez-Vizcaino
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University Complutense of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Ciber Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
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49
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Sankari SL, Babu NA, Rani V, Priyadharsini C, Masthan KMK. Flavonoids - Clinical effects and applications in dentistry: A review. J Pharm Bioallied Sci 2014; 6:S26-9. [PMID: 25210379 PMCID: PMC4157275 DOI: 10.4103/0975-7406.137256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2014] [Revised: 03/30/2014] [Accepted: 04/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Flavonoids include a huge group of naturally occurring organic compounds. It is found in a large variety of plants including fruits, seeds, grains, tea vegetables, nuts, and wine. Many studies have shown that there is a strong association between flavonoid intake and the long-term effects on mortality. It is widely used in dentistry and it has many clinical effects. This article summarizes the effects of flavonoids to humankind and its clinical applications in dentistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Leena Sankari
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Bharath University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - N Aravindha Babu
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Bharath University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Vidya Rani
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Bharath University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - C Priyadharsini
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Bharath University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - K M K Masthan
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Bharath University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Di Marco G, Gismondi A, Canuti L, Scimeca M, Volpe A, Canini A. Tetracycline accumulates in Iberis sempervirens L. through apoplastic transport inducing oxidative stress and growth inhibition. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2014; 16:792-800. [PMID: 24118651 DOI: 10.1111/plb.12102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2013] [Accepted: 07/23/2013] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Environmental antibiotic contamination is due mainly to improper and illegal disposal of these molecules that, yet pharmacologically active, are excreted by humans and animals. These compounds contaminate soil, water and plants. Many studies have reported the bioaccumulation of antibiotics in plants and their negative effects on photosynthesis, cell growth and oxidative balance. Therefore, the principal objective of this paper was the study of antibiotic accumulation sites in plants and its uptake modality. Iberis sempervirens L., grown in soil and in agar in the presence or absence of tetracycline, were used as a model system. Using confocal and transmission electron microscopy, we demonstrated that tetracycline was absorbed and propagated in plants through apoplastic transport and also accumulated in intercellular spaces. Tetracycline was rarely detected inside cells (in cytoplasm and mitochondria where, coherent to its pharmacological activity, it probably affected ribosomes), except in stomata. Moreover, we verified and clarified further the phytotoxic effects of tetracycline on plants. We observed that the antibiotic induced a large reduction in plant growth and development and inhibition of photosynthetic activity. As tetracycline may lead to oxidative stress in plants, plant cells tried to balance this disequilibrium by increasing the amount and activity of some endogenous enzyme antioxidant agents (superoxide dismutase 1 and catalase) and levels of antiradical secondary metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Di Marco
- Department of Biology, University of Rome 'Tor Vergata', Rome, Italy
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