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Gandotra R, Wu HB, Kuo FC, Lee MS, Lee GB. Advancing the Diagnosis of Periprosthetic Joint Infections: Integrated Microfluidic Platform for Alpha-Defensins-Specific Aptamer Selection and Its Analytical Applications. ACS Sens 2024. [PMID: 38591344 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.3c02034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Periprosthetic joint infections (PJIs) pose a significant challenge in orthopedic surgery, particularly total joint arthroplasty (TJA), due to the potential for implant failure and increased patient morbidity. Early and accurate detection of PJIs is crucial for timely intervention and better patient prognosis. Herein, we successfully screened a high-affinity aptamer targeting alpha-defensin complex human neutrophil protein 1-3 (HNP 1-3; potential PJI biomarkers in synovial fluid [SF]) for the first time using systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX) on an integrated microfluidic platform. The compact microfluidic device enabled efficient screening, with each round completed within <2 h, comprising five rounds of positive selection, two rounds of negative selection, and one round of competitive selection. A novel one-aptamer-one-antibody assay was further developed from the optimal aptamer screened, and it could accurately quantify HNP 1-3 in SF within 3 h with only ∼50 μL of SF. The assay demonstrated strong binding affinity and specificity for the target protein in SF. Thirteen PJI SF samples were accurately diagnosed and the assay was accurate over a wide dynamic range (0.32-100 mg/L). This study has showcased a rapid and accurate diagnostic tool for PJI detection, which should see widespread use in the clinic, holding promise for potential analytical applications in orthopedic surgery and improving patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rishabh Gandotra
- Institute of NanoEngineering and Microsystems, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Bin Wu
- Department of Power Mechanical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Chih Kuo
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan
| | - Mel S Lee
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Paochien Hospital, Pingtung 90064, Taiwan
| | - Gwo-Bin Lee
- Institute of NanoEngineering and Microsystems, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
- Department of Power Mechanical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
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Gomes PDC, Hin-Chu M, Rickard JJS, Goldberg Oppenheimer P. Advanced Tuneable Micronanoplatforms for Sensitive and Selective Multiplexed Spectroscopic Sensing via Electro-Hydrodynamic Surface Molecular Lithography. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2306068. [PMID: 38225756 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202306068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Micro- and nanopatterning of materials, one of the cornerstones of emerging technologies, has transformed research capabilities in lab-on-a-chip diagnostics. Herein, a micro- and nanolithographic method is developed, enabling structuring materials at the submicron scale, which can, in turn, accelerate the development of miniaturized platform technologies and biomedical sensors. Underpinning it is the advanced electro-hydrodynamic surface molecular lithography, via inducing interfacial instabilities produces micro- and nanostructured substrates, uniquely integrated with synthetic surface recognition. This approach enables the manufacture of design patterns with tuneable feature sizes, which are functionalized via synthetic nanochemistry for highly sensitive, selective, rapid molecular sensing. The development of a high-precision piezoelectric lithographic rig enables reproducible substrate fabrication with optimum signal enhancement optimized for functionalization with capture molecules on each micro- and nanostructured array. This facilitates spatial separation, which during the spectroscopic sensing, enables multiplexed measurement of target molecules, establishing the detection at minute concentrations. Subsequently, this nano-plasmonic lab-on-a-chip combined with the unconventional computational classification algorithm and surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy, aimed to address the challenges associated with timely point-of-care detection of disease-indicative biomarkers, is utilized in validation assay for multiplex detection of traumatic brain injury indicative glycan biomarkers, demonstrating straightforward and cost-effective micro- and nanoplatforms for accurate detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo De Carvalho Gomes
- School of Chemical Engineering, Advanced Nanomaterials Structures and Applications Laboratories, College of Engineering and, Physical Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Martin Hin-Chu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Advanced Nanomaterials Structures and Applications Laboratories, College of Engineering and, Physical Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | | | - Pola Goldberg Oppenheimer
- School of Chemical Engineering, Advanced Nanomaterials Structures and Applications Laboratories, College of Engineering and, Physical Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
- Healthcare Technologies Institute, Institute of Translational Medicine, Mindelsohn Way, Birmingham, B15 2TH, UK
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3
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Lee CH, Wu CJ, Yang YY, Wang WC, Leu SJ, Wu CT, Kao PS, Liu KJ, Tsai BY, Chiang YW, Mao YC, Benedict Dlamini N, Chang J. Characterization of chicken-derived antibody against Alpha-Enolase of Streptococcus pneumoniae. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 128:111476. [PMID: 38185035 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.111476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Streptococcus pneumoniae is a clinically relevant pathogen notorious for causing pneumonia, meningitis, and otitis media in immunocompromised patients. Currently, antibiotic therapy is the most efficient treatment for fighting pneumococcal infections. However, an arise in antimicrobial resistance in S. pneumoniae has become a serious health issue globally. To resolve the problem, alternative and cost-effective strategies, such as monoclonal antibody-based targeted therapy, are needed for combating bacterial infection. S. pneumoniae alpha-enolase (spEno1), which is thought to be a great target, is a surface protein that binds and converts human plasminogen to plasmin, leading to accelerated bacterial infections. We first purified recombinant spEno1 protein for chicken immunization to generate specific IgY antibodies. We next constructed two single-chain variable fragments (scFv) antibody libraries by phage display technology, containing 7.2 × 107 and 4.8 × 107 transformants. After bio-panning, ten scFv antibodies were obtained, and their binding activities to spEno1 were evaluated on ELISA, Western blot and IFA. The epitopes of spEno1 were identified by these scFv antibodies, which binding affinities were determined by competitive ELISA. Moreover, inhibition assay displayed that the scFv antibodies effectively inhibit the binding between spEno1 and human plasminogen. Overall, the results suggested that these scFv antibodies have the potential to serve as an immunotherapeutic drug against S. pneumoniae infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Hsin Lee
- School of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan; Ph.D. Program in Medical Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Jung Wu
- School of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan; Ph.D. Program in Medical Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Yuan Yang
- School of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan; Ph.D. Program in Medical Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan; Core Laboratory of Antibody Generation and Research, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chu Wang
- Ph.D. Program in Medical Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
| | - Sy-Jye Leu
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Tsang Wu
- School of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Shih Kao
- School of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
| | - Ko-Jiunn Liu
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan 70456, Taiwan
| | - Bor-Yu Tsai
- Navi Bio-Therapeutics Inc., Taipei 10351, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Wei Chiang
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112201, Taiwan
| | - Yan-Chiao Mao
- Division of Clinical Toxicology, Department of Emergency Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 407219, Taiwan
| | - Nhlanhla Benedict Dlamini
- Ph.D. Program in Medical Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
| | - Jungshan Chang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan; International Master/Ph.D. Program in Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; International Ph.D. Program for Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
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4
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Cini JK, Dexter S, Rezac DJ, McAndrew SJ, Hedou G, Brody R, Eraslan RN, Kenney RT, Mohan P. SON-1210 - a novel bifunctional IL-12 / IL-15 fusion protein that improves cytokine half-life, targets tumors, and enhances therapeutic efficacy. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1326927. [PMID: 38250068 PMCID: PMC10798159 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1326927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The potential synergy between interleukin-12 (IL-12) and IL-15 holds promise for more effective solid tumor immunotherapy. Nevertheless, previous clinical trials involving therapeutic cytokines have encountered obstacles such as short pharmacokinetics, limited tumor microenvironment (TME) targeting, and substantial systemic toxicity. Methods To address these challenges, we fused single-chain human IL-12 and native human IL-15 in cis onto a fully human albumin binding (FHAB) domain single-chain antibody fragment (scFv). This novel fusion protein, IL12-FHAB-IL15 (SON-1210), is anticipated to amplify the therapeutic impact of interleukins and combination immunotherapies in human TME. The molecule was studied in vitro and in animal models to assess its pharmacokinetics, potency, functional characteristics, safety, immune response, and efficacy. Results SON-1210 demonstrated robust binding affinity to albumin and exhibited the anticipated in vitro activity and tumor model efficacy that might be expected based on decades of research on native IL-12 and IL-15. Notably, in the B16F10 melanoma model (a non-immunogenic, relatively "cold" tumor), the murine counterpart of the construct, which had mouse (m) and human (h) cytokine sequences for the respective payloads (mIL12-FHAB-hIL15), outperformed equimolar doses of the co-administered native cytokines in a dose-dependent manner. A single dose caused a marked reduction in tumor growth that was concomitant with increased IFNγ levels; increased Th1, CTL, and activated NK cells; a shift in macrophages from the M2 to M1 phenotype; and a reduction in Treg cells. In addition, a repeat-dose non-human primate (NHP) toxicology study displayed excellent tolerability up to 62.5 µg/kg of SON-1210 administered three times, which was accompanied by the anticipated increases in IFNγ levels. Toxicokinetic analyses showed sustained serum levels of SON-1210, using a sandwich ELISA with anti-IL-15 for capture and biotinylated anti-IL-12 for detection, along with sustained IFNγ levels, indicating prolonged kinetics and biological activity. Conclusion Collectively, these findings support the suitability of SON-1210 for patient trials in terms of activity, efficacy, and safety, offering a promising opportunity for solid tumor immunotherapy. Linking cytokine payloads to a fully human albumin binding domain provides an indirect opportunity to target the TME using potent cytokines in cis that can redirect the immune response and control tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- John K. Cini
- Sonnet BioTherapeutics, Inc., Princeton, NJ, United States
| | - Susan Dexter
- Sonnet BioTherapeutics, Inc., Princeton, NJ, United States
| | | | | | - Gael Hedou
- Sonnet BioTherapeutics, CH S.A., Geneva, GE, Switzerland
| | - Rich Brody
- InfinixBio, Inc., Athens, OH, United States
| | | | | | - Pankaj Mohan
- Sonnet BioTherapeutics, Inc., Princeton, NJ, United States
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Waugh ML, Wolf LM, Turner JP, Phillips LN, Servoss SL, Moss MA. Modulating the RAGE-Induced Inflammatory Response: Peptoids as RAGE Antagonists. Chembiochem 2023; 24:e202300503. [PMID: 37679300 PMCID: PMC10711691 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202300503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
While the primary pathology of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is defined by brain deposition of amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques and tau neurofibrillary tangles, chronic inflammation has emerged as an important factor in AD etiology. Upregulated cell surface expression of the receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE), a key receptor of innate immune response, is reported in AD. In parallel, RAGE ligands, including Aβ aggregates, HMGB1, and S100B, are elevated in AD brain. Activation of RAGE by these ligands triggers release of inflammatory cytokines and upregulates cell surface RAGE. Despite such observation, there are currently no therapeutics that target RAGE for treatment of AD-associated neuroinflammation. Peptoids, a novel class of potential AD therapeutics, display low toxicity, facile blood-brain barrier permeability, and resistance to proteolytic degradation. In the current study, peptoids were designed to mimic Aβ, a ligand that binds the V-domain of RAGE, and curtail RAGE inflammatory activation. We reveal the nanomolar binding capability of peptoids JPT1 and JPT1a to RAGE and demonstrate their ability to attenuate lipopolysaccharide-induced pro-inflammatory cytokine production as well as upregulation of RAGE cell surface expression. These results support RAGE antagonist peptoid-based mimics as a prospective therapeutic strategy to counter neuroinflammation in AD and other neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihyun Lim Waugh
- Biomedical Engineering Program, University of South Carolina, 3A46 Swearingen Engineering Center, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - Lauren M Wolf
- Biomedical Engineering Program, University of South Carolina, 3A46 Swearingen Engineering Center, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - James P Turner
- Ralph E. Martin Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Arkansas, 3202 Bell Engineering Center, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA
| | - Lauren N Phillips
- Biomedical Engineering Program, University of South Carolina, 3A46 Swearingen Engineering Center, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - Shannon L Servoss
- Ralph E. Martin Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Arkansas, 3202 Bell Engineering Center, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA
| | - Melissa A Moss
- Biomedical Engineering Program, University of South Carolina, 3A46 Swearingen Engineering Center, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of South Carolina, 2C02 Swearingen Engineering Center, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
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6
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Resina L, Alemán C, Ferreira FC, Esteves T. Protein-imprinted polymers: How far have "plastic antibodies" come? Biotechnol Adv 2023; 68:108220. [PMID: 37482116 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2023.108220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Antibodies are highly selective and sensitive, making them the gold standard for recognition affinity tools. However, their production cost is high and their downstream processing is time-consuming. Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) are tailor-made by incorporating specific molecular recognition sites in their structure, thus translating into receptor-like activity mode of action. The interest in molecular imprinting technology, applied to biomacromolecules, has increased in the past decade. MIPs, produced using biomolecules as templates, commonly referred to as "plastic antibodies" or "artificial receptors", have been considered as suitable cheaper and easy to produce alternatives to antibodies. Research on MIPs, designed to recognize proteins or peptides is particularly important, with potential contributions towards biomedical applications, namely biosensors and targeted drug delivery systems. This mini review will cover recent advances on (bio)molecular imprinting technology, where proteins or peptides are targeted or mimicked for sensing and therapeutic applications. Polymerization methods are reviewed elsewhere, being out of the scope of this review. Template selection and immobilization approaches, monomers and applications will be discussed, highlighting possible drawbacks and gaps in research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonor Resina
- iBB - Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Department of Bioengineering, Instituto Superior Técnico - Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal; Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy at Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal; Departament d'Enginyeria Química and Barcelona Research Center for Multiscale Science and Engineering, EEBE, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, C/ Eduard Maristany 10-14, 08019 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Carlos Alemán
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química and Barcelona Research Center for Multiscale Science and Engineering, EEBE, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, C/ Eduard Maristany 10-14, 08019 Barcelona, Spain; Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Baldiri Reixac 10-12, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Frederico Castelo Ferreira
- iBB - Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Department of Bioengineering, Instituto Superior Técnico - Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal; Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy at Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Teresa Esteves
- iBB - Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Department of Bioengineering, Instituto Superior Técnico - Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal; Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy at Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal.
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7
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Wang TY, Ji H, Everton D, Le ATH, Krylova SM, Fournier R, Krylov SN. Fundamental Determinants of the Accuracy of Equilibrium Constants for Affinity Complexes. Anal Chem 2023; 95:15826-15832. [PMID: 37831482 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c03557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
The equilibrium constant of a chemical reaction is arguably the key thermodynamic parameter in chemistry; we naturally expect that equilibrium constants are determined accurately. The majority of equilibrium constants determined today are those of binding reactions that form affinity complexes, such as protein-protein, protein-DNA, and protein-small molecule. There is growing awareness that the determination of equilibrium constants for highly stable affinity complexes may be very inaccurate. However, fundamental (i.e., method-independent) determinants of accuracy are poorly understood. Here, we present a study that explicitly shows what the accuracy of equilibrium constants of affinity complexes depends on. This study reveals the critical importance of the choice of concentration of interacting components and creates a theoretical foundation for improving the accuracy of the equilibrium constants. The predicted influence of concentrations on accuracy was confirmed experimentally. The results of this fundamental study provide instructive guidance for experimentalists independently on the method they use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Ye Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Research on Biomolecular Interactions, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, Ontario M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Hongchen Ji
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Research on Biomolecular Interactions, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, Ontario M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Daniel Everton
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Research on Biomolecular Interactions, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, Ontario M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - An T H Le
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Research on Biomolecular Interactions, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, Ontario M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Svetlana M Krylova
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Research on Biomolecular Interactions, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, Ontario M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - René Fournier
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Research on Biomolecular Interactions, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, Ontario M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Sergey N Krylov
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Research on Biomolecular Interactions, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, Ontario M3J 1P3, Canada
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Pacheco BLB, Nogueira CP, Venancio EJ. IgY Antibodies from Birds: A Review on Affinity and Avidity. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:3130. [PMID: 37835736 PMCID: PMC10571861 DOI: 10.3390/ani13193130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
IgY antibodies are found in the blood and yolk of eggs. Several studies show the feasibility of utilising IgY for immunotherapy and immunodiagnosis. These antibodies have been studied because they fulfil the current needs for reducing, replacing, and improving the use of animals. Affinity and avidity represent the strength of the antigen-antibody interaction and directly influence antibody action. The aim of this review was to examine the factors that influence the affinity and avidity of IgY antibodies and the methodologies used to determine these variables. In birds, there are few studies on the maturation of antibody affinity and avidity, and these studies suggest that the use of an adjuvant-type of antigen, the animal lineage, the number of immunisations, and the time interfered with the affinity and avidity of IgY antibodies. Regarding the methodologies, most studies use chaotropic agents to determine the avidity index. Studies involving the solution phase and equilibrium titration reactions are also described. These results demonstrate the need for the standardisation of methodologies for the determination of affinity and avidity so that further studies can be performed to optimise the production of high avidity IgY antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Camila Parada Nogueira
- Scientific Initiation Programme, Animal Science Course, State University of Londrina, Londrina 86038-350, Brazil;
| | - Emerson José Venancio
- Department of Pathological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina 86038-350, Brazil
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Lü P, Qiu S, Pan Y, Shi S, Yu Q, Yu F, Miao L, Wang H, Chen K. Discovery of an Heparin-Binding Epidermal Growth Factor Domain Antibody from a Phage Library and Analysis of Its Inhibitory Effects in SKOV3 Cells. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2023; 38:572-579. [PMID: 34529926 DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2021.0123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Heparin-binding epidermal growth factor (EGF)-like growth factor (HB-EGF), which binds to the EGF receptor, plays an important role in the occurrence and development of inflammation in various diseases. HB-EGF mediates the progression of ovarian cancer and is associated with disease prognosis. Thus, a specific humanized antibody to HB-EGF with high affinity is important. Methods: In this study, a humanized domain antibody (VH) against HB-EGF was discovered through phage display technology. The domain antibody was expressed in HB2151 cells and purified from the supernatant using protein L, and were used to test the its effect in invasion and migration of ovarian cancer SKOV3. Results: A domain antibody against HB-EGF was discovered, with a dissociation constant of ∼30 nM. Functional assays indicated that the domain antibody inhibited the functions of HB-EGF in promoting invasion and migration of SKOV3 cells. Conclusions: The selected domain antibody is a potential tool for developing novel drugs or therapies to combat ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Lü
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Songlin Qiu
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Ye Pan
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Shenyan Shi
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Qian Yu
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Feng Yu
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | | | - Huiying Wang
- Jiangsu Well Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Changzhou, China
| | - Keping Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
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10
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Machera SJ, Niedziółka-Jönsson J, Jönsson-Niedziółka M, Szot-Karpińska K. Determination of the Dissociation Constant for Polyvalent Receptors Using ELISA: A Case of M13 Phages Displaying Troponin T-Specific Peptides. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:26253-26262. [PMID: 37521637 PMCID: PMC10373194 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c02551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Phage-derived affinity peptides have become widespread thanks to their easy selection via phage display. Interactions between a target protein and its specific peptide are similar to those between antibodies and antigens. The strength of these non-covalent complexes may be described by the dissociation constant (Kd). In this paper, protein-specific peptides are exposed on the pIII protein present in the M13 bacteriophage virion with up to five copies. Therefore, one phage particle can bind from one to five ligands. Here, we discuss the dependences between phage-displayed peptides and their ligands in solution using a model system based on troponin T (TnT) binding phages. Moreover, a method of calculating Kd values from ELISA experiments was developed and is presented. The determined Kd values are in the picomolar range.
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11
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Qian L, Bian W, Wang D, Ming Z, Zhang Y, Zhang L, Fu L. Adeno-Associated Virus-Mediated Immunotherapy Based on Bispecific Tandem scFv for Alzheimer’s Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2023; 93:435-448. [PMID: 37038816 DOI: 10.3233/jad-221088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
Background: Patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) have considerably increased globally as a result of population aging, placing a significant burden on the global economy and the medical system. The outcome of clinical trials for AD immunotherapy that solely targeted amyloid-β (Aβ) or phosphorylated tau protein (p-Tau) was unsatisfactory. Therefore, blocking both Aβ and p-Tau’s pathological processes simultaneously while also preventing their interaction may be the key to developing an effective AD therapy. Objective: To develop a novel immunotherapy based on bispecific tandem scFv (TaFv) against AD. Methods: Bispecific single-chain antibody that targets both Aβ and p-Tau were obtained using E. coli expression system. Biological ability of TaFvs were determined by ELISA, SDS-PAGE, and immunohistochemical assay. Recombinant adeno-associated virus 9 (rAAV9) were packaged to create TaFv. The in vivo activity of rAAV9 were detected in mouse, using biophotonic imaging and frozen section methods. Results: The outcomes demonstrated that both Aβ and p-Tau had a high affinity for the bispecific TaFv. Additionally, it can bind to the amyloid plaques and neuronal tangles in the brain slices of an AD mouse model. Moreover, the rAAV9 could infect neuronal cells, transverse the blood-brain barrier, and express TaFv in the mouse brain. Conclusion: This novel immunotherapy offers a fresh concept for the immunotherapy of AD and successfully delivers the double target antibody into the brain, acting on both pathogenic substances Aβ and p-Tau.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Qian
- Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Wenjuan Bian
- Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Diqi Wang
- Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhuoqun Ming
- Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Linbo Zhang
- College of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Zaozhuang University, Zaozhuang, China
| | - Lu Fu
- Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine,School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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12
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Truong PL, Yin Y, Lee D, Ko SH. Advancement in COVID-19 detection using nanomaterial-based biosensors. EXPLORATION (BEIJING, CHINA) 2023; 3:20210232. [PMID: 37323622 PMCID: PMC10191025 DOI: 10.1002/exp.20210232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has exemplified how viral growth and transmission are a significant threat to global biosecurity. The early detection and treatment of viral infections is the top priority to prevent fresh waves and control the pandemic. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been identified through several conventional molecular methodologies that are time-consuming and require high-skill labor, apparatus, and biochemical reagents but have a low detection accuracy. These bottlenecks hamper conventional methods from resolving the COVID-19 emergency. However, interdisciplinary advances in nanomaterials and biotechnology, such as nanomaterials-based biosensors, have opened new avenues for rapid and ultrasensitive detection of pathogens in the field of healthcare. Many updated nanomaterials-based biosensors, namely electrochemical, field-effect transistor, plasmonic, and colorimetric biosensors, employ nucleic acid and antigen-antibody interactions for SARS-CoV-2 detection in a highly efficient, reliable, sensitive, and rapid manner. This systematic review summarizes the mechanisms and characteristics of nanomaterials-based biosensors for SARS-CoV-2 detection. Moreover, continuing challenges and emerging trends in biosensor development are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phuoc Loc Truong
- Laser and Thermal Engineering LabDepartment of Mechanical EngineeringGachon UniversitySeongnamKorea
| | - Yiming Yin
- New Materials InstituteDepartment of MechanicalMaterials and Manufacturing EngineeringUniversity of Nottingham Ningbo ChinaNingboChina
- Applied Nano and Thermal Science LabDepartment of Mechanical EngineeringSeoul National UniversityGwanak‐guSeoulKorea
| | - Daeho Lee
- Laser and Thermal Engineering LabDepartment of Mechanical EngineeringGachon UniversitySeongnamKorea
| | - Seung Hwan Ko
- Applied Nano and Thermal Science LabDepartment of Mechanical EngineeringSeoul National UniversityGwanak‐guSeoulKorea
- Institute of Advanced Machinery and Design (SNU‐IAMD)/Institute of Engineering ResearchSeoul National UniversityGwanak‐guSeoulKorea
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13
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Langreder N, Schäckermann D, Unkauf T, Schubert M, Frenzel A, Bertoglio F, Hust M. Antibody Affinity and Stability Maturation by Error-Prone PCR. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2702:395-410. [PMID: 37679631 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3381-6_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Human antibodies are the most important class of biologicals, and antibodies - human and nonhuman - are indispensable as research agents and for diagnostic assays. When generating antibodies, they sometimes show the desired specificity profile but lack sufficient affinity for the desired application. In this article, a phage display-based method and protocol to increase the affinity of recombinant antibody fragments is given.The given protocol starts with the construction of a mutated antibody gene library by error-prone PCR. Subsequently, the selection of high-affinity variants is performed by panning on immobilized antigen with washing conditions optimized for off-rate-dependent selection. A screening ELISA protocol to identify antibodies with improved affinity and an additional protocol to select antibodies with improved thermal stability is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora Langreder
- Institut für Biochemie, Biotechnologie und Bioinformatik, Departments Biotechnology and Medical Biotechnology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Dorina Schäckermann
- Institut für Biochemie, Biotechnologie und Bioinformatik, Departments Biotechnology and Medical Biotechnology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
- Wirtschaftsgenossenschaft deutscher Tierärzte eG (WDT), Garbsen, Germany
| | - Tobias Unkauf
- Institut für Biochemie, Biotechnologie und Bioinformatik, Departments Biotechnology and Medical Biotechnology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
- Bayer Consumer Care AG, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Maren Schubert
- Institut für Biochemie, Biotechnologie und Bioinformatik, Departments Biotechnology and Medical Biotechnology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - André Frenzel
- YUMAB GmbH, Science Campus Braunschweig-Süd, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Federico Bertoglio
- Institut für Biochemie, Biotechnologie und Bioinformatik, Departments Biotechnology and Medical Biotechnology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
- Choose Life Biotech SA, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Michael Hust
- Institut für Biochemie, Biotechnologie und Bioinformatik, Departments Biotechnology and Medical Biotechnology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany.
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14
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Shu R, Liang Y, Liu S, Dou L, Bu T, Wang S, Lan X, Zhang D, Sun J, Zhu M, Wang J. "From food waste to food supervision"-Cuttlefish Ink Natural Nanoparticles-Driven Dual-mode Lateral Flow Immunoassay for Advancing Point-of-Care Tests. Biosens Bioelectron 2023; 219:114807. [PMID: 36327557 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2022.114807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Apart from the obvious benefit of "trash-to-treasure", the acquisition of natural nanomaterials from cheap and renewable waste has been intensively researched because of various bioactivities and physical-chemical features. Herein, for the first time, we employed natural cuttlefish ink nanoparticles (CINPs) as a multifunctional label and designed colorimetric-photothermal dual-mode lateral flow immunoassays (CINPs-mediated CPLFIA) for sensitive detection of clenbuterol (CL). The accessibility and renewability of CINPs overcome barriers that artificial nanomaterials face, such as complex manufacturing and relatively high costs. Additionally, inspired by the mussel adhesion, the bio-affinity of CINPs, such as antibody coupling and preservation, was investigated and showed to be considerably superior to Au NPs, leading to significantly increased immunosensor sensitivity. Meanwhile, CINPs exhibit excellent photothermal conversion efficiency for dual-signal production, avoiding the effect of environmental elements (particularly light) for colorimetric mode. Besides, the biosensor was integrated with a smartphone and a thermal imager for portable sensing. After optimization, the detection limit of CINPs-mediated CPLFIA was 0.179 ng mL-1 (colorimetric mode) and 0.076 ng mL-1 (photothermal mode), which were significantly lower than traditional gold nanoparticles-based LFIA (0.786 ng mL-1). This research attempted to explain the rise in sensitivity. From food waste to food supervision, this research explores the hidden value of natural resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Shu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yanmin Liang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Sijie Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Leina Dou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety, And Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Tong Bu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shaochi Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xi Lan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Daohong Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jing Sun
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Biological Resources, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qinghai, 810008, China
| | - Mingqiang Zhu
- College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Jianlong Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
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15
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Sandberg A, Berenjeno-Correa E, Rodriguez RC, Axenhus M, Weiss SS, Batenburg K, Hoozemans JJM, Tjernberg LO, Scheper W. Aβ42 oligomer-specific antibody ALZ-201 reduces the neurotoxicity of Alzheimer's disease brain extracts. Alzheimers Res Ther 2022; 14:196. [PMID: 36578089 PMCID: PMC9798723 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-022-01141-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In Alzheimer's disease (AD), amyloid-β 1-42 (Aβ42) neurotoxicity stems mostly from its soluble oligomeric aggregates. Studies of such aggregates have been hampered by the lack of oligomer-specific research tools and their intrinsic instability and heterogeneity. Here, we developed a monoclonal antibody with a unique oligomer-specific binding profile (ALZ-201) using oligomer-stabilising technology. Subsequently, we assessed the etiological relevance of the Aβ targeted by ALZ-201 on physiologically derived, toxic Aβ using extracts from post-mortem brains of AD patients and controls in primary mouse neuron cultures. METHODS Mice were immunised with stable oligomers derived from the Aβ42 peptide with A21C/A30C mutations (AβCC), and ALZ-201 was developed using hybridoma technology. Specificity for the oligomeric form of the Aβ42CC antigen and Aβ42 was confirmed using ELISA, and non-reactivity against plaques by immunohistochemistry (IHC). The antibody's potential for cross-protective activity against pathological Aβ was evaluated in brain tissue samples from 10 individuals confirmed as AD (n=7) and non-AD (n=3) with IHC staining for Aβ and phosphorylated tau (p-Tau) aggregates. Brain extracts were prepared and immunodepleted using the positive control 4G8 antibody, ALZ-201 or an isotype control to ALZ-201. Fractions were biochemically characterised, and toxicity assays were performed in primary mouse neuronal cultures using automated high-content microscopy. RESULTS AD brain extracts proved to be more toxic than controls as demonstrated by neuronal loss and morphological determinants (e.g. synapse density and measures of neurite complexity). Immunodepletion using 4G8 reduced Aβ levels in both AD and control samples compared to ALZ-201 or the isotype control, which showed no significant difference. Importantly, despite the differential effect on the total Aβ content, the neuroprotective effects of 4G8 and ALZ-201 immunodepletion were similar, whereas the isotype control showed no effect. CONCLUSIONS ALZ-201 depletes a toxic species in post-mortem AD brain extracts causing a positive physiological and protective impact on the integrity and morphology of mouse neurons. Its unique specificity indicates that a low-abundant, soluble Aβ42 oligomer may account for much of the neurotoxicity in AD. This critical attribute identifies the potential of ALZ-201 as a novel drug candidate for achieving a true, clinical therapeutic effect in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anders Sandberg
- grid.451585.8Alzinova AB, Pepparedsleden 1, SE-431 83, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Ernesto Berenjeno-Correa
- grid.509540.d0000 0004 6880 3010Department of Human Genetics, Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, Netherlands ,grid.12380.380000 0004 1754 9227Department of Functional Genomics, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Rosa Crespo Rodriguez
- grid.509540.d0000 0004 6880 3010Department of Neurochemistry, Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Michael Axenhus
- grid.4714.60000 0004 1937 0626Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sophia Schedin Weiss
- grid.4714.60000 0004 1937 0626Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kevin Batenburg
- grid.509540.d0000 0004 6880 3010Department of Human Genetics, Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, Netherlands ,grid.12380.380000 0004 1754 9227Department of Functional Genomics, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jeroen J. M. Hoozemans
- grid.509540.d0000 0004 6880 3010Department of Neuropathology, Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Lars O. Tjernberg
- grid.4714.60000 0004 1937 0626Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Wiep Scheper
- grid.509540.d0000 0004 6880 3010Department of Human Genetics, Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, Netherlands ,grid.12380.380000 0004 1754 9227Department of Functional Genomics, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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16
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Design of a Diagnostic Immunoassay for Aflatoxin M1 Based on a Plant-Produced Antibody. Toxins (Basel) 2022; 14:toxins14120851. [PMID: 36548748 PMCID: PMC9781297 DOI: 10.3390/toxins14120851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A new green competitive ELISA for aflatoxin M1 quantification in raw milk was developed. This diagnostic tool is based on an anti AFM1 mAb produced by plant molecular farming in alternative to classical systems. Our assay, showing an IC50 below 25 ng/L, fits with the requirements of EU legislation limits for AFM1 (50 ng/L). Optimal accuracy was achieved in correspondence of the decision levels (25 and 50 ng/L), and the assay enabled AFM1 quantification in the range 5-110 ng/L, with limit of detection 3 ng/L. Moreover, to evaluate a real applicability in diagnostics, raw milk-spiked samples were analysed, achieving satisfactory recovery rates of AFM1. In conclusion, an efficient and ready-to-use diagnostic assay for the quantification of aflatoxin M1 in milk, based on a plant-produced recombinant mAb, has been successfully developed.
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17
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Fuselli A, de Los Milagros Bürgi M, Kratje R, Prieto C. Generation and functional evaluation of novel monoclonal antibodies targeting glycosylated human stem cell factor. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 106:8121-8137. [PMID: 36401641 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-022-12282-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Human stem cell factor (hSCF) is an early-acting growth factor that promotes proliferation, differentiation, migration, and survival in several tissues. It plays a crucial role in hematopoiesis, gametogenesis, melanogenesis, intestinal motility, and in development and recovery of nervous and cardiovascular systems. Potential therapeutic applications comprise anemia treatment, mobilization of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells to peripheral blood, and increasing gene transduction efficiency for gene therapy. Developing new tools to characterize recombinant hSCF in most native-like form as possible is crucial to understand the complexity of its in vivo functions and for improving its biotechnological applications. The soluble domain of hSCF was expressed in HEK293 cells. Highly purified rhSCF showed great molecular mass variability due to the presence of N- and O-linked carbohydrates, and it presented a 2.5-fold increase on proliferative activity compared to bacteria-derived hSCF. Three hybridoma clones producing monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) with high specificity for the glycoprotein were obtained. 1C4 and 2D3 mAbs were able to detect bacteria-derived and glycosylated rhSCF and demonstrated to be excellent candidates to develop a sandwich ELISA assay for rhSCF quantification, with detection limits of 0.18 and 0.07 ng/ml, respectively. Interestingly, 1A10 mAb only recognized glycosylated rhSCF, suggesting that sugar moieties might be involved in epitope recognition. 1A10 mAb showed the highest binding affinity, and it constituted the best candidate for immunodetection of the entire set rhSCF glycoforms in western blot assays, and for intracellular cytokine staining. Our work shows that combining glycosylated rhSCF expression with hybridoma technology is a powerful strategy to obtain specific suitable immunochemical assays and thus improve glycoprotein-producing bioprocesses. KEY POINTS: • Soluble glycosylated human SCF exerted improved proliferative activity on UT-7 cells. • Three mAbs with high specificity targeting glycosylated human SCF were obtained. • mAbs applications comprise sandwich ELISA, western blot, and immunofluorescence assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonela Fuselli
- UNL, CONICET, FBCB (School of Biochemistry and Biological Sciences), CBL (Biotechnological Center of Litoral), Cell Culture Laboratory, Ciudad Universitaria, Ruta Nacional 168, Km 472.4, C.C. 242 (S3000ZAA), Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - María de Los Milagros Bürgi
- UNL, CONICET, FBCB (School of Biochemistry and Biological Sciences), CBL (Biotechnological Center of Litoral), Cell Culture Laboratory, Ciudad Universitaria, Ruta Nacional 168, Km 472.4, C.C. 242 (S3000ZAA), Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Ricardo Kratje
- UNL, CONICET, FBCB (School of Biochemistry and Biological Sciences), CBL (Biotechnological Center of Litoral), Cell Culture Laboratory, Ciudad Universitaria, Ruta Nacional 168, Km 472.4, C.C. 242 (S3000ZAA), Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Claudio Prieto
- UNL, FBCB (School of Biochemistry and Biological Sciences), CBL (Biotechnological Center of Litoral), Biotechnological Development Laboratory, Ciudad Universitaria, Ruta Nacional 168, Km 472.4, C.C. 242 (S3000ZAA), Santa Fe, Argentina.
- Cellargen Biotech S.R.L., Antonia Godoy 6369 (S3000ZAA), Santa Fe, Argentina.
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18
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Aguilar MF, Garay AS, Attallah C, Rodrigues DE, Oggero M. Changes in antibody binding and functionality after humanizing a murine scFv anti-IFN-α2: From in silico studies to experimental analysis. Mol Immunol 2022; 151:193-203. [PMID: 36166900 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2022.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The structural and dynamic changes introduced during antibody humanization continue to be a topic open to new contributions. For this reason, the study of structural and functional changes of a murine scFv (mu.scFv) anti-rhIFN-α2b after humanization was carried out. As it was shown by long molecular dynamics simulations and circular dichroism analysis, changes in primary sequence affected the tertiary structure of the humanized scFv (hz.scFv): the position of the variable domain of light chain (VL) respective to the variable domain of heavy chain (VH) in each scFv molecule was different. This change mainly impacted on conformation and dynamics of the complementarity-determining region 3 of VH (CDR-H3) which led to changes in the specificity and affinity of humanized scFv (hz.scFv). These observations agree with experimental results that showed a decrease in the antigen-binding strength of hz.scFv, and different capacities of these molecules to neutralize the in vitro rhIFN-α2b biological activity. Besides, experimental studies to characterize antigen-antibody binding showed that mu.scFv and hz.scFv bind to the same antigen area and recognize a conformational epitope, which is evidence of docking results. Finally, the differences between these molecules to neutralize the in vitro rhIFN-α2b biological activity were described as a consequence of the blockade of certain functionally relevant amino acids of the cytokine, after scFv binding. All these observations confirmed that humanization affected the affinity and specificity of hz.scFv and pointed out that two specific changes in the frameworks would be responsible.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Fernanda Aguilar
- UNL, CONICET, FBCB, Centro Biotecnológico del Litoral, Santa Fe, Pcia. Santa Fe S3000ZAA, Argentina
| | - A Sergio Garay
- UNL, FBCB, Departamento de Física, Ciudad Universitaria UNL, Pje. "El Pozo" - C.C. 242, S3000ZAA Santa Fe, Argentina.
| | - Carolina Attallah
- UNL, CONICET, FBCB, Centro Biotecnológico del Litoral, Santa Fe, Pcia. Santa Fe S3000ZAA, Argentina
| | - Daniel E Rodrigues
- UNL, FBCB, Departamento de Física, Ciudad Universitaria UNL, Pje. "El Pozo" - C.C. 242, S3000ZAA Santa Fe, Argentina; INTEC, CONICET-UNL, Predio CONICET Santa Fe, Pje. "El Pozo", S3000 Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Marcos Oggero
- UNL, CONICET, FBCB, Centro Biotecnológico del Litoral, Santa Fe, Pcia. Santa Fe S3000ZAA, Argentina.
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19
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Abucayon E, Whalen C, Torres OB, Duval AJ, Sulima A, Antoline JFG, Oertel T, Barrientos RC, Jacobson AE, Rice KC, Matyas GR. A Rapid Method for Direct Quantification of Antibody Binding-Site Concentration in Serum. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:26812-26823. [PMID: 35936462 PMCID: PMC9352236 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c03237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The quantitation of the available antibody binding-site concentration of polyclonal antibodies in serum is critical in defining the efficacy of vaccines against substances of abuse. We have conceptualized an equilibrium dialysis (ED)-based approach coupled with fluorimetry (ED-fluorimetry) to measure the antibody binding-site concentration to the ligand in an aqueous environment. The measured binding-site concentrations in monoclonal antibody (mAb) and sera samples from TT-6-AmHap-immunized rats by ED-fluorimetry are in agreement with those determined by a more established equilibrium dialysis coupled with ultraperformance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (ED-UPLC-MS/MS). Importantly, we have shown that the measured antibody binding-site concentrations to the ligand by ED-fluorimetry were not influenced by the sample serum matrix; thus, this method is valid for determining the binding-site concentration of polyclonal antibodies in sera samples. Further, we have demonstrated that under appropriate analytical conditions, this method resolved the total binding-site concentrations on a nanomolar scale with good accuracy and repeatability within the microliter sample volumes. This simple, rapid, and sample preparation-free approach has the potential to reliably perform quantitative antibody binding-site screening in serum and other more complex biological fluids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erwin
G. Abucayon
- Laboratory
of Adjuvant and Antigen Research, U.S. Military HIV Research Program,
Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, 503 Robert Grant Avenue, Silver Spring, Maryland 20910, United States
- Henry
M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, 6720A Rockledge Drive, Bethesda, Maryland 20817, United States
| | - Connor Whalen
- Laboratory
of Adjuvant and Antigen Research, U.S. Military HIV Research Program,
Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, 503 Robert Grant Avenue, Silver Spring, Maryland 20910, United States
- Oak
Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Oscar B. Torres
- Laboratory
of Adjuvant and Antigen Research, U.S. Military HIV Research Program,
Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, 503 Robert Grant Avenue, Silver Spring, Maryland 20910, United States
- Henry
M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, 6720A Rockledge Drive, Bethesda, Maryland 20817, United States
| | - Alexander J. Duval
- Laboratory
of Adjuvant and Antigen Research, U.S. Military HIV Research Program,
Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, 503 Robert Grant Avenue, Silver Spring, Maryland 20910, United States
- Henry
M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, 6720A Rockledge Drive, Bethesda, Maryland 20817, United States
| | - Agnieszka Sulima
- Department
of Health and Human Services, Drug Design
and Synthesis Section, Molecular Targets and Medications Discovery
Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse
and the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National
Institutes of Health, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-3373, United States
| | - Joshua F. G. Antoline
- Department
of Health and Human Services, Drug Design
and Synthesis Section, Molecular Targets and Medications Discovery
Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse
and the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National
Institutes of Health, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-3373, United States
| | - Therese Oertel
- Laboratory
of Adjuvant and Antigen Research, U.S. Military HIV Research Program,
Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, 503 Robert Grant Avenue, Silver Spring, Maryland 20910, United States
- Oak
Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Rodell C. Barrientos
- Laboratory
of Adjuvant and Antigen Research, U.S. Military HIV Research Program,
Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, 503 Robert Grant Avenue, Silver Spring, Maryland 20910, United States
- Henry
M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, 6720A Rockledge Drive, Bethesda, Maryland 20817, United States
| | - Arthur E. Jacobson
- Department
of Health and Human Services, Drug Design
and Synthesis Section, Molecular Targets and Medications Discovery
Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse
and the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National
Institutes of Health, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-3373, United States
| | - Kenner C. Rice
- Department
of Health and Human Services, Drug Design
and Synthesis Section, Molecular Targets and Medications Discovery
Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse
and the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National
Institutes of Health, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-3373, United States
| | - Gary R. Matyas
- Laboratory
of Adjuvant and Antigen Research, U.S. Military HIV Research Program,
Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, 503 Robert Grant Avenue, Silver Spring, Maryland 20910, United States
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20
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Chen S, Guan T, Qian Z, Quan Q, Wang J, Li X, Wu S, Yan Y, Yao X, Zhang S, Lei H. A sensitive and quantitative immunochromatographic assay for simultaneous detection of three stimulant laxatives in slimming food. Food Chem 2022; 398:133861. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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21
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Bourguignon N, Karp P, Attallah C, Chamorro DA, Oggero M, Booth R, Ferrero S, Bhansali S, Pérez MS, Lerner B, Helguera G. Large Area Microfluidic Bioreactor for Production of Recombinant Protein. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:bios12070526. [PMID: 35884329 PMCID: PMC9313365 DOI: 10.3390/bios12070526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
To produce innovative biopharmaceuticals, highly flexible, adaptable, robust, and affordable bioprocess platforms for bioreactors are essential. In this article, we describe the development of a large-area microfluidic bioreactor (LM bioreactor) for mammalian cell culture that works at laminar flow and perfusion conditions. The 184 cm2 32 cisterns LM bioreactor is the largest polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) microfluidic device fabricated by photopolymer flexographic master mold methodology, reaching a final volume of 2.8 mL. The LM bioreactor was connected to a syringe pump system for culture media perfusion, and the cells’ culture was monitored by photomicrograph imaging. CHO-ahIFN-α2b adherent cell line expressing the anti-hIFN-a2b recombinant scFv-Fc monoclonal antibody (mAb) for the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus were cultured on the LM bioreactor. Cell culture and mAb production in the LM bioreactor could be sustained for 18 days. Moreover, the anti-hIFN-a2b produced in the LM bioreactor showed higher affinity and neutralizing antiproliferative activity compared to those mAbs produced in the control condition. We demonstrate for the first-time, a large area microfluidic bioreactor for mammalian cell culture that enables a controlled microenvironment suitable for the development of high-quality biologics with potential for therapeutic use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Bourguignon
- Centro IREN, Universidad Tecnológica Nacional, Haedo B1706EAH, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina; (N.B.); (D.A.C.); (M.S.P.)
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33174, USA;
| | - Paola Karp
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología Farmacéutica, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME-CONICET), Ciudad de Buenos Aires C1428ADN, Argentina; (P.K.); (S.F.)
| | - Carolina Attallah
- Centro Biotecnológico del Litoral, Laboratorio de Cultivos Celulares, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL), CONICET, Santa Fe S3000ZAA, Provincia de Santa Fe, Argentina; (C.A.); (M.O.)
| | - Daniel A. Chamorro
- Centro IREN, Universidad Tecnológica Nacional, Haedo B1706EAH, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina; (N.B.); (D.A.C.); (M.S.P.)
| | - Marcos Oggero
- Centro Biotecnológico del Litoral, Laboratorio de Cultivos Celulares, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL), CONICET, Santa Fe S3000ZAA, Provincia de Santa Fe, Argentina; (C.A.); (M.O.)
| | - Ross Booth
- Roche Sequencing Solutions, Inc., Pleasanton, CA 94588, USA;
| | - Sol Ferrero
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología Farmacéutica, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME-CONICET), Ciudad de Buenos Aires C1428ADN, Argentina; (P.K.); (S.F.)
| | - Shekhar Bhansali
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33174, USA;
| | - Maximiliano S. Pérez
- Centro IREN, Universidad Tecnológica Nacional, Haedo B1706EAH, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina; (N.B.); (D.A.C.); (M.S.P.)
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33174, USA;
| | - Betiana Lerner
- Centro IREN, Universidad Tecnológica Nacional, Haedo B1706EAH, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina; (N.B.); (D.A.C.); (M.S.P.)
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33174, USA;
- Correspondence: (B.L.); (G.H.); Tel.:+5411-4343-1177 (ext. 1209) (B.L.); +54-11-4783-2869 (G.H.)
| | - Gustavo Helguera
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología Farmacéutica, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME-CONICET), Ciudad de Buenos Aires C1428ADN, Argentina; (P.K.); (S.F.)
- Correspondence: (B.L.); (G.H.); Tel.:+5411-4343-1177 (ext. 1209) (B.L.); +54-11-4783-2869 (G.H.)
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22
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Nakamura T, Kobayashi E, Hamana H, Hayakawa Y, Muraguchi A, Hayashi A, Ozawa T, Kishi H. Evaluation of chimeric antigen receptor of humanized rabbit-derived T cell receptor-like antibody. Cancer Sci 2022; 113:3321-3329. [PMID: 35766417 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
T-cell receptor (TCR)-like antibodies that specifically recognize antigenic peptides presented on major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules have been developed for next-generation cancer immunotherapy. Recently, we reported a rapid and efficient method to generate TCR-like antibodies using a rabbit system. We humanized previously generated rabbit-derived TCR-like antibodies reacting Epstein-Barr virus peptide (BRLF1p, TYPVLEEMF) in the context of HLA-A24 molecules, produced CAR-T cells, and evaluated their anti-tumor effects using in vitro and in vivo tumor models. Humanization of the rabbit-derived TCR-like antibodies using the complementarity-determining region grafting technology maintained their specificity and affinity. We prepared a second-generation chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) using scFv of the humanized TCR-like antibodies and then transduced them into human T-cells. The CAR-T cells specifically recognized BRLF1p/MHC molecules and lysed the target cells in an antigen-specific manner in vitro. They also demonstrated anti-tumor activity in a mouse xenograft model. We report the generation of CAR-T cells using humanized rabbit-derived TCR-like antibodies. Together with our established and efficient generation procedure for TCR-like antibodies using rabbits, our platform for the clinical application of humanized rabbit-derived TCR-like antibodies to CAR-T cells will help improve next-generation cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoko Nakamura
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Academic Assembly, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan.,Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Academic Assembly, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Eiji Kobayashi
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Academic Assembly, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Hamana
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Academic Assembly, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Hayakawa
- Section of Host Defences, Department of Bioscience, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, Japan
| | - Atsushi Muraguchi
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Academic Assembly, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Atsushi Hayashi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Academic Assembly, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Tatsuhiko Ozawa
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Academic Assembly, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kishi
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Academic Assembly, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
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23
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Sun L, Zheng ZM, Shao CS, Zhang ZY, Li MW, Wang L, Wang H, Zhao GH, Wang P. Rational Design by Structural Biology of Industrializable, Long-Acting Antihyperglycemic GLP-1 Receptor Agonists. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15060740. [PMID: 35745659 PMCID: PMC9230455 DOI: 10.3390/ph15060740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is easily degraded by dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) in the human body, limiting its therapeutic effect on type II diabetes. Therefore, improving GLP-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA) stability is a major obstacle for drug development. We analyzed human GLP-1, DPP-4, and GLP-1 receptor structures and designed three GLP-1RAs, which were introduced into fusion protein fragments and changed in the overall conformation. This modification effectively prevented GLP-1RAs from entering the DPP-4 active center without affecting GLP-1RAs’ ability to bind to GLP-1R, the new GLP-1RA hypoglycemic effect lasting for >24 h. Through molecular modeling, molecular dynamics calculation, and simulation, possible tertiary structure models of GLP-1RAs were obtained; molecular docking with DPP-4 and GLP-1R showed access to the fusion protein. The overall conformational change of GLP-1RAs prevented DPP-4 binding, without affecting GLP-1RAs’ affinity to GLP-1R. This study provides important drug design ideas for GLP-1RA development and a new example for application of structural biology-based protein design in drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Sun
- Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Hefei 230031, China; (L.S.); (C.-S.S.); (L.W.); (H.W.); (G.-H.Z.)
- Science Island Branch of Graduate School, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Zhi-Ming Zheng
- Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Hefei 230031, China; (L.S.); (C.-S.S.); (L.W.); (H.W.); (G.-H.Z.)
- Correspondence: (Z.-M.Z.); (P.W.); Tel./Fax: +86-551-65593148 (Z.-M.Z.); +86-551-65593145 (P.W.)
| | - Chang-Sheng Shao
- Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Hefei 230031, China; (L.S.); (C.-S.S.); (L.W.); (H.W.); (G.-H.Z.)
| | - Zhi-Yong Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Membraneless Organelles and Cellular Dynamics, National Science Center for Physical Sciences at Microscale, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230022, China; (Z.-Y.Z.); (M.-W.L.)
| | - Ming-Wei Li
- MOE Key Laboratory for Membraneless Organelles and Cellular Dynamics, National Science Center for Physical Sciences at Microscale, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230022, China; (Z.-Y.Z.); (M.-W.L.)
| | - Li Wang
- Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Hefei 230031, China; (L.S.); (C.-S.S.); (L.W.); (H.W.); (G.-H.Z.)
| | - Han Wang
- Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Hefei 230031, China; (L.S.); (C.-S.S.); (L.W.); (H.W.); (G.-H.Z.)
| | - Gen-Hai Zhao
- Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Hefei 230031, China; (L.S.); (C.-S.S.); (L.W.); (H.W.); (G.-H.Z.)
| | - Peng Wang
- Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Hefei 230031, China; (L.S.); (C.-S.S.); (L.W.); (H.W.); (G.-H.Z.)
- Science Island Branch of Graduate School, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Correspondence: (Z.-M.Z.); (P.W.); Tel./Fax: +86-551-65593148 (Z.-M.Z.); +86-551-65593145 (P.W.)
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24
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Zhang YY, Li LH, Wang Y, Wang H, Xu ZL, Tian YX, Sun YM, Yang JY, Shen YD. Ultrasensitive and rapid colorimetric detection of paraquat via a high specific VHH nanobody. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 205:114089. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2022.114089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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25
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Gandotra R, Wu HB, Gopinathan P, Tsai YC, Kuo FC, Lee MS, Lee GB. Aptamer selection against alpha-defensin human neutrophil peptide 1 on an integrated microfluidic system for diagnosis of periprosthetic joint infections. LAB ON A CHIP 2022; 22:250-261. [PMID: 34918728 DOI: 10.1039/d1lc00969a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Periprosthetic joint infections (PJIs) arising from joint arthroplasty are dreadful, yet difficult to diagnose in subtle cases. Definite diagnosis requires microbiological culture to confirm the causative pathogens. However, up to 40% of culture-negative PJI needs other surrogate biomarkers such as human neutrophil peptide 1 (HNP 1) to improve diagnostic accuracy or gauge therapeutic responses. To devise a diagnostic method, systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX) (five rounds) was used to screen PJI biomarkers on a compact (20 × 20 × 35 cm), integrated microfluidic system equipped with two separate Peltier devices and one magnetic control module where an aptamer with high affinity and specificity for HNP 1, which has been used as one of the synovial fluid (SF) biomarkers for detecting PJI, was identified for the first time. Two rounds of negative selection (with immunoglobulin G & human serum album) on-chip followed by one round of unique "competitive selection" with SF extracted from PJI patients validated the specificity of the HNP 1 aptamer. The dissociation constant was measured to be 19 nM. The applicability of SF HNP 1 levels for diagnosing PJI was then verified by a new aptamer-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)-like assay. It is envisioned that this new aptamer and the associated assay could be used in future clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rishabh Gandotra
- Institute of NanoEngineering and Microsystems, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Bin Wu
- Department of Power Mechanical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan.
| | - Priya Gopinathan
- Department of Power Mechanical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan.
| | - Yi-Cheng Tsai
- Department of Power Mechanical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan.
| | - Feng-Chih Kuo
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan
| | - Mel S Lee
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Paochien Hospital, Pingtung 90064, Taiwan.
| | - Gwo-Bin Lee
- Institute of NanoEngineering and Microsystems, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
- Department of Power Mechanical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan.
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26
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Rybchenko VS, Panina AA, Aliev TK, Solopova ON, Balabashin DS, Novoseletsky VN, Dolgikh DA, Sveshnikov PG, Kirpichnikov MP. Bispecific Antibodies for IFN-β Delivery to ErbB2 + Tumors. Biomolecules 2021; 11:1915. [PMID: 34944558 PMCID: PMC8699518 DOI: 10.3390/biom11121915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The main aim of our work was to create a full-length bispecific antibody (BsAb) as a vehicle for the targeted delivery of interferon-beta (IFN-β) to ErbB2+ tumor cells in the form of non-covalent complex of BsAb and IFN-β. Such a construct is a CrossMab-type BsAb, consisting of an ErbB2-recognizing trastuzumab moiety, a part of chimeric antibody to IFN-β, and human IgG1 Fc domain carrying knob-into-hole amino acid substitutions necessary for the proper assembly of bispecific molecules. The IFN-β- recognizing arm of BsAb not only forms a complex with the cytokine but neutralizes its activity, thus providing a mechanism to avoid the side effects of the systemic action of IFN-β by blocking IFN-β Interaction with cell receptors in the process of cytokine delivery to tumor sites. Enzyme sandwich immunoassay confirmed the ability of BsAb to bind to human IFN-β comparable to that of the parental chimeric mAb. The BsAb binds to the recombinant ErbB2 receptor, as well as to lysates of ErbB2+ tumor cell lines. The inhibition of the antiproliferative effect of IFN-β by BsAb (IC50 = 49,3 µg/mL) was demonstrated on the HT29 cell line. It can be proposed that the BsAb obtained can serve as a component of the immunocytokine complex for the delivery of IFN-β to ErbB2-associated tumor cells.
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MESH Headings
- Antibodies, Bispecific/chemistry
- Antibodies, Bispecific/pharmacology
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/chemistry
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/pharmacology
- Antibodies, Neutralizing/chemistry
- Antibodies, Neutralizing/pharmacology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Cell Survival/drug effects
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- HT29 Cells
- Humans
- Immunoglobulin Fc Fragments/chemistry
- Interferon-beta/metabolism
- Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Neoplasms/metabolism
- Receptor, ErbB-2/metabolism
- Trastuzumab/chemistry
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladislav S. Rybchenko
- Department of Bioengineering, Shemyakin & Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (D.S.B.); (D.A.D.); (M.P.K.)
| | - Anna A. Panina
- Department of Bioengineering, Shemyakin & Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (D.S.B.); (D.A.D.); (M.P.K.)
| | - Teimur K. Aliev
- Department of Chemistry, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - Olga N. Solopova
- Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 115478 Moscow, Russia;
- Russian Research Center for Molecular Diagnostics and Therapy, 117638 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Dmitry S. Balabashin
- Department of Bioengineering, Shemyakin & Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (D.S.B.); (D.A.D.); (M.P.K.)
| | | | - Dmitry A. Dolgikh
- Department of Bioengineering, Shemyakin & Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (D.S.B.); (D.A.D.); (M.P.K.)
- Department of Biology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Petr G. Sveshnikov
- Russian Research Center for Molecular Diagnostics and Therapy, 117638 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Mikhail P. Kirpichnikov
- Department of Bioengineering, Shemyakin & Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (D.S.B.); (D.A.D.); (M.P.K.)
- Department of Biology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia;
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27
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Van Lent J, Breukers J, Ven K, Ampofo L, Horta S, Pollet F, Imbrechts M, Geukens N, Vanhoorelbeke K, Declerck P, Lammertyn J. Miniaturized single-cell technologies for monoclonal antibody discovery. LAB ON A CHIP 2021; 21:3627-3654. [PMID: 34505611 DOI: 10.1039/d1lc00243k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Antibodies (Abs) are among the most important class of biologicals, showcasing a high therapeutic and diagnostic value. In the global therapeutic Ab market, fully-human monoclonal Abs (FH-mAbs) are flourishing thanks to their low immunogenicity and high specificity. The rapidly emerging field of single-cell technologies has paved the way to efficiently discover mAbs by facilitating a fast screening of the antigen (Ag)-specificity and functionality of Abs expressed by B cells. This review summarizes the principles and challenges of the four key concepts to discover mAbs using these technologies, being confinement of single cells using either droplet microfluidics or microstructure arrays, identification of the cells of interest, retrieval of those cells and single-cell sequence determination required for mAb production. This review reveals the enormous potential for mix-and-matching of the above-mentioned strategies, which is illustrated by the plethora of established, highly integrated devices. Lastly, an outlook is given on the many opportunities and challenges that still lie ahead to fully exploit miniaturized single-cell technologies for mAb discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Van Lent
- Department of Biosystems, Biosensors Group, KU Leuven, Leuven 3001, Belgium.
| | - Jolien Breukers
- Department of Biosystems, Biosensors Group, KU Leuven, Leuven 3001, Belgium.
| | - Karen Ven
- Department of Biosystems, Biosensors Group, KU Leuven, Leuven 3001, Belgium.
| | - Louanne Ampofo
- Department of Biosystems, Biosensors Group, KU Leuven, Leuven 3001, Belgium.
- Laboratory for Therapeutic and Diagnostic Antibodies, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Sara Horta
- Laboratory for Thrombosis Research, IRF Life Sciences, KU Leuven Campus Kulak Kortrijk, Kortrijk 8500, Belgium
| | - Francesca Pollet
- Department of Biosystems, Biosensors Group, KU Leuven, Leuven 3001, Belgium.
| | - Maya Imbrechts
- Laboratory for Therapeutic and Diagnostic Antibodies, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
- PharmAbs, The KU Leuven Antibody Center, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Nick Geukens
- PharmAbs, The KU Leuven Antibody Center, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Karen Vanhoorelbeke
- Laboratory for Thrombosis Research, IRF Life Sciences, KU Leuven Campus Kulak Kortrijk, Kortrijk 8500, Belgium
- PharmAbs, The KU Leuven Antibody Center, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Paul Declerck
- Laboratory for Therapeutic and Diagnostic Antibodies, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
- PharmAbs, The KU Leuven Antibody Center, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Jeroen Lammertyn
- Department of Biosystems, Biosensors Group, KU Leuven, Leuven 3001, Belgium.
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28
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Si Y, Zhang Y, Guan JS, Ngo HG, Totoro A, Singh AP, Chen K, Xu Y, Yang ES, Zhou L, Liu R, Liu X(M. Anti-CD47 Monoclonal Antibody-Drug Conjugate: A Targeted Therapy to Treat Triple-Negative Breast Cancers. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:vaccines9080882. [PMID: 34452008 PMCID: PMC8402537 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9080882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Revised: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancers (TNBCs) are frequently recurrent due to the development of drug resistance post chemotherapy. Both the existing literature and our study found that surface receptor CD47 (cluster of differentiation 47) was upregulated in chemotherapy-treated TNBC cells. The goal of this study was to develop a monoclonal antibody (mAb)-based targeting strategy to treat TNBC after standard treatment. Specifically, a new mAb that targets the extracellular domain of receptor CD47 was developed using hybridoma technology and produced in fed-batch culture. Flow cytometry, confocal microscopy, and in vivo imaging system (IVIS) showed that the anti-CD47 mAb effectively targeted human and mouse TNBC cells and xenograft models with high specificity. The antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) carrying mertansine was constructed and demonstrated higher potency with reduced IC50 in TNBC cells than did the free drug and significantly inhibited tumor growth post gemcitabine treatment in MDA-MB-231 xenograft NSG model. Finally, whole blood analysis indicated that the anti-CD47 mAb had no general immune toxicity, flow cytometry analysis of lymph nodes revealed an increase of CD69+ NK, CD11c+ DC, and CD4+ T cells, and IHC staining showed tumoral infiltration of macrophage in the 4T1 xenograft BALB/cJ model. This study demonstrated that targeting CD47 with ADC has great potential to treat TNBCs as a targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingnan Si
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), 1825 University Blvd, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; (Y.S.); (Y.Z.); (J.-S.G.); (H.G.N.); (A.T.); (A.P.S.); (K.C.); (L.Z.)
| | - Ya Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), 1825 University Blvd, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; (Y.S.); (Y.Z.); (J.-S.G.); (H.G.N.); (A.T.); (A.P.S.); (K.C.); (L.Z.)
| | - Jia-Shiung Guan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), 1825 University Blvd, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; (Y.S.); (Y.Z.); (J.-S.G.); (H.G.N.); (A.T.); (A.P.S.); (K.C.); (L.Z.)
| | - Hanh Giai Ngo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), 1825 University Blvd, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; (Y.S.); (Y.Z.); (J.-S.G.); (H.G.N.); (A.T.); (A.P.S.); (K.C.); (L.Z.)
| | - Angela Totoro
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), 1825 University Blvd, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; (Y.S.); (Y.Z.); (J.-S.G.); (H.G.N.); (A.T.); (A.P.S.); (K.C.); (L.Z.)
| | - Ajeet Pal Singh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), 1825 University Blvd, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; (Y.S.); (Y.Z.); (J.-S.G.); (H.G.N.); (A.T.); (A.P.S.); (K.C.); (L.Z.)
| | - Kai Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), 1825 University Blvd, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; (Y.S.); (Y.Z.); (J.-S.G.); (H.G.N.); (A.T.); (A.P.S.); (K.C.); (L.Z.)
| | - Yuanxin Xu
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), 703 19th Street South, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA;
| | - Eddy S. Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), 1808 7th Avenue South, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA;
- O’Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), 1824 6th Avenue South, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
| | - Lufang Zhou
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), 1825 University Blvd, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; (Y.S.); (Y.Z.); (J.-S.G.); (H.G.N.); (A.T.); (A.P.S.); (K.C.); (L.Z.)
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), 703 19th Street South, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA;
| | - Runhua Liu
- Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), 702 20th St., Birmingham, AL 35233, USA;
| | - Xiaoguang (Margaret) Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), 1825 University Blvd, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; (Y.S.); (Y.Z.); (J.-S.G.); (H.G.N.); (A.T.); (A.P.S.); (K.C.); (L.Z.)
- O’Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), 1824 6th Avenue South, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-05-996-1042; Fax: +1-205-996-4701
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29
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Plasmodium vivax binds host CD98hc (SLC3A2) to enter immature red blood cells. Nat Microbiol 2021; 6:991-999. [PMID: 34294905 DOI: 10.1038/s41564-021-00939-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
More than one-third of the world's population is exposed to Plasmodium vivax malaria, mainly in Asia1. P. vivax preferentially invades reticulocytes (immature red blood cells)2-4. Previous work has identified 11 parasite proteins involved in reticulocyte invasion, including erythrocyte binding protein 2 (ref. 5) and the reticulocyte-binding proteins (PvRBPs)6-10. PvRBP2b binds to the transferrin receptor CD71 (ref. 11), which is selectively expressed on immature reticulocytes12. Here, we identified CD98 heavy chain (CD98), a heteromeric amino acid transporter from the SLC3 family (also known as SLCA2), as a reticulocyte-specific receptor for the PvRBP2a parasite ligand using mass spectrometry, flow cytometry, biochemical and parasite invasion assays. We characterized the expression level of CD98 at the surface of immature reticulocytes (CD71+) and identified an interaction between CD98 and PvRBP2a expressed at the merozoite surface. Our results identify CD98 as an additional host membrane protein, besides CD71, that is directly associated with P. vivax reticulocyte tropism. These findings highlight the potential of using PvRBP2a as a vaccine target against P. vivax malaria.
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Gadolinium-labeled affibody-XTEN recombinant vector for detection of HER2+ lesions of ovarian cancer lung metastasis using quantitative MRI. J Control Release 2021; 337:132-143. [PMID: 34284047 PMCID: PMC8440463 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer has the highest mortality rate among all gynecologic malignancies. HER2+ ovarian cancer is a subtype that is aggressive and associated with metastasis to distant sites such as the lungs. Therefore, accurate biological characterization of metastatic lesions is vital as it helps physicians select the most effective treatment strategy. Functional imaging of ovarian cancer with PET/CT is routinely used in the clinic to detect metastatic disease and evaluate treatment response. However, this imaging method does not provide information regarding the presence or absence of cancer-specific cell surface biomarkers such as HER2. As a result, this method does not help physicians decide whether to choose immunotherapy to treat metastasis. To differentiate the HER2+ from HER2¯ lesions in ovarian cancer lung metastasis, AbX50C4:Gd vector composed of a HER2 targeting affibody and XTEN peptide was genetically engineered. It was then labeled with gadolinium (Gd) via a stable linker. The vector was characterized physicochemically and biologically to determine its purity, molecular weight, hydrodynamic size and surface charge, stability in serum, endotoxin levels, relaxivity and ability to target the HER2 antigen. Then, SCID mice were implanted with SKOV-3 (HER2+) and OVASC-1 (HER2¯) tumors in the lungs and injected with the Gd-labeled HER2 targeted AbX50C4:Gd vector. The mice were imaged using dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI), followed by R1-mapping and quantitative analysis of the images. Our data demonstrate that the developed HER2-targeted vector can differentiate HER2+ lung metastasis from HER2¯ lesions using DCE-MRI. The developed vector could potentially be used in conjunction with other imaging modalities to prescreen patients and identify candidates for immunotherapy while triaging those who may not be considered responsive.
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Roth S, Danielli A. Rapid and Sensitive Inhibitor Screening Using Magnetically Modulated Biosensors. SENSORS 2021; 21:s21144814. [PMID: 34300555 PMCID: PMC8309820 DOI: 10.3390/s21144814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Inhibitor screening is an important tool for drug development, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. The most used in vitro inhibitor screening tool is an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). However, ELISA-based inhibitor screening is time consuming and has a limited dynamic range. Using fluorescently and magnetically modulated biosensors (MMB), we developed a rapid and sensitive inhibitor screening tool. This study demonstrates its performance by screening small molecules and neutralizing antibodies as potential inhibitors of the interaction between the spike protein 1 (S1) of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor. The MMB-based assay is highly sensitive, has minimal non-specific binding, and is much faster than the commonly used ELISA (2 h vs. 7–24 h). We anticipate that our method will lead to a remarkable advance in screening for new drug candidates.
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Berwanger JD, Tan HY, Jokhadze G, Bruening ML. Determination of the Serum Concentrations of the Monoclonal Antibodies Bevacizumab, Rituximab, and Panitumumab Using Porous Membranes Containing Immobilized Peptide Mimotopes. Anal Chem 2021; 93:7562-7570. [PMID: 33999602 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c04903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Effective monoclonal antibody (mAb) therapies require a threshold mAb concentration in patient serum. Moreover, the serum concentration of the mAb Bevacizumab should reside in a specific range to avoid side effects. Methods for conveniently determining the levels of mAbs in patient sera could allow for personalized dosage schedules that lead to more successful treatments. This work utilizes microporous nylon membranes functionalized with antibody-binding peptides to capture Bevacizumab, Rituximab, or Panitumumab from diluted (25%) serum. Modification of the capture-peptide terminus is often crucial to creating the affinity necessary for effective binding. The high purity of eluted mAbs allows for their quantitation using native fluorescence, and membranes are effective in spin devices that can be used in any laboratory. The technique is effective over the therapeutic range of Bevacizumab concentrations. Future work aims at further modifications to develop rapid point-of-care devices and decrease detection limits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua D Berwanger
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Hui Yin Tan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Gia Jokhadze
- Takara Bio USA, Inc., Mountain View, California 94043, United States
| | - Merlin L Bruening
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States.,Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
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Immunochemical method for penthiopyrad detection through thermodynamic and kinetic characterization of monoclonal antibodies. Talanta 2021; 226:122123. [PMID: 33676678 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.122123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Immunoassays are nowadays being employed for rapid contaminant analysis in clinical, environmental, and agrochemical samples. A thorough characterization of the antibody‒antigen interaction can bring light to the immunoreagent selection process in order to develop sensitive and robust tests. Thus, determination of equilibrium and reaction rate constants is usually recommendable. However, this can be quite tricky for low molecular weight compounds, and competitive strategies are commonly followed to estimate apparent affinity values. In the present study, a collection of monoclonal antibodies to penthiopyrad was raised for the first time, and apparent equilibrium constants were assessed by the Langmuir model using three different competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay formats. The obtained KD values from antibody-coated assays were quite close to the corresponding KD values calculated from surface plasmon resonance (SPR) evaluation. These studies were employed to select a pair of immunoreagents for immunoassay development. The KD value for penthiopyrad of the selected antibody obtained by SPR was 0.28 nM. The optimized direct assay showed an IC50 value for penthiopyrad of 0.42 nM (0.15 ng mL-1) in buffer. The limit of quantification for grape, must, and wine samples was 10 ng mL-1. An excellent correlation was found when immunochemical results were compared with those from LC-MS/MS. As an application case, it was determined that 58% of penthiopyrad was still found in wine after fermentation.
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Toraño A, Moreno I, Infantes JA, Domínguez M. Development of a competitive inhibition kinetic ELISA to determine the inhibition constant (K i) of monoclonal antibodies. J Immunol Methods 2021; 493:113042. [PMID: 33757841 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2021.113042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Antibody-antigen interactions are mediated by the same molecular recognition mechanisms as those of an enzyme and its substrate. On this basis, we developed a competitive inhibition kinetic ELISA to measure monoclonal antibody (mAb) inhibition constants. Serially diluted samples of ligand (mAb) and inhibitor (soluble antigen) were incubated to equilibrium in ELISA plates coated with a fixed concentration of antigen (receptor). Plates were washed, and bound mAb measured with antiglobulin-peroxidase. Initial velocity data of receptor-bound mAb at various ligand and inhibitor concentrations were analyzed with enzyme linear competitive inhibition methods by non-linear regression (NLR), linear transformations (Cornish-Bowden, Lineweaver-Burk, Hanes-Woolf, Dixon, Cortés [1/i0.5 vs. Vi/Vmax], Ascenzi [Ks/Vmax/Ks,0/Vmax vs. [I]]) and NLR IC50 plots, to derive mAb inhibition constants (Ki). We obtained similar mAb Ki and Kd values by ELISA and surface plasmon resonance, which confirmed the accuracy of the ELISA method. This competitive inhibition ELISA is a simple (it requires no labeling or prior knowledge of antibody concentration), sensitive (it detects Ki values in the low nanomolar range by conventional colorimetry), and reproducible method with which to calculate mAb inhibition constants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo Toraño
- Unidad de Inmunología Microbiana, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Madrid 28220, Spain.
| | - Inmaculada Moreno
- Unidad de Inmunología Microbiana, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Madrid 28220, Spain
| | - José Antonio Infantes
- Unidad de Inmunología Microbiana, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Madrid 28220, Spain
| | - Mercedes Domínguez
- Unidad de Inmunología Microbiana, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Madrid 28220, Spain
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Pannecoucke E, Van Trimpont M, Desmet J, Pieters T, Reunes L, Demoen L, Vuylsteke M, Loverix S, Vandenbroucke K, Alard P, Henderikx P, Deroo S, Baatz F, Lorent E, Thiolloy S, Somers K, McGrath Y, Van Vlierberghe P, Lasters I, Savvides SN. Cell-penetrating Alphabody protein scaffolds for intracellular drug targeting. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:7/13/eabe1682. [PMID: 33771865 PMCID: PMC7997521 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abe1682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The therapeutic scope of antibody and nonantibody protein scaffolds is still prohibitively limited against intracellular drug targets. Here, we demonstrate that the Alphabody scaffold can be engineered into a cell-penetrating protein antagonist against induced myeloid leukemia cell differentiation protein MCL-1, an intracellular target in cancer, by grafting the critical B-cell lymphoma 2 homology 3 helix of MCL-1 onto the Alphabody and tagging the scaffold's termini with designed cell-penetration polypeptides. Introduction of an albumin-binding moiety extended the serum half-life of the engineered Alphabody to therapeutically relevant levels, and administration thereof in mouse tumor xenografts based on myeloma cell lines reduced tumor burden. Crystal structures of such a designed Alphabody in complex with MCL-1 and serum albumin provided the structural blueprint of the applied design principles. Collectively, we provide proof of concept for the use of Alphabodies against intracellular disease mediators, which, to date, have remained in the realm of small-molecule therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erwin Pannecoucke
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Unit for Structural Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Maaike Van Trimpont
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Tim Pieters
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
| | - Lindy Reunes
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
| | - Lisa Demoen
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Pieter Van Vlierberghe
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Savvas N Savvides
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, 9052 Ghent, Belgium.
- Unit for Structural Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
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Tadesse LF, Safir F, Ho CS, Hasbach X, Khuri-Yakub BP, Jeffrey SS, Saleh AAE, Dionne J. Toward rapid infectious disease diagnosis with advances in surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy. J Chem Phys 2021; 152:240902. [PMID: 32610995 DOI: 10.1063/1.5142767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In a pandemic era, rapid infectious disease diagnosis is essential. Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) promises sensitive and specific diagnosis including rapid point-of-care detection and drug susceptibility testing. SERS utilizes inelastic light scattering arising from the interaction of incident photons with molecular vibrations, enhanced by orders of magnitude with resonant metallic or dielectric nanostructures. While SERS provides a spectral fingerprint of the sample, clinical translation is lagged due to challenges in consistency of spectral enhancement, complexity in spectral interpretation, insufficient specificity and sensitivity, and inefficient workflow from patient sample collection to spectral acquisition. Here, we highlight the recent, complementary advances that address these shortcomings, including (1) design of label-free SERS substrates and data processing algorithms that improve spectral signal and interpretability, essential for broad pathogen screening assays; (2) development of new capture and affinity agents, such as aptamers and polymers, critical for determining the presence or absence of particular pathogens; and (3) microfluidic and bioprinting platforms for efficient clinical sample processing. We also describe the development of low-cost, point-of-care, optical SERS hardware. Our paper focuses on SERS for viral and bacterial detection, in hopes of accelerating infectious disease diagnosis, monitoring, and vaccine development. With advances in SERS substrates, machine learning, and microfluidics and bioprinting, the specificity, sensitivity, and speed of SERS can be readily translated from laboratory bench to patient bedside, accelerating point-of-care diagnosis, personalized medicine, and precision health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loza F Tadesse
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University School of Medicine and School of Engineering, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Fareeha Safir
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University School of Engineering, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Chi-Sing Ho
- Department of Applied Physics, Stanford University School of Humanities and Sciences, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Ximena Hasbach
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University School of Engineering, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Butrus Pierre Khuri-Yakub
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University School of Engineering, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Stefanie S Jeffrey
- Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Amr A E Saleh
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University School of Engineering, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Jennifer Dionne
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University School of Engineering, Stanford, California 94305, USA
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Krasitskaya VV, Bashmakova EE, Kudryavtsev AN, Vorobjeva MA, Shatunova EA, Frank LA. The Hybrid Protein ZZ–OL as an Analytical Tool for Biotechnology Research. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s106816202006014x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Lee CH, Liu CI, Leu SJ, Lee YC, Chiang JR, Chiang LC, Mao YC, Tsai BY, Hung CS, Chen CC, Yang YY. Chicken antibodies against venom proteins of Trimeresurus stejnegeri in Taiwan. J Venom Anim Toxins Incl Trop Dis 2020; 26:e20200056. [PMID: 33281887 PMCID: PMC7682652 DOI: 10.1590/1678-9199-jvatitd-2020-0056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The venom of bamboo vipers (Trimeresurus stejnegeri - TS), commonly found in Taiwan, contains deadly hemotoxins that cause severe envenomation. Equine-derived antivenom is a specific treatment against snakebites, but its production costs are high and there are some inevitable side effects. The aim of the present work is to help in the development of an affordable and more endurable therapeutic strategy for snakebites. METHODS T. stejnegeri venom proteins were inactivated by glutaraldehyde in order to immunize hens for polyclonal immunoglobulin (IgY) antibodies production. After IgY binding assays, two antibody libraries were constructed expressing single-chain variable fragment (scFv) antibodies joined by the short or long linker for use in phage display antibody technology. Four rounds of biopanning were carried out. The selected scFv antibodies were then further tested for their binding activities and neutralization assays to TS proteins. RESULTS Purified IgY from egg yolk showed the specific binding ability to TS proteins. The dimensions of these two libraries contain 2.4 × 107 and 6.8 × 107 antibody clones, respectively. An increase in the titers of eluted phage indicated anti-TS clones remarkably enriched after 2nd panning. The analysis based on the nucleotide sequences of selected scFv clones indicated that seven groups of short linkers and four groups of long linkers were identified. The recombinant scFvs showed significant reactivity to TS venom proteins and a cross-reaction to Trimeresurus mucrosquamatus venom proteins. In in vivo studies, the data demonstrated that anti-TS IgY provided 100% protective effects while combined scFvs augmented partial survival time of mice injected with a lethal amount of TS proteins. CONCLUSION Chickens were excellent hosts for the production of neutralization antibodies at low cost. Phage display technology is available for generation of monoclonal antibodies against snake venom proteins. These antibodies could be applied in the development of diagnostic kits or as an alternative for snakebite envenomation treatment in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Hsin Lee
- School of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Program in Medical Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-I Liu
- School of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Program in Medical Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sy-Jye Leu
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ching Lee
- The Center of Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Ron Chiang
- Center for Research, Diagnostics and Vaccine Development, Centers for Disease Control, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taiwan
| | - Liao-Chun Chiang
- College of Life Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Yan-Chiao Mao
- Division of Clinical Toxicology, Department of Emergency Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | | | - Ching-Sheng Hung
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Ching Chen
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Landseed Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Yuan Yang
- School of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Program in Medical Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Core Laboratory of Antibody Generation and Research, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Bringing the Heavy Chain to Light: Creating a Symmetric, Bivalent IgG-Like Bispecific. Antibodies (Basel) 2020; 9:antib9040062. [PMID: 33172091 PMCID: PMC7709125 DOI: 10.3390/antib9040062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Bispecific molecules are biologically significant, yet their complex structures pose important manufacturing and pharmacokinetic challenges. Nevertheless, owing to similarities with monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), IgG-like bispecifics conceptually align well with conventional expression and manufacturing platforms and often exhibit potentially favorable drug metabolism and pharmacokinetic (DMPK) properties. However, IgG-like bispecifics do not possess target bivalency and current designs often require tedious engineering and purification to ensure appropriate chain pairing. Here, we present a near-native IgG antibody format, the 2xVH, which can create bivalency for each target or epitope and requires no engineering for cognate chain pairing. In this modality, two different variable heavy (VH) domains with distinct binding specificities are grafted onto the first constant heavy (CH1) and constant light (CL) domains, conferring the molecule with dual specificity. To determine the versatility of this format, we characterized the expression, binding, and stability of several previously identified soluble human VH domains. By grafting these domains onto an IgG scaffold, we generated several prototype 2xVH IgG and Fab molecules that display similar properties to mAbs. These molecules avoided the post-expression purification necessary for engineered bispecifics while maintaining a capacity for simultaneous dual binding. Hence, the 2xVH format represents a bivalent, bispecific design that addresses limitations of manufacturing IgG-like bispecifics while promoting biologically-relevant dual target engagement.
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Rybchenko VS, Panina AA, Novoseletsky NV, Balabashin DS, Yakimov SA, Solopova ON, Sveshnikov PG, Aliev TK, Dolgikh DA, Kirpichnikov MP. Generation and Characterization of Human Interferon-beta Neutralizing Humanized Antibody. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s1068162020050209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Novel monoclonal antibody to fibrin(ogen) ?C-region for detection of the earliest forms of soluble fibrin. UKRAINIAN BIOCHEMICAL JOURNAL 2020. [DOI: 10.15407/ubj92.03.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Abstract
Bacteriophages are interesting entities on the border of biology and chemistry. In nature, they are bacteria parasites, while, after genetic manipulation, they gain new properties, e.g., selectively binding proteins. Owing to this, they may be applied as recognition elements in biosensors. Combining bacteriophages with different transducers can then result in the development of innovative sensor designs that may revolutionize bioanalytics and improve the quality of medical services. Therefore, here, we review the use of bacteriophages, or peptides from bacteriophages, as new sensing elements for the recognition of biomarkers and the construction of the highly effective diagnostics tools.
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Bahri M, Hasannia S, Dabirmanesh B, Moshaverinia A, Zadeh HH. A multifunctional fusion peptide for tethering to hydroxyapatite and selective capture of bone morphogenetic protein from extracellular milieu. J Biomed Mater Res A 2020; 108:1459-1466. [PMID: 32142198 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.36915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The present study sought to design a multi-functional fusion peptide with hydroxyapatite (HA) binding domain (HABD) and heparin binding domain (HBD). METHODS The 74 amino acid fusion peptide contained N-terminus of the fibrinogen β chain (β 15-66), double G4S-linker and 12 residues with HA affinity. This construct was designed, synthesized and cloned into pET21a(+) vector and expressed in E. coli. RESULTS HABD facilitated purification of the fusion peptide by HA affinity chromatography. Kinetic peptide binding and release on HA scaffold showed sustained release of peptide for up to 16 days. Competitive ELISA and intrinsic fluorescence assays were applied to determine HBD affinity to bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2). The disassociation rate constant (Kd ) for HBD and rhBMP-2 was approximately 9.2-12 nM. CONCLUSION The fusion peptide developed in the present study, allowed for streamlined purification on HA affinity chromatography, as well as sustained release from HA scaffold, attributed to its HABD. HBD mediated binding to BMP-2, which may be potentially useful for bone repair. Additional studies, including in vivo investigation will be required to assess the efficacy of the fusion peptide in bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina Bahri
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sadegh Hasannia
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bahareh Dabirmanesh
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Moshaverinia
- Division of Advanced Prosthodontics, Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology and Division of Advanced Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Homayoun H Zadeh
- VISTA Institute for Therapeutic Innovations, Woodland Hills, California, USA
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Chou CK, Liu YL, Chen YI, Huang PJ, Tsou PH, Chen CT, Lee HH, Wang YN, Hsu JL, Lee JF, Yankeelov TE, Kameoka J, Yeh HC, Hung MC. Digital Receptor Occupancy Assay in Quantifying On- and Off-Target Binding Affinities of Therapeutic Antibodies. ACS Sens 2020; 5:296-302. [PMID: 32073836 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.9b01736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
While monoclonal antibodies are the fastest-growing class of therapeutic agents, we lack a method that can directly quantify the on- and off-target binding affinities of newly developed therapeutic antibodies in crude cell lysates. As a result, some therapeutic antibody candidates could have a moderate on-target binding affinity but a high off-target binding affinity, which not only gives a reduced efficacy but triggers unwanted side effects. Here, we report a single-molecule counting method that precisely quantifies antibody-bound receptors, free receptors, and unbound antibodies in crude cell lysates, termed digital receptor occupancy assay (DRO). Compared to the traditional flow cytometry-based binding assay, DRO assay enables direct and digital quantification of the three molecular species in solution without the additional antibodies for competitive binding. When characterizing the therapeutic antibody, cetuximab, using DRO assay, we found the on-target binding ratio to be 65% and the binding constant (Kd) to be 2.4 nM, while the off-target binding causes the binding constant to decrease by 0.3 nM. Other than cultured cells, the DRO assay can be performed on tumor mouse xenograft models. Thus, DRO is a simple and highly quantitative method for cell-based antibody binding analysis which can be broadly applied to screen and validate new therapeutic antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Kai Chou
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
| | - Yen-Liang Liu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan 40402
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Yuan-I Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Po-Jung Huang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77840, United States
| | - Pei-Hsiang Tsou
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
| | - Chun-Te Chen
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
| | - Heng-Huan Lee
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
| | - Ying-Nai Wang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
| | - Jennifer L. Hsu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
| | - Jin-Fong Lee
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
| | - Thomas E. Yankeelov
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
- Institute for Computational Engineering and Sciences, The University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
- Department of Oncology, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
- Livestrong Cancer Institutes, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Jun Kameoka
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77840, United States
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Hsin-Chih Yeh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
- Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Mien-Chie Hung
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan 40402
- Center for Molecular Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan 40402
- Cancer Biology Program, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas Health Sciences Center at Houston, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
- Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan 41354
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Smith LD, Willard MC, Smith JP, Cunningham BT. Development of a Linker-Mediated Immunoassay Using Chemically Transitioned Nanosensors. Anal Chem 2020; 92:3627-3635. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b04518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lucas D. Smith
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Holonyak Micro & Nanotechnology Lab, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- EnterpriseWorks, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Champaign, Illinois 61820, United States
| | - Michael C. Willard
- EnterpriseWorks, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Champaign, Illinois 61820, United States
| | - Jordan P. Smith
- EnterpriseWorks, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Champaign, Illinois 61820, United States
| | - Brian T. Cunningham
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Holonyak Micro & Nanotechnology Lab, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
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Wu H, Saito Y, Yoshiura Y, Ohnuki H, Endo H. Development of an enzyme-functionalized immunosensor for measuring maturation-inducing hormone in fish. Biochem Eng J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2019.107460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Mwale PF, Lee CH, Lin LT, Leu SJ, Huang YJ, Chiang LC, Mao YC, Yang YY. Expression, Purification, and Characterization of Anti- Zika virus Envelope Protein: Polyclonal and Chicken-Derived Single Chain Variable Fragment Antibodies. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21020492. [PMID: 31940993 PMCID: PMC7014089 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21020492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) is a new and emerging virus that has caused outbreaks worldwide. The virus has been linked to congenital neurological malformations in neonates and Guillain-Barré syndrome in adults. Currently there are no effective vaccines available. As a result, there is a great need for ZIKV treatment. In this study, we developed single chain variable fragment (scFv) antibodies that target the ZIKV envelope protein using phage display technology. We first induced an immune response in white leghorn laying hens against the ZIKV envelope (E) protein. Chickens were immunized and polyclonal immunoglobulin yolk (IgY) antibodies were extracted from egg yolks. A high-level titer of anti-ZIKV_E IgY antibodies was detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) after the third immunization. The titer persisted for at least 9 weeks. We constructed two antibody libraries that contained 5.3 × 106 and 4.5 × 106 transformants. After biopanning, an ELISA phage assay confirmed the enrichment of specific clones. We randomly selected 26 clones that expressed ZIKV scFv antibodies and classified them into two groups, short-linker and long-linker. Of these, four showed specific binding activities toward ZIKV_E proteins. These data suggest that the polyclonal and monoclonal scFv antibodies have the diagnostic or therapeutic potential for ZIKV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pharaoh Fellow Mwale
- Ph.D. Program in Medical Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (P.F.M.); (C.-H.L.)
- School of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
| | - Chi-Hsin Lee
- Ph.D. Program in Medical Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (P.F.M.); (C.-H.L.)
- School of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
| | - Liang-Tzung Lin
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (L.-T.L.); (S.-J.L.)
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Sy-Jye Leu
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (L.-T.L.); (S.-J.L.)
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Ju Huang
- School of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
| | - Liao-Chun Chiang
- College of Life Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan;
| | - Yan-Chiao Mao
- Division of Clinical Toxicology, Department of Emergency Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 40705, Taiwan;
| | - Yi-Yuan Yang
- Ph.D. Program in Medical Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (P.F.M.); (C.-H.L.)
- School of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
- Core Laboratory of Antibody Generation and Research, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-2-273-616-61 (ext. 3325); Fax: +886-2-273-245-10
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Boguszewska K, Szewczuk M, Urbaniak S, Karwowski BT. Review: immunoassays in DNA damage and instability detection. Cell Mol Life Sci 2019; 76:4689-4704. [PMID: 31342119 PMCID: PMC6858475 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-019-03239-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Revised: 06/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The review includes information on the current state of knowledge of immunometric methods with emphasis on the possibility of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) damage detection. Beginning with basic immunoassay enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), this review describes methods such as tyramide signal amplification (TSA), enhanced polymer one-step staining (EPOS), and time resolved amplified cryptate emission (TRACE) as improvements of ELISA's developed over time to obtain more accurate results. In the second part of the review, surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and quantum dots (QDs) are presented as the newest outlooks in the context of immunoanalysis of biological material and molecular studies. The aim of this review is to briefly present immunoassays with emphasis on DNA damage detection; therefore, the types of methods are listed and described, types of signal indicators, basic definitions such as antigen and antibody are given. Every method is considered with an exemplary application focusing on DNA studies, DNA damage and instability detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Boguszewska
- DNA Damage Laboratory of Food Science Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Muszynskiego 1, 90-151, Lodz, Poland.
| | - Michał Szewczuk
- DNA Damage Laboratory of Food Science Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Muszynskiego 1, 90-151, Lodz, Poland
| | - Sandra Urbaniak
- DNA Damage Laboratory of Food Science Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Muszynskiego 1, 90-151, Lodz, Poland
| | - Bolesław T Karwowski
- DNA Damage Laboratory of Food Science Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Muszynskiego 1, 90-151, Lodz, Poland.
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Xiao Y, Shen H, Li R, Zhou X, Xiao H, Yan J. A Novel Octapeptide Derived From G Protein-Coupled Receptor 124 Improves Cognitive Function Via Pro-Angiogenesis In A Rat Model Of Chronic Cerebral Hypoperfusion-Induced Vascular Dementia. Drug Des Devel Ther 2019; 13:3669-3682. [PMID: 31695334 PMCID: PMC6815762 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s226473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The lack of effective therapies mandates the development of new treatment strategies for vascular dementia (VaD). G protein-coupled receptor 124 (GPR124) may be a therapeutic target for angiogenesis-related diseases of CNS, including VaD. The GCPF peptide is a truncated and screened fragment of the GPR124 extracellular domain. The potential use of GCPF for VaD treatment, angiogenesis and targeting of integrin αvβ3 are evaluated. METHODS AND RESULTS First, the in vivo results indicated that the GCPF peptide could decrease mean escape latency and increase platform crossing times in BCCAO rats. Second, the in vitro and ex vivo results indicated that the GCPF peptide was an active angiogenic peptide and could promote hCMEC/D3 cell migration and adhesion to ECM molecules. Third, in silico analyses predicted that GCPF could specifically interact with integrin αvβ3; the ∆G of GCPF binding to the binding pocket was -16.402 KJ/mol. The molecular characteristics indicated that highly hydrophilic GCPF with a pI of 11.70 had a short half-life in mammals (~1 hr). Finally, the ELISA experiments indicated that low dissociation constant (Kd= 2.412±0.455 nM) corresponds to the high affinity of GCPF for integrin αvβ3. CONCLUSION The data indicate that adhesion of GCPF immobilized on ECM surface to endothelial cells via integrin αvβ3 modulates cellular functions to promote angiogenesis and improve cognitive function. This is the first report to prove that GCPF, a novel octapeptide, may be an effective strategy for VaD therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Xiao
- College of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hong Shen
- Neuro-Psychiatric Institute, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Brain Hospital, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Rui Li
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xia Zhou
- Neuro-Psychiatric Institute, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Brain Hospital, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hong Xiao
- Neuro-Psychiatric Institute, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Brain Hospital, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jun Yan
- Department of Geriatric Neurology, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Brain Hospital, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
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Structural and Functional Analysis of Ubiquitin-based Inhibitors That Target the Backsides of E2 Enzymes. J Mol Biol 2019; 432:952-966. [PMID: 31634471 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2019.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2018] [Revised: 08/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Ubiquitin-conjugating E2 enzymes are central to the ubiquitination cascade and have been implicated in cancer and other diseases. Despite strong interest in developing specific E2 inhibitors, the shallow and exposed active site has proven recalcitrant to targeting with reversible small-molecule inhibitors. Here, we used phage display to generate highly potent and selective ubiquitin variants (UbVs) that target the E2 backside, which is located opposite to the active site. A UbV targeting Ube2D1 did not affect charging but greatly attenuated chain elongation. Likewise, a UbV targeting the E2 variant Ube2V1 did not interfere with the charging of its partner E2 enzyme but inhibited formation of diubiquitin. In contrast, a UbV that bound to the backside of Ube2G1 impeded the generation of thioester-linked ubiquitin to the active site cysteine of Ube2G1 by the E1 enzyme. Crystal structures of UbVs in complex with three E2 proteins revealed distinctive molecular interactions in each case, but they also highlighted a common backside pocket that the UbVs used for enhanced affinity and specificity. These findings validate the E2 backside as a target for inhibition and provide structural insights to aid inhibitor design and screening efforts.
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