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Tanaka SI, Taniguchi M, Uchiyama S, Fukui K, Kawai T. Synthesis of long Poly(dG).Poly(dC) DNA using enzymatic reaction. Chem Commun (Camb) 2004:2388-9. [PMID: 15514779 DOI: 10.1039/b410753e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Non-defect Poly(dG).Poly(dC) of 500 bp (170 nm) has been synthesized by using enzymatic reactions and was characterized by its UV spectrum, showing that conjugated pi-electrons between base pairs are spread over the DNA molecule suggesting the absence of structural defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin-ichi Tanaka
- Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, 8-1 Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0074, Japan
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2
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Nedbal W, Homann M, Sczakiel G. The association of complementary ribonucleic acids can be strongly increased without lowering Arrhenius activation energies or significantly altering structures. Biochemistry 1997; 36:13552-7. [PMID: 9354623 DOI: 10.1021/bi970459e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The association rates of complementary nucleic acids can be increased by 2-3 orders of magnitude in vitro by cellular proteins and low molecular weight compounds including cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB). In this work, we provide experimental evidence that the CTAB-mediated enhancement of RNA-RNA annealing by approximately 3 orders of magnitude is due to a favorable activation entropy (DeltaS) and not due to a decrease of the Arrhenius activation energy (Ea) nor to major structural changes of the RNA. Two alternative models for the CTAB-facilitated RNA-RNA annealing will be discussed. First, CTAB could form a positively charged liquid matrix which could steer complementary RNA molecules and thereby increase their collision frequency and annealing rate. Second, increased annealing rates could be explained by stabilization of a non-base-specific precomplex of both complementary RNA molecules in solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Nedbal
- Forschungsschwerpunkt Angewandte Tumorvirologie, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Heidelberg, Germany
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3
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Renwick SB, Critchley AD, Adams CJ, Kelly SM, Price NC, Stockley PG. Probing the details of the HIV-1 Rev-Rev-responsive element interaction: effects of modified nucleotides on protein affinity and conformational changes during complex formation. Biochem J 1995; 308 ( Pt 2):447-53. [PMID: 7772026 PMCID: PMC1136946 DOI: 10.1042/bj3080447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The solution structure of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) Rev-responsive element (RRE) has been investigated by enzymic and chemical structural probing of a 71 nt RRE transcript. The minimum sequence information required to maintain recognition by the Rev protein has previously been mapped to a 29 nt stem-loop structure, known as minSLIIB. The key recognition target is a single-stranded RNA bubble at the base of the RNA stem. The fine details of RNA recognition have been probed using chemically synthesized minSLIIBs containing variant base or sugar residues at sites within the bubble. These have been analysed by gel retardation assays and their relative affinities for Rev protein determined. Complex formation between the wild-type minSLIIB RRE and Rev protein was also monitored using CD spectroscopy, which suggests a change in RNA conformation upon Rev binding. The spectral change is consistent with localized melting of RNA, leading to a decrease in the level of base stacking and/or a change in base tilting, during formation of the complex. Deoxynucleotide substitutions on just one side, the 5' side, of the bubble inhibit the conformational change detected by CD. The data are consistent with a dynamic interaction between Rev and its target site. The contact points between Rev and the RRE were probed directly using photo-cross-linking with either ribo-5-bromouridine- or ribo-4-thiouridine-substituted minSLIIBs. The data are consistent with protein-RNA contacts at the bottom of the bubble.
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Affiliation(s)
- S B Renwick
- Department of Genetics, University of Leeds, U.K
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4
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Okamoto Y, Muta E, Ota S, Nishi N. Studies on the function mechanism of a Formosan grey mullet protamine-mugiline beta M6: interaction of the M6 and M6 fragments with DNA. Int J Biol Macromol 1992; 14:215-20. [PMID: 1504042 DOI: 10.1016/s0141-8130(05)80030-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The interaction of three peptide segments of one component of Formosan grey mullet protamine (mugiline beta M6), obtained by chemical and enzymatic cleavage, with DNA was studied by spectroscopic measurement, thermal denaturation and circular dichroism. The data obtained were then compared with those of whole M6 and other fish protamines such as salmine of salmon and clupeine of herring. M6-B-I, which lacks C-terminal 11 amino acids in M6, showed significantly different properties. It showed remarkably high DNA aggregating ability which was due to a conformational change of DNA from B to A form. The conformational change of DNA induced by the binding of M6-B-I was reproduced by the carboxypeptidase B digestion of DNA-M6 complex. From these results, the arginine-rich, C-terminal domain of the M6 molecule was estimated to be essential for natural DNA binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Okamoto
- Department of Biochemistry, Daiichi College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka, Japan
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Wickstrom E, Heus HA, Haasnoot CA, van Knippenberg PH. Circular dichroism and 500-MHz proton magnetic resonance studies of the interaction of Escherichia coli translational initiation factor 3 protein with the 16S ribosomal RNA 3' cloacin fragment. Biochemistry 1986; 25:2770-7. [PMID: 3521723 DOI: 10.1021/bi00358a005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The RNA helix destabilizing properties of Escherichia coli initiation factor 3 protein (IF3), and its affinity for an evolutionarily conserved sequence at the 3' end of 16S rRNA, led us to examine the details of the protein-nucleic acid interactions upon IF3 binding to the 49-nucleotide 3'-terminal cloacin DF13 fragment of 16S rRNA by studying the circular dichroism (CD) and proton magnetic resonance spectra of the RNA, the protein, and their complex. In a physiological tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane buffer, where the interaction is primarily nonionic and sequence specific, addition of IF3 decreases the RNA 268-nm CD peak hyperbolically by 19% to an end point of about one IF3 per RNA strand. The titration curve is best fit by an association constant of (1.80 +/- 0.05) X 10(7) M-1, within the range estimated by a nuclease mapping study of the same system [Wickstrom, E. (1983) Nucleic Acids Res. 11, 2035-2052]. In a low-salt phosphate buffer without Mg2+, where the interaction is primarily ionic and nonspecific, titration with IF3 decreases the peak CD sigmoidally by 35% to an end point of two IF3 per strand. The titration curve is best fit by an intrinsic association constant of (1.7 +/- 0.7) X 10(6) M-1 for each IF3 and a cooperativity constant of 33 +/- 6. In a physiological phosphate buffer lacking Mg2+, the dispersion of aromatic proton magnetic resonance peaks and upfield-shifted methyl proton resonances indicates a high degree of secondary and tertiary structure in the protein. In an equimolar mixture of IF3 and RNA cloacin fragment, several changes in identifiable IF3 and RNA resonances are observed.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Steely HT, Gray DM, Lang D, Maestre MF. Circular dichroism of double-stranded RNA in the presence of salt and ethanol. Biopolymers 1986; 25:91-117. [PMID: 3081057 DOI: 10.1002/bip.360250108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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7
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Katouzian-Safadi M, Charlier M, Maurizot JC. A circular dichroism study of the Turnip yellow mosaic virus-RNA. Biochimie 1985; 67:1007-13. [PMID: 4084608 DOI: 10.1016/s0300-9084(85)80295-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
We examined the circular dichroism spectra of intact Turnip yellow mosaic virus, freezed/thawed virus, empty capsid particles, and phenol extracted RNA. The circular dichroism signal of the empty capsid was found to contribute for less than 1% to the circular dichroism of the virus. Differences in the circular dichroism spectra indicate that TYMV-RNA exhibits different conformations when it is in situ in the virus, when it has been ejected by freezing/thawing and when it has been phenol extracted. Increase of the ionic strength up to 0.1 M NaCl led to conformational change of the RNA either freezed/thawed ejected or phenol extracted but not in situ in the capsid. Addition of spermidine (3 mM) induced a conformational change only for the phenol extracted RNA. These results are discussed with respect to the origin of the various conformational states of viral RNA.
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8
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Luchnik AN. Conformational transitions in closed circular DNA molecules. II. Biological implications. Mol Biol Rep 1980; 6:11-5. [PMID: 7393222 DOI: 10.1007/bf00775747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
A model of regulation of gene action based on the theory of conformational transitions in closed circular DNA molecules is proposed and discussed in connection with the mechanisms of cellular differentiation. The model predicts two main types of regulation of gene action (1) the change in the topological linking number of the DNA loops leading to the change in the amount of the DNA segments present in the transcriptionally active A-form and (2) the change of some nucleotide sequences in closed superhelical DNA loops resulting in conformational transitions of some of the other sequences in the same loop. The first type of regulation may explain the mechanism of terminal differentiation of the stem cells and the changes accompanying the malignant transformation. The second one may explain the variegated position effect of the gene and determination of the stem cells during ontogenesis.
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BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES. Macromolecules 1979. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-119755-1.50014-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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10
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Galzigna L, Garbin L. Electric hysteresis and mitochondrial incorporation of RNAs from different sources. Biochimie 1978; 60:345-51. [PMID: 687674 DOI: 10.1016/s0300-9084(78)80667-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The paper reports the characteristics of four different RNAs from yeast, Torula and calf thymus of molecular weight ranging between 15,000 and 30,000. The gel-filtration behaviour with aqueous and partially qqueous solvents is studied together with the response of the four RNAs to static electric fields of strength ranging between 20 and 35 kV/cm. The relationship between molecular weight and extent of electric hysteresis is linear for all RNAs, while tRNA slightly deviates from such a relationship. The ability of the RNAs to permeate biological mebranes or bind membrane components such as lecithins is studied with rat liver mitochondria and a two-phase system with egg lecithin dissolved in the organic phase and RNA in the aqueous one. There is no apparent relationship between molecular weight of the RNAs and their ability to interact with biological membranes.
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Cox RA, Hirst W. Calculation of the circular dichroism of bihelical ribonucleic acids as a function of nucleotide composition. Biochem J 1976; 155:292-5. [PMID: 938479 PMCID: PMC1172834 DOI: 10.1042/bj1550292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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12
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Paleček E. Premelting Changes in DNA Conformation. PROGRESS IN NUCLEIC ACID RESEARCH AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 1976. [DOI: 10.1016/s0079-6603(08)60588-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
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13
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Arya SK, Yang JT. Optical rotatory dispersion and circular dichroism of silver(I):Polyribonucleotide complexes. Biopolymers 1975. [DOI: 10.1002/bip.1975.360140907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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14
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Burnett JP, Frank BH, Douthart RJ. Ionic strength effects on the stability and conformation of Penicillium chrysogenum mycophage double stranded RNA. Nucleic Acids Res 1975; 2:759-71. [PMID: 806900 PMCID: PMC343464 DOI: 10.1093/nar/2.6.759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect of [Na+] on the stability and conformation of penicillium chrysogenum mycophage dsRNA (PCMdsRNA) was investigated using CD and UV optical techniques. Thermal melting profiles reveal prominent fine structure attributed to at least four regions of structural dissimilarity. A constant increased thermal stability of the dsRNA compared to DNA of the same base composition was observed over a concentration range of 1.5 times 10- minus 4 M to 4.5 times 10- minus 2 M Na+. At low ionic strengths ([Na+] less than 10- minus 3 M) Tm becomes independent of further decrease in [Na+] unless the dsRNA is exposed to high concentrations of EDTA, suggesting the involvement to tightly bound divalent cation. At relatively high ionic strengths ([Na+] greater than 0.1 M) a postulated A leads to A' ... conformation change occurs.
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Hjelm RP, Huang RC. The contribution of RNA and non-histone proteins to the circular dichroism spectrum of chromatin. Biochemistry 1975; 14:1682-8. [PMID: 1125194 DOI: 10.1021/bi00679a021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
This paper is an investigation of the contribution of low salt extractable RNA and non-histone proteins to the circular dichroism of chromatin. Circular dichroism (CD) of chromatin above 250 nm is due mainly to DNA and is different from that of DNA free in solution. In addition, to a smaller extent, we find that low salt extractable RNA and/or non-histone protein side chain chromophores contribute significantly to the spectra in this region and account for the major differences observed among the CD spectra of chromatins isolated from the five tissues studied; pig cerebellum, myeloma, calf thymus, chick embryo brain, and chick erythrocytes.
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16
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Chung SY, Holzwarth G. Circular dichroism of flow-oriented nucleic acids. I. Experimental results. J Mol Biol 1975; 92:449-66. [PMID: 1095759 DOI: 10.1016/0022-2836(75)90291-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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17
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Pinkston MF, Li HJ. Studies on interaction between poly(L-lysine 40, L-alanine 60) and deoxyribonucleic acids. Biochemistry 1974; 13:5227-34. [PMID: 4215447 DOI: 10.1021/bi00722a028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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18
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Li HJ, Epstein P, Yu SS, Brand B. Investigation of huge negative circular dichroism spectra of some nucleoproteins. Nucleic Acids Res 1974; 1:1371-83. [PMID: 10793697 PMCID: PMC343418 DOI: 10.1093/nar/1.11.1371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Under certain conditions of preparation, DNA, whether free or complexed with polylysine or histone KAP (I, fl), produce huge negative circular dichroism (CD) spectra with maxima at about 270nm. In order to investigate the cause of these spectra, reconstituted polylysine-DNA complex was used as a model system. It was found that the CD change of DNA in the complex is not a linear function of the fraction of base pairs bound. Such a CD spectrum is not changed despite dilution up to 128 folds for as long as 12 hours. Difference CD spectra taken between free DNA and any of the complexes are qualitatively the same, and are similar to those of free DNA and nucleohistone KAP (Fasman et al., Biochemistry 9, 2814-2822, 1970), free DNA and direct mixed polylysine-DNA complexes, or free DNA in high salt (Chang et al., Biochemistry12, 3028-3032, 1973). The suggestion is made that this CD spectrum might be caused by specific conformational changes in DNA, perhaps belonging to the family of B to C transitions followed by a further structural distortion of DNA due to aggregation of the nucleoprotein molecules.
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Moore DS, Wagner TE. Double-helical DNA and RNA circular dichroism. Calculations on base-sugar-phosphateehlix interactions. Biopolymers 1974; 13:977-86. [PMID: 4851435 DOI: 10.1002/bip.1974.360130512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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21
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Borer PN, Uhlenbeck OC, Dengler B, Tinoco I. Circular dichroism of double-helical oligoribonucleotides. J Mol Biol 1973; 80:759-71. [PMID: 4773028 DOI: 10.1016/0022-2836(73)90208-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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22
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Incardona NL, McKee S, Flanegan JB. Noncovalent interactions in viruses: characterization of their role in the pH and thermally induced conformational changes in bromegrass mosaic virus. Virology 1973; 53:204-14. [PMID: 4706709 DOI: 10.1016/0042-6822(73)90479-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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23
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Ivanov VI, Minchenkova LE, Schyolkina AK, Poletayev AI. Different conformations of double-stranded nucleic acid in solution as revealed by circular dichroism. Biopolymers 1973; 12:89-110. [PMID: 4687151 DOI: 10.1002/bip.1973.360120109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 749] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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24
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25
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Gratzer WB, Richards EG. Evaluation of RNA conformation from circular dichroism and optical rotatory dispersion data. Biopolymers 1971; 10:2607-14. [PMID: 5126530 DOI: 10.1002/bip.360101220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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26
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Uliana R, Créac'h PV, Ducastaing A. [Several aspects of radiodenaturation of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)]. Biochimie 1971; 53:461-8. [PMID: 5125253 DOI: 10.1016/s0300-9084(71)80163-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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27
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Shih TY, Fasman GD. Circular dichroism studies of deoxyribonucleic acid complexes with arginine-rich histone IV (f2al). Biochemistry 1971; 10:1675-83. [PMID: 5580677 DOI: 10.1021/bi00785a027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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28
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29
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Martz WW, Aktipis S. A system for automatic temperature-programmed recording of circular dichroism and optical rotatory dispersion. Anal Biochem 1971; 39:327-32. [PMID: 5555463 DOI: 10.1016/0003-2697(71)90422-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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30
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31
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Tunis-Schneider MJ, Maestre MF. Circular dichroism spectra of oriented and unoriented deoxyribonucleic acid films--a preliminary study. J Mol Biol 1970; 52:521-41. [PMID: 4923749 DOI: 10.1016/0022-2836(70)90417-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 242] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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32
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34
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35
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Samejima T, Kita M, Saneyoshi M, Sawada F. Optical rotatory dispersion and circular dichroism of sulfur-containing nucleosides and nucleotide and of the ribonuclease-thionucleotide complex. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1969; 179:1-9. [PMID: 5813844 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2787(69)90115-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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36
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Samejima T, Kita M. The conformational changes of catalase molecule caused by ligand molecules. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1969; 175:24-30. [PMID: 5766007 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2795(69)90141-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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37
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38
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Yang JT, Samejima T. Optical rotatory dispersion and circular dichroism of nucleic acids. PROGRESS IN NUCLEIC ACID RESEARCH AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 1969; 9:223-300. [PMID: 4888948 DOI: 10.1016/s0079-6603(08)60770-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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39
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Yang JT, Samejima T. Effect of base tilting on the optical activity of nucleic acids: a hypothesis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1968; 33:739-45. [PMID: 5749343 DOI: 10.1016/0006-291x(68)90221-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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40
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Guschlbauer W, Courtois Y, Bové C, Bové JM. Optical investigations on double stranded ribonucleic acid from turnip yellow mosaic virus. MOLECULAR & GENERAL GENETICS : MGG 1968; 103:150-8. [PMID: 5713395 DOI: 10.1007/bf00427142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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