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Zhang J, Zhang X, Zhang H, Li J, Li W, Liu C. Overexpression of BmJHBPd2 Repressed Silk Synthesis by Inhibiting the JH/Kr-h1 Signaling Pathway in Bombyx mori. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12650. [PMID: 37628827 PMCID: PMC10454397 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241612650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The efficient production of silkworm silk is crucial to the silk industry. Silk protein synthesis is regulated by the juvenile hormone (JH) and 20-Hydroxyecdysone (20E). Therefore, the genetic regulation of silk production is a priority. JH binding protein (JHBP) transports JH from the hemolymph to target organs and cells and protects it. In a previous study, we identified 41 genes containing a JHBP domain in the Bombyx mori genome. Only one JHBP gene, BmJHBPd2, is highly expressed in the posterior silk gland (PSG), and its function remains unknown. In the present study, we investigated the expression levels of BmJHBPd2 and the major silk protein genes in the high-silk-producing practical strain 872 (S872) and the low-silk-producing local strain Dazao. We found that BmJHBPd2 was more highly expressed in S872 than in the Dazao strain, which is consistent with the expression pattern of fibroin genes. A subcellular localization assay indicated that BmJHBPd2 is located in the cytoplasm. In vitro hormone induction experiments showed that BmJHBPd2 was upregulated by juvenile hormone analogue (JHA) treatment. BmKr-h1 upregulation was significantly inhibited by the overexpression of BmJHBPd2 (BmJHBPd2OE) at the cell level when induced by JHA. However, overexpression of BmJHBPd2 in the PSG by transgenic methods led to the inhibition of silk fibroin gene expression, resulting in a reduction in silk yield. Further investigation showed that in the transgenic BmJHBPd2OE silkworm, the key transcription factor of the JH signaling pathway, Krüppel homolog 1 (Kr-h1), was inhibited, and 20E signaling pathway genes, such as broad complex (Brc), E74A, and ultraspiracle protein (USP), were upregulated. Our results indicate that BmJHBPd2 plays an important role in the JH signaling pathway and is important for silk protein synthesis. Furthermore, our findings help to elucidate the mechanisms by which JH regulates silk protein synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jikailang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (J.Z.)
| | - Xia Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (J.Z.)
| | - Hui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (J.Z.)
| | - Jiaojiao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (J.Z.)
| | - Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (J.Z.)
| | - Chun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (J.Z.)
- Jinfeng Laboratory, Chongqing 401329, China
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2
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Lebenzon JE, Torson AS, Sinclair BJ. Diapause differentially modulates the transcriptomes of fat body and flight muscle in the Colorado potato beetle. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY D-GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2021; 40:100906. [PMID: 34509173 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2021.100906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Many temperate insects, such as the Colorado potato beetle, enter diapause in winter, during which they arrest their development, suppress their metabolic rate and have high stress tolerance. Diapause phenotypes can be transcriptionally regulated, however many studies to date report only whole animal gene expression rather than tissue-specific processes during diapause. We used RNA-seq to measure gene expression in fat body and flight muscle of diapausing and non-diapausing beetles. We used differential expression and GO enrichment analyses to evaluate longstanding hypotheses about the mechanisms that drive arrested development, changes in energy metabolism, and increased stress tolerance during diapause. We found evidence of G2/M cell cycle arrest, juvenile hormone catabolism, increased antioxidant metabolism, epigenetic modification, transposable element regulation, and cytoskeletal remodeling in both the fat body and flight muscle of diapausing beetles. Beetles differentially modulated the fat body and flight muscle transcriptomes during diapause with fat body playing a larger role in the hypoxia response and immunity, whereas flight muscle had higher abundance of transcripts related to the chaperone response and proteostasis. Our transcriptome provides evidence for distinct roles and responses of fat body and flight muscle during diapause in the Colorado potato beetle, and we provide testable hypotheses for biological processes that appear to drive diapause phenotypes in insects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline E Lebenzon
- Department of Biology, University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street N, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada.
| | - Alex S Torson
- Department of Biology, University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street N, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada.
| | - Brent J Sinclair
- Department of Biology, University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street N, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada.
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3
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LeBoeuf AC, Waridel P, Brent CS, Gonçalves AN, Menin L, Ortiz D, Riba-Grognuz O, Koto A, Soares ZG, Privman E, Miska EA, Benton R, Keller L. Oral transfer of chemical cues, growth proteins and hormones in social insects. eLife 2016; 5:e20375. [PMID: 27894417 PMCID: PMC5153251 DOI: 10.7554/elife.20375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Social insects frequently engage in oral fluid exchange - trophallaxis - between adults, and between adults and larvae. Although trophallaxis is widely considered a food-sharing mechanism, we hypothesized that endogenous components of this fluid might underlie a novel means of chemical communication between colony members. Through protein and small-molecule mass spectrometry and RNA sequencing, we found that trophallactic fluid in the ant Camponotus floridanus contains a set of specific digestion- and non-digestion related proteins, as well as hydrocarbons, microRNAs, and a key developmental regulator, juvenile hormone. When C. floridanus workers' food was supplemented with this hormone, the larvae they reared via trophallaxis were twice as likely to complete metamorphosis and became larger workers. Comparison of trophallactic fluid proteins across social insect species revealed that many are regulators of growth, development and behavioral maturation. These results suggest that trophallaxis plays previously unsuspected roles in communication and enables communal control of colony phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adria C LeBoeuf
- Center for Integrative GenomicsUniversity of LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
- Department of Ecology and EvolutionUniversity of LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Patrice Waridel
- Protein Analysis FacilityUniversity of LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Colin S Brent
- Arid Land Agricultural Research Center, USDA-ARSMaricopaUnited States
| | - Andre N Gonçalves
- Department of Biochemistry and ImmunologyInstituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas GeraisMinas GeraisBrazil
- Gurdon InstituteUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUnited Kingdom
| | - Laure Menin
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and EngineeringEcole Polytechnique Fédérale de LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Daniel Ortiz
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and EngineeringEcole Polytechnique Fédérale de LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Oksana Riba-Grognuz
- Department of Ecology and EvolutionUniversity of LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Akiko Koto
- The Department of Genetics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical SciencesThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan
| | - Zamira G Soares
- Department of Biochemistry and ImmunologyInstituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas GeraisMinas GeraisBrazil
- Gurdon InstituteUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUnited Kingdom
| | - Eyal Privman
- Department of Evolutionary and Environmental Biology, Institute of EvolutionUniversity of HaifaHaifaIsrael
| | - Eric A Miska
- Gurdon InstituteUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUnited Kingdom
- Department of GeneticsUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUnited Kingdom
- Wellcome Trust Sanger InstituteWellcome Trust Genome CampusCambridgeUnited Kingdom
| | - Richard Benton
- Center for Integrative GenomicsUniversity of LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Laurent Keller
- Department of Ecology and EvolutionUniversity of LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
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4
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Mullin CA. Adaptive relationships of epoxide hydrolase in herbivorous arthropods. J Chem Ecol 2013; 14:1867-88. [PMID: 24277100 DOI: 10.1007/bf01013483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/1987] [Accepted: 03/15/1988] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Epoxide hydrolase catalyzes a simple hydrolysis of reactive cyclic ethers that may otherwise alkylate and impair critical proteins and nucleic acids required for life. Although much less studied than the cytochrome P-450 monooxygenases that produce epoxides, differences in subcellular, tissue, pH, substrate, and inhibitor specificities argue for at least three forms of insect epoxide hydrolase. Increasing numbers of epoxides are being identified as plant allelochemicals, antifeedants, and essential hormones or precursors for herbivorous arthropods, and in many cases an associated alkene to diol pathway of metabolism is found. A role for epoxide hydrolase in arthropod-plant interactions is strongly supported by species comparisons and by age-activity and induction studies. Two major limitations for study in biochemical ecology of epoxide hydrolase are the lack of an effective in vivo inhibitor and a range of commercially available radiolabeled substrates for the enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- C A Mullin
- Department of Entomology Pesticide Research Laboratory and Graduate Study Center, The Pennsylvania State University, 16802, University Park, Pennsylvania
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5
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The dityrosine cross-link as an intrinsic donor for assembling FRET pairs in the study of protein structure. Biophys Chem 2012; 170:1-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpc.2012.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2012] [Revised: 07/06/2012] [Accepted: 07/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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6
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Bystranowska D, Szewczuk Z, Lisowski M, Sitkiewicz E, Dobryszycki P, Ożyhar A, Kochman M. Intramolecular cross-linking in the native JHBP molecule. Arch Biochem Biophys 2012; 517:12-9. [PMID: 22086120 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2011.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2011] [Revised: 10/31/2011] [Accepted: 10/31/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Juvenile hormone binding protein (JHBP) acts as a shuttle, carrying one of the most crucial hormones for insect development to target tissues. We have found that although the JHBP molecule does not contain tryptophan residues, it exhibits a weak fluorescence maximum near 420nm upon excitation at 315nm. Gel filtration experiments performed in denaturing conditions and ESI-MS analyses excluded the possibility that some low molecular ligand was bound to the protein molecules. Further UV and CD spectroscopy studies, as well as immunoblotting, showed that the unusual JHBP optical properties were due to dityrosine intramolecular cross-linking. These bridges were detected both in native and recombinant protein molecules. We believe that in Galleria mellonella hemolymph the DT generation occurs via ROS-mediated oxidation leading to the formation of cross-linked JHBP monomers. MS analyses of peptides generated after JHBP proteolysis indicated, that the dityrosine bridge occurs between the Y128 and Y130 residues.
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7
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Winiarska B, Dwornik A, Dębski J, Grzelak K, Bystranowska D, Zalewska M, Dadlez M, Ożyhar A, Kochman M. N-linked glycosylation of G. mellonella juvenile hormone binding protein - comparison of recombinant mutants expressed in P. pastoris cells with native protein. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2011; 1814:610-21. [PMID: 21315851 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2011.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2010] [Revised: 01/28/2011] [Accepted: 02/01/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Juvenile hormone (JH) regulates insect growth and development. JH present in the hemolymph is bound to juvenile hormone binding protein (hJHBP) which protects JH from degradation. In G. mellonella, this protein is glycosylated only at one (Asn(94)) of the two potential N-linked glycosylation sites (Asn(4) and Asn(94)). To investigate the function of glycosylation, each of the two potential glycosylation sites in the rJHBP molecule was examined by site-directed mutagenesis. MS analysis revealed that rJHBP overexpressed in the P. pastoris system may appear in a non-glycosylated as well as in a glycosylated form at both sites. We found that mutation at position Asn(94) reduces the level of protein secretion whereas mutation at the Asn(4) site has no effect on protein secretion. Purified rJHBP and its mutated forms (N4W and N94A) have the same JH binding activities similar to that of hJHBP. However, both mutants devoid of the carbohydrate chain are more susceptible to thermal inactivation. It is concluded that glycosylation of JHBP molecule is important for its thermal stability and secretion although it is not required for JH binding activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beata Winiarska
- Department of Biochemistry, Wrocław University of Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland
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8
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Kamita SG, Wogulis MD, Law CS, Morisseau C, Tanaka H, Huang H, Wilson DK, Hammock BD. Function of phenylalanine 259 and threonine 314 within the substrate binding pocket of the juvenile hormone esterase of Manduca sexta. Biochemistry 2010; 49:3733-42. [PMID: 20307057 PMCID: PMC3570046 DOI: 10.1021/bi901641x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Juvenile hormone (JH) is a key insect developmental hormone that is found at low nanomolar levels in larval insects. The methyl ester of JH is hydrolyzed in many insects by an esterase that shows high specificity for JH. We have previously determined a crystal structure of the JH esterase (JHE) of the tobacco hornworm Manduca sexta (MsJHE) [Wogulis, M., Wheelock, C. E., Kamita, S. G., Hinton, A. C., Whetstone, P. A., Hammock, B. D., and Wilson, D. K. (2006) Biochemistry 45, 4045-4057]. Our molecular modeling indicates that JH fits very tightly within the substrate binding pocket of MsJHE. This tight fit places two noncatalytic amino acid residues, Phe-259 and Thr-314, within the appropriate distance and geometry to potentially interact with the alpha,beta-unsaturated ester and epoxide, respectively, of JH. These residues are highly conserved in numerous biologically active JHEs. Kinetic analyses of mutants of Phe-259 or Thr-314 indicate that these residues contribute to the low K(M) that MsJHE shows for JH. This low K(M), however, comes at the cost of reduced substrate turnover. Neither nucleophilic attack of the resonance-stabilized ester by the catalytic serine nor the availability of a water molecule for attack of the acyl-enzyme intermediate appears to be a rate-determining step in the hydrolysis of JH by MsJHE. We hypothesize that the release of the JH acid metabolite from the substrate binding pocket limits the catalytic cycle. Our findings also demonstrate that chemical bond strength does not necessarily correlate with how reactive the bond will be to metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Bruce D. Hammock
- To whom correspondence may be addressed. . Phone: (530) 752-7519. Fax: (530) 752-1537
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9
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Wheelock CE, Miller JL, Miller MJ, Phillips BM, Gee SJ, Tjeerdema RS, Hammock BD. Influence of container adsorption upon observed pyrethroid toxicity to Ceriodaphnia dubia and Hyalella azteca. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2005; 74:47-52. [PMID: 15951033 PMCID: PMC1450256 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2005.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2004] [Revised: 01/27/2005] [Accepted: 04/28/2005] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Pyrethroid insecticides are known for their potential toxicity to aquatic invertebrates and many fish species. A significant problem in the study of pyrethroid toxicity is their extreme hydrophobicity. They can adsorb to test container surfaces and many studies, therefore, report pyrethroid levels as nominal water concentrations. In this study, pyrethroid adsorption to sampling and test containers was measured and several container treatments were examined for their ability to decrease pyrethroid adsorption. None of the chemical treatments were successful at preventing pyrethroid loss from aqueous samples, but vortexing of containers served to resuspend pyrethroids. The effects of the observed adsorption on Ceriodaphnia dubia and Hyalella azteca permethrin toxicity were examined. Species-specific results showed a time-dependent decrease in toxicity following pyrethroid adsorption to test containers for C. dubia, but not for H. azteca. These results demonstrate that pyrethroid adsorption to containers can significantly affect the observed outcome in toxicity-testing and serves as a caution for researchers and testing laboratories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Craig E Wheelock
- Department of Entomology and Cancer Research Center, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
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10
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Orth AP, Tauchman SJ, Doll SC, Goodman WG. Embryonic expression of juvenile hormone binding protein and its relationship to the toxic effects of juvenile hormone in Manduca sexta. INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2003; 33:1275-1284. [PMID: 14599499 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2003.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The juvenile hormones (JHs) regulate a diverse array of insect developmental and reproductive processes. One molecular target of JH action is its transporter, hemolymph JH binding protein (hJHBP); in the larva of the tobacco hornworm, Manduca sexta, low doses of JH can immediately increase hJHBP gene expression. Less explored are the effects of JH on embryological development, where early hormonal treatment has been shown to affect embryonic development and pupation. This study examines the egg form of JHBP and its gene expression during embryogenesis of M. sexta, as well as the phenotypic effect JH treatment has on embryos and on JHBP gene expression. We here demonstrate that the preponderance of JHBP found in the egg is maternally derived and that the embryonic gene and protein appear identical to those found in the larva. Expression of the JHBP gene begins in both the embryo itself and extra-embryonic tissues 15 h after fertilization, long before emergence of a functional fat body and circulatory system. Topical application of low JH doses to early embryos resulted in larval abnormalities while high doses of the hormone induced embryonic mortality. These effects are not mediated through regulation of the JHBP gene, since embryonic expression appears invariant in response to JH challenge. The toxicity of JH is tightly correlated with the concentration of unbound hormone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony P Orth
- Department of Entomology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 237 Russell Labs, 1630 Linden Drive, Madison, WI 53706, USA
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11
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Severson TF, Goodrow MH, Morisseau C, Dowdy DL, Hammock BD. Urea and amide-based inhibitors of the juvenile hormone epoxide hydrolase of the tobacco hornworm (Manduca sexta: Sphingidae). INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2002; 32:1741-1756. [PMID: 12429126 DOI: 10.1016/s0965-1748(02)00115-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
A new class of inhibitors of juvenile hormone epoxide hydrolase (JHEH) of Manduca sexta and further in vitro characterization of the enzyme are reported. The compounds are based on urea and amide pharmacophores that were previously demonstrated as effective inhibitors of mammalian soluble and microsomal epoxide hydrolases. The best inhibitors against JHEH activity so far within this class are N-[(Z)-9-octadecenyl]-N'-propylurea and N-hexadecyl-N'-propylurea, which inhibited hydrolysis of a surrogate substrate (t-DPPO) with an IC(50) around 90 nM. The importance of substitution number and type was investigated and results indicated that N, N'-disubstitution with asymmetric alkyl groups was favored. Potencies of pharmacophores decreased as follows: amide>urea>carbamate>carbodiimide>thiourea and thiocarbamate for N, N'-disubstituted compounds with symmetric substituents, and urea>amide>carbamate for compounds with asymmetric N, N'-substituents. JHEH hydrolyzes t-DPPO with a K(m) of 65.6 microM and a V(max) of 59 nmol min(-1) mg(-1) and has a substantially lower K(m) of 3.6 microM and higher V(max) of 322 nmol min(-1) mg(-1) for JH III. Although none of these compounds were potent inhibitors of hydrolysis of JH III by JHEH, they are the first leads toward inhibitors of JHEH that are not potentially subject to metabolism through epoxide degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tonya F Severson
- Department of Entomology and Cancer Research Center, University of California, Davis, 95616, USA
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12
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Maxwell RA, Welch WH, Schooley DA. Juvenile hormone diol kinase. I. Purification, characterization, and substrate specificity of juvenile hormone-selective diol kinase from Manduca sexta. J Biol Chem 2002; 277:21874-81. [PMID: 11909871 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m201510200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Manduca sexta juvenile hormone diol kinase (JHDK) catalyzes the conversion of juvenile hormone (JH) diol to JH diol phosphate. JHDK may be the first example of a phosphotransferase directly involved in the catabolism and inactivation of a lipid-soluble hormone. JHDK is an enzyme crucial for secondary metabolism of JH and possesses high specificity and catalytic efficiency for JH diol. In this study, the purification and characterization of native JHDK are described; its enzymatic properties are examined; and its role in cellular JH metabolism is explored. Using a variety of potential substrates, we show that JHDK has a preference for ATP, but will catalyze the formation of JH diol phosphate with GTP as the phosphate donor. JHDK has a nanomolar K(m) for JH I diol and a low micromolar value for MgATP. JH II and III diols also serve as phosphate acceptors with low micromolar K(m), whereas other diol derivatives of terpenoid esters structurally similar to JH metabolites are not phosphorylated. The reaction proceeds via a sequential Bi Bi mechanism. JHDK is active as a homodimer with a subunit molecular mass of 20 kDa. JHDK binds 5'-p-fluorosulfonylbenzoyladenosine and is inhibited by micromolar levels of Ca2+.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert A Maxwell
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada 89557, USA
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13
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Krzyzanowska D, Ozyhar A, Lalik A, Parkitna JM, Szkudlarek J, Waśniowska K, Lisowska E, Kochman M. Juvenile hormone binding protein and transferrin from Galleria mellonella share a similar structural motif. Biol Chem 2001; 382:1027-37. [PMID: 11530933 DOI: 10.1515/bc.2001.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
It has been previously suggested that juvenile hormone binding protein(s) (JHBP) belongs to a new class of proteins. In the search for other protein(s) that may contain structural motifs similar to those found in JHBP, hemolymph from Galleria mellonella (Lepidoptera) was chromatographed over a Sephadex G-200 column and resulting fractions were subjected to SDS-PAGE, transferred onto nitrocellulose membrane and scanned with a monoclonal antibody, mAb 104, against hemolymph JHBP. Two proteins yielded a positive reaction with mAb 104, one corresponding to JHBP and the second corresponding to a transferrin, as judged from N-terminal amino acid sequencing staining. Transferrin was purified to about 80% homogeneity using a two-step procedure including Sephadex G-200 gel filtration and HPLC MonoQ column chromatography. Panning of a random peptide display library and analysis with immobilized synthetic peptides were applied for finding a common epitope present in JHBP and the transferrin molecule. The postulated epitope motif recognized by mAb 104 in the JHBP sequence is RDTKAVN, and is localized at position 82-88.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Krzyzanowska
- Division of Biochemistry, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Wrocław University of Technology, Poland
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Gilbert LI, Granger NA, Roe RM. The juvenile hormones: historical facts and speculations on future research directions. INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2000; 30:617-644. [PMID: 10876106 DOI: 10.1016/s0965-1748(00)00034-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 270] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- L I Gilbert
- Department of Biology, Campus Box #3280 Coker Hall, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3280, USA.
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15
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Sevala V, Shu S, Ramaswamy SB, Schal C. Lipophorin of female Blattella germanica (L.): characterization and relation to hemolymph titers of juvenile hormone and hydrocarbons. JOURNAL OF INSECT PHYSIOLOGY 1999; 45:431-441. [PMID: 12770326 DOI: 10.1016/s0022-1910(98)00142-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
High density lipophorin (HDLp) from the hemolymph of the German cockroach, Blattella germanica (L.) (Family Blattellidae), has an apparent molecular weight of 670kDa, with an isoelectric point of 7.0 and a density of 1.109g/ml. It is composed of two subunits, apolipoprotein-I (212kDa) and apolipoprotein-II (80kDa), and consists of 51.4% lipid, 46.2% protein and 2.4% carbohydrate. Hydrocarbons constitute 42.2% of the total lipids which also contain diacylglycerol, cholesterol and phospholipid. Lipophorin is rich in the amino acids glutamic acid, aspartic acid, lysine, valine, and leucine. Specificity of a polyclonal antibody was demonstrated by Western blotting and Ouchterlony immunodiffusion: the antiserum recognized native HDLp and apolipoprotein-I, but not apolipoprotein-II, purified vitellin, or other hemolymph proteins. It also recognized a protein in the hemolymph of Supella longipalpa (Blattellidae) but did not cross-react with hemolymph proteins from Periplaneta americana (Blattidae) or Diploptera punctata (Blaberidae). An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was developed to measure the HDLp titer in the hemolymph of adult females. The titer of HDLp, a juvenile hormone binding protein, exhibited no clear relationship to the changing titer of juvenile hormone in hemolymph. The hemolymph titer of hydrocarbon, which is also carried by HDLp, showed some functional relation to the concentration of HDLp in the hemolymph. Because it concurrently serves multiple functions in insect development and reproduction, lipophorin titer might covary with the titers of lipid ligands that occur at high concentrations and require extensive shuttling through the hemolymph.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Sevala
- Department of Entomology, North Carolina State University, Box 7613, Raleigh, USA
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Abstract
Multiple carboxylesterases (EC 3.1.1.1) play an important role in the hydrolytic biotransformation of a vast number of structurally diverse drugs. These enzymes are major determinants of the pharmacokinetic behavior of most therapeutic agents containing ester or amide bonds. Carboxylesterase activity can be influenced by interactions of a variety of compounds either directly or at the level of enzyme regulation. Since a significant number of drugs are metabolized by carboxylesterase, altering the activity of this enzyme class has important clinical implications. Drug elimination decreases and the incidence of drug-drug interactions increases when two or more drugs compete for hydrolysis by the same carboxylesterase isozyme. Exposure to environmental pollutants or to lipophilic drugs can result in induction of carboxylesterase activity. Therefore, the use of drugs known to increase the microsomal expression of a particular carboxylesterase, and thus to increase associated drug hydrolysis capacity in humans, requires caution. Mammalian carboxylesterases represent a multigene family, the products of which are localized in the endoplasmic reticulum of many tissues. A comparison of the nucleotide and amino acid sequence of the mammalian carboxylesterases shows that all forms expressed in the rat can be assigned to one of three gene subfamilies with structural identities of more than 70% within each subfamily. Considerable confusion exists in the scientific community in regards to a systematic nomenclature and classification of mammalian carboxylesterase. Until recently, adequate sequence information has not been available such that valid links among the mammalian carboxylesterase gene family or evolutionary relationships could be established. However, sufficient basic data are now available to support such a novel classification system.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Satoh
- Laboratory of Biochemical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Japan.
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17
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Glinka AV, Braun RP, Edwards JP, Wyatt GR. The use of a juvenile hormone binding protein for the quantitative assay of juvenile hormone. INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 1995; 25:775-781. [PMID: 7633465 DOI: 10.1016/0965-1748(94)00098-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The suitability of the haemolymph juvenile hormone binding protein (JHBP) of Locusta migratoria for use in a competition assay for juvenile hormone (JH) III has been investigated, and a simple quantitative assay procedure using this protein has been developed. JHBP partially purified from haemolymph of precocene treated adult locusts gives rapid and stable binding of [3H]10R-JH III, and can be separated from the unbound hormone with hydroxylapatite (HAP). The sensitivity of the method is such that 0.15 pmol (40 pg) 10R-JH III gives 50% displacement of [3H]10R-JH III from the binding protein. Competition by JH II is about 5 times less and JH I about 10 times less than that by JH III, JH III diol and acid compete at least 1000 times less strongly. A procedure for extraction and assay of JH from 50 microliters haemolymph samples is described, the interference by non-specific haemolymph components is shown to be relatively small, and some data on JH III titres in maturing adult locusts are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- A V Glinka
- Department of Biology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
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18
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Prestwich GD, Touhara K, Riddiford LM, Hammock BD. Larva lights: a decade of photoaffinity labeling with juvenile hormone analogues. INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 1994; 24:747-761. [PMID: 7981725 DOI: 10.1016/0965-1748(94)90104-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The introduction of photoaffinity labeling into the mode of action of insect hormones and pheromones started 12 yr ago with the photoaffinity labeling of juvenile hormone binding proteins (JHBPs) from cockroaches in the laboratory of the late John K. Koeppe. Applying this technique to Manduca sexta led ultimately to a three-laboratory collaborative project that has begun to dissect the molecular basis for JH transport, metabolism, and nuclear binding and gene activation in Lepidoptera. This review provides (1) a history of the first experiments; (2) an idea of the breadth of the technique in the arthropod classes Insecta, Crustacea, and Arachnida; and (3) evidence for the depth of the technique in unearthing key details about three different types of the molecular action of JH in M. sexta.
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Affiliation(s)
- G D Prestwich
- Department of Chemistry, University at Stony Brook, NY 11794-3400
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19
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Hammock BD, McCutchen BF, Beetham J, Choudary PV, Fowler E, Ichinose R, Ward VK, Vickers JM, Bonning BC, Harshman LG. Development of recombinant viral insecticides by expression of an insect-specific toxin and insect-specific enzyme in nuclear polyhedrosis viruses. ARCHIVES OF INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 1993; 22:315-344. [PMID: 8467099 DOI: 10.1002/arch.940220303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
As supplements to classical chemical insecticides, two approaches to develop recombinant baculovirus insecticides are described. In one approach an insect-specific toxin is expressed leading to a dramatic reduction in time to death. In the second approach an insect juvenile hormone esterase is expressed which leads to a reduction in feeding. Modifications of the wildtype esterase led to viruses which reduced the time to death as effectively as did the toxin-expressing virus. In both cases existing recombinant viruses are viewed as leads, and approaches to further improvement in the engineered viruses are suggested. Many of these approaches are based on analogy with the development of classical synthetic insecticides. Using these viruses as examples, the potential utility and limitations of recombinant viruses and other biological insecticides are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- B D Hammock
- Department of Entomology, University of California, Davis 95616
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20
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Halarnkar PP, Nourooz-Zadeh J, Kuwano E, Jones AD, Hammock BD. Formation of cyclic products from the diepoxide of long-chain fatty esters by cytosolic epoxide hydrolase. Arch Biochem Biophys 1992; 294:586-93. [PMID: 1567214 DOI: 10.1016/0003-9861(92)90729-g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Since diepoxides are known metabolites of polyunsaturated fatty acids, the action of the cytosolic epoxide hydrolase purified from liver tissue was examined on these diepoxides. Diepoxymethylstearate was metabolized to the corresponding tetraol by high concentrations of affinity-purified cytosolic epoxide hydrolase. When the enzyme was diluted (1000- to 2000-fold), disappearance of the tetraol metabolite occurred simultaneously with formation of other hydration products with GC retention times and chromatographic mobilities different from those of the tetraol. The hydration products were identified as tetrahydrofuran diols based on comparison of chromatographic properties and mass spectral information with the properties and spectra of chemically generated products. Also, a mixture of diepoxymethylarachidonates was hydrated to tetraols using concentrated enzyme. As the enzyme was diluted (1000- to 2000-fold), a decrease in tetraol formation occurred along with the elevation of other hydration products whose mass spectra were consistent with tetrahydrofuran diol structures. These data are consistent with the epoxide hydrolase at low concentrations acting to open one epoxide followed by nonenzymatic cyclization to the tetrahydrofuran diols. The data also suggest that oxygenated lipids may be endogenous substrates for the cytosolic epoxide hydrolase. Since some oxylipins are known chemical mediators, the in vivo presence and role of these novel diols and tetrahydrofuran diols should be examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- P P Halarnkar
- Department of Entomology, University of California, Davis 95616
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21
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Casas J, Harshman LG, Messeguer A, Kuwano E, Hammock BD. In vitro metabolism of juvenile hormone III and juvenile hormone III bisepoxide by Drosophila melanogaster and mammalian cytosolic epoxide hydrolase. Arch Biochem Biophys 1991; 286:153-8. [PMID: 1910282 DOI: 10.1016/0003-9861(91)90021-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
In vitro metabolism of juvenile hormone III (JH III) and juvenile hormone III bisepoxide was investigated using purified mouse liver cytosolic epoxide hydrolase (cEH) and cell fractions from Drosophila melanogaster. JH III was metabolized faster than JH III bisepoxide by epoxide hydrolase activity in D. melanogaster cell fractions and by cEH. After incubation with JH III bisepoxide, all cell fractions and cEH produced epoxy-diol, cis- and trans-tetrahydrofuran-diols, and tetraol as metabolites. An increase in the concentration of cEH resulted in an increase in the proportion of tetraol as a JH III bisepoxide metabolite but this trend was not observed in the D. melanogaster cell fractions. Differences between cell fractions in the metabolism of JH III and JH III bisepoxide suggests the presence of juvenile hormone epoxide hydrolase isozymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Casas
- Department of Entomology, University of California, Davis 95616
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22
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Okot-Kotber B, Prestwich GD. Identification of a juvenile hormone binding protein in the castes of the termite, Reticulitermes flavipes, by photoaffinity labeling. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1991. [DOI: 10.1016/0020-1790(91)90119-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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23
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Cloning and sequencing of a cDNA for the hemolymph juvenile hormone binding protein of larval Manduca sexta. J Biol Chem 1990. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(17)45443-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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24
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Richard DS, Applebaum SW, Sliter TJ, Baker FC, Schooley DA, Reuter CC, Henrich VC, Gilbert LI. Juvenile hormone bisepoxide biosynthesis in vitro by the ring gland of Drosophila melanogaster: a putative juvenile hormone in the higher Diptera. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1989; 86:1421-5. [PMID: 2493154 PMCID: PMC286704 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.86.4.1421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The in vitro production of juvenile hormone (JH) was investigated by using isolated ring glands from third instar Drosophila melanogaster. A JH-like molecule is secreted that comigrates with a synthetic sample of methyl 6,7;10,11-bisepoxy-3,7,11-trimethyl-(2E)-dodecenoate (JHB3) during TLC, liquid chromatography, and GC analysis. Purified product from farnesoic acid-stimulated ring glands was analyzed by electron impact GC/MS and gave a mass spectrum identical to synthetic JHB3. Additional structure confirmation was obtained following conversion of product from unstimulated biosynthesis to a derivative that comigrated on liquid chromatography with the derivative prepared from synthetic JHB3. Physiological studies revealed that JHB3 is produced solely by the corpus allatum portion of the ring gland in vitro. Isolated ring glands from other cyclorrhaphous dipteran larvae also produce JHB3 almost exclusively in vitro. Corpora allata from mosquito larvae, however, produce only JH III, indicating that JHB3 production may be restricted to the higher Diptera. Topically applied synthetic JHB3 caused developmental responses in newly formed D. melanogaster white puparia similar to those obtained with JH III. The data suggest that JHB3 is a fly juvenile hormone.
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Affiliation(s)
- D S Richard
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 27599-3280
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25
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Share MR, Roe RM. A partition assay for the simultaneous determination of insect juvenile hormone esterase and epoxide hydrolase activity. Anal Biochem 1988; 169:81-8. [PMID: 3369690 DOI: 10.1016/0003-2697(88)90257-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
A partition assay was developed to measure insect juvenile hormone (JH) I and III metabolism in biological samples containing both JH esterase and JH epoxide hydrolase activity. The assay utilizes commercially available radiochain 3H-labeled JH as substrate and the selective JH esterase inhibitor 3-octylthio-1,1,1-trifluoro-2-propanone. JH partitions into an isooctane phase and the metabolites JH acid, JH diol, and JH diol-acid into aqueous methanol after incubation of JH substrate with inhibited and uninhibited sample. The assay provides a time- and cost-efficient alternative to the currently available thin-layer chromatography method for the measurement of JH esterase and epoxide hydrolase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- M R Share
- Department of Entomology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh 27695-7613
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26
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Abdel-Aal YA, Hammock BD. Kinetics of binding and hydrolysis of juvenile hormone II in the hemolymph of Trichoplusia ni (Hübner). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1988. [DOI: 10.1016/0020-1790(88)90084-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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27
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King L, Tobe S. The identification of an enantioselective JH III binding protein from the haemolymph of the cockroach, Diploptera punctata. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1988. [DOI: 10.1016/0020-1790(88)90103-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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28
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Characterization and the developmental role of plasma juvenile hormone esterase in the adult cabbage looper, Trichoplusia ni. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1988. [DOI: 10.1016/0020-1790(88)90036-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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29
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A high affinity, high molecular weight juvenile hormone binding protein in the hemolymph of Drosophila melanogaster. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1988. [DOI: 10.1016/0020-1790(88)90077-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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30
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Roe RM, Crawford CL, Clifford CW, Woodring JP, Sparks TC, Hammock BD. Characterization of the Juvenile Hormone Esterases During Embryogenesis of the House Cricket,Acheta domesticus. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1987. [DOI: 10.1080/01688170.1987.10510302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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31
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32
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Biosynthesis and degradation of juvenile hormone in corpora allata and imaginal wing discs of Galleria mellonella (L.). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1987. [DOI: 10.1016/0020-1790(87)90167-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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33
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Renucci M. Juvenile hormone degradation in nerve tissues and fat body of female Acheta domesticus (insecta, orthoptera). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1986. [DOI: 10.1016/0300-9629(86)90049-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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34
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35
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3-octylthio-1,1,1-trifluoro-2-propanone, a high affinity and slow binding inhibitor of juvenile hormone esterase from Trichoplusia ni (hübner). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1985. [DOI: 10.1016/0020-1790(85)90051-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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36
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Goodman WG. Relative hemolymph juvenile hormone binding capacity during larval, pupal and adult development in Manduca sexta. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1985. [DOI: 10.1016/0020-1790(85)90115-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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37
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Rudnicka M, Kochman M. Purification of the juvenile hormone esterase from the haemolymph of the wax moth Galleria mellonella (lepidoptera). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1984. [DOI: 10.1016/0020-1790(84)90029-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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38
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Juvenile hormone esterases of Lepidoptera II. Isoelectric points and binding affinities of hemolymph juvenile hormone esterase and binding protein activities. J Comp Physiol B 1984. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00684148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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39
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Juvenile hormone metabolism, binding and esterase activities in the haemolymph of the adult monarch butterfly (Danaus p. plexippus L.: Lepidoptera). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1984. [DOI: 10.1016/0020-1790(84)90101-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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40
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41
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Abstract
Binding of 3H-labeled juvenile hormone (JH) to cytosol components of fat body from adult female Locusta migratoria, a tissue in which JH stimulates vitellogenin synthesis, has been characterized. Protein-bound JH is separated from unbound hormone with hydroxyapatite, which is found to provide a more sensitive and less variable assay than use of dextran-coated charcoal. By chromatography on DEAE-cellulose, three JH-binding components have been separated from cytosol. BP-I exhibited relatively stable binding with little degradation of the hormone, gave a Kd for JH-I by Scatchard analysis of 1.69 X 10(-8) M, and binding of JH-I was competed by JH-I and several synthetic JH analogs in an order corresponding to their JH activities. These characteristics suggest that BP-I may be a cytoplasmic JH receptor. BP-II, a minor component, also bound JH-I stably, but competition by analogs was not correlated with their hormone activity. BP-III caused rapid degradation of JH to JH acid and may be an esterase.
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42
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Beckage NE, Riddiford LM. Effects of parasitism by Apanteles congregatus on the endocrine physiology of the tobacco hornworm Manduca sexta. Gen Comp Endocrinol 1982; 47:308-22. [PMID: 7106552 DOI: 10.1016/0016-6480(82)90238-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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43
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Juvenile hormone carrier protein of Manduca sexta haemolymph. Improved purification procedure; protein modification studies and sequence of the amino terminus of the protein. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1982. [DOI: 10.1016/0020-1790(82)90051-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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44
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45
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Rabindra R, Balasubramanian M, Jayaraj S. The effects of Farinocystis tribolii on the growth and development of the flour beetle Tribolium castaneum. J Invertebr Pathol 1981. [DOI: 10.1016/0022-2011(81)90100-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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46
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Preparation of homogeneous juvenile hormone specific esterase from the haemolymph of the tobacco hornworm, Manduca sexta. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1981. [DOI: 10.1016/0020-1790(81)90080-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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47
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Wing KD, Sparks TC, Lovell VM, Levinson SO, Hammock BD. The distribution of juvenile hormone esterase and its interrelationship with other proteins influencing juvenile hormone metabolism in the cabbage looper, Trichoplusia ni. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1981. [DOI: 10.1016/0020-1790(81)90083-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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48
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Gilbert LI, Bollenbacher WE, Goodman W, Smith SL, Agui N, Granger N, Sedlak BJ. Hormones controlling insect metamorphosis. RECENT PROGRESS IN HORMONE RESEARCH 1980; 36:401-449. [PMID: 6251519 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-571136-4.50017-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
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49
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McCaleb DC, Reddy G, Krishna Kumaran A. Some properties of the haemolymph juvenile hormone esterases in Galleria mellonella larvae and Tenebrio molitor pupae. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1980. [DOI: 10.1016/0020-1790(80)90022-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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50
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Granger NA, Bollenbacher WE, Vince R, Gilbert LI, Baehr JC, Dray F. In vitro biosynthesis of juvenile hormone by the larval corpora allata of Manduca sexta: quantificationby radioimmunoassay. Mol Cell Endocrinol 1979; 16:1-17. [PMID: 499652 DOI: 10.1016/0303-7207(79)90002-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
An in vitro method has been developed for the investigation of the regulation of juvenile hormone biosynthesis by insect corpora allata. Glands were maintained in Marks medium 19AB and JH synthesis quantified by a modified radioimmunoassay for juvenile hormone I. The radioimmunoassay is specific for JH I and exhibits approximately 12.6% cross reactivity with JH II and no cross reactivity with JH III. The assay directly measures the JH present in culture medium and has a maximum sensitivity of 50 pg JH I equivalents. Corpora allata from day 5 last instar Manduca sexta larvae were used to define the kinetics parameters of the in vitro system, including a demonstration that small groups of right and left glands synthesize equivalent amounts of juvenile hormone. The juvenile hormones synthesized were identified as juvenile hormones I and II in a ratio of 1:4, respectively. Juvenile hormone III could not be excluded as a product of the corpora allata owing to the low cross reactivity of this homolog (1.7%) in the radioimmunoassay. Corpora allata from different developmental stages exhibited synthesis rates generally consistent with predicted activity based on in vivo hormone titers with the exception of day 5 of the last instar. The variation in gland activity relative to the control of juvenile hormone titer in vivo is discussed.
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