1
|
Cavalloro V, Soddu F, Baroni S, Robustelli della Cuna FS, Tavazzi E, Martino E, Collina S. Teodorico Borgognoni's Formulary for Thirteenth Century Anesthetic Preparations. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1913. [PMID: 37763316 PMCID: PMC10532452 DOI: 10.3390/life13091913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Teodorico Borgognoni was born in Lucca in 1205 and was appointed bishop of Bitonto and Cervia in 1262 and 1270. Following his father, he learned the art of surgery and collected relevant recipes in his most important work, entitled Cyrurgia seu filia principis. Among the disciplines reported in this work, the most interesting and innovative is anesthesia. The recipes in this field contribute to Borbognoni's consideration as the forerunner of modern anesthesia. Such recipes have been reported in other manuscripts from the Middle Ages, like Manuscript No. 1939. In the present work, we investigate the traditional preparations handed down in this manuscript, focusing on type of preparation and botanical ingredients. The results highlight that exploited ingredients can be divided into three groups: the first comprises plants already known for their narcotic effects, the second includes ingredients acting as an adjuvant for absorption or reducing the metabolism, and the last group includes ingredients not associated with biological activity to explain their presence in anesthetic recipes. This third group is of particular interest for future biological investigations. Our goal is to rekindle attention to the work of Teodorico Borgognoni on traditional preparation for anesthetic purposes: a topic often underestimated by ethnobotanical surveys.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Cavalloro
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Pavia, Via S. Epifanio 14, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
- NBFC, National Biodiversity Future Center, 90133 Palermo, Italy
| | - Francesca Soddu
- Neuroimmunology Laboratory, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Via Mondino 2, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Sandro Baroni
- Maimeri Foundation, Corso Cristoforo Colombo 15, 20144 Milano, Italy;
| | | | - Eleonora Tavazzi
- Multiple Sclerosis Centre, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Via Mondino 2, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Emanuela Martino
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Pavia, Via S. Epifanio 14, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
- NBFC, National Biodiversity Future Center, 90133 Palermo, Italy
| | - Simona Collina
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (F.S.R.d.C.); (S.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Bioenhancing effects of piperine and curcumin on triterpenoid pharmacokinetics and neurodegenerative metabolomes from Centella asiatica extract in beagle dogs. Sci Rep 2022; 12:20789. [PMID: 36456663 PMCID: PMC9715946 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-24935-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Centell-S is a water-soluble extract of Centella asiatica containing more than 80% w/w triterpenoid glycosides. Madecassoside and asiaticoside are two major components of the extract and can be converted into active metabolites, triterpenic acids in large mammal species. In this study, the pharmacokinetic profiles and metabolomic changes generated by the bioactive triterpenoids of Centell-S alone, and in combination with the bioenhancers piperine and curcumin, were investigated in beagle dogs. The test substances were orally administered over multiple doses for 7 consecutive days. At day 1 and 7 after receiving the test compounds, the level of major bioactive triterpenoids and related metabolites were measured using triple quadrupole and high-resolution accurate mass orbitrap models of LCMS to determine pharmacokinetic and metabolomic profiles, respectively. Centell-S was well tolerated, alone and in all combination groups. The combination of Centell-S and piperine significantly increased (p < 0.05) the systemic exposure of madecassoside on day 1 and asiatic acid on day 7, by approximately 1.5 to 3.0-fold of Cmax and AUC values as compared to the Centell-S alone, while the addition of curcumin did not provide a significant improvement. Several metabolomic changes were observed from pre-dose to 4 h post-dose, with some biomarkers of neurodegenerative diseases including L-glutamine, lysophosphatidylcholine (17:0), taurochenodeoxycholic acid, uric acid, stearic acid, palmitic acid, and lactic acid showing good correlation with the systemic exposure of the bioactive triterpenoids (asiatic acid). Thus, the combining of piperine to Centell-S exhibits the improvement of bioactive triterpenoids which are related to the biomarkers of neurodegenerative diseases. These promising results might be useful for the development of this standardised extract to become a more effective phytomedicine for neurodegenerative diseases.
Collapse
|
3
|
Sharma R, Jadhav M, Choudhary N, Kumar A, Rauf A, Gundamaraju R, AlAsmari AF, Ali N, Singla RK, Sharma R, Shen B. Deciphering the impact and mechanism of Trikatu, a spices-based formulation on alcoholic liver disease employing network pharmacology analysis and in vivo validation. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1063118. [PMID: 36466417 PMCID: PMC9709420 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1063118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Trikatu Churna (TC) comprising Zingiber officinale rhizome, Piper longum, and Piper nigrum fruit, is effective in treating liver diseases and has high nutraceutical values. However, the efficacy of TC in treating alcoholic liver disease (ALD) and its mechanism remain largely unknown. This study evaluated the hepatoprotective effects of different doses of TC as well as to identify the bioactive components and determine their mechanism of action against ethanol-induced ALD. A compound-target network analysis model of TC was established to identify its potential bioactive compounds and pathways that might regulate its hepatoprotective effects. Further, in-vivo studies were performed to validate the potential of TC (200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg b.w.) in the treatment and management of ALD. The study revealed that both the dosages of TC demonstrate significant (p > 0.0001) hepatoprotective effects by improving body weight, total bilirubin, serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT), serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT), serum alkaline phosphate (ALP), total cholesterol, total protein, globulin, albumin, and liver morphology. The High-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) fingerprinting of TC showed the presence of piperine. Network pharmacology identifies the role of TC in regulating various signaling processes including Advanced glycation end products-receptor for advanced glycation end products (AGE-RAGE), Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIF-1), Nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-Kappa B), and Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt) signaling to exert its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anti-apoptotic role in managing ALD. Based on the bioinformatics analysis, some of the key targets of TC were found to be Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthase 2 (PTGS2) or Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), Sirtuin 1 (SRT1), and caspase-3. These effects may serve as a novel therapeutic option for the treatment of ALD. These preclinical validation studies for the ethnopharmacological potential of TC in ALD treatment further paved the way for researchers to perform next-level translational and clinical studies. Further, in-depth experimental studies for the validation of these bioinformatics-based results will give a clearer picture of mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruchi Sharma
- Department of Rasa Shastra and Bhaishajya Kalpana, Faculty of Ayurveda, Institute of Medical Sciences, BHU, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mangala Jadhav
- Department of Rasa Shastra and Bhaishajya Kalpana, R. A. Podar Ayurvedic Medical College, Mumbai, India
| | - Neha Choudhary
- Centre for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Central University of Himachal Pradesh, Dharamsala, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Arun Kumar
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences (INMAS), Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO), New Delhi, India
| | - Abdur Rauf
- Department of Chemistry, University of Swabi, Anbar, Pakistan
| | - Rohit Gundamaraju
- ER Stress and Mucosal Immunology Lab, School of Health Sciences, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Launceston, TAS, Australia
| | - Abdullah F. AlAsmari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nemat Ali
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rajeev K. Singla
- Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Rohit Sharma
- Department of Rasa Shastra and Bhaishajya Kalpana, Faculty of Ayurveda, Institute of Medical Sciences, BHU, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Bairong Shen
- Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Yadav SS, Singh MK, Hussain S, Dwivedi P, Khattri S, Singh K. Therapeutic spectrum of piperine for clinical practice: a scoping review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 63:5813-5840. [PMID: 34996326 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.2024792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Translation of traditional knowledge of herbs into a viable product for clinical use is still an uphill task. Piperine, a pungent alkaloid molecule derived from Piper nigrum and Piper longum possesses diverse pharmacological effects. Traditionally, pepper is used for arthritis, bronchitis, gastritis, diarrhea, snake bite, menstrual pain, fever, and bacterial infections, etc. The anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and immunomodulatory actions of piperine are the possible mechanisms behind its therapeutic potential. Various in-silico and experimental studies have shown piperine as a possible promising molecule in coronavirus disease (COVID-19), ebola, and dengue due to its immunomodulatory and antiviral activities. The other important clinical applications of piperine are due to its bio enhancing effect on drugs, by modulating, absorption in the gastrointestinal tract, altering activities of transporters like p-glycoprotein substrates, and modulating drug metabolism by altering the expression of cytochrome P450 or UDP-glucuronosyltransferase enzymes. Piperine attracted clinicians in treating patients with arthritis, metabolic syndrome, diabetes, skin infections, gastric and liver disorders. This review focused on systematic, evidence-based insight into the use of piperine in clinical settings and mechanistic details behind its therapeutic actions. Also, highlights a number of clinical trials of piperine at various stages exploring its clinical application in cancer, neurological, respiratory, and viral disease, etc.
Collapse
|
5
|
Javed D, Dixit AK. Is Trikatu; an ayurvedic formulation effective for the management of flu-like illness? A narrative review. JOURNAL OF COMPLEMENTARY & INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 19:193-202. [PMID: 34081846 DOI: 10.1515/jcim-2020-0485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this review is to summarise and appraise the findings of various studies on Trikatu. CONTENT COVID-19 or SARS-CoV-2 disease a pandemic principally contaminating the respiratory tract and bringing about Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome is liable for significant mortality around the world. Far-fetched, there is no exact treatment accessible till today. Consequently, it is critical to discover the alternative methodology which can decrease the weight of illness. Trikatu powder recommended by authorities for the management of mild cases of COVID-19 is a conventional ayurvedic formulation containing three spices; Zingiber officinale, Piper nigrum, and Piper longum. A comprehensive search of the articles published since inception to 01/08/2020 on Trikatu was carried out. Major electronic medical databases such as Pub Med/MEDLINE and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews were used for the literature search. SUMMARY A total of 21 records were identified by electronic searches between since inception to 01/08/2020 of which 13 records were included for review. The reviewed articles highlight Trikatu as a safe, anti-inflammatory, and immune-modulatory property by suppression of the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-a, IL-1b, IL-6, IL-17, alteration in levels of circulating immune complexes, anti-dyslipidaemia agent by reduced triglycerides and LDL cholesterol and increased HDL cholesterol, enhancing bio-availability of co-drug by reducing the elimination half-life (t1/2β) and zero time intercept of the elimination phase. OUTLOOK The findings of this review seem to show Trikatu as a potential anti-inflammatory, anti-dyslipidaemia, and immune-modulatory ayurvedic formulation can be used for combating flu like illnesses and also in the management of COVID-19 as an adjuvant. However, rigorous double blind randomized controlled trials with larger sample size are warranted for better validation in such clinical conditions. HIGHLIGHTS – COVID-19 has affected the lives of millions worldwide and unfortunately no precise treatment available till today.
– Trikatu an ayurvedic formulation suggested by various authorities in India.
– Trikatu found to be a potential anti-inflammatory; anti-dyslipidaemia and immune-modulatory drug can be used for combating flu like illnesses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Danish Javed
- Department of AYUSH, All India Institute of Medical Science, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Ashish Kumar Dixit
- Homoeopathy, All India Institute of Medical Science, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Chopra B, Dhingra AK, Prasad DN, Bhardwaj S, Dubey S. Synthesis and In Silico Molecular Docking Studies on Substituted Piperic Acid Derivatives as Inhibitors of Bacterial DNA Gyrase. Curr Comput Aided Drug Des 2020; 16:281-294. [DOI: 10.2174/1573409915666190710092032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2018] [Revised: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Background:
Piperine or piperic acid was isolated from fruits of Piper nigrum and had been reported
as pharmacological valuable bioactive constituents. Keeping in view, a series of piperic acid-based
N heterocyclic’s derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for antibacterial activity. All these prepared
ligands were docked to study the molecular interactions and binding affinities against the protein PDB ID:
5 CDP.
Objective:
To meet the real need of newer antibacterials, we designed and synthesized scaffolds with good
antibacterial activity. The obtained antibacterials have been validated in terms of ligand-protein interaction
and thus prove to build up as good drug candidates.
Methods:
Antibacterial activity of the compounds were carried out against bacterial strains; three Grampositive
and three Gram-negative bacterial strains using agar well diffusion method. In silico molecular
docking studies were carried out using Glide (grid-based ligand docking) program incorporated in the
Schrödinger molecular modeling package by Maestro 11.0.
Results:
Compounds BC 28, BC 32, and BC 33 exhibits antibacterial activity along with Glide docking
score of -8.580, -9.753 kcal/mol, and -8.813 kcal/mol, respectively. Docking studies explained hydrogen
bonding, pi-pi, and hydrophobic interactions with amino acid residues which explain the binding affinity of
the most docked ligand with protein.
Conclusion:
In the present study, substituted piperic acid was synthesized and evaluated as antibacterial
compared with standard drug ciprofloxacin and results interpret that having nitrogen as heteroatom in the
heterocyclic nucleus found to be more potent than the standard drug ciprofloxacin. On comparing, substitution
with electron-donating groups generates excellent antibacterial potential against the bacterial strains. It
was also proved that having substitution with electron-donating groups on meta and para position with triazoline
ring system exhibits greater potential while compounds which have a meta- electron-donating substituent
showed lesser activity with thiazole nucleus. In addition, structure-based activities of the prepared
analogs were discussed under Structure-Activity Relationship (SAR) section.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bhawna Chopra
- Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar-135001, Haryana, India
| | - Ashwani K. Dhingra
- Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar-135001, Haryana, India
| | - Deo N. Prasad
- Shivalik College of Pharmacy, Nangal-140124, Punjab, India
| | - Sakshi Bhardwaj
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Krupanidhi College of Pharmacy, Chikkabellandur, Bangalore-560035, India
| | - Sonal Dubey
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Krupanidhi College of Pharmacy, Chikkabellandur, Bangalore-560035, India
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Piperine-A Major Principle of Black Pepper: A Review of Its Bioactivity and Studies. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/app9204270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Piperine is the main compound present in black pepper, and is the carrier of its specific pungent taste, which is responsible for centuries of human dietary utilization and worldwide popularity as a food ingredient. Along with the application as a food ingredient and food preservative, it is used in traditional medicine for many purposes, which has in most cases been justified by modern scientific studies on its biological effects. It has been confirmed that piperine has many bioactive effects, such as antimicrobial action, as well as many physiological effects that can contribute to general human health, including immunomodulatory, hepatoprotective, antioxidant, antimetastatic, antitumor, and many other activities. Clinical studies demonstrated remarkable antioxidant, antitumor, and drug availability-enhancing characteristics of this compound, together with immunomodulatory potential. All these facts point to the therapeutic potential of piperine and the need to incorporate this compound into general health-enhancing medical formulations, as well as into those that would be used as adjunctive therapy in order to enhance the bioavailability of various (chemo)therapeutic drugs.
Collapse
|
8
|
Rashid M, Malik MY, Singh SK, Chaturvedi S, Gayen JR, Wahajuddin M. Bioavailability Enhancement of Poorly Soluble Drugs: The Holy Grail in Pharma Industry. Curr Pharm Des 2019; 25:987-1020. [DOI: 10.2174/1381612825666190130110653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Background:
Bioavailability, one of the prime pharmacokinetic properties of a drug, is defined as the
fraction of an administered dose of unchanged drug that reaches the systemic circulation and is used to describe
the systemic availability of a drug. Bioavailability assessment is imperative in order to demonstrate whether the
drug attains the desirable systemic exposure for effective therapy. In recent years, bioavailability has become
the subject of importance in drug discovery and development studies.
Methods:
A systematic literature review in the field of bioavailability and the approaches towards its enhancement
have been comprehensively done, purely focusing upon recent papers. The data mining was performed
using databases like PubMed, Science Direct and general Google searches and the collected data was exhaustively
studied and summarized in a generalized manner.
Results:
The main prospect of this review was to generate a comprehensive one-stop summary of the numerous
available approaches and their pharmaceutical applications in improving the stability concerns, physicochemical
and mechanical properties of the poorly water-soluble drugs which directly or indirectly augment their bioavailability.
Conclusion:
The use of novel methods, including but not limited to, nano-based formulations, bio-enhancers,
solid dispersions, lipid-and polymer-based formulations which provide a wide range of applications not only
increases the solubility and permeability of the poorly bioavailable drugs but also improves their stability, and
targeting efficacy. Although, these methods have drastically changed the pharmaceutical industry demand for the
newer potential methods with better outcomes in the field of pharmaceutical science to formulate various dosage
forms with adequate systemic availability and improved patient compliance, further research is required.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mamunur Rashid
- Pharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics Division, CSIR-CDRI, Lucknow, India
| | - Mohd Yaseen Malik
- Pharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics Division, CSIR-CDRI, Lucknow, India
| | - Sandeep K. Singh
- Pharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics Division, CSIR-CDRI, Lucknow, India
| | - Swati Chaturvedi
- Pharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics Division, CSIR-CDRI, Lucknow, India
| | - Jiaur R Gayen
- Pharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics Division, CSIR-CDRI, Lucknow, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Iwamoto K, Kawamoto H, Takeshita F, Matsumura S, Ayaki I, Moriyama T, Zaima N. Mixing Ginkgo biloba Extract with Sesame Extract and Turmeric Oil Increases Bioavailability of Ginkgolide A in Mice Brain. J Oleo Sci 2019; 68:923-930. [DOI: 10.5650/jos.ess19135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kazuko Iwamoto
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Department of Nutritional and Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Osaka Aoyama University
| | | | | | | | - Ikuto Ayaki
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Kindai University
| | - Tatsuya Moriyama
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Kindai University
- Agricultural Technology and Innovation Research Institute, Kindai University
| | - Nobuhiro Zaima
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Kindai University
- Agricultural Technology and Innovation Research Institute, Kindai University
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Joshi N, Dash M, Dwivedi L, Khilnani G. Effect of Navayasa Lauha, an ayurvedic herbomineral formulation on experimentally-induced iron deficiency anemia. Anc Sci Life 2018. [DOI: 10.4103/asl.asl_5_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
|
11
|
Khalili-Fomeshi M, Azizi MG, Esmaeili MR, Gol M, Kazemi S, Ashrafpour M, Moghadamnia AA, Hosseinzadeh S. Piperine restores streptozotocin-induced cognitive impairments: Insights into oxidative balance in cerebrospinal fluid and hippocampus. Behav Brain Res 2018; 337:131-138. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2017.09.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2017] [Revised: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
|
12
|
Sharma M, Sharma S, Sharma V, Sharma K, Yadav SK, Dwivedi P, Agrawal S, Paliwal SK, Dwivedi AK, Maikhuri JP, Gupta G, Mishra PR, Rawat AKS. Oleanolic–bioenhancer coloaded chitosan modified nanocarriers attenuate breast cancer cells by multimode mechanism and preserve female fertility. Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 104:1345-1358. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Revised: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 06/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
|
13
|
Identification, occurrence and activity of quinazoline alkaloids in Peganum harmala. Food Chem Toxicol 2017; 103:261-269. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2017.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2016] [Revised: 03/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
14
|
Thai KM, Do TN, Nguyen TVP, Nguyen DKT, Tran TD. QSAR Studies on Bacterial Efflux Pump Inhibitors. PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES 2017. [DOI: 10.4018/978-1-5225-1762-7.ch035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial drug resistance occurs when bacteria undergo certain modifications to eliminate the effectiveness of drugs, chemicals, or other agents designed to cure infections. To date, the burden of resistance has remained one of the major clinical concerns as it renders prolonged and complicated treatments, thereby increasing the medical costs with lengthier hospital stays. Of complex causes for bacterial resistance, there has been increasing evidence that proved the significant role of efflux pumps in antibiotic resistance. Coadministration of Efflux Pump Inhibitors (EPIs) with antibiotics has been considered one of the promising ways not only to improve the efficacy but also to extend the clinical utility of existing antibiotics. This chapter begins with outlining current knowledge about bacterial efflux pumps and drug designs applied in identification of their modulating compounds. Following, the chapter addresses and provides a discussion on Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship (QSAR) analyses in search of novel and potent efflux pump inhibitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Trong-Nhat Do
- University of Medicine and Pharmacy at HCMC, Vietnam
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Chopra B, Dhingra AK, Kapoor RP, Prasad DN. Piperine and Its Various Physicochemical and Biological Aspects: A Review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.2174/1874842201603010075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Piper nigrumL. is examined as the king of species worldwide by virtue of its principle piperine. In Ayurveda, since from the ancient times, it is known as “Yogvahi”. It is one of the important alkaloids of Pepper fruits (Family Piperaceae) and has been found to have numerous medicinal properties such as antioxidant, antiplatelet, anti-inflammatory, antihypertensive, hepatoprotective, antithyroid, antitumor, antiasthmatic activity and also have significant role as fertility enhancer. The present review discusses the biosynthetic pathway, extraction process, chemistry and various analytical methods of piperine. It also describes the structural modification of piperine and its various effects on biological system. The utility of piperine as a bioenhancer for certain antibacterial- antibiotics and a potent inhibitor of drug metabolism are also discussed. Thus, review provides knowledgeable erudition on the piperine which paves way for further work.
Collapse
|
16
|
Klinger NV, Mittal S. Therapeutic Potential of Curcumin for the Treatment of Brain Tumors. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2016; 2016:9324085. [PMID: 27807473 PMCID: PMC5078657 DOI: 10.1155/2016/9324085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Brain malignancies currently carry a poor prognosis despite the current multimodal standard of care that includes surgical resection and adjuvant chemotherapy and radiation. As new therapies are desperately needed, naturally occurring chemical compounds have been studied for their potential chemotherapeutic benefits and low toxicity profile. Curcumin, found in the rhizome of turmeric, has extensive therapeutic promise via its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiproliferative properties. Preclinical in vitro and in vivo data have shown it to be an effective treatment for brain tumors including glioblastoma multiforme. These effects are potentiated by curcumin's ability to induce G2/M cell cycle arrest, activation of apoptotic pathways, induction of autophagy, disruption of molecular signaling, inhibition of invasion, and metastasis and by increasing the efficacy of existing chemotherapeutics. Further, clinical data suggest that it has low toxicity in humans even at large doses. Curcumin is a promising nutraceutical compound that should be evaluated in clinical trials for the treatment of human brain tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Neil V. Klinger
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Sandeep Mittal
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
- Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Abstract
Traditional Indian medicine (ayurveda) is becoming increasingly popular, with many chronic conditions responding to it well. Most patients begin to take conventional medications as soon as their diagnoses are made, so ayurvedic treatments are usually undergone alongside and/or after conventional medical approaches. A detailed knowledge of the action of food, spices, and medicinal plants is needed in order to understand their potential influence fully. While societal use of ayurvedic plants and Indian spices is commonplace, without ill effect, the use of more concentrated products made from single plants, often in the form of teas or tablets, is of more concern. The mechanisms by which polyherbal drugs and their extracts act differ in many respects from the actions of single substances or synthetic drugs. Despite the fact that ayurvedic medicines are based on natural herbal materials, their safety depends on their method of administration, taking into account individuals’ needs and their specific disease conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Syal Kumar
- 1 University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Atal S, Atal S, Vyas S, Phadnis P. Bio-enhancing Effect of Piperine with Metformin on Lowering Blood Glucose Level in Alloxan Induced Diabetic Mice. Pharmacognosy Res 2016; 8:56-60. [PMID: 26941537 PMCID: PMC4753761 DOI: 10.4103/0974-8490.171096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Diabetes mellitus is the most rampant metabolic pandemic of the 21st century. Piperine, the chief alkaloid of Piper nigrum (black pepper) is widely used in alternative and complementary therapies has been extensively studied for its bio-enhancing property. Objective: To evaluate the bio-enhancing effect of piperine with metformin in lowering blood glucose levels in alloxan-induced diabetic mice. Materials and Methods: Piperine was isolated from an extract of fruits of P. nigrum. Alloxan-induced (150 mg/kg intraperitoneal) diabetic mice were divided into four groups. Group I (control 2% gum acacia 2 g/100 mL), Group II (metformin 250 mg/kg), Group III (metformin and piperine 250 mg/kg + 10 mg/kg), and Group IV (metformin and piperine 125 mg/kg + 10 mg/kg). All the drugs were administered orally once daily for 28 days. Blood glucose levels were estimated at day 0, day 14, and end of the study (day 28). Results: The combination of piperine with therapeutic dose of metformin (10 mg/kg + 250 mg/kg) showed significantly more lowering of blood glucose level as compared to metformin alone on both 14th and 28th day (P < 0.05). Piperine in combination with sub-therapeutic dose of metformin (10 mg/kg + 125 mg/kg) showed significantly more lowering of blood glucose as compared to control group and also showed greater lowering of blood glucose as compared to metformin (250 mg/kg) alone. Conclusion: Piperine has the potential to be used as a bio-enhancing agent in combination with metformin which can help reduce the dose of metformin and its adverse effects. SUMMARY Piperine is known for its bioenhancing property. This study evaluates the effect of piperine in combination with oral antidiabetic drug metformin. Drugs were administered for 28 days in alloxan induced diabetic mice and blood glucose lowering effect was seen. Results showed significantly better effect of combination of piperine with therapeutic dose of metformin in comparison to metformin alone. Piperine in combination with subtherapeutic dose of metformin also showed better effect than therapeutic dose of metformin. Piperine, thus shows potential to be used as bioenhancer in combination with metformin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shubham Atal
- Department of Pharmacology, MGM Medical College, Kanadia, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Sarjana Atal
- Department of Pharmacology, Modern Institute of Medical Sciences, Kanadia, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Savita Vyas
- Department of Pharmacology, MGM Medical College, Kanadia, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Pradeep Phadnis
- Department of Pharmacology, Bundelkhand Medical College, Sagar, Madhya Pradesh, India
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Singh S, Tripathi JS, Rai NP. An appraisal of the bioavailability enhancers in Ayurveda in the light of recent pharmacological advances. Ayu 2016; 37:3-10. [PMID: 28827948 PMCID: PMC5541464 DOI: 10.4103/ayu.ayu_11_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The concept of bioavailability enhancer is new to the modern system of medicine. Basically, this concept originated in Ayurveda and being used in this system of medicine since centuries. Bio-enhancers augment the bioavailability or biological activity of drugs when co-administered with principal drug at low doses. Ayurveda is using several drugs such as Piper longum Linn., Zingiber officinale Rosc., and Glycyrhhiza glabra Linn. as bio-enhancers and different methods for bio-enhancing since centuries. The bio-enhancement leads to reduction in therapeutic dose of principal drug, thus reducing the possibilities of toxicity and side effects of drug, potentiating the efficacy, reducing the resistance, decreasing the requirement of raw material for drug manufacture, and ultimately benefitting to the world economy by reducing the treatment cost. This review article attempts to consolidate different drugs as well as methods being used traditionally for enhancing bioavailability in Ayurvedic system of medicine and to discuss their possible mechanism of action. Authentic subject material has been reviewed from different Ayurvedic texts and from different related research and review articles. Thus, it is a humble effort to explore the different aspects of bio-enhancers including therapeutic techniques such as Shodhana, the drugs such as Pippali, and properties such as Yogavahi and Rasayana, which have been described in Ayurveda along with their mechanism of action and uses wherever available.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Satyapal Singh
- Department of Kayachikitsa, Faculty of Ayurveda, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - J S Tripathi
- Department of Kayachikitsa, Faculty of Ayurveda, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - N P Rai
- Department of Kayachikitsa, Faculty of Ayurveda, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Sharma M, Sharma S, Sharma V, Agarwal S, Dwivedi P, Paliwal SK, Maikuri JP, Dwivedi AK, Gupta G, Mishra PR, Rawat AKS. Design of folic acid conjugated chitosan nano-cur–bioenhancers to attenuate the hormone-refractory metastatic prostate carcinoma by augmenting oral bioavailability. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra17599b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Folic acid conjugated nano-cur–bioenhancer as a functional P-glycoprotein inhibitor enhancing oral bioavailability of curcumin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Monika Sharma
- Pharmacognosy and Ethnopharmacology Division
- CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute
- Lucknow
- India-226001
- Pharmaceutics Department
| | - Shweta Sharma
- Pharmaceutics & Endocrinology Divisions
- CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute
- Lucknow
- India-226031
| | - Vikas Sharma
- Pharmaceutics & Endocrinology Divisions
- CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute
- Lucknow
- India-226031
| | - Satish Agarwal
- Pharmaceutics & Endocrinology Divisions
- CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute
- Lucknow
- India-226031
| | - Pankaj Dwivedi
- Pharmaceutics & Endocrinology Divisions
- CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute
- Lucknow
- India-226031
| | | | - Jagdamba Prasad Maikuri
- Pharmaceutics & Endocrinology Divisions
- CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute
- Lucknow
- India-226031
| | - Anil K. Dwivedi
- Pharmaceutics & Endocrinology Divisions
- CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute
- Lucknow
- India-226031
| | - Gopal Gupta
- Pharmaceutics & Endocrinology Divisions
- CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute
- Lucknow
- India-226031
| | - Prabhat R. Mishra
- Pharmaceutics & Endocrinology Divisions
- CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute
- Lucknow
- India-226031
| | - A. K. S. Rawat
- Pharmacognosy and Ethnopharmacology Division
- CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute
- Lucknow
- India-226001
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Abstract
Western herbal medicine (WHM) is a complex healthcare system that uses traditional plant-based medicines in patient care. Typical preparations are individualized polyherbal formulae that, unlike herbal pills, retain the odor and taste of whole herbs. Qualitative studies in WHM show patient-practitioner relationships to be collaborative. Health narratives are co-constructed, leading to assessments, and treatments with personal significance for participants. It is hypothesized that the distinct characteristics of traditional herbal preparations and patient-herbalist interactions, in conjunction with the WHM physical healthcare environment, evoke context (placebo) effects that are fundamental to the overall effectiveness of herbal treatment. These context effects may need to be minimized to demonstrate pharmacological efficacy of herbal formulae in randomized, placebo-controlled trials, optimized to demonstrate effectiveness of WHM in pragmatic trials, and consciously harnessed to enhance outcomes in clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- James Snow
- Maryland University of Integrative Health, 7750 Montpelier Road, Laurel, MD 20723.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Ramesh B, Rao Vadaparthi PR, Sukumar G, Manjula N, Suresh Babu K, Sita Devi P. LC-HRMS determination of piperine on rat dried blood spots: A pharmacokinetic study. J Pharm Anal 2015; 6:18-23. [PMID: 29403958 PMCID: PMC5762438 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2015.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2014] [Revised: 07/18/2015] [Accepted: 07/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) method was developed and validated for the determination of piperine (PPR) on dried blood spots (DBS). DBS samples were prepared by spiking the whole blood with analyte to produce 30 µL of blood spots on specimen collection cards. Chromatographic separation was achieved on an Atlantis dC18 column using acetonitrile and water (0.1% formic acid) (85:15, v/v) as mobile phase in an isocratic mode of elution at a flow rate of 0.75 mL/min. MS detection was carried out in electrospray positive ion mode for the target ions and monitored at m/z 286.1465 for PPR and 272.1303 for the internal standard (IS). The developed method exhibited a linear dynamic range over 0.01-2000 ng/mL for PPR on DBS. The overall extraction recovery of PPR from DBS was 92.5%. Influence of hematocrit and spot volume on DBS was also evaluated and found to be well within the acceptable limits. The method was successfully applied to pharmacokinetic studies of PPR in rats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bokka Ramesh
- Natural Products Chemistry Division, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500607, India
| | - P Rajesh Rao Vadaparthi
- Natural Products Chemistry Division, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500607, India
| | - Genji Sukumar
- Natural Products Chemistry Division, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500607, India
| | - Nemali Manjula
- Natural Products Chemistry Division, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500607, India
| | - Katragadda Suresh Babu
- Natural Products Chemistry Division, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500607, India
| | - Potturi Sita Devi
- Natural Products Chemistry Division, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500607, India
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Pfund LY, Chamberlin BL, Matzger AJ. The Bioenhancer Piperine is at Least Trimorphic. CRYSTAL GROWTH & DESIGN 2015; 15:2047-2051. [PMID: 28529462 PMCID: PMC5436616 DOI: 10.1021/acs.cgd.5b00278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Polymer-induced heteronucleation (PIHn), a powerful crystalline polymorph discovery method, has revealed two novel polymorphs of the low solubility bioenhancer piperine. Both of these forms exhibit enhanced solubility when compared to the commercial polymorph, thereby potentially improving the efficacy of piperine as a bioenhancer. Structural comparison of the three forms reveals that π-π interactions are only present in the two newly discovered forms. Combined with the stability data this reveals that despite the extended conjugation present in the moleculesuch interactions are not preferred in thesolid state.
Collapse
|
24
|
Thai KM, Do TN, Nguyen TVP, Nguyen DKT, Tran TD. QSAR Studies on Bacterial Efflux Pump Inhibitors. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.4018/978-1-4666-8136-1.ch007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial drug resistance occurs when bacteria undergo certain modifications to eliminate the effectiveness of drugs, chemicals, or other agents designed to cure infections. To date, the burden of resistance has remained one of the major clinical concerns as it renders prolonged and complicated treatments, thereby increasing the medical costs with lengthier hospital stays. Of complex causes for bacterial resistance, there has been increasing evidence that proved the significant role of efflux pumps in antibiotic resistance. Coadministration of Efflux Pump Inhibitors (EPIs) with antibiotics has been considered one of the promising ways not only to improve the efficacy but also to extend the clinical utility of existing antibiotics. This chapter begins with outlining current knowledge about bacterial efflux pumps and drug designs applied in identification of their modulating compounds. Following, the chapter addresses and provides a discussion on Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship (QSAR) analyses in search of novel and potent efflux pump inhibitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Trong-Nhat Do
- University of Medicine and Pharmacy at HCMC, Vietnam
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Sethiya NK, Shah P, Rajpara A, Nagar PA, Mishra SH. Antioxidant and hepatoprotective effects of mixed micellar lipid formulation of phyllanthin and piperine in carbon tetrachloride-induced liver injury in rodents. Food Funct 2015; 6:3593-603. [DOI: 10.1039/c5fo00947b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Phyllanthin, a sparingly water-soluble hepatoprotective lignin obtained from Phyllanthus amarus Schum. et Thonn. (Euphorbiaceae) possesses low bioavailability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Neeraj K. Sethiya
- Pharmacy Department
- Faculty of Technology and Engineering
- Kalabhavan
- The M. S. University of Baroda
- Vadodara 390002 (Gujarat)
| | - Pankaj Shah
- Pharmacy Department
- Faculty of Technology and Engineering
- Kalabhavan
- The M. S. University of Baroda
- Vadodara 390002 (Gujarat)
| | - Aruna Rajpara
- Pharmacy Department
- Faculty of Technology and Engineering
- Kalabhavan
- The M. S. University of Baroda
- Vadodara 390002 (Gujarat)
| | - P. A. Nagar
- Pharmacy Department
- Faculty of Technology and Engineering
- Kalabhavan
- The M. S. University of Baroda
- Vadodara 390002 (Gujarat)
| | - S. H. Mishra
- Pharmacy Department
- Faculty of Technology and Engineering
- Kalabhavan
- The M. S. University of Baroda
- Vadodara 390002 (Gujarat)
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Ajazuddin, Alexander A, Qureshi A, Kumari L, Vaishnav P, Sharma M, Saraf S, Saraf S. Role of herbal bioactives as a potential bioavailability enhancer for Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients. Fitoterapia 2014; 97:1-14. [PMID: 24862064 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2014.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2013] [Revised: 05/15/2014] [Accepted: 05/16/2014] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The current review emphasizes on the herbal bioenhancers which themselves do not possess inherent pharmacological activity of their own but when co-administered with Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (API), enhances their bioavailability and efficacy. Herbal bioenhancers play a crucial role in enhancing the bioavailability and bioefficacy of different classes of drugs, such as antihypertensives, anticancer, antiviral, antitubercular and antifungal drugs at low doses. This paper highlights various natural compounds that can be utilized as an efficient bioenhancer. Several herbal compounds including piperine, quercetin, genistein, naringin, sinomenine, curcumin, and glycyrrhizin have demonstrated capability to improve the pharmacokinetic parameters of several potent API. This article also focuses on various United States patents on herbal bioenhancers, which has proved to be beneficial in improving oral absorption of nutraceuticals like vitamins, minerals, amino acids and certain herbal compounds. The present paper also describes proposed mechanism of action, which mainly includes absorption process, drug metabolism, and action on drug target. The herbal bioenhancers are easily available, safe, free from side effects, minimizes drug toxicity, shortens the duration of treatment, lowers the drug resistance problems and minimizes the cost of treatment. Inspite of the fact that herbal bioenhancers provide an innovative concept for enhancing the bioavailability of several potent drugs, there are numerous bioenhancers of herbal origin that are yet to be explored in several vital areas. These bioenhancers must also be implied to enhance the bioavailability and bioefficacy through routes other than the oral route of drug delivery. There is a vast array of unexploited plants which can be investigated for their drug bioenhancing potency. The toxicity profiles of these herbal bioenhancers must not be overlooked. Researches must be carried out to solve these issues and to deliver a safe and effective dose of drugs to attain desired pharmacological response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ajazuddin
- Rungta College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Kohka-Kurud Road, Bhilai, Chhattisgarh 490024, India
| | - Amit Alexander
- Rungta College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Kohka-Kurud Road, Bhilai, Chhattisgarh 490024, India
| | - Azra Qureshi
- Rungta College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Kohka-Kurud Road, Bhilai, Chhattisgarh 490024, India
| | - Leena Kumari
- Rungta College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Kohka-Kurud Road, Bhilai, Chhattisgarh 490024, India
| | - Pramudita Vaishnav
- Rungta College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Kohka-Kurud Road, Bhilai, Chhattisgarh 490024, India
| | - Mukesh Sharma
- Rungta College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Kohka-Kurud Road, Bhilai, Chhattisgarh 490024, India
| | - Swarnlata Saraf
- University Institute of Pharmacy, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, Chhattisgarh 492010, India
| | - Shailendra Saraf
- University Institute of Pharmacy, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, Chhattisgarh 492010, India.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Yeggoni DP, Rachamallu A, Kallubai M, Subramanyam R. Cytotoxicity and comparative binding mechanism of piperine with human serum albumin and α-1-acid glycoprotein. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2014; 33:1336-51. [DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2014.947326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
|
28
|
White pepper and piperine have different effects on pharmacokinetics of puerarin in rats. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2014; 2014:796890. [PMID: 24991227 PMCID: PMC4058586 DOI: 10.1155/2014/796890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2014] [Revised: 04/10/2014] [Accepted: 05/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
This study attempted to explore the effects of white pepper and its major component piperine on puerarin administered to rats. Pharmacokinetic parameters of puerarin in rats were determined by oral administration (400 mg/kg) or intravenous injection (40 mg/kg) of puerarin, pretreated with or without white pepper and piperine given orally. Compared to the control group given oral puerarin only, the combined use of piperine (10 or 20 mg/kg) increased the Cmax of puerarin by 1.30-fold or 1.64-fold and the AUC0–∞ by 133% or 157%, respectively. In contrast, coadministration of white pepper (125 or 250 mg/kg) decreased oral absorption of puerarin to 83% or 74%, respectively. On the other hand, pretreatment with piperine orally did not alter the intravenous pharmacokinetics of puerarin, while the AUC of puerarin after intravenous administration was increased by pretreatment with white pepper. The results indicate that pretreatment with piperine or pepper exerts different effects on pharmacokinetics of puerarin administrated via intragastric and intravenous routes. Therefore, it is suggested that the combined application of piperine or white pepper with puerarin should be carefully monitored for potential diet-drug interactions.
Collapse
|
29
|
Sharma S, Kalia NP, Suden P, Chauhan PS, Kumar M, Ram AB, Khajuria A, Bani S, Khan IA. Protective efficacy of piperine against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Tuberculosis (Edinb) 2014; 94:389-96. [PMID: 24880706 DOI: 10.1016/j.tube.2014.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2013] [Revised: 04/09/2014] [Accepted: 04/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Piperine a trans-trans isomer of 1-piperoyl-piperidine was evaluated for its immunomodulatory activity to enhance the efficacy of rifampicin in a murine model of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. In-vitro immunomodulation of piperine was tested on mouse splenocytes for lymphocyte proliferation, cytokine production and macrophage activation. Protective efficacy of piperine was tested in a mice infection model of M. tuberculosis for the activation of Th-1 response and synergistic combination efficacy with rifampicin. Murine splenocytes exposed to piperine exhibited proliferation of T and B cell, increased Th-1 cytokines and enhanced macrophage activation. Piperine (1 mg/kg) in mice infected with M. tuberculosis activated the differentiation of T cells into Th-1 sub-population (CD4+ / CD8+ subsets). There was an increase in secretion of Th-1 cytokines (IFN-γ and IL-2) by these cells. The qRT-PCR studies revealed corresponding increases in the mRNA transcripts of IFN-γ and IL-2 in the infected lung tissues. Combination of piperine and rifampicin (1 mg/kg) exhibited better efficacy of and resulted in additional 1.4 to 0.8 log reduction in lung cfu as compared to rifampicin alone. The up-regulation of Th1 immunity by piperine can be synergistically combined with rifampicin to improve its therapeutic efficacy in immune-compromised TB patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Sharma
- Clinical Microbiology Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR), Canal Road, Jammu Tawi 180 001, India
| | - Nitin Pal Kalia
- Clinical Microbiology Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR), Canal Road, Jammu Tawi 180 001, India
| | - Pankaj Suden
- Pharmacology Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR), Canal Road, Jammu Tawi 180 001, India
| | - Prashant Singh Chauhan
- Pharmacology Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR), Canal Road, Jammu Tawi 180 001, India
| | - Manoj Kumar
- Clinical Microbiology Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR), Canal Road, Jammu Tawi 180 001, India
| | - Anshu Beulah Ram
- Clinical Microbiology Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR), Canal Road, Jammu Tawi 180 001, India
| | - Anamika Khajuria
- Pharmacology Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR), Canal Road, Jammu Tawi 180 001, India
| | - Sarang Bani
- Pharmacology Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR), Canal Road, Jammu Tawi 180 001, India
| | - Inshad Ali Khan
- Clinical Microbiology Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR), Canal Road, Jammu Tawi 180 001, India.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Rezaee MM, Kazemi S, Kazemi MT, Gharooee S, Yazdani E, Gharooee H, Shiran MR, Moghadamnia AA. The effect of piperine on midazolam plasma concentration in healthy volunteers, a research on the CYP3A-involving metabolism. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 22:8. [PMID: 24398010 PMCID: PMC3904487 DOI: 10.1186/2008-2231-22-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2013] [Accepted: 10/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Some studies showed that piperine (the alkaloid of piper nigrum) can change the activities of microsomal enzymes. Midazolam concentration is applied as a probe to determine the CYP3A enzyme activity. This study was done to determine piperine pretreatment role on midazolam plasma concentration.Twenty healthy volunteers (14 men and 6 women) received oral dose of piperine (15 mg) or placebo for three days as pretreatment and midazolam (10 mg) on fourth day of study and the blood samples were taken at 0.5, 2.5 and 5 h after midazolam administration. The midazolam plasma levels were assayed using HPLC method (C18 analytical column, 75:25 methanol:water as mobile phase, UV detector at 242 nm wavelength and diazepam as internal standard). Data were fit in a "one-compartment PK model" using P-Pharm 1.5 software and analyzed under statistical tests.The mean ±SD of the age and body mass index were 24.3 ± 1.83 years (range: 21-28 years) and 23.46± 2.85, respectively. The duration of sedation in piperine receiving group was greater that the placebo group (188±59 vs. 102±43 min, p<0.0001). Half-life and clearance of midazolam were higher in piperine pretreatment group compared to placebo [1.88±0.03 vs. 1.71± 0.04 h (p<0.0001) and 33.62 ± 0.4 vs. 37.09 ± 1.07 ml/min (p<0.0001), respectively].According to the results, piperine can significantly increases half-life and decreases clearance of midazolam compared to placebo. It is suggested that piperine can demonstrate those effects by inhibition CYP3A4 enzyme activity in liver microsomal system.
Collapse
|
31
|
Maenthaisong R, Chaiyakunapruk N, Tiyaboonchai W, Tawatsin A, Rojanawiwat A, Thavara U. Efficacy and safety of topical Trikatu preparation in, relieving mosquito bite reactions: a randomized controlled trial. Complement Ther Med 2013; 22:34-9. [PMID: 24559814 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2013.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2012] [Revised: 08/16/2013] [Accepted: 08/20/2013] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Trikatu is composed of dried fruits of Piper nigrum L and Piper retrofractum Vahl, and dried rhizomes of Zingiber officinale R. Although this preparation has been used to relieve pruritis, pain, and inflammation for a long time, there is no clinical evidence to confirm its efficacy and safety. Therefore, we performed a double-blind, within person-randomized controlled study of 30 healthy volunteers to determine efficacy and safety of topical Trikatu on mosquito bite reactions. METHODS All subjects were bitten by Aedes aegypti laboratory mosquitoes on their forearms and they were randomly assigned arms to apply either Trikatu or reference product on the mosquito bite papule. The main outcome was the difference of papule size reduction at 30 min, measured by a caliper, between the Trikatu and reference arms. Pruritis, redness, pain, and patient satisfaction were assessed at 15, 30, 60, 180, and 360 min as secondary outcomes. RESULTS There were no significant differences between treatment and reference arms on any outcome at any time of measurement. CONCLUSION Trikatu did not show additional effects for relieving mosquito bite reaction as compared with the reference product containing camphor, menthol, and eucalyptus. For further study, it is very important to consider a proper selection of subjects, comparator product, and concentration of extract when Trikatu preparation is investigated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ratree Maenthaisong
- Clinical Pharmacy Research Unit, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahasarakham University, Mahasarakham, Thailand
| | - Nathorn Chaiyakunapruk
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Monash University Sunway Campus, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway 46150, Selangor, Malaysia; Center of Pharmaceutical Outcomes Research, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand; School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA; School of Population Health, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
| | - Waree Tiyaboonchai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand
| | - Apiwat Tawatsin
- The National Institute of Health, Department of Medical Sciences, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi, Thailand
| | - Archawin Rojanawiwat
- Clinical Research Center, Department of Medical Sciences, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi, Thailand
| | - Usavadee Thavara
- The National Institute of Health, Department of Medical Sciences, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Prakash UNS, Srinivasan K. Enhanced intestinal uptake of iron, zinc and calcium in rats fed pungent spice principles--piperine, capsaicin and ginger (Zingiber officinale). J Trace Elem Med Biol 2013; 27:184-90. [PMID: 23332714 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2012.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2011] [Revised: 10/02/2012] [Accepted: 11/22/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In view of the wide-spread deficiency of iron and zinc in populations dependent on plant foods, it is desirable to improve the bioavailability of the same. Specific dietary spices may alter the ultrastructure and permeability characteristics of intestines. Groups of Wistar rats were fed piperine, capsaicin and ginger containing diets for 8 weeks in order to examine their possible influence on intestinal absorption of iron, zinc and calcium. Everted segments of duodenum, jejunum and ileum portions of small intestines isolated from these rats were examined for ex vivo uptake of iron, zinc and calcium from incubations containing digesta of finger millet. Higher uptake of iron, zinc and calcium by the intestinal segments from spice-fed animals was observed. The increase in the mineral uptake was the highest for calcium with >100% in some cases. The positive influence of dietary capsaicin was more pronounced on zinc uptake as compared to that of iron. Uptake of the glutamic acid standard was 87% and 62% higher in the case of jejunal segments of rats fed piperine and ginger. The higher intestinal uptake of iron and zinc as a result of consumption of pungent spices could encourage a strategy to reduce deficiency of these trace elements prevalent in population dependent on plant based foods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Usha N S Prakash
- Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, CSIR - Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore 570 020, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Aqil F, Munagala R, Jeyabalan J, Vadhanam MV. Bioavailability of phytochemicals and its enhancement by drug delivery systems. Cancer Lett 2013; 334:133-41. [PMID: 23435377 PMCID: PMC3815990 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2013.02.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2013] [Revised: 02/07/2013] [Accepted: 02/08/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Issues of poor oral bioavailability of cancer chemopreventives have hindered progress in cancer prevention. Novel delivery systems that modulate the pharmacokinetics of existing drugs, such as nanoparticles, cyclodextrins, niosomes, liposomes and implants, could be used to enhance the delivery of chemopreventive agents to target sites. The development of new approaches in prevention and treatment of cancer could encompass new delivery systems for approved and newly investigated compounds. In this review, we discuss some of the delivery approaches that have already made an impact by either delivering a drug to target tissue or increasing its bioavailability by many fold.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Farrukh Aqil
- James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, United States
| | - Radha Munagala
- James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, United States
| | - Jeyaprakash Jeyabalan
- James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, United States
| | - Manicka V Vadhanam
- James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Meghwal M, Goswami TK. Piper nigrum and piperine: an update. Phytother Res 2013; 27:1121-30. [PMID: 23625885 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.4972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 188] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2013] [Revised: 02/14/2013] [Accepted: 02/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Black pepper (Piper nigrum L.) is a very widely used spice, known for its pungent constituent piperine. However, in addition to its culinary uses, pepper has important medicinal and preservative properties, and, more recently, piperine has been shown to have fundamental effects on p-glycoprotein and many enzyme systems, leading to biotransformative effects including chemoprevention, detoxification, and enhancement of the absorption and bioavailability of herbal and conventional drugs. Based on modern cell, animal, and human studies, piperine has been found to have immunomodulatory, anti-oxidant, anti-asthmatic, anti-carcinogenic, anti-inflammatory, anti-ulcer, and anti-amoebic properties. In this review, the chemical constituents, biological activities, effects of processing, and future potential of black pepper and piperine have been discussed thoroughly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Murlidhar Meghwal
- Agricultural and Food Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, WB, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Basu S, Jana S, Patel VB, Patel H. Effects of piperine, cinnamic acid and gallic acid on rosuvastatin pharmacokinetics in rats. Phytother Res 2012. [PMID: 23208983 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.4894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the potential pharmacokinetic interactions with natural products (such as piperine (PIP), gallic acid (GA) and cinnamic acid (CA)) and rosuvastatin (RSV) (a specific breast cancer resistance protein, BCRP substrate) in rats. In Caco2 cells, the polarized transport of RSV was effectively inhibited by PIP, CA and GA at concentration of 50 μM. After per oral (p.o.) coadministration of PIP, CA and GA (10 mg/kg) significantly increased intravenous exposure (AUC(last)) of RSV (1 mg/kg) by 73.5%, 62.9% and 53.3% (p < 0.05), respectively than alone group (control). Compared with the control (alone) group, p.o. coadministration of PIP, CA and GA (10 mg/kg) significantly increased the oral exposure (AUC(last)) of RSV (5 mg/kg) by 2.0-fold, 1.83-fold (p < 0.05) and 2.34 -fold (p < 0.05), respectively. Moreover, the cumulative biliary excretion of RSV (5 mg/kg, p.o.) was significantly decreased by 53.3, 33.4 and 39.2% at the end of 8 h after p.o. co-administration of PIP, CA and GA (10 mg/kg), respectively. Taken together, these results indicate that the natural products such as PIP, CA and GA significantly inhibit RSV transport in to bile and increased the plasma exposure (AUC(last)) of RSV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sudipta Basu
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics -Toxicology Division, Sai Advantium Pharma Ltd, Building 1, Plot No. 2, Chrysalis Enclave, International Biotech Park, Phase - 2, Hinjewadi, Pune, 411057, India
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Shukla SD, Bhatnagar M, Khurana S. Critical evaluation of ayurvedic plants for stimulating intrinsic antioxidant response. Front Neurosci 2012; 6:112. [PMID: 22855669 PMCID: PMC3405414 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2012.00112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2012] [Accepted: 07/07/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative damage caused by free radicals plays an important role in the causation and progression of many diseases, including aging. Free-radical damage is countered by many mechanisms, including both active antioxidant enzymatic activity in our body and passive antioxidants. Antioxidant response of our body can accommodate increased oxidative damage in diseased states to a level but beyond that level, additional antioxidants are required to combat the increased stress. Apart from the regular dietary sources of antioxidants, many traditional herbal medicines demonstrate a potential to boost antioxidant activity. Rasayana chikitsa that deals with rejuvenation and revitalization is a branch of the Indian traditional medical system of ayurveda. We review some select herbs described in rasayana chikitsa that have been assessed by modern means for stimulating intrinsic antioxidant responses in humans. A critical evaluation of rasayana chikitsa will likely provide urgently needed, actual stimulants of our physiological antioxidant responses and not just more passive antioxidants to add to an already large catalog.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sunil Dutt Shukla
- Shri Bhogi Lal Pandya Government College Dungarpur, Rajasthan, India
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Atal N, Bedi KL. Bioenhancers: Revolutionary concept to market. J Ayurveda Integr Med 2011; 1:96-9. [PMID: 21836795 PMCID: PMC3151395 DOI: 10.4103/0975-9476.65073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2009] [Revised: 12/02/2009] [Accepted: 12/08/2009] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Treatment cost is a major concern for modern medicine in developing countries like India and systematic innovative means to reduce these costs are needed. This article reviews the concept of bioenhancers to reduce treatment costs by increasing drug bioavailability. This concept, based on the Ayurvedic system of medicine, works for a wide range of ingested substances, and has been applied to modern drugs, particularly single chemicals. It offers a fine example of the benefit of integrating an ancient system with modern medicine in both theory and practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Navin Atal
- Consultant Physician, Department of Internal Medicine, Pushpanjali Medical Center, Delhi, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Sharma RK, Patki PS. Double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical evaluation of an Ayurvedic formulation (GlucoCare capsules) in non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. J Ayurveda Integr Med 2011; 1:45-51. [PMID: 21829301 PMCID: PMC3149392 DOI: 10.4103/0975-9476.59827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2009] [Revised: 12/15/2009] [Accepted: 12/16/2009] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus describes a metabolic disorder of multiple etiologies characterized by insulin resistance, relative insulin deficiency and hyperglycemia with disturbances of carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism. The goal for treatment of diabetes is to prevent its acute manifestations and long-term microvascular and macrovascular complications. The present study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of an Ayurvedic formulation (GlucoCare Capsules) in non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. Fifty NIDDM patients of pitta-kapha prakriti attending the outpatient department of the Government Ayurvedic Medical College, Guwahati, Assam, India were included in the study, and randomly divided into 2 groups, GlucoCare and placebo. All received either GlucoCare or placebo in a dose of 2 capsules twice daily, before meals for 3 months. All 50 patients completed the study - no drop outs, withdrawals or patients lost to follow up. The GlucoCare group showed significant improvement in symptoms from the 2(nd) month till the end of the study. GlucoCare was well tolerated by all patients throughout the treatment period with no evidence of adverse effects. The study indicates clinical efficacy of GlucoCare Capsules in the management of NIDDM in those belonging to pitta-kapha prakriti. The formulation is well tolerated and appears safe in the dosage used.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R K Sharma
- Department of Dravyaguna and Rasashastra, Government Ayurvedic College, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Han HK. The effects of black pepper on the intestinal absorption and hepatic metabolism of drugs. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2011; 7:721-9. [DOI: 10.1517/17425255.2011.570332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
|
40
|
Jin J, Zhang J, Guo N, Feng H, Li L, Liang J, Sun K, Wu X, Wang X, Liu M, Deng X, Yu L. The plant alkaloid piperine as a potential inhibitor of ethidium bromide efflux in Mycobacterium smegmatis. J Med Microbiol 2010; 60:223-229. [PMID: 21051548 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.025734-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Piperine, a major plant alkaloid found in black pepper (Piper nigrum) and long pepper (Piper longum), has shown potential for inhibiting the efflux pump (EP) of Staphylococcus aureus. In this study, a modulation assay showed that piperine could decrease the MIC of ethidium bromide (EtBr) twofold at 32 μg ml(-1) and fourfold at 64 μg ml(-1) against Mycobacterium smegmatis mc(2) 155 ATCC 700084. A real-time, 96-well plate fluorometric method was employed to evaluate the EP inhibition ability of piperine in M. smegmatis. Reserpine, chlorpromazine, verapamil and carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone were used as positive controls. Piperine significantly enhanced accumulation and decreased the efflux of EtBr in M. smegmatis, which suggests that it has the ability to inhibit mycobacterial EPs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Jin
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, PR China
| | - Jiyu Zhang
- Key and Open Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Engineering, Lanzhou Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Pharmaceutics, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, PR China
| | - Na Guo
- Laboratory of Nutrition and Functional Food, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, PR China
| | - Haihua Feng
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, PR China
| | - Lei Li
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, PR China
| | - Junchao Liang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, PR China
| | - Kai Sun
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, PR China
| | - Xiuping Wu
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, PR China
| | - Xuelin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, PR China
| | - Mingyuan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, PR China
| | - Xuming Deng
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, PR China
| | - Lu Yu
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Sharma S, Kumar M, Sharma S, Nargotra A, Koul S, Khan IA. Piperine as an inhibitor of Rv1258c, a putative multidrug efflux pump of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. J Antimicrob Chemother 2010; 65:1694-701. [PMID: 20525733 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkq186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the role of piperine as an inhibitor of Rv1258c of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. METHODS Rifampicin, in combination with piperine, was tested against M. tuberculosis H37Rv and rifampicin-resistant (rif(r)) M. tuberculosis. A laboratory-generated rifampicin-resistant mutant (rif(r)) of M. tuberculosis was tested for drug susceptibility and the expression level of the putative efflux protein (Rv1258c) by real-time PCR. The three-dimensional (3D) structure of Rv1258c was also predicted using an in silico approach. RESULTS In the present study, rifampicin in combination with piperine, a trans-trans isomer of 1-piperoyl-piperidine, reduced the MIC and mutation prevention concentration (MPC) of rifampicin for M. tuberculosis H37Rv, including multidrug-resistant (MDR) M. tuberculosis and clinical isolates. Moreover, piperine effectively enhanced the bactericidal activity of rifampicin in time-kill studies and also significantly extended its post-antibiotic effect (PAE). In the presence of rifampicin, M. tuberculosis rif(r) showed a 3.6-fold overexpression of Rv1258c. The 3D structure of Rv1258c, using in silico modelling, was analysed to elucidate the binding of piperine to the active site. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study are suggestive of piperine's involvement in the inhibition of clinically overexpressed mycobacterial putative efflux protein (Rv1258c). Piperine may be useful in augmenting the antimycobacterial activity of rifampicin in a clinical setting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Sharma
- Clinical Microbiology Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR), Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Aher S, Biradar S, Gopu CL, Paradkar A. Novel pepper extract for enhanced P-glycoprotein inhibition. J Pharm Pharmacol 2010. [DOI: 10.1211/jpp.61.09.0007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
Piperine is one of the most promising bioenhancers to date. Methods used for its extraction suffer from drawbacks such as use of organic solvents, poor extraction efficiency, tedious and expensive methodology. These methods are not encouraged with a view to reducing global warming. The objective was therefore to develop an alternative solvent-free extraction method.
Methods
An aqueous extract of long pepper fruits was prepared using hydrophilic lipid Gelucire 44/14 as the extracting aid and this was compared with an alcoholic extract. Extracts were characterized using high-performance thin layer chromatography and differential scanning calorimetry. P-glycoprotein (P-gp) inhibitory activity of the aqueous and alcoholic extracts and pure piperine was compared using an in-vitro everted rat intestinal model using ornidazole as the model drug. The study was performed using two oral pretreatment dose levels (10 and 20 mg/kg) and durations (1 and 3 days). Exsorption of ornidazole from serosal to mucosal surface was monitored.
Key findings
P-gp inhibitory activity of the aqueous extract was comparable with that of pure piperine (P > 0.05) and was significantly higher than the alcoholic extract (P < 0.05). Pure piperine and the aqueous extract exhibited significant P-gp inhibitory activity compared with control, which was irrespective of oral pretreatment dose and duration levels. No significant effect of oral pretreatment duration of the aqueous extract was observed. The observed enhancement in P-gp inhibitory activity of the aqueous extract may have been attributed to the P-gp inhibitory potential of Gelucire 44/14 and its efficient extraction and solubility enhancement ability.
Conclusions
In the field of phytopharmaceuticals efficient and eco-friendly extraction processes are still a goal to be achieved. Extraction with Gelucire 44/14 could be a potential method of extraction for phytopharmaceuticals. Compared with conventional methods of extraction it is more efficient, easier to prepare, eco-friendly and scalable.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suyog Aher
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Bharati Vidyapeeth University, Poona College of Pharmacy, Erandawane, Pune-411 038, Maharashtra, India
| | - Shailesh Biradar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Bharati Vidyapeeth University, Poona College of Pharmacy, Erandawane, Pune-411 038, Maharashtra, India
| | - C L Gopu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Bharati Vidyapeeth University, Poona College of Pharmacy, Erandawane, Pune-411 038, Maharashtra, India
| | - Anant Paradkar
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Innovation, University of Bradford, Bradford BD7 1DP, UK
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Influence of dietary spices – Black pepper, red pepper and ginger on the uptake of β-carotene by rat intestines. J Funct Foods 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2009.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
|
44
|
Chanda D, Shanker K, Pal A, Luqman S, Bawankule DU, Mani D, Darokar MP. Safety evaluation of Trikatu, a generic Ayurvedic medicine in Charles Foster rats. J Toxicol Sci 2009; 34:99-108. [PMID: 19182439 DOI: 10.2131/jts.34.99] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2023]
Abstract
Chemical characterization and acute and sub-acute toxicity study of Trikatu, a generic herbal formulation of Indian system of medicine, was carried out in Charles Foster (CF) rats for safety profiling. In acute toxicity experiment, Trikatu at 2,000 mg/kg body weight once orally was well tolerated by the experimental animals (both male and female) and no changes were observed in mortality, morbidity, gross pathology, gain in weight, vital organ weight, hematological (total white blood cells (WBC) and red blood cells (RBC) count), biochemical parameters such as serum creatinine, serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (SGOT), serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT), serum lipid profile and tissue biochemical parameters such as reduced glutathione and malonaldehyde content as oxidative stress markers. In sub-acute experiment, Trikatu was administered at 5, 50 and 300 mg/kg body weight once daily for 28 days in female CF rats, and non-significant changes were found in most of the parameters studied such as acute experiment except significant increase in low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol level at 50 and 300 mg/kg body weight, decrease in high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol level at 300 mg/kg body weight, increase in SGPT activity at 50 mg/kg body weight and decrease in WBC count at 300 mg/kg body weight on 28(th) day post treatment.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Administration, Oral
- Alanine Transaminase/biosynthesis
- Alanine Transaminase/drug effects
- Alkaloids/chemistry
- Alkaloids/toxicity
- Alkenes/chemistry
- Alkenes/toxicity
- Animals
- Benzodioxoles/chemistry
- Benzodioxoles/toxicity
- Body Weight/drug effects
- Body Weight/physiology
- Cholesterol, HDL/antagonists & inhibitors
- Cholesterol, HDL/drug effects
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Drug Administration Schedule
- Drug Evaluation, Preclinical
- Female
- Zingiber officinale/chemistry
- Glutathione/biosynthesis
- Glutathione/drug effects
- Lipoproteins, LDL/biosynthesis
- Lipoproteins, LDL/drug effects
- Male
- Medicine, Ayurvedic
- Motor Activity/drug effects
- Piper/chemistry
- Piperidines/chemistry
- Piperidines/toxicity
- Plant Preparations/chemistry
- Plant Preparations/pharmacology
- Polyunsaturated Alkamides/chemistry
- Polyunsaturated Alkamides/toxicity
- Rats
- Rats, Inbred Strains
- Sex Factors
- Sleep Stages
- Time Factors
- Toxicity Tests, Acute/methods
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Debabrata Chanda
- Genetic Resources and Biotechnology Division, Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CSIR).
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
NOWACK RAINER. Review Article: Cytochrome P450 enzyme, and transport protein mediated herb–drug interactions in renal transplant patients: Grapefruit juice, St John's Wort – and beyond! (Review Article). Nephrology (Carlton) 2008; 13:337-47. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1797.2008.00940.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
46
|
Janakiraman K, Manavalan R. Studies on effect of piperine on oral bioavailability of ampicillin and norfloxacin. AFRICAN JOURNAL OF TRADITIONAL, COMPLEMENTARY, AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINES : AJTCAM 2008; 5:257-62. [PMID: 20161946 PMCID: PMC2816554 DOI: 10.4314/ajtcam.v5i3.31281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Ampicillin and Norfloxacin are used to treat variety of bacterial infections. These two drugs have low oral bioavailability. Co-administration of Piperine (20 mg/kg), an alkaloid from Piper nigrum L. enhanced oral bioavailability of Ampicillin and Norfloxacin in animal model. This is reflected in various pharmacokinetic measurements like Cmax, Tmax, AUC and t(1/2) of the above antibiotics in animal model.
Collapse
|
47
|
Srinivasan K. Black pepper and its pungent principle-piperine: a review of diverse physiological effects. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2008; 47:735-48. [PMID: 17987447 DOI: 10.1080/10408390601062054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 414] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Black pepper (Piper nigrum) is one of the most widely used among spices. It is valued for its distinct biting quality attributed to the alkaloid, piperine. Black pepper is used not only in human dietaries but also for a variety of other purposes such as medicinal, as a preservative, and in perfumery. Many physiological effects of black pepper, its extracts, or its major active principle, piperine, have been reported in recent decades. Dietary piperine, by favorably stimulating the digestive enzymes of pancreas, enhances the digestive capacity and significantly reduces the gastrointestinal food transit time. Piperine has been demonstrated in in vitro studies to protect against oxidative damage by inhibiting or quenching free radicals and reactive oxygen species. Black pepper or piperine treatment has also been evidenced to lower lipid peroxidation in vivo and beneficially influence cellular thiol status, antioxidant molecules and antioxidant enzymes in a number of experimental situations of oxidative stress. The most far-reaching attribute of piperine has been its inhibitory influence on enzymatic drug biotransforming reactions in the liver. It strongly inhibits hepatic and intestinal aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase and UDP-glucuronyl transferase. Piperine has been documented to enhance the bioavailability of a number of therapeutic drugs as well as phytochemicals by this very property. Piperine's bioavailability enhancing property is also partly attributed to increased absorption as a result of its effect on the ultrastructure of intestinal brush border. Although initially there were a few controversial reports regarding its safety as a food additive, such evidence has been questionable, and later studies have established the safety of black pepper or its active principle, piperine, in several animal studies. Piperine, while it is non-genotoxic, has in fact been found to possess anti-mutagenic and anti-tumor influences.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Srinivasan
- Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore, India.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Choudhury RP, Kumar A, Reddy AVR, Garg AN. Thermal neutron activation analysis of essential and trace elements and organic constituents in Trikatu: An ayurvedic formulation. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2007. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-007-1130-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
49
|
Devan P, Bani S, Suri KA, Satti NK, Qazi GN. Immunomodulation exhibited by piperinic acid through suppression of proinflammatory cytokines. Int Immunopharmacol 2007; 7:889-99. [PMID: 17499191 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2007.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2006] [Revised: 02/17/2007] [Accepted: 02/19/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Piper longum (PL) has been reported for its varied pharmacological activities including bio-enhancer and anti-inflammatory activities in traditional medicine. Here the premise of the study was to investigate the immunoregulatory potential of PL and piperinic acid, one of its active constituent, in Balb/C mice (in vivo) and human PBMCs (in vitro) models. Piperinic acid moderated the proinflammatory mediators and cytokines in our experiments. At doses of 10, 20, 40 and 80 mg/kg p.o. PL showed a dose dependent decrease of lymphocytes (CD4+ and CD8+ T cells) and cytokine levels in sensitized Balb/C mice with a marked inhibition at 40 mg/kg. At an in vitro dose of 20 mug/ml of PL and 5 mug/ml of piperinic acid, there was a significant inhibition of mitogen induced human PBMC proliferation, mRNA transcripts of IL-2 (ConA) and TNFalpha, IL-1beta and iNOS (LPS) respectively under stimulated conditions in time dependent (6 h, 12 h and 24 h respectively) expression studies. In parallel, induced nitric oxide production was also reduced by stimulated macrophages. Our observations rationalize the traditional use of PL and also validate the immunoregulatory potential of piperinic acid.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Prabhavathy Devan
- Cell Biology Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, Regional Research Laboratory, Canal Road, Jammu Tawi-180001, Jammu and Kashmir State, India.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Kasibhatta R, Naidu MUR. Influence of Piperine on the Pharmacokinetics of Nevirapine under Fasting Conditions. Drugs R D 2007; 8:383-91. [DOI: 10.2165/00126839-200708060-00006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
|