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Vasalou V, Kotidis E, Tatsis D, Boulogeorgou K, Grivas I, Koliakos G, Cheva A, Ioannidis O, Tsingotjidou A, Angelopoulos S. The Effects of Tissue Healing Factors in Wound Repair Involving Absorbable Meshes: A Narrative Review. J Clin Med 2023; 12:5683. [PMID: 37685753 PMCID: PMC10488606 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12175683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Wound healing is a complex and meticulously orchestrated process involving multiple phases and cellular interactions. This narrative review explores the intricate mechanisms behind wound healing, emphasizing the significance of cellular processes and molecular factors. The phases of wound healing are discussed, focusing on the roles of immune cells, growth factors, and extracellular matrix components. Cellular shape alterations driven by cytoskeletal modulation and the influence of the 'Formin' protein family are highlighted for their impact on wound healing processes. This review delves into the use of absorbable meshes in wound repair, discussing their categories and applications in different surgical scenarios. Interleukins (IL-2 and IL-6), CD31, CD34, platelet rich plasma (PRP), and adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) are discussed in their respective roles in wound healing. The interactions between these factors and their potential synergies with absorbable meshes are explored, shedding light on how these combinations might enhance the healing process. Recent advances and challenges in the field are also presented, including insights into mesh integration, biocompatibility, infection prevention, and postoperative complications. This review underscores the importance of patient-specific factors and surgical techniques in optimizing mesh placement and healing outcomes. As wound healing remains a dynamic field, this narrative review provides a comprehensive overview of the current understanding and potential avenues for future research and clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varvara Vasalou
- Fourth Surgical Department, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 57010 Thessaloniki, Greece
- Andreas Syggros Hospital, 11528 Athens, Greece
| | - Efstathios Kotidis
- Fourth Surgical Department, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 57010 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Dimitris Tatsis
- Fourth Surgical Department, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 57010 Thessaloniki, Greece
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department, School of Dentistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 57010 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Kassiani Boulogeorgou
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (K.B.)
| | - Ioannis Grivas
- Laboratory of Anatomy, Histology & Embryology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Georgios Koliakos
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Angeliki Cheva
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (K.B.)
| | - Orestis Ioannidis
- Fourth Surgical Department, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 57010 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Anastasia Tsingotjidou
- Laboratory of Anatomy, Histology & Embryology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Stamatis Angelopoulos
- Fourth Surgical Department, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 57010 Thessaloniki, Greece
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Jeyaraman M, Rajendran RL, Muthu S, Jeyaraman N, Sharma S, Jha SK, Muthukanagaraj P, Hong CM, Furtado da Fonseca L, Santos Duarte Lana JF, Ahn BC, Gangadaran P. An update on stem cell and stem cell-derived extracellular vesicle-based therapy in the management of Alzheimer's disease. Heliyon 2023; 9:e17808. [PMID: 37449130 PMCID: PMC10336689 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Globally, neurological diseases pose a major burden to healthcare professionals in terms of the management and prevention of the disorder. Among neurological diseases, Alzheimer's disease (AD) accounts for 50%-70% of dementia and is the fifth leading cause of mortality worldwide. AD is a progressive, degenerative neurological disease, with the loss of neurons and synapses in the cerebral cortex and subcortical regions. The management of AD remains a debate among physicians as no standard and specific "disease-modifying" modality is available. The concept of 'Regenerative Medicine' is aimed at regenerating the degenerated neural tissues to reverse the pathology in AD. Genetically modified engineered stem cells modify the course of AD after transplantation into the brain. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are an emerging new approach in cell communication that involves the transfer of cellular materials from parental cells to recipient cells, resulting in changes at the molecular and signaling levels in the recipient cells. EVs are a type of vesicle that can be transported between cells. Many have proposed that EVs produced from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) may have therapeutic promise in the treatment of AD. The biology of AD, as well as the potential applications of stem cells and their derived EVs-based therapy, were explored in this paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhan Jeyaraman
- Department of Orthopaedics, ACS Medical College and Hospital, Dr MGR Educational and Research Institute, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600056, India
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering and Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201310, India
- Indian Stem Cell Study Group (ISCSG) Association, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226010, India
| | - Ramya Lakshmi Rajendran
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Sathish Muthu
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering and Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201310, India
- Indian Stem Cell Study Group (ISCSG) Association, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226010, India
- Department of Orthopedics, Government Dindigul Medical College and Hospital, Dindigul, Tamil Nadu, 624001, India
| | - Naveen Jeyaraman
- Indian Stem Cell Study Group (ISCSG) Association, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226010, India
- Department of Orthopedics, Shri Sathya Sai Medical College and Research Institute, Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth, Chengalpet, Tamil Nadu, 603108, India
| | - Shilpa Sharma
- Indian Stem Cell Study Group (ISCSG) Association, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226010, India
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Saurabh Kumar Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering and Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201310, India
| | - Purushothaman Muthukanagaraj
- Department of Internal Medicine & Psychiatry, SUNY-Upstate Binghamton Clinical Campus, Binghamton, NY, 13904, USA
| | - Chae Moon Hong
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Lucas Furtado da Fonseca
- Department of Orthopedics, The Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, 04023-062, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Byeong-Cheol Ahn
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, 41944, Republic of Korea
- BK21 FOUR KNU Convergence Educational Program of Biomedical Sciences for Creative Future Talents, Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Prakash Gangadaran
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, 41944, Republic of Korea
- BK21 FOUR KNU Convergence Educational Program of Biomedical Sciences for Creative Future Talents, Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41944, Republic of Korea
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Abubakar M, Masood MF, Javed I, Adil H, Faraz MA, Bhat RR, Fatima M, Abdelkhalek AM, Buccilli B, Raza S, Hajjaj M. Unlocking the Mysteries, Bridging the Gap, and Unveiling the Multifaceted Potential of Stem Cell Therapy for Cardiac Tissue Regeneration: A Narrative Review of Current Literature, Ethical Challenges, and Future Perspectives. Cureus 2023; 15:e41533. [PMID: 37551212 PMCID: PMC10404462 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.41533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Revolutionary advancements in regenerative medicine have brought stem cell therapy to the forefront, offering promising prospects for the regeneration of ischemic cardiac tissue. Yet, its full efficacy, safety, and role in treating ischemic heart disease (IHD) remain limited. This literature review explores the intricate mechanisms underlying stem cell therapy. Furthermore, we unravel the innovative approaches employed to bolster stem cell survival, enhance differentiation, and seamlessly integrate them within the ischemic cardiac tissue microenvironment. Our comprehensive analysis uncovers how stem cells enhance cell survival, promote angiogenesis, and modulate the immune response. Stem cell therapy harnesses a multifaceted mode of action, encompassing paracrine effects and direct cell replacement. As our review progresses, we underscore the imperative for standardized protocols, comprehensive preclinical and clinical studies, and careful regulatory considerations. Lastly, we explore the integration of tissue engineering and genetic modifications, envisioning a future where stem cell therapy reigns supreme in regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Abubakar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ameer-Ud-Din Medical College, Lahore General Hospital, Lahore, PAK
- Department of Internal Medicine, Siddique Sadiq Memorial Trust Hospital, Gujranwala, PAK
| | | | - Izzah Javed
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ameer-Ud-Din Medical College, Lahore General Hospital, Lahore, PAK
| | - Hira Adil
- Department of Community Medicine, Khyber Girls Medical College, Hayatabad, PAK
| | - Muhammad Ahmad Faraz
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Post Graduate Medical Institute, Lahore General Hospital, Lahore, PAK
| | - Rakshita Ramesh Bhat
- Department of Medical Oncology, Mangalore Institute of Oncology, Mangalore, IND
- Department of Internal Medicine, Bangalore Medical College and Research Institute, Bangalore, IND
| | - Mahek Fatima
- Department of Internal Medicine, Osmania Medical College, Hyderabad, IND
| | | | - Barbara Buccilli
- Department of Human Neuroscience, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, ITA
| | - Saud Raza
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ameer-Ud-Din Medical College, Lahore General Hospital, Lahore, PAK
| | - Mohsin Hajjaj
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jinnah Hospital Lahore, Lahore, PAK
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Park JY, Park JY, Jeong YG, Park JH, Park YH, Kim SH, Khang D. Pancreatic Tumor-Targeting Stemsome Therapeutics. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023:e2300934. [PMID: 37114740 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202300934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Owing to the intrinsic ability of stem cells to target the tumor environment, stem-cell-membrane-functionalized nanocarriers can target and load active anticancer drugs. In this work, a strategy that focuses on stem cells that self-target pancreatic cancer cells is developed. In particular, malignant deep tumors such as pancreatic cancer cells, one of the intractable tumors that currently have no successful clinical strategy, are available for targeting and destruction. By gaining the targeting ability of stem cells against pancreatic tumor cells, stem cell membranes can encapsulate nano-polylactide-co-glycolide loaded with doxorubicin to target and reduce deep pancreatic tumor tissues. Considering the lack of known target proteins on pancreatic tumor cells, the suggested platform technology can be utilized for targeting any malignant tumors in which surface target receptors are unavailable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Young Park
- Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, Incheon, 21999, South Korea
| | - Jun Young Park
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, GAIHST, Gachon University, Incheon, 21999, South Korea
| | - Yong-Gyu Jeong
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, GAIHST, Gachon University, Incheon, 21999, South Korea
| | - Joo-Hwan Park
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gil Medical Center, College of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon, 21565, South Korea
| | - Yeon Ho Park
- Department of Surgery, Gil Medical Center, College of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon, 21565, South Korea
| | - Sang-Hyun Kim
- CMRI, Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41944, South Korea
| | - Dongwoo Khang
- Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, Incheon, 21999, South Korea
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, GAIHST, Gachon University, Incheon, 21999, South Korea
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon, 21999, South Korea
- Ectosome Inc., Incheon, 21999, South Korea
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5
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Wu Y, Shum HCE, Wu K, Vadgama J. From Interaction to Intervention: How Mesenchymal Stem Cells Affect and Target Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11041182. [PMID: 37189800 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11041182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) lacks estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 expressions, making targeted therapies ineffective. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have emerged as a promising approach for TNBC treatment by modulating the tumor microenvironment (TME) and interacting with cancer cells. This review aims to comprehensively overview the role of MSCs in TNBC treatment, including their mechanisms of action and application strategies. We analyze the interactions between MSC and TNBC cells, including the impact of MSCs on TNBC cell proliferation, migration, invasion, metastasis, angiogenesis, and drug resistance, along with the signaling pathways and molecular mechanisms involved. We also explore the impact of MSCs on other components of the TME, such as immune and stromal cells, and the underlying mechanisms. The review discusses the application strategies of MSCs in TNBC treatment, including their use as cell or drug carriers and the advantages and limitations of different types and sources of MSCs in terms of safety and efficacy. Finally, we discuss the challenges and prospects of MSCs in TNBC treatment and propose potential solutions or improvement methods. Overall, this review provides valuable insights into the potential of MSCs as a novel therapeutic approach for TNBC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Wu
- Division of Cancer Research and Training, Department of Internal Medicine, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, David Geffen UCLA School of Medicine and UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Hang Chee Erin Shum
- Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ke Wu
- Division of Cancer Research and Training, Department of Internal Medicine, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, David Geffen UCLA School of Medicine and UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Jaydutt Vadgama
- Division of Cancer Research and Training, Department of Internal Medicine, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, David Geffen UCLA School of Medicine and UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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6
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Khan RL, Khraibi AA, Dumée LF, Corridon PR. From waste to wealth: Repurposing slaughterhouse waste for xenotransplantation. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1091554. [PMID: 36815880 PMCID: PMC9935833 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1091554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Slaughterhouses produce large quantities of biological waste, and most of these materials are underutilized. In many published reports, the possibility of repurposing this form of waste to create biomaterials, fertilizers, biogas, and feeds has been discussed. However, the employment of particular offal wastes in xenotransplantation has yet to be extensively uncovered. Overall, viable transplantable tissues and organs are scarce, and developing bioartificial components using such discarded materials may help increase their supply. This perspective manuscript explores the viability and sustainability of readily available and easily sourced slaughterhouse waste, such as blood vessels, eyes, kidneys, and tracheas, as starting materials in xenotransplantation derived from decellularization technologies. The manuscript also examines the innovative use of animal stem cells derived from the excreta to create a bioartificial tissue/organ platform that can be translated to humans. Institutional and governmental regulatory approaches will also be outlined to support this endeavor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raheema L. Khan
- Department of Immunology and Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ali A. Khraibi
- Department of Immunology and Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates,Center for Biotechnology, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ludovic F. Dumée
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates,Research and Innovation Center on CO2 and Hydrogen (RICH), Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Peter R. Corridon
- Department of Immunology and Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates,Center for Biotechnology, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates,Healthcare Engineering Innovation Center, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates,*Correspondence: Peter R. Corridon,
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7
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Yuan T, Tan M, Xu Y, Xiao Q, Wang H, Wu C, Li F, Peng L. All-in-one smart dressing for simultaneous angiogenesis and neural regeneration. J Nanobiotechnology 2023; 21:38. [PMID: 36737778 PMCID: PMC9896818 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-01787-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Wound repair, along with skin appendage regeneration, is challenged by insufficient angiogenesis and neural regeneration. Therefore, promoting both proangiogenic and neuro-regenerative therapeutic effects is essential for effective wound repair. However, most therapeutic systems apply these strategies separately or ineffectively. This study investigates the performance of an all-in-one smart dressing (ASD) that integrates angiogenic functional materials and multiple biological factors within a light crosslinked hydrogel, forming a multi-functional dressing capable of facilitating simultaneous micro-vascularization and neural regeneration. The ASD uses a zeolite-imidazolate framework 67 with anchored vanadium oxide (VO2@ZIF-67) that allows for the on-demand release of Co2+ with fluctuations in pH at the wound site to stimulate angiogenesis. It can simultaneously release CXCL12, ligustroflavone, and ginsenoside Rg1 in a sustained manner to enhance the recruitment of endogenous mesenchymal stem cells, inhibit senescence, and induce neural differentiation to achieve in situ nerve regeneration. The ASD can stimulate rapid angiogenesis and nerve regeneration within 17 days through multiple angiogenic and neuro-regenerative cues within one dressing. This study provides a proof-of-concept for integrating functional nanomaterials and multiple complementary drugs within a smart dressing for simultaneous angiogenesis and neural regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiejun Yuan
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XCollege of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058 People’s Republic of China
| | - Minhong Tan
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XCollege of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058 People’s Republic of China ,grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XCollege of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yang Xu
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XCollege of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058 People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiyao Xiao
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XCollege of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058 People’s Republic of China
| | - Hui Wang
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XCollege of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027 People’s Republic of China
| | - Chen Wu
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XCollege of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027 People’s Republic of China
| | - Fulun Li
- grid.412540.60000 0001 2372 7462Department of Dermatology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200437 People’s Republic of China
| | - Lihua Peng
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XCollege of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058 People’s Republic of China ,grid.259384.10000 0000 8945 4455State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, People’s Republic of China
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8
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Wu Y, Peng X, Ang S, Gao Y, Chi Y, Wang J, Tang C, Zhou X, Feng Y, Zhang K, Zou Q, Chen M. Bcl- xL Promotes the Survival of Motor Neurons Derived from Neural Stem Cells. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:biology12010132. [PMID: 36671824 PMCID: PMC9856060 DOI: 10.3390/biology12010132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Neural stem cell (NSC) transplantation creates new hope for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders by direct differentiation into neurons. However, this technique is limited by poor survival and functional neuron deficiency. In this research study, we generated pro-survival murine NSCs (mNSCs) via the ectopic expression of Bcl-xL. A doxycycline (Dox)-inducible Ngn2-Isl1-Lhx3 system was also integrated into the mNSC genome. The four gene-modified mNSCs can rapidly and effectively differentiate into motor neurons after Dox treatments. Ectopic Bcl-xL could resist replating-induced stress, glutamate toxicity, neuronal apoptosis and remarkably promote the survival of motor neurons. Taken together, we established genetically modified mNSCs with improved survival, which may be useful for motor neuron degenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunqin Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Large Animal Models for Biomedicine, South China Institute of Large Animal Models for Biomedicine, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China
| | - Xiaohua Peng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Large Animal Models for Biomedicine, South China Institute of Large Animal Models for Biomedicine, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China
| | - Song Ang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Large Animal Models for Biomedicine, South China Institute of Large Animal Models for Biomedicine, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China
- International Healthcare Innovation Institute (Jiangmen), Jiangmen 529040, China
| | - Yue Gao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Large Animal Models for Biomedicine, South China Institute of Large Animal Models for Biomedicine, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China
| | - Yue Chi
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Large Animal Models for Biomedicine, South China Institute of Large Animal Models for Biomedicine, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China
| | - Jinling Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Large Animal Models for Biomedicine, South China Institute of Large Animal Models for Biomedicine, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China
| | - Chengcheng Tang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Large Animal Models for Biomedicine, South China Institute of Large Animal Models for Biomedicine, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China
| | - Xiaoqing Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Large Animal Models for Biomedicine, South China Institute of Large Animal Models for Biomedicine, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China
| | - Yanxian Feng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Large Animal Models for Biomedicine, South China Institute of Large Animal Models for Biomedicine, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Large Animal Models for Biomedicine, South China Institute of Large Animal Models for Biomedicine, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China
- International Healthcare Innovation Institute (Jiangmen), Jiangmen 529040, China
| | - Qingjian Zou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Large Animal Models for Biomedicine, South China Institute of Large Animal Models for Biomedicine, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China
- Correspondence: (Q.Z.); (M.C.)
| | - Min Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Large Animal Models for Biomedicine, South China Institute of Large Animal Models for Biomedicine, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China
- International Healthcare Innovation Institute (Jiangmen), Jiangmen 529040, China
- Correspondence: (Q.Z.); (M.C.)
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9
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Yudintceva N, Mikhailova N, Fedorov V, Samochernych K, Vinogradova T, Muraviov A, Shevtsov M. Mesenchymal Stem Cells and MSCs-Derived Extracellular Vesicles in Infectious Diseases: From Basic Research to Clinical Practice. Bioengineering (Basel) 2022; 9:662. [PMID: 36354573 PMCID: PMC9687734 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9110662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are attractive in various fields of regenerative medicine due to their therapeutic potential and complex unique properties. Basic stem cell research and the global COVID-19 pandemic have given impetus to the development of cell therapy for infectious diseases. The aim of this review was to systematize scientific data on the applications of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and MSC-derived extracellular vesicles (MSC-EVs) in the combined treatment of infectious diseases. Application of MSCs and MSC-EVs in the treatment of infectious diseases has immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial effects, and also promotes the restoration of the epithelium and stimulates tissue regeneration. The use of MSC-EVs is a promising cell-free treatment strategy that allows solving the problems associated with the safety of cell therapy and increasing its effectiveness. In this review, experimental data and clinical trials based on MSCs and MSC-EVs for the treatment of infectious diseases are presented. MSCs and MSC-EVs can be a promising tool for the treatment of various infectious diseases, particularly in combination with antiviral drugs. Employment of MSC-derived EVs represents a more promising strategy for cell-free treatment, demonstrating a high therapeutic potential in preclinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Yudintceva
- Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), St. Petersburg 194064, Russia
- Personalized Medicine Centre, Almazov National Medical Research Centre, St. Petersburg 197341, Russia
| | - Natalia Mikhailova
- Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), St. Petersburg 194064, Russia
| | - Viacheslav Fedorov
- Personalized Medicine Centre, Almazov National Medical Research Centre, St. Petersburg 197341, Russia
| | - Konstantin Samochernych
- Personalized Medicine Centre, Almazov National Medical Research Centre, St. Petersburg 197341, Russia
| | - Tatiana Vinogradova
- Saint-Petersburg State Research Institute of Phthisiopulmonology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, St. Petersburg 191036, Russia
| | - Alexandr Muraviov
- Saint-Petersburg State Research Institute of Phthisiopulmonology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, St. Petersburg 191036, Russia
| | - Maxim Shevtsov
- Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), St. Petersburg 194064, Russia
- Personalized Medicine Centre, Almazov National Medical Research Centre, St. Petersburg 197341, Russia
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10
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Chen M, Wang X, Li C, Lan T, Wei Y, Tang C, Zhou X, Zhou R, Rosa A, Zheng X, Ang S, Zhang K, Zou Q, Lai L. Inducible motor neuron differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells in vivo. Cell Prolif 2022; 55:e13319. [PMID: 35943218 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Transplantation of neural progenitor cells (NPCs) derived from human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) is one of the promising treatment strategies for motor neuron diseases (MNDs). However, the inefficiency in committed differentiation of NPCs in vivo limits its application. Here, we tried to establish a potential therapeutic strategy for MNDs by in vivo directional differentiation of hiPSCs engineered with motor neuron (MN) specific transcription factors and Tet-On system. MATERIALS AND METHODS We engineered hiPSCs with three MN-specific transcription factors and Tet-On system. The engineered cells were directly transplanted into immunodeficient mice through subcutaneous, intra-spinal cord and intracerebroventricular injections. Following doxycycline (Dox) induction, teratoma formation, and motor MN differentiation were evaluated. RESULTS We generated genetically engineered hiPSCs, in which the expression of Ngn2, Isl1, and Lhx3 was controlled by a drug-inducible transgenic system. These cells showed normal pluripotency and proliferative capacity, and were able to directionally differentiate into mature motor neurons (MNs) and NPCs with high efficiency in spinal cords and cerebral lateral ventricles under the induction of Dox. The grafts showed long-term survival in the recipient mice without formation of teratoma. CONCLUSIONS The induced mature MNs and NPCs were expected to replace the damaged endogenous MNs directly, and play a role of de novo stem cell stock for long-term neuron damage repair, respectively. Therefore, in vivo directional differentiation of the hiPSCs engineered with MN-specific transcription factors and Tet-On system via Dox induction could be a potential therapeutic strategy for MNDs with high efficacy and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Large Animal Models for Biomedicine, School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, China.,International Healthcare Innovation Institute (Jiangmen), Jiangmen, China
| | - Xia Wang
- Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangzhou, China
| | - Chuan Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Large Animal Models for Biomedicine, School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, China.,International Healthcare Innovation Institute (Jiangmen), Jiangmen, China
| | - Ting Lan
- Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangzhou, China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuhui Wei
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chengcheng Tang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Large Animal Models for Biomedicine, School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, China
| | - Xiaoqing Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Large Animal Models for Biomedicine, School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, China
| | - Renping Zhou
- Susan Lehman Cullman Laboratory for Cancer Research, Department of Chemical Biology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Alessandro Rosa
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology Charles Darwin, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.,Center for Life Nano Science, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Rome, Italy
| | - Xi Zheng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Large Animal Models for Biomedicine, School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, China.,Susan Lehman Cullman Laboratory for Cancer Research, Department of Chemical Biology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Song Ang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Large Animal Models for Biomedicine, School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, China.,International Healthcare Innovation Institute (Jiangmen), Jiangmen, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Large Animal Models for Biomedicine, School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, China.,International Healthcare Innovation Institute (Jiangmen), Jiangmen, China
| | - Qingjian Zou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Large Animal Models for Biomedicine, School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, China
| | - Liangxue Lai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Large Animal Models for Biomedicine, School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, China.,Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangzhou, China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Research Unit of Generation of Large Animal Disease Models, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU015), Guangzhou, China
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11
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Fang J, Li JJ, Zhong X, Zhou Y, Lee RJ, Cheng K, Li S. Engineering stem cell therapeutics for cardiac repair. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2022; 171:56-68. [PMID: 35863282 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2022.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in the world. Stem cell-based therapies have been widely investigated for cardiac regeneration in patients with heart failure or myocardial infarction (MI) and surged ahead on multiple fronts over the past two decades. To enhance cellular therapy for cardiac regeneration, numerous engineering techniques have been explored to engineer cells, develop novel scaffolds, make constructs, and deliver cells or their derivatives. This review summarizes the state-of-art stem cell-based therapeutics for cardiac regeneration and discusses the emerged bioengineering approaches toward the enhancement of therapeutic efficacy of stem cell therapies in cardiac repair. We cover the topics in stem cell source and engineering, followed by stem cell-based therapies such as cell aggregates and cell sheets, and biomaterial-mediated stem cell therapies such as stem cell delivery with injectable hydrogel, three-dimensional scaffolds, and microneedle patches. Finally, we discuss future directions and challenges of engineering stem cell therapies for clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Fang
- Department of Bioengineering, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA; School of Biomedical Engineering and Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Jennifer J Li
- Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA; Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute and Institute for Regeneration Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Xintong Zhong
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yue Zhou
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Randall J Lee
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute and Institute for Regeneration Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Ke Cheng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University, NC, USA
| | - Song Li
- Department of Bioengineering, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA; Eli and Edythe Broad Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA.
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12
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Yuan TJ, Xu XH, Zhou N, Yan G, Gu TW, Peng LH. Phytochemicals as new therapeutic candidates simultaneously stimulate proliferation and counteract senescence of stem cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 151:113170. [PMID: 35676782 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are promising candidates for regenerative therapy. However, the research and clinical application of MSCs are greatly hindered by the limited cells proliferation and replicative senescence. Therapeutic agents that can both enhance the proliferative ability and decrease the replicative senescence of MSCs are greatly needed, however, not been reported yet. Herein, for the first time, we identified 11 natural compounds from medicinal plants with both excellent proliferative and anti-senescence abilities in MSCs. The qPCR analysis indicated underlying mechanisms associated with fibroblast growth factor, transforming growth factor, Wnt/β-catenin and leukemia-induced factor in proliferation; the reactive oxygen species production, mitochondrial dysfunction autophagy and proteostasis are involved in cells senescence-related mechanism. Phytochemicals are demonstrated as novel therapeutic candidates with promising effects in both stimulating proliferation and retarding replicative senescence of stem cells with high safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tie-Jun Yuan
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Xue-Han Xu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Nan Zhou
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Ge Yan
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Ting-Wei Gu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Li-Hua Peng
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau.
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13
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Tsubosaka M, Maruyama M, Huang EE, Zhang N, Utsunomiya T, Gao Q, Shen H, Li X, Kushioka J, Hirata H, Yao Z, Yang YP, Goodman SB. Effect on Osteogenic Differentiation of Genetically Modified IL4 or PDGF-BB Over-Expressing and IL4-PDGF-BB Co-Over-Expressing Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells In Vitro. Bioengineering (Basel) 2021; 8:bioengineering8110165. [PMID: 34821731 PMCID: PMC8614682 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering8110165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of genetically modified (GM) mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) and preconditioned MSCs (pMSCs) may provide further opportunities to improve the outcome of core decompression (CD) for the treatment of early-stage osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH). GM interleukin-4 (IL4) over-expressing MSCs (IL4-MSCs), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-BB over-expressing MSCs (PDGF-BB-MSCs), and IL4-PDGF-BB co-over-expressing MSCs (IL4-PDGF-BB-MSCs) and their respective pMSCs were used in this in vitro study and compared with respect to cell proliferation and osteogenic differentiation. IL4-MSCs, PDGF-BB-MSCs, IL4-PDGF-BB-MSCs, and each pMSC treatment significantly increased cell proliferation compared to the MSC group alone. The percentage of Alizarin red-stained area in the IL4-MSC and IL4-pMSC groups was significantly lower than in the MSC group. However, the percentage of Alizarin red-stained area in the PDGF-BB-MSC group was significantly higher than in the MSC and PDGF-BB-pMSC groups. The percentage of Alizarin red-stained area in the IL4-PDGF-BB-pMSC was significantly higher than in the IL4-PDGF-BB-MSC group. There were no significant differences in the percentage of Alizarin red-stained area between the MSC and IL4-PDGF-BB-pMSC groups. The use of PDGF-BB-MSCs or IL4-PDGF-BB-pMSCs increased cell proliferation. Furthermore, PDGF-BB-MSCs promoted osteogenic differentiation. The addition of GM MSCs may provide a useful supplementary cell-based therapy to CD for treatment of ONFH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanori Tsubosaka
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, 450 Broadway Street, Redwood City, CA 94063, USA; (M.T.); (M.M.); (E.E.H.); (N.Z.); (T.U.); (Q.G.); (H.S.); (X.L.); (J.K.); (H.H.); (Z.Y.); (Y.P.Y.)
| | - Masahiro Maruyama
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, 450 Broadway Street, Redwood City, CA 94063, USA; (M.T.); (M.M.); (E.E.H.); (N.Z.); (T.U.); (Q.G.); (H.S.); (X.L.); (J.K.); (H.H.); (Z.Y.); (Y.P.Y.)
| | - Elijah Ejun Huang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, 450 Broadway Street, Redwood City, CA 94063, USA; (M.T.); (M.M.); (E.E.H.); (N.Z.); (T.U.); (Q.G.); (H.S.); (X.L.); (J.K.); (H.H.); (Z.Y.); (Y.P.Y.)
| | - Ning Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, 450 Broadway Street, Redwood City, CA 94063, USA; (M.T.); (M.M.); (E.E.H.); (N.Z.); (T.U.); (Q.G.); (H.S.); (X.L.); (J.K.); (H.H.); (Z.Y.); (Y.P.Y.)
| | - Takeshi Utsunomiya
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, 450 Broadway Street, Redwood City, CA 94063, USA; (M.T.); (M.M.); (E.E.H.); (N.Z.); (T.U.); (Q.G.); (H.S.); (X.L.); (J.K.); (H.H.); (Z.Y.); (Y.P.Y.)
| | - Qi Gao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, 450 Broadway Street, Redwood City, CA 94063, USA; (M.T.); (M.M.); (E.E.H.); (N.Z.); (T.U.); (Q.G.); (H.S.); (X.L.); (J.K.); (H.H.); (Z.Y.); (Y.P.Y.)
| | - Huaishuang Shen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, 450 Broadway Street, Redwood City, CA 94063, USA; (M.T.); (M.M.); (E.E.H.); (N.Z.); (T.U.); (Q.G.); (H.S.); (X.L.); (J.K.); (H.H.); (Z.Y.); (Y.P.Y.)
| | - Xueping Li
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, 450 Broadway Street, Redwood City, CA 94063, USA; (M.T.); (M.M.); (E.E.H.); (N.Z.); (T.U.); (Q.G.); (H.S.); (X.L.); (J.K.); (H.H.); (Z.Y.); (Y.P.Y.)
| | - Junichi Kushioka
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, 450 Broadway Street, Redwood City, CA 94063, USA; (M.T.); (M.M.); (E.E.H.); (N.Z.); (T.U.); (Q.G.); (H.S.); (X.L.); (J.K.); (H.H.); (Z.Y.); (Y.P.Y.)
| | - Hirohito Hirata
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, 450 Broadway Street, Redwood City, CA 94063, USA; (M.T.); (M.M.); (E.E.H.); (N.Z.); (T.U.); (Q.G.); (H.S.); (X.L.); (J.K.); (H.H.); (Z.Y.); (Y.P.Y.)
| | - Zhenyu Yao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, 450 Broadway Street, Redwood City, CA 94063, USA; (M.T.); (M.M.); (E.E.H.); (N.Z.); (T.U.); (Q.G.); (H.S.); (X.L.); (J.K.); (H.H.); (Z.Y.); (Y.P.Y.)
| | - Yunzhi Peter Yang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, 450 Broadway Street, Redwood City, CA 94063, USA; (M.T.); (M.M.); (E.E.H.); (N.Z.); (T.U.); (Q.G.); (H.S.); (X.L.); (J.K.); (H.H.); (Z.Y.); (Y.P.Y.)
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Stuart B. Goodman
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, 450 Broadway Street, Redwood City, CA 94063, USA; (M.T.); (M.M.); (E.E.H.); (N.Z.); (T.U.); (Q.G.); (H.S.); (X.L.); (J.K.); (H.H.); (Z.Y.); (Y.P.Y.)
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-650-498-4343
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Lim SK, Khoo BY. An overview of mesenchymal stem cells and their potential therapeutic benefits in cancer therapy. Oncol Lett 2021; 22:785. [PMID: 34594426 PMCID: PMC8456491 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.13046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
There has been increased interest in using stem cells for regenerative medicine and cancer therapy in the past decade. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are among the most studied stem cells due to their unique characteristics, such as self-renewal and developmental potency to differentiate into numerous cell types. MSC use has fewer ethical challenges compared with other types of stem cells. Although a number of studies have reported the beneficial effects of MSC-based therapies in treating various diseases, their contribution to cancer therapy remains controversial. The behaviour of MSCs is determined by the interaction between intrinsic transcriptional genes and extrinsic environmental factors. Numerous studies continue to emerge, as there is no denying the potential of MSCs to treat a wide variety of human afflictions. Therefore, the present review article provided an overview of MSCs and their differences compared with embryonic stem cells, and described the molecular mechanisms involved in maintaining their stemness. In addition, the article examined the therapeutic application of stem cells in the field of cancer. The present article also discussed the current divergent roles of MSCs in cancer therapy and the future potential in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shern Kwok Lim
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang, Malaysia
| | - Boon Yin Khoo
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang, Malaysia
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15
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Patwardhan AG, Belemkar S. An update on Alzheimer's disease: Immunotherapeutic agents, stem cell therapy and gene editing. Life Sci 2021; 282:119790. [PMID: 34245772 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is a chronic lifestyle ailment whose occurrence has come to light with the increasing life expectancy due to better healthcare. The patient burden for AD is set to double by the year 2060 and advancement in research is of utmost importance to combat this problem. AD is characterized by the pathological hallmarks of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. The disease has been implicated to have a genetic predisposition. The current treatment strategies are at best ameliorative in nature and offer no substantive cure. Immunotherapeutic approaches employed have shown few therapeutic benefits but the accelerated approval of aducanumab by the US-FDA shows clinical benefit merit. In addition, newer therapeutic approaches are the need of the hour. This review aims to highlight the pathology of the disease, followed by an insight into newer approaches like stem cell therapy and gene editing, focusing on possible CRISPR mediated targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aryaman Girish Patwardhan
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy and Technology Management SVKM's NMIMS, Mumbai, India.
| | - Sateesh Belemkar
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy and Technology Management SVKM's NMIMS, Mumbai, India
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16
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Hakariya H, Takashima I, Takemoto M, Noda N, Sato SI, Uesugi M. Non-genetic cell-surface modification with a self-assembling molecular glue. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:1470-1473. [PMID: 33442714 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc07171d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This report describes the development of a non-genetic cell-surface modification method, in which a self-assembling small molecule is combined with Halo-tag proteins. Cell-surface functionalization with cancer-linked extracellular proteins led to enhanced cell motility, angiogenesis, and immune shielding of the cells, paving the way for translational opportunities for cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayase Hakariya
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan. and Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan and Training Program of Leaders for Integrated Medical System (LIMS), Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Ippei Takashima
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan.
| | - Misao Takemoto
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan.
| | - Naotaka Noda
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan. and Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichi Sato
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan.
| | - Motonari Uesugi
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan. and Institute for Integrated Cell-Materials Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan and School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
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Abstract
Traumatic injuries are a leading cause of death and disability in both military and civilian populations. Given the complexity and diversity of traumatic injuries, novel and individualized treatment strategies are required to optimize outcomes. Cellular therapies have potential benefit for the treatment of acute or chronic injuries, and various cell-based pharmaceuticals are currently being tested in preclinical studies or in clinical trials. Cellular therapeutics may have the ability to complement existing therapies, especially in restoring organ function lost due to tissue disruption, prolonged hypoxia or inflammatory damage. In this article we highlight the current status and discuss future directions of cellular therapies for the treatment of traumatic injury. Both published research and ongoing clinical trials are discussed here.
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Mesenchymal Stem/Progenitor Cells: The Prospect of Human Clinical Translation. Stem Cells Int 2020; 2020:8837654. [PMID: 33953753 PMCID: PMC8063852 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8837654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem/progenitor cells (MSCs) are key players in regenerative medicine, relying principally on their differentiation/regeneration potential, immunomodulatory properties, paracrine effects, and potent homing ability with minimal if any ethical concerns. Even though multiple preclinical and clinical studies have demonstrated remarkable properties for MSCs, the clinical applicability of MSC-based therapies is still questionable. Several challenges exist that critically hinder a successful clinical translation of MSC-based therapies, including but not limited to heterogeneity of their populations, variability in their quality and quantity, donor-related factors, discrepancies in protocols for isolation, in vitro expansion and premodification, and variability in methods of cell delivery, dosing, and cell homing. Alterations of MSC viability, proliferation, properties, and/or function are also affected by various drugs and chemicals. Moreover, significant safety concerns exist due to possible teratogenic/neoplastic potential and transmission of infectious diseases. Through the current review, we aim to highlight the major challenges facing MSCs' human clinical translation and shed light on the undergoing strategies to overcome them.
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Improved therapeutics of modified mesenchymal stem cells: an update. J Transl Med 2020; 18:42. [PMID: 32000804 PMCID: PMC6993499 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-020-02234-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have attracted intense interest due to their powerful intrinsic properties of self-regeneration, immunomodulation and multi-potency, as well as being readily available and easy to isolate and culture. Notwithstanding, MSC based therapy suffers reduced efficacy due to several challenges which include unfavorable microenvironmental factors in vitro and in vivo. Body In the quest to circumvent these challenges, several modification techniques have been applied to the naïve MSC to improve its inherent therapeutic properties. These modification approaches can be broadly divided into two groups to include genetic modification and preconditioning modification (using drugs, growth factors and other molecules). This field has witnessed great progress and continues to gather interest and novelty. We review these innovative approaches in not only maintaining, but also enhancing the inherent biological activities and therapeutics of MSCs with respect to migration, homing to target site, adhesion, survival and reduced premature senescence. We discuss the application of the improved modified MSC in some selected human diseases. Possible ways of yet better enhancing the therapeutic outcome and overcoming challenges of MSC modification in the future are also elaborated. Conclusion The importance of prosurvival and promigratory abilities of MSCs in their therapeutic applications can never be overemphasized. These abilities are maintained and even further enhanced via MSC modifications against the inhospitable microenvironment during culture and transplantation. This is a turning point in MSC-based therapy with promising preclinical studies and higher future prospect.
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Lee J, Chang WS, Shin J, Seo Y, Kong C, Song BW, Na YC, Kim BS, Chang JW. Non-invasively enhanced intracranial transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells using focused ultrasound mediated by overexpression of cell-adhesion molecules. Stem Cell Res 2020; 43:101726. [PMID: 32028085 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2020.101726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Although there have been reports of promising results regarding the transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for neurodegenerative diseases through the use of neuronal differentiation or control of the microenvironment, traditional surgical transplantation methods like parenchymal or intravenous injection have limitations such as secondary injuries in the brain, infection, and low survival rate of stem cells in the target site. Focused ultrasound (FUS) treatment is an emerging modality for the treatment of brain diseases, including neurodegenerative disorders. The various biological effects of FUS treatment have been investigated; therefore, the goal is now to improve the delivery efficiency and function of MSCs by capitalizing on the advantages of FUS. In this study, we demonstrated that FUS increases MSC transplantation into brain tissue by >2-fold, and that this finding might be related to the activation of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 in endothelial and subendothelial cells and vascular adhesion molecule-1 in endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihyeon Lee
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science & Brain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; Department of Neurosurgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Seok Chang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jaewoo Shin
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science & Brain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; Department of Neurosurgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Younghee Seo
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science & Brain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; Department of Neurosurgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Chanho Kong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeong-Wook Song
- Biomedical Research Institute, International St. Mary's Hospital, Incheon Metropolitan City 22711, Republic of Korea; Department of Medical Science, Catholic Kwandong University College of Medicine, Gangneung 25601, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Cheol Na
- Department of Neurosurgery, Catholic Kwandong University College of Medicine, International St. Mary's Hospital, Incheon Metropolitan City 22711, Republic of Korea
| | - Bong Soo Kim
- Biomedical Research Institute, International St. Mary's Hospital, Incheon Metropolitan City 22711, Republic of Korea; Department of Medical Science, Catholic Kwandong University College of Medicine, Gangneung 25601, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Woo Chang
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science & Brain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; Department of Neurosurgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea.
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Khorraminejad-Shirazi M, Dorvash M, Estedlal A, Hoveidaei AH, Mazloomrezaei M, Mosaddeghi P. Aging: A cell source limiting factor in tissue engineering. World J Stem Cells 2019; 11:787-802. [PMID: 31692986 PMCID: PMC6828594 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v11.i10.787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Revised: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Tissue engineering has yet to reach its ideal goal, i.e. creating profitable off-the-shelf tissues and organs, designing scaffolds and three-dimensional tissue architectures that can maintain the blood supply, proper biomaterial selection, and identifying the most efficient cell source for use in cell therapy and tissue engineering. These are still the major challenges in this field. Regarding the identification of the most appropriate cell source, aging as a factor that affects both somatic and stem cells and limits their function and applications is a preventable and, at least to some extents, a reversible phenomenon. Here, we reviewed different stem cell types, namely embryonic stem cells, adult stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells, and genetically modified stem cells, as well as their sources, i.e. autologous, allogeneic, and xenogeneic sources. Afterward, we approached aging by discussing the functional decline of aged stem cells and different intrinsic and extrinsic factors that are involved in stem cell aging including replicative senescence and Hayflick limit, autophagy, epigenetic changes, miRNAs, mTOR and AMPK pathways, and the role of mitochondria in stem cell senescence. Finally, various interventions for rejuvenation and geroprotection of stem cells are discussed. These interventions can be applied in cell therapy and tissue engineering methods to conquer aging as a limiting factor, both in original cell source and in the in vitro proliferated cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammadhossein Khorraminejad-Shirazi
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 7134845794, Iran
- Cell and Molecular Medicine Student Research Group, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 7134845794, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Dorvash
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 7134845794, Iran
- Cell and Molecular Medicine Student Research Group, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 7134845794, Iran
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 7134814336, Iran
| | - Alireza Estedlal
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 7134845794, Iran
- Cell and Molecular Medicine Student Research Group, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 7134845794, Iran
| | - Amir Human Hoveidaei
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 7134845794, Iran
| | - Mohsen Mazloomrezaei
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 7134845794, Iran
- Cell and Molecular Medicine Student Research Group, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 7134845794, Iran
| | - Pouria Mosaddeghi
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 7134845794, Iran
- Cell and Molecular Medicine Student Research Group, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 7134845794, Iran
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 7134814336, Iran
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22
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Peng W, Zhang J, Zhang F, Zhao Y, Dong W. Expression of osteoprotegerin and receptor activator for the nuclear factor-κB ligand in XACB/LV-bFGF/MSCs transplantation for repair of rabbit femoral head defect necrosis. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:1427-1434. [PMID: 30335890 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to observe the changes in osteoprotegerin (OPG) and receptor activator for the nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL) in a rabbit model, and to explore the therapeutic effect of tissue engineering bone on femoral head necrosis. A total of 60 rabbits were randomly divided into 5 groups. The necrosis model of femoral head defects was created by dexamethasone combined with a horse serum injection. The model of femoral head necrosis was reconstructed by tissue engineering bone. The protein expressions of OPG and RANKL were detected by Western blot analysis. The expression of OPG and the RANKL protein in group E was higher than that in the other 4 groups (P < .05); there was no significant difference between groups C and D ( P > .05). The expression of OPG protein in the rabbit femoral head necrosis group was improved by xenogeneic antigens of cancellous bone/lentiviral-basic fibroblast growth factor/mesenchymal stem cells, which were expected to be used as an effective tissue engineering material to repair the necrosis of the femoral head.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wuxun Peng
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Fei Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yin Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Wentao Dong
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
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23
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Hosseini SA, Mohammadi R, Noruzi S, Mohamadi Y, Azizian M, Mousavy SM, Ghasemi F, Hesari A, Sahebkar A, Salarinia R, Aghdam AM, Mirzaei H. Stem cell- and gene-based therapies as potential candidates in Alzheimer's therapy. J Cell Biochem 2018; 119:8723-8736. [PMID: 30074262 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder, which is associated with impairments of memory, thinking, language, and reasoning. Despite extensive research aiming at the treatment of AD, durable and complete remissions are rare. Hence, new therapeutic approaches are required. Among various therapeutic approaches, stem cells (ie, neural stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells, and embryonic stem cells) and delivery of protective genes such as encoding nerve growth factor, APOE, and glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor have generated promise in AD therapy. Here, we summarized a variety of effective therapeutic approaches (ie, stem cells, and genes) in AD therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyede Atefe Hosseini
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Molecular Sciences, School of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Rezvan Mohammadi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Molecular Sciences, School of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Somaye Noruzi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Molecular Sciences, School of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Yousef Mohamadi
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of medicine, Tehran university of medical sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Mitra Azizian
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Mojta Mousavy
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Faezeh Ghasemi
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - AmirReza Hesari
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Reza Salarinia
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Molecular Sciences, School of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Arad Mobasher Aghdam
- School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- Department of Biomaterials, Tissue Engineering and Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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24
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McBlane JW, Phul P, Sharpe M. Preclinical Development of Cell-Based Products: a European Regulatory Science Perspective. Pharm Res 2018; 35:165. [PMID: 29943208 PMCID: PMC6156759 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-018-2437-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This article describes preclinical development of cell-based medicinal products for European markets and discusses European regulatory mechanisms open to developers to aid successful product development. Cell-based medicinal products are diverse, including cells that are autologous or allogeneic, have been genetically modified, or not, or expanded ex vivo, and applied systemically or to an anatomical site different to that of their origin; comments applicable to one product may not be applicable to others, so bespoke development is needed, for all elements - quality, preclinical and clinical. METHODS After establishing how the product is produced, proof of potential for therapeutic efficacy, and then safety, of the product need to be determined. This includes understanding biodistribution, persistence and toxicity, including potential for malignant transformation. These elements need to be considered in the context of the intended clinical development. RESULTS This article describes regulatory mechanisms available to developers to support product development that aim to resolve scientific issues prior to marketing authorization application, to enable patients to have faster access to the product than would otherwise be the case. CONCLUSIONS Developers are encouraged to be aware of both the scientific issues and regulatory mechanisms to ensure patients can be supplied with these products.
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Affiliation(s)
- James W McBlane
- Licensing Division, Medicines & Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency, 10 South Colonnade, Canary Wharf, London, E14 4PU, UK.
| | - Parvinder Phul
- Licensing Division, Medicines & Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency, 10 South Colonnade, Canary Wharf, London, E14 4PU, UK
| | - Michaela Sharpe
- Nonclinical Safety, Cell and Gene Therapy Catapult, Guy's Hospital, 12th Floor, Tower Wing B, London, SE1 9RT, UK
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25
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Genc B, Bozan HR, Genc S, Genc K. Stem Cell Therapy for Multiple Sclerosis. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 1084:145-174. [PMID: 30039439 DOI: 10.1007/5584_2018_247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory, autoimmune, and neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system (CNS). It is characterized by demyelination and neuronal loss that is induced by attack of autoreactive T cells to the myelin sheath and endogenous remyelination failure, eventually leading to functional neurological disability. Although recent evidence suggests that MS relapses are induced by environmental and exogenous triggers such as viral infections in a genetic background, its very complex pathogenesis is not completely understood. Therefore, the efficiency of current immunosuppression-based therapies of MS is too low, and emerging disease-modifying immunomodulatory agents such as fingolimod and dimethyl fumarate cannot stop progressive neurodegenerative process. Thus, the cell replacement therapy approach that aims to overcome neuronal cell loss and remyelination failure and to increase endogenous myelin repair capacity is considered as an alternative treatment option. A wide variety of preclinical studies, using experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis model of MS, have recently shown that grafted cells with different origins including mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), neural precursor and stem cells, and induced-pluripotent stem cells have the ability to repair CNS lesions and to recover functional neurological deficits. The results of ongoing autologous hematopoietic stem cell therapy studies, with the advantage of peripheral administration to the patients, have suggested that cell replacement therapy is also a feasible option for immunomodulatory treatment of MS. In this chapter, we overview cell sources and applications of the stem cell therapy for treatment of MS. We also discuss challenges including those associated with administration route, immune responses to grafted cells, integration of these cells to existing neural circuits, and risk of tumor growth. Finally, future prospects of stem cell therapy for MS are addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bilgesu Genc
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Izmir Institute of Technology, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Hemdem Rodi Bozan
- School of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University Health Campus, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Sermin Genc
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center, Dokuz Eylul University Health Campus, Izmir, Turkey.,Department of Neuroscience, Institute of Health Sciences, Dokuz Eylul University Health Campus, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Kursad Genc
- Department of Neuroscience, Institute of Health Sciences, Dokuz Eylul University Health Campus, Izmir, Turkey.
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26
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Der Sarkissian S, Lévesque T, Noiseux N. Optimizing stem cells for cardiac repair: Current status and new frontiers in regenerative cardiology. World J Stem Cells 2017; 9:9-25. [PMID: 28154736 PMCID: PMC5253186 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v9.i1.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2016] [Revised: 09/20/2016] [Accepted: 10/24/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell therapy has the potential to improve healing of ischemic heart, repopulate injured myocardium and restore cardiac function. The tremendous hope and potential of stem cell therapy is well understood, yet recent trials involving cell therapy for cardiovascular diseases have yielded mixed results with inconsistent data thereby readdressing controversies and unresolved questions regarding stem cell efficacy for ischemic cardiac disease treatment. These controversies are believed to arise by the lack of uniformity of the clinical trial methodologies, uncertainty regarding the underlying reparative mechanisms of stem cells, questions concerning the most appropriate cell population to use, the proper delivery method and timing in relation to the moment of infarction, as well as the poor stem cell survival and engraftment especially in a diseased microenvironment which is collectively acknowledged as a major hindrance to any form of cell therapy. Indeed, the microenvironment of the failing heart exhibits pathological hypoxic, oxidative and inflammatory stressors impairing the survival of transplanted cells. Therefore, in order to observe any significant therapeutic benefit there is a need to increase resilience of stem cells to death in the transplant microenvironment while preserving or better yet improving their reparative functionality. Although stem cell differentiation into cardiomyocytes has been observed in some instance, the prevailing reparative benefits are afforded through paracrine mechanisms that promote angiogenesis, cell survival, transdifferentiate host cells and modulate immune responses. Therefore, to maximize their reparative functionality, ex vivo manipulation of stem cells through physical, genetic and pharmacological means have shown promise to enable cells to thrive in the post-ischemic transplant microenvironment. In the present work, we will overview the current status of stem cell therapy for ischemic heart disease, discuss the most recurring cell populations employed, the mechanisms by which stem cells deliver a therapeutic benefit and strategies that have been used to optimize and increase survival and functionality of stem cells including ex vivo preconditioning with drugs and a novel “pharmaco-optimizer” as well as genetic modifications.
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27
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The Neurovascular Properties of Dental Stem Cells and Their Importance in Dental Tissue Engineering. Stem Cells Int 2016; 2016:9762871. [PMID: 27688777 PMCID: PMC5027319 DOI: 10.1155/2016/9762871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Within the field of tissue engineering, natural tissues are reconstructed by combining growth factors, stem cells, and different biomaterials to serve as a scaffold for novel tissue growth. As adequate vascularization and innervation are essential components for the viability of regenerated tissues, there is a high need for easily accessible stem cells that are capable of supporting these functions. Within the human tooth and its surrounding tissues, different stem cell populations can be distinguished, such as dental pulp stem cells, stem cells from human deciduous teeth, stem cells from the apical papilla, dental follicle stem cells, and periodontal ligament stem cells. Given their straightforward and relatively easy isolation from extracted third molars, dental stem cells (DSCs) have become an attractive source of mesenchymal-like stem cells. Over the past decade, there have been numerous studies supporting the angiogenic, neuroprotective, and neurotrophic effects of the DSC secretome. Together with their ability to differentiate into endothelial cells and neural cell types, this makes DSCs suitable candidates for dental tissue engineering and nerve injury repair.
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28
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Frese L, Dijkman PE, Hoerstrup SP. Adipose Tissue-Derived Stem Cells in Regenerative Medicine. Transfus Med Hemother 2016; 43:268-274. [PMID: 27721702 DOI: 10.1159/000448180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 248] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2016] [Accepted: 07/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In regenerative medicine, adult stem cells are the most promising cell types for cell-based therapies. As a new source for multipotent stem cells, human adipose tissue has been introduced. These so called adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ADSCs) are considered to be ideal for application in regenerative therapies. Their main advantage over mesenchymal stem cells derived from other sources, e.g. from bone marrow, is that they can be easily and repeatable harvested using minimally invasive techniques with low morbidity. ADSCs are multipotent and can differentiate into various cell types of the tri-germ lineages, including e.g. osteocytes, adipocytes, neural cells, vascular endothelial cells, cardiomyocytes, pancreatic β-cells, and hepatocytes. Interestingly, ADSCs are characterized by immunosuppressive properties and low immunogenicity. Their secretion of trophic factors enforces the therapeutic and regenerative outcome in a wide range of applications. Taken together, these particular attributes of ADSCs make them highly relevant for clinical applications. Consequently, the therapeutic potential of ADSCs is enormous. Therefore, this review will provide a brief overview of the possible therapeutic applications of ADSCs with regard to their differentiation potential into the tri-germ lineages. Moreover, the relevant advancements made in the field, regulatory aspects as well as other challenges and obstacles will be highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Frese
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine (IREM), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Petra E Dijkman
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine (IREM), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Simon P Hoerstrup
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine (IREM), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands; Wyss Translational Center Zurich, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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29
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Cain-Hom C, Pabalate R, Pham A, Patel HN, Wiler R, Cox JC. Mammalian Genotyping Using Acoustic Droplet Ejection for Enhanced Data Reproducibility, Superior Throughput, and Minimized Cross-Contamination. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 21:37-48. [PMID: 26311060 DOI: 10.1177/2211068215601637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Genetically engineered animal models are major tools of a drug discovery pipeline because they facilitate understanding of the molecular and biochemical basis of disease. These highly complex models of human disease often require increasingly convoluted genetic analysis. With growing needs for throughput and consistency, we find that traditional aspiration-and-dispense liquid-handling robots no longer have the required speed, quality, or reproducibility.We present an adaptation and installation of an acoustic droplet ejection (ADE) liquid-handling system for ultra-high-throughput screening of genetically engineered models. An ADE system is fully integrated with existing laboratory processes and platforms to facilitate execution of PCR and quantitative PCR (qPCR) reactions. Such a configuration permits interrogation of highly complex genetic models in a variety of backgrounds. Our findings demonstrate that a single ADE system replaces 8-10 traditional liquid-handling robots while increasing quality and reproducibility.We demonstrate significant improvements achieved by transitioning to an ADE device: extremely low detectable cross-contamination in PCR and qPCR despite extensive use, greatly increased data reproducibility (large increases in data quality and Cq consistency), lowered reaction volumes for large cost savings, and nearly a magnitude increase in speed per instrument. We show several comparisons between traditional- and ADE-based pipetting for a qPCR-based workflow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carol Cain-Hom
- Department of Transgenic Technology, Genentech Inc., San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Ryan Pabalate
- Department of Transgenic Technology, Genentech Inc., San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Anna Pham
- Department of Transgenic Technology, Genentech Inc., San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Hetal N Patel
- Department of Transgenic Technology, Genentech Inc., San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Rhonda Wiler
- Department of Transgenic Technology, Genentech Inc., San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - J Colin Cox
- Department of Transgenic Technology, Genentech Inc., San Francisco, CA, USA
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30
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Mirakhori F, Zeynali B, Rassouli H, Shahbazi E, Hashemizadeh S, Kiani S, Salekdeh GH, Baharvand H. Induction of Neural Progenitor-Like Cells from Human Fibroblasts via a Genetic Material-Free Approach. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0135479. [PMID: 26266943 PMCID: PMC4534403 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0135479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2014] [Accepted: 07/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A number of studies generated induced neural progenitor cells (iNPCs) from human fibroblasts by viral delivering defined transcription factors. However, the potential risks associated with gene delivery systems have limited their clinical use. We propose it would be safer to induce neural progenitor-like cells from human adult fibroblasts via a direct non-genetic alternative approach. Methodology/Principal Findings Here, we have reported that seven rounds of TAT-SOX2 protein transduction in a defined chemical cocktail under a 3D sphere culture gradually morphed fibroblasts into neuroepithelial-like colonies. We were able to expand these cells for up to 20 passages. These cells could give rise to cells that expressed neurons and glia cell markers both in vitro and in vivo. Conclusions/Significance These results show that our approach is beneficial for the genetic material-free generation of iNPCs from human fibroblasts where small chemical molecules can provide a valuable, viable strategy to boost and improve induction in a 3D sphere culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahimeh Mirakhori
- School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Stem cells and Developmental Biology at Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bahman Zeynali
- School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hassan Rassouli
- Department of Stem cells and Developmental Biology at Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Shahbazi
- Department of Stem cells and Developmental Biology at Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shiva Hashemizadeh
- Department of Stem cells and Developmental Biology at Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sahar Kiani
- Department of Stem cells and Developmental Biology at Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ghasem Hosseini Salekdeh
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology at Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Baharvand
- Department of Stem cells and Developmental Biology at Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Developmental Biology, University of Science and Culture, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
- * E-mail:
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31
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Yin T, He S, Su C, Chen X, Zhang D, Wan Y, Ye T, Shen G, Wang Y, Shi H, Yang L, Wei Y. Genetically modified human placenta‑derived mesenchymal stem cells with FGF‑2 and PDGF‑BB enhance neovascularization in a model of hindlimb ischemia. Mol Med Rep 2015; 12:5093-9. [PMID: 26239842 PMCID: PMC4581748 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.4089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2013] [Accepted: 06/26/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemic diseases represent a challenging worldwide health burden. The current study investigated the therapeutic potential of genetically modified human placenta‑derived mesenchymal stem cells (hPDMSCs) with basic fibroblast growth factor (FGF2) and platelet‑derived growth factor‑BB (PDGF‑BB) genes in hindlimb ischemia. Mesenchymal stem cells obtained from human term placenta were transfected ex vivo with adenoviral bicistronic vectors carrying the FGF2 and PDGF‑BB genes (Ad‑F‑P). Unilateral hindlimb ischemia was surgically induced by excision of the right femoral artery in New Zealand White rabbits. Ad‑F‑P genetically modified hPDMSCs, Ad‑null (control vector)‑modified hPDMSCs, unmodified hPDMSCs or media were intramuscularly implanted into the ischemic limbs 7 days subsequent to the induction of ischemia. Four weeks after cell therapy, angiographic analysis revealed significantly increased collateral vessel formation in the Ad‑F‑P‑hPDMSC group compared with the control group. Histological examination revealed markedly increased capillary and arteriole density in the Ad‑F‑P‑hPDMSC group. The xenografted hPDMSCs survived in the ischemic tissue for at least 4 weeks subsequent to cell therapy. The current study demonstrated that the combination of hPDMSC therapy with FGF2 and PDGF‑BB gene therapy effectively induced collateral vessel formation and angiogenesis, suggesting a novel strategy for therapeutic angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Sisi He
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Chao Su
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Xiancheng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Dongmei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Yang Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Tinghong Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Guobo Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Yongsheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Huashan Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Li Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Yuquan Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
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32
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Effects of stem cell transplantation on cognitive decline in animal models of Alzheimer's disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Sci Rep 2015; 5:12134. [PMID: 26159750 PMCID: PMC4498325 DOI: 10.1038/srep12134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2015] [Accepted: 06/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD), an irreversible progressive neurodegenerative disease, causes characteristic cognitive impairment, and no curative treatments are currently available. Stem cell transplantation offers a powerful tool for the treatment of AD. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of data from controlled studies to study the impact of stem cell biology and experimental design on learning and memory function following stem cell transplantation in animal models of AD. A total of 58 eligible controlled studies were included by searching PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science up to April 13, 2015. Meta-analysis showed that stem cell transplantation could promote both learning and memory recovery. Stratified meta-analysis was used to explore the influence of the potential factors on the estimated effect size, and meta-regression analyses were undertaken to explore the sources of heterogeneity for learning and memory function. Publication bias was assessed using funnel plots and Egger’s test. The present review reinforces the evidence supporting stem cell transplantation in experimental AD. However, it highlights areas that require well-designed and well-reported animal studies.
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Senutovitch N, Vernetti L, Boltz R, DeBiasio R, Gough A, Taylor DL. Fluorescent protein biosensors applied to microphysiological systems. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2015; 240:795-808. [PMID: 25990438 PMCID: PMC4464952 DOI: 10.1177/1535370215584934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
This mini-review discusses the evolution of fluorescence as a tool to study living cells and tissues in vitro and the present role of fluorescent protein biosensors (FPBs) in microphysiological systems (MPSs). FPBs allow the measurement of temporal and spatial dynamics of targeted cellular events involved in normal and perturbed cellular assay systems and MPSs in real time. FPBs evolved from fluorescent analog cytochemistry (FAC) that permitted the measurement of the dynamics of purified proteins covalently labeled with environmentally insensitive fluorescent dyes and then incorporated into living cells, as well as a large list of diffusible fluorescent probes engineered to measure environmental changes in living cells. In parallel, a wide range of fluorescence microscopy methods were developed to measure the chemical and molecular activities of the labeled cells, including ratio imaging, fluorescence lifetime, total internal reflection, 3D imaging, including super-resolution, as well as high-content screening. FPBs evolved from FAC by combining environmentally sensitive fluorescent dyes with proteins in order to monitor specific physiological events such as post-translational modifications, production of metabolites, changes in various ion concentrations, and the dynamic interaction of proteins with defined macromolecules in time and space within cells. Original FPBs involved the engineering of fluorescent dyes to sense specific activities when covalently attached to particular domains of the targeted protein. The subsequent development of fluorescent proteins (FPs), such as the green fluorescent protein, dramatically accelerated the adoption of studying living cells, since the genetic "labeling" of proteins became a relatively simple method that permitted the analysis of temporal-spatial dynamics of a wide range of proteins. Investigators subsequently engineered the fluorescence properties of the FPs for environmental sensitivity that, when combined with targeted proteins/peptides, created a new generation of FPBs. Examples of FPBs that are useful in MPS are presented, including the design, testing, and application in a liver MPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Senutovitch
- University of Pittsburgh Drug Discovery Institute, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA University of Pittsburgh Department of Computational & Systems Biology, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - Lawrence Vernetti
- University of Pittsburgh Drug Discovery Institute, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA University of Pittsburgh Department of Computational & Systems Biology, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - Robert Boltz
- University of Pittsburgh Drug Discovery Institute, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA University of Pittsburgh Department of Computational & Systems Biology, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - Richard DeBiasio
- University of Pittsburgh Drug Discovery Institute, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - Albert Gough
- University of Pittsburgh Drug Discovery Institute, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA University of Pittsburgh Department of Computational & Systems Biology, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - D Lansing Taylor
- University of Pittsburgh Drug Discovery Institute, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA University of Pittsburgh Department of Computational & Systems Biology, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
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Using magnetic nanoparticles for gene transfer to neural stem cells: stem cell propagation method influences outcomes. J Funct Biomater 2015; 6:259-76. [PMID: 25918990 PMCID: PMC4493511 DOI: 10.3390/jfb6020259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2015] [Revised: 04/11/2015] [Accepted: 04/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetically engineered neural stem cell (NSC) transplants offer a key strategy to augment neural repair by releasing therapeutic biomolecules into injury sites. Genetic modification of NSCs is heavily reliant on viral vectors but cytotoxic effects have prompted development of non-viral alternatives, such as magnetic nanoparticle (MNPs). NSCs are propagated in laboratories as either 3-D suspension “neurospheres” or 2-D adherent “monolayers”. MNPs deployed with oscillating magnetic fields (“magnetofection technology”) mediate effective gene transfer to neurospheres but the efficacy of this approach for monolayers is unknown. It is important to address this issue as oscillating magnetic fields dramatically enhance MNP-based transfection in transplant cells (e.g., astrocytes and oligodendrocyte precursors) propagated as monolayers. We report for the first time that oscillating magnetic fields enhanced MNP-based transfection with reporter and functional (basic fibroblast growth factor; FGF2) genes in monolayer cultures yielding high transfection versus neurospheres. Transfected NSCs showed high viability and could re-form neurospheres, which is important as neurospheres yield higher post-transplantation viability versus monolayer cells. Our results demonstrate that the combination of oscillating magnetic fields and a monolayer format yields the highest efficacy for MNP-mediated gene transfer to NSCs, offering a viable non-viral alternative for genetic modification of this important neural cell transplant population.
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Kavanagh DPJ, Robinson J, Kalia N. Mesenchymal Stem Cell Priming: Fine-tuning Adhesion and Function. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2014; 10:587-99. [DOI: 10.1007/s12015-014-9510-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Mesenchymal stem cells for treatment of neurological disorders: a paracrine effect. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s13770-013-1087-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurological disorder characterized by the aggregation of two proteins, amyloid-β and hyperphosphorylated tau, and by neuronal and synaptic loss. Although some drugs have been shown to slow the progression of the disease, at present no treatment has been developed that can stop or reverse the progression of the pathology. Recently, new therapeutic strategies have been proposed for the treatment of the disease. Among these, the development of stem cells and gene-modified cells is an especially promising therapeutic approach for AD. In this review we highlight the experimental and preclinical studies that have been focused on stem cell-based and gene-modified cell-based uses as potential therapies for AD. The potential clinical applications are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Micaela Johanna Glat
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv University, Petah-Tikva, Israel
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Gabanyi I, Lojudice FH, Kossugue PM, Rebelato E, Demasi MA, Sogayar MC. VP22 herpes simplex virus protein can transduce proteins into stem cells. Braz J Med Biol Res 2013; 46:121-7. [PMID: 23369972 PMCID: PMC3854363 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20122148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2012] [Accepted: 10/02/2012] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The type I herpes simplex virus VP22 tegument protein is abundant and well known
for its ability to translocate proteins from one cell to the other. In spite of
some reports questioning its ability to translocate proteins by attributing the
results observed to fixation artifacts or simple attachment to the cell
membrane, VP22 has been used to deliver several proteins into different cell
types, triggering the expected cell response. However, the question of the
ability of VP22 to enter stem cells has not been addressed. We investigated
whether VP22 could be used as a tool to be applied in stem cell research and
differentiation due to its capacity to internalize other proteins without
altering the cell genome. We generated a VP22.eGFP construct to evaluate whether
VP22 could be internalized and carry another protein with it into two different
types of stem cells, namely adult human dental pulp stem cells and mouse
embryonic stem cells. We generated a VP22.eGFP fusion protein and demonstrated
that, in fact, it enters stem cells. Therefore, this system may be used as a
tool to deliver various proteins into stem cells, allowing stem cell research,
differentiation and the generation of induced pluripotent stem cells in the
absence of genome alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Gabanyi
- Universidade de São Paulo, Centro de Terapia Celular e Molecular, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
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Haider KH, Ashraf M. Preconditioning approach in stem cell therapy for the treatment of infarcted heart. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2012; 111:323-56. [PMID: 22917238 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-398459-3.00015-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Nearly two decades of research in regenerative medicine have been focused on the development of stem cells as a therapeutic option for treatment of the ischemic heart. Given the ability of stem cells to regenerate the damaged tissue, stem-cell-based therapy is an ideal approach for cardiovascular disorders. Preclinical studies in experimental animal models and clinical trials to determine the safety and efficacy of stem cell therapy have produced encouraging results that promise angiomyogenic repair of the ischemically damaged heart. Despite these promising results, stem cell therapy is still confronted with issues ranging from uncertainty about the as-yet-undetermined "ideal" donor cell type to the nonoptimized cell delivery strategies to harness optimal clinical benefits. Moreover, these lacunae have significantly hampered the progress of the heart cell therapy approach from bench to bedside for routine clinical applications. Massive death of donor cells in the infarcted myocardium during acute phase postengraftment is one of the areas of prime concern, which immensely lowers the efficacy of the procedure. An overview of the published data relevant to stem cell therapy is provided here and the various strategies that have been adopted to develop and optimize the protocols to enhance donor stem cell survival posttransplantation are discussed, with special focus on the preconditioning approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khawaja Husnain Haider
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
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Bauchet L, Lonjon N, Perrin FE, Gilbert C, Privat A, Fattal C. Strategies for spinal cord repair after injury: a review of the literature and information. Ann Phys Rehabil Med 2011; 52:330-51. [PMID: 19886026 DOI: 10.1016/j.annrmp.2008.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Thanks to the Internet, we can now have access to more information about spinal cord repair. Spinal cord injured (SCI) patients request more information and hospitals offer specific spinal cord repair medical consultations. OBJECTIVE Provide practical and relevant elements to physicians and other healthcare professionals involved in the care of SCI patients in order to provide adequate answers to their questions. METHOD Our literature review was based on English and French publications indexed in PubMed and the main Internet websites dedicated to spinal cord repair. RESULTS A wide array of research possibilities including notions of anatomy, physiology, biology, anatomopathology and spinal cord imaging is available for the global care of the SCI patient. Prevention and repair strategies (regeneration, transplant, stem cells, gene therapy, biomaterials, using sublesional uninjured spinal tissue, electrical stimulation, brain/computer interface, etc.) for the injured spinal cord are under development. It is necessary to detail the studies conducted and define the limits of these new strategies and benchmark them to the realistic medical and rehabilitation care available to these patients. CONCLUSION Research is quickly progressing and clinical trials will be developed in the near future. They will have to answer to strict methodological and ethical guidelines. They will first be designed for a small number of patients. The results will probably be fragmented and progress will be made through different successive steps.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Bauchet
- Centre mutualiste neurologique Propara, 34195 Montpellier, France.
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Nonviral gene delivery in neural progenitors derived from human pluripotent stem cells. Methods Mol Biol 2011; 767:343-54. [PMID: 21822887 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-61779-201-4_25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) have been used to derive self-renewing neural progenitor (NP) cell lines. Here we describe methods to genetically modify these cells. Detailed methods for transfection and nucleofection in PSC-derived NP cells are presented. We have shown that nucleofection results in higher yield of GFP(+) NP cells as compared with transfection. However, nucleofection leads to higher cell death than transfection. Application of these methods allows for the development of novel tools to study human development and cellular differentiation. Genetically modified NPs have direct application in neural imaging, tracking neural cells, and for drug delivery to target organs using neural progenitor cells as carriers.
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Characterization of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Isolated from the Rabbit Fetal Liver. Stem Cells Dev 2010; 19:1579-88. [DOI: 10.1089/scd.2009.0514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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Thakor DK, Teng YD, Obata H, Nagane K, Saito S, Tabata Y. Nontoxic genetic engineering of mesenchymal stem cells using serum-compatible pullulan-spermine/DNA anioplexes. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2010; 17:131-44. [PMID: 20698746 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2010.0120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetic modification of stem cells could be applied to initiate/enhance their secretion of therapeutic molecules, alter their biological properties, or label them for in vivo tracking. We recently developed a negatively charged gene carrier ("anioplex") based on pullulan-spermine, a conjugate prepared from a natural polysaccharide and polyamine. In rat mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), anioplex-derived reporter gene activity was comparable to or exceeded that obtained using a commercial cationic lipid reagent. Transfection in the growth medium with 15% serum and antibiotics was approximately sevenfold more effective than in serum-free conditions. Cytotoxicity was essentially indiscernible after 24 h of anioplex transfection with 20 μg/mL DNA, in contrast to cationic lipid transfection that resulted in 40%-60% death of target MSCs. Anioplex-derived reporter gene activity persisted throughout the entire 3-week study, with post-transfection MSCs appearing to maintain osteogenic, adipogenic, and chondrogenic multipotency. In particular, chondrogenic pellet formation of differentiating human MSCs was significantly inhibited after lipofection but not after aniofection, which further indicates the biological inertness of pullulan-spermine/DNA anioplexes. Collectively, these data introduce a straightforward technology for genetic engineering of adult stem/progenitor cells under physiological niche-like conditions. Moreover, reporter gene activity was observed in rat spinal cords after minimally invasive intrathecal implantation, suggesting effective engraftment of donor MSCs. It is therefore plausible that anioplex-transfected MSCs or other stem/progenitor cells with autologous potential could be applied to disorders such as neurotrauma or neuropathic pain that involve the spinal cord and brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devang K Thakor
- Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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Nonviral gene delivery to mesenchymal stem cells using cationic liposomes for gene and cell therapy. J Biomed Biotechnol 2010; 2010:735349. [PMID: 20625411 PMCID: PMC2896879 DOI: 10.1155/2010/735349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2009] [Accepted: 04/06/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) hold a great promise for application in several therapies due to their unique biological characteristics. In order to harness their full potential in cell-or gene-based therapies it might be advantageous to enhance some of their features through gene delivery strategies. Accordingly, we are interested in developing an efficient and safe methodology to genetically engineer human bone marrow MSC (BM MSC), enhancing their therapeutic efficacy in Regenerative Medicine. The plasmid DNA delivery was optimized using a cationic liposome-based reagent. Transfection efficiencies ranged from ~2% to ~35%, resulting from using a Lipid/DNA ratio of 1.25 with a transgene expression of 7 days. Importantly, the number of plasmid copies in different cell passages was quantified for the first time and ~20,000 plasmid copies/cell were obtained independently of cell passage. As transfected MSC have shown high viabilities (>90%) and recoveries (>52%) while maintaining their multipotency, this might be an advantageous transfection strategy when the goal is to express a therapeutic gene in a safe and transient way.
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Abstract
Stem cells have emerged as a key element of regenerative medicine therapies due to their inherent ability to differentiate into a variety of cell phenotypes, thereby providing numerous potential cell therapies to treat an array of degenerative diseases and traumatic injuries. A recent paradigm shift has emerged suggesting that the beneficial effects of stem cells may not be restricted to cell restoration alone, but also due to their transient paracrine actions. Stem cells can secrete potent combinations of trophic factors that modulate the molecular composition of the environment to evoke responses from resident cells. Based on this new insight, current research directions include efforts to elucidate, augment and harness stem cell paracrine mechanisms for tissue regeneration. This article discusses the existing studies on stem/progenitor cell trophic factor production, implications for tissue regeneration and cancer therapies, and development of novel strategies to use stem cell paracrine delivery for regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya R Baraniak
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
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47
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Barzilay R, Melamed E, Offen D. Introducing transcription factors to multipotent mesenchymal stem cells: making transdifferentiation possible. Stem Cells 2010; 27:2509-15. [PMID: 19591229 DOI: 10.1002/stem.172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Multipotent mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) represent a promising autologous source for regenerative medicine. Because MSCs can be isolated from adult tissues, they represent an attractive cell source for autologous transplantation. A straightforward therapeutic strategy in the field of stem cell-based regenerative medicine is the transplantation of functional differentiated cells as cell replacement for the lost or defective cells affected by disease. However, this strategy requires the capacity to regulate stem cell differentiation toward the desired cell fate. This therapeutic approach assumes the capability to direct MSC differentiation toward diverse cell fates, including those outside the mesenchymal lineage, a process termed transdifferentiation. The capacity of MSCs to undergo functional transdifferentiation has been questioned over the years. Nonetheless, recent studies support that genetic manipulation can serve to promote transdifferentiation. Specifically, forced expression of certain transcription factors can lead to reprogramming and alter cell fate. Using such a method, fully differentiated lymphocytes have been reprogrammed to become macrophages and, remarkably, somatic cells have been reprogrammed to become embryonic stem-like cells. In this review, we discuss the past and current research aimed at transdifferentiating MSCs, a process with applications that could revolutionize regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Barzilay
- Laboratory of Neurosciences, Felsenstein Medical Research Center and Department of Neurology, Rabin Medical Center, Tel Aviv University, Sackler School of Medicine, Petah-Tikva, Israel
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Zhi ZL, Liu B, Jones PM, Pickup JC. Polysaccharide Multilayer Nanoencapsulation of Insulin-Producing β-Cells Grown as Pseudoislets for Potential Cellular Delivery of Insulin. Biomacromolecules 2010; 11:610-6. [DOI: 10.1021/bm901152k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zheng-liang Zhi
- Metabolic Unit, King’s College London School of Medicine, Guy’s Hospital, London, United Kingdom, and Diabetes Research Group, School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, King’s College London, Guy’s Campus, London, United Kingdom
| | - Bo Liu
- Metabolic Unit, King’s College London School of Medicine, Guy’s Hospital, London, United Kingdom, and Diabetes Research Group, School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, King’s College London, Guy’s Campus, London, United Kingdom
| | - Peter M Jones
- Metabolic Unit, King’s College London School of Medicine, Guy’s Hospital, London, United Kingdom, and Diabetes Research Group, School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, King’s College London, Guy’s Campus, London, United Kingdom
| | - John C Pickup
- Metabolic Unit, King’s College London School of Medicine, Guy’s Hospital, London, United Kingdom, and Diabetes Research Group, School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, King’s College London, Guy’s Campus, London, United Kingdom
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Agashi K, Chau DYS, Shakesheff KM. The effect of delivery via narrow-bore needles on mesenchymal cells. Regen Med 2009; 4:49-64. [PMID: 19105616 DOI: 10.2217/17460751.4.1.49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Recently, there have been numerous preclinical and human studies investigating the regenerative capacity of cell suspensions following their direct injection into a target organ: the fundamental parameters for successful (clinical) cell therapy. At present, limited data exist in the identification of factors important for the survival of these cells (i.e., morphology, viability and proliferation rates) during and following their ejection via narrow-bore needles. MATERIALS & METHODS Primary murine mesenchymal stem cells (mMSCs) were isolated, expanded and processed into a concentrated cell suspension consisting of either HBSS or HBSS supplemented with the antioxidant n-acetyl-cysteine. This suspension was then ejected from a 10 microl Hamilton syringe, via a variety of bore-sized needles, at different ejection rates. Cell characteristics including viability, spreading and attachment, apoptosis and proliferative ability were then assessed. RESULTS Following manipulation within a syringe, a decrease in the viability and cell spreading of mMSCs and a concurrent increase in the production of the caspase-3 protein, an early regulatory event in apoptosis, occurs. These detrimental effects were found to be increased when the cells were left in the syringe chamber for increased periods of time, and were similar at 5 microl/min and 1 microl/min ejection rates. However, on increasing the needle bore diameter, a significant reduction in these characteristics was observed. By comparison, mMSCs that were left to stand at room temperature (18-20 degrees C), but were not manipulated within a syringe, showed a significantly greater viability compared with manipulated cells. However, cells kept at 4 degrees C demonstrated a decreased viability compared with manipulated cells. When the mMSC were incubated with n-acetyl-cysteine, a known antioxidant, no significant change in caspase-3 production or cell spreading was observed. CONCLUSIONS This study highlights potential parameters, such as minimizing the time period the cells are within the syringe and the use of wider-bore needles, involved in maintaining the high viable cell density required for the delivery of cell suspensions for cell therapy applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kapil Agashi
- Division of Drug Delivery & Tissue Engineering, School of Pharmacy, Centre for Biomolecular Sciences, University of Nottingham, University Park, UK
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50
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Johnson LA, Zhao Y, Golden K, Barolo S. Reverse-engineering a transcriptional enhancer: a case study in Drosophila. Tissue Eng Part A 2009; 14:1549-59. [PMID: 18687053 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2008.0074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Enhancers, or cis-regulatory elements, are the principal determinants of spatiotemporal patterning of gene expression. For reasons of clinical and research utility, it is desirable to build customized enhancers that drive novel gene expression patterns, but currently, we largely rely on "found" genomic elements. Synthetic enhancers, assembled from transcription factor binding sites taken from natural signal-regulated enhancers, generally fail to behave like their wild-type counterparts when placed in transgenic animals, suggesting that important aspects of enhancer function are still unexplored. As a step toward the creation of a truly synthetic regulatory element, we have undertaken an extensive structure-function study of an enhancer of the Drosophila decapentaplegic (dpp) gene that drives expression in the developing visceral mesoderm (VM). Although considerable past efforts have been made to dissect the dppVM enhancer, transgenic experiments presented here indicate that its activity cannot be explained by the known regulators alone. dppVM contains multiple, previously uncharacterized, regulatory sites, some of which exhibit functional redundancy. The results presented here suggest that even the best-studied enhancers must be further dissected before they can be fully understood, and before faithful synthetic elements based on them can be created. Implications for developmental genetics, mathematical modeling, and therapeutic applications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa A Johnson
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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