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Domínguez I, Romero I, Teresa Sanchez-Ballesta M, Isabel Escribano M, Merodio C, Doménech-Carbó A. Electrochemistry of lyophilized blueberry and raspberry samples: ROS activation of the antioxidant ability of anthocyanins. Food Chem 2024; 435:137649. [PMID: 37820402 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
An electrochemical study of lyophilized blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) and raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.) fruits was carried out using microparticulate deposits from ethanolic extracts of fruits in contact with different aqueous electrolytes. This voltammetry is dominated by the oxidation of anthocyanins. It was hypothesized that under conditions of electrochemical generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), new anthocyanin-derived species with high antioxidant capacity are formed over a wide pH range. In the case of ROS-activated anthocyanins, electrochemical oxidation is associated with loss of sugar moieties. Experimental voltammetric and scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) imaging data consistent with this hypothesis are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Domínguez
- Department of Agroindustry and Food Quality, Andalusian Institute of Agricultural and Fisheries Research and Training (IFAPA), La Mojonera, Camino San Nicolás, 1, Almeria E-04745, Spain.
| | - Irene Romero
- Department of Characterization, Quality and Safety, Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN-CSIC), Ciudad Universitaria, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - M Teresa Sanchez-Ballesta
- Department of Characterization, Quality and Safety, Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN-CSIC), Ciudad Universitaria, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - M Isabel Escribano
- Department of Characterization, Quality and Safety, Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN-CSIC), Ciudad Universitaria, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Merodio
- Department of Characterization, Quality and Safety, Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN-CSIC), Ciudad Universitaria, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Doménech-Carbó
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Valencia, Dr. Moliner 50, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain.
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2
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Li RL, Wang LY, Duan HX, Qian D, Zhang Q, He LS, Li XP. Natural flavonoids derived from herbal medicines are potential anti-atherogenic agents by inhibiting oxidative stress in endothelial cells. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1141180. [PMID: 36909175 PMCID: PMC10001913 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1141180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
As the common pathological basis of various cardiovascular diseases, the morbidity and mortality of atherosclerosis (AS) have increased in recent years. Unfortunately, there are still many problems in the treatment of AS, and the prevention and treatment of the disease is not ideal. Up to now, the occurrence and development of AS can roughly include endothelial cell dysfunction, vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation, inflammation, foam cell production, and neoangiogenesis. Among them, endothelial dysfunction, as an early event of AS, plays a particularly important role in promoting the development of AS. In addition, oxidative stress occurs throughout the causes of endothelial dysfunction. Some previous studies have shown that flavonoids derived from herbal medicines are typical secondary metabolites. Due to its structural presence of multiple active hydroxyl groups, it is able to exert antioxidant activity in diseases. Therefore, in this review, we will search PubMed, Web of Science, Elesvier, Wliey, Springer for relevant literature, focusing on flavonoids extracted from herbal medicines, and summarizing how they can prevent endothelial dysfunction by inhibiting oxidative stress. Meanwhile, in our study, we found that flavonoid represented by quercetin and naringenin showed superior protective effects both in vivo and in vitro, suggesting the potential of flavonoid compounds in the treatment of AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruo-Lan Li
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ling-Yu Wang
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Hu-Xinyue Duan
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Die Qian
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Li-Sha He
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xue-Ping Li
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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3
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Festa J, Singh H, Hussain A, Da Boit M. Elderberries as a potential supplement to improve vascular function in a SARS-CoV-2 environment. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14091. [PMID: 35118699 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has been triggered by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2). Although recent studies demonstrate that SARS-CoV-2 possibly does not directly infect endothelial cells (EC), the endothelium may be affected as a secondary response due to the damage of neighboring cells, circulating pro-inflammatory cytokines, and/or other mechanisms. Long-term COVID-19 symptoms specifically nonrespiratory symptoms are due to the persistence of endothelial dysfunction (ED). Based on the literature, anthocyanins a major subgroup of flavonoid polyphenols found in berries, have been well researched for their vascular protective properties as well as the prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD)-related deaths. Elderberries have been previously used as a natural remedy for treating influenza, cold, and consequently cardiovascular health due to a high content of cyanidin-3-glucoside (C3G) a major anthocyanin found in the human diet. The literature reported many studies demonstrating that EE has both antiviral and vascular protective properties that should be further investigated as a nutritional component used against the (in)direct effect of SARS-CoV-2 in vascular function. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: While previous work among the literature looks promising and builds a suggestion for investigating elderberry extract (EE) against COVID-19, further in vitro and in vivo research is required to fully evaluate EE mechanisms of action and its use as a supplement to aid current therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Festa
- Leicester School of Allied Health Sciences, De Montfort University, Leicester, UK
| | - Harprit Singh
- Leicester School of Allied Health Sciences, De Montfort University, Leicester, UK
| | - Aamir Hussain
- Leicester School of Allied Health Sciences, De Montfort University, Leicester, UK.,Department of Respiratory Sciences, College of Life Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Mariasole Da Boit
- Leicester School of Allied Health Sciences, De Montfort University, Leicester, UK
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4
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Ma J, Liu J, Chen Y, Yu H, Xiang L. Myricetin Improves Impaired Nerve Functions in Experimental Diabetic Rats. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:915603. [PMID: 35928887 PMCID: PMC9343592 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.915603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is considered as one of the most important complications of diabetes mellitus. At present, effective treatments that might improve the damaged neurological function in DPN are sorely needed. As myricetin has been proved to possess excellent neuroprotective and antioxidant effects, it might have therapeutic potential for DPN. Therefore, the purpose of our study was to detect the potential beneficial effect of myricetin on DPN. A single dose of 50 mg/kg of streptozotocin was applied in rats for the establishment of diabetic models. Different doses of myricetin (0.5 mg/kg/day, 1.0 mg/kg/day, and 2.0 mg/kg/day) were intraperitoneally injected for 2 weeks from the 21st day after streptozotocin injection. After the final myricetin injection, behavioral, electrophysiological, biochemical, and protein analyses were performed. In the present study, myricetin significantly ameliorated diabetes-induced impairment in sensation, nerve conduction velocities, and nerve blood flow. In addition, myricetin significantly reduced the generation of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) and reactive oxygen species (ROS), and elevated Na+, K+-ATPase activity and antioxidant activities in nerves in diabetic animals. Additional studies revealed that myricetin significantly raised the hydrogen sulfide (H2S) levels, and elevated the expression level of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) as well as nuclear factor-E2-related factor-2 (Nrf2) in diabetic rats. In addition, myricetin has the capability of decreasing plasma glucose under diabetic conditions. The findings in our present study collectively indicated that myricetin could restore the impaired motor and sensory functions under diabetic conditions. The Nrf2-dependent antioxidant action and the capability of decreasing plasma glucose might be the underlying mechanisms for the beneficial effect of myricetin on impaired neural functions. Our study showed the therapeutic potential of myricetin in the management of DPN.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Hailong Yu
- *Correspondence: Hailong Yu, ; Liangbi Xiang,
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5
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Kuang X, Chen S, Lao J, Chen Y, Jia D, Tu L, Ma L, Liao X, Zhao W, Li Q. HDAC9 in the Injury of Vascular Endothelial Cell Mediated by P38 MAPK Pathway. J Interferon Cytokine Res 2021; 41:439-449. [PMID: 34935488 DOI: 10.1089/jir.2021.0050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke caused by atherosclerosis (AS) poses a serious threat to human life expectancy and quality. With the development of genome-wide association studies, the association of histone deacetylase 9 (HDAC9) expression of atheromatous plaques with ischemic stroke in large arteries has been revealed, but the molecular mechanisms behind this phenomenon have not been elucidated. In this study, we explored the effect of HDAC9 on the P38 mitogen activated protein kinase (P38 MAPK), a classic cellular inflammation-related pathway, by knocking down HDAC9 in vascular endothelial cells with short hairpin RNA (shRNA) and found that HDAC9 may mediate oxidized low density lipoprotein (ox-LDL)-induced inflammatory injury in vascular endothelial cells by regulating the phosphorylation level of P38 MAPK to lead to AS. It can be seen that HDAC9 may be a target to control the formation of atherosclerotic plaques. In follow-up experiments, it was verified that sodium valproate (SVA), as a HDAC9 inhibitor, can indeed antagonize the inflammatory damage of vascular endothelial cells, as well as SB203580, which is a P38 MAPK inhibitor. It proves that SVA may be a potential drug for the prevention and treatment of ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Kuang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China.,Key Laboratory of Brain Science Research & Transformation in Tropical Environment of Hainan Province, Haikou, China
| | - Shuang Chen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China.,Key Laboratory of Brain Science Research & Transformation in Tropical Environment of Hainan Province, Haikou, China
| | - Jitong Lao
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China.,Key Laboratory of Brain Science Research & Transformation in Tropical Environment of Hainan Province, Haikou, China
| | - Yongmin Chen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China.,Key Laboratory of Brain Science Research & Transformation in Tropical Environment of Hainan Province, Haikou, China
| | - Dandan Jia
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China.,Key Laboratory of Brain Science Research & Transformation in Tropical Environment of Hainan Province, Haikou, China
| | - Linzhi Tu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China.,Key Laboratory of Brain Science Research & Transformation in Tropical Environment of Hainan Province, Haikou, China
| | - Lin Ma
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China.,Key Laboratory of Brain Science Research & Transformation in Tropical Environment of Hainan Province, Haikou, China
| | - Xiaoping Liao
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China.,Key Laboratory of Brain Science Research & Transformation in Tropical Environment of Hainan Province, Haikou, China
| | - Wenjie Zhao
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China.,Key Laboratory of Brain Science Research & Transformation in Tropical Environment of Hainan Province, Haikou, China
| | - Qifu Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China.,Key Laboratory of Brain Science Research & Transformation in Tropical Environment of Hainan Province, Haikou, China
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6
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Yin M, Li C, Jiang J, Le J, Luo B, Yang F, Fang Y, Yang M, Deng Z, Ni W, Shao J. Cell adhesion molecule-mediated therapeutic strategies in atherosclerosis: From a biological basis and molecular mechanism to drug delivery nanosystems. Biochem Pharmacol 2021; 186:114471. [PMID: 33587918 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2021.114471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS), characterized by pathological constriction of blood vessels due to chronic low-grade inflammation and lipid deposition, is a leading cause of human morbidity and mortality worldwide. Cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) have the ability to regulate the inflammatory response and endothelial function, as well as potentially driving plaque rupture, which all contribute to the progression of AS. Moreover, recent advances in the development of clinical agents in the cardiovascular field are based on CAMs, which show promising results in the fight against AS. Here, we review the current literature on mechanisms by which CAMs regulate atherosclerotic progression from the earliest induction of inflammation to plaques formation. In particular, we focused on therapeutic strategies based on CAMs inhibitors that prevent leukocyte from migrating to endothelium, including high-affinity antibodies and antagonists, nonspecific traditional medicinal formulas and lipid lowering drugs. The CAMs-based drug delivery nanosystem and the available data on the more reasonable and effective clinical application of CAMs inhibitors have been emphasized, raising hope for further progress in the field of AS therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengdie Yin
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China
| | - Chao Li
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China
| | - Jiali Jiang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China
| | - Jingqing Le
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China
| | - Bangyue Luo
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China
| | - Fang Yang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China
| | - Yifan Fang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China
| | - Mingyue Yang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China
| | - Zhenhua Deng
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China
| | - Wenxin Ni
- Ocean College, Minjiang University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Jingwei Shao
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China.
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7
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Assunção HCR, Cruz YMC, Bertolino JS, Garcia RCT, Fernandes L. Protective effects of luteolin on the venous endothelium. Mol Cell Biochem 2021; 476:1849-1859. [PMID: 33469821 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-020-04025-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Luteolin is a flavonoid with antioxidant properties already demonstrated in studies related to inflammation, tumor, and cardiovascular processes; however, there are no available information regarding its antioxidant effects at the venous endothelial site. We investigated the effects of luteolin (10, 20, and 50 μmol/L) in cultures of rat venous endothelial cells. Nitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were analyzed by fluorimetry; 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT) residues were evaluated by immunofluorescence, and prostacyclin (PGI2) release was investigated by colorimetry. Intracellular NO levels were significantly enhanced after 10 min of luteolin incubation, with a parallel decrease in ROS generation. These results were accompanied by a significant reduction in the expression of 3-NT residues and enhanced PGI2 rates. Therefore, luteolin is effective in reducing ROS thereby improving NO availability in venous endothelial cells. Besides, luteolin-induced decrease in 3-NT residues may correlate with the enhancement in endothelial PGI2 bioavailability. These findings suggest the future application of this flavonoid as a protective agent by improving endothelial function in several circulatory disorders related to venous insufficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrique Charlanti Reis Assunção
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Campus Diadema, Diadema, SP, 09913-030, Brazil
| | - Yan Milen Coelho Cruz
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Campus Diadema, Diadema, SP, 09913-030, Brazil
| | - Jéssica Silva Bertolino
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Campus Diadema, Diadema, SP, 09913-030, Brazil
| | - Raphael Caio Tamborelli Garcia
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Campus Diadema, Diadema, SP, 09913-030, Brazil
| | - Liliam Fernandes
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Campus Diadema, Diadema, SP, 09913-030, Brazil.
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8
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Pourbagher-Shahri AM, Farkhondeh T, Ashrafizadeh M, Talebi M, Samargahndian S. Curcumin and cardiovascular diseases: Focus on cellular targets and cascades. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 136:111214. [PMID: 33450488 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.111214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are one of the leading causes of the most considerable mortality globally, and it has been tried to find the molecular mechanisms and design new drugs that triggered the molecular target. Curcumin is the main ingredient of Curcuma longa (turmeric) that has been used in traditional medicine for treating several diseases for years. Numerous investigations have indicated the beneficial effect of Curcumin in modulating multiple signaling pathways involved in oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, and proliferation. The cardiovascular protective effects of Curcumin against CVDs have been indicated in several studies. In the current review study, we provided novel information on Curcumin's protective effects against various CVDs and potential molecular signaling targets of Curcumin. Nonetheless, more studies should be performed to discover the exact molecular target of Curcumin against CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tahereh Farkhondeh
- Medical Toxicology and Drug Abuse Research Center (MTDRC), Birjand University of Medical Sciences (BUMS), Birjand, Iran; Faculty of Pharmacy, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Milad Ashrafizadeh
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Orta Mahalle, Üniversite Caddesi No. 27, Orhanlı, Tuzla, 34956 Istanbul, Turkey; Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM), Tuzla, 34956, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Marjan Talebi
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 19968 35115, Iran
| | - Saeed Samargahndian
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran.
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9
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Wang G, Wang J, Guan R. Novel Phospholipid-Based Labrasol Nanomicelles Loaded Flavonoids for Oral Delivery with Enhanced Penetration and Anti-Brain Tumor Efficiency. Curr Drug Deliv 2021; 17:229-245. [PMID: 32039682 DOI: 10.2174/1567201817666200210120950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2019] [Revised: 07/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Owing to the rich anticancer properties of flavonoids, there is a need for their incorporation into drug delivery vehicles like nanomicelles for safe delivery of the drug into the brain tumor microenvironment. OBJECTIVE This study, therefore, aimed to prepare the phospholipid-based Labrasol/Pluronic F68 modified nano micelles loaded with flavonoids (Nano-flavonoids) for the delivery of the drug to the target brain tumor. METHODS Myricetin, quercetin and fisetin were selected as the initial drugs to evaluate the biodistribution and acute toxicity of the drug delivery vehicles in rats with implanted C6 glioma tumors after oral administration, while the uptake, retention, release in human intestinal Caco-2 cells and the effect on the brain endothelial barrier were investigated in Human Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cells (HBMECs). RESULTS The results demonstrated that nano-flavonoids loaded with myricetin showed more evenly distributed targeting tissues and enhanced anti-tumor efficiency in vivo without significant cytotoxicity to Caco-2 cells and alteration in the Trans Epithelial Electric Resistance (TEER). There was no pathological evidence of renal, hepatic or other organs dysfunction after the administration of nanoflavonoids, which showed no significant influence on cytotoxicity to Caco-2 cells. CONCLUSION In conclusion, Labrasol/F68-NMs loaded with MYR and quercetin could enhance antiglioma effect in vitro and in vivo, which may be better tools for medical therapy, while the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of nano-flavonoids may ensure optimal therapeutic benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Shanghai Eighth People's Hospital, Jiangsu University, Shanghai 200235, China
| | - Junjie Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Shanghai Eighth People's Hospital, Jiangsu University, Shanghai 200235, China.,Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan City, Hubei Province 442000, China
| | - Rui Guan
- Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan City, Hubei Province 442000, China
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10
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Absalome MA, Massara CC, Alexandre AA, Gervais K, Chantal GGA, Ferdinand D, Rhedoor AJ, Coulibaly I, George TG, Brigitte T, Marion M, Jean-Paul C. Biochemical properties, nutritional values, health benefits and sustainability of palm oil. Biochimie 2020; 178:81-95. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2020.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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11
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Speciale A, Saija A, Bashllari R, Molonia MS, Muscarà C, Occhiuto C, Cimino F, Cristani M. Anthocyanins As Modulators of Cell Redox-Dependent Pathways in Non-Communicable Diseases. Curr Med Chem 2020; 27:1955-1996. [PMID: 30417771 DOI: 10.2174/0929867325666181112093336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Revised: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Chronic Noncommunicable Diseases (NCDs), mostly represented by cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, chronic pulmonary diseases, cancers, and several chronic pathologies, are one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality, and are mainly related to the occurrence of metabolic risk factors. Anthocyanins (ACNs) possess a wide spectrum of biological activities, such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, cardioprotective and chemopreventive properties, which are able to promote human health. Although ACNs present an apparent low bioavailability, their metabolites may play an important role in the in vivo protective effects observed. This article directly addresses the scientific evidences supporting that ACNs could be useful to protect human population against several NCDs not only acting as antioxidant but through their capability to modulate cell redox-dependent signaling. In particular, ACNs interact with the NF-κB and AP-1 signal transduction pathways, which respond to oxidative signals and mediate a proinflammatory effect, and the Nrf2/ARE pathway and its regulated cytoprotective proteins (GST, NQO, HO-1, etc.), involved in both cellular antioxidant defenses and elimination/inactivation of toxic compounds, so countering the alterations caused by conditions of chemical/oxidative stress. In addition, supposed crosstalks could contribute to explain the protective effects of ACNs in different pathological conditions characterized by an altered balance among these pathways. Thus, this review underlines the importance of specific nutritional molecules for human health and focuses on the molecular targets and the underlying mechanisms of ACNs against various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Speciale
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Antonella Saija
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Romina Bashllari
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Maria Sofia Molonia
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Claudia Muscarà
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.,"Prof. Antonio Imbesi" Foundation, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Cristina Occhiuto
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Francesco Cimino
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Mariateresa Cristani
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
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12
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Laganà P, Coniglio MA, Fiorino M, Delgado AM, Chammen N, Issaoui M, Gambuzza ME, Iommi C, Soraci L, Haddad MA, Delia S. Phenolic Substances in Foods and Anticarcinogenic Properties: A Public Health Perspective. J AOAC Int 2020; 103:935-939. [PMID: 33241352 DOI: 10.1093/jaocint/qsz028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The interest in polyphenols from vegetable sources has been progressively increased because of the demonstrated correlation between their abundance in certain foods or food preparations of traditional importance and heritage, and the answer of anti-inflammatory strategies in hospitalized patients in the presence of polypehnol-rich foods (as a complementary therapy). Consequently, research involving the accessory role of polyphenols as anti-tumoral aids have been carried out with the aim of finding new additional strategies. The purpose of this paper to evaluate the role of phenolic compounds in foods with reference to health effects for human beings. The importance of these molecules has been evaluated by the health and safety perspectives in terms of: fight to cardiovascular diseases; prevention of chronic-degenerative disorders; general antioxidant properties; and anticarcinogenic features. Moreover, the role of polyphenols-rich foods as anticancer agents has been discussed with relation to two distinct "action plans" on the public hygiene level: the promotion of human health on the one side (for non-hospitalized and normal subjects), and reliable contrasting strategies in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pasqualina Laganà
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | | | | | - Amélia Martins Delgado
- MeditBio-Centre for Mediterranean Bioresources and Food, University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal
| | - Nadia Chammen
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie et de Technologie Microbienne, Institut National des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (INSAT), University of Carthage, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Manel Issaoui
- Lab -NAFS Nutrition - Functional Food & Vascular Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Maria E Gambuzza
- Ministry of Health, Territorial Office of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | | | - Luca Soraci
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine Department, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Moawiya A Haddad
- Department of Nutrition and Food Processing, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Al-Balqa Applied University, Al-Salt, Jordan
| | - Santi Delia
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
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13
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Malinowski B, Fajardo Leighton RI, Hill CG, Szandorowski P, Wiciński M. Bioactive Compounds and Their Effect on Blood Pressure-A Review. Nutrients 2020; 12:E1659. [PMID: 32503160 PMCID: PMC7352988 DOI: 10.3390/nu12061659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Elevated blood pressure affects a great part of the elderly population and is the leading risk factor for cardiovascular disease. New approaches have been taken in the fight against this growing problem, in the form of diets (Mediterranean, Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) and intermittent fasting). Recent research has shown the promising results regarding diets and their effect on the prevention and improvement of elevated blood pressure. This review attempts to take this a step further, reviewing 26 studies in the search for dietary elements that may be causing this improvement. Although good evidence was found in favor of lycopene, Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), fiber and anthocyanin, further evidence is needed before any conclusions can be made. In contrast, the evidence shows that licorice increases blood pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bartosz Malinowski
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, M. Curie 9, 85–090 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (R.I.F.L.); (C.G.H.); (P.S.); (M.W.)
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14
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Chen Z, Zhang R, Shi W, Li L, Liu H, Liu Z, Wu L. The Multifunctional Benefits of Naturally Occurring Delphinidin and Its Glycosides. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:11288-11306. [PMID: 31557009 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b05079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Delphinidin (Del) and its glycosides are water-soluble pigments, belonging to a subgroup of flavonoids. They are health-promoting candidates for pharmaceutical and nutraceutical uses, as indicated by exhibiting antioxidation, anti-inflammation, antimicroorganism, antidiabetes, antiobesity, cardiovascular protection, neuroprotection, and anticancer properties. Glycosylation modification of Del is associated with increased stability and reduced biological activity. Del and its glycosides can be the alternative inhibitors of CBRs, ERα/β, EGFR, BCRP, and SGLT-1, and virtual docking indicates that the sugar moiety may not effectively interact with the active sites of the targets. Structure-based characteristics confer the multifunctional properties of Del and its glycosides. Because of their health-promoting effects, Del and its glycosides are promising and have been developed as potential pharmaceuticals. However, more investigation on the underlying mechanisms of Del and its glycosides in mediating cellular processes with high specificity are still needed. The research progression of Del and its glycosides over the last 10 years is comprehensively reviewed in this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixi Chen
- College of Pharmacy , Gannan Medical University , Ganzhou 341000 , China
| | - Rui Zhang
- College of Pharmacy , Gannan Medical University , Ganzhou 341000 , China
| | - Weimei Shi
- College of Pharmacy , Gannan Medical University , Ganzhou 341000 , China
| | - Linfu Li
- College of Pharmacy , Gannan Medical University , Ganzhou 341000 , China
| | - Hai Liu
- College of Pharmacy , Gannan Medical University , Ganzhou 341000 , China
| | - Zhiping Liu
- School of Basic Medicine , Gannan Medical University , Ganzhou 341000 , China
| | - Longhuo Wu
- College of Pharmacy , Gannan Medical University , Ganzhou 341000 , China
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15
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Lim H, Heo MY, Kim HP. Flavonoids: Broad Spectrum Agents on Chronic Inflammation. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2019; 27:241-253. [PMID: 31006180 PMCID: PMC6513185 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2019.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Flavonoids are major plant constituents with numerous biological/pharmacological actions both in vitro and in vivo. Of these actions, their anti-inflammatory action is prominent. They can regulate transcription of many proinflammatory genes such as cyclooxygenase-2/inducible nitric oxide synthase and many cytokines/chemokines. Recent studies have demonstrated that certain flavonoid derivatives can affect pathways of inflammasome activation and autophagy. Certain flavonoids can also accelerate the resolution phase of inflammation, leading to avoiding chronic inflammatory stimuli. All these pharmacological actions with newly emerging activities render flavonoids to be potential therapeutics for chronic inflammatory disorders including arthritic inflammation, meta-inflammation, and inflammaging. Recent findings of flavonoids are summarized and future perspectives are presented in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Lim
- College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Moon Young Heo
- College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Pyo Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
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16
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Krga I, Milenkovic D. Anthocyanins: From Sources and Bioavailability to Cardiovascular-Health Benefits and Molecular Mechanisms of Action. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:1771-1783. [PMID: 30698008 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b06737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Anthocyanins are phytochemicals widely found in plant foods, with berries and fruit-derived beverages as the main dietary sources. Accumulating evidence suggests the positive role of anthocyanins in preserving cardiovascular health. Epidemiological data show an association between anthocyanin intake and lower risk of myocardial infarction and cardiovascular-disease-related mortality. Clinical studies report the beneficial effects of the consumption of different anthocyanin-rich sources on surrogate markers of cardiovascular risk. Animal and in vitro evidence suggest the protective role of anthocyanins in dysfunctions related to the development of cardiovascular diseases. Still, the underlying molecular mechanisms of anthocyanin action seem complex and are not entirely clear. This review aims to give a comprehensive update on anthocyanins and their cardioprotective properties. It provides information on their sources; quantities consumed through diet; absorption; bioavailability; cardiovascular properties; and underlying mechanisms of action, including their effects on gene and protein expression and their interactions with cell-signaling pathways and miRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irena Krga
- Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Medical Research , University of Belgrade , 11000 Belgrade , Serbia
- INRA, UNH, CRNH Auvergne , Université Clermont Auvergne , F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand , France
| | - Dragan Milenkovic
- INRA, UNH, CRNH Auvergne , Université Clermont Auvergne , F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand , France
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, School of Medicine , University of California Davis , Davis , California 95616 , United States
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17
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Di Sotto A, Di Giacomo S, Amatore D, Locatelli M, Vitalone A, Toniolo C, Rotino GL, Lo Scalzo R, Palamara AT, Marcocci ME, Nencioni L. A Polyphenol Rich Extract from Solanum melongena L. DR2 Peel Exhibits Antioxidant Properties and Anti-Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Activity In Vitro. Molecules 2018; 23:E2066. [PMID: 30126139 PMCID: PMC6222547 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23082066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Revised: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
DR2B and DR2C extracts, obtained by ethanolic maceration of peel from commercially and physiologically ripe aubergine berries, were studied for the antioxidative cytoprotective properties and anti-HSV-1 activity, in line with the evidence that several antioxidants can impair viral replication by maintaining reducing conditions in host cells. The antioxidative cytoprotective effects against tBOOH-induced damage were assessed in Caco2 cells, while antiviral activity was studied in Vero cells; polyphenolic fingerprints were characterized by integrated phytochemical methods. Results highlighted different compositions of the extracts, with chlorogenic acid and delphinidin-3-rutinoside as the major constituents; other peculiar phytochemicals were also identified. Both samples reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and exhibited scavenging and chelating properties. DR2C partly counteracted the tBOOH-induced cytotoxicity, with a remarkable lowering of lactate metabolism under both normoxia and hypoxia; interestingly, it increased intracellular GSH levels. Furthermore, DR2C inhibited the HSV-1 replication when added for 24 h after viral adsorption, as also confirmed by the reduction of many viral proteins' expression. Since DR2C was able to reduce NOX4 expression during HSV-1 infection, its antiviral activity may be correlated to its antioxidant properties. Although further studies are needed to better characterize DR2C activity, the results suggest this extract as a promising new anti-HSV-1 agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Di Sotto
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "V. Erspamer", Sapienza University, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
| | - Silvia Di Giacomo
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "V. Erspamer", Sapienza University, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
| | - Donatella Amatore
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci-Bolognetti, Sapienza University, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
| | - Marcello Locatelli
- Department of Pharmacy, University "G. D'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
| | - Annabella Vitalone
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "V. Erspamer", Sapienza University, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
| | - Chiara Toniolo
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Leonardo Rotino
- Research Centre for Genomics and Bioinformatics (CREA-GB), Via Paullese 28, Lodi, 26836 Montanaso Lombardo, Italy.
| | - Roberto Lo Scalzo
- Research Centre for Engineering and Agro-Food Processing (CREA-IT), Via Venezian 26, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - Anna Teresa Palamara
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci-Bolognetti, Sapienza University, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
| | - Maria Elena Marcocci
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci-Bolognetti, Sapienza University, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
| | - Lucia Nencioni
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci-Bolognetti, Sapienza University, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
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18
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Nambooppha B, Photichai K, Wongsawan K, Chuammitri P. Quercetin manipulates the expression of genes involved in the reactive oxygen species (ROS) process in chicken heterophils. J Vet Med Sci 2018; 80:1204-1211. [PMID: 29877311 PMCID: PMC6115250 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.17-0112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Chicken heterophils generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) molecules to defend against
invading pathogens. The present study examined effects of quercetin on chicken
heterophils. Heterophils were stimulated with PBS, 50 µM quercetin (QH),
PMA or Escherichia coli (EC) and the resulting intracellular ROS
molecules were determined. Flow cytometry results showed that cells stimulated with QH,
PMA and EC had a higher ROS production. Increases in intracellular ROS molecules were
identified in all treatment groups by fluorescence microscopy. Determination of the
ability of quercetin to manipulate mRNA expression of ROS subunits was assessed using
real-time RT-PCR. Quercetin and other stimulants up-regulated the majority of genes
involved in ROS production: CYBB (NOX2),
NCF1 (p47phox), NCF2
(p67phox), NOX1 and
RAC2. The antioxidant property of QH was explored by measuring mRNA
expression of CAT and SOD1. The data indicate increased
levels of CAT with all treatments; however, only QH attenuated the
expression of the SOD1 gene. To further investigate the effects of
ROS-driven inflammation or cell death, IL6, CASP8 and
MCL1 genes were preferentially tested. The inflammatory gene
(IL6) was profoundly down-regulated in the QH- and PMA-treated groups
while EC induced a strikingly high IL6 expression level. Investigation of
the known apoptotic (CASP8) and anti-apoptotic (MCL1)
genes found down-regulation of CASP8 in the QH- and PMA-treated groups
which were contradicted to the MCL1 gene. In conclusion, quercetin can
enhance ROS production by regulating the expression of genes involved in ROS production as
well as in subsequent processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boondarika Nambooppha
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
| | - Kornravee Photichai
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
| | - Kanreuthai Wongsawan
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
| | - Phongsakorn Chuammitri
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand.,Excellent Center in Veterinary Biosciences (ECVB), Department of Veterinary Biosciences and Public Health, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
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19
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Zhang D, Du M, Wei Y, Wang C, Shen L. A review on the structure-activity relationship of dietary flavonoids for protecting vascular endothelial function: Current understanding and future issues. J Food Biochem 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.12557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Di Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering; Jiangsu University; Zhenjiang China
| | - Mingzhao Du
- Department of Cardiology; Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Jiangsu University; Zhenjiang China
| | - Ying Wei
- Chinese National Research Institute of Food & Fermentation Industries; Beijing China
| | - Chengtao Wang
- Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives; Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU); Beijing China
| | - Lingqin Shen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Jiangsu University; Zhenjiang China
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20
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Alkhalidy H, Wang Y, Liu D. Dietary Flavonoids in the Prevention of T2D: An Overview. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10040438. [PMID: 29614722 PMCID: PMC5946223 DOI: 10.3390/nu10040438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Revised: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a progressive metabolic disease that is increasing in prevalence globally. It is well established that insulin resistance (IR) and a progressive decline in functional β-cell mass are hallmarks of developing T2D. Obesity is a leading pathogenic factor for developing IR. Constant IR will progress to T2D when β-cells are unable to secret adequate amounts of insulin to compensate for decreased insulin sensitivity. Recently, a considerable amount of research has been devoted to identifying naturally occurring anti-diabetic compounds that are abundant in certain types of foods. Flavonoids are a group of polyphenols that have drawn great interest for their various health benefits. Results from many clinical and animal studies demonstrate that dietary intake of flavonoids might be helpful in preventing T2D, although cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying these effects are still not completely understood. This review discusses our current understanding of the pathophysiology of T2D and highlights the potential anti-diabetic effects of flavonoids and mechanisms of their actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hana Alkhalidy
- Department of Human Nutrition, Foods and Exercise, College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24060, USA.
- Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan.
| | - Yao Wang
- Department of Human Nutrition, Foods and Exercise, College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24060, USA.
| | - Dongmin Liu
- Department of Human Nutrition, Foods and Exercise, College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24060, USA.
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21
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Potential of delphinidin-3-rutinoside extracted from Solanum melongena L. as promoter of osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 function and antagonist of oxidative damage. Eur J Nutr 2018; 58:1019-1032. [DOI: 10.1007/s00394-018-1618-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2017] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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22
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Radical Scavenging and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Representative Anthocyanin Groupings from Pigment-Rich Fruits and Vegetables. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19010169. [PMID: 29316619 PMCID: PMC5796118 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19010169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2017] [Revised: 12/28/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Anthocyanins, the naturally occurring pigments responsible for most red to blue colours of flowers, fruits and vegetables, have also attracted interest because of their potential health effects. With the aim of contributing to major insights into their structure–activity relationship (SAR), we have evaluated the radical scavenging and biological activities of selected purified anthocyanin samples (PASs) from various anthocyanin-rich plant materials: two fruits (mahaleb cherry and blackcurrant) and two vegetables (black carrot and “Sun Black” tomato), differing in anthocyanin content (ranging from 4.9 to 38.5 mg/g DW) and molecular structure of the predominant anthocyanins. PASs from the abovementioned plant materials have been evaluated for their antioxidant capacity using Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity (TEAC) and Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity (ORAC) assays. In human endothelial cells, we analysed the anti-inflammatory activity of different PASs by measuring their effects on the expression of endothelial adhesion molecules VCAM-1 and ICAM-1. We demonstrated that all the different PASs showed biological activity. They exhibited antioxidant capacity of different magnitude, higher for samples containing non-acylated anthocyanins (typical for fruits) compared to samples containing more complex anthocyanins acylated with cinnamic acid derivatives (typical for vegetables), even though this order was slightly reversed when ORAC assay values were expressed on a molar basis. Concordantly, PASs containing non-acylated anthocyanins reduced the expression of endothelial inflammatory antigens more than samples with aromatic acylated anthocyanins, suggesting the potential beneficial effect of structurally diverse anthocyanins in cardiovascular protection.
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23
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X-11-5-27, a daidzein derivative, inhibits NLRP3 inflammasome activity via promoting autophagy. Exp Cell Res 2017; 360:320-327. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2017.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Revised: 09/13/2017] [Accepted: 09/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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24
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Apigenin-7-O-β-D-glucuronide inhibits modified low-density lipoprotein uptake and foam cell formation in macrophages. J Funct Foods 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2017.06.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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25
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Genistein Protects Against Ox-LDL-Induced Inflammation Through MicroRNA-155/SOCS1-Mediated Repression of NF-ĸB Signaling Pathway in HUVECs. Inflammation 2017; 40:1450-1459. [DOI: 10.1007/s10753-017-0588-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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26
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Acharya S, Stark TD, Oh ST, Jeon S, Pak SC, Kim M, Hur J, Matsutomo T, Hofmann T, Hill RA, Balemba OB. (2R,3S,2″R,3″R)-Manniflavanone Protects Proliferating Skeletal Muscle Cells against Oxidative Stress and Stimulates Myotube Formation. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2017; 65:3636-3646. [PMID: 28430433 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b05161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the antioxidative properties of (2R,3S,2″R,3″R)-manniflavanone (MF) using in vitro assays and examined its effects on myogenesis and lactate-induced oxidative stress in C2C12 cells. MF was purified from Garcinia buchananii stem bark. H2O2 and oxygen radical absorbance capacity assays demonstrated that MF is a powerful antioxidant. This finding was supported by diphenylpicrylhydrazine radical scavenging activity of MF. MF was less cytotoxic to C2C12 cells compared to ascorbic acid and myricetin. Moreover, MF accelerated myotube formation in the differentiated C2C12 cells by up-regulating myogenic proteins such as MyoG and myosin heavy chain. Furthermore, MF rescued late differentiation of myoblast suppressed by lactate treatment and up-regulated the expression levels of Nrf2 in lactate-induced oxidative stress, indicating that MF stimulates antioxidative activity inside C2C12 cells. Collectively, MF is a potent antioxidant with a higher safety profile than ascorbic acid and myricetin. It reduces oxidative stress-induced delaying of skeletal muscle differentiation by scavenging reactive oxygen species and regulating myogenic proteins factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suresh Acharya
- Department of Animal and Veterinary Science, University of Idaho , Moscow, Idaho 83844, United States
| | - Timo D Stark
- Chair of Food Chemistry and Molecular Sensory Science, Technische Universität München , Lise-Meitner Strasse 34, D-85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Seung Tack Oh
- Research Institute, Dongkwang Pharmaceutical Company, Ltd. , Toegye-ro, Jung-gu, Seoul 04535, Republic of Korea
| | - Songhee Jeon
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Center for Creative Biomedical Scientists at Chonnam National University , Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea
| | - Sok Cheon Pak
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Charles Sturt University , Bathurst, New South Wales 2795, Australia
| | - Mina Kim
- Korea Food Research Institute , Sungnamsi 13539, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinyoung Hur
- Korea Food Research Institute , Sungnamsi 13539, Republic of Korea
| | - Toshiaki Matsutomo
- Chair of Food Chemistry and Molecular Sensory Science, Technische Universität München , Lise-Meitner Strasse 34, D-85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Thomas Hofmann
- Chair of Food Chemistry and Molecular Sensory Science, Technische Universität München , Lise-Meitner Strasse 34, D-85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Rodney A Hill
- Department of Animal and Veterinary Science, University of Idaho , Moscow, Idaho 83844, United States
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Charles Sturt University , Bathurst, New South Wales 2795, Australia
| | - Onesmo B Balemba
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Idaho , Moscow, Idaho 83844, United States
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27
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Schmeisser K, Fardghassemi Y, Parker JA. A rapid chemical-genetic screen utilizing impaired movement phenotypes in C. elegans: Input into genetics of neurodevelopmental disorders. Exp Neurol 2017; 293:101-114. [PMID: 28373024 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2017.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2016] [Revised: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is the most common neurodevelopmental disorder with a constantly increasing prevalence. Model organisms may be tools to identify underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms, as well as aid the discovery and development of novel therapeutic approaches. A simple animal such as the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans may provide insights into the extreme complexity of ASD genetics. Despite its potential, using C. elegans in ASD research is a controversial approach and has not yet been used extensively in this context. In this study, we present a screening approach of potential C. elegans mutants as potential ASD models. We screened these mutants for motor-deficiency phenotypes, which can be exploited to study underlying mechanisms of the disorder. Selected motor-deficient mutants were then used in a comprehensive drug screen of over 3900 compounds, including many FDA-approved and natural molecules, that were analyzed for their ability to suppress motility defects caused by ASD-associated gene orthologues. This genetic-chemical approach, i.e. establishing C. elegans models for ASD and screening of a well-characterized compound library, might be a promising first step to understand the mechanisms of how gene variations cause neuronal dysfunction, leading to ASD and other neurological disorders. Positively acting compounds could also be promising candidates for preclinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathrin Schmeisser
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montreál (CRCHUM), 900 St-Denis Street, Montreál, Québec H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Yasmin Fardghassemi
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montreál (CRCHUM), 900 St-Denis Street, Montreál, Québec H2X 0A9, Canada; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Université de Montreál, 2960 Chemin de la Tour, Montreál, Québec H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - J Alex Parker
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montreál (CRCHUM), 900 St-Denis Street, Montreál, Québec H2X 0A9, Canada; Department of Neuroscience, Université de Montreál, 2960 Chemin de la Tour, Montreál, Québec H3T 1J4, Canada.
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28
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Cao J, Ye B, Lin L, Tian L, Yang H, Wang C, Huang W, Huang Z. Curcumin Alleviates oxLDL Induced MMP-9 and EMMPRIN Expression through the Inhibition of NF-κB and MAPK Pathways in Macrophages. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:62. [PMID: 28261097 PMCID: PMC5306337 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Rupture of vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques is the leading cause of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and unstable angina pectoris (UA). However, it still lacks an effective therapy to stabilize the vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques. Numerous reports have shown that upregulation of MMP-9 (matrix metalloproteinase-9) and EMMPRIN (extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer) in macrophages is involved in the progression and development of vulnerable plaques. Here we evaluated the impact of curcumin on the expression of MMP-9 and EMMPRIN in macrophages. Macrophages were pretreated with curcumin or specific inhibitors (p38 MAPK inhibitor, NF-κB p65 inhibitor) for 1 h, then cells were cultured with oxLDL for indicated time. Real-time PCR and Western blot analysis were used to evaluate the expression of mRNA and proteins. Translocation of NF-κB p65 was detected by using laser confocal microscopy. Here we showed that curcumin attenuated the MMP-9 and EMMPRIN expression in oxLDL stimulated macrophages. Further studies revealed that curcumin inhibited oxLDL induced NF-κB activation and p38 MAPK phosphorylation. These findings illustrated that curcumin can inhibit the expression of EMMPRIN and MMP-9 in oxLDL stimulated macrophages through down regulation of NF-κB and p38 MAPK signaling pathways, which might be the molecular mechanism for the anti-atherosclerotic effect of curcumin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiatian Cao
- Division of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan UniversityShanghai, China; Division of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Shanghai Ninth Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai, China
| | - Bozhi Ye
- Division of Cardiology, The Key Lab of Cardiovascular Disease of Wenzhou, The First Affiliated Hospital of WenZhou Medical University WenZhou, China
| | - Lu Lin
- Division of Cardiology, The Key Lab of Cardiovascular Disease of Wenzhou, The First Affiliated Hospital of WenZhou Medical University WenZhou, China
| | - Lei Tian
- Division of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Shanghai Ninth Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai, China
| | - Hongbo Yang
- Division of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University Shanghai, China
| | - Changqian Wang
- Division of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Shanghai Ninth Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai, China
| | - Weijian Huang
- Division of Cardiology, The Key Lab of Cardiovascular Disease of Wenzhou, The First Affiliated Hospital of WenZhou Medical University WenZhou, China
| | - Zhouqing Huang
- Division of Cardiology, The Key Lab of Cardiovascular Disease of Wenzhou, The First Affiliated Hospital of WenZhou Medical University WenZhou, China
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Cui Y, Hou P, Li F, Liu Q, Qin S, Zhou G, Xu X, Si Y, Guo S. Quercetin improves macrophage reverse cholesterol transport in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice fed a high-fat diet. Lipids Health Dis 2017; 16:9. [PMID: 28088205 PMCID: PMC5237507 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-016-0393-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Accepted: 12/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Quercetin, one of the most widely distributed flavonoids in plants, has been demonstrated to reduce hyperlipidaemia and atherosclerotic lesion formation. Reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) plays a crucial role in exporting cholesterol from peripheral cells, which is one mechanism utilized in the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis. The aim of this study is to investigate whether quercetin reduces lipid accumulation by improving RCT in vivo. Methods Apolipoprotein E-deficient mice fed a high-fat diet were used to investigate the effect of quercetin on RCT by an isotope tracing method, and the underlying mechanisms were clarified by molecular techniques. Results These novel results demonstrated that quercetin significantly improved [3H]-cholesterol transfer from [3H]-cholesterol-loaded macrophages to the plasma (approximately 34% increase), liver (30% increase), and bile (50% increase) and finally to the feces (approximately 40% increase) for excretion in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice fed a high-fat diet. Furthermore, quercetin markedly increased the cholesterol accepting ability of plasma and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and dramatically decreased the content of malondialdehyde in plasma and oxidized phosphocholine carried by HDL. Therefore, the underlying mechanisms of quercetin in improving RCT may be partially due to the elevated cholesterol accepting ability of HDL, the increased expression levels of proteins related to RCT, such as ATP-binding cassettes (ABC) A1 and G1, and the improved antioxidant activity of HDL. Conclusion Quercetin accelerates RCT in an atherosclerosis model, which is helpful in clarifying the lipid-lowering effect of quercetin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjie Cui
- Key Laboratory of Atherosclerosis in Universities of Shandong Province, Institute of Atherosclerosis, Taishan Medical University, 2# Yingsheng East Road, Taian, Shandong Province, 271000, China
| | - Pengbo Hou
- Key Laboratory of Atherosclerosis in Universities of Shandong Province, Institute of Atherosclerosis, Taishan Medical University, 2# Yingsheng East Road, Taian, Shandong Province, 271000, China.,Research Center on Life Sciences and Environmental Sciences, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, 150076, China
| | - Fahui Li
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Weifang University, Weifang, 261061, China
| | - Qinghua Liu
- Affiliated Hospital of Taishan Medical University, Taian, 271000, China
| | - Shucun Qin
- Key Laboratory of Atherosclerosis in Universities of Shandong Province, Institute of Atherosclerosis, Taishan Medical University, 2# Yingsheng East Road, Taian, Shandong Province, 271000, China.
| | - Guanghai Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Atherosclerosis in Universities of Shandong Province, Institute of Atherosclerosis, Taishan Medical University, 2# Yingsheng East Road, Taian, Shandong Province, 271000, China
| | - Xuelian Xu
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Yanhong Si
- Key Laboratory of Atherosclerosis in Universities of Shandong Province, Institute of Atherosclerosis, Taishan Medical University, 2# Yingsheng East Road, Taian, Shandong Province, 271000, China
| | - Shoudong Guo
- Key Laboratory of Atherosclerosis in Universities of Shandong Province, Institute of Atherosclerosis, Taishan Medical University, 2# Yingsheng East Road, Taian, Shandong Province, 271000, China.
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30
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Tian H, Liu Q, Qin S, Zong C, Zhang Y, Yao S, Yang N, Guan T, Guo S. Synthesis and cardiovascular protective effects of quercetin 7-O-sialic acid. J Cell Mol Med 2017; 21:107-120. [PMID: 27511707 PMCID: PMC5192943 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.12943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2016] [Accepted: 07/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress and inflammation play important roles in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Oxidative stress-induced desialylation is considered to be a primary step in atherogenic modification, and therefore, the attenuation of oxidative stress and/or inflammatory reactions may ameliorate CVD. In this study, quercetin 7-O-sialic acid (QA) was synthesized aiming to put together the cardiovascular protective effect of quercetin and the recently reported anti-oxidant and anti-atherosclerosis functions of N-acetylneuraminic acid. The biological efficacy of QA was evaluated in vitro in various cellular models. The results demonstrated that 50 μM QA could effectively protect human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC, EA.hy926) against hydrogen peroxide- or oxidized low-density lipoprotein-induced oxidative damage by reducing the production of reactive oxygen species. QA attenuated hydrogen peroxide-induced desialylation of HUVEC and lipoproteins. QA decreased lipopolysaccharide-induced secretion of tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), and it significantly reduced the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, TNF-α and MCP-1. Furthermore, QA effectively promoted cholesterol efflux from Raw 264.7 macrophages to apolipoprotein A-1 and high-density lipoprotein by up-regulating ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 and G1, respectively. Results indicated that the novel compound QA exhibited a better capacity than quercetin for anti-oxidation, anti-inflammation, cholesterol efflux promotion and biomolecule protection against desialylation and therefore could be a candidate compound for the prevention or treatment of CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Tian
- Key Laboratory of Atherosclerosis in Universities of Shandong ProvinceInstitute of AtherosclerosisTaishan Medical UniversityTaianChina
| | - Qingchao Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical EngineeringNorthwest UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Shucun Qin
- Key Laboratory of Atherosclerosis in Universities of Shandong ProvinceInstitute of AtherosclerosisTaishan Medical UniversityTaianChina
| | - Chuanlong Zong
- Key Laboratory of Atherosclerosis in Universities of Shandong ProvinceInstitute of AtherosclerosisTaishan Medical UniversityTaianChina
| | - Ying Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Atherosclerosis in Universities of Shandong ProvinceInstitute of AtherosclerosisTaishan Medical UniversityTaianChina
| | - Shutong Yao
- Key Laboratory of Atherosclerosis in Universities of Shandong ProvinceInstitute of AtherosclerosisTaishan Medical UniversityTaianChina
| | - Nana Yang
- Key Laboratory of Atherosclerosis in Universities of Shandong ProvinceInstitute of AtherosclerosisTaishan Medical UniversityTaianChina
| | - Tao Guan
- Key Laboratory of Atherosclerosis in Universities of Shandong ProvinceInstitute of AtherosclerosisTaishan Medical UniversityTaianChina
| | - Shoudong Guo
- Key Laboratory of Atherosclerosis in Universities of Shandong ProvinceInstitute of AtherosclerosisTaishan Medical UniversityTaianChina
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Suantawee T, Cheng H, Adisakwattana S. Protective effect of cyanidin against glucose- and methylglyoxal-induced protein glycation and oxidative DNA damage. Int J Biol Macromol 2016; 93:814-821. [PMID: 27645922 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.09.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2016] [Revised: 08/21/2016] [Accepted: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Cyanidin, a natural anthocyanin abundant in fruits and vegetables, has shown the health benefits due to its pharmacological properties. However, there was no evidence regarding anti-glycation activity of cyanidin. The aim of the study was to investigate the inhibitory effect of cyanidin on methylglyoxal (MG)- and glucose-induced protein glycation in bovine serum albumin (BSA) as well as oxidative DNA damage. Free radical scavenging activity and the MG-trapping ability of cyanidin were also investigated. The results demonstrated that cyanidin (0.125-1mM) significantly inhibited the formation of fluorescent and non-fluorescent AGEs in BSA/MG and BSA/glucose systems. There was a significantly improved protein thiol in BSA/MG and BSA/glucose when incubated with cyanidin. Correspondingly, cyanidin decreased the level of protein carbonyl content in BSA/glucose system. Moreover, cyanidin (0.5-1mM) prevented lysine/MG-mediated oxidative DNA damage in the absence or presence of copper ion. The results demonstrated that cyanidin showed the MG-trapping ability in a concentration-dependent manner. Cyanidin also reduced superoxide anion and hydroxyl radical generation in lysine/MG system. The mechanism by which cyanidin inhibited protein glycation was the MG-trapping ability and the free radical scavenging activity. The present study suggests that cyanidin might be a promising antiglycation agent for preventing or ameliorating AGEs-mediated diabetic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanyawan Suantawee
- Program in Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Henrique Cheng
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - Sirichai Adisakwattana
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
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Krga I, Milenkovic D, Morand C, Monfoulet LE. An update on the role of nutrigenomic modulations in mediating the cardiovascular protective effect of fruit polyphenols. Food Funct 2016; 7:3656-76. [PMID: 27538117 DOI: 10.1039/c6fo00596a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Polyphenols are plant food microconstituents that are widely distributed in the human diet, with fruits and fruit-derived products as one of the main dietary sources. Epidemiological studies have shown an inverse relationship between the intake of different classes of polyphenols and the risk of myocardial infarction or cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality. These compounds have been associated with the promotion of cardiovascular health as evidenced by clinical studies reporting beneficial effects of polyphenol-rich fruit consumption on intermediate markers of cardiovascular diseases. Additionally, animal and in vitro studies have indicated positive roles of polyphenols in preventing dysfunctions associated with the development of cardiovascular diseases. However, the mechanisms of action underlying their beneficial effects appear complex and are not fully understood. This review aims to provide an update on the nutrigenomic effects of different groups of polyphenols from fruits and especially focuses on their cardiovascular protective effects in cell and animal studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Krga
- INRA, UMR 1019, UNH, CRNH Auvergne, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, BP 10448, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France.
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Kuntz S, Kunz C, Domann E, Würdemann N, Unger F, Römpp A, Rudloff S. Inhibition of Low-Grade Inflammation by Anthocyanins after Microbial Fermentation in Vitro. Nutrients 2016; 8:nu8070411. [PMID: 27384582 PMCID: PMC4963887 DOI: 10.3390/nu8070411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2016] [Revised: 06/16/2016] [Accepted: 06/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The anti-inflammatory effects of anthocyanins (ACNs) on vascular functions are discussed controversially because of their low bioavailability. This study was performed to determine whether microorganism (MO)-fermented ACNs influence vascular inflammation in vitro. Therefore, MO growth media were supplemented with an ACN-rich grape/berry extract and growth responses of Escherichia coli, E. faecalis and H. alvei, as well as ACN fermentation were observed. MO supernatants were used for measuring the anti-inflammatory effect of MO-fermented ACNs in an epithelial-endothelial co-culture transwell system. After basolateral enrichment (240 min), endothelial cells were stimulated immediately or after 20 h with TNF-α. Afterwards, leukocyte adhesion, expression of adhesion molecules and cytokine release were measured. Results indicate that E. coli, E. faecalis and H. alvei utilized ACNs differentially concomitant with different anti-inflammatory effects. Whereas E. coli utilized ACNs completely, no anti-inflammatory effects of fermented ACNs were observed on activated endothelial cells. In contrast, ACN metabolites generated by E. faecalis and H. alvei significantly attenuated low-grade stimulated leukocyte adhesion, the expression of adhesion molecules E-selectin, VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 and cytokine secretion (IL-8 and IL-6), as well as NF-κB mRNA expression with a more pronounced effect of E. faecalis than H. alvei. Thus, MO-fermented ACNs have the potential to reduce inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Kuntz
- Department of Pediatrics, Justus Liebig University, Feulgenstrasse 12, Giessen D-35392, Germany.
| | - Clemens Kunz
- Institute of Nutritional Science, Justus Liebig University, Wilhelmstrasse 20, Giessen D-35392, Germany.
| | - Eugen Domann
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, German Centre for Infection Research, DZIF Partner Site Giessen-Marburg-Langen, Justus Liebig University, Schubertstrasse 81, Giessen D-35392, Germany.
| | - Nora Würdemann
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, German Centre for Infection Research, DZIF Partner Site Giessen-Marburg-Langen, Justus Liebig University, Schubertstrasse 81, Giessen D-35392, Germany.
| | - Franziska Unger
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University, Schubertstrasse 60, Giessen D-35392, Germany.
| | - Andreas Römpp
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University, Schubertstrasse 60, Giessen D-35392, Germany.
- Chair of Bioanalytical Sciences and Food Analysis, University of Bayreuth, Frankengut D-95703, Germany.
| | - Silvia Rudloff
- Department of Pediatrics, Justus Liebig University, Feulgenstrasse 12, Giessen D-35392, Germany.
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34
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Anthocyanins and their gut metabolites reduce the adhesion of monocyte to TNFα-activated endothelial cells at physiologically relevant concentrations. Arch Biochem Biophys 2016; 599:51-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2016.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2015] [Revised: 01/20/2016] [Accepted: 02/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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35
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Casati L, Pagani F, Braga PC, Lo Scalzo R, Sibilia V. Nasunin, a new player in the field of osteoblast protection against oxidative stress. J Funct Foods 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2016.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
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36
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Makino J, Asai R, Hashimoto M, Kamiya T, Hara H, Ninomiya M, Koketsu M, Adachi T. Suppression of EC-SOD by oxLDL During Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Proliferation. J Cell Biochem 2016; 117:2496-505. [PMID: 26990420 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.25542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2016] [Accepted: 03/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by endothelial cells and macrophages play important roles in atherogenesis because they promote the formation of oxidized low-density lipoproteins (oxLDL). Extracellular-superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD) is mainly produced by vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), is secreted into the extracellular space, and protects cells from the damaging effects of the superoxide anion. Thus, the expression of EC-SOD in VSMCs is crucial for protecting cells against atherogenesis; however, oxLDL-induced changes in the expression of EC-SOD in VSMCs have not yet been examined. We herein showed that oxLDL decreased EC-SOD mRNA and protein levels by binding to lectin-like oxidized LDL receptor-1 (LOX-1). Moreover, we demonstrated the significant role of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MEK)/extracellular-regulated protein kinase (ERK) signaling in oxLDL-elicited reductions in the expression of EC-SOD and proliferation of VSMCs. The results obtained with the FCS treatment indicate that oxLDL-elicited reductions in the expression of EC-SOD are related to the proliferation of VSMCs. We herein showed for the first time that luteolin, a natural product, restored oxLDL-induced decreases in the expression of EC-SOD and proliferation of VSMCs. Collectively, the results of the present study suggest that oxLDL accelerates the development of atherosclerosis by suppressing the expression of EC-SOD and also that luteolin has potential as a treatment for atherosclerosis. J. Cell. Biochem. 117: 2496-2505, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junya Makino
- Department of Biomedical Pharmaceutics, Laboratory of Clinical Pharmaceutics, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, Gifu 501-1196, Japan
| | - Rei Asai
- Department of Biomedical Pharmaceutics, Laboratory of Clinical Pharmaceutics, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, Gifu 501-1196, Japan
| | - Mao Hashimoto
- Department of Biomedical Pharmaceutics, Laboratory of Clinical Pharmaceutics, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, Gifu 501-1196, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Kamiya
- Department of Biomedical Pharmaceutics, Laboratory of Clinical Pharmaceutics, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, Gifu 501-1196, Japan.
| | - Hirokazu Hara
- Department of Biomedical Pharmaceutics, Laboratory of Clinical Pharmaceutics, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, Gifu 501-1196, Japan
| | - Masayuki Ninomiya
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Mamoru Koketsu
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Adachi
- Department of Biomedical Pharmaceutics, Laboratory of Clinical Pharmaceutics, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, Gifu 501-1196, Japan
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Kong BS, Im SJ, Lee YJ, Cho YH, Do YR, Byun JW, Ku CR, Lee EJ. Vasculoprotective Effects of 3-Hydroxybenzaldehyde against VSMCs Proliferation and ECs Inflammation. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0149394. [PMID: 27002821 PMCID: PMC4803227 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0149394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2015] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
3-hydroxybenzaldehyde (3-HBA) is a precursor compound for phenolic compounds like Protocatechuic aldehyde (PCA). From recent reports, PCA has shown vasculoprotective potency, but the effects of 3-HBA remain unclear. The aim of this study is to investigate the vasculoprotective effects of 3-HBA in endothelial cells, vascular smooth muscle cells and various animal models. We tested effects of 3-HBA in both vitro and vivo. 3-HBA showed that it prevents PDGF-induced vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) migration and proliferation from MTS, BrdU assays and inhibition of AKT phosphorylation. It arrested S and G0/G1 phase of VSMC cell cycle in PI staining and it also showed inhibited expression levels of Rb1 and CD1. In human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), 3-HBA inhibited inflammatory markers and signaling molecules (VCAM-1, ICAM-1, p-NF-κB and p-p38). For ex vivo, 3-HBA has shown dramatic effects in suppressing the sprouting from aortic ring of Spargue Dawley (SD) rats. In vivo data supported the vasculoprotective effects of 3-HBA as it inhibited angiogenesis from Matrigel Plug assay in C57BL6 mouse, prevented ADP-induced thrombus generation, increased blood circulation after formation of thrombus, and attenuated neointima formation induced by common carotid artery balloon injury of SD rats. 3-HBA, a novel therapeutic agent, has shown vasculoprotective potency in both in vitro and in vivo.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Benzaldehydes/pharmacology
- Carotid Artery Injuries/metabolism
- Catechols/pharmacology
- Cell Movement/drug effects
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Cells, Cultured
- G1 Phase/drug effects
- Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells/drug effects
- Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells/metabolism
- Humans
- Inflammation/drug therapy
- Inflammation/metabolism
- Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1/metabolism
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/drug effects
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/drug effects
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/metabolism
- NF-kappa B/metabolism
- Neointima/drug therapy
- Neointima/metabolism
- Phosphorylation/drug effects
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/metabolism
- Rats
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Resting Phase, Cell Cycle/drug effects
- Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Byung Soo Kong
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
- Endocrinology, Institute of Endocrine Research, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soo Jung Im
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
- Endocrinology, Institute of Endocrine Research, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yang Jong Lee
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
- Endocrinology, Institute of Endocrine Research, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yoon Hee Cho
- Endocrinology, Institute of Endocrine Research, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yu Ri Do
- Endocrinology, Institute of Endocrine Research, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung Woo Byun
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
- Endocrinology, Institute of Endocrine Research, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Cheol Ryong Ku
- Endocrinology, Institute of Endocrine Research, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Jig Lee
- Endocrinology, Institute of Endocrine Research, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
- * E-mail:
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Liu-Smith F, Meyskens FL. Molecular mechanisms of flavonoids in melanin synthesis and the potential for the prevention and treatment of melanoma. Mol Nutr Food Res 2016; 60:1264-74. [PMID: 26865001 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201500822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2015] [Revised: 01/26/2016] [Accepted: 01/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Flavonoids are becoming popular nutraceuticals. Different flavonoids show similar or distinct biological effects on different tissues or cell types, which may limit or define their usefulness in cancer prevention and/or treatment application. This review focuses on a few selected flavonoids and discusses their functions in normal and transformed pigment cells, including cyanidin, apigenin, genistein, fisetin, EGCG, luteolin, baicalein, quercetin and kaempferol. Flavonoids exhibit melanogenic or anti-melanogenic effects mainly via transcriptional factor MiTF and/or the melanogenesis enzymes tyrosinase, DCT or TYRP-1. To identify a direct target has been a challenge as most studies were not able to discriminate whether the effect(s) of the flavonoid were from direct targeting or represented indirect effects. Flavonoids exhibit an anti-melanoma effect via inhibiting cell proliferation and invasion and inducing apoptosis. The mechanisms are also multi-fold, via ROS-scavenging, immune-modulation, cell cycle regulation and epigenetic modification including DNA methylation and histone deacetylation. In summary, although many flavonoid compounds are extremely promising nutraceuticals, their detailed molecular mechanism and their multi-target (simultaneously targeting multiple molecules) nature warrant further investigation before advancement to translational studies or clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Liu-Smith
- Department of Epidemiology, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA.,Department of Medicine, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA.,Department of Public Health, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Frank L Meyskens
- Department of Epidemiology, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA.,Department of Medicine, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA.,Department of Public Health, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA.,Department of Biological Chemistry, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA.,Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
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Effect of Terminalia nigrovenulosa extracts and their isolated compounds on intracellular ROS generation and MMP expression in HT1080 cells. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-015-2135-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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40
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Kuntz S, Asseburg H, Dold S, Römpp A, Fröhling B, Kunz C, Rudloff S. Inhibition of low-grade inflammation by anthocyanins from grape extract in an in vitro epithelial-endothelial co-culture model. Food Funct 2016; 6:1136-49. [PMID: 25690135 DOI: 10.1039/c4fo00755g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anthocyanins (ACNs) are the most prevalent flavonoids in berries and their health promoting effects on vascular functions are still discussed. The aim of the present study was to identify the anti-inflammatory effect of ACNs on activated human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) after their transport across an epithelial monolayer. STUDY DESIGN We established a transwell epithelial-endothelial co-culture system with Caco-2/HT29-B6 cells mimicking the intestinal layer and HUVECs as endothelial cells mimicking the vascular layer. Caco-2 were seeded alone (100%) or together with HT29-B6 cells (10 and 20%) on transwell inserts in order to simulate different metabolization sides of the gut. ACNs as well as malvidin-3-glucoside (M3G) were applied to the luminal compartment of the transwell-system. Transport and degradation rates were determined by high performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection (HPLC-UV) or by ultra-PLC coupled to mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS). After 4 hours incubation time, co-cultured HUVECs were used immediately (short-term incubation) or after 20 hours (long-term incubation). Thereafter, HUVECs were stimulated for 3 hours with 1 ng mL(-1) TNF-α to mimic a low-grade or 10 ng mL(-1) to mimic a high-grade inflammation. Afterwards, (1.) leukocyte adhesion, (2.) expression of cell adhesion molecules (ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and E-selectin) and (3.) cytokine expression and secretion (IL-6 and IL-8) were determined using flow cytometry and real-time PCR. RESULTS Degradation and incubation studies revealed that ACNs were differently degraded depending on the ACN structure and the seeding densities. Incubation of ACNs and M3G to Caco-2 cells (100%) led to a fast decrease, which was not observed when HT29-B6 cells were co-cultured (10 and 20%). Concomitantly, anti-inflammatory effects were only observed using 100% Caco-2 cells, whereas mixtures of Caco-2 and HT29-B6 cells failed to induce an effect. ACN extract and M3G significantly attenuated TNF-α-stimulated low-grade leukocyte adhesion, expression of adhesion molecules E-selectin, VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 and cytokine expression and secretion (IL-8 and IL-6) as well as NF-κB mRNA expression. No effects were observed with high TNF-α (10 ng mL(-1)) or after short-term incubation (4 hours). CONCLUSIONS ACNs in physiological concentrations reached the serosal compartment and reduced inflammation-related parameters, which were related to the initial steps during the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Kuntz
- Department of Pediatrics, Feulgenstrasse 12, University of Giessen, Germany.
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41
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Hattori S, Kamiya T, Hara H, Ninomiya M, Koketsu M, Adachi T. CoCl 2 Decreases EC-SOD Expression through Histone Deacetylation in COS7 Cells. Biol Pharm Bull 2016; 39:2036-2041. [DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b16-00551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuhei Hattori
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmaceutics, Gifu Pharmaceutical University
| | - Tetsuro Kamiya
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmaceutics, Gifu Pharmaceutical University
| | - Hirokazu Hara
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmaceutics, Gifu Pharmaceutical University
| | - Masayuki Ninomiya
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University
| | - Mamoru Koketsu
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University
| | - Tetsuo Adachi
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmaceutics, Gifu Pharmaceutical University
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42
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Rui W, Guan L, Zhang F, Zhang W, Ding W. PM2.5-induced oxidative stress increases adhesion molecules expression in human endothelial cells through the ERK/AKT/NF-κB-dependent pathway. J Appl Toxicol 2016; 36:48-59. [PMID: 25876056 DOI: 10.1002/jat.3143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2014] [Revised: 02/04/2015] [Accepted: 02/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to explore the intracellular mechanisms underlying the cardiovascular toxicity of air particulate matter (PM) with an aerodynamic diameter of less than 2.5 µm (PM2.5) in a human umbilical vein cell line, EA.hy926. We found that PM2.5 exposure triggered reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, resulting in a significant decrease in cell viability. Data from Western blots showed that PM2.5 induced phosphorylation of Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), extracellular signal regulatory kinase (ERK), p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and protein kinase B (AKT), and activation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB). We further observed a significant increase in expressions of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and vascular adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Moreover, the adhesion of monocytic THP-1 cells to EA.hy926 cells was greatly enhanced in the presence of PM2.5 . However, N-acetylcysteine (NAC), a scavenger of ROS, prevented the increase of ROS generation, attenuated the phosphorylation of the above kinases, and decreased the NF-κB activation as well as the expression of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1. Furthermore, ERK inhibitor (U0126), AKT inhibitor (LY294002) and NF-κB inhibitor (BAY11-7082) significantly down-regulated PM2.5 -induced ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 expression as well as adhesion of THP-1 cells, but not JNK inhibitor (SP600125) and p38 MAPK inhibitor (SB203580), indicating that ERK/AKT/NF-κB is involved in the signaling pathway that leads to PM2.5 -induced ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 expression. These findings suggest PM2.5 -induced ROS may function as signaling molecules triggering ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 expressions through activating the ERK/AKT/NF-κB-dependent pathway, and further promoting monocyte adhesion to endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Rui
- Laboratory of Environment and Health, College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Longfei Guan
- Laboratory of Environment and Health, College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Fang Zhang
- Laboratory of Environment and Health, College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Laboratory of Environment and Health, College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Wenjun Ding
- Laboratory of Environment and Health, College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, China
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43
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The Antiinflammatory Potential of Flavonoids. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-63602-7.00003-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
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44
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Chaher N, Krisa S, Delaunay JC, Bernillon S, Pedrot E, Mérillon JM, Atmani D, Richard T. Unusual compounds from Galium mollugo and their inhibitory activities against ROS generation in human fibroblasts. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2016; 117:79-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2015.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2015] [Revised: 07/17/2015] [Accepted: 07/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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45
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Kuntz S, Kunz C, Rudloff S. Inhibition of pancreatic cancer cell migration by plasma anthocyanins isolated from healthy volunteers receiving an anthocyanin-rich berry juice. Eur J Nutr 2015; 56:203-214. [PMID: 26476633 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-015-1070-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2015] [Accepted: 09/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Pancreatic cancer is an aggressive cancer type, of which the most important characteristics are migration and metastasis. Anthocyanins (ACN) are discussed to be protective phytochemicals; however, up to now only scarce data are available regarding their effects on cancer prevention. In this study, we aimed to determine whether ACN and their metabolites from plasma (PAM), isolated from blood of healthy volunteers after ingestion of an ACN-rich juice, are effective in modulating cancer cell migration in vitro. METHODS PAM were isolated from blood of healthy volunteers (n = 10) after consumption of an ACN-rich berry juice. Before ingestion (PAM0min) and after 60 min (PAM60min), blood was taken and PAM were isolated from plasma by solid-phase extraction. Migration of pancreatic cancer cells PANC-1 and AsPC-1 was assayed in a Boyden chamber. The influence of PAM on cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) or mitochondria-specific ROS was measured fluorimetrically. mRNA expression levels of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-2 and MMP-9) and NF-κB mRNA were determined by real-time PCR. RESULTS After application of PAM60min to PANC-1, we observed a reduced cell migration, which was associated with reduced levels of endogenously generated ROS concomitant with reduced NF-κB as well as MMP-2 and MMP-9 mRNA expression levels. In AsPC-1 cells, however, migration was not affected by PAM60min. CONCLUSION It can be assumed that physiologically relevant ACN and their metabolites were able to inhibit pancreatic cancer cell migration in dependency of the phenotype of cells and may thus deserve further attention as potential bioactive phytochemicals in cancer prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Kuntz
- Institute of Nutritional Science, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Wilhelmstrasse 20, 35392, Giessen, Germany.
| | - Clemens Kunz
- Institute of Nutritional Science, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Wilhelmstrasse 20, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Silvia Rudloff
- Department of Pediatrics, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Feulgenstrasse 12, 35392, Giessen, Germany
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46
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Lin J, Xu Y, Zhao T, Sun L, Yang M, Liu T, Sun H, Zhang L. Genistein suppresses smooth muscle cell-derived foam cell formation through tyrosine kinase pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 463:1297-304. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.04.155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2015] [Accepted: 04/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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47
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Apigenin Attenuates Atherogenesis through Inducing Macrophage Apoptosis via Inhibition of AKT Ser473 Phosphorylation and Downregulation of Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-2. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2015; 2015:379538. [PMID: 25960827 PMCID: PMC4413885 DOI: 10.1155/2015/379538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2014] [Revised: 03/24/2015] [Accepted: 03/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Macrophage survival is believed to be a contributing factor in the development of early atherosclerotic lesions. Dysregulated apoptosis of macrophages is involved in the inflammatory process of atherogenesis. Apigenin is a flavonoid that possesses various clinically relevant properties such as anti-inflammatory, antiplatelet, and antitumor activities. Here we showed that apigenin attenuated atherogenesis in apoE (-/-) mice in an in vivo test. In vitro experiments suggested that apigenin induced apoptosis of oxidized low density lipoprotein- (OxLDL-) loaded murine peritoneal macrophages (MPMs). Proteomic analysis showed that apigenin reduced the expression of plasminogen activator inhibitor 2 (PAI-2). PAI-2 has antiapoptotic effects in OxLDL-loaded MPMs. Enhancing PAI-2 expression significantly reduced the proapoptosis effects of apigenin. Molecular docking assay with AutoDock software predicted that residue Ser473 of Akt1 is a potential binding site for apigenin. Lentiviral-mediated overexpression of Akt1 wild type weakened the proapoptosis effect of apigenin in OxLDL-loaded MPMs. Collectively, apigenin executes its anti-atherogenic effects through inducing OxLDL-loaded MPMs apoptosis. The proapoptotic effects of apigenin were at least partly attributed to downregulation of PAI-2 through suppressing phosphorylation of AKT at Ser473.
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48
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Dias MMDS, Martino HSD, Noratto G, Roque-Andrade A, Stringheta PC, Talcott S, Ramos AM, Mertens-Talcott SU. Anti-inflammatory activity of polyphenolics from açai (Euterpe oleracea Martius) in intestinal myofibroblasts CCD-18Co cells. Food Funct 2015; 6:3249-56. [DOI: 10.1039/c5fo00278h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
This is the first time that the anti-inflammatory activities of açai polyphenols relevant to intestinal inflammation were demonstrated in colon fibroblasts cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Giuliana Noratto
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science
- Texas A&M University
- College Station
- USA
- Department of Food Science
| | | | | | - Stephen Talcott
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science
- Texas A&M University
- College Station
- USA
| | - Afonso Mota Ramos
- Department of Food Technology
- Federal University of Viçosa
- Viçosa
- Brazil
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49
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Choi YJ, Lee YH, Lee ST. Galangin and kaempferol suppress phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate-induced matrix metalloproteinase-9 expression in human fibrosarcoma HT-1080 cells. Mol Cells 2014; 38:151-5. [PMID: 25518925 PMCID: PMC4332032 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2015.2229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2014] [Revised: 11/04/2014] [Accepted: 11/05/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 degrades type IV collagen in the basement membrane and plays crucial roles in several pathological implications, including tumorigenesis and inflammation. In this study, we analyzed the effect of flavonols on MMP-9 expression in phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA)-induced human fibrosarcoma HT-1080 cells. Galangin and kaempferol efficiently decreased MMP-9 secretion, whereas fisetin only weakly decreased its secretion. Galangin and kaempferol did not affect cell viability at concentrations up to 30 μM. Luciferase reporter assays showed that galangin and kaempferol decrease transcription of MMP-9 mRNA. Moreover, galangin and kaempferol strongly reduce IκBα phosphorylation and significantly decrease JNK phosphorylation. These results indicate that galangin and kaempferol suppress PMA-induced MMP-9 expression by blocking activation of NF-κB and AP-1. Therefore, these flavonols could be used as chemopreventive agents to lower the risk of diseases involving MMP-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Jung Choi
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | - Young Hun Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | - Seung-Taek Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Korea
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50
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de Pascual-Teresa S. Molecular mechanisms involved in the cardiovascular and neuroprotective effects of anthocyanins. Arch Biochem Biophys 2014; 559:68-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2014.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2014] [Revised: 03/26/2014] [Accepted: 04/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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