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Huang Y, Zou S, Zhan P, Hao Z, Lu Q, Jing W, Li Y, Xu Y, Wang H. Dinotefuran induces oxidative stress and autophagy on Bombyx mori silk gland: Toxic effects and implications for nontarget organisms. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 336:122470. [PMID: 37657723 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
Dinotefuran, a third-generation neonicotinoid insecticide, is widely utilized in agriculture for pest control; however, its environmental consequences and risks to non-target organisms remain largely unknown. Bombyx mori is an economically important insect and a good toxic detector for environmental assessments. In this study, ultrastructure analysis showed that dinotefuran exposure caused an increase in autophagic vesicles in the silk gland. Dinotefuran exposure triggered elevated levels of oxidative stress in silk glands. Reactive oxygen species, oxidized glutathione disulfide, glutathione peroxidase, the activities of UDP glucuronosyl-transferase and carboxylesterase were induced in the middle silk gland, while malondialdehyde, reactive oxygen species, superoxide dismutase , oxidized glutathione disulfide were increased in the posterior silk gland. Global transcription patterns revealed the physiological responses were induced by dinotefuran. Dinotefuran exposure substantially induced the expression levels of many genes involved in the mTOR and PI3K - Akt signaling pathways in the middle silk gland, whereas many differentially expressed genes involved in fatty acid and pyrimidine metabolism were found in the posterior silk gland. Additionally, functional, ultrastructural, and transcriptomic analysis indicate that dinotefuran exposure induced an increase of autophagy in the silk gland. This study illuminates the toxicity effects of dinotefuran exposure on silkworms and provides new insights into the underlying molecular toxicity mechanisms of dinotefuran to nontarget organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Huang
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shiyu Zou
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Pengfei Zhan
- Huzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Huzhou, China
| | - Zhihua Hao
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qingyu Lu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenhui Jing
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yinghui Li
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yusong Xu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huabing Wang
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
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2
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Czaja AJ. Examining micro-ribonucleic acids as diagnostic and therapeutic prospects in autoimmune hepatitis. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2022; 18:591-607. [PMID: 35510750 DOI: 10.1080/1744666x.2022.2074839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Micro-ribonucleic acids modulate the immune response by affecting the post-transcriptional expression of genes that influence the proliferation and function of activated immune cells, including regulatory T cells. Individual expressions or patterns in peripheral blood and liver tissue may have diagnostic value, reflect treatment response, or become therapeutic targets. The goals of this review are to present the properties and actions of micro-ribonucleic acids, indicate the key individual expressions in autoimmune hepatitis, and describe prospective clinical applications in diagnosis and management. AREAS COVERED Abstracts were identified in PubMed using the search words "microRNAs", "microRNAs in liver disease", and "microRNAs in autoimmune hepatitis". The number of abstracts reviewed exceeded 2000, and the number of full-length articles reviewed was 108. EXPERT OPINION Individual micro-ribonucleic acids, miR-21, miR-122, and miR-155, have been associated with biochemical severity, histological grade of inflammation, and pivotal pathogenic mechanisms in autoimmune hepatitis. Antisense oligonucleotides that down-regulate deleterious individual gene expressions, engineered molecules that impair targeting of gene products, and drugs that non-selectively up-regulate the biogenesis of potentially deficient gene regulators are feasible treatment options. Micro-ribonucleic acids constitute an under-evaluated area in autoimmune hepatitis that promises to improve diagnosis, pathogenic concepts, and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert J Czaja
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
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3
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Moustafa-Kamal M, Kucharski TJ, El-Assaad W, Abbas YM, Gandin V, Nagar B, Pelletier J, Topisirovic I, Teodoro JG. The mTORC1/S6K/PDCD4/eIF4A Axis Determines Outcome of Mitotic Arrest. Cell Rep 2021; 33:108230. [PMID: 33027666 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.108230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
mTOR is a serine/threonine kinase and a master regulator of cell growth and proliferation. Raptor, a scaffolding protein that recruits substrates to mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1), is known to be phosphorylated during mitosis, but the significance of this phosphorylation remains largely unknown. Here we show that raptor expression and mTORC1 activity are dramatically reduced in cells arrested in mitosis. Expression of a non-phosphorylatable raptor mutant reactivates mTORC1 and significantly reduces cytotoxicity of the mitotic poison Taxol. This effect is mediated via degradation of PDCD4, a tumor suppressor protein that inhibits eIF4A activity and is negatively regulated by the mTORC1/S6K pathway. Moreover, pharmacological inhibition of eIF4A is able to enhance the effects of Taxol and restore sensitivity in Taxol-resistant cancer cells. These findings indicate that the mTORC1/S6K/PDCD4/eIF4A axis has a pivotal role in the death versus slippage decision during mitotic arrest and may be exploited clinically to treat tumors resistant to anti-mitotic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Moustafa-Kamal
- Goodman Cancer Research Center, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Thomas J Kucharski
- Goodman Cancer Research Center, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Wissal El-Assaad
- Goodman Cancer Research Center, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Yazan M Abbas
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Valentina Gandin
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA, USA
| | - Bhushan Nagar
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Jerry Pelletier
- Goodman Cancer Research Center, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Ivan Topisirovic
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada; Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Sir Mortimer B. Davis-Jewish General Hospital, and Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada.
| | - Jose G Teodoro
- Goodman Cancer Research Center, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada.
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Liu D, Ke J, Liu Y, Rao H, Tang Z, Liu Y, Zhang Z, You L, Luo X, Sun Z, He Z, Li F, Qiu Z, Hu J, Mbadhi MN, Tang J, Wu F, Li S. The interaction between PDCD4 and YB1 is critical for cervical cancer stemness and cisplatin resistance. Mol Carcinog 2021; 60:813-825. [PMID: 34499772 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 07/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Cancer multidrug resistance (MDR) is existence in stem cell-like cancer cells characterized by stemness including high-proliferation and self-renewal. Programmed cell death 4 (PDCD4), as a proapoptotic gene, whether it engaged in cancer stemness and cisplatin resistance is still unknown. Here we showed that PDCD4 expressions in Hela/DDP (cisplatin resistance) cells were lower than in parental Hela cells. Moreover, the levels of drug resistance genes and typical stemness markers were markedly elevated in Hela/DDP cells. In vivo, xenograft tumor assay confirmed that knockdown of PDCD4 accelerated the grafted tumor growth. In vitro, colony formation and MTT assay demonstrated that PDCD4 overexpression inhibited cells proliferation in conditions with or without cisplatin. By contrast, PDCD4 deficiency provoked cell proliferation and cisplatin resistance. On mechanism, PDCD4 decreased the protein levels of pAKT and pYB1, accompanied by reduced MDR1 expression. Correspondingly, luciferase reporter assay showed PDCD4 regulated MDR1 promoter activity entirely relied on YB1. Furthermore, Ch-IP, GST-pulldown, and Co-IP assays provided novel evidence that PDCD4 could directly bind with YB1 by the nucleolar localization signal (NOLS) segment, causing the reduced YB1 binding into the MDR1 promoter region through blocking YB1 nucleus translocation, triggering the decreased MDR1 transcription. Taken together, PDCD4-pAKT-pYB1 forms the integrated molecular network to regulate MDR1 transcription during the process of stemness-associated cisplatin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Liu
- Institute of Basic Medical Science, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, P. R. China.,Department of Clinical Laboratory, Central hospital of Xiaogan, Xiaogan, P. R. China
| | - Jing Ke
- Institute of Basic Medical Science, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, P. R. China
| | - Yang Liu
- Institute of Basic Medical Science, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, P. R. China
| | - Huiling Rao
- Institute of Basic Medical Science, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, P. R. China
| | - Zhiming Tang
- Department of Integrated Medicine, Dongfeng Hospital of Guoyao, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, P. R. China
| | - Ying Liu
- Institute of Basic Medical Science, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, P. R. China
| | - Zhaoyang Zhang
- Institute of Basic Medical Science, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, P. R. China
| | - Lei You
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, P. R. China
| | - Xiangyin Luo
- Institute of Basic Medical Science, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, P. R. China
| | - Zequn Sun
- Department of Digestive Disease, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, P. R. China
| | - Zhijun He
- Department of Digestive Disease, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, P. R. China
| | - Fei Li
- Institute of Basic Medical Science, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, P. R. China
| | - Zhengpeng Qiu
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Junjie Hu
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | | | - Junming Tang
- Institute of Basic Medical Science, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, P. R. China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, P. R. China
| | - Fuyun Wu
- Institute of Basic Medical Science, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, P. R. China
| | - Shan Li
- Institute of Basic Medical Science, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, P. R. China.,Department of Integrated Medicine, Dongfeng Hospital of Guoyao, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, P. R. China.,Department of Digestive Disease, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, P. R. China
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5
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Chen G, Li PH, He JY, Su YL, Chen HJ, Dong JD, Huang YH, Huang XH, Jiang YF, Qin QW, Sun HY. Molecular cloning, inducible expression with SGIV and Vibrio alginolyticus challenge, and function analysis of Epinephelus coioides PDCD4. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 119:104013. [PMID: 33465381 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2021.104013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Programmed cell death 4 (PDCD4) in mammals, a gene closely associated with apoptosis, is involved in many biological processes, such as cell aging, differentiation, regulation of cell cycle, and inflammatory response. In this study, grouper Epinephelus coioides PDCD4, EcPDCD4-1 and EcPDCD4-2, were obtained. The open reading frame (ORF) of EcPDCD4-1 is 1413 bp encoding 470 amino acids with a molecular mass of 52.39 kDa and a theoretical pI of 5.33. The ORF of EcPDCD4-2 is 1410 bp encoding 469 amino acids with a molecular mass of 52.29 kDa and a theoretical pI of 5.29. Both EcPDCD4-1 and EcPDCD4-2 proteins contain two conserved MA3 domains, and their mRNA were detected in all eight tissues of E. coioides by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) with the highest expression in liver. The expressions of two EcPDCD4s were significantly up-regulated after Singapore grouper iridovirus (SGIV) or Vibrio alginolyticus infection. In addition, over-expression of EcPDCD4-1 or EcPDCD4-2 can inhibit the activity of the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and activator protein-1 (AP-1), and regulate SGIV-induced apoptosis. The results demonstrated that EcPDCD4s might play important roles in E. coioides tissues during pathogen-caused inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo Chen
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Regions on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong Province, PR China; Hainan Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Biotechnology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, PR China; Department of Laboratory, Jining No.1 People's Hospital; Postdoctoral Mobile Station of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong, 272111, PR China; Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang Province, 310058, PR China
| | - Pin-Hong Li
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Regions on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Jia-Yang He
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Regions on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Yu-Ling Su
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Regions on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - He-Jia Chen
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Regions on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Jun-De Dong
- Hainan Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Biotechnology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, PR China
| | - You-Hua Huang
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Regions on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Xiao-Hong Huang
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Regions on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Yu-Feng Jiang
- Department of Laboratory, Jining No.1 People's Hospital; Postdoctoral Mobile Station of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong, 272111, PR China.
| | - Qi-Wei Qin
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Regions on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong Province, PR China.
| | - Hong-Yan Sun
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Regions on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong Province, PR China.
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6
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Aloizou AM, Pateraki G, Siokas V, Mentis AFA, Liampas I, Lazopoulos G, Kovatsi L, Mitsias PD, Bogdanos DP, Paterakis K, Dardiotis E. The role of MiRNA-21 in gliomas: Hope for a novel therapeutic intervention? Toxicol Rep 2020; 7:1514-1530. [PMID: 33251119 PMCID: PMC7677650 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2020.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Gliomas are the most common primary brain tumors in adults. They are generally very resistant to treatment and are therefore associated with negative outcomes. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, non-coding RNA molecules that affect many cellular processes by regulating gene expression and, post-transcriptionally, the translation of mRNAs. MiRNA-21 has been consistently shown to be upregulated in glioma and research has shown that it is involved in a wide variety of biological pathways, promoting tumor cell survival and invasiveness. Furthermore, it has been implicated in resistance to treatment, both against chemotherapy and radiotherapy. In this review, we gathered the existent data on miRNA-21 and gliomas, in terms of its expression levels, association with grade and prognosis, the pathways it involves and its targets in glioma, and finally how it leads to treatment resistance. Furthermore, we discuss how this knowledge could be applied in clinical practice in the years to come. To our knowledge, this is the first review to assess in extent and depth the role of miRNA-21 in gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athina-Maria Aloizou
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, University of Thessaly, University Hospital of Larissa, Larissa, Greece
| | - Georgia Pateraki
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, University of Thessaly, University Hospital of Larissa, Larissa, Greece
| | - Vasileios Siokas
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, University of Thessaly, University Hospital of Larissa, Larissa, Greece
| | - Alexios-Fotios A Mentis
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, University of Thessaly, University Hospital of Larissa, Larissa, Greece.,Public Health Laboratories, Hellenic Pasteur Institute, Athens, Greece
| | - Ioannis Liampas
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, University of Thessaly, University Hospital of Larissa, Larissa, Greece
| | - George Lazopoulos
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University General Hospital of Heraklion, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Leda Kovatsi
- Laboratory of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece
| | - Panayiotis D Mitsias
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Dimitrios P Bogdanos
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University General Hospital of Larissa, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Viopolis 40500, Larissa, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Paterakis
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Thessaly, University Hospital of Larissa, Larissa, Greece
| | - Efthimios Dardiotis
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, University of Thessaly, University Hospital of Larissa, Larissa, Greece
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7
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Qiu X, Wei Y, Liu C, Ding C, Zhao S. Hyperandrogen enhances apoptosis of human ovarian granulosa cells via up-regulation and demethylation of PDCD4. Gynecol Endocrinol 2020; 36:333-337. [PMID: 31423917 DOI: 10.1080/09513590.2019.1653844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Apoptosis of granulosa cells (GCs) induced by hyperandrogen plays a key role in the pathogenesis of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). However, the mechanism of androgen-induced apoptosis of GCs has not been clarified to date. Recent studies have reported that PDCD4 expression is higher in PCOS patients and might be a key factor in PCOS progression. In this study, we aimed to investigate the role of PDCD4 in regulating apoptosis of human GCs and whether hyperandrogen regulate PDCD4 expression through DNA methylation. Overexpression of PDCD4 in human ovarian granulosa cell line KGN cells promoted cells apoptosis. Meanwhile, expression of caspase-3 and caspase-9 were significantly elevated. High concentration of testosterone treatment resulted in up-regulation of PDCD4 and a significant increase of apoptosis in KGN cells. In addition, knockdown of PDCD4 in KGN cells treated with high concentration of testosterone abolished the hyperandrogen-induced apoptosis. Furthermore, high concentration of testosterone down-regulated DNMT1, DNMT3A and DNMT3B expression and the methylation level in the promoter region of PDCD4 was decreased. In conclusion, PDCD4 can promote apoptosis of human ovarian GCs. The mechanism of hyperandrogen-induced apoptosis may be mediated by PDCD4. Furthermore, the up-regulation of PDCD4 induced by hyperandrogen may through demethylation of its promoter regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuemei Qiu
- Department of Reproductive Center, Zaozhuang Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Zaozhuang, China
| | - Youhua Wei
- Medical Heredity and Prenatal Screening Department, Zaozhuang Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Zaozhuang, China
| | - Chengwen Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zaozhuang Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Zaozhuang, China
| | - Chen Ding
- Department of Reproductive Center, Zaozhuang Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Zaozhuang, China
| | - Shuqin Zhao
- Department of Reproductive Center, Zaozhuang Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Zaozhuang, China
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8
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Li L, Qi F, Wang K. Matrine Restrains Cell Growth and Metastasis by Up-Regulating LINC00472 in Bladder Carcinoma. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:1241-1251. [PMID: 32110098 PMCID: PMC7035902 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s224701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Bladder Carcinoma (BC) is a malignant carcinoma with a high incidence in masculinity. We preliminarily researched the efficacy and mechanism of matrine (MAT) in T24 and 5637 cells. Patients and Methods CCK-8, flow cytometry, migration and invasion means were adopted to detect cell viability, apoptosis, migratory and invasive potentials. Moreover, LINC00472 expression was changed via transfection assays and was tested by RT-qPCR. Western blot was used for investigating the levels of CyclinD1, p53, Bcl-2, Bax, pro-Caspase-3, Cleaved-Caspase-3, β-actin, programmed cell death protein 4 (PDCD4) and relate-proteins of cell pathways. Tumor volume and weight were tested via animal experiments. Results MAT could not affect the growth of SV-HUC-1 cell but MAT promoted tumor cell apoptosis but restrained viability, invasion and migration. Furthermore, LINC00472 was prominently low expressed in BC tissues. MAT positively regulated LINC00472 and transfection with si-00472 could partly reverse the efficacies of MAT. Moreover, MAT enhanced PDCD4 expression by up-regulating LINC00472. Besides, we discovered MAT elevated PTEN but restrained PI3K/AKT proteins. Finally, tumor volume and weight were declined by MAT in vivo via up-regulating LINC00472. Conclusion MAT restrained cell growth and metastasis but promoted PDCD4 expression by up-regulating LINC00472 via restraining PTEN/PI3K/AKT pathway in BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Li
- Department of Operating Room, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130033, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Qi
- Department of Operating Room, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130033, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Kaichen Wang
- Department of Urinary Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130033, Jilin, People's Republic of China
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9
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Zhao Y, Tao M, Wei M, Du S, Wang H, Wang X. Mesenchymal stem cells derived exosomal miR-323-3p promotes proliferation and inhibits apoptosis of cumulus cells in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 47:3804-3813. [PMID: 31549864 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2019.1669619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a heterogeneous reproductive disease. Adipose mesenchymal stem cells (AMSCs) can produce a mass of exosomes. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of exosomal miR-323-3p on cumulus cells (CCs) of PCOS patients. Exosomal miR-323-3p were collected from modified AMSCs. Real-time PCR, western blots, MTT assays, flow cytometry, luciferase reporter assays and a letrozole-induced PCOS mouse model were used to identify mechanisms of exosomal miR-323-3p on CCs. The results revealed that miR-323-3p expression was upregulated in AMSCs, exosomes and CCs. Upregulated miR-323-3p promoted cell proliferation and suppressed apoptosis in CCs, while miR-323-3p inhibitor exerted opposite roles in exosome-treated CCs. Moreover, PDCD4 was upregulated in PCOS CCs, displayed an inverse expression pattern to those of miR-323-3p, and was a direct target of miR-323-3p. Overexpression of PDCD4 reversed the effects of upregulated miR-323-3p on CCs. Serum FSH, LH and testosterone were upregulated while E2 levels were downregulated in the PCOS mice. Upregulation of miR-323-3p alleviated PCOS by suppressing CCs' apoptosis through targeting PDCD4 in vivo. The results demonstrated that exosomal miR-323-3p promoted cell proliferation and inhibited apoptosis in CCs through targeting PDCD4 in PCOS. This study provides insight into developing new therapeutic strategies for PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinghui Zhao
- Gynecology Department, Jinan City People Hospital , Jinan , Shandong , China
| | - Mei Tao
- Gynecology Department, Jinan City People Hospital , Jinan , Shandong , China
| | - Meiling Wei
- Gynecology Department, Jinan City People Hospital , Jinan , Shandong , China
| | - Shengye Du
- Gynecology Department, Jinan City People Hospital , Jinan , Shandong , China
| | - Hongping Wang
- Gynecology Department, Jinan City People Hospital , Jinan , Shandong , China
| | - Xiaohong Wang
- Gynecology Department, Jinan City People Hospital , Jinan , Shandong , China
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10
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Lewis V, Laberge F, Heyland A. Temporal Profile of Brain Gene Expression After Prey Catching Conditioning in an Anuran Amphibian. Front Neurosci 2020; 13:1407. [PMID: 31992968 PMCID: PMC6971186 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.01407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A key goal in modern neurobiology is to understand the mechanisms underlying learning and memory. To that end, it is essential to identify the patterns of gene expression and the temporal sequence of molecular events associated with learning and memory processes. It is also important to ascertain if and how these molecular events vary between organisms. In vertebrates, learning and memory processes are characterized by distinct phases of molecular activity involving gene transcription, structural change, and long-term maintenance of such structural change in the nervous system. Utilizing next generation sequencing techniques, we profiled the temporal expression patterns of genes in the brain of the fire-bellied toad Bombina orientalis after prey catching conditioning. The fire-bellied toad is a basal tetrapod whose neural architecture and molecular pathways may help us understand the ancestral state of learning and memory mechanisms in tetrapods. Differential gene expression following conditioning revealed activity in molecular pathways related to immediate early genes (IEG), cytoskeletal modification, axon guidance activity, and apoptotic processes. Conditioning induced early IEG activity coinciding with transcriptional activity and neuron structural modification, followed by axon guidance and cell adhesion activity, and late neuronal pruning. While some of these gene expression patterns are similar to those found in mammals submitted to conditioning, some interesting divergent expression profiles were seen, and differential expression of some well-known learning-related mammalian genes is missing altogether. These results highlight the importance of using a comparative approach in the study of the mechanisms of leaning and memory and provide molecular resources for a novel vertebrate model in the relatively poorly studied Amphibia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vern Lewis
- Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | | | - Andreas Heyland
- Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
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11
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Zhao M, Zhu N, Hao F, Song Y, Wang Z, Ni Y, Ding L. The Regulatory Role of Non-coding RNAs on Programmed Cell Death Four in Inflammation and Cancer. Front Oncol 2019; 9:919. [PMID: 31620370 PMCID: PMC6759660 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Programmed cell death 4 (PDCD4) is a tumor suppressor gene implicated in many cellular functions, including transcription, translation, apoptosis, and the modulation of different signal transduction pathways. The downstream mechanisms of PDCD4 have been well-discussed, but its upstream regulators have not been systematically summarized. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) are gene transcripts with no protein-coding potential but play a pivotal role in the regulation of the pathogenesis of solid tumors, cardiac injury, and inflamed tissue. In recent studies, many ncRNAs, especially microRNAs (miRNAs) and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), were found to interact with PDCD4 to manipulate its expression through transcriptional regulation and function as oncogenes or tumor suppressors. For example, miR-21, as a classic oncogene, was identified as the key regulator of PDCD4 by targeting its 3′-untranslated region (UTR) to promote tumor proliferation, migration, and invasion in colon, breast, and bladder carcinoma. Therefore, we reviewed the recently emerging pleiotropic regulation of PDCD4 by ncRNAs in cancer and inflammatory disorders and aimed to shed light on the mechanisms of associated diseases, which could be conducive to the development of novel treatment strategies for PDCD4-induced diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengxiang Zhao
- Central Laboratory Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Nisha Zhu
- Central Laboratory Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fengyao Hao
- Central Laboratory Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuxian Song
- Central Laboratory Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhiyong Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Yanhong Ni
- Central Laboratory Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Liang Ding
- Central Laboratory Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
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12
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Al-Modawi RN, Brinchmann JE, Karlsen TA. Multi-pathway Protective Effects of MicroRNAs on Human Chondrocytes in an In Vitro Model of Osteoarthritis. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2019; 17:776-790. [PMID: 31446120 PMCID: PMC6716067 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2019.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2018] [Revised: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common degenerative joint disease. One of the main pathogenic factors of OA is thought to be inflammation. Other factors associated with OA are dysregulation of microRNAs, reduced autophagic activity, oxidative stress, and altered metabolism. microRNAs are small non-coding RNAs that are powerful regulators of gene expression. miR-140-5p is considered a cartilage-specific microRNA, is necessary for in vitro chondrogenesis, has anti-inflammatory properties, and is downregulated in osteoarthritic cartilage. Its passenger strand, miR-140-3p, is the most highly expressed microRNA in healthy cartilage and increases during in vitro chondrogenesis. miR-146a is a well-known anti-inflammatory microRNA. Several studies have illustrated its role in OA and autoimmune diseases. We show that, when human chondrocytes were transfected individually with miR-140-5p, miR-140-3p, or miR-146a prior to stimulation with interleukin-1 beta and tumor factor necrosis-alpha as an inflammatory model of OA, each of these microRNAs exhibited similar protective effects. Mass spectrometry analysis provided an insight to the altered proteome. All three microRNAs downregulated important inflammatory mediators. In addition, they affected different proteins belonging to the same biological processes, suggesting an overall inhibition of inflammation and oxidative stress, enhancement of autophagy, and restoration of other homeostatic cellular mechanisms, including metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rua Nader Al-Modawi
- Norwegian Center for Stem Cell Research, Department of Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Jan E Brinchmann
- Norwegian Center for Stem Cell Research, Department of Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway; Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Tommy A Karlsen
- Norwegian Center for Stem Cell Research, Department of Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
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13
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Analysis of the microRNA Expression Profile of Bovine Monocyte-derived Macrophages Infected with Mycobacterium avium subsp. Paratuberculosis Reveals that miR-150 Suppresses Cell Apoptosis by Targeting PDCD4. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20112708. [PMID: 31159463 PMCID: PMC6600136 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20112708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) is the causative pathogen of Johne’s disease, a chronic granulomatous enteritis that principally affects ruminants and can survive, proliferate and disseminate in macrophages. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are important regulators of gene expression and can impact the processes of cells. To investigate the role of miRNAs in monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) during MAP infection, we used high-throughput sequencing technology to analyze small RNA libraries of MAP-infected and control MDMs. The results showed that a total of 21 miRNAs were differentially expressed in MDMs after MAP infection, and 8864 target genes were predicted. A functional analysis showed that the target genes were mainly involved in the MAPK signaling pathway, Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, NF-kappa B signaling pathway and apoptosis. In addition, using a dual-luciferase reporter assay, flow cytometry, and a small interfering (si)RNA knockdown assay, the role of miR-150 in regulating macrophage apoptosis by targeting the programmed cell death protein-4 (PDCD4) was demonstrated. These results provide an experimental basis to reveal the regulatory mechanism of MAP infection and suggest the potential of miRNAs as biomarkers for the diagnosis of Johne’s disease in bovines.
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14
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A Feedback Loop between MicroRNA 155 (miR-155), Programmed Cell Death 4, and Activation Protein 1 Modulates the Expression of miR-155 and Tumorigenesis in Tongue Cancer. Mol Cell Biol 2019; 39:MCB.00410-18. [PMID: 30617160 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00410-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA 155 (miR-155) is an oncomir, generated as a noncoding RNA from the BIC gene whose promoter activity is mainly controlled via activation protein 1 (AP-1) and NF-κB transcription factors. We found that the expression levels of miR-155 and programmed cell death 4 (Pdcd4) exhibit inverse relationships in tongue cancer cells (SAS and AWL) and tumor tissues compared to their relationships in normal FBM cells and normal tongue tissues, respectively. In silico and in vitro studies with the 3' untranslated region (UTR) of Pdcd4 via luciferase reporter assays, quantitative PCR (qPCR), and Western blotting showed that miR-155 directly targets Pdcd4 mRNA and blocks its expression. Ectopic expression of Pdcd4 or knockdown of miR-155 in tongue cancer cells predominantly reduces AP-1-dependent transcriptional activity of the BIC promoter and decreases miR-155 expression. In this study, we demonstrate that miR-155 expression is modulated by a feedback loop between Pdcd4, AP-1, and miR-155 which results in enhanced expression of miR-155 with a consequent progression of tongue tumorigenesis. Further, miR-155 knockdown increases apoptosis, arrests the cell cycle, regresses tumor size in xenograft nude mice, and reduces cell viability and colony formation in soft-agar and clonogenic assays. Thus, the restoration of Pdcd4 levels by the use of molecular manipulation such as using a miR-155 sponge has an essential role in the therapeutic intervention of cancers, including tongue cancer.
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15
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Breton TS, Kenter LW, Greenlaw K, Montgomery J, Goetz GW, Berlinsky DL, Luckenbach JA. Initiation of sex change and gonadal gene expression in black sea bass (Centropristis striata) exposed to exemestane, an aromatase inhibitor. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2018; 228:51-61. [PMID: 30414915 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2018.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Revised: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Many teleost fishes exhibit sequential hermaphroditism, where male or female gonads develop first and later undergo sex change. Model sex change species are characterized by social hierarchies and coloration changes, which enable experimental manipulations to better understand these processes. However, other species such as the protogynous black sea bass (Centropristis striata) do not exhibit these characteristics and instead receive research attention due to their importance in fisheries or aquaculture. Black sea bass social structure is unknown, which makes sex change sampling difficult, and few molecular resources are available. The purpose of the present study was to induce sex change using exemestane, an aromatase inhibitor, and assess gonadal gene expression using sex markers (amh, zpc2) and genes involved in steroidogenesis (cyp19a1a, cyp11b), estrogen signaling (esr1, esr2b), and apoptosis or atresia (aen, casp9, fabp11, parg, pdcd4, rif1). Overall, dietary exemestane treatment was effective, and most exposed females exhibited early histological signs of sex change and significantly higher rates of ovarian atresia relative to control females. Genes associated with atresia did not reflect this, however, as expression patterns in sex changing gonads were overall similar to those of ovaries, likely due to a whole ovary dilution effect of the RNA. Still, small but insignificant expression decreases during early sex change were detected for ovary-related genes (aen, casp9, fabp11, zpc2) and anti-apoptotic factors (parg, rif1). Exemestane treatment did not impact spermatogenesis or testicular gene expression, but testes were generally characterized by elevated steroidogenic enzyme and estrogen receptor mRNAs. Further research will be needed to understand these processes in black sea bass, using isolated ovarian follicles and multiple stages of sex change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy S Breton
- Division of Natural Sciences, University of Maine at Farmington, 173 High Street, Farmington, ME 04938, USA.
| | - Linas W Kenter
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of New Hampshire, 38 College Road, Durham, NH 03824, USA
| | - Katherine Greenlaw
- Division of Natural Sciences, University of Maine at Farmington, 173 High Street, Farmington, ME 04938, USA
| | - Jacob Montgomery
- Division of Natural Sciences, University of Maine at Farmington, 173 High Street, Farmington, ME 04938, USA
| | - Giles W Goetz
- School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - David L Berlinsky
- Department of Agriculture, Nutrition, and Food Systems, University of New Hampshire, 46 College Road, Durham, NH 03824, USA
| | - J Adam Luckenbach
- Environmental and Fisheries Sciences Division, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, WA 98112, USA; Center for Reproductive Biology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
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16
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Sadie-Van Gijsen H. Adipocyte biology: It is time to upgrade to a new model. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:2399-2425. [PMID: 30192004 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Globally, the obesity pandemic is profoundly affecting quality of life and economic productivity, but efforts to address this, especially on a pharmacological level, have generally proven unsuccessful to date, serving as a stark demonstration that our understanding of adipocyte biology and pathophysiology is incomplete. To deliver better insight into adipocyte function and obesity, we need improved adipocyte models with a high degree of fidelity in representing the in vivo state and with a diverse range of experimental applications. Adipocyte cell lines, especially 3T3-L1 cells, have been used extensively over many years, but these are limited in terms of relevance and versatility. In this review, I propose that primary adipose-derived stromal/stem cells (ASCs) present a superior model with which to study adipocyte biology ex vivo. In particular, ASCs afford us the opportunity to study adipocytes from different, functionally distinct, adipose depots and to investigate, by means of in vivo/ex vivo studies, the effects of many different physiological and pathophysiological factors, such as age, body weight, hormonal status, diet and nutraceuticals, as well as disease and pharmacological treatments, on the biology of adipocytes and their precursors. This study will give an overview of the characteristics of ASCs and published studies utilizing ASCs, to highlight the areas where our knowledge is lacking. More comprehensive studies in primary ASCs will contribute to an improved understanding of adipose tissue, in healthy and dysfunctional states, which will enhance our efforts to more successfully manage and treat obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanél Sadie-Van Gijsen
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Parow, South Africa.,Division of Medical Physiology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Parow, South Africa
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17
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Wang R, Zhou S, Wu P, Li M, Ding X, Sun L, Xu X, Zhou X, Zhou L, Cao C, Fei G. Identifying Involvement of H19-miR-675-3p-IGF1R and H19-miR-200a-PDCD4 in Treating Pulmonary Hypertension with Melatonin. MOLECULAR THERAPY-NUCLEIC ACIDS 2018; 13:44-54. [PMID: 30240970 PMCID: PMC6146608 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2018.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Revised: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 08/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Non-coding RNAs play an important role in the pathogenesis of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). The aim of this study was to characterize the therapeutic role of melatonin as well as the underlying molecular mechanism (its effects on the expression of H19 and its downstream signaling pathways) in the treatment of PAH. Real-time PCR and western blot analysis were performed to evaluate the expression of H19, miR-200a, miR-675, insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF1R), and programmed cell death 4 (PDCD4). The value of systolic pulmonary artery pressure (SPAP) and the ratio of medial thickening in the monocrotaline (MCT) group were increased, whereas the melatonin treatment could decrease these values to some extent. The weights of RV (right ventricle), LV (left ventricle) + IVS (interventricular septal), and RV/(LV + IVS) in the MCT group were much higher than those in the MCT + melatonin and control groups. In addition, the expression of H19, miR-675, IGF1R mRNA, and IGF1R protein in the MCT group was the highest, whereas their expression in the control group was the lowest. The expression of miR-200, PDCD4 mRNA, and PDCD4 protein in the MCT group was the lowest, whereas their expression in the control group was the highest. Furthermore, H19 directly suppressed the expression of miR-200a, whereas miR-675-3p and miR-200a directly inhibited the expression of IGF1R and PDCD4, respectively. Finally, melatonin treatment inhibited cell proliferation; upregulated the expression of H19, miR-675-3p, and PDCD4; and downregulated the expression of miR-200a and IGF1R. This study demonstrated the role of H19-miR-675-3p-IGF1R- and H19-miR-200a-PDCD4-signaling pathways in the melatonin treatment of PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Sijing Zhou
- Hefei Prevention and Treatment Center for Occupational Diseases, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Peipei Wu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Xing Ding
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Li Sun
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Xuan Xu
- Division of Pulmonary/Critical Care Medicine, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90015, USA
| | - Xuexin Zhou
- The First Clinical College of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Luqian Zhou
- The First Clinical College of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Chao Cao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo 315000, China.
| | - Guanghe Fei
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China.
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18
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Vikhreva PN, Kalinichenko SV, Korobko IV. Programmed cell death 4 mechanism of action: The model to be updated? Cell Cycle 2017; 16:1761-1764. [PMID: 28853972 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2017.1371881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Programmed cell death 4 (Pdcd4) is frequently suppressed in tumors of various origins and its suppression correlates with tumor progression. Pdcd4 inhibits cap-dependent translation from mRNAs with highly structured 5'-regions through interaction with the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4A (eIF4A) helicase and a target transcript. Decrease in Pdcd4 protein is believed to provide a relief of otherwise suppressed eIF4A-dependent translation of proteins facilitating tumor progression. However, it remains unknown if lowered Pdcd4 levels in cells suffices to cause a relief in translation inhibition through appearance of the Pdcd4-free translation-competent eIF4A protein, or more complex and selective mechanisms are involved. Here we showed that eIF4A1, the eIF4A isoform involved in translation, significantly over-represents Pdcd4 both in cancerous and normal cells. This observation excludes the possibility that cytoplasmic Pdcd4 can efficiently exert its translation suppression function owing to excess of eIF4A, with Pdcd4-free eIF4A being in excess over Pdcd4-bound translation-incompetent eIF4A, thus leaving translation from Pdcd4 mRNA targets unaffected. This contradiction is resumed in the proposed model, which supposes initial complexing between Pdcd4 and its target mRNAs in the nucleus, with subsequent transport of translation-incompetent, Pdcd4-bound target mRNAs into the cytoplasm. Noteworthy, loss of nuclear Pdcd4 in cancer cells was reported to correlate with tumor progression, which supports the proposed model of Pdcd4 functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Polina N Vikhreva
- a Laboratory of Molecular Oncogenetics , Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences , Moscow , Russia
| | - Svetlana V Kalinichenko
- a Laboratory of Molecular Oncogenetics , Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences , Moscow , Russia
| | - Igor V Korobko
- a Laboratory of Molecular Oncogenetics , Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences , Moscow , Russia
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19
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Nedaeinia R, Avan A, Ahmadian M, Nia SN, Ranjbar M, Sharifi M, Goli M, Piroozmand A, Nourmohammadi E, Manian M, Ferns GA, Ghayour-Mobarhan M, Salehi R. Current Status and Perspectives Regarding LNA-Anti-miR Oligonucleotides and microRNA miR-21 Inhibitors as a Potential Therapeutic Option in Treatment of Colorectal Cancer. J Cell Biochem 2017; 118:4129-4140. [PMID: 28401648 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is among the leading causes of cancer-related death, principally due to its metastatic spread and multifactorial chemoresistance. The therapeutic failure can also be explained by inter- or intra-tumor genetic heterogeneity and tumor stromal content. Thus, the identification of novel prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic options are warranted in the management of CRC patients. There are data showing that microRNA-21 is elevated in different types of cancer, particularly colon adenocarcinoma and that this is association with a poor prognosis. This suggests that microRNA-21 may be of value as a potential therapeutic target. Furthermore, locked nucleic acid (LNA)-modified oligonucleotides have recently emerged as a therapeutic option for targeting dysregulated miRNAs in cancer therapy, through antisense-based gene silencing. Further work is required to identify innovative anticancer drugs that improve the current therapy either through novel combinatorial approaches or with better efficacy than conventional drugs. We aimed to provide an overview of the preclinical and clinical studies targeting key dysregulated signaling pathways in CRC as well as the therapeutic application of LNA-modified oligonucleotides, and miR inhibitors in the treatment of CRC patients. J. Cell. Biochem. 118: 4129-4140, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Nedaeinia
- Deputy of Food and Drug, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Department of medical biotechnology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amir Avan
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Modern Sciences and Technologies, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mehdi Ahmadian
- Department of Gastroentrology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Sasan Nedaee Nia
- Department of Agricultural engineering and Weed science, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Maryam Ranjbar
- Deputy of Food and Drug, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Sharifi
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Goli
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ahmad Piroozmand
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Autoimmune Diseases Research Center, Kashan, Iran
| | - Esmail Nourmohammadi
- Student Research Committee, Department of medical biotechnology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mostafa Manian
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Gordon A Ferns
- Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Division of Medical Education, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9PH, Sussex, UK
| | - Majid Ghayour-Mobarhan
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Modern Sciences and Technologies, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Rasoul Salehi
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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20
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Green DE, Murphy TC, Kang BY, Bedi B, Yuan Z, Sadikot RT, Hart CM. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ enhances human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell apoptosis through microRNA-21 and programmed cell death 4. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2017; 313:L371-L383. [PMID: 28522568 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00532.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2016] [Revised: 05/01/2017] [Accepted: 05/11/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a progressive disorder whose cellular pathogenesis involves enhanced smooth muscle cell (SMC) proliferation and resistance to apoptosis signals. Existing evidence demonstrates that the tumor suppressor programmed cell death 4 (PDCD4) affects patterns of cell growth and repair responses in the systemic vasculature following experimental injury. In the current study, the regulation PDCD4 and its functional effects on growth and apoptosis susceptibility in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells were explored. We previously demonstrated that pharmacological activation of the nuclear transcription factor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ) attenuated hypoxia-induced proliferation of human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (HPASMCs) by inhibiting the expression and mitogenic functions of microRNA-21 (miR-21). In the current study, we hypothesize that PPARγ stimulates PDCD4 expression and HPASMC apoptosis by inhibiting miR-21. Our findings demonstrate that PDCD4 is reduced in the mouse lung upon exposure to chronic hypoxia (10% O2 for 3 wk) and in hypoxia-exposed HPASMCs (1% O2). HPASMC apoptosis was reduced by hypoxia, by miR-21 overexpression, or by siRNA-mediated PPARγ and PDCD4 depletion. Activation of PPARγ inhibited miR-21 expression and resultant proliferation, while restoring PDCD4 levels and apoptosis to baseline. Additionally, pharmacological activation of PPARγ with rosiglitazone enhanced PDCD4 protein expression and apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner as demonstrated by increased annexin V detection by flow cytometry. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that PPARγ confers growth-inhibitory signals in hypoxia-exposed HPASMCs through suppression of miR-21 and the accompanying derepression of PDCD4 that augments HPASMC susceptibility to undergo apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- David E Green
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center/Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Tamara C Murphy
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center/Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Bum-Yong Kang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center/Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Brahmchetna Bedi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center/Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Zhihong Yuan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center/Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Ruxana T Sadikot
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center/Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - C Michael Hart
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center/Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
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21
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Li Y, Liu X, Sun Y, Liu Y, Wan L, Zhang L, Fang Z, Wei Z, Wang X. The Expression of PDCD4 in Patients With Missed Abortion and Its Clinical Significance. Reprod Sci 2017; 24:1512-1519. [DOI: 10.1177/1933719117692044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Li
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xihong Liu
- Department of Pathology, The Fourth People’s Hospital of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yingshun Sun
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Clinical Medical School, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanping Liu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lu Wan
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lining Zhang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhenghui Fang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zengtao Wei
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Clinical Medical School, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
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Yamamoto Y, Luckenbach JA, Young G, Swanson P. Alterations in gene expression during fasting-induced atresia of early secondary ovarian follicles of coho salmon, Oncorhynchus kisutch. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2016; 201:1-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2016.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2016] [Revised: 06/06/2016] [Accepted: 06/14/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Zhen Y, Li D, Li W, Yao W, Wu A, Huang J, Gu H, Huang Y, Wang Y, Wu J, Chen M, Wu D, Lyu Q, Fang W, Wu B. Reduced PDCD4 Expression Promotes Cell Growth Through PI3K/Akt Signaling in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Oncol Res 2016; 23:61-8. [PMID: 26802652 PMCID: PMC7842576 DOI: 10.3727/096504015x14478843952861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
It is largely recognized that PDCD4 is frequently lost in tumors of various origins, including lung cancer, and its loss contributes to tumor progression. However, its role and molecular mechanism remain largely unexplored in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In this study, downregulated PDCD4 mRNA expression was found in NSCLC tissues compared to their corresponding paracarcinoma tissues and distal paracarcinoma tissues. Induced expression of PDCD4 inhibited cell growth and proliferation and cell cycle transition in vitro. Conversely, knocking down PDCD4 expression promoted cell growth and proliferation. Mechanistically, PDCD4 inactivated PI3K/Akt signaling and its downstream cell cycle factors CCND1 and CDK4 to regulate cell growth in NSCLC. Additionally, PI3K-specific inhibitor Ly294002 suppressed the expression of pPI3K (Tyr458), pAkt (Ser473), CCND1, and CDK4 in PC9-shPDCD4 and A549-shPDCD4 cells. Furthermore, Akt-specific inhibitor MK2206 inhibited the expression of pAkt (Ser473), CCND1, and CDK4 in PC9-shPDCD4 and A549-shPDCD4 cells. Taken together, our study provides evidence that PDCD4 inhibits cell growth through PI3K/Akt signaling in NSCLC and may be a potential therapeutic target for NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhen
- Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang, PR China
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Programmed cell death 4 in bacterially-challenged Apostichopus japonicus: Molecular cloning, expression analysis and functional characterization. Mol Immunol 2016; 75:84-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2016.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2016] [Revised: 05/16/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Liu Y, Tan X, Wang Z, Li Y, Gao M, Li Y, Fang Z, Sun Y, Zhang L, Wang X, Wei Z. Down-regulation of tumor suppressor PDCD4 expression in endometrium of adenomyosis patients. Curr Res Transl Med 2016; 64:123-128. [PMID: 27765271 DOI: 10.1016/j.retram.2016.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2016] [Accepted: 04/22/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Adenomyosis is a common benign gynecological disease which has some malignant behaviors. Programmed cell death 4 (PDCD4) is a newly identified tumor suppressor gene which lowly expresses in various cancers. However, the expression status of PDCD4 in endometrium of adenomyosis patients has not been investigated. The aim of this study is to assess the expression levels of PDCD4 in endometrium of normal controls and adenomyosis patients. METHODS The expression of PDCD4 in endometrium of normal controls and eutopic or ectopic endometrium of patients with adenomyosis was evaluated with quantitative real-time PCR, western blot and immunohistochemistry. In addition, the levels of serum estradiol and progesterone in normal controls and adenomyosis patients were detected using electrochemiluminescence immunoassay. RESULTS The results showed that PDCD4 mainly expressed in the cytoplasma of glandular epithelium of control endometrium and varied during the cycle changes of endometrium, which may be regulated by changing concentrations of progesterone in the menstrual cycle. Compared with the proliferative phase of control endometrium, PDCD4 expression was down-regulated in proliferative phase of eutopic endometrium or ectopic endometrium, and there was no cyclic variation of PDCD4 expression in eutopic endometrium of adenomyosis patients due to progesterone resistance. CONCLUSION These results suggest that PDCD4 may be involved in the pathogenesis of adenomyosis, which will provide a novel strategy for the early diagnosis and new therapeutic target of adenomyosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Liu
- Department of gynecology and obstetrics, Shandong university school of medicine, 44#, Wenhua Xi Road, 250012 Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - X Tan
- Department of immunology, Shandong university school of medicine, 44#, Wenhua Xi Road, 250012 Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China; Department of pathology, Linyi People's hospital, Linyi, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Z Wang
- Department of gynecology and obstetrics, Jinan central hospital affiliated to Shandong university, 105#, Jiefang Road, 250013 Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Y Li
- Department of immunology, Shandong university school of medicine, 44#, Wenhua Xi Road, 250012 Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - M Gao
- Department of immunology, Shandong university school of medicine, 44#, Wenhua Xi Road, 250012 Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Y Li
- Department of immunology, Shandong university school of medicine, 44#, Wenhua Xi Road, 250012 Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Z Fang
- Department of gynecology and obstetrics, Jinan central hospital affiliated to Shandong university, 105#, Jiefang Road, 250013 Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Y Sun
- Department of gynecology and obstetrics, Shandong university school of medicine, 44#, Wenhua Xi Road, 250012 Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - L Zhang
- Department of immunology, Shandong university school of medicine, 44#, Wenhua Xi Road, 250012 Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - X Wang
- Department of immunology, Shandong university school of medicine, 44#, Wenhua Xi Road, 250012 Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China.
| | - Z Wei
- Department of gynecology and obstetrics, Shandong university school of medicine, 44#, Wenhua Xi Road, 250012 Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China; Department of gynecology and obstetrics, Jinan central hospital affiliated to Shandong university, 105#, Jiefang Road, 250013 Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China.
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26
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Ding L, Gao F, Zhang M, Yan W, Tang R, Zhang C, Chen ZJ. Higher PDCD4 expression is associated with obesity, insulin resistance, lipid metabolism disorders, and granulosa cell apoptosis in polycystic ovary syndrome. Fertil Steril 2016; 105:1330-1337.e3. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2016.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2015] [Revised: 12/31/2015] [Accepted: 01/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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27
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Perez F, Waldeck AR, Krische MJ. Total Synthesis of Cryptocaryol A by Enantioselective Iridium-Catalyzed Alcohol C-H Allylation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:5049-52. [PMID: 27079820 PMCID: PMC4834877 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201600591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The polyketide natural product cryptocaryol A is prepared in 8 steps via iridium catalyzed enantioselective diol double C-H allylation, which directly generates an acetate-based triketide stereodiad. In 4 previously reported total syntheses, 17-28 steps were required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Perez
- University of Texas at Austin, Department of Chemistry, 105 E 24th St. (A5300), Austin, TX, 78712-1167, USA
| | - Andrew R Waldeck
- University of Texas at Austin, Department of Chemistry, 105 E 24th St. (A5300), Austin, TX, 78712-1167, USA
| | - Michael J Krische
- University of Texas at Austin, Department of Chemistry, 105 E 24th St. (A5300), Austin, TX, 78712-1167, USA.
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Bai Y, Shang Q, Zhao H, Pan Z, Guo C, Zhang L, Wang Q. Pdcd4 restrains the self-renewal and white-to-beige transdifferentiation of adipose-derived stem cells. Cell Death Dis 2016; 7:e2169. [PMID: 27031966 PMCID: PMC4823969 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2016.75] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2016] [Revised: 02/23/2016] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The stemness maintenance of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) is important for adipose homeostasis and energy balance. Programmed cell death 4 (Pdcd4) has been demonstrated to be involved in the development of obesity, but its possible roles in ADSC function and adipogenic capacity remain unclear. In this study, we demonstrate that Pdcd4 is a key controller that limits the self-renewal and white-to-beige transdifferentiation of ADSCs. Pdcd4 deficiency in mice caused stemness enhancement of ADSCs as evidenced by increased expression of CD105, CD90, Nanog and Oct4 on ADSCs, together with enhanced in situ proliferation in adipose tissues. Pdcd4 deficiency promoted proliferation, colony formation of ADSCs and drove more ADSCs entering the S phase accompanied by AKT activation and cyclinD1 upregulation. Blockade of AKT signaling in Pdcd4-deficient ADSCs led to a marked decline in cyclinD1, S-phase entry and cell proliferation, revealing AKT as a target for repressing ADSC self-renewal by Pdcd4. Intriguingly, depletion of Pdcd4 promoted the transdifferentiation of ADSCs into beige adipocytes. A reduction in lipid contents and expression levels of white adipocyte markers including C/EBPα, PPAR-γ, adiponectin and αP2 was detected in Pdcd4-deficient ADSCs during white adipogenic differentiation, substituted by typical beige adipocyte characteristics including small, multilocular lipid droplets and UCP1 expression. More lactate produced by Pdcd4-deficient ADSCs might be an important contributor to the expression of UCP1 and white-to-beige transdifferentiation. In addition, an elevation of UCP1 expression was confirmed in white adipose tissues from Pdcd4-deficient mice upon high-fat diet, which displayed increased energy expenditure and resistance to obesity as compared with wild-type obese mice. These findings provide evidences that Pdcd4 produces unfavorable influences on ADSC stemness, which contribute to adipose dysfunction, obesity and metabolic syndromes, thereby proposing Pdcd4 as a potential intervening target for regulating ADSC function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Bai
- Department of Immunology, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Q Shang
- Department of Immunology, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - H Zhao
- Department of Immunology, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Z Pan
- Department of Immunology, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - C Guo
- Department of Immunology, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - L Zhang
- Department of Immunology, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Q Wang
- Department of Immunology, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
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Perez F, Waldeck AR, Krische MJ. Total Synthesis of Cryptocaryol A by Enantioselective Iridium-Catalyzed Alcohol C−H Allylation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201600591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Felix Perez
- University of Texas at Austin; Department of Chemistry; 105 E 24th St. (A5300) Austin TX 78712-1167 USA
| | - Andrew R. Waldeck
- University of Texas at Austin; Department of Chemistry; 105 E 24th St. (A5300) Austin TX 78712-1167 USA
| | - Michael J. Krische
- University of Texas at Austin; Department of Chemistry; 105 E 24th St. (A5300) Austin TX 78712-1167 USA
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30
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Inhibition of NF-κB by deoxycholic acid induces miR-21/PDCD4-dependent hepatocellular apoptosis. Sci Rep 2015; 5:17528. [PMID: 26621219 PMCID: PMC4664913 DOI: 10.1038/srep17528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2015] [Accepted: 10/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) are key regulators of liver metabolism, while toxic bile acids participate in the development of several liver diseases. We previously demonstrated that deoxycholic acid (DCA), a cytotoxic bile acid implicated in the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, inhibits miR-21 expression in hepatocytes. Here, we investigated the mechanisms by which DCA modulates miR-21 and whether miR-21 contributes for DCA-induced cytotoxicity. DCA inhibited miR-21 expression in primary rat hepatocytes in a dose-dependent manner, and increased miR-21 pro-apoptotic target programmed cell death 4 (PDCD4) and apoptosis. Both miR-21 overexpression and PDCD4 silencing hampered DCA-induced cell death. Further, DCA decreased NF-κB activity, shown to represent an upstream mechanism leading to modulation of the miR-21/PDCD4 pathway. In fact, NF-κB overexpression or constitutive activation halted miR-21-dependent apoptosis by DCA while opposite results were observed upon NF-κB inhibition. In turn, DCA-induced oxidative stress resulted in caspase-2 activation and NF-κB/miR-21 inhibition, in a PIDD-dependent manner. Finally, modulation of the NF-κB/miR-21/PDCD4 pro-apoptotic pathway by DCA was also shown to occur in the rat liver in vivo. These signalling circuits may constitute appealing targets for bile acid-associated liver pathologies.
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Haghpanah V, Fallah P, Tavakoli R, Naderi M, Samimi H, Soleimani M, Larijani B. Antisense-miR-21 enhances differentiation/apoptosis and reduces cancer stemness state on anaplastic thyroid cancer. Tumour Biol 2015; 37:1299-308. [PMID: 26289851 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-3923-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2015] [Accepted: 08/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) is the most aggressive malignancy in thyroid cancers. Resistance to current therapies is still a challenge. MicroRNAs are a class of small non-coding RNAs, regulating gene expression. MiR-21 is an oncomiR that is overexpressed in nearly all cancers including ATC. Accumulating evidence suggested that miR-21 has a role in cancer stemness state, apoptosis, cell cycle progression, and differentiation. Therefore, we evaluated the application of Off-miR-21 to sequester the microRNA for therapeutic purposes on ATC cell lines. In this study, C643 and SW1736 were transducted by hsa-miR-21 antagomir (Off-miR-21). PTEN gene expression was performed as a known target of miR-21. Stemness state in cancer stem cells (CSCs) was evaluated by the changes of CSC biomarkers including Oct-4 and ABCG2. Apoptosis was assessed by PDCD4 and Mcl-1 gene expression and flow cytometry. Sodium/iodide symporter (NIS) and thyroglobulin (TG) were measured as ATC differentiation markers. In addition, cell cycle progression was investigated via the alterations of p21 gene expression and flow cytometry. Specific downregulation of miR-21 induced the differentiation and apoptosis in C643 and SW1736. Inversely, the treatment inhibited stemness state and cell cycle progression. Knockdown of miR-21 significantly increased the expression of PDCD4, p21, NIS, and TG while leading to decreased expression of Oct-4, ABCG2, and Mcl-1.Taken together, the results suggest that miR-21, as an oncomiR, has a role not only in stemness state but also in tumor growth, differentiation, and apoptosis. Hence, suppression of miR-21 could pave the way for ATC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vahid Haghpanah
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Dr. Shariati Hospital, North Kargar Ave., Tehran, 14114, Iran
| | - Parviz Fallah
- Department of Laboratory Science, Faculty of Allied Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Rezvan Tavakoli
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering, Stem Cell Technology Research Center, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmood Naderi
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering, Stem Cell Technology Research Center, Tehran, Iran
- Liver and Pancreatobiliary Diseases Research Center, Digestive Disease Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hilda Samimi
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Dr. Shariati Hospital, North Kargar Ave., Tehran, 14114, Iran
| | - Masoud Soleimani
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medical Science, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bagher Larijani
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Dr. Shariati Hospital, North Kargar Ave., Tehran, 14114, Iran.
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Bourguignon LYW, Bikle D. Selective Hyaluronan-CD44 Signaling Promotes miRNA-21 Expression and Interacts with Vitamin D Function during Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinomas Progression Following UV Irradiation. Front Immunol 2015; 6:224. [PMID: 26029210 PMCID: PMC4429634 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2015.00224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2014] [Accepted: 04/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyaluronan (HA), the major extracellular matrix component, is often anchored to CD44, a family of structurally/functionally important cell surface receptors. Recent results indicate that UV irradiation (UVR)-induced cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) overexpress a variety of CD44 variant isoforms (CD44v), with different CD44v isoforms appear to confer malignant SCC properties. UVR also stimulates HA degradation in epidermal keratinocytes. Both large HA polymers and their UVR-induced catabolic products (small HA) selectively activate CD44-mediated cellular signaling in normal keratinocytes and SCC cells, with all of the downstream processes being mediated by RhoGTPases (e.g., Rac1 and Rho). Importantly, we found that the hormonally active form of vitamin D 1,25(OH)2D3 not only prevents the UVR-induced small HA activation of abnormal keratinocyte behavior and SCC progression, but also enhances large HA stimulation of normal keratinocyte activities and epidermal function(s). The aim of this hypothesis and theory article is to question whether matrix HA and its UVR-induced catabolic products (e.g., large and small HA) can selectively activate CD44-mediated cellular signaling such as GTPase (Rac and RhA) activation. We suggested that large HA-CD44 interaction promotes Rac-signaling and normal keratinocyte differentiation (lipid synthesis), DNA repair, and keratinocyte survival function. Conversely, small HA-CD44 interaction stimulates RhoA activation, NFκB/Stat-3 signaling, and miR-21 production, resulting in inflammation and proliferation as well as SCC progression. We also question whether vitamin D treatment displays any effect on small HA-CD44v-mediated RhoA signaling, inflammation, and SCC progression, as well as large HA-CD44-mediated differentiation, DNA repair, keratinocyte survival, and normal keratinocyte function. In addition, we discussed that the topical application of signaling perturbation agents (e.g., Y27623, a ROK inhibitor) may be used to treat certain skin diseases displaying upregulation of keratinocyte proliferation such as psoriasis and actinic keratoses in order to correct the imbalance between Rac and RhoA signaling during various UV irradiation-induced skin diseases in patients. Finally, we proposed that matrix HA/CD44-signaling strategies and matrix HA (HAS vs. HAL or HAS → HAL)-based therapeutic approaches (together with vitamin D) may be used for the treatment of patients suffering a number of UV irradiation-induced skin diseases (e.g., inflammation, skin cancer, and chronic non-healing wounds).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilly Y W Bourguignon
- Endocrine Unit (111N2), Department of Medicine, San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center, University of California at San Francisco , San Francisco, CA , USA
| | - Daniel Bikle
- Endocrine Unit (111N2), Department of Medicine, San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center, University of California at San Francisco , San Francisco, CA , USA
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Ji C, Wu H, Wei L, Zhao J. iTRAQ-based quantitative proteomic analyses on the gender-specific responses in mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis to tetrabromobisphenol A. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2014; 157:30-40. [PMID: 25456217 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2014.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2014] [Revised: 09/22/2014] [Accepted: 09/23/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) accounts for the largest production of brominated flame-retardants (BFRs) along the Laizhou Bay in China and is the most widely used BFR in industrial products. It can induce diverse toxicities including hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, neurotoxicity and endocrine disrupting effects in mammalian and fish models. In this work, we applied iTRAQ-based proteomics to investigate the gender-specific responses in mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis to TBBPA. Thirty-one proteins were differentially expressed in hepatopancreas between male and female mussels, which clearly indicated the biological differences between male and female mussels at the protein level. After exposure of TBBPA (18.4 nmol/L) for one month, a total of 60 proteins were differentially expressed in response to the TBBPA treatment in mussel hepatopancreas, among which 33 and 29 proteins were significantly altered in TBBPA-treated male and female mussel samples, respectively. Only two of the 60 proteins were commonly altered in both male and female mussel samples exposed to TBBPA. Based on KEGG analysis, these differentially expressed proteins of TBBPA-induced effects were assigned to several groups, including cytoskeleton, reproduction and development, metabolism, signal transduction, gene expression, stress response and apoptosis. Overall, results indicated that TBBPA exposure could induce apoptosis, oxidative and immune stresses and disruption in energy, protein and lipid metabolisms in both male and female mussels with different mechanisms. This work suggested that the gender differences should be considered in ecotoxicoproteomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenglong Ji
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Zone Environmental Processes, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS); Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Zone Environmental Processes, YICCAS, Yantai 264003, P. R. China
| | - Huifeng Wu
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Zone Environmental Processes, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS); Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Zone Environmental Processes, YICCAS, Yantai 264003, P. R. China.
| | - Lei Wei
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Zone Environmental Processes, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS); Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Zone Environmental Processes, YICCAS, Yantai 264003, P. R. China; The University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Jianmin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Zone Environmental Processes, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS); Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Zone Environmental Processes, YICCAS, Yantai 264003, P. R. China
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Zhong B, Yang X, Sun Q, Liu L, Lan X, Tian J, He Q, Hou W, Liu H, Jiang C, Gao N, Lu S. Pdcd4 modulates markers of macrophage alternative activation and airway remodeling in antigen-induced pulmonary inflammation. J Leukoc Biol 2014; 96:1065-75. [PMID: 25097194 DOI: 10.1189/jlb.3a0313-136rrr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Pdcd4 has been known as a tumor-suppressor gene initially and is up-regulated during apoptosis. Surprisingly, we found that Pdcd4 was differentially expressed in the lung from E3 rats with AIPI, an animal model for asthma, but the precise role of Pdcd4 in AIPI still remained to be defined. In the present study, we first evaluated the expression of Pdcd4 in lung from control and AIPI rats with RT-qPCR, Western blot, and immunohistochemistry. Then, we investigated the effects of intervention of Pdcd4 on markers of macrophage alternative activation and airway remodeling. Upon challenging E3 rats with OVA, Pdcd4 was up-regulated in lung tissue with AIPI. Immunohistochemistry results showed that alveolar macrophages and airway epithelia expressed Pdcd4 protein. Overexpression of Pdcd4 in the rat alveolar macrophage cell line, NR8383 cells, increased the mRNA expression of arginase-1 and TGF-β1, which are markers of macrophage alternative activation. In response to Pdcd4 RNAi in NR8383 cells, the mRNA expression of markers Fizz1, Ym1/2, arginase-1, and TGF-β1 was decreased significantly. In addition, Pdcd4 RNAi in AIPI rats led to a decrease of the mRNA expression of Fizz1, Ym1/2, arginase-1, and TGF-β1 in BALF cells. Finally, knockdown of Pdcd4 suppressed airway eosinophil infiltration, bronchus collagen deposition, and mucus production. Overall, these results suggest that Pdcd4 may be worthy of further investigation as a target for macrophage alternative activation and airway remodeling in allergic pulmonary inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zhong
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Departments of Pediatrics and
| | - Xudong Yang
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qingzhu Sun
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xi Lan
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jia Tian
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qirui He
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wei Hou
- Departments of Pediatrics and
| | | | - Congshan Jiang
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ning Gao
- Clinical Laboratory, the Second Affiliated Hospital, and
| | - Shemin Lu
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Medicine, and
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Cuccarese MF, Wang Y, Beuning PJ, O’Doherty GA. Cryptocaryol Structure-Activity Relationship Study of Cancer Cell Cytotoxicity and Ability to Stabilize PDCD4. ACS Med Chem Lett 2014; 5:522-6. [PMID: 24900873 DOI: 10.1021/ml4005039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2013] [Accepted: 02/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The synthetic cryptocaryols A and B and a series of their analogues have been evaluated for their cytotoxicity and their ability to stabilize the tumor suppressor PDCD4. Cytotoxicities in the 3 to 30 μM range were found. Both the cytotoxicity and PDCD4 stabilizing ability were tolerant of large stereochemical changes to the molecule. Co-dosing studies with cryptocaryols A and B and several known cancer drugs showed no measuable enhancement in cancer drug cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael F. Cuccarese
- Department of Chemistry
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Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Yanping Wang
- Department of Chemistry
and
Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Penny J. Beuning
- Department of Chemistry
and
Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - George A. O’Doherty
- Department of Chemistry
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Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
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Gong L, Wang H, Huang J, Hu M, Hu Z, Zhong G. Camptothecin-induced expression of programmed cell death gene 11 in Spodoptera litura. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2014; 70:603-609. [PMID: 23749428 DOI: 10.1002/ps.3588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2013] [Revised: 04/15/2013] [Accepted: 06/07/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Camptothecin, one of the main active components of extract from the bark of the Chinese camptotheca tree, has been reported as a potent insecticide against various insect species. However, the mechanism of action of camptothecin as a botanical pesticide is not completely understood. RESULTS In this study, the full-length cDNA (GeneBank number JF681972) of Spodoptera litura programmed cell death protein 11 (pcdp 11) isoform 1 was cloned, sequenced and characterised. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) data showed that pcdp 11 was differentially expressed during the developmental stages, with significantly high expression during the transition from egg to larva and larva to pupa. Furthermore, pcdp 11 was upregulated in a time-dependent manner in SL-1 cells after treatment with 1.2 µg mL(-1) of camptothecin. The induced expression profile of pcdp 11 in the larval midgut after feeding camptothecin was visualised by fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH) and further quantified by qRT-PCR. Apoptosis in camptothecin-treated larval midguts was confirmed using terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labelling (TUNEL) staining. CONCLUSION The results reveal a clear functional link between pcdp 11 expression and camptothecin-induced apoptosis, and prove that camptothecin exhibits strong toxicity towards S. litura by inducing midgut epithelial cell apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Gong
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
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Ge C, Song J, Chen L, Wang L, Chen Y, Liu X, Zhang Y, Zhang L, Zhang M. Atheroprotective pulsatile flow induces ubiquitin-proteasome-mediated degradation of programmed cell death 4 in endothelial cells. PLoS One 2014; 9:e91564. [PMID: 24626527 PMCID: PMC3953479 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0091564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2013] [Accepted: 02/12/2014] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives We recently found low level of tumor suppressor programmed cell death 4 (PDCD4) associated with reduced atherosclerotic plaque area (unpublished). We investigated whether atheroprotective unidirectional pulsatile shear stress affects the expression of PDCD4 in endothelial cells. Methods and Results En face co-immunostaining of the mouse aortic arch revealed a low level of PDCD4 in endothelial cells undergoing pulsatile shear stress. Application of unidirectional pulsatile shear stress to human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) decreased PDCD4 protein but not mRNA level. Immunoprecipitation revealed that pulsatile shear stress induced the coupling of ubiquitin with PDCD4 expression. The phosphatidyl inositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt pathway was involved in this ubiquitin-proteasome–mediated degradation of PDCD4. Gain of function and loss of function experiments showed that PDCD4 induced turnover (proliferation and apoptosis) of HUVECs. Low PDCD4 level was associated with reduced proliferation but not apoptosis or phosphorylation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase caused by pulsatile shear stress to help maintain the homeostasis of endothelial cells. Conclusions Pulsatile shear stress induces ubiquitin-proteasome–mediated degradation of PDCD4 via a PI3K/Akt pathway in HUVECs. PDCD4 induces turnover (proliferation and apoptosis) of HUVECs. Low PDCD4 level is associated with reduced proliferation for maintenance of HUVEC homeostasis under pulsatile shear stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Ge
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Health, Department of Cardiology, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiantao Song
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Health, Department of Cardiology, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liang Chen
- Department of Emergency, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Health, Department of Cardiology, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yifei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Health, Department of Cardiology, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xinxin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Health, Department of Cardiology, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Health, Department of Cardiology, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lining Zhang
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education and Chinese Ministry of Health, Department of Cardiology, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
- * E-mail:
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Vikhreva PN, Shepelev MV, Korobko IV. mTOR-dependent transcriptional repression of Pdcd4 tumor suppressor in lung cancer cells. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS 2013; 1839:43-9. [PMID: 24334141 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2013.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2013] [Revised: 11/19/2013] [Accepted: 12/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Programmed cell death 4 (Pdcd4) tumor suppressor is frequently lost in tumors of various origins including lung cancer, and its loss contributes to tumor progression. However molecular mechanisms underlying Pdcd4 suppression in lung cancer cells remain largely unexplored. Here we investigated molecular mechanisms of Pdcd4 suppression in lung cancer cells. Besides enhanced mTOR-dependent proteasomal degradation of Pdcd4 protein, we found that Pdcd4 transcription is negatively regulated by mTOR signaling, and localized cis-acting element in Pdcd4 promoter responsible for this effect. In conclusion, we described a novel molecular mechanism of Pdcd4 suppression in cancer cells consisting from mTOR signaling-dependent transcriptional repression of Pdcd4.
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Affiliation(s)
- P N Vikhreva
- Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 34/5 Vavilov str., Moscow 119334, Russia
| | - M V Shepelev
- Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 34/5 Vavilov str., Moscow 119334, Russia
| | - I V Korobko
- Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 34/5 Vavilov str., Moscow 119334, Russia.
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Wang Q, Dong Z, Liu X, Song X, Song Q, Shang Q, Jiang Y, Guo C, Zhang L. Programmed cell death-4 deficiency prevents diet-induced obesity, adipose tissue inflammation, and insulin resistance. Diabetes 2013; 62:4132-43. [PMID: 23990362 PMCID: PMC3837052 DOI: 10.2337/db13-0097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Programmed cell death-4 (PDCD4), a selective protein translation inhibitor, has shown proinflammatory effect in some inflammatory diseases, but its roles in obesity remain unestablished. This study aims to investigate the effects of PDCD4 on obesity, inflammation, and insulin resistance. Surprisingly, high-fat diet (HFD)-fed PDCD4-deficient (PDCD4(-/-)) mice exhibited an absolutely lean phenotype together with improved insulin sensitivity. Compared with wild-type obese mice, HFD-fed PDCD4(-/-) mice showed higher energy expenditure, lower epididymal fat weight, and reduced macrophage infiltration inflammatory cytokine secretion in white adipose tissue (WAT). Alleviated hepatic steatosis along with decreased plasma levels of triglyceride and cholesterol was also observed in these mice. Importantly, PDCD4 appeared to disturb lipid metabolism via inhibiting the expression of liver X receptor (LXR)-α, a master modulator of lipid homeostasis, which was elevated in HFD-fed PDCD4(-/-) mice accompanied by upregulation of its target genes and relieved endoplasmic reticulum stress in WAT. These data demonstrate that PDCD4 deficiency protects mice against diet-induced obesity, WAT inflammation, and insulin resistance through restoring the expression of LXR-α, thereby proposing PDCD4 as a potential target for treating obesity-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qun Wang
- Department of Immunology, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shangdong, China
- Corresponding authors: Qun Wang, , and Lining Zhang,
| | - Zhaojing Dong
- Department of Immunology, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shangdong, China
| | - Xianglan Liu
- Department of Immunology, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shangdong, China
| | - Xingguo Song
- Department of Immunology, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shangdong, China
| | - Qiang Song
- Department of Radiology, Shandong Chest Hospital, Jinan, Shangdong, China
| | - Qianwen Shang
- Department of Immunology, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shangdong, China
| | - Yang Jiang
- Department of Immunology, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shangdong, China
| | - Chun Guo
- Department of Immunology, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shangdong, China
| | - Lining Zhang
- Department of Immunology, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shangdong, China
- Corresponding authors: Qun Wang, , and Lining Zhang,
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify microRNAs (miRNAs) that are overexpressed in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and characterize the functional role of miR-21. MATERIALS AND METHODS The miRNA expression profiles between RCC tissue and adjacent normal tissue were compared using microarray analysis. The differential expression of miR-21 was validated by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). 786-O RCC cells were transfected with miR-21 mimic, miR-21 inhibitor, or negative controls and cell proliferation, apoptosis and cell cycle were examined by MTT assay and flow cytometry. The expression of programmed cell death 4 (PDCD4) and tropomyosin 1 (TPM1) was detected by RT-PCR and Western blot analysis. RESULTS Compared to adjacent normal tissue, 10 human miRNAs were significantly upregulated and 7 were downregulated in RCC tissue. RT-PCR confirmed that miR-21 was significantly overexpressed in RCC tissue. In vitro expression of miR-21 mimic promoted the growth of 786-O cells, whereas miR-21 inhibitor inhibited cell growth by inducing apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at S phase. Furthermore, miR-21 mimic or inhibitor significantly reduced or increased the expression of PDCD4 and TPM1. CONCLUSIONS MiR-21 is overexpressed in RCC tissue and modulates the growth, apoptosis and cell cycle progression of RCC cells and regulates the expression of PDCD4 and TPM1.
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HBx-mediated miR-21 upregulation represses tumor-suppressor function of PDCD4 in hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncogene 2013; 32:3296-305. [PMID: 23604124 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2013.150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2012] [Revised: 03/21/2013] [Accepted: 03/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The hepatitis B virus (HBV) X protein (HBx) has a key role in the molecular pathogenesis of HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the mechanism of HBx-mediated hepatocarcinogenesis remains to be elucidated. In this study, we aimed to better understand the effects of HBx on gene-expression profiles that participate in hepatocarcinogenesis and the mechanism by which HBx regulates these genes. Differentially expressed genes between L02-HBx and L02-Vector control cells were identified by microarray and validated using quantitative real-time PCR. HBx upregulates 456 genes and downregulates 843 genes, including programmed cell death 4 (PDCD4). PDCD4 was downregulated in clinical HCC specimens and the downregulation of PDCD4 in HCC is correlated with HBx. Furthermore, overexpression experiments in HCC cells proved that PDCD4 has strong tumor-suppressive effects both in vitro and in vivo, and may induce cell apoptosis to suppress the development of HCC. HBx induces expression of DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs), but failed to change the methylation status of the PDCD4 promoter. HBx downregulates PDCD4 expression at least partially through miR-21. Taken together, this study reported for the first time that HBx downregulates PDCD4 and upregulates miR-21 expression. The overexpression of PDCD4 could suppress tumorigenicity. The deregulation of PDCD4 by HBx through miR-21 represents a potential novel mechanism of the downregulation of PDCD4 in HBV-related HCC and provides new insights into HCC development.
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Soriano A, Jubierre L, Almazán-Moga A, Molist C, Roma J, de Toledo JS, Gallego S, Segura MF. microRNAs as pharmacological targets in cancer. Pharmacol Res 2013; 75:3-14. [PMID: 23537752 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2013.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2012] [Revised: 03/14/2013] [Accepted: 03/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The survival rate of cancer patients has increased considerably in the last 20 years owing to significant efforts made in prevention, early detection protocols, combined chemotherapy regimens, targeted therapies, refined radiotherapy and cancer vaccines. However, metastasis and acquired resistance to current therapies represent two major challenges for achieving long-term cure. Therefore, new treatment strategies must be developed. One promising alternative is epigenetic-based therapies, of which miRNAs are at the forefront. MicroRNAs are endogenous small non-coding RNAs, often deregulated in cancer, which regulate gene expression by specific binding to the 3'-UTR of target genes. They are excellent candidates for therapy since miRNAs can regulate multiple targets of the same or different pathways, thereby minimizing the risk of resistance development or compensatory mechanisms. In this review, the mechanisms that lead to miRNA deregulation in cancer, their feasibility as therapeutic tools and the different strategies for the pharmacological manipulation of miRNAs in preclinical animal models are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aroa Soriano
- Laboratory of Translational Research in Childhood Cancer, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca, Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona, Spain
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The inhibitory action of PDCD4 in lipopolysaccharide/D-galactosamine-induced acute liver injury. J Transl Med 2013; 93:291-302. [PMID: 23295647 DOI: 10.1038/labinvest.2012.174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Programmed cell death 4 (PDCD4) acts as a tumor suppressor gene, which suppresses tumor growth, infiltration and metastasis. Our previous studies demonstrated that PDCD4 had an important role in the development of ovarian cancer and glioma. Recent studies show that PDCD4 is also involved in various inflammatory diseases. However, its exact effect on inflammation remains unclear. In our current study, we explored the role of PDCD4 in acute liver injury induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and D-galactosamine (D-GalN) using wild-type (WT) mice and PDCD4-deficient mice. Our results showed that liver-to-body weight ratios, as well as serum aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT) levels were significantly increased in PDCD4-deficient mice than WT mice. Histological examination, immunohistochemical and TUNEL analysis revealed PDCD4-deficient mice had more necrotic and apoptotic hepatocytes, inflammatory cells infiltration and liver internal hemorrhage than WT mice. In addition, some inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6) in the serum and liver tissues were also significantly increased in PDCD4-deficient mice. More importantly, we found that the aggravation of liver tissue injury in PDCD4-deficient mice was due to excessive mitogen-activated protein kinase and NF-κB activation, which induced the release of more inflammatory factors, and consequently resulted in higher levels of hepatocyte necrosis and apoptosis. These results indicate that PDCD4 has a protective role in LPS/D-GalN-induced acute liver injury. This finding may present new opportunities for PDCD4 to be explored as a therapeutic target in acute liver injury.
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Tanaka T, Sugie S. Recent advances in pathobiology and histopathological diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.7243/2052-7896-1-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Ramkumar HL, Shen DF, Tuo J, Braziel RM, Coupland SE, Smith JR, Chan CC. IL-10 -1082 SNP and IL-10 in primary CNS and vitreoretinal lymphomas. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2012; 250:1541-8. [PMID: 22628023 PMCID: PMC3469767 DOI: 10.1007/s00417-012-2037-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2012] [Revised: 04/04/2012] [Accepted: 04/10/2012] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Most primary central nervous system lymphomas (PCNSLs) and primary vitreoretinal lymphomas (PVRLs) are B-cell lymphomas that produce high levels of interleukin (IL)-10, which is linked to rapid disease progression. The IL-10 (-1082) G → A polymorphism (IL-10 SNP) is associated with improved survival in certain non-CNS lymphoma patients. PDCD4 is a tumor suppressor gene and upstream regulator of IL-10. This study examined the correlation between the IL-10 SNP, PDCD4 mRNA expression, and IL-10 expression (at transcript and protein levels) in these lymphoma cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS Single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-typing at IL-10 (-1082) was performed after microdissecting cytospun PVRL cells from 26 specimens. Vitreal IL-10 and IL-6 levels were measured by ELISA. PCNSL cells from 52 paraffin-embedded sections were microdissected and SNP typed on genomic DNA. RT-PCR was performed to analyze expression of IL-10 and PDCD4 mRNA. IL-10 (-1082) SNP typing was performed on blood samples of 96 healthy controls. We measured IL-10 (-1082) SNP expression in 26 PVRLs and 52 PCNSLs and examined its relationship with IL-10 protein and gene expression, respectively. RESULTS More PVRL patients expressed one copy of the IL-10 ( -1082 ) G → A SNP with the GA genotype compared to controls. The frequencies of the three genotypes (AA, AG, GG) significantly differed in PVRL versus controls and in PCNSL versus controls. In PVRLs, the vitreal IL-10/IL-6 ratio was higher in IL-10 (-1082) AG and IL-10 (-1082) AA patients, compared to IL-10 (-1082) GG patients. IL-10 mRNA expression was higher in IL-10 (-1082) AG and IL-10 (-1082) AA PCNSLs, compared to IL-10 (-1082) GG PCNSLs. No correlation was found between IL-10 and PDCD4 expression levels in 37 PCNSL samples. CONCLUSIONS PVRL and PCNSL patients had similar IL-10 (-1082) A allele frequencies, but genotype distributions differed from healthy controls. The findings suggest that the IL-10 (-1082) A allele is a risk factor for higher IL-10 levels in PVRLs and PCNSLs. Higher IL-10 levels have been correlated with more aggressive disease in both PVRLs and PCNSLs, making this finding an important and potentially clinically significant observation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hema L. Ramkumar
- Immunopathology Section, Laboratory of Immunology National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, 10/10 N103, NIH/NEI, Bethesda, MD 20892-1857, USA. Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
| | - De Fen Shen
- Immunopathology Section, Laboratory of Immunology National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, 10/10 N103, NIH/NEI, Bethesda, MD 20892-1857, USA
| | - Jingsheng Tuo
- Immunopathology Section, Laboratory of Immunology National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, 10/10 N103, NIH/NEI, Bethesda, MD 20892-1857, USA
| | - Rita M. Braziel
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Sarah E. Coupland
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Pathology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Justine R. Smith
- Casey Eye Institute & Department of Cell & Developmental Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Chi-Chao Chan
- Immunopathology Section, Laboratory of Immunology National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, 10/10 N103, NIH/NEI, Bethesda, MD 20892-1857, USA
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Dikshit B, Irshad K, Madan E, Aggarwal N, Sarkar C, Chandra PS, Gupta DK, Chattopadhyay P, Sinha S, Chosdol K. FAT1 acts as an upstream regulator of oncogenic and inflammatory pathways, via PDCD4, in glioma cells. Oncogene 2012; 32:3798-808. [DOI: 10.1038/onc.2012.393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Yen WC, Fischer MM, Hynes M, Wu J, Kim E, Beviglia L, Yeung VP, Song X, Kapoun AM, Lewicki J, Gurney A, Simeone DM, Hoey T. Anti-DLL4 has broad spectrum activity in pancreatic cancer dependent on targeting DLL4-Notch signaling in both tumor and vasculature cells. Clin Cancer Res 2012; 18:5374-86. [PMID: 22952347 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-12-0736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We previously showed that targeting Delta-like ligand 4 (DLL4) in colon and breast tumors inhibited tumor growth and reduced tumor initiating cell frequency. In this report, we have extended these studies to pancreatic cancer and probed the mechanism of action in tumor and stromal cells involved in antitumor efficacy. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Patient-derived pancreatic xenograft tumor models were used to evaluate the antitumor effect of anti-DLL4. To investigate the mechanism of action, we compared the activity of targeting DLL4 in tumor cells with an anti-human DLL4 antibody (anti-hDLL4) and in the host stroma/vasculature with an anti-mouse DLL4 antibody (anti-mDLL4). The effect of these antibodies on cancer stem cell frequency was examined by in vivo limiting dilution assays. RESULTS The combination of anti-hDLL4 and anti-mDLL4 was efficacious in a broad spectrum of pancreatic tumor xenografts and showed additive antitumor activity together with gemcitabine. Treatment with either anti-hDLL4 or anti-mDLL4 delayed pancreatic tumor recurrence following termination of gemcitabine treatment, and the two together produced an additive effect. Anti-hDLL4 had a pronounced effect in reducing the tumorigenicity of pancreatic cancer cells based on serial transplantation and tumorsphere assays. In contrast, disruption of tumor angiogenesis with anti-mDLL4 alone or with anti-VEGF had minimal effects on tumorigenicity. Gene expression analyses indicated that anti-DLL4 treatment regulated genes that participate in Notch signaling, pancreatic differentiation, and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest a novel therapeutic approach for pancreatic cancer treatment through antagonism of DLL4/Notch signaling.
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Xu X, Kriegel AJ, Liu Y, Usa K, Mladinov D, Liu H, Fang Y, Ding X, Liang M. Delayed ischemic preconditioning contributes to renal protection by upregulation of miR-21. Kidney Int 2012; 82:1167-75. [PMID: 22785173 PMCID: PMC3777822 DOI: 10.1038/ki.2012.241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Delayed ischemic preconditioning effectively protects kidneys from ischemia-reperfusion injury but the mechanism underlying renal protection remains poorly understood. Here we examined the in vivo role of microRNA miR-21 in the renal protection conferred by delayed ischemic preconditioning in mice. A 15 minute renal ischemic preconditioning significantly increased the expression of miR-21 by 4 hours and substantially attenuated ischemia-reperfusion injury induced 4 days later. A locked nucleic acid-modified anti-miR-21 given at the time of ischemic preconditioning knocked down miR-21 and significantly exacerbated subsequent ischemia-reperfusion injury in the mouse kidney. Knockdown of miR-21 resulted in significant upregulation of programmed cell death protein 4, a pro-apoptotic target gene of miR-21, and substantially increased tubular cell apoptosis. Hypoxia inducible factor-1α in the kidney was activated after ischemic preconditioning and blockade of its activity with a decoy abolished the up-regulation of miR-21 in cultured human renal epithelial cells treated with the inducer cobalt chloride. In the absence of ischemic preconditioning, knockdown of miR-21 alone did not significantly affect ischemia-reperfusion injury in the mouse kidney. Thus, upregulation of miR-21 contributes to the protective effect of delayed ischemic preconditioning against subsequent renal ischemia-reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xialian Xu
- Division of Nephrology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai, PR China
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Association of microRNA-21 expression with its targets, PDCD4 and TIMP3, in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Mod Pathol 2012; 25:112-21. [PMID: 21983937 DOI: 10.1038/modpathol.2011.142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Since the discovery of small non-coding RNAs, the analyses of microRNA (miRNA) expression patterns in human cancer have provided new insights into cancer biology. miRNA-21 has been suggested to be one of the miRNAs that have an important role in the development or biological behavior of a variety of malignancies, including pancreatic cancer. This study was conducted to evaluate the relationship between the expression of miRNA-21 and that of its molecular targets, programmed cell death 4 (PDCD4) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP3), in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. The study included 65 pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas and 5 normal pancreatic tissue specimens for comparison. The miRNA expression profiling of five selected pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas and five normal pancreatic specimens was performed using a microarray platform, and was evaluated by a hierarchical clustering analysis. The miRNA most highly expressed in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas (ie, miRNA-21) was further assessed by quantitative real-time reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) assays in the 65 pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cases. The expression pattern of its molecular targets (eg, PDCD4 and TIMP3) in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma was examined immunohistochemically. In the microarray analyses, 28 miRNAs were upregulated in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma compared with normal pancreatic tissue, whereas 48 miRNAs were downregulated. miRNA-21 was the most significantly overexpressed miRNA in the pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas analyzed, and was also highly expressed in 75% of the 65 pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas examined by real-time RT-PCR. High miRNA-21 expression was correlated with a worse prognosis in the pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma patients (P=0.045). The immunohistochemical expression patterns of PDCD4 (reduced nuclear staining pattern) and TIMP3 (downregulated expression) were significantly associated with both the upregulated miR-21 expression (P<0.05) and the poor survival of the patients (P<0.001 and P=0.001, respectively). Our data suggest that an overexpression of miRNA-21 is, therefore, associated with the biological behavior of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma via the downregulation of the expression of tumor suppressors, PDCD4 and TIMP3, thus resulting in tumor progression and the adverse clinical course of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.
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Lee JA, Lee HY, Lee ES, Kim I, Bae JW. Prognostic Implications of MicroRNA-21 Overexpression in Invasive Ductal Carcinomas of the Breast. J Breast Cancer 2011; 14:269-75. [PMID: 22323912 PMCID: PMC3268922 DOI: 10.4048/jbc.2011.14.4.269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2011] [Accepted: 09/30/2011] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Among more than 500 microRNAs, microRNA-21 (miR-21) is known to act as an oncogene. The aim of this study was to investigate the significance of miR-21 expression level in relation with clinicopathological factors and prognosis in breast cancer. METHODS MicroRNA was extracted from cancer and normal breast tissue of 109 breast cancer patients who underwent surgery from 2002 to 2004 using the Taqman® MicroRNA Assay. The correlation between miR-21 expression and clinicopathologic features was analyzed and the significance of miR-21 as a prognostic factor and its relationship with survival was determined. RESULTS MiR-21 expression was higher in cancer tissues than in normal tissues (p<0.0001). High miR-21 expression was associated with mastectomy, larger tumor size, higher stage, higher grade, estrogen receptor (ER) negative, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) positive, HER2 positive breast cancer subtype, high Ki-67 expression, and death. On multivariate analysis, prognostic factors for overall survival were ER and miR-21. High miR-21 expression was significantly related to lower overall survival (p=0.031). CONCLUSION This study supports the role of miR-21 as an oncogene and a biomarker for breast cancer with its high expression in cancer tissues and its relationship with other prognostic factors and survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Ah Lee
- Department of Surgery, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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