1
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Lee SJ, Jeon SH, Cho S, Kim CM, Yoo JK, Oh SH, Kim JH, Yang YD, Kim JK. hsa-miR-CHA2, a novel microRNA, exhibits anticancer effects by suppressing cyclin E1 in human non-small cell lung cancer cells. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024:167250. [PMID: 38763409 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2024.167250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
Despite considerable therapeutic advancements, the global survival rate for lung cancer patients remains poor, posing challenges in developing an effective treatment strategy. In many cases, microRNAs (miRNAs) exhibit abnormal expression levels in cancers, including lung cancer. Dysregulated miRNAs often play a crucial role in the development and progression of cancer. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms underlying aberrant miRNA expression during carcinogenesis may provide crucial clues to develop novel therapeutics. In this study, we identified and cloned a novel miRNA, hsa-miR-CHA2, which is abnormally downregulated in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)-derived cell lines and tissues of patients with NSCLC. Furthermore, we found that hsa-miR-CHA2 regulates the post-transcriptional levels of Cyclin E1 (CCNE1) by binding to the 3'-UTR of CCNE1 mRNA. CCNE1, a cell cycle regulator involved in the G1/S transition, is often amplified in various cancers. Notably, hsa-miR-CHA2 overexpression led to the alteration of the Rb-E2F pathway, a significant signaling pathway in the cell cycle, by targeting CCNE1 in A549 and SK-LU-1 cells. Subsequently, we confirmed that hsa-miR-CHA2 induced G1-phase arrest and exhibited an anti-proliferative effect by targeting CCNE1. Moreover, in subcutaneous xenograft mouse models, intra-tumoral injection of polyplexed hsa-miR-CHA2 mimic suppressed tumor growth and development. In conclusion, hsa-miR-CHA2 exhibited an anticancer effect by targeting CCNE1 both in vitro and in vivo. These findings suggest the potential role of hsa-miR-CHA2 as an important regulator of cell proliferation in molecular-targeted therapy for NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- So Jeong Lee
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, CHA University, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Ho Jeon
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, CHA University, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Sinyoung Cho
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, CHA University, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Min Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, CHA University, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Ki Yoo
- R&D Center of Curigin Ltd., Seoul 04778, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Hun Oh
- Department of Neurology, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Hyup Kim
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Uiryeong Hospital, Uiryeong-gun, Gyeongsangnam-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Duk Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, CHA University, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jin Kyeoung Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, CHA University, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.
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2
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Gao W, Zhou J, Morshedi M. MicroRNA-34 and gastrointestinal cancers: a player with big functions. Cancer Cell Int 2024; 24:163. [PMID: 38725047 PMCID: PMC11084024 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-024-03338-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
It is commonly assumed that gastrointestinal cancer is the most common form of cancer across the globe and is the leading contributor to cancer-related death. The intricate mechanisms underlying the growth of GI cancers have been identified. It is worth mentioning that both non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) and certain types of RNA, such as circular RNAs (circRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and microRNAs (miRNAs), can have considerable impact on the development of gastrointestinal (GI) cancers. As a tumour suppressor, in the group of short non-coding regulatory RNAs is miR-34a. miR-34a silences multiple proto-oncogenes at the post-transcriptional stage by targeting them, which inhibits all physiologically relevant cell proliferation pathways. However, it has been discovered that deregulation of miR-34a plays important roles in the growth of tumors and the development of cancer, including invasion, metastasis, and the tumor-associated epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Further understanding of miR-34a's molecular pathways in cancer is also necessary for the development of precise diagnoses and effective treatments. We outlined the most recent research on miR-34a functions in GI cancers in this review. Additionally, we emphasize the significance of exosomal miR-34 in gastrointestinal cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Gao
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Hernia and Abdominal Wall Surgery, The First Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Jianping Zhou
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Hernia and Abdominal Wall Surgery, The First Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China.
| | - Mohammadamin Morshedi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
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3
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Li L, Zhang Y, Zhou J, Wang J, Wang L. A systematic review of the mechanistic actions of microRNAs within integrated traditional Chinese medicine and western medical treatment for endometriosis. Drug Discov Ther 2024; 18:1-9. [PMID: 38417896 DOI: 10.5582/ddt.2024.01004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
Endometriosis (EM), also known as Zhengjia in traditional Chinese medicine, is a common disease that significantly impacts women's health. An integrated treatment approach combining traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and western medicine has demonstrated significant clinical efficacy in the management of this condition. Specifically, it has been effective in addressing blood circulation and other diseases. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), which are molecules important in gene regulation, have been implicated in various physiologic and pathologic processes. In this review, we systematically summarized the potential mechanisms underlying the integrated EM treatment, with a focus on the role of microRNAs (miRNAs). Current research suggests that integrated TCM and western medicine treatment may exert their therapeutic effects on EM by influencing the expression of miRNAs. Through miRNA modulation, such a treatment approach may inhibit the growth of ectopic lesions and alleviate clinical symptoms. This review will shed light on the specific miRNAs that have been implicated in the integrated treatment of EM, as well as their potential mechanisms of action. By consolidating the existing evidence, we aim to provide clinicians and researchers with a clearer understanding of the therapeutic benefits of the integrated approach and potentially identify new avenues for improving clinical treatment outcomes. Ultimately, this review will contribute to the growing body of knowledge in this field, providing a basis for further research and the development of more targeted and efficient treatment strategies for EM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisha Li
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- The Academy of Integrative Medicine of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-related Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiqin Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- The Academy of Integrative Medicine of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-related Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- The Academy of Integrative Medicine of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-related Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Ling Wang
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- The Academy of Integrative Medicine of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-related Diseases, Shanghai, China
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4
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Salman A, Abdel Mageed SS, Fathi D, Elrebehy MA, Abulsoud AI, Elshaer SS, Khidr EG, Al-Noshokaty TM, Khaled R, Rizk NI, Elballal MS, Sayed GA, Abd-Elmawla MA, El Tabaa MM, Mohammed OA, Ashraf A, El-Husseiny AA, Midan HM, El-Dakroury WA, Abdel-Reheim MA, Doghish AS. Deciphering signaling pathway interplay via miRNAs in malignant pleural mesothelioma. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 252:154947. [PMID: 37977032 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a highly invasive form of lung cancer that adversely affects the pleural and other linings of the lungs. MPM is a very aggressive tumor that often has an advanced stage at diagnosis and a bad prognosis (between 7 and 12 months). When people who have been exposed to asbestos experience pleural effusion and pain that is not explained, MPM should be suspected. After being diagnosed, most MPM patients have a one- to four-year life expectancy. The life expectancy is approximately six months without treatment. Despite the plethora of current molecular investigations, a definitive universal molecular signature has yet to be discovered as the causative factor for the pathogenesis of MPM. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are known to play a crucial role in the regulation of gene expression at the posttranscriptional level. The association between the expression of these short, non-coding RNAs and several neoplasms, including MPM, has been observed. Although the incidence of MPM is very low, there has been a significant increase in research focused on miRNAs in the past few years. In addition, miRNAs have been found to have a role in various regulatory signaling pathways associated with MPM, such as the Notch signaling network, Wnt/β-catenin, mutation of KRAS, JAK/STAT signaling circuit, protein kinase B (AKT), and Hedgehog signaling pathway. This study provides a comprehensive overview of the existing understanding of the roles of miRNAs in the underlying mechanisms of pathogenic symptoms in MPM, highlighting their potential as viable targets for therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aya Salman
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University, Badr City, 11829 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sherif S Abdel Mageed
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Doaa Fathi
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo 11785, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud A Elrebehy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Ahmed I Abulsoud
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo 11785, Egypt; Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, 11231 Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Shereen Saeid Elshaer
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo 11785, Egypt; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo 11823, Egypt
| | - Emad Gamil Khidr
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, 11231 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Tohada M Al-Noshokaty
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo 11785, Egypt
| | - Reem Khaled
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Nehal I Rizk
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo 11785, Egypt
| | - Mohammed S Elballal
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Ghadir A Sayed
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University, Badr City, 11829 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mai A Abd-Elmawla
- Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Manar Mohammed El Tabaa
- Pharmacology & Environmental Toxicology, Environmental Studies & Research Institute (ESRI), University of Sadat City, Sadat City, 32897 Menoufia, Egypt
| | - Osama A Mohammed
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Bisha, Bisha 61922, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alaa Ashraf
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A El-Husseiny
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University, Badr City, 11829 Cairo, Egypt; Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, 11231 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Heba M Midan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Walaa A El-Dakroury
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Mustafa Ahmed Abdel-Reheim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Shaqra University, Shaqra 11961, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef 62521, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed S Doghish
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt; Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, 11231 Cairo, Egypt.
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5
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Wang H, Yang B, Tang H, Ding S, Liu G. Hairpin DNA-based electrochemical amplification strategy for miRNA sensing by using single gold nanoelectrodes. Analyst 2023; 148:5636-5641. [PMID: 37846736 DOI: 10.1039/d3an01551c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
A new sensor has been developed to detect miRNA-15 using nanoelectrodes and a hairpin DNA-based electrochemical amplification technique. By utilizing a complex DNA cylinder connected with hairpin DNA1, the sensor is able to absorb more methylene blue (MB) than simple double-stranded DNA. Another hairpin DNA2 is modified on an Au nanoelectrode surface and, when miRNA-15 is introduced, it triggers a chain reaction. This reaction unlocks two hairpins alternatively to polymerize into a complex structure that attaches more MB. The miRNA-15 is then replaced by DNA1 due to strand displacement reactions and continues to react with the next DNA2 to achieve circular amplification. The electrochemical signal from MB oxidation has a linear relationship with the miRNA-15 concentrations, making it possible to detect miRNA-15. Moreover, this method can be readily adapted for the detection of various other miRNA species. The newly devised nanosensor holds promising applications for the in vivo detection of miRNA-15 within biological systems, which is achieved by leveraging the advantageous characteristics of nanoelectrodes, including their low resistance-capacitance time constant, rapid mass transfer kinetics, and small diameter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Green and Precise Synthetic Chemistry and Applications, Ministry of Education; School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui 235000, P R China.
| | - Binbin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Green and Precise Synthetic Chemistry and Applications, Ministry of Education; School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui 235000, P R China.
| | - Haoran Tang
- Key Laboratory of Green and Precise Synthetic Chemistry and Applications, Ministry of Education; School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui 235000, P R China.
| | - Sufang Ding
- Key Laboratory of Green and Precise Synthetic Chemistry and Applications, Ministry of Education; School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui 235000, P R China.
| | - Gen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Green and Precise Synthetic Chemistry and Applications, Ministry of Education; School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui 235000, P R China.
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6
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Voss G, Cassidy JR, Ceder Y. Functional consequences of A-to-I editing of miR-379 in prostate cancer cells. Sci Rep 2023; 13:16602. [PMID: 37789115 PMCID: PMC10547749 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-43775-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the predominant cause of cancer in men, but there is still a lack of biomarkers and treatments for metastatic spread. The initial promise of microRNAs to provide avenues to solve these problems has been dampened by the realisation that microRNAs co-exist in multiple functionally distinct isoforms, for example due to A-to-I editing. We recently found that A-to-I-editing of microRNA-379 (miR-379) was associated with prostate cancer, and that only the unedited isoform was negatively correlated with aggressive disease. Here, we set out to decipher the biological effects of unedited and edited miR-379 in prostate cancer cells. After transfection of four different prostate cancer cell lines with isoform-specific miR-379 mimics, we performed assays for cell growth, colony formation, migration, cell-cell adhesion, and analysed epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and stemness markers. We found that unedited miR-379 affected cell growth, with a promoting function in androgen receptor (AR)-negative cells and an inhibiting effect in AR-positive cells. This is supported by our in silico analysis that found unedited miR-379 targets are predicted to be predominantly involved in cellular proliferation whereas the targets of edited miR-379 are not. We further found that both miR-379 isoforms could promote colony formation, migration, and cell-cell adhesion. Overall, our data suggests that editing of miR-379 attenuates the growth-suppressive function of unedited miR-379 in androgen-sensitive prostate cancer cells, thereby promoting tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gjendine Voss
- Division of Translational Cancer Research, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - James R Cassidy
- Division of Translational Cancer Research, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Yvonne Ceder
- Division of Translational Cancer Research, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
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7
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Molaei P, Savari M, Mahdavinezhad A, Najafi R, Afshar S, Esfandiari N, Khorrami R, Hashemi M. Highlighting functions of apoptosis and circular RNAs in colorectal cancer. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 248:154592. [PMID: 37295258 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is known as one of the global problems that endangers the lives of thousands of people every year. Various treatments have been used to deal with this disease, but in some cases, they are not effective. Circular RNAs, as a novel class of noncoding RNAs, have different expression levels and various functions in cancer cells, such as gene regulation through microRNA sponging. They play an important role in various cellular processes, including differentiation, proliferation, invasion, and apoptosis. Changes in the process of apoptosis are closely related to the progression or inhibition of various malignancies. Induction of apoptosis in cancer cells is a promising target for tumor therapy. In this study, circRNAs were investigated as being central to the induction or inhibition of apoptosis in CRC. It is hoped that through targeted changes in the function of these biomolecules, better outcomes will be achieved in cancer treatment. Perhaps better outcomes for cancer treatment can be achieved by using new methods and modifying the expression of these nucleic acids. However, using this method may come with challenges and limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pejman Molaei
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Marzieh Savari
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Ali Mahdavinezhad
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Rezvan Najafi
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Saeid Afshar
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Negin Esfandiari
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Division of Epidemiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ramin Khorrami
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mehrdad Hashemi
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
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8
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Sameti P, Tohidast M, Amini M, Bahojb Mahdavi SZ, Najafi S, Mokhtarzadeh A. The emerging role of MicroRNA-182 in tumorigenesis; a promising therapeutic target. Cancer Cell Int 2023; 23:134. [PMID: 37438760 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-023-02972-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023] Open
Abstract
A wide range of studies have indicated that microRNAs (miRNAs), a type of small single-stranded regulatory RNAs, are dysregulated in a different variety of human cancers. Therefore, they are expected to play important roles in tumorigenesis by functioning as oncogenic (oncomiRs) or tumor-suppressive miRNAs. Subsequently, their potential as diagnostic and therapeutic targets for malignancies has attracted attention in recent years. In particular, studies have revealed the aberrant expression of miR-182 through tumorigenesis and its important roles in various aspects of malignancies, including proliferation, metastasis, and chemoresistance. Accumulating reports have illustrated that miR-182, as a dual-role regulator, directly or indirectly regulates the expression of a wide range of genes and modulates the activity of various signaling pathways involved in tumor progression, such as JAK / STAT3, Wnt / β-catenin, TGF-β, and P13K / AKT. Therefore, considering the high therapeutic and diagnostic potential of miR-182, this review aims to point out the effects of miR-182 dysregulation on the signaling pathways involved in tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pouriya Sameti
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Maryam Tohidast
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Amini
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Souzan Najafi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ahad Mokhtarzadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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9
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Sameti P, Amini M, Oroojalian F, Baghay Esfandyari Y, Tohidast M, Rahmani SA, Azarbarzin S, Mokhtarzadeh A, Baradaran B. MicroRNA-425: A Pivotal Regulator Participating in Tumorigenesis of Human Cancers. Mol Biotechnol 2023:10.1007/s12033-023-00756-5. [PMID: 37332071 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-023-00756-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small single-stranded regulatory RNAs that are shown to be dysregulated in a wide array of human cancers. MiRNAs play critical roles in cancer progression and function as either oncogenes or tumor suppressors through modulating various target genes. Therefore, they possess great potential as diagnostic and therapeutic targets for cancer detection and treatment. In particular, recent studies have illustrated that miR-425 is also dysregulated in various human malignancies and plays a fundamental role in cancer initiation and progression. miR-425 has been reported to function as a dual-role miRNA participating in the regulation of cellular processes, including metastasis, invasion, and cell proliferation by modulating multiple signaling pathways, such as TGF-β, Wnt, and P13K/AKT pathways. Therefore, regarding recent researches showing the high therapeutic potential of miR-425, in this review, we have noted the impact of its dysregulation on signaling pathways and various aspects of tumorigenesis in a variety of human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pouriya Sameti
- Department of Biology, Higher Education Institute of Rab-Rashid, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Amini
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Oroojalian
- Department of Advanced Technologies, School of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
- Natural Products and Medicinal Plants Research Center, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | | | - Maryam Tohidast
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Seyed Ali Rahmani
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Shirin Azarbarzin
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ahad Mokhtarzadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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10
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Sell MC, Ramlogan-Steel CA, Steel JC, Dhungel BP. MicroRNAs in cancer metastasis: biological and therapeutic implications. Expert Rev Mol Med 2023; 25:e14. [PMID: 36927814 PMCID: PMC10407223 DOI: 10.1017/erm.2023.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Cancer metastasis is the primary cause of cancer-related deaths. The seeding of primary tumours at a secondary site is a highly inefficient process requiring substantial alterations in the genetic architecture of cancer cells. These alterations include significant changes in global gene expression patterns. MicroRNAs are small, non-protein coding RNAs which play a central role in regulating gene expression. Here, we focus on microRNA determinants of cancer metastasis and examine microRNA dysregulation in metastatic cancer cells. We dissect the metastatic process in a step-wise manner and summarise the involvement of microRNAs at each step. We also discuss the advantages and limitations of different microRNA-based strategies that have been used to target metastasis in pre-clinical models. Finally, we highlight current clinical trials that use microRNA-based therapies to target advanced or metastatic tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie C. Sell
- School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, QLD 4701, Australia
| | - Charmaine A. Ramlogan-Steel
- School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, QLD 4701, Australia
| | - Jason C. Steel
- School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, QLD 4701, Australia
| | - Bijay P. Dhungel
- Gene & Stem Cell Therapy Program Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine & Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia
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11
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Elkhawaga SY, Ismail A, Elsakka EGE, Doghish AS, Elkady MA, El-Mahdy HA. miRNAs as cornerstones in adipogenesis and obesity. Life Sci 2023; 315:121382. [PMID: 36639051 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 59.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
In recent decades, obesity has extensively emerged to the level of pandemics. It's significantly associated with serious co-morbidities that could decrease life quality and even life expectancy. Obesity has several determinants, such as age, sex, endocrine, and genetic factors. The miRNAs have emerged as genetic factors affecting obesity. The miRNAs are small noncoding nucleic acids that can modify gene expression and hence, control biological processes. The miRNAs can greatly affect many biological processes in obesity, such as adipogenesis, lipid metabolism, and homeostasis. As a result, the entry of miRNAs in obesity therapeutic approaches has been strongly advised as miRNAs mimics, inhibitors, and stimulators. Hence, this review aims to point out a summarized and updated overview of miRNAs and their roles in obesity and its included processes, such as adipogenesis and lipid metabolism. Besides, we also review recent applications of miRNAs as a treatment approach for obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samy Y Elkhawaga
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11231, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Ismail
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11231, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Elsayed G E Elsakka
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11231, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed S Doghish
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed A Elkady
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11231, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hesham A El-Mahdy
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11231, Cairo, Egypt
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12
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Yu Z, Xu J, She Q. Harnessing the LdCsm RNA Detection Platform for Efficient microRNA Detection. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032857. [PMID: 36769177 PMCID: PMC9918065 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In cancer diagnosis, diverse microRNAs (miRNAs) are used as biomarkers for carcinogenesis of distinctive human cancers. Thus, the detection of these miRNAs and their quantification are very important in prevention of cancer diseases in human beings. However, efficient RNA detection often requires RT-PCR, which is very complex for miRNAs. Recently, the development of CRISPR-based nucleic acid detection tools has brought new promises to efficient miRNA detection. Three CRISPR systems can be explored for miRNA detection, including type III, V, and VI, among which type III (CRISPR-Cas10) systems have a unique property as they recognize RNA directly and cleave DNA collaterally. In particular, a unique type III-A Csm system encoded by Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus (LdCsm) exhibits robust target RNA-activated DNase activity, which makes it a promising candidate for developing efficient miRNA diagnostic tools. Herein, LdCsm was tested for RNA detection using fluorescence-quenched DNA reporters. We found that the system is capable of specific detection of miR-155, a microRNA implicated in the carcinogenesis of human breast cancer. The RNA detection system was then improved by various approaches including assay conditions and modification of the 5'-repeat tag of LdCsm crRNAs. Due to its robustness, the resulting LdCsm detection platform has the potential to be further developed as a better point-of-care miRNA diagnostics relative to other CRISPR-based RNA detection tools.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Qunxin She
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-532-58631522
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13
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Voss G, Ceder Y. Two-Tailed RT-qPCR for the Quantification of A-to-I-Edited microRNA Isoforms. Curr Protoc 2023; 3:e645. [PMID: 36688607 DOI: 10.1002/cpz1.645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs are short non-coding RNAs with important functions in the regulation of gene expression in healthy and diseased tissues. To optimally utilize the biological and clinical information that is contained in microRNA expression levels, tools for their accurate and cost-effective quantification are needed. While the standard method, qPCR, allows for quick and cheap microRNA quantification, specificity is limited due to the short lengths of microRNAs and the high similarity between closely related microRNA family members. A-to-I editing can further diversify the microRNA pool by altering individual nucleotides. There is currently a lack of protocols for the accurate quantification of A-to-I-edited microRNA isoforms using qPCR. Here, we describe a protocol to quantify microRNA editing isoforms using two-tailed RT-qPCR, with either SYBR Green or hydrolysis probes. The user will perform reverse transcription of RNA samples, generate standard curves, and quantify the resulting cDNA in the following qPCR step. We also give guidelines for primer design and for the evaluation of assays using synthetic oligonucleotides. These tools are expected to be transferable to any A-to-I-edited microRNA and its isoforms. © 2023 The Authors. Current Protocols published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. Basic Protocol 1: Two-tailed reverse transcription of A-to-I-edited microRNAs Basic Protocol 2: SYBR Green-based qPCR for A-to-I-edited microRNAs Alternate Protocol: Hydrolysis probe-based qPCR for A-to-I-edited microRNAs Support Protocol: Preparation of standard curves using synthetic RNA oligonucleotides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gjendine Voss
- Division of Translational Cancer Research, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,Current address: Eugene Bell Center, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, Massachusetts
| | - Yvonne Ceder
- Division of Translational Cancer Research, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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14
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MicroRNAs in T Cell-Immunotherapy. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010250. [PMID: 36613706 PMCID: PMC9820302 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) act as master regulators of gene expression in homeostasis and disease. Despite the rapidly growing body of evidence on the theranostic potential of restoring miRNA levels in pre-clinical models, the translation into clinics remains limited. Here, we review the current knowledge of miRNAs as T-cell targeting immunotherapeutic tools, and we offer an overview of the recent advances in miRNA delivery strategies, clinical trials and future perspectives in RNA interference technologies.
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15
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Wen D, Zhang H, Zhou Y, Wang J. The Molecular Mechanisms and Function of miR-15a/16 Dysregulation in Fibrotic Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232416041. [PMID: 36555676 PMCID: PMC9784154 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232416041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of short, endogenous, non-coding, single-stranded RNAs that can negatively regulate the post-transcriptional expression of target genes. Among them, miR-15a/16 is involved in the regulation of the occurrence and development of fibrosis in the liver, lungs, heart, kidneys, and other organs, as well as systemic fibrotic diseases, affecting important cellular functions, such as cell transformation, the synthesis and degradation of extracellular matrix, and the release of fibrotic mediators. Therefore, this article reviews the biological characteristics of miR-15a/16 and the molecular mechanisms and functions of their dysregulation in fibrotic diseases.
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16
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Lei Q, Yang Y, Zhou W, Liu W, Li Y, Qi N, Li Q, Wen Z, Ding L, Huang X, Li Y, Wu J. MicroRNA-based therapy for glioblastoma: Opportunities and challenges. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 938:175388. [PMID: 36403686 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.175388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and aggressive primary malignant brain tumor and is characterized by high mortality and morbidity rates and unpredictable clinical behavior. The disappointing prognosis for patients with GBM even after surgery and postoperative radiation and chemotherapy has fueled the search for specific targets to provide new insights into the development of modern therapies. MicroRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) act as oncomirs and tumor suppressors to posttranscriptionally regulate the expression of various genes and silence many target genes involved in cell proliferation, the cell cycle, apoptosis, invasion, stem cell behavior, angiogenesis, the microenvironment and chemo- and radiotherapy resistance, which makes them attractive candidates as prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets or agents to advance GBM therapeutics. However, one of the major challenges of successful miRNA-based therapy is the need for an effective and safe system to deliver therapeutic compounds to specific tumor cells or tissues in vivo, particularly systems that can cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB). This challenge has shifted gradually as progress has been achieved in identifying novel tumor-related miRNAs and their targets, as well as the development of nanoparticles (NPs) as new carriers to deliver therapeutic compounds. Here, we provide an up-to-date summary (in recent 5 years) of the current knowledge of GBM-related oncomirs, tumor suppressors and microenvironmental miRNAs, with a focus on their potential applications as prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets, as well as recent advances in the development of carriers for nontoxic miRNA-based therapy delivery systems and how they can be adapted for therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingchun Lei
- Department of Neurosurgery, Pu'er People's Hospital, Pu'er, 665000, Yunnan, PR China
| | - Yongmin Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, Yunnan, PR China
| | - Wenhui Zhou
- School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, Yunnan, PR China
| | - Wenwen Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, Yunnan, PR China; School of Medicine, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, Yunnan, PR China
| | - Yixin Li
- School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, Yunnan, PR China
| | - Nanchang Qi
- Clinical Laboratory, The First People's Hospital of Kunming, Kunming, 650021, Yunnan, PR China
| | - Qiangfeng Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Pu'er People's Hospital, Pu'er, 665000, Yunnan, PR China
| | - Zhonghui Wen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Pu'er People's Hospital, Pu'er, 665000, Yunnan, PR China
| | - Lei Ding
- School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, Yunnan, PR China
| | - Xiaobin Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650000, Yunnan, PR China
| | - Yu Li
- Yunnan Provincial Key Lab of Agricultural Biotechnology, Biotechnology and Germplasm Resources Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, 650223, PR China.
| | - Jin Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Pu'er People's Hospital, Pu'er, 665000, Yunnan, PR China.
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17
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Kalkusova K, Taborska P, Stakheev D, Smrz D. The Role of miR-155 in Antitumor Immunity. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:5414. [PMID: 36358832 PMCID: PMC9659277 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14215414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs belong to a group of short non-coding RNA molecules that are involved in the regulation of gene expression at multiple levels. Their function was described two decades ago, and, since then, microRNAs have become a rapidly developing field of research. Their participation in the regulation of cellular processes, such as proliferation, apoptosis, cell growth, and migration, made microRNAs attractive for cancer research. Moreover, as a single microRNA can simultaneously target multiple molecules, microRNAs offer a unique advantage in regulating multiple cellular processes in different cell types. Many of these cell types are tumor cells and the cells of the immune system. One of the most studied microRNAs in the context of cancer and the immune system is miR-155. MiR-155 plays a role in modulating innate and adaptive immune mechanisms in distinct immune cell types. As such, miR-155 can be part of the communication between the tumor and immune cells and thus impact the process of tumor immunoediting. Several studies have already revealed its effect on antitumor immune responses, and the targeting of this molecule is increasingly implemented in cancer immunotherapy. In this review, we discuss the current knowledge of miR-155 in the regulation of antitumor immunity and the shaping of the tumor microenvironment, and the plausible implementation of miR-155 targeting in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katerina Kalkusova
- Department of Immunology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Motol University Hospital, 150 06 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Pavla Taborska
- Department of Immunology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Motol University Hospital, 150 06 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Dmitry Stakheev
- Department of Immunology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Motol University Hospital, 150 06 Prague, Czech Republic
- Laboratory of Immunotherapy, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Daniel Smrz
- Department of Immunology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Motol University Hospital, 150 06 Prague, Czech Republic
- Laboratory of Immunotherapy, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic
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18
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McDonald SJ, Cranford TL, VanderVeen BN, Cardaci TD, Velázquez KT, Enos RT, Chatzistamou I, Fan D, Murphy EA. miR155 deficiency reduces breast tumor burden in the MMTV-PyMT mouse model. Physiol Genomics 2022; 54:433-442. [PMID: 36121133 PMCID: PMC9602813 DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00057.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
miRNA155 (miR155) has emerged as an important regulator of breast cancer (BrCa) development. Studies have consistently noted an increase in miR155 levels in serum and/or tissues in patients with BrCa. However, what is less clear is whether this increase in miR155 is a reflection of oncogenic or tumor suppressive properties. To study the effects of miR155 in a transgenic model of BrCA, we developed an MMTV-PyMT mouse deficient in miR155 (miR155-/- PyMT). miR155-/- mice (n = 11) exhibited reduced tumor number and volume palpations at ∼14-18 wk of age compared with miR155 sufficient littermates (n = 12). At 19 wk, mammary glands were excised from tumors for RT-PCR, and tumors were counted, measured, and weighed. miR155-/- PyMT mice exhibited reduced tumor volume, number, and weight, which was confirmed by histopathological analysis. There was an increase in apoptosis with miR155 deficiency and a decrease in proliferation. As expected, miR155 deficiency resulted in upregulated gene expression of suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 (Socs1)-its direct target. There was a reduction in gene expression of macrophage markers (CD68, Adgre1, Itgax, Mrc1) with miR-155-/- and this was confirmed with immunofluorescence staining for F4/80. miR155-/- increased expression of M1 macrophage marker Nos2 and reduced expression of M2 macrophage markers IL-10, IL-4, Arg1, and MMP9. Overall, miR155 deficiency reduced BrCA and improved the tumor microenvironment through the reduction of genes associated with protumorigenic processes. However, given the inconsistencies in the literature, additional studies are needed before any attempts are made to harness miR155 as a potential oncogenic or tumor suppressive miRNA.NEW & NOTEWORTHY To examine the effects of miR155 in a transgenic model of breast cancer, we developed an MMTV-PyMT mouse-deficient in miR155. We demonstrate that global loss of miR155 resulted in blunted tumor growth through modulating the tumor microenvironment. Specifically, miR155-deficient mice had smaller and less invasive tumors, an increase in apoptosis and a decrease in proliferation, a reduction in tumor-associated macrophages, and the expression of genes associated with protumoral processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sierra J McDonald
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina
| | - Taryn L Cranford
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina
- Precision Medicine Initiatives, Caris Life Sciences, Phoenix, Arizona
| | - Brandon N VanderVeen
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina
- AcePre, LLC, Columbia, South Carolina
| | - Thomas D Cardaci
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina
| | - Kandy T Velázquez
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina
| | - Reilly T Enos
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina
| | - Ioulia Chatzistamou
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina
| | - Daping Fan
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina
- AcePre, LLC, Columbia, South Carolina
| | - E Angela Murphy
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina
- AcePre, LLC, Columbia, South Carolina
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Chow CY, Lie EF, Wu CH, Chow LW. Clinical implication of genetic composition and molecular mechanism on treatment strategies of HER2-positive breast cancers. Front Oncol 2022; 12:964824. [PMID: 36387174 PMCID: PMC9659858 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.964824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The current clinical management model of HER2-positive breast cancers is commonly based on guidelines, which in turn are based on the design and outcome of clinical trials. While this model is useful to most practicing clinicians, the treatment outcome of individual patient is not certain at the start of treatment. As the understanding of the translational research of carcinogenesis and the related changes in cancer genetics and tumor microenvironment during treatment is critical in the selection of right choice of treatment to maximize the successful clinical outcome for the patient, this review article intends to discuss the latest developments in the genetic and molecular mechanisms of cancer progression and treatment resistance, and how they influence the planning of the treatment strategies of HER2-positive breast cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Y.C. Chow
- UNIMED Medical Institute, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | | | - Cheng-Hsun Wu
- Department of Anatomy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Louis W.C. Chow
- UNIMED Medical Institute, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Organisation for Oncology and Translational Research, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- *Correspondence: Louis W.C. Chow,
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20
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Zhao Q, Bai J, Chen Y, Liu X, Zhao S, Ling G, Jia S, Zhai F, Xiang R. An optimized herbal combination for the treatment of liver fibrosis: Hub genes, bioactive ingredients, and molecular mechanisms. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 297:115567. [PMID: 35870684 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Liver fibrosis is a chronic liver disease that can lead to cirrhosis, liver failure, and hepatocellular carcinoma, and it is associated with long-term adverse outcomes and mortality. As a primary resource for complementary and alternative medicine, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has accumulated a large number of effective formulas for the treatment of liver fibrosis in clinical practice. However, studies on how to systematically optimize TCM formulas are still lacking. AIM OF THE REVIEW To provide a methodological reference for the systematic optimization of TCM formulae against liver fibrosis and explored the underlying molecular mechanisms; To provide an efficient method for searching for lead compounds from natural sources and developing from herbal medicines; To enable clinicians and patients to make more reasonable choices and promote the effective treatment toward those patients with liver fibrosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS TCM formulas related to treating liver fibrosis were collected from the Web of Science, PubMed, the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wan Fang, and the Chinese Scientific Journals Database (VIP). Furthermore, the TCM compatibility patterns were mined using association analysis. The core TCM combinations were found by designing an optimized formulas algorithm. Finally, the hub target proteins, potential molecular mechanisms, and active compounds were explored through integrative pharmacology and docking-based inverse virtual screening (IVS) approaches. RESULTS We found that the herbs for reinforcing deficiency, activating blood, removing blood stasis, and clearing heat were the basis of TCM formulae patterns. Furthermore, the combination of Salviae Miltiorrhizae (Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge; Chinese salvia/Danshen), Astragali Radix (Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bunge; Astragalus/Huangqi), and Radix Bupleuri (Bupleurum chinense DC.; Bupleurum/Chaihu) was identified as core groups. A total of six targets (TNF, STAT3, EGFR, IL2, ICAM1, PTGS2) play a pivotal role in TCM-mediated liver fibrosis inhibition. (-)-Cryptotanshinone, Tanshinaldehyde, Ononin, Thymol, Daidzein, and Formononetin were identified as active compounds in TCM. And mechanistically, TCM could affect the development of liver fibrosis by regulating inflammation, immunity, angiogenesis, antioxidants, and involvement in TNF, MicroRNAs, Jak-STAT, NF-kappa B, and C-type lectin receptors (CLRs) signaling pathways. Molecular docking results showed that key components had good potential to bind to the target genes. CONCLUSION In summary, this study provides a methodological reference for the systematic optimization of TCM formulae and exploration of underlying molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Zhao
- Faculty of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China.
| | - Jinwei Bai
- School of Medical Equipment, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China.
| | - Yiwei Chen
- Faculty of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China.
| | - Xin Liu
- Faculty of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China.
| | - Shangfeng Zhao
- Faculty of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China.
| | - Guixia Ling
- School of Medical Equipment, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China.
| | - Shubing Jia
- Faculty of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China.
| | - Fei Zhai
- School of Medical Equipment, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China.
| | - Rongwu Xiang
- School of Medical Equipment, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China; Liaoning Professional Technology Innovation Center on Medical Big Data and Artificial Intelligence, Shenyang, 110016, China.
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21
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Mansouri F, Seyed Mohammadzad MH. Effects of metformin on changes of miR-19a and miR-221 expression associated with myocardial infarction in patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2022; 16:102602. [PMID: 35998511 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2022.102602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The presence of hyperglycemia is a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, as it increases the risk of myocardial infarction (MI). Metformin is considered an effective anti-hyperglycemic drug for patients with type 2 diabetes. Prediction of microRNAs is valuable in determining the risk of MI. AIM This study aimed to measure the expression of two microRNAs, which are involved in the risk of MI and vascular stenosis among metformin users and non-users with MI. METHODS In this study, we analyzed the expression of two microRNAs, collected from the blood samples of 180 subjects with MI, using the quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assay. The subjects were categorized into three groups: non-diabetic patients with MI (MIND), diabetic patients with MI not using metformin (MIDMet-), and diabetic patients with MI using metformin (MIDMet+). To assess the sensitivity and specificity of miR-19a and miR-221 expression as potential biomarkers for MI, the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis was conducted for both diabetic groups. RESULTS The diabetic MIDMet + group exhibited a significant decrease in the expression levels of miR-221 (7.2 folds) and miR-19a (5.3 folds) as compared to the MIDMet- and MIND groups (p < 0.05). The ROC analysis revealed that the areas under the ROC curve (AUC) for circulating miR-19a and miR-221 were 0.931 and 0.965 in patients with type 2 diabetes, respectively (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Based on the present findings, metformin therapy can influence cardiovascular disorders and their outcomes through down-regulation of microRNAs. Also, exploration of microRNAs and the effects of metformin on their reduction can provide a potential therapeutic strategy for patients with type 2 diabetes by reducing the MI risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Mansouri
- Department of Genetics and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran; Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
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22
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Dysregulated expression of microRNAs acts as prognostic and diagnostic biomarkers for glioma patients. Mol Genet Genomics 2022; 297:1389-1401. [DOI: 10.1007/s00438-022-01927-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Noncoding RNA actions through IGFs and IGF binding proteins in cancer. Oncogene 2022; 41:3385-3393. [PMID: 35597813 PMCID: PMC9203274 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-022-02353-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) and their regulatory proteins—IGF receptors and binding proteins—are strongly implicated in cancer progression and modulate cell survival and proliferation, migration, angiogenesis and metastasis. By regulating the bioavailability of the type-1 IGF receptor (IGF1R) ligands, IGF-1 and IGF-2, the IGF binding proteins (IGFBP-1 to -6) play essential roles in cancer progression. IGFBPs also influence cell communications through pathways that are independent of IGF1R activation. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), which encompass a variety of RNA types including microRNAs (miRNAs) and long-noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), have roles in multiple oncogenic pathways, but their many points of intersection with IGF axis functions remain to be fully explored. This review examines the functional interactions of miRNAs and lncRNAs with IGFs and their binding proteins in cancer, and reveals how the IGF axis may mediate ncRNA actions that promote or suppress cancer. A better understanding of the links between ncRNA and IGF pathways may suggest new avenues for prognosis and therapeutic intervention in cancer. Further, by exploring examples of intersecting ncRNA-IGF pathways in non-cancer conditions, it is proposed that new opportunities for future discovery in cancer control may be generated.
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24
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miR-155: An Important Role in Inflammation Response. J Immunol Res 2022; 2022:7437281. [PMID: 35434143 PMCID: PMC9007653 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7437281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small, mature, noncoding RNA that lead to posttranscriptional gene silencing to regulate gene expression. miRNAs are instrumental in biological processes such as cell development, cell differentiation, cell proliferation, and cell apoptosis. The miRNA-mediated gene silencing is an important part of the regulation of gene expression in many kinds of diseases. miR-155, one of the best-characterized miRNAs, has been found to be closely related to physiological and pathological processes. What is more, miR-155 can be used as a potential therapeutic target for inflammatory diseases. We analyze the articles about miR-155 for nearly five years, review the advanced study on the function of miR-155 in different inflammatory cells like T cells, B cells, DCs, and macrophages, and then summarize the biological functions of miR-155 in different inflammatory cells. The widespread involvement of miR-155 in human diseases has led to a novel therapeutic approach between Chinese and Western medicine.
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Wu G, Tian Q, Liu J, Zhou Q, Zou D, Chen Z, Wu T, Wang W, Xia H, Zhou J. Comprehensive analysis of expression and prognosis for LMNB family genes in human sarcoma. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e28933. [PMID: 35356902 PMCID: PMC10513290 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000028933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Previous studies indicated that lamin proteins were thought to be related to gene expression, chromatin structure, and unclear stability. There are 2 types of vertebrate lamins, including A and B. The 2 B type proteins are encoded by lamin B1 (LMNB1) and lamin B2 (LMNB2). The LMNBs factor has been found to be associated with the development of multiple tumors, but its association with sarcoma has been barely mentioned.The transcription levels of LMNBs were analyzed via Oncomine database. Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) dataset was adopted to analyze the differential expression of LMNBs in sarcoma. Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia dataset was used to explore the expression of LMNBs in sarcoma cell line. We analyzed the prognostic value of LMNBs in GEPIA and Kaplan-Meier Plotter. Oncomine and GEPIA datasets were also used to detect the relationship between LMNBs and their co-expressed genes. We used the Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery to conduct the Gene Ontology analysis of LMNBs and their co-expressed genes. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes was also used to analyze the pathway of LMNBs.LMNB1 and LMNB2 were reported to be hyperexpressed in sarcoma. The expression of LMNBs was elevated in various sarcoma cell lines. According to the results, we observed that LMNBs were connected to the poor overall survival, recurrence-free survival, and disease-free survival of sarcoma patients.This study indicated that hyperexpression of LMNBs was significantly related to worse outcome of sarcoma, LMNB1 and LMNB2 were expected to become potential biomarkers for human.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Hong Xia
- * Correspondence: Hong Xia, Department of Orthopedics, Xiangtan Central Hospital, Xiangtan, Hunan 411100, China (e-mail: ); Jian Zhou,Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China (e-mail: ).
| | - Jian Zhou
- * Correspondence: Hong Xia, Department of Orthopedics, Xiangtan Central Hospital, Xiangtan, Hunan 411100, China (e-mail: ); Jian Zhou,Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China (e-mail: ).
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Herrero-Aguayo V, Sáez-Martínez P, Jiménez-Vacas JM, Moreno-Montilla MT, Montero-Hidalgo AJ, Pérez-Gómez JM, López-Canovas JL, Porcel-Pastrana F, Carrasco-Valiente J, Anglada FJ, Gómez-Gómez E, Yubero-Serrano EM, Ibañez-Costa A, Herrera-Martínez AD, Sarmento-Cabral A, Gahete MD, Luque RM. Dysregulation of the miRNome unveils a crosstalk between obesity and prostate cancer: miR-107 asa personalized diagnostic and therapeutic tool. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2022; 27:1164-1178. [PMID: 35282415 PMCID: PMC8889365 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2022.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is the gold-standard marker to screen prostate cancer (PCa) nowadays. Unfortunately, its lack of specificity and sensitivity makes the identification of novel tools to diagnose PCa an urgent medical need. In this context, microRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as potential sources of non-invasive diagnostic biomarkers in several pathologies. Therefore, this study was aimed at assessing for the first time the dysregulation of the whole plasma miRNome in PCa patients and its putative implication in PCa from a personalized perspective (i.e., obesity condition). Plasma miRNome from a discovery cohort (18 controls and 19 PCa patients) was determined using an Affymetrix-miRNA array, showing that the expression of 104 miRNAs was significantly altered, wherein six exhibited a significant receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve to distinguish between control and PCa patients (area under the curve [AUC] = 1). Then, a systematic validation using an independent cohort (135 controls and 160 PCa patients) demonstrated that miR-107 was the most profoundly altered miRNA in PCa (AUC = 0.75). Moreover, miR-107 levels significantly outperformed the ability of PSA to distinguish between control and PCa patients and correlated with relevant clinical parameters (i.e., PSA). These differences were more pronounced when considering only obese patients (BMI > 30). Interestingly, miR-107 levels were reduced in PCa tissues versus non-tumor tissues (n = 84) and in PCa cell lines versus non-tumor cells. In vitro miR-107 overexpression altered key aggressiveness features in PCa cells (i.e., proliferation, migration, and tumorospheres formation) and modulated the expression of important genes involved in PCa pathophysiology (i.e., lipid metabolism [i.e., FASN] and splicing process). Altogether, miR-107 might represent a novel and useful personalized diagnostic and prognostic biomarker and a potential therapeutic tool in PCa, especially in obese patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vicente Herrero-Aguayo
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Edificio IMIBIC, Av. Menéndez Pidal s/n, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, University of Córdoba, 14014 Córdoba, Spain
- Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía (HURS), 14004 Córdoba, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, (CIBERobn), 28019 Madrid, Spain
| | - Prudencio Sáez-Martínez
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Edificio IMIBIC, Av. Menéndez Pidal s/n, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, University of Córdoba, 14014 Córdoba, Spain
- Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía (HURS), 14004 Córdoba, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, (CIBERobn), 28019 Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan M. Jiménez-Vacas
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Edificio IMIBIC, Av. Menéndez Pidal s/n, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, University of Córdoba, 14014 Córdoba, Spain
- Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía (HURS), 14004 Córdoba, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, (CIBERobn), 28019 Madrid, Spain
| | - M. Trinidad Moreno-Montilla
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Edificio IMIBIC, Av. Menéndez Pidal s/n, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, University of Córdoba, 14014 Córdoba, Spain
- Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía (HURS), 14004 Córdoba, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, (CIBERobn), 28019 Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio J. Montero-Hidalgo
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Edificio IMIBIC, Av. Menéndez Pidal s/n, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, University of Córdoba, 14014 Córdoba, Spain
- Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía (HURS), 14004 Córdoba, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, (CIBERobn), 28019 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús M. Pérez-Gómez
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Edificio IMIBIC, Av. Menéndez Pidal s/n, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, University of Córdoba, 14014 Córdoba, Spain
- Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía (HURS), 14004 Córdoba, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, (CIBERobn), 28019 Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan L. López-Canovas
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Edificio IMIBIC, Av. Menéndez Pidal s/n, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, University of Córdoba, 14014 Córdoba, Spain
- Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía (HURS), 14004 Córdoba, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, (CIBERobn), 28019 Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Porcel-Pastrana
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Edificio IMIBIC, Av. Menéndez Pidal s/n, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, University of Córdoba, 14014 Córdoba, Spain
- Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía (HURS), 14004 Córdoba, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, (CIBERobn), 28019 Madrid, Spain
| | - Julia Carrasco-Valiente
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Edificio IMIBIC, Av. Menéndez Pidal s/n, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
- Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía (HURS), 14004 Córdoba, Spain
- Urology Service, HURS/IMIBIC, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Francisco J. Anglada
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Edificio IMIBIC, Av. Menéndez Pidal s/n, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
- Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía (HURS), 14004 Córdoba, Spain
- Urology Service, HURS/IMIBIC, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Enrique Gómez-Gómez
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Edificio IMIBIC, Av. Menéndez Pidal s/n, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
- Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía (HURS), 14004 Córdoba, Spain
- Urology Service, HURS/IMIBIC, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Elena M. Yubero-Serrano
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Edificio IMIBIC, Av. Menéndez Pidal s/n, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
- Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía (HURS), 14004 Córdoba, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, (CIBERobn), 28019 Madrid, Spain
- Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, HURS/IMIBIC, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Alejandro Ibañez-Costa
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Edificio IMIBIC, Av. Menéndez Pidal s/n, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, University of Córdoba, 14014 Córdoba, Spain
- Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía (HURS), 14004 Córdoba, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, (CIBERobn), 28019 Madrid, Spain
| | - Aura D. Herrera-Martínez
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Edificio IMIBIC, Av. Menéndez Pidal s/n, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
- Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía (HURS), 14004 Córdoba, Spain
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, HURS/IMIBIC, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
| | - André Sarmento-Cabral
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Edificio IMIBIC, Av. Menéndez Pidal s/n, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, University of Córdoba, 14014 Córdoba, Spain
- Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía (HURS), 14004 Córdoba, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, (CIBERobn), 28019 Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel D. Gahete
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Edificio IMIBIC, Av. Menéndez Pidal s/n, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, University of Córdoba, 14014 Córdoba, Spain
- Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía (HURS), 14004 Córdoba, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, (CIBERobn), 28019 Madrid, Spain
- Corresponding author Manuel D. Gahete, Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Edificio IMIBIC, Av. Menéndez Pidal s/n, 14004 Córdoba, Spain.
| | - Raúl M. Luque
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Edificio IMIBIC, Av. Menéndez Pidal s/n, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, University of Córdoba, 14014 Córdoba, Spain
- Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía (HURS), 14004 Córdoba, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, (CIBERobn), 28019 Madrid, Spain
- Corresponding author Raúl M. Luque, Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Edificio IMIBIC, Av. Menéndez Pidal s/n, 14004 Córdoba, Spain.
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Molecular Landscape of Small Bowel Adenocarcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14051287. [PMID: 35267592 PMCID: PMC8909755 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14051287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Small bowel adenocarcinoma (SBA) is a rare malignancy, with lower incidence, later stage at diagnosis, and poor overall prognosis compared to other cancers of the gastrointestinal tract. Owing to the rarity of the disease along with the paucity of high-quality tissue samples and preclinical models, little is known about the molecular alterations characteristic of SBA. This is reflected by the fact that the clinical management of SBA is primarily extrapolated from colorectal cancer (CRC). Recent advances in genomic profiling have highlighted key differences between these tumors, establishing SBA as a molecularly unique intestinal cancer. Moreover, comprehensive molecular analysis has identified a relatively high incidence of potentially targetable genomic alterations in SBA, predictive of response to targeted and immunotherapies. Further advances in our knowledge of the mutational and transcriptomic landscape of SBA, guided by an increased understanding of the molecular drivers of SBA, will provide opportunities to develop novel diagnostic tools and personalized therapeutic strategies.
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Gebrekiristos M, Melson J, Jiang A, Buckingham L. DNA methylation and miRNA expression in colon adenomas compared with matched normal colon mucosa and carcinomas. Int J Exp Pathol 2022; 103:74-82. [PMID: 35229372 DOI: 10.1111/iep.12432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Dysregulation of DNA methylation patterns and non-coding RNA, including miRNAs, has been implicated in colon cancer, and these changes may occur early in the development of carcinoma. In this study, the role of epigenetics as early changes in colon tumorigenesis was examined through paired sample analysis of patient-matched normal, adenoma and carcinoma samples. Global methylation was assessed by genomic 5-methyl cytosine (5-mC) and long interspersed nuclear element-1 (LINE-1) promoter methylation by pyrosequencing. KRAS mutations were also assessed by pyrosequencing. Expression of miRNA, specifically, two microRNA genes-miR-200a and let-7c-was analysed using RT-qPCR. Differences in global methylation in adenomas were not observed, compared with normal tissue. However, LINE-1 methylation was decreased in adenomas (p = .056) and carcinomas (p = .011) compared with normal tissue. Expressions of miRNA, miR-200a and let-7c were significantly higher in adenomas than normal tissues (p = .008 and p = .045 respectively). Thus the significant changes in LINE-1 methylation and microRNA expression in precancerous lesions support an early role for epigenetic changes in the carcinogenic process. Epigenetic characteristics in adenomas may provide potential diagnostic and prognostic therapeutic targets early in cancer development at the adenoma stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mezgebe Gebrekiristos
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Rush University College of Health Sciences, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Joshua Melson
- Department of Gastroenterology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Alice Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Lela Buckingham
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Rush University College of Health Sciences, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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Liu B, Hu J, Zhao H, Zhao L, Pan S. MicroRNA-155-5p Contributes to 5-Fluorouracil Resistance Through Down-Regulating TP53INP1 in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2022; 11:706095. [PMID: 35070952 PMCID: PMC8770267 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.706095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The anticancer drug 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) resistance is a major obstacle to reducing the effectiveness of cancer treatment, and its detailed mechanism has not been fully elucidated. Here, in 5-FU-resistant human oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) HSC3 cells (HSC3/5-FU), the levels of 21 miRNA candidates were detected using RT-PCR and miR-155-5p level increased strikingly in HSC3/5-FU cells compared to HSC3 cells. Compared with HSC3 cells, the CCK-8 assay showed that the HSC3/5-FU cells transfected with miR-155-5p inhibitors decreased 5-FU IC50. Ectopic expression of miR-155-5p in HSC3 and HSC4 cells increased 5-FU IC50 (CCK-8 assay), migration (wound-healing and transwell assays) and invasion (transwell assay) abilities. Seven miR-155-5p target candidates were discovered by miRNA prediction algorithms (miRDB, Targetscan, and miRWalk), and the RT-PCR results showed that in HSC3/5-FU cells TP53INP1 was of the lowest mRNA expression level compared with HSC3 cells. The RT-PCR and Western blotting assays showed that ectopic expression of miR-155-5p in HSC3 and HSC4 cells decreased TP53INP1 expression level. Furthermore, the luciferase reporter and RNA pull-down assays determined the interference effect of miR-155-5p on TP53INP1 expression. The enhancement of cell viability (CCK-8 assay), migration (wound-healing and transwell assays) and invasion (transwell assay) by miR-155-5p after 5-FU treatment was reversed by TP53INP1 overexpression. After treatment with 5-FU, HSC3-miR-155-5p tumor-bearing nude mice presented growing tumors, while HSC3-TP53INP1 group possessed shrinking tumors. In conclusion, these results lead to the proposal that miR-155-5p enhances 5-FU resistance by decreasing TP53INP1 expression in OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Liu
- Outpatient Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jingchao Hu
- Department of Periodontics, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Han Zhao
- Multi-disciplinary Treatment Center, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Li Zhao
- Department of Prosthodontics, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Shiyuan Pan
- Department of Dentistry, Chongqing Huamei Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chongqing, China
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Li Y, Liu X, Ma Z. EGFR, NF-κB and noncoding RNAs in precision medicine. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2022; 190:189-218. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2022.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Targeting miRNAs with anesthetics in cancer: Current understanding and future perspectives. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 144:112309. [PMID: 34653761 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Anesthetics are extensively used during cancer surgeries. The progression of cancer can be influenced by perioperative events such as exposure to general or local anesthesia. However, whether they inhibit cancer or act as a causative factor for metastasis and exert deleterious effects on cancer growth differs based on the type of cancer and the therapy administration. Recent experimental data suggested that many of the most commonly used anesthetics in surgical oncology, whether general or local agents, can alter gene expression and cause epigenetic changes via modulating miRNAs. miRNAs are single-stranded non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression at various levels, and their dysregulation contributes to the pathogenesis of cancers. However, anesthetics via regulating miRNAs can concurrently target several effectors of cellular signaling pathways involved in cell differentiation, proliferation, and viability. This review summarized the current research about the effects of different anesthetics in regulating cancer, with a particular emphasis on the role of miRNAs. A significant number of studies conducted in this area of research illuminate the effects of anesthetics on the regulation of miRNA expression; therefore, we hope that a thorough understanding of the underlying mechanisms involved in the regulation of miRNA in the context of anesthesia-induced cancer regulation could help to define optimal anesthetic regimens and provide better perspectives for further studies.
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Li L, Feng T, Zhou W, Liu Y, Li H. miRNAs in decidual NK cells: regulators worthy of attention during pregnancy. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2021; 19:150. [PMID: 34600537 PMCID: PMC8486626 DOI: 10.1186/s12958-021-00812-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The critical immune effectors, including T, B, and natural killer (NK) cells, dendritic cells, and macrophages participate in regulating immune responses during pregnancy. Among these immune cells, decidual NK (dNK) cells are involved in key placental development processes at the maternal-fetal interface, such as uterine spiral artery remodeling, trophoblast invasion, and decidualization. Mechanistically, dNK cells significantly influence pregnancy outcome by secreting cytokines, chemokines, and angiogenic mediators and by their interactions with trophoblasts and other decidual cells. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNA molecules that participate in the initiation and progression of human diseases. Although the functions of circulating miRNAs in pathological mechanism has been extensively studied, the regulatory roles of miRNAs in NK cells, especially in dNK cells, have been rarely reported. In this review, we analyze the effects of miRNA regulations of dNK cell functions on the immune system during gestation. We discuss aberrant expressions of certain miRNAs in dNK cells that may lead to pathological consequences, such as recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL). Interestingly, miRNA expression patterns are also different between dNK cells and peripheral NK (pNK) cells, and pNK cells in the first- and third-trimester of gestation. The dysregulation of miRNA plays a pivotal regulatory role in driving immune functions of dNK and pNK cells. Further understanding of the molecular mechanisms of miRNAs in dNK cells may provide new insights into the development of therapeutics to prevent pregnancy failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liman Li
- Center of Translational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ting Feng
- Center of Translational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Weijie Zhou
- Center of Translational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- Center of Translational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hong Li
- Center of Translational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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Kumar S, Sarthi P, Mani I, Ashraf MU, Kang MH, Kumar V, Bae YS. Epitranscriptomic Approach: To Improve the Efficacy of ICB Therapy by Co-Targeting Intracellular Checkpoint CISH. Cells 2021; 10:2250. [PMID: 34571899 PMCID: PMC8466810 DOI: 10.3390/cells10092250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular immunotherapy has recently emerged as a fourth pillar in cancer treatment co-joining surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Where, the discovery of immune checkpoint blockage or inhibition (ICB/ICI), anti-PD-1/PD-L1 and anti-CTLA4-based, therapy has revolutionized the class of cancer treatment at a different level. However, some cancer patients escape this immune surveillance mechanism and become resistant to ICB-therapy. Therefore, a more advanced or an alternative treatment is required urgently. Despite the functional importance of epitranscriptomics in diverse clinico-biological practices, its role in improving the efficacy of ICB therapeutics has been limited. Consequently, our study encapsulates the evidence, as a possible strategy, to improve the efficacy of ICB-therapy by co-targeting molecular checkpoints especially N6A-modification machineries which can be reformed into RNA modifying drugs (RMD). Here, we have explained the mechanism of individual RNA-modifiers (editor/writer, eraser/remover, and effector/reader) in overcoming the issues associated with high-dose antibody toxicities and drug-resistance. Moreover, we have shed light on the importance of suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS/CISH) and microRNAs in improving the efficacy of ICB-therapy, with brief insight on the current monoclonal antibodies undergoing clinical trials or already approved against several solid tumor and metastatic cancers. We anticipate our investigation will encourage researchers and clinicians to further strengthen the efficacy of ICB-therapeutics by considering the importance of epitranscriptomics as a personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil Kumar
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Jangan-gu, Suwon 16419, Gyeonggi-do, Korea; (M.U.A.); (M.-H.K.)
- Science Research Center (SRC) for Immune Research on Non-lymphoid Organ (CIRNO), Sungkyunkwan University, Jangan-gu, Suwon 16419, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Parth Sarthi
- University Department of Botany, M.Sc. Biotechnology, Ranchi University, Ranchi 834008, India;
| | - Indra Mani
- Department of Microbiology, Gargi College, University of Delhi, New Delhi 110049, India;
| | - Muhammad Umer Ashraf
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Jangan-gu, Suwon 16419, Gyeonggi-do, Korea; (M.U.A.); (M.-H.K.)
- Science Research Center (SRC) for Immune Research on Non-lymphoid Organ (CIRNO), Sungkyunkwan University, Jangan-gu, Suwon 16419, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Myeong-Ho Kang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Jangan-gu, Suwon 16419, Gyeonggi-do, Korea; (M.U.A.); (M.-H.K.)
- Science Research Center (SRC) for Immune Research on Non-lymphoid Organ (CIRNO), Sungkyunkwan University, Jangan-gu, Suwon 16419, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Vishal Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Dayananda Sagar University, Bengaluru 560078, India;
| | - Yong-Soo Bae
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Jangan-gu, Suwon 16419, Gyeonggi-do, Korea; (M.U.A.); (M.-H.K.)
- Science Research Center (SRC) for Immune Research on Non-lymphoid Organ (CIRNO), Sungkyunkwan University, Jangan-gu, Suwon 16419, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
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Xu H, Wang X, Zhang Y, Zheng W, Zhang H. GATA6-AS1 inhibits ovarian cancer cell proliferation and migratory and invasive abilities by sponging miR-19a-5p and upregulating TET2. Oncol Lett 2021; 22:718. [PMID: 34429758 PMCID: PMC8371982 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.12979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
GATA6 antisense RNA 1 (GATA6-AS1) has been reported to be involved in the progression of several types of cancer. In the present study, the role of GATA6-AS1 in ovarian cancer (OC) was explored. Reverse transcription quantitative PCR was used to detect the expression of GATA6-AS1, microRNA (miR)-19a-5p and tet methylcytosine dioxygenase 2 (TET2) in OC and adjacent normal tissues. Furthermore, OC cells with GATA-AS1 either knocked down or overexpressed were established. The Cell Counting Kit-8 assay was used to evaluate cell proliferation and a Transwell assay was used to assess the migratory and invasive abilities of OC cells. A dual luciferase reporter gene assay was used to determine whether GATA6-AS1 and miR-19a-5p, and miR-19a-5p and TET2, may interact with each other. The results demonstrated that GATA6-AS1 expression level was decreased in OC tissues and cells compared with control groups. In addition, GATA6-AS1 overexpression significantly inhibited the proliferation and migratory and invasive abilities of OC cells, whereas GATA6-AS1 downregulation had the opposite effects. Furthermore, GATA6-AS1 adsorbed miR-19a-5p to repress its expression and GTA6-AS1 indirectly upregulated TET2 expression. Taken together, the findings from this study suggested that GATA6-AS1 could inhibit the proliferation and migratory and invasive abilities of OC cells via regulation of the miR-19a-5p/TET2 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Xu
- Department of Obstetrics, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong 264000, P.R. China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Department of Obstetrics, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong 264000, P.R. China
| | - Yinghong Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong 264000, P.R. China
| | - Wei Zheng
- Department of Gynecology, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong 264000, P.R. China
| | - Huijie Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong 264000, P.R. China
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Role of Stress-Survival Pathways and Transcriptomic Alterations in Progression of Colorectal Cancer: A Health Disparities Perspective. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18115525. [PMID: 34063993 PMCID: PMC8196775 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18115525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
Every year, more than a million individuals are diagnosed with colorectal cancer (CRC) across the world. Certain lifestyle and genetic factors are known to drive the high incidence and mortality rates in some groups of individuals. The presence of enormous amounts of reactive oxygen species is implicated for the on-set and carcinogenesis, and oxidant scavengers are thought to be important in CRC therapy. In this review, we focus on the ethnicity-based CRC disparities in the U.S., the negative effects of oxidative stress and apoptosis, and gene regulation in CRC carcinogenesis. We also highlight the use of antioxidants for CRC treatment, along with screening for certain regulatory genetic elements and oxidative stress indicators as potential biomarkers to determine the CRC risk and progression.
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Xing Y, Wang Z, Lu Z, Xia J, Xie Z, Jiao M, Liu R, Chu Y. MicroRNAs: immune modulators in cancer immunotherapy. IMMUNOTHERAPY ADVANCES 2021; 1:ltab006. [PMID: 35919742 PMCID: PMC9327120 DOI: 10.1093/immadv/ltab006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Summary
MicroRNA (miRNA) is a class of endogenous small non-coding RNA of 18–25 nucleotides and plays regulatory roles in both physiological and pathological processes. Emerging evidence support that miRNAs function as immune modulators in tumors. MiRNAs as tumor suppressors or oncogenes are also found to be able to modulate anti-tumor immunity or link the crosstalk between tumor cells and immune cells surrounding. Based on the specific regulating function, miRNAs can be used as predictive, prognostic biomarkers, and therapeutic targets in immunotherapy. Here, we review new findings about the role of miRNAs in modulating immune responses, as well as discuss mechanisms underlying their dysregulation, and their clinical potentials as indicators of tumor prognosis or to sensitize cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Xing
- Shanghai Fifth People’s Hospital and Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Zhiqiang Wang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Zhou Lu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Fudan University, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Jie Xia
- Shanghai Fifth People’s Hospital and Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Zhangjuan Xie
- Shanghai Fifth People’s Hospital and Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Mengxia Jiao
- Shanghai Fifth People’s Hospital and Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Ronghua Liu
- Shanghai Fifth People’s Hospital and Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Yiwei Chu
- Shanghai Fifth People’s Hospital and Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
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Fudalej MM, Badowska-Kozakiewicz AM. Improved understanding of gastrointestinal stromal tumors biology as a step for developing new diagnostic and therapeutic schemes. Oncol Lett 2021; 21:417. [PMID: 33841578 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.12678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) is the most common mesenchymal tumor of the human gastrointestinal tract, with an estimated incidence of 10-15 per 1 million per year. While preparing holistic care for patients with GIST diagnosis, scientists might face several difficulties - insufficient risk stratification, acquired or secondary resistance to imatinib, or the need for an exceptional therapy method associated with wild-type tumors. This review summarizes recent advances associated with GIST biology that might enhance diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. New molecules might be incorporated into risk stratification schemes due to their proven association with outcomes; however, further research is required. Therapies based on the significant role of angiogenesis, immunology, and neural origin in the GIST biology could become a valuable enhancement of currently implemented treatment schemes. Generating miRNA networks that would predict miRNA regulatory functions is a promising approach that might help in better selection of potential biomarkers and therapeutical targets in cancer, including GISTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Magdalena Fudalej
- Department of Cancer Prevention, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland.,Doctoral School, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland
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Wang Q, Wang G, Xu X, Chen Z. miR-760 mediated the proliferation and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma cells by regulating HMGA2. Pathol Res Pract 2021; 222:153420. [PMID: 33887625 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2021.153420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of our study was to investigate the roles of miR-760 and its potential mechanisms in HCC. METHODS The functions of miR-760 were identified and measured by MTT, colony formation, transwell, and flow cytometry assays. Luciferase assay was applied to verify the direct binding of miR-760 on HMGA2 3'untranslated region (3'UTR). Then, in vitro experiment was used to investigate the biological effects of miR-760 and HMGA2. Luciferase and ChIP assays were used to detect the validity of SP1 binding sites on the miR-760 promoter. RESULTS We demonstrated that miR-760 overexpression suppressed cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in HCC. Besides, HMGA2 was demonstrated as a direct target gene of miR-760. Furthermore, we found that methylation may result in the downregulation of miR-760, and SP1 could inhibit the transcription of miR-760. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrated that SP1/miR-760/HMGA2 may serve as a molecular regulatory axis for HCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quhui Wang
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, China
| | - Gang Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital Affiliated With Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430000, China
| | - Xiaodong Xu
- Department of General Surgery, The 4th Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Yancheng, 224000, China
| | - Zhong Chen
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, China; Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China.
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Voss G, Haflidadóttir BS, Järemo H, Persson M, Catela Ivkovic T, Wikström P, Ceder Y. Regulation of cell-cell adhesion in prostate cancer cells by microRNA-96 through upregulation of E-Cadherin and EpCAM. Carcinogenesis 2021; 41:865-874. [PMID: 31738404 PMCID: PMC7359773 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgz191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Revised: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer is one of the most common cancers in men, yet the biology behind lethal disease progression and bone metastasis is poorly understood. In this study, we found elevated levels of microRNA-96 (miR-96) in prostate cancer bone metastasis samples. To determine the molecular mechanisms by which miR-96 deregulation contributes to metastatic progression, we performed an Argonaute2-immunoprecipitation assay, in which mRNAs associated with cell–cell interaction were enriched. The expression of two cell adhesion molecules, E-Cadherin and EpCAM, was upregulated by miR-96, and potential targets sites were identified in the coding sequences of their mRNAs. We further showed that miR-96 enhanced cell–cell adhesion between prostate cancer cells as well as their ability to bind to osteoblasts. Our findings suggest that increased levels of miR-96 give prostate cancer cells an advantage at forming metastases in the bone microenvironment due to increased cell–cell interaction. We propose that miR-96 promotes bone metastasis in prostate cancer patients by facilitating the outgrowth of macroscopic tumours in the bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gjendine Voss
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | | | - Helena Järemo
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | | | - Tina Catela Ivkovic
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruder Boskovic Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Yvonne Ceder
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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Della Rosa G, Di Corato R, Carpi S, Polini B, Taurino A, Tedeschi L, Nieri P, Rinaldi R, Aloisi A. Tailoring of silica-based nanoporous pod by spermidine multi-activity. Sci Rep 2020; 10:21142. [PMID: 33273530 PMCID: PMC7712788 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-77957-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Ubiquitous in nature, polyamines (PAs) are a class of low-molecular aliphatic amines critically involved in cell growth, survival and differentiation. The polycation behavior is validated as a successful strategy in delivery systems to enhance oligonucleotide loading and cellular uptake. In this study, the chemical features and the functional roles of the PA spermidine are synergistically exploited in the synthesis and bioactive functionalization of SiO2-based structures. Inspired by biosilicification, the role of spermidine is assessed both as catalyst and template in a biomimetic one-pot synthesis of dense silica-based particles (SPs) and as a competitive agent in an interfacial reassembly strategy, to empty out SPs and generate spermidine-decorated hollow silica nanoporous pods (spd-SNPs). Spermidine bioactivity is then employed for targeting tumor cell over-expressed polyamine transport system (PTS) and for effective delivery of functional miRNA into melanoma cells. Spermidine decoration promotes spd-SNP cell internalization mediated by PTS and along with hollow structure enhances oligonucleotide loading. Accordingly, the functional delivery of the tumor suppressor miR-34a 3p resulted in intracellular accumulation of histone-complexed DNA fragments associated with apoptosis. Overall, the results highlight the potential of spd-SNP as a multi-agent anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Della Rosa
- Mathematics and Physics "E. De Giorgi" Department, University of Salento, Via Arnesano, 73100, Lecce, Italy
- Department of Neuroscience and Brain Technologies (NBT), Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Via Morego, 16163, Genova, Italy
| | - Riccardo Di Corato
- Mathematics and Physics "E. De Giorgi" Department, University of Salento, Via Arnesano, 73100, Lecce, Italy
- Center for Biomolecular Nanotechnologies (CBN), Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Via Barsanti, Arnesano, 73010, Lecce, Italy
- Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems (IMM), CNR, Via Monteroni, 73100, Lecce, Italy
| | - Sara Carpi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno Pisano, 56126, Pisa, Italy
- Centro Interdipartimentale di Farmacologia Marina, MARine PHARMA Center, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno Pisano, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Beatrice Polini
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno Pisano, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Antonietta Taurino
- Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems (IMM), CNR, Via Monteroni, 73100, Lecce, Italy
| | - Lorena Tedeschi
- Oligonucleotides Laboratory, Institute of Clinical Physiology (IFC), CNR, Via Moruzzi, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Paola Nieri
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno Pisano, 56126, Pisa, Italy
- Centro Interdipartimentale di Farmacologia Marina, MARine PHARMA Center, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno Pisano, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Rosaria Rinaldi
- Mathematics and Physics "E. De Giorgi" Department, University of Salento, Via Arnesano, 73100, Lecce, Italy
- Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems (IMM), CNR, Via Monteroni, 73100, Lecce, Italy
- ISUFI, University of Salento, Via Monteroni, 73100, Lecce, Italy
| | - Alessandra Aloisi
- Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems (IMM), CNR, Via Monteroni, 73100, Lecce, Italy.
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Khomtchouk BB, Tran DT, Vand KA, Might M, Gozani O, Assimes TL. Cardioinformatics: the nexus of bioinformatics and precision cardiology. Brief Bioinform 2020; 21:2031-2051. [PMID: 31802103 PMCID: PMC7947182 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbz119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Revised: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death worldwide, causing over 17 million deaths per year, which outpaces global cancer mortality rates. Despite these sobering statistics, most bioinformatics and computational biology research and funding to date has been concentrated predominantly on cancer research, with a relatively modest footprint in CVD. In this paper, we review the existing literary landscape and critically assess the unmet need to further develop an emerging field at the multidisciplinary interface of bioinformatics and precision cardiovascular medicine, which we refer to as 'cardioinformatics'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bohdan B Khomtchouk
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Section of Computational Biomedicine and Biomedical Data Science, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Diem-Trang Tran
- School of Computing, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | | | - Matthew Might
- Hugh Kaul Personalized Medicine Institute, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Or Gozani
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Themistocles L Assimes
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA
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42
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Marques D, Ferreira-Costa LR, Ferreira-Costa LL, Bezerra-Oliveira AB, Correa RDS, Ramos CCDO, Vinasco-Sandoval T, Lopes KDP, Vialle RA, Vidal AF, Silbiger VN, Ribeiro-dos-Santos Â. Role of miRNAs in Sigmoid Colon Cancer: A Search for Potential Biomarkers. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12113311. [PMID: 33182525 PMCID: PMC7697997 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12113311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 09/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The aberrant expression of microRNAs in known to play a crucial role in carcinogenesis. Here, we evaluated the miRNA expression profile of sigmoid colon cancer (SCC) compared to adjacent-to-tumor (ADJ) and sigmoid colon healthy (SCH) tissues obtained from colon biopsy extracted from Brazilian patients. Comparisons were performed between each group separately, considering as significant p-values < 0.05 and |Log2(Fold-Change)| > 2. We found 20 differentially expressed miRNAs (DEmiRNAs) in all comparisons, two of which were shared between SCC vs. ADJ and SCC vs. SCH. We used miRTarBase, and miRTargetLink to identify target-genes of the differentially expressed miRNAs, and DAVID and REACTOME databases for gene enrichment analysis. We also used TCGA and GTEx databases to build miRNA-gene regulatory networks and check for the reproducibility in our results. As findings, in addition to previously known miRNAs associated with colorectal cancer, we identified three potential novel biomarkers. We showed that the three types of colon tissue could be clearly distinguished using a panel composed by the 20 DEmiRNAs. Additionally, we found enriched pathways related to the carcinogenic process in which miRNA could be involved, indicating that adjacent-to-tumor tissues may be already altered and cannot be considered as healthy tissues. Overall, we expect that these findings may help in the search for biomarkers to prevent cancer progression or, at least, allow its early detection, however, more studies are needed to confirm our results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Marques
- Laboratório de Genética Humana e Médica, Universidade Federal do Pará, Av. Augusto Corrêa, 01, Guamá, Belém 66.075-110, Brazil; (D.M.); (T.V.-S.); (K.d.P.L.); (R.A.V.); (A.F.V.)
- Laboratório de Bioanálise e Biotecnologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Av. Nilo Peçanha, 620, Petrópolis, Natal 59012-300, Brazil; (L.R.F.-C.); (L.L.F.-C.); (A.B.B.-O.)
| | - Layse Raynara Ferreira-Costa
- Laboratório de Bioanálise e Biotecnologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Av. Nilo Peçanha, 620, Petrópolis, Natal 59012-300, Brazil; (L.R.F.-C.); (L.L.F.-C.); (A.B.B.-O.)
| | - Lorenna Larissa Ferreira-Costa
- Laboratório de Bioanálise e Biotecnologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Av. Nilo Peçanha, 620, Petrópolis, Natal 59012-300, Brazil; (L.R.F.-C.); (L.L.F.-C.); (A.B.B.-O.)
| | - Ana Beatriz Bezerra-Oliveira
- Laboratório de Bioanálise e Biotecnologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Av. Nilo Peçanha, 620, Petrópolis, Natal 59012-300, Brazil; (L.R.F.-C.); (L.L.F.-C.); (A.B.B.-O.)
| | - Romualdo da Silva Correa
- Departamento de Cirurgia Oncológica, Liga Norte Riograndense Contra o Câncer, R. Mário Negócio, 2267, Quintas, Natal 59040-000, Brazil;
| | - Carlos Cesar de Oliveira Ramos
- Laboratório de Patologia e Citopatologia, Liga Norte Riograndense Contra o Câncer, R. Mário Negócio, 2267, Quintas, Natal 59040-000, Brazil;
| | - Tatiana Vinasco-Sandoval
- Laboratório de Genética Humana e Médica, Universidade Federal do Pará, Av. Augusto Corrêa, 01, Guamá, Belém 66.075-110, Brazil; (D.M.); (T.V.-S.); (K.d.P.L.); (R.A.V.); (A.F.V.)
| | - Katia de Paiva Lopes
- Laboratório de Genética Humana e Médica, Universidade Federal do Pará, Av. Augusto Corrêa, 01, Guamá, Belém 66.075-110, Brazil; (D.M.); (T.V.-S.); (K.d.P.L.); (R.A.V.); (A.F.V.)
| | - Ricardo Assunção Vialle
- Laboratório de Genética Humana e Médica, Universidade Federal do Pará, Av. Augusto Corrêa, 01, Guamá, Belém 66.075-110, Brazil; (D.M.); (T.V.-S.); (K.d.P.L.); (R.A.V.); (A.F.V.)
| | - Amanda Ferreira Vidal
- Laboratório de Genética Humana e Médica, Universidade Federal do Pará, Av. Augusto Corrêa, 01, Guamá, Belém 66.075-110, Brazil; (D.M.); (T.V.-S.); (K.d.P.L.); (R.A.V.); (A.F.V.)
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Pará, Av. Augusto Corrêa, 01, Guamá, Belém 66.075-110, Brazil
| | - Vivian Nogueira Silbiger
- Laboratório de Bioanálise e Biotecnologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Av. Nilo Peçanha, 620, Petrópolis, Natal 59012-300, Brazil; (L.R.F.-C.); (L.L.F.-C.); (A.B.B.-O.)
- Correspondence: (V.N.S.); (Â.R.-d.-S.)
| | - Ândrea Ribeiro-dos-Santos
- Laboratório de Genética Humana e Médica, Universidade Federal do Pará, Av. Augusto Corrêa, 01, Guamá, Belém 66.075-110, Brazil; (D.M.); (T.V.-S.); (K.d.P.L.); (R.A.V.); (A.F.V.)
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Pará, Av. Augusto Corrêa, 01, Guamá, Belém 66.075-110, Brazil
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Oncologia, Universidade Federal do Pará, R. dos Mundurucus, 4487, Guamá, Belém 66073-000, Brazil
- Correspondence: (V.N.S.); (Â.R.-d.-S.)
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Zhu B, Chen W, Fu Y, Cui X, Jin L, Chao J, Yun X, Gao P, Shan S, Li J, Yin X, Zhu C, Qin X. MicroRNA-27a-3p Reverses Adriamycin Resistance by Targeting BTG2 and Activating PI3K/Akt Pathway in Breast Cancer Cells. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:6873-6884. [PMID: 32764979 PMCID: PMC7368588 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s256153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim This study aimed to explore the regulative mechanisms of miR-27a-3p in chemo-resistance of breast cancer cells. Materials and Methods qRT-PCR was employed to determine miR-27a-3p expression in two breast cancer cell lines, MCF-7 and MCF-7/adriamycin-resistant cell line (MCF-7/ADR). The two cell lines were treated with miR-27a-3p mimics or inhibitors or corresponding negative control (NC), respectively. The changes were investigated by qRT-PCR, CCK-8 assay, Western blot (WB), colony formation assay, and flow cytometry assay. Moreover, luciferase reporter assay was analyzed to verify the downstream target gene of miR-27a-3p. Further investigation in the correlation between miR-27a-3p and BTG2 was launched by WB, flow cytometry assay, and CCK-8 assay. The expression of Akt and p-Akt was detected by WB. Key Findings Significantly higher miR-27a-3p expression was confirmed in MCF-7/ADR as compared with sensitive cell line MCF-7 (P<0.05). The down-regulation of miR-27a-3p in MCF-7/ADR enhanced the sensitivity of cancer cells to adriamycin treatment, decreased multidrug resistance gene 1/P-glycoprotein (MDR1/P-gp) expression, enhanced the apoptosis-related proteins expression, increased adriamycin-induced apoptosis, and inhibited cell proliferation as compared to NC groups (P<0.05). The up-regulation of miR-27a-3p in MCF-7 showed the opposite results. BTG2 is identified as a direct target of miR-27a-3p and its down-regulation reversed ADR-resistance. BTG2 treatment exhibited inhibitory effect on PI3K/Akt pathway in MCF-7/ADR cells. Significance miR-27a-3p might be associated with resistance of breast cancer cells to adriamycin treatments, modulating cell proliferation and apoptosis by targeting BTG2 and promoting the PI3K/Akt pathway in breast cancer cells. miR-27a-3p/BTG2 axis might be a potential therapeutic target for clinical BC resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei Zhu
- Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, People's Republic of China.,Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Changzhou No.2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213000, People's Republic of China
| | - Weixian Chen
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Changzhou No.2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Fu
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Changzhou No.2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohan Cui
- Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Jin
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Changzhou No.2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiadeng Chao
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Changzhou No.2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Yun
- Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, People's Republic of China.,Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Changzhou No.2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213000, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Gao
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Changzhou No.2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213000, People's Republic of China.,Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116023, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiting Shan
- Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, People's Republic of China.,Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Changzhou No.2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Changzhou No.2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213000, People's Republic of China.,Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116023, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu Yin
- Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, People's Republic of China.,Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Changzhou No.2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213000, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunfu Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Changzhou No.2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xihu Qin
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Changzhou No.2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213000, People's Republic of China
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Downregulation of LUZP2 Is Correlated with Poor Prognosis of Low-Grade Glioma. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:9716720. [PMID: 32695826 PMCID: PMC7368956 DOI: 10.1155/2020/9716720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2019] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Background LUZP2 is a protein limitedly expressed in the brain and spinal cord, while there are few studies on it in brain tumors. Low-grade glioma (LGG) is one of the most common brain tumors. However, the biological behavior of LGG is not very clear at present. This study was aimed at exploring the role of LUZP2 in LGG. Methods By data mining in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA), the expression, clinical characteristics, and potential regulatory mechanism of LUZP2 in LGG were assessed. The regulatory miRNAs of LUZP2 were predicted using miRDB, TargetScan, and miRTarBase. Meanwhile, the potential biological function of coexpressed genes was investigated by GO and KEGG analyses. Results LUZP2 expression was downregulated with the increase of tumor grade (p < 0.05). Low LUZP2 expression independently predicted poor OS in LGG in TCGA cohort and the CGGA part B and part C cohorts (all p < 0.001). Additionally, LUZP2 was targeted by miR-142-5p according to 2 prediction databases and 1 validated database, which was negatively related to LUZP2 mRNA expression (p < 0.001). Kaplan-Meier analyses demonstrated that low miR-142-5p expression was significantly associated with poor OS (p < 0.001). Furthermore, coexpression genes of LUZP2 were significantly involved in nervous system development and metabolic pathways. Conclusions LUZP2 may be crucial for nervous system extracellular matrix development and serve as an important clinical biomarker for LGG patients. miR-142-5p upregulation could be the upstream regulator that contributed to LUZP2 downregulation.
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Biber G, Ben-Shmuel A, Sabag B, Barda-Saad M. Actin regulators in cancer progression and metastases: From structure and function to cytoskeletal dynamics. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2020; 356:131-196. [PMID: 33066873 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2020.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The cytoskeleton is a central factor contributing to various hallmarks of cancer. In recent years, there has been increasing evidence demonstrating the involvement of actin regulatory proteins in malignancy, and their dysregulation was shown to predict poor clinical prognosis. Although enhanced cytoskeletal activity is often associated with cancer progression, the expression of several inducers of actin polymerization is remarkably reduced in certain malignancies, and it is not completely clear how these changes promote tumorigenesis and metastases. The complexities involved in cytoskeletal induction of cancer progression therefore pose considerable difficulties for therapeutic intervention; it is not always clear which cytoskeletal regulator should be targeted in order to impede cancer progression, and whether this targeting may inadvertently enhance alternative invasive pathways which can aggravate tumor growth. The entire constellation of cytoskeletal machineries in eukaryotic cells are numerous and complex; the system is comprised of and regulated by hundreds of proteins, which could not be covered in a single review. Therefore, we will focus here on the actin cytoskeleton, which encompasses the biological machinery behind most of the key cellular functions altered in cancer, with specific emphasis on actin nucleating factors and nucleation-promoting factors. Finally, we discuss current therapeutic strategies for cancer which aim to target the cytoskeleton.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Biber
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - A Ben-Shmuel
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - B Sabag
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - M Barda-Saad
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel.
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Coordinated AR and microRNA regulation in prostate cancer. Asian J Urol 2020; 7:233-250. [PMID: 32742925 PMCID: PMC7385519 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajur.2020.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2019] [Revised: 03/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The androgen receptor (AR) remains a key driver of prostate cancer (PCa) progression, even in the advanced castrate-resistant stage, where testicular androgens are absent. It is therefore of critical importance to understand the molecular mechanisms governing its activity and regulation during prostate tumourigenesis. MicroRNAs (miRs) are small ∼22 nt non-coding RNAs that regulate target gene, often through association with 3′ untranslated regions (3′UTRs) of transcripts. They display dysregulation during cancer progression, can function as oncogenes or tumour suppressors, and are increasingly recognised as targets or regulators of hormonal action. Thus, understanding factors which modulate miRs synthesis is essential. There is increasing evidence for complex and dynamic bi-directional cross-talk between the multi-step miR biogenesis cascade and the AR signalling axis in PCa. This review summarises the wealth of mechanisms by which miRs are regulated by AR, and conversely, how miRs impact AR's transcriptional activity, including that of AR splice variants. In addition, we assess the implications of the convergence of these pathways on the clinical employment of miRs as PCa biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
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miR-199a-5p Exacerbated Intestinal Barrier Dysfunction through Inhibiting Surfactant Protein D and Activating NF- κB Pathway in Sepsis. Mediators Inflamm 2020; 2020:8275026. [PMID: 32508527 PMCID: PMC7251462 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8275026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a severe disease, which results from the excessive inflammatory response to the infection. Dysfunction of intestinal barrier is a crucial problem in various pathological conditions. Meanwhile, microRNAs exhibit significant roles in the modulation of many diseases, including sepsis. Multiple investigations indicate that miR-199a-5p participates in different human diseases. Nevertheless, little is known on the roles of miR-199a-5p in sepsis. Herein, we evaluated the mechanism of miR-199a-5p on the intestinal barrier dysfunction in sepsis. Intestinal mucosa permeability indicators including D-lactic acid, DAO, and FD-40 levels were determined, and they were greatly increased in sepsis. Then, we proved that miR-199a-5p was induced in sepsis mice tissues and isolated intestinal epithelial cells. Moreover, miR-199a-5p increased D-lactic acid, DAO, and FD-40 while inhibition of miR-199a-5p exhibited a reversed process. Additionally, we observed that miR-199a-5p affected the oxidative damage and inflammation in the intestine tissues from sepsis mice. The content of MDA was elevated whereas SOD was remarkably repressed in the miR-199a-5p mimic group. IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α were induced by miR-199a-5p overexpression while IL-10 was reduced by miR-199a-5p. Subsequently, surfactant protein D (SP-D) was predicted as the target of miR-199a-5p. The activation of NF-κB has been identified in sepsis. Herein, we demonstrated that inhibitor of miR-199a-5p contributed to IEC injury via targeting SP-D and inactivating the NF-κB pathway. These revealed miR-199a-5p exacerbated the intestinal barrier dysfunction via inhibiting SP-D and activating the NF-κB pathway in sepsis.
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Chen C, Tian A, Zhou H, Zhang X, Liu Z, Ma X. Upregulation of miR-211 Promotes Chondrosarcoma Development via Targeting Tumor Suppressor VHL. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:2935-2943. [PMID: 32308426 PMCID: PMC7147617 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s239887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction miR-211 has been demonstrated to be aberrantly expressed and plays a pivotal role in human cancers. However, its expression profiles and potential roles in chondrosarcoma development remain still elusive. This study aims to determine the clinical values and underlying roles of miR-211 in chondrosarcoma. Methods miR-211 expression was analyzed by qRT-PCR in chondrosarcoma specimens and the matched adjacent non-tumor tissues. The relationships among miR-211 expression, clinicopathological factors and overall survival were also evaluated. Cell viability, colony formation, migration and invasion were further investigated in chondrosarcoma cells. Potential target of miR-211 was predicted using bioinformatics to delineate the molecular mechanisms. Results miR-211 was remarkably increased in chondrosarcoma compared with the matched adjacent non-tumor tissues. High miR-211 level was identified as 66.7% in chondrosarcoma specimens, which were significantly associated with histological grade and MSTS stage. miR-211 had significant influences on the prognosis of chondrosarcoma patients. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that miR-211 was an independent prognostic factor for overall survival of chondrosarcoma patients. We also found that overexpression or inhibitor of miR-211 promotes or suppresses chondrosarcoma cell proliferation, migration and invasion, respectively. Mechanistically, miR-211 binds to the 3ʹ-UTR of Von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) and suppresses its expression, while restoration of VHL suppressed the potentiated function of miR-211 on proliferation and invasion of chondrosarcoma cells. Conclusion miR-211 is identified as a potent oncogenic function in chondrosarcoma development, which can serve as a novel biomarker to predict the survival of chondrosarcoma patients. miR-211 potentiates chondrosarcoma growth via targeting VHL, highlighting a novel attractive target for chondrosarcoma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changbao Chen
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin 300211, People's Republic of China
| | - Aixian Tian
- Department of Orthopedics Institute, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin 300211, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaolin Zhang
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin 300211, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongjun Liu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinlong Ma
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin 300211, People's Republic of China
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Shams R, Asadzadeh Aghdaei H, Behmanesh A, Sadeghi A, Zali M, Salari S, Padrón JM. MicroRNAs Targeting MYC Expression: Trace of Hope for Pancreatic Cancer Therapy. A Systematic Review. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:2393-2404. [PMID: 32308478 PMCID: PMC7132265 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s245872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the deadliest malignancies and a major health problem worldwide. There were no major advances in conventional treatments in inhibiting tumor progression and increasing patient survival time. In order to suppress mechanisms responsible for tumor cell development such as those with oncogenic roles, more advanced therapeutic strategies should be sought. One of the most important oncogenes of pancreatic cancer is the MYC gene. The overexpression of MYC can activate many tumorigenic processes such as cell proliferation and pancreatic cancer cell invasion. MiRNAs are important molecules that are confirmed by targeting mRNA transcripts to regulate the expression of the MYC gene. Therefore, restoring MYC-repressing miRNAs expression tends to be an effective method of treating MYC-driven cancers. Objective The purpose of this study was to identify all validated microRNAs targeting C-MYC expression to inhibit PDAC progression by conducting a systematic review. Methods In this systematic review study, the papers published between 2000 and 2020 in major online scientific databases including PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science were screened, following inclusion and exclusion criteria. We extracted all the experimental studies that showed miRNAs could target the expression of the MYC gene in PDAC. Results Eight papers were selected from a total of 89 papers. We found that six miRNAs (Let-7a, miR-145, miR-34a, miR-375, miR-494, and miR-148a) among the selected studies were validated for targeting MYC gene and three of them confirmed Let-7a as a direct MYC expression regulator in PC cells. Finally, we summarized the latest shreds of evidence of experimentally validated miRNAs targeting the MYC gene with respect to PDAC’s therapeutic potential. Conclusion Restoring the expression of MYC-repressing miRNAs tends to be an effective way to treat MYC-driven cancers such as PDAC. Several miRNAs have been proposed to target this oncogene via bioinformatics tools, but only a few have been experimentally validated for pancreatic cancer cells and models. Further studies should be conducted to find the interaction network of miRNA-MYC to develop more successful therapeutic strategies for PC, using the synergistic effects of these miRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roshanak Shams
- Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Asadzadeh Aghdaei
- Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Behmanesh
- Student Research Committee, School of Health Management and Information Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Sadeghi
- Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammadareza Zali
- Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sina Salari
- Taleghani Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - José M Padrón
- BioLab, Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica "Antonio González" (IUBO-AG), Universidad de la Laguna, La Laguna, Spain
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Li DF, Yuan Y, Tu MJ, Hu X, Li YZ, Yi WR, Li PC, Zhao Y, Cheng Z, Yu AM, Jian C, Yu AX. The Optimal Outcome of Suppressing Ewing Sarcoma Growth in vivo With Biocompatible Bioengineered miR-34a-5p Prodrug. Front Oncol 2020; 10:222. [PMID: 32161722 PMCID: PMC7052494 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Being the second most common type of primary bone malignancy in children and adolescents, Ewing Sarcoma (ES) encounters the dilemma of low survival rate with a lack of effective treatments. As an emerging approach to combat cancer, RNA therapeutics may expand the range of druggable targets. Since the genome-derived oncolytic microRNA-34a (miR-34a) is down-regulated in ES, restoration of miR-34a-5p expression or function represents a new therapeutic strategy which is, however, limited to the use of chemically-engineered miRNA mimics. Very recently we have developed a novel bioengineering technology using a stable non-coding RNA carrier (nCAR) to achieve high-yield production of biocompatible miRNA prodrugs, which is a great addition to current tools for the assessment of RNA therapeutics. Herein, for the first time, we investigated the biochemical pharmacology of bioengineered miR-34a-5p prodrug (nCAR/miR-34a-5p) in the control of ES using human ES cells and xenograft mouse models. The bioengineered nCAR/miR-34a-5p was precisely processed to mature miR-34a-5p in ES cells and subsequently suppressed cell proliferation, attributable to the enhancement of apoptosis and induction of G2 cell cycle arrest through downregulation of SIRT-1, BCL-2 and CDK6 protein levels. Furthermore, systemic administration of nCAR/miR-34a-5p dramatically suppressed the ES xenograft tumor growth in vivo while showing biocompatibility. In addition, the antitumor effect of bioengineered nCAR/miR-34a-5p was associated with a lower degree of tumoral cell proliferation and greater extent of apoptosis. These findings demonstrate the efficacy of bioengineered miR-34a-5p prodrug for the treatment of ES and support the development of miRNA therapeutics using biocompatible bioengineered miRNA prodrugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dai-Feng Li
- Department of Orthopedics Trauma and Microsurgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Bio-X Program, Department of Radiology, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Ying Yuan
- Department of Orthopedics Trauma and Microsurgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Mei-Juan Tu
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, UC Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, United States
| | - Xiang Hu
- Department of Orthopedics Trauma and Microsurgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yi-Zhou Li
- Department of Orthopedics Trauma and Microsurgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wan-Rong Yi
- Department of Orthopedics Trauma and Microsurgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Peng-Cheng Li
- Department of Orthopedics Trauma and Microsurgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yong Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics Trauma and Microsurgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhen Cheng
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Bio-X Program, Department of Radiology, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Ai-Ming Yu
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, UC Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, United States
| | - Chao Jian
- Department of Orthopedics Trauma and Microsurgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ai-Xi Yu
- Department of Orthopedics Trauma and Microsurgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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