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Zhang Y, Liu J, Xu S, Luo M, Yang S, Yu S. Structural characterization of Aspalatus linearis polysaccharide and its improving effect on acute alcoholic liver injury. J Food Sci 2024. [PMID: 38809252 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.17055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Polysaccharides from natural sources can regulate the composition of intestinal flora through the "gut-liver axis" pathway, potentially ameliorating alcoholic liver injury. Aspalathus linearis, also known as rooibos, is one such natural product that has shown promise in this regard. This study looked at the structural properties of A. linearis polysaccharide (ALP) and how well it would work to treat acute alcoholic liver impairment. This study looks at the composition of monosaccharides, functional groups, and molecular weight (Mw) of a newly discovered water-soluble polysaccharide, named ALP. The polysaccharide is composed of pyranose rings, amide groups, and sulfate groups linked by β-glycosidic linkage. It has a relative Mw of 4.30 × 103 kDa and is composed of glucose, rhamnose, and some other monosaccharides. The study found that treating mice with the model of acute alcoholic liver disease with ALP could alleviate pathological symptoms, inhibit the release of inflammatory cytokines, and suppress indicators of oxidative stress. Experiments have shown that different doses of ALP can activate the P4502E1/Keap1-Nrf2-HO-1 signaling pathway. The regulation of inflammatory factors and downstream antioxidant enzymes occurs as a result. Based on these data, it is likely that ALP protects the liver via the "gut-liver axis" pathway by reducing oxidative stress-related damage, inflammation, and alcohol-related alterations to the gut microbiome. The results indicate that ALP mitigates injury caused by oxidative stress, inflammatory responses, and changes in the gut microbiota induced by alcohol through the "gut-liver axis" pathway, which provides protection to the liver. This provides preliminary evidence for the development of related drugs. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Researchers extracted a polysaccharide from fresh leaves of Auricularia auricula. The polysaccharide was purified and determined to have a predominantly homogeneous molecular weight. An acute alcoholic liver damage mouse model was established, and it was concluded that the polysaccharide could ameliorate liver injury in mice through the "gut-liver axis" pathway. This novel polysaccharide can be used as an additive to develop functional foods with beneficial effects, which can positively impact the daily maintenance of consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Jia Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Shan Xu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Manhong Luo
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Shuhan Yang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Siyu Yu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, P. R. China
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2
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Liang L, Lin L, Zhao M. Exploration of green preparation strategy for Lycium barbarum polysaccharide targeting Bacteroides proliferative and immune-enhancing activities and its potential use in geriatric foods. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 267:131316. [PMID: 38574908 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Lycium barbarum polysaccharide (LBP) is beneficial for elderly people, but its use is limited in geriatric foods due to the lack of comprehensive information on its preparation strategy and physical property. In this study, the low-ester rhamnogalacturonan-I (RG-I) type pectic polysaccharide-protein complexes with varying physicochemical properties, structural characteristics, proliferative activities on Bacteroides, and immune-enhancing activities on RAW 264.7 cells, were obtained by moderate-temperature acid extraction within adjustment of enzymatic and physical pretreatments. LBP prepared by moderate-temperature acid extraction, namely S1-A, showed the strongest immune-enhancing activity via increasing the phagocytosis capacity and NO release of RAW 264.7 cells by 23 % and 76 %, respectively. S1-A exhibited relatively high viscosity and calcium ion response characteristic with the application potential for thickened liquid foods for the elderly with dysphagia. LBP prepared by composite cellulase and pectinase pretreatment combined with moderate-temperature acid extraction, namely S1-M1, showed the strongest Bacteroides proliferative activity that was equivalent to 0.60-0.97 times of that of inulin. S1-M1 exhibited extremely low viscosity and strong tolerance to food nutrients with high processing applicability for fluid foods. This study provided crucial data for the preparation and application of LBP targeting gut microbiota disorders and immunosenescence for the development of geriatric foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisi Liang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China; Guangdong Food Green Processing and Nutrition Regulation Technologies Research Center, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Lianzhu Lin
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China; Guangdong Food Green Processing and Nutrition Regulation Technologies Research Center, Guangzhou 510641, China.
| | - Mouming Zhao
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China; Guangdong Food Green Processing and Nutrition Regulation Technologies Research Center, Guangzhou 510641, China
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3
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Liu Y, Zhao Y, Chen H, Wang W, Zou M. Isolation, purification, and biological activities of polysaccharides from Amorpha fruticosa flowers. Nat Prod Res 2024:1-8. [PMID: 38684011 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2024.2346272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
The extraction, isolation, structural characterisation and biological activities of polysaccharides from Amorpha fruticosa flowers were investigated. First, the crude polysaccharide AFP was extracted, and two major purified polysaccharide fractions AFP-2 and AFP-3 were isolated. The molecular weight and monosaccharide compositions of AFP-2 and AFP-3 were determined. Then the antioxidant activities of AFP, AFP-2 and AFP-3 were assessed by DPPH radical, β-Carotene bleaching and hydroxyl radical assays. All three tested polysaccharides showed good antioxidant activity while AFP was the strongest one. The study also showed that AFP, AFP-2 and AFP-3 have good tyrosinase inhibition, moisture absorption and retention activities. The results will provide a helpful reference for the application of polysaccharide from Amorpha fruticosa flowers as a natural cosmetic ingredient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixian Liu
- Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ying Zhao
- Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Huiping Chen
- Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Weidong Wang
- Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Min Zou
- Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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4
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Li J, Li P, Zhang B, Fang J, Zhong W, Ma F. Effect of free radicals on rheological properties, antioxidant activity, and molecular conformation of chitosan under solution pulsed plasma process based on radical scavengers. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 262:130260. [PMID: 38368984 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Radical scavengers were employed to evaluate the influence of various active species (•OH, •O, and H2O2) on the rheological properties, antioxidant activity, and molecular conformation of chitosan under solution plasma process (SPP) degradation. ESR analysis showed that •OH and •O radicals played important roles in SPP degradation. The results of rheological properties and antioxidant activity indicated that the •OH scavenger (tert-butanol), •O scavenger (1, 4-benzoquinone), and H2O2 scavenger (MnO2) remarkably inhibited the decrease of G' and G" of the degraded chitosan, the formation of gel structure, and the increase of antioxidant activity. The analysis of molecular conformation of the chitosan by particle size analysis, atomic force microscopy (AFM), and high performance size exclusion chromatography coupled with multi-angle laser light scattering (HPSEC-MALLS) revealed that the decrease of particle size, molecular aggregation, and molecular weight of chitosan was inhibited after the addition of radical scavengers. An evident effect of radical scavengers on the hard sphere conformation of chitosan was observed. It was found that the above effects were strongly dependent on the scavenger concentration. These results proved that •OH, •O, and H2O2 played important roles in SPP treatment. For the rheological properties and molecular conformation, H2O2 exhibited the greatest impact. For the antioxidant activity and molecular weight, •OH presented the biggest influence. Besides, •O expressed the weakest effect. This study will be beneficial to reveal the action mechanisms of SPP technology to the degradation of chitosan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinfeng Li
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Pu Li
- College of art design and architecture, Liaoning University of Technology, Jinzhou 121001, China
| | - Baiqing Zhang
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Jun Fang
- Tianjin Agricultural Development Service Center, Tianjin 300202, China
| | - Weitian Zhong
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Fengming Ma
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China; Chongqing Research Institute of HIT, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China.
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Liu L, Zhao Y, Huang Z, Long Z, Qin H, Lin H, Zhou S, Kong L, Ma J, Li Z. Effects of Lycium barbarum polysaccharides supplemented to high soybean meal diet on immunity and hepatic health of spotted sea bass Lateolabrax maculatus. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1333469. [PMID: 38380326 PMCID: PMC10876890 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1333469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
High soybean meal diet (HSBMD) decreased the immunity and damaged the liver health of spotted sea bass; in this study, Lycium barbarum polysaccharides (LBP) was added to HSBMD to explore its effects on the immunity and liver health. The diet with 44% fish meal content was designed as a blank control. On this basis, soybean meal was used to replace 50% fish meal as HSBMD, and LBP was added in HSBMD in gradient (1.0, 1.5, 2.0 g/kg) as the experimental diet. 225-tailed spotted sea bass with initial body weight of 44.52 ± 0.24 g were randomly divided into 5 groups and fed the corresponding diet for 52 days, respectively. The results show that: after ingestion of HSBMD, the immunity of spotted sea bass decreased slightly and hepatic tissue was severely damaged. And the addition of LBP significantly improved the immune capacity and protected the hepatic health. Specifically, the activities of serum lysozyme (LZM), immunoglobulin M (IgM), liver acid phosphatase (ACP) and alkaline phosphatase (AKP) were increased, and serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activities were significantly decreased, and hepatic morphology was improved. In the analysis of transcriptome results, it was found that toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) and toll-like receptor 5 (TLR5) were down-regulated in toll-like receptor signaling pathway. And LBP may protect hepatic health by regulating Glycolysis/Gluconeogenesis, Insulin signaling pathway, Steroid biosynthesis and other glucolipid-related pathways. In conclusion, the addition of LBP in HSBMD can improve the immunity and protect the hepatic health of spotted sea bass, and its mechanism may be related to glucose and lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longhui Liu
- Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources and Eco-environment, Xiamen, China
| | - Yanbo Zhao
- Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources and Eco-environment, Xiamen, China
| | - Zhangfan Huang
- Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources and Eco-environment, Xiamen, China
| | - Zhongying Long
- Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources and Eco-environment, Xiamen, China
| | - Huihui Qin
- Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources and Eco-environment, Xiamen, China
| | - Hao Lin
- Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources and Eco-environment, Xiamen, China
| | - Sishun Zhou
- Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources and Eco-environment, Xiamen, China
| | - Lumin Kong
- Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources and Eco-environment, Xiamen, China
| | - Jianrong Ma
- Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources and Eco-environment, Xiamen, China
| | - Zhongbao Li
- Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources and Eco-environment, Xiamen, China
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Kang L, Li Q, Jing Y, Ren F, Li E, Zeng X, Xu Y, Wang D, Wang Q, Sun G, Wei L, Diao Y. Auricularia auricula Anionic Polysaccharide Nanoparticles for Gastrointestinal Delivery of Pinus koraiensis Polyphenol Used in Bone Protection under Weightlessness. Molecules 2024; 29:245. [PMID: 38202827 PMCID: PMC10780251 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29010245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Auricularia auricula polysaccharides used in Pinus koraiensis polyphenol encapsulation and delivery under weightlessness are rarely reported. In this study, an anionic polysaccharide fragment named AAP Iα with a molecular weight of 133.304 kDa was isolated and purified to construct a polyphenol encapsulation system. Nanoparticles named NPs-PP loaded with a rough surface for Pinus koraiensis polyphenol (PP) delivery were fabricated by AAP Iα and ε-poly-L-lysine (ε-PL). SEM and the DLS tracking method were used to observe continuous changes in AAP Iα, ε-PL and PP on the nanoparticles' rough surface assembly, as well as the dispersion and stability. Hydrophilic, monodisperse and highly negative charged nanoparticles can be formed at AAP Iα 0.8 mg/mL, ε-PL 20 μg/mL and PP 80 μg/mL. FT-IR was used to determine their electrostatic interactions. Release kinetic studies showed that nanoparticles had an ideal gastrointestinal delivery effect. NPs-PP loaded were assembled through electrostatic interactions between polyelectrolytes after hydrogen bonding formation in PP-AAP Iα and PP-ε-PL, respectively. Colon adhesion properties and PP delivery in vivo of nanoparticles showed that NPs-PP loaded had high adhesion efficiency to the colonic mucosa under simulated microgravity and could enhance PP bioavailability. These results suggest that AAP Iα can be used in PP encapsulation and delivery under microgravity in astronaut food additives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Kang
- College of Life Science, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637009, China (Y.J.); (F.R.)
| | - Qiao Li
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150000, China (E.L.)
| | - Yonghui Jing
- College of Life Science, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637009, China (Y.J.); (F.R.)
| | - Feiyan Ren
- College of Life Science, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637009, China (Y.J.); (F.R.)
| | - Erzhuo Li
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150000, China (E.L.)
| | - Xiangyin Zeng
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150000, China (E.L.)
| | - Yier Xu
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150000, China (E.L.)
| | - Dongwei Wang
- College of Life Science, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637009, China (Y.J.); (F.R.)
| | - Qiang Wang
- College of Life Science, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637009, China (Y.J.); (F.R.)
| | - Guicai Sun
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, China
| | - Lijun Wei
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150000, China (E.L.)
| | - Yan Diao
- College of Life Science, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637009, China (Y.J.); (F.R.)
- Collaboration Innovation Center for Tissue Repair Material Engineering Technology, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637002, China
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Liang X, Liu M, Wei Y, Tong L, Guo S, Kang H, Zhang W, Yu Z, Zhang F, Duan JA. Structural characteristics and structure-activity relationship of four polysaccharides from Lycii fructus. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:127256. [PMID: 37802446 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
At present, the structure-activity relationship of polysaccharides is a common and important focus in the fields of glycobiology and carbohydrate chemistry. To better understand the effect of specific polysaccharide structures on bioactive orientation, four homogeneous polysaccharides from Lycii fructus, one neutral along with three acidic polysaccharides, were purified, structurally characterized and comparatively evaluated on the antioxidative and anti-aging activities. The GC-MS-based monosaccharide composition analysis and methylation results showed that the LFPs had similar glycosyl types but varied proportions. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy showed that LFPs consisted of arabinogalactan, rhamnogalacturonan and homogalacturonan structural domains. The results of the structure-activity relationship indicated that the antioxidative activity was positively correlated with the galacturonic acid (GalA) content, while the neutral multi-branched chains might be responsible for the anti-aging activity. This study is the first time to compare the principal structures and multiple biological activities of LFPs, which provided a reference for the industrial development and deep excavation of the health value of LFPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Liang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Mengqiu Liu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Yan Wei
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Limei Tong
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Sheng Guo
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Hongjie Kang
- Ningxia Innovation Center of Goji R & D, Yinchuan 750002, PR China
| | - Wenhua Zhang
- Bairuiyuan Gouqi Co., Ltd., Yinchuan 750200, PR China
| | - Zhexiong Yu
- Tianren Ningxia Wolfberry Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Zhongning 755100, PR China
| | - Fang Zhang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
| | - Jin-Ao Duan
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
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Ju XY, Gan S, Yang KX, Xu QB, Dai WW, Yangchen YT, Zhang J, Wang YN, Li RP, Yuan B. Characterization of a Novel Polysaccharide Derived from Rhizospheric Paecilomyces vaniformisi and Its Mechanism for Enhancing Salinity Resistance in Rice Seedlings. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:20585-20601. [PMID: 38101321 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c05430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Soil salinity is an important limiting factor in agricultural production. Rhizospheric fungi can potentially enhance crop salinity tolerance, but the precise role of signaling substances is still to be systematically elucidated. A rhizospheric fungus identified as Paecilomyces vaniformisi was found to enhance the salinity tolerance of rice seedlings. In this study, a novel polysaccharide (PPL2b) was isolated from P. vaniformisi and identified as consisting of Manp, Glcp, GalpA, and Galp. In a further study, PPL2b showed significant activity in alleviating salinity stress-induced growth inhibition in rice seedlings. The results indicated that under salinity stress, PPL2b enhances seed germination, plant growth (height and biomass), and biochemical parameters (soluble sugar and protein contents). Additionally, PPL2b regulates genes such as SOS1 and SKOR to decrease K+ efflux and increase Na+ efflux. PPL2b increased the expression and activity of genes related to antioxidant enzymes and nonenzyme substances in salinity-induced oxidative stress. Further study indicated that PPL2b plays a crucial role in regulating osmotic substances, such as proline and betaine, in maintaining the osmotic balance. It also modulates plant hormones to promote rice seedling growth and enhance their tolerance to soil salinity. The variables interacted and were divided into two groups (PC1 77.39% and PC2 18.77%) based on their relative values. Therefore, these findings indicate that PPL2b from P. vaniformisi can alleviate the inhibitory effects of salinity stress on root development, osmotic adjustment, ion balance, oxidative stress balance, and growth of rice seedlings. Furthermore, it suggests that polysaccharides produced by rhizospheric fungi could be utilized to enhance crop tolerance to salinity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu-Yun Ju
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Shu Gan
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Ke-Xin Yang
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Quan-Bin Xu
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Wei-Wei Dai
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | | | - Jie Zhang
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Yue-Nan Wang
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Rong-Peng Li
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Bo Yuan
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China
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Qiang X, Xia T, Geng B, Zhao M, Li X, Zheng Y, Wang M. Bioactive Components of Lycium barbarum and Deep-Processing Fermentation Products. Molecules 2023; 28:8044. [PMID: 38138534 PMCID: PMC10745962 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28248044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Lycium barbarum, a homology of medicine and food, contains many active ingredients including polysaccharides, polyphenol, betaine, and carotenoids, which has health benefits and economic value. The bioactive components in Lycium barbarum exhibit the effects of antioxidation, immune regulation, hypoglycemic effects, and vision improvement. Recently, the development of nutrition and health products of Lycium barbarum has been paid more and more attention with the increase in health awareness. A variety of nutrients and bioactive components in wolfberry can be retained or increased using modern fermentation technology. Through fermentation, the products have better flavor and health function, which better meet the needs of market diversification. The main products related to wolfberry fermentation include wolfberry fruit wine, wolfberry fruit vinegar, and lactic acid fermented beverage. In this review, the mainly bioactive components of Lycium barbarum and its deep-processing products of fermentation were summarized and compared. It will provide reference for the research and development of fermented and healthy products of Lycium barbarum.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ting Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; (X.Q.); (B.G.); (M.Z.); (X.L.); (Y.Z.)
| | | | | | | | | | - Min Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; (X.Q.); (B.G.); (M.Z.); (X.L.); (Y.Z.)
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Wang W, Liu X, Wang L, Song G, Jiang W, Mu L, Li J. Ficus carica polysaccharide extraction via ultrasound-assisted technique: Structure characterization, antioxidant, hypoglycemic and immunomodulatory activities. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2023; 101:106680. [PMID: 37956509 PMCID: PMC10661605 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2023.106680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
In this research, the ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) conditions of the water-soluble polysaccharide (FCPS) from Ficus carica fruits were optimized using the response surface methodology. The optimal FCPS yield was 7.97 % achieved by conducting ultrasound-assisted extraction four times at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:20 (g/mL) and an ultrasound temperature of 70 °C. Then, the structure, antioxidant properties, hypoglycemic effects, and immunomodulatory activities of FCPS were evaluated. FCPS was characterized as irregular, rough-surfaced, flaky materials consisting of pyran-type polysaccharides with α- and β-glycosidic linkages, and composed of multiple monosaccharides and only one homogeneous concentrated polysaccharide component (FCPS1) with a molecular weight of 4.224 × 104 Da. The results suggested FCPS exhibited remarkable antioxidant activity in vitro, as evidenced by improved cell viability and reduced the reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. Meanwhile, FCPS effectively improved liver-related insulin resistance by promoting glucose consumption in hepatocytes and activated the immune response through activation of murine bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (DCs) and upregulation of interleukin 6 (IL6) and interleukin 12 (IL-12) expression. The findings demonstrate the efficacy of the UAE technique in isolating FCPS with biological functionality and FCPS could potentially serve as a beneficial organic antioxidant source and functional food, carrying important implications for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weilan Wang
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
| | - Xiaoying Liu
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
| | - Lixue Wang
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
| | - Guirong Song
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
| | - Lihong Mu
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
| | - Jinyao Li
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China.
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11
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Ye D, Zhao Q, Ding D, Ma BL. Preclinical pharmacokinetics-related pharmacological effects of orally administered polysaccharides from traditional Chinese medicines: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 252:126484. [PMID: 37625759 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Polysaccharides (TCMPs) derived from traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs), such as Ganoderma lucidum, Astragalus membranaceus, Lycium barbarum, and Panax ginseng, are considered to be the main active constituents in TCMs. However, the significant pharmacological effects of orally administered TCMPs do not align well with their poor pharmacokinetics. This article aims to review the literature published mainly from 2010 to 2022, focusing on the relationship between pharmacokinetics and pharmacological effects. It has been found that unabsorbed TCMPs can exert local pharmacological effects in the gut, including anti-inflammation, anti-oxidation, regulation of intestinal flora, modulation of intestinal immunity, and maintenance of intestinal barrier integrity. Unabsorbed TCMPs can also produce systemic pharmacological effects, such as anti-tumor activity and immune system modulation, by regulating intestinal flora and immunity. Conversely, some TCMPs can be absorbed and distributed to various tissues, especially the liver, where they exhibit tissue-protecting effects against inflammation and oxidative stress-induced damage and improve glucose and lipid metabolism. In future studies, it is important to improve quality control and experimental design. Furthermore, research on enhancing the oral bioavailability of TCMPs, exploring the activity of TCMP metabolites, investigating pharmacokinetic interactions between TCMPs and oral drugs, and developing oral drug delivery systems using TCMPs holds great significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Ye
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Qing Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Jingan District Zhabei Central Hospital, Shanghai 200070, China
| | - Ding Ding
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Bing-Liang Ma
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
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12
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Cheng S, Cai H, Yi M, Dong L, Yang J. Degradation Product of Sea Cucumber Polysaccharide by Dielectric Barrier Discharge Enhanced the Migration of Macrophage In Vitro. Foods 2023; 12:4079. [PMID: 38002137 PMCID: PMC10670309 DOI: 10.3390/foods12224079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) on sea cucumber polysaccharide (SP-2) and evaluated its anti-inflammatory properties. The SP-2 was depolymerized by applying an input voltage of 60~90 V for 3~9 min. The features of the products were examined using high-performance gel permeation chromatography, HPLC-PAD-MS, and the Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrum. The anti-inflammatory properties of the product were investigated by measuring nitric oxide (NO) release, ROS accumulation, and cell migration using RAW264.7 cells (LPS-induced or not-induced). The results showed SP-2 depolymerized into homogeneous and controllable-size oligosaccharide products. The depolymerized ratio can reach 80%. The results of the measurement of reducing sugars indicate that SP-2 was cleaved from within the sugar chain. The SP-2 was deduced to have a monosaccharide sequence of GlcN-Man-Man-Man-Man-Man based on the digested fragment information. The depolymerization product restrained the release of NO and the accumulation of ROS. By testing the RAW264.7 cell scratch assay, it was found that it enhances the migration of immune cells. DBD degradation of SP-2 leads to homogeneous and controllable-size oligosaccharide products, and this technique can be used for polysaccharide structure analysis. The depolymerized product of SP-2 has an anti-inflammatory capability in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Jingfeng Yang
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Municipality Engineering Laboratory for Shellfish Polysaccharide, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China; (S.C.); (H.C.); (M.Y.); (L.D.)
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13
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Chen Q, Fan J, Lin L, Zhao M. Combination of Lycium barbarum L. and Laminaria japonica polysaccharides as a highly efficient prebiotic: Optimal screening and complementary regulation of gut probiotics and their metabolites. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 246:125534. [PMID: 37355074 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
The combination of polysaccharides is an effective way to develop prebiotics with stable performance during processing and digestion for human wellness. However, there is little information on optimal screening and complementary regulation of compound polysaccharides. This study aimed to optimally select a combination of Lycium barbarum L. polysaccharide (LBP) and Laminaria japonica polysaccharide (LJP) as a highly efficient prebiotic to regulate the gut probiotics and their metabolites. Two LBPs characterized as rhamnogalacturonan I enriched pectins and two LJPs characterized as fucoidans were obtained by enzyme-assisted acid extraction at moderate and dramatic temperatures and combined in pairs to obtain 4 groups containing 4 proportional combinations. All combinations showed better prebiotic effects than individual LJP. The combination of LBP and LJP extracted at 50 °C at a ratio of 4:1 exhibited the strongest prebiotic effect. The optimal compound polysaccharide achieved superior effect and complementary function via LBP-targeted proliferation of Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, and Bacteroides and production of SCFAs and non-SCFA health-associated metabolites, LJP-targeted accumulation of butyrate-producing bacteria and corresponding metabolites, as well as synergistic effect of LJP and LBP at exact proportion. Our study provided theoretical and methodological guidance for optimal screening of compound polysaccharides as new prebiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianni Chen
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China; Guangdong Food Green Processing and Nutrition Regulation Technology Research Center, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Jiaqi Fan
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China; Guangdong Food Green Processing and Nutrition Regulation Technology Research Center, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Lianzhu Lin
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China; Guangdong Food Green Processing and Nutrition Regulation Technology Research Center, Guangzhou 510641, China; Chaozhou Branch of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Chaozhou 521000, China.
| | - Mouming Zhao
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China; Guangdong Food Green Processing and Nutrition Regulation Technology Research Center, Guangzhou 510641, China; Chaozhou Branch of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Chaozhou 521000, China
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14
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Yao W, Yong J, Lv B, Guo S, You L, Cheung PCK, Kulikouskaya VI. Enhanced In Vitro Anti-Photoaging Effect of Degraded Seaweed Polysaccharides by UV/H 2O 2 Treatment. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:430. [PMID: 37623711 PMCID: PMC10455735 DOI: 10.3390/md21080430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The high molecular weight and poor solubility of seaweed polysaccharides have limited their function and application. In this study, ultraviolet/hydrogen peroxide (UV/H2O2) treatment was used to prepare low-molecular-weight seaweed polysaccharides from Sargassum fusiforme. The effects of UV/H2O2 treatment on the physicochemical properties and anti-photoaging activity of S. fusiforme polysaccharides were studied. UV/H2O2 treatment effectively degraded polysaccharides from S. fusiforme (DSFPs), reducing their molecular weight from 271 kDa to 26 kDa after 2 h treatment. The treatment did not affect the functional groups in DSFPs but changed their molar percentage of monosaccharide composition and morphology. The effects of the treatment on the anti-photoaging function of S. fusiforme polysaccharides were investigated using human epidermal HaCaT cells in vitro. DFSPs significantly improved the cell viability and hydroxyproline secretion of UVB-irradiated HaCaT cells. In particular, DSFP-45 obtained from UV/H2O2 treatment for 45 min showed the best anti-photoaging effect. Moreover, DSFP-45 significantly increased the content and expression of collagen I and decreased those of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α. Thus, UV/H2O2 treatment could effectively improve the anti-photoaging activity of S. fusiforme polysaccharides. These results provide some insights for developing novel and efficient anti-photoaging drugs or functional foods from seaweed polysaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanzi Yao
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China; (W.Y.); (J.Y.); (B.L.); (S.G.)
- Research Institute for Food Nutrition and Human Health (111 Center), Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Jiayu Yong
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China; (W.Y.); (J.Y.); (B.L.); (S.G.)
- Research Institute for Food Nutrition and Human Health (111 Center), Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Bingxue Lv
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China; (W.Y.); (J.Y.); (B.L.); (S.G.)
- Research Institute for Food Nutrition and Human Health (111 Center), Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Siyu Guo
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China; (W.Y.); (J.Y.); (B.L.); (S.G.)
- Research Institute for Food Nutrition and Human Health (111 Center), Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Lijun You
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China; (W.Y.); (J.Y.); (B.L.); (S.G.)
- Research Institute for Food Nutrition and Human Health (111 Center), Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Peter Chi-Keung Cheung
- Food & Nutritional Sciences Program, School of Life Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China;
| | - Viktoryia I. Kulikouskaya
- Institute of Chemistry of New Materials, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, 36 Skaryna Str., 220141 Minsk, Belarus;
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15
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Rang Y, Liu H, Cheng X, Li W, Shi J, Ou G, Huang H, Chen C, Xiao X, Liu C. Structural characterization of pectic polysaccharides from Amaranth caudatus leaves and the promotion effect on hippocampal glucagon-like peptide-1 level. Int J Biol Macromol 2023:124967. [PMID: 37217047 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
In this study, decolorized pectic polysaccharides (D-ACLP) with molecular weight (Mw) distribution of 3483- 2,023,656 Da were prepared from Amaranth caudatus leaves. Purified polysaccharides (P-ACLP) with the Mw of 152,955 Da were further isolated from D-ACLP through gel filtration. The structure of P-ACLP was analyzed by 1D and 2D NMR spectra. P-ACLP were identified as rhamnogalacturonan-I (RG-I) containing dimeric arabinose side chains. The main chain of P-ACLP was composed of →4)-α-GalpA-(1→, →2)-β-Rhap-(1→, →3)-β-Galp-(1 → and →6)-β-Galp-(1→. There was a branched chain of α-Araf-(1 → 2)-α-Araf-(1 → connected to the O-6 position of →3)-β-Galp-(1→. The GalpA residues were partially methyl esterified at O-6 and acetylated at O-3. The 28-day consecutive gavage of D-ALCP (400 mg/kg) significantly elevated the hippocampal glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) levels in rats. The concentrations of butyric acid and total short chain fatty acids in the cecum contents also increased significantly. Moreover, D-ACLP could significantly increase the gut microbiota diversity and dramatically up-regulated the abundance of Actinobacteriota (phylum) and unclassified Oscillospiraceae (genus) in intestinal bacteria. Taking together, D-ACLP might promote the hippocampal GLP-1 level through the beneficial regulation of butyric acid-producing bacteria in gut microbiota. This study contributed to making full use of Amaranth caudatus leaves for cognitive dysfunction intervention in food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifeng Rang
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; The Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Huan Liu
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; The Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510642, China; College of Life Sciences, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi 435000, China
| | - Xianbo Cheng
- Nanning Higher Education Base, Guangxi Vocational College of Technology and Business, Nanning 530003, China
| | - Weiye Li
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; The Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Jian Shi
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; The Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Genghua Ou
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; The Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Huiying Huang
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; The Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Congying Chen
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; The Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xueman Xiao
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; The Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Chunhong Liu
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; The Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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16
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Farooq S, Dar AH, Dash KK, Srivastava S, Pandey VK, Ayoub WS, Pandiselvam R, Manzoor S, Kaur M. Cold plasma treatment advancements in food processing and impact on the physiochemical characteristics of food products. Food Sci Biotechnol 2023; 32:621-638. [PMID: 37009036 PMCID: PMC10050620 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-023-01266-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Cold plasma processing is a nonthermal approach that maintains food quality while minimizing the effects of heat on its nutritious qualities. Utilizing activated, highly reactive gaseous molecules, cold plasma processing technique inactivates contaminating microorganisms in food and packaging materials. Pesticides and enzymes that are linked to quality degradation are currently the most critical issues in the fresh produce industry. Using cold plasma causes pesticides and enzymes to degrade, which is associated with quality deterioration. The product surface characteristics and processing variables, such as environmental factors, processing parameters, and intrinsic factors, need to be optimized to obtain higher cold plasma efficiency. The purpose of this review is to analyse the impact of cold plasma processing on qualitative characteristics of food products and to demonstrate the effect of cold plasma on preventing microbiological concerns while also improving the quality of minimally processed products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salma Farooq
- Department of Food Technology, Islamic University of Science and Technology, Kashmir, India
| | - Aamir Hussain Dar
- Department of Food Technology, Islamic University of Science and Technology, Kashmir, India
| | - Kshirod Kumar Dash
- Department of Food Processing Technology, Ghani Khan Choudhury Institute of Engineering and Technology, Malda, West Bengal India
| | - Shivangi Srivastava
- Department of Bioengineering, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Vinay Kumar Pandey
- Department of Biotechnology, Axis Institute of Higher Education, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Wani Suhana Ayoub
- Department of Food Technology, Islamic University of Science and Technology, Kashmir, India
| | - R. Pandiselvam
- Physiology, Biochemistry and Post-Harvest Technology Division, ICAR-Central Plantation Crops Research Institute (CPCRI), Kasaragod, Kerala 671124 India
| | - Sobiya Manzoor
- Division of Food Science and Technology, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Kashmir, India
| | - Mandeep Kaur
- Amity Institute of Food Technology Department, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201313 India
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17
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Qian L, Du M, Yang X, Wang Q, Huang S, Ma Y, Sun Y. Microanalysis Characterization and Immunomodulatory Effect for Selenium-Enriched Polysaccharide from Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28072885. [PMID: 37049647 PMCID: PMC10096435 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28072885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers., referred to as Morel, is a medicinal and edible homologous fungus, which contains many bioactive substances. In Morel, polysaccharides are the most abundant and have various bioactivities. In the present work, two novel polysaccharides, Se-MPS and MPS, were prepared and purified from selenium-enriched (Se-enriched) and common Morel mycelia, respectively, and their structural and immunomodulatory properties were evaluated. The results show that Se-enriched treatment significantly changed the polysaccharides' chemical composition, molecular weight, and sugar chain configuration. In addition, the Se-enriched treatment also improved the polysaccharides' fragmentation and thermal stability. Importantly, Se-enriched Morel polysaccharide (Se-MPS) could significantly enhance phagocytosis of RAW 264.7 macrophage cells and, remarkably, activate their immune response via activating the TLR4-TRAF6-MAPKs-NF-κB cascade signaling pathway, finally exerting an immunomodulatory function. Based on these findings, selenium-enriched Morel polysaccharide appears to have more potential for development and utilization in functional foods or medicines than ordinary Morel polysaccharide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Qian
- College of Agriculture, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang 233100, China
| | - Mengxiang Du
- College of Agriculture, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang 233100, China
| | - Xiaoyan Yang
- College of Agriculture, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang 233100, China
| | - Qian Wang
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang 233100, China
| | - Shengwei Huang
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang 233100, China
| | - Yuhan Ma
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang 233100, China
| | - Yujun Sun
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang 233100, China
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18
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Li C, Feng Y, Li J, Lian R, Qin L, Wang C. Extraction, purification, structural characterization, and hepatoprotective effect of the polysaccharide from purple sweet potato. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2023; 103:2196-2206. [PMID: 36168747 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Purple sweet potato Ipomoea batatas (L.) has long been used as a medicine and a food. It contains various bioactive substances such as polysaccharides, anthocyanins, and flavonoids. Purple sweet potato polysaccharides are known to have anti-oxidant, anti-tumor, and immunomodulatory functions. Nevertheless, studies on the structural characterization of purple sweet potato polysaccharides and their ability to prevent non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) have rarely been reported. RESULTS A novel polysaccharide (PSPP-A) was extracted and isolated from purple sweet potato, and its structural characteristics and preventive effects on NAFLD were investigated. The results indicated that PSPP-A was composed of l-rhamnose, d-arabinose, d-galactose, d-glucose, and d-glucuronic acid with molar ratios of 1.89:8.45:1.95:1.13:1. Its molecular weight was 2.63 × 103 kDa. Methylation and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis indicated that the glycosidic linkages were →3)-α-L-Araf-(1→, α-L-Araf-(1→, →2,4)-α-L-Rhap-(1→, 4-O-Me-β-D-GlcAp-(1→, →4)-α-D-Glcp-(1→, →4)-β-D-Galp-(1→, and →6)-β-D-Galp-(1→. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) indicated that the structure of PSPP-A was irregular. Subsequently, the protective effect of PSPP-A on NAFLD was investigated. The results indicated that bodyweight, liver index, and triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), aspartate transaminase (AST), and alanine transaminase (ALT) content were significantly reduced by intervention of purple sweet potato polysaccharide-A (PSPP-A) compared with the - high-fat diet group. Liver histopathological analysis indicated that PSPP-A attenuated irregular hepatocyte patterns and excessive lipid vacuoles. CONCLUSIONS The novel polysaccharide, PSPP-A, mainly contains arabinose, which has certain preventive effects on NAFLD. This study provides a theoretical basis for further elucidating the hepatoprotective effect of purple sweet potatoes as a functional food. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenjing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, College of Food Engineering and Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Yihua Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, College of Food Engineering and Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Jingyao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, College of Food Engineering and Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Rui Lian
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, College of Food Engineering and Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Liehao Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, College of Food Engineering and Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Chunling Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, College of Food Engineering and Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
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19
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Yu Z, Xia M, Lan J, Yang L, Wang Z, Wang R, Tao H, Shi Y. A comprehensive review on the ethnobotany, phytochemistry, pharmacology and quality control of the genus Lycium in China. Food Funct 2023; 14:2998-3025. [PMID: 36912477 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo03791b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
The Lycium genus, perennial herbs of the Solanaceae family, has been an important source of medicines and nutrient supplements for thousands of years in China, where seven species and three varieties are cultivated. Among these, Lycium barbarum L. and Lycium chinense Mill., two "superfoods", together with Lycium ruthenicum Murr, have been extensively commercialized and studied for their health-related properties. The dried ripe fruits of the genus Lycium are well recognized as functional foods for the management of various ailments including waist and knee pain, tinnitus, impotence, spermatorrhea, blood deficiency and weak eyes since ancient times. Phytochemical studies have reported numerous chemical components in the Lycium genus, categorized as polysaccharides, carotenoids, polyphenols, phenolic acids, flavonoids, alkaloids and fatty acids, and its therapeutic roles in antioxidation, immunomodulation, antitumor treatment, hepatoprotection and neuroprotection have been further confirmed by modern pharmacological studies. As a multi-functional food, the quality control of Lycium fruits has also attracted attention internationally. Despite its popularity in research, limited systematic and comprehensive information has been provided on the Lycium genus. Therefore, herein, we provide an up-to-date review of the distribution, botanical features, phytochemistry, pharmacology and quality control of the Lycium genus in China, which will provide evidence for further in-depth exploration and comprehensive utilization of Lycium, especially its fruits and active ingredients in the healthcare field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhonglian Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Mengqin Xia
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Jiping Lan
- Experiment center for teaching & learning, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Li Yang
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Zhengtao Wang
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Rui Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Hongxun Tao
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212016, China
| | - Yanhong Shi
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.,Institute of TCM International Standardization, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
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20
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Zhao H, Wang L, Yu Y, Yang J, Zhang X, Zhao Z, Ma F, Hu M, Wang X. Comparison of Lycium barbarum fruits polysaccharide from different regions of China by acidic hydrolysate fingerprinting-based HILIC-ELSD-ESI-TOF-MS combined with chemometrics analysis. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2023; 34:186-197. [PMID: 36450654 DOI: 10.1002/pca.3192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Lycium barbarum is an edible fruit widely used in herbal medicines and as a functional food. Polysaccharide is one of the most important active ingredients. Only L. barbarum grown in the Ningxia region of China are officially recognised as suitable for use in traditional Chinese medicine, but the systematic comparison of L. barbarum polysaccharide between Ningxia and the other growing regions of China has been rarely reported. OBJECTIVE To compare the difference of L. barbarum polysaccharide from different grown regions of China. METHODS A chemical fingerprint of L. barbarum polysaccharide hydrolysates was established based on controlled acidolysis combined with hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography-evaporative light scattering detection-electrospray ionisation-time-of-flight-mass spectrometry (HILIC-ELSD-ESI-TOF-MS). Then, it was employed for the comparison of L. barbarum samples from different geographical origins of China combined with chemometrics analysis. RESULTS Six monosaccharides [rhamnose (Rha), xylose (Xyl), arabinose (Ara), mannose (Man), glucose (Glu), galactose (Gal)] were qualitatively and quantitatively determined and four glycoconjugates were preliminarily identified from the hydrolysates. Content determination for the polysaccharide and monosaccharide indicated obvious geographical features. The HILIC-ELSD fingerprint combined with partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) was able to differentiate L. barbarum samples from Ningxia, Xinjiang, Gansu and Qinghai regions with 89.19% classification accuracy. Orthogonal projection to latent structure discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) was able to differentiate between samples from Ningxia and those from the other three growing regions, polysaccharide and Ara were the potential chemical markers. CONCLUSIONS These findings form the basis of a reliable method to trace the region of origin of L. barbarum sample and thereby, improve the quality control of L. barbarum therapeutic polysaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hengqiang Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Applied Technology of Sophisticated Analytical Instruments of Shandong Province, Shandong Analysis and Test Centre, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, P. R. China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qilu University Of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, P. R. China
| | - Ling Wang
- National Resource Centre for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Yi Yu
- Infinitus (China) Company Ltd., Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Jian Yang
- National Resource Centre for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Xiaobo Zhang
- National Resource Centre for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Zhiguo Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Applied Technology of Sophisticated Analytical Instruments of Shandong Province, Shandong Analysis and Test Centre, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, P. R. China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qilu University Of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, P. R. China
| | - Fangli Ma
- Infinitus (China) Company Ltd., Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Minghua Hu
- Infinitus (China) Company Ltd., Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Key Laboratory for Applied Technology of Sophisticated Analytical Instruments of Shandong Province, Shandong Analysis and Test Centre, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, P. R. China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qilu University Of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, P. R. China
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21
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Hu W, Li P, Guo D, Zhang B, Tao D, Li J, Zhong W, Zang H, Xu Y, Ma F. Effect of solution pulsed plasma process on the degradation and physicochemical properties of pectin. Food Hydrocoll 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2022.108236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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22
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Zhang H, Yue Y, Zhang Q, Liang L, Li C, Chen Y, Li W, Peng M, Yang M, Zhao M, Cao X, Zhong L, Du J, Wang Y, Zhou X, Shu Z. Structural characterization and anti-inflammatory effects of an arabinan isolated from Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 303:120441. [PMID: 36657836 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.120441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Considering that natural polysaccharides are potential anti-inflammatory agents, in this study, an arabinan (RGP70-2) was isolated and purified from Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch. (R. glutinosa) and its structure was characterized. RGP70-2 was a homogeneous polysaccharide with a molecular weight of 6.7 kDa, with the main backbone comprising →5)-α-L-Araf-(1→, →3)-α-L-Araf-(1→, →2,3,5)-α-L-Araf-(1→, and →2,5)-α-L-Araf-(1 → linkages and the side chain comprising an α-L-Araf-(1 → linkage. In vivo experiments showed that RGP70-2 inhibited ROS production and downregulated the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6). In vitro experiments showed that RGP70-2 decreased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, inhibited ROS production, and attenuated NF-κB-p65 translocation from the cytoplasm to the nucleus. Our results showed that RGP70-2 may delay inflammation by regulating the ROS-NF-κB pathway. Thus, RGP70-2 has potential applications as an anti-inflammatory agent in the biopharmaceutical industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Pharmacy, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007, China
| | - Yimin Yue
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Lanyuan Liang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Chuanqiu Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Wei Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Mingming Peng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Mengru Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Mantong Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xia Cao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Luyang Zhong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jieyong Du
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xi Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Measurement and Emergency Test Technology, China National Analytical Center, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Quality and Safety of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China National Analytical Center, Guangzhou 510006, China; Institute of Analysis, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, China National Analytical Center, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zunpeng Shu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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23
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Shao C, Zhong J, Liu J, Yang Y, Li M, Yang Yu, Xu Y, Wang L. Preparation, characterization and bioactivities of selenized polysaccharides from Lonicera caerulea L. fruits. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 225:484-493. [PMID: 36403769 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.11.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Native polysaccharide was obtained from Lonicera caerulea L. fruits (PLP). Two selenized polysaccharides (PSLP-1 and PSLP-2) were synthesized by the microwave-assisted HNO3-Na2SeO3 method, where the selenium (Se) contents were 228 ± 24 and 353 ± 36 μg/g, respectively. The molecular weights of PLP, PSLP-1, and PSLP-2 were 5.9 × 104, 5.6 × 104, and 5.1 × 104 kDa, respectively. PSLP-1 and PSLP-2 contained the same type of monosaccharides as PLP but with different molar ratios. The main chain structure of the native polysaccharide was not changed after selenization. PLP, PSLP-1, and PSLP-2 contained the same six types of glycosidic bonds. Bioactivity assays revealed that the two selenized polysaccharides possessed better antioxidant activities than PLP, but their bile acid-binding abilities and inhibitory activities on acetylcholinesterase (AChE) had weakened. In summary, PLP, PSLP-1, and PSLP-2 may be promising Se supplements in functional foods and inhibitors for the treatment of AChE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuntian Shao
- College of Arts and Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Jingwei Zhong
- College of Arts and Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Junwen Liu
- College of Arts and Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Yiyan Yang
- College of Arts and Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Meilin Li
- College of Arts and Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Yang Yu
- College of Arts and Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Yaqin Xu
- College of Arts and Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
| | - Libo Wang
- College of Arts and Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
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Wu Q, Er-Bu A, Liang X, He C, Yin L, Xu F, Zou Y, Yin Z, Yue G, Li L, Song X, Tang H, Zhang W, Lv C, Jing B, Sang G, Rangnanjia C. Isolation, structure identification, and immunostimulatory effects in vitro and in vivo of polysaccharides from Onosma hookeri Clarke var. longiforum Duthie. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2023; 103:328-338. [PMID: 35871477 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study characterized an acidic polysaccharide (OHC-LDPA) isolated from the medicinal and edible homologous plant Onosma hookeri Clarke var. longiforum Duthie. The structure of OHC-LDPA was elucidated based on the analysis of infrared, one-/two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance, and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry data. The immunostimulatory effects of OHC-LDPA were identified by both in vitro and in vivo models. RESULTS The structure of OHC-LDPA was elucidated as a typical pectin polysaccharide, consisting of galacturonic acid, galactose, arabinose, and rhamnose as the primary sugars, with linear galacturonic acid as the main chain and arabinogalacturonic acid as the main branched components. OHC-LDPA could significantly stimulate the proliferation and phagocytosis of RAW264.7 macrophages and the release of nitric oxide in vitro. Also, it could accelerate the recovery of spleen and thymus indexes, enhance the splenic lymphocyte proliferation responses, and restore the levels of interleukin-2, interleukin-10, interferon-γ, and immunoglobulin G in the serum in a cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppressed-mice model. In addition, OHC-LDPA could restore the intestinal mucosal immunity and reduce the inflammatory damage. CONCLUSION OHC-LDPA could improve the immunity both in vitro and in vivo and could be used as a potential immunostimulant agent. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Wu
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Aga Er-Bu
- Medical College, Tibet University, Lasa, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoxia Liang
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Changliang He
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Lizi Yin
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Funeng Xu
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Yuanfeng Zou
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Zhongqiong Yin
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Guizhou Yue
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Lixia Li
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Xu Song
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Huaqiao Tang
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Cheng Lv
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Bo Jing
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Geng Sang
- Graduate school, Tibet Medical University, Lasa, P. R. China
| | - Car Rangnanjia
- Graduate school, Tibet Medical University, Lasa, P. R. China
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25
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Son SU, Kim HW, Shin KS. Structural identification of active moiety in anti-tumor metastatic polysaccharide purified from fermented barley by sequential enzymatic hydrolysis. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.101999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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26
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Son SU, Nam AY, Kim SM, Rho Y, Shin KS. Improvement effects of pectic polysaccharide isolated from Saururus chinensis leaves on dextran sulfate sodium-induced ulcerative colitis in BALB/c mice. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.102027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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27
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Jiang W, Hu Y, Zhu Z. Biosorption Characteristic and Cytoprotective Effect of Pb 2+, Cu 2+ and Cd 2+ by a Novel Polysaccharide from Zingiber strioatum. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27228036. [PMID: 36432135 PMCID: PMC9696034 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27228036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The pollution of heavy metal ions can cause damage to the human body through food, so developing a new biocompatible material that can remove the damage of heavy metal ions has a good application prospect. In this study, we obtained a new homogeneous polysaccharide composed of seven monosaccharides from Zingiber strioatum by using the method of separation and purification of polysaccharide. The results of adsorption behavior showed that the concentration, temperature and pH value could affect the adsorption effect of Zingiber strioatum polysaccharide (ZSP). Through model fitting of the data of adsorption time and metal concentration, the pseudo second-order kinetic model can well describe the kinetics of the adsorption process, and the adsorption isotherm data fit well with the Langmuir model. In the preliminary research results of adsorption mechanism, SEM showed the appearance of ZSP as flake and porous surface; EDX analysis confirmed the metal adsorption capacity of ZSP. Meanwhile, XPS and FT-IR further clarified the adsorption based on functional groups composed of C and O. The cells preprotected by ZSP can resist heavy metal ions. The above results show that ZSP can be used as a new macromolecule to bind heavy metal ions, which can broaden the research scope of polysaccharides in contaminated food systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Jiang
- Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
- Department of Health Management, Zunyi Medical and Pharmaceutical College, Zunyi 563006, China
| | - Ying Hu
- College of Public Health, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563006, China
| | - Zhenyuan Zhu
- Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-22-60912390; Fax: +86-22-60601437
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28
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Effects of Lycium barbarum Polysaccharides on Immunity and Metabolic Syndrome Associated with the Modulation of Gut Microbiota: A Review. Foods 2022. [PMCID: PMC9602392 DOI: 10.3390/foods11203177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Lycium barbarum polysaccharides (LBPs) have attracted increasing attention due to their multiple pharmacological activities and physiological functions. Recently, both in vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated that the biological effects of dietary LBPs are related to the regulation of gut microbiota. Supplementation with LBPs could modulate the composition of microbial communities, and simultaneously influence the levels of active metabolites, thus exerting their beneficial effects on host health. Interestingly, LBPs with diverse chemical structures may enrich or reduce certain specific intestinal microbes. The present review summarizes the extraction, purification, and structural types of LBPs and the regulation effects of LBPs on the gut microbiome and their derived metabolites. Furthermore, the health promoting effects of LBPs on host bidirectional immunity (e.g., immune enhancement and immune inflammation suppression) and metabolic syndrome (e.g., obesity, type 2 diabetes, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease) by targeting gut microbiota are also discussed based on their structural types. The contents presented in this review might help to better understand the health benefits of LBPs targeting gut microbiota and provide a scientific basis to further clarify the structure–function relationship of LBPs.
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29
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Feng Y, Song Y, Zhou J, Duan Y, Kong T, Ma H, Zhang H. Recent progress of Lycium barbarum polysaccharides on intestinal microbiota, microbial metabolites and health: a review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 64:2917-2940. [PMID: 36168931 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2128037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Intestinal microbiota is symbiotically associated with host health, learning about the characteristics of microbiota and the factors that modulate it could assist in developing strategies to promote human health and prevent diseases. Polysaccharides from Lycium barbarum (LBPs) are found beneficial for enhancing the activity of gut microbiota, as a potential prebiotic, which not only participates in improving body immunity, obesity, hyperlipidemia and systemic inflammation induced by oxidative stress, but also plays a magnificent role in regulating intestinal microenvironment and improving host health and target intestinal effects via its biological activities, as well as gut microbiota and metabolites. To highlight the internal relationship between intestinal microbiota and LBPs, this review focuses on the latest advances in LBPs on the intestinal microbiota, metabolites, immune regulation, intestinal barrier protection, microbiota-gut-brain axis and host health. Moreover, the preparation, structure, bioactivity and modification of LBPs were also discussed. This review may offer new perspective on LBPs improving health of gut and host via intestinal microbiota, and provide useful guidelines for the application of LBPs in the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqin Feng
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yating Song
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Jie Zhou
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yuqing Duan
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- Institute of Food Physical Processing, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Tianyu Kong
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Haile Ma
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- Institute of Food Physical Processing, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Haihui Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
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30
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Natural polysaccharides as potential anti-fibrotic agents: A review of their progress. Life Sci 2022; 308:120953. [PMID: 36103957 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Fibrosis, as a common disease which could be found in nearly all organs, is normally initiated by organic injury and eventually ended in cellular dysfunction and organ failure. Currently, effective and safe therapeutic strategies targeting fibrogenesis still in highly demand. Natural polysaccharides derived from natural resources possess promising anti-fibrosis potential, with no deleterious side effects. Based on the etiology and pathogenesis of fibrosis, this review summarizes the intervention effects and mechanisms of natural polysaccharides in the prevention and treatment of fibrosis. Natural polysaccharides are able to regulate each phase of the fibrogenic response, including primary injury to organs, activation of effector cells, the elaboration of extracellular matrix (ECM) and dynamic deposition. In addition, polysaccharides significantly reduce fibrosis levels in multiple organs including heart, lung, liver and kidney. The investigation of the pathogenesis of fibrosis indicates that mechanisms including the inhibition of TGF-β/Smad, NF-κB, HMGB1/TLR4, cAMP/PKA signaling pathways, MMPs/TIMPs system as well as microRNAs are promising therapeutic targets. Natural polysaccharides can target these mediators or pathways to alleviate fibrosis. The information reviewed here offer new insights into the understanding the protective role of natural polysaccharides against fibrosis, help design further experimental studies related to polysaccharides and fibrotic responses, and shed light on a potential treatment for fibrosis.
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31
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Yue F, Zhang J, Xu J, Niu T, Lü X, Liu M. Effects of monosaccharide composition on quantitative analysis of total sugar content by phenol-sulfuric acid method. Front Nutr 2022; 9:963318. [PMID: 35983486 PMCID: PMC9378961 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.963318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Phenol-sulfuric acid method is one of the most common methods applied to the analysis of total sugar content during polysaccharides study. However, it was found that the results obtained from the phenol-sulfuric acid method was generally lower than the real total sugar content, especially when acidic monosaccharides were contained in the polysaccharides samples. Therefore, the present study focused to unveil the proposed problem. Based on the optimization of colorimetric conditions, such as optimal wave length of absorption, linearity range, color reaction time and temperature, it indicated that the phenol-sulfuric acid method was a convenient and accurate way for the total sugar content analysis. In addition, the color-rendering capabilities of 10 common monosaccharides were systematically analyzed to obtain a relative correction factor for each monosaccharide relative to glucose, which was proved to be the main reason for the deviation in the detection of total sugar content. Moreover, the key points during the application of phenol-sulfuric acid method were suggested. This study provides a scientific theoretical basis and a reliable experimental research method for the accurate determination of total sugar content by the phenol-sulfuric acid method, and which will also promote the application of this convenient method in the polysaccharides study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangfang Yue
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Jinrui Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Jiaxin Xu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Tengfei Niu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Xin Lü
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Manshun Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.,College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
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32
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Lycium Genus Polysaccharide: An Overview of its Extraction, Structures, Pharmacological Activities and Biological Applications. SEPARATIONS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/separations9080197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Polysaccharide is considered to be the main active ingredient of the genus Lycium L., which is taken from the dried fruit of the famous Chinese herbal medicine and precious tonic known as wolfberry. Traditional uses include nourishing the liver and kidney and improving eyesight, with widespread use in the clinical practice of traditional Chinese medicine. Many studies have focused on the isolation and identification of the genus Lycium L. polysaccharide and its biological activities. However, the variety of raw materials and the mechanisms of polysaccharides differ. After extraction, the structure and biological activity of the obtained polysaccharides also differ. To date, approximately 58 kinds of polysaccharides have been isolated and purified from the Lycium genus, including water-soluble polysaccharides; homogeneous polysaccharides; pectin polysaccharides; acidic heteropolysaccharides; and arabinogalactans, which are composed of arabinose, glucosamine, galactose, glucose, xylose, mannose, fructose, ribose, galacturonic acid, and glucuronic acid. Pharmacological studies have shown that LBPs exhibit a variety of important biological activities, such as protection of nerves; promotion of reproduction; and anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, hypoglycemic, and eyesight-improving activities. The aim this paper is to summarize previous and current references to the isolation process, structural characteristics, and biological activities of the genus Lycium L. polysaccharide. This review will provide a useful reference for further research and application of the genus Lycium L. polysaccharide in the field of functional food and medicine.
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33
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Qiu Z, Qiao Y, Zhang B, Sun-Waterhouse D, Zheng Z. Bioactive polysaccharides and oligosaccharides from garlic (Allium sativum L.): Production, physicochemical and biological properties, and structure-function relationships. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2022; 21:3033-3095. [PMID: 35765769 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Garlic is a common food, and many of its biological functions are attributed to its components including functional carbohydrates. Garlic polysaccharides and oligosaccharides as main components are understudied but have future value due to the growing demand for bioactive polysaccharides/oligosaccharides from natural sources. Garlic polysaccharides have molecular weights of 1 × 103 to 2 × 106 Da, containing small amounts of pectins and fructooligosaccharides and large amounts of inulin-type fructans ((2→1)-linked β-d-Fruf backbones alone or with attached (2→6)-linked β-d-Fruf branched chains). This article provides a detailed review of research progress and identifies knowledge gaps in extraction, production, composition, molecular characteristics, structural features, physicochemical properties, bioactivities, and structure-function relationships of garlic polysaccharides/oligosaccharides. Whether the extraction processes, synthesis approaches, and modification methods established for other non-garlic polysaccharides are also effective for garlic polysaccharides/oligosaccharides (to preserve their desired molecular structures and bioactivities) requires verification. The metabolic processes of ingested garlic polysaccharides/oligosaccharides (as food ingredients/dietary supplements), their modes of action in healthy humans or populations with chronic conditions, and molecular/chain organization-bioactivity relationships remain unclear. Future research directions related to garlic polysaccharides/oligosaccharides are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhichang Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control of Shandong Higher Education Institutes, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Yiteng Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control of Shandong Higher Education Institutes, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China.,School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control of Shandong Higher Education Institutes, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Dongxiao Sun-Waterhouse
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control of Shandong Higher Education Institutes, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China.,School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Zhenjia Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control of Shandong Higher Education Institutes, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
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Zhang RY, Gao JH, Shi YL, Lan YF, Liu HM, Zhu WX, Wang XD. Characterization of Structure and Antioxidant Activity of Polysaccharides From Sesame Seed Hull. Front Nutr 2022; 9:928972. [PMID: 35799594 PMCID: PMC9253664 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.928972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Sesame seed hull is the major by-product of sesame seed processing and is rich in polysaccharides. In this work, sesame hull polysaccharides (SHP) were extracted by ultrasound-assisted alkali extraction methods with a yield of 6.49%. Three purified polysaccharide fractions were obtained after decolorization, deproteinization, and column chromatography. Then, their main composition and antioxidant activity were investigated. The dominant fraction was SHP-2 with a yield of 3.78%. It was composed of galacturonic acid (51.3%), glucuronic acid (13.8%), rhamnose (8.9%), glucose (8.4%), and others. The linkage types of SHP-2 have the α-D-GalpA-(1,4)-linked, α-D-GlcpA-(1,2)-linked, β-T-D-Rhap-linked, β-D-Glcp-(1,6)-linked, β-T-D-Galp-linked, α-L-Xylp-(1,4)-linked, α-L-Araf-(1,3,5)-linked, and β-D-Manp-(1,4)-linked. This study might provide some useful basic data for developing applications for sesame seed hull polysaccharides in the food and pharmaceutical industries.
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35
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Ma RH, Zhang XX, Ni ZJ, Thakur K, Wang W, Yan YM, Cao YL, Zhang JG, Rengasamy KRR, Wei ZJ. Lycium barbarum (Goji) as functional food: a review of its nutrition, phytochemical structure, biological features, and food industry prospects. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 63:10621-10635. [PMID: 35593666 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2078788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Lycium genus (Goji berry) is recognized as a good source of homology of medicine and food, with various nutrients and phytochemicals. Lately, numerous studies have focused on the chemical constituents and biological functions of the L. barbarum L., covering phytochemical and pharmacological aspects. We aim to provide exclusive data on the nutrients of L. barbarum L. fruits and phytochemicals, including their structural characterization, the evolution of extraction, and purification processes of different phytochemicals of L. barbarum L. fruit while placing greater emphasis on their wide-ranging health effects. This review also profitably offers innovative approaches for the food industry and industrial applications of L. barbarum L. and addresses some current situations and problems in the development of L. barbarum L. in deep processing products, which can provide clues for the sustainable development of L. barbarum L. industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Run-Hui Ma
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, People's Republic of China
- School of Biological Science and Engineering, Ningxia Key Laboratory for the Development and Application of Microbial Resources in Extreme Environments, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiu-Xiu Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, People's Republic of China
- School of Biological Science and Engineering, Ningxia Key Laboratory for the Development and Application of Microbial Resources in Extreme Environments, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Jing Ni
- School of Biological Science and Engineering, Ningxia Key Laboratory for the Development and Application of Microbial Resources in Extreme Environments, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Kiran Thakur
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, People's Republic of China
- School of Biological Science and Engineering, Ningxia Key Laboratory for the Development and Application of Microbial Resources in Extreme Environments, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Biological Science and Engineering, Ningxia Key Laboratory for the Development and Application of Microbial Resources in Extreme Environments, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya-Mei Yan
- Institute of wolfberry Engineering and Technology, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry, Yinchuan, People's Republic of China
| | - You-Long Cao
- Institute of wolfberry Engineering and Technology, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry, Yinchuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Guo Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, People's Republic of China
- School of Biological Science and Engineering, Ningxia Key Laboratory for the Development and Application of Microbial Resources in Extreme Environments, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Kannan R R Rengasamy
- Centre for Transdisciplinary Research, Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, India
| | - Zhao-Jun Wei
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, People's Republic of China
- School of Biological Science and Engineering, Ningxia Key Laboratory for the Development and Application of Microbial Resources in Extreme Environments, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, People's Republic of China
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36
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Properties of selenium nanoparticles stabilized by Lycium barbarum polysaccharide-protein conjugates obtained with subcritical water. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 205:672-681. [PMID: 35240216 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.02.165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) in an aqueous solution have poor stability and tend to aggregate when stored for a long time. In the present study, SeNPs were stabilized by using Lycium barbarum polysaccharide (LBP) and Lycium barbarum protein (LBPr) conjugates (LBPP) as a stabilizer and dispersing agent. Particularly, the LBPP1 was obtained with subcritical water treatment. In addition, the physical stability, re-dispersity and antitumor activity of LBPP1-SeNPs were investigated. The results showed the particle size of LBPP1-SeNPs was maintained at 111.5-117 nm, which was stable at PH 6, 4 °C and darkness for at least 40 days. Besides, the result of TEM showed that the dispersion of LBPP1-SeNPs had more clear layers and smoother surfaces. Moreover, LBPP1-SeNPs had excellent re-dispersibility and exhibited a significant inhibitory effect on HepG-2 cells and Caco-2 cells, respectively (p < 0.05). Therefore, LBPP1-SeNPs can be used as potential selenium nutritional supplements for food and medical applications.
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37
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Physicochemical and Functional Properties of Okra Leaf Polysaccharides Extracted at Different pHs. CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/chemistry4020030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Different extraction pH values obtain polysaccharides with tailored structures and novel functionalities. This study investigated the influence of different extraction pH values (4.2, 6.8, and 9.2) on the physicochemical compositions and structural and functional properties of okra leaf polysaccharides (OLPs). The extraction yield (2.74–7.34%), molecular weights (68.5–85.4 kDa), total sugar contents (64.87–95.68%), degree of acetylation (18.28–22.88%), and methylation (8.97–15.20%) of OLPs varied significantly (p < 0.05). The monosaccharide composition reflected OLPs as pectic polysaccharides, with varied compositions of galacturonic acid, galactose, rhamnose, and arabinose. However, the differences in their sugar molar ratios, such as their side-chain and backbone chain compositions, greatly affected their functional properties. Additionally, notable differences due to extraction pH were observed in physical properties, thermal stability, and crystallinity. However, FTIR and NMR spectra revealed that extraction pH had negligible effects on the primary structure of OLPs. All OLPs showed non-Newtonian fluid behavior in the aqueous system with different apparent viscosities correlating with their molecular weights. Furthermore, the OLPs fractions stabilized oil-in-water emulsions differently and had distinct radical scavenging activities related to their compositions. This study provides a basis for selecting appropriate extraction pH to prepare OLPs with specific characteristics and applications in food-related disciplines.
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38
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Cui J, Wang Y, Kim E, Zhang C, Zhang G, Lee Y. Structural Characteristics and Immunomodulatory Effects of a Long-Chain Polysaccharide From Laminaria japonica. Front Nutr 2022; 9:762595. [PMID: 35419391 PMCID: PMC8996131 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.762595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Polysaccharides derived from Laminaria japonica (LJPS) have shown a variety of beneficial effects on improving human health; however, the structural features and bioactivities of long-chain LJPS remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the structural characteristics and bioactivities of a novel long-chain LJPS. Results showed that the LJPS was composed of Fuc, Rha, Ara, Gal, Glc, Xyl, Man, Fru, Rib, GalA, GluA, GlcA, and ManA, with a molar ratio of 35.71:1.48:0.28:13.16:0.55:2.97:6.92:0.58:0.41:0.14:3.16:15.84:18.79. Of these, Fuc, Gal, Man, GlcA, and ManA were the predominant components with an accumulated proportion of 93.6%. The LJPS was found to consist of seven types of the monomer residues, and the main interchain glycosidic linkages were β -D-(1 → 2), α -D-(1 → 3), (1 → 4), and (1 → 6), and the molecular mass was 5.79 × 104 g/mol. Regarding the molecular conformation, LJPS was a multi-branched, long-chain macromolecule, and appeared in a denser crosslinking network with highly branched and helix domains in the terms of morphology. Additionally, the LJPS had no toxicity to mouse macrophage cells and exhibited biphasic immuno-modulating capacity. The present findings suggested that the long-chain LJPS might be an attractive candidate as an immunopotentiating and anti-inflammatory functional food, and this study also provides a feasible approach to decipher the structural characteristics and spatial conformations of plant-derived polysaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiamei Cui
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Jeju National University, Jeju, South Korea
| | - Yunpeng Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Prevention, Department of Animal Nutrition, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian City, China
| | - Eunyoung Kim
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Jeju National University, Jeju, South Korea
| | - Chongyu Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Prevention, Department of Animal Nutrition, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian City, China
| | - Guiguo Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Prevention, Department of Animal Nutrition, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian City, China
| | - Yunkyoung Lee
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Jeju National University, Jeju, South Korea.,Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Advanced Convergence Technology and Science, Jeju National University, Jeju, South Korea
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39
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Effect of pH value and the distance between the electrodes on physicochemical properties of chitosan under SPP treatment. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 288:119348. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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40
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Wan X, Jin X, Wu X, Yang X, Lin D, Li C, Fu Y, Liu Y, Liu X, Lv J, Gontcharov AA, Yang H, Wang Q, Li Y. Structural characterisation and antitumor activity against non-small cell lung cancer of polysaccharides from Sanghuangporus vaninii. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 276:118798. [PMID: 34823804 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 10/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The medicinal fungus Sanghuangporus vaninii can be cultivated in large scale and has outstanding antitumour activity. In this study, water-soluble S. vaninii polysaccharides (SVPs) were extracted from fruiting bodies. Four polysaccharide sub-fractions (SVP-W, SVP-1, SVP-2 and SVP-3) were isolated, with molecular weights from 90.50 kDa to 261.70 kDa, and all inhibited the proliferation of non-small cell lung cancer cell lines A549, 95-D and NCI-H460, especially the acidic SVP-1. SVP-1 affected cell morphology and colony formation in NCI-H460 cells. It also promoted cell apoptosis following nuclear fluorescence staining and flow cytometry. Methylation and nuclear magnetic resonance analyses revealed that SVP-1 is a heteroglycan with the main chain →4)-β-D-Glcp-(1 → 6)-β-D-Glcp-(1 → 6)-α-D-Galp-(1 → 6)-β-D-Glcp-(1→, and the branched chain α-D-Manp-(1 → 2)-α-D-Manp-(1 → 3)-β-D-Glcp-(1 → 3,6)-β-D-Glcp-(1→. The findings indicate that this natural acidic polysaccharide has potential for non-small cell lung cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xilin Wan
- International Cooperation Research Center of China for New Germplasm and Breeding of Edible Mushrooms, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China
| | - Xin Jin
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Xinmin Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Xue Yang
- Cardiovascular Medicine and Cardiac Rehabilitation Center, Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Dongmei Lin
- Electric Diagnosis Department, Jilin Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin 132000, China
| | - Changtian Li
- International Cooperation Research Center of China for New Germplasm and Breeding of Edible Mushrooms, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Yongping Fu
- International Cooperation Research Center of China for New Germplasm and Breeding of Edible Mushrooms, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Yang Liu
- International Cooperation Research Center of China for New Germplasm and Breeding of Edible Mushrooms, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Xinze Liu
- Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China
| | - Jianhua Lv
- International Cooperation Research Center of China for New Germplasm and Breeding of Edible Mushrooms, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Andrey A Gontcharov
- Institute of Biology and Soil Science, FEB RAS, 100-letia Vladivostoka Prospect, 159, Vladivostok 690022, Russia
| | - Hongmei Yang
- Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China
| | - Qi Wang
- International Cooperation Research Center of China for New Germplasm and Breeding of Edible Mushrooms, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.
| | - Yu Li
- International Cooperation Research Center of China for New Germplasm and Breeding of Edible Mushrooms, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.
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41
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Structure characterization of an arabinogalactan from Cynanchum atratum and its immune stimulatory activity on RAW264.7 cells. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 194:163-171. [PMID: 34861274 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.11.172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Revised: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, a water-soluble neutral polysaccharide (CAPW-1) with an average molecular weight of 64 kDa was purified from the root of Cynanchum atratum Bunge (Apocynaceae). The monosaccharide residue analysis revealed that CAPW-1 was composed of arabinose and galactose with a relative molar ratio of 7: 3. The backbone of CAPW-1 was consisted of 1,3-Galp and 1,3,6-Galp, the branches were attached to the O-6 of 1,3-Galp, and the side chains contained 1,6-Galp, 1,3,6-Galp, 1,5-linked, 1,3-linked, 1,3,5-linked, and terminal-Araf, which was attached to the O-3 of side 1,6-Galp. The bioactivity study indicated CAPW-1 could stimulate the proliferation of RAW264.7 cells and promote the secretion of nitric oxide (NO), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) with no cytotoxicity. The results suggested a potential application of CAPW-1 as an immunostimulant for the treatment of diseases such as infection and tumor.
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42
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Geng XQ, Pan LC, Sun HQ, Ren YY, Zhu ZY. Structural characterization of a polysaccharide from Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench (okra) and its hypoglycemic effect and mechanism on type 2 diabetes mellitus. Food Funct 2022; 13:11973-11985. [DOI: 10.1039/d2fo02575b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
A novel acidic polysaccharide named AeP-P-1 was prepared from Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench (okra).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Qing Geng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, 300457, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, P.R. China
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, P.R. China
| | - Li-Chao Pan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, P.R. China
- School of Life Sciences and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, PR China
| | - Hui-Qing Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, 300457, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, P.R. China
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, P.R. China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Ren
- College of Life Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, 434023, PR China
| | - Zhen-Yuan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, 300457, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, P.R. China
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, P.R. China
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43
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Zhang C, Kim E, Cui J, Wang Y, Lee Y, Zhang G. Influence of the ecological environment on the structural characteristics and bioactivities of polysaccharides from alfalfa ( Medicago sativa L.). Food Funct 2022; 13:7029-7045. [DOI: 10.1039/d2fo00371f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Polysaccharides from alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) (APS) exhibit a variety of bioactivities; however, little information is available on the effects of the ecological environment on the structural characteristics and bioactivities of APS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongyu Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and China-Korea Joint R&D center on Plant-derived polysaccharide, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Taian City 271018, China
| | - Eunyoung Kim
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, and Korea-China Joint R&D center on Plant-derived polysaccharide, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, South Korea
| | - Jiamei Cui
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, and Korea-China Joint R&D center on Plant-derived polysaccharide, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, South Korea
| | - Yunpeng Wang
- Department of Nutrition and China-Korea Joint R&D center on Plant-derived polysaccharide, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Taian City 271018, China
| | - Yunkyoung Lee
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, and Korea-China Joint R&D center on Plant-derived polysaccharide, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, South Korea
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Advanced Convergence Technology & Science, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, South Korea
| | - Guiguo Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and China-Korea Joint R&D center on Plant-derived polysaccharide, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Taian City 271018, China
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44
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Lei Z, Chen X, Cao F, Guo Q, Wang J. Phytochemicals and bioactivities of Goji (
Lycium barbarum
L. and
Lycium chinense
Mill.) leaves and their potential applications in the food industry: a review. Int J Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.15507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zilun Lei
- Department of Food Science and Engineering College of Light Industry and Food Engineering Nanjing Forestry University Nanjing 210037 China
| | - Xianqiang Chen
- Department of Food Science and Engineering College of Light Industry and Food Engineering Nanjing Forestry University Nanjing 210037 China
| | - Fuliang Cao
- Co‐innovation Center for the Sustainable Forestry in Southern China College of Forestry Nanjing Forestry University Nanjing 210037 China
| | - Qirong Guo
- Co‐innovation Center for the Sustainable Forestry in Southern China College of Forestry Nanjing Forestry University Nanjing 210037 China
| | - Jiahong Wang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering College of Light Industry and Food Engineering Nanjing Forestry University Nanjing 210037 China
- Co‐innovation Center for the Sustainable Forestry in Southern China College of Forestry Nanjing Forestry University Nanjing 210037 China
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45
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Polysaccharide extracted from Althaea officinalis L. root: New studies of structural, rheological and antioxidant properties. Carbohydr Res 2021; 510:108438. [PMID: 34597979 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2021.108438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
A water-soluble acidic polysaccharide (AOP-2) from Althaea officinalis L. root was isolated by water extraction and purified by ion exchange chromatography (Cellulose DEAE-52) and gel filtration (Sephadex G-200). The structure characteristics of AOP-2 was determined by gel permeation chromatography (GPC), high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectrum and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC_MS). The results indicated that the AOP-2 was an acidic hetropolysaccharide with the molecular weight of 639.27 kDa. The AOP-2 composed of 51% galacturonic acid, 32.56% rhamnose, 12.73% glucose and 3.71% galactose. It could be found that the main backbone chain of AOP-2 consisted of →3)-α-D-GalpA-(1→, →3)-α-D-Rhap-(1→ and→3,4)-β-D-Galp-(1→ with branches of →4)-α-D-Rhap-(1→, →4)-α-D-Glcp-(1→ and α-D-Rhap-(1 → . Thermal analysis revealed that the AOP-2 had high thermal stability and according to the results obtained from XRD analysis, it had a semi-crystalline structure. The results of Steady-shear flow and dynamical viscoelasticity showed that AOP-2 solutions exhibited shear-thinning behavior with high viscosity and a weak gel-like behavior at concentrations above 1% in linear viscoelastic region. In addition, it showed relatively high antioxidant property.
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46
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Liang R, Zhao Q, Zhu Q, He X, Gao M, Wang Y. Lycium barbarum polysaccharide protects ARPE‑19 cells against H 2O 2‑induced oxidative stress via the Nrf2/HO‑1 pathway. Mol Med Rep 2021; 24:769. [PMID: 34490478 PMCID: PMC8436232 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.12409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a global health problem. Lycium barbarum polysaccharide (LBP), a traditional Chinese herbal medicine, has been proven to be effective against several eye diseases. However, only a few studies have investigated the effectiveness of LBP for AMD. In the present study, the human retinal epithelial cell line, ARPE-19, was pretreated with LBP for 24 h before exposure to H2O2 (500 µM). Cell viability was assessed, and a series of oxidative and antioxidant indicators were evaluated to determine the influence of LBP on H2O2-triggered oxidative stress. The present study also determined the apoptosis status, as well as the expression levels of apoptotic proteins and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) pathway proteins. The present study aimed to determine the protective role for LBP pretreatment and its underlying molecular mechanism. The results of the present study suggest that pretreatment of ARPE-19 cells with LBP exhibit high efficacy at reducing oxidative damage and inhibiting cell apoptosis. Furthermore, LBP may modulate the expression of proteins involved in the apoptotic pathway and activate the Nrf2 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Liang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116021, P.R. China
| | - Qi Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116021, P.R. China
| | - Qing Zhu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116021, P.R. China
| | - Xin He
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116021, P.R. China
| | - Mingjun Gao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116021, P.R. China
| | - Yiru Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116021, P.R. China
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47
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Mingda H, Jun G, Ziqi L, Yu S, Shuyong L. Antioxidant and Immunomodulatory Activities In Vitro of a Neutral Polysaccharide from Ginger (
Zingiber Officinale). STARCH-STARKE 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/star.202100048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hou Mingda
- P. E. Scientific College Harbin Normal University Harbin 150025 China
| | - Gao Jun
- P. E. Scientific College Harbin Normal University Harbin 150025 China
| | - Liu Ziqi
- Institute Genetics and Developmental Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China
| | - Shan Yu
- Physical Education, South China Agriculture University Guangzhou 510640 China
| | - Liu Shuyong
- P. E. Scientific College Harbin Normal University Harbin 150025 China
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48
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Wang Y, Sun M, Jin H, Yang J, Kang S, Liu Y, Yang S, Ma S, Ni J. Effects of Lycium barbarum Polysaccharides on Immunity and the Gut Microbiota in Cyclophosphamide-Induced Immunosuppressed Mice. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:701566. [PMID: 34421857 PMCID: PMC8377584 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.701566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanism of immunoregulation by Lycium barbarum polysaccharides (LBPs) was assessed by studying the effect of LBP on the immunity and the gut microbiota. LBP isolated and purified in this study was composed of nine monosaccharides, with an Mw 1,207 kDa. LBP showed immunomodulatory activity in cyclophosphamide (Cy)-treated mice by restoring the damaged immune organs and adjusting the T lymphocyte subsets. We also found that LBP increased the diversity of the gut microbiota and the relative abundances of bacteria, such as Rickenellaceae, Prevotellaceae, Bifidobacteriaceae, and so on, which were positively associated with immune traits. In addition, Caco2 cells model was used to explore the intestinal absorption of LBP. Results showed that LBP was hardly absorbed in the intestine, which suggesting that most LBP may interact with gut microbiota. These findings suggest that the immune response induced by LBP is associated with the regulation of the gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- Institute for Control of Chinese Traditional Medicine and Ethnic Medicine, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
| | - Mingyi Sun
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Hongyu Jin
- Institute for Control of Chinese Traditional Medicine and Ethnic Medicine, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
| | - Jianbo Yang
- Institute for Control of Chinese Traditional Medicine and Ethnic Medicine, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
| | - Shuai Kang
- Institute for Control of Chinese Traditional Medicine and Ethnic Medicine, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Liu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Shuang Yang
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Shuangcheng Ma
- Institute for Control of Chinese Traditional Medicine and Ethnic Medicine, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Ni
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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49
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Xiao Z, Deng Q, Zhou W, Zhang Y. Immune activities of polysaccharides isolated from Lycium barbarum L. What do we know so far? Pharmacol Ther 2021; 229:107921. [PMID: 34174277 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2021.107921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Lycium barbarum is widely used as a functional food and medicinal herb to promote health and longevity in China and in some other Asian countries. In modern pharmacological and chemical studies, the most valuable and well-researched component of L. barbarum is a group of unique water-soluble glycoconjugates that are collectively termed Lycium barbarum polysaccharides (LBPs). Numerous modern pharmacological studies have revealed that LBPs possess antiaging, antidiabetic, antifibrotic, neuroprotective, and immunomodulation properties, while the immunomodulatory effect is primary and is involved in other activities. However, due to their structural heterogeneity and lack of chromophores, it has long been unclear how LBPs work on the immune system. A few studies have recently provided some insights into the proposed mode of action of LBPs, such as structure-activity relationships, receptor recognition, and gut microbiota modulation of LBPs. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the immunoregulating properties of LBPs and their related mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyong Xiao
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China; State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing 100850, China; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Qi Deng
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China; State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing 100850, China; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Wenxia Zhou
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China; State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing 100850, China.
| | - Yongxiang Zhang
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China; State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing 100850, China.
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50
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Abstract
Wolfberry Lycium, an economically important genus of the Solanaceae family, contains approximately 80 species and shows a fragmented distribution pattern among the Northern and Southern Hemispheres. Although several herbaceous species of Solanaceae have been subjected to genome sequencing, thus far, no genome sequences of woody representatives have been available. Here, we sequenced the genomes of 13 perennial woody species of Lycium, with a focus on Lycium barbarum. Integration with other genomes provides clear evidence supporting a whole-genome triplication (WGT) event shared by all hitherto sequenced solanaceous plants, which occurred shortly after the divergence of Solanaceae and Convolvulaceae. We identified new gene families and gene family expansions and contractions that first appeared in Solanaceae. Based on the identification of self-incompatibility related-gene families, we inferred that hybridization hotspots are enriched for genes that might be functioning in gametophytic self-incompatibility pathways in wolfberry. Extremely low expression of LOCULE NUBER (LC) and COLORLESS NON-RIPENING (CNR) orthologous genes during Lycium fruit development and ripening processes suggests functional diversification of these two genes between Lycium and tomato. The existence of additional flowering locus C-like MADS-box genes might correlate with the perennial flowering cycle of Lycium. Differential gene expression involved in the lignin biosynthetic pathway between Lycium and tomato likely illustrates woody and herbaceous differentiation. We also provide evidence that Lycium migrated from Africa into Asia, and subsequently from Asia into North America. Our results provide functional insights into Solanaceae origins, evolution and diversification.
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