1
|
Shi Q, Li X, He J, Ye D, Tang H, Xuan J, Tang Y, Zhang Y, Zhang Y. Effects of Auricularia auricula-judae (Bull.) Quél. polysaccharide acid hydrolysate on glucose metabolism in diabetic mice under oxidative stress. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 128:155485. [PMID: 38640854 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxidative stress can lead to uncontrolled glucose metabolism and, thus, diabetes. Auricularia auricula-judae (Bull.) Quél. polysaccharides possess biological activities, such as antioxidant and hypoglycemic effects, but their mechanism of their acid hydrolysates on oxidative stress-injured glucose metabolism disorders is unclear. PURPOSE Using diabetic mice, we investigated the effect of the acid hydrolysate of polysaccharides from Auricularia auricula-judae (Bull.) Quél. on improving diabetes. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS The structural information of sample polysaccharides was measured by high performance gel permeation chromatography, nuclear magnetic resolution, and high performance liquid chromatography. The diabetic model was established by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin. For eight consecutive weeks, the mice were orally administered sample polysaccharides (100, 200, and 300 mg/kg b.w. per day) for intervention. The improvement effect of the samples on diabetes was explored by detecting the changes in biochemical indicators in mice, and the underlying mechanism was studied by transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis. RESULTS The results showed that acid hydrolysate of Auricularia auricula-judae (Bull.) Quél. polysaccharides consisted mainly of mannose, xylose, glucuronic acid, and glucose; its weight-averaged molecular weight was 6.3842 × 104 Dalton, its number average molecular weight was 2.9594 × 104 Dalton; and the molecule contained α-Glc(1→4)-, β-Glc(1→3)-, and β-Man(1→4)-linked glycosidic bonds. A total of 100 mg/kg b.w. per day sample was the best intervention concentration. After eight weeks of intervention, the sample polysaccharides significantly reduced dynamic blood glucose and serum lipids, enhanced antioxidant enzyme activities, promoted glucagon like peptide-1 and insulin secretion, improved insulin sensitivity and alleviated insulin resistance in diabetic mice. Transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses showed that sample polysaccharides was able to ameliorate disorders of glucose metabolism by modulating gene expression such as glucokinase; and modulate the state of oxidative stress in mice in vivo by regulating the glutathione metabolism pathway. CONCLUSION Acid hydrolysate of Auricularia auricula-judae (Bull.) Quél. polysaccharides improved glucose metabolism disorders by slowing down the oxidative stress injury in mice, thereby alleviating diabetes. This study provided a basis for determining the underlying mechanism of the antidiabetic effect of Auricularia auricula-judae (Bull.) Quél. polysaccharides, which would significantly improve the deep development and application of these materials in diabetes control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qianwen Shi
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Specialty Agri-product Quality and Hazard Controlling Technology of Zhejiang Province, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310018, China
| | - Xiangyu Li
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Specialty Agri-product Quality and Hazard Controlling Technology of Zhejiang Province, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310018, China
| | - Jiyuan He
- Liang Xin College, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310018, China
| | - Deting Ye
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Specialty Agri-product Quality and Hazard Controlling Technology of Zhejiang Province, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310018, China
| | - Huinan Tang
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Specialty Agri-product Quality and Hazard Controlling Technology of Zhejiang Province, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310018, China
| | - Jinjie Xuan
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Specialty Agri-product Quality and Hazard Controlling Technology of Zhejiang Province, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310018, China
| | - Yuxuan Tang
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Specialty Agri-product Quality and Hazard Controlling Technology of Zhejiang Province, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310018, China
| | - Yakun Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Specialty Agri-product Quality and Hazard Controlling Technology of Zhejiang Province, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310018, China
| | - Yongjun Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Specialty Agri-product Quality and Hazard Controlling Technology of Zhejiang Province, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310018, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ma G, Li X, Tao Q, Ma S, Du H, Hu Q, Xiao H. Impacts of preparation technologies on biological activities of edible mushroom polysaccharides - novel insights for personalized nutrition achievement. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2024:1-23. [PMID: 38821105 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2024.2352796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
Edible mushroom polysaccharides (EMPs) as a natural macromolecular carbohydrate have a very complex structure and composition. EMPs are considered ideal candidates for developing healthy products and functional foods and have received significant research attention due to their unique physiological activities such as immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor/cancer, gut microbiota regulation, metabolism improvement, and nervous system protection. The structure and monosaccharide composition of edible mushroom polysaccharides have an unknown relationship with their functional activity, which has not been widely studied. Therefore, we summarized the preparation techniques of EMPs and discussed the association between functional activity, preparation methods, structure and composition of EMPs, laying a theoretical foundation for the personalized nutritional achievements of EMP. We also establish the foundation for the further investigation and application of EMPs as novel functional foods and healthy products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gaoxing Ma
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyi Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Tao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Sai Ma
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hengjun Du
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Qiuhui Hu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hang Xiao
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Lin H, Han R, Wu W. Glucans and applications in drug delivery. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 332:121904. [PMID: 38431411 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.121904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Glucan is a natural polysaccharide widely distributed in cereals and microorganisms that has various biological activities, including immunomodulatory, anti-infective, anti-inflammatory, and antitumor activities. In addition to wide applications in the broad fields of food, healthcare, and biomedicines, glucans hold promising potential as drug delivery carrier materials or ligands. Specifically, glucan microparticles or yeast cell wall particles are naturally enclosed vehicles with an interior cavity that can be exploited to carry and deliver drug payloads. The biological activities and targeting capacities of glucans depend largely on the recognition of glucan moieties by receptors such as dectin-1 and complement receptor 3, which are widely expressed on the cell membranes of mononuclear phagocytes, dendritic cells, neutrophils, and some lymphocytes. This review summarizes the chemical structures, sources, fundamental properties, extraction methods, and applications of these materials, with an emphasis on drug delivery. Glucans are utilized mainly as vaccine adjuvants, targeting ligands and as carrier materials for various drug entities. It is believed that glucans and glucan microparticles may be useful for the delivery of both small-molecule and macromolecular drugs, especially for potential treatment of immune-related diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hewei Lin
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery of MOE, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Rongze Han
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery of MOE, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Wei Wu
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery of MOE, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China; Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200443, China; Center for Medical Research and Innovation, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai 201399, China; Fudan Zhangjiang Institute, Shanghai 201203, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhang X, Wang J, Zhang T, Li S, Liu J, Li M, Lu J, Zhang M, Chen H. Updated Progress on Polysaccharides with Anti-Diabetic Effects through the Regulation of Gut Microbiota: Sources, Mechanisms, and Structure-Activity Relationships. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:456. [PMID: 38675416 PMCID: PMC11053653 DOI: 10.3390/ph17040456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a common chronic metabolic disease worldwide. The disturbance of the gut microbiota has a complex influence on the development of DM. Polysaccharides are one type of the most important natural components with anti-diabetic effects. Gut microbiota can participate in the fermentation of polysaccharides, and through this, polysaccharides regulate the gut microbiota and improve DM. This review begins by a summary of the sources, anti-diabetic effects and the gut microbiota regulation functions of natural polysaccharides. Then, the mechanisms of polysaccharides in regulating the gut microbiota to exert anti-diabetic effects and the structure-activity relationship are summarized. It is found that polysaccharides from plants, fungi, and marine organisms show great hypoglycemic activities and the gut microbiota regulation functions. The mechanisms mainly include repairing the gut burrier, reshaping gut microbiota composition, changing the metabolites, regulating anti-inflammatory activity and immune function, and regulating the signal pathways. Structural characteristics of polysaccharides, such as monosaccharide composition, molecular weight, and type of glycosidic linkage, show great influence on the anti-diabetic activity of polysaccharides. This review provides a reference for the exploration and development of the anti-diabetic effects of polysaccharides.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery and High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (X.Z.); (J.W.); (T.Z.); (S.L.); (J.L.); (M.L.); (J.L.)
| | - Jia Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery and High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (X.Z.); (J.W.); (T.Z.); (S.L.); (J.L.); (M.L.); (J.L.)
| | - Tingting Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery and High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (X.Z.); (J.W.); (T.Z.); (S.L.); (J.L.); (M.L.); (J.L.)
| | - Shuqin Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery and High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (X.Z.); (J.W.); (T.Z.); (S.L.); (J.L.); (M.L.); (J.L.)
| | - Junyu Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery and High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (X.Z.); (J.W.); (T.Z.); (S.L.); (J.L.); (M.L.); (J.L.)
| | - Mingyue Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery and High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (X.Z.); (J.W.); (T.Z.); (S.L.); (J.L.); (M.L.); (J.L.)
| | - Jingyang Lu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery and High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (X.Z.); (J.W.); (T.Z.); (S.L.); (J.L.); (M.L.); (J.L.)
| | - Min Zhang
- China-Russia Agricultural Processing Joint Laboratory, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300384, China;
- State Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Haixia Chen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery and High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (X.Z.); (J.W.); (T.Z.); (S.L.); (J.L.); (M.L.); (J.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Gong P, Pei S, Long H, Yang W, Yao W, Li N, Wang J, Zhao Y, Chen F, Xie J, Guo Y. Potential inhibitory effect of Auricularia auricula polysaccharide on advanced glycation end-products (AGEs). Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 262:129856. [PMID: 38423908 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
In this study, a novel polysaccharide, AAP-2S, was extracted from Auricularia auricula, and the anti-glycosylation effect of AAP-2S and its underlying mechanisms were investigated using an in vitro BSA-fructose model and a cellular model. The results demonstrated the inhibiting formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) in vitro by AAP-2S. Concurrently, it attenuated oxidative damage to proteins in the model, preserved protein sulfhydryl groups from oxidation, reduced protein carbonylation, prevented structural alterations in proteins, and decreased the formation of β-crosslinked structures. Furthermore, AAP-2S demonstrated metal-chelating capabilities. GC-MS/MS-based metabolomics were employed to analyze changes in metabolic profiles induced by AAP-2S in a CML-induced HK-2 cell model. Mechanistic investigations revealed that AAP-2S could mitigate glycosylation and ameliorate cell fibrosis by modulating the RAGE/TGF-β/NOX4 pathway. This study provides a foundational framework for further exploration of Auricularia auricular polysaccharide as a natural anti-AGEs agent, paving the way for its potential development and application as a food additive.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pin Gong
- School of Food science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China; School of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China.
| | - Shuya Pei
- School of Food science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China; School of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Hui Long
- School of Food science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China; School of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Wenjuan Yang
- School of Food science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China; School of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Wenbo Yao
- School of Food science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China; School of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Nan Li
- School of Food science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China; School of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Jing Wang
- School of Food science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China; School of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Yanni Zhao
- School of Food science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China; School of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Fuxin Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Jianwu Xie
- School of Food science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China; School of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Yuxi Guo
- School of Food science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China; School of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Chen S, Qin F, Yang Y, Zhao Y, Xiao S, Li W, Akihisa T, Jantrawut P, Ji J, Zhang J. Extraction, purification, structural characterization, and bioactivities of the genus Schisandra polysaccharides: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 262:130257. [PMID: 38423904 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
The genus Schisandra, a member of the Magnoliaceae family, is a well-known tonic traditional Chinese medicine with a long history of traditional medicinal and functional food used in China. Polysaccharides are one of its main active constituents, which have a wide range of bioactivities, such as anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, neuroprotection, anti-diabetes, hepatoprotection, immunomodulation, and anti-fatigue. In this paper, we review the extraction, isolation, purification, structural characterization, bioactivities, as well as structure-activity relationship of polysaccharides from the genus Schisandra. In conclusion, we hope that this review could provide reference for the subsequent research on structural, bioactivities, development and application of the genus Schisandra polysaccharides.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shujun Chen
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211112, China
| | - Fang Qin
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211112, China
| | - Ying Yang
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211112, China
| | - Yu Zhao
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211112, China
| | - Shuyun Xiao
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211112, China
| | - Wei Li
- Osaka University of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 4-20-1 Nasahara, Takatsuki, Osaka, 569-1094, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Akihisa
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211112, China; Research Institute for Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Pensak Jantrawut
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Ching Mai University, Ching Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Jingyu Ji
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211112, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211112, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Yang SH, Wang XL, Zhang HN, Zhu LF, Qu SH, Zhang MY, Zhang H, Liu PF. Phosphorylation Modification, Structural Characterization, Antioxidant and DNA Protection Capacities of Polysaccharides from Asarum Sieboldii Miq. Chem Biodivers 2024; 21:e202301781. [PMID: 38146649 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202301781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
Polysaccharide from Asarum sieboldii Miq (ASP) was extracted and five phosphorylation polysaccharides with different degree of substitution were obtained, namely ASPP1, ASPP2, ASPP3, ASPP4, and ASPP5 (ASPPs). The physical and chemical structure and biological activities were studied. The results suggested that the carbohydrate and protein content were reduced while uronic acid was increased after phosphorylation modification. The molecular weight of ASPPs was significantly lower than that of ASP. ASPPs were acidic heteropolysaccharides mainly composed of galacturonic acid, galactose, glucose, fructose, and arabinose. The UV-vis spectrum indicated that the polysaccharides did not contain nucleic acid or protein after modification. The Fourier transform infrared spectrum demonstrated that ASPPs contained characteristic absorption peaks of P=O and P-O-C near 1270 and 980 cm-1 . ASPPs presented a triple helix conformation, but it was not presented in ASP. The scanning electron microscopy analysis showed that the surface topography and particle structure of ASP were different after modification. Compared with ASP, ASPPs enhanced the activity to scavenge DPPH and ABTS free radicals and possessed more protective ability to DNA oxidation caused by OH⋅, GS⋅, and AAPH free radicals. These results suggest that chemical modification is beneficial for the exploitation and utilization of natural polysaccharides.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shun-He Yang
- College of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural University/Flavors and Fragrance Engineering & Technology Research Center of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China, 450046
| | - Xiao-Li Wang
- College of Animal Medicine, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, China, 450046
| | - Hao-Nan Zhang
- College of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural University/Flavors and Fragrance Engineering & Technology Research Center of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China, 450046
| | - Li-Fei Zhu
- College of Animal Medicine, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, China, 450046
| | - Shu-Hao Qu
- College of Animal Medicine, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, China, 450046
| | - Ming-Yue Zhang
- College of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural University/Flavors and Fragrance Engineering & Technology Research Center of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China, 450046
| | - Hong Zhang
- College of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural University/Flavors and Fragrance Engineering & Technology Research Center of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China, 450046
| | - Peng-Fei Liu
- College of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural University/Flavors and Fragrance Engineering & Technology Research Center of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China, 450046
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Chen X, Liu Y, Ren L, Dai X, Zhao J, Gao C, Zhang S, Dong J, Zhao Z, Li Y, Wang J, Zhao H, Gong G, He X, Bian Y. Extraction, purification, structural characteristics and biological properties of the polysaccharides from Armillaria mellea (Vahl) P. Kumm.: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 259:129175. [PMID: 38181916 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.129175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
Armillaria mellea (Vahl) P. Kumm. is a well-known homoeopathic plant with medicinal and culinary uses. Modern phytochemical researchers have successfully extracted and purified over 40 types of A. mellea polysaccharides (AMPs) from the fruiting bodies, hyphae and fermentation broth of A. mellea, and some of them have been analyzed and identified by their chemical structures. The impressive biological activity of these polysaccharides has been recognized by scientists worldwide. Many studies show that AMPs have remarkable antioxidant, anti-diabetic, anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, immunoregulatory, hypolipidemic, thrombectomy, anti-aging, pulmonary protective, hepatic protective, anti-Alzheimer's properties, etc. However, the current understanding of the relationships between their chemical structure and biological activity, toxicological effects and pharmacokinetics remains limited. This article provides a systematic review of the research conducted over the past decades on the extraction and purification methods, structural characteristics, biological activity and mechanism of action of AMPs. The aim is to provide a research base that will benefit the future application of AMPs as therapeutic drugs and functional foods, and also provide insights for the further development of AMPs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xufei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Modern Biotechnology in Western China, College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China
| | - Yinghai Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, General Hospital of the Western Theater Command of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Chengdu, Sichuan 610036, China
| | - Ling Ren
- Department of Anesthesiology, General Hospital of the Western Theater Command of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Chengdu, Sichuan 610036, China
| | - Xufen Dai
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Modern Biotechnology in Western China, College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China
| | - Juanjuan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Modern Biotechnology in Western China, College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China
| | - Chunli Gao
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Modern Biotechnology in Western China, College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China
| | - Shengxiang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Modern Biotechnology in Western China, College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China
| | - Jianhui Dong
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Modern Biotechnology in Western China, College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China
| | - Zeyuan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Modern Biotechnology in Western China, College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China
| | - Yanfeng Li
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Modern Biotechnology in Western China, College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China
| | - Jia Wang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Modern Biotechnology in Western China, College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China
| | - Hui Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Modern Biotechnology in Western China, College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China
| | - Gu Gong
- Department of Anesthesiology, General Hospital of the Western Theater Command of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Chengdu, Sichuan 610036, China
| | - Xirui He
- School of Bioengineering, Zhuhai Campus, Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519041, China.
| | - Yangyang Bian
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Modern Biotechnology in Western China, College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Kang L, Li Q, Jing Y, Ren F, Li E, Zeng X, Xu Y, Wang D, Wang Q, Sun G, Wei L, Diao Y. Auricularia auricula Anionic Polysaccharide Nanoparticles for Gastrointestinal Delivery of Pinus koraiensis Polyphenol Used in Bone Protection under Weightlessness. Molecules 2024; 29:245. [PMID: 38202827 PMCID: PMC10780251 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29010245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Auricularia auricula polysaccharides used in Pinus koraiensis polyphenol encapsulation and delivery under weightlessness are rarely reported. In this study, an anionic polysaccharide fragment named AAP Iα with a molecular weight of 133.304 kDa was isolated and purified to construct a polyphenol encapsulation system. Nanoparticles named NPs-PP loaded with a rough surface for Pinus koraiensis polyphenol (PP) delivery were fabricated by AAP Iα and ε-poly-L-lysine (ε-PL). SEM and the DLS tracking method were used to observe continuous changes in AAP Iα, ε-PL and PP on the nanoparticles' rough surface assembly, as well as the dispersion and stability. Hydrophilic, monodisperse and highly negative charged nanoparticles can be formed at AAP Iα 0.8 mg/mL, ε-PL 20 μg/mL and PP 80 μg/mL. FT-IR was used to determine their electrostatic interactions. Release kinetic studies showed that nanoparticles had an ideal gastrointestinal delivery effect. NPs-PP loaded were assembled through electrostatic interactions between polyelectrolytes after hydrogen bonding formation in PP-AAP Iα and PP-ε-PL, respectively. Colon adhesion properties and PP delivery in vivo of nanoparticles showed that NPs-PP loaded had high adhesion efficiency to the colonic mucosa under simulated microgravity and could enhance PP bioavailability. These results suggest that AAP Iα can be used in PP encapsulation and delivery under microgravity in astronaut food additives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Kang
- College of Life Science, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637009, China (Y.J.); (F.R.)
| | - Qiao Li
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150000, China (E.L.)
| | - Yonghui Jing
- College of Life Science, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637009, China (Y.J.); (F.R.)
| | - Feiyan Ren
- College of Life Science, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637009, China (Y.J.); (F.R.)
| | - Erzhuo Li
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150000, China (E.L.)
| | - Xiangyin Zeng
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150000, China (E.L.)
| | - Yier Xu
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150000, China (E.L.)
| | - Dongwei Wang
- College of Life Science, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637009, China (Y.J.); (F.R.)
| | - Qiang Wang
- College of Life Science, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637009, China (Y.J.); (F.R.)
| | - Guicai Sun
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, China
| | - Lijun Wei
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150000, China (E.L.)
| | - Yan Diao
- College of Life Science, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637009, China (Y.J.); (F.R.)
- Collaboration Innovation Center for Tissue Repair Material Engineering Technology, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637002, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Cheng L, Yang Q, Li C, Zheng J, Wang Y, Duan B. Preparation, structural characterization, bioactivities, and applications of Crataegus spp. polysaccharides: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:126671. [PMID: 37689285 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
Crataegus, is a genus within the Rosaceae family. It is recognized as a valuable plant with both medicinal and edible qualities, earning it the epithet of the "nutritious fruit" owing to its abundant bioactive compounds. Polysaccharides are carbohydrate polymers linked by glycosidic bonds, one of the crucial bioactive ingredients of Crataegus spp. Recently, Crataegus spp. polysaccharides (CPs) have garnered considerable attention due to their diverse range of bioactivities, including prebiotic, hypolipidemic, anticancer, antibacterial, antioxidant, and immunobiological properties. Herein, we provide a comprehensive overview of recent research on CPs. The analysis revealed that CPs exhibited a broad molecular weight distribution, ranging from 5.70 Da to 4.76 × 108 Da, and are composed of various monosaccharide constituents such as mannose, rhamnose, and arabinose. Structure-activity relationships demonstrated that the biological function of CPs is closely associated with their molecular weight, galacturonic acid content, and chemical modifications. Additionally, CPs have excellent bioavailability, biocompatibility, and biodegradability, which make them promising candidates for applications in the food, medicine, and cosmetic industries. The article also scrutinized the potential development and future research directions of CPs. Overall, this article provides comprehensive knowledge and underpinnings of CPs for future research and development as therapeutic agents and multifunctional food additives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Cheng
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Dali University, Dali 671000, China
| | - Qiuli Yang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Dali University, Dali 671000, China
| | - Chaohai Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Dali University, Dali 671000, China
| | - Jiamei Zheng
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Dali University, Dali 671000, China
| | | | - Baozhong Duan
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Dali University, Dali 671000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
He G, Yan J, Liang L, Liu W, Chen S, Chen P. Characterization and biological activities of polysaccharides extracted from Auricularia auricula with different extraction methods. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2023:1-13. [PMID: 38149618 DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2023.2297689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Polysaccharides derived from Auricularia auricula exhibit diverse biological activities and hold significant potential for commercial utilization as functional food ingredients. In this investigation, polysaccharides from A. auricula were obtained using six extraction techniques (ammonium oxalate solution extraction, sodium hydroxide solution extraction, hot water extraction, pectinase and cellulase-assisted extraction, ultrasonic-assisted extraction, and microwave-assisted extraction). Subsequently, a comprehensive comparison was conducted to evaluate their physicochemical properties and biological functionalities. The ammonium oxalate solution extraction method yielded a higher extraction rate (11.76%) and polysaccharide content (84.12%), as well as a higher uronic acid content (10.13%). Although the six Auricularia polysaccharides had different molecular weight distributions, monosaccharide molar ratios, similar monosaccharide compositions, and characteristic functional groups of polysaccharides, they exhibited different surface morphology. In vitro assays showed that polysaccharides extracted by ammonium oxalate solution possessed good scavenging ability against DPPH free radical, hydroxyl free radical and superoxide anion free radical as well as reduction power of iron ion. At the same time, both polysaccharides extracted by ammonium oxalate solution and sodium hydroxide solution promoted NO production in mouse macrophages along with the secretion of cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6. These results indicated significant differences in the structure and characteristics among Auricularia polysaccharides prepared by various extraction methods, which may be related to the variety or origin of A. auricula; furthermore, their bioactivities varied accordingly in vitro assays where the ammonium oxalate solution extraction method was found more beneficial for obtaining high-quality bioactive Auricularia polysaccharides.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gang He
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal and Edible Plants Resources Development of Sichuan Education Department, Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jun Yan
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal and Edible Plants Resources Development of Sichuan Education Department, Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Liang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal and Edible Plants Resources Development of Sichuan Education Department, Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal and Edible Plants Resources Development of Sichuan Education Department, Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Sizhu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal and Edible Plants Resources Development of Sichuan Education Department, Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Peng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal and Edible Plants Resources Development of Sichuan Education Department, Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Heng BL, Wu FY, Liu JH, Ouyang JM. Antioxidant Activity of Auricularia auricula Polysaccharides with Different Molecular Weights and Cytotoxicity Difference of Polysaccharides Regulated CaOx to HK-2 Cells. Bioinorg Chem Appl 2023; 2023:9968886. [PMID: 38161486 PMCID: PMC10757664 DOI: 10.1155/2023/9968886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to investigate the growth of calcium oxalate (CaOx) crystals regulated by Auricularia auricular polysaccharides (AAPs) with different viscosity-average molecular weights (Mv), the toxicity of AAP-regulated CaOx crystals toward HK-2 cells, and the prevention and treatment capabilities of AAPs for CaOx stones. Methods The scavenging capability and reducing capacity of four kinds of AAPs (Mv of 31.52, 11.82, 5.86, and 3.34 kDa) on hydroxyl, ABTS, and DPPH free radicals and their capability to chelate divalent iron ions were detected. AAP-regulated CaOx crystals were evaluated by using zeta potential, thermogravimetric analysis, X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy. The cytotoxicity of AAP-regulated crystals was evaluated through examination of cell viability, cell death, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, and cell surface hyaluronic acid (HA) expression. Results The in vitro antioxidant activities of the four AAPs were observed in the following order: AAP0 < AAP1 < AAP2 < AAP3. Thus, AAP3, which had the smallest Mv, had the strongest antioxidant activity. AAPs can inhibit the growth of CaOx monohydrate (COM), induce the formation of CaOx dihydrate (COD), and reduce the degree of crystal aggregation, with AAP3 exhibiting the strongest capability. Cell experiments showed the lowest cytotoxicity in AAP3-regulated CaOx crystals, along with the lowest MDA content, HA expression, and cell mortality. In addition, COD presented less cytotoxicity than COM. Meanwhile, the cytotoxicity of blunt crystals was less than that of sharp crystals. Conclusion AAPs, particularly AAP3, showed an excellent antioxidative capability in vitro, and AAP3-regulated CaOx crystals presented minimal cytotoxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bao-Li Heng
- Yingde Center, Institute of Kidney Surgery, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Urology, People's Hospital of Yingde City, Yingde, China
| | - Fan-Yu Wu
- Yingde Center, Institute of Kidney Surgery, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Urology, People's Hospital of Yingde City, Yingde, China
| | - Jing-Hong Liu
- Institute of Biomineralization and Lithiasis Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Jian-Ming Ouyang
- Institute of Biomineralization and Lithiasis Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Sun L, Jiang J, Jing T, Hu D, Zhu J, Zeng Y, Pang Y, Huang D, Cheng S, Cao C. A polysaccharide NAP-3 from Naematelia aurantialba: Structural characterization and adjunctive hypoglycemic activity. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 318:121124. [PMID: 37479455 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
A novel polysaccharide (NAP-3) was isolated and purified from Naematelia aurantialba after water extraction. The structure of NAP-3, which was determined by FT-IR, HPLC, GC-MS, and NMR, indicated that NAP-3 was a homogeneous polysaccharide with the molecular weight of 428 kDa, mainly consisted of β-1, 3-D-Manp, β-1, 2, 3-D-Manp, β-D-Xylp, β-1, 4-D-Glcp, β-1, 4-D-Rhap in a molar ratio of 6.49: 1.11: 2.4: 0.13: 0.83. In vitro α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibitory assay showed that NAP-3 had a low IC50 value, which exhibited similar enzyme inhibitory activity as acarbose. NAP-3 was evaluated as an adjuvant with metformin for antidiabetic therapy in HFD/STZ-induced diabetic mice and insulin resistance HepG2 cells. The combination of NAP-3 and metformin in diabetic mice exhibited significant hypoglycemic activity, reducing body weight, serum insulin levels, glucose tolerance, insulin tolerance, and increasing antioxidant levels compared to metformin alone. The combination of NAP-3 and metformin improved oxidative stress by increasing ROS clearance, thereby enhancing glucose uptake in HepG2 cells. This study provided new data for the study of Naematelia aurantialba polysaccharides and offers a new adjuvant therapy for the treatment of diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lu Sun
- Department of Food Quality and Safety, National R&D Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine Processing, College of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Jiang Jiang
- Department of Food Quality and Safety, National R&D Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine Processing, College of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Tao Jing
- Department of Food Quality and Safety, National R&D Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine Processing, College of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Dejun Hu
- Department of Food Quality and Safety, National R&D Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine Processing, College of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Jie Zhu
- Department of Food Quality and Safety, National R&D Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine Processing, College of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Yan Zeng
- Department of Food Quality and Safety, National R&D Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine Processing, College of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Yalun Pang
- Department of Food Quality and Safety, National R&D Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine Processing, College of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Dechun Huang
- Department of Food Quality and Safety, National R&D Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine Processing, College of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Shujie Cheng
- Department of Food Quality and Safety, National R&D Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine Processing, College of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Chongjiang Cao
- Department of Food Quality and Safety, National R&D Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine Processing, College of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Zhou Y, Jia Y, Xu N, Tang L, Chang Y. Auricularia auricula-judae (Bull.) polysaccharides improve obesity in mice by regulating gut microbiota and TLR4/JNK signaling pathway. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 250:126172. [PMID: 37558018 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
Obesity has emerged as a crucial factor impacting people's lives, and gut microbiota disorders contribute to its development and progression. Auricularia auricula-judae (Bull.) polysaccharides (AAPs), a traditional functional food in Asia, exhibit potential anti-obesity effects. However, the specific mechanism still needs to be further confirmed. This study investigated the beneficial effects and specific mechanisms of AAPs on obesity. Firstly, AAPs showed significant improvements in overweight, insulin resistance, glucose and lipid metabolism disorders, and liver damage in obese mice. Additionally, AAPs ameliorated gut microbiota disorders, promoting the proliferation of beneficial bacteria like Lactobacillus and Roseburia, resulting in increased levels of SCFAs, folate, and cobalamin. Simultaneously, AAPs inhibited the growth of harmful bacteria, thereby protecting intestinal barrier function, improving endotoxemia, and decreasing the levels of inflammatory factors such as TNF-α and IL-6. Furthermore, AAPs can inhibit the TLR4/JNK signaling pathway while promoting the activation of AKT and AMPK. Importantly, our study underscored the pivotal role of gut microbiota in the anti-obesity effects of AAPs, as evidenced by fecal microbiota transplantation experiments. In conclusion, our findings elucidated that AAPs improve obesity by regulating gut microbiota and TLR4/JNK signaling pathway, offering novel perspectives for further conclusion the anti-obesity potential of AAPs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yingjun Zhou
- East China University of Science and Technology, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuezhong Jia
- East China University of Science and Technology, People's Republic of China
| | - Nuo Xu
- East China University of Science and Technology, People's Republic of China
| | - Lihua Tang
- East China University of Science and Technology, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaning Chang
- East China University of Science and Technology, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Bai C, Su F, Zhang W, Kuang H. A Systematic Review on the Research Progress on Polysaccharides from Fungal Traditional Chinese Medicine. Molecules 2023; 28:6816. [PMID: 37836659 PMCID: PMC10574063 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28196816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is a class of natural drugs with multiple components and significant therapeutic effects through multiple targets. It also originates from a wide range of sources containing plants, animals and minerals, and among them, plant-based Chinese medicine also includes fungi. Fungal traditional Chinese medicine is a medicinal resource with a long history and widespread application in China. Accumulating evidence confirms that polysaccharide is the main pharmacodynamic material on which fungal TCM is based. The purpose of the current systematic review is to summarize the extraction, isolation, structural identification, biological functions, quality control and medicinal and edible applications of polysaccharides from fungal TCM in the past three years. This paper will supplement and deepen the understanding and application of polysaccharides from fungal TCM, and propose some valuable insights for further research and development of drugs and functional foods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Haixue Kuang
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China; (C.B.); (F.S.); (W.Z.)
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Liang J, Rao ZH, Jiang SL, Wang S, Kuang HX, Xia YG. Structure of an unprecedent glucuronoxylogalactoglucomannan from fruit bodies of Auricularia auricula-judae (black woody ear). Carbohydr Polym 2023; 315:120968. [PMID: 37230634 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.120968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
An unprecedent glucuronoxylogalactoglucomannan (GXG'G″M), ME-2 (Mw, 2.60 × 105 g/mol; O-acetyl % = 16.7 %), was isolated and purified from water extracts of Auricularia auricula-judae (black woody ear). Firstly, due to much higher O-acetyl contents, we prepared its fully deacetylated products (dME-2; Mw, 2.13 × 105 g/mol) for convenient structure survey. The repeating structure-unit of dME-2 was readily proposed based on Mw determination, monosaccharide compositions, methylation analysis, free-radical degradation and 1/2D NMR spectroscopy. The dME-2 was identified as a highly branched polysaccharide with an average of 10 branches per 10 sugar backbone units. The backbone was only repeating →3)-α-Manp-(1→ residues, substituted at the C-2, C-6 and C-2,6 positions. The side chains included β-GlcAp-(1→, β-Xylp-(1→, α-Manp-(1→, α-Galp-(1→ and β-Glcp-(1→. Secondly, the complex substituted positions of O-acetyl groups in ME-2 were determined to be at C-2, C-4, C-6 and C-4,6 in the backbone and at C-2 and C-2,3 in some side chains. Finally, the anti-inflammatory activity of ME-2 was preliminarily explored on LPS-stimulated THP-1 cells. The above date not only provided the first example for structural studies of GXG'G″M type polysaccharides, but also facilitated development and application of black woody ear polysaccharides as medicinal agents or functional dietary supplements.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Liang
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, 24 Heping Road, Harbin 150040, PR China
| | - Zi-Hao Rao
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, 24 Heping Road, Harbin 150040, PR China
| | - Si-Liang Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, 24 Heping Road, Harbin 150040, PR China
| | - Shu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, 24 Heping Road, Harbin 150040, PR China
| | - Hai-Xue Kuang
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, 24 Heping Road, Harbin 150040, PR China
| | - Yong-Gang Xia
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine), Ministry of Education, 24 Heping Road, Harbin 150040, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Wang J, Yang J, Tang Z, Yu Y, Chen H, Yu Q, Zhang D, Yan C. Curculigo orchioides polysaccharide COP70-1 stimulates osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells by activating the BMP and Wnt signaling pathways. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 248:125879. [PMID: 37473884 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
The crude polysaccharide CO70 isolated from Curculigo orchioides could alleviate ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis in rats. To clarify the bioactive components, a new heteropolysaccharide (COP70-1) was purified from CO70 in this study, which was consisted of β-D-Manp-(1→, →4)-α-D-Glcp-(1→, →4)-β-D-Manp-(1→, →3,4)-β-D-Manp-(1→, →4,6)-β-D-Manp-(1→, and →4,6)-α-D-Galp-(1→. COP70-1 significantly promoted the osteoblastic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells through improving alkaline phosphatase activity, the deposition of calcium as well as up-regulating the expression of osteogenic markers (RUNX2, OSX, BSP, OCN, and OPN). Furthermore, COP70-1 stimulated the expression of critical transcription factors of the BMP and Wnt pathways, including BMP2, p-SMAD1, active-β-catenin, p-GSK-3β, and LEF-1. In addition, LDN (BMP pathway inhibitor) and DKK-1 (Wnt pathway inhibitor) suppressed the COP70-1-induced osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells. Therefore, COP70-1 was one of the bioactive constituents of C. orchioides for targeting osteoblasts to treat osteoporosis by triggering BMP/Smad and Wnt/β-catenin pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Junqiang Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zonggui Tang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yongbo Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Haiyun Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Qian Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Dawei Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Chunyan Yan
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Fan XZ, Yao F, Yin CM, Shi DF, Gao H. Mycelial biomass and intracellular polysaccharides production, characterization, and activities in Auricularia auricula-judae cultured with different carbon sources. Int J Biol Macromol 2023:125426. [PMID: 37330093 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The carbon source, an essential factor for submerged culture, affects fungal polysaccharides production, structures, and activities. This study investigated the impact of carbon sources, including glucose, fructose, sucrose, and mannose, on mycelial biomass and the production, structural characterization, and bioactivities of intracellular polysaccharides (IPS) produced by submerged culture of Auricularia auricula-judae. Results showed that mycelial biomass and IPS production varied with different carbon sources, where using glucose as the carbon source produced the highest mycelial biomass (17.22 ± 0.29 g/L) and IPS (1.62 ± 0.04 g/L). Additionally, carbon sources were found to affect the molecular weight (Mw) distributions, monosaccharide compositions, structural characterization, and activities of IPSs. IPS produced with glucose as the carbon source exhibited the best in vitro antioxidant activities and had the strongest protection against alloxan-damaged islet cells. Correlation analysis revealed that Mw correlated positively with mycelial biomass (r = 0.97) and IPS yield (r = 1.00), while IPS antioxidant activities correlated positively with Mw and negatively with mannose content; the protective activity of IPS was positively related to its reducing power. These findings indicate a critical structure-function relationship for IPS and lay the foundation for utilizing liquid-fermented A. aruicula-judae mycelia and the IPS in functional food production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiu-Zhi Fan
- Institute of Agro-Products Processing and Nuclear-Agricultural Technology, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China; Shanxi Key Laboratory of Edible Fungi for Loess Plateau, Jinzhong 030801, China
| | - Fen Yao
- Institute of Agro-Products Processing and Nuclear-Agricultural Technology, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China
| | - Chao-Min Yin
- Institute of Agro-Products Processing and Nuclear-Agricultural Technology, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China
| | - De-Fang Shi
- Institute of Agro-Products Processing and Nuclear-Agricultural Technology, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China; Shanxi Key Laboratory of Edible Fungi for Loess Plateau, Jinzhong 030801, China
| | - Hong Gao
- Institute of Agro-Products Processing and Nuclear-Agricultural Technology, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Under-forest Economy, Wuhan 430064, China.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Yu T, Wu D, Liang B, Wang J, Shang X, Wu Q. Preparation, characterization of Auricularia auricula polysaccharide-based films and application in meat preservation. Int J Biol Macromol 2023:125242. [PMID: 37301343 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In order to find a degradable biofilm,edible films of Auricularia auricula polysaccharide (AAP) were prepared and characterized optically, morphologically, and mechanically in terms of barrier, bactericidal, and antioxidant properties and evaluated for their potential application in cold meat packaging. The results showed that films prepared from 40 % AAP had the best mechanical properties, with smooth and homogeneous surfaces, good water barrier properties and also good preservation of cold meat. Thus, Auricularia auricula polysaccharide is a composite membrane additive with great potential for application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Te Yu
- Changchun University, Nanguan District, Changchun, Jilin Province 130022, China
| | - Di Wu
- Changchun University, Nanguan District, Changchun, Jilin Province 130022, China
| | - Bin Liang
- Changchun University, Nanguan District, Changchun, Jilin Province 130022, China
| | - Jiaming Wang
- Changchun University, Nanguan District, Changchun, Jilin Province 130022, China
| | - Xinzhu Shang
- Changchun University, Nanguan District, Changchun, Jilin Province 130022, China
| | - Qiong Wu
- Changchun University, Nanguan District, Changchun, Jilin Province 130022, China.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Xue T, Ruan K, Tang Z, Duan J, Xu H. Isolation, structural properties, and bioactivities of polysaccharides from Althaea officinalis Linn.: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2023:125098. [PMID: 37245776 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Althaea officinalis Linn. (AO) is a widely distributed herbaceous plant with a long history of medicinal and food functions in Europe and Western Asia. Althaea officinalis polysaccharide (AOP), as one of the main components and a crucial bioactive substance of AO, has a variety of pharmacological activities, including antitussive, antioxidant, antibacterial, anticancer, wound healing, immunomodulatory, and infertility therapy effects. Many polysaccharides have been successfully obtained in the last five decades from AO. However, there is currently no review available concerning AOP. Considering the importance of AOP for biological study and drug discovery, the present review aims to systematically summarize the recent major studies on extraction and purification methods of polysaccharides from different AO parts (seeds, roots, leaves and flowers), as well as the characterization of their chemical structure, biological activity, structure-activity relationship, and the application of AOP in different fields. Meanwhile, the shortcomings of AOP research are further discussed in detail, and new valuable insights for future AOP research as therapeutic agents and functional foods are proposed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Taotao Xue
- Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine Resources Industrialization by Shaanxi & Education Ministry, State Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Characteristic Qin Medicine Resources (Cultivation), Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, 712083 Xianyang, PR China.
| | - Kaihua Ruan
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Xi'an New Area Central Hospital), Xi'an 710075, PR China
| | - Zhishu Tang
- Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine Resources Industrialization by Shaanxi & Education Ministry, State Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Characteristic Qin Medicine Resources (Cultivation), Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, 712083 Xianyang, PR China; China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, PR China
| | - Jinao Duan
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
| | - Hongbo Xu
- Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine Resources Industrialization by Shaanxi & Education Ministry, State Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Characteristic Qin Medicine Resources (Cultivation), Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, 712083 Xianyang, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Guo Y, Liu M, Liu X, Zheng M, Xu X, Liu X, Gong J, Liu H, Liu J. Metagenomic and Untargeted Metabolomic Analysis of the Effect of Sporisorium reilianum Polysaccharide on Improving Obesity. Foods 2023; 12:foods12081578. [PMID: 37107373 PMCID: PMC10137368 DOI: 10.3390/foods12081578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Gut microbiota plays an important role in the pathophysiology of obesity. Fungal polysaccharide can improve obesity, but the potential mechanism needs further study. This experiment studied the potential mechanism of polysaccharides from Sporisorium reilianum (SRP) to improve obesity in male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats fed with a high-fat diet (HFD) using metagenomics and untargeted metabolomics. After 8 weeks of SRP (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg/day) intervention, we analyzed the related index of obesity, gut microbiota, and untargeted metabolomics of rats. The obesity and serum lipid levels of rats treated with SRP were reduced, and lipid accumulation in the liver and adipocyte hypertrophy was improved, especially in rats treated with a high dose of SRP. SRP improved the composition and function of gut microbiota in rats fed with a high-fat diet, and decreased the ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroides at the phylum level. At the genus level, the abundance of Lactobacillus increased and that of Bacteroides decreased. At the species level, the abundance of Lactobacillus crispatus, Lactobacillus helveticus, and Lactobacillus acidophilus increased, while the abundance of Lactobacillus reuteri and Staphylococcus xylosus decreased. The function of gut microbiota mainly regulated lipid metabolism and amino acid metabolism. The untargeted metabolomics indicated that 36 metabolites were related to the anti-obesity effect of SRP. Furthermore, linoleic acid metabolism, phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan biosynthesis, and the phenylalanine metabolism pathway played a role in improving obesity in those treated with SRP. The study results suggest that SRP significantly alleviated obesity via gut-microbiota-related metabolic pathways, and SRP could be used for the prevention and treatment of obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunlong Guo
- National Engineering Research Center for Wheat and Corn Deep Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
- Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China
| | - Meihong Liu
- National Engineering Research Center for Wheat and Corn Deep Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Xin Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China
| | - Mingzhu Zheng
- National Engineering Research Center for Wheat and Corn Deep Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Xiuying Xu
- National Engineering Research Center for Wheat and Corn Deep Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Xiaokang Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China
| | - Jiyu Gong
- College of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China
| | - Huimin Liu
- National Engineering Research Center for Wheat and Corn Deep Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Jingsheng Liu
- National Engineering Research Center for Wheat and Corn Deep Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Yang M, Qian Z, Zhan Q, Zhong L, Hu Q, Zhao L. Application of definitive screening design to optimization of the protein extraction and functional properties of proteins in Auricularia auricula. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2023; 103:1226-1236. [PMID: 36085582 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Auricularia auricula (A. auricula) is one of the most abundant sources of plant protein in edible fungi. Problems of low protein yield exist in traditional methods of protein extraction such as alkali extraction and ultrasonic-assisted alkali after pretreatment with enzymes. Thus, the protein extraction process was investigated and optimized using a definitive screening design from A. auricula to improve the protein yield under practical operating conditions of temperature, the concentration of NaCl, meal/water ratio, extraction time and pH. RESULTS The yield of protein isolates of the isoelectric-ammonium sulfate precipitation (9.34% w/w) was obtained almost three times and the protein content (55.23% w/w) was approximately 1.6 times that of the traditional extraction method of isoelectric precipitation. Next, the optimized method was successfully applied to the analysis of the functional properties of the protein. A. auricula protein isolate (AAPI) had better solubility, emulsification and foaming capacity than soy protein isolate (SPI) and pea protein isolate (PPI), and the oil holding capacity of AAPI exhibited extremely well, which was approximately five times that of SPI and six times that of PPI. The texture properties of AAPI gel were similar to those of PPI gels. CONCLUSION AAPI extracted by the optimized method had a satisfactory yield and had the potential to substitute plant-originated proteins in food processing. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mengdie Yang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zheng Qian
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qiping Zhan
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lei Zhong
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qiuhui Hu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Nanjing, China
| | - Liyan Zhao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Bai YF, Yue ZL, Wang YN, Li YD, Li C, Liu XT, Shi RH, Huo NN, Li DD, Gao S, Han X. Synergistic effect of polysaccharides and flavonoids on lipid and gut microbiota in hyperlipidemic rats. Food Funct 2023; 14:921-933. [PMID: 36537876 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo03031d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Hyperlipidemia is a global health risk factor, and its development is closely related to the absorption and metabolism of lipids in the intestine. In this study, the Auricularia auricula polysaccharide, the Tremella polysaccharide, and hawthorn flavonoids were mixed by equal weight (HDC), and then its effect on the intervention in the intestine and blood lipids of hyperlipidemic rats on a high-fat diet (HFD) was investigated. The results revealed that HDC significantly inhibited the development of hyperlipidemia and reduced lipid levels and fat accumulation. In addition, HDC improved the edema deformation of intestinal epithelial cells, impaired the intestinal barrier induced by HFD, and improved the antioxidant capacity of the intestine. HDC showed a significant synergistic effect. Analysis of the gut microbiota by 16s rRNA gene sequencing showed that HDC reduced the ratio of Bacteroidetes/Firmicutes and the relative abundance of actinomycetes. At the genus level, the relative abundance of Lactobacillus, Rumincococcaceae-UCG-14, and Muribaculaceae was increased and the relative abundance of Allobaculum, Corynebacterium-1, Blautia, and Turicibucter was decreased. Intestinal lipidomics showed that HDC reduced the levels of DGDG, LPE, PG, phSM, PIP2, SoG1, and SM in the intestine of HFD rats, although there were no significant differences in LPE, PG, and phSM. 42 HDC-acting lipid biomarkers were screened. In conclusion, these findings support the potential of HDC intervention to prevent hyperlipidemia by regulating gut microbiota and lipid absorption and metabolism in the intestine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Fei Bai
- College of Food Science and Biology, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Zhi-Liang Yue
- Hebei Provincial Station of Veterinary Drug and Feed, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Ya-Nan Wang
- College of Food Science and Biology, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yan-Dong Li
- Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues, Hebei Institute of Veterinary Drugs Control, Shijiazhuang, PR China
| | - Chong Li
- College of Food Science and Biology, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xin-Tong Liu
- College of Food Science and Biology, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Ruo-Han Shi
- College of Food Science and Biology, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Ning-Ning Huo
- College of Food Science and Biology, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Dan-Dan Li
- College of Food Science and Biology, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Shan Gao
- College of Food Science and Biology, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xue Han
- College of Food Science and Biology, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
The Current State and Future Prospects of Auricularia auricula's Polysaccharide Processing Technology Portfolio. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 28:molecules28020582. [PMID: 36677640 PMCID: PMC9861292 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28020582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Auricularia auricula polysaccharides (AAP) have been widely studied in the field of medicine and healthcare because of their unique structure and physiological activity. Many species of Auricularia auricula polysaccharides have been extracted, isolated, and purified by different methods, and their structures have been analyzed. Auricularia auricula polysaccharides have been proven to have beneficial effects on the human body, including slowing the aging process, controlling the intestinal system, and treating cardiovascular disorders. In this paper, the extraction, isolation, and purification of AAP from Auricularia auricula, as well as research in the field of medicine and healthcare, have pointed to the shortcomings and limitations of these methods. We also suggest future research directions for Auricularia auricula polysaccharides; standardized processing methods must be confirmed, and officially approved AAPs are needed for commercial applications. Finally, an optimistic outlook on the development of AAPs is given.
Collapse
|
25
|
Ma Y, Zhang P, Dai X, Yao X, Zhou S, Ma Q, Liu J, Tian S, Zhu J, Zhang J, Kong X, Bao Y. Extraction, physicochemical properties, and antioxidant activity of natural melanin from Auricularia heimuer fermentation. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1131542. [PMID: 36875843 PMCID: PMC9981798 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1131542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Natural melanin from Auricularia heimuer have numerous beneficial biological properties, which were used as a safe and healthy colorant in several industries. Methods In this study, single-factor experiments, Box-Behnken design (BBD), and response surface methodology (RSM) were employed to investigate the effects of alkali-soluble pH, acid precipitation pH, and microwave time on the extraction yield of Auricularia heimuer melanin (AHM) from fermentation. Ultraviolet-visible spectrum (UV-Vis), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope (SEM), and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) were used to analyze the extracted AHM. The solubility, stability, and antioxidant activities of AHM were also measured. Results The results showed that alkali-soluble pH, acid precipitation pH, and microwave time significantly affected the AHM yield, with the following optimized microwave-assisted extraction conditions: alkali-soluble pH of 12.3, acid precipitation pH of 3.1, and microwave time of 53 min, resulting in an AHM extraction yield of 0.4042%. AHM exhibited a strong absorption at 210 nm, similar to melanin from other sources. FT-IR spectroscopy also revealed that AHM exhibited the three characteristic absorption peaks of natural melanin. The HPLC chromatogram profile of AHM showed a single symmetrical elution peak with a 2.435 min retention time. AHM was highly soluble in alkali solution, insoluble in distilled water and organic solvents, and demonstrated strong DPPH, OH, and ABTS free radical scavenging activities. Discussion This study provides technical support to optimize AHM extraction for use in the medical and food industries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yinpeng Ma
- College of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China.,Institute of Microbiology, Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Piqi Zhang
- Institute of Microbiology, Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaodong Dai
- Institute of Microbiology, Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Xiuge Yao
- Institute of Microbiology, Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Shuyang Zhou
- Institute of Microbiology, Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Qingfang Ma
- Institute of Microbiology, Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Jianing Liu
- Institute of Microbiology, Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Shuang Tian
- Institute of Microbiology, Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Jianan Zhu
- Institute of Microbiology, Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Jiechi Zhang
- Institute of Microbiology, Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Xianghui Kong
- Institute of Microbiology, Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Yihong Bao
- College of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Zhang W, Zheng X, Chen X, Jiang X, Wang H, Zhang G. Lead detoxification of edible fungi Auricularia auricula and Pleurotus ostreatus: the purification of the chelation substances and their effects on rats. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1162110. [PMID: 37153916 PMCID: PMC10157028 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1162110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Lead is a global pollutant that causes widespread concern. When a lead enters the body, it is distributed throughout the body and accumulates in the brain, bone, and soft tissues such as the kidney, liver, and spleen. Chelators used for lead poisoning therapy all have side effects to some extent and other drawbacks including high cost. Exploration and utilization of natural antidotes become necessary. To date, few substances originating from edible fungi that are capable of adsorbing lead have been reported. In this study, we found that two commonly eaten mushrooms Auricularia auricula and Pleurotus ostreatus exhibited lead adsorption capacity. A. auricula active substance (AAAS) and P. ostreatus active substance (POAS) were purified by hot-water extraction, ethanol precipitation from its fruiting bodies followed by ion exchange chromatography, ultrafiltration, and gel filtration chromatography, respectively. AAAS was 3.6 kDa, while POAS was 4.9 kDa. They were both constituted of polysaccharides and peptides. The peptide sequences obtained by liquid chromatography combined with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) proved that they were rich in amino acids with side chain groups such as hydroxyl, carboxyl, carbonyl, sulfhydryl, and amidogen. Two rat models were established, but only a chronic lead-induced poisoning model was employed to determine the detoxification of AAAS/POAS and their fruiting body powder. For rats receiving continuous lead treatment, either AAAS or POAS could reduce the lead levels in the blood. They also promoted the elimination of the burden of lead in the spleen and kidney. The fruiting bodies were also proved to have lead detoxification effects. This is the first study to identify new functions of A. auricula and P. ostreatus in reducing lead toxicity and to provide dietary strategies for the treatment of lead toxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Zhang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaojie Zheng
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangdong Chen
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xuezhen Jiang
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Hexiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Hexiang Wang
| | - Guoqing Zhang
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Agricultural Application and New Technique, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
- Guoqing Zhang
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Tu J, Adhikari B, Brennan MA, Cheng P, Bai W, Brennan CS. Interactions between sorghum starch and mushroom polysaccharides and their effects on starch gelatinization and digestion. Food Hydrocoll 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2023.108504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
|
28
|
Wang L, Li K, Cui Y, Peng H, Hu Y, Zhu Z. Preparation, structural characterization and neuroprotective effects to against H 2O 2-induced oxidative damage in PC12 cells of polysaccharides from Pleurotus ostreatus. Food Res Int 2023; 163:112146. [PMID: 36596100 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.112146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Pleurotus ostreatus is one of the most common edible and medicinal fungi in life, and its polysaccharide has been a hot research topic in recent years. In this paper, a new intracellular polysaccharide component named P. ostreatus polysaccharide (POP-W) was obtained from the mycelium of P. ostreatus, and its structure was analyzed. The results showed that its molecular weight was Mw = 3.034 × 103 kDa, and it did not contain protein and nucleic acid. POP-W was composed of mannose, glucose, galactose and xylose in a molar ratio of 40.34:47.60:7.97:4.09. The backbone of POP-W was α-D-Glcp(1→,→3,4)-α-D-Glcp(1→, →3,4)-α-D-Manp(1→,→3)-α -D-Galp(1→, →4)-α-D-Glcp(1→, →3)-α-D-Glcp(1→, →2)-β-D-Manp(1→, →4) -β-D-Xylp(1 →. SEM and TGA analysis showed the structure of POP-W and good thermal stability. In addition, POP-W showed significant antioxidant activity in vitro. More importantly, POP-W protected PC12 cells induced by H2O2 by inhibiting the contents of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) and increasing the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and reduced glutathione (GSH). Western blot detection of Caspase-3, BAX, Bcl-2, PI3K/Akt protein expression. The results showed that POP-W inhibited the expression of caspase-3 and BAX, while promoting the expression of Bcl-2. In addition, POP-W can also promote the phosphorylation of Akt. In conclusion, POP-W pretreatment can protect PC12 cells from H2O2-induced oxidative damage through PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and regulation of apoptosis-related pathway proteins. It provided a theoretical basis for the practical application of the polysaccharide of P. ostreatus in production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liuya Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China; Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China; College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China
| | - Kun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China; Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China; College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China
| | - Yidan Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China; Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China; College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China
| | - Haihai Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China; Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China; College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China
| | - Ying Hu
- College of Public Health, Zunyi Medical University, Guizhou 563006, PR China
| | - Zhenyuan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China; Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China; College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Su J, Zhang B, Fu X, Huang Q, Li C, Liu G, Hai Liu R. Recent advances in polysaccharides from Rose roxburghii Tratt fruits: isolation, structural characterization, and bioactivities. Food Funct 2022; 13:12561-12571. [PMID: 36453451 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo02192g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Rosa roxburghii Tratt fruit (RRF), known commonly as Cili in China, is a highly valued fruit that contains abundant functional and nutritional constituents with a variety of health-promoting benefits. Polysaccharides (RRFPs) are regarded as one of the crucial biological compounds in RRF. Existing literature has shown that RRFPs possess various remarkable biological activities, such as antioxidant, hypoglycemic, antitumor, anti-inflammatory, and gut microbiota modulation capabilities. In recent years, isolation and purification methods, structural characteristics, and biological activities of RRFPs have been drawing increasing attention. However, there is no up-to-date review of research progress on this front. In this review, recent advances in RRFPs, including their isolation, purification, structural characterization, biological activity, and the structure-activity relationship are summarized and discussed. In addition, this review highlights the challenges and prospects of RRFPs. Overall, this review provides useful research underpinnings and updated information for the further development and utilization of RRFPs in the fields of health, food, and medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Su
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Bin Zhang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Xiong Fu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Qiang Huang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Chao Li
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China. .,Overseas Expertise Introduction Center for Discipline Innovation of Food Nutrition and Human Health (111 Center), Guangzhou, China
| | - Guang Liu
- Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Guangzhou, 510610, China
| | - Rui Hai Liu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China. .,Overseas Expertise Introduction Center for Discipline Innovation of Food Nutrition and Human Health (111 Center), Guangzhou, China.,Department of Food Science, Stocking Hall, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Yan Y, Wang M, Chen N, Wang X, Fu C, Li Y, Gan X, Lv P, Zhang Y. Isolation, structures, bioactivities, application and future prospective for polysaccharides from Tremella aurantialba: A review. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1091210. [PMID: 36569950 PMCID: PMC9773546 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1091210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Since ancient times, Tremella aurantialba has been proposed to have medicinal and food benefits. Modern phytochemistry and pharmacological studies have demonstrated that polysaccharides, the main components from T. aurantialba appear to be an all-round talent resisting a variety of chronic inflammatory diseases and protecting against different types of tumors, diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. These health and pharmacological benefits have gained much attention from scholars around the world. Further, more and more methods for polysaccharides extraction, purification, structure identification have been proposed. Significantly, the bioactivity of fungus polysaccharides is affected by many factors such as extraction and purification conditions and chemical structure. This paper provides an overview of recent advances in the isolation, structural features and biological effects of polysaccharides derived from T. aurantialba, covers recent advances in the field and outlines future research and applications of these polysaccharides.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yonghuan Yan
- School of Forensic Medicine, Hebei Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China,Hebei Food Inspection and Research Institute, Hebei Food Safety Key Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Special Food Supervision Technology for State Market Regulation, Hebei Engineering Research Center for Special Food Safety and Health, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Mengtian Wang
- School of Forensic Medicine, Hebei Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China,Hebei Food Inspection and Research Institute, Hebei Food Safety Key Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Special Food Supervision Technology for State Market Regulation, Hebei Engineering Research Center for Special Food Safety and Health, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Ning Chen
- Department of Cell Biology, Cardiovascular Medical Science Center, Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology of Ministry of Education, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xu Wang
- Hebei Food Inspection and Research Institute, Hebei Food Safety Key Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Special Food Supervision Technology for State Market Regulation, Hebei Engineering Research Center for Special Food Safety and Health, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China,Department of Cell Biology, Cardiovascular Medical Science Center, Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology of Ministry of Education, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Chenghao Fu
- Department of Cell Biology, Cardiovascular Medical Science Center, Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology of Ministry of Education, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yuemin Li
- Department of Cell Biology, Cardiovascular Medical Science Center, Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology of Ministry of Education, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xiaoruo Gan
- Department of Cell Biology, Cardiovascular Medical Science Center, Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology of Ministry of Education, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Pin Lv
- Department of Cell Biology, Cardiovascular Medical Science Center, Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology of Ministry of Education, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China,*Correspondence: Pin Lv, ; Yan Zhang,
| | - Yan Zhang
- School of Forensic Medicine, Hebei Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China,Hebei Food Inspection and Research Institute, Hebei Food Safety Key Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Special Food Supervision Technology for State Market Regulation, Hebei Engineering Research Center for Special Food Safety and Health, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China,*Correspondence: Pin Lv, ; Yan Zhang,
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Chen Z, Ye SY. Research progress on antiviral constituents in traditional Chinese medicines and their mechanisms of action. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2022; 60:1063-1076. [PMID: 35634712 PMCID: PMC9154771 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2022.2074053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Viruses have the characteristics of rapid transmission and high mortality. At present, western medicines still lack an ideal antiviral. As natural products, many traditional Chinese medicines (TCM) have certain inhibitory effects on viruses, which has become the hotspot of medical research in recent years. OBJECTIVE The antiviral active ingredients and mechanisms of TCM against viral diseases was studied in combination with the pathogenesis of viral diseases and antiviral effects. MATERIALS AND METHODS English and Chinese literature from 1999 to 2021 was collected from databases including Web of Science, PubMed, Elsevier, Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2020 (CP), and CNKI (Chinese). Traditional Chinese medicines (TCM), active ingredients, antiviral, mechanism of action, and anti-inflammatory effect were used as the key words. RESULTS The antiviral activity of TCM is clarified to put forward a strategy for discovering active compounds against viruses, and provide reference for screening antivirus drugs from TCM. TCM can not only directly kill viruses and inhibit the proliferation of viruses in cells, but also prevent viruses from infecting cells and causing cytophilia. It can also regulate the human immune system, enhance human immunity, and play an indirect antiviral role. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION Based on the experimental study and antiviral mechanism of TCM, this paper can provide analytical evidence that supports the effectiveness of TCM in treating virus infections, as well as their mechanisms against viruses. It could be helpful to provide reference for the research and development of innovative TCMs with multiple components, multiple targets and low toxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Chen
- Pharmaceutical College, Shandong University of TCM, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Si-yong Ye
- Department of Pharmacy, Jinan Second People's Hospital, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Non-thermal treatments for the control of endogenous formaldehyde from Auricularia auricula and their effects on its nutritional characteristics. Food Control 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2022.109235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
33
|
Han X, Luo R, Ye N, Hu Y, Fu C, Gao R, Fu S, Gao F. Research progress on natural β-glucan in intestinal diseases. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 219:1244-1260. [PMID: 36063888 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.08.173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
β-Glucan, an essential natural polysaccharide widely distributed in cereals and microorganisms, exhibits extensive biological activities, including immunoregulation, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antitumor properties, and flora regulation. Recently, increasing evidence has shown that β-glucan has activities that may be useful for treating intestinal diseases, such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and colorectal cancer. The advantages of β-glucan, which include its multiple roles, safety, abundant sources, good encapsulation capacity, economic development costs, and clinical evidence, indicate that β-glucan is a promising polysaccharide that could be developed as a health product or medicine for the treatment of intestinal disease. Unfortunately, few reports have summarized the progress of studies investigating natural β-glucan in intestinal diseases. This review comprehensively summarizes the structure-activity relationship of β-glucan, its pharmacological mechanism in IBD and colorectal cancer, its absorption and transportation mechanisms, and its application in food, medicine, and drug delivery, which will be beneficial to further understand the role of β-glucan in intestinal diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqin Han
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Ruifeng Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Naijing Ye
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, China
| | - Yichen Hu
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Chaomei Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Ru Gao
- Department of Nursing, Chengdu Wenjiang People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 611100, China.
| | - Shu Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611130, China.
| | - Fei Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611130, China.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Wang W, Tan J, Nima L, Sang Y, Cai X, Xue H. Polysaccharides from fungi: A review on their extraction, purification, structural features, and biological activities. Food Chem X 2022; 15:100414. [PMID: 36211789 PMCID: PMC9532758 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2022.100414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
A variety of extraction methods of polysaccharides from fungi are reviewed and compared. Purification methods, structure of fungal polysaccharides were reviewed. Diverse biological activities of fungal polysaccharides were outlined. Structure-activity relationships of fungal polysaccharides were discussed.
Fungi, as the unique natural resource, are rich in polysaccharides, proteins, fats, vitamins, and other components. Therefore, they have good medical and nutritional values. Polysaccharides are considered one of the most important bioactive components in fungi. Increasing researches have confirmed that fungal polysaccharides have various biological activities, such as antioxidant, immunomodulatory, anti-tumor, hepatoprotective, anti-aging, anti-inflammatory, and radioprotective activities. Consequently, the research progresses and future prospects of fungal polysaccharides must be systematically reviewed to promote their better understanding. This paper reviewed the extraction, purification, structure, biological activity, and underlying molecular mechanisms of fungal polysaccharides. Moreover, the structure–activity relationships of fungal polysaccharides were emphasized and discussed. This review can provide scientific basis for the research and industrial utilization of fungal polysaccharides.
Collapse
|
35
|
Liu N, Chen M, Song J, Zhao Y, Gong P, Chen X. Effects of Auricularia auricula Polysaccharides on Gut Microbiota Composition in Type 2 Diabetic Mice. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27186061. [PMID: 36144789 PMCID: PMC9502302 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27186061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In previous studies, Auriculariaauricula polysaccharides (AAP) has been found to improve type 2 diabetes mellitus, but its mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we sought to demonstrate that AAP achieves remission by altering the gut microbiota in mice with type 2 diabetes. We successfully constructed a type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) model induced by a high-fat diet (HFD) combined with streptozotocin (STZ), following which fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels and oral glucose tolerance test (OTGG) were observed to decrease significantly after 5 weeks of AAP intervention. Furthermore, AAP enhanced the activities of total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and reduced the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) to alleviate the oxidative stress injury. AAP-M (200 mg/kg/d) displayed the best improvement effect. Moreover, 16S rRNA results showed that AAP decreased the abundance of Firmicutes and increased that of Bacteroidetes. The abundance of beneficial genera such as Faecalibaculum, Dubosiella, Alloprevotella, and those belonging to the family Lachnospiraceae was increased due to the intake of AAP. AAP could reduced the abundance of Desulfovibrio, Enterorhabdus, and Helicobacter. In all, these results suggest that AAP can improve the disorders of glucose and lipid metabolism by regulating the structure of the gut microbiota.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nannan Liu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Weinan Normal University, Weinan 714099, China
| | - Mengyin Chen
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710021, China
| | - Juanna Song
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710021, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Pin Gong
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710021, China
| | - Xuefeng Chen
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710021, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-139-9209-4639
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Gao JN, Li Y, Liang J, Chai JH, Kuang HX, Xia YG. Direct acetylation for full analysis of polysaccharides in edible plants and fungi using reverse phase liquid chromatography-multiple reaction monitoring mass spectrometry. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2022; 222:115083. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2022.115083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
|
37
|
Long H, Xiao J, Wang X, Liang M, Fan Y, Xu Y, Lin M, Ren Z, Wu C, Wang Y. Laminarin acetyl esters: Synthesis, conformational analysis and anti-viral effects. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 216:528-536. [PMID: 35809670 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.06.208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Chemical modification of polysaccharides is important for expanding their applications and gaining new insights into their structure-property relationships. Here we reported the synthesis, characterization, and anti-viral activities of laminarin acetyl derivatives. The chemical structure and chain conformation of acetylated laminarin were characterized by FT-IR, H1 NMR, AFM, UV-vis spectrum, and induced circular dichroism based on a modified Congo Red assay (ICD-CR assay). The inhibition effect of laminarin and its acetyl derivatives on HSV-1 was evaluated by viral plaque assay and virus-associated DNA/protein change. Acetylation modification was found to trigger the conformation transition of laminarin from triple helix to single helix, and the extent of transition can be tuned by the degree of substitution. The single helical acetylated laminarins were found to be stable in neutral aqueous solution and exhibited no cytotoxicity. However, the acetylated laminarin exhibited declined antiviral activity after modification.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haiyue Long
- Guangzhou Jinan Biomedicine Research and Development Center, Institute of Biomedicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ji Xiao
- Guangzhou Jinan Biomedicine Research and Development Center, Institute of Biomedicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaohui Wang
- Guangzhou Jinan Biomedicine Research and Development Center, Institute of Biomedicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Minting Liang
- Guangzhou Jinan Biomedicine Research and Development Center, Institute of Biomedicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yapei Fan
- Guangzhou Jinan Biomedicine Research and Development Center, Institute of Biomedicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuying Xu
- Guangzhou Jinan Biomedicine Research and Development Center, Institute of Biomedicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mengting Lin
- Guangzhou Jinan Biomedicine Research and Development Center, Institute of Biomedicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhe Ren
- Guangzhou Jinan Biomedicine Research and Development Center, Institute of Biomedicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chaoxi Wu
- Guangzhou Jinan Biomedicine Research and Development Center, Institute of Biomedicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Yifei Wang
- Guangzhou Jinan Biomedicine Research and Development Center, Institute of Biomedicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Biopolymeric Prodrug Systems as Potential Antineoplastic Therapy. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14091773. [PMID: 36145522 PMCID: PMC9505808 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14091773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, cancer represents a major public health issue, a substantial economic issue, and a burden for society. Limited by numerous disadvantages, conventional chemotherapy is being replaced by new strategies targeting tumor cells. In this context, therapies based on biopolymer prodrug systems represent a promising alternative for improving the pharmacokinetic and pharmacologic properties of drugs and reducing their toxicity. The polymer-directed enzyme prodrug therapy is based on tumor cell targeting and release of the drug using polymer–drug and polymer–enzyme conjugates. In addition, current trends are oriented towards natural sources. They are biocompatible, biodegradable, and represent a valuable and renewable source. Therefore, numerous antitumor molecules have been conjugated with natural polymers. The present manuscript highlights the latest research focused on polymer–drug conjugates containing natural polymers such as chitosan, hyaluronic acid, dextran, pullulan, silk fibroin, heparin, and polysaccharides from Auricularia auricula.
Collapse
|
39
|
Zhang P, Tan J, Wang W, Zhang J, Gong H, Xue H. Extraction, separation, purification, chemical characterizations, and biological activities of polysaccharides from Chinese herbal medicine: A review. STARCH-STARKE 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/star.202200114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pengqi Zhang
- College of traditional Chinese medicine Hebei University No. 342 Yuhua East Road, Lianchi District Baoding 071002 P. R. China
| | - Jiaqi Tan
- College of traditional Chinese medicine Hebei University No. 342 Yuhua East Road, Lianchi District Baoding 071002 P. R. China
| | - Wenli Wang
- College of traditional Chinese medicine Hebei University No. 342 Yuhua East Road, Lianchi District Baoding 071002 P. R. China
| | - Jinling Zhang
- College of traditional Chinese medicine Hebei University No. 342 Yuhua East Road, Lianchi District Baoding 071002 P. R. China
| | - Hansheng Gong
- School of Food Engineering Ludong University No. 186 Hongqi Middle Road, Zhifu District Yantai 264025 P. R. China
| | - Hongkun Xue
- College of traditional Chinese medicine Hebei University No. 342 Yuhua East Road, Lianchi District Baoding 071002 P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Structural diversity and bioactivity of polysaccharides from medicinal mushroom Phellinus spp.: A review. Food Chem 2022; 397:133731. [PMID: 35908464 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Phellinus spp., an important medicinal fungus mushroom extensively cultivated and consumed in East Asia for over 2000 years, is traditionally considered a precious food supplement and medicinal ingredient. Published studies showed that the polysaccharides are major bioactive macromolecules from Phellinus spp. (PPs) with multiple health-promoting effects, including immunomodulatory, anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic, antioxidant, and other bioactivities. Although the polysaccharides extracted from the fruiting body, mycelium, and fermentation broth of Phellinus spp. have been extensively studied for the extraction and purification methods, structural characteristics, and pharmacological activities, the knowledge for their structures and bioactivity relationship, toxicologic effects, and pharmacokinetic profile is limited. This review systematically summarizes the recent progress in the isolation and purification, chemical structures, bioactivities, and the underlying mechanisms of PPs. Information from this review provides insights into the further development of polysaccharides from PPs as therapeutic agents and functional foods.
Collapse
|
41
|
Zeng J, Luan F, Hu J, Liu Y, Zhang X, Qin T, Zhang X, Liu R, Zeng N. Recent research advances in polysaccharides from Undaria pinnatifida: Isolation, structures, bioactivities, and applications. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 206:325-354. [PMID: 35240211 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.02.138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Undaria pinnatifida, one of the most widespread seafood consumed in China and many other nations, has been traditionally utilized as an effective therapeutically active substance for edema, phlegm elimination and diuresis, and detumescence for more than 2000 years. Numerous studies have found that polysaccharides of U. pinnatifida play an indispensable role in the nutritional and medicinal value. The water extraction and alcohol precipitation method are the most used method. More than 40 U. pinnatifida polysaccharides (UPPs) were successfully isolated and purified from U. pinnatifida, whereas only few of them were well characterized. Pharmacological studies have shown that UPPs have high-order structural features and multiple biological activities, including anti-tumor, antidiabetic, immunomodulatory, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticoagulating, antithrombosis, antihypertension, antibacterial, and renoprotection. In addition, the structural characteristics of UPPs are closely related to their biological activity. In this review, the extraction and purification methods, structural characteristics, biological activities, clinical settings, toxicities, structure-activity relationships and industrial application of UPPs are comprehensively summarized. The structural characteristics and biological activities as well as the underlying molecular mechanisms of UPPs were also outlined. Furthermore, the clinical settings and structure-activity functions of UPPs were highlighted. Some research perspectives and challenges in the study of UPPs were also proposed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiuseng Zeng
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sichuan 611137, PR China
| | - Fei Luan
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sichuan 611137, PR China
| | - Jingwen Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, PR China
| | - Yao Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sichuan 611137, PR China
| | - Xiumeng Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, PR China
| | - Tiantian Qin
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, PR China
| | - Xia Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, PR China
| | - Rong Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sichuan 611137, PR China.
| | - Nan Zeng
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sichuan 611137, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Hu T, Wu P, Zhan J, Wang W, Shen J, Wang M, Ho CT, Li S. Structure variety and its potential effects on biological activity of tea polysaccharides. FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2021.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
|
43
|
Liu Q, Ma R, Li S, Fei Y, Lei J, Li R, Pan Y, Liu S, Wang L. Dietary Supplementation of Auricularia auricula-judae Polysaccharides Alleviate Nutritional Obesity in Mice via Regulating Inflammatory Response and Lipid Metabolism. Foods 2022; 11:foods11070942. [PMID: 35407029 PMCID: PMC8997552 DOI: 10.3390/foods11070942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The incidence of lipid metabolism disorder and obesity that is caused by high-calorie diets is increasing year by year, which has become an urgent global health problem. This study was performed to explore the intervention effects of polysaccharides that were extracted from Auricularia auricula-judae resources in the Qinba Mountain area on nutritional obesity in C57BL/6J mice that was induced by high fat and high fructose diets (HFFD) and to investigate their underlying molecular mechanisms. The results showed that dietary supplementation of Auricularia auricula-judae polysaccharides (AAP) significantly improved mice’s insulin resistance state, altered serum lipid metabolites, and slowed down body weight gain that was induced by HFFD. In addition, AAP supplementation decreased inflammatory factor levels and alleviated liver histomorphology changes. Furthermore, AAP down-regulated liver adipogenic-related gene expressions, suppressed cholesterol synthesis-related gene levels, up-regulated fatty acid β-oxidation-related gene expressions, and promoted cholesterol efflux-related gene expressions, thus improving mice hepatic lipid metabolism homeostasis. Moreover, the intervention effects were closely related to mitochondrial function. These results provide a scientific basis for the further development and utilization of Auricularia auricula-judae resources in the Qinba Mountain area.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Liu
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +86-29-88305208
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Guo R, Chen M, Ding Y, Yang P, Wang M, Zhang H, He Y, Ma H. Polysaccharides as Potential Anti-tumor Biomacromolecules —A Review. Front Nutr 2022; 9:838179. [PMID: 35295918 PMCID: PMC8919066 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.838179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer, as one of the most life-threatening diseases, has attracted the attention of researchers to develop drugs with minimal side effects. The bioactive macromolecules, such as the polysaccharides, are considered the potential candidates against cancer due to their anti-tumor activities and non-toxic characteristics. The present review provides an overview on polysaccharides' extraction, isolation, purification, mechanisms for their anti-tumor activities, structure-activity relationships, absorption and metabolism of polysaccharides, and the applications of polysaccharides in anti-tumor therapy. Numerous research showed extraction methods of polysaccharides had a significant influence on their activities. Additionally, the anti-tumor activities of the polysaccharides are closely related to their structure, while molecular modification and high bioavailability may enhance the anti-tumor activity. Moreover, most of the polysaccharides exerted an anti-tumor activity mainly through the cell cycle arrest, anti-angiogenesis, apoptosis, and immunomodulation mechanisms. Also, recommendations were made to utilize the polysaccharides against cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Guo
- College of Food Science and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Min Chen
- The Laboratory Animal Research Center, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yangyang Ding
- The Laboratory Animal Research Center, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Pengyao Yang
- College of Food Science and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Mengjiao Wang
- College of Food Science and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Haihui Zhang
- College of Food Science and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yuanqing He
- College of Food Science and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- The Laboratory Animal Research Center, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- *Correspondence: Yuanqing He
| | - Haile Ma
- College of Food Science and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Zhang H, Jiang F, Zhang J, Wang W, Li L, Yan J. Modulatory effects of polysaccharides from plants, marine algae and edible mushrooms on gut microbiota and related health benefits: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 204:169-192. [PMID: 35122806 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.01.166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Naturally occurring carbohydrate polymers containing non-starch polysaccharides (NPs) are a class of biomacromolecules isolated from plants, marine algae, and edible mushrooms, and their biological activities has shown potential uses in the prevention and treatment of human diseases. Importantly, NPs serve as prebiotics to provide health benefits to the host through stimulating the proliferation of beneficial gut microbiota (GM) and enhancing the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). The composition and diversity of GM play a critical role in regulating host health and have been extensively studied in recent years. In this review, the extraction, isolation, purification, and structural characterization of NPs derived from plants, marine algae, and edible mushrooms are outlined. Importantly, the degradation and metabolism of these NPs in the intestinal tract, the effects of NPs on the microbial community and SCFAs generation, and the beneficial effects of NPs on host health by modulating GM are systematically highlighted. Overall, we hope that this review can provide some theoretical references and a new perspective for applications of NPs as prebiotics in functional food and drug development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Henan Zhang
- Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi, Key Laboratory of Edible Fungi Resources and Utilization (South), Ministry of Agriculture, China.
| | - Fuchun Jiang
- Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi, Key Laboratory of Edible Fungi Resources and Utilization (South), Ministry of Agriculture, China
| | - Jinsong Zhang
- Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi, Key Laboratory of Edible Fungi Resources and Utilization (South), Ministry of Agriculture, China
| | - Wenhan Wang
- Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi, Key Laboratory of Edible Fungi Resources and Utilization (South), Ministry of Agriculture, China
| | - Lin Li
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Food Development and Nutrition Regulation of China National Light Industry, School of Chemical Engineering and Energy Technology, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China.
| | - Jingkun Yan
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Food Development and Nutrition Regulation of China National Light Industry, School of Chemical Engineering and Energy Technology, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
|
47
|
Insights into health-promoting effects of Jew's ear (Auricularia auricula-judae). Trends Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2021.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
|
48
|
Xiao B, Chen S, Huang Q, Tan J, Zeng J, Yao J, Feng T, Wang G, Zhang Y. The lipid lowering and antioxidative stress potential of polysaccharide from Auricularia auricula prepared by enzymatic method. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 187:651-663. [PMID: 34303740 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.07.138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
An efficient extraction method of Auricularia auricula polysaccharides (AAPs) by neutral protease was developed and optimized by response surface methodology. AAPs were graded by stepwise ethanol precipitation, the fraction with high recovery rate and strong radical scavenging rate were obtained, then its antioxidant and lipid lowering effect were studied using Caenorhabditis elegans as model organism. The extract yield and ABTS+ scavenging rates of AAPs could reach 14.90% and 86.0% at 50 °C, 75 mL/g of liquid-to-material ratio and pH 9.0. AAP3 obtained by 15% ethanol was a heteropolysaccharide comprised of mannose, glucose, glucuronic acid, xylose, galactose and glucosamine. AAP3 could significantly prolong the lifespan of C. elegans and enhance the activity of antioxidant enzymes including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalases (CAT) at 0.25 mg/mL (p < 0.05). The qRT-PCR results showed that AAP3 could up regulate mRNA expression levels of daf-16 and skn-1 (>1.6 fold) at 0.25 mg/mL. Besides, AAP3 could significantly reduce the level of body fat and triglyceride in C. elegans (p < 0.05). These studies demonstrated that A. auricula polysaccharides prepared by neutral protease had a prominent protective effect to the damage induced by the intracellular free radical generating agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Xiao
- Liang Xin College, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China
| | - Shuang Chen
- College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China
| | - Qiqi Huang
- College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China
| | - Jingjing Tan
- Liang Xin College, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China
| | - Jiangying Zeng
- College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China
| | - Jing Yao
- Liang Xin College, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China
| | - Tao Feng
- College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China
| | - Ge Wang
- College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China
| | - Yongjun Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China.
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Liu D, Tang W, Yin JY, Nie SP, Xie MY. Monosaccharide composition analysis of polysaccharides from natural sources: Hydrolysis condition and detection method development. Food Hydrocoll 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2021.106641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
|
50
|
Chen WH, Wu JJ, Li XF, Lu JM, Wu W, Sun YQ, Zhu B, Qin LP. Isolation, structural properties, bioactivities of polysaccharides from Dendrobium officinale Kimura et. Migo: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 184:1000-1013. [PMID: 34197847 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.06.156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Revised: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo (D. officinale) is used as herbal medicine and new food resource in China, which is nontoxic and harmless, and can be used as common food. Polysaccharide as one of the main bioactive components in D. officinale, mainly composed of glucose and mannose (Manp: Glcp = 2.01:1.00-8.82:1.00), along with galactose, xylose, arabinose, and rhamnose in different molar ratios and types of glycosidic bonds. Polysaccharides of D. officinale exhibit a variety of biological effects, including immunomodulatory, anti-tumor, gastro-protective, hypoglycemic, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, and vasodilating effects. This paper presents the extraction, purification, structural characteristics, bioactivities, structure-activity relationships and analyzes gaps in the current research on D. officinale polysaccharides. In addition, based on in vitro and in vivo experiments, the possible mechanisms of bioactivities of D. officinale polysaccharides were summarized. We hope that this work may provide helpful references and promising directions for further study and development of D. officinale polysaccharides.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Hua Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, PR China
| | - Jian-Jun Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, PR China
| | - Xue-Fei Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, PR China
| | - Jie-Miao Lu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, PR China
| | - Wei Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, PR China
| | - Yi-Qi Sun
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, PR China
| | - Bo Zhu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, PR China.
| | - Lu-Ping Qin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|