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Liu YJ, Li R, Xiao D, Yang C, Li YL, Chen JL, Wang Z, Zhao XG, Shan ZG. Incorporating machine learning and PPI networks to identify mitochondrial fission-related immune markers in abdominal aortic aneurysms. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27989. [PMID: 38590878 PMCID: PMC10999885 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose The aim of this study is to investigate abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), a disease characterised by inflammation and progressive vasodilatation, for novel gene-targeted therapeutic loci. Methods To do this, we used weighted co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) and differential gene analysis on samples from the GEO database. Additionally, we carried out enrichment analysis and determined that the blue module was of interest. Additionally, we performed an investigation of immune infiltration and discovered genes linked to immune evasion and mitochondrial fission. In order to screen for feature genes, we used two PPI network gene selection methods and five machine learning methods. This allowed us to identify the most featrue genes (MFGs). The expression of the MFGs in various cell subgroups was then evaluated by analysis of single cell samples from AAA. Additionally, we looked at the expression levels of the MFGs as well as the levels of inflammatory immune-related markers in cellular and animal models of AAA. Finally, we predicted potential drugs that could be targeted for the treatment of AAA. Results Our research identified 1249 up-regulated differential genes and 3653 down-regulated differential genes. Through WGCNA, we also discovered 44 genes in the blue module. By taking the point where several strategies for gene selection overlap, the MFG (ITGAL and SELL) was produced. We discovered through single cell research that the MFG were specifically expressed in T regulatory cells, NK cells, B lineage, and lymphocytes. In both animal and cellular models of AAA, the MFGs' mRNA levels rose. Conclusion We searched for the AAA novel targeted gene (ITGAL and SELL), which most likely function through lymphocytes of the B lineage, NK cells, T regulatory cells, and B lineage. This analysis gave AAA a brand-new goal to treat or prevent the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-jiang Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine Xiamen University, NO.55, Zhenhai Road, Siming District, Xiamen, Fujian, 361003, China
| | - Rui Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine Xiamen University, NO.55, Zhenhai Road, Siming District, Xiamen, Fujian, 361003, China
| | - Di Xiao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine Xiamen University, NO.55, Zhenhai Road, Siming District, Xiamen, Fujian, 361003, China
| | - Cui Yang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine Xiamen University, NO.55, Zhenhai Road, Siming District, Xiamen, Fujian, 361003, China
| | - Yan-lin Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine Xiamen University, NO.55, Zhenhai Road, Siming District, Xiamen, Fujian, 361003, China
| | - Jia-lin Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No. 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou, 350001, China
| | - Zhan Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine Xiamen University, NO.55, Zhenhai Road, Siming District, Xiamen, Fujian, 361003, China
| | - Xin-guo Zhao
- Yinan County People's Hospital, Linyi, 276300, China
| | - Zhong-gui Shan
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine Xiamen University, NO.55, Zhenhai Road, Siming District, Xiamen, Fujian, 361003, China
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López-Téllez A, Ramírez Torres JM, Pérez Vázquez E, Babiano Fernández MÁ, López-Martí H, Zapata Martínez I, Trillo Fernández C, Frías Vargas M, Domínguez Pinos MD, Peiró Morant JF, González-Fajardo JA, Valdivielso Felices P. Ultrasound screening for abdominal aortic aneurysm in primary care. CLINICA E INVESTIGACION EN ARTERIOSCLEROSIS : PUBLICACION OFICIAL DE LA SOCIEDAD ESPANOLA DE ARTERIOSCLEROSIS 2024:S0214-9168(24)00002-0. [PMID: 38350793 DOI: 10.1016/j.arteri.2023.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) constitutes a pathology with high mortality. There is currently no screening program implemented in primary care in Spain. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the usefulness of ultrasound in the detection of AAA in the at-risk population in primary care. Secondarily, to identify subjects whose vascular risk (VR) should be reclassified and to determine whether AAA is associated with the presence of carotid plaque and other risk factors. MATERIAL AND METHODS Cross-sectional, descriptive, multicenter, national, descriptive study in primary care. SUBJECTS A consecutive selection of hypertensive males aged between 65 and 75 who are either smokers or former smokers, or individuals over the age of 50 of both sexes with a family history of AAA. MEASUREMENTS Diameter of abdominal aorta and iliac arteries; detection of abdominal aortic and carotid atherosclerotic plaque. VR was calculated at the beginning and after testing (SCORE). RESULTS One hundred and fifty patients were analyzed (age: 68.3±5 years; 89.3% male). Baseline RV was high/very high in 55.3%. AAA was detected in 12 patients (8%; 95% CI: 4-12); aortic ectasia in 13 (8.7%); abdominal aortic plaque in 44% and carotid plaque in 62% of the participants. VR was reclassified in 50% of subjects. The detection of AAA or ectasia was associated with the presence of carotid plaque, current smoking and lipoprotein(a), p<0.01. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of AAA in patients with VR is high. Ultrasound in primary care allows detection of AAA and subclinical atherosclerosis and consequently reclassification of the VR, demonstrating its utility in screening for AAA in the at-risk population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Manuel Frías Vargas
- Centro de Salud San Andrés, Madrid, España; Departamento de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, España
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Sheng C, Zeng Q, Huang W, Liao M, Yang P. Identification of abdominal aortic aneurysm subtypes based on mechanosensitive genes. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0296729. [PMID: 38335213 PMCID: PMC10857568 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0296729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rupture of abdominal aortic aneurysm (rAAA) is a fatal event in the elderly. Elevated blood pressure and weakening of vessel wall strength are major risk factors for this devastating event. This present study examined whether the expression profile of mechanosensitive genes correlates with the phenotype and outcome, thus, serving as a biomarker for AAA development. METHODS In this study, we identified mechanosensitive genes involved in AAA development using general bioinformatics methods and machine learning with six human datasets publicly available from the GEO database. Differentially expressed mechanosensitive genes (DEMGs) in AAAs were identified by differential expression analysis. Molecular biological functions of genes were explored using functional clustering, Protein-protein interaction (PPI), and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). According to the datasets (GSE98278, GSE205071 and GSE165470), the changes of diameter and aortic wall strength of AAA induced by DEMGs were verified by consensus clustering analysis, machine learning models, and statistical analysis. In addition, a model for identifying AAA subtypes was built using machine learning methods. RESULTS 38 DEMGs clustered in pathways regulating 'Smooth muscle cell biology' and 'Cell or Tissue connectivity'. By analyzing the GSE205071 and GSE165470 datasets, DEMGs were found to respond to differences in aneurysm diameter and vessel wall strength. Thus, in the merged datasets, we formally created subgroups of AAAs and found differences in immune characteristics between the subgroups. Finally, a model that accurately predicts the AAA subtype that is more likely to rupture was successfully developed. CONCLUSION We identified 38 DEMGs that may be involved in AAA. This gene cluster is involved in regulating the maximum vessel diameter, degree of immunoinflammatory infiltration, and strength of the local vessel wall in AAA. The prognostic model we developed can accurately identify the AAA subtypes that tend to rupture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Sheng
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qin Zeng
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Nanobiological Technology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Weihua Huang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Mingmei Liao
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Nanobiological Technology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Pu Yang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Domagała D, Data K, Szyller H, Farzaneh M, Mozdziak P, Woźniak S, Zabel M, Dzięgiel P, Kempisty B. Cellular, Molecular and Clinical Aspects of Aortic Aneurysm-Vascular Physiology and Pathophysiology. Cells 2024; 13:274. [PMID: 38334666 PMCID: PMC10854611 DOI: 10.3390/cells13030274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
A disturbance of the structure of the aortic wall results in the formation of aortic aneurysm, which is characterized by a significant bulge on the vessel surface that may have consequences, such as distention and finally rupture. Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a major pathological condition because it affects approximately 8% of elderly men and 1.5% of elderly women. The pathogenesis of AAA involves multiple interlocking mechanisms, including inflammation, immune cell activation, protein degradation and cellular malalignments. The expression of inflammatory factors, such as cytokines and chemokines, induce the infiltration of inflammatory cells into the wall of the aorta, including macrophages, natural killer cells (NK cells) and T and B lymphocytes. Protein degradation occurs with a high expression not only of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) but also of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), interferon gamma (IFN-γ) and chymases. The loss of extracellular matrix (ECM) due to cell apoptosis and phenotype switching reduces tissue density and may contribute to AAA. It is important to consider the key mechanisms of initiating and promoting AAA to achieve better preventative and therapeutic outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominika Domagała
- Division of Anatomy, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland; (D.D.); (K.D.); (H.S.); (S.W.)
| | - Krzysztof Data
- Division of Anatomy, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland; (D.D.); (K.D.); (H.S.); (S.W.)
| | - Hubert Szyller
- Division of Anatomy, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland; (D.D.); (K.D.); (H.S.); (S.W.)
| | - Maryam Farzaneh
- Fertility, Infertility and Perinatology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran;
| | - Paul Mozdziak
- Prestage Department of Poultry Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA;
- Physiology Graduate Faculty, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27613, USA
| | - Sławomir Woźniak
- Division of Anatomy, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland; (D.D.); (K.D.); (H.S.); (S.W.)
| | - Maciej Zabel
- Division of Histology and Embryology, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.Z.); (P.D.)
- Division of Anatomy and Histology, University of Zielona Góra, 65-046 Zielona Góra, Poland
| | - Piotr Dzięgiel
- Division of Histology and Embryology, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.Z.); (P.D.)
- Department of Physiotherapy, University School of Physical Education, 51-612 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Bartosz Kempisty
- Division of Anatomy, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland; (D.D.); (K.D.); (H.S.); (S.W.)
- Physiology Graduate Faculty, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27613, USA
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 87-100 Torun, Poland
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital and Masaryk University, 602 00 Brno, Czech Republic
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5
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Elster C, Ommer-Bläsius M, Lang A, Vajen T, Pfeiler S, Feige M, Yau Pang T, Böttenberg M, Verheyen S, Lê Quý K, Chernigovskaya M, Kelm M, Winkels H, Schmidt SV, Greiff V, Gerdes N. Application and challenges of TCR and BCR sequencing to investigate T- and B-cell clonality in elastase-induced experimental murine abdominal aortic aneurysm. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1221620. [PMID: 38034381 PMCID: PMC10686233 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1221620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background An abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a life-threatening cardiovascular disease. Although its pathogenesis is still poorly understood, recent evidence suggests that AAA displays autoimmune disease characteristics. Particularly, T cells responding to AAA-related antigens in the aortic wall may contribute to an initial immune response. Single-cell RNA (scRNA) T cell receptor (TCR) and B cell receptor (BCR) sequencing is a powerful tool for investigating clonality. However, difficulties such as limited numbers of isolated cells must be considered during implementation and data analysis, making biological interpretation challenging. Here, we perform a representative single-cell immune repertoire analysis in experimental murine AAA and show a reliable bioinformatic processing pipeline highlighting opportunities and limitations of this approach. Methods We performed scRNA TCR and BCR sequencing of isolated lymphocytes from the infrarenal aorta of male C57BL/6J mice 3, 7, 14, and 28 days after AAA induction via elastase perfusion of the aorta. Sham-operated mice at days 3 and 28 and non-operated mice served as controls. Results Comparison of complementarity-determining region (CDR3) length distribution of 179 B cells and 796 T cells revealed neither differences between AAA and control nor between the disease stages. We found no clonal expansion of B cells in AAA. For T cells, we identified several clones in 11 of 16 AAA samples and one of eight control samples. Immune receptor repertoire comparison indicated that only a few clones were shared between the individual AAA samples. The most frequently used V-genes in the TCR beta chain in AAA were TRBV3, TRBV19, and the splicing variant TRBV12-2 + TRBV13-2. Conclusion We found no clonal expansion of B cells but evidence for clonal expansion of T cells in elastase-induced AAA in mice. Our findings imply that a more precise characterization of TCR and BCR distribution requires a more extensive number of lymphocytes to prevent undersampling and potentially detect rare clones. Thus, further experiments are necessary to confirm our findings. In summary, this paper examines TCR and BCR sequencing results, identifies limitations and pitfalls, and offers guidance for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christin Elster
- Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, Medical Faculty and University Hospital, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Miriam Ommer-Bläsius
- Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, Medical Faculty and University Hospital, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Alexander Lang
- Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, Medical Faculty and University Hospital, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Tanja Vajen
- Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, Medical Faculty and University Hospital, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Susanne Pfeiler
- Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, Medical Faculty and University Hospital, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Milena Feige
- Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, Medical Faculty and University Hospital, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Tin Yau Pang
- Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, Medical Faculty and University Hospital, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Department of Biology, Institute for Computer Science, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Marius Böttenberg
- Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, Medical Faculty and University Hospital, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Sarah Verheyen
- Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, Medical Faculty and University Hospital, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Khang Lê Quý
- Department of Immunology, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Maria Chernigovskaya
- Department of Immunology, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Malte Kelm
- Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, Medical Faculty and University Hospital, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf (CARID), Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Holger Winkels
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Susanne V. Schmidt
- Institute of Innate Immunity, Medical Faculty and University Hospital, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University, Bonn, Germany
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Victor Greiff
- Department of Immunology, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Norbert Gerdes
- Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, Medical Faculty and University Hospital, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf (CARID), Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
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Liu S, Long C, Hong Y, Gu X, Weng R, Zhong Z. Prevalence of risk factors associated with rupture of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA): a single center retrospective study. PeerJ 2023; 11:e15752. [PMID: 37554333 PMCID: PMC10405793 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a severe cardiovascular disease. The mortality rate for an AAA rupture is very high. Understanding the risk factors for AAA rupture would help AAA management, but little is known about these risk factors in the Chinese population. METHODS This retrospective study included patients that were diagnosed with AAA during the last 5 years in a large national hospital in southern China. AAA patients were divided into a rupture and non-rupture group. Clinical data were extracted from the hospital medical record system. Clinical features were compared between the rupture and non-rupture groups. The associations between potential risk factors and rupture risk were evaluated using a multivariate logistic regression analysis. RESULTS A total of 337 AAA patients were included for analysis in the present study. AAA diameter was significantly larger, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and serum creatinine levels were both significantly higher in AAA rupture patients. High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and total cholesterol (TC) levels were significantly lower in AAA rupture patients. After adjustment, the multivariate logistic analysis found that AAA diameter and hs-CRP were independently positively associated with AAA rupture, and HDL-C level was adversely associated with AAA rupture. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggests that larger AAA diameter and higher hs-CRP level are associated with a higher risk of AAA rupture, and higher HDL-C level is associated with a lower risk of AAA rupture. The results of this study may be helpful for the management of AAA patients in southern China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudong Liu
- Research Experimental Center, Meizhou People’s Hospital (Huangtang Hospital), Meizhou, China
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Molecular Diagnostics for Cardiovascular Diseases, Meizhou, China
| | - Caifu Long
- Meizhou Clinical Medical School, Guangdong Medical University, Meizhou, China
| | - Yuanjia Hong
- Meizhou Clinical Medical School, Guangdong Medical University, Meizhou, China
| | - Xiaodong Gu
- Research Experimental Center, Meizhou People’s Hospital (Huangtang Hospital), Meizhou, China
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Molecular Diagnostics for Cardiovascular Diseases, Meizhou, China
| | - Ruiqiang Weng
- Research Experimental Center, Meizhou People’s Hospital (Huangtang Hospital), Meizhou, China
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Molecular Diagnostics for Cardiovascular Diseases, Meizhou, China
| | - Zhixiong Zhong
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Molecular Diagnostics for Cardiovascular Diseases, Meizhou, China
- Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Meizhou People’s Hospital (Huangtang Hospital), Meizhou, China
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Yu H, Jiao X, Yang Y, Lv Q, Du Z, Li L, Hu C, Du Y, Zhang J, Li F, Sun Q, Wang Y, Chen D, Zhang X, Qin Y. ANGPTL8 deletion attenuates abdominal aortic aneurysm formation in ApoE-/- mice. Clin Sci (Lond) 2023; 137:979-993. [PMID: 37294581 PMCID: PMC10311111 DOI: 10.1042/cs20230031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Angiopoietin-like protein 8 (ANGPTL8) plays important roles in lipid metabolism, glucose metabolism, inflammation, and cell proliferation and migration. Clinical studies have indicated that circulating ANGPTL8 levels are increased in patients with thoracic aortic dissection (TAD). TAD shares several risk factors with abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). However, the role of ANGPTL8 in AAA pathogenesis has never been investigated. Here, we investigated the effect of ANGPTL8 knockout on AAA in ApoE-/- mice. ApoE-/-ANGPTL8-/- mice were generated by crossing ANGPTL8-/- and ApoE-/- mice. AAA was induced in ApoE-/- using perfusion of angiotensin II (AngII). ANGPTL8 was significantly up-regulated in AAA tissues of human and experimental mice. Knockout of ANGPTL8 significantly reduced AngII-induced AAA formation, elastin breaks, aortic inflammatory cytokines, matrix metalloproteinase expression, and smooth muscle cell apoptosis in ApoE-/- mice. Similarly, ANGPTL8 sh-RNA significantly reduced AngII-induced AAA formation in ApoE-/- mice. ANGPTL8 deficiency inhibited AAA formation, and ANGPTL8 may therefore be a potential therapeutic target for AAA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huahui Yu
- The Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xiaolu Jiao
- The Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yunyun Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Qianwen Lv
- The Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Zhiyong Du
- The Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Linyi Li
- The Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Chaowei Hu
- The Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yunhui Du
- The Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Fan Li
- The Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Qiuju Sun
- The Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yu Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Dong Chen
- Department of Pathology, Beijing AnZhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xiaoping Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yanwen Qin
- The Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
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Development of pharmacotherapies for abdominal aortic aneurysms. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 153:113340. [PMID: 35780618 PMCID: PMC9514980 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The cardiovascular field is still searching for a treatment for abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA). This inflammatory disease often goes undiagnosed until a late stage and associated rupture has a high mortality rate. No pharmacological treatment options are available. Three hallmark factors of AAA pathology include inflammation, extracellular matrix remodeling, and vascular smooth muscle dysfunction. Here we discuss drugs for AAA treatment that have been studied in clinical trials by examining the drug targets and data present for each drug's ability to regulate the aforementioned three hallmark pathways in AAA progression. Historically, drugs that were examined in interventional clinical trials for treatment of AAA were repurposed therapeutics. Novel treatments (biologics, small-molecule compounds etc.) have not been able to reach the clinic, stalling out in pre-clinical studies. Here we discuss the backgrounds of previous investigational drugs in hopes of better informing future development of potential therapeutics. Overall, the highlighted themes discussed here stress the importance of both centralized anti-inflammatory drug targets and rigor of translatability. Exceedingly few murine studies have examined an intervention-based drug treatment in halting further growth of an established AAA despite interventional treatment being the therapeutic approach taken to treat AAA in a clinical setting. Additionally, data suggest that a potentially successful drug target may be a central inflammatory biomarker. Specifically, one that can effectively modulate all three hallmark factors of AAA formation, not just inflammation. It is suggested that inhibiting PGE2 formation with an mPGES-1 inhibitor is a leading drug target for AAA treatment to this end.
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Lin S, Morgant MC, Marín-Castrillón DM, Walker PM, Glélé LSA, Boucher A, Presles B, Bouchot O, Lalande A. Aortic local biomechanical properties in ascending aortic aneurysms. Acta Biomater 2022; 149:40-50. [PMID: 35714897 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
Ascending aortic aneurysm (AsAA) is a high-risk cardiovascular disease with an increased incidence over years. In this study, we compare different risk factors based on the pre-failure behavior (from a biomechanical point of view) obtained ex-vivo from an equi-biaxial tensile test. A total of 100 patients (63 ± 12 years, 72 males) with AsAA replacement, were recruited. Equi-biaxial tensile tests of AsAA walls were performed on freshly sampled aortic wall tissue after ascending aortic replacement. The aneurysmal aortic walls were divided into four quadrants (medial, anterior, lateral, and posterior) and two directions (longitudinal and circumferential) were considered. The stiffness was represented by the maximum Young Modulus (MYM). Based on patient information, the following subgroups were considered: age, gender, hypertension, obesity, dyslipidemia, diabetes, smoking history, aortic insufficiency, aortic stenosis, coronary artery disease, aortic diameter and aortic valve type. In general, when the aortic diameter increased, the aortic wall became thicker. In terms of the MYM, the longitudinal direction was significantly higher than that in the circumferential direction. In the multivariant analysis, the impact factors of age (p = 0.07), smoking (p = 0.05), diabetes (p = 0.03), aortic stenosis (p = 0.02), coronary artery disease (p < 10-3), and aortic diameters (p = 0.02) were significantly influencing the MYM. There was no significant MYM difference when the patients presented arterial hypertension, dyslipidemia, obesity, or bicuspid aortic valve. To conclude, the pre-failure aortic stiffness is multi-factorial, according to our population of 100 patients with AsAA. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: : Our research on the topic of "Aortic local biomechanical properties in case of ascending aortic aneurysms" is about the biomechanical properties on one hundred aortic samples according to the aortic wall quadrants and the direction. More than ten factors and risks which may impact ascending aortic aneurysms have been studied. According to our knowledge, so far, this article involved the largest population on this topic. It will be our pleasure to share this information with all the readers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyu Lin
- ImViA laboratory, University of Burgundy, Dijon, France.
| | - Marie Catherine Morgant
- ImViA laboratory, University of Burgundy, Dijon, France; Department of Cardio-Vascular and Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital of Dijon, Dijon, France
| | | | - Paul M Walker
- ImViA laboratory, University of Burgundy, Dijon, France; Department of Medical Imaging, University Hospital of Dijon, Dijon, France
| | | | | | | | - Olivier Bouchot
- ImViA laboratory, University of Burgundy, Dijon, France; Department of Cardio-Vascular and Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital of Dijon, Dijon, France
| | - Alain Lalande
- ImViA laboratory, University of Burgundy, Dijon, France; Department of Medical Imaging, University Hospital of Dijon, Dijon, France
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10
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Hsa_circ_0087352 promotes the inflammatory response of macrophages in abdominal aortic aneurysm by adsorbing hsa-miR-149-5p. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 107:108691. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.108691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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11
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Kilic T, Okuno K, Eguchi S, Kassiri Z. Disintegrin and Metalloproteinases (ADAMs [A Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase] and ADAMTSs [ADAMs With a Thrombospondin Motif]) in Aortic Aneurysm. Hypertension 2022; 79:1327-1338. [PMID: 35543145 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.122.17963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Aortic aneurysm is a complex pathology that can be lethal if not detected in time. Although several molecular mechanisms and pathways have been identified to be involved in aortic aneurysm development and growth, the current lack of an effective pharmacological treatment highlights the need for a more thorough understanding of the factors that regulate the remodeling of the aortic wall in response to triggers that lead to aneurysm formation. This task is further complicated by the regional heterogeneity of the aorta and that thoracic and abdominal aortic aneurysm are distinct pathologies with different risk factors and distinct course of progression. ADAMs (a disintegrin and metalloproteinases) and ADAMTS (ADAMs with a thrombospondin motif) are proteinases that share similarities with other proteinases but possess unique and diverse properties that place them in a category of their own. In this review, we discuss what is known on how ADAMs and ADAMTSs are altered in abdominal aortic aneurysm and thoracic aortic aneurysm in patients, in different animal models, and their role in regulating the function of different vascular and inflammatory cell types. A full understanding of the role of ADAMs and ADAMTSs in aortic aneurysm will help reveal a more complete understanding of the underlying mechanism driving aneurysm formation, which will help towards developing an effective treatment in preventing or limiting the growth of aortic aneurysm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tolga Kilic
- Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (T.K., Z.K.)
| | - Keisuke Okuno
- Cardiovascular Research Center and Department of Cardiovascular Science, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA (K.O., S.E.)
| | - Satoru Eguchi
- Cardiovascular Research Center and Department of Cardiovascular Science, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA (K.O., S.E.)
| | - Zamaneh Kassiri
- Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (T.K., Z.K.)
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12
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Kori M, Cig D, Arga KY, Kasavi C. Multiomics Data Integration Identifies New Molecular Signatures for Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm and Aortic Occlusive Disease: Implications for Early Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Therapeutic Targets. OMICS : A JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE BIOLOGY 2022; 26:290-304. [PMID: 35447046 DOI: 10.1089/omi.2022.0021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death among adults in developed countries. Among CVDs, abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) and aortic occlusive disease (AOD) are of great public health importance because of the high mortality rate in the elderly population. Despite significant molecular insights into AAA and AOD, the molecular mechanisms of these diseases remain unclear, and the current lack of robust diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers requires novel approaches to biomarker discovery and molecular targeting. In this study, we performed a comparative analysis of genome-wide expression data from patients with large AAA (n = 29), small AAA (n = 20), AOD (n = 9), and controls (n = 10). Specifically, we identified the differentially expressed genes and associated molecular pathways and biological processes (BPs) in each disease. Using a systems science approach, these data were linked to comprehensive human biological networks (i.e., protein-protein interaction, transcriptional regulatory, and metabolic networks) to identify molecular signatures of the salient mechanisms of AAA and AOD. Significant alterations in lipid metabolism and valine, leucine, and isoleucine metabolism, as well as neurodegenerative diseases and sex differences in the pathogenesis of AAA and AOD were identified. In the presence of aneurysm, size-dependent changes in lipid metabolism were observed. In addition, molecules and signaling pathways related to immunity, inflammation, infectious disease, and oxidative phosphorylation were identified in common. The results of the comparative and integrative analyzes revealed important clues to disease mechanisms and reporter molecules at various levels that warrant future development as potential prognostic biomarkers and putative therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Medi Kori
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Defne Cig
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Kazim Yalcin Arga
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Genetic and Metabolic Diseases Research and Investigation Center (GEMHAM), Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ceyda Kasavi
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
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13
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Weng Y, Lou J, Bao Y, Cai C, Zhu K, Du C, Chen X, Tang L. Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Technology Revealed the Pivotal Role of Fibroblast Heterogeneity in Angiotensin II-Induced Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms. DNA Cell Biol 2022; 41:498-520. [PMID: 35451888 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2021.0923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanism of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) has not been fully elucidated. In this study, we aimed to map the cellular heterogeneity, molecular alteration, and functional transformation of angiotensin (Ang) II-induced AAA in mice based on single-cell RNA sequencing (sc-RNA seq) technology. sc-RNA seq was performed on suprarenal abdominal aorta tissue from male Apoe-/- C57BL/6 mice of Ang II-induced AAA and shame models to determine the heterogeneity and phenotypic transformation of all cells. Immunohistochemistry was used to determine the pathophysiological characteristics of AAA. The single-cell trajectory was performed to predict the differentiation of fibroblasts. Finally ligand-receptor analysis was used to evaluate intercellular communication between fibroblasts and smooth muscle cells (SMCs). More than 27,000 cells were isolated and 25 clusters representing 8 types of cells were identified, including fibroblasts, macrophages, endothelial cells, SMCs, T lymphocytes, B lymphocytes, granulocytes, and natural killer cells. During AAA progression, the function and phenotype of different type cells altered separately, including activation of inflammatory cells, alternations of macrophage polarization, phenotypic transformation of vascular smooth muscle cells, and endothelial to mesenchymal transformation. The alterations of fibroblasts were the most conspicuous. Single-cell trajectory revealed the critical reprogramming genes of fibroblasts mainly enriched in regulation of immune system. Finally, the ligand-receptor analysis confirmed that disorder of collagen metabolism led by fibroblasts was one of the most prominent characteristics of Ang II-induced AAA. Our study revealed the cellular heterogeneity of Ang II-induced AAA. Fibroblasts may play a critical role in Ang II-induced AAA progression according to multiple biological functions, including immune regulation and extracellular matrix metabolic balance. Our study may provide us with a different perspective on the etiology and pathogenesis of AAA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingzheng Weng
- Department of Cardiology, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiangjie Lou
- Department of Cardiology, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yizong Bao
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Geriatrics, Department of Geriatrics, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Changhong Cai
- Department of Cardiology, Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui Municipal Central Hospital, Lishui, China
| | - Kefu Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Changqing Du
- Department of Cardiology, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Medicine, The Second College of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaofeng Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Taizhou Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, China.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Lijiang Tang
- Department of Cardiology, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Medicine, The Second College of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
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14
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Establishment of a Combined Diagnostic Model of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm with Random Forest and Artificial Neural Network. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:7173972. [PMID: 35299890 PMCID: PMC8922147 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7173972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Objectives. Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), a disease with high mortality, is limited by the current diagnostic methods in the early screening. This study aimed to screen novel and significant biomarkers and construct a diagnostic model for AAA by using a novel machine learning method, i.e., an ensemble of the random forest (RF) algorithm and artificial neural network (ANN). Methods and Results. Through a search of the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, two large-sample gene expression datasets (GSE57691 and GSE47472) were downloaded and preprocessed. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in GSE57691 were identified by R software, followed by Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment using the Database for Annotation, Visualization, and Integrated Discovery (DAVID). Essential metabolic pathways related to positive regulation of cell death and NAD binding were found. Then, RF was used to identify key genes from the DEGs, and an AAA diagnostic model was established by ANN. A transcription factor (TF) regulatory network of key genes related to angiogenesis and endothelial migration was constructed. Finally, a validation dataset was used to validate the model and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) value was high. Conclusion. Potential AAA-associated gene biomarkers were identified by RF, and a novel early diagnostic model of AAA was established by ANN. The AUC indicated that the diagnostic model had a highly satisfactory diagnostic performance. In conclusion, this study will provide a promising theoretical basis for further clinical and experimental studies.
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15
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Athero-occlusive Disease Appears to be Associated with Slower Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Growth: An Exploratory Analysis of the TEDY Trial. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2022; 63:632-640. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejvs.2021.12.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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16
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Nyrønning LÅ, Hultgren R, Albrektsen G, Mattsson E, Stenman M. Prognostic impact of depressive symptoms on all-cause mortality in individuals with abdominal aortic aneurysm and in the general population: a population-based prospective HUNT study in Norway. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e049055. [PMID: 35039280 PMCID: PMC8765023 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-049055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a potentially life-threatening disease but the high mortality rate is linked to high age and comorbidity pattern. Depression is associated with increased mortality in the general population and individuals with cardiovascular diseases, but this is sparsely studied for AAA. The aim was to examine the prognostic impact of depressive symptoms on all-cause mortality in individuals with AAA and compare with findings in a general population of the same age and risk profile. METHODS Population-based prospective study including 36 616 participants (52.1% women) from the Trøndelag Health Study in Norway. A total of 9428 individuals died during a median follow-up of 10 years at ages 60-90 years. Depressive symptoms were defined by a Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale-Depression score ≥8. Data on AAA diagnoses and death were obtained from medical records and national registers. HRs from Cox proportional hazard regression models are reported. RESULTS A total of 4832 (13.2%) individuals reported depressive symptoms, whereas 583 (1.6%) AAAs were identified. The adjusted hazard of death was 2.66 times higher in persons with AAA compared with the general population (95% CI 2.39 to 2.97). Overall, there was no significant adverse effect of depressive symptoms in individuals with AAA (HR 1.15;95% CI 0.88 to 1.51), whereas an increased risk was seen in the general population (HR 1.23;95% CI 1.17 to 1.30). CONCLUSION The overall risk of death was considerably higher in individuals with AAA compared with a general population of the same age and risk profile. Depressive symptoms did not significantly influence the risk of death in the AAA group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linn Å Nyrønning
- Department of Surgery, Vascular Surgery, St Olav University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, NTNU, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Rebecka Hultgren
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Grethe Albrektsen
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, NTNU, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, NTNU, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Erney Mattsson
- Department of Surgery, Vascular Surgery, St Olav University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, NTNU, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Malin Stenman
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Perioperative Medicine and Intensive Care function, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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17
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Acosta S, Fatemi S, Melander O, Engström G, Gottsäter A. Prospective Comparison of Plasma Biomarker and Traditional Risk Factor Profiles for Incident Isolated Atherosclerotic Disease and Incident Isolated Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 8:818656. [PMID: 35097031 PMCID: PMC8790118 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.818656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Traditional risk factors for atherosclerotic disease (AD) are well-known, of which some are relevant also for abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA). The present study compares the importance of plasma biomarkers and traditional risk factor profiles for incident AD without concomitant AAA (isolated AD) and AAA without concomitant AD (isolated AAA) during long-term follow-up. Methods: In the Malmö Diet and Cancer Study—cardiovascular cohort, 5,381 participants were free from atrial fibrillation or flutter, AD (coronary artery disease, atherothrombotic ischemic stroke, carotid artery disease, or peripheral artery disease), and AAA underwent blood sampling under standardized fasting conditions between 1991 and 1994. Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was used to calculate hazard ratios (HR) with 95% CIs. Results: During a median follow-up of 23.1 years, 1,152 participants developed isolated AD, and 44 developed isolated AAA. Adjusted HR for lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (mass) (HR 1.53, 95% CI 1.14–2.04 vs. HR 1.05, 95% CI.99–1.12) was higher for incident isolated AAA compared to incident isolated AD, respectively. Mid-regional pro-adrenomedullin (MR-proADM) was associated with incident isolated AD (HR 1.17, 95% CI 1.1–1.25) and incident isolated AAA (HR 1.47, 95% CI 1.15–1.88). MR-proADM was correlated (r = 0.32; p < 0.001) to body mass index (BMI), and BMI was associated with increased risk of incident isolated AAA (HR 1.43, 95% CI 1.02–2). No participant with diabetes mellitus (DM) at baseline developed isolated AAA (0/44), whereas DM was associated with an increased risk of isolated AD (HR 2.57, 95% CI 2.08–3.18). Adjusted HR for male sex (HR 4.8, 95% CI 2.42–9.48, vs. HR 1.76, 95% CI 1.56–1.98) and current smoking (HR 4.79, 95% CI 2.42–9.47 vs. HR 1.97, 95% CI 1.73–2.23) were higher in the incident isolated AAA group compared to the incident isolated AD group, respectively. Conclusions: The data supports the view that components of vascular inflammation and cardiovascular stress drives AAA development, whereas glycated cross-links in abdominal aortic wall tissue may have a plausible role in reducing AAA risk in individuals with DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Acosta
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
- Vascular Centre, Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Malmö, Sweden
- *Correspondence: Stefan Acosta
| | - Shahab Fatemi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
- Vascular Centre, Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Olle Melander
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Internal Medicine and Emergency Medicine, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Gunnar Engström
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Anders Gottsäter
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Internal Medicine and Emergency Medicine, Malmö, Sweden
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18
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Kessler V, Klopf J, Eilenberg W, Neumayer C, Brostjan C. AAA Revisited: A Comprehensive Review of Risk Factors, Management, and Hallmarks of Pathogenesis. Biomedicines 2022; 10:94. [PMID: 35052774 PMCID: PMC8773452 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10010094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite declining incidence and mortality rates in many countries, the abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) continues to represent a life-threatening cardiovascular condition with an overall prevalence of about 2-3% in the industrialized world. While the risk of AAA development is considerably higher for men of advanced age with a history of smoking, screening programs serve to detect the often asymptomatic condition and prevent aortic rupture with an associated death rate of up to 80%. This review summarizes the current knowledge on identified risk factors, the multifactorial process of pathogenesis, as well as the latest advances in medical treatment and surgical repair to provide a perspective for AAA management.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Christine Brostjan
- Department of General Surgery, Division of Vascular Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna General Hospital, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (V.K.); (J.K.); (W.E.); (C.N.)
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19
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LncRNA GAS5 promotes abdominal aortic aneurysm formation through regulating the miR-185-5p/ADCY7 axis. Anticancer Drugs 2021; 33:225-234. [DOI: 10.1097/cad.0000000000001090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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20
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Ko KJ, Yoo JH, Cho HJ, Kim MH, Jun KW, Han KD, Hwang JK. The Impact of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm on Cardiovascular Diseases. Int Heart J 2021; 62:1235-1240. [PMID: 34853219 DOI: 10.1536/ihj.21-328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) including myocardial infarction (MI) and stroke are often diagnosed in patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). However, little has been reported regarding the incidence.Patients with AAA were selected from the National Health Insurance system in South Korea between 2009 and 2015. A total of 10,822 participants with a new diagnosis of AAA were included. Propensity score matching by age and sex with patients in whom AAA was not diagnosed was used to select the control group of 32,466 participants. Primary endpoints included the diagnosis of CVD and death. Cox proportional hazard models were used to compare the risk of disease incidence.The incidence of CVD was 16.573 per 1,000 person-years in the AAA group, which was higher than that of the control group's 9.30 per 1,000 person-years. The incidence of MI (hazard ratio [HR], 1.7; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.479-1.953), stroke (HR, 1.629; 95% CI, 1.443-1.839), and CVD (HR, 1.672; 95% CI, 1.522-1.835) was significantly higher in patients with AAA. Mortality rate was also elevated in the AAA group (HR, 2.544; 95% CI, 2.377-2.722).The incidence of CVD was significantly more frequent in patients with AAA. The AAA group had consistently higher risks regarding CVD and mortality than the control group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Jai Ko
- Department of Surgery, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital
| | - Ju Hwan Yoo
- Department of Biomedicine and Health Science, The Catholic University of Korea
| | - Hyung Jin Cho
- Division of Vascular and Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, Eunpyeong St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea
| | - Mi Hyeong Kim
- Division of Vascular and Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, Eunpyeong St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea
| | - Kang Woong Jun
- Division of Vascular and Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea
| | - Kyung Do Han
- Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, Soongsil University
| | - Jeong Kye Hwang
- Division of Vascular and Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, Eunpyeong St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea
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21
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Wang P, Wang W, Peng X, Ruan F, Yang S. Effect of chromogranin A N-terminal fragment vasostatin-1 nano-carrier transfection on abdominal aortic aneurysm formation. Bioengineered 2021; 12:11018-11029. [PMID: 34839793 PMCID: PMC8810023 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.2005222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of transfection of N-terminal fragment of chromogranin A Vasostatin-1 (VS-1) nanocarriers on formation of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) were discussed, and its mechanism was analyzed. Nanoparticles containing VS-1 genes were prepared by emulsion solvent evaporation method, and property of nanoparticles was examined. A total of 30 male SD rats were divided randomly into sham group (normal saline), AAA group (Type I porcine pancreatic elastase), and VS-1 group (Type I porcine pancreatic elastase+VS-1 suspension liquid). The diameter dilation of rats was measured, abdominal aortic morphology was observed by HE staining, and levels of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) were examined by immunohistochemistry and Western blot. Correlation between AMPK as well as mTOR and diameter dilation was analyzed by Pearson correlation. VS-1 genes in VS-1 nanoparticles were 4.51% and coating efficiency of genes was 88%. Compared with rats in sham group, diameter dilation of rats in AAA group increased, damage of abdominal aorta in rats was obvious, p-AMPK decreased, and p-mTOR increased in AAA group. Compared with AAA group, diameter dilation of rats in VS-1 group decreased, abdominal aorta of rats was improved, p-AMPK increased, and p-mTOR decreased. The comparison of all above indicators had statistical meaning (P < 0.05). p-AMPK and p-mTOR were negatively (r = −0.9150 and P = 0.006) and positively correlated with the diameter dilation (r = −0.9206 and P = 0.001). VS-1 nanoparticles could inhibit the formation of AAA, which might be related to the activation of AMPK/mTOR signal path.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingshan Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi Province, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi Province, China
| | - Xingxing Peng
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi Province, China
| | - Fugui Ruan
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi Province, China
| | - Shiyao Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi Province, China
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22
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Chin W, Chan J, Tarkas TN, Meharban N, Munir W, Bashir M. The association of ANRIL with coronary artery disease and aortic aneurysms, how far does the gene desert go? Ann Vasc Surg 2021; 80:345-357. [PMID: 34780941 DOI: 10.1016/j.avsg.2021.10.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coronary artery disease (CAD) and aortic aneurysms (AA) are two cardiovascular diseases that share a multifactorial aetiology. The influence of family history and genetics on the two diseases separately and in association is well known, but poorly elucidated. This comprehensive review aims to examine the current literature on the gene ANRIL (antisense non-coding RNA in the INK4 locus) and its associations with CAD and AA. METHODS A database search on OVID, PubMed and Cochrane to identify articles concerning single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with ANRIL and their respective incidences of, and impact on, CAD and AA across populations. RESULTS Cohort studies across various ethnicities reveal that various ANRIL SNPs are significantly associated separately with CAD (rs1333040, rs1333049 and rs2383207) and AA (rs564398, rs10757278 and rs1333049), and that these SNPs are present in significant proportions of the population. SNP rs1333049 is significantly associated with both diseases, but is positively correlated with AAA and negatively correlated with CAD. This review further outlines several pathophysiological links via endothelial and adventitial cells, vascular smooth muscle cells and sense gene interaction, which may explain these genetic associations identified. CONCLUSION Given the associations uncovered between ANRIL polymorphisms and CAD and AA, as well as the molecular mechanisms which may explain the underlying pathophysiology, ANRIL appears to be strongly linked with both diseases. ANRIL may hence have a future application in screening normal patients and risk stratifying patients with both diseases. Its role in linking the two diseases is yet unclear, warranting further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Chin
- Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, E1 2AD, United Kingdom
| | - Jeremy Chan
- Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, E1 2AD, United Kingdom
| | - Tillana Nirav Tarkas
- Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, E1 2AD, United Kingdom
| | - Nehman Meharban
- Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, E1 2AD, United Kingdom
| | - Wahaj Munir
- Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, E1 2AD, United Kingdom
| | - Mohamad Bashir
- Vascular & Endovascular Surgery, Velindre University Hospital NHS Trust, Health & Education Improvement Wales, Cardiff, CF15 7QZ, United Kingdom.
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Sevil FC, Tort M, Özer Gökaslan Ç, Sevil H, Becit N. Incidence, follow-up and outcomes of incidental abdominal aortic aneurysms in computed tomography. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg 2021; 34:645-651. [PMID: 34788448 PMCID: PMC8972309 DOI: 10.1093/icvts/ivab319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Fehim Can Sevil
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University Hospital, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Tort
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University Hospital, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
| | - Çiğdem Özer Gökaslan
- Department of Radiology, Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University Hospital, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
| | - Hülya Sevil
- Department of Emergency, Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University Hospital, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
| | - Necip Becit
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University Hospital, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
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Ramprasath T, Han YM, Zhang D, Yu CJ, Zou MH. Tryptophan Catabolism and Inflammation: A Novel Therapeutic Target For Aortic Diseases. Front Immunol 2021; 12:731701. [PMID: 34630411 PMCID: PMC8496902 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.731701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Aortic diseases are the primary public health concern. As asymptomatic diseases, abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) and atherosclerosis are associated with high morbidity and mortality. The inflammatory process constitutes an essential part of a pathogenic cascade of aortic diseases, including atherosclerosis and aortic aneurysms. Inflammation on various vascular beds, including endothelium, smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration, and inflammatory cell infiltration (monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, etc.), play critical roles in the initiation and progression of aortic diseases. The tryptophan (Trp) metabolism or kynurenine pathway (KP) is the primary way of degrading Trp in most mammalian cells, disturbed by cytokines under various stress. KP generates several bioactive catabolites, such as kynurenine (Kyn), kynurenic acid (KA), 3-hydroxykynurenine (3-HK), etc. Depends on the cell types, these metabolites can elicit both hyper- and anti-inflammatory effects. Accumulating evidence obtained from various animal disease models indicates that KP contributes to the inflammatory process during the development of vascular disease, notably atherosclerosis and aneurysm development. This review outlines current insights into how perturbed Trp metabolism instigates aortic inflammation and aortic disease phenotypes. We also briefly highlight how targeting Trp metabolic pathways should be considered for treating aortic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tharmarajan Ramprasath
- Center for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Young-Min Han
- Center for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Donghong Zhang
- Center for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Chang-Jiang Yu
- Center for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Ming-Hui Zou
- Center for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States
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Bruijn LE, van Stroe Gómez CG, Curci JA, Golledge J, Hamming JF, Jones GT, Lee R, Matic L, van Rhijn C, Vriens PW, Wågsäter D, Xu B, Yamanouchi D, Lindeman JH. A histopathological classification scheme for abdominal aortic aneurysm disease. JVS Vasc Sci 2021; 2:260-273. [PMID: 34825232 PMCID: PMC8605212 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvssci.2021.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Two consensus histopathological classifications for thoracic aortic aneurysms (TAAs) and inflammatory aortic diseases have been issued to facilitate clinical decision-making and inter-study comparison. However, these consensus classifications do not specifically encompass abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs). Given its high prevalence and the existing profound pathophysiologic knowledge gaps, extension of the consensus classification scheme to AAAs would be highly instrumental. The aim of this study was to test the applicability of, and if necessary to adapt, the issued consensus classification schemes for AAAs. METHODS Seventy-two AAA anterolateral wall samples were collected during elective and emergency open aneurysm repair performed between 2002 and 2013. Histologic analysis (hematoxylin and eosin and Movat Pentachrome) and (semi-quantitative and qualitative) grading were performed in order to map the histological aspects of AAA. Immunohistochemistry was performed for visualization of aspects of the adaptive and innate immune system, and for a more detailed analysis of atherosclerotic lesions in AAA. RESULTS Because the existing consensus classification schemes do not adequately capture the aspects of AAA disease, an AAA-specific 11-point histopathological consensus classification was devised. Systematic application of this classification indicated several universal features for AAA (eg, [almost] complete elastolysis), but considerable variation for other aspects (eg, inflammation and atherosclerotic lesions). CONCLUSIONS This first multiparameter histopathological AAA consensus classification illustrates the sharp histological contrasts between thoracic and abdominal aneurysms. The value of the proposed scoring system for AAA disease is illustrated by its discriminatory capacity to identify samples from patients with a nonclassical (genetic) variant of AAA disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura E. Bruijn
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Charid G. van Stroe Gómez
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - John A. Curci
- Section of Surgical Sciences, Department of Vascular Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tenn
| | - Jonathan Golledge
- Queensland Research Centre for Peripheral Vascular Disease, College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, The Townsville University Hospital, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jaap F. Hamming
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Greg T. Jones
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Regent Lee
- Nuffield Dept. of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Headington, United Kingdom
| | - Ljubica Matic
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Connie van Rhijn
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Patrick W. Vriens
- Department of Surgery, Elisabeth-TweeSteden Ziekenhuis, Tilburg, the Netherlands
| | - Dick Wågsäter
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Baohui Xu
- Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif
| | - Dai Yamanouchi
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisc
| | - Jan H. Lindeman
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, the Netherlands
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Lieberg J, Wanhainen A, Ottas A, Vähi M, Zilmer M, Soomets U, Björck M, Kals J. Metabolomic Profile of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11080555. [PMID: 34436496 PMCID: PMC8401627 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11080555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is characterized by structural deterioration of the aortic wall, leading to aortic dilation and rupture. The aim was to compare 183 low molecular weight metabolites in AAA patients and aorta-healthy controls and to explore if low molecular weight metabolites are linked to AAA growth. Blood samples were collected from male AAA patients with fast (mean 3.3 mm/year; range 1.3-9.4 mm/year; n = 39) and slow growth (0.2 mm/year; range -2.6-1.1 mm/year; n = 40), and from controls with non-aneurysmal aortas (n = 79). Targeted analysis of 183 metabolites in plasma was performed with AbsoluteIDQ p180 kit. The samples were measured on a QTRAP 4500 coupled to an Agilent 1260 series HPLC. The levels of only four amino acids (histidine, asparagine, leucine, isoleucine) and four phosphatidylcholines (PC.ae.C34.3, PC.aa.C34.2, PC.ae.C38.0, lysoPC.a.C18.2) were found to be significantly lower (p < 0.05) after adjustment for confounders among the AAA patients compared with the controls. There were no differences in the metabolites distinguishing the AAA patients with slow or fast growth from the controls, or distinguishing the patients with slow growth from those with fast growth. The current study describes novel significant alterations in amino acids and phosphatidylcholines metabolism associated with AAA occurrence, but no associations were found with AAA growth rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jüri Lieberg
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tartu, 8 Puusepa Street, 51014 Tartu, Estonia;
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Tartu University Hospital, 8 Puusepa Street, 51014 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Anders Wanhainen
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Section of Vascular Surgery, Uppsala University, SE-751 85 Uppsala, Sweden; (A.W.); (M.B.)
| | - Aigar Ottas
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Centre of Excellence for Genomics and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 19 Ravila Street, 50411 Tartu, Estonia; (A.O.); (M.Z.); (U.S.)
| | - Mare Vähi
- Institute of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Tartu, 18 Narva mnt. Street, 51009 Tartu, Estonia;
| | - Mihkel Zilmer
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Centre of Excellence for Genomics and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 19 Ravila Street, 50411 Tartu, Estonia; (A.O.); (M.Z.); (U.S.)
| | - Ursel Soomets
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Centre of Excellence for Genomics and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 19 Ravila Street, 50411 Tartu, Estonia; (A.O.); (M.Z.); (U.S.)
| | - Martin Björck
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Section of Vascular Surgery, Uppsala University, SE-751 85 Uppsala, Sweden; (A.W.); (M.B.)
| | - Jaak Kals
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tartu, 8 Puusepa Street, 51014 Tartu, Estonia;
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Tartu University Hospital, 8 Puusepa Street, 51014 Tartu, Estonia
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Centre of Excellence for Genomics and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 19 Ravila Street, 50411 Tartu, Estonia; (A.O.); (M.Z.); (U.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +372-7318-292
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Li T, Li X, Liu X, Yang J, Ma C. The elevated expression of TLR4 and MMP9 in human abdominal aortic aneurysm tissues and its implication. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2021; 21:378. [PMID: 34348653 PMCID: PMC8336015 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-021-02193-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) have been investigated to play significant roles in the formation of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). But the reports on the expression pattern of TLR4 and MMP9 in human AAA specimens were relatively scant. The aim of this study was to make a detailed analysis of TLR4 and MMP9 expression in situ and their association with clinical parameters involved in human AAA. Methods 40 AAA specimens were obtained from full-thickness aneurysmal tissues at the maximal dilation area during the open surgical repair, and 8 non-aneurysmal abdominal aortas from transplant donors served as controls. Expression of TLR4 and MMP9 protein was determined by immunohistochemistry. Results There were increased levels of TLR4 and MMP9 expression in human AAA tissues. Compared with macrophages or SMCs, lymphocytes showed a higher positive rate of TLR4 and MMP9 staining, and an elevated ratio of high MMP9 expression (all P < 0.05). There existed a significant association between TLR4 and MMP9 expression (r = 0.767, P < 0.001), and both TLR4 and MMP9 levels were statistically related to circulating CRP. Moreover, TLR4 expression in situ indicated a positive correlation with its serum level (r = 0.654, P = 0.006). Multiple analysis revealed that high TLR4 expression in situ was associated with the risk of large AAA (OR = 6.211, 95%CI = 1.226–31.480, P = 0.027), while high MMP9 expression was correlated to the presence of thrombus within AAA (OR = 5.494, 95%CI = 1.181–25.562, P = 0.030), separately compared with their low expression. Conclusions This study confirmed the overexpression of TLR4 and MMP9 in human AAA tissues, and their close relationship implying in the pathogenesis of AAA. We further provided evidence that TLR4 had a potential effect on AAA size and MMP9 could influence the occurrence of thrombus within AAA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tan Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Ultrasound, the First Hospital of China Medical University, No. 155 Nanjing Bei Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xintong Li
- Department of Vascular and Thyroid Surgery, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaozheng Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Ultrasound, the First Hospital of China Medical University, No. 155 Nanjing Bei Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Ultrasound, the First Hospital of China Medical University, No. 155 Nanjing Bei Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Chunyan Ma
- Department of Cardiovascular Ultrasound, the First Hospital of China Medical University, No. 155 Nanjing Bei Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China.
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Circular RNA Expression: Its Potential Regulation and Function in Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:9934951. [PMID: 34306317 PMCID: PMC8263248 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9934951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) have posed a great threat to human life, and the necessity of its monitoring and treatment is decided by symptomatology and/or the aneurysm size. Accumulating evidence suggests that circular RNAs (circRNAs) contribute a part to the pathogenesis of AAAs. circRNAs are novel single-stranded RNAs with a closed loop structure and high stability, having become the candidate biomarkers for numerous kinds of human disorders. Besides, circRNAs act as molecular "sponge" in organisms, capable of regulating the transcription level. Here, we characterize that the molecular mechanisms underlying the role of circRNAs in AAA development were further elucidated. In the present work, studies on the biosynthesis, bibliometrics, and mechanisms of action of circRNAs were aims comprehensively reviewed, the role of circRNAs in the AAA pathogenic mechanism was illustrated, and their potential in diagnosing AAAs was examined. Moreover, the current evidence about the effects of circRNAs on AAA development through modulating endothelial cells (ECs), macrophages, and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) was summarized. Through thorough investigation, the molecular mechanisms underlying the role of circRNAs in AAA development were further elucidated. The results demonstrated that circRNAs had the application potential in the diagnosis and prevention of AAAs in clinical practice. The study of circRNA regulatory pathways would be of great assistance to the etiologic research of AAAs.
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Summerhill VI, Sukhorukov VN, Eid AH, Nedosugova LV, Sobenin IA, Orekhov AN. Pathophysiological Aspects of the Development of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm with a Special Focus on Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Genetic Associations. Biomol Concepts 2021; 12:55-67. [PMID: 34115932 DOI: 10.1515/bmc-2021-0007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a complex degenerative vascular disease, with considerable morbidity and mortality rates among the elderly population. The mortality of AAA is related to aneurysm expansion (the enlargement of the aortic diameter up to 30 mm and above) and the subsequent rupture. The pathogenesis of AAA involves several biological processes, including aortic mural inflammation, oxidative stress, vascular smooth muscle cell apoptosis, elastin depletion, and degradation of the extracellular matrix. Mitochondrial dysfunction was also found to be associated with AAA formation. The evidence accumulated to date supports a close relationship between environmental and genetic factors in AAA initiation and progression. However, a comprehensive pathophysiological understanding of AAA formation remains incomplete. The open surgical repair of AAA is the only therapeutic option currently available, while a specific pharmacotherapy is still awaited. Therefore, there is a great need to clarify pathophysiological cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying AAA formation that would help to develop effective pharmacological therapies. In this review, pathophysiological aspects of AAA development with a special focus on mitochondrial dysfunction and genetic associations were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Volha I Summerhill
- Department of Basic Research, Institute for Atherosclerosis Research, Moscow 121609, Russia
| | - Vasily N Sukhorukov
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Pathology of Cardiovascular System, Research Institute of Human Morphology, 3 Tsyurupa Street, Moscow 117418, Russia
| | - Ali H Eid
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, PO Box 2713, Doha, Qatar.,Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research Unit, QU Health, Qatar University, PO Box 2713, Doha, Qatar.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, PO Box 11-0236, Beirut-Lebanon
| | - Ludmila V Nedosugova
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 8/2 Trubenskaya Street, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Igor A Sobenin
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Pathology of Cardiovascular System, Research Institute of Human Morphology, 3 Tsyurupa Street, Moscow 117418, Russia.,Laboratory of Medical Genetics, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, 15A 3-rd Cherepkovskaya Street, Moscow 121552, Russia.,Laboratory of Angiopathology, Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 8 Baltiiskaya Street, Moscow 125315, Russia
| | - Alexander N Orekhov
- Department of Basic Research, Institute for Atherosclerosis Research, Moscow 121609, Russia.,Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Pathology of Cardiovascular System, Research Institute of Human Morphology, 3 Tsyurupa Street, Moscow 117418, Russia
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Weighted Gene Co-Expression Network Analysis Reveals Key Genes and Potential Drugs in Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9050546. [PMID: 34068179 PMCID: PMC8152975 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9050546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a prevalent aortic disease that causes high mortality due to asymptomatic gradual expansion and sudden rupture. The underlying molecular mechanisms and effective pharmaceutical therapy for preventing AAA progression have not been fully identified. In this study, we identified the key modules and hub genes involved in AAA growth from the GSE17901 dataset in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database through the weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). Key genes were further selected and validated in the mouse dataset (GSE12591) and human datasets (GSE7084, GSE47472, and GSE57691). Finally, we predicted drug candidates targeting key genes using the Drug-Gene Interaction database. Overall, we identified key modules enriched in the mitotic cell cycle, GTPase activity, and several metabolic processes. Seven key genes (CCR5, ADCY5, ADCY3, ACACB, LPIN1, ACSL1, UCP3) related to AAA progression were identified. A total of 35 drugs/compounds targeting the key genes were predicted, which may have the potential to prevent AAA progression.
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31
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Meekel JP, Dias-Neto M, Bogunovic N, Conceição G, Sousa-Mendes C, Stoll GR, Leite-Moreira A, Huynh J, Micha D, Eringa EC, Balm R, Blankensteijn JD, Yeung KK. Inflammatory Gene Expression of Human Perivascular Adipose Tissue in Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2021; 61:1008-1016. [PMID: 33858751 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejvs.2021.02.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) contributes to vascular homeostasis and is increasingly linked to vascular pathology. PVAT density and volume were associated with abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) presence and dimensions on imaging. However, mechanisms underlying the role of PVAT in AAA have not been clarified. This study aimed to explore differences in PVAT from AAA using gene expression and functional tests. METHODS Human aortic PVAT and control subcutaneous adipose tissue were collected during open AAA surgery. Gene analyses and functional tests were performed. The control group consisted of healthy aorta from non-living renal transplant donors. Gene expression tests were performed to study genes potentially involved in various inflammatory processes and AAA related genes. Live PVAT and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) from AAA were used for ex vivo co-culture with smooth muscle cells (SMCs) retrieved from non-pathological aortas. RESULTS Adipose tissue was harvested from 27 AAA patients (n [gene expression] = 22, n [functional tests] = 5) and five control patients. An increased inflammatory gene expression of PTPRC (p = .008), CXCL8 (p = .033), LCK (p = .003), CCL5 (p = .004) and an increase in extracellular matrix breakdown marker MMP9 (p = .016) were found in AAA compared with controls. Also, there was a decreased anti-inflammatory gene expression of PPARG in AAA compared with controls (p = .040). SMC co-cultures from non-pathological aortas with PVAT from AAA showed increased MMP9 (p = .033) and SMTN (p = .008) expression and SAT increased SMTN expression in these SMC. CONCLUSION The data revealed that PVAT from AAA shows an increased pro-inflammatory and matrix metallopeptidase gene expression and decreased anti-inflammatory gene expression. Furthermore, increased expression of genes involved in aneurysm formation was found in healthy SMC co-culture with PVAT of AAA patients. Therefore, PVAT from AAA might contribute to inflammation of the adjacent aortic wall and thereby plays a possible role in AAA pathophysiology. These proposed pathways of inflammatory induction could reveal new therapeutic targets in AAA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorn P Meekel
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, location VUmc, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Physiology, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Surgery, Zaans Medisch Centrum, Zaandam, the Netherlands
| | - Marina Dias-Neto
- Department of Angiology and Vascular Surgery, São João University Hospital Centre, Porto, Portugal; Department of Surgery and Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Portugal
| | - Natalija Bogunovic
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, location VUmc, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Physiology, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Gloria Conceição
- Department of Surgery and Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Portugal
| | - Claudia Sousa-Mendes
- Department of Surgery and Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Portugal
| | - Gawin R Stoll
- Department of Physiology, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Adelino Leite-Moreira
- Department of Surgery and Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Portugal
| | - Jennifer Huynh
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, location VUmc, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Physiology, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Dimitra Micha
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, location VUmc, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Etto C Eringa
- Department of Physiology, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ron Balm
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, location AMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jan D Blankensteijn
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, location VUmc, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Kak K Yeung
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, location VUmc, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Physiology, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Vascular Surgery, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, location AMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
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Abstract
Abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) are prevalent among older adults and can cause significant morbidity and mortality if not addressed in a timely fashion. Their etiology remains the topic of continued investigation. Known causes include trauma, infection, and inflammatory disorders. Risk factors include cigarette smoking, advanced age, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and coronary artery disease. The pathophysiology of the disease is related to an initial arterial insult causing a cascade of inflammation and extracellular matrix protein breakdown by proteinases leading to arterial wall weakening. When identified early, aneurysms must be monitored for size, growth rate, and other factors which could increase the risk of rupture. Factors predisposing to rupture include size, active smoking, rate of growth, aberrant biomechanical properties of the aneurysmal sac, and female sex. Medical management includes the control of risk factors that may prevent growth, stabilize the aneurysm, and prevent rupture. Surgical management prevents rupture of high risk aneurysms, most commonly predicted by size. Less frequently, surgical management is required when the aneurysm has ruptured. Surgery involves a multidisciplinary approach to evaluate the patient's risk profile and to develop an operative plan involving either an endovascular or an open surgical repair. The patient must be carefully monitored post-operatively for complications and, in the case of endovascular repairs, for endoleaks. AAA management has evolved rapidly in recent years. Technical and technological advances have transformed the diagnosis and treatment of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Anagnostakos
- Center for Vascular Research, University of Maryland, United States of America
| | - Brajesh K Lal
- Center for Vascular Research, University of Maryland, United States of America; University of Maryland, United States of America; Endovascular Surgery, University of Maryland Medical Center, United States of America; Baltimore VA Medical Center, United States of America.
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Marsman J, Gimenez G, Day RC, Horsfield JA, Jones GT. A non-coding genetic variant associated with abdominal aortic aneurysm alters ERG gene regulation. Hum Mol Genet 2021; 29:554-565. [PMID: 31691800 PMCID: PMC7068029 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddz256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Revised: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a major cause of sudden death in the elderly. While AAA has some overlapping genetic and environmental risk factors with atherosclerosis, there are substantial differences, and AAA-specific medication is lacking. A recent meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies has identified four novel single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) specifically associated with AAA. Here, we investigated the gene regulatory function for one of four non-coding SNPs associated with AAA, rs2836411, which is located in an intron of the ERG gene. Rs2836411 resides within a >70 kb super-enhancer that has high levels of H3K27ac and H3K4me1 in vascular endothelial and haematopoietic cell types. Enhancer luciferase assays in cell lines showed that the risk allele significantly alters enhancer activity. The risk allele also correlates with reduced ERG expression in aortic and other vascular tissues. To identify whether rs2836411 directly contacts the promoters of ERG and/or of genes further away, we performed allele-specific circular chromosome conformation capture sequencing. In vascular endothelial cells, which express ERG, the SNP region interacts highly within the super-enhancer, while in vascular smooth muscle cells, which do not express ERG, the interactions are distributed across a wider region that includes neighbouring genes. Furthermore, the risk allele has fewer interactions within the super-enhancer compared to the protective allele. In conclusion, our results indicate that rs2836411 likely affects ERG expression by altering enhancer activity and changing local chromatin interactions. ERG is involved in vascular development, angiogenesis, and inflammation in atherosclerosis; therefore mechanistically, rs2836411 could contribute to AAA by modulating ERG levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith Marsman
- Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
| | - Gregory Gimenez
- Department of Pathology, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
| | - Robert C Day
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
| | - Julia A Horsfield
- Department of Pathology, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
| | - Gregory T Jones
- Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
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Hou Y, Guo W, Fan T, Li B, Ge W, Gao R, Wang J. Advanced Research of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms on Metabolism. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:630269. [PMID: 33614752 PMCID: PMC7892590 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.630269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a cardiovascular disease with a high risk of death, seriously threatening the life and health of people. The specific pathogenesis of AAA is still not fully understood. In recent years, researchers have found that amino acid, lipid, and carbohydrate metabolism disorders play important roles in the occurrence and development of AAA. This review is aimed to summarize the latest research progress of the relationship between AAA progression and body metabolism. The body metabolism is closely related to the occurrence and development of AAA. It is necessary to further investigate the pathogenesis of AAA from the perspective of metabolism to provide theoretical basis for AAA diagnosis and drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangfeng Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Wenjun Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Tianfei Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Bolun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Weipeng Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ran Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Chen T, Zhang H, Zhang Y, Yang M, Wu J, Yang M, Lin J, Gao W, Tang L, Xu B, Jiang J, Chen X. Association of Circulating and Aortic Zinc and Copper Levels with Clinical Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm: a Meta-analysis. Biol Trace Elem Res 2021; 199:513-526. [PMID: 32557106 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-020-02187-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
It remains obscure whether circulating aortic zinc (Zn) and copper (Cu) levels are associated with the progress of human abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA). Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis to explore this relationship. A literature search on circulating and aortic zinc and copper levels and AAA patients was conducted using online databases including PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane up to March 20, 2019. To compare Zn and Cu concentrations in AAA patients with those in aortic occlusive disease (AOD) patients or healthy aorta donors or healthy blood donors, pooled weighted mean difference (WMD) and its 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated. Subgroup analysis, sensitivity analysis, and meta-regression analysis were applied to explain the heterogeneity and evaluate the robustness of combined results. A total of 10 cross-sectional studies, including 252 cases and 304 controls, were used for meta-analysis. We found that circulating zinc and Zn/Cu ratio in AAA patients were significantly lower [WMD (95%CI): - 2.23 (- 4.10, - 0.36); - 0.18 (- 0.31, - 0.05), respectively] than those in non-AAA patients. Similarly, aneurysmal aorta had significantly lower zinc levels and Zn/Cu ratio [WMD (95%CI): - 9.22 (- 15.37, - 3.07); - 6.46 (- 10.14, - 2.77), respectively] than those in control group. No difference in circulating or aortic copper levels was noted between AAA patients and control group [WMD (95%CI): - 0.24 (- 2.09, 1.61); 0.30 (- 0.01, 0.61) , respectively]. Our meta-analysis suggests that zinc levels and Zn-Cu ratio, but not copper levels, may influence aneurysmal progress of AAA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Taizhou Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, 317000, Zhejiang Province, China
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Taizhou Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, 317000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Hongliang Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Taizhou Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, 317000, Zhejiang Province, China
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Taizhou Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, 317000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Taizhou Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, 317000, Zhejiang Province, China
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Taizhou Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, 317000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Mengqi Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Taizhou Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, 317000, Zhejiang Province, China
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Taizhou Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, 317000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Juntao Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Taizhou Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, 317000, Zhejiang Province, China
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Taizhou Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, 317000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Minjun Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Taizhou Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, 317000, Zhejiang Province, China
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Taizhou Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, 317000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jiangbo Lin
- Department of Cardiology, Taizhou Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, 317000, Zhejiang Province, China
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Taizhou Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, 317000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Weixu Gao
- Department of Endocrinology, Taizhou Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, 317000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Lijiang Tang
- Department of Cardiology, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, 310013, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Baohui Xu
- Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Jianjun Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, Taizhou Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, 317000, Zhejiang Province, China
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Taizhou Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, 317000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xiaofeng Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Taizhou Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, 317000, Zhejiang Province, China.
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Taizhou Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, 317000, Zhejiang Province, China.
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Genkel V, Kuznetcova A, Shaposhnik I. Relationship between the abdominal aortic diameter and carotid atherosclerosis in middle-aged patients without established atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases. INT ANGIOL 2021; 40:131-137. [PMID: 33463974 DOI: 10.23736/s0392-9590.21.04493-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of our research was to study the relationship between the diameter of abdominal aorta (AA) and subclinical atherosclerosis in patients without established atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ASCD) in the absence of pathological enlargement of AA. METHODS The study included 136 patients (52.9% male, 47.1% female), median age was 51.0 (45.5; 58.0) years. The maximum diameter of AA was measured in the infrarenal region at a level between the place of origin of the lower renal artery and bifurcation in cross section. Measurement of the anteroposterior diameter of AA was carried out from the outer-to-outer edge (OTO). Also, we determined the Aortic Size Index (ASI) with respect to body surface area (BSA), using the values of BSA obtained by five different formulas validated for use in clinical practice. All patients underwent carotid duplex ultrasound scanning with assessment of degree of carotid stenosis (according to ECST criteria). RESULTS An increase in the anteroposterior diameter of AA was directly correlated with maximum stenosis of carotid arteries (r=0.186; P=0.030). According to the results of a logistic regression analysis an increase in the diameter of AA by 1 mm was associated with an increase in the relative risk of carotid stenosis ≥50% by 1.37 times (95% CI: 1.01-1.85; P=0.041) after adjustment. Thus, an increase in diameter of AA of more than 1.75 cm with a sensitivity of 71.4% and a specificity of 73.0% made it possible to predict the presence of stenosis of the carotid arteries ≥50%. An increase in ASI<inf>Boyd</inf> (BSA was calculated using Boyd's formula) of more than 0.84 allowed predicting the presence of stenosis of the carotid arteries ≥50% with a sensitivity of 85.7% and a specificity of 65.6%. CONCLUSIONS In middle-aged patients without established ASCD, the diameter of AA and ASI directly correlated with the degree of carotid stenosis (according to ECST criteria). The diameter of AA and ASI demonstrated good sensitivity and specificity for the presence of asymptomatic carotid stenosis of ≥50%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vadim Genkel
- Department of Internal Medicine, South-Ural State Medical University, Chelyabinsk, Russia -
| | - Alla Kuznetcova
- Department of Hospital Therapy, South-Ural State Medical University, Chelyabinsk, Russia
| | - Igor Shaposhnik
- Department of Internal Medicine, South-Ural State Medical University, Chelyabinsk, Russia
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Tedjawirja VN, Nieuwdorp M, Yeung KK, Balm R, de Waard V. A Novel Hypothesis: A Role for Follicle Stimulating Hormone in Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Development in Postmenopausal Women. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:726107. [PMID: 34721292 PMCID: PMC8548664 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.726107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
An abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a dilatation of the abdominal aorta, which can potentially be fatal due to exsanguination following rupture. Although AAA is less prevalent in women, women with AAA have a more severe AAA progression compared to men as reflected by enhanced aneurysm growth rates and a higher rupture risk. Women are diagnosed with AAA at an older age than men, and in line with increased osteoporosis and cardiovascular events, the delayed AAA onset has been attributed to the reduction of the protective effect of oestrogens during the menopausal transition. However, new insights have shown that a high follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) level during menopause may also play a key role in those diseases. In this report we hypothesize that FSH may aggravate AAA development and progression in postmenopausal women via a direct and/or indirect role, promoting aorta pathology. Since FSH receptors (FSHR) are reported on many other cell types than granulosa cells in the ovaries, it is feasible that FSH stimulation of FSHR-bearing cells such as aortic endothelial cells or inflammatory cells, could promote AAA formation directly. Indirectly, AAA progression may be influenced by an FSH-mediated increase in osteoporosis, which is associated with aortic calcification. Also, an FSH-mediated decrease in cholesterol uptake by the liver and an increase in cholesterol biosynthesis will increase the cholesterol level in the circulation, and subsequently promote aortic atherosclerosis and inflammation. Lastly, FSH-induced adipogenesis may lead to obesity-mediated dysfunction of the microvasculature of the aorta and/or modulation of the periaortic adipose tissue. Thus the long term increased plasma FSH levels during the menopausal transition may contribute to enhanced AAA disease in menopausal women and could be a potential novel target for treatment to lower AAA-related events in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria N. Tedjawirja
- Department of Surgery, Amsterdam University Medical Center (UMC), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- *Correspondence: Victoria N. Tedjawirja,
| | - Max Nieuwdorp
- Departments of Internal and Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Kak Khee Yeung
- Department of Surgery, Amsterdam University Medical Center (UMC), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Ron Balm
- Department of Surgery, Amsterdam University Medical Center (UMC), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Vivian de Waard
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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Migacz M, Janoska-Gawrońska A, Holecki M, Chudek J. The role of osteoprotegerin in the development, progression and management of abdominal aortic aneurysms. Open Med (Wars) 2020; 15:457-463. [PMID: 33336003 PMCID: PMC7712403 DOI: 10.1515/med-2020-0046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 01/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoprotegerin (OPG) appears to be a very promising marker both in the diagnosis of abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) and as a potential target in its treatment. This article presents an overview of the current literature that discusses the role of OPG in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and its potential value as a prognostic factor in AAA. Pharmacological modulation of OPG expression has been considered. In conclusion, it seems that further research designed to assess the relationship between OPG and AAA is needed as this may contribute to improved AAA monitoring and more effective treatment of patients with AAA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Migacz
- Department and Clinic of Internal, Autoimmune and Metabolic Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Poland
| | - Agata Janoska-Gawrońska
- Department and Clinic of Internal, Autoimmune and Metabolic Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Poland
| | - Michał Holecki
- Department and Clinic of Internal, Autoimmune and Metabolic Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Poland
| | - Jerzy Chudek
- Department and Clinic of Internal Medicine and Cancer Chemotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Poland
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Qi X, Wang F, Chun C, Saldarriaga L, Jiang Z, Pruitt EY, Arnaoutakis GJ, Upchurch GR, Jiang Z. A validated mouse model capable of recapitulating the protective effects of female sex hormones on ascending aortic aneurysms and dissections (AADs). Physiol Rep 2020; 8:e14631. [PMID: 33242364 PMCID: PMC7690909 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.14631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Fewer females develop AADs (ascending aortic aneurysms and dissections) and the reasons for this protection remain poorly understood. The present study seeks to develop a mouse model that may be utilized to address this sexual dimorphism. Adult normolipidemic mice were challenged with BAPN (β-aminopropionitrile), AngII (angiotensin II), or BAPN + AngII. An initial protocol optimization found that 0.2% BAPN in drinking water plus AngII-infusion at 1,000 ng kg-1 min-1 produced favorable rates of AAD rupture (~50%) and dilation (~40%) in 28 days. Using these dosages, further experiments revealed that BAPN is toxic to naïve mature aortas and it acted synergistically with AngII to promote aortic tears and dissections. BAPN + AngII provoked early infiltration of myeloid cells and subsequent recruitment of lymphoid cells to the aortic wall. AADs established with BAPN + AngII, but not AngII alone, continued to expand after the cessation of AngII-infusion. This indefinite growth precipitated a 61% increase in the AAD diameter in 56 days. More importantly, with the optimized protocol, significant differences in AAD dilation (p = .012) and medial degeneration (p = .036) were detected between male and female mice. Treatment of ovariectomized mice with estradiol protected AAD formation (p = .014). In summary, this study developed a powerful mouse AAD model that can be used to study the sexual dimorphism in AAD formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Qi
- Division of Vascular Surgery and Endovascular TherapyUniversity of Florida College of MedicineGainesvilleFLUSA
- Institute of Cardiovascular DiseaseUniversity of South ChinaHengyangChina
| | - Fen Wang
- Division of Vascular Surgery and Endovascular TherapyUniversity of Florida College of MedicineGainesvilleFLUSA
| | - Changzoon Chun
- Division of Vascular Surgery and Endovascular TherapyUniversity of Florida College of MedicineGainesvilleFLUSA
| | - Lennon Saldarriaga
- Division of Vascular Surgery and Endovascular TherapyUniversity of Florida College of MedicineGainesvilleFLUSA
| | - Zhisheng Jiang
- Institute of Cardiovascular DiseaseUniversity of South ChinaHengyangChina
| | - Eric Y. Pruitt
- Division of Vascular Surgery and Endovascular TherapyUniversity of Florida College of MedicineGainesvilleFLUSA
| | - George J. Arnaoutakis
- Division of Vascular Surgery and Endovascular TherapyUniversity of Florida College of MedicineGainesvilleFLUSA
- Division of Thoracic and Cardiovascular SurgeryUniversity of Florida College of MedicineGainesvilleFLUSA
| | - Gilbert R. Upchurch
- Division of Vascular Surgery and Endovascular TherapyUniversity of Florida College of MedicineGainesvilleFLUSA
| | - Zhihua Jiang
- Division of Vascular Surgery and Endovascular TherapyUniversity of Florida College of MedicineGainesvilleFLUSA
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Wu H, Wang X, Zhou X, Wu Z, Wang Y, Pan M, Lu B. Mycotic aneurysm secondary to melioidosis in China: A series of eight cases and a review of literature. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2020; 14:e0008525. [PMID: 32785225 PMCID: PMC7446808 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0008525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Burkholderia pseudomallei is the causative agent of melioidosis, endemic in Southeast Asia and Northern Australia, and increasingly recognized in southern China, especially in Hainan Province. Mycotic aneurysm caused by B. pseudomallei is a rare but potentially severe illness with a high mortality rate. The clinical features of the mycotic aneurysm secondary to melioidosis have not been illustrated in China. Over a seven-year period (2013 to 2019), 159 patients with bacteremic melioidosis were retrospectively analyzed in Hainan province, China, of whom eight patients were confirmed to have mycotic aneurysm through the combination of imaging examination, pathologic examination and aneurysm tissue culture. We summarized these eight patients’ clinical characteristics, demographical features, treatments and outcomes. The susceptibilities to five commonly-used antibiotics for these eight B. pseudomallei isolates were also determined by E-test strips. Furthermore, the mycotic aneurysm cases secondary to melioidosis retrieved from the literature were also reviewed. Of the eight cases, six had abdominal mycotic aneurysms, one had a left iliac aneurysm, and the other one had an infectious mesenteric aneurysm. They were aged from 48 to 69 years old, and had the underlying risk factors of diabetes mellitus (2 patients), long-term smoking (4 patients), hypertension (6 patients), and soil and water contact history (6 patients), respectively. The positive arterial aneurysm imaging was observed in all patients via computed tomography (CT) or angiography. Eight B. pseudomallei isolates collected from both blood and mycotic aneurysm tissues remained 100% susceptible to imipenem and ceftazidime. After surgery combined with antibiotic administration, six patients survived, with a mortality rate of 25%. In melioidosis endemic areas, the mycotic aneurysm secondary to melioidosis might be underdiagnosed, and increased awareness of predisposing risk factors and clinical features of the mycotic aneurysm is required. Following a positive B. pseudomallei blood culture, the diagnosis of mycotic aneurysm should be under consideration in those with abdominal pain and/or hypertension. Imaging by CT or angiography is indispensable for its timely diagnosis and management. Burkholderia pseudomallei has the potential to cause mycotic aneurysm, an infrequently-occurred complication of melioidosis, with a high mortality rate despite appropriate antibiotic therapy and vascular surgery. The comprehensive clinical features of mycotic aneurysm due to B. pseudomallaei have not been documented in the People’s Republic of China and might be underrecognized. Therefore, we described eight patients with mycotic aneurysm from 159 bacteremic melioidosis patients in Hainan, China, over a seven-year period (between 2013 to 2019). We summarized their clinical characteristics, demographical features, treatments and outcomes. To our knowledge, this is the first comprehensive report of mycotic aneurysm secondary to melioidosis in China. In summary, in melioidosis endemic areas, or for those returning from endemic areas, increased awareness of the risk factors is required for early diagnosis and management of mycotic aneurysm secondary to melioidosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Wu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hainan General Hospital, Affiliated Hainan Hospital of Hainan Medical College, Haikou, China
| | - Xuming Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hainan General Hospital, Affiliated Hainan Hospital of Hainan Medical College, Haikou, China
| | - Xiaojun Zhou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hainan General Hospital, Affiliated Hainan Hospital of Hainan Medical College, Haikou, China
| | - Zhicheng Wu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical College, Haikou, China
| | - Yanyan Wang
- Department of Pathology, Hainan General Hospital, Affiliated Hainan Hospital of Hainan Medical College, Haikou, China
| | - Mengjie Pan
- Department of Radiology, Hainan General Hospital, Affiliated Hainan Hospital of Hainan Medical College, Haikou, China
| | - Binghuai Lu
- Laboratory of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital; National Clinical Research Center of Respiratory Diseases, Beijing, China
- * E-mail:
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41
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Xiao J, Borné Y, Bao X, Persson M, Gottsäter A, Acosta S, Engström G. Comparisons of Risk Factors for Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm and Coronary Heart Disease: A Prospective Cohort Study. Angiology 2020; 72:24-31. [PMID: 32762347 PMCID: PMC7711307 DOI: 10.1177/0003319720946976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Even though abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) and coronary heart disease (CHD) are both related to atherosclerosis, there could be important differences in risk factors. Based on Malmö Diet and Cancer Cohort, the incidence of AAA and CHD was followed prospectively. Cox regression was used to calculate the association of each factor with AAA and CHD and hazards ratio were compared using a modified Lunn-McNeil method; 447 participants developed AAA and 3129 developed CHD. After multivariate adjustments, smoking, antihypertensive medications, lipid-lowing medications, systolic and diastolic blood pressures, apolipoprotein (Apo) A1 (inversely), ApoB, ApoB/ApoA1 ratio, total leukocyte count, neutrophil count, and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio were associated with the risks of both AAA and CHD. When comparing risk factor profiles for the 2 diseases, smoking, diastolic blood pressure, ApoA1, and ApoB/ApoA1 ratio had stronger associations with risk of AAA than with risk of CHD, while diabetes and unmarried status showed increased risk of CHD, but not of AAA (all P values for equal association <.01). The results from this big population study confirm that the risk factor profiles for AAA and CHD show not only many similarities but also several important differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Xiao
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China.,Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Yan Borné
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Xue Bao
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | | | - Anders Gottsäter
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.,Vascular Centre, Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Stefan Acosta
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.,Vascular Centre, Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Gunnar Engström
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
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Jana S, Chute M, Hu M, Winkelaar G, Owen CA, Oudit GY, Kassiri Z. ADAM (a Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase) 15 Deficiency Exacerbates Ang II (Angiotensin II)-Induced Aortic Remodeling Leading to Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2020; 40:1918-1934. [PMID: 32522006 PMCID: PMC7370975 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.120.314600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. Objective: ADAM (a disintegrin and metalloproteinase) 15—a membrane-bound metalloprotease from the ADAM (disintegrin and metalloproteinase) family—has been linked to endothelial permeability, inflammation, and metastasis. However, its function in aortic aneurysm has not been explored. We aimed to determine the function of ADAM15 in the pathogenesis of aortic remodeling and aneurysm formation. Approach and Results: Male Adam15-deficient and WT (wild type) mice (10 weeks old), on standard laboratory diet, received Ang II (angiotensin II; 1.5 mg/kg per day) or saline (Alzet pump) for 2 or 4 weeks. Ang II increased ADAM15 in WT aorta, while Adam15-deficiency resulted in abdominal aortic aneurysm characterized by loss of medial smooth muscle cells (SMCs), elastin fragmentation, inflammation, but unaltered Ang II–mediated hypertension. In the abdominal aortic tissue and primary aortic SMCs culture, Adam15 deficiency decreased SMC proliferation, increased apoptosis, and reduced contractile properties along with F-actin depolymerization to G-actin. Ang II triggered a markedly greater increase in THBS (thrombospondin) 1 in Adam15-deficient aorta, primarily the medial layer in vivo, and in aortic SMC in vitro; increased SSH1 (slingshot homolog 1) phosphatase activity and cofilin dephosphorylation that promoted F-actin depolymerization and G-actin accumulation. rhTHBS1 (recombinant THBS1) alone was sufficient to activate the cofilin pathway, increase G-actin, and induce apoptosis of aortic SMCs, confirming the key role of THBS1 in this process. Further, in human abdominal aortic aneurysm specimens, decreased ADAM15 was associated with increased THBS1 levels and loss of medial SMCs. Conclusions: This study is the first to demonstrate a key role for ADAM15 in abdominal aortic aneurysm through regulating the SMC function, thereby placing ADAM15 in a critical position as a potential therapeutic target for abdominal aortic aneurysm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayantan Jana
- From the Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Center (S.J., M.C., M.H., G.Y.O., Z.K.), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Michael Chute
- From the Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Center (S.J., M.C., M.H., G.Y.O., Z.K.), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Mei Hu
- From the Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Center (S.J., M.C., M.H., G.Y.O., Z.K.), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Gerrit Winkelaar
- Division of Vascular Surgery, University of Alberta and Northern Alberta Vascular Center, Grey Nuns Hospital, Edmonton, Canada (G.W.)
| | - Caroline A Owen
- Brigham and Women's Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (C.A.O.)
| | - Gavin Y Oudit
- From the Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Center (S.J., M.C., M.H., G.Y.O., Z.K.), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute (G.Y.O.), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Zamaneh Kassiri
- From the Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Center (S.J., M.C., M.H., G.Y.O., Z.K.), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
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Saw ST, Leong BDK, Abdul Aziz DA. Early Detection of Undiagnosed Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm and Sub-Aneurysmal Aortic Dilatations in Patients with High-Risk Coronary Artery Disease: The Value of Targetted Screening Programme. Vasc Health Risk Manag 2020; 16:215-229. [PMID: 32606718 PMCID: PMC7293413 DOI: 10.2147/vhrm.s250735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) and coronary artery disease (CAD) share common risk factors. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of undiagnosed AAA in patients with angiographically diagnosed significant CAD. PATIENTS AND METHODS Male patients aged 50 years and above (including indigenous people) with angiographically diagnosed significant CAD in the recent one year were screened for AAA. Standard definition of abdominal aortic aneurysm and CAD was used. All new patients were followed up for six months for AAA events (ruptured AAA and AAA-related mortality). RESULTS A total of 277 male patients were recruited into this study. The total prevalence of undiagnosed AAA in this study population was 1.1% (95% CI 0.2-3.1). In patients with high-risk CAD, the prevalence of undiagnosed AAA was 1.7% (95% CI 0.3-4.8). The detected aneurysms ranged in size from 35.0mm to 63.8mm. Obesity was a common factor in these patients. There were no AAA-related mortality or morbidity during the follow-up. Although the total prevalence of undiagnosed AAA is low in the studied population, the prevalence of sub-aneurysmal aortic dilatation in patients with significant CAD was high at 6.6% (95% CI 3.9-10.2), in which majority were within the younger age group than 65 years old. CONCLUSION This was the first study on the prevalence of undiagnosed AAA in a significant CAD population involving indigenous people in the island of Borneo. Targeted screening of patients with high-risk CAD even though they are younger than 65 years old effectively discover potentially harmful asymptomatic AAA and sub-aneurysmal aortic dilatations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siong Teng Saw
- Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia; Hospital Queen Elizabeth II, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah88300, Malaysia
| | | | - Dayang Anita Abdul Aziz
- Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM Medical Center, Kuala Lumpur56000, Malaysia
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Liu B, Granville DJ, Golledge J, Kassiri Z. Pathogenic mechanisms and the potential of drug therapies for aortic aneurysm. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2020; 318:H652-H670. [PMID: 32083977 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00621.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Aortic aneurysm is a permanent focal dilation of the aorta. It is usually an asymptomatic disease but can lead to sudden death due to aortic rupture. Aortic aneurysm-related mortalities are estimated at ∼200,000 deaths per year worldwide. Because no pharmacological treatment has been found to be effective so far, surgical repair remains the only treatment for aortic aneurysm. Aortic aneurysm results from changes in the aortic wall structure due to loss of smooth muscle cells and degradation of the extracellular matrix and can form in different regions of the aorta. Research over the past decade has identified novel contributors to aneurysm formation and progression. The present review provides an overview of cellular and noncellular factors as well as enzymes that process extracellular matrix and regulate cellular functions (e.g., matrix metalloproteinases, granzymes, and cathepsins) in the context of aneurysm pathogenesis. An update of clinical trials focusing on therapeutic strategies to slow abdominal aortic aneurysm growth and efforts underway to develop effective pharmacological treatments is also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Liu
- University of Wisconsin, Madison, Department of Surgery, Madison Wisconsin
| | - David J Granville
- International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries Centre and University of British Columbia Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Jonathan Golledge
- The Queensland Research Centre for Peripheral Vascular Disease, College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Townsville Hospital and Health Services, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| | - Zamaneh Kassiri
- University of Alberta, Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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Jana S, Hu M, Shen M, Kassiri Z. Extracellular matrix, regional heterogeneity of the aorta, and aortic aneurysm. Exp Mol Med 2019; 51:1-15. [PMID: 31857579 PMCID: PMC6923362 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-019-0286-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aortic aneurysm is an asymptomatic disease with dire outcomes if undiagnosed. Aortic aneurysm rupture is a significant cause of death worldwide. To date, surgical repair or endovascular repair (EVAR) is the only effective treatment for aortic aneurysm, as no pharmacological treatment has been found effective. Aortic aneurysm, a focal dilation of the aorta, can be formed in the thoracic (TAA) or the abdominal (AAA) region; however, our understanding as to what determines the site of aneurysm formation remains quite limited. The extracellular matrix (ECM) is the noncellular component of the aortic wall, that in addition to providing structural support, regulates bioavailability of an array of growth factors and cytokines, thereby influencing cell function and behavior that ultimately determine physiological or pathological remodeling of the aortic wall. Here, we provide an overview of the ECM proteins that have been reported to be involved in aortic aneurysm formation in humans or animal models, and the experimental models for TAA and AAA and the link to ECM manipulations. We also provide a comparative analysis, where data available, between TAA and AAA, and how aberrant ECM proteolysis versus disrupted synthesis may determine the site of aneurysm formation. A review of aneurysm formation, swelling in blood vessel, in the aorta, examines distinctions between two forms of the condition and the role of proteins in the extracellular matrix which surrounds cells of the arterial wall. Rupture of aneurysms in the aorta, the body’s main artery, is a major cause of death. Researchers led by Zamaneh Kassiri at the University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada, emphasize that aneurysms in the thoracic and abdominal regions of the aorta are distinct conditions with crucial differences in their causes. Disrupted production and assembly of the extracellular matrix and its proteins may underlie thoracic aneurysm formation. Factors triggering the degradation of extracellular matrix proteins may be more significant in abdominal aneurysms. Understanding the differing molecular mechanisms involved could help address the current lack of effective drug treatments for these dangerous conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayantan Jana
- Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Mei Hu
- Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Mengcheng Shen
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Zamaneh Kassiri
- Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
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Abdul Jabbar A, Chanda A, White CJ, Jenkins JS. Percutaneous endovascular abdominal aneurysm repair: State‐of‐the art. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2019; 95:767-782. [DOI: 10.1002/ccd.28576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Abdul Jabbar
- Interventional CardiologyOchsner Clinic Foundation New Orleans Louisiana
| | - Arijit Chanda
- Interventional CardiologyOchsner Clinic Foundation New Orleans Louisiana
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Holt M, Seim BE, Øgaard J, Olsen MB, Woldbæk PR, Kvitting JP, Aukrust P, Yndestad A, Mollnes TE, Nilsson PH, Louwe MC, Ranheim T. Selective and marked decrease of complement receptor C5aR2 in human thoracic aortic aneurysms: a dysregulation with potential inflammatory effects. Open Heart 2019; 6:e001098. [PMID: 31798913 PMCID: PMC6861114 DOI: 10.1136/openhrt-2019-001098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The aetiology of thoracic aortic aneurysm (TAA) is largely unknown, but inflammation is
likely to play a central role in the pathogenesis. In this present study, we aim to
investigate the complement receptors in TAA. Methods Aortic tissue and blood from 31 patients with non-syndromic TAA undergoing thoracic
aortic repair surgery were collected. Aortic tissue and blood from 36 patients with
atherosclerosis undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery or aortic valve replacement
were collected and served as control material. The expression of the complement
anaphylatoxin receptors C3aR1, C5aR1 and C5aR2 in aortic tissue were examined by
quantitative RT-PCR and C5aR2 protein by immunohistochemistry. Colocalisation of C5aR2
to different cell types was analysed by immunofluorescence. Complement activation
products C3bc and sC5b-9 were measured in plasma. Results Compared with controls, TAA patients had substantial (73%) downregulated gene
expression of C5aR2 as seen both at the mRNA (p=0.005) level and protein (p=0.03) level.
In contrast, there were no differences in the expression of C3aR1 and C5aR1 between the
two groups. Immunofluorescence examination showed that C5aR2 was colocalised to
macrophages and T cells in the aortic media. There were no differences in the degree of
systemic complement activation between the two groups. Conclusion Our findings suggest downregulation of the C5aR2, regarded to act mainly
anti-inflammatory, in electively operated TAA as compared with non-aneurysmatic aortas
of patients with aortic stenosis and/or coronary artery disease. This may tip the
balance towards a relative increase in the inflammatory responses induced by C5aR1 and
thus enhance the inflammatory processes in TAA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margrethe Holt
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo Faculty of Medicine, Oslo, Norway.,Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Bjørn E Seim
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo Faculty of Medicine, Oslo, Norway.,Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jonas Øgaard
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Maria B Olsen
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Per R Woldbæk
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål, Oslo, Norway
| | - J P Kvitting
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Pål Aukrust
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo Faculty of Medicine, Oslo, Norway.,Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway.,Section of Clinical Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Arne Yndestad
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo Faculty of Medicine, Oslo, Norway.,Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Tom Eirik Mollnes
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo Faculty of Medicine, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway.,Research Laboratory and Faculty of Health Sciences, Nordland Hospital, Bodø, Norway.,K.G. Jebsen TREC - Thrombosis Research and Expertise Center, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Per H Nilsson
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo Faculty of Medicine, Oslo, Norway.,Linnaeus Centre for Biomaterials Chemistry, Linnaeus University, Kalmar, Sweden
| | - Mieke C Louwe
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Trine Ranheim
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo Faculty of Medicine, Oslo, Norway.,Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
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Ahmad AF, Dwivedi G, O'Gara F, Caparros-Martin J, Ward NC. The gut microbiome and cardiovascular disease: current knowledge and clinical potential. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2019; 317:H923-H938. [PMID: 31469291 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00376.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death worldwide. The human body is populated by a diverse community of microbes, dominated by bacteria, but also including viruses and fungi. The largest and most complex of these communities is located in the gastrointestinal system and, with its associated genome, is known as the gut microbiome. Gut microbiome perturbations and related dysbiosis have been implicated in the progression and pathogenesis of CVD, including atherosclerosis, hypertension, and heart failure. Although there have been advances in the characterization and analysis of the gut microbiota and associated bacterial metabolites, the exact mechanisms through which they exert their action are not well understood. This review will focus on the role of the gut microbiome and associated functional components in the development and progression of atherosclerosis. Potential treatments to alter the gut microbiome to prevent or treat atherosclerosis and CVD are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adilah F Ahmad
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,Department of Advanced Clinical and Translational Cardiovascular Imaging, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Girish Dwivedi
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,Department of Advanced Clinical and Translational Cardiovascular Imaging, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,Department of Cardiology, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Fergal O'Gara
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,BIOMERIT Research Centre, School of Microbiology, University College Cork, National University of Ireland, Cork, Ireland.,Telethon Kids Institute, Children's Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Jose Caparros-Martin
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Natalie C Ward
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth Western Australia, Australia
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Abstract
AimsAbdominal aortic aneurysm is a life-threatening condition due to the risk of aneurysm growth and rupture. There are no approved diagnostic or prognostic biomarkers for abdominal aortic aneurysm. We aimed to identify diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for abdominal aortic aneurysm and to investigate their relationship with abdominal aortic aneurysm diameter and growth.MethodsIn this case-control study, patients were included from an abdominal aortic aneurysm screening study on men aged ≥65 years. Of 24,589 examined men, 415 had abdominal aortic aneurysm, out of whom 134 consented to participate in the present study. One hundred and thirty-six screened men with aortic diameter <30 mm, matched for comorbidities and time of sampling were included as non-abdominal aortic aneurysm patients. Ninety-one cardiovascular specific proteins in plasma samples were measured by the Proseek Multiplex CVD III96x96panel.ResultsAfter Bonferroni correction, plasma levels of 21 proteins associated with proteolysis, oxidative-stress, lipid metabolism, and inflammation were significantly increased, whereas levels of paraoxonase 3, associated with high-density lipoprotein metabolism, were decreased in abdominal aortic aneurysm patients. Combination of growth/differentiation factor 15 and cystatin B had the best ability to discriminate abdominal aortic aneurysm from non-abdominal aortic aneurysm (area under the curve, 0.76; sensitivity, 80% and specificity, 52%). Myeloperoxidase showed the best prognostic value (area under the curve, 0.71; sensitivity, 80% and specificity, 59%) and higher baseline levels of myeloperoxidase were significantly associated with faster abdominal aortic aneurysm growth compared with lower levels, independent of baseline diameter.ConclusionsWe have identified multiple proteins associated with abdominal aortic aneurysm diameter and growth with a potential to become novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for abdominal aortic aneurysm.
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