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Tang JY, Chuang YT, Shiau JP, Yen CY, Chang FR, Tsai YH, Farooqi AA, Chang HW. Connection between Radiation-Regulating Functions of Natural Products and miRNAs Targeting Radiomodulation and Exosome Biogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12449. [PMID: 37569824 PMCID: PMC10419287 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are cell-derived membranous structures primarily involved in the delivery of the payload to the recipient cells, and they play central roles in carcinogenesis and metastasis. Radiotherapy is a common cancer treatment that occasionally generates exosomal miRNA-associated modulation to regulate the therapeutic anticancer function and side effects. Combining radiotherapy and natural products may modulate the radioprotective and radiosensitizing responses of non-cancer and cancer cells, but there is a knowledge gap regarding the connection of this combined treatment with exosomal miRNAs and their downstream targets for radiation and exosome biogenesis. This review focuses on radioprotective natural products in terms of their impacts on exosomal miRNAs to target radiation-modulating and exosome biogenesis (secretion and assembly) genes. Several natural products have individually demonstrated radioprotective and miRNA-modulating effects. However, the impact of natural-product-modulated miRNAs on radiation response and exosome biogenesis remains unclear. In this review, by searching through PubMed/Google Scholar, available reports on potential functions that show radioprotection for non-cancer tissues and radiosensitization for cancer among these natural-product-modulated miRNAs were assessed. Next, by accessing the miRNA database (miRDB), the predicted targets of the radiation- and exosome biogenesis-modulating genes from the Gene Ontology database (MGI) were retrieved bioinformatically based on these miRNAs. Moreover, the target-centric analysis showed that several natural products share the same miRNAs and targets to regulate radiation response and exosome biogenesis. As a result, the miRNA-radiomodulation (radioprotection and radiosensitization)-exosome biogenesis axis in regard to natural-product-mediated radiotherapeutic effects is well organized. This review focuses on natural products and their regulating effects on miRNAs to assess the potential impacts of radiomodulation and exosome biogenesis for both the radiosensitization of cancer cells and the radioprotection of non-cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jen-Yang Tang
- School of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan;
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Ting Chuang
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan;
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, PhD Program in Life Sciences, College of Life Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Jun-Ping Shiau
- Division of Breast Oncology and Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan;
| | - Ching-Yu Yen
- School of Dentistry, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan 71004, Taiwan
| | - Fang-Rong Chang
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; (F.-R.C.); (Y.-H.T.)
| | - Yi-Hong Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; (F.-R.C.); (Y.-H.T.)
| | - Ammad Ahmad Farooqi
- Institute of Biomedical and Genetic Engineering (IBGE), Islamabad 54000, Pakistan
| | - Hsueh-Wei Chang
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan;
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, PhD Program in Life Sciences, College of Life Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Center for Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
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Lee ES, Kang JS, Kim HM, Kim SJ, Kim N, Lee JO, Kim HS, Lee EY, Chung CH. Dehydrozingerone inhibits renal lipotoxicity in high-fat diet-induced obese mice. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:8725-8733. [PMID: 34382326 PMCID: PMC8435425 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Ectopic fat accumulation in the kidneys causes oxidative stress, inflammation and cell death. Dehydrozingerone (DHZ) is a curcumin analog that exhibits antitumour, antioxidant and antidiabetic effects. However, the efficacy of DHZ in diabetic nephropathy (DN) is unknown. Here, we verified the efficacy of DHZ on DN. We divided the experimental animals into three groups: regular diet, 60% high‐fat diet (HFD) and HFD with DHZ for 12 weeks. We analysed levels of renal triglycerides and urinary albumin and albumin‐creatinine ratio, renal morphological changes and molecular changes via real‐time polymerase chain reaction and immunoblotting. Furthermore, high glucose (HG)‐ or palmitate (PA)‐stimulated mouse mesangial cells or mouse podocytes were treated with DHZ for 24 h. As a result, DHZ markedly reduced renal glycerol accumulation and albuminuria excretion through improvement of thickened glomerular basement membrane, podocyte loss and slit diaphragm reduction. In the renal cortex in the HFD group, phospho‐AMPK and nephrin expression reduced, whereas arginase 2 and CD68 expression increased; however, these changes were recovered after DHZ administration. Increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) stimulated by HG or PA in podocytes was inhibited by DHZ treatment. Collectively, these findings indicate that DHZ ameliorates DN via inhibits of lipotoxicity‐induced inflammation and ROS formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Soo Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea.,Institution of Genetic Cohort, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - Jeong Suk Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Cheonan, Korea.,Institute of Tissue Regeneration, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, Korea
| | | | - Su Jin Kim
- Department of Anatomy, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Nami Kim
- Western Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung Ok Lee
- Department of Anatomy, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyeon Soo Kim
- Department of Anatomy, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Young Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Cheonan, Korea.,Institute of Tissue Regeneration, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Choon Hee Chung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
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Mapoung S, Suzuki S, Fuji S, Naiki-Ito A, Kato H, Yodkeeree S, Sakorn N, Ovatlarnporn C, Takahashi S, Limtrakul (Dejkriengkraikul) P. Dehydrozingerone, a Curcumin Analog, as a Potential Anti-Prostate Cancer Inhibitor In Vitro and In Vivo. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25122737. [PMID: 32545675 PMCID: PMC7356390 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25122737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Curcumin (Cur) exhibits biological activities that support its candidacy for cancer treatment. However, there are limitations to its pharmacological effects, such as poor solubility and bioavailability. Notably, the use of Cur analogs has potential for addressing these limitations. Dehydrozingerone (DZG) is a representative of the half-chemical structure of Cur, and many reports have indicated that it is anticancer in vitro. We, therefore, have hypothesized that DZG could inhibit prostate cancer progression both in vitro and in vivo. Results revealed that DZG decreased cell proliferation of rat castration-resistant prostate cancer, PLS10 cells, via induction of the cell cycle arrest in the G1 phase in vitro. In the PLS10 xenograft model, DZG significantly decreased the growth of subcutaneous tumors when compared to the control via the inhibition of cell proliferation and angiogenesis. To prove that DZG could improve the limitations of Cur, an in vivo pharmacokinetic was determined. DZG was detected in the serum at higher concentrations and remained up to 3 h after intraperitoneal injections, which was longer than Cur. DZG also showed superior in vivo tissue distribution than Cur. The results suggest that DZG could be a candidate of the Cur analog that can potentially exert anticancer capabilities in vivo and thereby improve its bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sariya Mapoung
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 5200, Thailand; (S.M.); (S.Y.)
- Center for Research and Development of Natural Products for Health, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 5200, Thailand
| | - Shugo Suzuki
- Department of Experimental Pathology and Tumor Biology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan; (S.S.); (S.F.); (A.N.-I.); (H.K.); (S.T.)
| | - Satoshi Fuji
- Department of Experimental Pathology and Tumor Biology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan; (S.S.); (S.F.); (A.N.-I.); (H.K.); (S.T.)
| | - Aya Naiki-Ito
- Department of Experimental Pathology and Tumor Biology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan; (S.S.); (S.F.); (A.N.-I.); (H.K.); (S.T.)
| | - Hiroyuki Kato
- Department of Experimental Pathology and Tumor Biology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan; (S.S.); (S.F.); (A.N.-I.); (H.K.); (S.T.)
| | - Supachai Yodkeeree
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 5200, Thailand; (S.M.); (S.Y.)
- Center for Research and Development of Natural Products for Health, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 5200, Thailand
| | - Natee Sakorn
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand; (N.S.); (C.O.)
- Drug Delivery System Excellence Center, Prince of Songkla University, Hat-Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
| | - Chitchamai Ovatlarnporn
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand; (N.S.); (C.O.)
- Drug Delivery System Excellence Center, Prince of Songkla University, Hat-Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
| | - Satoru Takahashi
- Department of Experimental Pathology and Tumor Biology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan; (S.S.); (S.F.); (A.N.-I.); (H.K.); (S.T.)
| | - Pornngarm Limtrakul (Dejkriengkraikul)
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 5200, Thailand; (S.M.); (S.Y.)
- Center for Research and Development of Natural Products for Health, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 5200, Thailand
- Correspondence: or
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Alsherbiny MA, Abd-Elsalam WH, El Badawy SA, Taher E, Fares M, Torres A, Chang D, Li CG. Ameliorative and protective effects of ginger and its main constituents against natural, chemical and radiation-induced toxicities: A comprehensive review. Food Chem Toxicol 2019; 123:72-97. [PMID: 30352300 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.10.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Revised: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Fatal unintentional poisoning is widespread upon human exposure to toxic agents such as pesticides, heavy metals, environmental pollutants, bacterial and fungal toxins or even some medications and cosmetic products. In this regards, the application of the natural dietary agents as antidotes has engrossed a substantial attention. One of the ancient known traditional medicines and spices with an arsenal of metabolites of several reported health benefits is ginger. This extended literature review serves to demonstrate the protective effects and mechanisms of ginger and its phytochemicals against natural, chemical and radiation-induced toxicities. Collected data obtained from the in-vivo and in-vitro experimental studies in this overview detail the designation of the protective effects to ginger's antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic properties. Ginger's armoury of phytochemicals exerted its protective function via different mechanisms and cell signalling pathways, including Nrf2/ARE, MAPK, NF-ƙB, Wnt/β-catenin, TGF-β1/Smad3, and ERK/CREB. The outcomes of this review could encourage further clinical trials of ginger applications in radiotherapy and chemotherapy regime for cancer treatments or its implementation to counteract the chemical toxicity induced by industrial pollutants, alcohol, smoking or administered drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad A Alsherbiny
- NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Westmead, 2145, NSW, Australia; Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, 11562, Egypt.
| | - Wessam H Abd-Elsalam
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, 11562, Egypt
| | - Shymaa A El Badawy
- Department of Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt
| | - Ehab Taher
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University (Assiut Branch), Egypt
| | - Mohamed Fares
- School of Chemistry, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, 2522, NSW, Australia
| | - Allan Torres
- Nanoscale Organisation and Dynamics Group, School of Science and Health, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia
| | - Dennis Chang
- NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Westmead, 2145, NSW, Australia
| | - Chun Guang Li
- NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Westmead, 2145, NSW, Australia.
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Kumar C, Rasool RU, Iqra Z, Nalli Y, Dutt P, Satti NK, Sharma N, Gandhi SG, Goswami A, Ali A. Alkyne-azide cycloaddition analogues of dehydrozingerone as potential anti-prostate cancer inhibitors via the PI3K/Akt/NF-kB pathway. MEDCHEMCOMM 2017; 8:2115-2124. [PMID: 30108729 PMCID: PMC6072283 DOI: 10.1039/c7md00267j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we report the isolation and synthetic modification of dehydrozingerone (DHZ, 1), a secondary metabolite present in the rhizome of Zingiber officinale. We synthesized O-propargylated dehydrozingerone, which was subsequently coupled by alkyne-azide cycloaddition (3-20) using click chemistry. The compounds (1-20) were evaluated for their in vitro cytotoxic activity in a panel of three cancer cell lines. Among all the DHZ derivatives, 3, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 15 displayed potent cytotoxic potential with an IC50 value ranging from 1.8-3.0 μM in MCF-7, PC-3 and HCT-116 cell lines. Furthermore, compound 7 has proven to be the most potent cytotoxic compound in all the three distinct cancer cell lines and also demonstrated significant anti-invasive potential in prostate cancer. The mechanistic study of compound 7 showed that it not only suppressed the AKT/mTOR signalling which regulates nuclear transcription factor-NF-kB but also augmented the expression of anti-invasive markers E-cadherin and TIMP. Compound 7 significantly decreased the expression of pro-invasive markers vimentin, MMP-2 and MMP-9, respectively. This study underscores an efficient synthetic approach employed to evaluate the structure-activity relationship of dehydrozingerone (1) in search of potential new anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chetan Kumar
- Natural Product Chemistry Division , India . ; ; Tel: +91 191 2569222
| | - Reyaz Ur Rasool
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR) , Anusandhan Bhawan, 2 Rafi Marg , New Delhi-110001 , India
- Cancer Pharmacology Division , CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine , Canal Road , Jammu-180001 , India .
| | - Zainab Iqra
- Cancer Pharmacology Division , CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine , Canal Road , Jammu-180001 , India .
| | - Yedukondalu Nalli
- Natural Product Chemistry Division , India . ; ; Tel: +91 191 2569222
| | - Prabhu Dutt
- Natural Product Chemistry Division , India . ; ; Tel: +91 191 2569222
| | - Naresh K Satti
- Natural Product Chemistry Division , India . ; ; Tel: +91 191 2569222
| | - Neha Sharma
- Natural Product Chemistry Division , India . ; ; Tel: +91 191 2569222
| | - Sumit G Gandhi
- Plant Biotechnology division , CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine , Canal Road , Jammu , India
| | - Anindya Goswami
- Cancer Pharmacology Division , CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine , Canal Road , Jammu-180001 , India .
| | - Asif Ali
- Natural Product Chemistry Division , India . ; ; Tel: +91 191 2569222
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Yun KL, Wang ZY. Target/signalling pathways of natural plant-derived radioprotective agents from treatment to potential candidates: A reverse thought on anti-tumour drugs. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 91:1122-1151. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2017] [Revised: 04/15/2017] [Accepted: 05/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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Wang F, Gao P, Guo L, Meng P, Fan Y, Chen Y, Lin Y, Guo G, Ding G, Wang H. Radio-protective effect and mechanism of 4-Acetamido-2,2,6,6- tetramethylpiperidin-1-oxyl in HUVEC cells. Environ Health Prev Med 2017; 22:14. [PMID: 29165102 PMCID: PMC5664570 DOI: 10.1186/s12199-017-0616-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Accepted: 03/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To search for more effective radiation protectors with minimal toxicity, a water-soluble nitroxides Acetamido-Tempol (AA-Tempol) was evaluated for potential radioprotective properties in HUVEC cells (Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial cell line). METHODS To study the anti-radiation effect of AA-Tempol in cell culture, the viability of irradiated HUVEC cells using a clonogenic survival assay was examined. The anti-apoptosis effects of AA-Tempol using Annexin V/propidium iodide staining in a flow cytometry assay was also evaluated. To elucidate the molecular mechanism of the anti-apoptosis effect of AA-Tempol against X-radiation induced HUVEC cell apoptosis, the expression of Bax, Bcl-2 and p53 and caspase-3 were examined. The changes in the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) in HUVEC cells after X-radiation were also investigated. RESULTS Pretreatment of the HUVEC cells colony with AA-Tempol 1 h before X-radiation significantly increased the colony survival (p < 0.05) compared with the cells without pretreatment. This demonstrates that AA-Tempol provides an effective radiation protection in the irradiated HUVEC cells, thus reducing apoptosis from 20.1 ± 1.3% in 8 Gy X-radiated cells to 12.2 ± 0.9% (1.0 mmol/L-1 AA-Tempol) in AA-Tempo pretreated HUVEC cells. This implies that 1.0 mM AA-Tempol treatment significantly block the increase of caspase-3 activity in radiated HUVEC cells (P < 0.01), causing down-regulation in expressions of Bax and P53 and up-regulation in the expression of Bcl-2. Pretreatment with AA-Tempol also decreased the MDA activities (P < 0.01) and increase the GSH level (P < 0.05) in HUVEC cells compared to the 8Gy X-radiated cells without pretreatment. CONCLUSIONS These observations indicate that AA-Tempol is a potential therapeutic agent against the radiation damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Wang
- School of Preventive Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, People's Republic of China
- Shanxi Province Corps Hospital, Chinese People's Armed Police Forces, Taiyuan, 030006, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Gao
- School of Preventive Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Guo
- School of Preventive Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Meng
- Department of urology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuexing Fan
- Shanxi Province Corps Hospital, Chinese People's Armed Police Forces, Taiyuan, 030006, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongbin Chen
- School of Preventive Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanyun Lin
- School of Preventive Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Guozhen Guo
- School of Preventive Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Guirong Ding
- School of Preventive Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, People's Republic of China.
| | - Haibo Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, People's Republic of China.
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Valizadeh M, Shirazi A, Izadi P, Tavakkoly Bazzaz J, Rezaeejam H. Expression Levels of Two DNA Repair-related Genes under 8 Gy Ionizing Radiation and 100 Mg/Kg Melatonin Delivery In Rat Peripheral Blood. J Biomed Phys Eng 2017; 7:27-36. [PMID: 28451577 PMCID: PMC5401131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND After radiation therapy (RT), some health hazards including DNA damages may occur where melatonin can play a protective role due to free radical generation. On the other hand, serious accidental overexposures may occur during RT due to nuclear accidents which necessitate the need for study on exposure to high-dose radiations during treatments. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to study the expression level of two genes in non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) pathways named Xrcc4 and Xrcc6 (Ku70) in order to examine the effect of melatonin on repair of DNA double-strand breaks (BSBs) caused by 8Gy ionizing radiation. METHODS One hundred eight male Wistar rats were irradiated with a whole body gamma radiation dose of 8Gy with or without melatonin pretreatments. They were divided into six different groups of control, 100 mg/kg melatonin alone, 8Gy irradiation alone, vehicle alone, vehicle plus 8Gy irradiation and 100 mg/kg melatonin plus 8Gy irradiation. Peripheral blood samples were collected at 8, 24 and 48 h after irradiation. Ku70 and Xrcc4 gene expression were evaluated by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) technique and analyzed by one-way ANOVA test. RESULTS Expression of Ku70 and Xrcc4 genes normalized against Hprt gene showed significant difference in melatonin plus irradiation group at 8h compared to the control group (p<0.05). At 24h post irradiation, gene expression changes were significantly upregulated in irradiation-alone group as well as melatonin plus irradiation group (p<0.05). No significant change was found in any groups compared to control group at 48 h time point. CONCLUSION We concluded that, by increasing expression level of Ku70 and Xrcc4 genes, 100 mg/kg melatonin administration 8 and 24 h before 8 Gyionizing radiation can significantly affect the repair of DNA DSBs in NHEJ pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Valizadeh
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - A. Shirazi
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - P. Izadi
- Department of Medical Genetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - J. Tavakkoly Bazzaz
- Department of Medical Genetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - H. Rezaeejam
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Allied Medical School, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
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The Nutraceutical Dehydrozingerone and Its Dimer Counteract Inflammation- and Oxidative Stress-Induced Dysfunction of In Vitro Cultured Human Endothelial Cells: A Novel Perspective for the Prevention and Therapy of Atherosclerosis. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2016; 2016:1246485. [PMID: 28050226 PMCID: PMC5165227 DOI: 10.1155/2016/1246485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2016] [Accepted: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is characterized by endothelial dysfunction, mainly induced by inflammation and oxidative stress. Increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production together with increased adhesion molecules and thrombogenic tissue factor (TF) expression on endothelial cells has a key role in proatherogenic mechanisms. Therefore downmodulation of these molecules could be useful for reducing the severity of inflammation and atherosclerosis progression. Dehydrozingerone (DHZ) is a nutraceutical compound with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. In this study we evaluated the ability of DHZ and its symmetric dimer to modulate hydrogen peroxide- (H2O2-) induced ROS production in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). We also evaluated intercellular adhesion molecule- (ICAM-) 1, vascular cell adhesion molecule- (VCAM-) 1, and TF expression in HUVEC activated by tumor necrosis factor- (TNF-) α. HUVEC pretreatment with DHZ and DHZ dimer reduced H2O2-induced ROS production and inhibited adhesion molecule expression and secretion. Of note, only DHZ dimer was able to reduce TF expression. DHZ effects were in part mediated by the inhibition of the nuclear factor- (NF-) κB activation. Overall, our findings demonstrate that the DHZ dimer exerts a potent anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antithrombotic activity on endothelial cells and suggest potential usefulness of this compound to contrast the pathogenic mechanisms involved in atherosclerosis progression.
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South Asian Medicinal Compounds as Modulators of Resistance to Chemotherapy and Radiotherapy. Cancers (Basel) 2016; 8:cancers8030032. [PMID: 26959063 PMCID: PMC4810116 DOI: 10.3390/cancers8030032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2016] [Revised: 02/05/2016] [Accepted: 02/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a hyperproliferative disorder that involves transformation, dysregulation of apoptosis, proliferation, invasion, angiogenesis and metastasis. During the last 30 years, extensive research has revealed much about the biology of cancer. Chemotherapy and radiotherapy are the mainstays of cancer treatment, particularly for patients who do not respond to surgical resection. However, cancer treatment with drugs or radiation is seriously limited by chemoresistance and radioresistance. Various approaches and strategies are employed to overcome resistance to chemotherapy and radiation treatment. Many plant-derived phytochemicals have been investigated for their chemo- and radio-sensitizing properties. The peoples of South Asian countries such as India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Bangladesh and Bhutan have a large number of medicinal plants from which they produce various pharmacologically potent secondary metabolites. The medicinal properties of these compounds have been extensively investigated and many of them have been found to sensitize cancer cells to chemo- and radio-therapy. This review focuses on the role of South Asian medicinal compounds in chemo- and radio-sensitizing properties in drug- and radio-resistant cancer cells. Also discussed is the role of South Asian medicinal plants in protecting normal cells from radiation, which may be useful during radiotherapy of tumors to spare surrounding normal cells.
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Hampannavar GA, Karpoormath R, Palkar MB, Shaikh MS. An appraisal on recent medicinal perspective of curcumin degradant: Dehydrozingerone (DZG). Bioorg Med Chem 2016; 24:501-20. [PMID: 26796952 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2015.12.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2015] [Revised: 12/23/2015] [Accepted: 12/31/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Natural products serve as a key source for the design, discovery and development of potentially novel drug like candidates for life threatening diseases. Curcumin is one such medicinally important molecule reported for an array of biological activities. However, it has major drawbacks of very poor bioavailability and solubility. Alternatively, structural analogs and degradants of curcumin have been investigated, which have emerged as promising scaffolds with diverse biological activities. Dehydrozingerone (DZG) also known as feruloylmethane, is one such recognized degradant which is a half structural analog of curcumin. It exists as a natural phenolic compound obtained from rhizomes of Zingiber officinale, which has attracted much attention of medicinal chemists. DZG is known to have a broad range of biological activities like antioxidant, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-depressant, anti-malarial, antifungal, anti-platelet and many others. DZG has also been studied in resolving issues pertaining to curcumin since it shares many structural similarities with curcumin. Considering this, in the present review we have put forward an effort to revise and systematically discuss the research involving DZG with its biological diversity. From literature, it is quite clear that DZG and its structural analogs have exhibited significant potential in facilitating design and development of novel medicinally active lead compounds with improved metabolic and pharmacokinetic profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Girish A Hampannavar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban 4000, South Africa
| | - Rajshekhar Karpoormath
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban 4000, South Africa.
| | - Mahesh B Palkar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban 4000, South Africa; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, K.L.E. University College of Pharmacy, Vidyanagar, Hubballi 580031, Karnataka, India
| | - Mahamadhanif S Shaikh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban 4000, South Africa
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Kamran MZ, Ranjan A, Kaur N, Sur S, Tandon V. Radioprotective Agents: Strategies and Translational Advances. Med Res Rev 2016; 36:461-93. [PMID: 26807693 DOI: 10.1002/med.21386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2015] [Revised: 12/15/2015] [Accepted: 01/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Radioprotectors are agents required to protect biological system exposed to radiation, either naturally or through radiation leakage, and they protect normal cells from radiation injury in cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy. It is imperative to study radioprotectors and their mechanism of action comprehensively, looking at their potential therapeutic applications. This review intimately chronicles the rich intellectual, pharmacological story of natural and synthetic radioprotectors. A continuous effort is going on by researchers to develop clinically promising radioprotective agents. In this article, for the first time we have discussed the impact of radioprotectors on different signaling pathways in cells, which will create a basis for scientific community working in this area to develop novel molecules with better therapeutic efficacy. The bright future of exceptionally noncytotoxic derivatives of bisbenzimidazoles is also described as radiomodulators. Amifostine, an effective radioprotectant, has been approved by the FDA for limited clinical use. However, due to its adverse side effects, it is not routinely used clinically. Recently, CBLB502 and several analog of a peptide are under clinical trial and showed high success against radiotherapy in cancer. This article reviews the different types of radioprotective agents with emphasis on the strategies for the development of novel radioprotectors for drug development. In addition, direction for future strategies relevant to the development of radioprotectors is also addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Zahid Kamran
- Special Centre for Molecular Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Atul Ranjan
- Kansas University of Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, 66160
| | - Navrinder Kaur
- Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Center for Biomedical Research, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Souvik Sur
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Vibha Tandon
- Special Centre for Molecular Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India.,Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
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Kondamudi PK, Kovelamudi H, Nayak PG, Rao MC, Shenoy RR. Curcumin half analog modulates interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in inflammatory bowel disease. Pharmacogn Mag 2015; 11:S296-302. [PMID: 26664018 PMCID: PMC4653340 DOI: 10.4103/0973-1296.165991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2015] [Revised: 03/18/2015] [Accepted: 09/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present study was aimed at examining the effect of dehydrozingerone (DHZ), half analogue of curcumin which is the active constituent of turmeric (Curcuma longa) in the di-nitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) induced model for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). MATERIALS AND METHODS Male Wistar rats (200-220 g) were divided into four groups (n = 6). Chemical induction of IBD was done by sensitizing with 300 µL of 20 g/L of DNCB (in acetone) onto the nape of rats for 14 days followed by intra-colonic instillation of 250 µL of DNCB (0.1% DNCB in 50% alcohol) solution on day 15. Rats in Group 1 (normal control) and Group 2 (DNCB control) were treated with vehicle. Rats in Group 3 were treated with DHZ (100 mg/kg, p.o.; 8 days) and Group 4 animals were treated with sulfasalazine (SS) (100 mg/kg, p.o.; 8 days). On 24(th) day, the rats were killed, colon removed and the macroscopic, biochemical, and histopathological evaluations were performed. RESULTS The levels of myeloperoxidase, thiobarbituric acid reactive substrate, and nitrite increased significantly (P < 0.05) in the DNCB group whereas reduced significantly in the DHZ and SS treated groups. Serum nitrite levels were found to be insignificant between the different groups. Interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha level was significantly high in the DNCB group. CONCLUSION These findings show that DHZ can be a promising molecule for the treatment of IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phani Krishna Kondamudi
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal University, Manipal - 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Hemalatha Kovelamudi
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal University, Manipal - 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Pawan G. Nayak
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal University, Manipal - 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Mallikarjuna Chamallamudi Rao
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal University, Manipal - 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Rekha Raghuveer Shenoy
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal University, Manipal - 576104, Karnataka, India
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Nimesh H, Tiwari V, Yang C, Gundala SR, Chuttani K, Hazari PP, Mishra AK, Sharma A, Lal J, Katyal A, Aneja R, Tandon V. Preclinical Evaluation of DMA, a Bisbenzimidazole, as Radioprotector: Toxicity, Pharmacokinetics, and Biodistribution Studies in Balb/c Mice. Mol Pharmacol 2015; 88:768-78. [DOI: 10.1124/mol.115.098376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2015] [Accepted: 07/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Kim SJ, Kim HM, Lee ES, Kim N, Lee JO, Lee HJ, Park NY, Jo JY, Ham BY, Han SH, Park SH, Chung CH, Kim HS. Dehydrozingerone exerts beneficial metabolic effects in high-fat diet-induced obese mice via AMPK activation in skeletal muscle. J Cell Mol Med 2015; 19:620-9. [PMID: 25582026 PMCID: PMC4369818 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.12455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2014] [Accepted: 08/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Dehydrozingerone (DHZ) exerts beneficial effects on human health; however, its mechanism of action remains unclear. Here, we found that DHZ suppressed high-fat diet-induced weight gain, lipid accumulation and hyperglycaemia in C57BL/6 mice and increased AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) phosphorylation and stimulated glucose uptake in C2C12 skeletal muscle cells. DHZ activated p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signalling in an AMPK-dependent manner. Inhibiting AMPK or p38 MAPK blocked DHZ-induced glucose uptake. DHZ increased GLUT4 (major transporter for glucose uptake) expression in skeletal muscle. Glucose clearance and insulin-induced glucose uptake increased in DHZ-fed animals, suggesting that DHZ increases systemic insulin sensitivity in vivo. Thus, the beneficial health effects of DHZ could possibly be explained by its ability to activate the AMPK pathway in skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Jin Kim
- Department of Anatomy, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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Martinez DM, Barcellos A, Casaril AM, Savegnago L, Lernardão EJ. Antidepressant-like activity of dehydrozingerone: involvement of the serotonergic and noradrenergic systems. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2014; 127:111-7. [PMID: 25449795 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2014.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2014] [Revised: 10/07/2014] [Accepted: 10/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Dehydrozingerone (DHZ) is a phenolic compound isolated from ginger rhizomes (Zingiber officinale). It is known for its diverse spectrum of biological activities as an antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antitumor compound. The present study was designed to assess the antidepressant effect of DHZ and the involvement of the monoaminergic system and to evaluate its in vitro antioxidant activity in the hippocampus, cortex and cerebellum of mice. For this study, the tail suspension test (TST), forced swim test (FST) and yohimbine lethality test were performed. DHZ administered orally 30min prior to testing reduced the immobility time in the TST (1-40mg/kg) and the FST (10-40mg/kg), with no change in locomotor activity in the open field test. The antidepressant-like effect of DHZ (1mg/kg) was prevented by ketanserin (1mg/kg, i.p.; a 5-HT2A/2C receptor antagonist), ondansetron (1mg/kg, i.p.; a 5-HT3 receptor antagonist), prazosin (1mg/kg, i.p., an α1-adrenoceptor antagonist) and yohimbine (1mg/kg, i.p., an α2-adrenoceptor antagonist) pretreatments. Furthermore, DHZ administered at doses of 10 and 20mg/kg increased the lethality of yohimbine (35mg/kg, i.p.). DHZ had antioxidant activity on in vitro lipid peroxidation induced by sodium nitroprusside in all brain regions tested. The results revealed that DHZ has a potent antidepressant effect, which seems to involve the serotonergic and noradrenergic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Débora M Martinez
- Departamento de Ciência e Tecnologia Agroindustrial (DCTA), Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Angelita Barcellos
- Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos, Laboratório de Síntese Orgânica Limpa (LASOL), Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Angela M Casaril
- Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Unidade Biotecnologia, Grupo de Pesquisa em Neurobiotecnologia (GPN), Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Lucielli Savegnago
- Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Unidade Biotecnologia, Grupo de Pesquisa em Neurobiotecnologia (GPN), Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil.
| | - Eder J Lernardão
- Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos, Laboratório de Síntese Orgânica Limpa (LASOL), Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
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Srinivasan M, Kalpana KB, Devipriya N, Menon VP. Protective effect of lycopene on whole body irradiation induced liver damage of Swiss albino mice: Pathological evaluation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bionut.2013.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Kma L. Plant Extracts and Plant-Derived Compounds: Promising Players in Countermeasure Strategy Against Radiological Exposure: A Review. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2014; 15:2405-25. [DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2014.15.6.2405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Shi Z, Lu Z, Zhao Y, Wang Y, Zhao-Wilson X, Guan P, Duan X, Chang YZ, Zhao B. Neuroprotective effects of aqueous extracts of Uncaria tomentosa: Insights from 6-OHDA induced cell damage and transgenic Caenorhabditis elegans model. Neurochem Int 2013; 62:940-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2013.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2012] [Revised: 02/26/2013] [Accepted: 03/03/2013] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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Small molecules interacting with α-synuclein: antiaggregating and cytoprotective properties. Amino Acids 2013; 45:327-38. [PMID: 23645386 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-013-1503-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2013] [Accepted: 04/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Curcumin, a dietary polyphenol, has shown a potential to act on the symptoms of neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases, as a consequence of its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-protein aggregation properties. Unfortunately, curcumin undergoes rapid degradation at physiological pH into ferulic acid, vanillin and dehydrozingerone, making it an unlikely drug candidate. Here, we evaluated the ability of some curcumin by-products: dehydrozingerone (1), its O-methyl derivative (2), zingerone (3), and their biphenyl analogues (4-6) to interact with α-synuclein (AS), using CD and fluorescence spectroscopy. In addition, the antioxidant properties and the cytoprotective effects in rat pheochromocytoma (PC12) cells prior to intoxication with H2O2, MPP+ and MnCl2 were examined while the Congo red assay was used to evaluate the ability of these compounds to prevent aggregation of AS. We found that the biphenyl zingerone analogue (6) interacts with high affinity with AS and also displays the best antioxidant properties while the biphenyl analogues of dehydrozingerone (4) and of O-methyl-dehydrozingerone (5) are able to partially inhibit the aggregation process of AS, suggesting the potential role of a hydroxylated biphenyl scaffold in the design of AS aggregation inhibitors.
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Afzal A, Oriqat G, Akram Khan M, Jose J, Afzal M. Chemistry and Biochemistry of Terpenoids fromCurcumaand Related Species. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/22311866.2013.782757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Yogosawa S, Yamada Y, Yasuda S, Sun Q, Takizawa K, Sakai T. Dehydrozingerone, a structural analogue of curcumin, induces cell-cycle arrest at the G2/M phase and accumulates intracellular ROS in HT-29 human colon cancer cells. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2012; 75:2088-2093. [PMID: 23245566 DOI: 10.1021/np300465f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Dehydrozingerone (1) is a pungent constituent present in the rhizomes of ginger (Zingiber officinale) and belongs structurally to the vanillyl ketone class. It is a representative of half the chemical structure of curcumin (2), which is an antioxidative yellow pigment obtained from the rhizomes of turmeric (Curcuma longa). Numerous studies have suggested that 2 is a promising phytochemical for the inhibition of malignant tumors, including colon cancer. On the other hand, there have been few studies on the potential antineoplastic properties of 1, and its mode of action based on a molecular mechanism is little known. Therefore, the antiproliferative effects of 1 were evaluated against HT-29 human colon cancer cells, and it was found that 1 dose-dependently inhibited growth at the G2/M phase with up-regulation of p21. Dehydrozingerone additionally led to the accumulation of intracellular ROS, although most radical scavengers could not clearly repress the cell-cycle arrest at the G2/M phase. Furthermore, two synthetic isomers of 1 (iso-dehydrozingerone, 3, and ortho-dehydrozingerone, 4) were also examined. On comparing of their activities, accumulation of intracellular ROS was found to be interrelated with growth-inhibitory effects. These results suggest that analogues of 1 may be potential chemotherapeutic agents for colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shingo Yogosawa
- Department of Molecular-Targeting Cancer Prevention, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kyoto, Japan
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Kalpana KB, Vishwanathan P, Thayalan K, Menon VP. Protective effect of dendrodoine analog, an aminothiazole derivative against X-radiation induced hepatocellular damage in mice. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2012; 34:832-840. [PMID: 23127424 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2012.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2012] [Revised: 07/31/2012] [Accepted: 09/04/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the radioprotective effect of dendrodoine analog (DA) against radiation-induced damage in the liver of mice. The study was divided into two phases; in the first phase, the effective concentration of DA was fixed by performing a survival study. In the second phase, the fixed effective concentration of DA was orally administered to mice to evaluate its radioprotective efficacy by performing various assays. The results indicated that the radiation-induced decrease in the activities of antioxidant enzymes, increase in thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and comet parameters were altered by pre-administration with the effective concentration of DA which restored the antioxidant status to near normal and decreased the level of the TBARS and comet parameters. The histopathological examinations further confirmed the hepatoprotective effect of DA in mice. Thus, the current study showed DA to be an effective radioprotector against radiation induced damage in the liver of mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- K B Kalpana
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar 608 002, Tamil Nadu, India
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Mentha piperita as a pivotal neuro-protective agent against gamma irradiation induced DNA fragmentation and apoptosis : Mentha extract as a neuroprotective against gamma irradiation. Cytotechnology 2012; 65:145-56. [PMID: 23011739 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-012-9470-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2011] [Accepted: 05/29/2012] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Ionizing radiation is classified as a potent carcinogen, and its injury to living cells, in particular to DNA, is due to oxidative stress enhancing apoptotic cell death. Our present study aimed to characterize and semi-quantify the radiation-induced apoptosis in CNS and the activity of Mentha extracts as neuron-protective agent. Our results through flow cytometry exhibited the significant disturbance and arrest in cell cycle in % of M1: SubG1 phase, M2: G0/1 phase of diploid cycle, M3: S phase and M4: G2/M phase of cell cycle in brain tissue (p < 0.05). Significant increase in % of apoptosis and P53 protein expression as apoptotic biomarkers were coincided with significant decrease in Bcl(2) as an anti-apoptotic marker. The biochemical analysis recorded a significant decrease in the levels of reduced glutathione, superoxide dismutase, deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid contents. Moreover, numerous histopathological alterations were detected in brain tissues of gamma irradiated mice such as signs of chromatolysis in pyramidal cells of cortex, nuclear vacuolation, numerous apoptotic cell, and neural degeneration. On the other hand, gamma irradiated mice pretreated with Mentha extract showed largely an improvement in all the above tested parameters through a homeostatic state for the content of brain apoptosis and stabilization of DNA cycle with a distinct improvement in cell cycle analysis and antioxidant defense system. Furthermore, the aforementioned effects of Mentha extracts through down-regulation of P53 expression and up-regulation of Bcl(2) domain protected brain structure from extensive damage. Therefore, Mentha extract seems to have a significant role to ameliorate the neuronal injury induced by gamma irradiation.
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Baliga MS, Haniadka R, Pereira MM, Thilakchand KR, Rao S, Arora R. Radioprotective effects of Zingiber officinale Roscoe (ginger): past, present and future. Food Funct 2012; 3:714-23. [PMID: 22596078 DOI: 10.1039/c2fo10225k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Radiation is an important modality in treating people with cancer especially when surgical intervention is impracticable or might debilitate the patient. However, effective use of ionizing radiation is compromised by the side effects that result from radiation-induced damage to normal tissue. The use of radioprotective compounds, which can selectively protect normal tissues against radiation injury is of immense use because in addition to association with protecting the normal tissue, it will also permits use of higher doses of radiation to obtain better cancer control and possible cure. However, till date no ideal radioprotectors are available as most synthetic compounds are toxic at their optimal concentrations. Plants commonly used as dietary and or therapeutic agents have recently been the focus of attention since in most cases they are non-toxic and are easily accepted for human use. Ginger, the rhizomes of Zingiber officinale Roscoe (Zingiberaceae), has widely been used as both culinary and medicinal agent. Preclinical studies carried out in the last decade has shown that ginger and its phytochemicals dehydrozingerone, zingerone possess radioprotective effects in laboratory animals and in cultured cells in vitro. The hydroalcoholic extract of ginger rhizome when administered either through intraperitoneal or oral route was effective in protecting against gamma radiation-induced sickness and mortality. The phytochemicals dehydrogingerone and zingerone present in ginger are also shown to protect mice against radiation-induced sickness and mortality. Mechanistic studies have indicated that the free radical scavenging, antioxidant affects, anti-inflammatory and anti-clastogenic effects may contribute towards the observed protection. Additionally, studies with tumor bearing mice have also shown that zingerone selectively protects the normal tissues against the tumoricidal effects of radiation. This review for the first time summarizes the results related to the radioprotective properties and also emphasizes the aspects that warrant future research to establish its activity and utility as a radioprotective agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manjeshwar Shrinath Baliga
- Research and Development, Father Muller Medical College, Father Muller Hospital Road, Kankanady, Mangalore, Karnataka, India 575002.
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Kanimozhi G, Rajendra Prasad N, Ramachandran S, Pugalendi K. Umbelliferone protects whole-body irradiated Swiss albino mice: Study on animal survival, tissue antioxidant status and DNA damage. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bionut.2012.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Baliga MS, Haniadka R, Pereira MM, D'Souza JJ, Pallaty PL, Bhat HP, Popuri S. Update on the chemopreventive effects of ginger and its phytochemicals. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2011; 51:499-523. [PMID: 21929329 DOI: 10.1080/10408391003698669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The rhizomes of Zingiber officinale Roscoe (Zingiberaceae), commonly known as ginger, is one of the most widely used spice and condiment. It is also an integral part of many traditional medicines and has been extensively used in Chinese, Ayurvedic, Tibb-Unani, Srilankan, Arabic, and African traditional medicines, since antiquity, for many unrelated human ailments including common colds, fever, sore throats, vomiting, motion sickness, gastrointestinal complications, indigestion, constipation, arthritis, rheumatism, sprains, muscular aches, pains, cramps, hypertension, dementia, fever, infectious diseases, and helminthiasis. The putative active compounds are nonvolatile pungent principles, namely gingerols, shogaols, paradols, and zingerone. These compounds are some of the extensively studied phytochemicals and account for the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiemetic, and gastroprotective activities. A number of preclinical investigations with a wide variety of assay systems and carcinogens have shown that ginger and its compounds possess chemopreventive and antineoplastic effects. A number of mechanisms have been observed to be involved in the chemopreventive effects of ginger. The cancer preventive activities of ginger are supposed to be mainly due to free radical scavenging, antioxidant pathways, alteration of gene expressions, and induction of apoptosis, all of which contribute towards decrease in tumor initiation, promotion, and progression. This review provides concise information from preclinical studies with both cell culture models and relevant animal studies by focusing on the mechanisms responsible for the chemopreventive action. The conclusion describes directions for future research to establish its activity and utility as a human cancer preventive and therapeutic drug. The above-mentioned mechanisms of ginger seem to be promising for cancer prevention; however, further clinical studies are warranted to assess the efficacy and safety of ginger.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manjeshwar Shrinath Baliga
- Research and Development, Father Muller Medical College, Father Muller Hospital Road, Kankanady, Mangalore, 575002, Karnataka, India.
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Effect of Dehydrozingerone, a half analog of curcumin on dexamethasone-delayed wound healing in albino rats. Mol Cell Biochem 2011; 355:249-56. [DOI: 10.1007/s11010-011-0861-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2011] [Accepted: 04/28/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Feng JY, Liu ZQ. Feruloylacetone as the model compound of half-curcumin: Synthesis and antioxidant properties. Eur J Med Chem 2011; 46:1198-206. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2011.01.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2010] [Revised: 01/20/2011] [Accepted: 01/25/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Evaluating the radioprotective effect of hesperidin in the liver of Swiss albino mice. Eur J Pharmacol 2011; 658:206-12. [PMID: 21371459 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2011.02.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2010] [Revised: 02/16/2011] [Accepted: 02/17/2011] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The present study was aimed to evaluate the radioprotective efficacy of hesperidin, a flavonone glycoside against X-ray radiation-induced cellular damage in the liver of Swiss albino mice. The first phase of the study was carried out to fix the effective concentration of hesperidin by performing a 30 days of survival studies using different graded doses [12.5, 25, 50 and 100mg/kg body weight] of hesperidin administered orally to mice via intragastric intubations for seven consecutive days prior to exposure of whole body radiation (10 Gy). Based on the results of survival studies, the effective dose of hesperidin was fixed which was then administered to animals orally via intragastric intubations for seven consecutive days prior to exposure of whole body radiation (4 Gy) to evaluate its radioprotective efficacy by performing various biochemical estimations, comet assay, DNA fragmentation assay and histopathological studies in the liver of Swiss albino mice. The results indicated that radiation-induced decrease in the levels of endogenous antioxidant enzymes and increase in lipid peroxidative index, DNA damage and comet parameters were altered by pre-administration with the effective dose of hesperidin [25mg/kg body weight] which restored the antioxidant status to near normal and decreased the levels of lipid peroxidative index, DNA damage and comet parameters. These results were further confirmed by histopathological examinations which indicated that pre-administration with the effective dose of hesperidin reduced the hepatic damage induced by radiation. Thus the current study shows hesperidin to be an effective radioprotector against radiation induced damage in the liver of mice.
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Whole body radioprotective activity of an acetone-water extract from the seedpod of Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn. seedpod. Food Chem Toxicol 2010; 48:3374-84. [PMID: 20837084 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2010.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2010] [Revised: 08/25/2010] [Accepted: 09/05/2010] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Procyanidins extracted with acetone-water from lotus (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.) seedpod (LSPCs) were evaluated for in vivo radioprotective activity against whole body gamma irradiation in Swiss albino mice. Pretreated with LSPCs 200 mg/kg by intragastric (i.g.) for 15 days was found to be the most effective dose in preventing radiation sickness, reducing radiation-induced mortality, increasing mean survival time and elevating radiation median lethal dose (LD(50)) from 8.9 to 10.5 Gy, indicating a dose modifying factor (DMF) of 1.18. Further, administered LSPCs at a dose of 200 mg/kg could effectively maintain spleen index close to normal, stimulate endogenous spleen colony forming units, promote the levels of red blood cells (RBC), white blood cells (WBC), platelets and hemoglobin in peripheral blood, and prevent spleen and skin damage in irradiated mice, reduce the level of radiation-induced micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes in bone marrow, maintain the polychromatic erythrocytes (PCE) and normochromatic erythrocytes (NCE) ratio (P/N ratio) and significantly decrease bone marrow chromosomal damage. Alternatively, pretreated with LSPCs (200 mg/kg) significantly decreased the lipid peroxidation (LPO) level, and elevated the activities of endogenous antioxidant enzymes in liver after irradiation. Thus LSPCs possess a strong whole body radioprotective activity, and it may be used as a radioprotector.
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Duan Y, Zhang H, Xu F, Xie B, Yang X, Wang Y, Yan Y. Inhibition effect of procyanidins from lotus seedpod on mouse B16 melanoma in vivo and in vitro. Food Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2010.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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The Neuroprotective Effect of Batch-2, an Aqueous Extract From Cat′s Claw( Uncaria tomentosa) on 6-OHDA-Induced SH-SY5Y Cell Damage*. PROG BIOCHEM BIOPHYS 2010. [DOI: 10.3724/sp.j.1206.2009.00762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Rastogi L, Feroz S, Pandey BN, Jagtap A, Mishra KP. Protection against radiation-induced oxidative damage by an ethanolic extract of Nigella sativa L. Int J Radiat Biol 2010; 86:719-31. [DOI: 10.3109/09553002.2010.484480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lori Rastogi
- Radiation Biology and Health Sciences Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Center, Mumbai
| | - Shaikh Feroz
- Department of Pharmacology, Bombay College of Pharmacy, Mumbai, India
| | - Badri Narain Pandey
- Radiation Biology and Health Sciences Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Center, Mumbai
| | - Arti Jagtap
- Department of Pharmacology, Bombay College of Pharmacy, Mumbai, India
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Jia D, Koonce NA, Griffin RJ, Jackson C, Corry PM. Prevention and mitigation of acute death of mice after abdominal irradiation by the antioxidant N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC). Radiat Res 2010; 173:579-89. [PMID: 20426657 DOI: 10.1667/rr2030.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Gastrointestinal (GI) injury is a major cause of acute death after total-body exposure to large doses of ionizing radiation, but the cellular and molecular explanations for GI death remain dubious. To address this issue, we developed a murine abdominal irradiation model. Mice were irradiated with a single dose of X rays to the abdomen, treated with daily s.c. injection of N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC) or vehicle for 7 days starting either 4 h before or 2 h after irradiation, and monitored for up to 30 days. Separately, mice from each group were assayed 6 days after irradiation for bone marrow reactive oxygen species (ROS), ex vivo colony formation of bone marrow stromal cells, and histological changes in the duodenum. Irradiation of the abdomen caused dose-dependent weight loss and mortality. Radiation-induced acute death was preceded not only by a massive loss of duodenal villi but also, surprisingly, abscopal suppression of stromal cells and elevation of ROS in the nonirradiated bone marrow. NAC diminished these radiation-induced changes and improved 10- and 30-day survival rates to >50% compared with <5% in vehicle-treated controls. Our data establish a central role for abscopal stimulation of bone marrow ROS in acute death in mice after abdominal irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Jia
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences College of Medicine, Little Rock, Arkansas 72205, USA
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YouGuo C, ZongJi S, XiaoPing C. Evaluation of free radicals scavenging and immunity-modulatory activities of Purslane polysaccharides. Int J Biol Macromol 2009; 45:448-52. [PMID: 19643128 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2009.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2009] [Revised: 07/09/2009] [Accepted: 07/17/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
In this study, antioxidant and immunity-modulatory activities of Purslane polysaccharide were estimated. The results revealed that in a dose-dependent manner, Purslane polysaccharides could significantly scavenge superoxide anion, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH(-)), nitric oxide and hydroxyl radicals. Furthermore, the Purslane polysaccharides could still effectively inhibit the red blood cell (RBC) haemolysis, and increase spleen, thymocyte T and B lymphocyte proliferation, it could be concluded that Purslane polysaccharides could be of considerable preventive and therapeutic significance to some free radical associated health problems such as ovarian cancer, by scavenging accumulating free radicals and enhancing immunity functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen YouGuo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China.
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