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Gao M, Wang X, Su S, Feng W, Lai Y, Huang K, Cao D, Wang Q. Meningeal lymphatic vessel crosstalk with central nervous system immune cells in aging and neurodegenerative diseases. Neural Regen Res 2025; 20:763-778. [PMID: 38886941 DOI: 10.4103/nrr.nrr-d-23-01595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Meningeal lymphatic vessels form a relationship between the nervous system and periphery, which is relevant in both health and disease. Meningeal lymphatic vessels not only play a key role in the drainage of brain metabolites but also contribute to antigen delivery and immune cell activation. The advent of novel genomic technologies has enabled rapid progress in the characterization of myeloid and lymphoid cells and their interactions with meningeal lymphatic vessels within the central nervous system. In this review, we provide an overview of the multifaceted roles of meningeal lymphatic vessels within the context of the central nervous system immune network, highlighting recent discoveries on the immunological niche provided by meningeal lymphatic vessels. Furthermore, we delve into the mechanisms of crosstalk between meningeal lymphatic vessels and immune cells in the central nervous system under both homeostatic conditions and neurodegenerative diseases, discussing how these interactions shape the pathological outcomes. Regulation of meningeal lymphatic vessel function and structure can influence lymphatic drainage, cerebrospinal fluid-borne immune modulators, and immune cell populations in aging and neurodegenerative disorders, thereby playing a key role in shaping meningeal and brain parenchyma immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghuang Gao
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xinyue Wang
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Shijie Su
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Weicheng Feng
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yaona Lai
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Kongli Huang
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Dandan Cao
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
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2
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You H, Geng S, Li S, Imani M, Brambilla D, Sun T, Jiang C. Recent advances in biomimetic strategies for the immunotherapy of glioblastoma. Biomaterials 2024; 311:122694. [PMID: 38959533 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2024.122694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 06/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
Immunotherapy is regarded as one of the most promising approaches for treating tumors, with a multitude of immunotherapeutic thoughts currently under consideration for the lethal glioblastoma (GBM). However, issues with immunotherapeutic agents, such as limited in vivo stability, poor blood-brain barrier (BBB) penetration, insufficient GBM targeting, and represented monotherapy, have hindered the success of immunotherapeutic interventions. Moreover, even with the aid of conventional drug delivery systems, outcomes remain suboptimal. Biomimetic strategies seek to overcome these formidable drug delivery challenges by emulating nature's intelligent structures and functions. Leveraging the variety of biological structures and functions, biomimetic drug delivery systems afford a versatile platform with enhanced biocompatibility for the co-delivery of diverse immunotherapeutic agents. Moreover, their inherent capacity to traverse the BBB and home in on GBM holds promise for augmenting the efficacy of GBM immunotherapy. Thus, this review begins by revisiting the various thoughts and agents on immunotherapy for GBM. Then, the barriers to successful GBM immunotherapy are analyzed, and the corresponding biomimetic strategies are explored from the perspective of function and structure. Finally, the clinical translation's current state and prospects of biomimetic strategy are addressed. This review aspires to provide fresh perspectives on the advancement of immunotherapy for GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyu You
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery/Innovative Center for New Drug Development of Immune Inflammatory Diseases (Ministry of Education), Minhang Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Shuo Geng
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery/Innovative Center for New Drug Development of Immune Inflammatory Diseases (Ministry of Education), Minhang Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Shangkuo Li
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery/Innovative Center for New Drug Development of Immune Inflammatory Diseases (Ministry of Education), Minhang Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Mohammad Imani
- Department of Science, Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute, Tehran 14977-13115, Iran; Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Institute for Convergence Science & Technology, Tehran 14588-89694, Iran
| | - Davide Brambilla
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Montreal, Montreal Quebec H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Tao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery/Innovative Center for New Drug Development of Immune Inflammatory Diseases (Ministry of Education), Minhang Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Chen Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery/Innovative Center for New Drug Development of Immune Inflammatory Diseases (Ministry of Education), Minhang Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
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3
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White AJ, Harary M, Casaos J, Everson RG. Current immunotherapy techniques in meningioma. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2024; 24:931-941. [PMID: 39233324 DOI: 10.1080/14737140.2024.2399252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 08/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Although meningiomas are the most common primary brain tumor, there are limited treatment options for recurrent or aggressive lesions. Compared to other brain tumors, meningiomas may be uniquely amenable to immunotherapy by virtue of their location outside the blood-brain barrier. AREAS COVERED This review describes our current understanding of the immunology of the meninges, as well as immune cell infiltration and immune signaling in meningioma. Current literature on meningioma immunology and immunotherapy was comprehensively reviewed and summarized by a comprehensive search of MEDLINE (1/1/1990-6/1/2024). Further, we describe the current state of immunotherapeutic approaches, as well as potential future targets. Potential immunotherapeutic approaches include immune checkpoint inhibition, CAR-T approaches, tumor vaccine therapy, and immunogenic molecular markers. EXPERT OPINION Meningioma immunotherapy is in early stages, as no immunotherapies are currently included in treatment guidelines. There is substantial heterogeneity in immune cell infiltration, immunogenicity, and immune escape across tumors, even within tumor grade. Furthering our understanding of meningioma immunology and tumor classification will allow for careful selection of tumors and patient populations that may benefit from primary or adjunctive immunotherapy for meningioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra J White
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Maya Harary
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Joshua Casaos
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Richard G Everson
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Leguizamon M, McKnight CD, Ponzo T, Elenberger J, Eisma JJ, Song AK, Trujillo P, Considine CM, Donahue MJ, Claassen DO, Hett K. Intravenous arachnoid granulation hypertrophy in patients with Parkinson disease. NPJ Parkinsons Dis 2024; 10:177. [PMID: 39304673 DOI: 10.1038/s41531-024-00796-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 09/11/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Intravenous arachnoid granulations (AGs) are protrusions of the arachnoid membrane into the venous lumen and function as contributors to the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow circuit. Patients with Parkinson disease (PD) often present with accumulation of alpha synuclein. Previous works have provided evidence for neurofluid circulation dysfunction in neurodegenerative diseases associated with changes in CSF egress, which may have implications regarding AG morphology. The present study aims to investigate group differences in AG volumetrics between healthy and PD participants, as well as relationships between AG characteristics and clinical assessments. Generalized linear models revealed significant increases in AG volumetrics and number in PD compared to healthy controls. Partial Spearman-rank correlation analyses demonstrated significant relationships between AG metrics and motor and cognitive assessments. Finally, AG volumetrics were positively correlated with objective actigraphy measures of sleep dysfunction, but not self-report sleep symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Colin D McKnight
- Vanderbilt Medical Center, Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Tristan Ponzo
- Vanderbilt Medical Center, Department of Neurology, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Jason Elenberger
- Vanderbilt Medical Center, Department of Neurology, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Jarrod J Eisma
- Vanderbilt Medical Center, Department of Neurology, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Alexander K Song
- Vanderbilt Medical Center, Department of Neurology, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Paula Trujillo
- Vanderbilt Medical Center, Department of Neurology, Nashville, TN, USA
| | | | - Manus J Donahue
- Vanderbilt Medical Center, Department of Neurology, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt Medical Center, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt University, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Daniel O Claassen
- Vanderbilt Medical Center, Department of Neurology, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Kilian Hett
- Vanderbilt Medical Center, Department of Neurology, Nashville, TN, USA.
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Christensen SL, Levy D. Meningeal brain borders and migraine headache genesis. Trends Neurosci 2024:S0166-2236(24)00155-3. [PMID: 39304416 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2024.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2024] [Revised: 08/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/23/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024]
Abstract
Migraine is a highly prevalent and disabling pain disorder that affects >1 billion people worldwide. One central hypothesis points to the cranial meninges as a key site underlying migraine headache genesis through complex interplay between meningeal sensory nerves, blood vessels, and adjacent immune cells. How these interactions might generate migraine headaches remains incompletely understood and a subject of much debate. In this review we discuss clinical and preclinical evidence supporting the concept that meningeal sterile inflammation, involving neurovascular and neuroimmune interactions, underlies migraine headache genesis. We examine downstream signaling pathways implicated in the development of migraine pain in response to exogenous events such as infusing migraine-triggering chemical substances. We further discuss cortex-to-meninges signaling pathways that could underlie migraine pain in response to endogenous events, such as cortical spreading depolarization (CSD), and explore future directions for the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Louise Christensen
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Neurology, Danish Headache Center, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Glostrup, Denmark; Translational Research Centre, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - Dan Levy
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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6
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Zanluqui NG, McGavern DB. Why do central nervous system barriers host a diverse immune landscape? Trends Immunol 2024:S1471-4906(24)00195-9. [PMID: 39299888 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2024.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2024] [Revised: 08/27/2024] [Accepted: 08/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024]
Abstract
The meninges in vertebrates comprise three layers (dura, arachnoid, pia mater), representing an important barrier surrounding and protecting the central nervous system (CNS). The most exterior CNS barrier, the dura mater, is unique because it resembles a peripheral tissue. It hosts a rich immune landscape, lymphatic vessels, and fenestrated vasculature, allowing microbes and other threats from the blood to extravasate into the meninges, potentially reaching the underlying CNS. The highly specialized large venous drainage system in the dura is especially susceptible to infection. Here, we explore specializations in the CNS barrier system from an anatomical and immunological perspective and posit that the dura mater evolved an elaborate innate and adaptive immune system in specific locations within it to protect underlying CNS tissue against invading pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagela G Zanluqui
- Viral Immunology and Intravital Imaging Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), National Institute of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Dorian B McGavern
- Viral Immunology and Intravital Imaging Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), National Institute of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA.
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7
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Zhang J, Simoes R, Guo T, Cao YQ. Neuroimmune interactions in the development and chronification of migraine headache. Trends Neurosci 2024:S0166-2236(24)00152-8. [PMID: 39271369 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2024.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Revised: 07/31/2024] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024]
Abstract
Migraine is highly prevalent and debilitating. The persistent headaches in this condition are thought to arise from the activation and sensitization of the trigeminovascular pathway. Both clinical and animal model studies have suggested that neuroimmune interactions contribute to the pathophysiology of migraine headache. In this review, we first summarize the findings from human studies implicating the dysregulation of the immune system in migraine, including genetic analyses, measurement of circulatory factors, and neuroimaging data. We next discuss recent advances from rodent studies aimed at elucidating the neuroimmune interactions that manifest at various levels of the trigeminovascular pathway and lead to the recruitment of innate and adaptive immune cells as well as immunocompetent glial cells. These cells reciprocally modulate neuronal activity via multiple pro- and anti-inflammatory mediators, thereby regulating peripheral and central sensitization. Throughout the discussions, we highlight the potential clinical and translational implications of the findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jintao Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Center, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Roli Simoes
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Center, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Tingting Guo
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Center, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Yu-Qing Cao
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Center, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
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8
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Zhang Y, Wang M, Zhu Q, Guo Y, Liu B, Li J, Yao X, Kong C, Zhang Y, Huang Y, Qi H, Wu J, Guo ZV, Dai Q. Long-term mesoscale imaging of 3D intercellular dynamics across a mammalian organ. Cell 2024:S0092-8674(24)00917-6. [PMID: 39276776 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2024.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 09/17/2024]
Abstract
A comprehensive understanding of physio-pathological processes necessitates non-invasive intravital three-dimensional (3D) imaging over varying spatial and temporal scales. However, huge data throughput, optical heterogeneity, surface irregularity, and phototoxicity pose great challenges, leading to an inevitable trade-off between volume size, resolution, speed, sample health, and system complexity. Here, we introduce a compact real-time, ultra-large-scale, high-resolution 3D mesoscope (RUSH3D), achieving uniform resolutions of 2.6 × 2.6 × 6 μm3 across a volume of 8,000 × 6,000 × 400 μm3 at 20 Hz with low phototoxicity. Through the integration of multiple computational imaging techniques, RUSH3D facilitates a 13-fold improvement in data throughput and an orders-of-magnitude reduction in system size and cost. With these advantages, we observed premovement neural activity and cross-day visual representational drift across the mouse cortex, the formation and progression of multiple germinal centers in mouse inguinal lymph nodes, and heterogeneous immune responses following traumatic brain injury-all at single-cell resolution, opening up a horizon for intravital mesoscale study of large-scale intercellular interactions at the organ level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanlong Zhang
- Department of Automation, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Institute for Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Multi-dimension & Multi-scale Computational Photography (MMCP), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Mingrui Wang
- Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518071, China
| | - Qiyu Zhu
- IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yuduo Guo
- Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518071, China
| | - Bo Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing 100084, China; Laboratory of Dynamic Immunobiology, Institute for Immunology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jiamin Li
- IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xiao Yao
- IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Chui Kong
- School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Automation, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Institute for Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Multi-dimension & Multi-scale Computational Photography (MMCP), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yuchao Huang
- IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Hai Qi
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing 100084, China; Laboratory of Dynamic Immunobiology, Institute for Immunology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jiamin Wu
- Department of Automation, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Institute for Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Multi-dimension & Multi-scale Computational Photography (MMCP), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Zengcai V Guo
- IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Qionghai Dai
- Department of Automation, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Institute for Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Multi-dimension & Multi-scale Computational Photography (MMCP), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
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Krsek A, Ostojic L, Zivalj D, Baticic L. Navigating the Neuroimmunomodulation Frontier: Pioneering Approaches and Promising Horizons-A Comprehensive Review. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:9695. [PMID: 39273641 PMCID: PMC11396210 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25179695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2024] [Revised: 08/30/2024] [Accepted: 09/03/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
The research in neuroimmunomodulation aims to shed light on the complex relationships that exist between the immune and neurological systems and how they affect the human body. This multidisciplinary field focuses on the way immune responses are influenced by brain activity and how neural function is impacted by immunological signaling. This provides important insights into a range of medical disorders. Targeting both brain and immunological pathways, neuroimmunomodulatory approaches are used in clinical pain management to address chronic pain. Pharmacological therapies aim to modulate neuroimmune interactions and reduce inflammation. Furthermore, bioelectronic techniques like vagus nerve stimulation offer non-invasive control of these systems, while neuromodulation techniques like transcranial magnetic stimulation modify immunological and neuronal responses to reduce pain. Within the context of aging, neuroimmunomodulation analyzes the ways in which immunological and neurological alterations brought on by aging contribute to cognitive decline and neurodegenerative illnesses. Restoring neuroimmune homeostasis through strategies shows promise in reducing age-related cognitive decline. Research into mood disorders focuses on how immunological dysregulation relates to illnesses including anxiety and depression. Immune system fluctuations are increasingly recognized for their impact on brain function, leading to novel treatments that target these interactions. This review emphasizes how interdisciplinary cooperation and continuous research are necessary to better understand the complex relationship between the neurological and immune systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antea Krsek
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Leona Ostojic
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Dorotea Zivalj
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Lara Baticic
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
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Ligocki AP, Vinson AV, Yachnis AT, Dunn WA, Smith DE, Scott EA, Alvarez-Castanon JV, Baez Montalvo DE, Frisone OG, Brown GAJ, Pessa JE, Scott EW. Cerebrospinal fluid flow extends to peripheral nerves further unifying the nervous system. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadn3259. [PMID: 39231237 PMCID: PMC11373606 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adn3259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024]
Abstract
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is responsible for maintaining brain homeostasis through nutrient delivery and waste removal for the central nervous system (CNS). Here, we demonstrate extensive CSF flow throughout the peripheral nervous system (PNS) by tracing distribution of multimodal 1.9-nanometer gold nanoparticles, roughly the size of CSF circulating proteins, infused within the lateral cerebral ventricle (a primary site of CSF production). CSF-infused 1.9-nanometer gold transitions from CNS to PNS at root attachment/transition zones and distributes through the perineurium and endoneurium, with ultimate delivery to axoplasm of distal peripheral nerves. Larger 15-nanometer gold fails to transit from CNS to PNS and instead forms "dye-cuffs," as predicted by current dogma of CSF restriction within CNS, identifying size limitations in central to peripheral flow. Intravenous 1.9-nanometer gold is unable to cross the blood-brain/nerve barrier. Our findings suggest that CSF plays a consistent role in maintaining homeostasis throughout the nervous system with implications for CNS and PNS therapy and neural drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander P Ligocki
- Program in Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Augustine V Vinson
- Program in Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Anthony T Yachnis
- Program in Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - William A Dunn
- Program in Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Douglas E Smith
- Program in Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Scott
- Program in Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Jimena V Alvarez-Castanon
- Program in Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Daniel E Baez Montalvo
- Program in Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Olivia G Frisone
- Program in Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Gary A J Brown
- Program in Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Joel E Pessa
- Program in Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Edward W Scott
- Program in Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
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11
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Gao W, Kim MW, Dykstra T, Du S, Boskovic P, Lichti CF, Ruiz-Cardozo MA, Gu X, Weizman Shapira T, Rustenhoven J, Molina C, Smirnov I, Merbl Y, Ray WZ, Kipnis J. Engineered T cell therapy for central nervous system injury. Nature 2024:10.1038/s41586-024-07906-y. [PMID: 39232158 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07906-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024]
Abstract
Traumatic injuries to the central nervous system (CNS) afflict millions of individuals worldwide1, yet an effective treatment remains elusive. Following such injuries, the site is populated by a multitude of peripheral immune cells, including T cells, but a comprehensive understanding of the roles and antigen specificity of these endogenous T cells at the injury site has been lacking. This gap has impeded the development of immune-mediated cellular therapies for CNS injuries. Here, using single-cell RNA sequencing, we demonstrated the clonal expansion of mouse and human spinal cord injury-associated T cells and identified that CD4+ T cell clones in mice exhibit antigen specificity towards self-peptides of myelin and neuronal proteins. Leveraging mRNA-based T cell receptor (TCR) reconstitution, a strategy aimed to minimize potential adverse effects from prolonged activation of self-reactive T cells, we generated engineered transiently autoimmune T cells. These cells demonstrated notable neuroprotective efficacy in CNS injury models, in part by modulating myeloid cells via IFNγ. Our findings elucidate mechanistic insight underlying the neuroprotective function of injury-responsive T cells and pave the way for the future development of T cell therapies for CNS injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqing Gao
- Center for Brain Immunology and Glia (BIG), Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
| | - Min Woo Kim
- Center for Brain Immunology and Glia (BIG), Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Immunology Program, School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Taitea Dykstra
- Center for Brain Immunology and Glia (BIG), Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Siling Du
- Center for Brain Immunology and Glia (BIG), Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Immunology Program, School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Pavle Boskovic
- Center for Brain Immunology and Glia (BIG), Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Cheryl F Lichti
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Bursky Center for Human Immunology and Immunotherapy Programs, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Miguel A Ruiz-Cardozo
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Xingxing Gu
- Center for Brain Immunology and Glia (BIG), Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Tal Weizman Shapira
- Systems Immunology Department, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Justin Rustenhoven
- Center for Brain Immunology and Glia (BIG), Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Camilo Molina
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Igor Smirnov
- Center for Brain Immunology and Glia (BIG), Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Yifat Merbl
- Systems Immunology Department, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Wilson Z Ray
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jonathan Kipnis
- Center for Brain Immunology and Glia (BIG), Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
- Immunology Program, School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
- Medical Scientist Training Program, School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
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12
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van Osch MJP, Wåhlin A, Scheyhing P, Mossige I, Hirschler L, Eklund A, Mogensen K, Gomolka R, Radbruch A, Qvarlander S, Decker A, Nedergaard M, Mori Y, Eide PK, Deike K, Ringstad G. Human brain clearance imaging: Pathways taken by magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents after administration in cerebrospinal fluid and blood. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2024; 37:e5159. [PMID: 38634301 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.5159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Over the last decade, it has become evident that cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) plays a pivotal role in brain solute clearance through perivascular pathways and interactions between the brain and meningeal lymphatic vessels. Whereas most of this fundamental knowledge was gained from rodent models, human brain clearance imaging has provided important insights into the human system and highlighted the existence of important interspecies differences. Current gold standard techniques for human brain clearance imaging involve the injection of gadolinium-based contrast agents and monitoring their distribution and clearance over a period from a few hours up to 2 days. With both intrathecal and intravenous injections being used, which each have their own specific routes of distribution and thus clearance of contrast agent, a clear understanding of the kinetics associated with both approaches, and especially the differences between them, is needed to properly interpret the results. Because it is known that intrathecally injected contrast agent reaches the blood, albeit in small concentrations, and that similarly some of the intravenously injected agent can be detected in CSF, both pathways are connected and will, in theory, reach the same compartments. However, because of clear differences in relative enhancement patterns, both injection approaches will result in varying sensitivities for assessment of different subparts of the brain clearance system. In this opinion review article, the "EU Joint Programme - Neurodegenerative Disease Research (JPND)" consortium on human brain clearance imaging provides an overview of contrast agent pharmacokinetics in vivo following intrathecal and intravenous injections and what typical concentrations and concentration-time curves should be expected. This can be the basis for optimizing and interpreting contrast-enhanced MRI for brain clearance imaging. Furthermore, this can shed light on how molecules may exchange between blood, brain, and CSF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias J P van Osch
- C. J. Gorter MRI Center, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Anders Wåhlin
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Radiation Physics, Biomedical Engineering, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Department of Applied Physics and Electronics, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Paul Scheyhing
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Bonn, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Ingrid Mossige
- Division of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Department of Physics and Computational Radiology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, The Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Lydiane Hirschler
- C. J. Gorter MRI Center, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Anders Eklund
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Radiation Physics, Biomedical Engineering, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Klara Mogensen
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Radiation Physics, Biomedical Engineering, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Ryszard Gomolka
- Center for Translational Neuromedicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Alexander Radbruch
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Bonn, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Sara Qvarlander
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Radiation Physics, Biomedical Engineering, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Andreas Decker
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Maiken Nedergaard
- Center for Translational Neuromedicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Center for Translational Neuromedicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Yuki Mori
- Center for Translational Neuromedicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Per Kristian Eide
- Department of Neurosurgery, Oslo University Hospital-Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
- KG Jebsen Centre for Brain Fluid Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Katerina Deike
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Bonn, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Geir Ringstad
- Department of Radiology, Oslo University Hospital-Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Geriatrics and Internal Medicine, Sorlandet Hospital, Arendal, Norway
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13
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Park JH, Alexander JF, Smyth LCD, Kipnis J. DALT: the brain's border patrol. Cell Res 2024; 34:603-604. [PMID: 38777860 PMCID: PMC11369212 DOI: 10.1038/s41422-024-00976-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jang Hyun Park
- Brain Immunology and Glia (BIG) Center, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jenolyn F Alexander
- Brain Immunology and Glia (BIG) Center, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Leon C D Smyth
- Brain Immunology and Glia (BIG) Center, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jonathan Kipnis
- Brain Immunology and Glia (BIG) Center, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.
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14
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Takei J, Maeda M, Fukasawa N, Kawashima M, Miyake M, Tomoto K, Nawate S, Teshigawara A, Suzuki T, Yamamoto Y, Nagashima H, Mori R, Fukushima R, Matsushima S, Kino H, Muroi A, Tsurubuchi T, Sakamoto N, Nishiwaki K, Yano S, Hasegawa Y, Murayama Y, Akasaki Y, Shimoda M, Ishikawa E, Tanaka T. Comparative analyses of immune cells and alpha-smooth muscle actin-positive cells under the immunological microenvironment between with and without dense fibrosis in primary central nervous system lymphoma. Brain Tumor Pathol 2024:10.1007/s10014-024-00488-7. [PMID: 39186169 DOI: 10.1007/s10014-024-00488-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
Histopathologic examinations of primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) reveal concentric accumulation of lymphocytes in the perivascular area with fibrosis. However, the nature of this fibrosis in "stiff" PCNSL remains unclear. We have encountered some PCNSLs with hard masses as surgical findings. This study investigated the dense fibrous status and tumor microenvironment of PCNSLs with or without stiffness. We evaluated by silver-impregnation nine PCNSLs with stiffness and 26 PCNSLs without stiffness. Six of the nine stiff PCNSLs showed pathological features of prominent fibrosis characterized by aggregation of reticulin fibers, and collagen accumulations. Alpha-smooth muscle actin (αSMA)-positive spindle cells as a cancer-associated fibroblast, the populations of T lymphocytes, and macrophages were compared between fibrous and control PCNSLs. Fibrous PCNSLs included abundant αSMA-positive cells in both intra- and extra-tumor environments (5/6, 87% and 3/6, 50%, respectively). Conversely, only one out of the seven control PCNSL contained αSMA-positive cells in the intra-tumoral area. Furthermore, the presence of extra-tumoral αSMA-positive cells was associated with infiltration of T lymphocytes and macrophages. In conclusion, recognizing the presence of dense fibrosis in PCNSL can provide insights into the tumor microenvironment. These results may help stratify patients with PCNSL and improve immunotherapies for these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Takei
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Jikei University Katsushika Medical Center, 6-41-2 Aoto, Katsushika-ku, Tokyo, 125-8506, Japan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishi-Shimbashi, Minato-Ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan
| | - Miku Maeda
- Department of Pathology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishi-Shimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan
| | - Nei Fukasawa
- Department of Pathology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishi-Shimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan
| | - Masaharu Kawashima
- Division of Clinical Oncology and Hematology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishi-Shimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan
| | - Misayo Miyake
- Department of Pathology, The Jikei University Kashiwa Hospital, 163-1 Kashiwa-shita, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8567, Japan
| | - Kyoichi Tomoto
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Jikei University Kashiwa Hospital, 163-1 Kashiwa-shita, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8567, Japan
| | - Shohei Nawate
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishi-Shimbashi, Minato-Ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan
| | - Akihiko Teshigawara
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Jikei University Kashiwa Hospital, 163-1 Kashiwa-shita, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8567, Japan
| | - Tomoya Suzuki
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishi-Shimbashi, Minato-Ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan
| | - Yohei Yamamoto
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Jikei University Daisan Hospital, 4-11-1 Izumi-honcho, Komae-shi, Tokyo, 201-8601, Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Nagashima
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Jikei University Katsushika Medical Center, 6-41-2 Aoto, Katsushika-ku, Tokyo, 125-8506, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Mori
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishi-Shimbashi, Minato-Ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan
| | - Ryoko Fukushima
- Division of Clinical Oncology and Hematology, The Jikei University Kashiwa Hospital, 163-1 Kashiwa-shita, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8567, Japan
| | - Satoshi Matsushima
- Department of Radiology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishi-Shimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan
| | - Hiroyoshi Kino
- Department of Neurosurgery, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Ai Muroi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Takao Tsurubuchi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Noriaki Sakamoto
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Kaichi Nishiwaki
- Division of Clinical Oncology and Hematology, The Jikei University Kashiwa Hospital, 163-1 Kashiwa-shita, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8567, Japan
| | - Shingo Yano
- Division of Clinical Oncology and Hematology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishi-Shimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan
| | - Yuzuru Hasegawa
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Jikei University Kashiwa Hospital, 163-1 Kashiwa-shita, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8567, Japan
| | - Yuichi Murayama
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishi-Shimbashi, Minato-Ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan
| | - Yasuharu Akasaki
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishi-Shimbashi, Minato-Ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan
| | - Masayuki Shimoda
- Department of Pathology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishi-Shimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan
| | - Eiichi Ishikawa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Toshihide Tanaka
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishi-Shimbashi, Minato-Ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan.
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Jikei University Kashiwa Hospital, 163-1 Kashiwa-shita, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8567, Japan.
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15
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Ma YZ, Cao JX, Zhang YS, Su XM, Jing YH, Gao LP. T Cells Trafficking into the Brain in Aging and Alzheimer's Disease. J Neuroimmune Pharmacol 2024; 19:47. [PMID: 39180590 DOI: 10.1007/s11481-024-10147-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/26/2024]
Abstract
The meninges, choroid plexus (CP) and blood-brain barrier (BBB) are recognized as important gateways for peripheral immune cell trafficking into the central nervous system (CNS). Accumulation of peripheral immune cells in brain parenchyma can be observed during aging and Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the mechanisms by which peripheral immune cells enter the CNS through these three pathways and how they interact with resident cells within the CNS to cause brain injury are not fully understood. In this paper, we review recent research on T cells recruitment in the brain during aging and AD. This review focuses on the possible pathways through which T cells infiltrate the brain, the evidence that T cells are recruited to the brain, and how infiltrating T cells interact with the resident cells in the CNS during aging and AD. Unraveling these issues will contribute to a better understanding of the mechanisms of aging and AD from the perspective of immunity, and hopefully develop new therapeutic strategies for brain aging and AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue-Zhang Ma
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jia-Xin Cao
- Institute of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Neuroscience, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yi-Shu Zhang
- Institute of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Neuroscience, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Mei Su
- Institute of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Neuroscience, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yu-Hong Jing
- Institute of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Neuroscience, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.
| | - Li-Ping Gao
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.
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16
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Xu C, Nedergaard M, Fowell DJ, Friedl P, Ji N. Multiphoton fluorescence microscopy for in vivo imaging. Cell 2024; 187:4458-4487. [PMID: 39178829 PMCID: PMC11373887 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2024.07.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 07/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/26/2024]
Abstract
Multiphoton fluorescence microscopy (MPFM) has been a game-changer for optical imaging, particularly for studying biological tissues deep within living organisms. MPFM overcomes the strong scattering of light in heterogeneous tissue by utilizing nonlinear excitation that confines fluorescence emission mostly to the microscope focal volume. This enables high-resolution imaging deep within intact tissue and has opened new avenues for structural and functional studies. MPFM has found widespread applications and has led to numerous scientific discoveries and insights into complex biological processes. Today, MPFM is an indispensable tool in many research communities. Its versatility and effectiveness make it a go-to technique for researchers investigating biological phenomena at the cellular and subcellular levels in their native environments. In this Review, the principles, implementations, capabilities, and limitations of MPFM are presented. Three application areas of MPFM, neuroscience, cancer biology, and immunology, are reviewed in detail and serve as examples for applying MPFM to biological research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris Xu
- School of Applied and Engineering Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA
| | - Maiken Nedergaard
- Center for Translational Neuromedicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Nørre Alle 3B, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; University of Rochester Medical School, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Deborah J Fowell
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Peter Friedl
- Department of Medical BioSciences, Radboud University Medical Centre, Geert Grooteplein 26-28, Nijmegen HB 6500, the Netherlands
| | - Na Ji
- Department of Neuroscience, Department of Physics, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
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17
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Romera C, Riba M, Alsina R, Sartorio M, Vilaplana J, Pelegrí C, Del Valle J. Mouse brain contains age-dependent extraparenchymal granular structures and astrocytes, both reactive to natural IgM antibodies, linked to the fissura magna. Immun Ageing 2024; 21:56. [PMID: 39169358 PMCID: PMC11337560 DOI: 10.1186/s12979-024-00460-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mouse brains can contain specific polyglucosan aggregates known as Periodic Acid-Schiff (PAS)-granules. Generated in astrocytes, these granules increase with age and exhibit neo-epitopes of carbohydrate nature that are recognized by natural IgM antibodies (IgMs). The existence of neoepitopes on PAS granules suggests the presence of neoepitopes in other brain structures, and this is investigated here. To this end, brain sections from SAMP8 and ICR-CD1 mice were examined at different ages. RESULTS We have identified two novel structures that, apart from PAS granules, are recognized by natural IgMs. On one side, IgM reactive (IgM+) granular structures which are placed in the longitudinal fissure, the quadrigeminal cistern, and a region that extends from the quadrigeminal cistern to the interpeduncular cistern. This last region, located between the telencephalon and both the mesencephalon and diencephalon, is designated henceforth as the fissura magna, as it is indeed a fissure and the largest in the brain. As all these regions are extraparenchymal (EP), the IgM+ granules found in these zones have been named EP granules. These EP granules are mainly associated with fibroblasts and are not stained with PAS. On the other side, some IgM+ astrocytes have been found in the glia limitans, near the above-mentioned fissures. Remarkably, EP granules are more prevalent at younger ages, while the number of IgM+ astrocytes increases with age, similarly to the already described evolution of PAS granules. CONCLUSIONS The present work reports the presence of two brain-related structures that, apart from PAS granules, contain neo-epitopes of carbohydrate nature, namely EP granules and IgM+ astrocytes. We suggest that EP granules, associated to fibroblasts, may be part of a physiological function in brain clearance or brain-CSF immune surveillance, while both PAS granules and IgM+ astrocytes may be related to the increasing accumulation of harmful materials that occurs with age and linked to brain protective mechanisms. Moreover, the specific localisation of these EP granules and IgM+ astrocytes suggest the importance of the fissura magna in these brain-related cleaning and immune functions. The overall results reinforce the possible link between the fissura magna and the functioning of the glymphatic system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Romera
- Secció de Fisiologia, Departament de Bioquímica i Fisiologia, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de L'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, 08028, Spain
- Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, 08035, Spain
- Centros de Biomedicina en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, 28031, Spain
| | - Marta Riba
- Secció de Fisiologia, Departament de Bioquímica i Fisiologia, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de L'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, 08028, Spain
- Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, 08035, Spain
- Centros de Biomedicina en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, 28031, Spain
| | - Raquel Alsina
- Secció de Fisiologia, Departament de Bioquímica i Fisiologia, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de L'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, 08028, Spain
- Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, 08035, Spain
- Centros de Biomedicina en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, 28031, Spain
| | - Marina Sartorio
- Secció de Fisiologia, Departament de Bioquímica i Fisiologia, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de L'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, 08028, Spain
- Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, 08035, Spain
| | - Jordi Vilaplana
- Secció de Fisiologia, Departament de Bioquímica i Fisiologia, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de L'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, 08028, Spain
- Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, 08035, Spain
- Centros de Biomedicina en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, 28031, Spain
| | - Carme Pelegrí
- Secció de Fisiologia, Departament de Bioquímica i Fisiologia, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de L'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, 08028, Spain.
- Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, 08035, Spain.
- Centros de Biomedicina en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, 28031, Spain.
| | - Jaume Del Valle
- Secció de Fisiologia, Departament de Bioquímica i Fisiologia, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de L'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, 08028, Spain.
- Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, 08035, Spain.
- Centros de Biomedicina en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, 28031, Spain.
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18
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Salvador AFM, Abduljawad N, Kipnis J. Meningeal Lymphatics in Central Nervous System Diseases. Annu Rev Neurosci 2024; 47:323-344. [PMID: 38648267 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-neuro-113023-103045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Since its recent discovery, the meningeal lymphatic system has reshaped our understanding of central nervous system (CNS) fluid exchange, waste clearance, immune cell trafficking, and immune privilege. Meningeal lymphatics have also been demonstrated to functionally modify the outcome of neurological disorders and their responses to treatment, including brain tumors, inflammatory diseases such as multiple sclerosis, CNS injuries, and neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. In this review, we discuss recent evidence of the contribution of meningeal lymphatics to neurological diseases, as well as the available experimental methods for manipulating meningeal lymphatics in these conditions. Finally, we also provide a discussion of the pressing questions and challenges in utilizing meningeal lymphatics as a prime target for CNS therapeutic intervention and possibly drug delivery for brain disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Francesca M Salvador
- Brain Immunology and Glia (BIG) Center and Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA;
| | - Nora Abduljawad
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- Brain Immunology and Glia (BIG) Center and Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA;
| | - Jonathan Kipnis
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- Brain Immunology and Glia (BIG) Center and Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA;
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19
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Sun Z, Zhang B, Zhou J, Luo Y, Zhu X, Wang Y, He Y, Zheng P, Zhang L, Yang J, Wang G. Integrated Single-Cell RNA-seq and ATAC-seq Reveals Heterogeneous Differentiation of CD4 + Naive T Cell Subsets is Associated with Response to Antidepressant Treatment in Major Depressive Disorder. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2308393. [PMID: 38867657 PMCID: PMC11321657 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202308393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
The mechanism involved in major depressive disorder (MDD) is well-studied but the mechanistic origin of the heterogeneous antidepressant effect remains largely unknown. Single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) and assay for transposase-accessible chromatin using sequencing (ATAC-seq) on peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 8 healthy individuals and 8 MDD patients before or after 12 weeks of antidepressant treatment is performed. scRNA-seq analysis reveals a lower proportion of naive T cells, particularly CD4+ naive T cells, in MDD patients compared to controls, and in nonresponders versus responders at the baseline. Flow cytometry data analysis of an independent cohort of 35 patients and 40 healthy individuals confirms the findings. Enrichment analysis of differentially expressed genes indicated obvious immune activation in responders. A specific activated CD4+ naive T population in responders characterized by enhanced mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) pathway is identified. E-twenty six (ETS) is proposed as an upstream regulator of the MAPK pathway and heterogeneous differentiation in activated CD4+ naive T population is associated with the response to antidepressant treatment in MDD patients. A distinct immune feature manifested by CD4+ naive T cells during antidepressant treatment in MDD is identified. Collectively, this proposes the molecular mechanism that underlies the heterogeneous antidepressant outcomes for MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuoli Sun
- The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental DisordersBeijing Anding HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing100088China
| | - Bowen Zhang
- College of Life SciencesBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing100875China
| | - Jingjing Zhou
- The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental DisordersBeijing Anding HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing100088China
| | - Yanting Luo
- The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental DisordersBeijing Anding HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing100088China
| | - Xuequan Zhu
- The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental DisordersBeijing Anding HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing100088China
| | - Yaping Wang
- The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental DisordersBeijing Anding HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing100088China
| | - Yi He
- The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental DisordersBeijing Anding HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing100088China
| | - Peng Zheng
- Department of NeurologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400016China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional DiseasesThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400016China
| | - Ling Zhang
- The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental DisordersBeijing Anding HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing100088China
| | - Jian Yang
- The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental DisordersBeijing Anding HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing100088China
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain ProtectionCapital Medical UniversityBeijing100069China
| | - Gang Wang
- The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental DisordersBeijing Anding HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing100088China
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain ProtectionCapital Medical UniversityBeijing100069China
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20
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Dobersalske C, Rauschenbach L, Hua Y, Berliner C, Steinbach A, Grüneboom A, Kokkaliaris KD, Heiland DH, Berger P, Langer S, Tan CL, Stenzel M, Landolsi S, Weber F, Darkwah Oppong M, Werner RA, Gull H, Schröder T, Linsenmann T, Buck AK, Gunzer M, Stuschke M, Keyvani K, Forsting M, Glas M, Kipnis J, Steindler DA, Reinhardt HC, Green EW, Platten M, Tasdogan A, Herrmann K, Rambow F, Cima I, Sure U, Scheffler B. Cranioencephalic functional lymphoid units in glioblastoma. Nat Med 2024:10.1038/s41591-024-03152-x. [PMID: 39085419 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-024-03152-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
The ecosystem of brain tumors is considered immunosuppressed, but our current knowledge may be incomplete. Here we analyzed clinical cell and tissue specimens derived from patients presenting with glioblastoma or nonmalignant intracranial disease to report that the cranial bone (CB) marrow, in juxtaposition to treatment-naive glioblastoma tumors, harbors active lymphoid populations at the time of initial diagnosis. Clinical and anatomical imaging, single-cell molecular and immune cell profiling and quantification of tumor reactivity identified CD8+ T cell clonotypes in the CB that were also found in the tumor. These were characterized by acute and durable antitumor response rooted in the entire T cell developmental spectrum. In contrast to distal bone marrow, the CB niche proximal to the tumor showed increased frequencies of tumor-reactive CD8+ effector types expressing the lymphoid egress marker S1PR1. In line with this, cranial enhancement of CXCR4 radiolabel may serve as a surrogate marker indicating focal association with improved progression-free survival. The data of this study advocate preservation and further exploitation of these cranioencephalic units for the clinical care of glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celia Dobersalske
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Essen/Düsseldorf, a partnership between DKFZ and University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- DKFZ Division Translational Neurooncology at the WTZ, University Medicine Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Laurèl Rauschenbach
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Essen/Düsseldorf, a partnership between DKFZ and University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- DKFZ Division Translational Neurooncology at the WTZ, University Medicine Essen, Essen, Germany
- West German Cancer Center (WTZ), University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
- Department of Neurosurgery and Spine Surgery, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
- Center for Translational Neuroscience and Behavioral Science (C-TNBS), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Yichao Hua
- Department of Applied Computational Cancer Research, IKIM, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Christoph Berliner
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Anita Steinbach
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Essen/Düsseldorf, a partnership between DKFZ and University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- DKFZ Division Translational Neurooncology at the WTZ, University Medicine Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Anika Grüneboom
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften-ISAS-e.V., Dortmund, Germany
| | - Konstantinos D Kokkaliaris
- Dr. Senckenberg Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- DKTK, German Cancer Consortium, partner site Frankfurt/Mainz, Quantitative Spatial Cancer Biology Laboratory, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Frankfurt Cancer Institute (FCI), Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Dieter H Heiland
- DKTK, German Cancer Consortium, partner site Freiburg, Translational Neurosurgery, Microenvironment and Immunology Research Laboratory, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Clinic Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Pia Berger
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Essen/Düsseldorf, a partnership between DKFZ and University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- DKFZ Division Translational Neurooncology at the WTZ, University Medicine Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Sarah Langer
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Essen/Düsseldorf, a partnership between DKFZ and University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- DKFZ Division Translational Neurooncology at the WTZ, University Medicine Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Chin L Tan
- CCU Neuroimmunology and Brain Tumor Immunology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
- DKTK, German Cancer Consortium, Core Center Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Mannheim Center for Translational Neuroscience, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Martin Stenzel
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften-ISAS-e.V., Dortmund, Germany
| | - Somaya Landolsi
- Dr. Senckenberg Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- DKTK, German Cancer Consortium, partner site Frankfurt/Mainz, Quantitative Spatial Cancer Biology Laboratory, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Frankfurt Cancer Institute (FCI), Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Flora Weber
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften-ISAS-e.V., Dortmund, Germany
| | - Marvin Darkwah Oppong
- Department of Neurosurgery and Spine Surgery, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
- Center for Translational Neuroscience and Behavioral Science (C-TNBS), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Rudolf A Werner
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- University Hospital Frankfurt, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Clinic for Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology, Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Hanah Gull
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Essen/Düsseldorf, a partnership between DKFZ and University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- DKFZ Division Translational Neurooncology at the WTZ, University Medicine Essen, Essen, Germany
- Department of Neurosurgery and Spine Surgery, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
- Center for Translational Neuroscience and Behavioral Science (C-TNBS), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Thomas Schröder
- Department of Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Thomas Linsenmann
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Andreas K Buck
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Gunzer
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften-ISAS-e.V., Dortmund, Germany
- Institute for Experimental Immunology and Imaging, University Hospital, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Martin Stuschke
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Essen/Düsseldorf, a partnership between DKFZ and University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- West German Cancer Center (WTZ), University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Kathy Keyvani
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Michael Forsting
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Martin Glas
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Essen/Düsseldorf, a partnership between DKFZ and University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- West German Cancer Center (WTZ), University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
- Center for Translational Neuroscience and Behavioral Science (C-TNBS), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Division of Neurooncology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Jonathan Kipnis
- Brain Immunology and Glia (BIG) Center, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, St Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Dennis A Steindler
- Steindler Consulting, Boston, MA, USA
- The Eshelman Institute for Innovation, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Hans Christian Reinhardt
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Essen/Düsseldorf, a partnership between DKFZ and University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- West German Cancer Center (WTZ), University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
- Department of Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
- Center of Medical Biotechnology (ZMB), University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Edward W Green
- CCU Neuroimmunology and Brain Tumor Immunology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
- DKTK, German Cancer Consortium, Core Center Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Mannheim Center for Translational Neuroscience, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Michael Platten
- CCU Neuroimmunology and Brain Tumor Immunology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
- DKTK, German Cancer Consortium, Core Center Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Mannheim Center for Translational Neuroscience, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- Immune Monitoring Unit, National Center for Tumor Diseases, Heidelberg, Germany
- Helmholtz Institute for Translational Oncology, Mainz, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center-Hector Cancer Institute at the Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Alpaslan Tasdogan
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Essen/Düsseldorf, a partnership between DKFZ and University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- West German Cancer Center (WTZ), University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
- Center of Medical Biotechnology (ZMB), University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Ken Herrmann
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Essen/Düsseldorf, a partnership between DKFZ and University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- West German Cancer Center (WTZ), University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Florian Rambow
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Essen/Düsseldorf, a partnership between DKFZ and University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- Department of Applied Computational Cancer Research, IKIM, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
- Center of Medical Biotechnology (ZMB), University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Igor Cima
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Essen/Düsseldorf, a partnership between DKFZ and University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- DKFZ Division Translational Neurooncology at the WTZ, University Medicine Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Ulrich Sure
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Essen/Düsseldorf, a partnership between DKFZ and University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- West German Cancer Center (WTZ), University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
- Department of Neurosurgery and Spine Surgery, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
- Center for Translational Neuroscience and Behavioral Science (C-TNBS), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Björn Scheffler
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Essen/Düsseldorf, a partnership between DKFZ and University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
- DKFZ Division Translational Neurooncology at the WTZ, University Medicine Essen, Essen, Germany.
- West German Cancer Center (WTZ), University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany.
- Center of Medical Biotechnology (ZMB), University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.
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21
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Xue X, Wu X, Fan Y, Han S, Zhang H, Sun Y, Yin Y, Yin M, Chen B, Sun Z, Zhao S, Zhang Q, Liu W, Zhang J, Li J, Shi Y, Xiao Z, Dai J, Zhao Y. Heterogeneous fibroblasts contribute to fibrotic scar formation after spinal cord injury in mice and monkeys. Nat Commun 2024; 15:6321. [PMID: 39060269 PMCID: PMC11282111 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-50564-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) leads to fibrotic scar formation at the lesion site, yet the heterogeneity of fibrotic scar remains elusive. Here we show the heterogeneity in distribution, origin, and function of fibroblasts within fibrotic scars after SCI in mice and female monkeys. Utilizing lineage tracing and single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), we found that perivascular fibroblasts (PFs), and meningeal fibroblasts (MFs), rather than pericytes/vascular smooth cells (vSMCs), primarily contribute to fibrotic scar in both transection and crush SCI. Crabp2 + /Emb+ fibroblasts (CE-F) derived from meninges primarily localize in the central region of fibrotic scars, demonstrating enhanced cholesterol synthesis and secretion of type I collagen and fibronectin. In contrast, perivascular/pial Lama1 + /Lama2+ fibroblasts (LA-F) are predominantly found at the periphery of the lesion, expressing laminin and type IV collagen and functionally involved in angiogenesis and lipid transport. These findings may provide a comprehensive understanding for remodeling heterogeneous fibrotic scars after SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Xianming Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Yongheng Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Shuyu Han
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Haipeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Yuting Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Yanyun Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Man Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Bing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Zheng Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Shuaijing Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Weiyuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Jiaojiao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Jiayin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Ya Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Zhifeng Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Jianwu Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, China.
| | - Yannan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
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22
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Wang TW, Nakanishi M. Immune surveillance of senescence: potential application to age-related diseases. Trends Cell Biol 2024:S0962-8924(24)00121-1. [PMID: 39025762 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2024.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Several lines of evidence suggest that the age-dependent accumulation of senescent cells leads to chronic tissue microinflammation, which in turn contributes to age-related pathologies. In general, senescent cells can be eliminated by the host's innate and adaptive immune surveillance system, including macrophages, NK cells, and T cells. Impaired immune surveillance leads to the accumulation of senescent cells and accelerates the aging process. Recently, senescent cells, like cancer cells, have been shown to express certain types of immune checkpoint proteins as well as non-classical immune-tolerant MHC variants, leading to immune escape from surveillance systems. Thus, immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) may be a promising strategy to enhance immune surveillance of senescence, leading to the amelioration of some age-related diseases and tissue dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teh-Wei Wang
- Division of Cancer Cell Biology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Makoto Nakanishi
- Division of Cancer Cell Biology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan.
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23
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Shlobin NA, Staple BL, Sclafani M, Harter DH. The Glymphatic System and Subarachnoid Lymphatic-Like Membrane: Recent Developments in Cerebrospinal Fluid Research. World Neurosurg 2024; 190:147-156. [PMID: 39002777 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2024.07.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) circulates throughout the ventricles, cranial and spinal subarachnoid spaces, and central spinal cord canal. CSF protects the central nervous system through mechanical cushioning, regulation of intracranial pressure, regulation of metabolic homeostasis, and provision of nutrients. Recently, investigators have characterized the glial-lymphatic (glymphatic) system, the analog of the lymphatic system in the central nervous system, and described a fourth meningeal layer; the subarachnoid lymphatic-like membrane (SLYM)relevant to the CSF. METHODS A narrative review was conducted. RESULTS In this review, we summarize these advances. We describe the development of the original model, controversies, a revised model, and a new conceptual framework. We characterize the biological functions, influence of sleep-wake cycles, and effect of aging with relevance to the glymphatic system. We highlight the role of the glymphatic system in Alzheimer's disease, idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus, ischemic stroke, subarachnoid hemorrhage, and traumatic brain injury. Next, we characterize the structure and role of the SLYM. Finally, we explore the relevance of the glymphatic system and SLYM to neurosurgery. CONCLUSIONS This manuscript will inform clinicians and scientists regarding preclinical and translational advances in the understanding of the structure, dynamics, and function of the CSF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan A Shlobin
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
| | - Brandon L Staple
- College of Medicine, University of Nebraska, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | | | - David H Harter
- Department of Neurosurgery, NYU Langone, New York, New York, USA
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24
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Kaag Rasmussen M, Møllgård K, Bork PAR, Weikop P, Esmail T, Drici L, Wewer Albrechtsen NJ, Carlsen JF, Huynh NPT, Ghitani N, Mann M, Goldman SA, Mori Y, Chesler AT, Nedergaard M. Trigeminal ganglion neurons are directly activated by influx of CSF solutes in a migraine model. Science 2024; 385:80-86. [PMID: 38963846 DOI: 10.1126/science.adl0544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
Classical migraine patients experience aura, which is transient neurological deficits associated with cortical spreading depression (CSD), preceding headache attacks. It is not currently understood how a pathological event in cortex can affect peripheral sensory neurons. In this study, we show that cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flows into the trigeminal ganglion, establishing nonsynaptic signaling between brain and trigeminal cells. After CSD, ~11% of the CSF proteome is altered, with up-regulation of proteins that directly activate receptors in the trigeminal ganglion. CSF collected from animals exposed to CSD activates trigeminal neurons in naïve mice in part by CSF-borne calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP). We identify a communication pathway between the central and peripheral nervous system that might explain the relationship between migrainous aura and headache.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Kaag Rasmussen
- Center for Translational Neuromedicine, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kjeld Møllgård
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Peter A R Bork
- Center for Translational Neuromedicine, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Pia Weikop
- Center for Translational Neuromedicine, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tina Esmail
- Center for Translational Neuromedicine, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lylia Drici
- NNF Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nicolai J Wewer Albrechtsen
- NNF Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department for Clinical Biochemistry, University Hospital Copenhagen - Bispebjerg, Copenhagen, 2400 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jonathan Frederik Carlsen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Radiology, Copenhagen University Hospital-Rigshospitalet, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nguyen P T Huynh
- Center for Translational Neuromedicine, Division of Glial Disease and Therapeutics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
- Sana Biotechnology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Nima Ghitani
- National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (NCCIH), Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Matthias Mann
- NNF Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Proteomics and Signal Transduction, Max-Planck Institute of Biochemistry, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
| | - Steven A Goldman
- Center for Translational Neuromedicine, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Center for Translational Neuromedicine, Division of Glial Disease and Therapeutics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
- Sana Biotechnology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Yuki Mori
- Center for Translational Neuromedicine, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Alexander T Chesler
- National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (NCCIH), Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Maiken Nedergaard
- Center for Translational Neuromedicine, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Center for Translational Neuromedicine, Division of Glial Disease and Therapeutics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
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25
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Hou X, Li Q. Medulla oblongata and NCCs are central defenders against Streptococcus agalactiae infection of the tilapia brain. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1442906. [PMID: 39011038 PMCID: PMC11246860 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1442906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Various types of professional immune cells first emerge in fish and likely represent the primordial form and functions. Recent advancements revealed the direct connection between the central nervous system and the immune system in the mammalian brain. However, the specifics of brain-immune networks in the fish and the underlying mechanisms of teleost's brain against pathogen infection have not been fully elucidated. In this study, we investigated the distribution of markers representing cerebral cells associated with protection and professional lymphocytes in the seven major components of the Nile tilapia brain through RNA-Seq assay and observed the most dominant abundance in the medulla oblongata. The subsequent challenge test revealed the non-specific cytotoxic cells (NCCs) exhibited the strongest response against streptococcal infection of the brain. The presence of NCCs in the brain was then confirmed using immunofluorescence and the cytotoxic effects usually induced by NCCs under infection were determined as well. Collectively, these findings contribute significantly to comprehending the mechanism of fish neuroimmune interaction and enhancing our understanding of its evolutionary development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xitan Hou
- Institute of Forensic Medicine and Laboratory Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Qi Li
- College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
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26
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Levi J, Guglielmetti C, Henrich TJ, Yoon JC, Gokhale PC, Reardon DA, Packiasamy J, Huynh L, Cabrera H, Ruzevich M, Blecha J, Peluso MJ, Huynh TL, An SM, Dornan M, Belanger AP, Nguyen QD, Seo Y, Song H, Chaumeil MM, VanBrocklin HF, Chae HD. [ 18F]F-AraG imaging reveals association between neuroinflammation and brown- and bone marrow adipose tissue. Commun Biol 2024; 7:793. [PMID: 38951146 PMCID: PMC11217368 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-06494-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Brown and brown-like adipose tissues have attracted significant attention for their role in metabolism and therapeutic potential in diabetes and obesity. Despite compelling evidence of an interplay between adipocytes and lymphocytes, the involvement of these tissues in immune responses remains largely unexplored. This study explicates a newfound connection between neuroinflammation and brown- and bone marrow adipose tissue. Leveraging the use of [18F]F-AraG, a mitochondrial metabolic tracer capable of tracking activated lymphocytes and adipocytes simultaneously, we demonstrate, in models of glioblastoma and multiple sclerosis, the correlation between intracerebral immune infiltration and changes in brown- and bone marrow adipose tissue. Significantly, we show initial evidence that a neuroinflammation-adipose tissue link may also exist in humans. This study proposes the concept of an intricate immuno-neuro-adipose circuit, and highlights brown- and bone marrow adipose tissue as an intermediary in the communication between the immune and nervous systems. Understanding the interconnectedness within this circuitry may lead to advancements in the treatment and management of various conditions, including cancer, neurodegenerative diseases and metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelena Levi
- CellSight Technologies Incorporated, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | - Caroline Guglielmetti
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Timothy J Henrich
- Division of Experimental Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - John C Yoon
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Davis, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Lyna Huynh
- CellSight Technologies Incorporated, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Hilda Cabrera
- CellSight Technologies Incorporated, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Joseph Blecha
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Michael J Peluso
- Division of HIV, ID and Global Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Tony L Huynh
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Sung-Min An
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Mark Dornan
- Molecular Cancer Imaging Facility, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Anthony P Belanger
- Molecular Cancer Imaging Facility, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Quang-Dé Nguyen
- Lurie Family Imaging Center, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Youngho Seo
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Hong Song
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Myriam M Chaumeil
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Henry F VanBrocklin
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Hee-Don Chae
- CellSight Technologies Incorporated, San Francisco, CA, USA
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27
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Zarate SM, Kirabo A, Hinton AO, Santisteban MM. Neuroimmunology of Cardiovascular Disease. Curr Hypertens Rep 2024; 26:339-347. [PMID: 38613621 PMCID: PMC11199253 DOI: 10.1007/s11906-024-01301-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of death and chronic disability worldwide. Yet, despite extensive intervention strategies the number of persons affected by CVD continues to rise. Thus, there is great interest in unveiling novel mechanisms that may lead to new treatments. Considering this dilemma, recent focus has turned to the neuroimmune mechanisms involved in CVD pathology leading to a deeper understanding of the brain's involvement in disease pathology. This review provides an overview of new and salient findings regarding the neuroimmune mechanisms that contribute to CVD. RECENT FINDINGS The brain contains neuroimmune niches comprised of glia in the parenchyma and immune cells at the brain's borders, and there is strong evidence that these neuroimmune niches are important in both health and disease. Mechanistic studies suggest that the activation of glia and immune cells in these niches modulates CVD progression in hypertension and heart failure and contributes to the inevitable end-organ damage to the brain. This review provides evidence supporting the role of neuroimmune niches in CVD progression. However, additional research is needed to understand the effects of prolonged neuroimmune activation on brain function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara M Zarate
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, USA
| | - Annet Kirabo
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, USA
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, USA
- Vanderbilt Center for Immunobiology, Nashville, USA
- Vanderbilt Institute for Infection, Immunology, and Inflammation, Nashville, USA
- Vanderbilt Institute for Global Health, Nashville, USA
| | - Antentor O Hinton
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, USA
| | - Monica M Santisteban
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, USA.
- Vanderbilt Institute for Infection, Immunology, and Inflammation, Nashville, USA.
- Vanderbilt Memory and Alzheimer's Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, USA.
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28
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Okabe Y. Development and organization of omental milky spots. Immunol Rev 2024; 324:68-77. [PMID: 38662554 DOI: 10.1111/imr.13337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
The milky spots in omentum are atypical lymphoid tissues that play a pivotal role in regulating immune responses in the peritoneal cavity. The milky spots act as central hubs for collecting antigens and particles from the peritoneal cavity, regulating lymphocyte trafficking, promoting the differentiation and self-renewal of immune cells, and supporting the local germinal centre response. In addition, the milky spots exhibit unique developmental characteristics that combine the features of secondary and tertiary lymphoid tissues. These structures are innately programmed to form during foetal development; however, they can also be formed postnatally in response to peritoneal irritation such as inflammation, infection, obesity, or tumour metastasis. In this review, I discuss emerging perspectives on homeostatic development and organization of the milky spots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasutaka Okabe
- Laboratory of Immune Homeostasis, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
- Center for Infectious Disease Education and Research (CiDER), Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
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29
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Xu H, Zhao X, Luo J. Combination of tumor antigen drainage and immune activation to promote a cancer-immunity cycle against glioblastoma. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:275. [PMID: 38907858 PMCID: PMC11335198 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-024-05300-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
While conventional cancer modalities, such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy, act through direct killing of tumor cells, cancer immunotherapy elicits potent anti-tumor immune responses thereby eliminating tumors. Nevertheless, promising outcomes have not been reported in patients with glioblastoma (GBM) likely due to the immune privileged status of the central nervous system and immunosuppressive micro-environment within GBM. In the past years, several exciting findings, such as the re-discovery of meningeal lymphatic vessels (MLVs), three-dimensional anatomical reconstruction of MLV networks, and the demonstration of the promotion of GBM immunosurveillance by lymphatic drainage enhancement, have revealed an intricate communication between the nervous and immune systems, and brought hope for the development of new GBM treatment. Based on conceptual framework of the updated cancer-immunity (CI) cycle, here we focus on GBM antigen drainage and immune activation, the early events in driving the CI cycle. We also discuss the implications of these findings for developing new therapeutic approaches in tackling fatal GBM in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Xu
- Laboratory of Vascular Biology, Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Future Technology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Xiaomei Zhao
- Laboratory of Vascular Biology, Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Future Technology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Jincai Luo
- Laboratory of Vascular Biology, Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Future Technology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
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30
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Marin-Rodero M, Reyes EC, Walker AJ, Jayewickreme T, Pinho-Ribeiro FA, Richardson Q, Jackson R, Chiu IM, Benoist C, Stevens B, Trejo JL, Mathis D. The meninges host a unique compartment of regulatory T cells that bulwarks adult hippocampal neurogenesis. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.06.17.599387. [PMID: 38948783 PMCID: PMC11212874 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.17.599387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Our knowledge about the meningeal immune system has recently burgeoned, particularly our understanding of how innate and adaptive effector cells are mobilized to meet brain challenges. However, information on how meningeal immunocytes guard brain homeostasis in healthy individuals remains sparse. This study highlights the heterogeneous and polyfunctional regulatory-T (Treg) cell compartment in the meninges. A Treg subtype specialized in controlling Th1-cell responses and another known to control responses in B-cell follicles were substantial components of this compartment, foretelling that punctual Treg-cell ablation rapidly unleashed interferon-gamma production by meningeal lymphocytes, unlocked their access to the brain parenchyma, and altered meningeal B-cell profiles. Distally, the hippocampus assumed a reactive state, with morphological and transcriptional changes in multiple glial-cell types; within the dentate gyrus, neural stem cells showed exacerbated death and desisted from further differentiation, associated with inhibition of spatial-reference memory. Thus, meningeal Treg cells are a multifaceted bulwark to brain homeostasis at steady-state. One sentence summary A distinct population of regulatory T cells in the murine meninges safeguards homeostasis by keeping local interferon-γ-producing lymphocytes in check, thereby preventing their invasion of the parenchyma, activation of hippocampal glial cells, death of neural stem cells, and memory decay.
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31
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Li Z, Cheng W, Gao K, Liang S, Ke L, Wang M, Fan J, Li D, Zhang P, Xu Z, Li N. Pyroptosis: A spoiler of peaceful coexistence between cells in degenerative bone and joint diseases. J Adv Res 2024:S2090-1232(24)00247-9. [PMID: 38876191 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2024.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As people age, degenerative bone and joint diseases (DBJDs) become more prevalent. When middle-aged and elderly people are diagnosed with one or more disorders such as osteoporosis (OP), osteoarthritis (OA), and intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD), it often signals the onset of prolonged pain and reduced functionality. Chronic inflammation has been identified as the underlying cause of various degenerative diseases, including DBJDs. Recently, excessive activation of pyroptosis, a form of programed cell death (PCD) mediated by inflammasomes, has emerged as a primary driver of harmful chronic inflammation. Consequently, pyroptosis has become a potential target for preventing and treating DBJDs. AIM OF REVIEW This review explored the physiological and pathological roles of the pyroptosis pathway in bone and joint development and its relation to DBJDs. Meanwhile, it elaborated the molecular mechanisms of pyroptosis within individual cell types in the bone marrow and joints, as well as the interplay among different cell types in the context of DBJDs. Furthermore, this review presented the latest compelling evidence supporting the idea of regulating the pyroptosis pathway for DBJDs treatment, and discussed the potential, limitations, and challenges of various therapeutic strategies involving pyroptosis regulation. KEY SCIENTIFIC CONCEPTS OF REVIEW In summary, an interesting identity for the unregulated pyroptosis pathway in the context of DBJDs was proposed in this review, which was undertaken as a spoiler of peaceful coexistence between cells in a degenerative environment. Over the extended course of DBJDs, pyroptosis pathway perpetuated its activity through crosstalk among pyroptosis cascades in different cell types, thus exacerbating the inflammatory environment throughout the entire bone marrow and joint degeneration environment. Correspondingly, pyroptosis regulation therapy emerged as a promising option for clinical treatment of DBJDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhichao Li
- First College of Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China; Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China; Center for Translational Medicine Research and Development, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Wenxiang Cheng
- Center for Translational Medicine Research and Development, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Kuanhui Gao
- First College of Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Songlin Liang
- First College of Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China; Center for Translational Medicine Research and Development, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Liqing Ke
- Center for Translational Medicine Research and Development, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Mengjie Wang
- First College of Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Jilin Fan
- First College of Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Dandan Li
- College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050011, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Center for Translational Medicine Research and Development, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China; Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University of Advanced Technology, Shenzhen 518000, China; Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging Science and System, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518000 China; Shandong Zhongke Advanced Technology Co., Ltd., Jinan, 250300 China.
| | - Zhanwang Xu
- First College of Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China; Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China.
| | - Nianhu Li
- First College of Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China; Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China.
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32
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Li H, Qian J, Wang Y, Wang J, Mi X, Qu L, Song N, Xie J. Potential convergence of olfactory dysfunction in Parkinson's disease and COVID-19: The role of neuroinflammation. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 97:102288. [PMID: 38580172 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a prevalent neurodegenerative disorder that affects 7-10 million individuals worldwide. A common early symptom of PD is olfactory dysfunction (OD), and more than 90% of PD patients suffer from OD. Recent studies have highlighted a high incidence of OD in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. This review investigates the potential convergence of OD in PD and COVID-19, particularly focusing on the mechanisms by which neuroinflammation contributes to OD and neurological events. Starting from our fundamental understanding of the olfactory bulb, we summarize the clinical features of OD and pathological features of the olfactory bulb from clinical cases and autopsy reports in PD patients. We then examine SARS-CoV-2-induced olfactory bulb neuropathology and OD and emphasize the SARS-CoV-2-induced neuroinflammatory cascades potentially leading to PD manifestations. By activating microglia and astrocytes, as well as facilitating the aggregation of α-synuclein, SARS-CoV-2 could contribute to the onset or exacerbation of PD. We also discuss the possible contributions of NF-κB, the NLRP3 inflammasome, and the JAK/STAT, p38 MAPK, TLR4, IL-6/JAK2/STAT3 and cGAS-STING signaling pathways. Although olfactory dysfunction in patients with COVID-19 may be reversible, it is challenging to restore OD in patients with PD. With the emergence of new SARS-CoV-2 variants and the recurrence of infections, we call for continued attention to the intersection between PD and SARS-CoV-2 infection, especially from the perspective of OD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- Institute of Brain Science and Disease, Shandong Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Neurodegenerative Disorders, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Junliang Qian
- Institute of Brain Science and Disease, Shandong Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Neurodegenerative Disorders, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Youcui Wang
- Institute of Brain Science and Disease, Shandong Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Neurodegenerative Disorders, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Juan Wang
- Institute of Brain Science and Disease, Shandong Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Neurodegenerative Disorders, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaoqing Mi
- Institute of Brain Science and Disease, Shandong Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Neurodegenerative Disorders, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Le Qu
- Institute of Brain Science and Disease, Shandong Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Neurodegenerative Disorders, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ning Song
- Institute of Brain Science and Disease, Shandong Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Neurodegenerative Disorders, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
| | - Junxia Xie
- Institute of Brain Science and Disease, Shandong Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Neurodegenerative Disorders, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
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33
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Zhang W, Sun HS, Wang X, Dumont AS, Liu Q. Cellular senescence, DNA damage, and neuroinflammation in the aging brain. Trends Neurosci 2024; 47:461-474. [PMID: 38729785 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2024.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Aging may lead to low-level chronic inflammation that increases the susceptibility to age-related conditions, including memory impairment and progressive loss of brain volume. As brain health is essential to promoting healthspan and lifespan, it is vital to understand age-related changes in the immune system and central nervous system (CNS) that drive normal brain aging. However, the relative importance, mechanistic interrelationships, and hierarchical order of such changes and their impact on normal brain aging remain to be clarified. Here, we synthesize accumulating evidence that age-related DNA damage and cellular senescence in the immune system and CNS contribute to the escalation of neuroinflammation and cognitive decline during normal brain aging. Targeting cellular senescence and immune modulation may provide a logical rationale for developing new treatment options to restore immune homeostasis and counteract age-related brain dysfunction and diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyan Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Institute of Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, International Joint Laboratory of Ocular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Hong-Shuo Sun
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Xiaoying Wang
- Tulane Center for Clinical Neurosciences, Department of Neurosurgery and Neurology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Aaron S Dumont
- Tulane Center for Clinical Neurosciences, Department of Neurosurgery and Neurology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Qiang Liu
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Institute of Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, International Joint Laboratory of Ocular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China.
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34
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Keuters MH, Antila S, Immonen R, Plotnikova L, Wojciechowski S, Lehtonen S, Alitalo K, Koistinaho J, Dhungana H. The Impact of VEGF-C-Induced Dural Lymphatic Vessel Growth on Ischemic Stroke Pathology. Transl Stroke Res 2024:10.1007/s12975-024-01262-9. [PMID: 38822994 DOI: 10.1007/s12975-024-01262-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
Timely relief of edema and clearance of waste products, as well as promotion of anti-inflammatory immune responses, reduce ischemic stroke pathology, and attenuate harmful long-term effects post-stroke. The discovery of an extensive and functional lymphatic vessel system in the outermost meningeal layer, dura mater, has opened up new possibilities to facilitate post-stroke recovery by inducing dural lymphatic vessel (dLV) growth via a single injection of a vector encoding vascular endothelial growth factor C (VEGF-C). In the present study, we aimed to improve post-stroke outcomes by inducing dLV growth in mice. We injected mice with a single intracerebroventricular dose of adeno-associated viral particles encoding VEGF-C before subjecting them to transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAo). Behavioral testing, Gadolinium (Gd) contrast agent-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and immunohistochemical analysis were performed to define the impact of VEGF-C on the post-stroke outcome. VEGF-C improved stroke-induced behavioral deficits, such as gait disturbances and neurological deficits, ameliorated post-stroke inflammation, and enhanced an alternative glial immune response. Importantly, VEGF-C treatment increased the drainage of brain interstitial fluid (ISF) and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), as shown by Gd-enhanced MRI. These outcomes were closely associated with an increase in the growth of dLVs around the region where we observed increased vefgc mRNA expression within the brain, including the olfactory bulb, cortex, and cerebellum. Strikingly, VEGF-C-treated ischemic mice exhibited a faster and stronger Gd-signal accumulation in ischemic core area and an enhanced fluid outflow via the cribriform plate. In conclusion, the VEGF-C-induced dLV growth improved the overall outcome post-stroke, indicating that VEGF-C has potential to be included in the treatment strategies of post-ischemic stroke. However, to maximize the therapeutic potential of VEGF-C treatment, further studies on the impact of an enhanced dural lymphatic system at clinically relevant time points are essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meike Hedwig Keuters
- Neuroscience Center, Helsinki Institute of Life Science (HiLIFE), University of Helsinki, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70210, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Salli Antila
- Wihuri Research Institute and Translational Cancer Medicine Program, University of Helsinki, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Riikka Immonen
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70210, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Lidiia Plotnikova
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70210, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Sara Wojciechowski
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70210, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Sarka Lehtonen
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70210, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Kari Alitalo
- Wihuri Research Institute and Translational Cancer Medicine Program, University of Helsinki, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jari Koistinaho
- Neuroscience Center, Helsinki Institute of Life Science (HiLIFE), University of Helsinki, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70210, Kuopio, Finland
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, University of Helsinki, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hiramani Dhungana
- Neuroscience Center, Helsinki Institute of Life Science (HiLIFE), University of Helsinki, 00014, Helsinki, Finland.
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70210, Kuopio, Finland.
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Xiong Y, Yu Q, Zhi H, Peng H, Xie M, Li R, Li K, Ma Y, Sun P. Advances in the study of the glymphatic system and aging. CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e14803. [PMID: 38887168 PMCID: PMC11183173 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
The glymphatic system is cerebrospinal fluid-brain tissue fluid exchange flow mediated by aquaporin-4 (AQP4) on the end feet of astrocytes for a system, which is capable of rapidly removing brain metabolites and thus maintaining brain homeostasis, and is known as the central immune system. Dysfunction of the glymphatic system causes accumulation of misfolded and highly phosphorylated proteins (amyloid-β and Tau proteins), which destabilizes the proteins, and the body's neuroinflammatory factors are altered causing aging of the immune system and leading to neurodegenerative diseases. Damage to the glymphatic system and aging share common manifestations, as well as unstudied biological mechanisms that are also linked, such as mitochondria, oxidative stress, chronic inflammation, and sleep. In this paper, we first summarize the structure, function, and research methods of the glymphatic system and the relationship between the glymphatic system and the peripheral immune system, and second, sort out and summarize the factors of the glymphatic system in removing metabolites and resolving aging-related diseases and factors affecting aging, to explore its related biological mechanisms, and moreover, to provide a new way of thinking for treating or intervening aging-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Xiong
- School of Traditional Chinese MedicineShandong University of Traditional Chinese MedicineJinanChina
| | - Qingying Yu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicines, Joint International Research Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicines, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical SciencesGuangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouChina
| | - Haimei Zhi
- Qilu Hospital of Shandong UniversityJinanChina
| | - Huiyuan Peng
- Department of RehabilitationZhongshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineZhongshanChina
| | - Mingjun Xie
- School of Traditional Chinese MedicineShandong University of Traditional Chinese MedicineJinanChina
| | - Renjun Li
- Department of PsychiatryJinan Mental Health CenterJinanChina
| | - Kejian Li
- Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and PharmacyShandong University of Traditional Chinese MedicineJinanChina
| | - Yuexiang Ma
- School of Traditional Chinese MedicineShandong University of Traditional Chinese MedicineJinanChina
| | - Peng Sun
- Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and PharmacyShandong University of Traditional Chinese MedicineJinanChina
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36
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Mokbel AY, Burns MP, Main BS. The contribution of the meningeal immune interface to neuroinflammation in traumatic brain injury. J Neuroinflammation 2024; 21:135. [PMID: 38802931 PMCID: PMC11131220 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-024-03122-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major cause of disability and mortality worldwide, particularly among the elderly, yet our mechanistic understanding of what renders the post-traumatic brain vulnerable to poor outcomes, and susceptible to neurological disease, is incomplete. It is well established that dysregulated and sustained immune responses elicit negative consequences after TBI; however, our understanding of the neuroimmune interface that facilitates crosstalk between central and peripheral immune reservoirs is in its infancy. The meninges serve as the interface between the brain and the immune system, facilitating important bi-directional roles in both healthy and disease settings. It has been previously shown that disruption of this system exacerbates neuroinflammation in age-related neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease; however, we have an incomplete understanding of how the meningeal compartment influences immune responses after TBI. In this manuscript, we will offer a detailed overview of the holistic nature of neuroinflammatory responses in TBI, including hallmark features observed across clinical and animal models. We will highlight the structure and function of the meningeal lymphatic system, including its role in immuno-surveillance and immune responses within the meninges and the brain. We will provide a comprehensive update on our current knowledge of meningeal-derived responses across the spectrum of TBI, and identify new avenues for neuroimmune modulation within the neurotrauma field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa Y Mokbel
- Department of Neuroscience, Georgetown University Medical Center, New Research Building-EG11, 3970 Reservoir Rd, NW, Washington, DC, 20057, USA
| | - Mark P Burns
- Department of Neuroscience, Georgetown University Medical Center, New Research Building-EG11, 3970 Reservoir Rd, NW, Washington, DC, 20057, USA
| | - Bevan S Main
- Department of Neuroscience, Georgetown University Medical Center, New Research Building-EG11, 3970 Reservoir Rd, NW, Washington, DC, 20057, USA.
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Galindo AN, Frey Rubio DA, Hettiaratchi MH. Biomaterial strategies for regulating the neuroinflammatory response. MATERIALS ADVANCES 2024; 5:4025-4054. [PMID: 38774837 PMCID: PMC11103561 DOI: 10.1039/d3ma00736g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024]
Abstract
Injury and disease in the central nervous system (CNS) can result in a dysregulated inflammatory environment that inhibits the repair of functional tissue. Biomaterials present a promising approach to tackle this complex inhibitory environment and modulate the mechanisms involved in neuroinflammation to halt the progression of secondary injury and promote the repair of functional tissue. In this review, we will cover recent advances in biomaterial strategies, including nanoparticles, hydrogels, implantable scaffolds, and neural probe coatings, that have been used to modulate the innate immune response to injury and disease within the CNS. The stages of inflammation following CNS injury and the main inflammatory contributors involved in common neurodegenerative diseases will be discussed, as understanding the inflammatory response to injury and disease is critical for identifying therapeutic targets and designing effective biomaterial-based treatment strategies. Biomaterials and novel composites will then be discussed with an emphasis on strategies that deliver immunomodulatory agents or utilize cell-material interactions to modulate inflammation and promote functional tissue repair. We will explore the application of these biomaterial-based strategies in the context of nanoparticle- and hydrogel-mediated delivery of small molecule drugs and therapeutic proteins to inflamed nervous tissue, implantation of hydrogels and scaffolds to modulate immune cell behavior and guide axon elongation, and neural probe coatings to mitigate glial scarring and enhance signaling at the tissue-device interface. Finally, we will present a future outlook on the growing role of biomaterial-based strategies for immunomodulation in regenerative medicine and neuroengineering applications in the CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alycia N Galindo
- Phil and Penny Knight Campus for Accelerating Scientific Impact, University of Oregon Eugene OR USA
| | - David A Frey Rubio
- Phil and Penny Knight Campus for Accelerating Scientific Impact, University of Oregon Eugene OR USA
| | - Marian H Hettiaratchi
- Phil and Penny Knight Campus for Accelerating Scientific Impact, University of Oregon Eugene OR USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oregon Eugene OR USA
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Huang Y, Xu R, Liu Q, Zhang X, Mao Y, Yang Y, Gu X, Liu Y, Ma Z. Glucose competition between endothelial cells in the blood-spinal cord barrier and infiltrating regulatory T cells is linked to sleep restriction-induced hyperalgesia. BMC Med 2024; 22:189. [PMID: 38715017 PMCID: PMC11077863 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-024-03413-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sleep loss is a common public health problem that causes hyperalgesia, especially that after surgery, which reduces the quality of life seriously. METHODS The 48-h sleep restriction (SR) mouse model was created using restriction chambers. In vivo imaging, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), immunofluorescence staining and Western blot were performed to detect the status of the blood-spinal cord barrier (BSCB). Paw withdrawal mechanical threshold (PWMT) was measured to track mouse pain behavior. The role of infiltrating regulatory T cells (Tregs) and endothelial cells (ECs) in mouse glycolysis and BSCB damage were analyzed using flow cytometry, Western blot, CCK-8 assay, colorimetric method and lactate administration. RESULTS The 48-h SR made mice in sleep disruption status and caused an acute damage to the BSCB, resulting in hyperalgesia and neuroinflammation in the spinal cord. In SR mice, the levels of glycolysis and glycolysis enzymes of ECs in the BSCB were found significantly decreased [CON group vs. SR group: CD31+Glut1+ cells: p < 0.001], which could cause dysfunction of ECs and this was confirmed in vitro. Increased numbers of infiltrating T cells [p < 0.0001] and Treg population [p < 0.05] were detected in the mouse spinal cord after 48-h SR. In the co-cultured system of ECs and Tregs in vitro, the competition of Tregs for glucose resulted in the glycolysis disorder of ECs [Glut1: p < 0.01, ENO1: p < 0.05, LDHα: p < 0.05; complete tubular structures formed: p < 0.0001; CCK8 assay: p < 0.001 on 24h, p < 0.0001 on 48h; glycolysis level: p < 0.0001]. An administration of sodium lactate partially rescued the function of ECs and relieved SR-induced hyperalgesia. Furthermore, the mTOR signaling pathway was excessively activated in ECs after SR in vivo and those under the inhibition of glycolysis or co-cultured with Tregs in vitro. CONCLUSIONS Affected by glycolysis disorders of ECs due to glucose competition with infiltrating Tregs through regulating the mTOR signaling pathway, hyperalgesia induced by 48-h SR is attributed to neuroinflammation and damages to the barriers, which can be relieved by lactate supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulin Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital Medical School, Nanjing University, No. 321 of Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Rui Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital Medical School, Nanjing University, No. 321 of Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Qi Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital Medical School, Nanjing University, No. 321 of Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital Medical School, Nanjing University, No. 321 of Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Yanting Mao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital Medical School, Nanjing University, No. 321 of Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Yan Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital Medical School, Nanjing University, No. 321 of Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Xiaoping Gu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital Medical School, Nanjing University, No. 321 of Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, China.
| | - Yue Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital Medical School, Nanjing University, No. 321 of Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, China.
| | - Zhengliang Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital Medical School, Nanjing University, No. 321 of Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, China.
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Da Mesquita S, Rua R. Brain border-associated macrophages: common denominators in infection, aging, and Alzheimer's disease? Trends Immunol 2024; 45:346-357. [PMID: 38632001 PMCID: PMC11088519 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2024.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Mammalian brain border-associated macrophages (BAMs) are strategically positioned to support vital properties and processes: for example, the composition of the brain's perivascular extracellular matrix and cerebrospinal fluid flow via the glymphatic pathway. BAMs also effectively restrict the spread of infectious microbes into the brain. However, while fighting infections, BAMs sustain long-term transcriptomic changes and can be replaced by inflammatory monocytes, potentially leading to a gradual loss of their beneficial homeostatic functions. We hypothesize that by expediting the deterioration of BAMs, multiple infection episodes might be associated with accelerated brain aging and the putative development of neurodegenerative diseases. Our viewpoint is supported by recent studies suggesting that rejuvenating aged BAMs, and counterbalancing their detrimental inflammatory signatures during infections, might hold promise in treating aging-related neurological disorders, including Alzheimer's disease (AD).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rejane Rua
- Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Aix Marseille Université, Inserm, CNRS, Marseille, France.
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40
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Yang FW, Mai TL, Lin YCJ, Chen YC, Kuo SC, Lin CM, Lee MH, Su JC. Multipathway regulation induced by 4-(phenylsulfonyl)morpholine derivatives against triple-negative breast cancer. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2024; 357:e2300435. [PMID: 38314850 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202300435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Phenotypic drug discovery (PDD) is an effective drug discovery approach by observation of therapeutic effects on disease phenotypes, especially in complex disease systems. Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is composed of several complex disease features, including high tumor heterogeneity, high invasive and metastatic potential, and a lack of effective therapeutic targets. Therefore, identifying effective and novel agents through PDD is a current trend in TNBC drug development. In this study, 23 novel small molecules were synthesized using 4-(phenylsulfonyl)morpholine as a pharmacophore. Among these derivatives, GL24 (4m) exhibited the lowest half-maximal inhibitory concentration value (0.90 µM) in MDA-MB-231 cells. To investigate the tumor-suppressive mechanisms of GL24, transcriptomic analyses were used to detect the perturbation for gene expression upon GL24 treatment. Followed by gene ontology (GO) analysis, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis, multiple ER stress-dependent tumor suppressive signals were identified, such as unfolded protein response (UPR), p53 pathway, G2/M checkpoint, and E2F targets. Most of the identified pathways triggered by GL24 eventually led to cell-cycle arrest and then to apoptosis. In summary, we developed a novel 4-(phenylsulfonyl)morpholine derivative GL24 with a strong potential for inhibiting TNBC cell growth through ER stress-dependent tumor suppressive signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan-Wei Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Te-Lun Mai
- Department of Life Science, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Chung Jimmy Lin
- Department of Life Science, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Genome and Systems Biology Degree Program, National Taiwan University and Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Plant Biology, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chen Chen
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shang-Che Kuo
- Genome and Systems Biology Degree Program, National Taiwan University and Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Ming Lin
- Department of Life Science, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Hsuan Lee
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jung-Chen Su
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
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41
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Castellani G, Peralta Ramos JM, Schwartz M. Bridging anatomical gaps between brain and immune system. Trends Immunol 2024; 45:318-319. [PMID: 38658220 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2024.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
It is increasingly clear that the central nervous system (CNS) relies significantly on both adaptive and innate immune cells for its repair and lifelong maintenance. These interactions hold profound implications for brain aging and neurodegeneration. Recent work by Smyth et al. describes newfound anatomical connections between the brain and dura mater, which they named the arachnoid cuff exit points.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Castellani
- Department of Brain Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | | | - Michal Schwartz
- Department of Brain Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
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42
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Mo S, Shi C, Cai Y, Xu M, Xu H, Xu Y, Zhang K, Zhang Y, Liu J, Che S, Liu X, Xing C, Long X, Chen X, Liu E. Single-cell transcriptome reveals highly complement activated microglia cells in association with pediatric tuberculous meningitis. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1387808. [PMID: 38745656 PMCID: PMC11091396 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1387808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Tuberculous meningitis (TBM) is a devastating form of tuberculosis (TB) causing high mortality and disability. TBM arises due to immune dysregulation, but the underlying immune mechanisms are unclear. Methods We performed single-cell RNA sequencing on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cells isolated from children (n=6) with TBM using 10 xGenomics platform. We used unsupervised clustering of cells and cluster visualization based on the gene expression profiles, and validated the protein and cytokines by ELISA analysis. Results We revealed for the first time 33 monocyte populations across the CSF cells and PBMCs of children with TBM. Within these populations, we saw that CD4_C04 cells with Th17 and Th1 phenotypes and Macro_C01 cells with a microglia phenotype, were enriched in the CSF. Lineage tracking analysis of monocyte populations revealed myeloid cell populations, as well as subsets of CD4 and CD8 T-cell populations with distinct effector functions. Importantly, we discovered that complement-activated microglial Macro_C01 cells are associated with a neuroinflammatory response that leads to persistent meningitis. Consistently, we saw an increase in complement protein (C1Q), inflammatory markers (CRP) and inflammatory factor (TNF-α and IL-6) in CSF cells but not blood. Finally, we inferred that Macro_C01 cells recruit CD4_C04 cells through CXCL16/CXCR6. Discussion We proposed that the microglial Macro_C01 subset activates complement and interacts with the CD4_C04 cell subset to amplify inflammatory signals, which could potentially contribute to augment inflammatory signals, resulting in hyperinflammation and an immune response elicited by Mtb-infected tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siwei Mo
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chenyan Shi
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- School of Public Health, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yi Cai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Maozhu Xu
- Maternal and Child Care Health Hospital of Zunyi City, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Hongmei Xu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuzhong Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shenzhen Baoan Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Kehong Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shenzhen Baoan Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jiao Liu
- Pediatric Research Institute, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Siyi Che
- Department of Radiology, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiangyu Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, China
| | - Chaonan Xing
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaoru Long
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, China
| | - Xinchun Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Enmei Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, China
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Muzio L, Perego J. CNS Resident Innate Immune Cells: Guardians of CNS Homeostasis. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4865. [PMID: 38732082 PMCID: PMC11084235 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Although the CNS has been considered for a long time an immune-privileged organ, it is now well known that both the parenchyma and non-parenchymal tissue (meninges, perivascular space, and choroid plexus) are richly populated in resident immune cells. The advent of more powerful tools for multiplex immunophenotyping, such as single-cell RNA sequencing technique and upscale multiparametric flow and mass spectrometry, helped in discriminating between resident and infiltrating cells and, above all, the different spectrum of phenotypes distinguishing border-associated macrophages. Here, we focus our attention on resident innate immune players and their primary role in both CNS homeostasis and pathological neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration, two key interconnected aspects of the immunopathology of multiple sclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Muzio
- Neuroimmunology Lab, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Institute of Experimental Neurology, 20133 Milan, Italy;
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Yamada K, Iwatsubo T. Involvement of the glymphatic/meningeal lymphatic system in Alzheimer's disease: insights into proteostasis and future directions. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:192. [PMID: 38652179 PMCID: PMC11039514 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-024-05225-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) is pathologically characterized by the abnormal accumulation of Aβ and tau proteins. There has long been a keen interest among researchers in understanding how Aβ and tau are ultimately cleared in the brain. The discovery of this glymphatic system introduced a novel perspective on protein clearance and it gained recognition as one of the major brain clearance pathways for clearing these pathogenic proteins in AD. This finding has sparked interest in exploring the potential contribution of the glymphatic/meningeal lymphatic system in AD. Furthermore, there is a growing emphasis and discussion regarding the possibility that activating the glymphatic/meningeal lymphatic system could serve as a novel therapeutic strategy against AD. OBJECTIVES Given this current research trend, the primary focus of this comprehensive review is to highlight the role of the glymphatic/meningeal lymphatic system in the pathogenesis of AD. The discussion will encompass future research directions and prospects for treatment in relation to the glymphatic/meningeal lymphatic system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaoru Yamada
- Department of Neuropathology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Takeshi Iwatsubo
- Department of Neuropathology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan
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Wang L, Zheng J, Zhao S, Wan Y, Wang M, Bosco DB, Kuan CY, Richardson JR, Wu LJ. CCR2 + monocytes replenish border-associated macrophages in the diseased mouse brain. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114120. [PMID: 38625796 PMCID: PMC11105166 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Border-associated macrophages (BAMs) are tissue-resident macrophages that reside at the border of the central nervous system (CNS). Since BAMs originate from yolk sac progenitors that do not persist after birth, the means by which this population of cells is maintained is not well understood. Using two-photon microscopy and multiple lineage-tracing strategies, we determine that CCR2+ monocytes are significant contributors to BAM populations following disruptions of CNS homeostasis in adult mice. After BAM depletion, while the residual BAMs possess partial self-repopulation capability, the CCR2+ monocytes are a critical source of the repopulated BAMs. In addition, we demonstrate the existence of CCR2+ monocyte-derived long-lived BAMs in a brain compression model and in a sepsis model after the initial disruption of homeostasis. Our study reveals that the short-lived CCR2+ monocytes transform into long-lived BAM-like cells at the CNS border and subsequently contribute to BAM populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingxiao Wang
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Jiaying Zheng
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Shunyi Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Yushan Wan
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Meijie Wang
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Dale B Bosco
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Chia-Yi Kuan
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Jason R Richardson
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Robert Stempel College of Public Health and Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA
| | - Long-Jun Wu
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA; Center for Neuroimmunology and Glial Biology, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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Wei H, Jiang H, Zhou Y, Liu L, Ma W, Ni S, Zhou C, Ji X. Cerebral venous congestion alters CNS homeostatic plasticity, evoking tinnitus-like behavior. Cell Biosci 2024; 14:47. [PMID: 38594782 PMCID: PMC11003147 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-024-01221-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brain function and neuronal activity depend on a constant supply of blood from the cerebral circulation. The cerebral venous system (CVS) contains approximately 70% of the total cerebral blood volume; similar to the cerebral arterial system, the CVS plays a prominent role in the maintenance of central nervous system (CNS) homeostasis. Impaired venous autoregulation, which can appear in forms such as cerebral venous congestion, may lead to metabolic abnormalities in the brain, causing severe cerebral functional defects and even chronic tinnitus. However, the role of cerebral venous congestion in the progression of tinnitus is underrecognized, and its pathophysiology is still incompletely understood. This study elucidated the specific pathogenetic role of cerebral venous congestion in the onset and persistence of tinnitus and the possible neurophysiological mechanisms. RESULTS We found that a rat model of cerebral venous congestion exhibited tinnitus-like behavioral manifestations at 14 days postoperatively; from that point onward, they showed signs of persistent tinnitus without significant hearing impairment. Subsequent neuroimaging and neurochemical findings showed CNS homeostatic plasticity disturbance in rats with cerebral venous congestion, reflected in increased neural metabolic activity, ultrastructural synaptic changes, upregulated synaptic efficacy, reduced inhibitory synaptic transmission (due to GABA deficiency), and elevated expression of neuroplasticity-related proteins in central auditory and extra-auditory pathways. CONCLUSION Collectively, our data suggest that alternations in CNS homeostatic plasticity may play a vital role in tinnitus pathology caused by cerebral venous congestion. These findings provide a new perspective on tinnitus related to cerebral venous congestion and may facilitate the development of precise interventions to interrupt its pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Wei
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, No. 37 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
- Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-based Precision Medicine, Ministry of Science and Technology, Capital Medical University, No.10 Xitoutiao, You An Men, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Huimin Jiang
- Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-based Precision Medicine, Ministry of Science and Technology, Capital Medical University, No.10 Xitoutiao, You An Men, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Yifan Zhou
- Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-based Precision Medicine, Ministry of Science and Technology, Capital Medical University, No.10 Xitoutiao, You An Men, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Lu Liu
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Wei Ma
- Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-based Precision Medicine, Ministry of Science and Technology, Capital Medical University, No.10 Xitoutiao, You An Men, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Shanshan Ni
- Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-based Precision Medicine, Ministry of Science and Technology, Capital Medical University, No.10 Xitoutiao, You An Men, Beijing, 100069, China.
- Department of Neurology, Wuqing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301700, China.
| | - Chen Zhou
- Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-based Precision Medicine, Ministry of Science and Technology, Capital Medical University, No.10 Xitoutiao, You An Men, Beijing, 100069, China.
| | - Xunming Ji
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, No. 37 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China.
- Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-based Precision Medicine, Ministry of Science and Technology, Capital Medical University, No.10 Xitoutiao, You An Men, Beijing, 100069, China.
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China.
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Antila S, Chilov D, Nurmi H, Li Z, Näsi A, Gotkiewicz M, Sitnikova V, Jäntti H, Acosta N, Koivisto H, Ray J, Keuters MH, Sultan I, Scoyni F, Trevisan D, Wojciechowski S, Kaakinen M, Dvořáková L, Singh A, Jukkola J, Korvenlaita N, Eklund L, Koistinaho J, Karaman S, Malm T, Tanila H, Alitalo K. Sustained meningeal lymphatic vessel atrophy or expansion does not alter Alzheimer's disease-related amyloid pathology. NATURE CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH 2024; 3:474-491. [PMID: 39087029 PMCID: PMC7616318 DOI: 10.1038/s44161-024-00445-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Discovery of meningeal lymphatic vessels (LVs) in the dura mater, also known as dural LVs (dLVs) that depend on vascular endothelial growth factor C expression, has raised interest in their possible involvement in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Here we find that in the APdE9 and 5xFAD mouse models of AD, dural amyloid-β (Aβ) is confined to blood vessels and dLV morphology or function is not altered. The induction of sustained dLV atrophy or hyperplasia in the AD mice by blocking or overexpressing vascular endothelial growth factor C, impaired or improved, respectively, macromolecular cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) drainage to cervical lymph nodes. Yet, sustained manipulation of dLVs did not significantly alter the overall brain Aβ plaque load. Moreover, dLV atrophy did not alter the behavioral phenotypes of the AD mice, but it improved CSF-to-blood drainage. Our results indicate that sustained dLV manipulation does not affect Aβ deposition in the brain and that compensatory mechanisms promote CSF clearance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salli Antila
- Wihuri Research Institute and Translational Cancer Medicine Program, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Dmitri Chilov
- Wihuri Research Institute and Translational Cancer Medicine Program, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Harri Nurmi
- Wihuri Research Institute and Translational Cancer Medicine Program, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Zhilin Li
- Wihuri Research Institute and Translational Cancer Medicine Program, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anni Näsi
- Wihuri Research Institute and Translational Cancer Medicine Program, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Maria Gotkiewicz
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Valeriia Sitnikova
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Henna Jäntti
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Natalia Acosta
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Hennariikka Koivisto
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jonathan Ray
- Wihuri Research Institute and Translational Cancer Medicine Program, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Meike Hedwig Keuters
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Neuroscience Center, Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ibrahim Sultan
- Wihuri Research Institute and Translational Cancer Medicine Program, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Flavia Scoyni
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Davide Trevisan
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Sara Wojciechowski
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Mika Kaakinen
- Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Lenka Dvořáková
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Abhishek Singh
- Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Jari Jukkola
- Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Nea Korvenlaita
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Lauri Eklund
- Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Jari Koistinaho
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Neuroscience Center, Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sinem Karaman
- Wihuri Research Institute and Translational Cancer Medicine Program, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tarja Malm
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Heikki Tanila
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Kari Alitalo
- Wihuri Research Institute and Translational Cancer Medicine Program, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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48
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Walsh JT, Kipnis J. An immunological window to the brain. NATURE CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH 2024; 3:405-406. [PMID: 39196219 DOI: 10.1038/s44161-024-00457-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- James T Walsh
- Department of Ophthalmology, Washington University in St Louis, School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA.
- Brain Immunology and Glia (BIG) Center, Washington University in St Louis, School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA.
| | - Jonathan Kipnis
- Brain Immunology and Glia (BIG) Center, Washington University in St Louis, School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA.
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St Louis, School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA.
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49
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Fitzpatrick Z, Ghabdan Zanluqui N, Rosenblum JS, Tuong ZK, Lee CYC, Chandrashekhar V, Negro-Demontel ML, Stewart AP, Posner DA, Buckley M, Allinson KSJ, Mastorakos P, Chittiboina P, Maric D, Donahue D, Helmy A, Tajsic T, Ferdinand JR, Portet A, Peñalver A, Gillman E, Zhuang Z, Clatworthy MR, McGavern DB. Venous-plexus-associated lymphoid hubs support meningeal humoral immunity. Nature 2024; 628:612-619. [PMID: 38509366 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07202-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
There is increasing interest in how immune cells in the meninges-the membranes that surround the brain and spinal cord-contribute to homeostasis and disease in the central nervous system1,2. The outer layer of the meninges, the dura mater, has recently been described to contain both innate and adaptive immune cells, and functions as a site for B cell development3-6. Here we identify organized lymphoid structures that protect fenestrated vasculature in the dura mater. The most elaborate of these dural-associated lymphoid tissues (DALT) surrounded the rostral-rhinal confluence of the sinuses and included lymphatic vessels. We termed this structure, which interfaces with the skull bone marrow and a comparable venous plexus at the skull base, the rostral-rhinal venolymphatic hub. Immune aggregates were present in DALT during homeostasis and expanded with age or after challenge with systemic or nasal antigens. DALT contain germinal centre B cells and support the generation of somatically mutated, antibody-producing cells in response to a nasal pathogen challenge. Inhibition of lymphocyte entry into the rostral-rhinal hub at the time of nasal viral challenge abrogated the generation of germinal centre B cells and class-switched plasma cells, as did perturbation of B-T cell interactions. These data demonstrate a lymphoid structure around vasculature in the dura mater that can sample antigens and rapidly support humoral immune responses after local pathogen challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary Fitzpatrick
- Viral Immunology and Intravital Imaging Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), National Institute of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
- Molecular Immunity Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Nagela Ghabdan Zanluqui
- Viral Immunology and Intravital Imaging Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), National Institute of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Zewen Kelvin Tuong
- Molecular Immunity Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Colin Y C Lee
- Molecular Immunity Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Maria Luciana Negro-Demontel
- Viral Immunology and Intravital Imaging Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), National Institute of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Andrew P Stewart
- Molecular Immunity Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - David A Posner
- Molecular Immunity Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Monica Buckley
- Viral Immunology and Intravital Imaging Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), National Institute of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kieren S J Allinson
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Panagiotis Mastorakos
- Viral Immunology and Intravital Imaging Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), National Institute of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
- Department of Surgical Neurology, NINDS, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Dragan Maric
- Flow and Imaging Cytometry Core Facility, NINDS, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Adel Helmy
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Tamara Tajsic
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - John R Ferdinand
- Molecular Immunity Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Anais Portet
- Molecular Immunity Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ana Peñalver
- Molecular Immunity Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Eleanor Gillman
- Molecular Immunity Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Zhengping Zhuang
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Menna R Clatworthy
- Molecular Immunity Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
- Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
- Cellular Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK.
| | - Dorian B McGavern
- Viral Immunology and Intravital Imaging Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), National Institute of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA.
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50
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Kallal N, Hugues S, Garnier L. Regulation of autoimmune-mediated neuroinflammation by endothelial cells. Eur J Immunol 2024; 54:e2350482. [PMID: 38335316 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202350482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
The CNS has traditionally been considered an immune-privileged organ, but recent studies have identified a plethora of immune cells in the choroid plexus, meninges, perivascular spaces, and cribriform plate. Although those immune cells are crucial for the maintenance of CNS homeostasis and for neural protection against infections, they can lead to neuroinflammation in some circumstances. The blood and the lymphatic vasculatures exhibit distinct structural and molecular features depending on their location in the CNS, greatly influencing the compartmentalization and the nature of CNS immune responses. In this review, we discuss how endothelial cells regulate the migration and the functions of T cells in the CNS both at steady-state and in murine models of neuroinflammation, with a special focus on the anatomical, cellular, and molecular mechanisms implicated in EAE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil Kallal
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Geneva Medical School, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Stephanie Hugues
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Geneva Medical School, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Laure Garnier
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Geneva Medical School, Geneva, Switzerland
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